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GP04L 2001 United States (Gypsum Gompaiw Chicago FOREWORD INCE 1916, this Company has been manufacturing Structolite, a light-weight, fireproof, highly insulating, quick setting struc tural cement, which has been used extensively in the construction of roofs and floors wherever these unique qualities were essential. Recognizing the demand in the construction field for a material of these special qualities, to be used in the erection of the walls and parti tions of industrial buildings, this Company developed the use of Structo lite for this purpose. After ten years of proven service in our own plant construction, we now recommend its use, knowing that it will meet fully the exacting requirements of the building public. ADVANTAGES OF STRUCTOLITE Fireproof--Protects equipment and stock. Eliminates production interruption from fire loss. Reduces insurance. Perfect Insulation--Saves coal. Requires smaller heat ing plant. Cooler in summer. Warmer in winter. Monolithic walls eliminate draughts. Adaptable--No special equipment required. Permits any exterior or interior wall finish. Ideal for any climate. Readily cast to any design. Soundproof--Millions of air cells form an ideal barrier to sound transmission. Quiet increases working efficiency. Economical--Rapid set speeds construction. All materi als readily obtainable. Low labor costs. Permanent--A natural rock cement. UNITED STATES GYPSUM COMPANY CHICAGO Copyright isii6, by United States Gypsum Company, Chicago GP041 2002 STRUCTOLITE TOR INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS WHAT IS STRUCTOLITE I TRUCTOLITE is a specially proc S essed, quick setting cement, manu makes it ideal for use in exterior bearing walls, interior partitions in single story factured from gypsum, and is used in industrial buildings; such as service sta concrete as the cementing material. The tions, garages, foundries, and other one concrete is composed of Structolite, sand, or two-story buildings, and in multiple and as a coarse aggregate, either steam story buildings as curtain walls where boiler cinders, blast furnace slag, gravel, loads are carried principally by structural or crushed stone. This concrete weighs steel or Portland cement concrete. approximately one-third less than Port land cement concrete. The ultimate com pressive strength varies according to the aggregate used and richness of mix and will range from 750 to 1575 pounds unit stress per square inch. Structolite is a white cement, and the concrete when dry is very light in color, ranging from a light gray to white, governed by the aggregate. The Exceptional in Structolite The exceptional combination of High compressive strength and light weight Factory fttiildivR with Sirurfnfitr U nlit Interior oj Fireproof Structolite IFalls Cutting Costs With Structolite The obtaining of a high strength within thirty minutes to one hour after pouring allows the forms to be removed immed iately thereafter, saving in form material and labor in making up; equipment can be released sooner for the next operation; large work is shortened by weeks; per mits the use of unskilled labor, thus simplifying labor problems; all materials readily available; white walls make light ing easier. These items cut building costs. Compression Tests The structural value of this material has been determined by compression tests made at Columbia University, New York City, The Building Dept., Philadelphia, Pa., Washington University, St. Louis, ami at our own mills, using various mix tures of different aggregates. The following tables show the excellent results obtained by the tests conducted in 4 00Z 7^ 0 d3 STRUCTOLITE FOR INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS the laboratories of the Building Depart ment of the City of Philadelphia on specimens 28 days old. ` PROPORTIONS BY VOLUME 1! 2 Structolite, 1 Sand, 3 Aggregate Aggregate Av. Unit Stress per Sq. In. Gravel 1312 Crushed Slag 1297 Crushed Limestone 1281 Cinders 908 A comparison of the loads and results of all tests shows a safety factor for ordi nary construction of not less than 10, and under average conditions from 15 to 25. Fire Test The Building Department of the City of New York, co-operating with the Civil Engineering Department of Columbia University, conducted* a Eire Test at the University Testing Laboratories in De cember, 1923. Walls 3* thick and 9' high by 14' long were subjected to a maximum temperature of 1810 Fahr. An average temperature of 1707 Fahr. was main tained within this structure for one hour. Immediately following this, a stream of water from a 1)^ nozzle at a distance of approximately 8 feet, and a nozzle pres sure of 30 pounds, was directed against Washington University Testing Laboratory United States Gypsum Co., Chicago, III. St. Louis, Mo., March 2, 1926 Dear Sir: I have this day made for you 2 Tests of "Structolite" for compressive strength, icith the results herewith appended. yery respectfully yours, . . '. N. B.