Document 3JX8gjVywXpQgja98yy73LbND

n *'*<- rua Makers Continued .'torn Page 4 ,, (or specifier! tyres of containers. The ..,!> standard includes ,*st procedures .^rested Units fer "tight containers" ll-ckse<1 containers". ngency is proposing that informamanufacturers jupply pharma- ! the type of container to be used may terms of specific materials, contain- - in terms included in the official com- ;j tc define suitable containers e.g.. .rrve in a tight container" tilt case of containers too small or .vise enable to accomodate a label sufficient space to bear this informa nt which are packaged within an container from which they are re- j for dispensing or use, this informa- may be contained in other labeling on thin the package from which it is to be nsed. Vanamid to Construct Continued from Page 4 'ulfosuccinate surface active agents, ruction will begin later this year, and ,ant is scheduled to be in operations by :th this major addition, Cyanamid will ,-oducin^ surface active agents at five located to meet rapidly growing dethroughout the country. Cyanamid's .- surfactant manufacturing facilities located in Azusa, Calif.; Charlotte, ; Linden, N.J., and Wallingford, Conn. Solar Energy Plan Continued from Page 7 nstration building, costing $90,000. It e completed by next spring, roiecter! third phsss, net yzi fundevi participants, will be a six to ten: u.lding. The ultimate goal of the exontal structures is a commercial :;se office building with economies to - the higher energy-saving construcosts. >Vith the rising cost of electricity, accounts for about SO percent of a rg's heating-and air conditioning exund with natural gas now too valuandustrial feedstock to use for space '. the participants in this commer -ir building experiment expect solar and cooling to be an economic and cal reality by the 1980's, "Mr. Pulver *\ SPOT STOCK REAM OF TARTAR ROCHELLE SALT TARTARIC ACID and various tartrates ' c~?\ i HtRUC-A-N TARTARS 1910 .y-CrHiActyn ceKington Ave.. New York. N. Y. 1C017 (212) 679 2550 A. fIf ancer Continued from Page 15 says he is mizzied by the findings of his company's study, lie doesn't see any evi dence that people's li"es were shortened by exposure to arsenic since the longevity rate among the Aided workers studied was com parable to that of a "healthy" population. Health Research Group's Sidney Wolfe takes exception tc this last observation, noting that longevity rates do not take into consideration the age at which people may have been exposed to arsenic or any other carcinogen. The latency period for lung cancer is twenty years. The significant thing about the two in dustry studies, according to Dr. Wolfe and others, is that an exceedingly high propor tion of deaths were caused by cancer. "No one thinks longevity is a worthwhile indica tor," continues Dr. Wolfe, calling the lon gevity issue a "typical dodge used to ob scure the fact that these people died of can cer." In addition, says Dr. Wolfe, the Dow And Allied reports provide additional reasons for reducing the standard of exposure to ar senic to zero. Health Research Group, a Washington, D.C.-based consumer organi zation, takes a consistent position that there is no safe exposure level above zero to any known carcinogen. The HRG posi tion is supported by the National Cancer In stitute and, more important to industry, by the Oil Chemical & Atomic Workers Union. HRG and OCAW have frequently chided OSHA for not taking action on recommen dations of workplace safety standards pro posed by NIOSH, most recently when it be came known last month that during the 1972 presidential election campaign, OSHA as sistant Secretary Gouige C. Guenther had proposed holding off on issuing occupation al safety standards in order to encourage industry to contribute to the Nixon re-elec tion campaign. HRG believes that this proposal was car ried out and cited the case of arsenic as "particularly illustrative" of OSHA's refus al to act on NIOSH recommendations that exposure levels be lowered. OCAW's response to the findings of the latest industry reports is predictable. The new data, says OCAW's Steven Wodka, "backs up what many scientists thought all along, namely that arsenic causes cancer. There was plenty of information around about the dangers of arsenic before and we should have had a more stringent standard a long time ago." OCAW health researcher Jeanne Stellman is also impressed by the Allied and Dow statistics and especially by the inci dence of lung cancer revealed, which she notes is several times the incidence of lung cancer among cigarette smokers. Only one in thirty smokers on the average die of lung cancer compared with one out of every 2.2 deaths surveyed in the Allied study and one in 6.2 in the Dow study. Mr. Wodka says OCAW is considering petitioning OSHA to issue an emergency standard on arsenic. "There's no sense in treating it as any different from vinyl chlo ride or asbestos," he concludes,"and there's no sense in delaying." i Hicrh-'suriiv TitiP (dicydopentadiene and methylcyciope the dimer forms of C? and MCP, chemicals whose varied and interestir, dons have many useful applications. CP and MCP Alder reactio anhydride, eth) vinyl compounc They also reacr and undergo ox: Monomer in rub dons and resin r. For more application informatic Chefnical Company U.S.A., P.G. B ton, Texas 77001. EJftOPJ CHEMICALS Specialty chemicals EXCLUSIVE U.S. SOURCE ya Manufactured by Nippon Haiogonics Chemical Co., Robeco Chemical 51 MADISON AVE., NEW YORK. CABLE ADDRESS "RODRUG" N.V- ' 212-683-7500 BFG26608 BS% USB BCk a m ye*. I< I t .80:' < ' v ua j s-*- n DEPARTMENT BUILDING FOR YOUR APPROVAL FOR YOUR SIGNATURE PER YOUR REQUEST ^FOR YOUR INFORMATION TAKE APPROPRIATE ACTION PREPARE REPLY FOR MY SIGNATURE RETURN WITH MORE DETAILS ANSWER INVESTIGATE AND REPORT NOTE ANO RETURN TO ME NOTE ANDSEE ME ABOUT THIS a NOTE AND FILE TELEPHONE PLEASE CALL MR. MRS. MISS TIME CALLED n ~ Tr r wk\ TELEPHONE NO. 97/t/hy' SSXGE TRANSMITTAL AND TELEPHONE SLIP SFG-3972-B 8/72 PRINTED ' N U.S.A. BFG26609 Engineering' SKID-MOUNTED monomer recovery unit is headed for installation at Tenneco vinyl plant. Putting VCM emissions on skids New methods of controlling VCM emissions are being developed, but allowable level in air still has not been set by OSHA With the final standard for workers' ex posure to vinyl chloride monomer sched uled for promulgation next month by the Labor Dept.'s Occupational Safety and Health Administration, engineering firms and vinyl producers are hard at work ex ploring alternative methods of reducing plant emissions. Because no one knows how low the standard will be, the best that plant man agement Can do right now is to improve housekeeping procedures (e.g., tightening leaks). But they have a good idea of what they must shoot for in developing new techniques. OSHA's proposed standard is "no detectable level," which translates to 1 ppm. because of present limitations of measuring equipment. The industry says it would be forced to shut down if such a standard were en forced, contending that a 1-ppm. limit is technically impossible to meet. It's claimed that 1.7-2.2 million jobs would be eliminated, as would production val ued at $65-90 billion/year. Through the Manufacturing Chemists Assn., the in dustry has