Document 3J2Ob412mOjdLNanGpr6d8vDy
/
May 29, 3' 37
To: Mont ana Pet r ol eum Associ at i on Boar d of Gover nor s Cont act s on Ai r and Wat er Conser vat i on
Re: Act i on by t he St at e Boar d of Heal t h on Ambi ent Ai r St andar ds
The Mont ana Boar d of Heal t h hel d a hear i ng Fr i day, May 26, begi nni ng at 7: 30 p. m
and concl udi ng Sat ur day, May 27, at 11: 30 a. m. on pr oposed ambi ent ai r qual i t y
st andar ds. The t i me al l ocat ed f or i ndust r y t est i mony t ot al ed t hr ee hour s,
i ncl udi ng 55 mi nut es f or t he oi l i ndust r y. Faci ng a deadl i ne of June 2, t he
Boar d adopt ed t wel ve and def er r ed act i on on f our st andar ds. At t ached her et o
>s a copy r ef l ect i ng t he act i on t aken t o dat e on t he st andar ds and i ncl udi ng
t he f i nal r esul t s by t he St at e Boar d of Heal t h.
,
As of t hi s wr i t i ng, a copy of t he of f i ci al deci si on of t he Boar d i s not avai l abl e. However , i t i s my under st andi ng t hat t he Boar d adopt ed an of f i ci al posi t i on wi t h r espect t o t hei r i nt er pr et at i on of t he meani ng of t he wor d, "st andar ds' * i n t he Mont ana Cl ean Ai r Act . The Boar d' s posi t i on i s t hat "st andar ds" mean goal s and gui del i nes as a basi s on whi ch f ut ur e emi ssi on st andar ds may be pr edi cat ed. Dr. John Ander son, Di r ect or of t he St at e Boar d of Heal t h, conf i r med t hi s by t el ephone conver sat i on.
i ndi cat i ons ar e t hat t he f i r st emi ssi on st andar d t o be consi der ed by t he Boar d wi l l be f or f l uor i des. The Publ i c Heal t h Ser vi ce wi l l hol d i t s f i r st i nt r a- st at e
hear i ng i n Gar r i son, Mont ana, i n Jul y t o consi der t he mat t er connect ed wi t h t he Rocky Mount ai n Phosphat e Pl ant .
Encl osur e
B. G. Havdahl Execut i ve Secr et ar y
KF .0306030
MONTANA AMBI ENT AI R QUALI TY STANDARDS
_______________________________________ ______________ St andar ds________________________________
Pol l ut ant
Boar d of Heal t h St af f
Advi sor y Counci l Recommendat i ons Ad
_________________________ Recommendat i ons ~ 3/ 29/ 67 Let t er at Meet i ng Hay 4, 1967__________ He
Sul f ur Di oxi de
0* 02 ppm
( West - Gaeke Met hod onl y) 0. 10 ppm
Need f ur t her advi ce on MAA 0. 10 0.
* ppm 24 hr - not t o be exceeded av
over 1%
av
ov
pe
av
React i ve Sul f ur
0. 25 mg SOj / l OO2 CM MAA 0. 50 mg SOyMOO2 CM MAA
0. 25 mg SO3/ I OO2 CM MAA 0. 50 mg S0j / 1002 CM MAA
0. 0.
Suspended Sul f at e
4 pg/ M3 of Ai r MAAA 12 pg/ M3 of Ai r MAAA
4 pa/ M^ of Ai r MAAA
12 pg/ M3 of Ai r MAAA
4 12
Sul f ur i c Aci d Mi st n
o C-> o
o Hydr ogen Sul f i de CO
-
Oxidants
Car bon Monoxi de
4 pg/ M\ of Ai r MAAA
1 2 pg/ M3 of Ai r - 1% of Ti me
30 pg/ M3 of Ai r - Hour l y Ave. -
1% of Ti me
0. 03 ppm-2 hr. 5 days
0. 05 ppm- hr .
