Document 2JnqO1kG4rKY11067MpYv782N

MINUTES OP MEETING ON PROPOSED PCB EFFLUENT STANDARDS February 28, 1974 Monsanto Company St. Louis, Mo. NEV 025264 738519 Chairman: Mr. W. B. Papageorge Manager, Product Acceptability Monsanto Industrial Chemicals Co. Objective: The purpose of the meeting was to share information, experiences and impressions to help each of the participating companies in taking appropriate actions which are mutually supportive and effective in persuading the Administration of EPA to modify the proposed PCB Effluent Standard. NEV 025265 738520 PARTICIPANTS PCB STANDARDS MEETING February 28, 1974 CERTIFIED BALLAST MANUFACTURERS Mr. N. R. Clark Universal Manufacturing Co. E.I.A. Mr. Arnold S. Doty Dr. E. M. Moore Mr. Rudy Carlson P. R. Mallory * Co., Inc. Electrical Utilities Co. Electrical Utilities Co. GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY Mr. James S. Nelson Mr. Stuart Rlchel Dr. Edward L. Simons JARD COMPANY, INC. Mr. Richard Rollins NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (NEMA) Mr. A* M. Salazar WESTINGHOUSE CORPORATION Mr. H. Sheppard Mr. N. H. Smith NEV 025266 738521 MONSANTO COMPANY P. G. Benignus H. S. Bergen D. B. Hosmer R. H. Munch W. B. Papageorge W. W. Withers C. Paton W. R. Richard J. R. Savage E. S. Tucker P. L . Wright -2- Market Manager Business Director Utilities and Environmental Protection Director Senior Science Fellow Manager, Product Acceptability Attorney Product Manager Manager, Research and Development Manager, Manufacturing Research Group Leader Manager, Toxicology NEV 025267 738522 AGENDA PCB EFFLUENT STANDARDS MEETING February 28, 1974 9:00 AM 9:10 AM 9:15 AM 9:45 AM 10:15 AM 10:30 AM 11:30 AM 12:00 Noon 12:30 PM 1:15 PM 2:00 PM 2:45 PM 3:00 PM 3:30 PM 4:00 PM 1. Welcome - H. S. Bergen 2. Introductory Remarks - W. B. Papageorge a* Brief Review of Proposed Standard be Critical Action Dates c . Objectives of Meeting 3. Discussion Topics a. PCB Characteristics - Realistic Deflnit chemical, physical, biodegradation b. Sampling and Analytical Methodology Break c Toxicity Acute Chronic d. Bioaccumulation - Biomagnlficatlon e. Dilution - Stream Size Lunch f. Proposed Effluent Standard g- Control at Manufacturing and Use Sites Current losses Background Break h. Economic Considerations 1 . Action Plans Adjourn NEV 025268 738523 MINUTES OF PCB EFFLUENT STANDARDS MEETING 1. Mr. Howard S. Bergen, Jr., Director, Specialty Products Business Group of Monsanto Industrial Chemicals Company, welcomed the participants. 2. Introduction - W. B. Papageorge Mr. Papageorge summarized the timetable past and future on toxic pollutants: July 6, 1973 - Toxic Pollutants list published September 7, 1973 - Final toxic pollutants list p u b lished including PCBs and 8 other chemical classes (e.g. cyanide, mercury, DDT, cadmium, etc.) December 27, 1973 Proposed Effluent Standards published January 18, 197^ Filing date for status as participant at proposed EPA Hear ing on Standards January 25, 197^ (l) Prehearing Conference with EPA (ii) NEMA, Monsanto, G.E. and Westinghouse recognized as participants. (lii) A total of 38 objectors e x pressed an interest. They represented industry or trade associations with the exception of the Michigan Water Research Commission and two powerful environmental groups (Environmental Defense Fund and National Resources Defense Council). (iv) Presiding officer made it clear that Hearings will be strictly for cross-examination of participants1 testimonies in affidavit form only. NEV 025269 738524 -2- March 15, 1974 Written testimony by 38 objectors to be submitted In affidavit form. April 8, 1974 Hearings open for cross-examination and rebuttal evidence. CN"/ Cd/Hg - first three. PCBs are 7th (third from l a s t ). Mid-May, 1974 Hearings completed. (Evenlngs/weekenda may be used.) June 