Document 2NrjZn6bEGa3nJ8OE2wbN0JEg

ydrolysis armocol. tver. Proc. Soc. Multiple mech>lyl phosphate. isphate detoxi- 00,173-179. dichlorvos and (1961). A new /n. Pharmacol. . O. G. (1957). iration of two degradation of : fate of (vinyl.593-611i and iri-<Hotyl Is for studying tiro. Biochetn. . Koos, B. A., aluation in the Environ. Health ent on the Pharmacol. 21, actory workers hibition of the >benzene phos- osphate on the cm. Pharmacol. ion of organo- parative inhibius insecticides. ccticides on the ol. 17,174-180. TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY 37, 49-J9 (1976) \ Fate of [wC]Vinyl Chloride following Inhalation Exposure in Rats1 P. G. Watanabe, G. R. McGowan, E. O. Madrid, and P. J. Gehring Toxicology Research Laboratory, Health and EncironmentaI Research, and Analytical Laboratory, Dow Chemical V.S.A., Midland, Michigan 48640 _ Received November 25,1975; accepted February 17,1976 Fate of [,4C]Viny! Chloride Following Inhalation Exposure in Rats. Watanabe, P. G., McGowan, G. R., Madrid, E. O., and Gehring, P. J, (1976). Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 37, 49-59. Inhalation exposure to vinyl chloride (VC) has been shown to be carcinogenic in rats and man. It is important in assessing the toxicological potential of inhaled VC to under stand the disposition of VC in the body. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine the fate of inhaled [l4C]VC at different exposure concentrations in rats. Male rats were exposed to 10 or 1000 ppm [14C]VC for 6 hr and the routes and rates of elimination of <4C activity were followed for 72 hr after termination of exposure. Following exposure to 10 ppm of VC, urinary 14C activity and expired VC comprised 68 and 2 %, respectively, of the recovered radioactivity. After exposure to 1000 ppm of VC, the proportion of the radioactivity in the urine decreased while that expired as VC increased representing 56 and 12%. respectively. The pattern of pulmonary elimination of VC per se was described by similar apparent first-order kinetics following 10 or 1000 ppm with respective half-lives of 20.4 and 22.4 min. The elimination of ,4C activity in the urine occurred in accordance with a two-exponential equation: the halflives for the initial phase of excretion were 4.6 and 4.1 hr following 10 and 1000 ppm, respectively. The percent of the recovered l4C activity remaining in the carcass after 72 hr was 14 and 15% at the respective low' and high exposure level. VC per se was not found in tissues. The urinary ,4C activity was separated by high pressure liquid chromatography into three major metabolites corresponding to ;V-acetyl-5-(2-h>droxyethyl)cysteine, thiodiglycolic acid, and a third unidentified metabolite. The proportions of the urinary metabolites were not markedly influenced by the exposure magni tude. The fate of inhaled [,JC]VC was shown to be dose-dependent; this is consistent with previous studies on the fate of VC following ingestion as well as inhalation. Inhalation exposure to vinyl chloride (VC) has been shown to be carcinogenic in rats (Maltoni and Lefemine, 1974) and in man (Creech and Johnson, 1974; Tabershaw and Cooper, 1974). Preliminary studies on the fate of inhaled VC (Hefner et al,, 1975) indicated that VC was metabolized in part to polar products which were excreted in the urine. By using kinetic parameters and inhibitors of drug metabolism it was shown that the fate of VC was dependent on the magnitude of exposure. Also, the data led to 1 This study was funded by the companies supporting the vinyl chloride projects being administered by the Manufacturing Chemists Association, Washington, D.C. Copyright f*> 1976 by Academic Press, Inc. All right' of reproduction in any form reserved. Printed in Great Britain 49 ! i ASI 00005724 VS" c1 CME toulj b', present. (Tj*A CIS 75-1920 Older of 20 f.'ovpmbnr 1974 lo supplomont the li*l of processes requiring special medical Supervision lArrctC du 20novembie 1974 coupktant Is lisle des trnvnux neccssnanl unc surveillance medtale spicule) Journal olhcicl tie h HOnuhliaue francaise. Pans fiance, 30 Nov. 1974. Vol 106 No-280. p 11979 tin French) The item ' processes lor the polymerisation of vinvf chloride" is added to the list of processes requiring speci.il medical supervision in the schedule ap pended to the Order of 22 June 1970. C3367i CIS 75-1930 A recommended standard: An identification system lor occupationally hazardous materials. HEW Publication No.lNlOSH)7a-126. National Institute lor Occupational Saletv and Health Post Olfice Building. Cincinnati. Ohio 45202. USA. 1974. 