Document 3NDGV3JnokyBYxO754X9kv5nD

16S96 PROPOSED RULES Cc) The Deputy Administrator. Vet have been occupationally related. As a the level from a ceiling of 500 ppm to 50 erinary Services, upon request to him. result of tills notification and after con ppm ceiling. It was expressly recognized may approve other Identification systems sultation with the National Institute for that this standard limiting exposures to In specific cases and under such condi Occupational Safety and Health a 50 ppm level was Intended to be a ten tions as he may prescribe if he deter (NIOSH), and a Joint Inspection of the tative. Interim standard, to be in effect mines that such systems provide the plant by OSHA. NIOSH, and the Ken no longer than six months, during which necessary Information to allow for trace- tucky Department of Labor, a fact-find time the whole question of possible safe back of the swine to their herd of origin. ing hearing on possible hazards involved exposure to VC would be reconsidered Any person who wishes to submit writ with the manufacture and use of VC more fully and in the light of more in ten data, views or arguments concerning was announced on January 30, 1974 (39 formation. especially results of experi the proposed amendment may do so by FR 3874) and held on February 15, 1974. ments which were known to be under filing them with Deputy Administrator, 2. Carcinogenicity 0/ VC. Information way at that time. Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant produced at this hearing demonstrated 4. Additional information. On April 15. Health Inspection Service, U.S, Depart that exposure of laboratory animals 1974, Information and data were pre ment of Agriculture. Hyattsville, Mary (mostly Sprague-Dawley rats) to VC by sented to representatives of OSHA, land 20782 before August 12,1274. Inhalation at and below the then current NIOSH and the EPA by the Industrial All written submissions made pursuant OSHA standard of 500 ppm Induced Bio-Test Laboratories. Northbrook, Illi to this notice will be made available for public Inspection at the Federal Build ing. 6505 Belcrest Road, Room 870, Hyattsville. Maryland 20782, during reg ular hours of business (8 a.m. to 4:30 pm., Monday to Friday, except holidays) In a manner convenient to the public business (7 CFR 1.27(b)). * Comments submitted should bear a reference to the date and page number of this issue in the Fidexal Recrsrgx. tumors. Including angiosarcomas of the liver. Professor Cesare Maltonl, of the Institute dl Oncologla, Bologna, Italy, reported on a series of experiments on the effect of exposure of rats, mice, and hamsters to VC at concentrations of 10,000; 6,000; 2.500; 500; 250; and 50 ppm for varying periods of time (TR43-63). Some of the experiments have been concluded, and others are still on going. The experimental results reported nois. concerning results of animal ex posure studies with VC, sponsored by the Manufacturing Chemists Association (MCA). Although only preliminary in nature, these results revealed that 2 out of 200 mice exposed to VC concentrations of 50 ppm for 7 hours a day. five days a week, for approximately 7 months, de veloped angiosarcomas of .the liver. The Industrial Bio-Test Lab data in dicate that exposure to VC at 50 ppm Done at Washington, D.C,, this 7th were that tumors have been observed in may well constitute a serious health haz day ol Mat 1974. groups of animals exposed to VC at con ard to employees. Also, the question of a Pxkriw A. Chaloux, Acting Deputy Administrator, Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. centrations as low as 250 ppm. No tumors were observed In the group of animals exposed to VC at a concentration of 50 ppm. It also appears that the total num ber of tumors, as well as the numbers d1 angiosarcomas of the liver, decreased safe level of exposure for humans can not be determined at this time, and may continue as a matter for scientific de liberation lor many years. We therefore conclude that it Is now necessary to pro pose to change the 50 ppm level estab (PH Doe.74-10883 Filed 5-9-74;8:4S am] as the concentrations of VC were reduced lished In the ETS to as low a level as can to 250 ppm. Another experiment by Pro he detected using methodologies outlined DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Occupational Safety and Health Administration lessor Maltonl was reported underway involving the exposure of 300 animals to VC at concentrations of 50 ppm. In order to assess in a more definitive way In this proposal (5) The proposed permanent standard. The requirements for a complete stand ard under section 5(b) of the Occupa ( [ 29 CFR Part 1910 ] whether that level of exposure produces tional Safety and Health Act of 1970 [Docket OSH-38] tumors in animals. Data reported by are much more comprehensive the Torkelson, Oyen and Rowe (American provisions of the ETS promulgated op VINYL CHLORIDE Industrial Hygiene Association J 22: 254- April 3. The following proposals are re Proposed Standard 1. Background. Vinyl chloride (chloroethene) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry No, 75015, Is a synthetic, chemi cal made by oxychlorination of ethylene or by hydrochlortnatlon of acetylene. It Is the parent compound of a series of themoplastic resin polymers and co polymers which are widely used for con tainers, wrapping film, electrical Insula tion, pipe, conduit, and a variety of other products. Vinyl chloride has been made commercially in this country since. 