--Tests made daily. Reports copied and kept confidential. J. L. Van Orumm Per E. O. Sweetser Lab. No. Mark Size of Tested Section Square Inches Maximum Load Producing Rupture Maximum Strength in Lbs. per Sq. In. REMARKS 12775 12776 C4 C5 6.03' diam. 6.03' diam. 28.7 28.7 38600 38150 1345 1330 1 Specimens made 2 -15-26, -1--3, with cinder 1 aggregate. Age at test 15 days. One week in f cool room. One week at 85" F. until no further J loss of weight. Test made March 2. 0U00I 00002 00005 C6 6.04'-(- dtam. C7 6.04'+ diam. C8 6.05' diam. 28.7 28.7 28.7 31200 30400 29450 1085 1060 1025 1 Specimens made 3-2-26; 1J4--1--J mix, with l cinder aggregate. Une week m cool room, line | week at. 85 F. until no further loss of weight. Age J at test 14 days. Test made March 16. 12837 12858 12839 12840 12841 12842 S4 S5 S6 G4 G5 G6 6.05' diam. 6.05' diam. 6.00* diam. 6.05' diam. 6.03' diam. 6.05* diain. 28.7 28.7 28.5 28.7 28.6 28.7 40200 452(30 41900 45000 42500 43650 1400 1575 1480 1570 1485 1520 | Limestone for f All mixes 1H--1--3 made f Coarse Aggregate March 18--Tested April 3. Age at test, 16 days. First ' 4 days in room (temp. 65" ] Gravel for 1 Coarse Aggregate F'.);then 12 days in hot room (temp 85"1\ to 95F.) until no further loss of weight. Test nude April + Copy of these reports to J. S. Strong, 1415 Chemical lildy., St. Louis, Mo. 5 rv o o STRUCTOLITE FOR INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS the super-heated interior walls for 2^ minutes. The test was an entire success. The following day interior and exterior surfaces were carefully examined and found to be in a remarkably good condi tion. The Official Report on this test states, "The exterior surface of these partitions, as they appeared on the day following the test, showed no visible sign that they had gone through a one-hour fire and water test." The interior walls where the natural calcination of gypsum would take place, still showed some of the form marks, indicating that calcination from this intense heat and the washing action of the hose stream had not pro gressed to a depth sufficient to damage materially the structural strength of the wall. This test was conducted in accordance with the building code of the City of New York, Article No. 17, Section No. 35-5, Subdivision No. 3, and the Industrial Code of the State of New York, Rule No. 512 of Bulletin No. 7. Upon the Follotving the jiff l/m(l n water stream teas tltne.vn against the interior walls. The d-inch Structolite concrete wall passed this test without material damage. satisfactory results of this test, Structo lite has been approved for fireproof resi lience construction by the five Boroughs of drearer New York. Vr\j A f \f r- \ VA 1 jj 1 _ 1*1 m ! S | PIMP ii m m mtnd I vrptitat Mitr aclI t>AOTinoM PCI |T13T MAM on Otx. -n TXC HOMO Kt pBVt 'tonj -- CJ -- ci _s un l- F 1| mruTiSNAu nntf trust. Wtrum BATuCt OU*l &lOt JUS** 4 jpppa n URUL 3U rrx r ... ... 9 8: A__ n= ti 3 This curve shows the average temperature on the interior walls. which was maintained at 1707 Fahr. for the required period. The maximum was ISW Fahr. Satire that the outsides of these walls, only three inches thick, did nut exceed 210 Fahr. Structolite Won't Burn STRUCTOLITE is a specially prepared gypsum. Gypsum products have long been recognized for their fireproof quali ties, and tests by the Underwriters' Laboratories and many other recognized authorities over a period of twenty-five years have established this claim beyond question of a doubt. The temperature of a gypsum wall cannot exceed 212" b'alir. except directly on the surface exposed to a fire. Picture in your own mind this proc ess which must take place; the water of crystallization in the gypsum must be vaporized as the surface slowly' calcines, and in this calcining portion, the air cells are filled with steam. In fact, the entire exposed surface becomes a fire-retarding curtain, a thick, steamy mass of gypsum in process of calcination. As Structolite is merely a structural form of gypsum, it possesses this splendid quality so essential in the construction of factory buildings. 6 GP041 2005 STRUCTOLITE FOR INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS -l$ Insulation Effective insulation is now demanded by owners and builders of factories be cause they appreciate the saving possible in the heating equipment and fuel con sumption, as well as the big advantage gained in better working conditions dur ing winter and summer. Gypsum has long been recognized as the only structural building material possessing insulation to an efficient degree. Structolite is gypsum treated mechani cally and chemically to increase density and compressive strength. Naturally, Structolite possesses all the insulating qualities of calcined gypsum. The princi pal advantage of Structolite as an insu lator is due to the fact that structural strength and high insulation are combined in the one material, tending to simplify construction