Document 2RR3K2JygkQLv0x3YNXdOVD6R

FILE NAME State of the Art Literature SAL DATE 1946 Nov DOC SAL043 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Trade Journal Article - Industrial Hygiene Importance of Dust | FROM FROM 410 448 2368 410 448 2368 06-07-94 08:00 TO albert 14103626401 12 P.1 Eugene W. O'Brien Managing Director e Francis C. Smith Editor Hunter R. Hughes Jr. Associate Editor Richard L. Priess Mouthwestern Editor W. E. Coogler Production Manager Businges Raprasantativas K. L. Rogore KKoooomm 1P9h0o4ne N. Y. - 18 East 48th St. New York 17 Fless 2005 William St. Bowdoin K. Hoffman 28 Maplewood N. J. Phone So. Orango 2.24B1 Maynard L. Durham 01 Coving too Road Buffalo 14 N. Y. Phods Amberet 6882 A. .DufC.idiSnmgitClehvelandClevelaCnldevelAandud1i4tori^uamlo Cherry 7962 -Phone B. Johnson 188 North Michigan Chicago ATG 1 Phone Central 181 6868 L. B.ChappellAnditorium Ange ich Phone Tacker Calif Central DallasTexas. Alehar^ Phone Central 7878 Subycription- Abkpal Condo SubycriptionForeign 3,00 @ Pablished Monthly by W C. SMITH PUBLISHING CO Hardware Publishers also of: Culion Elea trical South Bouthern Routhern Automation Journali Southern Building Supplies Smith Vice President J. Booke President H. Executive : W. Mcallister ; President W. O'Brien President Sharpless Treasurer President A. B. Smith Vice C. Cook Vice President ) A. A. F. Rob , cretary cretary Editorial and Executive Offices GRANT BUILDING ATLANTA GEORGIA mo, Damage Fly by ny Ash Erosiobn y Harry M Spring | e ee a 70 Electric Troubles Circuit by a ; Thomas Trail a bene eee eee ee ., . History A on of Power byCarlJ. Eckhardt Jr. es 86 . , Soothe oo PRACTICAL DISCUSSION | ne a oo : Threade secnees DR Tight ee etebe eee, 80 -RoutingOperation Improved Magnetis Street Oleaner 02 Ladder Aldo Maintenance 6... =| 94 + ; eer Manifold Aida 16. Simple ^ir mot Reading Bs, Motors and Gauges 0+ :. ...0.20 002 01 00+- . Tronning Repairs : eee neat : '... DEPARTMENTS ae Bo : Soe, . -* on : . PACTE AND TRENDS. lec. enete.e 6 | BUYERS INFORMATION s aan TIMELY COMMENTS ... 37 ^ INDINDUUSSTRTYRYINDUSTRY PHAKE Cee 39 NEWS OFTHE MONTH 88 NEW AQUIPMEN ....-:-- cine 114 : INDEX TO ADVERTISER^ 136 ne te FROM FROM 410 448 2368 410 448 2368 06-07-94 08:01 TO albert 14103626401 12 P.2 At left - Cutaway showing section of grinding ring and journal view bowl roller Al laft Section through mill exhauster showing new shrouded fan wheel with - whizzer blades COMBUSTION INCLUDE HEATERS 6 PRODUCTS ALL TYPES OF BOILERS FURNACES PULVERIZED FUEL SYSTEMS AND STOKERS ALSO SUPERHEATERS ECONOMIZERS AND AIR 1945 SOUTHERN POWER & INDUSTRY for NOVEMBER . 14 FROM 410 448 2368 410 448 2368 06-07-94 08:02 TO albert 14103626401 12 3/11 now better than ever 4 (in . Bago! >. In 1935 the E Raymond Bowl Mill came into the field with design and operating ad- power of vantages that revolutionized previous concepts coal pulverization It had a wide capacity range It handled wet coal with great facility It was accessible and easily maintained The mill rugged low In ran quietly and power consumption was = the Bowl Mill won immediate and consequence widespread acceptance among plant engineers more than a million lb pr hr of grinding capacity = was ordered within five years Today the Bowl Mill with all of its initial ad vantages offers several new improvements among which the following are of major importance 1 Bottom Bowl increases the response of the mill to load inactive area where coul can remain in changes by eliminating any material such the mill also avoida any tendency of heavy abrasive as pyrites to accumulate in the bottom of the howl por 2 The Whizzer Wheel - a new exhauster wheel design which greatly increases the life of exhauster blades A shrouded wheel carries heavily constructed whizzer blades which bypass a tion of the coal mixture directly to the cxhauster outlet In service this has doubled the life of exhauster blades in some cases more than doubled it 3 New Resisting Materials are now being used for ex increased life of hauster liners and deflectors resulting in greatly these parts 4 - Feed where conditions permit larger Bowl Mills Center freer flow of can now be arranged for center feed which assures a coal to the mill and serves to equalize wear on grinding parts the E Raymond Bowl Mill after more than 10 years at the top of its Thus 1946 finds that make it better than ever before field still adding refinements in design and material 40 of all Bowl Mills purchased to date are Repeat orders 977 AVENUE NEW YORK 1 Ld N 200 MADI SOUTHERN POWER & INDUSTRY for NOVEMBER 1946 vy. 15 FROM 410 448 2368 5 410 448 2368 06-07-94 08:02 TO albert 14103626401 12 P.4 Garlock 180 Spiral packing . GARLOCK 125 Ringa GaBLOCK 200 Low in maintenance cost because it such long dependable service Costly shut- gives avoided Man downs for frequent repacking are hours and machine hours are saved Use Garlock 150 on piston rods of cugines pumps compres- to 800 lbs sors etc. against steam pressures up The Garlock Packing Company Palmyra New York In Canada The Garlock Parking Company of Canada Ltd. Montreal Que . 