Document 2NqZRrDvLEXdd92aa0X3JbGZb
CHEMICALS
INDUSTRIES
TO FROM
John Dockum J. M. Anderson
INTEROFFICE / LAKE CHARLES
DATE
M""a`rcWh 28, 1969
SUBJECT ^DC Specifications
Lake Charles personnel have reviewed the vinyl Idene chloride specifications of Tennessee Eastman and B. F. Goodrich included in your marketing report PMS-2091. We are confident that our purified material will conform to the purity levels required.
To be exact, we will meet Tennessee Eastman specification number 1160-1 dated March 1963, with a 50 ppm maximum water limit as noted. We will meet B. F. Goodrich's specifications M-2 and M-32 dated June 24, 1968.
Dr. Ron Bartlett reports that the odor and polymerization tests run at Barbwton are favorable. Morpholine in the few ppm range is not detectable, and does not affect polymerization nor impart odor to the polymer.
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SL 44625
Study of Composition of Vinylidene Chloride from Lake Charles. II
September 26, 1968
by F. M. Cummings
Status Report FMC/46
I. INTRODUCTION
Vinylidene chloride (VDC) produced at Lake Charles does not, at present, meet customer specifications for polymer grade material. While efforts continue toward producing an acceptable material the study of the composition of VDC samples from Lake Charles has also continued, as described in Status Report FMC/42.
This report summarizes the results of analysis of VDC samples produced at Lake Charles from May 1 to September 1, 1968.
II. EXPERIMENTAL (NBp J-4902,04,09,20; J-6201,08,IT,18,20,21,2^,25,26,27,28; J-4607,08)
Eighteen 5-gallon samples of VDC were taken from Lake Charles storage tank at periodic intervals between May 1 and September 1, 1968 and shipped to the Corpus Christi Laboratories in mild steel drums. The contents of each drum were analyzed upon receipt and again following flash distillation, under nitrogen, through a 24-inch Vigreux column into a receiver containing' methoxyphenol.
None of these samples met all of the industrially accepted specifications either before or after flash distillation.
Emission spectrographic analyses were not done on these samples since previous work (FMC/42) had shown no significant metallic impurities in VDC from Lake Charles.
The results of analyses are summarized in Table I while Table II lists VDC specifications from two prospective customers and one competitor.
III. DISCUSSION
A- p-MethoxyphenoI Concentration - The level of stabilizer in these VDC samples does not represent that of the Lake Charles' storage tanks since additional amounts were added to the drums before shipment at our request.
SL 044626
FMC/46 - 1
TAHjE I
VDC from Lake Charles* St or p.ng Tank--May fco September 1966
p-Kethoxvphenol, ppm Peroxide, ppm Water, ppm Acetylene, ppm1 Ionic Chloride, ppm Color, APHA units Vinylidene Chloride, Wt $ 1,2-Dichloroethylene, Wt $ "Lights", Wt
As Received
Ave.
Ra.no e
890 5
70 286
12 55 99*5 0-41 0.05
17-4300 1-8 '
20-187 170-525
1-17 20-175 99*4-99*6
0.26-0.51 0.03-0.08
"Heavies", Wt s
0.05 <0.01-0.09
Monochloroacetylerie, ppm
630 300-900
Dichloroacetylene, ppm
4ce 200-650
After Distillation
Ave.