recommended a maximum emission limit of 25 ppm. which would be reduced to 10 ppm. in three years. , Ready for Trial: Among the techniques now under trial is activated carbon ad sorption. Calgon, for example, has re ported successful studies of monomer ad sorption from vent gases. The monomer is regenerated with steam. But vinyl pro ducers say they can't determine how well the system will work commercially until it is proved in major demonstration units. One such unit, designed, fabricated and skid-mounted by Chemical Design (Lockport, N.Y.), is currently being in stalled at the new polyvinyl chloride plant Tenneco Chemicals is building at Pasadena, Tex. (also see p. 80). Tenneco's laboratory work indicates that almost all the vinyl chloride monomer can be re moved from purge gas streams--with a level of 5 ppm. "possibly" attainable. Whether the same result can be achieved on a commercial scale remains to be seen. Tenneco must obtain an operating permit from Texas Air Pollution Control Board; no problems are expected. Another method of controlling VCM emissions is offered in the new PVC man ufacturing process developed by Robintech (Ft. Worth). The technique, called Rocor IKC (in-kettle compound), com bines the two commonly used steps--resin making and incorporation of additives. The company is close-mouthed about details, but claims that PVC made by the process virtually eliminates worker expo sure to VCM at the fabrication point. Robintech uses the method in its Paines- ville, 0., plant, says it has received word 66 CHEMICAL WEEK September 18, 1974 from the U.S. Patent Office that approval of the patent application on the process will be granted. Drive for Completion: Stauffer Chem ical is looking into new methods of clean ing up monomer from vent gas streams, but also is trying to get down to funda mentals. Executive Vice-President Har old S. Mickley says the company has had a research and development task force at work for months trying to find answers to basic questions such as: "Can you drive the polymerization reaction to comple tion?" If it is possible to achieve complete polymerization, the problems of down stream cleanup can be eliminated. Walter Schlegel, assistant process engi neer at Crawford & Russell (Stamford, Conn.), explains that major trouble spots are at four primary points in the manu facturing process: (1) slurry holding tanks, (2) dryer, (3) reactor (during rou tine cleaning between batches), (4) recov ery system for process vent gases. `Theoretically, you could blow a hurri cane of air through the plant and elimi nate the worker exposure problem, but that would only transfer the problem somewhere else," says Stauffer's Mickley. In fact, the cleanup problem is compli cated, since vinyl makers will have to meet Environmental Protection Agency regulations on air quality outside the plant, as well as OSHA's standard for worker exposure. EPA's standard, which was to have been issued on Aug. 15, still was not ready at CWs press time. The agency has monitored plants in many locations, has indicated that air quality seems satisfactory, so the cleanup approach is centered on bottling up the VCM as completely as possible within the process. In the Plant: PVC resin is produced by four polymerization processes: suspen sion (which is used in more than 75% of the tonnage now made), emulsion, solu tion and bulk. Polymerization takes place in a reactor (usual capacity: 2,000:5,000 gal., although newer units hold as much as 35,000 gal.). Reaction temperatures are 120-150F; operating pressures, 110-160 psig. The reaction proceeds to about 8590% VCM conversion, at which time un reacted monomer is removed from the unit (All plants have VCM recovery sys tems composed of a series of compressors and condensers.) The polymerized slurry is removed from the reactor, dewatered in a centri fuge and then dried with a stream of hot air. All reactors must be cleaned, which is BFG26610 i I i to w & O Engineering one point of possible worker exposure. Cleaning frequency ranges from every five batches to 50. Older reactors often are scraped manually. But C&R's Schlegel says that this cleaning method is giv ing way to high-pressure water and wa ter-detergent systems. Some plants use solvents, such as tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl formamide, or ethylene dichlo ride, to remove baked-on polymer and absorb unreacted monomer. But this sub stitutes one problem for another: the solvent must be recovered. The new, large (e.g., 35,000 gal.) reac ton are more easily cleaned than small ones because water jets can be positioned more effectively. Also, larger quantities of resin can be produced before cleaning is necessary. Perhaps the biggest source of head aches, however, is the cleaning of the huge quantity of air that has been used in drying the resin. For example, a plant may use 40,000 cu.ft./minute of air. The air may be contaminated with only 10-15 lbs./hour of monomer that must be re moved after it leaves the rotary dryer. To overcome this problem, vinyl producers are working on methods of removing monomer before the resin reaches the dryer. Chemical Design suggests another ap proach: dehydrate air from the rotary dryers to ambient air moisture level and recycle it to the dryers. A bleed of 2,0002,500 cu.ft./ minute could be removed from the recycle stream for cleanup in an activated carbon adsorption system. The company says that without dehydration, an adsorption system to clean up 70,00080,000 cu.ft./minute of air contaminated with 250-300 ppm. of VCM would re quire a capital investment of almost $3 million. On the other hand, an adsorption sys tem for 2,000-2,500 cu.ft./minute of bleed air contaminated with 665 lbs./ hour of VCM would cost $600,000- 700,000. Dehydration equipment would add $300,000-500,000 to the cost. The final vent gas streams from vinyl plants can be refrigerated to remove most remaining VCM, but other methods are being investigated. Remote Operation: Some of the new processing methods that undoubtedly will be developed during coming months may involve remote operation of plants. Ac cording to Robert A. Allen, vice-presi dent of World-Wide Construction Ser vices (Wichita, Kan.), technology has been developed to operate new, large re actors from remote, isolated control rooms. The control areas could be 300 ft. or more from the reaction area. However, Allen told a group of engi neers at an American Institute of Chem ical Engineers conference on hazardous materials last month that remote oper ation could create new problems. Rea son: operators would no longer be close to potential trouble spots. He said these problems might be offset by use of closed-circuit television, highly sensitive vapor detectors and microphones that could provide audiomonitoring in the control room. Vinyl producers already are spending heavily for new monitoring devices, in addition to following general house keeping procedures recommended by the Dept..of Health. Education and Welfare's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NIOSH developed these recommendations for B.F. Good rich's Louisville, Ky., plant, where the VCM-cancer link was first discovered in workers. Of the 24 cases of angiosarcoma, a rare liver cancer, that have been reported, only one