25, 1974 Pinal standards published - effective In one year. It should be noted that others who are affected by these standards can still comment by March 25 to: Dr. C. Hugh Thompson, Chairman-Hazardous and Toxic Substances Regulation Task Force Office of Water Protection Agency, Environmental Protection Agency Washington D. C. 20460 Industry representatives still wishing to comment and who need more background information can contact any of the industry participants (see attached list) or Mr. W. B. Papageorge of Monsanto (314-694-4051). Mr. Rlchel (G.E.): (i) Made a plea for greater industry participation. Comments can still be made up to March 25 with sound excuse for tardiness. (ii) EPA at January 25 prehearing Conference were reluctant to expose themselves to cross-examination. Dr. Hugh Thompson to be available for cross-examination at Hearings. (ill) Many objectors had common interest (e.g. environmentalists). EPA suggested a common counsel for this group. (iv) On each of first 3 pollutants, EPA would offer 2 witnesses. Mr. Doty (P.R. Mallor y ) asked about bearing of economic factors on standards. Mr. Rlchel (G.E.) stated: (i) Law is clear-economic factors are not relevant in establishing standards. (il) EPA is somewhat of a split personality on this. The NV 025270 738525 Presiding Officer at the Prehearing Conference ruled that economics are relevant. NRDC (National Resources Defense Council) objected and was over-ruled. (ill) Industry can and should therefore introduce relevant economic data. EPA would be wise not to expressly refer to such data in the published standard otherwise NRDC could go to court and EPA over-ruled. Department of Commerce It was pointed out that Sidney R. Gallier, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Environmental Affairs at the Department of Commerce wrote Monsanto on January 15 asking their views on the proposed effluent standards. Copies of Dr. Gallier's letter and Monsanto's response were circulated at the meeting. Industry should contact the Dept, of Commerce. Their legal counsel (Mr. Morland) has been active on the side of industry in other environmental hearings. Mr. Salazar (NEMA) pointed out that the PCB Task Force had recommended a standard for PCBs of 0.01 ppb in the main body of water. (EPA was a member of that task force). ANSI C-119 proposes to use this Task Force recommendation and print this as a standard of 0.01 ppb in main body of water. M r. Sheppard (Westlnghouse) queried if plant effluent standards could be set to meet O.Ol ppb. Dr. Simons (Q.E.) said this implied an acceptance of ANSI C-119 by industry. There seemed to be some doubt on this. PCB Characteristics Dr. Tucker (Monsanto) presented hand-outs on: (a) Monsanto's proposed definition of PCBs (b) Comments on EPA's proposed analytical methodology (c) Monsanto's pre-publication paper on biodegradation of PCBs. (a) Definition of PCBs 1-4 chlorobiphenyls do not have long residence time. PCBs up to tetrachlorobiphenyl are not of concern on environmental persistence or biomagnification. Dr. Tucker proposed the following definition: NfcV 025271 738526 -4- "Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) means materials containing the biphenyl group which is chlorinated and which have been shown to persist and rapidly bioaccumulate in the aquatic environment. These chlorinated biphenyls are identified as those components having gas chromatographic retention times greater than 54, relative to p, p-DDE = 100, under the standard con ditions recommended in the EPA PCB test method." Mr. Sheppard (Westlnghouse) said Monsanto's proposed definition was relevant to persistence but was it relevant for standards directed toward toxic materials? Are persistent materials non toxic? Mr. Wright (Monsanto) stated the proposed effluent standard had two