Document 2j7YMX0o0VdGO2823Xre52odb

: ^ j'' "I--f J p Industrial Hygiene Digest jlitelatule Gbshacts MEDICAL ENGINEERING LEGAL - - - decisions and trends tfniustlial Health Iflews . __ W MomUj By ' INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION 4400 FIFTH AVENUE ' PITTSBURGH. PA. PLAINTIFFS EXHIBIT WV-00417 lS ui*i***; ittot* 5, &: twin____,,. , _... .. In*urtHift ^TM . ____ It a omtH*d r*March nd Mfvlet InttV to proitet'-tht holth of workort In Indul May, 1943 Some Facts and Figures on Absenteeism An OV/I surrey finds that "plants without systematic plans for reducing the pauses of absenteeism have nearly twice the rate of job absences as those which have such programs." As the Foundation has Insisted for years (before absenteeism was a headline) the first step in reducing lost time is to keep adequate records -- audit ,your absences. Another important fact-finding measure is the plant hygiene survey* It is no more possible to maintain bealthfbl working conditions without a periodic ; curtey, than it is to maintain the quality of a product without periodic inspections* ^ To combat sick absenteeism, get the facts on absences, through proper records, a"`>Vi healthful working conditions through plant hygiene surveys. Otherwise, systematic procedure is ignored in favor of hit-or-miss methods* Speaking of figures, one meauberV' company reports the following experience for a group of 400 workers for the first halfyj of Aprils 273 workdays lost from all causes -- 190 from sickness and non-industrial injuries, 68 from personal causes, and 15 days from injuries* ' Guard Against Increase in Tuberculosis . Tuberculosis rates tend to rise in wartime. The alert Medical Department Ei of Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Co., has been directing a health educationV k Campaign among its employees stressing TB prevention. Meanwhile, the Public Health Serfice has made X-ray examinations of neai'ly a quarter of a million persons for ' W. tuberculosis, including more than 160,000 workers in war industries. Results show "slightly more than one in ovory 100 persons examined'have significant tuberoUlosim*J Red Cross Comment : Commenting on the Foundation's report, "What About Blood Banks former Workers?" which was sent to Members recently, an official of the Blood Donor of the American Red Cross writes: ".--Again, may I express my own appreciation that of the entire Service for the great help you have been to us in aocu&ul&tltig this data for your Member companies. Thoughtful support such as this Is golng to' such to insure the success of what I think we all agree is a worthwhile project**^ J" Armmvi Meeting Notes .. . . "...A war contractor was much surprised to learn that his 25 per cent'-' turnover was largely due to the uncontrolled fumes of a poisonous solvent" .`"It boon our feeling that if we can satisfactorily'control the use of materials U4tb0` plant, and then prove that control Is satisfactory by periodic physical examination we will not have cases of occupational disoaso develop. It has proved to be ' -the years."...."All too freguently, the first knowledge the medical or safely ^nest has of a new process, machine or material is when it is in operation. prevent dangerous exposure. The cost is higher for placing makeshift saf< rrr or esh&ust equipment on a machine after it Is in. use." 1 ' '' . N ; . ` 2& - , .... - v ' ' . - New Books Essential's of IndustHalHealth,by`.Dr* C.O. Sappington, ajroV 5 work, has just been published by-J, B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia* -- Keep War Workers Well - - - 1 '^VrCNK FOUNDATION' *AOO FIFTH AVtNUI . 1943 Industrial Hygiene Foundation 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa. INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE DIGEST Literature and News News Items 404 Color in Industry. ' . ........ ; "The best and nev/est way to promote good housekeeping," according to R,A. Massey, DuPont color expert, "is by:a new scientifically developed 'use of bright paint colors on all industrial interior surfaces, including even floors and machines." The national production scene was described as going technicolor in this man ner with remarkable results. The up-to-date trend is row upon row of machine tools painted in'carnival colors with here and there touches of brilliant red to emphasize danger points. Many factory interiors already display the new scientific color system. - They include government arsenals, naval shore stations and major war plants. Worked out in a three-year Du Pont research program to improve seeing conditions in industry, the most favored color scheme for machin ery has proved to be light gray and light.buff. Floors often are painted white, stippled with brown, while walls are finished in two high light-reflecting colors. 405 Special Warning Bulletin.-- Epidemic Korato-Conjunctivitis. A statement has been prepared jointly by the United States Public Health Service, Bethesda, Maryland and the Committee on Industrial Ophthalmology of the American 'MedicaluAssociation,....535Jtf. Dearborn,St., Chicago, Illinois, for distribution to all physicians. ' '. . :.......... " 406 .Absent Treatment. - >. . Two ingenious methods of combatting the growing absentee problem have been de vised by the New Britain (Connecticut) Machine Company and the Bell Aircraft Company, Buffalo, N. Y. The former awards, a weekly "Hitler Plaque" inscribed with a swastika, to the department with the poorest record. The latter desig nates workers abseni'without permission as "AV/OL," and replaces their time cards with "AV.'OL" cards. The foreman's approval is required boforo regular cards may be restored. -- Forbes Mag. ; 51; - (March. 1943). 407 Wartime Vacations. ; ` * A statement by Chairman Donald M. Nelson of the War Production Board on the sub ject of vacations says in part: "I'believe that the granting of vacations to industrial workers this year will be helpful to war production. Experience has shown that the volume of production is increased if the workers can restore their energies through periods of physical and mental rest, change and relaxation. After a brief vacation a woricer should be in bettor shape to contribute to the Industrial Hygiene Digest - 2 increased effort which our war program makes necessary. But it must be realized that our war production goals this year are nearly twice the size of last year's. Wartime vacations must be planned so as ta avoid interruption of working sched ules. Management and labor can and should plan the release of workers for vaca tions by working ahead in some departments, by arranging for staggered vaction schedules, by training substitutes and, where necessary, by working additional overtime." ` Book Reviews 408 Occupational Tumors c-nd Allied Diseases. Vi.C, Hueper. Charles C. Thomas, 220 Monroe St., Springfield, 111,` $8.00. -896 pp. (1342) , This book colates in detail the subject of tumors and- their relation to occupa tion. The material is presented from the view of tumor location with eight organ systems.receiving,the major consideration. The fourteen chapters cover: Concept' and significance of-, opcupatiomil tumors, tumors of the skin and its appendages, the alimentary system tumors, cancers of the respiratory system, urogenous organ malignant growths", hyperplastic and neoplastic diseases of the blood forming organs, mesenchymatous tumors, tumors of the eye and its adnexec, the nervous system tumors,, endocrine glandular malignant growths, sex organ tumors, special aspects.of occupational tumors, the relation of occupational neoplasia to.theories of cancerigenesis, and medicolegal and public health as pects. ,The: attention given.`to, the extensive literature has been thorough and excellent bibliographies are provided for each section. Occupational tumors have received more attention in .the foreign literature than in American. This work will be a valuable, reference, book,for industrial physicians. Legal Developments 409 Occupational Diseases. Pneumoconiosis Contracted by Employment in Gypsum Mine. As Creating Liability-Within Statute and Not Negligence, Statute of Limitations. The defendant appeals from a judgment in an action to recover for injuries suf fered by the. plaintiff while in its employ. _ Plaintiff had worked in the defendant's gypsum mine, for sixteen years, as a "loader" or ''driller." The drifts and" headings 'where he worked were constantly filled with clouds of dust caused by the pulverization of rock by drills and other machinery; and being forced to.breathe such atmospheres, he suffered a disease of the lungs, known as pneumoconiosis, which was the injury for which he sued. The defendant had set up a large fan at. the mouth of the mine, designed to. blow the dust out of the galleries ah"4 headings, but,'accprding^;to'thf`testimony of the plaintiff's wit nesses,,it disOjpjfc,. dp v;;*'action. was, brought!` five years after the plain tiff left the defendant's employment. 'The New York Practice Act makes three years the period of limitation for '"an action to recovor damages for * * * a personal injury, resulting from negligence"; and sub. 2 of Sec. 48 makes six years the period for "an action to recover upon a liability created by statute, industrial Hygiene Digest Methods of -Detection-and Determination 450 Electron Microscopy on Asbestos Dust end on Lungs in Asbestosis. 1. Kuehn. Arch.f.Gewerbepath., 1<5, 473 {April 16, 1942). (German)..... The author reports some microscopic studies of asbestos and of lungs of asbcc- tosis victims for the purpose of determining whet variety of asbestos is respons ible for asbestosis. Serpentine (chrystolite) asbestos is the form generally used, and it was supposed that it would be found in lungs with asbestosis. Sundius and Eygden disclosed, however, that only hornblende asbestosis is demon strable in the lungs,- suggesting that serpentine dust is decomposed in the tis sues. The author used the electron microscope to study the form, size end structure of'asbestos, both in free dust and as found in the lungs. It is usual ly easy to distinguish the :two fork's under the electron microscope, the serpen tine variety being, generally'curved, clear and transparent, and hornblende rigid and greater in diameter. Hbwever, oxamination of the particles from 3 lungs did not indicate clearly what'variety' was present. The phctomicroscopic determina tion of the refraction .exponent, suggested-by Sundius and Bygden, was then em ployed.,. That method revealed that the large asbestos needles isolated from the lungs were of.the hornblende type. It is concluded that serpentine asbestos is decomposed,in the lungs and is the essential cause of fibrosis. When asbestosis lungs are macerated, v.ith nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide, both free asbestos needles and asbestosis bodies are obtained-. Hornblende asbestos shews no signs of decomposition by the organism, 'either in the free needles or on the asbesto sis bodies. : . "" ' 481 Polarigraphic Determination of Lead.in Bones. E. V.einig. Z.Physiol. Chem., 273, 158-162(1942). (German). The polarigraphic method, ,v:hich is fully described, has' the advantages of use of smaller amounts of material, simpler preliminary treatment of the bone ash, and the automatic action of. the:.: polarigraph. . 432 Biochemistry of Silicic Acid. - -EC. Isolation and Identification of Minerals in Lung Kesiduos.'and Air-Borne Dusts- from Coal Mines. G. Kagelschmidt and E.J. King. . Biochem. J., 35, 152-158 (1941). The isolation of mineral residues from-lungs by digestion with hydrogen peroxide, and removal of carbon from these residues and from air-borne dusts by heating to 380C are described. The minerals in the residues arc then identified by x-ray. diffraction nethods. : :Data are presented for the constituents present in a lung residue and a mine dust; the main components are quartz and a member of each of the mica and kaolin groups.. 483 A New Method for the Determination of Pree Silica in Industrial Dusts. A. Salazar and L. Silveiman. . J.Ind.Hyg. & Tox., 25, 139-148 (April, 1943). The authors describe 4-now, method* for free silica determination, in v/hich the dust sample is first passed,directly- through.a controlled flame, fusing practi cally all'jjartidleS' except those of,, sil-ica. . The fused sample is then collected by an electrostatic'precipitator: :and removed to a microscope slide for analysis. The method can be applied to air-borne or rafter dust samples. The amount of free silica is determined by a direct count of the fused and unfused particles. Possible interfering materials are refractories and those which decrepitate at high temperatures. These interferences are not very common and when present nay * Industrial Hygiene Digest {lad. Hygiene foundation) (Initial & forward) Ti Lyle-Ballade?' M.1X rir i rtf *fl ^ n >i | i i y E. C.JBamee .. . IICDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION ` ..4400 fUTHATpTOl .: :: ....; . wmiutaa, fa. Vol. 5. FOUNDATION FACTS Ma7. 1943 Ptct i * "wi-iimr >uu4 * iMvMfUl HHtwitt M<*f in IntMCfiji Myflnn* TH Ptuntfitfen * * MmfeinM rtourcit n mtvIm int!tutin t* vntt IN* Hnaith if m*rktn in <fl4ury. No. S Sosa ?iet3 and figures on Absenteeism Aa 0*1 surrey find* that "plafltsCJJithQut systematic picas for reducing the c*osts ^ Marly twiqrfSfeaTyBts of iob absences as those which h soeh ptodwss," Ac the Pbuadationjtas Ijilsted for yaars (before absenteeisB headliMptfefirsWgWfc is radudSaMost time is to keep adequate raeords your It Is m ao] LbLst finding maasura Is tbs plant fcyglen< ^ healthful woddug conditions witboug^ijik&dic surrey, than 11 tbs quality of a product without perkbdi5Pctioiis. To combat sick tba facts oa absences* through acdpeiShcords-* and on healthful ' plant hygiene surrays* systmatic procadura la 1 ornlss sathods* oTrigures, ona member company ruSggcjfte ence for a group <i^olirap&o^ for tbs first hif of Apx^^p^pf workdays causes -- 19Q,^gdKrotfaoss and non-industrial m )L5 as* -*.T . * v ^ifrrrirnT.ocls -rates of Bestingboues Electric h Hew eopaigi sons its employees Carries has aads X-ray tubareulosls*. a 16Oi "slifibtly tiiro-thna o cry 100 persons Bad CiosyfeaBa: LOSlS Tbs alart Kedlcal Department * directing. * heaLth education Meanwhile* tbs Public Hoalth of a million parsons for war industries. Rasults shew that have signifiesst tuberculosis.^ on tba foundation1 a re Blood Banks for Bar sent to. Members recently. tba Blood Conor Semes Bad Croat writes; ,r-.*Agaia, own appreciation ond ntira Sartics far the- great help *us in aecmulating for your Harter orpanl as. Thoughtful support /this is going to to to insure tba gaccagg cf Act t think ww all agraa^a a bnbila project,* _ ________Meatia* Botes ^A? - - t wcreumi mini wag socb surprised to loam, 25 par cast labor tugnatar was TaTgalj 4o .t- tlv usoontrollad fuse of a pal solvent*.las- baas ourr feeling tJhpi.i^yiglagB satisfactorily control tba use tarisls la tba plant, sad. than ggOTt.thst; aostxsl It satisfactory by periodic ^ cal asaninatiens. ww will not bavw oases oTcfcsupatioosl dt sonso develop. It bas proved to be such ever the yaazs*9***-eXlX too fra^iastlj, tba first ksowLodga tbs nsdical or safety deport* neat her nf i naw'jfijriemiO--1or natarial;is wbam.it la Is operation. forethought will prwvwst dangerous 'woceemi "The cost lit bigger fbr placing makeshift safeguards or sAcust aooitMBtrCs aramettav after it is is nssv ' ttaadifig work*. " vfcvSdSS: ;:>* v. %SS^SMk^:^ . .. .. . .. ... ... .. iMutiaXs of Indusrii 'anitb, br Dr* S^pisctoa. as out- by X*. B JLippgssott Co., PMlsdslpbla. W ---- 'Cft."Tv 'i. ^ .* .v* . . . --r'.' ' .