Document 2OQj90ywQBbRwovyy4vQL1wp

VC FEDOTOVA, I.V. - TUMORS MANUF. OF VC UCC 028865 VC FEDOTOVA, I.V. - TUMORS MANUF. OF VC & PVC VC. Fedotova. I. V.:* The Incidence of Malignant Tumpfg Among Workers Engaged in. the Manufacture of Vinyl Chloride and Polyvinyl Chloride** [0 rasprostranennosti zlokachestvennykh novoobrazovanii sreli rabochikh, zanyatykh v proizvodstvakh vinilkhlorida i polivinilkhlorida] No source given. Giglena Truda I Professional NYE Zabclevania, 4: 30-32 (1983) * The Institute of Labor Hygiene and Occupational Illnesses, Gorkii. Translated from Russian by the Ralph McElrov Co., Custom Division, 2102 Rio Grande, Austin, Texas 78705 USA ucc 028866 Code: 101-1479-1 THE INCIDENCE OF MALIGNANT TUMORS AMONG WORKERS ENGAGED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VINYL CHLORIDE AND POLYVINYL CHLORIDE Summary Epidemiologic survey of the incidence of malignant tumors in S groups of workers varying by the degree of exposure to vinyl chloride (VC) has revealed increased incidence of tumors in the group of subjects working in the most adverse conditions, characterized by a high concentration of VC in the air of work site. The influence of VC on the incidence of oncologic diseases was found to be significant (?<0.001). Pulmonary carcinoma, malignant neoplasms of the lymphatic and hemopoietic tissue occur among males of the examined group more often than among the population at large, In women the incidence of gastric carcinoma and malignant neoplasms of the lymphatic and hemo poietic tissue is significantly higher than among the population at large (?<0.05). In the last decade the carcinogenic effect of vinyl chloride (VC) has been established in experiments on animals (Maltoni and Lefemine, 1974; Lee et al., 1977; N. N. Stovbur et al., 1979). Some foreign researchers believe that VC increases the risk of the appearance of such tumors as hepatic hemangiosarcoma, malignant neoplasms of the lungs, brain, and hemopoietic system in workers engaged in the manufacture of VC and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) (Creech and Johnson, 1974; Tabershaw and caffey, 1974; Waxveiller et al., 1976). Tomatis ucc 028867 Page 2 et al (1978) in a review of monographs of the International Agency for Cancer Research for 1970-1977 listed VC among factors which are carcinogenic for man. In connection with this, there was great interest in a study of the spread of malignant neoplasms among people working in contact with vinyl chloride in Soviet VC and PVC plants, which was then the goal of the present work. The studies were carried out on workers in three groups which had varying degrees of contact with VC. The first group included people who worked under the most unfavorable working conditions, beginning since 1939, when VC was considered to be a nontoxic substance and the level of VC in the air of production spaces was not regulated. The concentrations of VC in the work zones in individual areas reached thousands of milligrams per m^. The second group included workers of a modern PVC plant. The level of air contamination here was significantly lower than in the first group, with the average/ i-concent-rva'"t'i1 on3 in various areas of the plant ranging from 30 to 300 mg/m . The third group included people who were engaged in the production of VC monomer. In these plants working conditions were the most favorable, with the concentration of VC in most air samples not exceeding the MAC (maximum allowable concentration) . for VC which was approved in 1957 (30 