Ran^e
555 2 67
51^ 17 10
99*7 0.25 0.06
200-500 <1-5
51-82 181-450
1-22 (Hone) 99*7-99*8 0.08-0.33 0.04-0.10
*
Traces {< 0.01)
690
400-1000
485 250-700
________Dow VDC (LS 0580) As Received After Distillation
<1 22
--
2 75 99*9
0.1 Traces (< 0.01)
0.02
409 <1
20
<1 10
99*9 0.01
Traces (< 0.01) < 0.01
Trace (<5)
4
Trace 5)
8
1. 'Total acetylenic compounds as determined by .R&D Method Ho. 319 2. Vinyl chloride, methyl chloride
3- Trichloroethylene, 1,1,2-tricbloroethylene, toluene
ft ro
VJJ
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Vinylidene Chloride, Wt jo Trichloroethane, Wt j Dichloroethylene, Wt j 1,1,-Dichloroethane, Wt j Ethylene Dichloride, Wt j Trichlorethylene, Wt j
Acetylene, ppm2 Acid (as HCl), ppm Water, ppm Peroxide (as Ha02), ppm Color, APHA
TABLE II
Vinylidene Chloride Specifications
4f nto~j |CK3
Dewey & Almy
Tennessee Eastman Co.
99-6 min.
99.5 min.
0.25 max.
O.3O max.
0.55 max.f1^-
0.006 max0.015 max.
0-25 max. 0.25 max.
10.25 max.
25 25
15
50
25 25 30 20
Dow Chemicals Co-1 99.6 min.
<0.1 0.2
10
-
15
1. Typical analysis, as listed in A Special Report, Vinylidene Chloride Monomer, Dow Chemical Company
2. As determined by F8D Method Ho. 319
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l(> KjAA x '/*> * ^ 3 OCA- * xf4' S
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B. Peroxide and Water Concentration - The peroxide level found in typical product from Lake Charles is well within customer specifications of 25 ppm.
The average water concentration is higher than specification (25-50 ppm) but this is not considered to be a serious problem since drying procedures are readily available.
C. Acetylene - VDC produced at Lake Charles contains about twenty times the specified maximum amount of acetylenic material for polymer grade VDC. While acetylene (CsHa) itself has not been detected in these samples, both monochloroacetylene and dichloroacetylene are present in substantial quantities as detected by gas chromatography. Firm quantitative values have not been determined but appear to be within the 500-800 ppm range for each chloroacetylene.
These materials are believed to arise from dehydrochlorination of vinylidene chloride leading to monochloroacetylene and of trichloroethylene or tetrachloroethane which gives dichloroacetylene.
D. Ionic Chloride - Water extracts of_VDC from Lake Charles show comparatively high levels of ionic chloride (Table I). Whether this chloride is from free HC1, phosgene, or hydrolysis of some impurity, isn't apparent at present.
The level is much higher than that- found in samples during the first quarter of 1968.
E. Color - Freshly distilled VDC is colorless and clear. However, VDC from Lake Charles rapidly develops a color past the maximum of the APHA scale ( > 500 APHA) while the Dow product remains almost colorless (10-15 APHA) under the same conditions.
The color of the Dow VDC listed in Table I is atypical. Distillation of this material produced a color-stable VDC which remained color stable after 300 hours at 50C.
F- Assay by Gas Chromatography - VDC from both Lake Charles and Dow meet the specifications for chlorinated hydrocarbons, listed in Table II. However, the Dow material contains less dichloroethylenes,. probably due to a difference in production methods.
IV. CONCLUSIONS
1, Lake Charles VDC contains 500-800 ppm of both monochloro- and di chloroacetylene .
2. Vinylidene chloride from the Lake Charles installation consistently fails industry specifications for polymer grade material due to its poor color stability and high acetylene content.
SL 044629
FMC/46 - 4
-5 -
3- The level of ionic chloride has increased from an average of 4 to 17 ppm since the first of 1968. The reason for this increase is unknown.
V. RECOMMENDATIONS
It is recommended that:
1. The exhaustive study of Lake Charles VDC product be discontinued for the present.
2. Effective procedures be found for removing chlorinated acetylenes from VDC.
3* Production processes be altered to prevent formation of chlorinated acetylenes.