`V -243, 7IZ. 5. Industrial Hygiene Foundation, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Fa, 404 bast and newest jpc^^D^p^^plag," according to R.A. Massey, Du Pontcolor expert, developed use of bright paiat colors on all industria. _ s, ladudlag area floors sad machines.n The national production^ cribad as going tacbalcolor la this man- ner with ranarkabla result ~,J te trend is row upon row of sac bins tools painted ia carnival? ia|S|^wit and there touches of brilliant red to emphasize daagar poiajfrrJfl ^^T^jjqcfae .tarlors already display the new scientific eelQTjknrfmr*l!h9y ififTude at artoaals, naval shore stations and major war <gxhx&< Worked out ism thraayyjser Du Font research program to improve ary sti: itloos la indusl ^ the sfavored color schema for macbin- be light gray sad" m * . Loors often are painted white, brows, while walls are w high light-?ef1 sctlog colors. Warning Bulletin. -- Boldomlg Ka~ ' statement has been prepared jointly by Betheada, Maryland and the Committee oa lad' _ Medical Association, 535 N. Dearborn St., Chi all physicians. : ` ; :, Public Health Service, logy of the American s, for distribution to 406 Absent Trcshaent. - *- . : Two ingenious methods of combatting the growing absi problem have been ds- vised by tbs New Britain (Connecticut) Machine C< tha Ball Aircraft Company, Buffalo, H. T. The - former awards a weekly _ Flatus" inscribed witha swastika, to the department with the poorest recol _ Tha latter dcsig- nates workers absent without permission as "AWl,* and redacts their time cards with wASfQL* cards. The'formaan* $ approval is required before regular cards nay be restored. -- Forbes Mag., 5j (March, 1943). 407 Wertlme Vacations. A statasent by Chairman Donald M. Nelson of the tar Production Board on the sub- !ject of vacations says la ports- "1 believa that tha granting of vacations to industrial workers this year will be holpful to war production* Experience ins shown that tha voluma of production is incraaaad if tha workers can restore tneir snargiea through porioda of ^physical and mental rest, change and relaxation. After * brief vacation a worker should ba in better chape* to contribute to the Industrial Hrgltae Digest - z increased 9ttort which our war program nakes necessary. But it oust be realized that our war production goals this year ara nearly twlco the size of last year's, Wartime vacations must ha plumed, so as to avoid interruption of working ached- ulaa. Management and labor can and should plan the release of workers for raca- tiona'by. working ahead in some departments, by arranging for staggered Taction schedules, by training subititutas and, whore necessary, by working additional overtime." ,, 408 Oceunatlo led Diseases. W.C. Bieper* Thomas, 220 Monroe .3 {1942) _ This subject of tuners jugftheir relation to occupa- tio. x __ ^Klocatioa with eight ' ' ~~ race The fourteen chapters campr:- Concopt re, tmore of the akin and iw appendages, the Tancers of the respiratory system, urogcaous organ nail, and neoplastic diseases of the blood fozsing organs tumors of the eye and Its adnaxae, the norroua systea t\aorI ir malignant growths, sex organ tuners, special especte *a# the relation of occupational neoplasia to theories medicolegal ami public health as- poets. - The aft .e literature has been thorough and excollsnt bibli section. Occupational tuners have received attention in t erature then in American. This work will, Suable reference trial physicians. 409 Occupation* nsaa. Pneiaocoflioaii Contracted oyaant In Gypsum Mine. As Creatine Liability Within Statute and Mot Statute of lialtc::;ns. The defendant appeals from a jud^ent in an action tos*^e?ar for injuries s-f- fored by the plaintiff while in its employ. Plaintifggkd worked in the defendant's gypsua sine, for sixteen yeera, aa a *loadaf*Sg)"drilIer." The drifts and headings where he worked warn constantly fiHed^With clouds of dust caused by the' pulverization of rock by drills and other each!nary; end being forced to breathe such atmospheres, he suffered a disease of the lungs, known es pa*i^coaiis, whtch itt the injury for which he sued. The defendant bad set up a large fan at the Bo\zth of;.tha nine, desl&sd to blow the dust out of tss galleries and headihgs, but according to the testimony of the plaintiff's wit nesses, it -did'iioVde''' TbP' action was brought fits years after the plain tiff left Jhe defendant* s' Wployiisnt. L Tbs Mew Toxk Practice Act makes three years the .period of IdJBiialion for "ah actios to recovar demages for * * * 1 personal injvptiris^ti^^ .and sub. Z of Sec. 46 makes six yeere the period for "an action to recover upon a liability created by statute, Industrial Sygitne Digest - 3 sxcept a penalty forfeiture.* The statute prondes that "an air currant sufficient to Mmove sacks and noxious gases and to insure the safety of aTexy ployee shall be conducted along every passageway and working place." Air, with the dust of powdered rock, is within this language. The New Yoxfc Laoor Law required "all machinery creating dust or impurities" to "be equipoed with proper hoods and pipes connected to an exhaust fan of sufficient * * * to remove such dust"; and that "suction dsvlces shall'bs provided which *hn remove * * * Impurities *** by meanest propsr hoods connected to conduits and ` ` fans#* The court held tjaSjawo easements were for the benefit of .oyees who might be ex^oSm to the danger of breathing dust, and ttsd"l^ishUitjg^ithi^sub. 2 of Sec. 48 of the Civil Practj iKeayjrom gJjjEyjgsmIpport to a finding that the employer 'should have: l.e, been guilty of 'fespligeni Urns caused by breathing dust for sixtedjSJm end how >ne in the last year, ware indeed dabAaMfVout no one )ple must deny all conaeotion/wtiMg thsm. The find that during the ytam> in^MSstioa he had suffer* affirmed. Storaelll Oypsua Co,, U.S.C.C.A. ci< (CCS). 410 ...... ..i..t..i.t..i.s......T..e..n..e...n..a..t............................. ...... n ta Being final and Conclusive. Plaintiff appealsrfre|(^ri^fd*^^ch4HttbAha the comssloaer's award denying plaintiff compnsatlon#^raainti^y^R9pIoysd by defendant in the removal of bulk cmeant from box ca^K^Plju^^jl^Sotlced a breaking out on hij skin, which spread over hit body. He^waugr^^i to quit work. Doctors diagnosed his con dition as cmaent dexaatlMxjgfc^ieraat^gia venenata. Plaintiff filed applica tion for adjustment oralaA^dsr thejTe^up&tional disease amendment, (Comp. Laws Supp. 1940, Ann. 1942 Cis. Supp. Sec. 17.220 et soq.) 3e allejsavflhi'he was stiffening mffteeaaetltis venenata, a disease re sulting froaMSwcpJfture of his ampldyBat,^xrwhich lschedulod as an occupa tional (^cs^a^^A medical. caBsaisst^^o eku$Md plaintiff, about 9 months afte5*dSuHrwork, found that plaini^^^was'^nerlng from dsmatitls harpeti- ch is not compensable vmder^hqfc. Ac4^5hfendaata contend that plain- suffering from the same diseasi _ 1940, when he was ohlig- quit work, until the hearing October^ the report of the dical commission, who examined him la,***-, si and conclusive, The report of the medical comission case vsis fij conclusive only as to plaintiff's condition when the comisalon department erred in determining. In effect, that the report of the comission was, as a matter, of law, final end conclusive as to plaint12?s condition during the en- tire period from 1940 to 1941. The deportment' a Is vacated and set aside, aad the ease Is remsndod# wivo t. Lo sella tion Company et al. Mich# Supreme Ct. Decided April 6, 1943. (CCH). 411 Gradual Suffocation by Gas Causing Death of Miner.__ KotldlSef Motion for Judg ment Failinx to Show Hsmcdv tinder *ct. Plaintiff filed in the court below a notice of motion for Jud^ent, seeking to recover demagog for the wrongful death of plaintiff's decedent. She alleged that the defendant owed its maployess the duty of furnithing thm a reasonably safe place In which to work, and to that end should have installed la the nine where deeedoat worked the necessary devices to ventilate It properly. --8 defendant filed a demurrer to the .-notice of motion for jed#Mst alleging that . by virtue of the provisions of the WortaMn's Compensation Act the lower <=our^ . was doprivod of jurisdiction of the subject-matter of the suit. To a jud^en. sustaining a dmurrer plaintiff obtained this wit of error* plainti** contention is that the notice of motion shove on its face that her cause of Industrial Sygifne Digest 4 actios Is not compensable under tbs Worlflaen's Compensation Act end that bsaca sbs has tbs right to pursue ber action at law. Since the notice of notion does not affirmatively show on its face that tbs lower court baa been deprived of jurisdiction of tbs subject-natter of the suit bp the provisions of the Vorfc- aen's Compensation Act, as alleged in tbs demurrer, tbs demurrer should hare been overruled. Whether plaintiff has a good cause of action at law or whether the natter is governed by the Workmen* s Compensation Act will depend upon the appli cation of the principles stated, to the facts and circmstencea to be developed at the bearing. All that has been d^lded is that tbs plaintiff's notice of motion for judgunt does not shojfewnSLtp ?*ce that ber remedy is under the Wo: su>s^Compensation Act and is nM ve preseat ceatoa-law actica. For ti rohgopsthe judAaat ccmplUnd oJ^ls reversed and the case remanded fo: procejgugs. ^J)aeverM^4M) rounded, Aistroo v, Blud Diamond C01 Inc. Decided Kerch a, 1943. (CCS) 412 Plsablir Saloyaent mtahAietiaa of Carboa Monoxide. Cos tioa Between ntion in which plaintiff aamghV^fldgnent on the ground dial against Travelers^TOwaace Company and plain- royari of no cause and action by the defen ^aterposed tire daad*^M gyltained, and the altarsatlve dlaalssed. pda employpAvvraley, n detlor in automobiles, in the parts _ _ rajtnat his disability was due to in- baling frnes 'hum tbs its iXes being tostod sad repaired la isau- dlate proximity to tbs establistoent in which plaintiff per- formed bis duties; that 1 atloa of carboa monoxide and other fumes and gases from the a IUS'1 t brought about plaintiff's collapse, An attApt was 'made roi iohaif alatlff that he suffered from a dis easeof the spinal Siace>ai> eas located, bla doctors accepted the possibility^!tg^SBia as t'bH'fee cause disoase, and since a toxic condi- tion fitted,jgyt^p` the theory of csr^pa polsonlng, they inclined to a correX|*i<8g?^5arboa aoaoxldo wis$ ' The testimony on the port of theWCetie attributes plaintiff* s^' nerve disease of the spins! `fixes the cause as infeefio nating the toHc effects n monoxide, dace no evidence of^gp&oa moho^de was apparent upon dem on. Any relation between plaintiff* 9<gpwyn$%^4ad the disability from ch he la sufferlag remain solely a possibility. a&ffik there was a clear duty aid burden upoa plaintiff to oatabllsh a dofts^to^caswijfolatioa between his employment sad his disability, la the assumption^ whlwduty and burden he has foiled and since thia point is finally decisive ojg^Bfco case, plaintiff* s demands ware properly -rejected* - Xud^ent affirmed, Oezdfibr v. Travelers Insurance Company rt al. La. Court of Appoal* Sad Circuit. oeciid March 1. 1943. 413 Death from Carbon-Tetrachlorlde Used ci--W4eg fim**- lance Opon Coatrl- buttons for Household Sraensos as Establishing Partial" ____ancr, Schweitzer died from poisoning from carbon-tetrachloride whCh waa being used aa a cleaning solvent while he was employed oa tho yacht of appellant, Wendo. Decedent, 18 years of age, and received $90 a month and "found," amounting to $80 per month* Oatil his employment on the yacht, he had been living at home with hie father and mother, AH the children who were able to do so contributed to a common family pool -which *U expended by the mother to cower all oxpenditurei* The decedent contributed approximately $101 to the fttHy budget; all hie contributions were expended by the mother for the teble or for the purchase of things -for the home*- While Aployod ea the yacht, decedent lived aboard it. 'An'tward wts made to -decedent*e parents as partial dependents. Suit was brought to enjoia enforeameat of the award, from an order donylng the injunction, Industrie! Sjygieae Digest - 5 appellants appeal. Thar* was substantial evidence to support appellee' s finding of such dependency, taking into account tba ages of the fatbar and . notbar, the earnings of tba fatbar and of tba otbe; cblldran and tba fact that docedeat: bud been contributing to tba porants more than what ba cost tba. Par- ants arodapandonf if their own rosources are not sufficient to support than cron if they receive help from tboir othar children. Tba taat is whether his contribution was in whole or in part a ncens of maintaining then in tba nanner in which they had bean living and whether they looked forward to and relied upon tba- continuance of decedent1 a contractions to that and. Affirmed, ffcade. at al . McKanlgal, at al. 2nd Cir. Decided April 30, 19437Tcch) 414 ewski. Arch. f. Gewor- ). (Geman). UHoconlosls" than those rc- jrtod ia the Xarch^lest T^^^cts^dQflBd^and 271). It included 125 workers at tbo Trankfort of whom 96 ware directly exposed. Clinical examination* a^ttggsW&Mence of inflametory respiratory dis orders, aspacialiy rapaa$m^^^H^or bronchitis, sometimes accompanied by gaatro-intestinal dist^OM^^^icjprslation was observed between symptoms end duration of. exposys^roSB&st w&pinfsa stated that onset bad occurred within the last two yoars^K^^L sod^UKitat^d^ssts and lung function testa were in conclusive. ^raj^pMminationjs^wad ^gn^ficaat" changes in 39, "marked* chan ges in.17, j>toS^^viioped',_ln 4 hg&. "in^gp^sT, in 3, out of tba 125 subjects. Host of tbf^s^gctfleant" cases and,&.1 tSM^tbsrs bad bad exposure of 1 to 20 years^s^JXjjiJeal signs did not .corrtf^Jnd jkcMrity with radiograph!cal oppear- Stnly a few eases ware prolo^Sgrt^xplzraSdn and bronchitis rales acted. Sropaacy between these results.'.^pswing^a^Bgb incidence (19.2$ conciu- 31.2% significant) of "damnum IwSg&and ^Atagativa findings reported by earlier investigations is explained onh^B^baeitf^p^an alteration in the pro cess during the last two years, involving t^rproddC^i&a, of a greater amount of dust, the particles of which era such finer andesfe a^bngcr protected by a film of alimihia atearate caused by tbs foaesr^^tion of etearlne during the stamping precise. (Also, as pointed out in Abatrt 3o. 270, March Digest, 'blackout conditions greatly roduce ventilntion ajs^'cvrespondlngly incrc&so dustinoM*)r7;'; ' .'""/f "V 415 Ika*eri.to tiniM 'fww ai iih wm Dust. Ztm, Jdotten Eickhoff. Aren.f. Hyg. & Bakt.. 1277 344-367(1942). . :` Tbo authors review the literature on "altaoinoeie" with special reference to the natorlal covered in the precoding abstract' and Bo*. 269-272 (March Digest). A survey of the earlier literature emphasize! tbs difference between "cl^mosis" end silicosis* Tbs former. is chnracterlzod by tbs symptoms of bronchial :ntarrh, inflematory ceil proliferation,' and x-ray evidence of diffuse fine stippling, but no'fibrosis, as demonstrated by Xoettea said by Xhrlmuaa la 1939 in *"inrl expcrlmontfl in am atmosphere containing 50-100 sg. of aluminum bronze lust psr m'SfcgaflehB& pathological changes. Soev:r, Goralewaid JsjM. riwce^eSi./al highinbidencei of symptoms of respiratory end gir.. intestinal disturbance among' dLiniasi wprkers. Clinicel findings were slignt in comparison with .the severity subjective symptoms, which also have no relation Industrial Hygiene Digest 6 to the duration of work. The reasons for the increase tri given as in the preceding abstract* The authors advoeate a chemical theory somewhat similar to that of Boelsch {Abetraot No. 272, JUrch Digest). 