1939 .esent production Is In excess of seven billion pounds per year. Vinyl chloride (VC) Is a gas at am bient temperature and pressure and la a chlorinated hydrocarbon which has moderate liver toxicity. The previous 361 (1961)) indicate that exposure to VC at concentrations of 50 ppm failed to induce tumors in rats, hamsters, rabbits, and dogs. The employees of the B. F. Goodrich Chemical Company who died from angio sarcoma of the liver had an average ex posure of approximately 19 years to vinyl chloride, at unknown concentrations, and variable exposures to other volatfle chemicals. (TR 93). Some employees of Union Carbide, Firestone Tire and Rub ber. and Goodyear were also reported In post-hearing comments to have had ex posure to vinyl chloride and to have died from angiosarcoma of the liver. Finally, autopsies of four deceased employees re vealed their liver angiosarcoma tumors were histologically indistinguishable from the angiosarcoma tumors observed sponsive to the additional information on the carcinogenicity of VC, and the requirements of the Act. A. Level of exposure. The proposed standard for employee exposure is set at no detectable level, as determined by a sampling and analytical method capable of detecting vinyl chloride at concentra tions of 1 ppm 'with an accuracy of 1 ppm--50 percent. Aiihengb more sensi tive methods may be available now or In the future, the methodologicalsensitivity proposed appears to be the most feasible and generally available. A method of 1 ppm sensitivity has been recommended to OSHA by NIOSH. To minimiM. the number of persons at risk, a require ment would be established for regulating areas where vinyl chloride is manufac tured, reacted, stored, handled, released, standard set a celling value of 500 parts per million (ppm) (29 CFR 1910.93, Table G-l). S ,K. , histration <OSH_V; was ia,.o, a.v.._ :y IL-. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSK; that the B. F. Good rich Chemical Company reported that in Professor Maltoni's experimental animals. 3. The Emergency Temporary Stand ard. On the basis of all information available at that time, and the fact that employees were being exposed at levels around the experimentally observed ef fect level of 250 ppm, an Emergency Temporary Standard (ETS) was promul repackaged, or used, including -opera tions with polyvinyl chloride oontaining detoctahle levels -of vinyl chloride. Access to the areas would be limited to author ized employees. B. Monitoring. A program of monitor ing would be required to establish whether there are detectable levels in regulated areas and to permit determina deaths of several of its employees from gated on April 6, 1974 (39 FR 12342) as tion of employee exposures on an In a rare liver cancer (angiosarcoma) may 29 CFR 1910.93q. This standard reduced dividual basis. Provision would also be FEOERAi REGISTER, VOt. 39, NO. 92--ERIDAV, MAV 10, 1974 GENC 007598 PROPOSED RULES 16897 rim: . ^ : an . ,ai , \.ty to observe record to an employee's physician on the (5) ''Decontamination" means reduc monitoring by employes or their desig employee's request. Establishments con tion of vinyl chloride concentrations to nated representatives, as required by sec ducting VC operations would be required less than detectable levels. tion 81c> (3) of the Act. to Identify themselves to OSHA, and to (6) "Detectable level" means an air C. Control methods. Where detectable report incidents (accidents) resulting in borne concentration of vinyl chloride levels of VC are monitored, two pro the release of vinyl chloride. measurable by a sampling and analytical grams would be triggered; an engineer Accordingly, pursuant to sections 8(b). method capable of measuring concentra ing and work practice program to reduce 6(c), and 8(c) of the Occupational tions of 1 ppm, with an accuracy of 1 levels below detectability; and while this Safety and Health Act of 1970 (84 Stat. ppm 50 percent. Is on-going, a respiratory protection pro 1593, 1598, 1599; 29 U.S.C. 655. 