parts: (i) acute limits directed to toxicity of materials and specifically limits PCB concentrations on that basis. (ii) dally load in effluent - based solely on b i o magnification (relevant to persistence). Dr. Simons (O.E.) pointed out that section 307-A of the proposed standard refers to persistence as being a critical factor to be considered. Dr. Tucker (Monsanto) stated we were badly hurt if all PCBs are regarded as persistent and if biomagnification factors of 200,000 are used. Researchers other than Monsanto have found bacterial degradation of PCBs and that PCBs have been found to undergo metabolism in both aviarlan and mammalian animals. Mr. Nelson (O.E.) asked if proposed PCB definition would exclude Aroclor 1016. D r . Tucker (Monsanto) Aroclor 1016 would be excluded for the most part is lower than pentachlorobiphenyl). Aroclor 1242 would be excluded to 65# or better. Aroclor 1254 however would not be excluded. Mr. Papageorge (Monsanto) pointed out that of the factors listed as being critical in determining which pollutants made the EPA list of 9/7/73 only biomagnification appeared relevant to PCBs. Dr. Simons (G.E.) agreed. NEV 025272 738527 -5- Mr. Wright (Monsanto) stated that an acute toxicological level is defined in the BPA Basis & Purpose document as js 10 ppm (96 hour LC-50). He also believes that differences In toxicity among PCBs are minor until chlorinated as high as Aroclor 1260. Mr. Nelson (O.E.) stated that words should be used in a dis course on definition to properly screen us on acute toxicity. In reference to a comment that Aroclor 1254 would not be excluded by the proposed definition, Dr. Tucker (Monsanto) offered the opinion that transformer fluids were easier to re cover than capacitors. (b) Analytical Methodology Dr. Tucker (Monsanto) stated the EPA's proposed method for PCB analysis was being submitted to ASTM. He thought the method was well written and capable of detection to ppt (parts per trillion) but it was untried and the quantitative accuracy is in question. The method was not submitted for round-robin testing before EPA adopted it. Monsanto has found that by spiking distilled water with 500,000 ppt or 500 ppb of PCBs we get values for PCB that vary by 55#* The EPA, however, claims a capability of detecting absolute values at 50 ppt. The EPA method ignores interfering substances. Mr. Clark (Universal Manufacturing) said that with a proposed upper limit for PCB discharge of 5.0648 lb./day the sensitivity of the analytical method would vary "all over the lot" depending on the size of the water "reservoir" into which the PCBs dis charge. Mr. Sheppard (Westlnghouse) commented that if the analytical techniques on determining PCB levels are so difficult, how valid are the determination of toxic values for PCBs. Mr. Clark (Universal Manufacturing) asked if analytical techniques differentiate between different chlorine levels. Dr. Tucker (Monsanto) said it would depend on the PCB mixture"! Aroclor 1242 could probably be identified quantitatively in a mixture with Aroclor 1260 but addition of Aroclor 1254 to the mixture would prevent identification because Aroclor 1254 contains PCB homologs that overlap both Aroclor 1242 and 1260. Dr. Munch (Monsanto)said that the proposed EPA method does not use high resolution and hence handicaps identification of individual peaks. Dr. Simons (O.E.) mentioned that after EPA set automotive emission standards (NIOX) the analytical methodology was found faulty and the standards were delayed. In this case, EPA is not setting the effluent standard on analytical methodology but NEV 025273 738528 -6- on factors such as toxicity and persistence. The methodology is relevant in enforcement and monitoring. This then leads to the possible argument that the effluent standard is correct and Justified on