Document 3JNaO196qGjwjZpVmwXgBDY06

Heating Ventilating Air Conditioning Guide 1957 Residence (continued) gravity furnace systems, 422, 475 heat loss problems, 282 hot crater heating system, 547 mechanical furnace system, 475 steam heating system, 505 Residential Air Condition* inn, 1201 air distribution, 1206 application, 1204 central systems, 1204 equipment capacity, 1202 equipment location, 1205 equipment types, 1202 noise, 1205 ' operating costs, 1207 Resistance thermometers, 1222 Resistivity, thermal, 7 Resistors, 1027 electric, 8 Return dry, 8 grille, 476, 776 m&ins, 6, 505, 524-527 openings, 776 wet, 8 Reverse cycle refrigeration, 898, 915-917 ,, ,,,, Reversed return system, 8. 557 Ringft1mft.nn chart, 155, 1234 Roof, roof8 heat flow through, 196-203, 209, 210, 301, 304, 308 tirnu lag of solar radiation, 322 ventilators, 252 air.conditioners, 651, 1204 air motion, 752; 767. control, 962 coolers, 651, 656, 657, 661 cross transmission noise, 1021 latent heat, 326, 327 noise level, 1001,1014 operating, 138 sensible heat, 325 Rotary dryer, 1158 Rotary oil burner, 388, 394 s Sabin, 8 Sanitary ventilation, 132 Saturated air, 1, 25 Saturation, 7 degree of, 8, 25, 31 pressure, 7 Scale, 1050 cause and prevention, .1045, 1050 closed systems, 1054 heating systems, 1056 high temperature, 1056 open systems, 1054 temperature, 9 Schoolhouse Heating and Ventilating design factors, 1212 classrooms, 1212 direct radiation, 1216 economic, 1214 forced air, 1216,1217 gravity exhaust, 1215 mtipilumWl exhaust, 1215 panel heating, 1217 unit ventilator, 1217 general considerations, 1211 maintenance, 1218 operation, 1218 systems, 1215 Secondary air, 350, 864, 400 Sectionalboiler, 407 Sensible cooling, 747 Sensible heat, 279, 287, 326 gain, 287, 326 loss, 279 Shading of areas, 320 Shading screen, 321 Sheet metal gages, 807,808 Ship heating, ventilation, air conditioning, 1172 air conditioning, 1172, 1174 design conditions, 1173 factors affecting design, 1172 general consideration, 1172 heating, 1172 insulation of ducts, 1172 refrigeration, 1175 requirements for space, 1173 cargo, 1174 living, 1173 machinery, 1173 storeroom, 1174 systems, typical, 1174 ventilating, 1172 Silica gel. 937 Silicon dioxide, 937 Single phase motors, 980 Skylights, 252 Slime, 1048. 1056 cause ana prevention, 1056 formers, 1048 Slotted outlets, 711 Sludge, 1045, 1050 cause and prevention, 1050 Smog, 131, 155 Smoke, 8, 151,154 abatement, 155, 348 density measurements, 1236 Smokeless arch, 8 Smokeless combustion, 348 Snow melting. 623 antifreeze characteristics, 630 circulating -medium, 632 effect of viscosity, 627 design, 623 draining, 632 drifting snow, 632 heat from slab, 624 heating requirements, 623 installation, 629 internal corrosion, 630 pumping head, 626 safety, 629 slab construction, 630 snowfall, 625 testing installation, 632 thermal stresses, 631 Soil specific heat, 172 Solar constant, 8, 296 Solar heat, 296 absorbed by glass, 312 altitude. 297 calculation tables, 298-300, 304-308 through shaded windows, 320 time lag, 322 transmission of, 296 through glass, 309, 321 through glass block, 317 through roofs, 301 through walls, 301 Solar heat gain, 296 basic principles, 296 d^ign for figured rolled glass, 315 design for flat glass, 311, 314 design for glass block, 317 deviation from design, 318 shading glass, 320 Solar radiation. 