416 Tho Isolation of B. Anthracls From Industrial Material, with Special Reference to the Resistance of the Spores ^f Heat. S.H. Jonas. J- Path, i Sect. 54, 307-314 (July, 1942). ! --^ Tho author describes ths isolation of Bacillus anthracls from industrial mater ial and makes special reference to ^hdjprcsistance of the spores to heat. He shows <auito clearly that of threa^^ot^ tested, spore suspensions showed a on of the. viable count arwftoxposure to a temperature of 80C, for, she of bo: negntiv fiTC res. Be quotes tho investigation of d boen carried out at 60C, and all rsioit^ftero which the material was for f Bacillus anthmcis were^mfflsRSsSTerlfled by animal bacillus by jmTImp, of ' demonstrating capsule^cramrtrue anthrax . broth euspensioa to ra&cs?vwo or three added, and stainUb tM with polychrome useful^rap&ways to be usod in con- 417 _________ P. Soessing. Arch. f. Gewerbepath* nber 31, 1941) (German), A ravie* of the aing with special reference to liver injury lends to liver is frequently affected, but that the nature of t pathological and histological inves- tlgatlons have poisoning, injury of tho roti- culo-endotbalial f the liver cells, various stages'of acute y Tphy; ning, 'disappearance of glycogen, fatty infiltrd necrosis,' rop&rat regenerative changes, conges- tion of ;s, periportal hypo^lai rem theso findings it seems unlikely cirrhosis is a red * onic poisonings. In most eported, arsenic has cot toAc agent; also involvod nicotine, lead, copper, c ' and intestinal distur- Animal experiments era not ontird nce in many animals t liver injury, such as coccidiosls in a predisposition to ejrimental lesions, by toxic agents.' Cirrho r is considered esscntially a .chronic progressive .hepatitis, _ iver calls and pro dueed by to^c jagonts, in moll do ses over long p<jfc$ A typical case of cirrhosis, caused by a combination of factors, wit " c and lead predoainnt- log,, is .that of a .worker engaged in the manufacture l#ad and calcium arsenate, with sooe expoeure also to dlnitro-ortho-cresol. He od symptoms which were first diagnosed as lead poisoning, later ns cirrho th ascites. The opinion that arsenicjas tho chief toxic agent was based %^&e presence of melanosis, hyperkeratosis, intostiaal symptoms and a grentlj^icreesed content of arsenic in the hair, Lead, and to a slighter degree, dinf^ro-ortho-crosol wero considered contributory factors. The author believes that the combined cumulative effect of serorai toxic agents on the liver Is greater than that of any single agent and that arsenic alone, especially In the cirrhosis often found in wine dressers, cannot he considered a primary cirrhosis-producing ogont. 418 Tha To^citv of 7. Hyslop, l.T. f&lrhmll and others. Bull. No. 131, National Institute of Health,. T7.S, Public Health Service, 56 pp. (1943). ?or sale by Supt.. of Docvaant*,- Washington, D. C, 15 cents. The increased production end use of bezyllltm in Industry has caused concern about exposure of wortoen to dust and fuaos arising from the processing of this Industrial ^Tgiane Digest - 7 * metal. "The purpose of the investigation," as stated in the Introduction, "ms to measure tad define the toxicity of beryllita and to indicate, so far as is feasible hr animal experiments, the maxisum permissible concentration of dust or fines., from the aetal or its compounds which workman stould be permitted to breathe** Animal, experiments were made in which a nmber of beryllim compounds at various concentration were injected intraperltoneally into guinea pigs; beryllium compounds were administered orally to both young rets and guinea pigs, and finsilly guinea pigs were exposed to* the dust of these compounds in high con centrations and over long intervals gcfciae with no indication that berylliua is inherently toxic* Exposure of gtf&nsfts and rats to the fuses arising from tbsrsltttxeiyais <^f molten flycria^Jconteiaing beryUltn fluoride or osyfl abo thei >e ere edly toxic* There wae vexy little storage boxy; rand tissues of the experimental aniaoJfl!>\rg3a;ow- ing to li , whether by mouth, by inhalation or^M^i^spaperl- toncal m*. frylllA was found to be stored in thevliW^than in the kidney e in the bono tissue* Ho algslfls^ilfg^srfge in heoo- globin',val nor aay evidence of polyeythoK^jerother dyscrasia. Certain hich bydralyze easily, spj& as v&a fluoride and sul- fato ^ eff< the skln, but thig^fraijs*'** absent in the case o^^fi^Sflbtral salt Rec ^experiments ij )^f<tnat berylll\m le absorbed ofirr slightly in t on ict end mainly in the feces. The absorption of beryll rbei is also vary slight. Hone of the beryHim compoun ived appreciably by serin, while the greatest dilution at on of protein occurs is one part of beryllium nitrite to' 50 pari son of the relative ton cities of berylliisi, anghasim, and tonoal injection showed btrylllua to ba least and zinc most wall as x-ray examination of the tissues of animals a no indication of rickets and no consistent pathological) e te a iter the beryl!im was given and by whatever method^QpuiBo no1 particular's^, established for berylllvsn, it appears tfl^^rtever toxicity baa^bfoa to occur with the boryllin salts is^W^the toxicity of the etfraa ch as the fluoride or oxy- fluo&nxsp to an objectionable conditip^ by the hydrolysis of cIts salts, such as the chlori suxr$t^. Ho safe permissible standards should ba based on beryi :alth Aspects, of riborelas Materials* as Corp., Toledo>0, Pamphlet, 8 pp. (1943). ' : This publication presents .answers to- questions ive arisen concerning the possibility of health hazards in .connection with tne^kasuf?iacture and handling of- Fiberglaa l__i__i_s_ based largely upo__n__in_ v__e_s__ti_gatioie/eonduettd by or tor tio Owens-Coming fiberglas Corporation. . Tests made by Dz&Ljp. Gardner of the Trudeau Foundation have.damoastrated that flbergla* has^^wglnjurioua effect upon the lungs* Lw.JV Si obert conducted: investigations whjfcMjjLacludo: an ex haustive' 'study of world medical literature for references ^possible health hazards in the besdiiag of flborglas; observations end dust counts in the Hewers, Ohio, factories; examination of several hundred stereoscopic x-ray plates zt tee chests of etpioyeea in the scmo plants* His ooneluslon is that there is nc sili cosis, fibrosis or dust hazard connoeted with working with flberglas* In gener al agrwnent with this opinion are the Chief of the Bureau of Industrial 2ygins of tbs national Institute of Health, and the Aetna Casualty and Insurance Co., which underwrites insurance covering any ill effects upon the health of Qwoms- Corning maployaas caused by the h*w^1 iwt of flberglas products* Effects on *.ze akin are mada a subject of Investigation .because, of amechanical irritation of the 'akih'eceetime's experienced, by newly alloyed workers* This effect comprised a phaso of Dr. Siebert*a invaatlgatlon*. He aiacarlzaa hit conclusions as felloe- V Industrial 3jrgltn Digest 3 "The author believes the following generalization is warranted by the evidence: Contact with glass wsol may cause ephemeral discomfort among woskers inexper-* ionccd la handling tha arterial* The skin irritation, howoror, cannot bo ptgardad os a progressive daimatitis, for it is poa-toxic, and usually disappears in a few days# In extremely rare instances, where a worker may be predisposed to secondary effects of mechanical skin irritation because of idiosyncrasy allergy or tho presence of foci'of infoction elsewhere in his body and otherwise dissociated from the effects of mechanical irritation, lesions may persist* But those oases are encountered with agm rarity that they do not justify incrimin ating, glass fiber as a causatiu^ac^pr." Reports of investigations by Sul " and Baer*, the Navy Dejartwt Bureau of Ships and Bureau of Hodici; Scfcwari*\and BotartSpk or the tf.S. Piddle Health Service do nod ^ ted above. Weering of protective ciajGHhiifcfcSid & soaft'cglBfcaSbg a wetting agent are recomended. B^w^Sgener st is given that, "Ho claim for wozken^jSgensation trial disoaso or disability res^tw^&m an occupaTer Jt^uted to Flbcrglas'*. has evar^flaarv&ltdated in the Araa^ifo Insurance Company rpg&ds tro health of Piborglas se. Three usos of Zfcrcwl^s in surgery are describof'xSW-Pbysical and^harfftnlintopertles of Plberglas con- ra3a*e upon request from the company. 420 Iroa_DustJj#ugfc. (German). 9X* Woeh., 6, 13-17, (January 2, 1942). The author descrlbos on of iron dust in tho lungs of on elec- tro-walder, employed jq^ts and plate rails for 10 years. Similar " observations have be els " others; among 40 welders investigated Iloolsch found 18 spoilt ngs, three with changes similar to thos bsis $6fSt h marked deposit:,cn. In the author^ x-ray examination widespread stippling of the lungs, except fot es which were ccrol2tol shadows varied in size Trcm a; gfa k to a lentil. A ` ' * re present In the hi! us "disturbance of health ;co uberculous infaction was there was no history of fdiu^ silica-containing dust, 'and fuses, containing particles iron oxide, less than in disaster, arise from the welding the alveoli, are :ar- 'ried in tho peribronchial and perivascular lymphoid nodules and glands, tns finest psrtlc .and deposited in the <_|h^ugh tho alveolar walls into the interstitial tissue. Hoclsch foU6gP|30 of iron oxide in the dust; if covered electrodes are used only 65-730 tirteon oxide ?euld be liberat ed/ with up to 800 of silicic add and a variable g^ougt of manganic 03d.de. It is not know whether such admixtures increase the dadgerf^ The connective tissue'of the lung is apparently capable of absorbing t&flP^lron oxido, eo that there is no progressive fibrosis, as in silicosis. Has^M^ograpt7 dll detect at least tho most marked lesions and will show tho sdTiaaSffi)ty of improvement in working conditions and the importance of medical supervision. * 421 Systematic Investigations on Dust Lunas. Bart IT. Upon the Iron Content of the 131 Workers in Dusty Trades. Toother with a Consideration of the P.eci- procal gffect of tho Ccmnonmits of Dust Mixtures. 0. Gorstol. Arch.f .Ocweroe- path. u.'Cewerfaepath.. 10; SL6-673 {J\me 11. It41). (Gemma). ' Parti X, H sad HI of-this investigation, publiahod in earlier ambers of the Archiv, were concomed with ah analysis of lungs for silicic acid, aimiaum . oxide and titanim oxlda reapectitaiy. Part 17 ralatas to tbs iron content, .ha drticlie consists of a very'large unbar: of tables and graphs of 1,000 chemical analyses which cannot be readily abstracted or reproduced, giving the iron con tent, etc*, of the lungs obtained from 131 workers in various dusty trades, and comparing tho flgores with those obtained for tlMos* Industrial Rygiene Digest - 9 422 The Possibls Tori city of Lead Alleys. I. Rxcsrimenta an the Sat with Soldar. O.H. Cowgill ad E. Salomon. J. Ind. Hyg. k Tox. 25. 81^39 (march. 1943TT~ Tha investigation raportad was concerned with tha effects of metallic lead and its alloys oa animals, on which very littla is known. Young rats received 300 parts of laad par million of diot .in tha fom of soldar pallata containing 55.57% of laad. They proved to ba nuite similar to tha control grpup fad an Identical diet but no laad, with resp^ft to growth, coneaatration of blood hoc. globim sad tha appearance of itisal^kli, and aount of laad storad in thalj bo&frft Rats fad an identical Am %f laad in tha fozm of laad acatata hibitedoU tha^kual sigaa^sTylaarpoisoning, and their carcasses coats larga^oupts Of^dWd. jahidufherefore concluded that iagastad solder compos: ' usad^i^Me^aKltfor tha young rat. 429 The Possil Lead Alloys. II, Experiments on tha _ Solder, 5. Salomon ` " . J. Ind. Hyg. it Tox., 25, 9i. h, 1943}. Soldar ij an found non-toxic to rats* {ddm^rocediag abstract), but be relatively resljUSftiotp laad it was daslrablo itirity to lsod iMB^pr&early comparable to that Acco 'Pi clfc? diet with of puppies was abo'lUolR*adSdRl3eltaa\ a used In thtf^igliw* They ware fod an artifit, f4V;yRug&8e absorption of lead. One group Kgesand tbs intake of the diet was equalized- The animals respect to gains in body weight, con- cantrations of hmaoglob blood, amber of stippled calls, and polychromatic staining amount of lsad prosant in tha ontire body as wall as is a rep| On tha basis of tha data obtained the authors conclude that absorbed by tbs ant ugh-ts^ grs form of soldar is only moderately extant than in rats. Kb signs cf lend poisoning all cited' In^tho i* rcceiTlag such pallets. Laad Poi .. . "V Scrap Recovery Pli 111 Bull., 25, 3-9 (December 31, of lead scrap in recovery $&ta$n heM^ft&aed a avmbar of laad poisonbe. Causes are carelessness, laci^o^local^a^aust, and poor housekeep- Air analysis often show coneantratiob^rangi^^Om 2.5 to 760 mgs. per cu. m. Withadequate control those coaclmttjfcfcionrant.brought within safe limits. The ineffectiveness of respirators s&d blolo^d^ preventive measures is emphasized. , . ... - - . . ....../ i.'V . - - VI ,, 425 Danger of Lead Polqoaly Through thw .Addition of LeagTetraethrl to Motor ?uel H. Wanidc. Arab, f.^awarheoath. u. jowerbelhva.. ~165-159 (Dacmber 31. 1941). (Goman) , : ' Ths purpose of tbs article la to differentiate batwaan ldA poisoning due to tetraethyl and classical lead poisoning, though tha authb&Staltt that the tone action of tetmethrl is n function of its lsad oontant. Kurologlcel symptoms, due to the fat-soluble afreet of tetraethyl on central nervous tissue may be accompanied and even obscured by the mora usual symptoms of lead poisoning in workers exposed to the carbonized residue of lead tetraethyl, which has lost its fat solvent capacity. Tha case is described of a worker exposed not only to tetrsatlqrl-lead added to benzine but also to the carbonized residue. Symptoms, called subjective, end ineludiag headache, weakness, lose of sleep, etc. were rogardod as evidence of chronic tetraethyl lead poisoning;'others, such as a blue line on the giae, punctate basophilia, coproporphyrinurie, and colic &s evidence of true lead poisoning caused by inhalation of the lead containing duet of the carbonized residue. . Industrie! Mygiene Digest - 10 425 SnjFjn nt lend H. graut and G.' Lehmann. Arch, f.Cewwrbopath. u. Gewerbehyg., ?11/' 255-295 (December 31, 1941). {German). A series of'animal experiments ..aa undertaken in order to estimate bow faj ^ undor what conditions danger to health is to bo apprehended from the use of ben zine containing load tetraethyl. Previous investigation by Eatoe have shown that 1 cc. of pure lead tetraethyl applied to the shaven skin of a rabbit is lothol. In. the present Investigation, dilute jelutions in gasoline were applied to tho skin of rabbits .and guinea pigs. Sdmflosa in body weight was obtained with y* rabbets as the subjects; ths rasrffiU w&h guinea pigs were inconclusive. Iq><fc&\ _ als^ihalcd. lead tetraethyl vapor and ezhnus gaseaj^t)* result* were ctfftMpsly negative, in spontaneous doath plctuf^/nprvoua^MutidHk^r muscle chronaxia. Chemical analysis ^vtUa^Ushod hniaals^dctrtd a accumulation only with the appllcatigjfiJlwiisdse akin of ths sign of true lead poisoning* The astho^encludes that there is lead poisoning to be appreheaAd\mRa exposure to exhaust: nMlgslaXt tMdmpger to persons employed injiornjj)garages and tank factoriee^ MB^^dor^o^|>( the cleaning .of tanks J^mot Suit with); and that it iS^cMbrnful iS^my pr^^^hl danger to healt^^n^^lhfered resistance is liko- bhe ralstivsJ^ lo^feeknentretions 427 Lth Aspect of the. Iron Age, (December 3,1942). This article records; Chemicel Company in caring for non ssgaged in handling i\* alloys and gives a review of ths vnrld literature that is In nany processes ths handling of aagneslum and its alloys us than other commercial metals, Potential health has slum are shorn to have no practical significance.-Ass .. _ >)ia no more harmful than foreign bodies, of other mmtSi^is7 unlessTbacte: ` taaination, due to the uso ot cutting oils of magnesium is wall known and the clrctinsl^fee^Cre so well underset^ d that bums are no no re frequsn^^ii^in iron, and steel plants*^ of sulfur dioxide In sene of thrwwations, and of magnesium du^. al hazards, but these natcr- conditions are familiar to ind _ anted. (Copies of report are avail _ proper control can be est from the Cow -hec- Company.) * The Effects of Ascorbic Acid in Halation to S.J. Evans, 'X.2. ~Norwood", H.A. S"efaoe and` "V. "Itachle* J.AJt.A., `__' >504 (February 13. 