7 enws er we tame ens ee oe! SOUTHERN POWER & INDUSTRY for NOVEMBER 1946 eae am ng eee td ALS FROM FROM 418 448 2368 410 448 2368 06-07-94 08:02 TO albert 14103626401 12 P.S Industrial Hygiene Importance of Dust By N. V. Hendricks Chief Engineer Industrial Hygiene Service Georgia Departmen of Public Health Nearly all types of modern industry are concerned with dust and its control a Courtesy M. A. to FIG 1. THE MIDGET IMPINDER USED FOR GOLLECTING ATMOS PHERIC DUST SAMPLES liate between the origin of these materials a definition of them is in order THE annual cost to industry from uncontrolled dust amounts to a staggering figure In many cases the problem of dust is dismissed by management as only a nuisance In other plants the recovery of certain dusts is eco- nomically sound especially where the particulate matter may contain precious metals or may carry valuable processing stock Aside from any nuisance or economic loss resulting from the escape of dust there are certain dust ex- posures which may result in acute health hazards This is especially true of dusts containing a high percentage of free silica asbestos | or other toxic materials Where health considerations are involv- ed in such exposures legal aspects present themselves In most states where occupational diseases are compensable specific coverage is given to those disabilities result- ing from the inhalation of silica dust Definitions Many times true dusts are con- fused with fumes smokes mists and fogs In order to differen- DUSTS are formed by the reduction of earthy materials and are usually produced by such ope- rations as crushing grinding buffing etc. The particle size of dusts may vary considerably ranging from microscopic to visible FUMES are formed by sation and sublimation conden Chemi- cally they are metallic and are usually the oxides of such metals as zinc and lead The particle size is usually below one micron Smoke comes from the burning of organic material and its particle size is usually less than one- half micron Mists and Fogs result from the condensation of water vapor on suitable nuclei and the particle size will vary with given con- ditions General Properties As a substance is reduced in particle size there are certain general properties of the material which are changed On breaking up a solid into finely divided particles the surface area is greatly enlarged and therefore the space occupied is greatly increased As an example a piece of quartz one centimeter on each side when crushed to where the particles of one micron in size will present a system containing 10" number of particles The total surface area will be 6 square meters If these dust particles are dispersed onto the atmosphere in such manner that the concentration will be 100 million particles per cubic foot the space occupied by this dispersed system will be 10 thousand cubic feet The chemical activity of a solid is considerably increased by a reduction in particle size Thus the rate of oxidation is increased as is evidenced by occasional disastrous dust explosions The phenomena of adsorption becomes more important as gases are more easily adsorbed on the surface of the smaller particle From the standpoint of health hazards resulting from dust ex- posures the physiological proper ties of dust vary somewhat with the particle size It is an accepted fact that with exposures to silica dust the smaller the particle size the greater the hazard Physiological Response Drinker has summarized the reactions resulting from the inhala- 61 SOUTHERN POWER & INDUSTRY for NOVEMBER 1946 FROM oe 410 448 2368 tion of dust sponse into are 410 448 2368 by classifying the re- four groups These a Pneumoconiosis dusts producing this type reaction are harmful only when inhaled The principal materials producing this type reaction are free silica and asbestos dust On inhalation these two materials produce specific lung pathology and from the standpoint of disability present the most important of the dust ex- posures b Toxic Reaction poisoning by lead cadmium or radium These materials produce harmful effects when taken into the body both by inhalation and ingestion With reference to lead and its compounds which may be present in the atmosphere as particulate matter it has been fairly well established that entrance into the 06-07-94 08:03 TO albert body by innalation is more important mode of entry than the same material taken by mouth This is primarily due to the fact that when such materials are tak- en into the body by inhalation the major portion is taken into the blood stream whereas a considerable part of that taken by mouth is removed by certain organs of the body c Metal Fume Fevers conditions result from the inhale- tion of finely divided fume particles The importance of metal fume fever has been brought to the attention of industry by the great amount of welding which has been an important industrial tool for the past few