Document 2JyqyQZ36pDBVzzDEj4Rzy0p7

o"gahisatiom foc. 'ropohic COOK311A7I01I Alw HiJVfAJQVlZSire : invironaent Directorate r;/72.51 IS5IiUSZI2 Paris, 13th October, 1972 To : iicubers of the Sector Group on Unintended. Occur rence of Chaaicais ir. the bnviror.ncnt Copy to : Hetionel Delegations Or. bngl. mistmmm?iiSii i_ Polychlorinated Piohenyls ;'royosrl_s_ for Concerted Action 1. This dacu. cat contains proposals for concerts: notion ir. CX : tuber countries in respect of control of polychlorinated biphenyls. . 'dVcsc proposals, formulated. in consultation with the bureau of the doctor Croup, arc brood on the conclusions era' n iron the snruiry on polychlorinated biphenyls ir. 'caber countries. The results of this onrulry neve beer, presentee', in c'.ocui.:ont 3. It is to be noted that a. consultation uecting -.res held under the '.'otiflection end Consultation Procedure on Measures for ah..- Control of .'fubvtr.rces .'.ffsctir.g fan or Kis 7.nviror_v.ent '1th reference to polychlorinated biphenyls (~CBs). This ucctir-s on October 3rd, If7f., unrni.aoo.sly r'fresc' the desirability of uu w.'.'.liu'.ir.r c. co..'...;Oi; >olicy frc..'.e''OiV. throughout the OBCb .cubership '.'ith retard'to acceptable uses of'pCfs er.d xi:e specific conditions under '.'hich. such uses should be perebutted. . fho proposals contained in the document below represent o common policy frr...vvorh '..'hich nay be enpectcd to satisfy the requirc:ijr.t.s posed, by the consultation meeting. 5. header countries are therefore invited'to o::ra;lne the proposals in this document and ensure that their daiegnte3 to the Sector Group or. Unintended. Occurrence of Chcuicals in the /'r.vironucnt -re * du-o.atcly briefer' -.-ith rc.gard to these proposrlc to that, if '0.'..i..l::, the" nty be .' reed, by the .b.ctor Grout at its hcvc.v.scr ne.uin.;. ' " ` c. dh_ : p.r.cd proposeto t-uA then *.v transmitted to th' Council '..for:, the -ad of j.'/7d under proc :dur .. tc be Set by :'hc 041880 ../.;I!V/72.51 r.rvoi: ir.'H! o.: ii ii;?.1.: : nccuxi : g^I>.i:-S^iLlLSLl iVTr;oi r r-ir;1' rolyc'.lcu-inatod Dlnhonyls , Proposals for Concerted Action PnaffiKSl 1. The encuiry ir. llembar countries on the control of PC's, the results of ich have been presented, in document ;:r,/si;v/72.-S, loads to the follovlnc: conclusions : a) focauso of high levels of PCils round in the environment, end uocru.sc of a number of incidents involving human health, some countries have taken, or r.ro considering taking action to control tile use of FCBs; . j) 'flier are (1972) only six coeipcnics in O.hCD bomber countries that na.nvfa.ctu.ro 'C!s; four of them have already taker: steps to reduce production to supply for a dev approved uses; ' c) - PCPs err. he replaced, except for cone uses ".-here their dielectric properties end"non-fir.:li.'r.-'ility are essential; d.) The tccknalo-;;, for destruction of FCr.s exists; a) fceruse of the nrny applications of rCfs in tha "idc ranac of consular products '.oving in ir.tcrnr.tionrl trade, the situation vill al...ost certainly bacons co...plicctcd unless international agreement is reached on allo'.T.ble U3cs; f) A roush estimate"- indicates that consumption of ?CEs in O..CD countries is ...a.tci.sd '..y production. Considering in addition that insert of chemicals from non-Cl'CW to OfCD countries is still restricted to basic chemicals, impart of built IClls is unlikely. It ir, therefore, reasonable to suggest that the major part of the problem of unintended occurrence of PCEs can bo solved, through concerted, action betveen OECD llcrabcr countries. .* * Production in 1971 amounted, to about -C,`:00 netric tons and consumption in the lp countries that provided rumc-rical ir.for- ssticr. to 'bout tone; assuming that cor.sumptior. of TCds ' is likely to be in so...,. noa.surc proportional to C"i, csa.suur- tior. in Vr.o other t.;. countries (Austri-, far.;Or;-ccc-, Ic-l'r.d, Ir-.i-;id, It; ly, Japan, huxemturj, d.oair., Turkey) ; a ` '/ OJ tons. . HOMS 0418S1 IliV .HV/Y.V.'