Document 2R96azk22aVNzgZRLRYYzM8Br

3E/ES PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT JM-2187 ASBSST03IS BE3SASCH COUNCIL TWELFTH ANNUAL 5EP0HT FOR THB TWELVE MONTHS BSSINHIH& lat OCTOBER. 1968 1. INTRODUCTION The Asbestaai3 Research Council eras established ou the 1st October 1957. This report details the aotivitie* sponsored by the Council during the twelfth Tear of its operation. ' 2. CONSTITUTION The Constitution was revised in August 1965 to extend the field of activities to asbestos operations other than textile and to provide for the admission of Associate Members as well as full Members and again In November 1968 to cover the activities of tbs Environmental Control Committee. 1 3. M-EMft*T8SHIP The Membership of the Council during the jeer wes aa * __a _-* full Members HRA Croup Limited. The Cape Asbestos Company Limited. Turner & Nawall Limited. Heme Associate Members The Atlas Stone Company Limited. Bell's Asbestos and Engineering Limited. T.B. Ford Limited. Bichard Klinger Limited. Overseas Associate Members James Hardis & Coy. Pty. Ltd. Johna-Maaville Corporation. The Quebec Asbestos Mining Association. The Crlqnaland Exploration A Finance Company Limited. V* COMMITTEES The affairs ef the Council were administered by three Committees; the Management Coimaittee; the Research Committee and the Environmental Control Committee. The membership ef these oosasiiteea during the year east- lUaafwust Coonitt** Matin** war* hold a* follow*!- B*f*aroh Comitt** Chairman t Mr* BJL V*llo Dr. H.C. Lowiaaohn Dr. C.C. AM1n*lay Dr. T.H.A. BoTorlay Dr. AJU Hodfsoa Dr. W.J. Saithar Soorotoryt Dr. 8. Hnlsoi B*March Kootiaso h*Id u fttUorn* London Claokhaatoa BooMal* - Zfcth - ** 1. - 2y*th S*pfc**hor, 1** On .ith Job*, 1989* th* X*s**rh fnmmitrtM hdl a ot*ntlflo a**tlas at Boohdal* on "Ihn lUmpinoli Inbffa of th* XoAlool Broach of th* fhotoqr TnaoMtnrot th* Pnoonooomloal* Xodlool Banal war* jniwt/ilwi At Is this fUU. lr. Amkm Cross fr. M. Basils Xr. tLU Bontloy r.J.0. %ros.~:, * . ... Dr. I. lijiit Br.;''J'*D* Boor***? - Ite.Y.e.____ VUoom rail is Mr. i#*, i lT lr. IJ. VsarUl of thwo CCoodo** Asbostoo Oo. Control Conmlttoo notlngo - Mh Ootohar Itth 3 5. PIXAHCB (a) Banking Arrangements Tha finances of the Couaoil have continued to to administered through aocouAts operated by tho Rochdale Brshch of tbo District Bonk. (b) Budget and Expenditure Council budget 25.600 Bxpondituro 1A,600 6. LIAISON WITH OTHER DtTERBSTBD BODIES Contact bos boon nointoinod with tbo Departnent of Employment ond Produotirity (Safety. Booltb ond MelfSre ond factory Inspectorate), and with tbo Ministxy of Technology (barren Spring Laboratory). Tbo A.R.C. has collaborated with tbs Ministry of Bousing and Local Oorarmant in tbs production of a rooo--ondod Code of Pnaetioo to oorer tho hsndltag sad disposal of asbestos waste. Liaison has continued with tbo Pneuaoooaioeis Research Unit of the Medina! Research Council. The arrengeaents far a joint International Conferenoe oa "The Tissue leaetiaa of Asbestos" to be bold in Cardiff la April, 1970. have! proceeded. The Sub Pnaalttee of the British Occupational Bygieae Society has oontiaaed to' neet to explore the poeslhllitiea of a hygiene standard for exposure to aaosite asbestos dust. A one (Isy Conferenoe organised jointly by the ' BOBS end tho A.R.C. on 18th June. 1969 in London on "The Control of Asboatos in the Marking Ixryiroieient". wee wary well attended. A syaten fbr the enohange of soiantlfie end tsohnloal information has been established with the Paebnoeenleela Research Unit of the forth African Institute for Metical Itstorch in Johannesburg. 4 Liaison has site oentiaosd with ths U.S. Public Boelth Serrioo sad with ths Air Bygieao Cowlttee of tho Asbestos Textile Institute. 