657), Sec (7) "Director" means the Director. Na gram for employees In the regulated area. retary of Labor's Order No. 12-71 (36 FR tional Institute for Occupational Safety Engineering controls and work prac 8754) and 29 CFR Part 1911, It Is here and Health, or any person directed by tices are favored methods of compliance by proposed to amend 29 CFR Part 1910 him or the Secretary of Health. Educa because they tend to avoid contamina by revising } I910.93q as set forth below. tion. and Welfare to act for the Director. tion of the ambient air In the workplace. Written data, views, and arguments (8) "r:n-...."gency" uu/ ns an un/orseen Accordingly. It is proposed to require the concerning the proposals may be mailed circumstance or set ol circumstances, re institution of engineering controls and to the Docket Officer, Docket OSH-36, sulting in the release of vinyl chloride of wortcpractlce methods as soon as feasi Room 230, 1726 M Street, N.W., Occupa Into areas occupied by employees. ble. and to require the Use of respirators tional Safety and Health Administra (9) "Exposure" means actual contact pending the institution at such controls, tion, Washington, D.C. 20210, post with vinyl chloride when unprotected by to supplement such controls .where they marked not later than June 10.1874. required personal protective equipment are insufficient to reduce -concentrations Pursuant to 29 CFR 1811.11 (b)' And and clothing. of vinyl'chloride below the'detectable (c). interested persons may file objec (10) "Fabricated product" mean:, a level, th specified work situations; and tions to the proposals, requesting an in . finished product or part of such product, in cases of emergency, The proposal for formal hearing with respect thereto, In made of polyvinyl chloride, entirely or In continuous flow . and bressure demand accordance- with the following' condi part, including semifinished products types of respirators Is based oh th rec tions: such as film, sheet, block, bar, or extru ommendations of TttOB&t, which httob-7 (1) Hie objections must. Include the sion stock. served leakage throoghchemteal car name and address of the objector; (11) "OSHA Area Director" means the tridge respirators'at high concentrations (2) The objections must be post Directos for the Occupational Safety and of VC,-. ; - -- ; .v marked on or before June 10,1974; Health Administration Area Office hav A requirement would also lie estab (3) The objections must specify .the ing jurisdiction over the geographic area lished, fa*- the provi*lo& taduse, ofiiro- provislonsofthe proposed rule to which in which the establishment Is located. tectlve etothln* for ecdjflbyresto the teg- objection is taken, and must state -the , (12). "Polyvlnyl chloride" means poly ulated areas. The pttrtsctfrer clothing grounds therefor;. vinyl chloride homopolymer or copol would mlnlmlise'stlhy contact .with VC , (4) Each objection must be separately ymer before such is converted to a fab vapor,7 and would provide aafife-measurt stated and numbered; and ,, ilVv ricated product. of protectloir frtn^aiffiUiiyeC;llqtfl4' lh (5) The objections must be accom . (13) "Protective clothing" means the event of ft spUl'oy fuptdre of equip panied by- a summary of the evidence clothing protective against vinyl chlo ment; Pood, beverage*; and like products proposed to be adduced at the requested ride. would bo prohibited;. the ; regulated hearing. .. . ...... . (14) -"Vinyl .chloride" means vinyl area;.. . . ` . As revised! 118i0.93q would read, as chloride monomer. . Written opert^aitelVahdV emergency follows; ,, . , . , . (15). "Waste resin" means any resin plan#7 Would be require^'alonjririUiqmployte training In routing add emergency duties, specific, requirements would be established for. emergency- actions and for routine maintenance and decontami nation operations,including vessel tatry, which are known to present particular hazards. The purposes of operational and emer gency plans and training are to apprise employees of the hazards to which they may be exposed, of the precautions they must take to. avoid such hazards, and to rehearse employees In- the procedures they must follow in emergencies, D. Medical surveillance. 'Comprehen sive requirements for employee medical examinations are proposed, including necessary tests. Some additional guid ance Is included for the convenience of physicians. The proposed requirements have been recommended to OSHA by NIOSH as reasonably appropriate to de tect liver dysfunction which may be In dicative of, or predisposing to, the de velopment of liver angiosarcomas. 1910.93q Vinyl Chloride. 7 or other reaction products removed in the cleaning of equipment, such as. ves (a) Scope and application, (1) , This sels and piping. section applies to any area or operation (c) Reference. College of American in which vinyl chloride (chloroethefle), Pathologists, 230 N. Michigan Ave., Chi Chemical Abstracts Service Registry No. cago, Illinois 60601. ; . 75015, is manufactured,' reacted,re (4) Regulated areas. (1) A regulated leased, repackaged, stored, or used. In area shall be established where (1) vinyl cluding areas and operations involving chloride is manufactured, reacted, re polyvinyl chloride.' where detectable leased. repackaged, stored, or used; or levels of vinyl chloride are released,-.