19*3) Ascorbic acid nutrition in workers in a large pi Ms found to be poor la geaoral, but mostly so in lead workers, Caroful study^o^m..large group of load workers to whoso diet 100 ng. of. ascorbic was added dalfLyoTealed no effect the lead ooncentmtipn In the-blood,elimination in fodil/mr urine, physical dition of ths men, number and severity of complaints, nuauSga.of erythrocytes or stippled erythroeytos, or in the hcooglohla. Therefore':^p>roason has been found for ^ recommending-the use of ascorbic acid to counteract tbs affocts :f lead absorption. .. - . ,.' ' . .. ..... ._ ... 429 Action, of finely Dividedum upon ths Lunas. L.U. Gardner end A.3. Dclehant. Am. J. Pub. Health, 33,-133-155, (february, 1943). (A report on this investigation was presented by Dr*. Gardner at the foundation's Seventh Annual Meeting: and 1* printed, la.^ tha; Proceedings of that masting* ) In a series of experiments on cats and guinea pigs, it was shewn that finely^ divided metallic magnesium did. not hive,..any serious effect upon the lungs, -t was also shown.that "gaseous tumor" formation u absent primarily because the lungs freely oosmunlcata with external air. It is stated that If manufacturing prooessas did permit Inhalation of appreciable Mounts of magxesi*. it is high ly improbable that serious injury to ths lungs would ensue* Industrie! Hygiene Digest * xi 430 Possible Chronic Intoxication fay m. Zaffman sad S. Dono so. Revista Hedica de Chile* 70.908 (September. 1942)". (Spanish). The authors report a cose which* appeared to ba oaa of manganese poisoning and stato that ths incidence of manganese poisoning is now comparatively high among mino *rkors, since activity has greatly increased on account of the war. In one nine 15 out of a total of 200 wording without masks in an amosphere densely charged with manganese dust, had bocoao completely incapacitated. In other mines no cases of poisoning were apparent. Nearly all the minsrs with aengancse poisoning presented the typical dls'Qmanccs in their walk. Next in importance aroJM psychic symptoms in tho jwj^op^ttacks of excitation, depression, motivated laughtfr and even true ofilnted states* In the particular case d< to Manganese was uncertain, and microsco type of noninflasmatory vascular car lead or maaganose, which are vo brain structure* .^ 431 of Industrie! Mercury Poi^ntw^ 2. Holstein. rcury poisoning may ai ,, accompanied by whole body* A turbances such as excitIgence, ate*, sometimee .da, azss, and finally of the means of sroujlng this intention tmor and therefore of stance and severity of mercury poison- lag. Staples of the' a of workers in the hair-felt-hat indue- try,.where the aacer&ting of a solution of mercury In dilute nitric acid, show bility, up to indecipherable scribble, or in one severe ca sme variability is sometimes found in successive te seme individual. An early sign of disturbaace^tf&ftT'Wie intention spamor t pofceptlble, is tho omission of a lettor^^>*tMKoeglnning or.endjf^tho ture, or tho substitution of a letter sound, for .'the cogg$t o ., in the signature "Charlotte nemes.were connsnced "S". The defects revealed dwriting tert are related to the central nervous sys- by chronic mercury poisoning r existent or latent. The Inactivation of Phosphorus on the Sirin* ^ Go^$,, ba. tt and 6.H. Qakeshott, Brit* Med.,J. So.4282, 128-129 (January 30, 1943^ The phosphorus-inactivating properties of l aqugou^. copper sulphate, the copper sulphate-glycerol?starch, composition of Godding dSQjotton, and a new composi tion containing copper, in. an oil-soluble form made"from, copper olaate, Turkey- red oil (sulphonated castor oil), Trichloroethylene,^C^urgical spirit have been compared* The lart is shown to be the most affeowpsway of Inactivating phosphorus, especially whan, associated with oil, solvea^t^ar rubber* A proce dure is suggested for with cases .contaminated wittNtfdterial from solf- igniting bombs containing phosphorus, oil, solvents, end rtifoer* N.B.: It^must be pointed out that. the. treateant. proposed Is for phosphorus on the skin. The high contenVef.^richlorethylene precludes use of the composition for such in ternal injuries. asv were recently described by Blaxltnd (1942), la which element al phosphorus was diffusely implsntod in the tissues* -- Authors' memory* 433 Silicosis in Potters ia the Silesian Glass Industry* S* Sebreou Arch.f. Gewerfaenath* u* Gewerbehva.. |0. 460-472 (Anill 16. 1941), (Geiaan). The author giyea the results of. radiological examinations in 95 workers with exposures to dust varying from under 3 up to 14 years* Of these, 35 showed no changes due to dust, 23 of them having occupation histories of less than three years* In 14 aarly silicotic changes were noted, ia 8 silicosis of radiological stage Z was found, la 9 stage Z-ZZ. la IS stage ZZ, ia 8 stage XX-ZZZ, and 6 Tf T ' Industrial ftrgisae Digest 12 434 Investigation of t'** Punction la Silicotic*. T>i Pim4nff Aff Moderate Muscular Exercised 2. Hoelsen and ?. Esiceldsen. Acta mad. Sccadinav. 109. 377 (1941) . ^- * The article reports results of exercise testa with a bicycle-ergoaeter, on 12 patients with silicosis, 9 with tmphyseaa sad 14 healthy persons. The amounts of exercise was 400 per aiia. -for 10 minutes. All participants reached the stoady state after about 5 minutes of exorcise. During this state the patients eith first and second degree silicosurthowed a small average increase in venti. l-ation and respiratory rate as comogSJ^dth the normals. Two patients with thivaegree silicosis showed noIwm increase of ventilation* The oxyge: dnb^owa^.hlghe^ik first a^d^mcocs^aegreo silicotics than In normals, s- high**jgL thir&jUgrne aija&hjjcs, end highest in the emphysema patieng^ vontilawo^ la t^PneQyc^pirlod was highest in the maphysema papist in the tt\ 1 rfitl r tvIFTiflirnit in the normals. 439 uctiap. and Manipulation of Pom aceous f.Gouerbepath. u. Sower! 164 raowoua porp osis caused ee of the of "porphyry" and mountains in Northern Sax* ony^ Clinical and 90 of the workers confirmed the probability- of the stone might cause silicosis; 167 were found to be oing stone breakers end QB working chiefly as masons, and ed to stone duet especially in coin, dry weather. X-ray examination cases with fully developed silicosis, 22 In the initial stegeg s were the long periods of exposure-- from 11 to 45 yoars os--and the relative absence of symp- toss, occasional cpfSph^WSg tbe>oniy c at. Radiography In a typical case showed nuaerou^u$fey defined shadows uji the size of a pea, with calcified doposits abottltittipight hilus; the afiPces unaffected. "Porphyry" and "tufaceog* are puraly minbSafc^gic. the Rocklitz stone is of the oadSowiSsty, and has a high co c add, which is regarded te of the silicosis. Itcosis of Intrathoracic Lymph Nodes as tcupatlonal Disoase. Hagen.- Arch, f. Gewsrbspath.. -10. 502 i Aai German! According to the author, reports on sillcosl legal regulations regarding compensation for occupational disease chiefly with sili- eotlc changes in the ling tissue. Ee describes casee of complicating severe silicosis of the intrathoracic lymph nodes a fatal outcome. One patient, a man aged 63, had comparatively light ailleoi c changes in the lungs, but had also a severe silicosis of ths lymph nodes ai bifurcation, winch -7 savare cicatrical shrinkage led to the formation of tre^gfika diverticula in too osophagus. The puncture of one of theto led to pulmonaxi^jgacea# formaticn ml generally suppurative bronchitis. The fatal outcome of thfepulaoaary abscesses must be rogarded as the result of silicosis. Several additional cases are ins cribed and evaluated, loading to the conclusion that when silicosis of the ..wph nodes becomes the point of . origin of a serera disorder, it must be regarded is a compensable disorder, just- as is severo silicosis of the pulnonsry tissue. 437 Study of Industrlel Workers Exposed to Sulfur Dust. S.S. Pinto, R*A. Brown \md S.H. Csrlton,. J.Iad.Syg. fc Tox,, 2, 149*191 lApfil* 1943). . - A study was made of the sployees at a sulfur mins. Among ths wikors exposed to appreciable amounts of aulfw dust for a period of 7 years, os lu&g lesions were found on x-ray examination which could be attributed to the inhalation of sulfur dust -- Authors* senary. Industrial Bjrgiene Digest - 13 438 Arising from Dust and Gas from Iron Aiiavs. K.W. Joetten. Arch. f. Hyp u.3akt. 127, 315-321 <1942). (Gasman)* ; Iron. briquettes bays been manufactured -in .Germany for sons time sad production is oa a mall but increasing scale in this country. Therefore this account of Gex&aa conditions say be of interest. Iron alloys used for asking iron briquettes contain iron silicate (25-27$ of silica), iron manganese-silicate (40^ iron, 30$ silica and 30$ manganese), not acre than 0.1$ pbosptorus, and an uzdtaown percentage of arsonic. The^perial is roughly broken up by and shovelled into a grinder. At tha^w^i it is sprinkled with water from a hoi dust ^formation, wiHch\x)not great, but varies according to the ial" dust as odor' does th%^3br orcalciim carbide and garlic (arsenic! .been^ftjr^icticeable in recent deliveries of aato: slight fcosioi Although no special disturbaneejr^K^aTth have oe< of years, many workers have receatA^sgffSaed of gastroint iratory symptoms, especially efta^e&nnubns and dur- lag work of the Ift^rsttheNpn that^raq^lfricM'Bay jhlne and a^fiael alloys.vhJ.ch give off a silicate and f impurities in ^11 as aang&aes fcrlic. review ate alloys shows of phosphorus and arsen(lung inflamatlon and rcismV. ta'are pre * phosphine and arsine: . toricWa?4ntr^ 2*6 mg. perl.; dangerous to life in -1 hour sg. per-1.; limit of. petfie&gibiJ cuous after 1 hour, 0*14-0.26 004 mg. per 1. Acute tone effocts: coldness, epigastric p ddinoss, tinnitus, anxiety, dyspnoea, dry-cough, loss of appoti few days; - chronic eff tching, dilated pupils, death after a phitis, digestive disturbances, dental necrosis,.dlsturbam hearing. Arsine; tonc^^fidtMrdtlon headache, col<mj*^igastrie pai r lv&e. Acute toxic offects: tyj) Jaundice, hsooglobinuria and hena- turia, retes^u^? urine, convulsion*, chronic offects: headache, loss of AwgieT tenderness over f insomnia, anomie, ^determined air concentre iw^ad made clinical examinations'<at TO was much below the danger limit, arsine poisoning, ospocially haaaturl*^ 'ot the workers;. in 11 the hemoglobin was.. tins), and respiratory symptoms were reported* workshop and near the manganese concentresymptoms of phospliino not prosont in any . Some gastro-iatesPoaaibtjy^ey were due to the combined action of phosphine and arsine? especially after explosions, when the air. concentrations, nay hare, been greator than thSsc^actually estimated. Preven tivemeasures racccnended include rare froquent chajBgM of personnel, medical supervision? 9special nutrition"^(these workers shouEtbe classed os "heavy work ers")alteration in position.of the grinder (its aoUta^Skould sot be too high abort the ground), deposition.of the material In a dry Smcs present prac tice of, sprinkling with enter may do: more harm than ood"ij@raceuraging the evo lution of gases* Pick and Konrad* s. recoocondation that 40*60$ farro-silicate alloy stould not be used is regarded as of doubtful value, since Koelsch has stated that n silica content of orer 73$ stabilizes tbs compotad and decreases the formation.of toxic gases* : . .... ... - 439 Tho Absorption and Zrcration of gIuort.de* II. The Metabolic at High Levels cf Intake* Hachle aad.J.J* Urgent. ,,X*IM* Hyg* * Tox., SJ, 112-123 (March, Tho magnitude and characterittics of the normal fluoride intake and output of a tnnan experimental subject have been described in an earlier paper* (Abstract No. 994, October, 1942). .The investigation mi now extended to abnormal levels of intake, in order to determine the threshold at which storage begins, to Industrie! gjrflen* Dlgtst - 14 establish the relationship between absorption sad storage* and to throw further light on the. apparent close relationship between the absorption and the urinary excretion of fluoride. At normal levels of fluoride intake, the urinary plus the fecal output was found *2 *Sifl intake, but with higher intake levels the absorption and urinary/oase, both varying directly with the amounts absorbed and therefore with each other, Within limits, then, urinary fluoride excretion may be used as 4 acasuro of fluoride storage. The absorption of fluorine Is dependent upon the aquoouae solubility of the fluoride salt and its stato at the . time of ingestion. fluorides are effectively absorbed. 440 Irritants. H.Y. Acad, of Had., 9, 340-355 ^ impartson. of the physical, chaiical and/fo&fcsl^logi- mary irritants, many practical points^adjwortcnce is of data ore presented showing tho rt&attocShlp between ' ,asd between irritation and toxlcjfc. YgBSe general ef- to irritaats are also dossriM^^Xth as excellent The section on treaOMdjSsecentuatet the need for sbilil^Stion. sn administratioa^^aMkled but venesection is fadaxcopt jrenoua praJrtKt^tage of blue cyanosis. The rention of Infod swhii foUow .MfcLvtSfty Injury Is discussed briefly. 441 /ffloaia Gas Poinw*ii^> wCsi 47 eases of aaaonla poll Kill eases showed acute pi chltis, and severe caseSj severe cases, died. ~\r 41. 95-96 (1941). fallowing bomb damage to a condenser, tracheitis; moderate cases, acute bron3 of 27 moderate cases, end 7 of 11 stive against masonic. Homonymous -"HeKlj lg Carbon/! nort .gica, 103, ^. dt:.1942).f~_____ -Carbon isoning may pro dues, oedema, and occasio >rtex. Lesions of the -opti Jtor:origin. Tw cases of: homo; jpsia ore given in the literature boenyoous Hml anopsia.- 'In- the i-lcst caso and the:persistence of tho right field dofee J, Frcneois. Ophthalnolo- soaotimes ending In optic to the optic tract3 2nd pparently due to asphyrta and one of binasal adds a third case of f the left field defect al Interest. 443 Blood-Carbon Monoxide-and Ancxmla. L, Binet, trtsssa end P. Hi coll#. Conpt. read. 5oc. Biol.. 133. 532-654 (1940). VT... The carboaaonpxide content of the blood may be douttft&whsa the chloralosed dog is subjeeted to.lowered oxygen tension. Tbs lacresse^gfegllels tbs Increase n blood-bMOgLobia, Both hemoglobin and carbon oonortda^^SSji^raised by aireno.--e injection-; The increase,in carbon nonoside may be iafcibSgamt.by ligature of too splenic blood vessels, 444 Factors Producing Carbon Monoxide from Cean Stoves. P.F. Scholaader and others. I. Ind, 5yg, hTox., 25, 132-136 (March, 1943). .Erpertaents were conducted to find out whet rtreisutesees promote monoxide cut;put from, esmp atovos, including the Priame kerosene end Colemen gasoline stovos. Only a mall amount of monoxide was found in the combustion fwes when tho flams burned freely in fresh sir whethsr tho flsms ves normal of distorted. cold piste in,contactwith the fleas'greatly increases tho output of monoxide, sspo- ciallywhentb* fina ls distorted. Cooking in a teat made of impervious aater- lal or coated with ice caused serious poisoning, and occasions! ventilation or two open vents did not protect against poisoning. However, besting and cooking in a porous teat gave only an insignificant Mount of monoxide in tho blood. Industrial Qrgls&a Digest . IS 443 aSrdrocvaaie Acid Polaaalng by Absorption Through thaSkla* 3M. Ses3. Mueach* Usd. tfochi, 89 , 4921495 (hay 29, 1942). !Canaan). While inhalation of hydrocyanic gas is tha commonest causa of cyanlda poisoning in nan, absorption through tha skin frequently occurs. In aithar casa tho essen tial factor in tha rapid toxic effect of nail eaounta of hydrocyanic acid is paralysis of callular respiration. ^concentration of 1-2%, even when a gas nnsk is 'tea, has caused severe sy^raps, including sensation of heat, flush!: palpitation, rapid pulse, follojrfJ^bj^hecdacha, voaiting and lassitude. Hij incQase tha absorptive capacity of tha ski] nclude*<5^S ventilation, suitable clothing, and spac^L where formation of hydrocyanic acid o^v^&es acuta symptoms consists of removal tg^rA^h'llr; of directly contaainatad areas of skxSJ use of lal respiration; Intravenous ia^fejg^of methylene ution), Tor of sodlta thiosulpMte *cp to 70 ce. of a inhalation of carbon dlajlde may also stimulate the ora'quoted* A chtt&md.4 months suffering from .de solut itment led to scolved by misaw^s^ipplicatlon of a 10% potas- tons fgj&wmd within five minutes, but correct ^VXJqythe case of a man who racaived burns of th* head rad within two hours findings indicated that dang with aodlm cyanide, death occurate treatment in hospital. Poraorten re due to rapid absorption of cyanide through tha injured akin Nitrogen Oxide Pols, g aos> Dohlberg* Acts aed. Scasdinar., 109* 471 (19421 Clinical pict^j^^^atholbgieal-anstomic, ladings in poisoning with ve;or contaihing^sf^Sr nitrogen oxides.