years Where burning or welding is done on surfaces which have been galvanized the problem of metal fumes becomes Immediately important TIG 2. PHERIC THE ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATON AS USED FOR COLLECTING ATMOGBAMPLES OF DUST AND FUMES INSERT SHOWS RATE OF SETTLING OF DUST 14103626401 12 P.6 This is also a problem in : foundries where the pouring of brass A ig done and certain organic dusts Common Industrial Dusts combin Carbonates are usually a ed with either calcium or mag- nesium They normally occur in nature as calcite and magnadita or as dolomite both magnesium the carbonate which containg 3 and calcium as Limestone and marble contain considerable & amounts of these carbonates as 3 do the materials from which ce ment is made Due to the solubility in body _ fluids these materials are remov ed when taken into the body : by 5t inhalation The presence ofcar- bon dioxide in such fluids is an important factor influencing their - solubility The same thing applies |, to the presence of carbon dioxide,: in water which comes into contact 4~ with these materials In the pres ence of carbon dioxide the car- 3 bonate is converted to the more| soluble bicarbonate thus adding < to the ease with which it is remov- ed by solution Experimental and practical ob- servations on carbonate dust in- ;: 4 dicate that these materials are not ' harmful when taken into the body | by inhalation This is probably due to the fact that they are easi- t. ly removed due to their solubility Sulfates are common Industrial .>Sot materials and this general class ' may be Ulustrated by gypsum | ee which is calcium sulfate This is a common material and is widely - used in many industrial opera- tions It is generally considered es that this type material is non ete le and does not present any par- ticular problem from a health fed standpoint Oxides vary considerably in their physiological reaction In . general the nature of the reaction will be dependent on the type | metal from which the oxide is de | i rived Where such metals are | specifically toxic as would be the case with arsenic or lead a spe- cific toxic reaction could be ex- APE pected from the inhalation of the oxide However other oxides ap- pear to be relatively harmless particularly where the metal is of a specific type This is true of iron oxide The mining of iron results in the exposure of a great number of men to the oxides of | SOUTHERN POWER & INDUSTRY for NOVEMBER 1946 14103626401 oh g + FIG 3. GEORGIA KAOLIN DUST MAGNIFICATION 10X FIG 4. QUANTZ DUST SI TION 154X MAGNIFICA FIG 8. DALCIUM CARBONATE DUST MAG NIFICATION 130X am a 3 re ya: | a this metal However it appears that exposure to the dust of iron does not produce pathology unless such exposure is accompanied by the pressure of free silica The mining of coal results in exposure to coal dust which con- tains a high percentage of carbon Detailed studies of exposure to coal dust have been made by the U. S. Public Health Service and other agencies It has been found that in general coal dust is retained in the lungs only when such dust contains a high per- centage of free silica Although coal dust may be deposited in the lungs of exposed individuals the condition resulting is usually not considered disabling unless silica . is present Silicates make up an important class of industrial materials and are used principally in the pro- duction of ceramics and similar materials Talc kaolin mica clays etc. are chemically silicates and their widespread industrial ap- plication results in a great number of employees being exposed to this type dust With the excep tion of asbestos which is a silicate this general class of materials does not appear to produce a disabling condition except in isolated casen when taken into the body by in- sociated with many other minerals and ores The disabling condition resulting from the inhalation of free silica is known ab silicosis and has long been a problem with industries such as stone cutting granite foundry abrasive and the like where silica is used in processing There are relatively few industrial operations which might result in direct exposure to pure silica dust The importance of silica lies in its association with other materials As an example in foundry operations the dust generally will contain clay and materials of a non- silicious character so that the ac- tual percentage of free silica may be relatively low This is also true in exposures to coal iron oxide and the mining of ores When hard rock or s^>licais present these dusts become important mainly due to the presence of silica rather than to the Inherent properties of the parent material Factors Influencing Hezards In evaluating the exposure to a dust there are several factors which should be taken into consideration The duration of exposure is important as it will in- dicate in a general way the total amount of dust which might be previous employment Where such a condition exists the desirability of preemployment examination is obvious