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PAaDr-tA21i 5" o 0f 012THE INSTALLATION RESTORATION PROGRAM TOXICOLOGY GUIDE
Volume 4
ADA215002
ADA215002
by
BiomediHcOaeOlaaalkatknhRdRaidEnidgdngeve,SiraTNofeenantmtyinoeeRnnsatesalesleeLaIa3rnbc7fhoo8rr3aDm1t-ioa6vrt0iiyso5*ino0nAnalysis
for
Harry G. Armstrong Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory Aerospace Medical Division
Wright-PatAteirrsoFnorAceirSFyostrecme sBCasoem, mOaHnd45433-6573
Under
DOE Interagency Agreement No. 1891-A076-A1
( REPRODUCED BY
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U S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
NATIONAL TECHNICAL
INFORMATION SERVICE
J' ^ SPRINGFIELD, VA 22161
*Operated by MarutinndMeraCneotntitTraEctneNrgoy. DSyEsteAmCs0, 5I-n8c4.,0Rfo2r1t4h0e0.U.S. Department of Energy
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PREFACE 7^"tOonperoovfidtheeinodbijveicdtuivaelss roefspthoensUib.lSe. fAorirtFheormceanInagsteamllaentitonanRdesimtoprlaetmioenntPartoiognraomf t(hIRePI)RPis
/wwcsBATMafouoniahieuopnetdsrehrdctpoahipelusvciminernpeapomovsfalliduondiciraRarmauceotmsatceenseilMedsooasmde^nTctaeviiewooadruononxhctinltfecuhiiadccdatmdloeholLrrlwieiRonawenscigfbvetkoeoyhoaosirnrenlrfemuBtaUagrtarrtaaihSowctnatceerAhniitatoyciFTttnaFLhehwlor,3aleifaxyn3boTssihs6rocuiotseo1rrpaxseaale5lpuiaolltqc-taelocg8uihdthryeH1ieyso-sha.iGDpntn-za(eosA-uazd.t0T1arieA5ddr9lnljT0d>e8Msety8sh5iiDaH-Rifnas1bliicaLsQ9vycIlrs8iu)oRrosA,7dynicUPo.reiWtanGtaShtT,nmTAre.ueiodHhigFrAwxneha/irwaDScrtmrno-roGi.PetrtylshgioPaLtgourGgtAiiatoflnytea.ctnvardltttAGgelousro,orairuTAnynmlIdikondeoersxAicrenvrtei.orFcqgecsopfolBuopoonwloinro,pagrtagseecOttiynmehehsHtrteeeiGsaan.lulottshifde / / pRHanriaoddzdgarueredccNesedanDttuiilovynnidspaieulornbLa,liansAbhoIAenrdMatettorRoarxLygiec,(no8Wlc7oy-grTiyAHghgi-nOtr-feOPoeraQmmt2tee)anrtftsiooowrnn.ittAhhTeFthBhHe,eaOuzUapHr.dSd.a.tAeDdsespTeasosrxmtmiceoenlntotgByorfaGnEucnhide,reTgywo,xaisOcak
sebpaFtnreaoaecftrtaohousrwues;earaacnayahrgospe,epcdatolhotyutextietomnilmciginirtpceeycatad,hldw.esiamnatmTshitchephmaleeliIa-nnsmdIgptReraeaoPtctnediofrduTiiccapoatlrxiinoonpiavncfrloioyodrltsvoeomiisgdaaVyemtdicoGoeolntuiumhs.miodpidnCeerst,eIee1h7tnaehond)nedfesdietsvhnt--eaaevstirreIeaoRvnanPinemodwTve.enforetxvadUiliecesroewfalaroltsgoery,faergekGexuepulyaoitdtsooeurpryiec CfUCoaoSrnnwAdsaFuirdldtaOaetdneEtHctshhLerero/mvEuiiCgccehaOlfsM,orBfAorcrJouCoirnkrOcesMlnuAtsiFtbooBinox,eiicnTnovXlsiorugo7binc8sam2elq3e5uinn-et5fnao0ltr0meT0n.aogtxiiioncneoelosrhsgoytuoGldHuibQdeeUoubSptAadiaFnte/eSdsGsfhProoAmuldthbee PTeSN2TInn2uaeoaf1cbctxtoto6hisireouc1tnmrano.risnaclaaooatlgtnFigilaeoTeydlAIndenGeecFtfCfrhoouBfanoeril,rdnrmicetOteGapaewlrtHowoi,vraoIatensCn4srf5aamoncC4pmruma3pemred3nearrae-nrteo6teentin5rtnoto7antsS3aghadtn.eSsoaindsesutcucrCiloirrvrdeoneeeiscplp,dietaiaaAieshbrnn,salelcdeet5cioxte2ttafas8hhrnt5teeeodhtiqrrrihPisuineeaocefdr,rosotrottnriVosmcmtRrurAfseaaomoctyrto2ietoao2ofncln3roAtps1RpcuAa4rioobr.eMeanelsgidtciRaa,tsaoivtLtnS:eaioepr/iDTldenradiH.ebnifnlAgweeUfn,iittsfeshhreWleoderm,sDrTi:VgeeafhcrAehetn-nsiecal
11
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
DmF(AueaAnfnedaMnignseRgerLfEf/ooTnrrHvtithrBhoie,snWmoprrePiognjAitenaFcaltBlRw,veaoOssltuHopmr)raeoatsvinoioddnfedtAthhecbecytoTeuHconhQxtni,cicUoPalrSoloAggmyrFoa/GnmLiuEtioEdErleVewmwaaaesnnsdMtMo7aar8jroi0gir0liyn0Mna8tFiEec.dh. aGPferrleooomLgr.rgatehme viSWFnehorPressculAiloepeFnypSBoyo(,rAsfttOeAtomhHMfes)tRhTCae1ono/xdmTAicHmiMorlaBaoFnj,goodyrrW,cGMHePuuAiIcimnFdhseBaatane,wlllOSaeLrytHiesot)SneJ.hmeRefTsflelrhesDeyetyoi.vrpWiarsTtoi.oihgoFnirnsa'issmGhPHerurmoei,gdaarlPentahhamis.gDE.ea.rf,sfpe(rcfAootsArduMRtchetiRssoeLuaf/rpTtcdhHhaetAeeAdf,fiorrt
cTohnetrOibauktioRnisdgaereNaastifoonllaolwLs:aboratory (ORNL) staff responsible for technical
Principal Investigator: Po-Yung Lu, Ph.D.
Task Coordinators: MRRooabbryeerrWtt HA. ..FYrRaoonuscsni,sg,M,MP.S.hS...D.
Professional Staff:
GMLKRERiloeooanirszwsrdrmaeyaeybtaTWehSLrt.ai.h..eHDHADLAaao.a.a.nuusDEfF,lgobatahrPnevuedrihirsed,g.ttrDs,,yB,o,.BP.nMSM.h,S...S..DPS.h.. .D. JPDBFeaaeontytnrtniyMecKtiWataiarlg.StiPo.Knr.,HelHi,PnouvMhe,at.Ds.tSBot.e.n.Sr,. M.S.
DKHRBLRSRBLCRylioiaeooaooemazllnmtvbblssnaheieaeVneeacinylrrliMaolSsStteSCMnB...E.MAH..WWR.R.TH..P.MTaRoaaeaaYRmOsthlalolimse,locovirspeobecusegePa,rnsiesrynag,ehs,,rB,,ngeesr.MB.kDM,n,,BPySo.,,..B.Ph.PS.SS,SP..hM.h..DS.P.h..DD..h.SD....D. .
PDuabtalicPartioocnesSsitnafgf/:
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JJCuaandryeotlyOHn..CMS.cySonteatattborn KLeaereAnnAn. WWielsaovner
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ECxotmermniatltePe:eer Review RVCCoohiclgeuememrPlabrAwue.ssni,YdSOeeenaHrtrv,yi4,Hc3eDe2sa.3Vl5t.hMa.,ndCoS-aCfehtayirman RCPCRDihuoiosrcaltbelgaieecretgrtmarotewsarS,anoUny,fTny,TPhdiNvhheeeJraerJ,rs0omDiP8tinyeha8ptc.5Dya5P,r.-,rt0BomC7gu8eors9na-cCmht hoCaifniarPmmThpoaaunxrsimcoalcooglyogy and Toxicology TJIHWneoafsrxzftiriaagcelrhlydatH-tWPiaAozasn.atstrFeeRdsrissseshmosDetneorin,rvAatiPsitriBhioo.rnFnDaon.PrccrheogBraamse,MOaHna4g5er433-6573 DACUahsnsvaiovipdceerilaJsti.HteyHilCloo,hlfbNaNriCroomor2kat7hn,5,PC9Ch9a.u-rD7ro2r.lii6nc0ualum in Toxicology RCC12oh.3naEspGvueelrltreaHeentnittll,LMaNenCagdfoo2rw7d5,1L4Pa-hn4.2eD0.1, C.I.H., C.H.W.S. JSOUWee.fnaScftnis.cihioeEfinennorgvCftOiorhDnorir,menifmDn,ek,CeHinMnet2gaa.0SllWt4.hP6ar0EtoetfrefecctitosnAAssgeesnsmcyent
I I
IV
THE INSTALLATION RESTTOABRLAETIOOFNCPORNOTGERNATMS TOXICOLOGY GUIDE
Volume 1
Page
ALLIPniircsstkrettofnoodaoffucwcTFetl.iaie.go.bd.un.l.gre.e.es.s.m.......e........n........t........s.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... iix1xiiviii
1.1 11In..11s..t12allaTOthivoeenrIvnRiesewtsatlola.r.ta.i.ot..in.o..n.R...Pe..sr.to.o.g.r.r.a.a.t.mi.o..n.....P.....r...o....g....r...a...m..........T......o....x...i...c..o...l...o...g....y........G........u......i..d......e........................................................ 311
1.2 1111F....a2222c....1342torEHSEsanxuTmpvmhiopraaslotuninnrImgeHmeaepPnanaatldctaththlAwWFCnaaayaotlstenyesrsoii.sd.fQ.C.e.ur..o..aa..n..lt..i..tit..oay....nm....as..n..i....nd......a......Wn........t....as.......t....e.......r.............Q............u........a........l...i...t...y............R........e....g......u.......l....a......t....i...o......n......s........................................... 21166648
1.3 11A1...333sp...312ectRUSspinsoeckcfeirfRMticaisaikAnntpaAiepgssrseoeamasnscdemhneAetsn.s.ts.t./uo.R.m..iR.sp.ki.ts..ik.oM..n.A.a.on.s..saf.e.g.Rs.e.smi.sm..ke..en.A.nt..ts.I..s..me....s..p.s...ml..e....m.e...n..e..t..n....t.P..a...rt....io..o..c..n..e....s....s......e......s................................... 33223589
1.4 U.S. Regulatory Status ...................................................................... .. 36
1.5 European CommunityDirectives .........................................
52
List of Abbreviations, Acronyms, Terms and Symbols...................................... AB-1
Chemical Records
111111234567891135240 DTDCCCM11V11111,,a,rh,,,,iiih1211e122bnbirl--t,cl,o---rby2DDr1hoDDDhrolo,o-yrii2olmnTiiiccmoClo-fcccehhTorroehhhTnohllriometooclllecmehQltooorrhhotrerrraoorClautrlooooaeehnocoihrttepce.hadrerhh.ohtlt.ronI.oeo.hhaae.loo.me.mo..rnntyy.r..ph.r.i.eeol.le..deia.eea..ed.t.t..nne.nn...thh.e...h.....eee..ea....a....a.............n.n.......n...................e..e......e............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................-..........10511111--964872311524311-------------1111111111111 16 Trichloroethylene................................................................................................... 16-1
V
Volume 1 (Conti
'Appendix 1 AUisrefFuolrHceanDdobcouomkse,nDtsat..a..b..o..o..k..s..,..R...e..s..p..o..n..s..e...G...u..i.d...e.s....a.n..d........................ A-l
Appendix 2 RUe.Sst.oArairtioFnorPcreoPgroainmts o...f...C..o..n..t..a..c.t...f..o.r....t.h..e....I.n..s..t.a..l.l.a..t.i.o..n......................... A-17
Appendix 3 Math, Conversions, and Equivalents................. .............................. A-20
Appendix 4 State Water Quality Agencies and Contacts..................................... A-22
Index 1 Cross Index of Chemical, Common and Trivial Names .................. 1-1
Index 2 Molecular Formula Index ....................................
1-24
Index 3 CAS Number Index.............................................................................. 1-29
Index 4 NIOSH Number Index......................................................................... 1-31
Index 5 Quick Index ...............................................................
1-34
Volume 2
ALLiicssktt noooffwTAlabebbdlrgeeesvmia.et.in..o.tn.s..s...,.....A.....c....r...o....n....y....m......s..,......T....e....r...m......s......a....n....d.......S....y...m.......b....o....l.s............................................................................................................................................ AixiB-1
Chemical Records
1178
TBeetnrzaecnhelor.o..e.t..h..y..l.e..n..e......................................... ..
. ....-.3.............................. ................
.
17-1 18-1
2109 TEtohluylenBeenz..e.n...e..............................................................................................................................2109--11
22222221723456 2X2C111,,,,,y4h6342-l-l---eDDoDDDnriiiemiioncccbhhhiettJe.llr.hoono.o.yrr.rzt.loooo.ep.bblb.nh.uee.eee.enn.n.n.n..zz.oz..e.eee.l....nnn........e.e.e...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................27222222-2436115------111111
p
vi
Volume 2 (ConL)
333323323132564809 NNPBNDDD1,hi-a-iii2s-eNN(ep,(n2t4n2ihih--t-t-oBeytrTrchltoluohrhasstilPoyylcoo.e.dhhllrd.nh.tioli.Pmoehep.e.rxaht.he.obyl.teta.b.yhlh..nt)..elye..pay)n..le..lhla..zata...meth..r..thn...eae.i..ae.r..ni....nl....e.a...e......t.........e................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 333333322024613589---------111111111
Appendix 1 AUisrefFuolrHceanDdobcouokms,eDntast.a..b..o..o..k..s.,...R...e..s.p...o..n..s.e....G...u..i.d..e..s...a. n..d..............
A-l
Appendix 2 U.S. Air Force Points of Contact for the Installation Restoration Program............................................................................. A-17
Appendix 3 Math, Conversions, and Equivalents .................................................. A-20
Appendix 4 State Water Quality Agencies and Contacts..................................... A-22
Index 1 Cross Index of Chemical, Common and Trivial Names . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Index 2 Molecular Formula Index ....................................................... .. : 1-24
Index 3 CAS Number Index ........... .. .............................................................. 1-29
Index 4 NIOSH Number Index ......................................................................... 1-31
Index 5 Quick Index............................................................................................ 1-34
Volume 3 ALLiicssktt noooffwTFlaiegbdulgeresems..e....n....t...s....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................xvxiiiiiii List of Abbreviations, Acronyms, Terms and Symbols ..................................... .. AB-1 Chemical Records 3378 2O,6-C-Dhilcohrlooprhopenhoeln..o..I......................................................................................................................3378--11 344190 PAMecenettthaoycnlheElotrh.o.y.p.l.h..Ke..n.e.ot..ol..n..e............................................................................................................................................................344910---111
vu
44444445723846 BCEMELBuittrhenhhottldyyymholallyreeonBlnndceeeehCan.ln.eoGDz..lery.lil.oo.lby...ms.cr.P.o.oo...ehl.lm.v.t.t..heh..i...da..a....ne..l...a.e.....t......e.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................44444442735648-------1111111 455555139024 ATTDMSoerOiadtaorlicazCaultiemohnPtriho.o.Cynn..lh..L.r1...o...e0...m.a1......d6..a....,..t....e..1........2..........4..........2.......,..............1..........2..........5.........4.........,............1........2........6.....0.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................4.9555553-10421-----11111
Appendix 1 AUisrefFuolrHceanDdobcouomkse,nDtsat.a..b..o..o..k..s..,..R...e..s..p..o..n..s..e...G...u...i.d..e..s...a.n..d......................... A-l
Appendix 2 RUe.Ss.toArairtioFnoPrcreogProaimnt.s...o..f...C...o.n...t.a..c.t....f.o..r...t.h..e....I.n..s.t.a..l.l.a..t..i.o.n.......................... A-17
Appendix 3 Math, Conversions, and Equivalents .................................................. A-20
Appendix 4 State Water Quality Agencies and Contacts.......................... A-22
Index 1 Cross Index of Chemical, Common and Trivial Names..................... 1-1
Index 2 Molecular Formula Index ..............................
1-24
Index 3 CAS Number Index .............................................................................. 1-29
Index 4 NIOSH Number Index ...................................................................... . 1-31
Index 5 Quick Index.........................
1-34
Volume 4
LALLiiicssstktt noooofffwTAFlabiegbbdulrgeersevemisa..et..i..n..o..tn..s....s....,.......A........c......r....o......n......y......m.........s.....,.......T........e.....r.....m.........s........a....n....d........S....y....m......b....o....l..s....................................................................... ..
ii AB-1
Chemical Records
55557568 DHCDyDDydaTDrnaizdi..n.e...e..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
55558765----1111
xix
Vili
665666132490 J2222DP,,,,4434D-,,-,4557ED--,(T8TJ-PeT....t..e......t.F....r....u....a....e...c...l..h......4.l...o..)....r......o.......d........i....b..........e......n...........z.....o........-........p........-....d............i....o........x........i....n.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................666665410239------111111 666667678509 SMFSHAytuyuoinendtdtloerdhmarOaeautrollidiictlcBisvSCaF.e.osr.l.leuaG.v.in.edCa.kn.s.rct.oa.a.l.n.si...nek......ec...O...a......s....ei......l.........O...............i.....l.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................666667968507------111111
Appendix 1 AUisrefFuolrHceanDdobcouokms,enDtast.a..b...o.o..k...s.,...R...e..s.p..o..n...s.e....G...u..i.d..e..s...a..n..d........................ A-l
Appendix 2 RUe.Sst.oArairtioFnorPceroPgroainmts o..f...C...o..n..t.a..c..t...f.o..r...t..h..e...I..n..s.t..a.l..l.a.t..i.o..n................. A-l7
Appendix 3 Math, Convenions, and Equivalents.................................................. A-20
Appendix 4 State Water Quality Agencies and Contacts................................ ` . A-22
Index 1 Cross Index of Chemical, Common and Trivial Names . . . . . . . . 1-1
Index 2 Molecular Formula Index ...........................................