.l U.y ` * b -b 2. The applications, of i'Cho Tall ua_nlv into tv;o categories : - user, in closed systems - disr.ipa.tivc use3. Cloned Systems . J.. The use of rCBs in closed' systems can bo defined .-.s appli cations fro;.: vhich the VCCs ore recoverable. PCI's in trans formers, capacitors, host transfer systems, hydraulic ccuipuont, raid vacuum pumps ere in principle recoverable, since during use, the PCTs are not generally dispersed into theenvironment. l , It is, he ever, important to distinguish be creen closed system uses that arc controllable in practice end those hart control cannot bo guaranteed either - because freauont roplacoiient of relatively siicll ouer.tities vill lead to disposal rather than recovery, or - because a largo number of smell units vidsly dispersed uill make collection extremely difficult, or - because occidental leakage vill cause imminent danger to human health. T. truly controllable, use nay therefore i-u defined as an application vhcrc - the refs are contained in a sealed circuit in large, long-life units, . - the cuantities involved are such that there is an incen tive for regeneration. 6. Toiiovia.g v'hr.t '..t been said above, the only truly cer.Crolla- ble uses of refs are in dielectrics for SrbgfQt'bij:s ana for large4:ovtr_f\ctor_sor.Eti.cia_Enxsiiiari, rrcvc-a.tia. escape oi PC. .so : tnese applications is ..amly o prosier, of engineering dcsigr. and of collection a.r.;' destruction of used lit.aids. These uses also being essential for safety reasons,, it vould bo unreasonable to suggest that they be discontinued at the present time. MUNS 041882 -5- ti't/JJMV/72.51. - / i'!.<- ' I :I; 'v- ' l ' 7. In all other dcmod uyni.n recovery of rCHoi"althoueh thooretlcnliy porial.iiii', vnoid not bo practical, Such . opplicntionn ihoutd, l..'u* rufo.ro, ho diuoonl.jmicd, unload' ; , safety .rotiulri.wiilo prevent the unc of substitute proud.cte l--ion.t....t.r..m--in--f--a- r--nr>--<l:n-u-n . ' ' ' a*, :jii -- Thoro limy 1*" ;hhu liintallritlono when.' t.lio risk 0:' . pxplonion nr .".In* tmi.-.l-. bo avoided tit all r.odt, ur.cLtlia' jlangor of ooii> of IK! tin Iheri'lVro is of leas' ` ' itiipor truce. I'oiruiftK of the rJnlc of leokugu," which ,cfln' novel' ho toli'lly |jni'Vilr>il ngnlnet, 111*' uno of l'CL'eas _ hurt traoefor imoi.'Im Id th** food, drugs and food . induGtrior should however, be prohibited. . t w " . .. ft ''', * f -j ^r / > ^ (11) Ilydruulic ocjuijnent, vacuum num^g ; ; .Although the tiuanl.lttun InvoJved In the individual cuou tiro relatively ourl.l, thoy vM.ll, unless rocovoroc, add. significantly to Um environmental burden of .rCD.j, Tl'-jorotical.l.v, used fluid." could bo rucovorud, blit in Viou of tlio difficulty of onlrblioliing n ayntom to. . . colluct n.mil H't'ulibioo from many users, those (unli- entiomt uhnu.li-' :*e diriaontiniiod. Kiu'tlion-iora, VCl:., uve generally not ...-wnllel In hydirulie nnd pumping fluids, vlth the iI:.vt rfuTi.-ptlon or hydra.illc uqulpnont in U'>0or;-'.round mlii I nj-. . . . ... * (ill) bliirjitnjvi . ., . '. .. Those are I'yp.lro I. < '.MMI-I-'.a of an application of rebrj 111 Booled mil La 11 I'll .-an niuo.ii. civnnlotoly noii-recovornb.lt!.. Conciderinj:, fur ojuinpl*.*, the >inuy domaotio electrical appli ."I'ccr. in which r-jiMoitoi"' are lined, tho coot of recovery would wrnhob.ly I-; piohJlilltvo. A warnin'; . lrbol slioi-'liu; Uirt tin* o'|uI piiii'iiI. iimat not be dinposod of lie ordinary i-riite lien h<*on aur.pontod; It In,however, not Iltoly tn hi* miffJciuiil, unl'iun r.irnufacturcra end rctnilorn would fccnjit return of npulinneos that uro ' out of urte. ('no cmmtry lmv.lii;' hiinna'l tho uuo of IXJDb in oualX crp.'cJ torn, it yeoma that auch rppllcntioiui nicy not Ijo eeaenl.