Document 2q0QVqQYEQrVmdZp7pa1gExNp

------ li* wsM. 7a I. * * CWHOWISCHEJI SCHADKHWClCf DUXCH / owwix'n'ravXRriNiGtiuccv - Lechmt V. - KoLingasse 10, Wien - iENEDWsora. 1972 122/4 (43--49) Substance* which may on occupational exposure at (airly high concentrations cause disease or damage health are discussed. Of the many trace elements in inhaled air most are present in such small quantities that damage to health is hardly likely, even m the vicinity ol industrial plants etc. Certain metals such as nickel and cadmium merit greater attention in the future, however. Despite their low atmospheric concentration, socalled neighborhood cases have already been reported. Lead is one of die commonest and most severe atmospheric pollutants. Pollution by lead has been largely contributed to by the use of petrol containing lead. Longterm studies show that the maximum allowable concentration of lead may reduce tbe life expectancy of laboratory animals A toxicological effect is also suggested by the reduced activity of ALA dehydratase observed at such lead levels. This may be interpreted as an tarty sign of the effect of lead on this enzyme, important in synthesis of heme. To prevent further increase of lead levels in the nonoccupationally exposed populanon a rigorous reduction or elimination of the lead content in petrol should be enforced. Some air pollutants have decreased recently in some countries, due to legal action; this has not occurred with asbestos fibers, which are extremely dangerous. The presence of socalled asbestos bodies in the lungs of nonoccupationally exposed people indicates the necessity of further studies. Whether these bodies which give a positive reaction for iron are indeed for the major part asbestos bodies can only be decided by comparative serial investigations. Poisoning with organic mercury compounds resulting from consumption of mercury polluted fish has occurred not only in Japan (Minimata disease) but also in Scandinavia and Canada. This has led to an lnvesoganon of tht metabolism of these substances. Organic mercury compounds, especially methyl Hg compounds, have a particular affinity for tbe centre] nervous system. Determination of mercury in plasma or urine in cases of poisoning by these compounds yielded quite low Hg levels, though in whole blood or organs the level was much higher. For this reason mass poisonings have frequently been interpreted incorrectly. Prevention must consist of prepunfication of waste water at tbe appropriate industrial plant*. 423. Health aspects of nitrates In drinking water orvuovurvTs in watch ocauty aiaaiutai - OrueDV N. end Shuval ILL - ax* uxa aasaL 1170 (19-90) The danger at water contamination by nitrate softs is dealt with in this article, llacent development! have created tbe need to embark on a study to determine if present nitrate concentrations in drinking water are having any detrimental effects on the population exposed. In addition, the authors felt that a basic reevaluation of the nitrate standard in drinking water was called for, since this standard was Originally based on very limited toxicological and epidemiological information and has been subject to criticism for some years. Of particular concern has been tbe suspicion that a form of subdmical chronic methemoglobinemia might exist in infants in those areas with moderately high nitrate concentrations in drinking water. Consequently, the present state of knowledge concerning nitrate methemoglobinemia is also reviewed. 424. Health aspects of arsenical in the environment - Lisella F.S, Long KJL and Scott H.G. - Dept Prev. Med. Environm. Hlth, ColL Med, Univ, Iowa, Iowa City, la. 52240 jz^vmo'.njn.TH 1972 34/5 (511-518) In a literature review on arsenical compounds, this paper points out the possible hazards to human health and the environment resulting from their use. The major headings of this review include; the contemporary uses of arsenicals, illness and death associated with arsenic, arsenicals in the environment and analytical procedures for the detection of arsenic. 425. Role of cadmium In human and experimental hypertension - Thind GS. - Dept Med, Sdt Med, Univ. Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. 19146 - jaix pomxjwitOL ass. 1972 22/4 (287-270) Acute and chronic studies performed in the authors' laboratory in normal rabbits, dogs, human control subjects, and patients with hypertension are reviewed Cadmium, a common contaminant of air. water, and food, produces persistent hypertension in the rabbit and dog. The pervasive metal is predominantly deposited in the kidney and liver, and to a lesser extent in the blood vessels at the cadmium hypertensive rabbits. Vascular responsiveness to angiotensin in the cadmium hypertensive aortic strips was significantly lower thin that of the strips obtained from control nonnotensivw rabbits. Cadmium hypertensive aortic strips also developed significantly lower passive tension on step wise increase in the original length of the strips (strain). Administration of cadmium acetate directly into the renal artery, preceding tbe injection of the vasopressor (angiotensin, cpinephnne or norepinephrine), resulted in a dose related reversible inhibition of tbe vasopressor induced renal vasoconstriction. It is probable that significant pathophysiological changes in experimental cadmium hypertension would occur in tbe vascular system and the kidney, where cadmium deposition was the greatest Mean places cadmium levels were significantly higher la patients with hypertension. Plasma zinc levels, however, were significantly lower only in hypertensive patients with renovascular and renal parenchymal disease but not in essential hypertension patients. A program of detailed epidemiological studies and public health measures is needed for further definition of the role of cadmium in Idiopathic' human hypertension. 426. Alkyl mercury poisoning in humans. Report of an outbreak Pierce PJL Thompson J.F, Likosky WJi et aL - 815 Central Ave, Albany, N.Y. 12206 - JAKrtUODASa 1972 220/11 (1439-1442) Three members of a family of nine that ingested mercury contaminsted pork became ill 73 r> j ItesV. . ' W""" 11 wewaai'ppwiPW'i ems'p'TW^Wi t*." ucc 032136 t-*v1 j ** S < a * S' t * *' - ` ' v, ,>y`` ^* !