4 -4- 7* miww of tte year's work is (1van below* reports appear la ippeadlaea 2 to 6. It ahouid bo that thata detailed roporta reproaent tho individual of the roaoaroh workara tad aot neceaaarily tba offlslal Tier of tho Coonail. Seotlona fron tho loag ton aaiaal oxperlaeots involving inhalation of tho four aaia typos of aaboatoa and of glass hate boon oxaainod by optical niaroaoopjr. Rev ** <*. experiments on aodlfled aaboatoa and on duata othar thorn aaboatoa, have boon atartod. Collaboration with tho Xastit&t far Lufthygiene in IKUaoldorf haa continued. little progress baa boon nado in tha ozaniaatiao of hunon bipay natoriol Aron oaaaa of suspected naaothaliona, duo to lode of auffleiont apooinoaa, but oorte oti tha experimental prodnotion of noaotholioooa in aaiaal; he j continued* Tack on tho pathoconloitj of adoarala othar *haa aaboatoa haa oootinuod. Xlootron nloroaeopo studies on tho noahanlao of aaboatoa body formation have proceeded and tha poaaihlo offoota nf P204 on acbaatoa loaiona bora boon further atudiod. Aaiaal experiments on tho laRaatloa of aaboatoa boro ao fbr with encouraging results* Work on tha breakdown phononona on tho finding of aad aaoaito naa tamiaatod at tho and of Juno, 1969* work on tha aurfano proportion of aaboatoa la being Tho lmauaologloal study haa oontlnuod* Certain diaoaaaa oauoo recognisable ohangoa is tho protaina of blood asm oaa bo dauonatratad by apoeifle tooto. In a group of exposed to aaboatoa. Dr* foraor-Varviok haa demonstrotod a atatlatleally aigalfioant iaoroaao la blood protoia nha^oe la thoao nho aham arldoaoo of blologloal iU-effOeta ooapari with thoao mo do not, aad aloo eeapared to tha goaarol . population. Zt la not yet known whether positive toata fu thoao afeugee follow or annnapany tha doraloptfoo* of polponai fXbrosle, or nhothar they tiro dno to on iafcerent choraoturlat of aouo lndlrlduala mo are uera susceptible than others ha '. Zf tho latter bo tha east, thorp la * o naans of detecting tho workw ^o la tha aoro Slfcafr ^1^. ts anffar from tha bialeoggilaaaalim-afCbota af aaboatoa lahalattsa aeon boforo auoh offaeta art ovldaat* wi tf* miina this Couaittao. oo ordJLnotad by a Working Croup of tho tho aotbod of aaupllng by nanbrano filter baa ataadard in tba Industry aad to taka eoeouat of raeant la tanhirtgia a reoiaed Torsion of Taehaiaal Rota Ro. 1 tiNiii|aii6 tSM Method* for aatlaatia* th* aui of oobosto* la * dust Maple here been atadled end ehat preal*ee to be a v*ey sensitive teahaiqa* iula| X-ray AiffTaotion he* beea inlvtit York on th* assasMeat of eabeeto* dfcst level* la the vicinity of faoterlM eaA la urban ead rural earlrwests he* beea held up by delay* ia th* delivery of *peelell*ed sampling egilpoeiit. th* report oa Mbeatoe duat level* la ooapleted bolldlat* incorporating eabesto* produot* la their ooaatruetiea bee beea published la th* Ann*!* of Oooupetloael Qygleae. 9. PLB ASBgSTOS BECTT-tTIOTS 1969 the obaerretloaa aade by th* Ceunell to `the Bopartaead *f Xaployaeat ead Productivity oa the ooateat* of th* Statutory Draft were the subject of disoussioa early la 19(9* the Council, along with other Interested bodies,spread act t* pres* for elteretioaa to th* draft ead th* lejnlstlone were finally eaanted la May 1969* they will ooa* late ep^atiea la May 1970. 10. MTIBOfflffifTAL CCWtHOI th* stady of the laplioatloas of th* lee Megaletlaoa ead th* giving of edvie* ea their lapleaeatetloa he* beea th* najor teak of the layironaentel Coatrol Coasdtte* of the Couaeil. A ffcll report of its eerk appears la Appsoftlx 1 the Coealtte* has prepared * auafcer of Mote* for severing different field* of activity Aero aabeate* ead aabestoe produot* are bandied, to assist asbestos users la oopiai with th* lopalatioas. Sou* of the** hare already bash aad* svallabl* ia * preliminary fora. Bure appropriate. ' inferaal dl sensei oa* ea th* int*rprot*tiou of the legeiatlnen have beea held with th* factory laspeotorate. ; ii. mBLStmsasak Bering th* year th* Couaeil Issued its fifth Code of Praotlee - *teooauaaded Cod* of Praotioe far the Handling pispes*! of Asbestoe Taste Matarlels* 12. A 9u*t ___ _ ^_____ . ebostoe-besed notarises lu thelf jfitS- . v J.C. Byron, AJL. lodgson aad t. Rolues, Aah. Ooouf. ..... u7'.,. , -v_ .WL W. tee farther yapsrs hsve beea eeeopted far pshliesllso, bet hare aot yet appeared la th* Journal -* - 13. HJUwmaT iwctiow pots Th# rok done la thii fit14 by Offlwrt of tho Mohbor Coapanioo hu ooutimn* to bo retrli**4 tho Booooreh Coaaittoo. iv. mm la April 1969, Dr. Addnloy, Or. Saithor. Dr. Urinooha and Dr. Holaoo ottobdod tho SooodA International Ccafireuoo oa Pnouaoooniosis la Johannesburg. oxpoo>** f*r ***** ioit were borao by tbo Heaber Coapjxi* of th* Counoil in respoet of tholr own re;rtsentati>M. Dr. Saithor and Dr. Leviasoha both paid brlof rlolta to Bolglna and Holland in ooueetlea *tthe*boo** hoclth prObloao. 