mg/m^), and the average concentration was 6-1 mg/m^. The data on the numerical and age-sex makeup of the workers at these plants in the period from 1939 through 1977, which were needed to evaluate the rate of malignant tumors, were obtained in the personnel division of the enterprises. The data on oncological diseases were taken from the materials I ucc 028868 Page 3 of the municipal oncological dispensary, the archives of the Civil Registry Office, the patient histories and the hospital charts of the patients. Histological verification of cases of malignant tumors reached 60%. 3232 people were included in the survey. In calculating the disease rate in the experimental group we considered not only the number of persons observed, but also the periods of observation (B. MacMan et al., 1963) and compared them with the average parameters of the disease rate of the population of the city in which the investigated plant was located and in the RSFSR for three years (1959, 1969, 1975), since 90% of all cases of malignant tumors which we found among people in contact with VC occurred in the 1957-1977 period. The reliability of the differences of the standard parameters at a significance level P * 0.05 was determined from the con fidence limits of the frequency of malignant tumors (V. v. Dvoirin, 1979). As can be seen from the table, which presents the ratios of the level of the oncological disease rate in the investigated group of the population of the city and the RSFSR, the frequency of malignant tumors among workers of VC and PVC plants is slightly lower than that of the population of the city (0.9) and higher than among the municipal population of the RSFSR (1-1) . Among the male population of the cohort there is a higher rate of lung cancer (1.6-fold) and of malignant tumors of the lymphatic and hemopoietic tissue compared to the male population of the city and of the RSFSR. The oncological disease rate of women who have worked in contact with VC is also higher than that of the female population of the city and of the RSFSR by factors ucc 028869 Page 4 of 1.1 and 1.3, respectively, owing to more frequent cases of stomach cancer (2.1 times higher than in the city, P < 0.05 and 2 times higher than in the RSFSR) and malignant tumors of the lymphatic and hemopoietic tissue (4.5 and 5.6 times higher, respectively, P < 0.01). The differences in the frequency of malignant tumors of the lymphatic and hemopoietic tissue are reliable for both sexes (P < 0.05). The standardized disease rate for malignant tumors in the first group of workers was 1.0 (calculated with respect to the city) and 1.2 (with respect to the RSFSR), while in the second group these figures were 0.3 and 0.4, and in the third group they were 0.5 and 0.6, respectively. Thus, the highest disease rate is seen in the first group, which is evidently due to the effect of the high, from the modern point.of view, concentration of VC on the workers in the first years of operation of these plants. In analysing the dependence of the frequency of malignant tumors on the dates the workers entered into contact with VC one can also trace an increase of the ratio of the standardized disease rate for more postponed periods. Thus, among workers who arrived at the VC and PVC plants in 1939-1949, it was 1.0 with respect to the city and 1.3 with respect to the RSFSR, it was 0.9 and 1.1 among those beginning work in 1950-1959, 0.8 and 0.9 for those beginning work in 1960-1969, and 0.3 and 0.4 for those beginning work in 1970-1977. Fox et