and thereby reduce costs. The following table is for the purpose of calculating the heat loss in B. T. U.'s (British thermal units) per hour, per square foot, per degree difference in temperature for different materials. The values given here are the results of tests at Columbia University, Pittsburgh Test ing Laboratory, University of Illinois, published data by the American Society Conductivity in B. T. U. loss per hour per sq. /1. per decree difference in Wall Construct on Temperature Siding, sheathing, studs, lath and piaster on inside...............37 Siding, paper, sheathing, studs, lath and plaster on inside .30 X* Cement block, stucco, plaster on inside...........................35 X' Krick wall plastered on inside............................................ 36 X' Krick wall furred and plastered on inside....................... 2K (* Clay tile stucco, plaster on inside......................................46 S' Clay 111c stucco, plaster on inside....................................32 6' Clay Tile stucco, furred and plastered on inside.......... 40 X* Clay Tile stucco, furred and plastered on inside...........30 6' Clay Tde, brick veneer and plaster on inside.................27 S' Clay Tile, brick veneer and plaster on inside.................23 (* Clay 'Hie, brick veneer, furred and plastered on inside .22 S' Clay Tile, brick veneer, furred and plastered on inside .20 6' Structolite, *4' stucco, V f plaster on inside...................16 S' Structolite, a.4' stucco, K/ plaster on inside...................127 6' Structolite, ?4' stucco, furred and plastered on inside .143 S' Structolite, 9'4* stucco, furred and plastered on inside .115 (>' Structolite, furred 54* stucco, L/ plaster on inside. . .129 8' Structolite, furred stucco, \ plaster on inside. . .106 6' Structolite, 4' brick, plaster on inside........................ 12 S' Structolite, 4' brick, plaster on inside........................ 0995 0' Structolite, 4*stone, } / plaster on inside...................... 152 S' Structolite, 4' stone, plaster on inside........................ 121 (' Structolite, 4' stone, furred and plastered on inside. .136 S' Siructoliic, 4' stone, furred and plastered on inside. .Ill of Heating anti Ventilating Engineers, and tests conducted by Dr. Severinghaus, of Columbia University on Structolite. For a comparison of heat losses through the roof the following table is taken from published tests by Professor G. F. Gebhardt, of Armour Institute of Technology, Chicago. The heat loss is shown in B. T. U.'s per square foot per degree Fahrenheit difference in temperature per hour, in cluding roof covering: 3' Solid Pyrobar (30* Tile)........................................................... 25 4' Hollow Pyrobar (30' Tile).......................................................20 3' Solid Concrete slab (1-3-5 mix).............................................. 65 3' Solid Concrete Slab (1-2-4 .Mix)............................................. 75 1'Cement Tile.................................................................................99 2J4' Concrete slab on metal lath.................................................69 2'Plant--yellow pine.................................................................... 38 Table for Figuring Heat Loss Q--K A (t. -- t|) B. t. u. per hr. in which Q is the quantity of heat lost through radiation in a wall, window, door, or .roof in one hour. K is the proper coefficient listed below. A equals area of wall, roof, window or door in square feet. T| is outside tempera ture and t2 inside temperature. K=walls, roofs, (See tables in preced ing paragraph). K=Glass. Single windows l.oj. Double windows .48. Double glass each window .72. K=Doors. Iff Wood .50. 2" Wootl .46. Corrections for exposure. Multiply K by N. E. S. W. 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.2 From these comparative values, it is very apparent that Structolite Construc tion with one of our pre-cast or poured roofs will accomplish the desired results in a most satisfactory manner. Economy of Structolite The proof of the economy of Structolite lies in the using. All materials are readily obtainable; a minimum of skilled labor 7 GP041 2006 STRUCTOLITE FQR INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS CONSTRUCTION DETAILS w_ POtCflST PYDOBHB. Vitbifild Till, Sheetboo! Pybofiul pQLCflST CONCBETL, BOOT DLOd --- STONE OB OTHLB COPING ~j os U.S.G.OEIENTBL PBEPBBED BB5E COOT RND STUCCO FINISH L *2 XI4GA. CB IMPED GflLV. LLLCTBICBLLY WELDED MAT STAPLED TO STBUGTOLITL- GP041 2007 STRUCTOLITE FOR INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS CONSTRUCTION DETAILS -l--/ Siu. Wood Srsh Dlto,u_5 GPO^l 2008 3 STRUCTOLITE FOR INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS is required; the rapid set of Structolite re duces the period of construction, reduces labor costs, and permits the rapid and frequent re-use of forms; a minimum of treatment is required for both exterior and interior walls; less