the basis of toxicology et al, but is not enforceable due to lack of an accurate method for absolute value deter mination of PCB discharge. Mr. Riche1 (Q.E.) pointed out that EPA won't buy an answer to that argument which seeks to raise the effluent standard to a level that can be accurately measured. Mr. Savage (Monsanto) felt strongly, however, that this dilemma needed to be in the record. Others agreed. Dr. Tucker (Monsanto) said ASTM would hold a round-robin on the EPA method and that Monsanto would participate. He will send the name of the ASTM contact to the participants so that they can decide if they want to Join the round-robin test. Mr. Sheppard (Westinghouse) said he was not prepared to accept that the proposed EPA method for determining quantities and types of PCB in samples and animals was accurate enough so that toxic limits could be defined on the basis of PCB levels of question able accuracy. Toxicity Mr. Hosmer (Monsanto) stated that the original EPA publication on Water Quality Criteria came from a publication by McKee and Wolfe for the State of California. The McKee/Volfe volume was well done and EPA did not change much of it. There is now a new 2-volume EPA edition extracted from the work of 10 committees of the National Academy of Sciences, The toxicity of PCBs is related to salmon egg studies and Monsanto doubts the validity of this. Monsanto has made their feelings known to Dr. Thompson of EPA but he thought the criteria were sound. Since then Russell Train has been sued by NRDC and other groups on the grounds that the toxic pollutants list is not long enough and the proposed standards are too len ient. Mr. Wright (Monsanto) went through the rationale used by EPA in arriving at a P(iB discharge maximum of 0.0648 lb./day. He also showed how the standard could be changed and yet be consistent with published data on PCBs. Details follow. (a) PDA set arbritary proposed tolerances: 5 ppm in fish for human consumption 5 ppm in components for animal feed 0.5 ppm in complete animal feed NEV 02527* 738529 -7- (b) Monsanto would not disagree with these tolerances. (c) PDA has presented - acute toxicity limits (point sources) - chronic toxicity limits (daily load) Acute toxicity limits: 96 hour LC-50 studies for PCBs show: <~280 ppb in fresh water (bluegill) -- 10 ppb in coastal or seawater (pink shrimp/oysters) Published data based on materials leaving an outlet and going into a body of water. Acute limits have no direct relation to chronic limits. Chronic toxicity limits: The EPA equation is: Chronic limit X water flow rate X safety factor * gm/day discharge In Marine organisms the chronic limit is set as In fresh water the chronic limit has been determined by using 0.5 ppm as toxic limit for salmon eggs and a 200,000 bio- magnification factor. This gives a chronic limit of B,006 = -00^ PP The biomagnification level of 200,000 is based on unpublished data from Stalling & Meyer (Pish Pesticide Lab, U. S. Dept, of Interior, Col o m b i a , ^ . ; . Dr. Simons said that in response to repeated requests by G.E. to the Columbia Lab the only reference they have been given is a Stalling & Meyer paper presented in Carolina in 1971 and which contains no mention of a 200,000 factor. Mr. Wright (Monsanto) stated he has seen only one literature reference to an accumulation factor of ~ 200,000 and that was in the hepato pancreas of a pink shrimp. If the PCB level was calculated on the basis of the total shrimp then the accumulation factor was only 22,000. Other references give accumulation factors of 1000-75,000 for whole tissues of various fresh water organisms. Accordingly. Mr, Wright proposes that a blomagnlflcatlon factor of 30.0O0 and not 200.000 be used. He also proposes that we retain the chronic limit of 0.5 ppm with out debating the salmon egg