al. (1976) believed that factors of occupational selection and self-selection act in groups of industrial workers, and that the disease rate of this group should theoreti cally be lower than among the population. Thus, the practically ucc 028870 Page 5 identical frequency of malignant tumors in the group of workers in contact with high concentrations of VC (first group) compared to the population now compels us to suggest the existence of an unfavorable effect on the part of the industrial environment, the more so that in the groups of workers subjected to lower concentrations of VC, which could be considered internal control groups, the rate of malignant tumors was lower than among the population. By using analysis of variance, we found that VC has a reliable effect on the frequency of malignant tumors (P < 0.001) . The results of this study made it possible to recommend practical measures aimed at improving working conditions in VC and PVC plants. Conclusions 1. It was established that effect of VC on the frequency of malignant tumors in persons engaged in the production of VC and PVC is statistically reliable (P < 0.001). 2. The highest rate of malignant tumors was recorded in the group of workers exposed to high concentrations of VC. 3. The most significant differences in the rate of tumors of individual localization compared to the population, are observed for stomach cancer in women and malignant tumors of the lymphatic and hemopoietic tissue for both sexes. uce 028871 Page 6 References [1] Dvoirin, V. V. In: Epiderriologiya raka v stranakh SET/ [The epidemiology of cancer in Comecon countries]. Moscow, 1979, p. 55-86. [2] Stovbur, N. N., Kurlyandskii, B. A., Turusov, V. S. In: Gigizna i tokaikologiya vyaokomolekulyamykh soedinenii i khiniaheskogo syv'ya [Hygiene and toxicology of high-molecular compounds and chemical raw materials]. Leningrad, 1979, p. 288-289. [3] Cruch, J. L. , Johnson, M. N., J. occup. Med., 1974, V. 16, p. 150-151. [4] Fox, A. J., Collier, P. F. Brit. J. prev. soc. Med., 1976, V. 30, p. 225-230. [5] Lee, C. C., Bhandare, J. C-, Winston, J. M. at al., Environm. Hlth Prespect., 1977. V. 21, p. 25-32. [6] P'yu. T., Ipsen, D. Primenenie apidomiologiahaakikh meiodov pri izuchenii neinfektsionnykh zabolevanii [The use of epidemiological methods in the study of noninfectious diseases]. Moscow, 1965. [7] [8] [9] [10] MaUotU C, LtUmins G. -- Environm. Rea, 1974, v. 7, p. 387--105. Tabtrsham l. R., Galfty W. R. -- J. occup. Med, 1974. . 16, p. 509-518. Tomatiz L, Aith* C, Bartsch H. et eL -- Cancer Rea, 1978, v. 38. p. 855-877. WtuoiUlsr R, /, Stringtr V, Wagonzr J. K. et iL --Ana. N. Y. Aud. Sd, 1978, v. 371. p. 40--46. UCC 028872 Page 7 Table X. Rate of malignant tumors of individual localization among people working in VC and PVC plants. ^ Jlwitnm Bet aaoxsseer5 MBIBM soo- odpueuas* 6 B tom tsea* 7 xeayan TpMB. 8 dpoaxse. 9 a 11 ^TWM , - owl s xposenop* el tnu X*ma3" Q4a 0.3 l.t 0.9 t.l 0.8 2.1- 1.0 "nr "IT "dr 0.9 "IT 0.5 -TT -- - -- 0.6 0.9 "nr 1.0 "31" 0.9 1.4 0.5 TT 0.9 1.0 "53" 1.4 .S' TT ir ii* ii Ho Key: 1. Localization 2. Men 3. Women 4. Both sexes 5. All malignant tumors 6. Including tumors of 7. the stomach 8. trachea, bronchi, lungs 9. skin 10. breast 11. neck of the uterus 12. lymphatic and hemopoietic tissue Note: Factors for city (numerator) and RSFSR (demoninator) were taken as unity. The asterisk denotes that differences of relative indices are statistically reliable. ucc 028873 fc ac : work ites in lirnates /ity 01 idensaloulds. t'gienic ad lor oi eoljenoui jtojoIj to be ita of r eon. high. VAX ia-4M.M-057-ei:M7.4ta.ia3.1 H. B. *EAOTOBA O PACnPOCTPAHEHHOCTH 3JI0KAHECTBEHHUX HOBOOEPA30BAHHR CPEAH PA60WHX, 3AHBTUX B I1P0M3BQACTBAX BHHHJIXJ10PHAA H nOJIHBHHHJIXJIOPHAA Hhcthtvt nnaw rpyaa npo4aa6oae*tHiiA, r. HopmchA B nocJieAHee jccxthjicthc (Maltoni k Lefemine. 