1-24
Index 3 CAS Number Index.............................................................................. 1-29
Index 4 NIOSH Number Index..................
1-31
Index 5 Quick Index . ...............
1-34
ix
LIST OF TABLES Volume 1
Table Page 1 CPahtehmwiacyasl Pr..o..p..e..r..t.y...C...l.a..s..s.i.f.i.c..a..t.i.o..n..s...a..n..d....R...e..l.e.v..a..n...t...E..x..p..o..s..u..r.e................. 15 1-1 EMquoidlieblriEunmviProanrmtiteionntsing...C..a..l.c..u..l.a..t.i.o..n..s...f..o..r...M....e.t..h..y..l.e..n..e...C...h..l.o..r..i.d..e...i.n........ 1-13 2-1 EinquMilibodrieulmEnPvairrtoitnimoneinntgs Ca..l.c..u..l.a..t.i.o..n..s...f.o..r...D...i.b..r.o..m...o..m....e.t..h..a..n..e................ 2-9 3-1 EDqiubirliobmrioucmhloPraormtiteiothnainnge CinalMcuoladteilonEsnfvoirronments.............................. 3-10 4-1 EEqnuviliirborniummenPtsart.i.t.i.o..n..i.n..g....C...a..l.c.u..l..a.t..i.o..n..s...f.o..r...C...h.l.o..r..o..f.o..r..m....i.n...M....o..d..e..l........ 4-13 4-2 Equilibrium Partitioning Calculations for Sediments and Soils . . . 4-15 5-1 ETqruicihlilborrioufmluoPraormtiteitohnainneg iCnaMlcuoldaetilonEsnvfoirronments .............................. 5-12 6-1 ETqeutrilaibchriluomridPeairntitMioondinegl ECnavlciurloantimonesntfso.r...C...a..r.b...o.n....................... . 6-14 7-1 ECqhuliolriboreituhmanPeairntitMioondinegl ECnavlciruolantmioennstsfor............................................ 7-10 8-1 E1q.1u-ilibDriicuhmlorPoaertthitaionneining CMaoldcuellaEtionnvsirofonrments ------- ---------- ------- 8-11 9-1 E1q.2u-ilibDriicuhmlorPoaertthitaionneinign CMaolcduellatEionnvsirfoonrments.................................. 9-13 10-1 E1q,1u,i1li-bTrriiucmhloPraorettihtiaonneinign CMaolcduellatEionnvsirfoonrments ................................ 10-12
X
LIST OF TABLES Volume 1 fCont.l Table Page 10-2 RinetRairvdeartiSoendiFmaecntotrssafnodr S1o,1il,s1-T. r..i.c..h..l.o..r..o.e..t.h..a..n..e......................... .......... 10-13 11-1 EE1,qn1uv,2iilr,i2ob-nrTimuetmernatPcsh.a.l.r.ot.r.i.to.i.oe..tn.h.i.na..gn..e..C..ia.n.l.c.M.u..l.oa..dt.i.eo..ln..s....f.o..r.............................. . . . . . . . 11-11 12-1 E1,q2u-DiliibcrhiluomropPraorptiatnioeniinngMCoadlceullaEtniovnirsofnomr ents . . . . . . . . . . .......... 12-11 13-1 VEqinuyillibCrhiulomridPearitnitiMonoidnegl CEanlcvuirlaotniomnsenfotsr.......................... .. . .......... 13-13 13-2 SSupmramguarey-DoafwVleiynyRl aCtshlaotritdhee-CLoorwreelsatteEdffTeuctmivoersDino s e .......... .......... 13-18 14-1 E1,q1u-DiliibcrhiluomroePtahrytlietinoeniinngMCoadlceullaEtinovnisrofonrments....................... .......... 14-11 15-1 EaEnqnduviiTlriobrnarminusmen1t,Ps2a-Dr.tiic.thi.oIn.o..ir.n.o.g.e.t.C.h..ya..ll.ec.n.u..el.a..ti.in.o..n.M.s..o.f.do..r.e.l..C..i.s........................... .......... 15-14 16-1 TErqiucihlilborriouemthyPlaernteitiionniMngodCeallcEunlavtirioonnsmfeonrts .................... . . . . . 16-12
Volume 2
17-1 ETqeturialicbhrliourmoePthayrlteitnioeniinngMCoadleclulEatniovnirsofnorments....................... .......... 17-13 18-1 EBqenuizleibnreiuimn MPaordtietlioEnninvgirConamlceunlattio.n..s...f.o..r................................. .......... 18-12 19-1 TEqouluileibnreiuimn MPaordteitlioEnninvgiroCnamlceunltastio.n..s...f.o..r................................. .......... 19-11 20-1 EEqthuyillibBreiunmzenPearitnitiMonoidngel CEanlcvuirlaotniomnsenfotsr............................... .......... 20-10 21-1 EXqyuleilniberiinumMPodaretlitEionnvinigroCnamlceunlatsti.o..n..s...f..o..r................................. .......... 21-15
XI
LIST OF TABLES
Volume 2 fCont.l Table
21-2 Xylene Isomers in Ground Water .............
21-18
22-1 2E,q4u-DiliibmreiuthmylPpahretnitoiol niningMCodaelcluElantivoinrosnfmorents 23-1 2E,q6u-DiliibnriiturmotoPluaerntietioinninMgoCdeallcEulnavtiiroonnsmfoernts
22-8
23-9
24-1 ECqhuloilriborbieunmzePnaertinitioMnoindgelCEanlcvuirlaotniomnesnftosr
24-13
25-1 E1q.2u-ilibDriicuhmlorPoabretintizoennineginCMalcoudlaeltioEnnsvfiorronments................................ 25-12
26-1 E1q.3u-ilibDriicuhmlorPoabrteintizoennineginCMalcoudlealtioEnnsvfiorronments........................ 26-11
27-1 E1q.4u-ilibDriicuhmlorPoabrteintizoennineginCMalcoudlealtioEnnsvfiorronments................................ 27-12
27-2 RinetRarivdeartioSnedFimacetnotrss afnord 1A,4q-uDifiecrhlMoraobteernizaelns.e....................................... 27-14
28-1 Equilibrium Partitioning Calculations for E1.n2v.4ir-onTmreicnhtlsoro...b..e.n...z.e..n..e....i.n...M....o..d..e..l....................................................... 28-11
29-1 EfoqruiDlibiertihuyml PPharthtiatiloanteinign CMaolcduellatEionnvsironments ................................ 29-10
30-1 EDqiu-nil-iBbruituyml PPhatrhtaitliaotneining MCaoldcuellaEtinonvisrofonrments
30-10
LIST OF TABLES
XU
Volume 2 fCont-l
Table Page
31-1 DEqi(u2i-leibthriyulmhexPyalr)ptihtitohnailnagteCianlcMuloadtieolnsEnfovrironments .......... ............. 31-11
32-1 ENqaupihlitbhraiulemnePianrtMitioodneinlgECnvailrcounlamtieonntss for.......................... . .......... . 32-10
33,1 EBqisu(2il-icbhriluomroePtharytli)teitohneinrginCMalcoudlealtioEnnsvifroornments . . . . . . . ............. 33-11
34-1 NEq-NuiiltirborsioudmimPeatrhtyitliaomniinnge CinalMcuoldateilonEsnvfoirronments . . . . . . ............. 34-9
35-1 NEq-NuiiltirborsioudmipPhaerntyitlaiomniinnge iCnalMcuoldateilonEsnvfoirronments ............. ............. 35-9
35-2 CinarEcxinpoergiemniecnittyalDAantiamfaolrs N. -..N...i.t.r..o..s.o..d.i.p...h..e..n..y..la..m...i.n..e................ ............. 35-13
36-1 EinquMiloibdreilumEnPvairrotnitmioennintsg C..a..l.c.u...l.a.t..i.o.n..s...f.o..r...P...h..e.n..o..l......... .. . . ............ 36-15
36-2 Soil Adsorption Constants Reported for Phenol............... . . . . . . 36-17
Volume 3
Table Page
37-1 EOq-uCihlilborrioupmhePnaorltiitnionMinogdeCl aElcnuvliartoionnmsenfotrs ............................ .......... 37-13
38-1 2E,q6u-DiliibcrhiluomropPhaerntiotilonininMg oCdaelcluElantvioirnosnmforents ....................... _____ 38-13
39-1 EPeqnutilaicbhriluomropPhaerntoitlioinninMg oCdaellcuElantvioirnosnfmorents...................... .......... 39-19
40-1 EAqcueitloibnreiuimn MPaordteitlioEnninvgirCoanlmcuelanttiso.n..s...f.o..r............................... .......... 40-9
40-2 Permeability of Acetone in Three Clay-sites .................... .......... 40-11
XU1
Table 41-1 .42-1 43-1 44-1 45-1 46- 1 46- 2 47- 1 47- 2 48- 1 49-1 50-1 50-2
LIST OF TABLES Volume 3 (Cont.l
Page EMquetihliyblriEumthyPlaKrteittioonneinignCMalocduelaltEionnvsirfoonrments . ......................... 41-11 EMqeutihliyblriCuemlloPsaorlvtietioniinngMCoadleclulEatnivoinrsonfomren'ts ................................ 42-9 EEqtuhiylilbernieumGlPycaorltitinionMinogdeClaElcnuvlairtioonnms efnotrs ....................................... 43-2 EBqruoimliborcihumloroPmarettithiaonneinginCMalocduelaltiEonnsvifroornments.............................. 44-9 EEqtuhiylilbernieumDiPbraortmitiidoenining MCaoldceullaEtinonvsirfoonrments................................ 45-12 EBquutiyllibBrieunmzyPl aPrhtitthioanlaitnegiCnaMlcuoldaetlioEnsnvfiorronments ........................... 46-9 Biodegradation of Butyl Benzyl Phthalate........... .......................... 46-11 ELqiunidliabnreiuimn MPaordtietlioEninnvgirConamlcuenlattsion..s...f.o..r............................................ 47-13 Freundlich Sorption Constants for Lindane.................................... 47-15 ECqhuliolirbdraiunme inPaMrtiotdioenlinEgnvCiarlocnumlateionntss..f..o.r............................................. 48-14 ETqOuiCliPbriiunmMPoadretlitEionnvinirgonCmaelcnutlsatio..n..s...f..o.r............................................. 49-9 EMqualilaitbhriiounminPaMrtoitdioenlinEgnvCiraolcnumlaetniotsns...f.o..r............................................ 50-10 SHoyldurtoiolynssisaHt Talefm-lipveersaftourreMs anleaatrhi2on0inCA...q..u..e..o..u..s................................ 50-13
Table Volume 3 fCont.l
51-1 DEqiauziliinborniuminPaMrtiotdioenlinEgnvCiraolcnumlaetniotsns fo r ................................. 51-10
51-2 HSoydlurtoiloynssisaHt aTlfe-mlivpeesraftourreDsiaNzeinaorn20inCA..q..u...e.o..u..s.......................... 51-13
52-1 AFpoprrmouxilmataitoensC..o..m...p..o..s..i.t.i.o..n....(.%....)..o..f...A..r..o..c..l.o..r................................ 52-20
52-2 E10q1u6il,ib1r2i4u2m, 1P2a5r4titaionndin1g26C0alMcuoldateilonEsnvfoirroAnmroecnltosr.................. 52-21
52-3 Equilibrium Partitioning Coefficients for PCBs........................ 52-23
52-4 MSeovberilaitlySoofilAMroactelorrials 1w2i4th2 VaanrdioAusroLceloarchin1g25S4olivnents . . . . 52-24
52-5 MSiolibcail-igtyeloTfLACroPcllaotres U12s5in2gaVndarAioruosclLoerach1in25g4Sionlvents . . . . 52-25
53- 1 Chromate Sorption ...................................................................... 53-13
53- 2 Perforation of Nasal Septum in Chromate Workers .............. 53-25
54- 1 ETqeutirlaiberthiuyml LPeaardtitiinonMinogdCelalEcunlvaitrioonnsmfeonrts................................. 54-14
Table
Volume 4
Page
55- 1 Soil Properties and Percent Hydrazine Recovery................... 55-9
55-2 Hydrazine Behavior in Soil Sorption Studies .......................... 55-11
57- 1 EDqDuiTlibirniuMmoPdaerltiEtinovniirnognmCeanlctuslat.io..n...s...f.o..r................................ . 57-12
58-1 . EDqDuiDlibriniumMoPdaerltiEtionnviinrgonCmalecnultast..i.o..n..s...f.o..r..................................... 58-11
59-1 EDqDuiElibirniuMmoPdaerltiEtinovniirnognmCaenlctuslat..i.o..n..s...f.o..r.................................... 59-9
XV
Table 60-1
60- 2 61-1 62-1 63-1 64- 1 64-2 64-3
' 64-4 64-5 ' 64-6 65- 1 65-2 65-3
65-4
LIST OF TABLES
Volume 4 fCont.I
Page
E2q,4u-ilDibriniumMoPdaerltiEtinonviinrognCmaelnctuslat..i.o..n..s...f.o..r..................................... 60-12
Freundlich Adsorption Constants for 2,4-D on S oils.............. 60-15
E2q.4u.i5li-briTuminPMarotditeiolnEinngviCroanlcmuelanttison.s .f.o..r..................................... 61-12
E2q.4u.i5li-briTuPmiPnaMrtiotdioenlinEgnCviarlocunlmatieonntss.f.o..r..................................... 62-11
E2q,3u,i7li,b8r-iTuCmDPDaritnitiMonoidngel CEanlcvuirloantimonesntfsor .................................. 63-11
Major Components of One JP-4 Sample . ................
64-10
CPeotnrtoelneutmof-DTerraivceedEJlePm-e4nt..s...i.n....O...n..e...S..a..m...p..l.e....o..f......................... 64-13
AJPd-d4itFiveu eClo.m....p..o..u..n..d..s...A...p..p..r..o..v..e..d....f.o..r...U...s.e....i.n....M...i.l.i.t.a..r..y.................. 64-14
inEqMuiolidberliuEmnvPiraorntimtioennitnsg o..f...S..e..l.e..c..t..JP-4 Hydrocarbons
64-15
JSPe-l4ecFteudel-HWyadtreorcaPrabrotnitsion....C...o.e..f..f.i.c..i.e..n..t.s...(..K...^..) for
64-20
Acute Toxicity of Components of JP-41 . .............................. 64-29
Composition Data (% W/W) for Various Gasolines . . . . . . 65-10
Gasoline Additives ........................................
65-11
EHqyudilribocraiurmbonPsarintitiMonoidnegl oEfnSveirleocntmGenatssolin..e.................
65-14
AGcaustoeliTnoex.i.c..i.t..y...o..f...C...o..m...p..o..n..ents of Automotive
65-28
LIST OF TABLES
Table
Volume 4 fCont.')
Page
66-1 TFruaecleOEillsem.e..n..t...C...o..n..t.e..n..t...i.n....P..e..t.r..o..l.e..u..m.....-...D..e..r..i.v..e..d.
66-18
66-2 Common Additives in Diesel Fuels .......................... ................. 66-19
66-3 EHqyudirloibcrairubmonPsairntitMioondinegl Eonf vPirootennmtieanltsDie.s..e..l...F..u..e..l..................... 66-21
66-4 PCo3tHenMcieisceo.f...T..w...o....B..l.e..n..d..e..d....F..u...e.l...O...i.l.s...f.o..r....t.h..e....S..k..i.n....o.f
66-27
66- 5 Acute Toxicity of Components of Fuel O ils............................. 66-37
67- 1 Composition Data for Stoddard Solvent .................................. 67-10
67- 2 ESqoulivleibnrtiuHmydPraorctairtiboonninsginofMPoodteelntEianlviSrtoondmdaerndts ....................... 67-11
68- 1 Hydraulic O ils............................................................................... 68-9
68-2 SfoormHeyRdreapuolricteOdilM/LiunberraiclaOtinilgaOndiSl.y..n..t.h..e..t.i.c...O...i.l...B..a..s.e..s............... 68-16
68-3 SSoynmteheCticheBmaiscealHAydddriatuivliecs OUisleLduibnriMcaitninegralOanild........................ 68-18
68-4 AFlcuuidte T..o..x..i.c..i.t.y....o..f...S..e..l.e..c.t..e.d....C...o..m...p...o..n..e..n..t.s...o..f...H...y..d..r..a.u...l.i.c........ 68-26
68-5 AFcluuitde T.o..x..i.c..i.t.y....o..f...S..e..l.e..c.t..e.d....A...d..d..i.t..i.v..e.s....o..f...H..y..d..r..a..u..l.i.c..................... 68-30
69-1 RAUarsnoegdme)sat(aimcndgC/oMkmgop)s.ot..u.F.n.r.d.e.s.q.u.in.e..n.V.t..a.C.r.i.oo.n.u.csenMtroattoironOs iolsf (PForleysnhucalneadr 69-10
69-2 CMoinmeproalsitBioansealOInilfsorm...a..t..i.o..n...f..o..r...V..a..r..i.o..u..s...B...l.e..n..d..e..d........................ 69-12
zvu
Table 69-3 69-4
69-5
70-1
70-2 70-3 70-4 . '.70-5
LIST OF TABLES
Volume 4 fCont.l
Pape
Chemical Additives ............