-toJ. nnd perhopo could bo diacontlnuod. Dlnn.lyaU vi' U.".oa ' ' ' 0.' Tho dioniimtlvo u.oc a t ro thono where recovery of uooil rci)d ' , in not ponul'*io, ninco they arc* not canttiJiiud in cloned syotnmr but in direct contact with tho oiivironmcut . . * . (i) iy]*,i'ii,i'iHt_ni!'Lr.J!ttinj3..2il's .- -. The condition); uiu'oi' viiJ.cli thotio ollu fU'o used tiro odoli that thoi'c io ciintluiiouii oi.ilar.lon of ouinll qualltitl.ofl into tho environ milt. Thorn* e|i(ilJcatlona, not I'OinG eor.entlrl, aJiould be dincontinuod, ,, - . ,, . . . MOWS 041083 : tt7Vi:;!V/72.51 (11) 'ur.ticlde Use Tills use har: fortunately boon abandoned in west countries already; IT not, it should be banned vith immediate effect. Since a)l OECD countries veouira r-gistration of pesticides, such c measure can easily bt talcon under* existing legislation; (Hi) 2l5iicitcro The most important category by volunc of dissipetive use is in the field of plasticizers, ''hey are or have been used in most countries in c. wide variety of consumer products including paints, inks, copying paper, adhesives, sealants, plastic products, etc..., r.any " of uhich arc traded internationally. 'Oho major r.ppli' cations soon to be in the printing and paint industries. 0. Tht_)'rintin:; Industry : because of the risk of cor.ts.sinr.tiar. or_p5.per,"":Elra:''rftc;r recycling nay bo used, in food packaging, tho use of rChs in the printing industry shield be banned. " In viev; of the fact that printing inks can ;c produced vithout i'CIs end that in any ease the production represents a total value of only atout TO Billion in CCCP cc entries, such a treasure should; not cause serious cconor.ic d- .age. Assuring that copying paper is usually provided by the copying machine manufacturers (relatively fov and big coup! ties), any economic offsets should bo sacll. 10. The Taint Industry poses c. sonovhat diffoi ent problem. Over Jine"la'i ;"t'ecri'o7'"production has increased ' y 3.5 V. - 5 . annually r.nd the trend is rising in -else Oil 0 arse. Tire ever 2,000 million dollar `.'tst European print i..du_try alone accounts for some AO.! of the vorld output. Production is assured by a for large and a great many sr.a.ll companies (U.ii. = r'O, Italy ar.d Trance = 150 etc.). This picture suggests that an overall ban on PCbs in pa._;rts could have some economic conscoucnces. It appears, ho"over, that here used, (o.y. in stoving application:) TCi s constitute somethin like 3 - 10b of the paint, I'e-./ details ::u available in respect of tho mounts used in paints, ' r.t tailing one example: (Trance) vherc _ 250 tons rere used (1571) in a paint industry that produced somethin- like 7'0,000 ton;; of paint, presumably only 2500-5000 tons rov.ld contain Pel's. Considering in cudition that saa.ll paint ;u. nufeoturers .are generally highly specialised, and that the manufacturing'process vould not have to undergo a major change to replace the use cf PCIs, a ban or. `I'Clc aboaId not cause any serious disturbance. The use of TCTs ir. prints has, in fact, bean discontinued ir. ss.-c ccunyrics already, figures for production (0,'S3- ,110 to.io in 1055) and consumption (1,517,500 tens) ir. 0.0. covntrii.r .'.gain suggest that import of paints fro.;. r.sr.-O. 'rsi'*ucera. ;.ay bo of minor significance. MONS 041884 .. V - i!../i-:v/72.i>i 11. In orcx ticc, non? of the products v.'horo PCEs have been used ns pia: ticizcrs can be recovered. Unless the use is totally climin-tod, there '`ill be continuous emissions into the -nvin.r.ncnt duo to evaporation, insufficient incineration etc.. Uudyin;; by tho action already taken in several countries, substitutes cqa readily be found for the v.t.olc category of plasticizer .use of PCEs, v/hich should, therefore, be banned. 