Document 2Rr4dgJ49DLNGxkK0Y6GNZy27

? i Jh. 7(! In letter to Barry Castler.an, Center for Science in the Public Interest, dated Jan. 31 regarding CSPI call to ban use of asbestos cement pipe in drinking water systems (NEWS AND NOTES, 1/21/74), EPA Administrator Russell E. Train wrote: "While prudence in tne public interest supports our current enforce ment posture, the medical literature does not support nor refute the thesis that ingested asbestos fibers are harmful. Feeding . studies have utilized massive quantities of asbestos far in excess of those that may be present in water and, even then, no incontrovertible data has been obtained. There is no agreement among workers on the methodology to be used to examine samples for fibers and neither is there agreement concerning which fibers are medically important.... Thus, while it is generally accepted that industrial exposure to air-borne asbestos is harm ful, this cannot be said with certainty of exposure to ingested asbestos. As a consequence, there does not appear to be evidence to support the action you have requested". In letter to Editor, Time magazine, following article in Jan. 28 issue, "Death From Dust", AIA/NA stated following: "The article, rDeath from Dust*, January 28, describing conditions at an asbestos insula tion plant in Tyler, Texas, should not be viewed as reflective of the situation exis ting in the vast majority of asbestos manu facturing plants in the United States. For many years, the industry has recognized the potential serious health hazards of ex cessive asbestos inhalation and has i.. stalled sophisticated control equipment and instituted improved v/ork practices to reduce dust concen trations to acceptable levels so as to provide a safe and healthy working environment for industry employees. In addition, the asbestos industry throughout the world is conducting, sponsoring, or cooperating in extensive medical and technical research, to 1.1am ever, move about the health hazards of asbostts and the means for. ti.sir coiitrtl." 0i-07071 I Opinion survey of more than 2,000 adults as representative sample of U. S. population conducted by Environ.iota 1 Protection Agency revealed savage treatment, industrial air pollution control, and solid waste improvement, in that order, as prime environmental problems. EPA.'s Donut" director John ?, Quarles in recent Boston speech advised EPA's work in protect ing and improving the environment does not impir.::e significant ly on energy crisis and is r.ct being shaved dew. by it. '7a or in fact, moving ahead without breaking stride," be said. Pro posed EPA budget for 1975 includes request for increase of $215M to total of $731M in operating funds. .'lost of the increase will be spent on energy research. Fourteen members of AIA/NA's Technical Committee met in Newark, N. J., Feb. 6. The meeting was also attended by AIA/NA President John Marsh and Executive Director R. H. Mereness. Committee Chairman Ed .Fenner, JohnsManville, reviewed present OSHA asbestos standard and parceled out assignments to Committee members for preparation of suggested revision of standard which will be submitted to OSHA later in year. Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) filed suit last December in ' U.S. District Court claiming proposed EPA effluent standards for a toxic substance were inadequate and asked that 25 other substances, including asbestos, be considered. EDF t/as joined in suit by Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC), National Audubon Society, and Businessmen for the Public Interest. No court action on suit has been scheduled. Next public-hearing on standards will be April 8. Meeting was held Jan. 10 among officials of Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ), EPA, HEW, and Mount Sinai School of Medicine to prepare Federal recommendation to governors and mayors of states bordering Lake Superior