SL 044630
emc/46
5
6o
TABLE mil Vinylidene Chloride Specifications
W. Proposed
Specification
Dow
i
VDC Monomer, (Phenolfree basis)
Trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene
Cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene
1,1-Dichloroethane 1,2-Dichlorbethane Chloroform Acetylene Chloroacetylene
Dichloroacetylene Trichloroethylene Methyl ether of
hydroquinone Phenol Water Vinyl chloride Methyl chloride
(fdf tpHA f U rnty)
Polymerization Rate: Minimum Polym, Viscosity, min.
99.6#
(0.3#
0.25# 0.25# 0.25# (0.1# (25 ppm 10 ppm
0.25#
-
0.4-1.0# 500-1000 ppm
m
-
DuPont
p.
0.3#
0.25#
-
0.25#
-
25 ppm 0.25#
-
o.4-1.0#
a* * -
77#
1.01
Boiling Range (Cottrell):
B. P. @ 50# Boiling Range @ 80#
a*
31.8-32.2c
o.5ec
Density, 25C/25C Ref. Index, 20C
1 .2022-1.2122 1.2022-1.2122
--
Odor Appearance
Color (ADAA)
-
ip
-
Dewey & Almy
National Starch
(W. R. Grace) ' t (Purchase from D01
- 99.6#
(10 ppm 0J0
o.l#
0 ppm 0> e$
-
(44 ppm 0.of
-
-
0 ppm
--
---.
0.0/
0.2#
0.1#
-
10 ppm as C2H2
at
tO0-M0pp*> 0.02#
0.4-1.0# (I85 ppm (113 ppm
20ppn1
--
0.5-0.8# m
3*0-bOOf>fW
--
-
1.2022-1.2122 1.427
"Sweet"
-
> p*
\m
- lo
si* 044631
61
TABLE mil (continued...)
VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE SPECIFICATIONS
Specification
VDC Monomer (StaMlizer Free basis) Trans-1,2 Cis-1,2 1.1-dce 1.2-DCE Chloroform Acetylene Chloroacetylene Dichloroacetylene TCE BMP Phenol Water VC MC Polymerization Bate:
Minimum Polymerization Viscosity (min.) Bolling Bange (Cottrell)
B. P. @ 50# Boiling Bange @ 8056 Density 25/25 Bef. Index 20C Odor Appearance Color (APHA)
Tennessee Eastman
99-5# minimum
0.50$ maximum 0.25# maximum
Olin Math!eson
25 ppm maximum
0.25$ maximum 150-250 ppm
25 ppm maximum
25 ppm max. 0^4-1.0#
77# 1.01 min.
1.2022-1.2122 1.4220-1.4260
0.5C 1.2022-1.21
Water white and clear from suspended material 20 max.
04^632 SL
EXHIBIT "A"
{is Ctfetet C4 C
Sjto/f, 7 kjftr'
VINYLIPENE CHLORIDE SPECIFICATIONS
Specific Gravity at 25 C/25 C Cottrell Boiling Range
1.2022 -
A. Boiling Point, 50% - C B. Boiling Range, Mid 80% - C Phenol, Percent by Weight Chloroacetylene
31.7 - 32 0.5 Max. 0.4 - 1.0
Calculated at C2H2, PPM
Polymerization Rate, Percent Conversion
Trichiorethylene, Percent
Trans-Diehloroethylene, Percent
Cis-Dichloroethylene, Percent
Ethylene Dichloride, Percent
Vinyl Chloride, Percent Water, PPM
. Any other properties
. * 25 Max. 80 Min.
. 0.25 Max. 0.30 Max. 0.25 Max. 0.25 Max. 0.25 Max. 200 Max.
muM TO REPORT
o=- porSfflR GRADE VTNYLIDENE CHLORIDE
^'-^^r^MICAL COMPANY AMD THE ETHYL CORPORATION
-----------------------------LD-4^2A ;
;
colors of the vinylidene chloride samples from the Dew Chemical Company and the Ethyl Corporation were run. Samples of PPG material from the VDC storage tank on February 21, 22, 23, 2*t, 25, l$o3, were also run. Ohe results are listed below;
PPG Dow Ethyl . .'I*
20 i _ )70
Irons were then run on the various samples.