- (11) polyvinyl chloride capable of re (2) This section does not apply to the' leasing detectable levels of .vinyl chlo handling or use of fabricated products ride is manufactured, reacted, released, made entirely or In part of polyvinyl repackaged, stored, mf used. chloride. -. (b> Definitions. (1) "Assistant Secre tary'' means the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health. tl.S. Department of Laborer his designee. (2) "Authorized employee" means an employee whose duties require him to be in the regulated area and who has been specifically assigned by the employer; and any employee who enters such an (2) Access to regulated areas shall be limited to authorized employees. (3) A daily roster of employees enter ing regulated areas shall be made and maintained. The rosters, or summaries thereof, shall be kept for at least 20 years. . (e) Monitoring. (1) Every regulated area shall be monitored for detectable levels of vinyl chloride. area as a designated representative of (2) The monitoring shall assure that employees to exercise an opportunity to any exposure may be determined for E. Records and reports. Records of observe monitoring and measuring of each authorized employee with a confi monitoring, medical examinations, and vinyl chloride. dence level of 95 percent.^- entry to regulated areas are proposed, (3) "Closed container" means any (3) Employees or their designated rep with provision for access by appropriate container which prevents the release of resentatives shall be afforded an oppor OSHA and NIOSH officials. Specific pro vinyl chloride to the environment. tunity to observe monitoring and measur visions for employee access to monitoring (4) ``Contaminated'' means capable ing required by thia paragraph. records are Included, as well as the re of releasing a detectable level of vinyl (i) Where exercise of an opportunity quirement to furnish a copy of a medical chloride, r requires entry to an area where the use No. 93--Pt. i--------10 FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 39, NO- 92--FRIDAY, MAY 10, 1974 `3ENC 007599 16808 P*OPO$D RUUS of protective clothing, equipment, IaclllUcs, or procedures Is required, such clothing, equipment, facilities, and pro cedures shall be provided to all persons entitled to exercise the opportunity, at no coat to any of them. CUD Persons exercising the opportu nity shall be Instructed regarding: (A) The toxicity and fire hazard of vinyl chloride; and (B) The protective steps and measures necessary for their protection. (ill) Observers shall be permitted, without interference to the persons per forming the monitoring and measuring, to: (A) Observe all steps and procedures related to the collecting, processing, and evaluation of particular monitoring and measurement samples; (B) Record quantities and results obtained; (C) Observe the condition of monitor ing and measuring equipment; <D) Receive a demonstration of the tfiSiS Ot monitoring and measuring equipment performed on site; and CE) Examine Instructions and docu ments minted to the procedures and equipment lor monitoring and measur ing. (4) Accurate and complete records of all required monitoring shall he made and maintained for not lea than 'SO yean. Such a record shah (1) state the date of soch monitoring and the levels determined; and fill identify the instru ments and methods used. <f> Engineering controls and workpractice rfUUuxU. (1) Where detectable levels of vinyl chloride are measured, immediate protection shall be provided against exposure to vinyl chloride by the rose of engineering controls, workpractlce 'methods, and respirators as follows: (1) Feasible engineering controls and workpractlee methods shall immediately, be used to reduce airborne concentra tions of vtnyl chloride below the detect able level; <U) Wherever feasible engineering controls and workpractlce methods which can be Instituted immediately are not sufficient to reduce concentrations of vinyl chloride below the detectable level, they shall nonetheless be used to reduce the concentrations to the lowest prac ticable level, and shall be supplemented . .rj of respirators In accordance v,m paragraph (g> of this section; (111) Wherever no feasible engineering control or workpractlce method can be instituted Immediately, immediate res piratory protection shall be provided In accordance with paragraph (g) of this section; and <lv) In any case covered by paragraph <f)(l) 01) or Oil) of this section, the employer shall also undertake as soon as practicable a program to reduce airborne concentrations of vinyl chloride below the detectable level, or to the greatest extent feasible, solely by means of engi neering controls and workpractlce meth ods and as soon as feasible. (2) There shall be tests made for process or equipment leaks and for emis sion of vinyl chloride which may result from workpractlces. The frequency of these tests shall be such as to Insure the integrity of equipment and adherence to proper workpractlces. <g) Respiratory protection. (1) A res piratory protection program in accord ance with 11010.134 shall be established and implemented where respirators are required to be used by this section. (2) Respirators shall be used only In cases of emergency and where required by any other provision of this section. Respirators may not be used in lieu of feasible engineering controls or workpractice methods. (3) Respirators or combinations of respirators lor protection against vinyl chloride shall be selected from among the following: (1) A positive pressure full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus; (ID A pressure-demand fidl faoapleoo self-contained