regarding drinking waters. CEQ and EPA officials recommend asbestos levels in water supplies be reduced and that Federal Government provide financial assistance for development of treatment facilities. It is under stood recommendation is under review by Office of Management and Budget (OMB) which must approve financial part of recommendation before further action can be taken. Items of Interest enclosed: - Letter to Editor, Consumer1s Research, following article in Jnn. 1974 issue entitled "`Asbestos- An Ubiquitous Air Pollutant . . . " (see PENS AND NOTES, 1/21/74). - "The Health o f Chrysotile A.sbestcs 'line and Mill Workers of Oueboc", Arch Environ Heal th/Vbl 28, Fab 1974. 0!-0205284 28 January 1974 Tha Editor "Consumers Research" Bowerstown Road Washington, New Jersey 07882 Dear Sir: The article on asbestos by Beatrice Trum Hunter in the ' January issue of Consumers Research contains some state ments and suggestions"which should be clarified in the interests of reader information. While it is recognized that the inhalation of excessive quantities of asbestos dust can be a serious occupational health hazard, both the National Academy of Sciences -- in a report prepared for the Federal Environmental Pro tection Agency -- and the International Agency for Research on Cancer, a division of the World Health Organization, have concluded that the general public is not at risk from inhaling the minuscule amounts of asbestos that have been demonstrated to exist in the ambient air. WHO further concluded that the available evidence does not indicate a hazard from ingesting the infinitesimal quantities of asbestos which have been found in water, food, or drugs. A conference of more than 125 scientists from 13 nations meeting in Durham, North Carolina this past November to discuss possible risk to the general public from ingestion of asbestos reported no specific relatable conclusions. With regard to so-called neighborhood and household cases of mesothelioma, it may be pointed out that in the huge chrysotile asbestos-producing region of Quebec, not a single case of mesothelioma has ever been discovered, despire intensive investigations, in the household of an asbssios miner or in the neighborhood of an asbestos mine or mill. In the United States, only four "household" mesotheliomas have been discovered. Literature is incon clusive as to the cause or causes of mesotheliomas Bccavse of ths long latency period of the niceao?, th * exposures vhi.eh led to the ca:-:-: rerouted vecur: 0: 0*05 Page 2 ago at a tirr.a vrhen neither the industry nor the medical profession knew very much about asbestos-related disease or the r.eans for its control. Today, sophisticated dust control equipment and handling techniques virtually eliminate excess ive dust exposure attributed to asbestos-related disease. It is not surprising nor should it be alarming that very small quantities of asbestos are to be found in ambient air and water. Asbestos is ubiquitous in our environment. it exists naturally in small, though detectable, amounts in serpentine rock formations throughout the world and. is constantly being released into the atmosphere through erosion by wind and water. Asbestos is natural to our environment and -- as analysis of dated ice from the polar caps has re vealed -- has been for thousands or even millions of years. Man evolved into his present form in an atmosphere containing a natural background of asbestos, both in the air he breathed and in the water he drank. Today's atmospheric levels of asbestos are considered by the scientific community to be . only marginally higher than in the distant past, a fact not to cause fear. . In the case of asbestos-containing filters, research conducted by independent investigators and by the Food and Drug Admini stration has shown no correlation between the use of asbestos filters and the presence of asbestos fibers in the