::.
Material
ppm, FeCla
PPG Dow
Ethyl
0.\0 0.36 1.33
The material from Ethyl was then filtered through activated carbon whereby
the color was reduced from greater than 70 to a 20. A chromatogram of the filtered material was then run to see if any of the components had been removed in the process. .
The Ethyl Corporation
Component
Methyl Chloride
:' <{
Ethyl Chloride
7:
.Vinylidene Chloride
Trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene
Unsym-Tetrachloroethane i
Phenol '
,-i f r. Author:
dfjuL.
\ - ; t .
R. Kenneth Lee
Weight #
Trace ' rO.Ol 99-^6
0.02 Trace
0.51
3-6 - 4 3
Date
- - i.V!'.
RXL:rJ
Approved:
4
; -
C. A. Burns
7?i : - 7;
.;;.':SL 044634
Date 7.7''-. ;,j
p
iAoiiuntioa or lymer Grace vinyliaen*
___ _
from the Dev Chemical Company and the Ethyl Co^ I,arai.1.0r
ED-452 - (Cont'd.)
Vvi 12"
The Dov Chemical Company
Component
Methyl Chloride
Ethyl Chloride
Vinylidene Chloride
Trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene
Trichloroethylene ,
-
1,1,2-Trlchloroethane
Unsym-Tetrachloroethane
Sym-Tetrachloroethane
Phenol
\,
' -`
Weight j
0.03 0.01
S9-37
-0.02 , 0.01 .Trace Trace ' <crace
*0.56
0.02 0.01
9906
0.02 Trace
0.01 0.01
0.03 0.54'
' Ethyl Corporation
Component'
Methyl Chloride
Ethyl Chloride
Vinylidene Chloride '
Trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene
Trichloroethylene
'
Unsym-Tetrachloroethane
Sym-Tetrachloroethane
Phenol
,
Weight i>
Trace 0.01
99-38
0.06
0.01 0.01 0.53
Trace 0.01
99*44
0.03 Trace
Trace 0.52
Component .
Topical PPG Material
\
Methyl Chloride
Vinyl Chloride
-\
Vinylidene Chloride
Trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene
Cis -1,2 -Dichloroethylene
Trichloroethylene
Phenol
.
i ; -: -
V/ '
' , .'
*
Weight
. 0.04 0.04
99.27
O.26 O.25 0.03 0.10
-
* These figures are averages for November and December, 1962, and January, 1963.
SL 0AA635- ^
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A. GENERAL
A-l.
This specification covers a grade of vinylidene chloride that shall meet all the requirements listed below according to the methods of
testing described on the following pages and, in addition, must be suitable to Tennessee Eastman Company for actual use in its processes,
B. PROPERTIES B-l. Acetylene -2. Anpearar.ee
25 ppm maximum
Water white and clec.r from suspended matter
B-3. Color, APHA
B-U. Infrared Analysis
3.1 1,1, Dichloroethane 3.2 Trichloroethylene 3-3 Trans Dichlorcethyicne 3 A Cis DiuJilox'oeth-` ene 3.5 Ethylene Bichloride 3.6 Vinylidene Chloride
(Obtained by subtracting the sum of 31 through 3-5)
B-5. Inhibitor
B-6. Peroxide (as HpOs)
B-7. Refractive Index at 25 C.
b-3. Specific Gravity at 25/25 C.
B-9. Water
20 maximum
0.25/u maximum 0.25$ maximum
0.3i> maximum
0.2/^ maximum
O.2571 maximum
99*55 minimum 150 -'250 ppm hydroquinene monomethyl ether 25 ppm maximum 1.1220 - 1.^260 1.2022 - 1.2122 25 ppm maximum
SL 04A63&.