The concentration of dust breathed is important as this within certain limits will deter- mine the possibility of develop- ment of dust diseases Consider- able research and practical obser- vations have been made in the field of dust exposures to corre- late clinical findings with atmospheric concentrations For free silica asbestos and some of the other materials fairly definite standards have been established The nature of dust is important primarily from the standpoint of free silica content This is particularly true of mixed dusts which constitute the majority of industrial exposures The volume of air breathed enters into the picture as it directly influenc- es the amount of dust which will be taken into the body The rate of respiration or amount of air breathed in general will be determined by the physical effort required on the particular job Where heavy work is being done naturally an individual will require more ventilation then where less physical effort is involved Dust Measurements ean halation expected to have entered the body oe Asbestos is the only silicate Obviously other factora enter into In addition to the factors in- known at the present time which such an evaluation of total dusti- fluencing dust hazards it is neces- produces a lung pathology com- ness and these will be discussed sary to make direct dust measure- parable with that resulting from later History of past exposure is ments in order to obtain a true re silica dust important This is particularly evaluation of any dust exposure BS exOpfosualrle the dust found in indus- true where an individual is ex- Such measurements are m^,deby try probably the most important posed to silica dust This point is the actual collection of dust samdust is free silica or silicon dioxide It of extreme importance to industry ples the counting of the par- occurs in the form of quartz flint due to the fact that a worker may ticles and by the identification of sandstone and chert and is as- have contracted silicosis under a the materials making up the dis- 63 SOUTHERN POWER & INDUSTRY for NOVEMBER 1946 FROM 410 448 2368 410 448 2368 persed system For the collection of dust samples several instru- ments may be employed Much of the early work done on the control of silicosis in the mining areas of South Africa was carried out with the Konimeter This instrument has been used some in this country however it has not met with the popularity which is enjoyed by certain other methods From the standpoint of collecting efficiency the electro- 06-07-94 08:05 TO albert whether it be merely a nuisance value or health consideration To most industrial hygienists 50 million particles per cubic foot is the maximum atmospheric concentra- tion of dust under which an em- ployee should work It should be pointed out that the only way of determining both the nature of the dust and the actual concentration is by direct sampling and similar procedures for the counting of dust static precipitator is probably the choice instrument however most of the work done on correlating Case History ANY industries having prob- atmospheric dust concentrations with medical findings has been based on samples collected and counted by the Greenburg technique The collecting device employed is an impinger unit which samples at the rate of one cubic foot per minute Counting by this technique is done under light field The percentage of free silica in a dust sample is usually determined by either chemical or petrographie methods Permissible concentrations of dust have been established for free silica asbestos and other materials For both silica and asbestos 5 million particles per cubic foot is considered as maximum MAN Ind dust control recog- nize the existence of such problems to varied degrees Some take passive attitudes while others apply sound engineering procedures which result in a real job of dust control Such modern engineering methods are used by the LeTourneau Company of Toccoa Georgia This particular plant manufac- tures heavy road grading equip ment and its major dust problem lies in operation of a foundry for the protection of basic steel parts It is interesting to note that this Company considers the control of dust as a part of the general overall production schedule and as a working concentration The U. S. result has its control methods inte- Public Health Service has suggest- grated into general plant opera- ed a procedure by which the total tions dust concentration in millions of particles per cubic foot is multi- plied by a percentage of free silica. If the resulting figure is more than 5 million particles per cubic foot the condition is considered unsafe If less than 5 million the condition is considered safe There should be considered certain limits of dustiness for any type of dust Although there are several methods which can be used for control of dust ventilation both in the form of general and local exhaust probably offers the most satisfactory method and it is this approach which has been used by the