involved a worker at a mono mer plant (in Sweden). Of the other cases, 20 have been in PVC plants, two in compounding and fabricating operations and one (in West Germany) in an aerosol pesticide container-filling operation that used VCM as a propellant No one seems to be certain of the max imum dosage of VCM that produces can cer. Joseph Wagoner, chairman of NIOSH's occupational carcinogen com mittee, says, "I'm sure 25 ppm. will show cancer." And he warns that there is no way to demonstrate the safe level of a carcinogen (CW\ July 31, p. 19). But whether OSHA decides to set the standard at the level recommended by in dustry, or adopt one that is considerably lower, vinyl producers will have to de velop production methods and VCM re covery systems that will fill the bill. Plant shutdowns would seem to be the only other alternative. Producers and representatives of labor agree that self-contained air-supply packs, similar to those used by astronauts, could not be used in vinyl plants because the workers couldn't function. And there is no substitute material available to take PVC's place for many applications. As Arthur D. Little (Cam bridge, Mass.) puts it: "It would not be possible to duplicate the exact properties of vinyl plastic products by using substi tute raw materials." Whether PVC users will be forced to face up to making do with substitute ma terials remains to be seen. 23B17002 -- MERCAPTO COMPOUNDS SULFIDES MERCAPTO ACIDS THIOLS THIOL ACIDS THIO COMPOUNDS Whatever your requirements --hundreds to hundreds of thousands of pounds--check with Evans! Evans can probably make it for you! Send for catalog listing chemicals we make on a commercial scale. cHemeTics, irve. 90 Tokeneke Road Darien, Connecticut 06820 Phone: 203-555-87'4i Cable1 eVANSCHEM TWX: 710-457 3356 X. -............ / September 18, 1974 CHEMICAL WEEK 71 BFG26611 Top of the news Showdown on vinyl plant rule presages shutdowns Newly issued advisory reports hint at compromise in fight to curb vinyl chloride fumes, but battle may continue in court. Industry insists OSHA's proposal would be ruinous The bitter controversy over worker ex fects of the proposed standard. This re els; and there are no technology transfer posure to vinyl chloride gas may climax port does not discount the possibility of a opportunities to permit development of on Oct. 5 when the U.S. Dept, of Labor is level higher than the 1 ppm. implicit in design for no detectable levels in new expected to set permanent standards for "no detectable level." But it concludes plants. Moreover, Snell says that because the 17 U.S. plants that produce the mono that anything higher is a risk to workers. PVC manufacture is a batch operation, mer, the 37 that polymerize it to make "Despite significant cost increases that emissions couldn't be completely elimi polyvinyl chloride resins, and the thou may occur, the high demand for PVC nated. sands of plants that mold, extrude and resins is likely to continue," the report Something to Live With: Those conclu otherwise shape those PVC resins into states. sions would seem to support a compro plastic pipe, vinyl flooring, house siding The Environmental Protection mise regulation that the vinyl makers and phonograph records. Agency's notification that within nine could live with--perhaps not too happily. The controversy has raged since last months it will set VCM plant emission But probably because of the imminence January, when medical data apparently standards that could add 4% to the cost of of the Labor Dept.'s new regulations, in established a link between workers' expo PVC. This would seem to preclude the dustry representatives were reluctant to sure to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) engineering possibility of venting all the discuss Snell's final report, noting that and angiosarcoma, a rare liver cancer. in-plant VCM leaks to the atmosphere. they haven't had time to examine it. And last week the scores of chemical Double Negative: OSHA's proposed Nor did they have much time to react and plastic companies that have a stake goal of operating monomer and polymer to Snell's preliminary report, which con in this $3-billion/year business were plants at no detectable level of vinyl chlo tained pretty much the same data used in given some inkling of whether the gov ride exposure is "not feasible," according the final report but did not contain any ernment will stay with the 50-ppm. emer to Snell. Moreover, the firm's analysis in conclusions. OSHA issued the prelimi gency standard, adopt the proposed "no dicates that the U.S. industry would com nary report Aug. 28, called for response detectable level" by Sept. 6. Never- limit or move to some compromise position. Whatever m & ^^^^------m theless, industry OSHA's vinyl standards impact: higher costs, fewer plants leaders submitted comments, and these standards are set could determine the profitability of pro ducing and process ing vinyl compounds Proposed VCM exposure standard* (ppm.) Time- weighted Maximum average increase in average unit costs (cents/lb.) Loss of Direct productivity Total1 Time needed to comply (months) Proportion of industry endangered1 were generally nega tive and caustic. One point of con tention in the prelim inary report was the in the U.S. for many years and are likely to be attacked in the federal courts, either by the companies or the labor unions in volved. Monomer plants 50 15 25 15 10 2-5 "No detectable amount" Polymer plants 0.04 0.09 0.17 - 0.03 0.03 0.15 - 0.07 10% 0.12 40% 0.32 i40% 0 24 36 Not feasible 0% 0% 0% 100% use of Firestone data for bringing a PVC plant into com pliance with a no-detectable-level stan dard. Firestone, Snell reported, was the Conflict: As to exactly what stan dards will be promul gated next week, various indications-- sometimes contra dictory-can be found in three newly issued reports: Foster D. Snell's 50 - 25-40 15-25 15-25 10-15 "No detectable amount' 0.19 0.36 0.90 4.01! 0.35 0.49 0.70 3.07' 0.54 20% 0.85 35% 1.60 50% 7.08 75%' 0-6 30 30 3048' Negligible 4% 26% 100% Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) content, expressed as parts per million, In the air to which employees are exposed. xWlth estimated range of variance for individual plants, based on partial statistical analysissof data. 