63p. 30 ref. (In Eng lish) Recommendations following the guidelines laid down in the Occupational Safety Bnd Health Act 1970. desroned for the rapid determination ol haiard from exposu'C to materials found in the workolace. Sections ate devoted to the scope, objective, basis and components of the recommended identifica tion system for labelling haza-dous materials, and the use of posters, labels (lettering, colours, etc.) and saletv data sheels. A glossary of terms, tables of suggested label wording (health hazards, fire hazards, reactivity and explo sive hazards, first aid. waste disposal), etc. are appended, D3364) CIS 75-1931 feehavioral toxicology - Early detection of occupational^fotards. HEW Publication NoTNICSH) 74-126. National Institute (or Occupational Safety and Health. Post Office Buildino. Cincinnati, Ohio 45202. Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C 2CM02. USA. 1974. 507p. Ulus. <64 ret. Price: U5-S7.45. On English) Sections of the 1970 OSH Act emphasise the need to include behavioural fac tors in examining problems of occupational safety and health, and to develop new methods in handing these problems This book; recoids tne proceedings of the Behavioural Toxicity Workshop held in Cincinnati on 24-29 June 1973. After an introductory session (behavioural toxicology in the development of threshold limit values, research programmes, etc.), the various sessions deal with the follov.-ing themes: worker exposure to solvents lanaesthetics, car bon disulfide, trichloroethylene, methylene chloride, carbon monoxide/' pesti cides: metals (mercury, lead and otner polyvalent cations, methyl mercury); tpyic ngss irmam* ei-te-ir* a*cohot and effets of diug reactions; demons trations (control'ed environment chamber, test batteries, etc.): overview (development ol behavioural toxicology in the USA. use of conditioned reflex methods in Soviet research, etc.). ^ ------ Z37 CIS 75^S32^Carcinogenicity r^vinyl chloride literature survey (Action canctrooene du chlorure deii:---) - RrsJJ LITCliograohfque). Cavrgneaux A, Morel C. Cahiers de notes tiecumentaires - Secures ef bvoiene du travail. Paris. France. 2nd quarter 1975, No./S, Note No.956-79-75, p.201205.93 ref. (In French) Brief survey of the historical background to present-dav knowledge and awareness pf the loxicny ol vmyt chlonae monomer IVCM). the carcinogenici ty ol which has been demonstrated by animal experiments and observed cases of workers engjped in Cleaning out polymerisation autoclaves the first of which date from Jan. 1974. horn comparison of VCM with more highly car cinogenic substances, a sale TLV would fall between 25 and lOppm, 039321 CIS 75^1933^}farart!ous chemical reactions * 29. Lithium (Reactions chimiqube-dndpe.iuuscs - 29. lithium), leltu J. Cabins da notes decumantahes - Security c: hygiene du travail, Paris. France, 2nd quarter 1975. No.79. Note No 90-79-75. p.263-264. (In French) Enumeration and description of the possible reactions between lithium and 13 substances (organic and inorganic). The references used are quoted for each reached D3337) CIS 7^1934 ^Hazardous rhcmical reactions - 30. Sodium and sodi- um-potbssimn alloys (lieartirms c'irmigues danperruses - 30. Sodium cl eHiapes sodium-potassium). Lt-k-u J, Caluats do noirs tiuuunieniaites - Sacuntt' of Igoldnc du travail. Paris. France. 2nd quarter 1975. No.79. Note No.962-79-75, r?G5-?70. (In french) Enumnation and description of the possible reactions of sodium Rnd sodi um-potassium alloys with BO substances or groups ol substances (organic mid inpignnic). The iclcicnccs used arc quoted for each reaction. o332Si CIS 75-1935 Chlorine (Klor) Veil-doing nr.7. Directorate of I ahottr Inspec tion (Di'oktiitatet lor nilieidshisynei). Poxlboks 0103. Oslo-Ocp., Norway. Sep 1974.7p. Gratis, (In Norwegian) Directives for Hie xafn handling transport and storage ol rWorinet chemical mid physical piopi-uies: toxic < Hi-cts; peisonal pimeciivo equipment: hist pul; n.'lvire on sale writ) mg tm-CinJ-. with tli'imtio: te-.tmg ut ii'piiateis; Safety nn-tisinor. for road tian-poit imd sturae.e of thimine; directive;. lui wa 1i r Idmu iti 11 l.ir .`'|i.-, lie-tun aivl i mi-tun I'ui td M'iie;in mid wort.m;| CIS 75-193G Cltaninti with trichloroothylono Ikcnscarbcid mod tnkloretytenl Vci'L-d* ng nr 9 Ltirecttiratn ol labour Inspection IDecMoralet lor r bcidshlsvnctt. Fostboks 8103. Oslo-Dcp.. Norway. Sep 1974. 