Document 3NDDJKayQXZOk8XZ5E1JdEzVn

Built in 1902, New York's Soldiers and Sailors Monument on Riverside Drive has been subjected to the rigors of seacoast winters and the corrosive attacks of the industrial atmosphere surrounding the city ever since. Pro gressive deterioration of the marble used in the monument became an in creasingly urgent problem. A number of conferences of City Fathers with various experts associated with the Monuments Division of the Department of Parks finally resulted in necessarily drastic action. It was decided to refinish the entire structure. The work was begun in August. 1960, by a small group of skilled craftsmen under the direction of Mr. Walter Beretta. chief of the Monuments Divi sion. By shaving or chipping down the entire exterior surface of the stone work with pneumatic chisels for a depth of as much as Y in., they reached solid stone. This gave an en tirely new surface and restored the appearance of the original. No detail was neglected. Joints between blocks, sculptured pieces, cornice mouldings and belt courses were repointed and. in some cases, replaced entirely. Though no guarantee can be given that future onslaughts of freezing and thawing will not bring the stonework into a similar state of disrepair, neither these nor the ravages of air borne industrial wastes over any pe- Lead to the rescue of New York's famed Soldiers and Sailors Monument. More than eight tons of lead were used for roofing, calking, and waterproofing the 1902 edifice in its recent rehabilitation. Sequence of operations in reroofing with lead is shown at right. 1 -- Grooves were cut in the deteriorating marble roof to receive wood sleepers. 2 -- Four-pound hard lead was fastened to these with cleats. 3-The lead was formed into a radial lapping pattern with a locked cap-and-base treat ment at each change in roof level. 4 -- Nearing com pletion, the roof is seen to be a weather-proof, water proof sheath over the stone. riod of time can seriously impair the effectiveness of a complete roof of lead. Originally stone panels, the roof was stripped down and refinished with four pound sheet lead. Grooves were cut with a Skilsaw and wood sleepers let into them to provide positive fastening for the copper cleats holding the flat loose-locked seams in place. Since the plan of the roof is circular, joints in the lead were laid out on a radial pattern. In the other direction the roofing stones were lapped like shingles. In this case the lead was treated with a kind of cap and base technique at each change in levels. Photographs will illustrate these methods. In all. a total of 17.000 lb. of lead was used, about two thirds of it being four pound antimonial lead for the roof, the remainder being six pound material for use in foundations, under columns, etc. Another ton of lead w ool for calking and about twenty-five pounds of wire for burning were also consumed. It is well worth noting that back in 1902 when the monument was built, it ran over its budget. The total cost at the time, including an extra for all the approaches, all the land scaping and all the paving of terraces was 275,000. The cost to the City of New York for the recent repair and refinishing alone was SI,073,661 -- almost four times its original cost. 2-- -- Llfv2b2bq * Sz 't-*' T THE BEETLE Head-on view of Beetle shows the heavy lead-shielded cab in the extended position of its four stanchions. For scale, the lead gloss front window measures 30 x 36 in. Project Rover envisions a whole new generation of rockets and spacecraft powered by nuclear engines. The ad vantages of range and power for such rockets are obvious. The problem of maintenance for such huge intricate assemblies where radiation is a hazard are equally striking. Technical special ists mav be given free access to chemi cal rockets, but the men who work on nuclear rockets will have to be heavily shielded. To make the work possible at all, General Electric Company, working with the Air Force Special Weapons Center, has built a prototype 85-ton mobile robot. One man rides and guides the monster. He can make it lift a ton -- or pick up a nut and thread it on a bolt with the massive powered I arms of the device. Its name: Beetle. To protect him from radiation, the operator is encased in a 100,000 pound cab. With walls of lead a foot thick, this cab has five leaded glass windows, each two feet thick. The 6.2 density lead glass gives radiation protection equal to that of the lead. These win dows can be seen, one, 30 x 36 in., facing front and two, 24 x 30 in., on each side. Inside the cab are controls for driv ing the Beetle, raising, lowering, and turning the cab, and for manipulating the arms. These, together with ac cessory controls for the two motors, generator and hydraulic systems, air conditioners, radiation and communi cations equipment take up most of the room. Instead of windows to the rear, the Beetle is equipped with TV cam eras and a screen inside to aid in back ing up. Despite periscopes, with which the Beetle is also equipped, there will be jobs that call for looking around im possible corners. Beetle can do this, too. Confronted with the need to look at the