'Percentage of capacity that management would seriously considar shutting down. 3 Based on Firestone's estimates: actual compliance is not considered feasible. Source: Foster D. Snell, Inc. _____ only company that said it could meet such a standard. Firestone replied that studies of its poly merization plants in Pottstown, Pa., and Perryville, Md., actually indicated a contrary judgment. final report to the Occupational Safety pletely collapse under that restrictive Declares a Firestone executive: "Inde and Health Administration on the eco standard, with all producers indicating pendent of economic considerations and nomic impact of the agency's proposed they would have to close their plants. despite enormous equipment, engineer VCM exposure standards. A principal The study offers several reasons for ing and process changes at both facilities, conclusion: "achieving no detectable lev reaching these conclusions: technology to costing in excess of S50 million, it is not els .. . is judged not feasible, both in eliminate VCM leaks and fugitive losses possible to achieve the drastic exposure PVC and VCM sectors." The Occupational Health and Safety is not available; existing plants have not levels required by the proposed standard, been designed for total VCM contain based on engineering controls and tech Administration's final environmental im ment; there has been no operating expe nology that now exist." pact statement on the physiological ef rience in maintaining very low VCM lev Firestone, No. 5 in PVC output, has September 25, 1974 CHEMICAL WEEK 15 BFG26612 T008T9EZ Top of the news some differences with the rest of industry on the exposure level standards that would be manageable. Industry generally supports the Society of the Plastics Indus try's proposal: that the present temporary emergency standard of 50 ppm. be low ered in several stages to 25 ppm. for PVC plants by Oct. 5, 1975, with further impo sition of a time-weighted average limit of 10 ppm. Standards for VCM production, says SPI, could be more restrictive--10 ppm. by October 1975, and a timeweighted average (twa.) of 5 ppm. T.C. Walker, president of Firestone Plastics, says that a "safe and medically sound--as well as technologically and ec onomically feasible--standard" is 40 ppm. maximum exposure and 25-ppm. twa. Snell's analysis offers data on several alternatives, maintaining the SPI distinc tion between VCM and PVC plants (table, p. IS). Cost data indicate that VCM makers can manage with a 10-ppm. limit and a 2-5-ppm. twa. without closing any plants. Meeting such a standard would increase their average unit manu facturing cost by an estimated 0.32C/lb., which is about 4-5% of the present range (7-104/lb.) of list prices for various grades of VCM. For polymer producers, however, some plant closings may be necessary when the present emergency standard is tightened. According to the Snell study, at an expo sure limit of 25-40 ppm. and a 15-25 twa., 4% of the existing PVC plants may have to be shut down. This might not be too disastrous, considering that 58% of the in dustry's plants are more than 10 years old, and only 8% are less than five years old. But for an exposure limit of 15-25 ppm. and a twa. of 10-15 ppm., 26% of the PVC plants could face the axe. Snell's survey indicates that with this standard, unit costs of PVC would increase 1.64/lb., or about 4-8%, at those plants that can take the needed engineering changes. At some older, smaller batch op erations, the companies say it would be impossible to reach such a low exposure level without building a new plant. At certain plants, Snell believes, the addi tional cost might be 50% more or less than the 1.64/lb. average. Schedule Makers: Snell estimates it will take VCM plants up to three years to achieve what it considers the lowest achievable level. For PVC plants, the es timate is two and a half years. This is based on engineenng estimates of installation time for various kinds of apparatus to reduce exposure levels at 16 CHEMICAL WEEK September 25, 1974 PVC plants. Examples: major ventilation system improvement, 18 months; replace ment or reconditioning of reactors, 18-24 months. Overly Optimistic? Some companies contend that these estimates are overly optimistic in light of today's materials shortages and delivery delays. Observes a Firestone executive: "Individual com pany confidence in being able to attain compliance with even the SPI recommen dations has been eroding as lead times for obtaining equipment expand, as capi tal costs rise rapidly, and as the prospect for financing these projects becomes dim mer." meet new in-plant and emission standards. Industry criticism has also centered on Snell's projection of cost data to meet projected standards. The figures are said to be heavily weighted in favor of newer plants and suspension homopolymeriza tion units in warmer climates. Such plants could probably be most readily adapted to meet a more stringent exposure stan dard. Separate Standards: The proposed nodetectable-level standards would be ap plicable to VCM and PVC plants as well as fabricators. But the Snell study follows the SPI proposal of separate standards for VCM and PVC plants. Reasoning is based on relative ease of controlling emissions at VCM plants, which are generally closed systems, oper ating in the open air. Leaks may occur around pump packings, during samplings or maintenance operation, or at tank-car loadings. The batch operation of PVC plants involves continuous emptying and recharging of autoclaves and frequent in spections and cleaning out of these reac tors. Chance of VCM exposure in these plants is high even in the packing areas. While separate standards would seem reasonable to manufacturers, the prac ticality of this approach is limited. It's un likely that labor groups, strongly in favor of the no-detectable level and opposed to the concept of a threshold level for any carcinogen, could accept different expo sures for workers in various plants. Outside Plant: If the vinyl producers solve their in-plant exposure problems, they will still have to deal with monomer gas escaping from the plant. EPA Admin istrator Russell Train said last week that his agency will set standards for vinyl chloride plant emissions by next June. And without firm data on health effects of VCM at various levels in the atmo sphere, Train is proposing that the stan dards be based on "best available tech nology." EPA's survey of air and water around 10 PVC plants indicated VCM air levels of 1 to 2 ppm. Through those emissions, the agency estimates, PVC plants are los ing monomer at the rate of 200 million lbs./year. With controls, EPA says emissions from PVC and VCM plants could be cut 75% and 90%, respectively. Capital out lays for these controls are put at $80 mil lion for the industry as a whole, with op erating expenses estimated at some $40 million/year. John Nelson, vice-president for manu facturing at B.F. Goodrich Chemical, ap proves of Train's analysis, especially the statement that there is "no imminent haz ard" from VCM exposure in the atmo sphere. But if OSHA's no-detectable-level pro posal becomes the law, the vinyl chloride industry might have to re-evaluate its do mestic production. Although industry spokesmen have warned of extensive shutdowns if such a standard is adopted, OSHA's environmental impact statement merely suggests that the costs will be high but will be passed on to the consumer, and that the time needed to reach the standards would be long. But this report also suggests that "in the long run U.S. companies might find it profitable to build plants abroad." Clearly, this will depend not only on tra ditional market and raw-material logis tics but also on whatever in-plant and emission standards are put in force in the U.S. and other nations. BFG26613 Zi)081SZ i up u\ me i icwa New suit for dye makers Calina Industries, a New Y.ork-based warp-knit fabrics manufacturer, filed suit this month against eight of nine big dye makers indicted for price fixing by a fed eral grand jury in July (CW Business Newsletter, July 24). The Calina suit is a class action brought on behalf of "all pur chasers of dyes from one or more of the defendants or their coconspirators" since early 1970. Defendants