year
avg. - Twi ce i n avg. - Twi ce per
0.02 ppm avg. f or 8 hr s
5 ppm - avg. f or 8 hr s
4 pg/ M3 of Ai r MAAA 12 pg/ M5 of Ai r - 1% of
Ti me
30 pg/ M3 of Ai r - Hour l y Avg. -
1% of Ti me
Need f ur t her advi ce Recommendat i on no st andar d be set at pr esent t i me
h it
No st andar d necessar y
4 12 Ti m 30 Avg
0. 0 in 0. 0 per
Def St a Def St a
Tot al Suspended 2 Par t i cul at e
-4
<1 -4
75 pg/ M3 of Ai r AGM
200 pg/ M3 of Ai r - Not over 1% of days
75 pg/ M^ of Ai r AGM
200 pg/ M3 of Ai r - Not over 1% of days
75 200 ove
Page 2. ________
i
" Pol l ut ant ;
* - r-
|
Suspended Par t i cul at e ( Soi l i ng i ndex)
Set t l ed Par t i cul at e
1 ( Dust Fal l ) 1
St andar ds. . . . . . . . . .. . . . .
.........
Boar d of Heal t h St af f
Advi sor y Counci l Recommendat i ons
Recommendat i ons - 3/ 29/ 67 Let t er at Meet i ng May k, 1967 . . . . .
0, ^ Coh/ 1000 l i neal f eet A*GH
OA Coh/ 1000 l i neal f eet AGH
10 t ons/ sq,
Resi dent i al
20 t ons/ sq.
Hvy. i nd.
mi l e- 3 Mo.
mi l e-3 Mo.
avg. avg.
10 t ons/ sq. mi l e- 3 Mo. Avg. Resi dent i al 20 t ons/ sq. mi l e- 3 Mo, Avg. Hvy, I nd. 5 t ons- base ( Backgr d)
Lead
U 0 pg/ M^ 2k hr . avg.
5.0 pg m3 2^ hr. avg.
Ni t r ogen Oxi des
X Ber yl l i um m
j
Fl uor i des
-
o ( Tot al ( as HF) i n' Ai r) ,
o
O C3
Fl uor i des - For age
o Dr y Wgt . Basi s
o->
r o Fl uor i des ( Gaseous)
0.1 ppm avg. f or 1 hr .
0.1 pg/ M3 2k hr, avg. 1.0 par t s per bi l l i on par t s ai r
Recommendat i on no st andar d be set at pr esent t i me. Need f ur t her advi ce.
U f1
n_
n
35 par t s per mi l 1i on
35 par t s per mi l l i on
0*3 / Jg per sq. cent i met er
Recommendat i on no st andar d
be set at pr esent t i me. Need f ur t her advi ce.
Not es - MAA i s. maxi mum annual aver age. MAAA i s maxi mum al l owabl e annual aver age* AGM i s annual geomet r i c mean, un i s mi cr ogr am, f r i s cubi c met er , mg i s mi l l i gr am. Servi ce f act or i s obt ai ned by di vi di ng act ual days on st r eam by 365 downt i me i s nec t i me t o r epai r equi pment t hat oper at es cont i nuousl y.
h o mv /m:a si v. ; e pda PD C Publ i c Han ni ne May 25 , 1367
M' ont ans Ai r Pol l ut i on Cont r ol Advi sor y Counci 1 . Publ i c Hear i ng f or t he est abl i shment of An bi snt Ai r Quel i t y St an car ds.
oooOeoo
Pr oc eedi ngs cover i ng t he l ast 30 mi nut es of t he publ i c hear i ng, consi st i ng of t he t es t i mony and st at ement s of t he f ol l owi ng:
Uuno M. Sahi nen, Associ at e Di r ect or of t he Mont ana Bur eau of Mi nes and Geol ogy and Di r ect or of t he Mont ana Coal P. esour ces Resear ch Counci l Van Ki r ke Mel son, Chai r man- Ai r and Hat er Pol l ut i on Fl at head Di st r i ct Medi cal Soci et y Al f r ed l . ' al l ner , i i . D. Sec r et ar y Fl at head Medi cal Soci et y Dr . Rober t A. Kahoe, M. D. Pr of es s or Emer i t us of Occupat i onal Medi c i ne, Depar t ment of Envi r onment al Heal t h, Col l age of Medi ci ne, Uni ver si t y of Ci nc i nnat i , Ci nci nnat i , Ohi o
O3GG033
DR. KRECK: No, I don' t bel i eve so.