^? SOg N204 ffgO) arc similar to _ Two cases are dastSibed vthe firsst case the poisoning occy#rwCa a oan during welding with'^o0l9d.ona< badly ventilated roca. 'and signs were those of a bio examination oxtensi7e ipneuoonic foci were seen in both otrocardicgrem revealed Insufficiency of the right coronary art _ haemia of short ium- 'Hon was observed* All the symptoms' and slgsg) after seven lays. In the other case the patient suffered from poisoning Inhalation of z reddish-yellow gas which had been formed after ^ zmer had been struck by paa'btioelnt to; fhloigwhevtneirn, gx*-raSyymexpatommisnaatniodnsrigenvseawleedrelung S^Jtioltrathtioosnesfowuhnidchinwetriee sfimiris t lar to Biliary tuberculosis* The patient rtoovered diijftataly after one and a half months* ' It la assumed that in both cases a tOAC^^Spaary oedaaa was pre sent, caused by the inhalation of various nitrogen oxid^is/ffihe patients were^ roexamined after one end a half years and one and a quartd^raars, respectively ahd were found healthy. ....... ; . 447 Halation of Sulfur Plod.da to Damage from Plue Gases* C. Looser. Chaa-Ztg. J3 337-340 (1942); Bull. Inst. Paper Cham*. & 1. The author discusses the toxicity of sulfur dioxide to plants, animals and nen. He states that 1 part in 500,000 la haaful to roses, but that tanan beings feel discomfort only at 6 times .that concentration, while 1 pert in 500 of air pre vents breathing had leads tO'death.' The amounts of sulfur dioxide resulting from burning different types Of coal are tabulated, cad methods for rendering the gas haxaleee are discussed* Industrial Z$rgiana Digest is 448 Sulfur Dioxide Chsmlcal Pneumonia: HiBort of a Casa with Recovery PcUowIm Acci dental Explosion of * Refrigerator Unit. E.L. Goldburgh and 3.a. Gou1*v Ann.-- 1st* Mad., 18, 237*242 fyebruary, 1943). 7' Concentrated sulfur dioxide inhalation nay land to acute inflamatton of tba res piratory tract, culminating in "chemical" pnatmonia, After such exposure, a boy S,d*i5 preriously well, quickly ebowed signs of bronchopulaonary involvement. * Cyanoafs/dyspaea were notable featuros. Sulfathiazole therapy contributed to tho recorery, but its use, limited to thrffccute phase of the Illness, did not prevent the Inter development of bronchiatfjSSk -- Author's simiary. ' 449 oct of War Pesos aa .enleala on the Eves of the ClviiianJ?opti ~ Berefc^nd 2 "v Bull, Jf.t. Acad, of Med., 9, 38 tating, sternutatory and lacrimal physicians must be prepared fo^neRNpuenown gases, gen, a hemolytic gas, was con4i$jpaa possibllty elans are urged to rmmbeir thSMpplyiog no local eyo harm than using a*dram|an which may damage the ts that aro notswnXKras secondary infection is dznal applfemtag^fef the war gasee. The Imae- conjunctival eulsIf acid is known t tion) should be used flushed, with boric acid ( light liquid petrolatum Severecpain say bo eo or butyn (1 par cexyrte _ cal jfivArof the eyes is to flush the gpru# solution of salt (1.4 par cent) aodl* bicarbonate (2 per cent aolu- conjuactival culs-de-sac would be Ution). The imodlate instillation of traindlcated only In mustard burns, pontoeaine (0.5 por cent solution) .. w____ ___ It Is preferable to control pain with inteadl'gggieation (morphine, etc.) as seat local anesthetics have^a delstsrjrapeffoct on the. corflMl be coabaj*nRwbraild silver protein ~~ (3^5ng^MM?% Iritis should be Secondary infection should e solution or ointment severe bums and treated with ctpewjiov3relution or ointment unless develops. Ulcers of the the secondary corneal sc baron say require surgical mt. . - - - - y<> Industrial Carbon Disulfide Poisoning. ?. W$ _ Gewerbopath. u. Gowerbohyg., 1^ 198*248 (December 31, 1941). {Organs) The article is an extensive rovlow of tha iitrat*d*on carbon disulfide poison ing with an account of tho discovery of the gas, Introduction, chemical pro perties, mechanic of toxic action, and a restate of^thi)author's isrestig&ticn of 80 eases seen during recent years. The nervous syj$gis chiefly affected, owing tQ tbo lipoid eolvtnt action of carbon disulfide o^mentral and peripheral nervous;tissue. In high concentrations (6-4-10 mgi. per^^nsrcoais results* In chronic poisoning (0.15 agn. por iJ the continued al?dosage causes var ious symptoms, the most characteristic of which are related to psychotic distur bance, peripheral nsrve.injuries and gastrointestinal changes. In America, z.zz ago. per 1. Is ths aaxiaia permissible concentration In a workroom. In the so cases .studied, only 6 .ware acute. In 21 cases tbesyeptems were predominantly psychotic; in 13 cases, they were related to central sad pertpber&l nsrve injury end in 35 to gastrointestinal disturbance*.- The nature sad severity of these symptoms aro; discussed* A description is glTen of the method end apparatus ie- visod byPrtuenhcfer for estimating; tho carbon disulfide eontost of the air. the roaction .deponds on the fomatioa of potassium xanthogenate when air containing carbon disulfide 1*.passed through a 10J& alcoholic solution of caustic potash. Industrie! Hygiene Digest - 17 451 : "that the Tsntllatlnw gwfltnaer Should Know About Carbon Tetrachloride. S. ?. xuadlaad. Heat. Jc Vtnt,, 40. 36-39 (Starch. 1943). This article describes tbs physical properties and health hazards of carbon tetrachloride. Methods of determining the vapor concentrations in air are given. -/ General ventilation factors are discussed but no specific recommendations are Included. ' /445522 The Acute Toxicity of Tenors of SevefO Monoalkyl Ethers of Ethylene Glycol. H.W. Werner, W.7. voaOettlngaa 1943). Ind. Hyg. k Toz., 157-163 Gly&f?tders ,es "as solvents in industries, but infoi conce: s incomplete and there is tx>t sufficit avails] caparisons of health hazards of thesf^jWjts^ to other ts. Therefore, this study was uadesaajMtQft the sug- gastion of an Industrial Medicine of the HatM$aE$careh Council* The present first part of the study, whhwHiracncerned with the effe atoly long exposures ofjjkfo to-ntrlous vapor con- cent^sCL^g^^ _ The materials are the methyl, othyl. m$ iso-propy; ethylene gl Results are given in raiSaore _ -hour exposures of mice to vapors of some of asionally produced lung, kidney, or liver changes.. S f. the ecopouads frequently produced histologically denbnsi; 2. The usual sign of to^c action of all compounds mas canon sign with neer-lotbnl con- centrations of the n-propy butyl derivatives was severe hemo- globiauria. S.Deatha * 3 to vapors of the solvents studied aoBT.only occurred hours after starting exposure; howover, in a.si deaths occurred toward the end of the expe MJOi^betwean the first the fourth week following expo sure. jQtfthal concentreti^^ ozp se sg. per 1. indicate that the etto Sol ethers decrease ltc^oXl< the following order*. Butyl, nathzV' and ethyl, iso-propyl ' axes indicate that, with QStfEtl< _ table to those in these " difficulty of control- bestial hazards of the derivatives' decrease in the follow- Srder: Methyl, ethyl, iso-propyl, ap Chronic Poisoning frea Methanol Inhalation. Arch.f.Gewerbepnth. u.Gewerheharm.... }9` 5fl8-574~(June U. 194l). There have been few cases of methyl alcohol (met! poisoning from inhslsticn or skin absorption la industry,, because the concenttx^tlona used ere generally low, and also because methanol is not highly TdttHeiCj^a,acute narcotic effect results from ore! ingestion, the toxic doses being Toxic effects on parenchymatous end nervous tissues are ascribed to the reaction of methanol, when dissolved In the body fluids, to foxmla sold and foadSdfchyde. Symptoms maybe headache, giddiness, stupor, alight cyanosis, etc., end especially dis turbances of vislpa, which may result in bliad&ees The atmospheric eoncentrs- ticn porrespondlng to this oral toxic dose would be about 65 as. per liter, which is unlikely tobefound in industry* The euthor describes a case of a workerpolsoned by manipulating material soaked with methanol in a centrifuge. The materiel contained 30-40)1 of methanol, but no complaints bed been made <;vor g period of 6 years until blackout measures were instituted. Zn this case, symptoms were pleural irritation and serious Cellars of vision, particularly '.0 the right eye. After 6 weJM> removal,from exposure the vision improved so fine'''prlxtt'';couiA'bd^rdad''$t>''''distanee''bf'20'am* The pleural irritation, which was considered duet enlargement of the liver returned after 14 days return *.0 woxJt* The only ether pathological signs ware a decreased patellar reflex and Industrial Eygien* Digest * 18 an increase la the average red cell dimeter (7.3 mu). The concentrations of methyl aleohol la different parts of the room under varying conditions shoved levels of from 1.6 to 10.9 ngn. per 1, Preliminary medical examinations indicat ed that the wsrker was especially susceptible to eye injury; clso, some absorp tion through the skin may have taken place. The author concludes that concen trations of 10 mffii. per 1. may produce chronic toxic effects, and that 1 man.or at most z sg&* per 1. should not be exceeded* 454 Bgpegjaeatal Trinitrotoluene Pol Effect of Diet. E.P. Eimsworth I*.*^81ym. Clinical Science, 4 -447 (December 15, 1942). (lK^!h* develo ^stations in rata after administrate TNT 1 tfpendi e of the dlot* Severe syaptome end aai Hoi taking a high fat diet whilst in^a&cJ{i "taking gh protein diet the ill offsets ara>ailJ$or absent. Chroz . in rats shows the following Lb) Increased appetite, (e) Ercrrtigpiar high eoncss- n the urine, (d) Chengefcdjn tM^nlood and associated 5ni which are a grsat^jropAss in hemoglobin, the "of ao'MohlMtsl culocytes sad w^gSepmstie erythrocytes in the blood, hjporplaS$3tfd<!b* bone marrow end siderosls spleen, (o) fiJroJrScn fatty Infiltration to an acute necrosis of the1 __ X^oes of hair, (3) Evidence is presen of the high fat diet in facilitating ths toxic action of TKT diet so influencing the animal* t meta- bollsb as to ispode Its ebl of ths BIT within its tissues, (4) The close resemblsns acts of TJfS in the rat and the find- lags in human cases o: instrated. -- Authors1 suacary. 455 A_n___O_u__tb_r_e__a_k__o_f______ . . '"'I s from Airplane. 5; Cowers* L. Schwartz and S.M. Peck. Pub. ^NPti&lfeptSoT 58, 625-631^A- 1943). The author* (Mjtadfiza the art!do as An outbreak of dermatitis was obsorjatfSMohgiwrkeys manufacturing me covers made from a special S.Hi?., a chemical added Eum to prevent deterioration J.t&t, was found to be the actual ca'i thejwbreak. 3. R.M.E. is both irritant end a sensitizer. Roc ^. tio5ts^?ad that all workers idling pliofilm containing the RJI.P. wear^ ves and aprons made of ordinary pliofilm, vtayllte, kozoseal or 1 sated od^P^ane. The hands nay he protected bywearing finely knitted cotton or-^m^ble leathor gloves, Per sona on the Job of heat sealing can protect thal; from fmes by the use of a protective olnttumt of the invisible glove type. 4eimetitis persims after the recomended precaution* are observed, worker* sho<^d^be removed fxtm further exposure to the material* 60) 456 Dematitis from Cutting Oils, xuerios -k Minor Soto*. J.AdftfL, 121* 223 (January 16, 1943W ^ Tho largo majority of cutting oil dermatitis occurs from the insoluble oils, which are sterile as far as pathogenic bacteria era conearmed* In $bs use of water soluble cutting oils, the skin may be Injured by metal silvers contained therein, end the cut infected from the bacteria in tbe water soluble oil or on the soiled Skin lad clothing*. Sedimentation and filtration are used In many plante to remove the alivers. East sterilization of dleinfaotante may be employ ed to kill the bacteria. The use of disinfectant*- prevent# reinfection of the oil in the pipes and at the machines, but the disadvantage In their use is that they are akin irritants* ' Industrial gpgisae Digest . 19 457 Spontaneous Desensitlzatlon in Occupational ?op 2s- tim.-ftirtB. I. Soon. Mad. Klin., 37, HOP (October 31, 194177"!^manTT-'----------- followup examinations on patients with occupational eczwa who had been, advised to change their occupations but had not dona so, revealed that the majority were still subject to eczema but sane cad lost it in spite of - further contact. An average of about 15$ of the patients in various occupations were no longer sub ject to eczema. Regular weekly observations on 8 patients studied disclosed two different forms of development. One coup of 5 patients experienced at every resumption of work* first a eonsideigme exacerbation of the disorder, then a gradual regression of the manifearfajjo^q and finally a complete or almost coa - pletf/Lsappearance of the oczmaaX^n the 3 other cases eczema occurred handix^at^the orj^nal sit^^^a work was restated. Later, the lesions hil$^ and reamed at^ower s4$Ta&tha body, but in a form so mild that thfvVdreshg capaci^jnk not^lSmnM^JThe author thinks that the only poesibJSb ^jjfcaation is a das*ddt^*^TO?gjp& presupposes specific ellergic processieK^hough various otayjw^wMr play a part. Results of artificial gKeSitization .hnvo boen.aLi^^&^btitH^method should not bo abandoned. fVujngSr observations oay discj^isBwul4^tiWmich any beccsao the basis^Ct more favorable results. 456 nmatlt__ ESV*i2i. 42TTI5 Service Mask. J.AJf.A., Clinical side is a .0 Lte. ;ed 42 with rubber respirator domatitls. da admis <ed a bright red erythmaatovesieular cutaneous eruption eouf his face in dose contact with the gas mask. There was a" oie seborrheic domatitls of the scalp, axillas, and the crural :T physicd abnormalities were found* Aftor treatment the mask and this time presented more severe symptoms, i and pronounced edema. The eruption responded to compressing hhfHpplication of bland antipruritic lotions and oi Patch teatSL.shcr^djShnt the dermatitis was not due to the rubber X to chemicals uii^ in'd^i^Lnufacturing process. laanainx Materials on ti ^ 1. Had thy Skin. Q.Schnorr, rbepath. u.Gewerbehyg., 10, SSffi1 ,er 30, 1940) 1 German). ct of a ouster of liquid and soli Cli s used for deansing the was tested by estimating: (1) the hyd&jfai idS^j^pentration of tho skin, the evaporation; of apisture,. and: (3); tho WMEiiat^^^he cutaneous tissues after. repeated user rTh* conditions of use 'were atrictly^p^ntrolled. Methods used'in^aakipg the estiaationsare described, Wafcregreifatatlve cleansers were examined' and the results estimated as indicative o^rSL injurious effect on tho akin were aa iaeroase ia the. pH value.of tho skin, s^Setsyoase in the tine of evaporation of moisture, and an increase of swelling, 'Ridged as a percentage difference from the initial valuev The skin deensers'^e^fd fell into three groups, according to the. effects observed: (1) Those protQx&hg u flual substaatid increase in the pH value of tho skin, which wore regard^ as suitable for regular use; (2) Those producing a find rise in pH vdue after an intermediate fall or state of equilibria. This group le regarded as suitable for all but sensitive skins;..(3) Those producing on uninterrupted rise in pH value. This group, .wdeh induded a pumice , soap was considered suitable only for occasional cleanflnsp of rery.dirty skin. - . . 