15. saram Dr. Kaox rotirad in January, 1949, gv had boon-, . Modioal Coasultaat to tho Counoil aiaao it* f*raatiou la 1957 and tho Council wiohos to M)1t o ratord ito approoiatlon ftor hio outstanding aerrloeo to ^h* Couaeil aad tho aaboatoa indnatry. Hio pmtia* as JtaSioal Consultant to tho Counoil was taken by Dr. Sadthor. Dr. Hoattio has continued as Hoaooroh Coasttltaad to tha Couaeil. .-ij APPBCDU 1 loport on the work of tin Inviromental Control Coosltteo The first seating of ths SorlrosMstal Control Cenalttso on# boll oo Vth October 1966 sad five further nestings boro boon hold. Varldag Croups have boon sot up sa shroud by tbs lab#stools IsassrOh Council. these woro - Z iIibostos Tsetorlos H Asbestos building Mstorlsls HI Asbostos Insulating Materials- IT TTlotlon Mstorlsls Asbostos Tsxtiles TZ Sprayed Asbostos Varfciag Croup I was required to provide bsslo infonation on various aspects of sarlronBental control 0 Bunco to all factories and formed sub-oonaittoos to produce advisory notes on - Oust exferaetion e<piipnent Inspiratory equipment Protective clothing Manhlne and workroom ol caning Disposal of easts Provisional lotos for Guidsnoo on Taste Disposal were prodnsal in tine for the KBS/i&G Confersnoe in June 1969} this provided lbs basis for tbs Cods of Pmetioo finally published by tho AM in consultation with.-the Ministry of Housing and Local Conransnt. Draft notes have bean prtparod and sill shortly bo published on Saduaat TsatUatlon and on Protdotivo Sqpijasat (the latter sill oovar respiratory syipnont and protective clothing). XX t TI undertook ths task of a preliminary survey 0* tbs principal products, processes and nothods of use of tho prodnRs uovorod by each group and than establishing * ns far as possible tbs last oone sntretlooa lllnly to bo suewinliraI in tbsas situations. .&ir tbs Croups ears also asked to revise the In the light of their effect on* their product group* and to uitshls advisory dccuoanta stdefa eould take ths place pf tho AM ( of fbaotiso* Provisional Iotas for Out denes have boon produosd fa four of tho five working groups sad nil! shortly he eubuittud fif approval and final publication to tho Asheatosia Isscarab Countll. fhrRgh ths Asbestos Information Coanittoo tho availability of advise fkou tbs Inrlrounsrtal Control Coanittoo has been pablislasd sad, as a result of this and of tbs MU/dM ooofuronos, ooasldscublo use has boon asdo of tho Arrises of this TTsanlltas either by ami of tho pcorlilonol lotoo for Cuiteaeo or toy pononal odrioo firon Coonittoo noofcan. Indirldaol naobor oonpuia* ho.ro In moo ooooo oot op thoir eon odvloaxy oorriooo ohioh horo boon supported toy tho Coonittoo; Voridnf Croup II (ootoootoo building aotoriolo) oooplotod tho teat ourroy oorriod out in tho bulldlngi iasorporntiag ootoootoo otoriolo in thoir oonotruotioa, ohioh hod boon put in bond toy tho Aotoootooio Sooooroh Couaeil prior to tho formation of tho Control Coonittoo. A roport of tho ourroy hoo rmoootly bo puhilohod in tho Armais cf Occupational SygioBo. of tho ourrogr ooreriag oonctrac**> onoxaf iron standard operations oorriod out on ootoootoo tooood notoriolo io approaching oonplotion, and ourroys oro tooiag undertaken toy tho othor oorklng group#. . tho Coonittoo mo askod to uadortoko oa inrootifotioa into tho possibility of narking ootoootoo-tooood boards, in roapeaoo to n request firon tho T.U.C. refsmd to tho AJ^.C. toy tho Dopartaost of_ o roport hoo new toooa oubnittod to tho Xaaogsasnt Coonittoo of tho AJUC. Zafornol dioouoolono horo tokoa plooo mith tho factory Xhapeetorsto to prarido tho opportunity for joint study aspects of control oad tho roi^pirooiatoo of tho ftor those dioouooieoa horo oorofod teot ooooomoBt, oad protoetiro oyxipoont. * tho lariiOMOtUl Control Cooodttaa hoo toooa Ohio to" athir iatimtid AMisiiAtiOBi 1a tkilf offoeto of tho Aahootoa Bognlotioao oad in te rotting of oftrloocy doounonto* Provisional Votoo for of oabootop fihro toy goaml moon hoo boon prmporod for tho --- * . '' 4 ^ Uasx\ ov> APPBIDH 2 *t Rssdlar - Pr. P.F. Holt The interpretation of the results of ^ sxpcrlhoats started thro* ysarsago