LeTourneau Company For general ventilation in the foundry 14103626401 12 P.8 two foot lans are installed% which handle 500 thousand cubie feet per minute each Actually | the material removed by these fans Fa is made up principally of smok~ a rather than true dust ; Two electric are furnaces are operated and those are equipped ry with roof fans located immediately bove the units These fans handle | 60 thousand cubic feet per minute | each Again the major portion of ' the material coming from the are ' furnaces is smoke rather than true dust and comes from the alloy and flux material charged into the 3 furnaces A problem of dust control in any foundry is the shakeout operation This is particularly true where shakeout is mechanical and . +) handled on a vibrating screen or grate Here a line conveyor sys- ^' tem is used to bring the castings directly to the shakeout grate A canopy type hood is installed im- + mediately over the grate itself In 3 addition to canopy side enclosures ~ are provided which prevent air leakage The fan serving this hood delivers 35 thousand cubic feet per minute which results in a high capturing velocity at the entrance |%, and discharge ports An excellent jy job of dust control results on this + particular operation Sand conditioning in many foundries is LeTourneau a dusty job With the Company this js handled by means of local exhaust ventilation and three bag type fil- ters handling 6 thousand cubic feet ! per minute cach Tumbling operations for cast cleaning are also pro- vided with local exhaust ventila- Continued on page 80 FIG 9. LOCAL EXHAUST ON TUMBLERS FOR CAST CLEANING FIG 7 BAG MOUSE AND SAND BLAST UNIT FOR CAST CLEANING Churlen^ 12 Co. SOUTHERN POWER & INDUSTRY for NOVEMBER FROM 410 448 2368 410 448 2368 06-07-94 08:05 PM TO albert vetil found in stoker boilers FIG f at least 75 Figure 2 shows the condition of the tube that failed Other tubes were found eroded adjacent to U bolts holding baffle _ tiles The U bolts provided suf- ficient interruption in as Now to cause eddy currents and localized impingement Fig 3. Erosion by particles of fly ash t At the time of each shutdown for cleaning and preventitive main- tenance at least once every four months all areas vulnerable to erosive attack should be examined Areas most susceptible are . i 1. Where flow of gasos makes a turn throwing out particles of ~ solids 2. y 3. Behind any cracks breaks or gaps in a Adjacent gas to abanfyflperojection that might divect normal flow of gases Should the boiler be provided _. with an induced draft fan observe the condition of the blading Abnormal wear may be indicative of erosive attack in the boiler Careful attention by all engineers to the problem of erosion may well prevent a serious acei- dent $ & Candy Making Continued from pkye 601 not be taken for granted a chemical laboratory is essential _ The Brock Candy Company is now in the process of constructing a modern chemical laboratory and training a technician to perform control analyses The laboratory whicihs located in a large air con- ditioned room near the candy cooking operations is equipped with modern topped labor~ tory benches the latest chemical glassware and such special analyt- ical instruments as balances _ vacuum oven refractometer and pH meter Provision bas been made for such analyses as nioisture invert augac viscosity pH melting point and refractive index Many of the control tests have been developed specifically for the Brock Candy Company and new procedures will be added from time to time as the need arises _ The Industrial Research Institute of the University of Chattanooga has cooperated with the Brock Candy Company in selecting the equipment outlining and developing analytical procedures and training a technician to operate the control laboratory A research project on improvement of the quality of candy has been sponsored by the Brock Candy Company at the Industrial Research Institute of the University of Chattanooga Since all raw materials will be analyzed and tested in the company laboratory variation in properties will be detected before the material is used This procedure will assure products of uniform quality since inferior raw materials will be discarded and form~-- ulations will be based on the ac- tual analysiosf high grade raw materials rather than on standard procedure which do not make al- lowance for variation in the in- gredients Analysis and testing will assure high quality of finished products and permit any difference in quality to be detected In this way any unavoidable errors in manufacture can be corrected and adequate controls instituted to prevent their reoccurrence The facilities of the control lab- oratory will also be available for the evaluation of research and development work being carried out in the factory In addition to maintaining the production of uniform high quality products the person- nel and equipment of the control laboratory will be available for many other technical assignments 14103626401 12 P.9 ef6@ m the