Document 2q2qGynp05naeV6yVGdGnpnL
MEMORANDUM REPORT
SUBJECT
ONE COAT HOUSE PAINTS ;:RX %t 6 VS COMPET3TIVES
Prepared-by:' L. S. Ludwig
>ky 12, 1955
^ c .w:
PAINT RESEARCH DEPARTMENT CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
THIS IS A
REPORT.
S961 G NflP
0007-SWP-045807
0007-SWP-000115180
ONE COj ROUSE FAIKT;-
Purpose. The purpose oi' this work is to evaiuar.s several competi
tive cr.e coat house paints in comparison with Rx bjis SWP House Paint One Coat White.
Conclusion
'
Rx 4?6 SWP One Coat White shows a more uniformly desirable
balance of properties than similar paints marketed by Wards, Sears,
Glidden, Devoe and du Pont. None of the competitive products equalled
Rx 476 in ease of application. Based upon the data obtained in this
survey and upon a considerable backlog of exposure testing, Rx hj6 is
j certain to show superior durability. It is well in line with, the
better competitive products for color, gloss, leveling, hiding power
and raw material cost. Some competitives feature so-called stain or
fume resistant paints with formulations of questionable value. In
.. general, Rx V76 was found to be an outstanding product which deserves
greater emphasis in our sales efforts.
.
Details of Tests Five.nationally distributed one coat house paints were
examined in comparison with Rx 4t 6 SWP One Coat White. Paints made . by Wards, Sears, -Glidden, Devoe and du Pont were included. All paints were purchased from local retail dealers. While the idea of a one poat house paint is not new, their large scale promotion by nationally known manufacturers is quite recent. In some cases they are being
0007-SWP-045808
0007-SWP-000115181
fearuro:: :t. rreference 'the standard grade of house paint. This
r case of wards and gears and both sources report good
; ~ur.-: dr their one coat paints. A Devoe representative stated
that they are now selling approximately equal volumes Of their one
coat and regular whites. Most suppliers offer one coat house paint v
in white only. Devoe offers two light tints in addition to their
white. In every case these paints are recommended for one coat
work over repaint surfaces or with a primer on new wood.
All pertinent features of the one coat paints were evalu
ated and' composition estimated on the basis of label analysis. Ap-
'plication properties are listed in the following table. Brushing .
was rated by an experienced operator during application of the. paints
to a primed surface. High shear values are given for. comparison..'
Paint
Application
Directions
bx k'(6 As is %
'Wards
' As is ' ' '
Sears . As is
Glidderi . As is
_.
Devoe
. Thin as needed
du Pont ; Thin as' needed
Brushing Excellent Good Fair Good Poor Good
High Shear
Settling
. 2.3 : rdr:'';/
3-3 ' V;i 4.0 . "
8 ."
3.8 ' . 8 r \ /;...,.'
5.i
5 , ' '\d '
3.7 " ; .,7,.
'
0007-SWP-045809 ........... .... . .................. ._ ....... .. . . . ....._____ ~...
0007-SWP-000115182
Package condition or settling was rated by the conven-
tior.ai method with 1C considered a? perfect. The Devoe paint
showed hard settling and vigorous stirring was required before it
.was ready for use. All other paints dispersed readily with, somewhat
more than average stirring required for the du Pont paint. The
Devoe paint had rather poor color in the package which bleached apt
fairly well after the film was exposed to light for several days.
The Sears paint appeared whitest both in the package and when brushed
out. Others showed good average color.
, > . In four cases, label directions state that the paint
should-he applied at package consistency while Devoe and du Pont
recommend^ us&.bf; thinner if. needed. In the brushout test, all paints
were applied as: received. Rx 476 was rated excellent for ease of
application and: is superior to all of the other paints in this respect.
Wards, Glidden and du Pont showed good brushing with Sears rated as
fair. The Devoe paint brushed poorly both full bodied and when thinned.
High shear values show excellent correlation with the actual brushout
ratings. -
.'
.
Physical properties and details of composition of the one
coat paints appear'in the two tables which follow.
.
0007-SWP-045810
Viscosity______ >.. /Gal _ to. 3 Cup StormerPenetration
Lb. Oil/Gal.
v'.c
Sears Glidden
15.27 lb. 13-13 T-3-75 15.00
27 sec, 50 55 40
82 KU 39 98 83
14 mm 6 14 21
4.31 4.27 4.11 5-30
Devoe du Pont
14.83 . 2-3.36
55 99 4l . 36
13 22
3.86 4.64
Actual weights; per gallon listed in the table compare closely
with the : calculated value s. The viscosity of Rx 476 is considered
ideal for ease of;application and control of spreading. Viscosity of
ail of the 'chmpetltive paints is rather high which may be intentional
on the part of the manufacturer to limit spreading rate and to obtain
better hiding. If package consistency is too high, the painter may
add thinner and-obtain poor hiding.