bos continued and a plotura of ths offooto of four Tariatlaa of asbestss, glass fibre and glass poodor on tho lung la being built up. Vhe^ any of those dusts is inhaled by a guinea-pig, the lung uses sereral nethods to got rid of it. Tho heavier partioles that are deposited in tho larger air vassals are removed by oills, those vhioh get be--' the oiliate splthsllam and are deposited are found in the bronobioles, a little is deposited directly in tho alveoli. The goblet calls or tho broaohioles are aotivated to secrete aucus which helps to cany tho dust into tho larger air vaaaals frees whence it is ooughed up. does of tho dost acres further into ths lung, possibly btesnst of ths surfhea aotivo substanoa, aurfaotan, vhioh la secreted in the bronchioles and is absorbed in the alveoli. In the alveoli this dust is rapidly ingested by phagooytlo cells (aaorophsges) but also causes a leakage of red blood oolls froa tho alvoolar oapillarioo. This loahago of rod oella is produced (in differing snounts) by all five dusts. Sad calls or tho haeaoglobln of sous derivative, are ingested by aaerqphages. Sous naerophages containing dust and/or haenoglObln-prodncte are shod froa tho alveolar walls and nova outwards fbem ths alveoli into the bronchioles, and assy of those oolls are eventually ooughed up. In this way glass powdar is rapidly removed from ths lungs. The laasdiate removal of sous dust fibres is sonatinas prevented by two feetorst (a) sons fibres penatrata ths alveolar wall, and (h) saaa naerophages containing dust partiolts fuse to fen giant oolls. Sona giant oalls are also shod froa ths alvoolar walls and leave the alveoli, but .others gat trapped at tho junction of tho alveolus and alveolar duet and, at least temporarily, close these alveoli, no that they are no longer available for respiration. hen a trapped Mil contains ssbestos or glass fibres and haeaoglobln daooapoeition products, iron-containing notarial is deposited on the longest fibre and norphologioal changed taka plasm with the formation sad development of an asbestos or glass flhro body. Xventually, ssbestos r glass fibre bodies become boofled and them fragment into tlxy globules. These globules ere Ingested by macrophages sad are raaovsji. So fW as can bo judged those fbagsosts of asbestos or glass fibre bodies produce bo pathological effect*} ' oartalaly no fibrosis has boon found.. The fibre body foraatloa Sgi* apporostly tho final nsthod by vhioh tho laag attoupts torid Itself of fibrous aato*ial. Vhat process is iarolvod 1b ths mpsiUttn of fibre bodies wo cannot laaglnaf the osplsnatioua Shiah have bow given for asbestos sees inapplicable to glass fibre. Vo ovidoaso has bean found that pondered glass partioles besoms ooatod, no ths ooetlag process appears to depend- on ths shape of tho phagoqjtesod aatorisl. Tho general Mfuenee that has hooa described applies te all tbs flbraia dusts examined. Vo importest fUUirti wore fsuad that diffwrvntistod one from another. Vhat doom dixfer roesrlnbly is the rata at ahlab asbastoo bodice form, develop and frsgaoat. Zb eeoh croup of aniasls the flaal nr* killed after the duet bed bees 1b the lunge for 10 aoaths. She stage that eaeeite ead orooldollto bodlee had reaahad after that tins aaa reaehed hr sathophyllite aft^r 6-9 sooths, ehrysotlle after aboat 6 aeathe, ead glass fibre after 3*6 aeathe. Heat ehrysotlle eat |lui fibres, then, even If they are aet eleared Area the laag la the auoua, or by. phagocytosis, will disappear through the aenhealea of aabeetoa body foraatlea aad firogneatstloa. laeaite ead erodloolite will reaela aueh longer. Duet, ear duet, produces ehaacea la the lung. la partlouler, there la a proliferation of cells aad thickening of the alveolar walls aad alveolar eepta. this, together alth the aeeuaulatlea of aMle cells suoh ae aaorophages aad giant oells, tends to blook off seas alveoli. Vhea glass fibre ni labeled, eeae thickening of the alveolar valla reaained even after 18 aeathe but the changes ware not gross, and the majority of air vessels were not blocked. fangs containing aaosite aad erooidollte vers anc^ aore severely congested. Crooldollte Bxperlaents in vhioh batches ef gulaea-pigs were heavily dosed with oroeldollte firon Koegas aad Transvaal