include Du Pont, Baychem (now Mobay Chemical), Allied Chem ical, American Cyanamid, BASF Wyan dotte, Ciba-Geigy, Crompton & Knowles and GAF. American Color & Chemical (jointly owned by North American Phil ips and Koppers) was the only company not named in the civil action. Like the federal complaint, Calina's suit charges that Du Pont officials began sounding out mother dye makers on the possibility of ran across-the-board price boost in 1970. and that the defendants, along with some other firms, conspired to push through price increases shortly thereafter. !: : T V Calina says that as a result of the al leged conspiracy, it and others in the class action have been,' and continue to be, overcharged for the dyes they purchase. The suit seeks treble damages and urges the court to enjoin the dye makers from future conspiracy on pricing. A spokesman for Du Pont says his company has not had time to thoroughly study the Calina complaint. The primary area of concentration is still the federal complaint, he adds. Lawyers for Calina declined to give further details. Bitter news for Abbott Last., November, Abbott Laboratories called a press-conference to report that the company was formally petitioning the Food and Drug Administration to reverse its 1969 ban on marketing of cyclamates (CW, Nov. 21,~I9?3rp, IS). Spokesmen presented 16 volumes of test reports-- stacked impressively on a table--which they said would convince FDA that cy clamates were safe. Last week, 'however, Abbott's high hopes were jolted. FDA informed the company that it considered the test re ports inconclusive and recommended that Abbott withdraw its petition. FDA said it wanted more convincing data, such as lifetime animal feeding studies, which could require several years to conduct. "We have concluded that questions about the cancer-causing potential of cy clamates still are unresolved," FDAo Commissioner Alexander Schmidt said, v Abbott Executive Vice-President Charles S. Brown responded that the ad ditional research requested by FDA is "neither reasonable nor required by sci entific judgment." He requested a meet ing with FDA officials as soon as pos sible. Partly in anticipation of a favorable de cision by FDA, Abbott restarted cycla mates production at its North Chicago, 111., plant in January. Most of the output so far has gone to customers in several European countries where no bans exist. These customers had been supplied from pre-ban stockpiles. FDA's thumbs-down may short-circuit Abbott's plans to send similar petitions to governments of other nations that have banned cyclamates. The company had been holding off until it got a reply from FDA. Potential cyclamate sales--which the company had expected to reach $16 mil lion/year, the pre-ban level--have not been included in sales estimates for 1974 or 1975, Abbott said. No letup in price hikes The wholesale price index for chem icals and allied products climbed to a sea sonally unadjusted 158.5 in August from 148.4 in July (1967 = 100), the Dept, of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics re ported last week. The corresponding Au gust 1973 figure was 111. Leading the parade in price hikes for specific chemical commodities were in edible fats and oils, which moved from an index of 347.4 in July to 380.2 in Au gust, and plastic resins and materials, which rose from 147.5 to 160.7. Other big gainers were agricultural chemicals and products, which jumped from 131 in July to 142 in August; and in dustrial chemicals, from 155.5 to 167.8. Some CPI segments registered more modest price gains. Examples: drugs and pharmaceuticals edged up to 115.3 in Au gust from 112.7 in July; and prepared paint to 152.3 from 149.7. One commod ity that scarcely changed was paint mate rials: to 155.9 from 155.4. Among other related products, pulp, paper and allied products lose from 153.3 in July to 162.9 in August; nonferrous metals, from 198.4 to 200.4; refined pe troleum products, from 239.4 to 243.9. For all commodities, the wholesale price index moved up to 167.4 in August, 17.8% above the August 1973 level. Compliance complaint On Oct. 5, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration is slated to issue a standard for worker exposure to vinyl chloride (also see p. 66). As that date ap proaches, controversy is erupting over an OSHA-sponsored economic impact re port, issued in preliminary form late last month by Foster D. Snell, Inc. Snell polled 23 polyvinyl chloride pro ducers on the costs of complying with various hypothetical exposure standards and indicated that imposition of the "no detectable level" standard, proposed by OSHA in May, might well close down the entire industry. The final Snell report is scheduled to reach OSHA this week. Firestone Plastics has asked OSHA for a chance to cross-examine the Snell re searchers, charging the report misrepre sents the firm's assessment of compliance costs. Firestone's protests won't delay is suance of the standard but could raise the level of controversy. "Our biggest criticism of the report," says Firestone Plastics President Todd Walker, "is that it said Firestone was the only company with the ability to meet the no-detectable-level standard. The fact is that our whole testimony at the [OSHA] vinyl chloride hearings was directed at saying it couldn't be done." Walker also criticized Snell for coming up with "no hard data." Snell Vice-President Joseph Nemec, however, says his firm will have no re sponse until after its completed report is in OSHA's hands. According to the preliminary report, all 23 PVC companies polled said they could reach a 50-parts-per-million standard im mediately; five said they could manage 25 ppm. by the end of 1976, seven by the end of 1977 and four by the end of 1978. Meanwhile, Ralph Nader's Health Re search Group has criticized the report as appearing to accept industry's blanket as sertion that the no-detectable limit is not feasible and that it focused too much on the direct impact on the PVC makers, not on the over-all economy. "This myopic concentration on compliance coins disre gards entirely the personal, social and even industrial costs of continued dis ease," the group maintained. Odds seem high that OSHA eventually will issue a 5-ppm. standard. Neither in dustry nor labor is expected to be satis fied with such a decision. "There's a lot of pressure on OSHA from the top to ease off the no-detec table-level standard," says one AFL-CIO health official. 22 CHEMICAL WEEK September 18, 1974 23613001 i : i ;.,i ntedt' Pr<n.jzi'tf' i> PVC RULING EXPECTED TO DISRUPT 'PLASTICS INDUSTRY mori }Lrcu?urrs> jrirLivucrknMnDnMri >h ;crnr; irtnurr*.!?/\ / rjrcr.rTi 'i**j> - THE DEPARTMENT OF rc*HDu")LUt hicr\.mT nnri.ivin.tnm ro rb >'>j nr rc . w 11E_; Ay. TO HAND u u r< LfiBOl A WORK SfiFETV STANDARD THAT COULD ULTIMATELY RESULT IN THE LOSS OF AS MANY AS 2. HLfJ JOBS AND 1;089 DLRDC IN ANNUAL REVENUES TO PLASTIC AND CHEMICAL INDUSTR;Vu ItN THE Li. S. \ AND ACCORDING TO THE SOCIETY OF PLASTICS INDUSTRY* THE ORDER SETTING THE MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE LEVEL OF VINYL CHLORIDE TO HORNERS CAN BE EXPOSED AT BEST HILL 'CAUSE TEMPORARY PLANT SHUTDOWNS AND COULD HALT PRODUCTION OF PQLYVINLY CHLORIDE. IN nn rfnt EVENT; THE DECISION IS EXPECTED TO A CONTROVERSIAL ONE; SINCE QUESTION HAS BErrEN nK nr. ir 3rrcryi Oiirn UVCK A CANCER THREAT IN POLMYVillINviYnsL BE CHLORIDE. PRESENTLY THERE ARE ABOUT 22 ru-* nw!mmd np `fJj ti Cp. _c>; OPERATING 58 PLANTS IN THE U.S., THAT PRODUCE THE GASEOUS VINYL CHLORIDE; WHICH SINCE ITS COMMERCIALIZATION IN 1338; HAS BEEN A KEY ELEMENT IN WAKING POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC); A RESIN USED IN THOUSANDS OF fL-* Ti C WORE rv.:` ^Q- Cwi u<4 fif'G266;5 T Pistes , . "t?