CHAI RMAN: Thank you. We' r e goi ng t o hear f r om Dr. Rober t
A. Kehoe, of Ci nci nnat i , Ohi o, and Dr. Kehoe, you hav-i
15 mi nut es.
DR. KEHOE: I wi sh t o t hank you, Mr . Chai r man, f or gi vi ng
6 me t he oppor t uni t y t o appear somewhat out of or der ,
7 so t hat I can make a l ong t i me ago engagement i n 8 Ci nci nnat i . Member s of t he Boar d, and ci t i zens of
e Mont ana, I ' m Dr. Rober t Kehoe of Ci nci nnat i , a
10
physi ci an, a physi ol ogi st , a member
Emer i t us of
n t he f acul t y of t he Col l ege of Medi ci ne of t he Uni ver
12 si t y of Ci nci nnat i , f or mer Di r ect or of t he Ket t er i ng
13 Labor at or y, j ust r ecent l y r et i r ed, a par t of t he
14 Depar t ment of Envi r onment al Heal t h i n t he Medi cal
15 School , Uni ver si t y of Ci nci nnat i . My r eason f or
16 appear i ng her e, pr i mar i l y, i n connect i on wi t h t he 17 devel opment Of cr i t er i a, t he saf e concent r at i on of 18 l ead i n ambi ent ai r . I t i s t he l ogi cal out come of 19 exper i ment al and cl i ni cal wor k i n r el at i on t o l ead 20 i n t he envi r onment of man over a per i od of t he past 21 40 year s. The exper i ment al wor k, whi ch i s car r i ed 22 out has been compr ehensi ve i n t he sense of wor ki ng 23 at t he ent i r e oppor t uni t i es f or exposur e t o l ead i n 24 t he enj oyment of men i n r el at i on t o f ood and bever 25 ages, whi ch ar e t he pr i nci pal sour ce of l ead, and 26 al so i n r el at i on t o t he ai r . Pr esent wor k i n t hi s 27 has been suppor t ed over a per i od of year s, now, by 28 t he Nat i onal Cent er f or Ai r Pol l ut i on of t he Publ i c 29 Ai r Pol l ut i on Cont r ol of t he Uni t ed St at es Publ i c 30 Heal t h Ser vi ce, and i n par t by a ser i es of i ndust r i al
SL CWCTT' S
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1 2 S 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
HEWe T T ' S
sponsor s of t hi s wor k. For t he past 5 year s, have been concer ned wi t h t he i nvest i gat i on of t he abi l i t y . of human subj ect s t o handl e l ead absor bed f r om t he t ot al envi r onment , f ood, bever ages and ai r wi t hout any pr ogr essi ve accumul at i on of l ead i n t hei r t i ssue. The t heor y of t hi s has been - - t he t heor y and pr ac t i ce of t hi s has been t hat t he t ot al i nt ake of l ead on t he par t of men, must be of such an or der of magni t ude, t hat i s t o say, t he f ood and bever ages and t he ai r , as wel l , must be of such an or der of magni t ude t hat t hey can be handl ed adequat el y by t he physi o l ogi cal mechani sm. So, t o such an ext ent t hat t her e shal l not be a pr ogr essi ve accumul at i on of l ead i n t he human or gans. Thi s, f r om a physi ol ogi cal poi nt of vi ew i s t he onl y cr i t er i a t hat can be appl i ed, consi der i ng t he mat t er of saf et y i n t hi s r espect , so I on as what we t ake i n f r om day t o day can be handl ed f r om day t o day, and excr et ed i n si mi l ar quant i t i es f r om day t o day, t her e wi l l be no pr ogr essi ve accumu l at i on. And, so l ong as t hi s can be accompl i shed, t he r i sk of t he devel opment of l ead poi si oni ng under t hese ci r cumst ances, i s, we bel i eve, ent i r el y negat i v ;. The exper i ment al wor k, whi ch i s concer ned wi t h t he devel opment of t hi s l evel i n t he at mospher e, af t er a number of year s spent i n devel opi ng what t he appr o pr i at e l evel s shoul d be i n t he f ood and bever ages i n t he count r y, f or whi ch a st andar d has been set , t hi s addi t i onal wor k on t he ai r , whi ch has been goi ng on f or t he l ast 5 year s, wi t h par t i cul ar r ef er ence t o what t he st andar d i n t he ai r shoul d be, wi l l pr obabl y
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1 be t er mi nat ed i n t he cour se of t he next t wo year s. 2 Thi s br i ngs me t o t he poi nt of gi vi ng you my vi ews 3 of what shoul d be done about t he st andar d f or l ead 4 i n t he at mospher e, meanwhi l e. Now, l et me say cat e 5 gor i cal l y, t hat t her e i s not a sci nt i l l a of evi dence 6 avai l abl e, wi t h r espect t o t he Amer i can popul at i on 7 t hat woul d i ndi cat e t her e i s any danger t o t he heal t h 8 of t he popul at i on f r om t he l ead whi ch t hey ar e now
e absor bi ng f r om t he f ood i n t he ai r . Thi s means t hat 10 t her e i s no i mmedi at e pr obl em, t hi s means t hat t her e n i s no ur gency about t hi s par t i cul ar mat t er .