finished product. In fact, the FDA found that an asbestos filter is an excellent medium for removing asbestos fibers that may have been present in the pre-filtered solution! On the talc question, the theories of Merliss have been criticized. Animal injection experiments conducted by Dr. William Smith of Fairleigh-Dickinson University using asbestos-containing talc have produced no gastrointestinal tumors in the test animals. While Ms. Hunter placed considerable emphasis on the asbestos migration study, of Cunningham and Pontefract, it is misleading, at the least, that no mention was made of the studies of Swinburn, Smith, Davis, or Bonser and Clayton, all of whom directly fed asbestos in large quantities to test animals without being able to produce a single tumor of any type. V7hile we can sympathize with Ms. Hunter's concern over asbestos because of its problems in the occupational setting, we do not feel that it is in the best interest of the public to raise fears and speculation unjustified by known facts and contradicted by major national and international health bodies. 30 211 / Pace r l- M) (!) H * M l JU -re ascastos- - r>. v;a 11 aware of the risk to h " ' excessive dust and has made available to employees e dust-eliminating or protective equipment, and it con intensive research into the asbestos-health relationship. Sincerely, Executive Director 3:-0-20f::C` Death from Dust When the Pittsburgh Coming Cor poration closed its asbestos insulation plant in Tyler, Texas, two yean ago, it did an unusually thorough job of clean ing uo after itself. Some 60 workers spent a week scraping asbestos waste from ma chinery and depositing it in a nearby dump. Then another crew took over. Ceilings and walls were steam cleaned. Every piece of equipment in sight was scrubbed down; some machinery was disassembled and shipped to P.C-C.'s home office in Pittsburgh. What was left was cut up and buried. When the crew finished, all that remained of the plant were two dilapidated wooden buildings that had once seen service as Army bar racks during World War EL P.C.C's scorched-earth policy has left few visible reminders of the facto ry's 17 yearn in Tyier. But the scars from the plant's presence will not soon dis appear. While producing insulation for the boilers and pipes of naval ships, workers in the plant were exposed to enormous quantities of asbestos dust, which, once inhaled, never leaves the lungs. Now, based on previous ex perience with asbestos-caused diseases, medical experts estimate that as many as 300 of the 869 employed at the plant since 1954 will die of asbestosis (a per manent and often progressive scarring of lung tissue from inhaled asbestos fibers), lung cancer or cancers of the co lon. rectum or stomach. Their deaths should come as no sur prise to either company or Government officials. Doctors have long suspected that asbestos dust is hazardous: there has bc>:r. .'.mple documentation of increased iiu'-icncc of lung disease and cancers am. people exposed to the mineral V, as 1961. Dr. Irving Selikotf. 59. York s Mount .Sinai Hospital. and Dr. E. Cuyler Hammond, 61, of the American Cancer Society, confirmed the deadly relationship in studies of workers at a Paterson, NJ., asbestos plant They documented their work in scientific papers and meetings. They also showed that even small quantities of asbestos fiber could be lethal Selikofifstudied a woman who died of meso thelioma, a cancer ofthe membrane that covers the lungs and lines the chest and abdomen. The Woman's only contact with asbestos came when she washed the clothing ofher husband, who worked in an asbestos plant After the work by Seiikoff and oth ers, P.C.C. officials ordered a study of the asbestos-dust hazard at Tyler in 1963. The report seriously underestimat ed the hazard. A 1966 dust survey found asbestos levels above recommended thresholds in many areas of the plant and a 1967 survey by the U.S. Public Health Service's Division of Occupa tional Health confirmed that the levels were high, but did not warn ofthe health hazard. After a Labor Department study two years later reported the same con ditions, respirators were issued to work ers in the plant's dustiest areas. But. ac cording to workers, at no time did P.C.C. officials tell them that they were exposed to a health hazard. "I even had one tell me that stuff, asbestos, is good for you." says J.C. Yandle. 