breathing apparatus op erating In the pressure-demand mode; till) A octnirtnation trite "C" pteseuredemand full facepiece respirator oper atingin thepwsure-deasandpaodeand a pressure-demand self-contained breathing apparatus encoding in the pressure-demand moder er' <iv) A combinationtype '"C7* continu ous flow respirator and a pressuredemand eeM-contained breathing ap paratus operating in the pressure-de mand mode. <h) Protective clothing. <1) Employees entering regulated areas fball be pro vided full-body protective clothing, foot wear or shoe coven, and gloves, at no cost to them, and required to wear It while In the regulated area. , CJ) Where .polyvinyl chloride powder containing detectable levels of vinyl chloride is handled, employees shall also be: (I) Provided and required to wear headcovBrings; fil) Required to remove all protective clothing at each exit from the regulated area; and (ill) Required to shower after the last exit of the day. (3) Clean protective clothing Audi be provided whenever contaminated or soiled, but not less frequently than weekly. Contaminated clothing shall be decontaminated before reuse by removal for laundering or disposal. (1) Hygiene faculties and practices. (1) Where employees are required by this , section to wear protective clothing and equipment, change rooms shall be provided In accordance with 11910441 Ce). (2) Where employees are required by this section to shower. Shower faculties shall be provided In accordance with (1910.141(d) (3). (3) Storage or consumption of food or beverages, storage or use of smoking or non-food chewing products, and the storage or application of cosmetics are prohibited In regulated areas <i> Emergency situations. (1) A writ ten operational plan for emergency situations shall be developed for each regulated area. (2> In the event of an emergency, ap propriate portions of the plan shall be put Into operation. (I) Hazardous conditions created by the emergency shall be -iimtn.M and the affected area shall be decontami nated prior to the resumption of normal operations. (II) Special medical surveillance by a physician shall be instituted within 24hours for employees present in the af fected area at the time of the emergency. (III) Where an employee has a known contact with liquid vinyl chloride such employee shall be required to shower as soon as possible, unless contraindicated by physical Injuries. llv) An Incident report on the emer gency shall be reported as required In paragraph (q>(2) of this section. 43) Each authorised employee shall be trained In a program relating to the heard* of vinyl ohtoride And the pre cautions for safe use. 41) The program shall include: (A) 73m nature of the fire hazard, and the necessary protective steps; OB) The nature of the toxic hazard. Including local and system1c effeot*. acute and chronic Affects mrftiemy snarlHcttJly the?Anrlnoffmlf ~hayyrt- (CT The apeplflcnature of operations which could reault'Jn exposure to vinyl chloride, and necessary protective stepa; " <P?joxpoa ter anfl tnowann ct the medical sarwelflance program; CD The xnmbM for and application of decontamination practices; <P) The purpose for and significance of emergency .practices and procedures; m 'IheemplqTOi speclflciule utater n<Kn^<gwra^^enargencyc<dlttons; <H) Specific information to aid the employee: in recognition and evaluation of conditions and situations yvhfch may remit in the Telease of vtnyl chloride; <D The purpose for and application afspedOc first aid procedures and ttrac- <J> A review -of this standard at tiro omplcTee'B first training and indoctri nation program and annually-thereafter. (11) ABtnaterisSe relating to the pro gram sbaB be provided upon request to antbariaedrepresentative* of the Assist ant Secretary and the Director. - ft) Sign* and labels, (l) Entrances to regulated aressstisDtie poeted with signs bearing tiro legend: caaggR-suagBcr agent area . AGTBDBIZXD MRSONRn. ONLT, 42) Areas containing operations cov ered in .paragraph 4k) (i) (4) of this sec tion shall be pasted with signs bearing the legend: CANCKR-SUSPBCT AGENT IN THIS AREA FULL IMPERVIOUS AIR-SUPPLIED EQ0IP- _____ UBNT REQUIRED AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLV (3) Containers of waste or other ma terials contaminated with vinyl chloride shall be labeled; FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 39, NO. 91--fRIOAY, MAY 10, 1974 GENC OU76UO proposed rules 16899 vinyl chloride contaminated (li) when vessels are to be entered, all <i> Alcohol Intake; MATERIAL. CANCER-SUSPECT AOENT DISPOSE OP OR DECONTAMINATE U8INO AUTHORIZED PROCEDURES (4) Container of polyvinyl chloride containing detectable levels of vinyl piping to such vessel shall be: (A) Opened, blanked and tagged; or (B) where welded piping la In use. not less than 2 valves In series, which Isolate the vessel from any other connection to such line, must be closed and secured. (il) Past history of hepatitis; (ill) Past exposure to potential hepatotoxlc agents, Including drugs and chemicals; (lv) Past history of- blood transfu sions; and chloride shall be labeled: (Ill) No employee shall