1974; Lee h coaBT., 1977; H. H. CtobOvp h cobbt., 1979) b sxcnepHMeH- ie Ha HCHBOTHUX VCT1H0BHJ1H KBHnepOreHHoe AefiCTBHe shhhjixjiqpkab (BX). HeKOTopbie 3apy6excHue aiTopti cwHTakjt, wto BX noBumaer pHCX boshhxhosemta y paOownx npoHSBOACTB BX h no.TKBHKKJixjiopHAa (uBX) pjiAa onyxoJieft, TaKHx xax reMaHrxocapxoMa neweHH, 3-iOKawecTBeHHbie HOBOofipaaosaHKa -ier* khx, Moara, KpoBenopHoft cHcreMu (Creech h Johnson, 1974; Tabershaw h Caffey, 1974; Waxveiller h coaBT., 1976)". Tomatis h cobbt. (1978) b o63ope MOBorpacpHft Me*AyHapoAHoro areHTCTBa no n3vweHHio paxa 3a 1970-- 1977 rr. vnoMHHaJiH BX b wHUie xaHiie* poreHHux ana wenoBexa tjjaxropoB. B CBH3H c yKa3aHHMM npeAeraB.ui.Jio 6oJibiuofi HHiepec H3ywemie pacnpocrpaHeHHOCTH 3.10KaweCTBeHHUX HOBOOfipaSO- BaHHii cpejH pa6oTax}iuHX b xoHTaxre c BHHHAX.lOpKAOM B VC.'IOBHXX OTeWeCTBeXHUX np0H3B0JCTB BX H FIBX, WTO H noc-iyjKH.io ue.ib HacTOHinefl padoTU. HccneaoBaHHJi npoBeaeHbi y pa6oTaiouihx 3 rpvnn, b pasHofi ereneHH kohTaxTHpviomHX c BX. B l-io rpynnv bo!u.ik .iiiua, pafiOTaBuiHe b cbmux Hefina- ronpHBTHMX ycnoBHax Tpyaa, HawHHan c 1939 r., xoraa BX cwnTajica hctokchwhnm BeuiecTBOM. h coAepxtaHHe ero b B03iyxe npOH3BOJCTBeHHb)X nOMeineHHH He HopMiipoBa.iocb. KoHueHTpauHH BX b 30He JbixaHHH paCowHX Ha OTAMbHbix ywaerxax aocthtbjih tmchw MHJi.iHrpaMM b 1 m1. Bo 2-x) rpynny bouuih pafiowHe coBpe&teHHoro npoH3BOACTBa nBX. ypo- aeHb 3arpx3HeHHOCTH B03Ayxa 3Aecb 6u.i 3HawHTeAbHO HHJKe, weM b 1-fl rpvnne, epeAHBH KOHUeHTpatUM Ha pa3AHWHbIX ywacTxax npoHaaoacTBa xojiefianacb ot 30 ao 300 mt/m3. B 3-fo rpynny 6ujih aiuiioweHbi .THua, pafioTaBuine b npoHsboactbbx no.iyweHim MOHOMepa BX. B jthx uexax vcaobhh TpyAa 6UAH HaH6ojiee C.iaronpuwTHue, cojepxcaHHe BX b 6o.ibuiHHCTBe npofi B03Ayxa He npeBUiuano UJXK A-iH BX, yrBepjKAeHHyio b 1957 r. (30 mt/m3), cpeAHHH xoHiieHTpashh cocrasHna 6--8 mt/m3. HeoOxoAHMue ajih oaeHKH ypoBHH 3aSoneBaeMocTH 3JioxawecTBeHHUMH hobo06pa30BaHHHMH CBeAeHHH O WHCJieHHOM h B03pacTHO-no.iOBOM cocTaBe pafioTaBUIHX Ha AaHHbIX npOH3BOACTBaX B nepHoa c 1939 no 1977 r. 6m.ih noJJyweHN b OTAene xaapoB npeAnpHHTiix. HaHHbie 06 OHXO.TontwecKHX 3a6o.,ieBaHHHX BHxonHpOBa.THCb H3 MaTepHBJIOB TOpOACKOrO OHxoAorHwecxoro Aflcnancepa, apXHBa sarca, HCTopmi 6one3HH h aMfiyJiaTopHhix xapT 6o.ibHMX. rncTOAorawecxan BepHtpHxauHH cnywaes aafiojieBaHHH 3AoxaWeCTBeHHblMH HOBOOfipaSOBBHXHMH AOC- THraeT 60 %. tfttcneHHocrb xoropTU co- craBHJia 3232 weAOBexa. Gigiena Truda I Professional NYE Zabclevania, 30-32 (1983) nPH BWWHCn. onwTHoii xorop whcjio Ha6nx>at HaOjlKDAeHHH 3 coaBT., 1965) H HhiMH noxaaaTe. ce-ieHim ropOAE ho H3Vwaewoe r 3a 3 roAa (1959 90 % Bcex cayw B006pa30BaHHfl, AH Jiun, K0HT3K xoahtch Ha nep TOBepHOCTb pa3. Hbtx noxaaaTeat th P*0,05 onp hum npeAenaM Hbix HOB006pa3( 1979). Kax BHAHO B3 Hbl COOTHOUieHH ckoh 3a6oAe>ae ropre HaceneSEX TOT8 3JIOKaweCTB cpeAH pafiowHx : HeCKOJIbKO HHJKC ropOAa (0,9) h ; cxoro RaceJtesEf 3eoaeueMocn pa6 MOU-tCCTUMHUMH mx Ntunuiii .Iohuixiuiii Bee saoKawecTMHiue MOOO06p*MMRM B tom wncae: xieayaxa Tpaxoi. 6poBxoa, aencoro koxch voaowHofl xtonow mefiKH M1TXH aHM^rntwecxofi H KpOBeTBOpHOfi TTCirni npKMewiHHe. (WHcameab) h PCd> * exxRimy. 