12 The pr esent l oads i n t he ai r of r epr esent at i ve ci t i es 13 i ncl udi ng Los Angel es, whi ch was expect ed t o be, and 14 act ual l y t ur ned out t o be of t he hi ghest aver age 15 known i n Amer i can ci t i es, i s shown t hat t her e i s no 16 danger t o t he heal t h of t he peopl e, of t he absor pt i on 17 of l ead by t he whol e popul at i on. The second f aul t 18 i n t hi s i s, t hat t her e has been no mat er i al change 19 i n t he amount of l ead t hat has been absor bed by 20 or di nar y i ndi vi dual s i n t he popul at i on, as a conse 21 quence of t he addi t i on of t hat i n t he f ood and bever 22 ages t o t hat i n t he ai r over t he past 30 year s. 23 Dur i ng t hi s per i od of t i me, i t has been possi bl e t o 24 f ol l ow a r at her l ar ge popul at i on' s r oot s, and i f 25 t her e has been any change i n t hi s si t uat i on, t hen, 26 i t ' s of mi nor i mpor t ance, and i s of act ual l y dubi ous 27 quant i t y. But , i f t her e has been any change, i t has 28 been i n t he di r ect i on of downwar d, r at her t han up 29 war d. Pr i mar i l y f or t he r eason t hat t hi s f ood suppl y 30 of t he count r y has been under such a degr ee of
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sur vei l l ance, an. d has been accompani ed by such changes i n pr ocessi ng, t hat t he f ood suppl y has dr opped i n i t s l ead cont ent , whi ch means t hat t he t ot al may have dr opped, but has not mat er i al l y changed dur i ng t hi s per i od of some 30 year s. Thi s si t uat i on i s not expect ed t o change mat er i al l y i n any f or eseeabl e f ut ur e. I t has been sai d t hat i f t he i ncr ease i n mot or t r af f i c, wi t h t he i ncr ease i n number s of aut omobi l es i n t he use of mot or f uel s, t he l ead cont ent of t he ai r coul d be expect ed t o r i se accor di ngl y. Ther e i s no evi dence t hat t hat i s t he case, and our pr esent bel i ef i s t hat t hi s i s not t r ue, on f ai r l y sound evi dence. Ther e i s, t her ef or e no ur gency about t he est abl i shment of a st andar d whi ch woul d ser ve t o pr ot ect t he publ i c, i n connec t i on wi t h l ead i n t he ambi ent ai r . And i t i s st r ong! / r ecommended t o any and al l peopl e who ar e concer ned wi t h such st andar ds, t hat none be pr omul gat ed at pr esent , and i ndeed, unt i l such t i me as t he st andar d can be est abl i shed on a r el i abl e and val i d basi s. Evi dence, whi ch i s bei ng obt ai ned at pr esent by ext ensi ve exper i ment al wor k t o check t he val i di t y of what has been done pr evi ousl y, and f ur t her , t o ext end our i nf or mat i on. As a t hi r d gener al poi nt , r ef er ence has been made, and mat er i al s suppl i ed t o t hi s Counci l of a st andar d adopt ed r ecent l y by t he Commonweal t h of Pennsyl vani a. I t i s my opi ni on t hat t hi s was set pr emat ur el y, and t hi s opi ni on i s shar ed by aut hor i t i es f r om t he Depar t ment of Publ i c Heal t h i n t he St at e of Cal i f or ni a, t he st af f , of whi ch has
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* t EW TT `S
been busi l y engaged i n r esear ch, and has not come t o t he concl usi on t hat t he avai l abl e evi dence i s suf f i ci ent f or t he pur pose. I t shoul d be poi nt ed out t hat t he f i gur e set up i n Pennsyl vani a di f f er s f r om t hat pr oposed her e i n t hese t hr ee par t i cul ar s. I t i s def i ni t el y l abel ed by t he Pennsyl vani a aut hor i t i es as t ent at i ve, whi ch means t hat i t i s subj ect t o change upwar d, or downwar d, wi t h t he devel opment of f ur t her i nf or mat i on. I t i s based on a 30- day aver age, i nst ead of a 24- hour aver age, as i s t hat her e, and i t r el at es t o a f i xed ar ea i n whi ch t her e ar