enter a vessel, (v) Past history of hospitalizations. polyvinyl chloride CONTAINS VINYL CHLORIDE except when another employee properly (3) At the time of Initial employment, trained and equipped for entry Is pres or upon Institution of screening, a serum VINYL CHLORIDE 3 A ent and Is observing the'employee In the specimen shall be obtained for screening CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT ABSORBED BY BRKATHLNQ AND THROUGH ( SKIN vessel. The observer shall have means with respect to the following bio-chemi for signalling for help in the event the cal determinations of Uver function: employee experiences problems. Under (i) Total bilirubin; (5) Containers of vinyl chloride shall be labeled: VINYL CHLORIDE ., DANGER KTTRKMELT PLAMMABtR .OAfl UNDER PRESSURE, . such conditions, the observer shall sig nal for help, and shall not enter to assist the employee until another person la present to observe. - <m> Transportation loading and. un loading. (1) Facilities for the loading (il) Alkaline phosphatase; (111) Serum glutamic oxalacetic trans aminase (SOOT); (lv) Serum glutamic pyruvic trans aminase (SOPT); and (v> Gamma glustamyl transpeptidase MAT POLYVnUZE. Wrra' -- and unloading of vinyl chloride to. and (OOTP). EXPLOSIVE. POBpE - J from containers, shall have each transfer (4) Additional tests that mnv option ,POISON, .;(. CANCER SUSPECT."AGENT AND .... AMxsTHxno, ;f;; * ABSORBED by BREATHING - 'rAj-ND*.- T. H^ROUiGH- SfCnr '`v:'' ' (6) No statement;ton Eppear co dr pear any required sign. label or instruc line and vapor-equailzlng line equipped ally be considered for use. In ^creenii:. with Vent connections, and shall have Indude: an inert gas purging system- Vent (did (I) Lactic dehydrogenase; purge effluent shall be returned to a proc (II) Serum protein determinations; ess stream or flared In a safe location. . (III) Serum protein electrophoresis; . (5) Procedures Shall be developed and and ' Implemented for the transfer of vinyl < (lv) Platelet count. tion, which conbadicrt oc detracts from chloride. Written copies of such proce the effect of any requlredwirnlng, in dure* shall, be provided employees .en (5) Laboratory analyses for all biologi cal specimens Included in medical exam formation or lnstfUettoDi-''^';! -< * ./. (1) Malntenancirn&.deftontamina- gaged In such operations, and such,em ployees .shall be folly trained and re inations shall be performed in labora tories accredited by the College of tion. >: Emphasu:^w.b|^ hearsed lnah procedures. - American Pathologists or licensed under Immediate clean up qfiipUli* periodic In* spectlon, prompt repair.ofeflttjpment and i--*, and. proper haadltng,storage. and (3) Employees engaged in transferop- 43 CFR Part 74. eratlons shall be provided with'.and (fl) If the results of screening required required to .wear, respirators in accord-, In paragraph (o) (3) of this section are disposal or decont^itittkafof-materials to prevent afrbqtnpocfttamluation and accidental skin eontaot vttb>fnyl chlo- ; ride. Waste material ;eqttfonenV and other sources of vinyl chloride In closed cantatoers, mTnqt beplacenta areas of excessive tenbexatur*;or'BimUght since build-up of internal pressure map. result in rupture .of the,, container,' Are.. or explosion. -Srj`-:v''>os5.v*v1 (2) Waste rtstasfor ottieg.inaterlala contaminated with vhtyl chlotldeshall be placed In cloeed containers pending dis posal or decontamination. (3) Appropriate procedures' shall be. developed and tmplemented for the de ance wlth.paragraph (g) of this section. . <n> Polymer handling operational ,(1) Containers of polyvinyl chloride releas ing detectable levels of vinyl chloride shall be opened and transferred, ;oaly under local exhaust ventilation .which reduces the concentration of vinyl chlo ride below the detectable level. (2) Hot operations, such as but, not limited to. milling, calendering and ex truding, which release detectable levels -ot vinyl chloride, shall be carried on'Cnly under local exhaust ventilation which reduces the concentration of vinyl chlo ride below the detectable level. - .* contamination or disposal of all such (o) Medical surveillance. Not later waste material. ,. than. -------- ;----- -- MOTS, a program (4) In. maintenance or repair opera of. medical surveillance hAn be Insti tions on contaminated--systems or tuted, and shall provide each authorised equipment, including vessel entry, em employee with an opportunity for ex ployees engaged in such operations shall aminations in accordance with this para be (1) provided with and required to graph. All medical examinations and wear and use a whole-body alr-supplled procedures shall be performed by or suit Impervious to vinyl chloride, and a under the supervision of a licensed respirator In accordance with paragraph Doctor of Medicine (MD) or Doctor of (?) of this section; and (11) required to Osteopathy (DO). All medical examina shower after removing protective equip ment. tions and tests shall be provided without cost to the employee. normal, screening shall be repeated: (I) Every six months for employees who have been employed In vinyl chlo