296 absorption of, 296 magnitude, 296 Solar water heater, 1197 Sol-Air temperature, 301 Soot. 156, 348, 376 XX Sorbents, 935 absorbents, 935, 939 adsorbents, 935 Sorption, 8 Sound (see Noise), 991 absorbers, 1008-1013 apparatus for measuring, 994 attenuation, 993 control, 991 cross transmission. between rooms, 1021 general problems, 994 duct absorbers, 1006-1013 intensity, 993 isolation, 613 levels, 992, 1001 measurements, 994 outlet absorbers, 1006 pressure, 991 unit, 992 Space heaters, 428 design, 429 rating, 428 Specific gravity, 4 Split systems, 8 Splitter dampen, 775 Spray apparatus, 853 booths, 1103 cooling, 859 cooling ponds, 861 oooling towers, 863 dehumidifier, 739, 857 distribution, 859 dryer, 1157 equipment, 853 generation, 859 humidifiers, 857*860 unit air conditioner, 655 Spread, air distribution, 752, 766 Square foot of heating surface, 8 Squirrel-cage induction motor, 974, 976, 977, 984 Stack, stacks, 239,253,433 height, 8,255 Standard, standards.(see also Codes), 1241 air, 1 air distribution, 752 atmosphere, 63 Standard air, 1 Static electricity elimination, 1132 pressure, 7, 781, 814 regain, 801 Steady flow, energy equation, 24, 67 Steam, 8 coils, 879, 888 distribution piping, 516, 720 estimating consumption, 470, 718, 719 flow, 518, 519 flow measurement, 78, 732 heated equipment, 329, 718 heating systems, 8, 505 condensate return, 505, 727 connections to units, 544 control valves, 546 corrosion, 1061 drips, 542 flash leg, 543 gravity one-pipe air-vent, 507 gravity return, 506 Hartford return, 533 high pressure steam, 523 low pressure steam, 523 mechanical return, 506 one-pipe, 506 orifice, 514 piping for, 516 suD-atmoepheric, 513 two pipe, 508 vacuum, 512 vapor, 510 . iet type system, 911 Index to Technical Data Section Steam (continued) meters, 78, 732 panel heating, 597 pipe capacities, 518-527 properties, 32, 49 reducing valves, 531 requirements, 470, 717 risers, 505, 522, 524 ^runout, 507 superheated, 8 *ah!es, 32, 49 traps, 8, 538 valves, 546 velocity, 520, 721 Steel boilers, 408 Sterilization of air, 132 Stoker, stokers. 379 ^classification of, 379 combustion adjustments, 384 combustion process, 381 controls, 387 / furnace design, 385 mechanical, 379 overfeed flat grate, 383 overfeed inclined grate, 381 sizing and ratings, 386 traveling grate, 383 underfeed. 382 Sub-atmospheric systems, 513 Summer air conditioning sys tem, 287, 1201 Summer climatic conditions, 291 Summer comfort, 126, 127 Superheated Steam, 8 Supply mains, 8 Supply openings, 476, 751, 768, 770, 1163 measurement of velocities. 1226, 1230 Supports, pipe, 690 Surface condensation, 217, 229, 233,710 conductance, 3, 173, 174 coefficients, 92, 173 external pipe, 666, 668, 700 heating, 8 extended, 8- temperature, 214, 427, 605, 606 1222 Suspended unit heater, 638 Symbols, 12, 13, 14, 15 air conditioning, 21 for drawings, 17 heating, 18 piping, 17 . ventilating, 19 T . humidities, 1118-1 air leakage, 240, 242, 244 air requirements, 113 air, volume of, 32 air and water mixture, 26 allowable concentration . eases, vaportj, 158-160 dusti fumea, 161, 162 altitude, pressure and tem perature, 63 aluminum ducts, 808 analytical solutions for heat conduction, 107 anthracite size, 345, 346 anti-freeze, solutions, 630 atmosphere, standard for al titudes, 63 atmospheric gas, 1048 atmm?9heric impurities, 153, iu straight ducts, 1007 of branches, 1008 Tables (continued) of elbows, 950 of plate absorber, 1011 attic ventilation, 235 azimuth angle. 