' Penetration was . determined by the filter paper- penetration
test. Values for'-the Glidden and du Pont paints are excessive Bind
would indicate the use of vehicles having rather poor holdout. Rx
-476 shows average 'penetration which yields good holdout and uniform
ity over a variety of surfaces. Low penetration of the Ward paint
Is due to the Chlordwax 70-alIcyd-bodied oil vehicle.
.'Pounds of -oil or oil plus resin solids per gallon are
listed. Rx 476 and three of the compititives are normal In this .
respect. . The Glidden paint is high while Devoe is below the amount
considered as desirable for a paint of this type.
0007-SWP-0 45811
0007-SWP-000115184
The second tab!
further ooints of interest for
c:. T-l t'h.e one coat pairas.
Lead
Hiding Raw Material
Retail Price
-v-
F VC Pigment
Units
Cost Per Gal.
Per Quart
Rx 476
33-5^ Yes
23,570
$2.07
$2.45
Wards
33-4 Yes
24,280
1.79
1.65
Sears Glidden Devoe
33-3 26.4 39-0
No Yes No
25,422 24,365 32,620
1.90 2.23 1.88
. 1.72 2.26 2.50
du Pont 30.4 No
25,215
1.98
2.27
Rx 476 has a pigment volume content of 33-5% which ex-
perience has demonstrated as being ideal for a paint of this type.
3fcree of the competitives are within this range with Glidden con-
siderabiy below.and Devoe above the preferred value. Rx 476, Wards
and Glidden contain lead pigments while Sears, Devoe and du Pont
are lead free.. ;
.
. Rx 1+76 and four of the competitives are well within the
same range for hiding power as based on pigment composition. Hiding
values for the competitive paints may vary somewhat from values listed
in the table since they are estimated as closely as possible from
the label analysis. The Devoe paint shows a high value for hiding
. . / '
due to the large amount of titanium-calcium pigment which it contains.
The result is 'an unbalanced formulation which be?:;wes poorly on
exposure tests.
,
. Rx 476 is somewhat higher in raw material cost than the
competitives with the exception of Glidden which is unusually high.
The cost of Rx 476 is not high in view of the outstanding durability
0* 'this product. Current retail prices per quart are listed.
..... ............
..... 0007 SWP-045812
0007-SWP-000115185
.- erne ct
one coat house paints are formulated along the
.. . : .. -he so-calj-e- luneproof and stain resistant paints. Mildew
istance is claimed in some cases. The paints included in this
survey are listed below, together with any specific claims made
for resistance to fumes or mildew.
.
Rx hjS SWF One Coat White
'
No claims made for being resistant to fumes or mildew,.
Contains lead pigments.
.
Wardwhite One Coat' House Paint
' ...
No claims made on label but catalog copy states, "Truly
stain resistant. Not only self cleaning .but does not collect dirt;
'
under siding edges or below eaves.-Resists copper screen, stains.
Wardwhite is believed as mildew resistant as it is now possible
'
tc make a paint." Contains lead pigment.
Sears Snowhite; One Coat House Paint 1
.. . -
Label states, "Will not discolor from industrial fumes, V. . . 1'
smog or gases. Contains recommended amount of anti-mildew agent!
for positive prevention; of attack by mildew organisms."
Glidden Endurance Imperial House Faint . . ,
..
...........No. claims made for being resistant: to fumes or mildew. ' - '
Contains lead pigment.
'
;
Pevce Worider-l-Coat House Paint
. Label states, "Mildew and.Fume. Resistant White. This product
is highly resistant to mildew and discoloration by fumes." A caution .
is giv-en which states, "May fail to give complete protection under
severe conditions."
..
- ----- 0007-SWF 045813
0007-SWP-000115186
clu Pont One Coat House Pair.t
No claims made ior ceing resistant to fumes or mildew.
Joes r.ot contain lead pigment.
Three of the above paints make strong claims for stain,
fume or mildew resistance. Vardwhite should have fair stain
resistance hut is subject to discoloration by sulfide fumes, '[heir
strong claim for mildew resistance is not justified since the paint
- contains no zinc oxide and very little fungicide. This formula is
. similar to . ope proposed by a pigment supplier and there is sound
reason to question.its durability. Sears Snowhite will not discolor
from' sulfide,fumes.: Fungicide content is too low for adequate mildew
protection. The Devoe paint is fume resistant and carries enough
fungicide to give fair mildew resistance. It contains tetrachloro-
phenol which tends to impart poor durability.