heating equipment is required; a saving in fuel costs results, and insurance and maintenance savings extend throughout the life of the building. Do not delay in specifying Structolite for your factory walls. We will gladly co operate in working out costs, methods and operation procedure, and, if necessary, will put one of our own construction superintendents on the job to assure you of the best results obtainable. First cost is not the only consideration. Maintenance, upkeep, repair expense, in surance, fuel costs, re-sale value, et cetera, must be balanced against different mater ials in order to determine their actual cost. In Structolite, you get a maximum return per dollar invested. _ ./ Snrrf.t.tfii/ H'iuirr Styuctnlih' 'Job Cost Table i. Forms may be purchased through us or in many places rented from our dealers. The investment cost will average out less than 11 .c per sq. ft. of wall poured whereas the rental cost will run approximately 3c. The labor cost is figured in the following manner: 2. Figure a carpenter to place spread ers and wire and a laborer to help set up under average conditions. With reason ably regular walls they can set and re move from the wall more than 60 square feet of forms in an hour. Example using typical labor rates Carpenter .Soper hour Laborer .60 1.40 60=2.330 per sq. ft. of form or 4.67c per sq. ft. of wall. 3. On this basis; in an average plant where Structolite delivered at the curb in paper bags costs $ 17.00 per ton, cinders are procurable for $1.25 per yd., sand at $2.25 per yd., and with the labor rates given above a 6" Structolite wall will cost: Cinders .85 x -7 Sand .2S x x J^ -7 Structolite .25 x x }-> 2000 Form investment cost . . . Form labor.................................. Mixing and placing .... ..11 .015 47 .06 Damp proofing........................... .02 Nails, wire and reinforcing steel and felt course on foundation . .01 Mixer, scaffold, material protec tion and small tools . . . Insurance and overhead 10% l*er sq. ft. of wall .... 03 .292 .029 M> -*> 11 Cold Weather Construction Rapid hydration, and quick hardening brings the Structolite concrete in a few minutes to a point which is beyond seri ous danger of frost and cracks. Jn this quick setting, heat is generated which affords further protection against freezing. 10 GP041 2009 STRUCT OL1TE FOR INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS Forms Forms may be either wood or metal. From our experience with many types of each, we recommend metal forms, be cause they are more readily handled, very elastic, durable, and rapidly re-set, thereby tending to reduce labor costs. A very smooth wall is obtainable with metal forms. Metal forms come in 2-ft. square sec tions with smaller pieces in i-in. vari ations to meet required measurements. After these forms are clamped together for the initial pouring course they may be reset in sections from 6 to 30 ft. long without dismantling. Temporary wood spreaders are used which are removed as soon as the forms are filled. The forms are wired to keep them from bulging, by twisting No. 12 galvanized wire through the proper holes. A 2" x 4" is clamped on one side with standard clamps as a whaler and is the only aligner required. Wood forms can be used with economy whenever desired. They are quickly re moved, effect low material costs and low labor because of the small amount made up at one time. A minimum of bracing is required for either, as the lateral pressure in a quick setting Structolite wall, erected in 2-ft. courses is very low. Owing to the rapid re-use of forms, only a sufficient quantity is required to rake care of a two-hour pouring schedule. Lateral bracing in the form of aligners is required for one side only, and should be 2" x 4" mill dressed material. Separators to maintain uniform wall thickness may be 1" x 1" thick. The inner and outer forms are tied together with wire. Mixing Mixing may be done by hand in a mor tar box, or in a tilting drum type concrete mixer which has been found entirely satisfactory, when properly cleaned after Cartful tampinggives a smooth surface which will save finish each batch. It should not be over-agitated by either method, or over-puddled after being placed in the wall. To facilitate cleaning of mixer, which is essential be-, cause of the quick-set, the water required for each mix should be introduced into the mixer before the aggregate, the sand and aggregate second, and the Structo lite last. The mixing time should be no longer than necessary to thoroughly in corporate the different materials, and the concrete should be immediately placed in the forms. Tamp or puddle in the forms only enough to eliminate voids or honey combed sections. A Good Example of Metal Form Work on Structolite IValls What Kind of Foundations The foundations should be of a stone masonry construction, or Portland ce ment concrete, and should be carried to 11 STRUCTOLITE FOR INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS 18" above