e peopl e t o be exposed dur i ng t he per i od set f or t h. I t i s r ecommended t hat no st andar d be adopt ed i n Mont ana, at t hi s t i me, and unt i l such t i me as t he evi dence on t hi s mat t er can be exami ned cr i t i cal l y by t he aut hor i t i es i n Mont ana. For t hi s r eason, I br ought al ong cer t ai n document s, cer t ai n document ar y evi dence, whi ch r el at es t o t he exper i ment al wor k done over a per i od of some 40 year s, and t o some r at her br i ef , I may say, summar i zat i on of t he wor k t hat has been done i n i t s r el at i on t o f ood and bever ages i n i t s r el at i on t o t he ai r i n t he ser i es of l ect ur es gi ven some year s ago, a f ew year s ago i n Engl and. Shoul d i t be concl uded by t he aut hor i t i es i n Mont ana, f or any r eason, t hat t he st andar d shoul d be pr omul gat ed i n t hi s St at e, on t he basi s of t he pr ecedent est abl i shed i n Pennsyl vani a, i t shoul d be qual i f i ed, at l east , t o t he same ext ent as t he Pennsyl vani a st andar d. I t i s bel i eved t hat t he st andar d i n t he St at e of Mont ana has l ess r eason f or
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/</r 0000038
hast e i n t hi s mat t er , i n t hi s St at e, t han t her e woul d
be i n many, i f not most of t he st at es of t he Uni t ed
St at es, f or r easons whi ch have been appar ent t o me
t hr ough vi si t s made her e over t he past sever al year s.
I mi ght say t hat - - I mi ght make one addi t i onal
r emar k, l est i t be t hought t hat I am her e r epr esent i ng
t he advi sabi l i t y of l ess st r i ngent st andar ds, t han
t hose t hat have been set . I shoul d l i ke t o make i t
qui t e cl ear t hat what we have been wor ki ng t owar d i n 10 t hi s per i od of year s i s a most st r i ngent st andar d 11 t hat can be consi der ed. A st andar d t hat says, l ead 12 i s danger ous i f i t exceeds t hat whi ch i s physi ol og-
/ 13 i cal l y capabl e of bei ng handl ed appr opr i at el y. 14 I f i t can be handl ed physi ol ogi cal l y, i n an ent i r el y 15 appr opr i at e manner , i t t hen i nduces no r i sk t o t he 16 publ i c, and under t hese ci r cumst ances, we woul d be 17 wi l l i ng t o pr omot e - - pr omul gat e such a st andar d. 18 And I can assur e you t hat such a st andar d wi l l come 19 f or t h f r om t hi s exper i ment al wor k i n t he not t oo 20 di st ant f ut ur e. Thank you, Hr . Chai r man. 21 MR. CHAI RMAN: Dr. Kehoe, I may be wr ong, but I don' t 22 t hi nk you st at ed f or t he r ecor d whom you r epr esent . 23 DR. KEHOE: I r epr esent mysel f , as an exper i enced i nvest i 24 gat or , and pr i mar i l y t he Uni ver si t y of Ci nci nnat i . 25 MR. CHAI RMAN: I wonder i f you woul d st at e f or t he r ecor d 26 what your i nt er est s i n t he Uni ver si t y of Ci nci nnat i 27 i s, and t he ambi ent ai r qual i t y st andar ds i n Mont ana. 28 DR. KEHOE: The Uni ver si t y of Ci nci nnat i , i n t hi s par t i c 29. ul ar mat t er , and i n cer t ai n ot her s, has been engaged 30 i n t he st udy of t he hazar ds of many mat er i al s t o
LEWETT' S
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0006089
1 i ndust r i al wor kmen and i n t he ext ensi on of t hi s t o 2 peopl e i n t he gener al popul at i on. I n t he f ul l r ecog S ni t i on of t he f act t hat ' t he i ndust r i al wor kmen has 4 a t ype of exposur e whi ch i s appr oxi mat el y 8 hour s a 5 day, f or 5 days a. week, whi l e we' r e deal i ng her e wi t h 6 cont i nuous exposur e. Thus, t he ext ensi on of t he 7 exper i ment al wor k f r om t he i ndust r i al t ype of 8 exposur e t o t he communi t y exposur e has been based on 9 t he devel opment of st andar ds whi ch appl y 24 hour s,
10 7 days a week f or t he r est of one' s l i f e.
