Document 3JV6G67N1RrX0GN5n8a9pnQy0
SERIES II
TN 1874 Iitfmpiin-.' was invented hy John Orr n| Glasgow, Scotland
*- Lithopone was hr-L manufactured on a very small scale in the United
'Mate- shmtly beh>re
Newark, N. f can boast n{ the first lithopone
manufacture hy Caw'rv, (dark cr Co with N J Graves of C-.imdcn, N.
a rival for honor- The-e product- called Orilhths White, Fulton Whit',
eic , would he regarded as very interior pigments when compared with to
modern lithopone
Shortly after lr>un the Kr<*hc Pigment and Chemical Company started
manufacturing lithopone at Newport. Delaware. If it were not for the
great success of early lithopone in the linoleum and window shade Indus
trie':. it i? quite possible that lithopone might never have won its place,
o todav. as the leading white'hiding pigment.
fn [944 the hrhopone inJu-try in the paint field was assured of sue-
c c m through tie* nneiiiun **i readv mixed flat wall paints to which lithev
\one was essential vme during the
ujuMry.
The marked improvement in the properties of lithoyear* has broadened its use, particularly by the
table
g lithopone
"J
the r.i
u h this great
Vrnr
moo
1006 IU0~ !')0H 19(10 I'HO 1UI 1
I'm: !`M 5
1!) I 4 |U t 5 1016 101-
Tons 620
4,500 10.210 H. 5 00 [ l .810 12,610 16.850 24.200 20,700 12.800 46.500 51.300 63,700
Year mis 1919 1920 1921 1922 1 c>2 3 1924 1925 1926 192/ 1928 1929
Tons 62.400 81.000 89,550 55,000 8 3.000 100,000 109,500 145,000 160,000 175,000 200,000 202,000.v
-n-; 4, ui. J !". a 1 : .1,1 y f i n r !' 11 -i n r-- a'll'J linin', dtirini! ih (:urfrr r,r 1029
Th- g,.cul < T *r uid h n.It
p`-wcr. as v.ell as its other men to
r 'part a and the (act th.u hi lv 'pone is a low cost white pigment.
-ikh i grtvAasig pieman d !i*r hlimpniic lhut it h as displaced v
cad. cun r>\ide . etc . inr manv list's
three
LITHOPONE IN PAINT FORMULATION
The following tables give further comparison between lithoponc and other white pigments and show particularly the economic relationships based upon (1) hiding power and (2) per solid gallon.
While there is still some controversy on the relative Hiding Power of the various white pigments, the following results are of interest.
Hiding Power of Paints of Equal Mobility
Pigment
CompiMitinn 'T Pigment
Oil
P.M,r.cU Pigmpnt
per Gal.
Sq. Ft. Per Puuind Pigmenf
Crypt<'mfCer Aged
Linoleum RnuhmM Aged
Fresh Paint 2 Weeks Fresh Paint 2 Weeks
ft 1.7
Titanox C....... ........................
vs.3
S7
77 6
26.1
40.7
57.9
7i 7
Zinc Oxide..... ..............
48.7
7[
77 0
25.2
3 9.7
30.2
r>7.4
Tit,inox IS....... ..............
37.6
il 4
::.s
23.1
3 3.7
31.8
' 64.7
Lithoponc
.............
37 7
10 7
:i x
24.0
7S.7
30.0
Zinc Oxide
70.3
3 5 H Leaded. ... ........
79.7
i3 8
17.6
17.8
77 4 23.6
Basic Lend
. 77 7
Carbonate........ .............
77.8
IS 1
14 7
14.0
17 3 22.9
Baste Lead
i\ t
Sulfate............ .........
76 i
1 7 ')
[70
12.7
I 7.7
14.3
The iS'tVC f:a-if . put nf fh,: i,hh- ? cn Huh" 1* vc-r r,F P tinr. nf C.fi.U Mnhihi'. 'ii | ...... . V,M , 1 roil.tr No. 1*:.. M.ir:!., !'i)n .-a the January !. !`> 1 I'.imt ,inj V.irmsli I'r-oo-Jmgs dir S. H-nnlic
The above table plainly show; tint hiding power should never be de termined on fresh paint. Paint should 'be aged until a proper equilibrium :s reached. Using tire results obtained on paints two weeks old, the fol lowing table is calculated. For Hiding Power hthopone is taken as stan dard, i.e. IOf). The amount of hthopone necessary to hide 1000 sq. ft. of surface is taken as standard at 43.7 pounds.
Tabulation of Relative Hiding Power and Costs
Pigment
Relative Hiding Power
Aged 2 Weeks
Pounds Per icno Sq. Ft.