ride related operations for 10 years or more; and (II) , Annually for all other employees entering regulated areas; . (7) If one or more liver function tests performed are. abnormal, serum testing shall be repeated as soon as possible, preferably within two to four, weeks. If no. abnormalities. are present. upon rescreening, serum testing shall be re peated In three months. (8) If abnormalities persist upon re screening. the employee shall be with drawn from areas where contact with vinyl .chloride is possible, and an Individ ualized medical workshop hnn be In stituted. Suggested as Initial steps are a complete physical examination and vari ous special procedures such as hepatitis B antigen determination and Uver scan ning. If liver function abnormalities are determined to be unrelated to Uver dis ease. the employee may be permitted to return to vinyl cblorlde-related employ ment, subject to Individual. medical evaluation. (5) Protective clothing and equipment shall be clean and dry for each use. (0) When vessels or piping systems are opened local exhaust ventilation shall be provided to remove the escaping vapor from all occupied areas. U) At the time of Initial employment, or upon Institution of screening, a physi cal examination shall be performed with specific attention to detecting enlarge ment of liver or spleen by abdominal palpation. (8) A complete and accurate record of the results of medical examinations shall be made and maintained for the dura tion of employment plus five years, or for 20 years, whichever Is longer. (p) .Records. (1) Records of monitor (7) (1) Vessels to be entered shall first (2) At the time of Initial employment ing and measuring, medical records, and be ventilated and monitored so that the concentration of vinyl chloride Is reduced to a level within the protection factor capability of the protective equipment. or upon institution of screening, and an nually thereafter, a medical history checklist shall be completed by the em ployee. This list shall Include questions concerning: regulated area entry rosters and sum maries. shall be made available for ex amination and copying upon request to authorized representatives of the Assist ant Secretary and the Director. FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 39, NO. 91--FRIDAY, MAY 10, 1974 GENC 007601 16300 PROPOSED RULES (2> In the event that the employer (Secs. 6(8). 6(0), and (c). 4 0t*t. 1603. conservative limitation may no longer ceases to do business end there le no suc- 1506. 1600 <30 DAO.au, 667); Secretary at be applicable, tire FAA has instituted a cesror to receive and retain his records Labor's Order Ho. 13-71 (M FR 6764)) regulatory study protect to reevaluate for the prescribed period, these records Signed at Washington, D.C. this 6 th the limitation. The study will Include the shall be transmitted by registered mull day of May, 1371 factors originally considered in estab to the Director, and each employee Indi Job* Stxwdm, lishing the limitation as well as any other vidually notified in writing of this Assistant Secretary of Labor. factors found *. * r-'-ptinent. Those transfer. <3) Employees and their designated (7R Doc.74-10748 yu*d 6-6-74;8.45 etui factors originally considered include per tinent evacuation beets and demonstra representative* shall be provided aooees to and copy records of monitor DEPARTMENT OF tions, exterior slitfsr, the number, loca tion, and sire of aisles and passageways, ing and measuring. TRANSPORTATION and evacuation c in. leUa .illty. ' (41 Former employees shall be pro vided acces to examine and copy records Federal Aviation Administration Data available to the FAA on ln-servico evacuations, slide deployments, and reflecting their own exposures. [UCFRPsrt23] evacuation demonstrations indicate that (S) Upon written request ot any em [Docket No.18686; Hotloe 74-181 more than 100 passengers have 'r-'or. ployee, a copy of the medical record of such employee shall be furnished to a TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES evacuated through a Type A exit within 90 seconds. The data further indicate physician designated by the employee In such request. (q) Reports. (1) Not later than_____ ______ the following Information shall be reported to the OSHA Area Director. Any change in such Information shall be reported to the OBHA Area Director within IS days of such change. <11 The address and location of each establishment which has one or more regulated areas; and ell) The number of employees In -each regulated areaduring normal operations. fcoetatBng mefcrtaaance. <3) Incidents which result to the re lease of vinyl chloride Into ray area where employees may be exposed ahaU he reported in accordance with this para graph. (1) A report of the oocunence of the incident and the facts obtainable at that time Including' a report on any medical treatment of affected employees shall be made within 24 hours to the OSHA Area Director. <il> A written report shall he filed with the OSHA Area Director within 16 calendar days thereafter and shall in clude; " (A) A specification of the amount of material released; - <B> A