69-15
CArcauntekcTasoexiOcityilo..f...C...o..m...p..o..n..e..n..t..s...o..f...M...i.n..e..r..a..l..B...a..s.e........................ 69-29
ABcauseteCTroaxnikccitayseofOSilele..c.t..e..d....A..d..d...i.t.i.v..e..s...o..f...M...i.n..e..r..a..l...................... 69-37
CCohmarpaocstietrioisntiacls aonfdCSotmrumctounraSl yInntfhoertmicatCiornanakncdase Oils .......... 70-9
Some Synthetic Oil Bases ....................................................... . 70-15
Some Chemical Additives Used in Synthetic Crankcase Oil . 70-17
CArcauntkecTasoexiOcityilo...f...S..e.l..e.c..t.e..d....C...o..m. ponents of Synthetic
70-24
CArcauntkecTasoexiOciitly o..f...S..e..l.e..c..t.e..d....A...d..d.itives of Synthetic
70-27
X V ll]
LIST OF FIGURES Figure Volume 1
1 Air Force Installation Restoration Program (IRP) ............... 2 2 MReopdreelseTnotpastiooinl boyf ICRhPemCichaelmPiacratlisti.o..n..i..n..g...i.n................................ 9 3 PSoairltiStiyonstinegmo..f...S..e..l.e..c.t..e.d....C...h..e..m...i.c..a..l.s...i.n....M...o..d...e.l.e..d....D...e..e..p............... 11 4 Exposure Pathways From a Hazardous Waste Disposal Site . 16 5 ETshtrimeeatEexstroafpIonlactrieomneMntaoldeRlsisk...O...v..e.r....B..a..c..k..g..r.o..u..n..d Based on 31 6 Quantitative Health Risk Management................................... 37 7 CInosmtapllaartiisoonnRBeesttworeaetnionEPPAro'sgrSaumpe(rIfuRnPd)a..n..d....U...S..A...F................... 46
39-1 49-1 49- 2 50- 1 51- 1 51- 2 52- 1 53- 1
Volume 3
RtheelaStiuopneronfattahnetALpipqauriedn.t...A...d..s..o..r.p..t..i.o..n....t.o....t.h..e....p..H....o..f................. 39-18
MBiiosdsiesgsripapdiatRioivnerofWTarticerresy..l..P...h..o..s.p...h..a..t.e...i.n........
49-10
LOonstsaroiof TWriacrteesry.l...P..h..o..s..p..h..a..t.e....I.s..o..m. ers in Lake
49-10
TDeemgrpaedraattiuorne a.n..d....p..H.....E...f.f.e..c..t.s...o..n....M....a..l.a..t.h..i.o..n................................ 50-12
TDeemcopmeproastiutiroen...o..f...D...i.a..z..i.n..o..n.......a..s...a...F...u..n..c..t.i.o..n....o..f......................... 50-12
DTeecmopmeproastiutiroen...o..f...D...i.a..z..i.n..o..n.......a..s...a...F...u..n..c..t.i.o.n of
51-12
Structural Formula of PCBs .................................................... 52-18
Eh-pH Diagram of Cr Species in Water at 25C .................. 53-14
AIA
Volume 4 69-1 Typical Structures in Mineral Base Lubricating O il................ 69-9 69-2 Composition of Heavy End Distillates of Crude O il............. 69-11
ABBREVIATIONS
AB-1
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS, ACRONYMS, TERMS AND SYMBOLS
osottyhhnfnaeettohpnTcmeoyhhimaaGniysptsutlheoiwidrsefth,lep.iuotchshfceoWl.aascbreoaibnrfiydrnesbdsveoiaisamnpftodieeounnpnosshadf,brtaailhnecseertsotohdndeeyuefmicnfnihsdni,eteeimrtdoesnitrchasmaneltsrdheiianennmdigndescxtelshulyvaedmenemsdb.otawhltNseoorsroiisedatslsoleiicasnlctedueceadrtqercuidahnaragtefeprlioctynehmredmmeatofhniircendeaelpdtthahgoaaesntes
A Acre
AA Atomic absorption spectroscopy
ACGIH
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
Active metals pTohtiasssrieufmer,s stoodimumet,altsins,uzcihnca,saanldumthineiirumal,locyasl.cium, magnesium,
ADI Acceptable daily intake
ADL Arthur D. Little, Inc.
Adenocarcinoma A malignant tumor originating in glandular or ductal epithelium.
Adenoma
A benign growth of glandular tissue.
ae Acid equivalent
Aerosol
oAr sguassp. ension or dispersion of small solid or liquid particles in air
AFOSH
Air Force Occupational Safety and Health Standard
Alkali metals
mmsMmoeoedettitiasauatllmlusssr,rpe(eirpnaoeocrstGteaonsvrxstioigiuudaompirzoi,dn1uarAgsnulybgmo,eidfaraitottueuhrmseita,ilfmPscir.eeeerssiiuorvidmsioikc,lewaTnnhtadlebyn,lefw,ir)naitnshcucociwunhmtaata.cestr.TlwithhiTteihhuamelsk,eali
AB-2 Aemalerkttaahllsine Ambient water cArmitebriieonnt water
Amines
API Aquifer Aromatic
atm ATP Ateumtopiegrnaittuioren
ABBREVIATIONS TpCoaatblaclsieus)im.umA, blkaaarnlidiunmeh,aevsaterrtohhnigtmihueemrta,lsamnaedrlteirnalgedsiasunmdre(baGocritloiivnuegptphIIoaAinntsoso.fdPiuemrioadnicd Surface water wotTamhhlahnfouhiratalumeaglmtirr,temnasmbnecohpaaxaotuonoslpnrmirecdaoctedcaneassucunnnuuopltrtlanprtaepbaatotoiiqotionnnpoirufounuaaanaitatltnvhaoilsoacrgtaiieigyftollxnaainaatpftbioefqolib,lpxeucesiaoaouaacdslnritsrletaituetycdtotatradnldh,oiinasafrnwketttoacaiuio,ofl,nlgoanfoehrvnsrapaauopidoimantdlenvanaereerbeyvmirreloiesssrgodieuoeatsoilplhnbthoforeflgeeioorsfaniurdclwtrmcatuiehhmalacalttedsteeeiavitvvrfouqaeefenudenrxccsaitcseeytteussdiceccialmdoeihtnl;iafipnf.aeaagsa,cnt9d6 Agharesryaodcddurleaipolrsysgis.vewenodAiftahloftlrorhoamgymmadsnirina(ocHmecsch)molaomworrneiiptcihoabuoas(rnstNirdcoaHstiighn,o)heftrnbnaoysitrtturrrroeboepnrgalgeaannncacidchntihegduadsstouhtnmaoyelaldyfyorororcbcmomeamroscbbarooilenntnsseo.i(dfaeltkrheyedl) American Petroleum Institute Agrnavuenl dceorngtraoinuinndg, gpreorumnedabwlaetesra.turated strata of rock, sand or bbcAtaaahhnnoreioannddsmmrdzagcafesarcrojn.toatoaieergcul,Mrrpigtaiwz.naornerhoscsttuNiehacptchOnehiondeoTmchdfhEaasupestrh:srometyoaurdinrTincersegadhsioaxlsceca-tatcsoniirteandvebnrderobstemphneosal.iscnens"radciarsgboarircnneonohgmtuteeapamscionstodieiiacnconn*ratrgtealiiliasyondolfineovnorfemegiitrlvesoosent,arsdhttwruimlfsehserueoei.ocbdrmdhseTotianaruhpnirbeenpectlgeerensnsroafollmoueitkufmeeme Atmosphere (760 Torr) bAidoelongoiscianleretraicpthioonssphwahtee,rea ennuecrlgeyotiisdetrcaonfsafecrtorerdi.mportant in many wTpfloahitimehnomtm,uaitabnuiialtmiotsyuipg.manrikttieoomnrptfeelramamtpueerrbeaetauintrgewhpgiircvehessetnahnte miAnadlotiecnragitaiolwnwithiollftihrgeenlaifttleaivseh
ABBREVIATIONS
AB-3
BCF Bbuioilcdo-nucpenotfraatisopnecfiaficctocro,mapmouenasdurseeqoufenthtiealclyumthurloautigvhe a food chain.
Benign A term meaning noncancerous.
BOD Biochemical oxygen demand
BUN Blood urea nitrogen
bw Body weight
C Celsius (Centigrade)
CAA Clean Air Act
CAG ACagnencecry Assessment Group of the U.S. Environmental Protection
Calc A number calculated by Arthur D. Little, Inc.
Carcinogen Any cancer-producing substance.
Carcinoma
A malignant epithelial tumor.
CAS REG NO cCNohumemmpeoiruciacnlddA.esbisgtnraactitonSearvssicigenwedhibchy tuhneiqAumelyeriidcaenntiCfiheesmcihceaml iScoacliety's
cc Cubic centimeter(s)
CERCLA
CLioambiplirtyehAenctsive Environmental Response Compensation and
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
CL Ceiling limit value
cm Centimeter(s) (IE-02 meter)
Camchetteivamelsically
Tmhaigsnpeshiruamse, pgeontaesrsaiullmy ,resfoedrisumto, mtinet,azlsinscu, cahndast,hceairlciaulmloy, s.
AB-4 CNS
CO
co2
Cp CPSA C*t CWA d da
O
DNA DOT DWraintekring
ECD EEC EEG
EKG
EPA Epithelium
ABBREVIATIONS ncCaoceetrrnidvvt.oirtuayTls. hnsIyeetsrtCvaeolmNsuoSss,cscwoyoohsntrietcdrmhionlcaswothmemsicemhnthatacenoldpnaastcihrtsaietvssiybtomyofdppytalhu'tsheseinvbtiovrcalouilanunnntdaatrnasyrdyymmsfppuuiasnnctacuhtlleiaot)rincs.
-
Carbon monoxide
0
Carbon dioxide
Centipoise
Consumer Product Safety Act
Product of concentration multiplied by time of exposure
Clean Water Act
Density
Day(s)
Degrees, as in 37C
Deoxyribonucleic acid
c
U.S. Department of Transportation
Wqanuadatlieftroyrwstahalilncdhuasrumdaesledtasnomdtheiesstsitcpheepcruiefrfiopcraoetsieossnu.sitaobflethfeorwhatuemr an consumption
Electron capture detector
European Economic Community
wElaevcetsroeemncaenpahtianlgogfrraomm, ditifdfeerteencttsaarebansoromf atlhiteiebsrainin.the electrical
ppEroleotcedtnurtociicanalgrtdhaiaotcghroaacrmcau,crtaedrriusertciiocnrgsdeairnigceysocolfeftohwefavhceehsaa.rntgmesuisncleeleaccttrivicitayl,
Environmental Protection Agency
Tinhceludcoinvgertihneg loinfiningteorfnavlesasnedlseaxntedrnsmalasllurcfaavcietiseso.f the body,
ABBREVIATIONS
AB-5
Epoxide
estim F FDA FDCA FID FIFRA Finished Filnimlaaimtisrmable
L FR ft g Gavage GC
Atthhnaetouarnrgieaonnjoicionfceodamnaposoxusyhngodewncnoanbtoteamloinwwin:igthaortheaecrtiavteomgrsou(upsuraeslluyltcinargbforno)m O
- c/ -\ cerTephsoiisnxisgd.reosE.uppi,chcolomromhoyndlryincaalnledde"tehpyolxeyn"e, cohxaidreacaterreizweesllt-hkenoewponxy Estimated value Fahrenheit Food and Drug Administration (U.S.A) Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act Flame ionization detector Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act Tap water, i.e., water that has undergone drinking water treatment ssTgisuoehmpncepoeermortairammltnliyngeoesgnelxaoycpsofrrmtgeehsafbseesuersdrlooteriwdoinvneatroupwneoahixrtsepsncltoophsnieegircvnceleioentwneltirdtema.rbtitiyfoTl(navhLmsoeElmuiLnlmoa)wba.eile,rer,Tclaheimpneaditub, opl(eLpf eoFtrhfLee)nradanndogfe tehxeplroasinvgeeliims cital(lUedELth)e. upper flammable limit (UFL) or the upper Fraction organic carbon in soil (0 < f < 1) Federal Register Foot Gram(s) Forced feeding through a tube passed into the stomach. Gas chromatography
AB-6 ABBREVIATIONS
GI Gastro-intestinal
Ground water Sgeuoblsougrifcacfeorwmastetrhatthaatreocfcuullrys sbaetunreaattehd.the water table in soils and
H Henry's law constant (atm mVmol)
5H Cmhaessm3ic.al symbol for the radioactive isotope of hydrogen of atomic
ha Hectare, a unit of area equal to 10,000 square meters.
HA tEtohPeaAn'csoheHamdevaicelatrhlsevAiradevsdiprsooinnrkysien(fgloerwvmealteerfroly.r tsehromrtedanSdNlAonRgL-t)e,rman eexsptiomsuarteesof
Half-life
oTriimgienarleqquuiarnedtityfo.r removal or degradation of one-half of the
Halogen
PFOelnureoiordoinficethTiseabtehlleee:cmtrfoolusntoergaianctteii,vveechoellofermainlleenc,htbsermoomficGainlreoe,lueipomdVeinnIeLts,A.anodf tahsetatine.
Halogenated Containing one or more atoms of halogens.
Hemangioma A tumor composed of blood vessels.
Hemangiosarcoma Aheamrtalaignndanvtestsuemlsoorfctohmepcoirsecudlaotforeyndsyosttheemli.al cells which line the
Hg Mercury
HMTA
Hazardous Materials Transportation Act
HPLC High-pressure liquid chromatography
hr Hour(s)
HSDB Hazardous Substances Data Bank
Hydrocarbon
Aeoxcncculuorsrrigivnaegnlyicinocfpomethtrpeooleuelnuemdm,e(nanstastauccraeartlbyolgenanse,ancodorahlb,yedannrzodegnbeeni)tuacmnondensioss.fttienng
ABBREVIATIONS
AB-7
Hydrolysis
Tmmhooelleeccauudlldeeis,t.iwonithofitsthceonhysedqruogenent sapnlditthinygdrionxtyol 2ioonrs mofowreatseirmptolera
IARC International Agency for Research on Cancer
IDLH mIhthmeieanmlutmehtdeasixeaifwtmfeeiluctyhtmsod.ualetnvgaeenlryofrueossmctaopwelh-ifiimcehporaoinrheienacglotsuhylmdcopentsoccemanpsteroarwtiioatnhn;iynrier3pr0erveesresnitbsle
im Intramuscular
in Inch .
intradermal Situated or applied within the skin
in vitro
Dtheasncriinbeas lbivioinloggoicraglaneixspme.riments in laboratory apparatus rather
in vivo Describes process that occurs within a living organism.
P Intraperitoneal IR Infrared spectroscopy
IRP Installation Restoration Program
IU International units
iv Intravenous
K, (or K,)
Soil sorption coefficient
kg kilogram(s) (1E+03 grams)
K Speoril uanbistowrpetiigohnt coofefofrigciaennict ncaorrbmoanlizinedsotiol. represent amount sorbed
L Liter(s)
lb Pound(s)
LCm The concentration required to kill 50% of test individuals.
LCLo Lowest reported lethal concentration.
AB-8 LC*t*
LDm LDlo Lesion logK , Lflilmaomwitemrable m m3 MAC Malignant
MCL MDL mEq mg mg%
min M(noinne-roaxlidaicnidg)s
M(oxinideirzailnga)cids
ABBREVIATIONS 5P0r%oduocft tohfetehxepcoosnedcenptorpautiloantiotnim. es time which causes lethality in The dose required to kill 50% of test individuals. Lowest reported lethal dose. An abnormal change in an organ because of injury or disease. Log of the octanol-water partition coefficient. Twhille sluopwpeosrttccoonmcebnutsrtaiotino.n of the material in air which
Meter Cubic meter(s) Maximum allowable concentration tPeerrmtaiinnaitnegintodtehaethgriofwntoht acnhdecpkreodlifbeyrattrieoantmoefncte.rtain tumors which Maximum contaminant level Minimum detection limit(s) Milliequivalent (1/1000 of an equivalent) Milligram(s) (10E-3 gram) TmhLe. concentration of a solution expressed in milligrams per 100 Minute(s) cEphhyexrldaomrmriooopdnsluieoclss,fuoihlnnfyuicdclruriacodc,beirdpobhmoaornisicdpc,,hvhodayrirsdiicuor,loufuacshnrfildclou,rsoifecrll,uoeophnsyhoidluoirscsopiccah,ycoairdniscica,aschiwydfsel.ulloraisc, Ehpyexrpacomhclphollreoosruoisun,sc,pluendriietoridbcir,co,nmiatinrcod,hcsyhudllorfuoricrchi,clocarhcirciod,mspieacrs,bwaroceimldlsica,s poeleruchmlo.ric,
ABBREVIATIONS
AB-9
m l. Milliliter (IE-03 liter)
MLD Minimum lethal dose
mm Millimeter(s) (IE-03 meter)
mM Millimoles
mol Gram mole
MPRSA
Marine Protection Research and Sanctuaries Act
MS Mass spectrometry
Mutagen
A material that induces genetic damage.
MW Molecular weight
a Normal (isomer), as in n-butyl.
N nNiotrromgaeln(e(aqsuiivnalNen-mtsetpheyrlplyitreird,inaes).applied to concentration);
Narcosis
A state of stupor, unconsciousness or arrested activity.