300 black body radiation, 96 boiler ratings, 411-413 bonnet pressure, 502 bonnet temperature, 498, 499 building load factors, 474 calorific value, 344, 356, 360, 368 capacity constants, unit heat ers, 640 capture velocities, 1098 carbon dioxide nv)Timm 374 cast-iron boiler rating, 414 ceiling temperature, 272 chimney damage survey, 453 chimney draft, 447 chimney efficiency, 445 circular equivalents of rec tangular ducts, 787-789 classification of coals, 345 motors, 976 water, 1046 climatic conditions, 263, 291 coal analyses, 344 coal classification, 345 codes, 1241 coil heat emission, 592 combustible elements compounds, 368 combustion rates, 417 comfort ranges, 123 and condenser design data, 876 conductance, 93, 177-179 air space, 176 conduction problem solution, 101,107 conductivity materials. 91. 177-179 contaminant, allowable in water, 1067 contaminant exhaust, 1098 convection conductances, 93 conversion equations, 15 conveying velocity, 1100-1103, 1108 cooling tower performance, 874 cooling tower pipe size, 1186 copper elbow equivalents, 556 copper sheets, 808 copper tube dimensions, 668 copper tube surface, 668 correction factors steam radiator, 593, 594, 595 unit heaters, 640 water radiator, 593, 594, 595 corrosion resistance, 1112 cost of air conditioning, 1072 degree-days for cities, 463-466, .472, 473 design dry- and wet-bulb temperatures, 263-268,271, , .288. 291-295, 1118, 1173 design humidity, 1118-1128 dew-point, fuels, 377 draft in chimneys, 447 draft requirements of appli ances, 448 duct attenuation, 1007, 1008 duct combinations, 490, 491 duct gages, 807 duct joints, 806 duct pressure drop, 502 duet sizing, 480, 483-491 duct velocity, 797 duct weight, 808 dust concentration, 155. 161. 162 dust particle size, 153 efficiency, seasonal, 458 elbow equivalent, 521, 556, 790, 1184 electric heating systems, 1030 electric water heaters, 1039 emissivity factors, 95, 96, 176 end reflection, 1011 xxi Tables (continued) environmental conditions, limits, 118 equivalent length of fittings 494-496, 521, 1184 equivalent temperature dif ferentials, 304, 306 exhaust, engines, 259 exhaust pipes for 7nmhinB 1100-1104 fabric filters, 848 fan outlet velocity, 826 fan speed, 826 fitting allowance, 480, 494. 521 .656, 583, 1184 fitting dimensions, 633-643 fixture flow, 1178 fixture units, 1178 flammability of gases and vapors, 164, 165 flanged fittings surface, 700 flue gas dewpoint, 377 fluids, compressible, 73 free convection, 94 friction loss, pipe, 401, 519 520-622, 524-528, 553 friction valves and fittings , 521, 556, 583, 1184 fuel combustion, 370 fuel consumption, 468, 469 fuel oil properties, 354 fumes, concentration, 161 gas analysis, 360 gas piping capacity, 401 gaseous fuel properties, 360 glass absorptance, 312 glass transmittance, 312 graphical symbols. 17 grille area correction, 1007 heat^absorbed, cooling water, heat. conductance, 93, 101 177-179 heat equivalents, 282 heat flow walls and roofs. 184- 208, 304 heat gain appliances, 328 oou heat emission, 592 glass, 313, 314 glass blocks, 317-319 insulated cold pipes, 711 occupants, 326, 1084 heat loss bare copper pipe, 699 bare steel pipe, 592, 699 basement, 275 floor, 277, 278 pipe coils, 592 radiation, 96 residence, 283, 285 room, 283 heat pump, 917 heat 8tress evaluation, 1087 heat transmission coefficients 18*410 building construction, 184-- t 210,304-308 doors, 213 glass, 212 roofs, 193-208, 308 waffs, 184-192 water heaters, 1194 hot water demand, 1178. 1187 1188, 1190 hot water pipe sizes, 553 humidities, industrial air con ditioning, 1118-1128 hygroscopic materials, 1130 incident angle, 299 inertial separator, 846 infiltration through outside doors, 244 infiltration through waffs, 240 infiltration through windows. 242 inflammability, gases, 164,165 inside temperatures, 271, 291, 1118-1128