back of an assemble, sav. it reaches into a special "breast pocket" and takes out a small TV camera with one hand, and simply holds it where it gives the best view. Another interesting aspect of the heavy lead shielding of the cab is that sound does not reach the operator. He has two microphones outside the cab and an amplifier and speaker inside (plus a warning horn for accidents) so that he can hear whether the motors are performing normally. Beetle has two other leaded glass windows on each side for wide field viewing by the operator. The periscopes (top center) and three TV cameras cugment his optical gear. Silent caddy has electric muscles Designed to effortlessly cart a bag of clubs around 18 holes, the battery-powered Caddy Master lets golfers enjoy a stroll around the links without burden. Its 12volt lead-acid battery has its own built-in charger and timing clock. The single handle responds to fingertip pressure: it steers the carrier and controls its speed to exactly match the pace of the golfer. Caddy Master is made by Toro Manufacturing Co., of Minneapolis. --3-- L I A262 70 Lead chemicals and rubber team up to put. . . SOMETHING NEW o A deteriorated roof was stripped to the concrete slab, primed and calked ... Glass mesh cloth was then bedded in a heavy coating of rubber, sealed in, and finished with a pastel Hypalon top coat. Lead chemicals are used to cure both the neoprene and Hypalon rubbers used. ----- ,r i If you want to give a roofing expert the horrors, specify a large flat roof with no pitch, no drains, and no expan sion joints, tell him that people -- especially women in sharp spike heels -- are going to walk on it. then point out that it absolutely must not leak or require any maintenance for at least ten Years or so. As an afterthought you might add that y o u would like it in a fade-proof pastel and that maintenance is to be an absolute minimum. If that set of specifications doesn t frighten the roofer, you can he sure that he has heard about the new fam ilies of lead-cured rubber chemicals now being used in such difficult situa tions. The two chemical families are the neoprene and Hypalon rubbers. Both of these chemical rubbers are cured bv lead chemicals. Usually tribasic lead maleale I 82 per cent lead I is used. M here requirements are really tough, litharge or red lead can be substituted for improved performance. As a gen eral rule about 40 parts of any of these cures 100 parts of Hypalon. Twenty to 25 parts will cure 100 parts of neo prene. All of the complications noted above had badly deteriorated a concrete roof deck over the office of the White Star Motel at M ildwood. New Jersey. Of course, this roof was subjected to salt sprav at its beachfront location, heated by intense summer sun, and trealec a boisterous hurricane now and ag, As a result, not only the roof surfaci but the concrete slab beneath cracked. Maintenance bills mourn kit And worse, potential guests at motel noted evidence of the leaks the office and sometimes suspec their rooms might leak too. A local building contractor, M T i usiak of Cam-I)en Glass of A il N. J.. suggested that a combination neoprene and Hvpalon would solve problem. The three photos show v he did. First the roof was stripf down to the bare slab and primed w neoprene coating. All cracks w calked with Hvpalon calking. Nexl heavx Saver of neoprene was appli and a 1 v-inch glass mesh cloth w about the same appearance as wind screen w as bedded in this. The gl was sealed in with another heavy la; of neoprene. Finally, two top coats Hvpalon. a pearly gray in this cl were applied and dusted with reflect glitters, while curing, for a decorat finish. With a 300 per cent elongation both neoprene and Hypalon, the sence of expansion joints in the 31 40 ft. roof poses no problem. The h tensile strength of the glass distrihi the load of people w alking on the s deck roof so that the resilient pla; does not suffer even under the transi LIA26271 Mote!- lie ROOF | psi loading of a woman wearing sbeels. 'Stripping away the old surface ap- natelv doubled the usual cost in case. Still, the cost was modest, on about 40c sq. ft. for new uction. Since the job was completed this r it offers no data about the duraof lead-cured rubber roofing, erience with other roofs indicates | chalkIciing rate of about 0.25 mil per tr... equivalent to a 20 year life, that time the only maintenance ssary is an additional topcoat, ac ed 1 cording to the manufacturer. Other Possibilities One of the attractions of the rubber i is the decorative possibility of tints to the basic white Hvpalon ig. A limited range of shades is available when the material is with litharge or red lead, accordt to the supplier. Chemical Coatings Engineering Co., of Media. Pa. Industrial jobs where color is not Important, neoprene cured with red or litharge and no Hvpalon top I* frequently a better performer. Mack coating has unusually good ice to standing water or imon and is inert to most of the on corrosives. Th e toughest test of all -- the test of time -- is proving that yellow traffic marking paint offers the ultimate in visibility, caution and safety. Rapidly, yellow is forging to the