48. a former employ ee. "He said you cculd eat it." Silent Violence. It was not until a 1970 law created the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (mosh>--and gave the Labor Depart ment's Occupational Safety and Health Administration rosir.vl the authority to enforce compliance with asbestos stan dards--that things began to happen. In 1971 a mosh team visitedTyler. con firmed the d-ivier of the dust levels, and emphasized 'hi extraordinary haz ard. The team pointed out many ex amples of poor hygiene practices: the company lunchroom was close to the production area and workers were us ing compressed-air hoses to blow dust off each other (and thus spreading it about), and the company was selling burlap bags contaminated with asbestos. MOSH promptly notified osha. which inspected the plant, fined. P.C.C. S21Q. and gave it four months to come up to standards. When a reinspecuon showed that the company still had not installed necessary dust-control equipment, osha fined it S7.990 and promised further ac tion. Forced to make a decision. P.C.C. opted to close the plant. It cited economic as well as environmental reasons. The closing should heip protect cit izens of Tyler from any further nsk of contracting asbestosis. But it will do lit tle to help those already exposed to the asbestos dust. Asbestosis and related cancers may not develop until 30 years after exposure to the particles, but once they do, they are painful and often fa tal. "He hurt with every breath he took, because his lungs were torn and scarred on the inside from breathing asbestos fibers," said Mrs. Robert Thomas of her husband, who died five months ago. Steve Wodka. 24, of the Oil. Chem ical and Atomic Workers Union, which represented the Tyler plant's labor force, charges P.C.C. with negligence, a form of "silent violence." One group of for mer employees is suing P.C.C. for S100 million in damages: some individuals are also bringing Si million suits against the Government for failing to protect them. But neither the suits nor any belated medical care that the workers may now receive are likely to alter the odds against their survival. Now that they have been exposed to asbestos, the deck is stacked. Prescription By Computer Properly programmed, the comput er can plot the trajectory of a rocket, keep track of a store's inventory, cor relate census data and help predict weather more accurately. But can it be trusted to make the kinds of life-anddeath decisions that doctors do? The an swer may be yes, according to a team of scientists from Massachusetts Insti tute ofTechnology and Tufts-New Eng land Medical Center in Boston. The researchers report in the American Journai of Medicine that they have taught a computer to exercise virtually the same clinical judgment that a physician must use in choosing a form of treatment. In the process, they have learned more about how doctors make such decisions When the researchers began trying to write a decision-making computer program three years ago. sa>s Dr. Wil liam Schwar:-:. chairman of the depart ment of medicine at Tufts University 01-0CC523S JA.NUABY 23. 1974 is i. SlU'V.'l v> vekiUon gets vote fttUiUj \j J i" L> ik * c > 'pa j s'&jg n^RCSt '.>' liio the i uii- hrnUClil Imi Nli-.V lln- fwM" * l" ft uI #elwx~ v ;<<** 6;eif.;,c\e* afe ....oS ?J . _ ,.