respectively, ware started at the beglaniac of the year, these are loof-tera exparlaaWts so there is nothing yet to report except that both groups ef guinea-pigs have been, depleted by death. One batch of rate also received Kodfcas crooldollte| ana has died. Srested chrysotlls A fev animals (2k) have Inhaled AatysotUe dost which was pretreated In- eevarel ways - extracted with water, extracted with aoid, treated with P20h aad nith V-propylpyrldlna 1-oxide. There is nothin yet to report. Asbestos la ths rat laag behaves differently froa ehat it does la the guinea -pig laag, particularly la that asbestos bodies are rarely forced. It.bas been fouai vat the rat is able te pt rid ef asbestos acre efficiently but there is else lees leakage ef red oelle ttm esplllsrles ead oodseeaeatly lees fbrritia prodaead. She eaell eaeuat of ferritla is e sou eeeas te reaela eeperate fin say asbestos fibre* that asy be prasestj it is aet adsethad. < -Vi 9*B4-. Two groups ef guises pigSlsh r eoatalafatf HSL0T^ eeoeeatratioa efoalolaa MlieaW, fur 00 hours eat the other fur 100 hours, leetioae ef the lungs i aet yet beoa etadlei eat the eyeriesat is ooetlialng. She eapeersd be bo eoapletely arrested by the dustj there were as eigne ef eeute texisity. the joist experiseate with Dr. leek have eoatisned es the offsets ef asbestos ead aodlfled aabeetoa ea sells. There have beea aeaflietiag reports ea the texisity ef asbestos te sells la suiters, but these eysrlasaH suggest'the eenelesloes given belowt- pp -5- nt by throo aothodo (i) 1m1b|i of * 470 late tho edit tho X (b) lMtaH of u ftoo tbo oU throo# () tbo ootobolio nt* (loototo prodaotlaa). With toxlo dust* Ilk* goorta tho throo i|rw 0017 mil; (1) ud (b) oro lnarMMd, ud (o) io doorooood* --i*/ fe. -4^# Vhoa ahcyootilo io tostod, tosto (1) oad (b) tndlooto a ollbt toxicity, bat toot (e) dooo sot. If tho ohcjootllo do oztroetcd th told, tooto (o) oad (b) them o ewoiteiMy toxtel^r*bat (e) oheoo aoao. Oooatoi ot Koooldbrf boo oh fterts booaojjrooo rod eolloi chryootilo dooo 00 to o omh stoat, bat oei& oxtrootod tbqrNtUo prodaooo olnot 00 wt homolyolo oo gurts* Jp^ysfel tho rooulto aay bo o^plolnod by tbo foot tbo* tooto (o) ood (b) oooowro tho poraoobility of eoll aoribcoaoo obioh loorooooo wp moh Aoa o ooll die*, bo* tfdlo otboctoolo bclaf tokoh 09, J pormQbllity of tbo ooll mbbroao io olio iaorooood. ^fhio 4 kill .tho ooll, hoootor, 00 thomtobolim (toot' (o)) io act (it io, iaoroooodboooaoo tho ooU> ooEf ' ^ pbofoqrtooo tho loot portioloo). tho iohroooo^ii porwM&ill^r io sot ftoo to puiotariac * ? .. :*<. ---------- ---- oooMm tho oohootoo with oold ooald biff jo mot bo doo to tti tdoooptloo of tho ....Jr-^ Zt otbootoo io tho loot io ti Uoi * A 1MIIW _ ,, ttto OOO Of body io OOfllf TF1* ' -V-.. W.V* W-%4 APpaion s Hfport on Raaaorch at tha UnlTfcity f - Pr. DotI* Publications i- Werk on ferruginous bodice, and oeloiflontioa la ubwto* leeioaa vu ooopleted during thin jtmt. Sooa aspeota of thin work nrt incorporated lato two papare. Theae eere:- (a) Tha flna structure of 'Ferruginous bodies' produced experimentally la Guinea pigs froa nlnerala othar than aabaatoa. This baa baen aooaptad for publication in tha 'Arohivta of Pathology'. (b) Aabaatoa dust as a nuoleatlon oantra la tba calolfloatlan of old flbroua tissue lesions, and tha poaalbla aaaociatloa of this prooaaa to tha fDnation of aabaatoa bodiaa. Thia has baan aooaptad for publication la 'Rxperinautal and Molecular Pathology*. , Raaaarch Tonics (a) Tha alactron-nloroaoona aranl nation of hnaaa assotheIlonas Daring tha year, thraa biopay apaolaana wara obtained, hot none of thaaa was finally confirmed aa a acaothcllona. Work on thia fiald la atill lladtad by laok of notarial and haa net adnanat during tha oorrant yaar. (b) Production of Maaothallonaa in Animals ualna aabaatoa daat Thaaa experlawsta have oootinoed with both Colnon plga nad nioa. Originally sample* of ehzysotile and orodioolita daat vara aopfllad by Rr* Bolt, bat no* tba U.I.C.C. World Saak aaaplaa ara used. la maaothallonaa have boon Obtained la Owtnoa pigs although aona aniaala haee now survived for nara than thraa yaara after dnat iajeotlan. Two dafinita maaothallonaa han, however, baan found la aloa and alactron-nioroaoopa examination