grade line, the size of the foun dations being determined by the load to be carried, and the nature of the soil. erected and the second course poured. By the time this is completed, the bottom course will have its initial set, permitting the removal of the lower tiers of forms. These are erected on top of the second tier, and the procedure continued to the required wall height. All rough bucks for openings and frames for windows are set in place as the forms are erected, and the form work should run past the openings so that as the walls are poured and puddled, the Structolite forms a tight seal on all sides. Struclolile Curtain iValls on Portland Cement Foundation What Floor Construction In one story buildings, without base ment, the usual Portland Cement concrete slab is placed on a well tamped fill of sand or cinders, and wood floors of any type may be laid on concrete slabs. The second floor may be of wood or, masonry con struction such as concrete beam and joists, or steel frame and reinforced gyp sum floor slabs. How to Build It Structolite walls are erected faster than any other type. Foundation walls, piers or footings of Portland cement concrete, or other masonry, are run up not less than 18" above grade, thoroughly water proofed, and a strip of 40-pound water proof felt is laid on top. Wood or metal forms are then properly set and braced, allowing 6" minimum thickness for ex terior bearing walls. Experience has shown that a height of two feet is best for each pouring course. Corners are re inforced with 1 >" rod at least 4 feet long, spaced 2 feet apart. Immediately upon pouring the first course, an additional set ot forms is A Typical View of this Simplified Construction At the height of the ceiling, anchor bolts should be imbedded in the walls to secure the wall plate. On this are placed the roof rafters, or second-story joists, and in the case of a two-story building, the pouring continues to the roof plate line. What Wall Thickness As the conditions existing in each build ing vary as to the height of wall, loading involved and manner of application of these loads, it is possible to determine the thickness of a wall only by considering these variables in making design. From the test data given, it will be seen work ing stresses for compression of 100 lbs. per sq. in. for cinders, and 125 lbs. for gravel or crushed stone Structolite concrete are 12 u o z l^OciO STRUCTOLITE FOR INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS conservative, anti contemplate a safety factor of ten or more. However, these working stresses permit of the average one or two-story buildings being erected without the use of structural steel or heavy concrete frame, except where un usual concentrated loads are encountered. Structolite Floors and Roofs Variations of our Sheetrock-Pyrofill, Poured Monolithic, Structolite on HyRib or Precast Floor or Roof systems may be adapted to suit various factory designs. We will be glad to have you consult with our Engineers to determine which type is best suited for your needs. Precast Floor Voids in the concrete joist floor system offers a fireproof floor construction suitable for many buildings, at a minimum cost. When a stucco treatment is to be applied, a 2" x 2" No. 14 gauge crimped galvanized electrically welded steel fabric is stapled Attractive Service Station Stuccoed fFitk Oriental to the wall with a 2" staple every square foot. The crimped fabric is self-furring, insuring correct location in the stucco for maximum strength. If, for any reason, it is desired to furr the exterior wall, the strips may be nailed directly to the Structolite in the manner indicated in the specifications on page 14. What Interior Wall Treatment For ordinary factory work, the interi or walls do not require any finish. This economy will be realized as greatly in favor of Structolite in warehouses, found What Exterior Wall Treatment To obtain best results, the exterior of Structolite walls should be protected by coating with an approved damp proofing and given an exterior finish of stucco, brick, or stone veneer. The United States Gypsum Company's Oriental Stuc co lends itself most readily to exterior wall treatment, and offers a variety of millmixed permanent colors, and at the job requires only the addition of clean water. An Undecoratei Interior H'all ries, forges, or blacksmith shops, etc., where a decorated wall is not required. When metal forms have been used, or care taken in the use of wood forms, the Struc tolite wall will be found to have a smooth 13 STRUCTOLITE FOR INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS 2. If sand is used, place sand evenly on the coarse aggregate. 3. Spread over the sand the Structolite cement required. 4. Dry mix the aggregate and cement thor oughly and then add the required amount of water anil mix thoroughly. 