11 HR. CHAI RMAN: Then, may t he r ecor d show t hat you' r e her e, 12 gi vi ng t he Commi ssi on t o t he Boar d of Heal t h of t he 13 St at e of Mont ana, as a publ i c ser vi ce, and not r epr e 14 sent i ng, or her e at t he behest of any ot her per son 15 or i nt er est - 16 DR. KEHOE: You' r e qui t e r i ght , I ' ve appear ed her e on my 17 own r ecogni zance. 18 MR. CHAI RMAN: Thank you. Now, we' r e goi ng t o r ecess, but 19 bef or e we do, t he Boar d has asked me t o ext end i t s 20 ver y hear t f el t t hanks t o ever y wi t ness who has 21 appear ed her e t oni ght , and ever y per son who has 22 appear ed her e t oni ght , f or your cour t esy and your 23 cooper at i on, i n t hi s r at her di f f i cul t hear i ng. 24 We wi l l r econvene pr ompt l y at 8 A. M. 25
26 27 oooOooo 28 29 30
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OAcUi3OXOlI
SUMMARY OF STATEMENT by
' 'V
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DR. ROBERT A. KEHOE
.
'' , '
Professor Emeritus of Occupational Medicine
'
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
.
...
and
Retired Director, Kettering Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health.
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
.
Before the Montana State Board of Health, Friday, May 26, 1967
0A*o3o;>
Research is at.present progressing at the University of Cincinnati
for development of criteria for a safe concentration of lead in the ambient
air. This work is supported in part by the National Center for Air Pollution
Control of the U.S. Public Health Service and in part by industrial organizations.
This research is the logical outcome of empericental and clinical work in
relation to lead in the environment of nan conducted over the past 40 years.
In brief, th situation regarding lead in the air is as follows:
1. The present levels of lead in the air of representative
U.S. cities are known and these levels pose no danger to the health of the people.
2. The absorption of lead by the population from all sources
has undergone no appreciable change during the past 30 years. Almost all of the
minute quantities of lead which the average nan takes in and excretes daily
come from his food and drink.
:~
?, '' 3. People's exposure to lead from all sources is not expected
to change materially in any foreseeable future, but there are satisfactory
methods by which any such change can be recognized promptly.
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'
' .
4. There is, therefore, no urgency about the establishment
of a standard for lead which would be intended to protect the public.
5. It is strongly recommended that no standards for lead
be promulgated until such time as this cane be done on reliable and valid
evidence -- evidence which is being obtained at present by experimental work
with human subjects.
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K 0 0 CG0 b 2
For distribution to:
Messrs. F. D. Gottwald G. F. Kirby K. S. Adams D. M. Batson L. E. Blanchard, Jr J. C. Carter, Jr. R. A. Douglass W. L. Faith K. A. Freberg B. C. Gottwald F. D. Gottwald, Jr. A. S. Hawkes R. Herzog H. E. Hesselberg J. H. Huguet y R. A. Kehoes C. G. Krieger F. J. McNally M. P. Murdock G. Roush, Jr. W. W. Sabin R. K. Scales A. Silverman K. Swartwood A. C. Tully C. C. Vogel F. P. Warne R. C. Williams C. H. Zeanah
'M I LL, a n d K N O W L T O N , Iure.