la now: in progress* tinaa naorty 100 nioa hart ao far baan naad In thaaa producing tunoors, a total af two na la atlU a percentage and la aa way ooaparea with tha flgoraa lipr. () toirinnH ow FVftaMqUltt.yf Thaaa taata nalng latraplaural injection bora aantiauad tbrougbeut tha current yaar, and It 1 now poaalbla ta divide tha taat ampin lata thraa aatagarlaa. ` M -2- Am* arw i- 1. linarala whioh produoa an Initial farttga body r--otl--, bat whioh dlssolT* with or without toxio offwcta. nth dissolution tha forolpa body raaotloa daollass and way ooaplotoly rooolwo. Xa this olaaa ar* i- India, .Torstsrlt* (prodaosd by haftlnd ohrysotilw), --' ailioata, --d probably ayuthotio obsyaotlla* 2. Mlnarals whioh produoo a fortiga body raaotioa that raaulta la tha fozaatioa of larta granule--a whioh aaoloaa tha dost* Zhaaa fraouleaaa 2ia looaa la tha plaural oavity, da aot fora adhadana, aad appaar to oaaaa tha aaiaal ao Also--fort aft all* Tha aiaarala la thia olaaa do aot appaar aolubls aad tha grandoaa do not daoraaaa in oisa with 04a. IXbroaia oooura within tha graiwilo--i, bat aot alaawhara la tha plaural oavitf* la thia olaaa ara Tale, Sarpaatias, hag--tits, Fyreaana, Olirina, Chlorita, Cfar--its and glass fibra'that haa baaa aaohlna ground. Mlnarals whioh produoa largo spreading gruula--s. thaaa laaioca adhara firmly to tha ebaat oostaota .aad nay oaaaa aaaaifo adhaaiona batvaaa tha load lobos, tha diaphrafi aad tha wall, fhaaa grarnil--as ara oftan raplaaad by fihraaa tla--, in' astro-- oaaaa tha ohaat oontanta aaa appaar aa a aoT " fibrooa tlaaua ia whioh ara aPbaddad tha ^1 thia. alnaa ara 1- ill typaa of aabaataa haa baaa praparad by gratis grinding. Tha finding that tha aathad of praparatiaa of flaaa oaa draatly Altar tha pathedtaia affaota of thia oust, rapraaaota aoat latscwaliiag raaulta of tha yaar. tha |lau a--pita ui * aaay aaall flhraa of 290-10001 in dla--tar which is withia raada of aabaataa 0178tala. Baatla praparatiaa aathoda laava tfaaoa --all flhraa aadaaadad aad aaaplaa ao troatod produoa fibrosis with adhaaiona. Maahino fria&lag appoara to hraal thia tha larfa aad thaaa saaplas wradaoa oaly _ iriaaata lndlowts that tha Chapa of tha partiala nay ha ia fShroaia than Us rfiaaiaal --tors. Xadlaatls-- aft ara that tha daagaroua partiala pay ha a flhra asrarwl PiarOaa in but only 250 - 100QA* ia II--star. So fbr la aabaataa ia tha oaly notarial thht haa gl--a -- of wary ft-- ftlaaa flhra nay frorldi la tha saniad yaar will ba foouaad tha plaoral oavitf aa-- dafiaita. It raaulta ara Obtalosd fir-- load tlaaaa. boring thia yaar a aortas of appartaapta haa |iri now iafor--ti-- -- aabaataa body for--don. Thaaa raaulta aa follows:- Aabaataa body ` to thUP,. bhHat fMsJpg ftp fIMMfidPl do-- not ooour aoftaally insldo aalla tidily appoail atarifhagaa aa f"------UiaP MiftlftPftISlTSup U .. ... tbs bodisa aro found lasldn tho soil*. Zt has iIm bona found that tho first oostlap laid dona oa tho aabostoa flbru In not 'fsxritlaf M soas for* of sold auoopoipsnooharlds. tho iroa ooatadadaf fraatfan lstsr inprnfosta this oost to fm n nsturo Purl position irtastw bs%r (o) teanrlanti unins P20b Thsso uptrlasnts ham eoutlaond throughout tbs post nor and boon boon nxtnndod to rots. Thn rosults, houoror, srn stUl tho * mm ss thoso obtslnsd ultb tains* pics. F20V ns uo boon unod id ns fir dons not sltsr th* ssbnstoc 1salon la aay my, Zt baa bona aupfostnd hoirrmr, thst dossfo way barn to bo osi onlstni aar* osrnfOU/ in relation to tbs aaount of sabostos dust pinna, thin nill bn ooasldtrod during tbs nsxt poor. f \ i -vi- --'V # - Ti.s*-. -v-. V APPSTDH k Heoort oo Work tt St, Janas' Hospital Leeds - Dr. gwinburns Animal f--dins Experiments Batches of rat* have bsen followed far 18 months after the ingestion of a oouraa of erooidollto dust at tso doao levels. So far, bob* of this* animals has developed say untoward *ffee$s. A number nr* aaerlflood early and otherslater bat ao Soot was traood la tbo aatarial ao far examined either br light microsoopy or aloro incineration. Throe of the oontro} croup m died or been oaorifloed bec*use of natural dlaeaae -ome uterine aerooaa and two with nephritis. S&dlar groups are receiving ohrysotile doat but in order to avoid oontanri nation, thia experiment waa