. ' - .'
Rx 476 contains lead pigments, hence is subject to;d.is-
coloration by sulfide fumes. Bx U36 should be used where such con- '
ditions exist. Lead, pigments serve a very useful function in Rx 476.
They provide a balanced formulation with maximum adhesion, control
of erosion and contribute toward ease of brushing. Zinc oxide in
Rx 476. ;in'the -form of; co-fumed leaded zinc forms zinc soaps which
.contribute.several, desirable properties including mildew resistance
and detergent removal of dirt. It is true that zinc pigments con
tribute.: toward staining but until we learn of a really effective and
economical fungicide it will be difficult to formulate without zinc
oxide. Many producers of stain ar.d fume resistant paints have ex
perienced serious mildew trouble. Our so-called "Intermix White" is
.
0007-SWP-045814
0007-SWP-000115ie
... - :
-....i :..i. is 'j 'u h c - resistant and. stain-
the acssEonly accepted sense.
Rx 476 has been subjected to actual house tests since 19^0.
It was designed to do a one coat job over repaint surfaces in good .
condition. Heavy films of paint are avoided in this manner. Cost
is considerably lover and service life is somewhat less than for a
two coat system. Based upon the data obtained in this survey and
upon a considerable backlog of exposure testing. It is concluded that
Rx b'jG is superior to the competitive one coat house paints. Remark
able ease of application should appeal to both the professional and
do-it-yourself painter. A carefully balanced formulation with uni-
formly desirable properties contributes toward a top quality product
in contrast with some paints which emphasize a single feature only.
0007-SWP-045815
00G7-SWP-000115188
-s-
Label analyses and composition of the one coat house paints are listed below.
Rx 476 SWP One Coat White
Label Analysis
Composition, OJ 34T
Pigment 63.6$ Vehicle 36.4?
Pounds Gallons
Materials
Pigment
Ozlo Co-fumed Leaded Zinc 37?
Basic Lead Sulfate 7?
Zinc Oxide
30?
Titanium Dioxide
24?
Magnesium Silicate
26?
Basic Carbonate White
13?
Lead
100?
Vehicle
Varnish*
9?
Raw Linseed Oil
57?
High Polymer Oil**
15?
Mineral Spirits and Driers 19?
: . Too?
*Non-volatile - Linseed Soya Alkyd Volatile - Mineral Spirits
175 75
175 60
360 130
53 33 48
316 23
5 83
1536 60? 40?
**Non-volatile - Linseed
100?
7.37 3.50 5.40
1.70 7.50 2.30 7.>30
4.CO 6.00
40.75 3.00
75 12.73 102.00
.
6232 62 C 2 6600 ' 6630 68 C 6 6805 (2? A 19) (3870) (29 C 14)
(1521) (902) (948)
(151)
Wardwhite One Coat House Paint 73 -4l
Label Analysis
Approximate Composition
Pigment 52? Vehicle 48?
Pounds Gallons Materials
Pigment Titanium Dioxide Titanium Calcium Pigment Basic Silicate White . Lead (48? FbO)
22? 60? 18? 100?
Vehicle
'
Linseed Oil
Linseed Alhyd Resin
Chlorinated Paraffin
Di(Phenyl Mercury)
Dodecenyl Succinate
Drier and Mineral Spirits
Active Ingredient: Di(Phenyl Mercury)
Dodecenyl Succinate Inert Ingredients
26.00? 23.00? 18.00?
.25?
32.75? 100.00?
.1?
99.9 100.6?
151.0 414.0
125.0 166.0 162.0 115.0
1.6
9-3 6.6 176.0
1326.5 "
4 .65 15.26
3-75 . 21.37.
19.43 8.40 .20
.94 .81 r/"\ , * ~'-)4t 102.00
6603 6685 6801
(1521) (3870)
287 (8 A 12.)
(903) (943) (145)
0 0 0 7-SWP-045816
0007-SWP-000115189
Sears Snowhite One Coat House Paint So. 190
Label Analyst
Approximate Composition
Figment 59Vehicle cO.c
Pounds
Gallons
Materials
Pigment
Titanium Dioxide
Zinc Oxide
Silicates
.
Vehicle
.
Processed Linseed Oil
Raw Linseed Oil
Drier
Phenyl Mercury Oleate
Mineral Spirits
..