3>e3Aow MX noxaaaTeaeft ert UCC 028874 rtpH BblHHCJieHIlH 3a6o.ieBae.MOCT!! B onbiTHoi's KoropTe yniTbiBa.m He ro.ibKo hhcjio HaC.imaeMhLX, ho Taxace cpoKii Hafi.iro^eHiiH 3a hhmh (B. Max MaH h coaaT.. 1965) h cpaBHHBa.iH c vcpejHeH- HbiMii noKa3aTe.iHMH 3a6o.ieiaeMOCTH Hace/iexus; ropoAa, a kotopom pacnojioa<e- HO H3V'-!aeMoe np0H3B0.1CTB0, h PCOCP 3a 3 roia (1959, 1969, 1975), nocxojibxy 90 % bcc,\ c-iynaeB 3.ioKaiecTBeHHHx hoBOOfipaaOBaHHfl, BttHB.ieHHbIX H3MH cpeAH ,1HU, KOHTaKTHpOBaBIUHX C BX, npHxojhtcs na nepHOA 1957--1977 rr. ,HocTOBepHOCTb pa3JIH^Hfi CT3HJapTH30BaHHbix noxa3aTejieft npa ypoBHe 3HaHiiM0c- th P=0,05 onpeaeast.iH no aoBepHTe-ibhum npeae.iaM qacTOTH 3AOKa<iecTBeHHb;x hosoo6pa30BaHH(l (B. B. HboAphh, 1979). Kan bhjho H3 TaC.iHuu, rae npHBeae- Hbi COOTHOUieHHH vpOBHfl OHXOAOrHHecxofi 3a6o.ieBaeMOctH b H3vneHHoft xoropTe sace.ieHHJi ropoaa h ^COCP, HacTOTa 3.10KaHeCTBeHHbIX H0B006pa30BaHIlfl cpeAH pa6o<tHX npoH3BOACTB BX it FIBX HecKo.ibKO HHvKe, HeM cpeAH HaceneHHJ! ropoAa (0,9) h Bbime. Hen cpeAH ropoa- cxoro Hace.ieHHJt PCCP (1.1). 34Co.icucmoctii piSoMioc npoMMoacra BX h FIBX UOMMCCTltHHUMM HOIOOfipaMUHM*MM OTIUkHUX .lOKUMSSUMA MyjNuMitii- )KMitMaN. OS* nan* Be* 3.1CK*MtCTMMHUe HOBOofipaaouaHB B tom Tp3Xt OpOHXOi, .lerxoro KOMCM vo-igihoA xwi&u nitfiKX MflTKJt CKOft tt xpoimopHOft TX1KR 0.8 l.i 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.8 2.1* 1.0 TS~ 1.0 0.9 1.6 -- 0.9 1.4 0,5 0.6 0,5 TT TT -- 0.9 0,9 ~rr 1.0 1,0 -- TT "oX 1.4 4,5* 2,1* ~TT 5,6* IF npRHttiHHc. noKuateaa no ropoay (IHMHTWk) K PCOCP (3HaMMTt.1k) RpNlMTU aa ejuniHQy. 3ae3aoiici -- paunw oTHoamjikhux noKa3arweft cT*TneTni*c>at aocToiepnu. CpeAH MVHtcKoro cocTaBa xoropTM ot- MeiaeTCH "Co.iee Bucoxafl aaCo.ieBae- Mocib paxoM nerxoro (b 1,6 pa3a), a Taxate 3.ioKaiecTBeHHbiMH HOBOoCpaao- B3HIIHMH .IHMIpaTHHeCKOH H KpOBeTBOp- Hoft TKaHH Kax no cpaBHeHHio C MVHi- ckhm Hace-ieHnew ropoia, Tax h PCOtP. OHKo.iorHMecKaa 3a6o.ieBae.Mocrb >xeH- IUHH, pa60TaBUlHX B KOHTaKTe C BX, Bbl- tue Taxosofi aceHcxoro HaceAeHHH ropo ia h PCCP b 1,1 h 1,3 pa3a cootbctct- BeHHo 3a cneT 6oJiee HacTbix caynaes paxa acenyAxa (b 2,1 pa3a Bbime.' xeM no ropoiy, P<0.05 h b 2 -- new no PCOCP) h MoxaHecTBeHHUx aoBooOpa- 30B3HHH .IHMtpaTHHeCKOft H KpOBeTBOp- HOH TX3HH (B 4,5 H 5,6 pa3a COOTBeTCT- BeHHo, P<0,01). XtocTOBepHbi pa3J!HHiiH b aacTOTe 3Jioxa*iecTBeHHbix HOBoo6pa30- BaHHH .1HM(paTH<IeCKOH H KpOBeTBOpHOft TKaHH H I.1H 060HX nOJIOB (P<0,05). CraHiapTii30BaHHaa 3a6onesaeMOCTb 3.10KaMCCTBCHHblMH HOB006pa30BBHHHMH b l-fi rpynne pafiOTaiomnx cocTaBH.ia 1,0 (H3 p'acHCTa no ropoay) h 1,2 (h3 pacieTa no PCOCP), bo 2-11 -- 0,3 h 0,4, b 3-fi -- 0,5 h 0.6 cooTBercTBCHHO. TaxHM oOpaaoM, HaH6oJibiUH8 yposeHb 3a6oJieBae.MOCTH oTMenaercH b l*ft rpyn ne, HTO, nO-BHJIHMOMy, CBX3aHO C B03ieft- cTBHeM Ha paOoiHx b nepBbie roau bkc- n.iyaTauHH sthx npoH3BOACTB Bucoxoft c COBpeMeHHOft TOHKH 3p6HHH KOHIieHTpa- UHH BX. npH aaAH3e 3aBHCHMOCTH naCTOTU 3AOKa*teCTBeHHblX H0B006pa30*aHHfl OT CpOXOB BCTynJieHHH B KOHTaKT C BX Tax- ate npocjiextHBaerca pocr coothouichhh CT3HiapTH30BaHH0ft 3a60JieBaeM0CTH ijth 6onee oTiajieHHbix nepnoaoB. Tax. cpeiH pa6o<ixx, nocrynHBmnx Ha npoHS- BoicTBa BX h nBX b 1939 -- 1949 rr., oa coeraBJimia 1,0 H3 pacneTa no ropo- sy h 1,3 B3 pacneTa no PCCP, cpeiH nocrynHBmHX Ha pafiory b 1950 -- 1959 rr. -- 0,9 h 1,1 cooTBeTCTBeHHO, b 1960--1969 rr.--0.8 h 0,9, b 1970-- 1977 rr. -- 0,3 h 0,4. Kax cHJTTaxyr Fox h coaBT. (1976), b rpynnax npoMbimjieHHbix paOoHHX left- CTsyxyr (paxTopu npo<peccHOHaJibHoro ot- 6opa h caMOOTfiopa, npH*teM h 3a6ojie- BaeMocn. 