started later. So ffcr no tuaou. a have resulted. Aabeatoa in Pleural fluids Macrophages containing asbestos fibres end oarbon were found In pleural fluid froa one of Dr. Holt's animals. In the light of thia finding, pleural and peritoneal washings from rata from the above experiments have been seat chid.but so frur with a results. Holds from two patients hpfe also been negative. This work Is being extended bp studying aore samples fires patients with suspected aebestoais or early mesotheliomas amd material is being oolleeted from such patient* to try and determine whether mesotheliomas orirlsated diffusely due to m "field change" or in s localised ir multifOoel way. I X>--- .. e Il^rt ******* in - Tr f-f-tH-. A*. Barrio la lsraatiaatiaa of tha breakdown ehryaotlla hu^m ooaplatod. tha nlMM of prwud Mat intorastlng, bat it it dapandaat am jl' to ororooaa thia problso, tha firaa aacnaalaa ralaaaa l MaaMad hjr titration to aaortral pi oondltiona ia all tha roaolta on oaa Canadian ahryaotila typify tha pattarau g"rtt tTfjtBfflt Shraddad only 2*0 0*$ Xillad for 2V hoars $0.5 2.J XiUad for 72 hoars 63.0 2.t tha produots of tha allllna haro baaa soparatod into oaraffclljr aisad firaotiona and tha ralaaaa phsnooona latraatlfatad aa a ftmotioa of partiela aiaa. tha raaolta of tha aaapla for 2k hoora aq/ ba ecoparad as follow SlaajMnaa (by aattlMant) 30.0 57* f** - k oloao aaalyaia of tha raaalta baa rovaalad that a diatortod layor ia dor sloped on tha aabastoa flhraa by tha prialiai prapaoa. . flhii thia lagrar tha --fwaaloa ia firaa aad oaa raaMly ha ralaaaad tats aotttdoa abilat tha alliaa raaaina aa part of tha lattlao* tho thldtaau at tho dlatartad Ivor Mgr ba ladsparest of partial# aiaa bat ia roUtad to tho s-s--sa- * .. - -*- . ; - tha eooa apt of tha diatortad layar ia anrtlp atndiaa of aillaoata ohsro a li^ly rpaatiro layor faarta cralao had boon poatalatad aa a prfcaa fsatora. <sr . Aaaoaiatad ^th tha ralaaaa.af MfiaalM ia tha bsorytio* af ;; baaa aatabllahad aooaloaifalj hot tha ta ha lapaaiaat aa tha pi aad bofftHat taa. --I APPBfDH A tsoort on Ianunolorr Study - Pr. Turaer-Yarwiok It is bow known that oertaia ohronic Uimhi of tho thryrold, atoaach, adrenal gland and other organs art related to tho tmlsfMl ofinsuna reactions whloh la slaple torao oaasos tho patient to *r*jsot his own tissue". York in this laboratory was originally designed to investigate tho possibility of antibodlas, apaeiflo to lose is oertaia ohre&is fibrosing lung disaaaaa of unknown eausa and whloh have histologioal slBilaritiaa with othar so ealled disaasaa. fha elinioal ayndrooa of Cryptoganio fibrosing Alveolitis was tha subject of oar first study* Tha rasuits of this study showsd that although long maotiv* aatlbodias oould ba danonstratad in son easas thaso inrariably oroasraaotad with othar tissuas: in othar words thay wara ooa-organ spaaifio tlssua aatlbodias. Zt has baaa astsblishad by othar workers that thara is a group of autoimuna disaasas particularly characterised by such antibodies and usually a ouabar of different specific aatlbodias eaa ba idantifLad in tha Sana patient. Antibodies mooting with sell nuclei (anti-nuolear footer or II?) sad those. mooting to denatured # globulin (Shauaatoid faotors or Bf) am two of tha nost oawaon types found. iftiait btokiroufid of Infui it Ion it mi amoanclac ti find that in Cxyptogaaio fibrosing Alveolitis JXT and Rf wara found in about a third of tha oases, particularly in tha son aoute photos of tho disease. fa bdliara that fibrosing Alveolitis is not dss to only ono e*nao, but represents final c nanon path of pathological change in tho lung duo to naxy different agents. Tho oUnloal ayndmes found in asbestos workers characterised by fisgar nlnhhlwg, widespread cmpltstioas in the long, widespread radiograph!