->`'1 I.v..;ij III Ji: V? icrgcncv .'Hi studies hcini; m>( u liai kaim! water t'finu Ii\a- .11. i .1-i I *'i' and a>ni>in>cnc'J yl.in Ih'hu hid III the cvclt III. V 1 ,, N^o> 'i zdl\ ,,|ll ,u i c.f ' wp f ^ ATMR SOU) IN !*< K tered water r-\ ^ r ^ anti Cnj Dc\-.::r.:r: t.:-:;: said today ho cv"';* -o * ulira-fsllratirn v r.v:: al pun'ic auU::' f ! fireballs r.-- :re c -i ft January. ~!i?\ to ; placed at the Vest Ova." station. Ml X. Centra! A\c and the East End station. HO. E. 2nd St. . Each unit will supp!; filtered city water si a rate e: sis gallons per minute and b*. "variable without charge i \ See FILTER. Page 2. Tin fill?:. U ll.Nsri.Vi J m ehbrir.e r.nt! fluoride, how** '. Petersm noted. ' T\_ '.) dutt: u-!tr m-i-"- 1 v - -...... source c^v'i.S| nrr "-.copic } ~Ir. ^7 J *,V I /*(Cr s,>>. P'C/O/f^tho to* '^Oe Ju,'-'*e. We-r ^,.'0,-1^.'//; O'*., *n,L C0</ 3l-0205:-5g There are no ifs. ands or Puts arwnii il while oiiurrs hsik ;.u*ar.t.iCL ut v.;h. - I he lop news story of 1072 in Hip H^art supplies from wells termed equnitv '.i! of the lakes area lies in ihc complex from mvasiim of Uie situation originating from the mirt^ summerAnoounefmentj^ifeJiaaaaia' ofast^ston^^^^ii^eSmiSXlfiUttUar ana the rrmllini controversy overjhgr particles. yhile the issue the :..n-rcifibers arvilnetr cu.-it on lum poteatmt asgiblirj>P?ff^M|a7tr^^^ No other news story in many years' has ingrsied wjfn orirxing Qeiermiii^-im^*T7 TTuiunr aioiil< ..........I attracted the national attention aflorded lake SupiT_igr_w>tiT \ the Lake Superior problems. Nor has any single event in memory Attempt arc beinp marie federal finds lor a pilot sKri. held as much at stake for current feasibility of a regional wm. r : residentsof the Tri-State region and their plant to remove tbefihrrs fe-vn i- descendants. but tl appears il mav i y , Th rnornulv c' ihs siiuvmn years before any surh pilot pro-." - t3OJ O.J3 -< > `^1* <s3 ilji* 1 ,247,-183 1 ,3 3 5 ,5 0 5 + 1 0 . 2T, 1 ,2 9 8 ,2 7 4 Ol 1 M ft C ail S*. f 0| l ft <1 ft ft* is* f'M 1 JC ft* * ^1 f-1 zl m tu| 9 Zl &! 4* e xt s V>\ o *4 V)\ o\ t* (-1 e lAf m u:| *A mi H VJ| <\ Zt <1 **1 C.| 04 v3 ft* U. u <\ o 7T\ 3 * Si <J| <a o H C4 -* * 3 OJ ft* * 03 * ft* a. 4* > & * <c ) V o e. u o i 4 s. w o 4 w 0/ c. .5 4) 0 ft* n 4* ft* 0 +i *r S 04 41 ftft (A a. so (A R ft* A ft u> <*. e <M 4 4 VJ ft* C ft o V5 rtj Of rj ue uaA H * a *o e 3 oa .s ft* 4* ft* r3 ft 04 ft* 4* 3* ft ft* n eg 01 o l+ft 4) it V) 3 V cr z o Rm 04 u ** V3 4 (9 ft* H 41 T) T3 41 CL 44 2 a. > * o U c u 1/5 G 0 41 <u J 3 2 TJ O O' 4) <0 Z c a ** . ft* U <3 ft* m <* 0 41 0- * w p 3 ft* & u ft* A 1ft* 41 4* u u a. 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The Midwest Office o' the United Stales Environmental Protection Agency has taken action to eliminate asbestos emissions at demolition sues in Chicago, Illinois, and Detroit, Michigan. The annuuicement was made by ES'A Regional Administrator Francis T. Main Mayo said the EPA ssuctl orders lor violations of the National Emission Standards tor -Iarardons Air Pollutants to two . hicago and two Detroit wrecking irms. "Asbestos is an extremely hazardous ir pollutant since iahaiation of isbestos fibers has been linked to espiratory disorders and raesoiheioms, a form of cancer," Mayo pointed >ut. The companies issued orders were Ipeedway Wrecking Company and Uyitone Wrecking Company of hicago and Adamo Wrecking :orr y and Cuyahoga Wrecking onir-ay of Detroit. Demolition perations conducted by these firms ere visited in October of this year by ;PA Inspectors. 1>) 40 Countv r*> i ,. 3t 32 j n * ll> t.aurmOa Keys V LM health hcrard liuiliiina'. !:i j rep..!; n Superti>ors. Artout builumgs. cmei iiumini.-nranve admini-'rntive oir- Occuoa.'ional Ik-r.iM saying tnn: proi.m asbestos V ..