3Toro KOHTHHreHTa TeopeTHHe- CKH lOJTHCHa CbITb HHJKe, HeM cpeAH Ha- ce-ieHHX. TaxHM o6pa30M, npaxTunecKH OAHHaKOBax no cpaBHeHHio c Hace-ieHHeM HacroTa 3JioxaiecTBeHHbtx H0Boo6pa30- BaHHft b rpynne pafioTaioinHX b xoHTax- Te c Bucoxofl KOHueHTpaanefl BX (1-x rpynna) yxte 3acraBJiJieT npunoJioiKHTb 31 Ha.iHiHe HeC.iaronpHJiTHoro bahxhhx np0H3B0jcTBeHH0fl cpeju, tcm ficwiee hto b rpynnax pa6o<iHx, noABepraBitiHxcx B03JieAcTBHX> venee bucokoh KOHiieirrpahhh BX, KOTOpue mojkho cairraTb rpynnaMH BHSTpeHHero koktpoax, 3a6o.iesaeMOCTb 3J70Ka<teCTBeHRUMH H0BOO6pa3Obbhkxmh mtxce, xeu cpeAH Hace-ieans. nptniewtB jHcnepCMOHHuft aHa;iH3, aaM yaajiocb buhshtb AocroaepHoe bjirbhhc BX Ha aacTOTy 3AoitatecTBeHHbix hoboofipaaoBBHHfi (P<0,001). Pe3y.lbTaTW HCCAeAOBaHHX JI0380AHAII peKoueHaoBaTi aah BHeapeHHx a npaxTHxy McponpHBTHH, HanpaBAeHHue a y.-iyxoieHne ycaoBHft rpyaa a nponsBoacrsax BX h FIBX. BbiBoau. 1. y<rraHOB.ieHO aocroBepKoe bahxhhc BX aa xicTory 3AOKaxecTBeHHbix HOBOoCpasOBaHHft v paftoTarouihx b npoH3Boaenax 6X h T1BX (P<0,001). 2. HaHfioAbinHft yposeHb 3a6oaesaemocth aaoKanecTBCHHUMH HOBOofipasoBahhhmh 3aperHCTpHpoBaH b rpynne pa6ohhx, noaBepraauiHxca BoaaeftcrsHX) bm* COKOft KOKUeHTpailHX BX. 3. HaxfioJiee cymecrBeHHue no cpasHexHio c HaceneHMex pasantHu ypoBHx 3aSoaeBaeM0CTH onyxoAXMH OTAeAbHofi aoKaaH3anHH HifiauaaioTCH aax paxa HceaviKa y /kchiuhh h saoKaxeCTBeHHbix I08006pa30BaHHft AHM^BTHHeCKOft II KpoBCTBOpHOfl TK1HH J.1X 06OHX IIOAOB. JlHTEPATyPA JaoCp-JM B, B. -- B kb.: 3nnaeMBononix puta cTpiKax C3B. M^ 1979, c, 55--96. Croattip H. H,, Kup.uixdcKuu B. A.. Typyeoe B C. -- B kh.: TiinieHa h TOKCuKO-ioriia sucoKOMOJieKy.iKpuKX cocAHHeiwii i! xii'.:m,e- CKoro cupbR. .1.. 1979, c. 288--289. Cruch J. L.. Johnson .V. -- J. occuo. Med.. 1974, v. 16, p. 150--151. Fox J,. Collier P. F. -- Brit. J. prev, ;oc. Med., 1976. v. 30, p. 225--230. Lee C. C., Bhandnre J. C., Winston J. Al, et al. -- Environm. Hitt Perspec:., 1977. v. 21. p. 25--32. Hbio T; Hncen U. npuMCHCKiie inHxeKHoaoni- wecKHi neToaoa npn lUyteitHn ueHufceituHOHHhix 3*6o.ieanHH. M.. 1965. Maltoni C., Lefemine G. -- Environm. Re*., 1974, v. 7, p. 387--405. Tabersham 1. P., Gaffey W. A. -- J. occup Med., 1974, v. 16, p. 509--518. Tomatis L., Agtht C., Bartsch H. et al. -- Cancer Res.. 1978, v. 38, p. 855--877. 1Vaxveiller R. Stringer W., Wagoner J. K. et al. --Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 1976, v. 271, p. 40--48. nocryniui idOi.p: THE INCIDENCE OF MALIGNANT TUMORS AMONG WORKERS ENGAGED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF VINYL CHLORIDE AND POLYVINYL CHLORIDE. J. V. Fedotova Epidemiologic survey of the incidence of malignant tumors in 3 groups of workers vary ing by the degree of exposure to vinyl chloride (VC) has revealed increased incidence o; tumors in the group of subjects working in the most adverse conditions, characterized by a high concentration of VC in the air of work site. The influence of VC on the incidence of onco logic diseases was found to be significant (P<0.001). Pulmonary carcinoma, malignant neoplasms of the lymphatic and hemopoietic tissue occur among males of the examined group more often than among the population at large. In women the incidence of gastric carcinoma and malignant neoplasms of the lymphatic and hemopoietic tissue is signifi cantly higher than among the population at large (P<0.05). > AK <!3.eSl::S4;.3tl.S+7l.mJ3]-O7:SlS.4S*.iS.0!g If. A. MAKAPOB, K. H. MAKAPEHKO O 6JIH9HHH METH21METAKPHJIATA H BHHHJlXJlOPHflA HA COMATOTPOnHYlO VHKUHIO