6o
TABLE XXIII
Vinylidene Chlo'ride Specifications
Specification
Dow DuPont
VDC Monomer, (Phenolfree basis)
Trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene
Cis-1,2-Dichloro" ethylene
1,1-Dichloroethane 1,2-Dichloroethane Chloroform Acetylene Chloroacetylene
Dichloroacetylene Trichloroethylene Methyl ether of
hydroguinone Phenol Water Vinyl chloride Methyl chloride
99.6$
(0.3$
0.25$ 0.25$ 0.25* (0.1$ (25 ppm 10 ppm
0.25$
-
o.4-i.o$ 500-1000 ppm
**
-
o.3$
0.25$
-
0.25$
-
25 ppm
0.25$
-
0.4-1.0$ -
t*
-
Polymerization Rate: Minimum
Polym. Viscosity, min.
77$ 1.01
Boiling Range (Cottrell): B. P. @ 50$ Bolling Range @ 80$
-
-
31.8-32.2C 0.5C
Density, 25C/25C Ref. Index, 20C
1 .2022-1.2122 1.2022-1.2122 --
Odor Appearance
Jolor (ADAA)
a* *
Dewey & Almy (W. R. Grace)
-
(10 ppm
0 ppm
-
(44 ppm
-
0 ppm
*
0.4-1.0$ (185 ppm (113 ppm
-
*
-
-
1.2022-1,2122 1.427
"Sweet" "Clear"
National Starch (Purchase from Do
99.6$
0.1$
m
0.2$
-
0.1$
-
10 ppm as C2H2
-
-_
0.02$ 0.5-0.8$
-
-
-
u
-
V
-
_ *
SL 04A637
61
TABLE XXIII (continued...) VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE SPECIFICATIONS
Specification
VDC Monomer (Stabilizer Free basis) Trans-1,2 Cis-1,2 1.1-DCE 1.2-DCE Chloroform Acetylene Chloroacetylene Dichloroacetylene TCE PMP Phenol Water VC MC Polymerization Kate:
Minimum Polymerization Viscosity (min. ) Boiling Range (Cottrell)
B. P. @ 5056 Boiling Range @ 8056 Density 25/25 Ref. Index 20"C Odor Appearance Color (APHA)
Tennessee Eastman
99-556 minimum
0.50$ maximum O.2556 maximum
Olin Mathieson
25 ppm maximum
O.2556 maximum 150-250 ppm
25 ppm maximum
25 ppm max 0^4-1.056
7756
1.01 min.
1.2022-1.2122 1.4220-1.4260
0.5C 1.2022-1.21
Water white and clear from suspended material 20 max.
SL 044638
EXHIBIT "A"
fzSC4H&i/l CtiOVKAL Sjto/W 'tt'hhSmtHfJ htfc-K
VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE SPECIFICATIONS
Specific Gravity at 25 C/25 C
1.2022 - 1.2122
Cottrell Boiling Range
A. Boiling Point, 50% - C B. Boiling Range, Mid 80% - C Phenol, Percent by Weight Chloroacetylene
31.7 - 32.2 0.5 Max. 0.4 - 1.0
Calculated at 02^, PPM
. ' 25 Max.
Polymerization Rate, Percent Conversion
80 Min.
Trichiorethylene, Percent
. 0.25 Max.
Trans-Diehloroethylene, Percent
0.30 Max.
Cis-Diehloroethylene. Percent
0.25 Max.
Ethylene Dichloride, Percent Vinyl Chloride, Percent
0.25 Max. 0.25 Max.
Water, PPM
200 Max.
Any other properties
SL 044639
. 11WJ
a iinffiDUW TO REPORT
o=* POLYMER GRADE VTNYLIDENE CHLORIDE
V^rzrem'ZCh'L COMPANY AND THE ETHYL CORPORATION
'*"
ld"-452a ;
;
'
colors of the vlnylldene chloride sanples from the Dow Chemical Company end the Ethyl Corporation were run. Sanples of ppfl material from the VDC storage tank on February 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 1953, were also run. Ohe results are listed below:
Irons were then run on the various samples.