Linoleum
Lin oleum
Co ptometer Brmhout Crypt ometer Bnuhnut
Ltthopone . ... 100
100 43.5 43.5
Titanox B
(>6 106 45.3 4 1.0
Titanox C .
iOO
126 40.0
54.5
Zinc Oxide.. 105
roi
41,4
43.1
Zinc Oxide 35T Leaded
74
79 58.8 55.2
Basic Lead Carbonate ....
58
76 75.0 57.0
Basic Lead Sulfate............
53
48 82.1 91.2
Price Por Pound
50.04 5 0.065 0.0'n 0.065
0.0625
0.0725
0.0675
Cost P<r IPOO Sq. Tt. Linoleum
Crvpiometcr Briislmui
VS 1 .96
$ 1.96
2,'U 2.80
2.66 1 a
2.69
2.80
3.67
3.45
5.44 5.52
4.13 6.15
nine
LITHOTON'E IN PAINT iORMt I A MON
Table of Pigment Cost per Solid Gallon
French Process Zinc Oxide (Green Seal) ........................................ ................ (Red Seal) ............................................. ................
Basic Lead Carbonate................................ ............... Basic Lead Sulfate...................................... ................ 35% Leaded Zinc Oxide......................... ................ Lend Free Zinc Oxide............................. ................ Titanox B .................................................. ................ Titanox C .................................................. ............... Lithopone ..................................-................. ...............
................
Fi*Tone ....................................................... ................
Pounds per gal.
47, E 47.1 56.7 53.4 49.6 47.1 35.8 25.8 55.8 35.0 35.4
Price per ib.
#0.1037 .0937 .0725 .0675 .0625
- .0650 .0650 .0700 .0450 .0650 .0650
Cost pec solid jal.
#4.88 4.41 4.11 3.60 3.10 3.06 2.32 1.81 1.61 T ">7
2.30
towing ^uiuluiion may be drawn. Litho-
pone is the most economical pigment, since it has the lowest cunt per unit ot
hiding power .is well as the lowest cost per unit volume In the held
high strength pigments, Krehulnh and Ti To
are characterized hy
eeunomy in their use.
Q
@
I (
LITHOPONE IN PAINT FORMULATION
PROPERTIES OF PONOLITH
LITHOPONE
PONOLITH COMPARED TO OTHER WHITE PIGMENTS
B EFORE 'tuiivnii; the In paint formulation.
die properties ''I Punoiiih ae..1 its application us uunvr.!!i-c nn tin; re.i on lor the phenom
enal increase in lithopone con aim pi ion in the paint industry at the expense
of its older brothers, while lead and cine oxide.
The relative tintim; strength oi' Ponoluh is I.-i compared to 7n tor
basic carbonate white lead and l'1'! Mr cine oxide' Lithopone will produce
a paint which hides better A comparison o! prices, carbonate white lead
1'A cents, white seal nine IP's cents, yreen seal l<b'a cents, red seal 9-Vr
cents, and American Process ant
cents aeainst -fbn cents, shows litho-
pone Co be the most ceononnc.il pigment known tojav Its whiteness is
lar superior to white lead and better than French Process anc oxides
Unlike white lead and like cine oxide, it is not alleetcd hv hydrnvyn sulhdc
or sultur lumes Like :111c oxide it is non - pm unions, while white lead is
reeneniccd as poisonous Lithopone has a wide, controlled ranee of oil
absorption; on tile one hand, a low oil absorption appn i,vhint: that o! white
lead and permitting a Inch psvnient concentration where desired; while on
the other hand, a myh oil absorption, approaehnu; th.it of cine oxide, per
mittine a putty thick paint L nhke cine oxide and white U ad. lithopone. when
completely neutral nr near neutral, is practically non-re.letive with xchicles
regardless of their acidity or nature Lithopone is lieiu rc-wtant, does not
settle or cake in the pack,tee nor interfere with the drvinp of vehicles The
proper lithopone in the proper formula will produce excellent paint for any
purpose
USES OF PONOLITH LITHOPONE
In view of the variety of characteristics found in lithopone a can bl and is used in a wreat many applications These u , take ad'.aii(aite of its outstandim: properties such as color, hijine power, hue texture, ranye of oil absorption, etc Its laryest use is in paints of dl kind, I'r.utic.iilv all punts fur inside purposes coin,no a verv la rue per,on;.i;e oi iaiwponc, m many cases LKiU of the total pvinent These pain! - on hide flit whiles, floor p,tints, house paints, null white pOsses, undercoatall pride's of enam els, quick dryinv enamels uiekidmp din a.- fnrmtiiuU'J witii -ynlhctic riMia It is equally iieiaptcd to iinte'd paints. In nut'ide paints us use w larpc aial with the increasing knowledge oi its fonnukitinn, this use r veils' yrowine Other uses include cold water paints
rlrrot.
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