460 Bfffoct of Claenelam Matoriai on the Sana-Skin. 2. In Skin Disease. M.Schnitd-cr. Arch.f.Gewerbepath.u,Cjewerbehyg.. 422-436 (December 30. 1940). (Gorman), kany induetrinl dermatoses, particularly of tho bends, wrists, and forearms, re sult freaa dlrect contact with iajurioue aatarials, the Injury being localized m the epithelium. However, the natural buffar-regulating capacity of the skin is Industrial Jftrgiene Digest 20 aot effective ia the presence of external alkaline agents* Increased alkalinity of the skin is followed by swelling of the horn ceils, wit* closing of the folli cles and inclusion of foreign particles and bacteria. The latter penetrate to the deeper tissues where the pH is nearer to neutral and favors optimal growth* Cleanliness is a protection against' industrial dermatosis if the cleansing arter ial is of a suitable constitution and sufficient time is devoted to thorough washing. The effects of cleansers on various forma of skin disorder (excluding cases of generalized eczema) were* tested in the semo manner and using the seme methods as those used on healthy ski^f Ia the second series the clinical pro gress of the lesion was estiaftto^43l cleansing materials invoetigated were divided into three groups: (a) Sdftk eSlid or liquid, alkali-free, of acid 'ornate la skin disorders; (b) 'Alkaline substances -- long continued use of t Alkaline soaps containing kaolin, p of coarse consistency, are unsulta 4a ip far at a. iubntly ceUr _ areas* 'Black that it is of seme-bi spooking, the tea "bla bo evoked not only on the Authors' swaaary ____ Z. ffrbach llsbury. 13, 1943). he fact that und conditions a black line ,, Black dezmograph! sat not p gold Jewelry on powdered The oarller theory gnifleance is erroneous* Strictly is a misnomer, since the reaction can on coarse paper, cloth and wood. -- 462 gerato-Conj njunctirltla"). M. Sanders, Arch. of Ophth*, 28, ^'[October *5X542). This.-is a pr< . report on .investigate Ulato the etiology of epiionic iccrato coni ,/ spread -througfcjtfit ` ' ,fic coast area and has reacted Tho cause of the die "" although evidence points to ial agent, a virus. Bids icted intraperl toneall y and rally with conjunctival scrap ;s with the conjunctivitis, _ followed by mild symptoms from recovered* Brain eui- on from the second mouse-passage was : culture of wabr/onic oouso-brain* This-produced a strain'wfaich ,ce and gave rise to a pathologic picture which though not unique ,a that in other ccn- mon virus infections* Conjunctival instillation! he mouse virus in s h-nan volunteer produced in four days a mild conjunctivit'iist^ lWhen this was repeated la_ th_e_ s_ome eye typ_i_c_a__l _k__o_r_a__to_-_c__o_n__ju__n_c__ti_v_l_t_is_ dove. lo_p_ ed*,, The sera of the patient frao wbom ths original matertal was obtained had a ne$9*Ui2iiig affect on the mouse virus*k A seeoad isolation of virus has been effdStfkbut the identity of this virus with the first has not bean fully established&^is 1* a preliminary report Sad further work will be done on the isolated atrefafc-bf virus. v. * . - 463 gp^dagie gorato-CoiLlunctlTitia. M. Sanders end others* J*A*H*A*, 121, 230 253 (January 23, 1943)* The authors prosent an extensivo report on epidemic kerato-conjunctmtis, with clinical and epidemiologicdata on 80 cases, including classification of symptoms, proof of method oftransmission, dsonatratloa of antibodies, sad recoecondaticns ' for prevention of the spread of tha disease* . 464 ^aidmalcHerato-ConJunietlvitis: ^Shipyard Eve." C* Huh* Calif* * West* Hod., M, 18-19, tJttuUT,T943). ...... ' l - - The symptoms and characteristics of epidic kerato-coajunctiviti* are listed, and include a suddem onset, itching, irritation, blurred vision, pain, and Industrial fygltM Digest - 21 varying degress of inflammation and hyperemia of tbs bulbar sad palpebral con junctive. Precautionary measures for plant physician*, nurses, and. executives to prerrsnt tbs spread of tbs disease are also listed. Therapy, including lead compresses and 9$ sulfathi&zole ophthalmic ointment does not Influence the course of the disease, but gives symptomatic relief. It is believed that the incubation period is from 5 to 12 days, and the close contact and direct trans fer are necessary. 465 Industrial 2ve Affections. ?.A* Jae 12, 1941). (German). Med.Zlin., 37, 1244-1247 (December This tMTal eye effections, containing reforei to an. Mention is aada of hydrogen sul; ophtl artificial silk, the symptoms bait to and of the ocular changes seen in aniline' induce lealons ranging from disc<^4^jtajtt^d of the conjunctti touching the affected area wltJr^O^Mr cent alco- hoi iridocyclitis* Benzine may leed^Y&ntral scotomata and operations--- used extensively (raf) gmoval of fatty substi ' e lesions* Benzol.^^ol aSa toluol aro blood pois rrhaga, ratrobulljiprVOwtis and severe corneal 466 Twnima of rouat C.L. Serai from patients convj end please prevent the di hagiae. Tha effect of tl the fourth day after 1; ___ spire Icterohaemorrhaslae with fcEth, Renta.. SB. 10-15 (January 1.1943) _ 1's disease end immune rabbit sens JSfcitc mica infected with L.lctorohaemorr3 in. marked if administered on or before 467 Survey of Ccbtpo ch Have . B4rTest Hartwell, pSfr Institute, This bull frent* & survey of iighor pi ` the action of carol >zoa, and bacteria is not r, the compilation also includes ^jkUShed work of Dr. M.J. Shear itltute. The results of the tasting 0: 'ad, while 45 arc new to the whole cancer _ prises data referring to 696 chemical subatancee ;bo carcinogenic, apart from 23 observed _ Actirity. 7.L. 371 pp. (1341). carcinogenesis in tie tissues, tissue cultures, literature is covered ta ;h 153 compounds from the the national Cancer unde are newly ropertither the work corn- 169 are reported to omca only. After on introductory discussion, the bulletin takes tha fdoTof a tabular review which classifies tbs substances, end gives data on metbodxpT^gdministretion, type of animals, etc. The suthor drmwa attention to the lncospkOtanaas' of the data for many of the compounds listed, end urges the more syatron. investigation of compounds already studied in a preliminary fashion* end fig^he filling of large gaps among sub stances which It would seam dasirahls to tts^i^Th* review is ccm- pletod by a bibliography (over 1200 references), and separate indexes to compound routes of application, vehicles, animal species* and t\sr-*itea. 46B Industrial Taxing and War Production. H*5. Seines. Science* 2Jb 384 (1942). The author contributes evidence from Gesmsny, Britain, and the united States . indicating that toluene* benzene* and TUT itself destroy vimlm C (ascorbic acid) in the bodies of workmen .exposed to vapors or to skin contact. Some erga izations gits,such lOO age. of vitamin C daily to replace what ts lost, and the results have been encouraging la maintaining-health and vigor. Industrial Hygiene Digest . 22 fttal Accident froa Welding la a Closed Cooker. P. Felsch. 2, Spiritusind . 63, 253 Tl940). (G.ibui). ' TSi welding of a copper pipe to a sheet-copper cooker (2n. x 4 a.) resulted la the death from pulmonary edema of the workman, who had spent soaa 40 minutes (with a break occasioned by a fit of coughing) inside the cooker; the edo&a be ing due apparently to nitrous poisoning. Precautions ore discussed. 4W Metal Welders* Disease la a Credo-Driver. H. Waniak. Areh.f.Gwerbepath.u. Ocworbofayg.. U. 179-134 (December ,j|L 1941). (German). The author has previously descH^&T^t&l welders' disease" as a chronic di: turwnce of thyroid and liver numLon* Ha here reports a casa of this tiM^la a cr&ntfvdrivar, cgMShed to the fines and gases arising from thj process) in a^M^sbop jftirfvji had been operating the crane for sevped ktt: .* id dysfunction included nervous 1 excos- Eight* falling of the hair, rapid p e tremor of Eturbance was shown by loss of appetj^e a and sick- -Bauer's galactose test gave % of disturbed 471 472 *'- lers S\ to ft* H.S. luhn and .Or Jr. 65-63____ r-one welders' Bto-p tast for speed of dark adapts* tlon before and aft< nine were on the day shift, 22 on the night shift. He , received 10*000 units of vltaoin A before starting work Idle of the shift. The other welders received a placebo at here is no evidence of s general lack of dark adaptability aaoi "and tvidence of any decrement in this func- tlon during an eighty recelvtd vitamin A stowed no great* er gain in dark then. *se sot receive It. This should act be interpret that cases o vi A deficiency would not respond to such troatogo|\^dt* that these wel or uadej^Sfawnt conditions. lad* t respond with longer treatment _ onces in age, domicile, type of ?.'eldinifcSfccw<los, end food showed tlofc-^^glfforoaces in gain or loss of adaptation during an ei&ft^cur (4h$' 3fc* "We` ld` ers on the night 3hift a significant avorage gain In dM/^ptpatiatSi axduring their work. Ibis is buted to a greater demand for dark wn^attiioo*'?^cd^iflB periods when they were t actually welding. - Several' inferences^&e^evel^m^from this fact toward possible improvement of visual ease in weldiig by fu*ra visual engineering :n this field. The clinical conclusion Is that theopxcetirve number of complaints among welders is due to inadequatoprotoctive etif*emt or eerelesaness in its use.Authors9-summsiy. ' -(. v- ' ' Chronic and Bronchial Clceratioa ih^atf^Sloctric Arc Welder. 3.H, Stayer. I.A.M.A..119. 1500 (August 29. 1942). cvC>) Since 1936 there have been several' reports in the llterfc$$S^ of roeutgcncgr*;\:c pulmonary changes in electric are welders. The roentgenograph!c abnormal!*.: :s, discovered by survoys on apparently healthy workers, ranged from increased * shadows to a generalized fine or nodular mottling simulating silicosis, the workers had no symptoms and ware sot disabled in siqr way. There was a histc of long exposure to the products of arc welding, usually 13 years or more, t rooatgenographio changes were apparently produced simply by the aeeimulatics iron pliant. T^m* arising from coated rods are largely inorganic material :: a- slating of flnely dlvid oxig.._ The author reports-the case of a ' --~ ty year old white aan. an arc welder for 7 years, admitted to the hospital cough,-sputiai and dyspnoea. The ectoisdon roentgenogram showed multiplo and nodular densities traversing the middle third of the right lung from Industrial IfcrgitQS Digest - 23 root out to tit* periphery. Thor* was also soots exaggeration of tin linear marklags of the left lung, The tentatlvs diagnosis, on admission, was bronchogame carcinoma with lyaphangitlc spread. Bronchoscopy raraaled a considerable amount of pvumlait material in1 the lower part of the trachea. There was an ulcerated granulating'lesion in the right main bronchus just below the tracheal bifurca tion; a large amount of nonfoul purulent secretion was seen distal to this lesion. Sections of this granulation tissue, removed by biopsy* showed nonspecific in flammatory changes with large masses of iron plgaent scattered about. Removal of the granuletion tissue and repeategjlbronchoacopic dilation of the left main bronchus gradually secured satisf&eraf^y&ptamatle relief end healing, of. the ulc^rpted area. Bronchial lesioaf^Mcampanying chronic pulmonary changes aled^sge ere woldtes have MdRheei^tfrevioualy reported. The mechanism wh thesa hz^chia<chaBgesrjhreomnbduced is not clear. 473 Blood fj; tt in. Workers. 5. Warren. Radiology.. 39^y4^9ftm.l94a) Blood comri tasts on persons exposed to sligh<S'adnlon from cyclotrons idioactive isotopes, for periodr'TOt J^JeS 30 months, show no coi ' ms that are sot explaine^by Iq^current disease, CXCCT sho variation in the wbomoull count. Soma persons able i, by aarkod vamRipBR in white cell counts on exposure^ ;h Ifegsifos should nog^|teJlhero they are exposed to The pre eLotron workers appear adequate. 474 Tori city Studies with t.H. IfcGavaek and others^ t-chloro-pcre-beazoquioone (Soergoa). 6L fc-nr Wares. 1*43)f A fungi side under the trad< >n consist! of 99f( tatra-chloro-para- bcnzoqulaoas and 1% disoj ihatav^t has such a high fungicidal activity that it is now is usg. for^tWrpreservetion of cotton and other seed. An extensive invests was sakS^jw) determine the extent to which it may be intoxic$*ffig\ho^those who handle ,to those who utilize materials preserved wlgfe3s@'*Xn the experiments) s administered by stomach tube, intrapex^eo&je&y; subcutaneously, ext|, . a weighed portion of the diet, and M<$S^ve4sseed-impregnated product^ ' results of the effect of itratlons are reported, inclv 0.4 g. orally or 0.0S g. l tonsally and fatal results folic 0S4 g. daily for 10 weeks reading mixtures. However, in every a quantities producing damage were far in excess of those that' be'^lffijttstod, even if all the agent- were retained during handling and prepi ion foiraonstaptioa, which would not use above 0.2. Such a dose la tolerated foe4jpag pgrloda by healthy ani- . mala without dotrimast to normal growth or aetlvt^^Tha chemical can therefore bo 'used as a protectant for cotton and othar saed wttibut danger of intoneating those who handle it or those who consume the products<p$aserred by it. :: 473 ' ' ; ' 2, Browning. J.Xad.Syg.k Tox., 2J* 124-l3^^Urch, 1943). The author discusses toxic anemias that result from exposu&Sl benzene, xylene, carbon tetrachloride, solvent naphtha, trichlorethylane, solvents and thinners, and radioactive substances, with special reference to the 1937 factor ies Act of Great Britain end later amendments, which includes aimia from those sources in the compensable diseases. ThoSe forms of anil a are ell of the type now knownres "dyahaBatopoletie', and leukopenia (lack of whit# calls) and lycpao- cytoais (excess of lymph colls) are present to varying degrees. Blood counts end ratios-for several of tho1 poisons are presented la tabular form and severs- cases -ere described^. - 47 Influence Of Work on Physiological Reactions to The^^J Tfiraraant. C.S.A. Winslow and A.P. Gagga. Amer.J.Bbyaiol*, 134. 664-dBl (1941) Two usdreased men pedalled on a stationary bicycle eo as to increase thsir meta- holism to OTer 300 kg.*cal. par hour. The rosults were compared with tthhooss<e in Industrial S(niau Digest - 24 tbs subjects at raat in a sni-radioing position (metabolism 80-100 leg.-cel). Radiation araa is the some as in the resting subJect (70% of tbs surfaca araa). Convection constant on the stationary bicyda at rast is 20% lass than at rest reclining. Pedalling at a rata of 30 revolutions per minute greatly increases the convection constant, equivalent in cooling power to an air movement of 30-40 cm* per second. Evaporative regulation in the working subject is so effective that skin temperature is constant actually being lowor at a given operative tem perature for the working than the reiSljg body. With increasing metabolism at a. givci^operativo temperature skln<^kcmsture of the trunk falls. Rectal tamgj ^ attt^Tmses under working coaiitio)pR' Intamal temperature not akin tempera conirp*Hth* ae^^secretJdjijSjttbani*. Thermal sensation of pleesantngi^iV^ produced/ip, tha^flncLngci^^^t (metabolimt 300-400 kg.