Document 2jDydaBBgGZx0kNbeQaMDm1zR

lOi'ifrti tniil>MriflW^ira&^ LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION 4M LBQNOTON AVtNUf NSW rom IT, M. y. 'Mtrir hi . '^I*wjpil|ihwi i wwsiwwwuwwwwi,,aiuwi'iM .i' c eb or me ctracais w it h nrn. f u s t ic s * Henry J. Whitson Assistant to Salaa Manager lational lead Company W lortc, 1. X. tho d m of lead in tho fora of land chsadcala for tho stablllsa* ties of rlnyl chloride retina 1s now about tan years old; is yom way know, unless these sc-oalled stabiliser* ara incorporated into polyvinyl chloride plastics, eowocly tencan aa vinyls," tba product* aada from that* resin* will datariorata very quickly undar normal uaa ooodltloon involving boat and lifcht, and indeed eould not eras ha aanufsetured, If it war* not for *o callad stabilisers! Also during tba aanufaetura of i vinyl plastics auch baat ia snecunt*rad in tba milling, calendering, and extruding processes. Such beat is necessary in order to nelt or fuse tba resin into a continuous, homogeneous mate rial. At those alarmted ts^afu tures which reach about 375 T, a --all saount of hydrochloric acid Is raleaeed from tba vinyl raein which, if not neutralised, will rapidly degrade the plastic, load coopound* wara among the earlleet aeterials tasted to roast with this free acid to fora baaio lead chloride, which la not haraful to the fladahad product. aPraaanted at the 21ith Annual Meeting, lead Induatriaa Aaaodstloa, April 19-1?, 1$$2, Chicago, ill* i Jg'flg | !WPfWwpp. I W --ra.-. <->,' n-MTiiifamu mm.<~n mi'i' 11 ~~ i-1 ivtfaii. Him-Miit i 'Huy Tfl.t*on ----------------- ------------------------------ -------------------- ---------------- ------2 - These lead ofpoiindi, la mU percentages of the finished plastla esterlal were found to bo very effective for this purpose, and indaad continue to ba tha wort widely uaad today, because of tbolr general all> around effectiveness* Originally, sows 20 years t|t> baaie oarbooata of load, litharge, and latar baalo alllocta of load were widely used and ttlll era, However, today, other load ocapowde, especially designed and oootroUad for such purposes bora boon ahooe to ba ei^erlor for epeciflo aaaa, da wore of tha rhawlstiy of vinyl ratio atablllaatlon ni learned, no* cowpouoda of load vara developed, Savaral hundred auob aalta aara prepared and tetted, and aa you sight aspect a fee possessed batter eharactariatloa than others. Such coopounda Include trlbaaie lead aulfata, lead phoaptaitaa, load ata ataa, lead phthalataa, lead aalicylataa, and others, each of Aiofc aa designed to aatiafy a definite need, for axaapla, tribaaia lead sulphate is an excellent heat stabiliser, and is used share this property la seat laportant, such aa lnaulatad sire stocks and other extruded compounds, tutorials like the lead aalta of phthalie and phosphorous adds have a vary high degree of both light stability and heat stability, and they can do both Jobs vary effectively. Lead salicylate being an eati-oxidant is a specific ultraviolet light screening agent aaoogst other things, and la used la products like vinyl floor tils where its effectiveness with asbestos filler la aoat laportant. Lead stearates are known as stabiliser* lubricants and are used in phenogrtpb records, share both stability and lubricity are vaiy iaperUst, and high fidelity and sold release are often* tinea the criteria. Other lead eeapounds havir* a refractive index of light nearly that of the vinyl reels Itself are need la translucent sad brightly oolored fila end sheeting stooks. Ia other words, nearly all of tha lsad stabilisers are