- ! frc^jv^r* : ./> ' ,,: * i PVC RULING (2y ' THE LfiRGEST PRODUCER OF PVC IS B. F. GOODRICH CO.. BUT OTHER CQftPfifl I ES-r-F I REST ONE TIRE AND RUBBER CO, TENNECQ INC, GOODYEAR TIRE AND RUBBER CO HND DON CHEMICAL CO--COULD BE SERIOUSLY fiFFECTED BY THE RULING WHICH HILL BE SET BY THE OCCUFfiTIONflL SRFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION. (OSHfi). UNTIL THE DEFINITIVE STRNDfiRD IS SET BY OSHfi, THE INDUSTRY IS OPERATING UNDER BN AVERAGE INTERIM LEVEL OF 58 PRRTS PER MILLION ALLOWABLE IN THE AIR. BUT OSHfi LfiST YEfiR TRIED TO COME DOWN HARD ON THE INDUSTRY, ACCORDING TO THE SOCIETY OF PLASTICS, WITH A "COMPLETELY UNREALISTIC AND UNATTAINABLE" PROPOSAL, WHICH AMOUNTED TO "2ERQ-PART5-PER-MILLIGN. " THE INDUSTRY COUNTERED WITH A RANGE OF 25 TO 48 PfiRTS PER MILLION, ALTHOUGH WARNING OF HIDE- SPREAD PLANT CLOSINGS AS A RESULT OF COSTS INVOLVED IN MEETING SUCH STANDARDS. WITH SOME 5,880 MLN POUNDS OF PVC PRODUCED EACH YEfiR IN THE U. S. -ABOUT 13 TO 28 ACT OF TOTAL PLASTIC OUTPUT IN THE COUNTRY--THE SCOPE OF THE RULING IS OMINOUSLY CLEAR, THE INDUSTRY SAID. MORE 0957' ' * - BFG26616 to C ^gjfeia THOSE IN THE IHOUSTRV SEEN LESS THEN OPTIMISTIC RS TO THE OUTCOME OF THE Zmmt?S^ RND THE fiLTERNRTIVES TO HMl THEV WOULD CONSIDER "flH UHREfiLISTIC" OSHB STANDARD. IN R RECENT INTERVIEW/ UNIROVRL INC PRESIDENT DAVID BERETTfi SRID THE DECISION, IF LOWER THAN THE CURRENT INTERIM STfiN PVC RULING G>^ THOSE IN THE INDUSTRY SEEN: LESS THANv-H -I OPTIMISTIC RS TO THE-.OUTCOHE OF THE CONTROVERSY fiND THE fiLTERNRTIVES TO WHfiT THEY WOULD CONSIDER ttfiN UNREALISTIC" OSHR STANDRRD. IN A RECENT INTERVIEW, UNIROYRL INC PRESIDENT DAVID BERETTfi SAID THE DECISION, IF LOWER THRM THE CURRENT INTERIM STANDARD, WILL INEVITfiBLY CRUSE "fi REfiL SHflKE-OUT, ESPECIALLY WITH MARGINAL COMPBNIES," IN THE FIELD. MOREOVER, RCCORDING TO THE SOCIETY OF PLASTICS, THERE IS NO SUBSTBNCE THAT COULD EFFECTIVELY REPLBCE PVC. -.--V.. REUTER 1088 X. , r. , ...... ,;L. , - ' -- - V >*.; k~"' i. ... ... ?; 1 ' ; - ' vfi' *-r ' ?.*'.. - ; -V'. . ' /.;> BFG26617 7 Q FOR YOUR APPROVAL Q PER YOUR REQUEST FOR YOUR SIGNATURE YOUR INFORMATION O TAKE APPROPRIATE ACTION OF*EPARE REPLY FOR MY SIGNATURE RETURN WITH MORE DETAILS Q ANSWER INVESTIGATE AND REPORT Q NOTE AND SEE ME ABOUT THIS a NOTE AND RETURN TO ME Q NOTE AND FILE TELEPHONE PLEASE CALL MR. MRS. MISS TIME CALLED DATE -mi754/ recepHffwe no.-------------------- TRANSMITTAL AND TELEPHONE SLIP BFG26618 FEA Aims at 'bimplmcation In Petroleum Pricing Proposals Major changes have been proposed by the Federal Energy Administration in its petroleum pricing regulations in order to "simplify and clarify price regu lations while retaining the essential concepts of the regulations." It is the first major revision FEA has proposed since it received the authority to control prices last December. Hearings will be held in Washington Sep tember 19, September 30 and October 1 on US Chemical Companies the proposed changes and the special pro pane rule issued August 5. Gain in Overseas Profit The chemical industry had a profit yield of 6.3 percent on its foreign opera tions last year, a gain of 3.3 percent over 1972. according to a study by Business International Corporation. The study, conducted annually by the New York-based research organization, covers nineteen chemical companies with foreign net earnings of $328.2 mil lion based on foreign net assets of $2,013 billion. Domestic net earnings were $681 million on domestic assets of $5,246 bil lion, or a return of 13 percent. Among major US bulk chemical pro ducers covered by the study, Dow Chem ical Company ranks highest in foreign profitability (26.1 percent), followed by FEA Administrator John C. Sawhill noted that the new proposed regulations have retained the provisions for dollar-fordollar passthrough of increased product costs and the limitations of profit margin for the products covered and that this will be an `essential element of the FEA's con tinuing price policy." The ammendments include: .A new subpart governing prices for nat ural gas liquids (NGL). including propane produced from NGL. "to provide a better pricing mechanism and eliminate confusion as to how the current regulations apply to NGL." The proposed regulations would allow NGL to be priced at its May 15, 1973 selling Continued on Page 23 American Cyanamid Company (24.1 per Carbide, Wimpey Joincent), Stauffer Chemical Company (19.6 percent). Monsanto Company (12.6 per cent) and Union Carbide Corporation (11.7 percent). To Sell`Unox'in UK SPI Hits VCM Study, Union Carbide Corporation and George Wimpey & Co. of the UK have formed a new concern, Wimpey Unox pected to tail below the average growm rate for ethylene. These projections were made by Dr Bert Slruth, of Chem Systems. Inc., ai the national meeting of the American Chemical Society held, in Atlantic City. N.J.. last week. Total demand for ethylene in 1980 should reach 37 billion pounds. Nine projects to build ethylene facilities with a total capac ity of 8.8 billion pounds, according to Dr Struth, have already been announced, leav ing another 6.5-billion-pound capacity Acrylonitrile Expansion Set by Monsanto in UK Monsanto Company will undertake a major, two-part expansion program for its Seal Sands Plant at Teesside, England. The miilti-million-dollar expansion, scheduled for completion in 1977, will pro vide raw materials needed to meet growing requirements for the manufacture of nylon. "Acrilan" acrylic fibers and "Lustran" ABS/SAN plastics 1 The first part of the program calls for nearly tripling capacity of the existing ac rylonitrile manufacturing operations. A new unit with an initial annual capacity o: 420 million pounds (190.000 metric tons) o: acrylonitrile will be built adjacent to th< present plant. Total capacity of the Sea Sands Plant will exceed 650 million pound: (300,000 tons). The second part of the program calls fo construction of plants to produce adiponi Continued on Page 49 Calls Cost of Changes Dynachim, P-L SiociLtd., to market Carbide's "Unox" wastewater treatment system in the Underestimated by Snell The Society of the Plastics Industry has taken issue with a number of the facts and conclusions contained in the detailed economic impact study done by Foster D. Snell of the effects of the proposed vinyl chloride exposure rule by the Labor Department. UK and Ireland. Under the agreement. Union Carbide will provide technology covered by was tewater treatment patents and Wimpey will provide marketing and engineering exper tise, The "Unox" system, developed by Car bide's Linde Division, employs proprietary processes and apparatus with oxygen gas to improve the secondary activated sludge Continued on Page 13 In Concert on ProsU P-L Biochemicals, Inc., Milwaukee Wise., and Dynachim SA