rHnOH3A liKcnrryT ruriiexst rpyaa a npottisiSonoaHKfl, r. rcpuKui'i B coBpe.MeHHOM npoH3BOACTBe n.iacT- vacc HaxojxT uiHpoxoe npHMeHeHHe Me- TH.3MeTaKpH.3aT (AIWA) H BHHH.3X.30pHA (BX) -- TOKCHHHbie BeiuecTBa, 06- .3aaaiouiHe HapKOTHiecxxM AeficTBHeM. ^AHTBAbHOe nOCTJ'IUleHHe HX B OpraHH3M pafionero conpoBoxAaercx pa3BiiTHeM K.3HHHHeCKOft KBpTHHbl XpOHHHeCKOft I1H- T0KCHK3UHH, A.3X KOTOpOft XapaKTCpHO nopaxceHHe 4>yHioiHOHa.TbHbix crpvKTV'p roJioBHoro Mora (B. A. AffroHioJKeHKo), B tom <tnc.3e h an3HQe4>a.ibHoft oO^acTii. PaHee HaMH 6u.3o noKa3aHo, qio 3to BeiuecTBO AaeT Bfatpa%eHHbift coMaTOTpo- nHHHHrufiHpyiomHfl 36ipeKT (H. A. .Wa- xapoB). OAHano ocTaBa.iocb Hencno. ne.M oOycAOBJieH naTonoraHecKiift 3<J)tj)eKT MALA.: AeftcTBHeM Ha AH3Huetpa,3bHhie UeHTpbl HAH HeilOCpeACTBeHHO Ha 303H- HO()>HAbHue KAeTKH aieHorHno<{)H3a. 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IlpH paccMOTpeKim iiohhthh paCoTocnocofiHocTH caeayeT npHHm ornpaBHoe onpeie.ieHMe, nocxoabicy eaiiHOfl tohkh 3peHiiH 3Aecb erne Her. flo Hauiexy MaeHHio, Han6oaee npueM.ieMo caeayramee onpeaeaeHHe, pa6oTocnoco0HOcn -- BeTHTOHa (pVHKUHOHa.lbHUX B03M0JKM0CTeft opraHH3Ma, xapaKTepusytoiaaflCft B^xpexTOM MaKCHMa.IbHOrO VCHJJHH, hjih, noaHee, KOJiHMecTBOM ti KaaecTBOM paftOTbi npii Hanpa^ceHHH MaxCHMaabHOft khtchCIIBHOCTH H.TB a.lHTftabHOCTH. JlayMH cocTaB.lXiOIUHMH ee HB.IHKJTCa MaKCHMaabHO BQ3M0jKHhie 4>H3HoaoraiecKHe 3arparbi ;i 3Cp4>eKTHBHOCTb 3THX 33TpaT. npOHaatocTpHpveM cxa3aHHoe Ha npu- Mepe oubhkh ipH3Htecxoft pafioTocnocofi- hocth. Ha npaxnixe HcnoJib3yeTca asa noaxoaa, Kojopue lerxo cooTBemByioT asyM Ha3B8HHbiM cocnmnutommu pa6o- tocijoco6hocth: 1) onpeaeamor npeaeabHbie VpOBHH 4>H3HO30rHMecKHX 3aTpaT nyTeM iiaMcpeHna MaxcHMaabHoro no- Tpefi.teHHH O2, 2) onpeaeaniOT 3<p<peK- rjBHOCTb <pH3HO.TOrK<ieCKHX 3aTpaT (xax <5w KT1M opraHH3Ma) a ocHOse H3secr* Horo TecTa P\VCi;o. 3th noaxoaia hhot- aa npoTHBonocTaB.uijoTCH, Mexcay tcm ohh aonoaHHioT apyr apyra, xapaKTepii- 3vs cooTHOtueHHe m essay coc?aBamouiH- MH pa60T0Cn0C06H0CTH. ' TpyaoBax aeHTeabHocTb b oraHiHe ot CnOpTHBHbiX COpeBHOBaHHft BUnoaHXeTCH, xax npaBH.10, He npn MaxcHuaabHux hirpy3Kax. ripaxTHnecKoe sHaneHHe oueHkh pa6oTocnoco6HOCTH, HBJiFiomeficj! b aaHHOM cayxae noTeHUHaabHoB xapaicrepHCTHKOft, COCTOHT B TOM, 'tTO OHa OTpassaeT BeaHVHHy (pyHxiiHOHaabHOro pe3epBa, t. e. pa3Hnuw m essay npeaeabHbiMH B03M0SKH0CTHMH H paOOHHM ypOBHeM (pu3Ho.iorH<tecKoro HanpHsseHHs. HaawMueM Taxoro pe3epBa oCecneiHBaioTCH xasecTBO h HaaessHOcTb npH iwnoaHeHHH pafioTbi, a TaK/fce npeaynpexcaeime nepejTOM.ieHHH, Beaymero k P33bhthio npeanaToaorHH. riocaeaHiifi momcht tmcraa BK.noHatoT b cawo noHHTHe pafioTOcnocofiHOCTH (A. 0. HaBaxaTHKXH 11 B. B. KpuBcaxoBCKax), xoth, crporo roBop, caeayeT oTHOCHTb 3T0 x aoae ee, aonycTimoft aaa pea.iH3auHH, t. e. x per.laMeHTHpyeMoft BeaHHHHe paftonero HanpHXCeHHH H COOTBeTCTBCHHO OaiUHTHOH 30Hbi>, co3aasaeMOfl ipyHXUHOHaabHbtM pe3epB0M. Pa6oTocnoco6HocTb He caeayeT Haea- THtpHQHpOBaTb C aByXJH apVTHMH I10HHTH* HMH, 0aH3KHMH K HS&, HO aeHCaiUHMH B hhmx oCJiacTHx -- b c$epe counajibHO* 3K0H0MH<iecK0ft ti b cipepe npaBOBofl. (g: <ritrH*Ha tpya* g npotpecciiogajibHHe 19S3 OEJ0T0BA H. B. 0 pienpocTpaHeHiioeni j. ioKattecneHHUx Hoaoo6p*3oaaHHfi cpejH pafioHHX. 33HXTUX * npoH3oicraax biihh.i- x.iepiua n no.'HiHHR.'u.iopiija .'UKAPOB H. A- ,'LAKAPEHKO K. II. 0 s.iiihhhh v*emtMCTaKpH.