NCI National Cancer Institute
NEPA National Environmental Policy Act
NFPA National Fire Protection Association
NIOSH
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NIOSH No.
sASuubbussnttaiaqnnucceee,slnispitnueebd-lpiisnohseitdthioebnyRaeNcgIciOsetsrSsyiHoon. fnTuomxibcerEfafsescigtsneodf Ctoheemacihcal
NTPDWR
National interim primary drinking water regulation
Nitride
mCoamy preoaucntdwsiothf nmitoriostguerne wtoithevNolsveasflathmemaanbiloen.amTmhoensieacgoams.pounds
NOEL/NOAEL No observed (adverse) effect level
NPL National Priority List
NTP National Toxicology Program
AB-10
ng OHM/TADS OSHA Oxidation Omxaitderiziainlsg
PEL Percutaneous Pg PH PID Pk Plasma po Pmoaltyemriearlizable
ABBREVIATIONS
Nanogram(s) (IE-09 gram) OSyislteamnd Hazardous Materials Technical Assistance Data Occupational Safety and Health Act (or Administration) Alonssy opfroecleecstsroinnvsoflvroinmg athceomadpdoituinond.of oxygen, loss of hydrogen, or sAamompteutrenmaacgrrytthmapeeonrroecaciiiromcnaahamllgesstcmautpoenssrmoimuhaceucosatppnehuloeswsdlu.rdahaanstsethdTbuncasephre.teelsewlrtssuoIopoeelnrxrloolecinsdgduaviteecnneasnnndn,(eretieercae.iroelaharau.lcls,t,osoltecilrrsdgyvoathoititegantterovonsahnor,cdgeool,epvaunkpeetsateirsalanrpycpcegohteta.axlrsaotyw,srTgfaiarotecmhathrnoeyebosoore,ittnexeietndni)arhdiustmteaicrzrnpiainndiotneggscsos,litubhadleener.d Permissible exposure limit, as found in 29CFR 1910.1000. Penetration of the skin picogram(s) (IE-12 grams) Alogmoefastuhreeroecfiparcoidciatly oofr tahlekahliynditryogoefnaiosnoluctoinocnenotnraatiosnca. le of 0-14; Photo ionization detector Peak concentration. Tcehlles satrreawr-ecmoolovreedd., fluid portion of blood that remains when all By mouth ecAaxopnopstturhaobiepnsrtremairansitc.ce,eaccnoandpdacibtailpoeanbos.lfesPoeloffl-ycpamouleysrimnizgeartviizoioanlteironentacrutuniopdnteusrrearoefosfetaenledviolent,
ABBREVIATIONS
AB-11
Polymerization
sphcclArlniiuoaeeegkuabnaurhmeccfLststhotta,bemeiarioeIamnmnatrnnnhecciedreceoraodsaofctoslmccoubtrfouortyebonererllsaucntassetaotupccaisintubutvnnpiudlenjoceoeerlenidry.nect,,ei,tttTorisatounsnihhnmosghsieeuemsipxogauthplehhrluneleteaayssiaantlpmamytccdrtwtaeuoeaiirssiornlaslersalnnsvuictonedbuiercdcoa/derloialtei.aeurnonsotnIrugernrtecodtl;eoaycoltwmcb.ewihtnuhoaiibitdsrusteThihuertnrwhswaeegtetpiarihtaoschitcpesaeloatyolitaltcomralyfhnyoenoleeymmdar,irstmcteirbatcz,ireiisaavnillahuzeateaieaarsoctategsihnioteeoa,ntnhmioo.nerfay
POTWs
Publicly owned treatment works
ppb Part(s) per billion
ppm Part(s) per million
ppt Part(s) per thousand
PVA Polyvinyl acetate
PVC Polyvinyl chloride
Raw Atrpeaptlmieedntt.o water or waste water that has undergone no
RCRA
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
R(cehaecmtiivciatyl)
cGhrmhRheaareaaezveltcmasaeet,rtraiidpiocnnaoarrtgloulsse..psttxoerparaSntotnuihdlsecsefshioionrponcmvroshot.aehlevmtnaiTeoztiicnahaearevldloosrfprlouredcroathiidcfaoaftuneinscorugtneosebnsfsftitoohnafrfenrtmtaoechtnmee,edtt(potobbhxruyoeiutcssnteehnodneoreoctrefrfglaeotaolahmwfcetamoiycotashhn)beelmrmaeriaecgyaalses,
RBC Red blood cells
AB-12 Rageednutcsing
Reduction
REL Rf RfD RMCL RNA RQ SAE sc SD SDWA sec Serum SGOT
ABBREVIATIONS Tsoshhpepadiuxlyyhifelhuebapdaroetamnsoltrhssiotppeoreiyais.nsbhhnlni,avaoooczteCacrgrreieaosienusoscrtnncs,nweea,.ttasatbasnena,scocldocdtalhtridtcaoyamwimtwnnpusaietsaomitmyo.tsyhsh,,uegeiwblEhtgoexfariyanxnxttlordtaiieemdaetramsrercia,laiz.ktpzdctiiyinoleoeanelMdsgmsnset,id,odasbmocxuneauafliacsyricrsb,thsrbteieeirapnirbrdedaniehaldasuede,otlusc/ests,aocimrpnnircmihnhegadhytgfatilhddleayomaryraegrmiolsrgeiead,getenmlaasseenstlulsnauestli,lbsilmntceiflhnnmeriitynancoihdadcglumueyervaemtdissidypboo,eeelrrlaseiseagdcen,nnaaaseddetnlnscn,diioccurem, Dhatyeodcmrroegoaersninioginn.thaechoxemygiecnalccoonmtepnotunord ionrcraedadsiinngg tahneeplercotproorntioton aonf Recommended exposure limit wRaettaerrdtaotitohne fvaecltoocri,tyi.eo.,f taheporlalutitoanotf itnhesovile.locity of the interstitial Reference dose Recommended maximum contaminant level Ribonucleic acid Reportable quantities Society of Automotive Engineers Subcutaneous, beneath the skin Smtaeansduarredmdeenvtisatoiofna, naormmeaalsluyrdeisotfritbhuetesdprveaardiabolfe.individual Safe Drinking Water Act Second(s) wThitehoculetaannyamobf etrheflusuidbstthaantcerseminavinoslvaefdteirnbcllooottdinhga. s clotted; plasma Sthheeeraurstmeraungmldu/toaarsmltiivcheeor.xraelsaucltetoicf ttrisasnuseaminijnuarsye,, easnpeecniazlylymeinjruerleyatsoedthiento
ABBREVIATIONS
AB-13
SGPT sSeerruumm agsluatarmesicultpyorfuvtiiscsutreaninsjaumryin, aessep,ecainalelynzdyammeagreeletaoselidveirntcoelltsh.e
SH Sulfhydryl group
SNARL
Suggested no adverse response level
STEL Short-term exposure limit
STP Standard temperature and pressure
Subcutaneous Beneath the skin
Surface water eTahratht 'ws astuerrfaccoen;tiatindeodesonnotthiencelxutdereiogrroourndupwpaetrerp.ortion of the
Sym Symmetrical
Half-life
TDjj Lowest reported toxic dose
Teratogen
Athemoaftfesrpirailngth.at induces nontransmissible changes (birth defects) in
TLV Tbaveherereaxsgpheooslcdeodnlicwmeinitthtrvoaautltiuoean;dvoaenfrasAeCsueGfbfsIetHcat-n.rceecotmo mwhenicdhedmotismt ew-worekigerhstecdan
TNT Trinitrotoluene, an explosive used in the munitions industry.
Taconomdxipcthomueinredtasls
cTlbatteheorihalsasnlmdeiultnls,ariueeuiimtsunmh,imina,n,bnc,gcotlgahutratidoodnhnmrne,eei,uisstuaeeumcnm,antm,lgm,icmtseicieutttoheraamnncrlnsuoy,,i;rmu,coymaeari,nusr,imvdmsueazmo,ninmnliacy,ccedob,,tmbiadubaalaenmallngitrdcn,u,iuemczacmsoiomi,rmup,conmpobpnineec,ogrirkuus,yeoinmlllitlv,dnih;uedsoermcisr,ucoms,omsm.ntiur,ptomaoniun,tniisundemglse,nium,
TSCA Toxic Substances Control Act
TWA Time-weighted-average
Mg Microgram(s) (IE-06 gram)
ML Microliter(s) (IE-06 liter)
AB-14 uns Uflilmapmpitemrable USAF USEPA Vol.%
sWtaantdearrqduality
WHO wk w/v w/w % > > < <
-> +
ABBREVIATIONS Unsymmetrical wTihlle shuipgphoerstt ccoomncbeunsttriaotnio. n of the material in air which
United States Air Force United States Environmental Protection Agency Tmheediunmum. ber of milliliters of a substance in 100 milliliters of the wuLUphengoiicatnhelldsycuoSecnnthasfitousertssceoesa.afnbdalewdepastrieogrvniaqstiuoeadnlsituyosfecrsoittraetrueiaseosfrorfFoesrduetchrhaelwwlaaatwteerrss boafsetdhe World Health Organization Week(s) Weight per unit volume Weight per unit weight Percent Greater than Greater than or equal to Less than Less than or equal to Approximately Yields or causes Plus
HYDRAZINE SCYHHDHODLNeiyyiyMaavdddOmmorrrMraaaiNiidnzzznOiiieeYnenneeNeMabSna:hseydrous
NCAI3MO0S2US-RH70E117-NG25O.0N0:O0.: HFO4NRjMULA: STRUCTURE:
H2N-NH2
55-1
AFAIRCTWO/RV aCtO2N5V"CER(1S2I)ON
01..736m4 gp/pmm3
=
~
11 pmpgm/m; 3.
M3O2L.0E5CULAR WEIGHT:
REACTIVITY
oowscw7ihmsefcdh(nEipfHrmsagnuo5uouahx0rrelayioeaaxnlyerc0amddagcprzcdorspttamwkddiC4nhcoimgaoolyertaiuiloiret,igmreirnrm.asoouleeoinimalsasdsavzsugotd5sniwizttohpshinoieoacd0mrsCvnia.afsouyntehnndwo5,hreeuwsh,asslasieed.i,etyrhteiracEenvhnircmtuabzod5,rfhtemnihiomioteinahocseoCen0rcrdnheyoiibsecidmaoend7niotcceedoradxeaamncagn,oma.arnrsel.cttlecpinmsnmeltiatid5hticand,kotoasdearchneC1krecoteunennCmole,cmyiy1eooetp,loncttodssyacdo)nsmnlpaheopoowc.mmauoblnrwgiwcrelslupfphpttlacyidntto.raaarauiqrieelaeazbrtaeaxtooytslructrwhictheyenldttiudriHcielzitdodurotrbiureidssehiitminacaneurenynacwimsaehlelga,eseodcslocuavileixtuwsst,stfdixrrtmnotmse,anyo.polmhhaaaieifnrtiilrdgdclmlsfpc,tylyztgcmoauroeeteiCoidtrahagnhyvodneaooo,itmorncadtooixtyingegervwargsmocoriindlidieaeipcymdzmodanxtanwmhsntnrrmosolir,yua.eenaietmemthsoaeasg,cwsrinziesettixtuyenetseteatieeiaTyhoalhenbninssdtlddttvhowidassh.ruffhaeeeigoieelyntolcraltesiaaaaerncoitfd(twwiaxtrttnm),Oslhaogioicertigbeoostiidldmeeassaettaeilannsiltsanahnhneiuuzxednh,tgepppwts,wgisxpesrd,eonnsoopczhioeftodlcimrmeliroitcosdttpoynuhstcnutaheeiopditdnahrmemtgroasoscnmipbpiekerrritotsrnnoltsaepac,tsayrieeoaimedidnuadditinazrrexlreilpneoiaymRiieia,ralgeianrnsagariltods,tmoetytriallet,e.afaiektueoznzrsihlatoadsioe,srieen,dnrllrdeyiyc,s,
CPHHDEYAMSTIICCAOA-L
CODPO(hoeddanyliootnossrrrii2:ct:a0Tyairl:hFCCrSi()sleat1ehsat.ayh0tr2e,o0:0l3ad6mC:Lgm)i/q3mou.n0Li0di;a0, (otHtyiolpCye4,N.fo0)ud0m0orinpgpm
;
((((51119222)))) (2)
55-2 CPHH(DECYAMoSTnIItCCA.)OA-L
HYDRAZINE
LBFFBSSFAVSVSHauoollriooiaueaac(((osvtlr(ier11ignphaatuPldclmsacaluafe50ooihttoroyba.toatrszAn60(simymsrgctiirngeO22Ce.gi2eylPd'e0rt/stniscd00as0PiMtyoco0sot.t;iPbiyTotanL:s%rintirCCCaoalnoicFe2eriofeeeaoinnnVn)oi)tslp7)nnan,nwn0t:sdlpoL.bmc0,seut.iClit9iWy:PnsiCT-croooo1Cmos10oWoe)lrn3pveo0anA0oe:ii:s12mo:ne(ett0fanti1aesflfncrt.getp:usr.0fb3t:1:Npel)e6.t:.0am.l::.rcl::5a2.0os4u6(20c02Cest4aM.p6.kNN,7.220Et8C7Cp03.20ooi0+i002es).3rtt9c00rE00tCo.iot9E01nppb+itCEn,e-eol0e0)mrre+17ttn20imi7tnnd40eey.Hnn0mnttgegC//cmm3
((1122)) (60,504) (60,504)
(60,504,506) (2) (67) ((2610)) (21)
(1219)
PIENRWSTYSAHISSTTETEEESRMNOCILE-
Hncdlaooneoysngdnsdrte-reapisanndezmtarwisntahiiaeosyattneveibsrenhsetfaaaeslaiixfrlsg-apllnyriwoifgfsemeeieclidloaen.bnftfitwSole.ecoattitihlenorepnsHiaostiitmloaswnnordsaeptttheoheerrnegrtosaeiyron,sdnitvece.ormlcaIoastt,rfsiblbidozuanatytsif,oanirly
PEAXTPHOOWSFUARYES
TsttHdhooehoriplewog/egruenprogvdoruheiuenmrnndi,andtrthw-hyowaaenlaetaextittemriphoroepdnssoruyeirmnnsrttekvaaeiynimrnpcogbasentewhmioswiafmettantheyphtreaoeolrssmftuecaipcognpponrtanladitictehinitesowi.ronsannoyEmossf.fxreiophsmosyvisdtueurrraayetzsiionnes.
HYDRAZINE HHEDAAAZLATTARHD
55-3
mSigns and Symptoms of Short-term Human Exposure:
sTcEeHthwofexyfrnmeepdovlco_lrapu_tisatn_solu_zsrg_ariii_aonnne_or_nedc_yftsl_ouv_.ct_bada_hl_lpeuiei_nqo_s_wduree__yisne_dieei_sdg_ss_chisi_azmo_tz_nmv_mil_enoa_cre_esya_dss_ua,s_io_,ascw_pet_nce_eeu_alsra_yreu_iko_vs_inadeer_ne_arr_sdieo,_ts_af,_iblt_tas_civun_esho_mtvg_im_neu_strg_i.po_ta,_il_nbtSt_go_hhuy_eo_rs2a_utn_n4en_rim_dnos_h._gsi_oce_au__nar__sdn_.d_
Acute Toxicity Studies:
LLLINCCCH^A572L475102ATppppIppOmmmN:444 hhhrrr
RRMaaottu((s35e59(0)345)04)
OLRDAmL:60 mg/kg
Rat (59)
SLLKDDIMN:19910 mmgg//kkgg
RGaubinbeita (p5i9g) (3504)
EPtmCINLGeArPoaTraeeRnrantAPgectgoCnrio-tnnTago--oa-nexeglncrilGGNecymyinciorr/tiNtovocaoEuduienxtDfapopyidftcnaea.BCcta2_fateBt2_ls:eta_:os(_(tDspCpo_iLrfaox_oioticsi_nvabcsa_ef:iatlbr_iiibnocl_Elyante_inrm;n_acdhg_tabus_rrkme_cyaivid_otaniln_dnoed_eetgoyh_cnesaa_cnedrle_iiac.ct_l_miye_n_.vt_ao_oe_gg_lSse_e_hl_n_i_uag__)_mlh__s_to__a__n____s_)_____
PRHEACNA(D5U4L)TINIOGNS
dmfrpHfaaaeieiraoesccmpcenedRV1repiapdeer0u,aniisla-eebpedp5otccoboi0reecrrore,haarrptewcChnpomooaeyimrhtnptlihemh:cscor5meeaeorAe0flrnlnuift-can,-ts8lopacrln,y0noolaoyfgrlntsasygpliisutocoothpeapwievngmolvipepfnsgioe-st:illecdheieupedoAacspdrnoenan-ebttpddatysoaoroeeisieprbrquntpaeay1ouretrrrtp0oehdaeoeaettistdstpnmepebe.Cpgcidroivrmtneadeasai:ttneupnctohthpporeioApinpalnrawrrtlentgiieayweiinysttodeauhsuinst-supsohaurpfuipwuerafs-pluri-ltflalhillfteoaudwfcsu-ell
55-4 HYDRAZINE
ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCRCITUEPRAITAIONAL STANDARDS AND
AIR EXPOSURE LIMITS: StaOnAdSFaHOrdASsHTWPEAL(8(8-h-hrr):): 0.01.1ppppmm;(skCieni)ling Limit (15-min): 0.3 ppm (skin)
C ricNNAAttraeCIICerrOOaicGGatiSSneEIdHHoHHgaeICTSsnDTeLaLiElViHpnLog(t8((e3L-1nh05itmrimamiTtliiWnnc())1a::Ar2cN)0N:inIomOon0giSe.ne1H.n)e:psthpa0ambs.0li4(rsshekmceiodngm)/mmA3e2nd- esdustpheacttetdhehsuumbasntance be
WATER EXPOSURE LIMITS: DrNinokniengesWtaabtleisrheSdtandards E-- PNIAEo-H0H4eeacalatlhtnhcAeArddvrviissisoko:rrieies1sangd/LCancer Risk Levels (3744) WNHoOinDforrinmkaintigonWaavtaeirlaGblue.ideline E PAH- uANmmoabncireHintetearWilothnatee(3rst5aQ5b)uliaslhiteyd;Chriytderriaazine is not a priority pollutant. -AqNuoatcicritLeirfieon(3e5s5ta)blished; hydrazine is not a priority pollutant. REFERENCE DOSES:
No reference dose available.