of Paris France, have entered into an agree ment for the development and promo tion of prostaglandin products in th US. Dynachim reportedly pioneered the pri SPI's views were contained in a docu ment filed with OSHA last week on the pre liminary Snel! study. The cost estimates contained in the Snell study for accomplishing certain objectives and/or the achievement of set levels of oc- Continued on Page 42 Borden Awards Contract For Sulfur Dioxide Control Agricultural Chemicals Division of Bor den, Inc., has awarded a $3.5 million con tract to Monsanto Enviro-Chem Systems, Inc., for installation of the Enviro-Chem in tegral interpass absorption system at Bor den's Smith-Douglass sulfuric acid plant in Piney Point. Fla. Construction will begin before the end of the year and completion is scheduled for mid-1976. A Borden spokesman says the modifica- Continued on Page 49 FDA Grades Bactericides The Food it Drug Administration last week took a major step toward setting new regulatory criteria for the safety and effectiveness of bacteria-killing in gredients in deodorant soaps, medicinal soaps and first aid products with the publication of a report by FDA'a Anti- Microbial Review Panel. The report is based on a two-year review by non-FDA scientists. The panel reviewed hundreds of in gredients which have been marketed and promoted for their germ-killing ef fectiveness ranging from iodine to pine tar. Identified by the panel were nineteen ingredients for which there was some evidence of anti-microbial activity. Five of these - benzalkonium chloride, meth yl benzethonium chloride, hexylresorcinal, benzethonium chloride and tincture of iodine - have been shown to be safe and effective. On the basis of the findings, FDA has proposed that tri-bromosalan (TBS) and closely related drugs be prohibited from future use in non-prescription drugs and cosmetics. The reason given is a con cern about skin inflamation to some users of products containing TBS after exposure to sunlight One of the largest users of TBS was anti-bacterial soaps which have been reformulated. FDA said that it is unaware that any other chemicals in the TBS family have been used in non-prescription drugs or Continued on Page 49 ' September 16, 1974 CHI BFG26619 OF CHEMICALS Olefins, Aromatics Continued from Page 3 tract prices for propylene run from 6 cents the spot price is now falling, and over the to 8 cents per pound, with spot levels rang near term into early 1975 it could drop to 75 mbia ) ins ARAGONITE - 40.193 long tons (Marcona Conveyor) Ocean Cay. August 16 8AUXJTE-12.200 tons (Havjarl) Chaguaramas to Mobile. August 20 ing from 10 cents to 20 cents according to type of material. When will it level out? ``Never," accord ing to Mr. Baggett, who pointed out to the cents to 80 cents, again rising to about $1.00 per gallon at the end of 1975. (For additional details regarding Mr. DeWitt's views on the benzene market, see pg. 5). larry it Ini 6.904 tons (Havjarl) Linden to MoDite. August 20 38.148 tons (Buckeye) Tembladora to Mobile. Au gust 22 33.141 long tons (Ef Scaldia) Port Rhoades to Baton Rouge. August 16 group that the traditional cyclic factors af fecting the propylene business will continue to do so. "It will not go up to 20 cents," he stated, citihg an upper barrier based on A11 the panelists generously qualified their quotation of spot and contract prices with phalanxes of contingencies, but none theless were able to give a clear picture of men, icific 32.862 long tons (World Argus) Port Rhoades to Baton Rouge. August 20 CASEIN-1 entr (Austral Entente) New Zealand Milk Products (Austral Entente) Wellington, August gasoline vaiues. what's going on right now - which is what Mr. Ericsson came up with a diverse pic the audience came to hear. ture of the current price situation for buta Earlier in the day, Mr. Baggett, speak meal jrce) 23 CHESTNUT POWDER-400 bgs (Birkenfels) Mar seille. August 27 COBALT. POWDER-10 dms (Scholar) Liverpool. diene. One company charges 15.9 cents per ing on propylene, said that only two years pound, f.o.b. works. earlier the olefin could not be discussed as Another US producer posts a 27-cent-per- a world commodity. Now, things are differ 10 lbs) 1/ 12 icific August 27 COCONUT OIL-500 long tons (Stoll Span) Davao City. August 23 1.120.000 lbs (Stott Victor) Manila. August 26 1.109.148 lbs (Stolt Victor) Legaspi. August 26 pound price. The ECSI chief pointed out that "There isn't any of that 27-cent stuff. He uses practically all of it himself." Other butadiene prices, as to producer: ent. Summing up, he pointed out that propyl ene has become a world commodity be cause a need will exist in various world bishi 1 bgs iy 11 s AJ ly 10 Chas July CRYOLITE -2.000 bgs (Birkenfels) Marseille. August 16% cents f.o.b., 17% cents delivered and 27 DIPENTAERYTHRITOL -1,000 bgs (Hung Ming) Yokohama. August 24 18% cents f.o.b. A domestic producer who also offers imported material averages im 2.000 bgs (Korean Trader) Yokohama. August 26 ports into his price structure and charges FERROMANGANESE -6.499 metric tons (Paros) 17 cents to 20 cents, according to monthly Durban to Baton Rouge. August 19 GRAPHITE. SYNTHETIC-9 erts (Korean Trader) Yokohama, August 26 price fluctuations. FREIGHT CHARGES ADDED areas in the next few years. This need will be to move propylene into the US in 1975 and early 1976, and to provide outside pro pylene for Europe and Japan in 1976 and 1977. A second reason for propylene becoming a world commodity is that the price struc July 1 10 usan SinMoyd tvent a dent oay, Tties c -d* gen. ssoc mt>ia long ISOBUTANOL -494 metric tons (Grenanger) Kobe to Galveston. August 12 MANGANESE ORE-25,092 metric tons (Agios Giorgis) Port Elizabeth to Baton Rouge, August 19 MENTHOL. CRYSTALS --4 entrs (Delta Norte) Paranaguay. August 26 OLIVE OIL-25 dms (Joseph Lykes) Cadiz. August 27 PALM OIL --500,048 long tons (Stolt Span) Singa pore. August 23 1.484.597 long tons (Stolt Span) Pt Kelang. Au gust 23 SILICON MANGANESE --143 dms (Korean Trader) Yokohama. August 26 19,716 lbs (Korean Winner) Yokohama. August 26 SULFAMIC ACID-800 bgs (Hung Ming) Kobe. Au gust 24 SULFURIC ACID --7,519 kilos (Bow Lind) Gdansk to Baton Rouge. August 16 TALC -121 css (Union Enterprise) Kobe. August 26 TITANIUM DIOXIDE-1,600 bgs (Maltesholm) Harm- na to Mobile. August 19 UREA- 14.522 short tons (Triton) Sluiskill to Baton Rouge. August 19 ZIRCON Sand-4 089,000 kilos (Lotte Skou) Bris bane to Baton Rouge. August 15 "Importers," noted Mr. Ericsson, "take ture for propylene has changed with freight the straight cost of f.o.b. material in Eu being a smaller percentage of the delivered rope. have added the cost of ocean freight cost. SPI Hits Studyand passed it right straight through to the customer after adding a half cent at the ter ~~ minal and adding necessary rail freight." "Until recently," he said, "this price was 28.4 cents a pound." There's not a great merchant market for butadiene, and the posted prices represent less than 30 percent of total production, he says, noting that ``even those with none to offer have a posted price." Mr. Ledorer told the audience that in his reckoning,- the current price of naphtha in Europe was around $160 per ton on spot, with ethylene, propylene and butadiene more difficult