Material
ppm, FeCly
7\'7'-'--'!'-'V . 7"
PPG -/l':'.Dow.
Ethyl 7` .
0.10 O.36 1.33 ' '
The material from Ethyl was then filtered through activated carbon whereby
the color was reduced from greater than 70 to a 20. A chromatogram of the
filtered material was then run to see if any of the components had been
removed in the process. .
:
.The Ethyl Corporation
* .._ ' ' ' \ ,
Component Methyl Chloride
'i': t7 -f:l.
;
77
v/\7
'7
7
777/
/.;7:
Ethyl Chloride
Vlnylldene Chloride
f7^ ' 7 . 77' ;7; ;V7'v- 7 ,7:V 7 7.--'
Trans -1,2 -Dichloroethylene
7Unsym~Tetra chloroethane
Phenol
- - -. ...7 1
Weight
Trace . "0.01
99*46
'
0.02
; Trace 7' 7
0.51
777'
Author; R. Kenneth Lee
. : v; 7 77 Approved:
. C. A. Burns
7' ' \'Y. ''7' -iji :
RKL:rj
33-6-6
Date
Dat ..
SL 044640
Kvxutit;xoa or iymer Grade viayXiaeE;
The Dew Chemical Company
Component
Methyl Chloride
Ethyl Chloride
Vinylidene Chloride
Trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene
Trichloroethylene ,
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
t Unsym-Tetrachlorosthane
Sym-Tetrachlorcethane
Phenol
\.
Ethyl Corporation
Component'
Methyl Chloride Ethyl Chloride Vinylidene Chloride ' Trans -1,2 -Dichloroethylene Trichloroethylene Unsym-Tetrachlorosthane Sym-Tetrachloroethane Phenol
*`**nW*VS?PKl,'Sr
V
Weight *f>
0.03 0.01
99-37 0.02
, 0.01 .Trace Trace
Trace 0.56
0.02 0.01 99.36 0.02 Trace 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.54'
Weight $
Trace 0.01
99-38 0.06
0.01 0.01 0.53
Trac 0.01
99 M 0.03
Trace
Trace 0.52
Typical PPG Material
Component .
Methyl Chloride Vinyl Chloride Vinylidene Chloride Trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene Cis -1,2 -Dichloroethylene Trichloroethylene Phenol
Weight
0.04 0.04 99.27 0.26 0.25 0.03 0.10
* These figures are averages for November and December, 1962, and January, 1963.
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PURCHASE SFEC5?ICAT!0N
GENKHAL
A-l. This specification covers a grade of vinylidene chloride that shall rceet all the requirements listed below according to tire methods o testing described on the following pages and, in addition, must o
. suitable to Tennessee Eastman Company for actual use in its
B. PROPERTIES B-l. Acetylene B-2. Appearance
25 ppm maximum
Water white and clear from suspended matter
B-3. Color, APHA.
20 maximum
B-4. Infrared Analysis
3.1 1,1, Dichloroethane 3.2 Trichloroethylene 3.3 Trans Dichlorcethyier.e 3.1 Cis Di*.iilOx*oethv.'.eiit3-5 Ethylene Dichloride 3.6 Vinylidene Chloride
(Obtained by subtracting the sum of 3*1 through 3.5}
B-5. Inhibitor
-6. Peroxide (as H;;0g)
0.25$ maximum
0.25i> maximum
0.3$ maximum 0.2"'*' maximum 0.25$ maximum
99o# minimum
150 250 ppm hydroquinene monomethyl ether 25 ppm maximum
B-T Refractive Index at 25 C. B-3. Specific Gravity at 25/25 C.
1.4220 - 1.4260 1.2022 - 1.2122
-9* Water
25 ppm maximum
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