plant of : The modernization program the Brock Candy Company is tak : ing place at a time when almost* . any product regardless of quality 4 | or cost can be sold The real bot | tlenecks today are shortages of raw materials and skilled personnel + } However progressive businessmen | know that these conditions are are only temporary and that within few years companies which can: not guarantee quality will not be able to sell their products The con- Brock Candy Company will tinue to be a leaderin its field be- cause it has refused to sacrifice . ie quality of its products in these' days when consumer demands are greater than the supply of raw ma- : terials and because it has already |: inaugurated a program of control . and research which will result in |: constant improvements Dust Continued from page 84 ' tion and dust arrestors as is shown in the photograph Note that ex- haust is applied through the trunnion of the tumbler In foundry operations or any other industrial type processing housekeeping is an important factor influencing the generation of dust This foundry employs two five horsepower vacuum cleaners for floor maintenance By this procedure loose dust sand and the like is removed from the floor and is not projected into the atmosphere by the movement of machinery scuffing of feet and the like This is one impressive point in the operation of this particular foundry Excellent housekeeping is combined with a good procedure for materials handled In all of the attempts at dust control at the LeTourneau Company employee cooperation is obtained Employee cooperation comes through planned program of employee education and employee participation in affairs involving the health of the worker Periodic dust samples collected in the LeTourneau foundry indi- cate atmospheric concentrations on various what is operations considered well below as maximum safe working limits 80 SOUTHERN POWER & INDUSTRY for NOVEMBER 1946 FROM 410 448 2368 410 448 2368 06-07-94 06:06 TO albert 14103626401 12 10/11 that's why industry relies on M Insulations applied by M Applicators Good insulation alone is no guarantee of top fuel savings To cut down beat waste and keep on cutting it down through years of service insulation must be properly applied Manville That's where help M Insulation Engineers and the facilities of the M lasulation Research Laboratory are available to help you with specific prob- lemas no matter how simple or complex The industrial insulation line offers a care- J.M material for every service fully engineered for every temperature from 400 F below zero to 2800 F above And you have positive assurance of proper application because M Insulation Applicators know exactly which material is right for each service know how apply it for great- est economies at installation and throughout = years of service For details write your nearest M Insula- is = tion Box Applicator or Manville 290 New York 16 New York JM MANVILLE SOUTHERN POWER & INDUSTRY for NOVEMBER 1946 INSULATIONS 71 418 448 2368 410 448 2368 06-07-94 08:06 TO albert 14103626401 12 P.11 Users applaud the high Inhibition of Eagle Super 66 Insulating Cement Men who have used Eagle Super 66 Insulating Cement are enthusiastic not only about its great saving ability - they applaud the way Super 66 actually inhibits rust on heated metal equipment This unique inhibitive quality has been conclusively proved by labo- ratory tests and in actual use It's an important factor in prolonging the life of boilers ovens tanks towers heat exchangers etc. Springy Pull Springy Bull structure gives remarkabla efficiency Structure The tremendous insulating efficiency of Super 66 comes from its Springy Ball pellets of Eagle Mineral Wool Each pellet is a maze of dead air cells one of Nature's most effective barriers against passage of heat Springy Ball structure is permanent lastass long as the insulation Eagle Super 66 withstands a full range of temperatures up to 1800 F. If not subjected to temperatures above 1200 F. it can be removed remixed and used An purpose insulation it can be troweled with little effort on almost any size or shape surface Wet coverage is an high as 65 aq ft per 100 lbs in thick and shrinkage is less than 15 Send for data sheets They contain complete technical information about Eagle Super Available on request Other Eagle Industrial Products include Eagle Insulseol A protective coating for insulation Trowels dries to a hard finish Withstands temperatures up 10 450 4 Eagle Swetchek black A prepared asphaltic base rust- inhibitive condensation compound a Eagle 43 Finishing Cement A hard white finish coating for all types of indoor insulation within a range from 70 F. 10 800F. PICHER INSULATIONS High and Low Temperature Temperature THE PICHER COMPANY CINCINNATI ) ONIO ; | Eogle Super 68 Insulating Cement Eagle T and M Felt Engle Supartemp Block Eagle Blankets - Eagle Pipe Covering Eagle insulseal > Engie Loose Waul - Eagle Insulstis Eagle Swetchek 95 SOUTHERN POWER & INDUSTRY for NOVEMBER 1946