Active Ingredientj,\Phenyl
- Mercury Oleate
.05$
Inert.Ingredient 9995~
' 100.00$
35-3$ 70.0
29. 4 . 223.0
35-3 243.0
100.0$ 293.0
174.0
30.4$ 237.0
4i.4$
.7
2.5 10.0 .1 7.0
25.6 143.0
100.0$ 1400.7
2.16
6603
6.37
6620
5.21
6721
12.30
6232 \
21.72 (2537)
30.42 l . (152I)
.10 (8 C 19)
1.00
(903)
.85 (943)
21.87
(145)
102.00
Glidden Endurance Imperial House Paint rt'" 1867 Outside White . : .
` '' Label Analysis
'
Approximate Composition :
. Pigment .60.7^ Vehicle 39 3%
r Pounds Gallons; : Material
f :* Pifemeht : V - ..'.'.'Cl''."?
'
Leaded ZincnOxide.
` ^ /' ^.Titaniuni^Qxidfi
"
H ', .Baritra^Sulfate.' V-. "
. Maj^esii^iSilicate 1
VeKldie $3 : . Linseedidil'-;
'
^^f^M'rierailSp'irJ
fPlilfp
46.0$ ... 433 t.;i.:ti8,92^^".t ' S- .68U6;>':V'^o^;!; : j 1. .
25.0.1<3f: 62:".
:6603|5^v|'i:\iS^.
20.8 ?4i7!' i
4.98 v.v Znr\ - ''-A, '
-
' 8.2,: i: .`. 195 . .. ',5.28 .
100.0$ 78" ''rs:3.z6
- 155
19.40
71 .r>i ?8l
.36.15- ; (1521
.
:
J7.0 5.5
i
V'X
.151-
13.84;-. (3876)'?'.1 : . -
6.0". -fii .95 -
100.0$' 40.' . 4-*t'H6.21V-
4;vl5526 .. ;t. -1102.00
n/
. .vvi;-....v-v
r r- >
. * . .i
" * , , * \ .V.
0007-SWP-045817
0007-SWP-000115190
-11-
Devoe Wonder-l-Coat House Paint Mildew & Fume Resistant White 301-04
Label. Analysis
Approximate Composition
Active Ingredients
Pounds
Tetrachlorophenol - l-Ojt Phenyl Mercury Acetate .1
650
Inert- Ingredients .v, . . .98*9%
72
Titanium Calcium
.43.1$
242
Titanium Dioxide -^- 4.8
180
Zinc Oxide
'-'16.1
206
Processed Linseed '0ili.25.7;
Pine Oil
; ' ' ' 1.0
Pet-roleum Thinner : 7 >4
15;
15 2
Driers (Metallic)
.5
10
. ' . '100.
8
Pigment 64-3$ 'Vehicle''35.7^
100
1500
. pigment
- -Titanium Calcium . 67.5*
; Titanium Dioxide
7.4
; 0Zinc'Oxide ;
rvv- 25.1
f%. j-:100.C$
. l.Vehlcle S. .
`
.'/Processed Linseed Oil ' " 72.0$
&Pine5Oil. .... . ^ ` - 2.8
`i'4 V ^Petroleum.. Thinner ' .'/Driers (Metallic)
:" ;v;i20i7'-. ` . ' 1.4'"'
Tetrachlorophenol ; .1 , 2.8
-.-Phenyl Mercury Acetate . _____X ... a;;...*;,--:n,...1.. 0 0,>0r?. 6Vv: ..
Gallons
24.00 2.22 5.16
22.50 26.50
1.94 2.05
-15 1.06
.92 15.00 102.00
Materials
6685 6600 6721 (2537)
iiSi!
1034 Bufen 30 (903) (943) (145)
H
ifedu .Pont One Coat HouseuTaiht: &?Wo."4l Outside- White"
^ k .>-'
.Label Analysis'
sfjt
Approximate Composition
Pounds . Gallons Material's
i. ; \V:
4..
V
".>***''
nium^0xide` '
- 3$ ; - ; :i7i*vv: ' .2.19 '
6600 '
-- * ''*&*< *------- !'"0ocide''4
' < '
33;M 212.'
6.07
: 6630 :
' '* .'/* **' * . :
' -fr - '
' SI Rentes ; '
> ' 276-:
5.90
TOCT:.. 276
II.65
; 62-32; :
^'.Vehicle
. 27a
34.85
(1521)
.*115.'-'.:
^linseed Oil, ; er .
8($.
' 5-.
;i94 .. 24.25. -10 . ' 1.00
.(2537) ;,(903) -
f'.jr.i
Mineral Spirits.
Bf-V;
-'
if 7 . .86 99 ` 15.23
? .(943) ' ' 145)-
si t s..
T5I5
102.00
: -<S?*a
`Kfe 0007-SWP-045818
0007-SWP-000115191
0007-SWP-00011519