I
HYDRAZINE
55-5
REGULATORY STATUS (as of 01-MAR-89) P roFmeudldSIpegnereaasraftsimelegtdanPiDttareRrotisiseegndgwrkraueiiamntqlhasgustihiaroWanenzdasaatrpfedorporrAuotsvchteeudn(iSndUDjeenrWcdtReiAorCng)RrooAufnh(d2y9dI5rn)aj.zeicntieo-cnonCtoanintrinogl pwraosgtreasm, a
RHliseytsdeodruaarzsicneaeCihsoanzidsaeerrndvtoaiuftisieodwnaaassnteadcrRoeneaccsottiivtvueere,ynttoAx(ci3ct78h(3aR,zaC3r7Rd8oA4u))s. waste (U133) and wEpeAHhhihoarnaCnnenryaaofhPcyoprovndzvttitdmAe1iocaicurehfrrp0erhraiapeoaes0otd(azalranszdCl0rihlonwyoeinbsmtnuydE.horaea(pldsees3eebRsos,rbnbn7tIlsutiqaCeefeut6sisuanzmuiet6Ltbhiqsvd(daenn)t3psyeuAtesn.ret7ohdsoaeati)EU8rimrsiefaningttfss7asmnytneicnuuez)icrvedtp.aseii(syintaddert(Rr,uee3leroen(sndaQs7fpRnoieonSd6stem)tnrQadheA6,intrfree)d)yRRhle.unioirSlanstCAlHecsuiezaAtaamrprRalyaelesRTsrxoditelARtedeecnirdAotmaoeaeolfahssuesztffenTsephraishrnsd0oHzieoyogtes.mand4lIoeuflcreorsn5ifbodSsieact4ctHnsohteazsytdhucCcileIakneietstnpsgohesineSfo.climmwartcageenmrechcnnapeasiRtelsnuuarh3etiitmegottiinsn1oenoyetpend3lsidngdncoas,erisatnc3rrteormaiplyt0pooefnaeCl2ftoaanafbpxio.nrmEcnecllttiuaaexneRhastAnnfthasilearqCndssncnneecugoicnLymtmonaLnhuuAqfgnetefruiauaaalmte.islyoibtcialrttnsyfiisinilcIfleib,iiitntatsttcieyoyltgihsyaaalsst oppatiMOnhphrfcaaopytektrhshlainiiiscnecnbouaaeiwcmnltd,hePtnuadscrmrchooaiheenrptrxemeeeimcscnieuteegciipnsxcaoptoavelnemlifwrocRcoortpheonretedbngmsnfieasorcteanotlianrothomructghecheiyaoicntnlrahaoatolsnergagsedepreaenenrrpSoesrrrac,ceeaonnegmspmscoueistnudnlpeuat-ltsaoyattiorugaoirixnnesneeindscsnttssrhdAiaaefoeanccrrstedtsehetdwceena(oyeroMhnla(nlac3tt-Paaro0abmnmgR9sieo)lSidt.ennahAsescasemc)niubstdosmynu. msutlPrpaaeitntrivemgeit cOEthilymomcdtcehpru-ailwpnozayigentieigeaeohnnstedahexladpplSloraasabvufceeertrtiecypaegrtsaeeonv(d(he3Tny5HWtd3er9edaA)a/.zrl)itenhodeufAsc0hce.ta1dllpt(hnOpromSotu.HegAxhEc)metehpdelouaynseee8o-shfkoipnurroextepcotsivuere to THhreahaqzezuaariDrrddeeomopuuaessnrmttMmsaaetfeotnerrtriaipoalaflwscTkiTtrahraganiannsgpsrp,oeorlpartoabtratetitloaiionnbnglehAaaqnscudtdanet(srtHiiatgnyMnsaopTtofeArd0t).a4ht5iyo4dnrka(gz3,i1ns8eu0ba)j.secat to
I
55-6 HYDRAZINE HFthoyeoddrp.arzeDipnraeurgamtiaaonyndnooCftossbtmeeaemutiscetdhAaactstwai(lFlbDocioClenArta)wctatfeorodad(d3i6ti1v)e. in any amount in
State AWNssAmtpLlaDoealtTrctPeseei.tfWrariSscettTPRegrnrsAiusnoulThggam(raetsEiaenevoSrmetenicsscaW,rdcietraoeiitpttreehitraree:idraE.xbEpyPToAnhsuaerrsAreemaLtsibtviamieetenirtstsefhWseaervacetetnieocrpenrQ)oomuraasubllitygthyaertieCerldirspittarienodrgmidaiutthialognenadateldor 5hYpNNth0apoEearmrwnpdWkpnh5Ymea0aYsolrssrOhpdokfapnRohrmerhdKasasnsCsheflaasaoansrsrndsaanCanAmemldsa,bssbiA1seia0en-nDnStd/t,iwgswA1u/aL0arAt0tfe,eaarr/ctAeqgqgAu/wruLa-eaaSlailtat,itetyteyrBrgss,srttta(eaha3nanan5dtdnd0eaar0rCor)drtd.hsoeauoqfnrfuf5a5oa0crlejjUteiowggq//uaLL5ta0ealartpstt.opllemes5sNs0setwhan
P roFpeodseeNdraoRl pPergrouopglaortasiemodnssregulations are pending. StateNorC1e9fooWg8nru9epatl-avatr9ecito0sritpionwno(Pg3ssri6etothwd8hg3rhetr)aiih.recmeghwusswlataatiteltilreonfpoosrfllfoaoigcrwreearEmpiePssnAadadn'isnvdgics.hpeadrMon. pgooeCsssthinwasgnthagectenhessatnahagrreeeeyspibnirneoctjtohehmceetieeprdrfoifncoearsl.s
HYDRAZINE
55-7
EECccAdsoaDDtuhaDoqripiisbrmegurricpcraseeahgpiroeccntnaroociittoolrcoiptu)vhggidurnveeeaeoiniendsanlfdscooivstinhecgntiorth,iaenoormrneGmngsgsteremecuhuraootoebsieusamnuuunsngartnobtpdeoqeidsonl-suat)-Wugianwacdrnondtaaoeidofccttuemreseeomnserrriatdnnegesn((-vdheraiw5di.raanre3aantlo.so8lot,leunpe)gcbvobrmheeiiesanolse(ttssLsaianacppkneatreh,.necpy,ronedsrcwsrutoooobhbipwltuyaysehphsttdroaimritrocucneioneeohtvccsmmeeaptmnsrihbpentbareworoyorcuiohnnu-onrcfidsglcodoaivhhrrusitismi,eanogpcptnrtotrsrohisuouetsechhsenh.risdbosiutoegrdh. ceciDctOnaomaaitrsunrreitgcnensreaiscntonnirtaatooiionvlenghbdesecae/anoowloposadrnhgpsiotsioelcatcrindehhhlsossea,wurirtsobaDgosortsueieftgsddearcahisnhsneiucncamwomhetrposaiigatshrhesnwioginooesohulfpnaifotochnohDfsadpdttarathesihnndosauedge,rvrsreaepfeiarraveoduacsetusteurdh.dsobwoelfseSArrlateuioautztmmenbeasrcyrstsietis,ahoaostqynenutmdiuecsnrfraertroestoooiicftcmffaoge(rrezr5cbinmeoat3orvul5enooin)wmrsndo,abnttweemhrraeestneortrs. pDHriyordedrcuatcizveineleiogmnhtaMyoranrcokoteltobirnegeufasfenedcdtsiUnbsoyermnoafemaDneansntoaglferodobiufjfseecrStesunbtinspttaehnnacdseeessd. t(o541) DDHpaiayrcdnekrgcaaetgzirivionneugesoainsSnudctbhlalseastbsaCienflilcieanedssgsiaf(ris7ce8aga7tui)toloanxt.iiocPnassu.ckbastgainngceaannddLiasbseulbinjegctofto aTagtDAaondinhdivxdddreemieictceL,islintaaouatisibncvobsiehxelteyrltilscoaoiinuntnooitgnfvnhrodetreohecpmfPerosasaprrDctAortekoiaovcpooansiinpdgsfigvii,reoceeositnrnxhsocsmsiaeuomtfrRunsepuasttectatPaylitcaiorbinkaoteneiidanpnnavgsaorgg.ierfcattpemhtto.rhieoeuetnpsIhstsfaaLerfibaeatGw(ett3iyisaso9a,sn9acpsRsdc1ihfov)eyicmciglssaauiepcstlaisaaSoilntfl1niyiio/e,eSnddiP2msaabpaacsyonknvsddapsegrirSbieyn4clegi6setion
55-8 HYDRAZINE
55.1 MAJOR USES sbpt(t(ro1h1hoel44eoaua03srttr31tHmmieeo,)sry,aene1sdcnaa6ertunr(0ua1scd8azteh6ini)dc0ni.dnao8elin)nsAia.in,susiaptxfuEnsailulasaieeeesamcnldtmrhivyacceiijeFnrorpblolgr-ols1nioewnu6mwn(des1ciueera4nyrnsi0grtutpr2coanyrao,lfiagwt1afcshetes4hnyro0ecdtamaf3sru,r)actni.rszhhaiitisteeernIsmyettaso,6npii(c.st1a5saohc6ualxee0gplyisa8pnAogsl-lthely1ieournu6rnsetm1Fsetsl5lecdoeeoca)dr.tfva.ocriesaerianctbaeahg7itlae0meirs%narinssitandpshhnioleydbhendoymssprdioolararerlzoarnieidpudnufelefierlacm/leo3cadc0utpnuk%cotwrehwetaewotorefafrter
55.2 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS 55.2.1 Transport in Sofl/Ground-water Systems 55.2.1.1 Overview wdcHdaomiehomugewbrlendiaeHtehdvnibyyanetdelrtthirr,totyaeornamdzdasirunnppadceseazeiprtisdinhoacswertuuetesaeir(xstydUeehpsdeeDtairchnnMltradeionttdHeuhirsgae)t.hqoiusnusobtBeeihtelodhu/eugilrskarsueolsnlosquaesontuncalietauvdti,uneot-wilrmtnoyiaa,tnitixmteesheedsyrododborzswrifyolaisiennhzttehieyinp,mndewudr.traaeihesztseeipsnfruiosetrosoemciirlneh/.gpwyartdinioHtbrhyuaylnezdoudirfntn-aowestzy'hsaiamnetheesnmreiugieshsmftyorabsirrctmeeleaarimlqscuotiifvditya.t sh9t%yrdernwTagzithlihlne)eehx(cyi1sod7tnr0caa3ezs)in,nNtitruh2aHmutis4o,cnhwasyth)di,oirlneaa,pzaipNntre2opHxaHi5cm+t,s8aitsaaesplaypawr9bo0exa%aiskme oaaitnfceildtsyhoe(lhpuahKtliyfoadnwr=.ialzlAi7nb.te9e8pwp,Hir2lol57tboCen(,aapntaerdtdoztlooearwnnoadtiehodnaliafcnd unprotonated. iicpcphtoaoaaysnrerdribsfttrzfoiioTatetircniizdroopiiaennntcnfniiieooonns.tnrnp)ggmtoeftbmr,onotertaotspsdwtoaaehidsetlleeh.seinswsccaAhartnshyieoldbtsmeihels-fdiocewcouadaraasglite,bmhheowryefvhodnheayrrti,ndascodzhwrriiasnhgsdzeioainocninhoceleitasciinsusdnsnniptonrodheteoteeccnraitbeK-glpyvesop.oelpalysavrsItasovntieolplouseelos.eaiqrenttudio(iAloiorilzurnigsbagsaaraitanlniinnouigctinmoci,naccntohmmhareeergumobqacdsiuonhceoniialilcoslilbspfcot,rahoriirstumgeutmaiecptbnxihoaoiicsusntainsssdif,nor 55.2.1. Sorption on Soils of reTsehaercshoerrpst.ionUsbienhgavfoiourr osofilhsydwriathzintheeonprsoopielsrthieasssbheoewnnininveTstaigbalete5d5-b1y, two groups
NAME
M OISTURE CONTENT
T A B L E 55-1 SO IL PROPERTIES AND PERCENT H YDRAZINE RECO VERY
SAND %
CLAY %
O R G A N IC (% CARBON)
pH
CECa (meq/lOOg)
% H YDRAZINE
RECOVERED
Sand
-'
100.0
-
--
-
Clay Organic
1.5 0.2
69.3 27.9
96.1 1.0
trb
1.0
3.7 6.4
18.8 20.4
VAFBe
04
99.1 0.4 l r b
6.1
7.3
a) Calon exchange capacity b) Trace c) Vandenberg Air Force Base soil d ) One pari clay soil was mixed with nine parts pure sand to form a column which had good water percolation properties
Source: Braun and Zirrolli (1610)
89.1 7.6tf 1.3 1.6
55-9
55-10 HYDRAZINE wwsBdoaraiernporniicgttdpachhoasulehvinrned2eeoindcirlwsaaoleitnamttdieeldndtladhreidistssedZttfe,iaoisunhrrlhdfe.lciroogleotdswhwiil.oiolseinnnmtdSi(ilwizo1olnteeb6iaodldi1Tsl,c0ieatwmodq)yblaeuuaeloitiexdomelfianerb5nmhi5rbzasya-iene1dnt2ddte.re0wadwdfezTcorieatmrnahhnteieeen1rhsd5eielinedaeggm,athrprceia5auhnsandurniumdnealdtttgelssi1Vsoa10.sanmn0hndmoiTdcanumnLhcusldodeotmeoirnr.cbfppeoetd0talTieu.oir1ianhmnen%mtdebtineoeesrpwnhvtpee/.iawvrtrrvheceiNwhteroesneyroedodtrnitorlewhehaftceyizshtonhdaihnenytrluetldaecearzrsaawiaiasnunctaziheteitsnidnheogdeeny defh(inr1qeyoi6ugdtm1irirala0aUilbd)tzs.hariainaqenteitTugoisoehnso3nooeilulo;ugw"srrttaiiahhstdohmoeysnrodsspdrrfobtoioaiiferlzfofd.iennt"2r.he0Teehnhcymcsoedeanirnmecbauxezeettnitrenwtssareo,ceaitweltteshinadoemsnavsicdaxoaaslenrulodpcdreutbwiltoieahsidntteehadaraenm3qsfd0ruueoaleemtmsoxsuLutrirstneahoccefTotoefaadndbict0fhlefae.nae0mtrt05reo25aanu%-ctc2niteoutwnvsab/levlmeayrtfeaawtryeqeoerumrbeeentoopavuirtnehsedesedent msomtFoaboaamsribteneeerAHrvispThaaeoHldiyr1sge.p.hasrtlniayToednnthpgFeHeam,le.s+ebod3(cur-1eheppt6axte1ncfinoo2hisnrd)amenhCon,gaafte5v.*dh-e:6ySmmsdtitrniuoomacnndzeettiiemmnscdeoaoartrstoihiionllmellnoocunniaenciixttthtieeeco,rhhnoaaty-nchnedtlexgyriocaeinhaznbiacnosnerelftieggwaeshhsodeyteredbmnirwneaoadcNznrsi2etnaHmtaetesSonep+wr-HiifaiHtonnhl4oddsnvoaaiNortsrvepaiseato+irtuwowsnptahaHsswesofia8tolsh.uend ocutrhthohenynpeeddemotrenfhraHroivtezsreaiionrmdnysreooeepuanbrstttmtbyiriooeoeaentInnlnhstaatuaowalanmm.folcd(ussiocc1oollaod6enlcnauc1icdbuid2ainilldn)iteeccidssroachewnlHsosaysoaonsd.asedryifatieopHatzsuiecniooronnd(nwfude1os-elt6r.idhvar1maeo5Wbltren)aed,orha(tgfeIianhelxItidee)opipnnetacHHhctoueeatemterxyh4daecepocxhsrlattetasniheexondantenngttsoaeibsatlow.ete(ftaothhtwss(fuho1iegosaNr6ehbtp1nn2esHt2poeri)oHhrt5+npvyop)eHdnhawdwrar.aattdtozhhsiuciTeenlulnidehtlosiatmeoltraderlnpewqypidcountorrriarfoegetlnkanalueetnsoeiveofcntai.ehfecndietto,ef 55-2.1.3 Volatilization from Soils wppsfrousaalertucueettrdHiioosfooynn-crdH,amornaeafnnzoNbdirrneyjeHi'atsassh4lasatatieswhgnmanadtciafeohjrinnociegacrsmhytnacatontvinotmtarspavoponuoforslnnapppe1torinr.rl0oeittztsmoesopunfagfratr/mehmtoewmi(3dx/1ap,ty4uaew.rrqmehcusHeime,cnoohvtuwHoishlesgayvstadeoialrrltifua,zuz2athnii5tonyiconedtCinsro)(a.nvwfz/rivioonlS)lmfeindipnacesHcepostie.solintsluadAiostsirooaunnssubectradhafsaeenicneibne ainnfderwreadtefrroamt lothwe hdyadtaraozifneMcaocnNcaeungtrhattoinonest (a<l0. .(11%61)3.) for mixtures of pure hydrazine
HYDRAZINE
55-11
HYD(RSeAeZTIaNbEle15B5E-1HAfoVr ITiOnAfRoBrLmINEatiS5oO5n-I2oLnSsOoiRl PcoTmIOpoNsitSiTonUsD) IES
Soil
% Adsorbed1'
% Extracted'
% Nonrecovered4
Sand 1
2-
VAFB 58
44 14
Organic
53
25 28
Clay* 77
59 18
abcd)))) e)
IPCaPDnmieelitafrriofyacceuleersnnnsoetottniaallocuggwefteeiafoboousneffetnlwwhhodyyateddeesdcrrn0oiaal.mzzup0iite0nnper2eedocseeepewnxiedttitrht.rchesaeorcnprtadtbubeer(cledveo//vsdmfa)renpochdmooymsdiensrpdoaoitzolshiernwedessietoaihnrnsbtd0uwe.dd1atihNtedeasrut.H.reiCnx1tg.rascotiel-dfu-elmmayixiinngd.icate
Source: Braun and ZirroIIi (1610)
vow71o5r6a%l-tal1eet0rEsilo0siv(rzaoomaprlftegiosowt/rschnahmehteii2ysnoh-dnyhsrpudrarubrzarausitentzneaiesdnnheetyifrniodaarrlu9flatynhezccyridmnode5enrctadrhrhzieoaaoianlsmulseereaedsdfbtre.saaorotmmrMp2bbe1eipitx.eder5tntiurtwCrdieacidsswotheinisoretdhhfsaietwsnwiaodanewntreseCaerriOr(ef1aojvn6fueof1dnrlu3oodnh)cm.ydittdoyWtrthoalooezhfriseneaa6nent3mag.mc5beoooisnxcfuprmtetaohd/mies1nrw.0ien%i)tgh 55.2-2 Transformation Processes in Sofl/Ground-Water Systems sohraaiunoennqynmlddufutitrheatle4atHioremeo0zkuryni%eapsnednbdeeraovlratcyxiahpzroitpaidosomundtHnnaraeptdmebdil,8ioleeeswenitgnwneaart(,coita.1tresfdr6hterere0Ha0sdo8t1s.po1oni,0newagcwgm1fmett6rhviem4ge1vrie0d/0ceorL-hlu)5l,fy.codih4ihln(nidyUEo1sgdsu4t-sofrh00irralnase62vogz.gM)emeia.ndndbTet5iCsUo,sheatxueannifyltntdlcog(eredeeIeradIr3nto)me50wsfahiioaCdgmncatfhaaddeiytftloraoas,bxIbrlrEyiweepdscea-oaaton0nessntnx6idoa(idpfnconmdieweitudctiroiwnaotetaletndad/aledLis,srn1t,rotusCootmmasruubnionbge.gdent/gehLagsl<lfvlyeyih2eialot9r%ydeny0dwre%sr,epar)ad,2eteze0anoiirna%tcdf,nteieid,sttvnhhetee
55-12 HYDRAZINE 8b.e3endTaryhesepiohnratflefidl-tleitfreoedfboeproahnbydodurwtaaz5tinedrea(dy1se6gi1rn0a)do.axtyigoenna(wteidthaoquut eroeugasrsdoltuotiroenasct(i1o6n13ty)paen)dhaasbout HI(mm(ot1yigx6chd/i1rLdar5oTsaa)owhtzbriiaeoognenunaeeddnl)ndewigsbtfahmrbyosaaeusndbfnraamodoetcuiqantonetkunhdrceiiarasaoettrodfib(tf1soohht6rnoyab0dvia8oporec,xlartoiozia1dvgiv6naaimic0dtetaie9oeoldi)rns.aetsre(lepH"nu1anrh6dotooa0gmwnn9eeeeo)cfvn.fupeeetlndcarct(n,"ebetdt.ysghl,e.ete,vahfenotfeoelfxcipfnwtiorcfraeilotussnypteeenrnoaoctfpmperchemooorypnofdoecnropleailrnaeazgrntianrnatnaisetti)tirocitioinofmnmic(paab1rtt4eitaoel0conr3twi)c.a1l. 552 3 Primary Routes of Exposure from Sofl/Ground-Water Systems cpbpenmoxiroooompotnabeto-pconivTslcnotuoehuiuarlaemaitnelnetduiadetlslobex.aai.psonthvioAdcoyUesoynddunndsrrsosodaieoisrfzedicpilpreunshtarseyinteaosdheidnnioruwsdanttaivzrsouyeiaonsrnslhf.eiydmoafeirvdaisrleteaaevparcaelleipyrkdnhayaiddticlghielenohwcnpweoteavn.nycoodsodlnTainetstidnhutiolhitgeinttesgisyooee,,nensnfmthsasp.vootHiwetrshTto.ecanhvohtmeeHafrmreyptanhdtoochbterttaeaeiellhnzriitiiyctonysidotnaeinralicazdndsfzediooidtsnreiuopesfgnoogwastre.epmisnlplttTeiibsasaheerlevetorabl e eowbinxbeapsttedoehrrVisemvuocarailotneatinmiotstpinhaloaisemzstdpahoithwnfibeoaayerntyieitto.huohnenefrdrhdeepyesrdagutrsrlhtaoaiwzmndiaganeyteifsocrfnoowrnmoeodmrfietthihaofeyonddumsir.nsaipdgzoTrinsiahnaeteilotreshneiitethioeselfirmtahelairsynyoadtrsrusoaeorzipmeli/.rngeeersToepwuhnoinettthdeiran-nwgtiirmaaiomtlpueorfpnorodsrtr-yawtdsnatarcneitemtnerkms.inaogyNr o phyrodbraaDzbiislnyceh,naoartngedrseipotsrfepsheoyntdetrnastizigainnleiffoitcroanbstuiorsdfoaeugcrercaewdsaaottiefornse.xfproomsurseoidl/ugreotuondth-weavtoerlatsiylisttyemosf would 55.24 Other Sources of Human Exposure msaomauibrnciIseentnrftoeoarfemmnhvaucitmriigooaannnrmeoetenxtneptoostashmnueodrrkeisetaospu(1upr4scee1ea8slis)no. tffouNeexbolpeocdsesamultlarsoekwaitnneodgre,hayasfdsoaurhanmyzddiinrsoesanizlieisniteplsimriposiprtaeeedslcle.aonnmcTtephsoiuenngpegtnrheitsemtoanfroy potential for consumer exposure.