` Among uiose lacilities arc the Los. Angeles Municipal Traffic Courts Building, the Beverly Hills Municipal Courts building, she South Bay County Building, the Northeast District Superior Courts Building, the West Covina Courts and Health Building, and the district attorney's quarters in Montebello. The asbestos materials emanate from loose, acoustical Tnsuiation m the cciung and otner areas of the vmmniiu.tf heaim K pOSSIOn ideveiooinent ut later m me Will, along with tlie conn engineer. Mechanical I'epann- and tfte Occupational Health No vice. is recommending tn.-. corrective action be uodertokeimmediately on the Long be.-icr County Building. The action in that building wouju involve:. tamping firm all loose 45 4 JOURNAL OF C0a.*.!E?.CE 4 asbestos and applying a sealer m the entire asbestos ceilmc. INDEPENDENT HVIEW spraying the entire ceiling with'a non-asbestos material; and ap plication of the sealer to the in sulation and fireproofing 0* ^ structural beam- - -..... Dust hazards The violations cited consist of a Pt. XtMIH aiiure to comply with regulations Backed by scores of letters from IAM mem-* htch require the wetting aiKwemuval ben, one of the nation's top occupational health I all asbc<io<_mMgCial prior fo experts has broadened his research to a variety omnienccnimi ot demolition ot tile of hazards io metalworking. "Used portions of asbestos were taken from boilers in solid blocks and pounded with a ham manually to reduce it to powder for reuse. ~ was economy for the railroads. The dust inh. uiiQim;. Pr. Thomas Mancuso, research- professor at the from this process resulted in chest pains for wc University oi riuisourj{h_s..oi,aduate acnoorot i*ut> eis that-were comparable to a severe cold." EPA inspectors said the Speedway lie rtealtn, began by^CTUblismag a iuu. betweea Vrecking Company was cited for railroad machinist jnj^ccnfi^rTgjB^ff*cancer In rmponse to a quotioo about a possible e< pesMtien claim. Dr. Mancuso points out i iolattug Federal regulations while causeATS Winking arouno asbestos. He*"a still "asbestos produces asbestosis. which in ti emolishing an eight-story brick and working on that flazardTTM- causes emphysema. me auenion that need* to oncrete building off the corner of Many hazards * '.. determined is whether your emphysema could uperior and Hudson in Chicago. The icystone Wrecking Company was cited But 1AM members who have related the dangers of their jobs to Dr.'Mancuso have caused him to related to the asbestos to which you were posed. ' ir violating Federal regulations while .investigate a wide range of other hazerda - ol- "If you can prove your asbestos exposure c recking a three-story brick building venu. fumes, dusts and mists. Here is one example the yearT1air ifTchest x-rays indicate find' djoining the Regal Theatre at 4741 S. of working conditions as experienced by a retired similar to tsbestosis, vou couia nave me bm lartin Luther King Dr. 1AM member from Newark, N.J., a victim of acute a compensation claim of emphysema. . . 1 th emphysema, related his experience to Dr. Mancuso there wouio be workmens compensation cl this way: benefits if the substances which produce emp The Detroit firms were cited for sema existed in the roundhouse. This could tola . at the following locations: idamo Wrecking Company, a fourtory brick apartment building at '`During my 50 years on the railroad. 1 worked inside io the roadhouse. My work entailed repairs on the air brake mechanism ot locomotives. While we made those repairs, other repairs were being either asbestos or silica dust from the fire bn that results in silicosis. Both asbestosis and silk, subsequently cause emphysema." 