front for all kinds of traffic marking and control points, from highway no-passing lines to parking lot markings. The following requirements are es tablished by the June, 1961 issue of "Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways'" published by the Bureau of Public Roads, U. S. Department of Corn- Busy Madison Avenue in New York City uses o double yellow divider line and yellow to mark No Parking at bus stops. Fifth Avenue in front of the famous New York Library. All fifty states are rapidly converting to this method of marking, as are many cities. New York's two-wav avenues are being given the "double yellow center line" treatment. Westchester County is applying it to its parkway s and other four lane highways, ft is also being used in many of New York's suburbs. But aside from the Public Roads system, yellow7 finds many other useful pavement marking applications. Most guide lines for taxiing airplanes at major airporls are yellow. Parking spaces both on streets and in parking lots are more and more being deline ated in vellow. ft seems to make the driver more cautious about straddling lines and using too much space. Yellow traffic marking in factories to guide inplant vehicles like lift trucks and per sonnel carriers are becoming more popular as precautionary and safetymeasures. As the Public Roads Manual states: 'Yellow has been accepted as a sym bolic warning color in signs and signals." And it is no happenstance that basic lead chromate, know n as chrome yellow, is the pigment in these paints on which reliance is placed for the proper color and high visibility. --5-- Ll A26272 Lead enamels are on 24-hour guard duty at a narrow bridge on a twisting country road near Pleasant Corners, Pennsylvania. For nearly a year now this test section of porcelain enameled steel guard rail has been warning motorists approaching the narrowoverpass by the brilliant reflective qualities of its permanent white coat. Until recently, this rail could not have been protected with such a life time glass coating because the usual high firing temperatures reduce the strength of the steel. The advent of extra-low tempera ture lead-bearing enamels has opened -,'r; other section of porcelainized steel guard roil near Pleasant Corners, Pa. Attractive and maintenance-free, this rail of fers the protective strength of steel and the reflection of white porcelain. (Courtesy Bethlehem Steel Co.) entirely new fields of application for porcelain on steel. It was because of the superior qualities possessed by this enamel, e.g., good adherence, weather resistance and flexibility, that it was chosen for this job. The Erie Enameling Company, Erie. Pennsylvania did the enameling. The steel rails were fabricated by Bethlehem Steel Company's Lacka wanna, N. Y. plant, and were of regu lar guard rail analysis steel -- not a special enameling grade! Special steels were not required because the enamel used "fires" or matures several hun dred degrees below the annealing tem perature of ordinary steels. As an additional bonus, these enamels exhibit an ability to cover sharp corners and radii. The enamel was fired on the steel at about 1000F with total thickness of the finished coating from 4 to 9-mils. No problems were experienced in either the fabrication or the installa tion of this unique guard rail, and it is expected to retain its glossv finish and never peel or darken. At the present time, only a few enameling firms throughout the coun try are equipped to enamel steel at these low temperatures. It is on the merits of this guard rail application and other tests now in progress that predictions of a hig future for this enamel are being made. - Entrance df.Boston, - If you fly to Boston and then taxi downtown, you're sure to see and travel through the new Lt. William F. Callahan. Jr. vehicular tunnel under Boston Harbor. You may also notice the 5500 ft. of bright yellow police railing that accompanies you through the tunnel. Made of porcelain enameled steel, these railings were coated with a lead-bearing enamel in order to achieve the precise shade of yellowspecified by the Massachusetts Turn pike Authority to match the yellow tile walls. Regular 1600F leaded enamels were used on this railing because of their "long firing" range and excellent coverage on radii. These enamels are highlv acid-resistant, and will with stand the salt, water, grease and dirt hurled bv the spinning wheels of nearly 10 million vehicles which use the tunnel yearly. The tunnel was built by the Marine Division of Perini Corp., Framingham. Mass., and was completed in November, 1961. 