Envi r onment al Heal t h Uni t Memor andum
d ec eiv ed
May 29, 19^67
,,
MAY 31 1967
Subj ect : Mont ana Boar d of Heal t h Adopt s Ai r St andar ds Af t er Hear i ng Exper t s Caut i on on "Number s Game"
PUBLIC RELATIONS DEPT.
J
Hel ena, Mont ana -- I n week- end sessi on, f ol l owi ng publ i c hear i ngs Fr i day and Sat ur day mor ni ng, May 26- 27, t he Mont ana Boar d of Heal t h adopt ed a number of ambi ent ai r qual i t y st andar ds t o f or m a base on whi ch emi ssi on st andar ds and ot her ai r pol l ut i on cont r ol measur es ar e t o be devel oped.
Despi t e consi der abl e exper t t est i mony quest i oni ng some f i gur es and t he cur r ent need f or some st andar ds, t he Boar d adopt ed subst ant i al l y t he st af f r ecommendat i ons made Mar ch 29, except f or oxi dant s, car bon monoxi de, soi l i ng i ndex f or par t i cul at es, and ni t r ogen oxi des ( f or whi ch act i on was def er r ed) and f or l ead, whi ch was changed
f r om 1 mi cr ogr am, 24- hour aver age, t o 5 mi cr ogr ams on a 30- day aver age ( see at t ached) .
The Boar d' s act i on i ndi cat es t he pr essur e on such publ i c bodi es t o t ake af f i r mat i ve act i on r el at i ng t o pol l ut i on, whet her f ul l y necessar y or not , and al so t he wi l l i ngness of such bodi es t o accept r ecommendat i ons f r om t he Publ i c Heal t h Ser vi ce, r egar dl ess of ot her opi ni on and evi dence.
A number of exper t consul t ant s on var i ous phases of ai r pol l ut i on caut i oned t he Boar d t o avoi d set t i ng unr eal i st i c f i gur es. Whi l e t hey suppor t ed t he set t i ng of st andar ds f or some pol l ut ant s, t he exper t s suggest ed def er r i ng ot her s unt i l mor e sound i nf or mat i on about t he subst ances and t hei r cont r ol wan avai l abl e. The consul t ant s wer e pr esent ed at t he Boar d hear i ngs by at t or neys Lewi s Br own of t he Anaconda Company and Br uce Tool e f or t he Mont ana Pet r ol eum Associ at i on. Wi t nesses appear ed on behal f of t he oi l , power , pul p and paper , f or est pr oduct s, cement , chemi cal , and met al mi nes i ndvist r i es.
Suppor t f or t he st af f r ecommendat i ons came f r om Jean J. Schueneman, chi ef of t he cr i t er i a and st andar ds br anch, Nat i onal Cent er f or Ai r Pol l ut i on Cont r ol , USPHS. Ot her suppor t came f r om i ndi vi dual s or gr oups of ci t i zens f r om Gar r i son and Mi ssoul a ar eas. I ncl uded wer e a number of pr of essor s f r om t he Mont ana School of Mi nes at Mi ssoul a, some r epr esent i ng t he Sci ent i st s1 Commi t t ee f or Publ i c I nf or mat i on ( such l ocal sci ent i st s' commi t t ees ar e becomi ng i ncr easi ngl y act i ve on pol l ut i on mat t er s i n some par t s of t he count r y) . The Gar r i son pr obl em ( pr i mar i l y f l uor i des) r esul t s f r om oper at i ons of t he Rocky Mount ai n Phosphat es Company, whi ch i s f aci ng a f eder al ai r pol l ut i on conf er ence pr oceedi ng i n June. Pr obl ems i n Mi ssoul a ar ea ar e aggr avat ed by i t s geogr aphy whi ch l eads t o a vi r t ual cor ki ng up of t he smal l val l ey under cer t ai n weat her condi t i ons.