to assess. C-2's and C-3's are about $300 per ton in his estimation. A shipment on spot of C-4 Continued from Page 7 cupational exposure to VCM, SPI said, ``are substantially understated." Many of the cost factors necessary to that type of analysis have not been made or even referenced, SPI said. It added, that the report, for example, did not address the costs of some companies reducing the residual monomer content of various resins. Similarly, it said,the economic impact of the inevitable Environmental Protection Agency regulations for control of vinyl chloride emissions were not considered. material to a neighbor who needs it might The potential effects of actual plant clos bring $400 per ton now. Contracts are ail on ings expected to occur should the perma a negotiated basis and very hard to pin nent standard ultimately set a very strin down. gent level of occupational exposure to VC Atlanta Chemical Moves Mr. DeWitt, reviewing the benzene pric are also net detailed, SPI said, even though ing situation, pointed out that "today con such would certainly be expected to alter -- Atlanta Chemical Company has relocat- tract prices range from 75 cents per gallon the supply-demand outlook. io cd its offices to 425 Park Avenue, New York to $1.05 per gallon with spot prices still hig SPI also questioned the price tags attach 10022. The new telephone number is 421-4600 her at $1.15 per gallon and up." ed by the Snell study for compliance. Use of and the telex number is 1471S6. He hastened to indicate, however, that absolute figures is not meaningful, it said. A/MAN COMPANY ED EQUIPMENT TANKS - KETTLEJ 2 TO Sal HAMILTON Kettles S.S.( TOO gal Vacuum Receiver SS 100 gal Vacuum Receiver SS 300 Sal STAINLESS 25 psi (3) TOO gal STAINLESS Agit. & Coils TO gal KETTLE- STAINLESS -Jk l ReactR- STAINLESS -000 Sal Sleet - 62.5 psi (20)' mixers 2SPlK,NTWM.xp.TopEnt MWAfirufiOfio,,, optM- f- p trr v- . For Immediate Sate BOTTLING ASSEMBLY LINE Complete as follows: 642009* 304 S.S' tanka 1-fttnar ElUaon Faadomjtlc CImmi tetmr ESteon Fiiabatmattc vacua Alter indUbatar 1-4JC0 Model 110 automatic mat* caopng machint 1-36" S S rotary tccumuUUog tebte l-ABC-XST Automatic ca*a taattng inachtna l-Ogto* Ftftw prat* SPS-5 wttn42 ttftar pacte S.S. iirtow pwnpa, matara cMfcpraaaer tc. Wt alo hi<* H/E-prtiiora tanki-vaivtt. ate. Link inUfld 1W3 ar!U nil at t unit or will pitet mail Indk vMual Kami PETRO-POWER, INC. 6436 Rupley Cird* Houston. leu* 77017 A/C 713644-6241 (3) Vacuum ftacelvara, 43 * x 1*V H. 1250 Gal. 304 ELC PAPENMEItR-WELEX 300/800 Mlxar Cdol*r Cowl#* 50HPXP, Oit>afer. Modal 720 VHV (4) Lehmann 40 VortPSIV, 1 HP XP VS Hockmeyar 250 gal., hoft. Paata Mixar, 20 HP XP Pattaraon 20 cu. ft., DouDla Cone, 3 HP FltimHI, modal M5, SS 5 HP Raadco 1 gal., Sigma, SS V* HP XP ' *: l ' ' " ' ` ~ l'a i 9 Kiln, notary 30" x 25', Complete Kettle* S/S - 20, 50,100, 300, SOO gal. Blander - Munion - Rotary - 100 cu. ft. com plete Evaporator - Ooubte Effect - Monel - 600 sq. ft. Baker Perkins S/S-1 gal. and 5 gal. vacuum Condenser - 1,000 *d. ft. S/S Single Pass Black Clawaon Paper Coating Installation Mlkro Atomizer - S/S No. 6-5H.P. Roe* - S/S Heavy Duty Mixer* - 3 H.P. (2) PROCESS PLAHT5 SERVICE, KJC. m Central Art* Clark, HJ. 3SX-1K1-4 AUTOCLAVES/REACTORS 1-2500 gat. SS 1000 psi 1*2100 gal. 316SS, Jacketed 1*1200 gal. 316SS, Jacketed 5- P3400 Sharpies `Super-D-Canters SS BFG26620 T IZ99ZD&& :sswa?53s?S^!S?WeWR Copies to; A. Vittone R. D. Scott J. L. Nelson E. W. Harrington H. Waltemate B. H. G. Zwicker G. Pow W. J. Wilcox P. J. Weaver R. B. Downey E. B. Osborne \ P% Keaaey " A* L* Hatfield C. R. Flyn BFG26622 wi*ur<g 23623C02 Tue*d*y. SefeflCw *7. 19*4 EPA Has THE TASK FORCE estf .%'t mates, he reported that It r> will be possible to reduce vinyl chloride emissions by Goal on '* about so percent and those 'rt^ from polyvinyl chloride V-f*; about 75 percent with a Vinyl Ga TM.5*^ conaequent increase of abwt 4 percent in the cost of the plastics. Indications By Judith Randal ' tor-Mnq SU(f Mcr . -' are, he added, that existing technology can do the job and. .indeed, be praised The Environmental Pro tection Agency has been some manufacturers for voluntarily having taken working on an air-pollution emission standard for vinyi steps to bring tbe danger under control. Chloride for the past three months and hopes to com plete the Job within a year. EPA Administrator Russell E. Train, has announced. Vinyl chloride in the form of a gas or pressurized liq uid is used in the manufac ture of the plastic polyvinyl chloride, which to turn is fabricated into products ranging from baby pants, and plastic credit cards to garden hoses, sporting and ' i-- Tbere ts at present, he added, na evidence that there is much leakage of vinyl chloride into water or ut- that it is even potentially ,a-- dangerous if It occurs. Nevertheless, said Train, to accordance with task force recommendations, waters downstream from vinyl chloride and polyvinyl chlo ride plants will be moni tored. auto goods and medical sup- plies. Its link in the past* year to 25 cases among! industrial workers of anni- j giosarcoma ol the liver -- at rare and invariably fatal -, fora of cancer -- have? made it the target of inter-, national concern. \ In addition to the $2 plants which are the pri mary suppliers of the plas tic, some 8,000 others utilize the synthetic material for tbe manufacturer of a wide variety of products. EPA officials said yesterday that exposure from these sorces In bis announcement yes-1 terday. Train told a press , conference that the new standard, when completed, is at lower levels than that of the primary plants and is therefore presumably less hazardous. will apply under the Clean Air Act to the emissions from the nation's 52 plants They conceded, however, that complete safety cannot which either make vinyl, ^ chloride gas or polyvinyl?, be assumed ami that the situation must be monitored chloride itself. .. (-[ * and watched. An EPA task farce whkA made the recoramendatk-' - has determined, he sai-i. that these plants account for more than 95 percent or vinyl chloride emissions. In so doing, he reported, they probably release more than 200 million pounds of vinyl ? chloride and 50 million j pounds of polyvinyl chloride j into the atmosphere each I year. ____ ! Besides advising EPA to - {. devise standards for the 52 primary plants where vinylchloride air pollution is the ._'s greatest, the task force has ,*. made 18otherrecommenda- tions designed to develop data about the apparent ;.. hazards of the plastic and v reduce them where possi ble. _ Meanwhile, as the EPA j deals with the outdoor envi- j .. turanerrtal problems posed by vinyl chloride, the Labor ' Department's Occupational Safety and Health Adminis tration is considering stand ard* which would better protect employes exposed `^within tbe waits of their _ places of work. r b,. n- BFG26623 EE Goodrich // DEPARTMENT * J BUILDING FOR YOUR APPROVAL PER YOUR REQUEST FOR YOUR SIGNATURE YOUR INFORMATION TAKE APPROPRIATE ACTION PF?fePARE REPLY FOR MY SIGNATURE RETURN WITH MORE DETAILS ANSWER INVESTIGATE AND REPORT NOTE AND RETURN TO ME NOTE AND SEE ME ABOUT THIS NOTE AND FILE ___. ____ TELEPHONE PLEASE CALL MR. MRS. MISS TIME CALLED DATE 6gELCB i* TELEPHONE NO. V BFG26624