HYDRAZINE
55-13
553 HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS 553.1 Animal Studies 553.1.1 Carcinogenicity expoEseldevtaotehdydinrcaizdinenecaensdofitslusnuglfaantedslaivlter tumors have been reported in rodents Agm5hr7yeo.dd1tuar%opCassstze,Ba.i-nsAarieneAz//ldCemandtb6oe/i1utdSno.sec2eti%trdmhdeee,naincdirclleyeueisnwnvpogieefatcrhit6enaie.v8afsei%odtnlyoumc,mriwidinamnaeicsnsihttccehoeerbteueisodnb0efre.10tv,hh4,eef,edo0p0r.ah1i.tn2i41og8,5mht,00ha0.de2ds.o58acws6,yoe,san0sag.t(5rnr1f6oodo6,luu9pOng18..rr)d1,o,31ut.iph1m.e.3e.gn,/mTd1haug.9eyml%dtor,rues1an8ttm%il e,dnetath. rowfw1ref5iietttqihhtwchuuAee3helenoykhmsd-tesealryg.cnma/oddzssnAiaeotndeyetnehr.ni.spmelhlNgiaeOaaislovlsrsieoeaclwnnlieovselhetflrhyriepntdehlrreeeho2asxly.ziai8eoidfmxnenrmpersaiaenzgdrwtei/iinoddomeseanre-yaeetsntr(t1etfwdroa6eeiuet9naaern8tvdtemd)ho..l2hevi.nnae8Hmtdtmeashttpngeheda/redctsiao6tcwyn0re.tle8frearo%osterimloc2naeoi0nnsrfirtmwwhtohoeeaefserlsikegs.asonpaliTondrmerdehsane3elsnhmmttaromgiesn/tadstt8aee2yrd.s8fo%r cdhdH7um7h38reasegieo%mmnp/wdlLakaosBe.tnintaaneeoogsnsrkgcstIidsaroensawalnceoloetputaxeflhfeotplldaeteusheorrilexsfata)pipoeplcrvo.drtaoaesotcs(rito3tutacchoimc0irrovenece7nea5loi.8ltfnl1mueirc)or0oloTsamaSalntsm.rhydtatrermwgsciiNomaaeiilinhnnresnrec,ygicesigdaittnttdhohorehtoeilabareevmdneztseedicneianhnneresceyvhcg,oodhieyasnd2drfadut7teaimrrllv%nzfiiaoneavisczlnt.eteieeecarnar/oonneTLswcnifiamh,mtsafncruoesa1ahorcrl2lflloeaessa%2rlatawltrenirywnveefeiegcemoa(raa1reisretorai7evsccld30dn.seea4o,.odlrsl0a3cDueth(di4-lmniTare0imtsoeprhh,gtglea/ieeaocLltetsltharnoeh,eerydcdi5acglier:nni1nwhlenli0ds3eutoatur2shlmtmntoal%eetsroarsgdasn/hoomLofeawsornmierlinaaynstsea.tfe1wtre7a)r0.s swvcmgpmtuuaaruaeismrerlcsctcamieaooeitaBnspuroed(tosrnistvaamimasbsntoh.iroiiavzconly4siiearit9f,dsrmyit0wotiu8e%arotetmrnoionraeoeand(ihtpr1lndhsopu6bserrlv92itymmenia79arsdts%o)dgoeetuninrnospnca.emetoienrnmsdiyaapHntclurcitcbhyooluageyaddnllm,lttaruthuearn1octdybozr0drtdielei0snotria%hgnenaftaraodeznottrdipuidrnunrceee1paetaxm.5bisnstco0,emriyenmnHeorsdeetsceayniadasnldyietsprensr.sdreBiaticnbrtuzAatCocoriimnnrLevgadfeeee.erBeadlncmy6ss/eiBcu)e0nrpa.d%liosmflarmeaonBatithdcaccieBoneiuesc,ftA.ecihaigointLnntiortoaBcinuatndih/aadccedtodeem/neCnoneodbicsccbgmretleh/utoeSahtomedoseedfefeiedaznme1rpnexh.suditd1icahsl3emntafiectnmoimengntghaa/derleyay,
55-14 HYDRAZINE e5meTtoxvhipaace5lleeuvrMipeai(nmop6ticelc7mieoded%ngehtefen)aonyxclrdpieecxarocanposaczeioarfmidsrcnaeciaenlditl,vnosoeo6gcdo0moeil,hnndoaoitg1scuin,,enrnoeou2sftir/ocfdlueoya5ccscmytalcp,ysrpupc5hrotmioonndisoneaah1myrytyscpahde/opewarmwmareczaaeoiassknhnfetydtadedrnorieornsdvlaetehz-am1lrieone6ihpelcl-ae.aeemtp.sdetoaFdntaei.ovtlxvmhepOeoaoointslfhuwohe6rgaereelramnet(tiu1iicocfm7oenc0uoa0(rnsr8)stdc.u3iod%nibAnyos)mew6teraoexvostr.peafedol9soienfd wsf(e1uem6lrf7aea8Ltle)eau.lnbsCoygbf/gaSoaduevenanrdgoaetmisnfaaos3tr1a16%n08d9woawfedeeetekhnkseos.cmafHoraclellieopnwoarmtianitcsag.scdewTalliehlyrceeararendcimownteoienrmdiesatinnsraoo2tir1tou%nsmpoioonfrdfs1lme2in-ac1lec8elolnmasntagrdrohcl2oy8rmda%rtaasszoinf e oorfacllryHoty(o2dn8r3aozimilngefodsrua3lifl0yatwefoerdeik4dswn(o1et6ek8e1sx))h.itboitBaAnLyBtu/cm/Cobr/Sineitmiaticinegfoalcltoiwvietyd wbhyesnkiandampipnliisctaertieodn ocGEafprroihcduyiIenpdAmorRg2aioezBCnlionicgcecoiocemanafnsfpldiedodcuehtarsntysaddinrtah(adr1zeue2iscn5ecee0oda)ns.nabsdliytdsoehtriynhedderhrauizndmiaanadteanesaq(.nu1da2It5Ahe0yR)tdoCsruadfzhefiaitnceseirecmsnlaatilsntesseivfiiitndehdeelnahccbyaeodrrocraiaftnozpoirngoyeesniataniiscvimeaeaffles.ct
55.3.1J2 Genotrnricity iSa(n1ca6tlvim2vi8viHot)oyn.yeditslrolaawdzeaitbnrvdaepsthaiistbmhlmuee.ruTituaAHmg1ye5dn(31rica56z,3ii2nnT)eAvaaw1nr0adi0osu,wpsTaoAsmsi1tmici5vru3eot7ba,iignaTelntAhtiec1es5tiA3ns 8mbEueastsnchditteesTrsitgAcehw9ni8iaothtscotoxralaiicbiinsrttsyoraaoidinfnrmWaanPmg2emoafls "DantrhyoesiSodnhpacuthraekilalaaas.ree(N3ate6bog5ooi2vs)hefeitcweeostntfeotadrrlo. lia(ts3tii4enn9st0tthh)oeetfrswseeiaigxntn-eglidif-nisckplaaeonrdtvceaar.ese"scwaeysIi.tnshivaehnyldeinrthavzaiilvnoaessaasnoydmindaitdDicrncooestlolpoabhssisleaaryvbewuitth Kmte(h1xuuy6csmth2za9aSyit)ndipnoigsennkeiestsi etmeionttuaoactlaluu..talit((bou31nar66ise73nd6w1)r)CietodhshbieoisstnuteeaetrrnsmvemceeidhentaieanamdbdVosttlohe7iscar9et-aVcdhce7eytli9pldvsera.cnateizdoHlilennsynedftinowrialnalLzosciw5nra1eeina7whsg8eeaYhasiyknmbdemsroeiausunztstieenarsgehlceyothnmwrrenpoianmhttomdoamteeiitnadnetdc,ctueialncnlesgd opbersefurSsvienedda retahttaathl.etrp(e3aa6tto5mc7ye)t,netusswtinriteghata3eld.k0ailmninMecuelhltuuytrdieroanfzoiarnse3ainhmrdsue.caenPdsarDoofNdoiAbestberravel.iank(g1s6Di3nN2)fArefosdhualnymdaage,
HYDRAZINE
55-15
sihinniogtdsnritaci-fapmicteiearndnigtitoatntihneeadactrlleayhasysswdaeiyrtaihnuzishnDinyeNdgwrASaazasbilnmrmee.oaentkaeRsbllooianhlirtztybehpodehmitlmioveuetarriamualm.nud(t1ahl6giuse7nGn9g.)46ofofausmndtahleeit Sipnwodisisicstaivtmoericienoriganajmneicsotmeuds,e
sdmpoiemcremiUngaanitnvsoectg-nhleeent1dhe0usaliltesodt(e11sD62tN03(03Am)2g0as/2nyk)ndg.thhheyysddirsraawzziiannseenwinoattsriansphdeourwcitenodnteboaylblyheyddnureragizanitgnivetehineintehaaerlmygoesrutmasegecselolsf of
553.13 Teratogenicity, Embiyotaridty and Reproductive Effects
BsathodhFwsagogihanhaunnnrdryeeyfeatle,oboamddidmtlirsmtyaunutcr5rahfohiluaspaepTa0maengertlzzt%tleiluhrraacsuiiastoxronhndoerntnbslafauwreaeecnideudtmeasepaugpstoetudetdfirt.elrpruiinlfraewoiosn4eieeoevsdhrbv.lngaSecldsisiyeydvantbrtt.iuwrionaNleeaiworLelwomtlivjfonvndAstoeisefiewhttiroVatcvelhslahrlrtgrleocroiiiihitetnedrrvtnapoaempevay8poigetnnemfuedsmsetetifddapsmcforhrnawoieeloasepteneAemgatfdmdezexwyud/nwdilrkefa2arBnsedbiaelgeimlr0e3*yriednofirvss07eonagaordtihemesa%nrjsrnxdwryome2mlseaaisdtmodrcig4wehtlntgenpatrihtrboieiho/etaontepeohtkiuininyz.rionhootgto(sid7ppennusno1trfr0rrrateTpsrsee6mem%ahoorlpsoyt3vhetwvee.ufafr.hfe9,e.ediosilseddaa)lsdleraeeoI.yretTeltosdAneewethalx1hdehtapalPnee0ihdstmlrernnrxdihrereaegmoesiadneoaeoeemfpeatgmaeinstualeremhoonewygamlgn.csnisysssurlanthetbussddaoisnweomoI(ot1ruewwttdgonernfoae-nrpbren2fjeecnreWtnehosesarheaadggtcrdnayenetglailitoodlsampnyviiastotenoyrdfrictezaidaofexiusnnagaonylrddenntezysd.gfmabreattiaoerdehnetmua2talenfhihyem(eunt1ntsVdsdsdysVsdeioedraie(nwawtlwitwvna1yrsytrladheazseae7eeitmdnitimsirefhza7rnnhlesi1eimtet8eeitnetiuen1i)naatpoedara-,itlhalnc2inehecBlvBentlt1jtpwidey*ioeaeed)vto)erihxcc.to.terrrveitihyhVecmcteededaietmAiecSdilathrptdoloyibladlaaanrpvs.smeaiznoi.ceemnnfiivercnloiiHyneneeoertddngnahetldef
wsgIdtgesmimaniotixeeboggexooassnwsnrnFisttdmeecoiaaitai-effKrsttsiriirecsiccmniceoaoefuohaacelflntnaamsnneodleeeclaatrnttcireepllllttehcyydip3slxelddyeeut4hshitdtaaioen4dbeiiyyrmwfbgcalelsoyrerihlde9hbct.ae7erieyrrttan(r-etfspodye1s9hog.sohre,6riaaonatlda3atlehrHz13sln4tbuieot0ihh0ny)hones-yadeem1)idscmsdl..rif2riogfarataiiteynnanlnztorIicszitinereufnwtiitsainsntthecirea1tuetai(moe3hssiens(an-wfude9et1gttelpnpa.eh5rrya4detstayoarhrrrdupilvge-neypearpsenmrvct.ear.ouieorerzibnumteraci0rvoepnaMguly.enexesea3torsdpee.(aanatt6daetniiooren.gltrT1exlyghraiiyoinmenhcatcvurnioateioseistnenlbt.nhndlosjisytitnteie,rso,soc1vtcowxmht.fgitelb5eidihelrctodetaoeheoihiditnpnnrunyeaeaiimc5pgmnrttecw0eaceoaawmmataionnmdlensisotfdbtted)rgshhroe.nrdot/yvysskecul5oehdissseTgrd0tuo)orio.eo%enrosohwxnnpcfgnyfieetFtcde1dooiprdipeori0tefaftntahnysiaaybzmtro1lsthiowolr2nhegespf7aie/isltk-sstihfi9toogeogytant/nedrwdnutrorhadssawuaeeyszpasio.snne
55-16 HYDRAZINE
553.1.4 Other Toxicologic Effects
553.1.4.1 Short-tram Toxicity
.
drfhCoayeNrbpdSbro4HasitdizhtyiiiondsoIuternnurarhsfzaboainrfnaloadnerttchiicoetseeshn,laelruohahrltfeaaimgrihtshya(nl6d5tyeo0r9clac)romo.zogirsngirci/esoakslgihisvdaweavishlectsiuoolaermlbhltpaihbgnoeheucelenypnsde,trroawcexnupihdctoiacratnhtineesddsocuauet(ns2hd,eLpa4rDLmo6Cd)a.ugicseTeis9rh1meleissaumtonlertgydia/nkltgagoLsxffDir5oco7rWme0ftofhpffeeapcttms.
Jacobson et aL (1640) reported the toxic effects of hydrazine on the central cDnroeeesnratvsltetohasusns,otchscfyaousdrrterhdmeyidf.dfiwrcRauiztolhitndyineebnvsrteasevpaeeotrhxrapinliongsh,eordaauntrstdsoiosehxfrypehdepyrroadirezrtinanezcdeiendvteoacpeobxoneprvo6u(scElusor-ino0ecn.5esncTmtarhna/edhtrisoekxn(i1on7pn8hpo0tte)hr.samtlametaeobdsi).litwyere
cmlointhuTtwehierthedseu3rlmtmedaLl itnoofxtihhceyitdydreaoazftinhheyodafrpatpwzliinoeedanitsoimwtaihdlseel6syh0daavonecddum9b0eenllmtieeisdnuointfes3l,abrraoebrsapbtieotcsrtyifvoearlnyoi,mnaeafltse.r A bth(ah1puo6eupr2nrlai7secr)dae.otafiaopotnrpf.eeaaaTptrmpahlneeinccaert,a.tibtohbTniethweawafhafsehircceehtadedsbauefsrctkveaiirmnvetedrheeddhrdahydey,ndsbercdeaaezl,ynint,uecarrnnculeeossdtttehhbdelwtuaiazen,esddtrhienpemfrnlioaobvmreredotdow. nbtWreewfaioitttrhmheineahn2etdaralyinn,dg
vsrhheltpaheaapyyegrrbeiddrudybcrrtmrieiuiKaantamrzztsgbmeaiihennblpndlayeieeeeeteldr.roxgscrccuioraoesouAselztntmutseicaentsaepdnbxielon.iapeoerntcrotof(er.wot1uscamdnu6tseteTlci2reeycoree4nnhomnn)etre.ttxaprorilpelneaeTlrovtn1ascihse5ietouoesii%cnsodtntriasnsogdnotsaweocbeirtlsooaeae.92ndsuty5w%tsesN%atdehheioenoxaeanweapnbsdnrhonistaghshyo.atnuydreeridrprfSeeidraotaceionuusoavtudsronneosarthefthsehiyxluoyteydtcrpndsderhaiprnraoneoaoaztnmszfrzi-sinotieinhnsecfpweye.aitaddelhaobrreDenbraesrduaozme7inrtmxn0atapohie%sltsteaiteoneweldxsnienaenopcqcrfcrooeoeuirofsnleesluodfoaohiorfsiwsuyecuedsawainnnratiidegantnhzditisnhneaerutimna
vTsRhEtainheacohlavjecceueteeusucrscretmoSstLirgiltcooaeuoyDiavnnnslfla,eoiemtndwmsfaivoonaiitaattsnclhhhlisnriuneendoiwge6ncsf.h0Tcreafm-oierotig2amAtperahy0sylbe0ephedlsdrriaytvomeeSldelesnvdplrgr,eeuoar/(akemwazso1lngeige7fanblsud7aseeh6e9rwry0s-ngg)idDeomieumrnvsdafmatietwgluznmaea/idilkrrnnneiiiogceeydtnaurodtwfohsrrstcbaeayhatlorhtodpsoisnpderewwaivawrideepuiteditsedtallov.oslhtnaaimshiotennceCoonaaudlgoslroteolekhnsyrflwneweaet4rsdewitoto0sefhaliiildhlnrssiemnserntfobtpagoh5tfe4a/rmsketthwmgoh2wiyhtco4eoideheynuecrrpythunrheaedasotozrteu8viinooansnr0adczfjsecayier;anuintciinnaeetontdhts.edldra.wdedaut1LeiipcwlToe0riieevdpn0eihdrtei.ihedrwamtfsolaiwsgnttoo/heakfiatgnel.r3.