-cal.) at operSrtNve^rto- peratur*^9 instin^^ji^wlth the resting subject. Maximum cqrf8rtijr exper ienced at 2 below the point whore active swj&$s@retion begins* 477 Basis ction to Tropical Clint Daiv. 3uc^ _ ^ . " siol., 1,1-86 (1 " lest from dlatlon, co convection, and evaporation is^elated to c; Lrosmont s in heat production by the body* The consc heat loaa are discussed in de- tail* The extent to la the cardio-vascular and other systmss can coopensata ,ce is demonstrated, and tha signs of breakdown in thaae coapc ns irt described. The effects of food and of wrk on thermal e he pert played by the endocrine glands in maintaining this eqqj " Disturbances of the water and dactrolyta balance sqm Lroi conditions that Interfere with heat loss. Whan^dbimABatloa fi ite with heat loaa falls, the rosult- ing crisis max TjSey^Se form of hypef^T' rculatory insufficiency, alaetrc- r hyperdehydraattiioonn^*1 ^ 'The" ogical factors relating to each together with the a at at Leal signs and the development 2atlon to heat, are disc A ft section Is devotod to clina- and their assees&ent in ralatl vtO comfort and body reactions* rsiological Aspect of a Miner1 s Work. (Z.H. Moss. Trans. last, Min. Eng., 100, 141-151 (1941). The oxygen expenditure of walking at 3 a.p.h. wasQwasus in several subjects when erect* at a half-stoop, at full-stoop,. anadd nufsf^rjUll-;fours. Tho oxygen cons^nption of a 2 minute exercise period and of recovery^tjjp>lthe original resting level was very much increased by tho stooping posture, thm;# icnditure on all-fours be ing more than three times that in tha erect posture* <gtk^lar comparisons -ere undo during loading weights under c roof of varying Taaftifa. any posture that re quired the use of the back muscles increaaad oxygen eoanmynion. In all tests training the oxygan consumption. Snvlronmental^mparature had no influencs an the mechanical efficiency of ergometer work. 479 Sensations of Heat and Moisture. G.P. Crowden and W.T. Lee* Chinese T. Physiol*, 15* 479-489 (1940}. An arbitrary scale was fixed for sensations of tperature and moisture, -em . perature sensations were correlated with dry-bulb temperature, moisture sensa tions with relative hvmidlty and simmated indices for tbs two with ths "total heat of the air" as used In air-conditioning. . Industrial Hygiene Digest - 25 Hethods of Detection and Determination 480 Heetron Microscopy on Asbestos Dust Arch.f .Gewarbepath*, 10. 473 (April . la Aabes to sis. I. Kuehn. Gorman.)." The aAhor reports some microaco asbestos and of lungs of asbes-, tosijrjpSctlas for<\the purposejcf nlng what variety of asbestos is rej lblo^r^sbestojfr^. Sei {Sfcrystollte) asbestos Is the form gene; usod, t would be found in lungs with asbestod Suadius rgdoz however, that only hornblende asbestssii^jr aomon- strable 1 eating that serpentine dust is decomsoseag& the tis- 3UCS Tho electron microscope to study thSL^oA^sxze and structure la free dust ;and as found in tuTjLuifs. It is usual* 17 easy wP^^ftiplsh farms under the eleetnrfmicrwcope, the serpen- tine belongencz ad, deer and trpom^nt, and hornblende rigid br In 41 axaalMtlo^C^hp^particles from 3 lungs did Leate clcarl; .-was prcai ~ ^te^botoiaicroscoplc determisa- tloifof the refract!a je*1 dlus end Bygden, was then ma- ployed* That method asbestos needles isolated from the lungs were of the hornbl concluded that serpentine asbestos is decomposed in the lungs tisl cause of fibrosis. When asbestosls lungs are macerated with ni d^cn^bydrogen peroxide, both free asbestos needles and asbestosls of decomposition by r^>ybtdbla^*N Sornblende asbestos shows so signa >,jjjLtber^^the free needles or on the asbostc- sis bodies. Polar! gran natlon of -Lead ^.i!3one 273. 1 _ (German). '<&' The phlc method,. which is fuli^ uats of material, simpler pro tie action of the.polarigraph* Weinlg. Z.Physiol. Chat., the advantages of use of nt of the bone ash, and iochami stry- of SiHele.-AcldS" X% Isolation dentlgication of Minerals is Luna Residue and Air-Borne Dusts from Coal Mines*?* G. Hamdlschmidt and King. Biochma* X., 32,* 152-158. (1941). - ~'LS> . . The isolation of mineral residues from lungs by df^^ion with hydrogen peroxide, and removal of carbon from these residues and from ifr-borne dusts by beetisg to 380C are described*:- The minerals In the residues'^b^ben identified by x-rny diffraction methods* Data are presented for the <^Ssa$ltuents present is a lung roaidue end a mine dust; the main components* are u^r$c^and a member "* each of the mica and kaolin groups* 483 A New Method for ths Def nation of Free Silica in Industrial Dusts, a. *"4 L.- Sil-r^ww. X.Ind.gyg. k. Tax*. 29. 139-148 (April, 1943). :Tha authors describe a new method for free silica determination, la which the dust sample is first passed directly through a controlled flame, fusing practi cally ell pertielee excopt those of silica* Th fused sample is then collected by an electrostatic precipitator and roved to a microscope slide for analysis. The method can be applied :to air-borne or rafter dust samples. The amount of free silica is determined by e direct:covmt of the>fused end unfused particles. Possible interfering materials-ere refractories and those which decrepitate at high temperatures* Ihsse interferences ars not vary cosmos and when present nay Industrial ffygiene Digest . 26 be identified by their optical characteristics. The determination can be carried out on each microscopic field so that possible particle size variation in trans ferring fields is eliminated. Tbs method can also be used with the standard petrographic technique, reducing the number of particles to be identified if several refractory materials are present with fusible material.__Author's summary. - . 484 A Portable Slectrostatlc Precipitator. 156 (April, 1943). , . " . - ** /.Ind.fyg. It Tor., 25, 152- A2precipitator is desartihd ilr'which the sampling head and blower d^Ef&ritite from the self-contended ^jeer supply. This construction arrange git^jKtbf utaoghjfretdamof^oMamaat during sampling, so that the ope: J follo^ootioneB-jh^pbtef^ie^Les accurately representing their inhLtffcWbd^'The pracipvt^tbr nayuw)raLilj^nth little effort since ell parts wittf^fc^wception of the the high voltage condenser are standard struction'^^deisaSa^hnd typical data obtained ere press Tho con- 485 Dotcrmli Lint >Nitrate Esters: A Colo: athod. E. Yagoda. Xnd*> sen; 275 Januaryr, .1943), itrlc met , for'' letexainetlon nitrate esters is des- c2dadr, based on t. if tho e sulfuric acid and the ni- trwtioa of a-xylene' he The aethod has been applied to nitroglycerine, e: d peataerythrltol totrinitrate over a range of 3.0 to 0.00 cool is readily volatilized by a stoem- distillation which petal' Sion of the aethod to complex systems. The reaction proceeds in stoi rtions, so that the quantity of ester present con be avaluat nitrate standard. -- Author* s sugary. /.-i 486 Diethjrlaminoeth tea_geni or thdvffetactloa and Colorimetric Detarcuna- tioa of Saall____ _ f_ "AH__a_l_t_ro_ tolu_ e_ne in Air. 7.5. Goldman and D.2. Rusting. I .Ind.jfyg. 5,. (April, 194313^ A net, "" mating the..concent " the air is described in ie tail^ ^ utters* summary follows: c method has been devised tliaation of TNT based on the noethanol as a reagent compound. The color produced 1 We hope to publish a d soon for dinitrotoluol and for tet: use of this seme re- gent." ' Determination of yt. c,t.mtMHnw afr%toorohydrocarbons in Air by Reaction in Monoethsnolsmi*- Determination Bihvlsne Bichloride and (1942} l ChS. AhStS. 2, 1950-1951 {April 20, 1943J. %0\ These papers constitute the continuation of e series on^SwMsterminetion or fumigants (aany of which are also industrial contsminsnts^^The methods are long, and the original or the Chemical Abstracts reference should be consulted for details.'', " ,J" , .. . ' 488 A Modification of the Silica Gel Method for the Petsgflaation of Ateosphertc Organic Solvent Vapors. L.7. Cralley and others. J.lnd.Hyg. k Tox., 25, 172 . 174 (April, 1943). ' Silica gel has been used in the determination of benzene end other organic sub stances in air, but the method has boeh used only'greviactrlcally. Tho authors describe e modified motbod la which the organic vapor is adsorbod by silica gel sad then removed from the gel by e second solvent which will not cause subsequent Interference. The mount of the substance sought is them determined by any Industrial i$rgiene Digest - 27 accepted method of quantitative ehmic&l analysis, The authors applied it to the determination of carbon tetrachloride, which they restored from the gel by ethyl alcohol and decomposed by alcoholic potassium hydroxide. The chloride formed was then determined volume trieally, Additional studies are la progress ' to ascertain tho applicability of the method to the estimation of other organic solvent vapors. 489 list of Ltsctlvs Devices Approved by the Buraat H.H. 3chrii ^0f Mines Inf. Clrc., JJo.7237, . One of tl irricas to Industry la the jrotqwlott of hoalth by respij is ,3. Bureau of Mines system. The latest li ajrau^a^prove* been revised 10 pages of illustra- [Copies av(( Che laformatJ^Bi' Lon, Bureau of Mines, Lngtoi, 8.C.) 8490 A Practical Beussicso Hoalth, S5 7.580 JL 3.0. Dyirter. Am.l.of Pub. The author thidcs that ot a caoBittee, should be appointed to carry out a good housefcej lsrger plants the sefety director or engineer is the persoi sbutx er plants not possessing the ser- vices of such aplo^ seems best fitted for the job of supervisor. gives the supp ' uthority to incur expense for fir tures and Labor. SuggestSd^dut ths supervisor are:--to consult departaei labor to iaprovj:"dJ udt^ojy<flow9 plant traffic, and stcr- age of/ kquipment; to ascertains Al regulations concerning to Mark out a plan with ...tl tenag$^nan to heap equipment m sued to provide Janitor with itcali regular cleaning of the "interior establish a routine foi personal inspection of plant. Sow to D*a<ga Vrh.yus Hoods. . ?.M. DallaValls. Beet. fcVMnt., 40, (March, 1343). This is the first in a aertea of article# which iti^appoar in HSATX2X# *liZ tuttI- LAH2 during 1943. They are roprinted from a privately printed monograph which was renamed by the abstractor in this Digest, HbvmtBlft) 1939 under the title "Principles of Xxhaust Sood Design." <0 492 Ventilation and Heatlns of Marltu* f*TM-|Mlon Shine. J,fcp^thrJeert. Heat. - ?ent., 4o7"52-37 (Pebruery, 1943K ^ *' ^ This is an excellent- and thorough article describing tbs vontiletlon and heat.eg of merchant ships. All phasss of ths problem are discussed. The number of u: changes for various ship sections is given sad methods of sir distribution are shown. The article is well Illustrated with photographs of actual install a tisns. Special conditions required for dry cargo holds are described. 493 Ultraviolet Radlatj-gjund Ozone as Aerial Disinfectante. W.M. Coblentx. ^rcn. Phys. Theratrr. 23. 709-711 lDecember. 1942). ........... After a concise review of the literature, the author concludes thst "the use ;f .ultraviolet radiation and ozone as dislnfactants 'is not Justified andthnt if sot need intelligently thoee two germicides ^ auee serloue injury to the occupants of places undergoing disinfection. * Industrial 3?gian# Digest - 2Q 494 ?sgtta_Vftttqatlag. Beating and^Alr Conditioning. T.H. Urdahl aad w.c. Whittle sey* Heat., Pip., k Air Cond., !, 105-110, (February, 1943). Progress in warship construction can only he made by providing acre punch per pound, and a naval engineer should strive to develop lighter, stapler, and acre foolproof nethods to accomplish this end. Conventional practices should be con tinually analyzed from the functional standpoint and revised wherever commensur ate savings in weight or space are possible, or where dependability can be im proved, Tcatilating engineers are urged to oooperate in giving technical service regarding Naval construction, ' 495 Etlve Methods for the Prev of Industrial Dermatoses. N*t J ted i 15-1528 (August 13, 1942). 3&phsazlog >re. lost from work because of occupations, osos than heated of occupational disease, Dr, Schwartz ou; rotoctive methods' .on. These include pre-employment ons, eff dent veh the use of protective doth! ective oint- neats, >lness Different types o clothing and tho vdiS^^WLetsare .y discussed, and out that not only tbis^ib^&ng the ies and even the should be cleaned dally, Lrement# t 'irritating 'sera are listed. The artl- deludes wit .of protec ents, listing six general isos, and the esc! 496 aim nation of Gas Hazi latment Pl*3nts. Pacific Plush-Tank Co,, Water Works and Sewage, 63-46? (1941). The collection end utill gas are attended by the risk of explo- sion and the danger to^pStfmsMMg^ari m the poisonous properties of the gas. Operators hk the should bo at grojpdrSsvqr; fre^acees ,uate design of control rooms, which sad ventilated by forced draught, Detailed deslgd&S^rvmiven, Water-seals not ho used^JT&^alue of flame traps' is mains are unreliable and should lizod and suitable designs arc illuatrjM^r^oureea of ignition ansr^jfc# as for as possible, e.g, by Ph^w^ig explosion-proof dactriTM^ non-sparking tools, Gas Increases explosion risks, aad'A tea which nay warrant stor the most suitable types of gasho' med, It is essential to fataia a positive gas pressure throughout aH times, and means rr minimizing pressure losses are described^)) 497 Effect of a Vacua* on Destruction of Bactorln byj&HWlcidts* A.X, Salle and M. Sorzenovakv. Proc. Soc. Sro. Biol, fc Med.. 3fr^l-16 (Mar. 1942). Cultures of eight species of bacteria were dried omgiass slides or on cotton, placed la plumed tubes, and exposed to formaldetqrdo^^pgenerated in a closed chamber by tbe addition of comerclal formalin to potmtum permanganate. When the air ia the chamber waa at atmospheric pressure the tgwk-objects were in no case disinfected la 1 hour, end five of the eight speci#d:iE|p bacteria sumTed for 2 hours. When the chamber was evacuated to 29 la* of mercury before gener ating the seme mount of gas (which raised the pressure in the chamber to 28 in, only two bacteria survived for 5 minutes and none for 29, It is considered that tho only action of an initial vacuia is to cause penetration, A vacuum has no effect on the action of liquid germicide*. t 498 Tho shmlovaont of Dlilflfftft*,fe* in Droulet and Kiat Foaa*- S, Kliewe. Zeat.f. Bakt.I,Abt. Oiig., ^ 388-395 (March 26, 1942). . The author has embarked on a disinfection study oad tbe elementary conclusions which he roaches are already fmilisr in this country. He spreysd a saline sus pension of Chr, prodlgiorm into a vessel of 25 liters capacity or into a small Industrial Qrgleae Digest - 29 closed room, and enimeratad colonies in agar plates exposed at Intervals after introducing a disinfectant by- means of three different sprays, giving particles of different sizes. Experiments were done to show that the effects observed were due neither to disinfection on the surface of the culture nor to the acre carrying down of bacteria-ladcn particles from the atmosphere. Ho concludes that a disinfectant any be far more effective in air than in water, that rola- tive efficacy in the two media varies from one 4sinfoctant to another, that fine droplets are nors efficient than eo<gee, and that measures which will disinfect thaair of a room will not nocessasfipdisicfect objects in it, particularly fgb&d* or other Irregular sur$^Sk.e2&e believes also that the chnical f*^on of aixAs a practical potability, applicable with advantage to ing<t*ttfttres^as))to ncu^u for infectious cases. Whereas lysol %a/ n his dhM^^ents^^jLg^KiMaa out that something lees toxic is neci practio^, wrpososi@r^^raying inhabited rooms, one trial of<^2tsffft=^pparent- ly prevc^eu of chi cheapest among children, he use^^n^sorcin prepar ation." " * 499 The Probl Labor and National Service. leaflet P.L. 106 London (1942). Continuous and effective i to the problem of absenteeism in war factories. Di i provisions of the Sssential ?