issue. NEV 025275 738530 -8- This would lead to a discharge level for PCBs: 0.5 X 10,000 x 0.5 X 5.4 0.459 lb./day 30,OoO (flow rate) (safety factor) (conversion r-J <-> r c nn> y -- va ~ Into lb./ day) c >> ~* Th'lB compares to the proposed standard of 0.0648 lb./day. ;t 'j('' The safety factor comes from the EPA's Basis and Purpose document supporting the proposed effluent standards. It Is supposed to take account of non-point sources of PCBs and Is the same as 6 of the 9 toxic pollutants proposed for EPA standards. Monsanto's Medical Department feels this safety factor Is arbitrary and confers no real toxicological benefit. If deleted, the revised Wright PCB discharge level would be 0.918 lb./day. One of the most critical parts of the discharge equation Is the water flow rateT" A significant number of dielectric PCB manufacturers liave plants on rivers where the flow rate is under 100 cfs or 1% of the EPA cut-off flow of 10,000 cfs. Several plants discharge into sewage plants which in turn have treated liquid flowing into rivers or streams with very low flow rates. For a river with 100 cfs flow the EPA maximum discharge would drop to 0.000648 lb./day or 0.1b2 lb. in a 250 work-day year, Even a revised standard of 0.918 lb./day at 10,000 cfs would only be 0.00918 lb./day at 100 cfs or ~ 2.3 l b . per 250 work-day year. Clearly this is a staggering target to nave to meet. Mr. Doty (Mallory) pointed out that in the present language of the EPA standards municipal sewage systems are not considered point sources. Mr. Rlchel (g.E.) was of the opinion that where a plant dls- charged into a sewage system without treatment and hence into navigable waters the plant could have to comply with effluent standards on toxic pollutants. Mr. Papageorge (Monsanto) felt we should not be complacent and regard discharge to sewage plants being the answer to problems. Mr. Hosmer (Monsanto) stated that 10,000 cfs represents the largest flow the EPA will consider on the grounds that all industry would move to the largest river. The opposite of that argument is that it encourages small plants on every stream in the country. Mr. Sheppard (Westlnghouse) raised the issue of sedimentation. Since it appears that a l l t h e experiments to establish toxic values were run without sediment effects being considered, the real-life values were questioned. PCBs attach themselves to sediment. Furthermore the sediment moves down river and so PCB would be dispersed from the point source. It was pointed out by Dr. Richard (Monsanto) that Aroclor 1254 is soluble in water up to 50 ppb ana that in time partitioning between sediment and NfcV 025276 738531 -9- water* could take place. Mr. Wright (Monsanto) agreed that the discharge limits were extreme cases In the absence of sediment considerations and this was worth study and Incorporation Into arguments against the proposed level3~T " Dr. Simons (G.E.) queried whether we were correct in concen- tratlng our attacks on the criterion of toxic effects of mammals eating fish and ignoring the possible argument that fish per se must be protected. Mr. Wright (Monsanto) said the proposed standard say3 both. In salt water, standards are proposed that would protect the species that eat organisms containing PCB. In fresh water, if 0.5 ppm in salmon eggs correlates with < 5 ppm in salmon then we are protecting salmon. He also said that the chronic limits and biomagnification limits he was proposing would protect the species themselves. We should, however, beware of arguing for higher levels In fish because we could draw EPA and FDA Into conflict. The FDA levels in food, fish etc., are temporary tolerances and any arguments against their validity could lead to a reduction in these tolerances. Mr, Savage (Monsanto) queried whether raising the level in organisms could