HYDRAZINE
55-17
hhfpdinaiereshtpotttieydoabclutivtoitcecoagedrcidgc,ualisounalhltnacaotthhtwiihnoaeeinndodp.gunrecegostArx.iboenimaynitmaepolrarfletfscutarybtpetturaoyeltceitvhnsraregcooaumfatoentedlihametPwiao-ikl4tnsih5dw0anpfiewttiypehh.reirdchoPiheynrtdyechrltayarulbezsuaimenttdemoaxlateeirdnaedettae,ewtcmapriterhemoandsiptceuhrcoineDsndoeotmpbhnlaaeoerltebiexointtnaezlnyomtf eof
mmdpmm(mahieiiytottegosoosgacccpWambhhhhmeoooaioctnnnikloatidddaopcmbrrrchiiiidhaeoaaaysonlsanaodl(msifdbprghtrtieeehiaaimrrtaielna)ybt3mefratedagdaefnlnart.lpfeyear(r7rssor3ogm87oditen2eafdddi2ymnhau)sa)yyacnsosdleatedfdrunoadWdhfsztioytiehynitdmdshyerthdeeaatyttrrzhridcaimeeonrrzaaanieecnttzstmhseitenraenpeetenlntlr.oaagtento,ceamgIesfbttadmeCuitwnnetoaeatdnn2wps+,theawfwyroeTsheu1iric%hnlaeoeedlcmithhtnthooyhecestmdartayretliaancbhzsaaoeeiemlrncdpmaepoamrauitdnoilnceipetinetgoriftgfoiaernst3oicf
IfTaaponclhhsltcdooiervs)ei,Hpcitanayhsaajueanegidstndcheitdidiagtioanhchntateieintvohaspietionfhnyld0uocco.rasb7Hpeftleaehomtcsnhohefmhiarsoryaiolnjdcealotnemrusi/ozoekiylnrn(gamu3esom2oeefc5fo(w8gtPhnh)layAucesidecnPnrolpvi)astvaerzeersaai.rtanctiltgeiluioeavpniltintewytd(of3iait.nths24ht-4ietfanhohgelerrdfi,rfs)leaeiavctifsneittnrsecaraooldiufwfvrseehahernddiycaudthlralritgnaatlzcimamiiynnnaleegdclelrsyio.etcWnaedsHreieosyctliladni(rrn3aeP.rz5daAi-.tnPse.
55.3.1.4.2 Chronic Toxicity
of veTryhelomwajleovrietlys ooff lhoyndgr-atezrinme svtaupdoire.s reported in the literature deal with inhalation
0omp(1,npo6m0en3.t25yThh5)eosyaeodraex.rrnxpada1ozHmisndpeaieodpmn,gmessFCttei5hfhsro7cyesrhBdwelr3Lora8en/z6r3giemn4-mte4ore.ierncrtmteaaAhtissltneloefpaafdn0oend,scfittmo0-sGer.a0xool51psfl,2dowf0semrue.ne2rroe5eeSn.bytoehrarxissap,e1nomshpheyipadcdmemr6asfhztoheiyrnrodseu1rr5atisonz/mdihn0aaoe,ylna,0att.hn5i0osd5n,d,,bar0ayVe.tsa2se/g5wmfl,eeooer1dktoo1erfg8tosr5atlo.
ddbheIocaenxxolieaifsslfhpnvmeoelrieocaaabsdelsmIntstoinunsueteopmirtr)cnterecseteaxga.odidnthptnlieiayoogtoNivtrpnnsenhqeaeeneelousdtra.eothppenrlfsileltadtvNaatoohliessiroosyrzmi5eoqand,ept,dusdarhpkreaabaopoeilzmadnldermfeimndtnuoesteelcuyhprxhsy.tlsie>ee,yioovncrdimtuIedndiihrnelsoaeeayesscrsstzr,yeraailioaissefnlpmnfittadeeerle(esai,mpocecpsiatpadeiniisnntahtochhwddyiwrfnweoieecelafolfareialoreduafesrtegmrmemietvietchoaemnhiinbelniaecenaosclhtbcterfmreoargreeasrntevlnaottahyaegssseinesgdetesaeedndndrixwcsirned.phliresnuiaoinirtddnsHrsaettoeeagtraheggdicainvmetnsteteutesnctonramoreteisatoeosrfion5stadafnriedeshtecse,pecirycvdthpooldaresaamstforriimaopcnysdt.zhsfhnseiyietaxengnHte.xnheerpatagntseonoehmeepdxwssehrsepaiitwdgtltoetihrhivrseavuesercerrerh,ee,a
55*18 HYDRAZINE Acccgrtitnhuaooordmteennnsteattchonhrrtlaeeruoooingsrlldmdtshhei)traenhdayhstoatratohsoftnmuhailahdesmas5nvatt0psde(em%t4hrole/ssyl1r1tytd6seeoa3p/rsrf7f1sataste6,enztwvd0rhidhsn.e.eove1rbw0semrw.y/eo1ecaa1vn4aots/ec5re1mrhc8,oriima1naaftplthoisacinneanbosedltnlycexeeetohrnrovnmoioobabtflmrislistuteoi)tianreelnsvdsanghenutiwadndcbmieinenarrtnshghatetiateegstlnnrnhasadooti)ssiitcn.oagcadnlseustNs.oarattusrleitveimeCostedptuoloielmcsrliavoaynssoe,nlsmllrtsy,pesms(mrss8taiaiwmo6gtlm(l/nea16trirnha9/fe1iuiec3lc4yhmaa55vlbnbssaetvo.pen.nsrp0d.oism/gIb20tnto9s/hn1,lew1ye6rlirvyanv9oiesneiladdi.nt hbr7shpe6yoyp%ldddeorryeraaRnotwzzeeiifednnasuinteeghbldhtwfeysotle,rirCovravfee6otorsmma.,dmnes7iiottaA5miondn%ncat.gkhel,smsoNeiirfitsneaructvearhrowgLvoeuliavpvl(seam1esdryd7ai.7clbiose1nrof)Sea.aaitenghtvdn6hBeids-iynm8seo0gunto%,frhtnv.efttiaohvotexAiifnnighclgdlutyithedaydoernoafaiiggnnmztsucdihnalierunletsedreevieaeenxemdxphappolealieroorgldasisssm.tesiledoieoxpnnpfittdoo,satspd65ue0peddm%peytotgiowst/oeimet,f1ir3o8.eltonhmsesigndo/motfhg3se, wwhswepprathexenyppieevdeptddmmerhesuorkeer3acsHshehhu5ezelayyydi%xiranfvudddepafeern,trr1toreataao6shcyrzzza-fecoeii2indhnenlnnmt2idxeahevte%ati.pneenoKvctrogouoamBseia0cconpnusnre.huitok2rcidaias(tereneg1lnoayuevl76ergeder.aon7xeyluh12dsdpu(tH.so1)heooel.pu7drygisspsro7De.stswmdoc,2o/eyrd)elRRaottarhet5rohgeeyhyetie,cdcpip5rscooa5ropueuualfprdmsldnztpoeu4eiatmmxcn0cdsiyyan%eeostmwdtrh/noveweeysikrao1snriedmepusf1eaeryol%iktattsatrirsh,tzole,efsiencoSnodnohorpfeutmenolorcyma6tficiaeni.ccndgoaltemuouueglAlrwr1oeelorom-0lxanuelDb-npetsdi1vhitxliaon2ymtaspwsei%.lneonacufldsoelotesduFlyrnsiyotnrosco6grerhlwealsdenoom1taitosnwtwuesgrophxreiaasnanppandntttglmeioedtahoxdrsmtns8iepiIcbosodtCooouwondsrnwRtteeeetonserdedi1tonramku1retoutstdemioroocypoeuatp51foslmly2 mdmdprmeepeyaassgmopclceecrrenIaoicfnRberoptriedrhhvaadieaenat9.sligl0youAe.inCsndiarovamoInynonFfdosltvo/intmonrerhkreumcoeeseonypueluksniolSvs,teltyeeyySdsermwstxp.,eepiormnfraroaepsgst2uhut0sCyroee,e-onedD9mnue8tacgom,woleeachanlacnenyeraydddrsalriea9oadtul9inzobok%iacinnonluelcoymomy.ifnrteoeantrBtchttsioaoen,n(ltfai3hilctlin0yetvdr1nreoaa2rttItrf)isCw,aottnaRaahinnoseidnSncimswnomtmhoiohsniafsmeclkea0aeolt.ulysni7bonhs8,in,gonaw(rosn0aatend.tum2dsdd,5riyc-eaf1eanno.ta3dwntl8ya)masnicde, 553.2 Human and Epidemiologic Studies 55.3-2.1 Short-term Toxicologic Effects orefpcohrTrtheodne.icmianjhorailtaytioofnroerpodretrsmoanl ehxypdorsauzrinee. tVoxeircyityfeiwnvaoclvueteincdaussetrsitauldrieeslahteadveexbpeoesnure
HYDRAZINE
55-19
ApiHiaeaFmmxnfoofeepdstpmlbleterow-rrerhOoiwidanilevesnesiigewnanewewtacgasaeaebcltinllsdtitayloodherswsnevpepthda,ioroonoietimhlrcmgafdakewitrdteal"eaeiasnidcnbcdstwctgeoaipdtpldatwblouihnypesufepnedcetevihtdtlnaimhscaloolovreaalsuugoeitnnpsemlnmkd'dgcostiioenontnmfsniurntoaHstooeighctodmnm,eifnmowuohhuwilrortisishsiyassfttnesioepoeaahunsthrnayarsmpodnd.etcisdrsaolupvastHpoiaehzttclfdnihaeeunuodlenelnwcw"2ttolhwiaraetuoorawgshalfsycsdsepu.tVheeminrtnykdieaHctdoospalorv.atimonspanersszomidTtcecnisenoniwetoddne-sBnueiiedvnt*blstivegh,yvtr4reeieief8ogbRslthenutrvueihdoasioricowhutndntiuterioae.omdrsdns(s1star6.htleona3eptd6Heno)rr.orie.gtrehmadtlasolt.o hpyudruraNlezIniOnteSdHvisacph(o1ar6r.2g5eA)wbreoerupeot rottbeensderhevoyeuedr.isnjaTuferteymrpineoxrapaorGysuebrrmlei,nadinnnfeflaassmcteomnraystuiwoedno.,rksewrelelxinpgosaendd tao 55-3-2-2 Chronic Toxicologic Effects indusTtrhiealmexapjoorsiutyreofancdhrmonaiicnltyoxinicvitoylvdedatadeirnmhaulmoranisnhaarleatgieonnecroantetdacftrowmithlohnygd-rtearzmine. wmhnlcfwMaddrtetrhlauaohoaoxnelaieeeoo.snrsosevinpcdmnvtrarchmnagerdoedkrsppc,o(etaotAlseioserh1pcoxrhtrlsusnlrseeiu6sirieeppmeaorcvsod.fha4msoneohenae1caer8amdsadpract2sulneAgu)halnuoediyd.lcecalraeadbdvrfcoie.snebttreranerceTyeaedaderdyutaooaxtHxwdsehseosrnaaofiwhpktngdmfeedmteslbutoiehteiaehcdruriryvrnrtiyntatniyaoinnhmietkinhdebnedcncahrteaeefreruhtndthlr.seyltrahinawaatiecrimeslpstezoeuifmzedaitHtidianicidontfinissnenfmonisoohsngereniaetunlogndalsm.ao,ladeb.rotngfidihtntnvasoeebaewidhidSctedsoecelfrlFahloelaidsrotdnseynrdrdpmoelctbtudogwemgakloeieir2eerlantynknvvooifxh0eaend,ttdifeinewtphdyldleeyatloiylcodcdho.ccmonoyihohanfshasere.ppechnymiyiesgatyyawteEedyjisd,wizdsmevduEdasdrhxitrea,tolfnnarxraratleoanrofezecoaaeamtaozlekvdaintzvlmnilinvifooew.entiinhevdnnemerewsnittaeyita(nr.ieanhoto1cdlceiset,iatelnefxesh6lnrxiapocdtevTodiga4epitrcoorasfooan,ezh8gioninsmnnstilsdn)eehes1nwuhtdcoogduvae0eiireneconestevfpvercitigorfeibdeanterirheftcnssnnksaaeeebhlghr.ogwisowtdmytwodceniie.apfstsiadlsaordouoFteleaienleshmmsrarrfisbiosdEedrvti.senunlxriieee.hsvblnotdleogpidnodraftyaexnTopeeinwoindrgTlrtarrnohatlsmhsarmiiersehhrutnntnemanerdvltheoe(rdaegyzahee1pheenlcirtdteawdnd6.rrlefttaoawliobaroh9aetoiasve.bthermvhyaa7ssrdreAhyahii.ectsu)rssaatufHhdykc.fp,eSmowbgdodotitUxtlneoioeioooemcarulenuFmtgsopsuaansfnrastdultc.pwtslteeeulotonbreaaeyyl,riioaeinit5oldnrsabeeltanttrtttlenyghmehe.aoniehvbtdldeaerdiyeaiehagsafgilteettslahoedhtenerfde seeyxtmpaopl.Astuorm(c1eas6sl3eef7odo)ll.ftoowhAyiandfgrreeamomzciaincsluees-ipoilnaantdbiuooocnrfeaatdtlhoereinyxsfpyltaomemscuphmrtnoeaimcttiosaor.nyhdTyddeehvrremaezltaoientpcietheidnssuiwclluifaaapsntuers.aenepTdroyerthrtbemeedrrinaibdaayettionoRstnuiecsiaod-llfeikntwebienrg
55-20 HYDRAZINE ht(tghweyecendhhreotnateiizchccihianatndern.iac'nsiitaeAcvnwree,tlhrlhbsircbuahbtelugehntinaaohssteaxbatdphneodeensnoteswtdseiihffnftfon;oewecshntHsy,oytdnodrrarapstazhhrzi,neiendefte)aiw,stwpiiignnoeu.sreveeiBtatsroonuotdb,hlusblepwolqouwoucsm.kegneerdtanlydIwegcGehfreaevlpleersrnloogddweuedvcateciwloeointptyhelbadytoitrnhse, a mosCPhceoycosrouwtpcirAcanorirrdedbafneoitecailto&lelwon.iwenTweN-founaooxrprcihkctaeyeidpodCrdnisrdhiasteeezimmxroinepniiepoacooalsleorelxhgtdNpeeidcaotearsowliutnshrspety1r(ud1o9adr7b7nya77ldze4timao)nm.mesayohTo(dn1cahaga9vetr7eahd7syibtancudeloldreutianysnztaviecrvnoroeaelnpivolcoweaflrmbuothrldeeeekde)naedrtrwatsntahadwsattatrnaseoctphkaocesroctichrnelraduenOslactinleetirinonofwas wecmtciRhnoaxoyoetevnpndarcnecocrkolselTasrteuhrduziddh,gadiersnedaaeeoietd.ntwtcehshdaeuestheHxrhrbrycbpveaosdisyotctwn.raasaoanWneunngzvt6oarciieae1enlaenylro..lerd4zi,bcee7pavTiedxtnrritephoiodsfsxoeuahdokpslsarou.uoelaucllbcr(asotlt1esdisgcneoe6oaedgrn(3c,bub-vi8tsedaaeefe)eontdut.rsnewrdrmdomaoePat4tefwetloihnaodrdlailnnuttezeha1ttnaaahlogsritroaatfthdeynctc,cescdaaowimtuixnhprrpa1dcprpems0aeesleotrssacoippwayolrndpomemsnetcemshrapetaetesilnoltvehhtteoebobysxbseadeopittvntzrawfhosdeaai.seetnszuwheesienero6nsedaxete.cs6ipilm1fa5etvseo9ovtamacre4eepttdh5xaleeo4yplddro0lwade6fnariievctndanxteahmezdxtladuie1pehnine)9onroye.st)7nsd.w1wulofry.Worahafrezs7oai8nll(ud4en9g 5533 Levels of Concern aAan2nd,oswtTauahtsrieponensOctooSffhHuppAmoosta(se3ninb5tcl3ieaa9rl)scksiskintnaionngpdeaeannbr,sedotarrniapsdtti0ioor.n1enc..opmpTmmheeanvAdeCsraGegxeIpHdoso(uv3re0er05na)onch8la-ighsshoieufirrestwhhoayrndkr-0sa.h1ziifnpte,pmwasith a"npirmobIaAalsbR)leCanhd(u1m2th5ae0n)UccaSlraEcsisPniofAigees(n3.h7"y4d4r)azhiansegaisvean2hBydcraarzciinneogaenB2(ic.el.a,sssiufifcfiactiieonnt ienvdiidceanticnegina 553.4 Hazard Assessment seohhkxfyeicpdntiarht.HeateomzySitlndoieigvexnrneaitrns(z1.aiaon6nn2fedId7tai,cscinosu1aent6paev2sbhut4srirln)oiso.ttrinioobsgnx.eisdsc.kCavithnTiiaoehmnatenhiidcnemacmlalluujbuondurcgerosnhu,asisngstcaomoasrltneeorxmgoiriiabecn,srtufaweilsnntetediifgnirniharogltrmsittlraoisnansksccti,,tlnuwaadcneecodaonkfntatnahvtetcurystolssu,dwagenvihtgothemiannlnieittqdrainuacgiattdi,on sbuoltfhaAtem,nicpuermoadbnuedrcerosaftassth(u1idg6hi7e8si,nhc1ai6dv9ee8n,dcee1m6o9of9n)ps.turlHamteeopdnaattrhoymataadhseynadnormdazaihnseepa,angtdoivcaeandrecmninoaocimanrlaycsinahsoamhvyaedsbriaenzeinne
