Document 2RKYRNvmX6KkNexZa4X8M33X5
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Inter Office
Scientific Research StaN June 12, 1975
To: D. R. Coulson
cc: T. Cole S. Gratch
Subject: SRS Research Grant -- Mount Sinai School of Medicine, City University of New York
The grantee is utilizing the grant funds in its investigation of possible health hazards due to exposure of workers in vehicular inaintenance shops to respirable particles of brake dust. Measurements were made of asbestos fiber in the air of several such shops in Mew York City: and lung X-rays, pul monary tests, and blood tests were taken of garage workers.
The asbestos fiber concentrations were determined at various dis> tances from different brake maintenance operations, including the cleaning of drums by blowing with an air jet, brake lining grinding, and brake lining beveling. (The Mount Sinai people recognize that vacuum-brush cleaning of brake drums is preferred to air jet blowing because of the clouds of dust raised by the latter method, and indicated that the larger shops in New York City are in fact converting to vacuum systems.)
The clinical tests were performed on 93 garage workers (not necessarily associated with the garages which were air-sampled), and the incidence of ab normalities in lung X-rays, pulmonary functions, and blood were assessed, seme of the examined workers regularly do brake work while some are exposed only occasionally or incidentally.
The investigation is headed by Dr. William Nicholson, a physicist on the staff of the Mount Sinai School of Medicine. Dr. Nicholson will forward details of the results of the study.
Ann Mackler, a M.S. mineralogist who is working toward her Eh.D. degree, is a participant in this work, along with CUNY staff mashers.
R. L. dealer Chemical Engineering &
Catalysis Department
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9000 0211
PRODUCED BY FORD SCF-ALLF-05510
Table I
PERSONAL SAMPUSS - AUTOMOBILE BRAKE SERVICE
Operation
Distance
Concentration (fibers/ml.)*
Blowing ft
duIst t
oIut t
otft
drutfm
brakttes
It
It ft tl It
tt
It
It ft 11 II
tt
II
It tt tt tl
it
1
tt tt tt II
ti
ft
tf H 1 tl
tt
- tt
tt tt tt It
ti
ft
tl If- tl tt
tt
3-t5 ft. t tt
5t-t 10ft. tt
10-20ft. ti
13.8 29.4
6.6 13.6
3.8 2.0 4.2 0.4
4.8
BACKGROUND SAMPLES - AUTOMOBILE BRAKE SERVICE
Operation
Blowing II
dutsl t
oIuI t
oMf
drum It
brakes tl
tt
tf tl ft ft
It
ft
11 tl tl tt
ft
tt
ft ft If It
tt
tl
ft tt tl tt
Vt
Distance from
Operation
10 ft. 20 ft. 12 ft. 50 ft. 65 ft. 75 ft.
Time Concentration Lapse (fibers/ml.)
0 min. 0 min. 5 min. 5 min. 7 min. 14 min.
0.3 0.8 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1
*Only fibers longer than 5[i were counted by phase microscopy at 400x..
218
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PRODUCED BV FORD
Table II
SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF CHRYSOTILE FIBERS IN BRAKE PRIM DUST (LENGTH)
Fibers counted and measured at 42.000X (all fibers bad diameters from 250/1 to 500$)
Sample 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10
750-1500$
40% 32 20 26 - 57 23 50 29
6 11
1500-2250$ 34% 23 25 37 17 9 26 30 41 6
2250-3000$
11% 32 25 26
4 12 21 21 18 31
30C&3750$
11% -- --
7 -- 12
2 17 10 31
Total 96% 87 70 96 78 56 99 97 75 79
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' PRODUCED BY FORD
Table III PERSONAL SAMPLES - TRUCK BRAKE SERVICE
ew ing used liniInt gs by11 grin11ding ft vv II f tl ti 1 It tl 11 ft If 11 It
11 It It IV VI If IV TV
l 11 It If tl If 11 ct ft 91 *1 It VI
.
Concentration (fibers/nl.)
2.7 7.0 2.2 4.1 5.0 4.7 5.6 1.7 2.5
BACKGROUND SAMPLES - TRUCK brake service
Operation
Distance
Concentration (fibers/n>l.)
Background to grinding used linings
V
It fl
If IV .
i11 ft
II t
II
II It
tl II
If
If It
11 11
10 it.
10 ft. 25 it.
25 ft. 60 it.
'
1.2 1.7 1.0 0.6 0.2
Table IV
PERSONAL SAMPLES Operation
TRUCK BRAKE SERVICE
Concentration ( fibers/ml.)
Bevelling new linings
I ft
li
ft If Tl
ff ft
ft
31.7 23.7 32.7 72.0 26.3
BACKGROUND SAMPLES - TRUCK BRAKE SERVICE
Operation
Distance
Concentration (fibers/ml.)
Background to bevelling linings
11 Tl 11
If
11 11 11
ft
11 11 tl
11
8 it. 12 ft. 12 it.. 30 ft.
0.6 0.5
0.3 0.3
220
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PRODUCED BY FORD
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X-ray Changes in 93 Vehicular Maintenance Workers with over 10 years - Experience
Occupational History
Brake work > 1/week
Mechanics doing brake maintenance -64 > 1/week
Asbestos exposure I
Known direct
^s5
Total
t~l/Q
Pleural thickening or Ca-H-_______
Both parenchymal and pleural changes
64 16 125%)
5 (8%)
2 (3%)
Brake work < 1/weekt
General mechanic - 7
Body work
-6
, Painting
-6
Undcrcoating ' - 4
' lubrication
-3
S . Miscellaneous
-3
Clerical (parts) - 2
o tv
I
Indirect and/or not fully evaluated
29 6 (21%)
4 (14%)
93 22 (24%)
9 (10%)
ft4^**-t*/i*
1 (3%)
3 (3%)
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asbestos exposure
Direct
64
dry rales :3 (5%)
clubbing 3 15*}
Indirect and/or
not evaluated
X . (3%)
29
Total
4
93 (4%)
2 (7%)
5 (5%)
Other pulmonary findings 93 vehicular maintenance workers with at least 10 years on the job
rhonchi, wheezing
5
(84)
chronic bronchitis
5
(8%)
dyspnea r* *' on exertion (2 flights)
3
(5%)
3 <io%)
5 (17%)
5 (17%)
8 (9%)
10 (11%)
.
8 (95)
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PRODUCEDBY FORD
History of job related symptoms 104 vehicular maintenance workers
Humber . Percent
Headache only on job
33'
32
Headache also
off job
2
2
Light-headedness
6
6
Blurred vision
3
3
Tinltus
44
Cough
33
Palpitation
33
Angina
22
Nausea
55
.
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Blood test findings In
.
vehicular maintenance workers
lead - 94 active workers 20pg/100ral and below 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60
>60
CBC's - 104 workers Blood Hemoglobin <13gm wbc < 4800 wbc < 4000
(10 Inactive workers)
So. _%
4 (4)
4 (40)
33 (3)
35 (30)
36 (2)
38 (20)
17 (1)
18 (10)
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No.
18
Liver function tests - 102 workers
Alkaline phosphatase > 85raU/ml
Other abnormality
(SGOT > 40, S0PT > 40 and/or Bilirubin > l.0mg%)
24 7-
Blood calcium - 102 workers 10,5mg%
5
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