cause possible danger to predators. Dr. Simons (G.E.) quoted from page 39 of the Basis 4 Purposes document which states that the body burdens of birds and mammals should not Increase over present levels. Page 51 of the same document cites a Nat. Acad. Sci. report which gives 2.0 ppm PCB as tolerable level in flesh of whole fish. 2.0 = 0.1 ppm PCB 200,000 is given as tolerable level in water divided by a safety factor of 5 to give a maximum PCB concentration in water of 0.002 ppm. Thus EPA accepted 2 ppm PCB level in fish but got to water concentration of 0.002 ppm by using a high level of 200,000 for blomagnlfication and an arbitrary factor of 5. If we were to revise the proposed EPA standard by: (i) using 2.0 ppm as chronic limit in fresh water species instead of 0.5 ppmj (li) substituting 3,000 Instead of 200,000 for blomagnlfication factor; and (ill) ignoring safety factor of 0.5 then the maximum permissible discharge In lb. PCB per day would be: 2.0 v 10.000 v 5.4 -- 3.6 lb. XX N6V 025277 738532 -10- For the plant situation on a river with a flow of only 100 cfs the discharge would be O.O36 lb/day or 9.0 lb. per 250 work-day year. These levels are still far below the 5 lb./day given in ANSI C-107. It is therefore apparent that other aspects of PCBs must be highlighted in order to get away from PCB discharge levels as low as even our ''revised" proposals. Aspects to concentrate on are: (1) Definition of PCBs that excludes biodegradable homologs. This could exclude 90# or better of Aroclor 1016 and 65# or better of Aroclor 1242. On that basis, discharge levels would be as follows: PCB Type Any PCB Any PCB Aroclor 1016 Aroclor 1016 Aroclor 14 Aroclor 1242 O mOO 'oOO Stream Flow (cfs) 10,000 100 10,000 100 Discharge (lb.PCb equivalent/day) EPA Wright Simons/Wright 0.0648 0.000648 0.648 0.00648 0.194 0.0019 0.918 0.00918 9.18 0.0918 T7T5 0.027 3.6 0.036 357 0.36 '1 .8 0.10 (2) Try to change stream flows from the present value of the flow rate in cubic feet per second (cfs) expressed as the probable low rate occurring during a 7 consecutive day period once in 10 years at the effluent po'lnT--------- ---------- ----- ------------- ;--------- If the average flow rate over a period of time (to be agreed on) was used, the lowest flow rate in the equation could conceivably be raised by a factor of 10 from 100 to 1000. In the Simons/Vfright version for a standard the Aroclor 1016 discharge could be raised to 3*6 lb./day at 1000 cfs flow and Aroclor 1242 to 1.0 lb./ day at 1000 cfs flow. (3) Magnitude of PCB Point-Sources It is possible that EPA and environmentalists are totally misinformed on the number of plants still using PCBs. In the U.S. today there are: NEV 025278 738533 11 1 PCB manufacturing plant -- 18 capacitor plants using PCB ~ 2 7 transformer manufacturing plants using PCB In the past there were probably 1500-2500* plants using PCBs. Only 2-3# of these plants continue to use PCB today. * (Subject to closer checking if necessary) In the past -- 97/^ of plants using PCBs p u r c h a s e d ~ 4 0 million pounds of PCB per year. Monsanto's PCB sales policy has therefore - reduced number of using plants to -- 2-3% of previous total. - eliminated '-'40M lbs. PCB sales per year. The EPA standard would limit PCB discharge per plant to 0.0648 lb./day or <'-3.2 lb./day across the U.S. (*--50 plants). This equates to ~ 8 0 0 pounds in a 250 work-day year. Since fish have survived throughout the 40+ years that PCBs have been produced and widely used, the standard proposed by EPA seems far too drastic. Turning again to the Simons/Wright proposal we can estimate the effect In terms of annual PCB discharge into water across the U.S. at 1000 c f s : Discharge As Discharge (lb./day) No. Plants US Total per 250 days (p o u n d s ) As Persistent PCBs Discharge No. US (lb./day) Plants Total Any PCB Aroclor 1016 Aroclor 1242 Aroclor 1254 3.6 3.6 1.08 O .36 *1 900 18 16200 4 1080 23 2070 1.2 1 300 O .36 18 1620 O .36 4 360 O .36 23 2070 20.250 4350 * Plant is on river in excess of 10,000 cfs. Using this technique an argument can be made in favor of the ANSI C-107 proposal of 5.0 lb./day. NEV 025279 738534 -12- Proposed Effluent Standards Dr. Simons (G.E.) summarized the points he felt had to be dealt with In trying to change the proposed standard: 1. Higher persistence of higher PCBs versus alleged lower acute toxicity 2. Background levels of PCBs 3. Written testimony of participants and correlation Toxicity EPA Basis & Purpose document (page 50) states that 96 hour L C -50 to fish cannot adequately measure toxicity of PCB. Where is time demarcation between acute and chronic. Chronic effects can be either lethal or non-lethal. Why are PCBs on the list on toxic grounds? LD-50 for PCB is such that it is not considered toxic to humans. For protection of aquatic life the Nat. Aca. Scl. set a 96 hour LC-50 of 10 ppm or less. In proposing a definition for PCBs, Dr. Simons (G.E.) felt we should stress: (a) lack of persistence of homologs below tetrachlorobiphenyl. (b) chronic toxicity does not arise for the lower homologs because they are non-persistent. (c) ignore acute toxicity - no real differences between Aroclor 1016, 1242 and 1254. Participants need to consider: Do we have the best definition? In the tentative EPA analytical method we should take note that In the table on p.3-22, the percentage of PCB was not controlled. M r . Carlson (E,UC .) pointed out that in its present form the standard could saddle present PCB users with all other dis continued uses. Dr. Richard (Monsanto) pointed out that PDA and Boxboard Manufacturer's Association had agreed on a protocol that protected recycle paper users from Just such a situation. Mr. Bergen (Monsanto) asked that copies be circulated to participants. ~ NEV 023280 738535 -13- We need to word our definitions to exclude residuals. Participants should exchange proposed drafts on wording re garding residuals by March 7. 0. E. stated we should not approach the hearing on the basis that things can't be done. Rather take the proposed standard and point_out what it means in real life. In O.fe.'s case they use X M Ib./year and yet can't lost 0.5 drops per day. Stream flow rates make the matter worse. This is a point on which Dr. Thompson should be cross-examined. Of the participants present, 5 plants discharge into sewers with outlets into rivers (very small except in 2 cases). Three plants discharge Into small rivers. No one at the meeting could cope with the EPA standard as It Is proposed!- Only Jard expressed an opinion on what level they could live with. (Jard stated 27 lb. Aroclor 1016 per day. This would be 2.7 lb. PCB by our proposed definition.) 025281 738536 -14- Partlclpatlon at EPA Hearing Definite participation: Monsanto G E. Westinghouse Undecided: Electrical Utilities Jard NE MA No participation: Electronic Components Mallory Objectors of record could adopt non-responding company as witness. G.E.*s testimony will fall into the following areas: - Explanation of why PCBs are used Consequences of ban on customers - Inadequacy of EPA/Nat. Acad. Sci. statements - How standards would apply to G.E. - Inadequacies of the Standard - definition - methodology logic behind the standard Other contributory actions: - Involve Federal Energy Office (e.g. Aerovox letter on motor-run capacitor contribution to ease energy crisis.) - Involve F.E.O./other agencies along lines of petrochemical producers' PEG report. - Power Systems Group of IEEE will circulate a posi tion paper on PCBs (technical aspects) in the dielectric industry to Congress, EPA, FEO and Dept, of Commerce (target date: April). NEV 0252Q2 738537 -15- Action Plans 1. (w. B. Papageorge) Circulate to participants copies of FDA/Boxboard Manufacturers protocol on PCBs in recycle paper. 