**vvui^> i-^. " ' - ,,-~-vV.. '****? /^VmAw ' ^4 `--ZZ-' - *"*- .-Jitl-'.v------------ -- *% t -.- ht,44..T V- ' '---"- so they have vaccinated council staff against influenza in the autumn. It has not been possible accurately to assess the value of the procedure, 3/7666 (333) Editorial Brief raview of recent literature on this problem. but last winters figures are of some interest though the number are small Difficulties arose in 933. Carcinoma of pancreas due to effect of obtaining vaccine against the Hong Kong strain ' arsenic in a sell employed farmer ami vineyard in the autumn of 1968, and a monovalent vaccine tender - Panxaeas ca tnntCB ajiscnsinwiukcng fid did not arrive until January 1969. As the EtXtM SELBCTANOICCN lANtJWtZT UNO WZlNCASTXtn - expected epidemic had not yet materialized It Finzel L. - Dienstst, StzatL Gewerbearztes was decided to vaccinate those who were willing. Gewsrbeaufsicbtsamt. Heilbronn - In the autumn of 1969 vaccination again was AHapttiHPaoPAmlo*apimnn. 1970 5/9 (331-252) offered with a bivalent vaccine. In the first 33 During the years 1937 to 1939 a farmer had vaccinated persons there was an unduly high proportion complaining of minor side effects, and the dose for the remaining 87 was reduced from . 1 ml to 0.5-0.75 mL, and no further trouble was experienced. During the period 16 December 1969 used (9 times par yaar) an arsenical insecticide. He developed warts, and in 1951 a skin carcinoma had to be excised. Lymph node Aa--Inpwl g- -- continuous treatment for cancer of the right side of the head .to 27 January 1960 an outbreak of influenza and neck up to 1962. In 1966 Jaundice developed, occurred as part of the national epidemic with a peak locally in early January, when claims for and he died in 1967. At autopsy a carcinoma of the pancreas was found. A relation between his sick benefit reached a weekly figure of disease^) and his former occupational activities approximately 4502 above the seasonal average. was accepted by the insurance company. Strains of the Hong Kong variant of influenza virus A2 were isolated in the area. Returns from 934. Tbe future and lung cancer - Haddovr AJ. - councils of absence owing to illness, believed to be influenza, during December and January ware RSauh ILo~u 1970 7/3 (33-35) The impact of lung cancer on the population as follows: Unvaccinated 164, off sick 41; has changed enormously during this century and, vaccinated once only 27, off sick 7; vaccinated twice 85, off sick nil From this it will be teen to appraise what tbe future may bring, it is necessary to outline the events of the last few thst there is no difference in the absentee rate decades and the present position. Death rate of those who were unvaccinated from thost who from lung cancer is increasing. There is reason received one dose only in November 1969. In the to anticipate that the rate in males will continue case of those who received two doses there were to increase for a number of years, and that no absence*, and this is statistically significant mortality in '.venssn veil! soon begin to increase Although one cannot draw any firm conclusion much more rapidly. In other words, it is believed because of the small number who received one that in the near future we shall face a much dose only, and in 33 a reduced dose, the authors worse situanan than at present The age factor, think it teems prudent to advise an initial course and the role played by cigarette smoking are of two doses m the previously unvaccinated and mentioned. The smoking habits and lung cancer where there has bean a significant change in the strain of the A2 virus. mortality of women are 20 yr in arrears of the men and, if the present trend continues, they could, in the next 20 yr, reach the male mortality level Smoking in men is still increasing, but not as rapidly as formerly; in women it is increasing IS. CARCINOGENESIJ very rapidly. Air pollution is not a major factor. Unless tobacco consumption can be checked, little 92L World maps of cancer mortality rates and can be done. The situation will almost certainly frequency ratios. Parts 111 and fV (conclusion) - deteriorate further as smoking during school 'days Dunham LJ. and Bailar HI J.C - Nat Cancer is looked on more leniently today, with the result Inst, Betbesda, Md. - nmusnutcoguan. 1970 39/6 that more children leave school already confirmed (37-33) This is a continuation of a series which and often heavy smokers. As the latent period seems to be between IS ind 20 yr, it may be includes 16 maps of cancer mortality ratios and expected that lung cancer cases among people in frequency rates, based on a review of cancer data their thirties will be seen. by geographic areas. More than 100 such areas are included. The data are recorded on maps for the following cancers in males: oral cavity and pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines and If. LABOR AND MORBIDITY rectum, liver, larynx, lung, and bronchus, prostate, urinary bladder, and leukemia Data for females > 16J. Circulatory system are given for the following sites of cancer: oral cavity and pharynx, esophagus, intestines and 92S. Exercise and hypnotherapy in the rectum, breast, and uterine cervix. The data.are rehabilitation of tbe corooary patient - Kavanagh arranged in sequence by International List T, Shephard RJ, Pandit V. and Doney H. - numbers, with males placed before females where Rehab. Cent. Toronto aHOLPHYS-med 1970 51/10 both sexes are included. The present publication (578-587) ......................... is adapted from a longer article published in the A comparison was nude of 2 rehabilitation Journal of tha National Cancer Institute, VoL 41. programs for patients after coronary occlusion. Tha first consisted of progressive physcial KB. Nasal cancer In woodworkers IANCXT 1970 exercise under the supervision of a physician and 1^6 '- in fwsyin^gwsy *T ucc 032137