Among consul t ant s who di scussed t he ai r pol l ut i on pr obl ems wer e W. L. Fai t h, West Coast consul t ant ; Dr . Howar d Gar dner , Uni ver si t y of Washi ngt on; Pr of . Mer r i l l Ei senbud, New Yor k Uni ver si t y Medi cal Cent er ; Joseph D. Coons, consul t i ng engi neer ; Pr of . I r vi ng Taber shaw, Uni ver si t y of Cal i f or ni a; Pr of . Ral ph Smi t h, Wayne St at e Uni ver si t y, Det r oi t ; Dr . Er i c Cassel l , Mt . Si nai School of Medi ci ne, New Yor k; Kennet h W. Nel son, di r ect or of Hygi ene, Amer i can Smel t i ng and Ref i ni ng Company; Del ber t C. McCune, Boyce Thompson I nst i t ut e, New Yor k; Pr of . Adams of Washi ngt on St at e Uni ver si t y; John A. McGr at h of Fuel Resear ch I nst i t ut e, and Dr . Rober t Kehoe of Uni ver si t y of Ci nci nnat i .
St i l l uncer t ai n i s how t he st andar ds adopt ed wi l l be appl i ed t o set t i ng of emi ssi on st andar ds and t hei r enf or cement , and whet her t he st andar ds ar e t o be consi der ed goal s or l evel s t o be at t ai ned as qui ckl y as possi bl e t hr ough enf or cement act i ons.
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( UNOFFI CI AL)
MONTANA AMBI ENT AI R QUALI TY STANDARDS Adopt ed by
Mont ana St at e Boar d of Heal t h, May 28, 1967
Pol l ut ant s Sul f ur di oxi de
React i ve sul f ur
*
Suspended sul f at e Sul f ur i c aci d mi st
Hydr ogen sul f i de
Tot al suspended par t i cul at e
Set t l ed par t i cul at e ( Dust f al l )
Lead Ber yl l i um Fl uor i des, t ot al ( as HF)
i n ai r Fl uor i des ( as P) i n f or age
f or ani mal consumpt i on -- dr y wei ght basi s Fl uor i des ( gaseous)
St andar ds ( Maxi mum Per mi ssi bl e Concent r at i ons)
0.02 ppm, maxi mum annual aver age; 0.10 ppm, 24- hour aver age, not t o be exceeded over 1$ of t he days i n any 3- mont h per i od; 0.25 Ppm not t o be exceeded mor e t han 1 hour i n any 4 consecut i ve days. 0.25 mi l l i gr am sul f ur t r i oxi de per 100 squar e cent i met er s per day, maxi mum annual aver age; 0.50 mi l l i gr am sul f ur t r i oxi de per 100 squar e cent i met er s per day, maxi mum f or any 1- mont h per i od.
4 mi cr ogr ams per cubi c met er of ai r , maxi mum al l owabl e
annual aver age; 12 mi cr ogr ams per cubi c met er of ai r ,
not t o be exceeded over 2$ of t he t i me.
4 mi cr ogr ams per cubi c met er of ai r , maxi mum al l owabl e
annual aver age; 12 mi cr ogr ams per cubi c met er of ai r , not t o be exceeded over 1$ of t he t i me; 30 mi cr ogr ams
per cubi c met er of ai r , hour l y aver age, not t o be exceeded over 2$ of t he t i me.
0.03 ppm, - hour aver age, not t o be exceeded mor e t han t wi ce i n any 5 consecut i ve days; 0.05 ppm,
I ' - hour aver age, not t o be exceeded over t wi ce a year .
75 mi cr ogr ams per cubi c met er of ai r , annual geomet r i c mean; 200 mi cr ogr ams per cubi c met er of ai r , not t o be exceeded mor e t han 1$ of days a year . 15 t ons per squar e mi l e per mont h, 3- mont h aver age i n r esi dent i al ar eas, i ncl udi ng 5 t ons base backgr ound; 30 t ons per squar e mi l e per mont h, 3- mont h aver age i n heavy i ndust r i al ar eas, i ncl udi ng 5 t ons base
backgr ound.
5.0 mi cr ogr ams j >er cubi c met er of ai r , 30- day aver age.
0.01 mi cr ogr ams per cubi c met er of ai r , 30- days aver age.
1 par t per bi l l i on par t s of ai r .
35 par t s per mi l l i on.
0.3 mi cr ogr ams per squar e cent i met er per 28 days.
G0G034