5. Deposit the Structolite Concrete immedi ately into the moulds, puddling the mixture dur ing the pouring so as to prevent air bubbles or honeycombed surfaces. REINFORCEMENT--All window and door openings not exceeding five feet clear span shall be reinforced with not less than three (3) round rods. When the location of the opening is such that the depth of the lintel is less than 18' a steel or reinforced concrete lintel shall be used. Spans in excess of 5 feet shall have steel or rein forced concrete lintels. The rods shall extend not less than 24* beyond the clear opening on either side and shall have hooked ends to provide anchor age. All corners shall be reinforced with Yi round rods located in the center of the wall and extend ing not less than 24' each way. They shall have hooked ends and shall be spaced 24" on centers. FOUNDATION WALLS--All Structolite Con crete walls shall start from the foundation walls. Foundation walls shall be carried up to not less than 18' above the grade line. The top of the foundation walls shall be coated with an approved damp-proofing compound. A strip of not less than 40-pound roofing felt or other approved fabric shall then be laid on the top of the wall and an other coating of damp-proofing applied over it before pouring the Structolite Concrete. CHIMNEYS AND FIRF.PI.ACF.S-Chim neys may be built by enclosing the Hue lining with Structolite Concrete. * Fireplaces may be built of Structolite Concrete by facing the exposed surfaces with fire brick or other lining. WATERPROOFING--All exterior Structolite wall surfaces shall be thoroughly coated with an approved damp-proofing compound before any exterior finish is applied. In bathrooms or elsewhere where a tile wain scot is used or where Portland Cement is used as a plastering material the Structolite Concrete par titions or walls shall be coated with an approved damp-proofing compound and a 2' x 2' galvan ized wire fabric of not less than No. 14 gauge wires shall be securely stapled to such walls before ap plying the cement plaster. EXTERIOR STUCCO--If an exterior stucco finish is desired a 2" x 2' galvanized welded fabric of not less than No. 14 gauge wires shall be se curely stapled to the Structolite Concrete walls, using 2' staples. WINTER WORK--When pouring is to be done under freezing conditions, the aggregates used must be free from frost. Newly poured walls shall be protected. Specifications for Oriental Stucco SCOPE OF WORK.--The wort required under this section of the Specifications comprises the stuccoing of all exterior walls and chimney surfaces as shown on drawings and as here inafter described. PROTECTION OF MATERIALS--All materials used for this wort shall be placed in a dry location on the site and shall not be stored on the ground. Materials shall be delivered in the original pactages of the manufacturer. MATF.RIALS--Materials used shall be United States Gypsum Company's Oriental Base Coat for the scratch and brown coats and United States Gypsum Company's Oriental Finish Number (sec Oriental Stucco Color Card) for the finish coat. REINFORCEMENT--A 2' x 2' galvanized crimped welded fabric, not less than 14 gauge wire, shall be securely stapled to the Structolite walls, using a 2" galvanized staple, spaced not more than 12' apart. This fabric shall be lapped at least (f around all corners and angles and all horizontal laps shall he not less than 2' MIXING--The Oriental Stucco Base coats and Oriental Stucco Finish shall be used with the addition of water only. Water used shall be clean, and free from all acids or strong alkalies. The mixing shall be done in a mortar mixing machine of the rotating drum type for at least five minutes, or by hand in a water tight mortar box until the proper consistency has been obtained. There shall not he mixed at one time more mortar than will be used within one hour. No re-tempered mortar shall be used under any circumstances. APPLICATION--Oriental Stucco shall be applied in three coats. The scratch coat shall not he less than **' in thickness, shall be applied with pressure and then heavily cross scratched before set with a suitable device to provide a strong mechanical key. When thoroughly cured and dried the scratch coat shall be wet down and then followed with a brown coat of not less than Js' thickness properly fioated to a true surface. The brown coat shall be allowed to thoroughly cure and dry to per mit any shrinkage to take place; then wet down before apply ing Oriental Stucco Finish. If the weather is dry and hot the brown coat should be kept wet down for three days to permit proper curing. The finish coat shall be applied to a thickness of to depending on texture or finish desired. IS M OZ 1*?0c0 Architectural and Engineering Service UR architectural and O engineering service is always available to assist in working out any problems which may come up involv ing the use of Structolite in roofs, floors, partitions or exterior walls. Quantity sur vey of structural materials will be made upon receipt of plans and specifications. UNITED STATES GYPSUM COMPANY 205 West Monroe Street CHICAGO, ILL. SIOZ