701-1707 Seward; Cuyahoga Wreck- made on boilers which required removal of Problems invited ng Company, a Chrysler Corporation asbestos, creating an enormous amount of dust. Dr. Mancuso is interested in hearing about actory at 12025 E. Vernor. "The ventilation was limited to a few windows health problems of IAM members in all mdustr at ground level. At times we had to leave the build If you have problems with your Jungs, throai Mructurcs subject to the regulations nciuciy iiiMHuiionalJ_chinniercial _or ing to get fresh air. The fumes and smoke were iskin that you think are caused by your job. * almost unbearable. No masks or other safety Dr. Thomas Mancuso. University of Putsbuc equipment were issued for our safely. Graduate School of Public Health, |30 D-:i> ndustnal buildings, and apartment "After diesel repairs were made and the engines St., Pittsburgh. Pa. 15161. uikluu:*- h.niiic more than tour started up for inspection in the roundhouse, they !welling units. Such buildings often created a grot deal of smoke and gas fumes. ontam asltcMiH in the form of boiler. Sometimes the engines were kept running for two >ipe nr iicain insulation. or three bows while the inspectiods were nude." Dr. Mancuw's reply made these poiots: Su _Q. MgP-->M. ta--l "We kMV that asbestos. wiW produce Jferosts vnfortrment Director for EPA saldt and- emph' ysema. ... i"t -is -q-u-i-te: oobbVviiOoUuSs ttlhat you `These actions arc the first steps of an wefTEtposS to substantial amounts of asbestos in -.PA entimement program jo control past years. . . . Your doctor should evaluate your chest x-rays to see whether they indicate a certain istmius eniivvions from demolition stage in abestesis. It may also be possible that the `&V 10 V*14 diesel fumes may have aggravated the condition." Another retired machinist from Florence. Colo* who suffers from emphysema, describes the round- u...... v/nrketL . 01-0205:- Asbestos and Talc Main Discussion Points- i,l C-D-l-G Meeting; NIQSH Report p m* I 1 i n. 2 -- Tlie 513th t rl'.l-C Rnn.-tv for i- . > >. lut.l Vm- *ni pen .J ,CT Hi Mold, Dayton, with 12 m*irvk*r* ' jn-ts present. Aiifl-M' N'. -...... .. vice president, in- .ri'diii C ' 5' ?. alec of rhrer Inc , aIvi talv<l a l)ctcvt'"i' i.n.i In- ' .. . . - t *'**'! I* ~ . .K M.iiiity i it - .. f i. T..7.-T o! ih* Physical 'eitin^ vlt ,i.p t 1'i'vr >" K' ton. Tj Staiil-;- toll, whs cun'--ru*<t with ne detection meih.d5 and invrsiigaUve rocediM-s it.---1 for asbevln* and a.- t-stifnrm malrrials He > i lo '>'c infer >-/lo-me: health has.",`'R f*i tn* vposii: i.. r. . -'o- r*.; ir. .-.iform unf;- io i:i.i -is.nii;|iV(i wi;ji talc ivt! Ic ' ).u">.i:iNu uv m.i-- u.i-uirt *no v T7.g? ..-ts nun r> -- i.li lUcaux* Pazer-position as a supplier of ic. a ron.i*)l- method of detection and -ntificati n Mil to be developed. The cnnlquee hud to be simple but also sitive ana 'uumUguous. i>"vril>*s Tul<- He described tale as a naturally oo* ring hydrous mignesium silicate with general i--nula similar to serpen- >e and asbestiform mmerais that Ji.n-e been shown by the government . Bfiri other Investigator* to lirtve pos- Moe cancerous implications. T.iic uhs described at being derived Irvin min eral* containing various amounts of tremolite. chlorite and a group of crysolite minerals called amphibules. The chemical formulas of all these ate similar becnur- *11 of them tire hydrous magnesium silicate wuh a layered St I Hilt 'll ' Slnoley 01.1 tn.it aUhougii ip' itself lias never been shown to pr.*lii, * tiie irreversible health problems Us chem* 1 lesi near neighbors have, the exact vuiiors of the undesirable side in.'-liuns of the human body when exposed to the ftthi-s-ifo-m mUif-gj^i^L-u^l--Lniualy Cie-tr m IQ'S imu. His investigations reviewed me metn.KJs and methodology for determining asbesloa. trcmohie. and - asbestifnrm minerals in talc. The three most likely candidates were: 1. Light microscopy. 2. X-ray diffraction, and i 3. Transmission electron microscopy. , Examine* Minerals | In his procedure, samples of pure talc nnd tremolite were obtained from deposits already owned. Sample.