* shadows, a restrictive type of ventilatory defect without airways Obstmotlon end fibrosis of the alveolar walls am ldsntlosl win the foatuma of Cryptagcnis fibrosing Alveolitis fbund in pstisnts without aSbcttos The asst logical stop therefore to study tisane antibodies particularly the in the ssnnof * patients. Zf thay ooulA bo .t would snggQQt that typos of lanuaologlsal host .vity placed a part in davalopaast of thlediaordor'(ia mmm w w /. t ncflharrlae of tlaoua dansgo would still kart to bo it night bo possible te liable to Aavolop ling ehaages sad Peal of the Sa^v Ism trn pstisnts with tho aleealaal faetums of aabaatcaia worn oollootod firm so wido o ostshnsnt eras so possible to savor different -2- durations aad tjrp*! of ubutoi exposure. Zt ni at this polat that tho link with tho Pneuaoeoniosls Kedloal Panel becaae particularly valuable. hy -tho oad of tho ftrot joar 116 aara had been oollootod aad studied (ooo Eleventh itmnal Popart). Our rooulto showed that both A? oad 0 oaio fouad significantly aoro fkeqpeatly than la raadoa populations vita an laoldoaoo strikingly to that fouad la Cryptogenic fibrosing Alveoolitis. further dotallad study wan therefore iadieatedi- (a) to obtain further orldaneo of laaunologloel hyparaetivity. (b) To aaoortain ohotbor tlssuo antibodies oeourrod as a rosult of all typos of chroaio fibrosing condition as a nonspooiflo reaction to tlssuo d*aage. (o) Whether dotoetlon of tissue antibodies oould identic those patients at speoial risk to develop lung fibrosis. further Wvidenoe of Ingunolorioal Reactivity Lung reactive antibodies were studied by throe different toehalqposi 1. Conventional eoapleaent fixation tests, using hoaogoaatos of fanasa lung as substrate. 2. The antiglobulin eonsuaptioa test using the ease substrata. 5- Aa indirect iaaonofluorescent test using H J8 lnag fibroblasts. Our results shoe that la asbestosis, lung reactive antibodies ms only very oeoasionally found using say of these three aysteas, aad this is ia oontrast to the pattern of antibodies seea la flysteaie Lupus aad Pibrosislag Alveolitis, uhere these types of tissue antibodies are net uaooenon. Bowever, this oontrasts with tho too ether conditions in ' ehlchAWT"aad 0 are nnsnnnlj found, aaaaly Systeala Lupus lijthaaatiwts aad fibrosing Alveolitis share qytoplasuia aatibodles eon enanonly lie detected la oouplsaeat fixation aad aatl globulin oonsuaptioa gjetene. On the* ether haad study of tissue antibodies la ether ohronlo flbroelag dlseeas suggests that A0 aad 0 do not result ao^speoifloally ttm any type of ohronia laflasBatory change la the laag aad It looks tharufere as if MXf aad 0 are assoolated eith the developueat of esrtaia focus of fibrosing diseases only. Including asbcstosls. further evidence supporting the suggestisa of Isswiwlnglnel brperroeotivltv la patisats with asbestosls ia found la ear results o.~ taaatita.tlv launoglobulla essay dun lacreasas la individual 1 aiinnglobulins are net infrequently found ooouiriiig la a siailar proportion of oases sad ia siailar patterns to that found la Cryptogenic fihrosiag Alveolitis. Survey of Patients eith Asbestos Exposure To saseer the question whether antibodies develop before luag fibrosis will have to be answered by surveying sxpoeeA subjects witbsut X-ray ohaagee. fa hero therefore devised a prograaas te survey petlouts otpnstfl MMatially to ubtitoi la too ooatrastiag sjr*> oao lo a ihstory popolktiw vi tho othor aplqrad la tho Insulotion of Alyl tho loyal haroi Dockyard, Plyaouth* So far 127 mm from tho ' imp sad about 73 firm Plymouth hm boon oollootod* Soso %3 Hr* will bo bbliootod boftre tho dotoilod nolyiti Is ><*. * Tho 4*<**' laprossioa is that ospoaod hot onaffootod sobjists oroa after aaay years oaposure to asbes'tod 'isrs.aa laoldoooo af airoaistlas antibodies slailar to tho oorosl population, shoot Jt, tho problea boo srisos os to Mother it is this OTnlTy oho sro ot spools! risk to develop osbos^osis or ohothsr loaf together with tissue ostibodios oppoors is prevloudj aofotlvo si Oar dots parhsps bost tits oxui tho suggestion thot thoso subjeets m bo portloularly' prone to develop osbestosis so thot tho lnolionoo of tissoo ostibodios risos tram p to J$i os this youp booosos solootod oat, bat thot othor fsotors oro olso involved ooooaatiag fbr tho Udci of affected potioats oho hors so tissoo ostibodioo* Tho lanoaologleal surrey of osbostos exposure bos to bo oosplotod la tho laboratory sad thoa analysed* Tho dotoiloA botooaa tho radiographic, physiologies! footaros lowianloflnsl status la potioats vith ssbostosis oust bo This data is already being handled. Tho rodiagracho ore olosslfiod aooardiag to tho UICC olaeslfl cation and tho Asfcft tibolfttido t*