*aTa h ihhh.ix.iopiua hi coMaTOTponHyn 4>yHKiuiio rimotpiua 30 32 3.10BIIHA H. C., 3P5KECKHP! B. B. Ot- 38 aa. -eHHue nooieactamt leflcriHH crepo-ia (Ofliop .iHreparypw) FEDOTOVA, I. V, The incidence of mali gnant tumors among workers engaged in the manufacture oi vinvl chloride and poly\ iny! chloride MAKAROV. I. A.. MAKARENKO. K. I. The effect oi methyl methacrylate and vinyl chloride on hypophyseal somatotropic func tion ZLOBINA. N. S,, 3RZHESKV. V. V. Late results oi styrene effect (review of litera ture) KpaTKHc coo6iucmhr Brief Communications KIIPII^bMVK n. n.. MABAH H. M. Vaoana Tpyaa h HexoTopue $H3Ho.ioro<tecKHe noKaaaT.in y pafioimx x.\ie.ieipa6pHK KYIHMEHKO T. 3.. K03.10B M. A.. .110TOB A. II., MHPOUIHHHEHKO A. 5., CA* BEHKOBA H. E. Coctohhh* ^Hsuo-ioraieCK1IX (pyHKUHfi V pafiOTHHU. 3aHXTbtX 3pHTe.1b* HO-HanpRHieHHUMti iH^axn pafioT npH hcbmcokom ypoiHt aaHraia.ibHoi) ikthihocth MIIXE.lbCOH X A., BHH0TPA20B C. A. n>-TII npod>K.:aKTHKH .10Ka.11>HUX OXJIlJKaev.y.Z pufioofipafioTMHKoa na eyaax KAPHAVX .1. A. OnTHMHjaaHR Tpyaa miibp.hhctoi i.ieKTpoMocToawx KpaHoa ue.xa o^HCRra oKtTumcft TPHHEBHM B. A. K aonpocy o TpeHHpoakix oprjHH3ua te-ioacKa a rHnepOapmecxHX y&IOBHRX TVPBHH E. B.. A.IJIbIPEBA M. B,, MHjIKOB .1. E. lUntntHae HeKOTopux aoxa3iTtiefi HepiHoA cHcreMW y paSOTaiotuKx a K0:-T1KT C IpTa-latHWMH [LiaCTtllpIIKlTOpiMH 3P.VUH M. H., BAyMAHE M. 3., ClHHb- KO B. H., yCTHHEHKO A. H,, BE- PHM r. E., KPACHOKVTCKAR .1. M. OCOfiCMHOCTH caKKTapaOA CT3H33ptH3atlHH aipoao-ia Kap6oKponeHa a aoaayxe pa6oteft 30K3I npoH3B03cneHHUX noMeiueHHfl n it.ihha a. r, rycEB c. x. bpio- XOBEU T. r. Mop^OJiorHRCCKHa h3.s*chihmr opriHoa 3CHB0THUX. noaaepraaoHxcR HHra.iitmoHKoft 3iTptKe 3KpHJnnrrp.iOM TA3^AP0BA H. H.. P03HHK0B A. B., APOHOBA E. H.. UIVB 0. A.. TAPIUEHI IH B. <t>. THracHRiecKaH oueaxa inrraHHi paSoiHHKoa n.iaayinx Sypoaux ycraHoeox KacnnAcKoro Sicceftwa IIx^opMaum cosercxoro ToxcHKO.iomvecKoro uempa 38 KIRILCHUK. P. P.. CHABAN. I. M. Work ing conditions and some physiologic para meters in workers of hop factories 40 KLIMENKO, G. Ya.. KOZLOV. M. A., LYUTOV. A. I.. MIROSHNICHENKO, A. B, SAVENKOVA. N. E. Physiologic functions m female workers engaged in work involv ing vision exertion and low levels of motor activity 41 MIKHELSON. D. A,, VINOGRADOV. S. A. Approaches to prevention of cooling of workers oi factory ships 43 KARNAUKH. L. A. Optimization of work oi electric travelling crane operators at pel let calcination shops 45 GRINEVICH. V. A. Training of the human body under hyperbaric conditions 46 TURBIN. E. V., ALDYREVA. M. V,, MILKOV. L E. Changes in some nervous system characteristics in workers exposed to phthalate plasticizers 48 ERMAN, M. I.. BAUMANE. M. E.. SLINKO. V. N.. USTINENKO. A. N.. VERICH. G. E.. KRASNOKUTSKAYA. L. M. Features oi sanitarv standardization of carboeromen aerosol in "the air of enclosed work environ ment 50 GITLINA. A. G,, GUSEV. S. D, BRYUKHOVETS. T. G. Morphologic changes in the organs oi animals exposed to acryl nitrile inhalation challenge 52 GAZDAROVA. I. N.. RODNIKOV, A. V.. ARONOVA. E. N.. SHUB, 0. A_. GARSHENIN. V. F. Hygienic evaluation of nutrition of workers at the pontoon drilling rigs of the Caspian sea 54 Information of the Soviet Toxicologic Centre XpOHHKl I1AHK0BA B. B. Bcipcva c aeTepanaMH Tpy;a Current Events 59 PANKOVA, V. B. Meeting with work vete rans PCUCH3HM n\230BCKHn T. A. PeucH3i<x Ha KHiirv P B. oopnceiiKOiOH. pHriieHa Tpyji npu aoCbiMe nonesHUx licxonaeMMX otkputhm cnocc6ov.. M., MeaimiiHa, 1982 r. 176 c im.i. Book Reviews 59 GUDZOVSKY, G. A. Review of the book by R. V. Borisenkova. Occupational hygiene in strip mining of minersl resourses. Moscow, Meditsini Publishers, 1982