2. (Participants) Exchange drafts on testimony regarding PCB residuals/background levels with each other by March 7 (Monsanto contact should be W. B. P a p a g e o r g e .) 3. (Participants) Submit to W. B. Papageorge their thoughts on proposed PCB definition (to exclude 1-4 chlorine homologs). 4. (Participants) Communicate with each other on how best to handle sedimentation phenomenon (as raised by Mr. Sheppard of Westinghouse). 5. (E. S. Tucker) Send out name of ASTM contact for participation in round-robin on proposed EPA analytical method. 6. (Participants) Write to Dr. Galler of Commerce Dept. opposing EPA standards. (See Galler letter to Monsanto and Monsanto response.) 7. (Participants) Those who have not responded to EPA can still write Dr. Thompson by March 25. 8. (A. Salazar, NEMA) (a) Get feedback from Sangamo/McGraw Edison on the proposed standards. (b) Determine role NEMA will take on affidavits/testimony at EPA hearing. 9 . (W. B. Papageorge) Obtain PEG report and send to Mr. Nelson (G.E.). 10. (Participants) Involve P.E.O. in EPA Hearing along lines of Aerovox letter to Secretary S imon. NEV 025283 738538 GENERAL CONCLUSIONS II. RESIDUE FALL OFF RATE . * . INCREASED AS THE EXPOSURE LEVEL DECREASED . INCREASED AS THE DEGREE OF CHLORINATION OF THE PRODUCT FED DECREASED . AROCLOR 1242>AR0CL0R 1254>AR0CL0R 1260 . INCREASED AS RECOVERY PERIOD INCREASED . DOGS>CHICKENS N6V 026057 739312 # 7(1/0 Q A to c v /c . OQAc. zxp O 'S H ts.a /*/ S b /)o.e oiis- /? JAe / >/n -b set. I GENERAL CONCLUSIONS II. RESIDUE FALL OFF RATE . . INCREASED AS THE EXPOSURE LEVEL DECREASED . INCREASED AS THE DEGREE OF CHLORINATION OF THE PRODUCT FED DECREASED . AROCLOR 1242>AR0CL0R 1254>AR0CL0R 1260 . INCREASED AS RECOVERY PERIOD INCREASED . DOGS>CHICKENS V NEV 026059 739314 GENERAL CONCLUSIONS ALTERATION OF THE HOMOLOG DISTRIBUTION OF PRODUCTS FED' . INDEPENDENT OF EXPOSURE LEVEL . INDEPENDENT OF EXPOSURE PERIOD . HIGHER CHLORINATED HOMOLOGS DOMINANTLY RETAINED (PENTA-, HEXA-, HEPTA-, OCTACHLORO BIPHENYLS) . DOGS>RATS>CHICKENS>FISH* . INCREASED AS DEGREE OF CHLORINATION OF PRODUCT FED DECREASED AROCLOR 1221>AR0CL0R 1242>AR0CL0R 1254 >AROCLOR 1260 DISTRIBUTION UNALTERED BY FISH NEV 026060 739315 RESIDUE STUDY OF AROCLOR 1242 IN UHITE LEGHORN CHICKENS 026061 739316 ORAL EXPOSURE LEVEL PPM PCBs* 12 1 10 100 - HOMOLOG DISTRIBUTION 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 RESIDUE, IF TOTAL 126 1260 12602` - (2) (3) (4) (5) 6 FED RETAINED . RESIDUE, 12 WEEK EXPOSURE 14 136 1312 (3) (4) (5) 6 RESIDUE, 30 DAY RECOVERY 9 77 749 (3) (4) (5) (6) AVERAGE PPM IN LIPID - ALL TISSUES ( ) ELECTRON CAPTURE PEAKS GREATER THAN 5Z OF TOTAL RESIDUE STUDY OF AROCLOR 1254 IN WHITE LEGHORN .CHICKENS t ORAL EXPOSURE LEVEL PPM PCBs* 1 10 100 --- . HOMOLOG DISTRIBUTION ........ ....... .............................. ........... .1 .. 2 . 3 .. 4 . 5 6 7 8 ...... . 9 10 RESIDUE, IF TOTAL . 126 1260 12602 - - 3 (4) (5) (6) 7 FED RETAINED RESIDUE, 12 WEEK EXPOSURE 38 362 3506 - - - 4 (S) (6) 7 - RESIDUE, 30 DAY RECOVERY 17 164 1580 - - - . S (6) 7 - *AVERAGE.PPM IN LIPID - ALL TISSUES < )ELECTRON CAPTURE PEARS GREATER THAN 5Z OF TOTAL } *// >i CO CO CO zm 026062 NEV 026063 in * co 739318 RESIDUE STUDY OF AROCLOR 1260 . WHITE LEGHORN CHICKENS ' . HOMOLOG DISTRIBUTION / _________________________________ ____ PPM PCBs* 1.2. . 6 .7 .8 9 10 ORAL EXPOSURE LEVEL / T "" v " 1 10 100 RESIDUE, IF TOTAL 126 1260 12602 FEO RETAINED - - (5) (6) (7) 8 - - RESIDUE, 12 WEEK EXPOSURE 65 607 5909 - - 5 (6) (7) 8 - RESIDUE, 30 DAY RECOVERY 26 232 2363 -- 5 (6) (7) 8 .- - *. AVERAGE PPM IN LIPID - ALL TISSUES ( )ELECTRON CAPTURE PEAKS GREATER THAN 5Z OF TOTAL ;/ i A