tailor-wads to do a specific job* j..iju U.ilisi j[Ji. i. j .p is mi iwufssiwuaw. yji|WULiije^jjgUjl|i i.jxlULJSI mmmm mm "^lifUlT -s*" -r^--- ) firYrtTiiirfri nilr^rii i LIA16329 m Henry J. Shttaon -3 - It 1* estimated that the current d n of lead for the aarafeatare of vinyl lUfalUMn 1* In tbs neighborhood of k.000 too par year. TMj Mount will probably (t o o me the vinyl industry grows and la ourrwctly growing at tba rat# of nearly 20f par poor. The boat Informed aoaroaa estimate 600,000,000 pounds of vinyl rasin par poor by 19$& Praaant production la about it,000,000 pounds par poor, Although this k,000 tons of load la a aaaV\ Mount la eoaparlaon with tba total load oonauaptloa la tba country. It represents aa important use, baeauaa It finds lt May into parbapa six or eevaa hundred bUHc b pounds of finisbad prodoota wheio load baa not baan found befere. Such prodneta Inolnda rfiowar ears tains, rain ooata, upholstery, draparlaa, tabla olotba, phonograph records, gardan hose, lnaulatad wire, footmr, and any ir-~H~r outlets. Of ooursa tbara ara many othar aetallio ooapounda aaad as stabili sers for rinyls whose eheraeteiistiaa ara such that tbay fill a naad which laad salta eanaot do, aa aa aball aaa latar. Salta of tin, barium, aodlia, atror.tiga, ara used to a laaaar and varying actant. In tba last paar particularly naw compounds of cadaiua and barlua togotbar with apcxy eoapounda have aada acna inroads for apoaifia uaaa into tba flald of vinyl atablllaara. la in any industry, aspacially tba obaaleal industry, which Is svarchangint through rasawrob and developaaot, bwttar performing nsw matarlals will raplaoa older otvaa whoa tbay ara abown to do a battar Job. Purtbaraora, being eooh a aaall paroantaga of Just oos plaatle aatarial, rinyl atablllaara ara at the aarcy of Whatever new plastic Materials aay be developed which nay not Dead atablllaara at all. However, laad ehaadoala will contlma to bo tba coat widely used of all stshl 11 ter ocapounds for tba vlayl flald for aoaa tiaa to ocaa. t't-JaMf'h an. nivi.Ma.siajui iF r j r. I l p V 1: '! Amifesssaiftt 1 mm MNMpp LIA16330 Han17 J. Vhitaoo k- i Wa hare p*nt coruldarasla tisa, aa haa this aaioclatloo, educating . ! poopla Id tba plaatloa ladurtry la handling laad and orareoBing oartais prajudioa* eoDoemli4 tha toxicity of load ccwpsunda. Of couroa, wo all too* thla whola atcry, bat it la abating to dirooear what prajnitioai against laad do sdst aad boo silly sons spoclfleatlons ara, fha load laduatrlao laaoelatloa ara raodarlac a fraot aarrioo to tha load Industry by aondlng educational Information to anufacturara of plaatle product* to oworcooo thaao prajudlo**. for oopla, tha fact that load oo^oanda ara lncladod La acoa ond-producta, eraatoa raalatanoa la tha dads of any larga buyer* of plaatloa, fat thay ara perfectly willing to boy atarlala containing othar natal ecapouada which wa know ara la i m la- ataneoo aora tods than load. Wa at Rational load do a great doal of taotnioal aarrloa work. hioh la rary naoaaaary whan serving such aa indaxtry, aad try to ksap ahaad or at laaat abraort of tha trend* in tha whola plaatloa flail ao a can produce thoaa aotarlala which ara naadad aad dadrad. whila thla, togwtbor with raaaareh and darolopaant, la ooatly, It la aaoaaaary la tha fart onyj ng obaaloal ladurtry and, ao far, wa have found it to bo worths . whilo. Vo hara boon wall plaaaod with tha prograaa of tha wlnyl industry and particularly oar part la it to data, and wa art leaking for ward to aubatantlal lneraaaoa In tha laad raqdraaanto la ttdo flold dar ing tha noxt ssvwrol year*.