/crk Orders in the., ^ persistent lateness are pointed cut. Two classrt tjOibsences are those due to "facts" and these caused primff^jf^r*f3liags" la ess, causes of absences are sickness, shopping diffl quirtnents, fatigue due to long long journeys. An cond class is found in the tors in a permanently black who feel depressed owing sunlight end the apparent .illation, duo to the ab of air aevmaent, Lack of lnterost __, ,,__a lack of conviction its urgency is a cause of absence whl ch prgdUctib^ooaaittees should be able to help. An attack on psychological causoes Cf aabb4sent! greatest sin gle contribution that can be aade to a solutictt'jbftho 'problem. A redistrlbu- tion of work, or of tho.labor force, should ho S&iftdered so that those who_ need special working hours would not disturb the wedex^pf others. Appendix - gives a foot for the koeping of absenteeism records 'sai) Appendix II gives sugges tions for "follow-up" action cn these records, 500 A Study of the liffect of ?ixed-Pace Work Peon Health. <*!J*)Puraer. Caand. rub. Health J.t 34, 68-73 (February, 1945) , ^ The paper susssarlzea the first unbiased end systatie study of the chronic effects of fixed-pace work of the conveyor-belt type upon Jnssan efficiency md health. The investigation was based upon a study of production and illness records of 1033 employees in three plente. The investigation disclosed that fixed-pace work la detrimental to health sad contributes to w*k dissatisfaction and strained relationships between employer end wofkar. The investigator sug gests: (U more careful choice of suitable employees for fixed-pace work; (2, regular reft periods la order to decrease fatigue, break monotony end inspect machinery, and (3) variation of nachlne speeds in accordance with bvsaan fatigue curves*. Industrial Hyglens Digest - 30 901 The Problem of fuaetdawei Piscess *a Seen in Industry* 0.2, Bell* Cased. Med. Aasoo. X.* jgj 106*110 (February, 1943)* ' The paper indicate# the importance of psycho neurosis as a problmo to ba raced in industrial medicine. The author believes that the factor of compensation is more important than that of trauma in neurotic cases* Many physicians treat the injury without consideration of the functional disability that ensues. Laymen, however, are in complete readiness to accept functional disability without ques tion* The solution of the problem lies in the education of both the laity and cal profession in the *uW*2lUf states of functional disability, in- their existence, factozmnva&ble to their develojoent and means co h factors*^ ^ xx > 902 Medic ^ N Lefc^iN 13x1 t 20 (July-Augusrt, 1942). (British)* <^5XJS=^ ons are considered, often of young pS^o&reataring Suggestions aro given concermgdufe appointments desirability of the use of ti^j^uL methods by doctors aneo of giving lnstigsraon and counsel to the rei his relation to<-ft*\<5a and his employer. J.J. Blooafiald. Sw Eng. J. of Med _ 1941)7 The private physician be. probls of industrial hygiene, as only one third of -imeri} any medical service at the plant proper, although industrial hygteS reeslng .rapidly, A cut of only 10% In the nearly too,.000, lost to industry through disability would be a worthwbllec^&i^^&v Lbc * dlcal organisations could fom ten-- mittees on Industr^aV^^cne, rwifc wi private practitioners should cooperate* Obiett^w of these'ccasitte include; t1) treining zt ?hysi- clans to rejomfcwa/Eid report, ImadX^el pational diseases; (2) pre-en?io7- uent and praeqiephysicai examineti^ns^ (3 obtalning of detailed eccupe- tionaj^tSjr^Mttical histories* __tlon of Case Finding la Indus Su_n_n_*_.__9__7. 91 (July_ ._ 1942)7 Alameda County Association did fluoros adult persons employed in industry,, and made Turther Calif* k West.Usi., nations of 5, dll lee in 120 persons. In 79 peraoas (1.4%) tuberculosis or other diseaaeijaere ,d a---c--t-i-ve ,pu--lmonary. tuberculosis was present la 27 persons* The toi&^tSntt of the examinations was $2,368*18 or 42 cents per person. Tho cost of disordering aac* of 7 - ?a-- sons needing medical attention was >31.16; the cos7 df^finding each caso - active tuberculosis was $87.71. 909 Tuberculous Problems In Industry. W,P* Sheppard. CalifT^Qfest. Mad., Tuterc. SuppT, 57, 46 (July, 1942). ^ Tuberculosis has iacressed in tho nations which are at war. Contributing deters are: food shortage, overcrowding, inadequate medical and health facilities, increased work. Vaye in which Industry can help in the control of tubrcui:si3 are: firing the length of the working hours; refusing to hire inexperienced help comprising, people of an age particularly susceptible to tuberculosis; in creasing health safeguard# `dnd providing for locating early cnees* Kacass&ry ` health safeguards for industry are: pre-employmont and parlodlc health examin ations; compliance with the highest standards for ventilation, lighting and san itation; dispensary and first aid rooms; health education; responsibility of foremen; personal and domestic hygiene; plant cafeterias; rest periods; rotation on night shifts; prevention of ailico-tuberculosis. Industrial Urglens Digest - 31 906 Sqm Reflections on the Tuberculous la Industry. B. Mam, Tubercle, 23 72-75 (March, 1942). --' Attention la called to what the author considers on inconsistency la a schma suggested la a circular recently issued by the Mlnijtiy of labor and National Service. The mployaont of sputim nagatiTa end quieseont cases Is proposed, while "the Test bulk of usefully employable tuberculous subjects - tho 'middle case' with a positive sputum - is entirely omitted from consideration". Al though there is a strong prejudice sung both enployers and ttployees against admitting tuberculous persons into 4mstry, there is nothing In the existing of labor recruitment to gtfM|gaiiist the entry of unrecognized sput Lve cases.^ They may hge be^passed by the factory surgeon, or iTii. A contrast is pointed out r fo. Jid dissemination of the tubercle bac: Laxity In allowing increasing number: _ he ctive of Britain. The author s plan of Lthe tuberculous, similar to that case of would imply a low standard qf earnings IW Lding scale dependant ooir^reassesaaent of work- froposLi aade for tho infective cases in spe- jp or Lth adequate to canteen, hostel and facility ___ eonsidi t that previous history ''tuberculosis ate* LlaS cases of persons entering Indus* try, such subjects' interests. Mass radio- graphy should help to and son-infective cases, so as to Halt the dissemination" industry. 507 Industrial Health and New Eng. J.of Med., 227. 209-216 (August 6, 1942). Tho author stres ional diseases account for tha aajority of tho function of industrial nediclna 'the major healtl^n on industrial health program: (1) pr 4 which involves rout ' of working conditions and a safe ; (2) health education; ns; (a) medical and surgical arc: thorough nodical expert* , knowledge of job analysis and many ent and subsequent physical cations of ths industrial anting of industrial relaA brief discussion of ths problems of fatigue and malnutrition woSKgrtt is given. A series of graphs, based on the data on employees of tw^srg^g&pa&iei, are concerned with ths effect of the sex and aga of the worket^jjg^ the duration of tho illness on diagnosis. Others show the relation of porioisj& absence to the several days of the week. The fact that absences begin and^asd most often on Monday seems to indicate a psychological problem. . 508 Health Services in Industry. Industrial Welfare Soe. (Autography) London: 14, Hobart Plaea, S.W.l. 60 pp. (1942). The article stresses ths need for health service in industry and deplores the fact that there wore in June, 1942 only 190 full time and 550 part time doctors plcyed in mtnition factories. Benefits of health service are listed. Require ments for starting a works* health sorvica are explained: a whole time doctor is needed where more than 1000 are employed; a woman doctor should be engaged where women are employed. Smell plants, with less thus 290 workers should com ' bine to engage a doctor to serve several or should mqploy part time doctors to attend at regular, hours. The suggested organization is similar to that reoommsndsd in the United States and actually set up la many establlsMsnts. The publication Is recommended as being reliable and. up-to-date -- la fact it Is a valuable compendium of information such as any one undartaldag or engaged upon health work in industry wants* Industrial BJrgiens Digest - 32 909 SuccassfuLPhrsical sad Medicinal Treatment of Severe Carbon Moasrlde tia. Report on the ?n of Ferritin, a.G* Schol't* end . ^uschneid. Dout. Mad-- Woch., 67, 1382*1365 (Dec^ber 19* 19U). (German). '* Details ere given of treatment with porvitin, combined with pJsrsicol tberspy i2 a cut of encephalitis, following carbon monoxide poisoning. The dosage wbj'in creased from 3 n^. per day to 15 09. and was thaa reduced as bodily and mental activity increased, until, after a period of fire months the administration of Pervitin and seopolemins bromide, rttffe had been added later in the course of the treatment, was discontinued wLtSo ill effects. Ths special ralua of Pej tUwnai ia its power to axous*3asv patient from- his mental torpor, to res1^ hi^spnfidanca^f^ ultimate^jjigoT^py and to aocure his participation in than ` 510 The eataent of Shook. By the Comittee Associate Ccosittee on Modi cal Hesei Cenad. M.A. <, 196-203 artii .inti on account of ths great zsJtbe^Q# Tissue injuries, ored in industrial metfffiro. rriaAty or nsurogenic oonc beck in that tho appear more quickly and le rate is In^jffiKfnuy shook, successful treat- ipends upon >n of of ths condition, and in all serious wounds. >rri Ions, shock should be anticipated, General principles of mt st of bsnoxTbage, (2) Closure of wounds of chest, (3) Pc (4) Belief of pain by morphine, (5) Prerontion of further naervatlon of body bent, (7) Early res- toratlon and maintenance (6) Control of dehydration by edmlnls- tration of isotonic 3 travenously, (9) Promotion of comfort and confidence, (1 Ltloi unit. Burn shock Is briefly discussed. PI contii . end tumatocrit readings should be token coi Senm transf^en only adequate treatment. In the c: cssion syndrome rt&irfei .ueatly complicates shock, 2arly, tion of alkali may il failure, and pressure hand- iere ths syndroso. Anest in shock should be by or ethsr, never spinal pplsunted by three ices: The administration of dried aids to intravenous inistration of fluids; and reactions ca us infusions. A bibliography is obtainable on request* 511 Syphilis in Industry. ff.A. kelson. Am.J3yph* 4 Yea.Dis. 27, 73-77 (January, 1963). ", . The author ccmpl sins against ths prejudiced and mlsj public in regard to syphilis, especially the significance of ths blood tel ths dlseaggjgi cemnloshle at all times when s positive false bollof tost test is found, is prevalent, and its results are soen in industry as la fields. A post* tive blood tost frequently excludes able men from aployment. It bas been st^wa that a syphilitic worker is fully as efficient as his aon-syphilitic brother, provided he does not hsve cardiovascular or nsuraxlg lavolT--nt. The decision is thus left la the hands of an intelligent physician* The author urges that public igaomoa be attacked first through industry, by alle^ag the physician Ip steed of the uolafoaed laymen to determine the medical policy. 512 Relationship ef Disease and Weather. B. Seat* 4Teat., 40, 61*06 ifebfuary, 1943) . This article deeerlbee the air conditioned room reeently installed at iferthei* tern Univeralty Medical School, Chioagp, Illinois. The tsohnicsl details of the installation are illustrated and discussed* Industrial Qrglene Digest - 33 513 Which Job,- for Tatmy Workers? U.S. Dept, of Labor, Children'a Bureau. s pamph lets, 4-6 pp. each (October, 1942-yebruary, 1943} . Pamphlet No.l, "Itaploynent of Young Workers la War Industries," latrodueaa tha sarlas. Tha keynote la found in tha statement prlatad on tha titla page of each pamphlet: "Tha young worker of today la tha skilled worker of tOMrrow -- Pro* toot bln from Injury." Tha separata leaflets doal with tho accident and health hazards in shipbuilding la employment involving oxposure to carbon disulfide, la lead and load-using industries! and^tn aployment where chlorinated solvents art used* la conaaetloa with each tSl of employment, kinds of work la which verm* under 16 years of age s&rifikeftf should not bo employed era listed. T1 )f high school training's jfiognlzed by sou industries wbo wish to re they can bo developed into skillod rera or In dead and jobs. Existing n proTidoa much guidance, and legal rtg&omi, where y obserred. Tho standards developedftar'tNM$:hildren> s general in their application and nfeuroft* regarded as tact young workers during thisfSriod. (Copies 514 >e on National Office, 1942* 24pp Tha report Is tha : for woman employed in factories. It 1: comprti datlons found in which have boon rtvl< \War Factories. Session >rt from the Select Com* >ndon: H.M. Stationary an she welfare and medical arrangements Sorias end other government assisted and Mbodles features and raccmea* in the United States, several of the Industrial Zfyglene Digest. 515 Nutrition in ff fgnatli Pub. Health J., 33. 571-574 (DecemborT An easontidf^fci^fSo in tho products ttrial is tha canteen or restaur ant whsefeSstweetive, nutritious ' s are served. These saals od rofrishaant are inpo act< combatting fatigue, increas- iency and improving the heelth n the plant discussed a dietitian Is In charge. Tho study of tha likes of workers, end tha meals are freahly pr shift and served at cost During tho rest periods, milk, fresh fruit > oe made with 25$ nil* are. served. Tha personnel department and the at have charge of a program of education which includes lectures lag habits, healthy break- fasts, and proper choice of food la tha canteen, ^jtee lectures are given dur- lag tha worker's training period. IdSietQMl N--re If 516 The OKI that more than 97 por cant of Naval and Narine wuaded, from Poarl Ebrbor to March 31, 1943, have recovered. Thaaa figures were contained in a report by OWI on tha care of the wouadod by tha aedioel departments of tha Army tad Nary. Percentage figures for tha rooovery of Aay wunded are not avallabla at present owing to incompleteness of records from the fighting fronts. An analysis of available data on Army wounded shows that recoveries art compar able to Naval and Marine percentages. Of all Navy and Manns personnel tounded only 2.4 per cant died subsequently. Tifty-tbree par cent were returned to duty. Still under treatment as of March 31 ware 43.3 par cant. Invalided from service were 0.9 per cent. muse (May, 1943) Absenteeism Air analysis <99 fumigants 48? solvent vapors 483 Amoels poisoning 441 Analysis. aliphati&nltrstas 485 lead arograph; txisltr&Eo&pns Ansels tozlo Arsenic poisoi llTr cirrhosis Asbestos elsetroj As corbj sod 4ms 4eorptien B Antbrnsis In boss meal 416 Beryllium ton city 418 Black demographic, 461 Carbon disulfide poisoning 450 Carbon aonoxlds aaozteia camp stoves ' encephalitis treatog optic, CagteflavbfrtrfeShl pride ards 451 genic activity ay of compounds 46? Cyclotron workers blood findings 473 Dermatitis airplane industry 455 cutting oils 456 rubber mask 458 Domatqsos 457 pretention 495 Drawee and weather 512 functional 501 Disinfection droplet end mist 498 ozone fc radiation 493 yacum k gezBicidaa 497 Dust control exhaust hood design 491 Eloctrostatic precipitator portable 484 Eye infections Fatigue 465 mining ^ 473 Ferro us industsCiTTiygiene 438 Flbsrkl Aspects 419 fsorption & excretion 439 Jit toxicity 452 salts Physical examinations 502 ~ Pneuaocoaiosis aluoinun 414-415 iron dust 420-421 porphyry 435 Pulmonary Irritants Respirators ` Bureau of Mino^tAac' List Sastt---------Is 49 6 treatoent frato.Oatt^unci . 462-443-464 Lead danger ii poisoning \^7/ scrap rcJ toxicity of Lead tetraethyl in gasoline * health aspects lung effect 'Manganeso intozl cation Medical service industrial Mercury handwriting test Methanol chronic poisoning in industry -Mltro^oa o:d.de* poisoning Nutr^ tip g Phoaphor^i skin irritation \425 ,42< detemination 483 Silicosis intratborecic lymph nodes 436 lung function 434 lung residue analysis 482 Silesian potters 433 Slcin cle**T*a 459-460 Sulfur physiological effects 437 Sulfur dioxide in flue gases 447 pnetaonia 446 Syphilis 511 vTetrs-chloro-pgra-bonne- cutiaooSnseity 474 ^aimal onTlrocnent 47 6 Trinitrotoluene diet fc poisoning -*54 ^.'^Tuberculosis 5C5-5C5 WS^ease finding 508 504 492..494 431 Vargases and chemicals oocular effect 453 Wall's disease 449 sanA 513 Velding eye effects 446 fatality 513 health hazard lung affects 432 *11 industry 466 471 469 470 472 514