3p. Gratis. (In Norwegian) Regulations issued under the Workers Protection Act of 1956 laying down rules for tne use r` tnchioroethirene: properties: lox't eMccts- tve hazards: enclosure of cleaning plant: mechanical ventilation: skin protection: gas fre eing of cleaning plant before repairs, maintenance or inspection; fee preven tion. Dots) CIS75S5Methylenebi*f2-chIoroBniline)(MBOCA): A new chemical carcinogen iMetiiene-bis-o-cloroanilma IMEOCAI: un nuovo cancerooeno cnar.-co). Bertazzi P.A Medians del lavoro. Milano. Italy. Mar.Apr. 1975. Vol.oo No2. p 6 )-B4. IS ref. Iln Italian) Methyfenebisl2-cHofoanitine) is used as a catalyser in the potvaddwon of po lyurethanes. This Wide refers lo various investigations which have cemons- Irated the toxicity and carcinogenicity toarticulariv involving the liven of this substance, ano its tendency to be absorbed by the skin. Its carcinogenicity is confirmed not oniv by animal experiments but also by tumours observed in w-orkers exposed to this substance in the chemical industry. Recommended safety measures: replacement of mcthylenebis(2-chloroaniline> bv a harm less or less toxic substance: saletv engineering and industrial hyg'ene: wear ing of respirators and protective clothing: medical supervision. oi6) 05 75-1S3S A charcoal sampling method and a gas chromatogra phic analytical procedure for carbon disulfide. McCammon C.5. Quinn P.M.. Kept* RE. American Inoustrial Hygiene Association Journal Ak ron, USA Aug. 1975. Vol35, No.8. p.61B-62S. Illus. 8 ref. (In Englishl A test method for sampling and analysing samples for carbon disulfide (CSz1 is described CSz was adsorbed on charcoal tubes, eluted wito benzene, and determined wi:h a gas chromatograph equipped with a sullut (tame pnoiome- tne detector. The sensmvitv of tne method was Ipg Tne tubes were alsc tested for breakthrough volumes, sample stability, ana the effect of air trans port and temperaoxe changes. tuO*s CIS 75-1539 Absorption, distribution and excretion of terephtha! ic acid and dimethyl terephthalafe. Moffitt AE-. Clarv JJ.. lewis T.R Blenck M.D.. Parere V 6. American Industrial Hygiene Association Jouma1 Akron. USA Aug '975. Vol.36. Ng.R. p.633-641 15 ref, (in Fpni.yni Structural formulae and physical and chemical properties of terebhthahc aciITA) and dimethyl terepnthalate (DMH Radiotracer studies rn raspiis an rats using C-14-bbel ed TA end DMT showed: 111 rapid aosorct-oi and e> cretion ol DA end DMT without evidence of tissue accumulation on s ngie r repeated oral and intratracheal administration: I2l no skin irritation after sir pie or repeated datmal application, and no significant skin absorption of T/ (3) recovery of J1-13:/( of tne (single or repeated' cutaneous doses Iror uhneend faecestnthin todays: (41 no significant absorption of TA after oclar instillation; (5*33 V* excretion of a single ocular dose of DMT. wtt.n no e; dence ol tissue excmulaiion or eye damage. TA end DMT thus appeared t be repidty absorbed and excreted without significant accumulation in the tisues. DaOOl CIS 71^1940 yrec- silica SiOz. Analytical guides American Industrial H picne Astroc-ttion. Akion. American Industrial Hvnienc Assoaat'on Joun: Akron, USA Aug 1975. Vol.35. No.6. P.C42-645. 13 rrl.lln Eng'ish) Piinciple, method of collection, interferences, special reapents and eou mem. range, sentovitv and accuracy are detailed lor the X-ravdifhaction, i Irared spectioscopy. end coleumetric methods for determining free sik with brie! commons. Dttxs CIS 75-1941 Measurement of liver-cadmium concentrations in p tients and industrial woikcrs by neutron-activation analysis, ti vey T.C.. McLc.TanJ.S.. Thomas B.J., Fiemlm J H 7hr Lancet london, Un1' Kingdom. 7 June 1375. VoLI. No.7919. p 1209-1272. Illus. 37 tel. Iln lr liSll) Descriplion of anew, rapid non-surgical terhnique lor measurinp tissue t mium roncenurtrons in the liver, in which the specific chz.nnes producer! jriadialion with neutrons are analysed Studies in 4 men With known or s peeled poisoning showed very high liver cadmium levels of 35-200-,' (non-exposedsut*t.cts K1 Oppm1, and these ate comD.necI with urine cec um concentrations m a table tihete was little couciot'onl The radiation d used in clinical studies was 0,1-l.Oicm and the detection limit ol cadin was I.Oppm Rho.-t literature review of pathology ol cadmiuni poisoning t fher studies are planned cup;- CIS 75-1942 The minimal oral toxicity level tor mrvinphos In mr Rider J A, f'u'i-.k EJ.. Swariet J I. lexicology and Apg'u-J/Vi-uniarnf New York. USA A'<- 1975. Vul 32. No 1. p.97-100 Illus. 4 tel. (In English' Todriernwie iVulii exposure level Inr otpanoptiosi'liate insecticide m, phos 12-ta ts.iru--J.oiy- 1-inrUnlviiiyl tliiiiotb\l fitiosjiti.-ilr) war. lull tn nun vului.te.-is t;r 30 days. The ilepiesjinn orcliolmvf.te.iasd ectn-ity - ` -/ ASI 00005725 1