12. It follo'.'e fror. '.-hat hc.s been said r.'oovo that for adcruatc protection of health and environment, but also to avoid undue competition in international trade, agreement is necessary on allowed uses of PCEs. In order to ensure that . home production is not substituted by import, regulatory i action by governments through licencing or other nears, is * essential, 13. Kcasuros arc furthor necessary to ensv.rc collection of use;, material, safety in transport of raw PCEs, and assessment of substitute materials : a) In order to ensure collection of PCEs from all insta.jlrticna vhero their use uust continue, ;..cnufacturers ar.d/er i. porters should, be required to keep inventory of :li .-mounts supplied, recovered, regenerated and destroyjd. .'.ucb inventories must bo open to government inspection. b) /. ur.ifor.. labelling system, internationally rccoyr.isr'.I:, should be developed for use or. containers cf rev I'Ch as veil as an any equipment or product containing PCIs. c) Suppliers (i.c. manufacturers and importers) should further provide containers for tho tr:nsport of FC'."- cor.tTir.ir." liquids; such containers must mast thesafety specifications laid down for to::ie materials. d) Envelopment cf substitutes that arc less hazardous th:r. ;'CEs should '.:e> oncoura.yed, but in viev of the fact shat no syota.: for pre-market control of no'.: chemicals has been introduced, testing for environmental effects is so far entirely the responsibility of tho manufacturers. Information c:i replacement products should, therefore, be collected and reviewed. lii. It is proposed that the Sector Group submit to the Council of the Obih) tiie recommendations that all bomber Governments a) .aprec that re: :: be retained, for the fcllo'.-in;; categories cf use,but only ir. those applications ..here non-fla.;.tEility is essential s HQNS 041885 - - 111 ; I. I I I'llll.i;: for transformers large povcr factor correction capacitors certain small capacitors Heat transfer fluids other than installations for the processing of foods, drugs, feeds and veterinary products ' Hydraulic fluids in mining-equipment, and further agree that for these usos the folloving proce dures os established : (i) licencing of manufacturers and importers of bull: I'CEo "'so should be responsible for recovery, regeneration or edeouate incineration of surplus fluids, '.net, '.here possible, of small industrial capacitors; (ii) designating PC3s as toxic materials so os to establish - a. uniform labelling system for both rev PCEs and FCE-containing manufactured products, - safety specifications for containers; *:) agree that all other applications of VCT'-s be eliminated as aoon as possible, giving priority attention to : - heat transfer fluids in the food, pharmaceuticals, food and veterinary industries, - plasticizers for paints, inlcs, copying paper, adhesive sealants, ** - hydraulic liquids (other than in mining) and lubricating oils, ~ - V"cuva. pump fluids and cutting oils, - pesticide uses; c) request their industries to use as PCf replacements materials vhich pose r lo"cr hazard to human hoa.lth and the environment than do the PCEs; HUNS 041886 ;.Ti/;jKV/v2,5i ) briny uncle;' immediate suiveillance ell import or IM,ls, either a.a re.'. material or contained in aanufacturec products; ) exchange information at the oncl of 1973, 197- end 1375 Xi) amounts of rCffs, including.: ' amounts manufactured by PCD type amounts imported "" " amounts exported !l " amounts incinerated 11 " amounts consumed " " & by use (it) details of PCD replacements including : identification, total amounts for each chemical typo anc'. for each use, !:no\m toxicity c.ncl environmental hazard of each chemical type; (iii) details of incineration of surplus PCDs, ir.cluc'.in unr.i.~.ry of chemical analysis of incinerator '.r.'.iooior.t, . MQNS 041887