- of I pure and very carefully prepared as* j ml- ... /-.kiincil from the I'.K. lest were y p uni foi inspection vet e laborato:>. lie found that certain neral and mineral species shown to free of a-hvstiform minerals by xy diffrntion and light mirroscopy ire found to contain certain high per* mages (five or morei of the asbestl*m mineral* when viewed under the tnsmlseion electron microscope. A v technicue was then needed and is turned ut w> be electron diffracn. Slide* " -iv shown or the minerals unwed by t: is mtn<ij. Institute for Occupational Safety and Health!. Cincinnati. His subject was 'NJOSH -- Overview and Toxic Paint Materials.'' ; Lee explained tliat NIOSH i* a Fed*! eral agency responsible for formulating] new or improved occupational safety' and health standards. NIOSH Is the principal Federal agency engaged in re search. education and training in an effort to eliminate on-the-job hazards to health and safety of the Ameri can workforce. The Institute's main res*utch laboratories art ta CWeinoaU,1 Washington Post ,)an. 29, 1974 r1nhj e Spirituous Truth By Tom Zito where additives sometimes abound. While tile l-'oud ami Drug Administration hat! been pressing iov rcgulanons, government aciiou o Ub-iUnd was sparked list year when .Michael -Iccoomn. a co-dircclm- of llio Comer for Science in ihe Public inn-r est, puulistvcd .1 booklet 'Tiic Chi-micnl Additive* lit Booze." In addition to titscvrxs.nS the use of cobalt sails in beer production tvhich reportedly led ta the deaths of more Hum 3$ per sons in 186B, snd too use of a preservative in certain wines that generales a can* cer-eftuung agent celled urethan, Jacobson questioned the regular use in liquor ol hi .1 \c.:- ' < " <>: juiir f::\: > Rr.irrli nil.' Mi ' i . CUulO'ui ftv.'., ' . Ilium. jii-...:i ; u- uv - ' TI'C "I ''M ,ti-' IS OI'O|)0i.i ; 1*. ' : . jl. II-;,| w.l' -I-;.I ; . ir.nu>v> ' in.'rfj.tills . 'disiill'.-'.' sr":! " . 1 scoich, nr. - The lifi-vr ihi..it > :. IhM lilt- l;ibi Is n\. ;'* tl; inn *:.e. Ci-'..'--r.ov ^ ys' grfiu.iN. on t"' f li.'md, icrl ih.n ii.o rr vcculatvoiis um u enough inforri l; -n nlabels. Anil, inv- s;i.rules don't rrt.mio far wine and trer, pr-..-. coloring an,,' fljv * avoms. like- cl'cvi whose pnyvuiu^iLJ) v.'i \ have not been adocu;.. tested. Kvcn-c.irli; iu.-.> *1 < govcrnmniit Ii.i.i b'vn n i- of ''forcicn bullied alcoholic Ijpv,,. In in unpm >..... "Imlusiry CmuI-u " C- Ocl. 18. :.:-J yen' < tjuor jndusii'v rc;nv lives by the Treasury >' p.irimcnrs Carcau oi A v hoi, Tobacco ar.ii I'nvi.r" the bureau noioii, "Wo . :v becoming incfcnsinclv << > corned about the rp-.. finding of for. iun :. .> SUnett its bottU'd ulco' .-iic beverages. Anions the mji.*- rials found II?. ir.. - 10. !f rj);;;t% r P-....... . fh* edunimnal sneaker i intnxUx ed by Pick Bliaaard. chairrv ot (i.v Rducattonel CiwWHIMe*. : speaker was Jeffrey Lee. special Ixtaot to the director. Division of fentral Sorvlcoa, NIOSH (Natteaa' umn 7. 1974 tos and cellulose fibers and 1735s." The pending government regulations specifically ex clude "incidental additives . . . such as an inert filter." the source of the asbsetojMi^ j>ers referred to in uic circu^ `IVe've got a petition in to the FDA on j*j*t such a mat LIQUOR, From 81 '!* to ttiree-folrt hiyltoi cidence of gaMrainlesnr cancer. And thew s no *1 [level of cancer-causiui: 1 stances. One asbestos (i ' could potentially cauae a i- ter," s.iitl Harry Casllen.ui of the Center for Science in the Public Ir.tcreiL "Al- flior. There just hasn't iice efuapi research done ycl." thutigh Iherr hasn't hccis enou ih testing done on Uic questiun ol itsbcMos inges tion as opposed to inhalation, ivc do knuurthjt one si tuly of asbestos work ers iiiav u.oy nau a The, rcyilutionc still to h^77?7r^*^^^. e-lilies oneSiTTriT-.. v.uu (`i.'iii-'ei iwtavui `-:iJaTti. anil ,iii'>-.!u-i tV.'O ud)) Willi VC." v scnUUvcs of Hie li<|iii'i in dustrj'. IVarre-j Mi Cui.i'i U n anokesmnn for the bur m said that th* meeiinss mi be dosed to the public .me proa*. To allow a free ilov \ f information, with nu a..i liokilng anything bark.'' Asbestds lfttcTO3tion AsodaSon North America 1660 L S?':*, N. VV WiShugJo^, 1 7 :cn**