description of the area involved, and the extent of known and potential employee exposure and area affected; (C) A report -on any medical troat- ment of affected employees and' any medical surveillance .program .imple mented; and (D) An analysis-of the circumstances at the Incident, and measures taken or to be taken, with specific completion dates, to avoid further similar releases. Type A Passenger Emergency Exit Capacity The FAA Is considering rule making to revise the passenger seating configura tion limit that Is applicable to Type A exits on transport category airplanes. Section* 26.807(c) (2) and (3) of the Federal Aviation 'Regulations (FARs) currently 'provide that Tar each pair of Type A exits (consisting of one on each jrtdft of The fuselage) the airplane may have a maximumpassenger seating con figuration of 100; ; This advance notice of proposed rule making is being Issued In accordance with the FAA's policy for early Institu tion of public proceedings in actions re lated to rule making. An "advance" no tice to Issued to Invite earfy-public par ticipation in tbe^iden&fieation and se lection erf a comae or alternate courses of action ' with vespeet to * particular rulemaking probten. , ' -Interested personsare invited to par ticipateta the TUleroaking toy submitting such writtendata, view*,or argument as they maydesire.'Oonununtoationa should identify the regulatory docket or notioe htraher mid be snhmlttod in duplicate -to: FederalAviation Administration, Of fice of. the Chief. Counsel, Attention: .Docket. AOC-24, 800 Independence Avenue, SW. Wadtington.' DC. OcauauTitcatians should be received on or before .July 6,1074, itescaBure vwer oenslderation., Ail 'eomrhwita submitted will he available, both before and after tee closing date foroommento, for xaminatiow hyintegested persons. :,Tbe regidatcry prsvlsians relating to.! Type A exits that are contained in < 26.307 of the Federal Aviation Regulations that Type A exit systems may have higher In-service reliability than was an ticipated at the time the limitation was established tn the regulations. However, the FAA believes It to Important to re view all relevant data on safety and cost consideration* that may be applicable to any proposed change In the Type A exit . passenger seating limitation. To this aid, the FAA soilaft* data, view*, and argu ments from all interested perrons on the questions set fOrth bolow. Soto compart ing a answer tftxxfid he submitted or identified mifitefcntiy that the FAA may ` obtainordevelop K,- 1. & the d*ftaV*flabto on evacuation 'teste tridto-terwloe Incidents that relate - to the evBOTAticn capacity <st Type A exfts wnder-emergency conditions indi cate that the 0 pmwwiger HmUations mtoaaMyWMdroagedr 2. What reBteUBty has been rieroon- strated fe^rypeAtozH toitem* ty serv ice experiencesad taste) 2. 'Whstf velatiaosbips rosy be estab lished between geftebUtty and passenger emergency cvnccatioo capabtaty of Type A r - 4. How would the emergency evacua tion capability of Type A exits be af fected to toeolftstociecues in passenger seating capacity and by specific pasren- gerstottng coaftetaatton oooridetatfcms? 6. Gf tteiie .arB other terser* that Bhouldbecooelded, howahmfld the rel evant datebeeetetedto the emergency evacuation capability of Type A exits? d.rlf !? commentator recommends speqtac.W^roitoT rereittlliis for coosid-erericn, Whateocruanlcand safety beneOba Penalties would he associated with TTnan completion of any monitoring were adopted to Amendment as-lS/ef- . .iaurh>g which discloses that any employee has actually been exposed to fccttroOetdber 34, 1067. That saaaaAmeat eJso estshUshed the provision, in detectable levels of vinyl chloride, each | 2iA03(c>, teatmamtectarecs show to such employee shall be lndlvidnally noti dsmamtiwticn that the marimam seat fied In writing. The notice shall: ing capacity of an airplane haring a ca (1) Be delivered not later than 10 working days after completion of the pacity of more that 44 passengers can be evacuated to the ground within 90 seconds, under conditions prescribed in ;' Tssutoto Waailngton. D.C., on May 2, TS74. ; C. Mm-porn, Jr.. Acting Director, Ftlpht Standards Service. [FR Dee.74-10707 Filed 6-8-74:8:46 ua| monitoring and measuring; the regulation. As discussed in the pre (U) State the actual exposure in terms amble to Amendment 26-15, the allow {24nt4tari39] of concentration and time; and able passenger seating limit of 1-00 that [Socket Wo. 74-ITW-4-AD1 (111) State the steps which have been was established for each pair of Type A taken, are being taken, and will be token, with specific completion dotes, to termi exists .was less than the evacuation ca pacity that had been demonstrated hy .test As a result of receiving data and AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES Boeing Model 737-100/200 Series Alq>lanes nate the exposure and prevent a recur information tending to Indicate that The Federal Aviation Administration rence. some of the considerations leading to the to considering amending Part 28 of the SEOCIAl REGISTER, VOL 39, NO. 93--FRIDAY, MAY ID, 1974 GENC Q07