6-- -- 11 \\ Canary yellow police railing In newly complel Callahor. Tunnel is protected from rust and c roslon by leaded porceloln enamel. (Courtesy Pi Corp.) Advantages of shop prefobricoiion show up as this plumber uses a pneumatic tool to calk oakum into a cast iron pipe joint. Here, the joint has been installed in the "plumbing wall" and is receiving molten lead prior to final calking. PREFABRICATED PLUMBING SYSTEMS How much easier is it to do a good job in a well equipped shop than it is to do a good job at a building site? If you are talking about plumbing sys tems. the answer is about 20 per cent -- at least that is the dollar savings available to builders who elect to buy whole prefabricated plumbing systems from Kingsberry Homes Corp.. of Fort Payne. Alabama, as a part of Kings berry's complete manufactured home package. It works this way. Builders within a thirteen state Southeastern area select the Kingsberry plans best suited to their development from Kingsberry's line of more than 80 plans, ranging in *i*e from 884 to 2400 sq. ft. On re ceiving a plumbing package order, Kingsberry details the job in accord ance with local building practice and code requirements. From this detailed plan, Kingsberry completely fabri cates the whole plumbing wall, tests tb and ships it ready for fast instal lation and connection. The cost of these assemblies is S400 to $600, a savings of about $100 on most jobs. Prices depend, of course, on the number of baths the house plan calls for. Experience with the prefab ricated units has shown that installa tion time on the job is cut from three to two days for the plumbing crew. And, of course, the plumbing contrac tor hired by the local builder for the installation, saves warehousing, sales expense, material costs and call backs. Lead's flexibility lends itself so readily to prefabrication that it is widely used in these plumbi.ig instal lations. Kingsberry uses about 200 tons of lead a year in the form of calking lead for cast iron pipes, lead bends and stubs as water closet con nections, P-traps for bath tubs, sheet lead for shower pans, and roof vent flashings. Specific uses of the lead vary from job to job, depending on local practice and code requirements. While Kingsberry is best known for its manufactured houses, which are shipped as components ready to be erected, the availability of its plumb ing system has played a large part in the rapid growth of the company's sales. In 1961 Kingsberry Homes showed a sales increase of 62%, and in 1962. sales are running more than 50%i ahead of 1961. Plumbing pack age sales are more than keeping pace with Kingsberry's rapid expansion. -- 7-- LIA26274 Lead in the Parachute Pack Close up of the five-spring opening bond. The springs next to it are identical to those covered by the cloth. Understandably, parachutes and the hardware associated with them are manufactured to the tightest sort of specifications. Imagine the difficultv. for example, of turning out perfect springs only Vs of an inch wide from tough, springy 302 stainless steel wire 0.015 in. in diameter. J. . Bernston & Company, a manufacturer of these special parachute springs found that springback of the wire caused poor coil alignment. Variations of tensile strength made differences in the coil diameter vary noticeably, too. By changing to identical wire with a lead coating supplied by The Carpen ter Steel Company. Bernston has elimi nated coil variations and achieved a production rate 25 per cent higher than was formerly possible. As an added bonus the lubricating lead coat ing aids in slipping the springs into place in the nylon pack. LIBRARY OF TECHNICAL INFORMATION ; UiJiUiiJJ VUiiU The following publications are available free of charge unless otherwise noted. Send request to the 1 LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION, 292 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK 17, N. Y. NEW LISTINGS Transducers for ultrasonics One page reprint describes operating principle and uses of lead zirconote titinate for ultra sonic cleaning. New uses for lead Current uses and markets for lead are sur veyed in four page reprint. Thermoelectric materials today Four page review of thermoelectric materials technology including uses for lead telluride. GENERAL Lead in modern industry (request on company letterhead, please) 230 pages, hardboard. Describes all phases of the production and uses of lead, its alloys and compounds. Design engineering data BATTERIES Electric delivery trucks Truck costs in a jiffy The choice of battery systems CONSTRUCTION Building construction bulletins 1. Specifications - lead waste connections, plumbing 2. Specifications - lead shower and safe pans 3. Specifications-chemical laboratory drain age systems Lead work for modern plumbing $2.00 postpaid. $1.50 per copy in orders of 10 or more. Materials of construction reviews Lead and its alloys in design and construc tion for research and engineering use. Seamless terne for roofing Lead to control sound and vibration l Sheet lead for roofing and flashing Lead plumbing ENGINEERING Corrosion data -- lead & alloys Methods of lead lining tanks Lead-asbestos anti-vibration pads Cutting press vibrations Oilless bearings -- helicopters 1000CF bearings Nuclear materials Amazing new spark pump All about lead welding FINISHES Decorative finishes for lead Red lead based paint systems UPON REQUEST, THE LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION WILL BE GLAD TO MAIL "LEAD" REGULARLY, FREE OF CHARGE, TO THOSE INTERESTED, AND WILL COOPERATE WITHOUT OBLIGATION IN THE SOLUTION OF YOUR LEAD PROBLEMS. Reproduced by letterpress from lead type. PRINTED IN l.S.A. PUBLISHER? PRINTING -- ROGERS KELLOGG CORP. LONG ISLAND CITY 1, N. V. LI A26275