HYDRAZINE
55-21
Nibpotnebyoescssgtiiiesdnatriehtvv(in1aevec6ldeae2fti8rinionoe,dfsnium1nn6lfgtaio2csssr9eah,wlota1ernpvr6eoeeea3lt2yyben)]edeoaebtrnoeuwrdt(aar1silei6tlnpys3oo5bamwr)st.ieumetrhtdvaoHeguhfydeosydnerdriinrcaahaizotzhdiysniaontem-imenmisissetnmuedamlraifnsamautttetemealxdegpat(elh1oasn6assiseil9cnad8syi)tvntu(ioadv1anoy65d7vii9apnsar)p.dimmseeitgbiycnhaeoiytfadfi(cb3raml2aenz0i.tci2nr)oebbbiuaatlse
ToihdnnuyfohdrtioVesirnndaiWwtlgzyadiaimngtuspheeirasnairwtrnttaetiBgertgariialoeberanapudrlatrllerlooytsdewotos,eruecarafdltotettihepuotedlrnnherodaeidostnhtudftoaca1itntnm0hibv0eslep%eaaftteeeroemtftl,fueembetstmchreoatyasbisn.oli,rintltyeasyhIotuinihngbabtaeimrcatlnauioeopttssnnoateiegnrsaroietado(foo1tfyusnff6,ssee3gptwaa4airlnii)lint.njohgegricrnitoondiwocfebnrrtothmesrda.eyaosalefCtwdea8oedp-sipgamurhdlsaigcmtct/esakbiptgn(iuto1iitshbn6tyi3rrsldeai9tosrt)yuia.folzntiende
55.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS vscshtphtooeoiellakraldeatetcDsigadlptireeitaog.mytceeneratoS;emtofodrafiiihclnnsayeaaaasdlmtnryrisdeosaphpinzslowrienuessoae,hlsftd,eoeqntrcuubhtalaaseedrlateiicmitvbnyoieespcnallcfucresieoedssenqumledsturdhrpaiasornliateeuncimdtoleedtnpdhtsolbaeeowmefpaiatprcnhnheoladyeivllndslyeelrtnasc1iatcbut4zaeocilldnhordaesapistayrnoeissonrsgayforsidiefroaaultmindsirlgaai.nhamblyngtlpsadcislnsioa.wnknmgsat,.DpatedilunerIueenpcrrloetsaioqlcdlwauedtticihierttthseeii,oosnnnaontadond ciEaaohnnPnrdaAiolzymdH-ataetiaycpirotdaipovnlrrgaaomrtdzvaiieveepntetdheehscyoitpisdonwrrvoni(.otco1hlet1vd4eaiuns2rcn)deliuretfrerdoocievrgodaemttnhaimz-empaethoanionondsnagepldyhtashnoifesrdouroEsaftPnhdahAeelyy-tddesaircnesatsaoziolgriynfn,seiatmshtieeasodsfndsaopesrztrpioiveoaacrvctitaotriyivmoleamppbbooeleylutl.eungrtdaHasosn,rotwhsa,yedavflrneaardmz,ieanonense eidamtionrxdenaetsdparaioezaisrrIdauctbnhttrsieteeaotaoddmhndhetidpyvhdnidlohetteeoirlytsouaesdnmazecirs,ittmanheoazaerpyivo.nllNcaefeoaiIslamecO.aixebrpSttlAraoHetathuec-(rrnat4oedpa0uatnspo)gg;d.rehodtnahvSeatneeraciadmtvsoulyaonpbmztrlteiebiaezndeteicgnhnobitotnnahydtngieasgdfisahontoshayridnndecitgnaruhhalmryesztosuriinmaelsafenauacsitasert;eloitydcpatgshteriwaseearcifpoitaordhhfnreymsdchduowyeil2satddi-tittrnfiehlubaglderzyadaidnsdleifdewlrrlieaaciachvmwatoayeimetdngrieevgptleooisasutonardes mighAt bdeetiencttihoenrlaimngite foofr htgy/dLrafzoirneaquusienogusthseasmepmleesthaonddsuwga/gs fnoort ndoente-armquineoedusbsuatmples. i2ann-hdwydavVtaraeonrrxiilyoloi-urnl-s.wnsaaDppseehtcetttehrwcaotalpidotheenorhstyloid(mm3ei4,ett2ssr6iilv,cvae3rmry54enf7triht,orom3ad1tse1su8ha,ban-v3dpe0pg2mae4ll)sa.ottoinbTp,ehpe4emn-dcuiocmsmoeendptchleetynxoltiarndmagetitinaeoorgnbmesne.intnszeailnhdcyeldhurydadezein, e
55-22 HYDRAZINE
55.5 REFERENCES Nthoetye:apTpheearnoinnstehqeuemnatsiatelrnbuimblbioegrrsaopfhyth. e references reflect the order of references as
2. ADmoceurmicaenntaCtoionnfeorefntchee oTfhGreosvheorlndmLeinmtiatl VInadluuesstr,ia4lthHeydg.ieCniisntcsin(nAaCtiG, OIHh)io.1980. 12. TCSoolanxyisct,ooInlno,cgG.y,.D3r.;dCrleavy.toend,.,FV.Eo.l,. e2dAs,. 21B98, 1T. oPxaicttoyl'osgIyn.dNuestwriaYloHrky:giJeonhenaWndiley and 21. TGercahynsoonlo,gMy,.;3rEdckerdo.thN,eDw.,Yeodrsk.:1J9o7h8n. KWirikle-yOtahnmdeSroEnsn.cyclopedia of Chemical 40. oENfdauAticonanataliyoltniIcnaaslntidMtuWetetheoloffdarsO,e.c2cnDudpHaeEtdiWo.nCa(ilNnScIiaOnfneStaHyti),anPOduhbiHoli:ecaaUtlti.ohSn.(DNNeIoOp.aS7rH7tm-)1e51n79t-7Bo7,.fVMHoeaia.nlu2th.al, 46. PPrhoilcatdoerl,pNhi.aH:.;LHipupginhceost,tJC.Po.m1p9a7n8y. .Chemical Hazards of the Workplace. 54. NSiettwig,JeMrs.ey1:98N1o. yHeasnPdubboloickatoiofnTs.oxic and Hazardous Chemicals. Park Ridge, 59. TLPioebexrriacroRyloeovgfiyeMwDaeCdtaoicmiBnmaen'istkteM(eT.EDDBL)ADRaStasbyassteem1,9N84a.tiAonvaaillaLbibleratrhyrooufgMh ethdeiciNnea,tioTnDaBl 60. UMU..1SS6..4CC6o5oaa.1ss2tt GGCuOuaaMrrddD. 1I(N9A7Sv8Ta.i.lCaWbHlaResIhUSiSnHgGtaoz.nPa,r.OdDo..,CuSs.:tCoDchkeepmNairoct.aml0eD5n0at-t0oa1f2RT-0er0pa1on4rs7tp-oN2r)to.a.tion, 67. VCehresmchicuaelsr.enN,eKw. Y1o9r8k3.: HVaanndNboosotkraonfd.Environmental Data on Organic 202. oHIMnnutoemntrhoanegnarstEa.iopvVnahalosuli.aoAtn2igo9etn.hnGecoyefEntfveohavrelauR:CaetWaisroeocnairrnlodcohfgHetonhenieaclCtCRhaainsrOkccriengoroafg(nICeiAznhaiRectmiCoRni)c.i.sak1ls9o8tfo3.CMWhaeonmr.kicIinaAlgRs GCtoroup 295. Underground injection control programs. 40CFR144 298. Air contaminants. 29CFR1910.1000 309. Constituents prohibited as other than trace contaminants. 40CFR227.6 355. Federal Register 1980. Water quality criteria documents; availability. 45:79318. 361. SSuecbopnadrtarGy d2i1reCcFt Rfo1o7d3 additives permitted in food for human consumption -
HYDRAZINE
55-23
504. QNautiniocnya,lMFiAre NPFroPtAectRioenpoArstso4c9i-a1t9io7n5. 1975. Hazardous chemical data. N- FPA
505. NRaeaticotnioanlsF. iQreuiPnrcoyt,ecMtiAon: NAFssPoAci,aPtiuonb,lic1a9t7io5n. MNaon. u4a9l1Mof-1H9a7z5a.rdous Chemical
506. GNaatsieosn,aSloFliidrse. PQruoitneccyt,ioMn AA:ssNocFiPatAio,nPu1b97li7c.atPiornopNerot.ie3s25oMf F-1la9m77m. able Liquids,
507. mMaanteurfiaacltuSraefrest.y Data Sheets and other safety-related data from chemical
511. AE0H7na6mvt,aireyPotaBhnmom8ad0,e-n2fHot2ar.1Kl0d.0R;e5teC.esrhemaerninc,hiJnJgL.a;tbhdoeerVactoeomrrayp,,aEtCi.biRnil.ci;tinySntoaeftpi,hheaOnzHas,r.dRoE.uDsP.;AwSaRstrteeopsm.o,rMtDu6.nL0i.0c,/i2p1-a98l800-.
535. SCuobusntcainlcoesf.E4uMroapyea1n97C6o.m(7m6u/4n6i4ti/eEsEDCi-rOecJtivLe12o9n, t1h8eMDaiysch1a97rg6e). of Dangerous
538. C19o7u9n.c(i8l 0o/f68E/EurEoCp-eOanJ CLo20m,m2u6nJiatineusaDryir1ec9t8i0v)e. on Groundwater. 17 December
541. 8DC139oa/7un266ng;4eca/irlEsoEuoasfCmE;Seuunabrdnosedtpdae8nab3cny/e4s7DC.8io2/rEm7ecEmJtCuiuvl)eyn.sit1i79e97s/66D.6i3(r7/eE6c/Et7iC6v9e;/Eo8n2E/C8M0-6Oa/rEJkEeLtCi2n;6g28,2a2n/87d28SU/eEspeEteCom;fber
787. '
7LAOMC5auoca/but4groe0uncblh9csleiti/nlEr1g1Eo9197fCo6907f7E,;;9uD17,ar41a8so/n3J1pag/u4e4mel4a6yr/ne7oEn1/uEECd9seC7Eod5SmC,;ub2,mb79ys26ut9/6nMa99ni0Jta/ciu78ree/l1cssyEh/.EED12EC19i7r98C,e73Jc,13)ut;.01inv97eDe3Me/1o1c9na4e6r6m7cC/.hEbla(Ee61srCs97i6/,f159i9c24;7a586t7/i;E0Jou/n7E1n,98C/eP98/3a-E1c19OEk/7EaJC3gE;,iLCn11g,4961a5,nd16
1142. MaUn.eSaal.yssEuirsnevbmiyreononrtmsgaeBnnritcaanlccoPhmroIpEtoeRuctnLido,nRcaATtgePge,onNrcyyC. .(EUPSAEP6A00)/1109-8800.-1M04e.thUoSdEs PfoAr lPervoecle2ss
1219. Values were estimated by Arthur D. Little, Inc.
1250. oHIMnnutoemntrhoanegnarstEai.opvSnahualsupl aopAtn.igo4etn.hnGecoyfeEnotvehfavelaRu:CaetsaWieroaconrirnclohodfgHoetnhneieacClCtRahanisrcOkceirrnogo(faIgnACeinzhRaiecCtmioR)inci1.sa9kls8o2t.foWCHhouermmkiaincngasl.sGIrtAooRupC
1337. MSoeceietitnygo. fVTool.xi6c.olNoogy. .1,19M86a.rcThhe19T86o.xicologist Abstracts of 25th Anniversary
55-24 HYDRAZINE
1402. MFaqloaurceiNdoaua:usgCshoivtlouilnti,aonnMds..GER.n;evpUirorordntam,NeGon.t.AaCl;EDBEeoDvweOelon-pTmRSe-.E7n8t. -1O191f7.f8iTc.eyO.ndNxaiTdllaIStAioiArnDFo-ofArhc0ey5d8Br2aa3zsie9n,.e in 1403. MEfFuonearglccsiNneoeanBeuragtishnhetge,onFaan,lcotdMrividS.aGaete:r.;dvEiFcsnealgusridmnCgeweeenarpltidner,rog.cJeaN.AsnsTd.I1RSS9ee7Arp9voD.ircT-etAhNL0e8oaeb.5fo1fEre8Sac6tt.Los-rToy.Rf A-a7mi9r-in3Fe9o.rbcTaeysenddamllisAsiilre 1418. 4cSi3og:na4nr7ee2tn0tfe-e4ls7dm2,2oG.k.e; Hinuvdigveonps,roRd.uWct.io1n98o3f. mEfufreicnteoifntcearrfceirnoong.eCniacnccoermpRoenseeanrtcshof 1431. EPApFhionttkartgscsii,nneesJeokBe.Nniran,i.sn,eeRtgJi.rcF;.as;lnoGaTdrrniudadSaahez:amromvEnei,cnc,hegREsain.nCACeis.ee;trni1iCctn9eag8srrt0.uta.eNdnrAid,TetsWImS.Seo.RPrAsve.p;DiphcoWe-eArsrtii0ncLN9eacr3obh,4.oe8ArmE6aM.SitsoLt.rr;-yyT,HRoAaf-ri8rrh0iysF-,d3or9Gra.c.zWeTiny.e;nsd: aglal sAir 1608. oNLCnahob.rtoihsErteaSetnLeosnr-eTyvn,iR,rAo-Wn8ir2m.D-F2e.n2o;.trHacTleuycdnEhsdneoamgnlil,insARetrei.yrrFi.noF;gfoLrhaecynweddirBsa,SazeSsirne.;v,eiecFfteulsoearLlCisd:ea1n1:9t57eE9rFn..egtNbihnrTeueIeasSrreiycnA,ognD1d9a-A7nc9d1o2nRS1fee3erpr2voe4inrc.tecse 1609. dTFMeoyagnrcrcdNaeadalElautnAgioghinritnoFeoneof,rrhMicnyeg.dGBra.aa;nzsdiFena,eSr.FemrRlovweriacipdleodasr,:tCJEN.eAnnogt;.einrMEe.SecNrLDiTn-aTIgnSRiae-Aln7sdD9, -L-S3A;8e0rUv(8Cri4cd4Eea2sE,6LD.GaO.b-o1Tr9aR7t9o-.7r8yB-,i1oA3lo)ir.gical 1610. BaaBnqradausueeS,oneu,FrslBvoiar.cAniedds;a:CsZoEieirnlnrtogeelnirlniv.,eiNerJroT.inAnImgS1eaA9nn8tDds3.-.ASREe1enr2pvv5oiic8rreo1tsn3Nm.Loae.bnotEarSlaLtfoa-rTtyeR, oA-8fi2rh-4yF5do.rraTczeyinnEednafglulienAlesierirniFnogrce 1611. ceARCMhnoMeeavmsmcieRrNmaioLsranatc-urmnThygdeRh.Lont-fota7anb9hlo,-y6rtdMoa8rxt..aoiGczWrioy.n;l,roeiZAggfihyeur,trreoo2lPsls8la,pi,t,iat2nJec9.re;,PsoSrManotnacedAuedefi3icfdr0eairnlF,MgoDBsrai.crv;oecifsShiBt9oo1atnhn9s,ee7cA,,9o.iODnrRhf.FeAeiorop:eron1cAr9cet7eeSr9Noo.yonssE.tpenamvciseroMnmedeincatall 1612. wISHnciattieheyrneassto,icftiiMlicso.n.RHReo.Besfpe.;ahoryrIcdtsharN.aaczoNsi.noTenAI,SFaPnOAdJSD,;Ro-fC1-T4hh8Ryiu4d-,78r54aK.z-.1iYn1e.1;8dL.eerWeivsaa,stAhiviMnesg.tw;oniYt,hoDrsm.oCial.h:c,oUBnSs.RAtit.Fu1eo9nf8tf4sic.eanodf 1613. cM1h4ea9mc-1Ni5sat3ur.yghatnodn,mMa.nGa.g;eSmteanutffeorf, hTy.dBr.;azSintoe.neA,vDia.tAion1, 9S8pLacEenEvinrvoinromne.nMtaled. 52: 1614. BSluolnl.imE,nAvirRo.n;. GCioscnltaarmd,. JT.Box.ic1o9l7.61.6:H3y0d1r-a3z0in9.e degradation in aquatic systems.
HYDRAZINE
55-25
1615. hIsuamacicsoanc,idPJp.r;eHpaaryaetsi,onMs.Hat.Bp.H1948J4.. STohile Sincit.er3a5c:t7i9o-n92o.f hydrazine hydrate with 1624. AATFKooiFerrxlAlcieFceMroo,AkrRWcieneLr.eCo-stTsyi.c;psRstaMe-co8meuf4sr-hM0pcy3hoed5ymdr.,iamcNJza.iaTPlnn.IeRFdS.,ae;AsdWBemDarrriu-incAgnihhse1ttr4eL-,Pr3aeR-abd1t.o2tHerp2ra.e.;strooAcrnuynt,AdaAenirreesorFeuonoss,rlpcyMaect.oeBEa.Mt;sheOee,dlrOsiacoHabnlb,.iDtC.i.vATis.irio1n98, 4. 1625. DfNoaerptiato,nroaelfcoHImnesmatilettuhnt,deeEdfdourstcaOantcdicoaunrpdaa..nt.idoOnWcacleulSpfaaafrteieot.ynDaalHnedExWpHoesau(NlrtheIOt(oSNHIHO)ySdPHruab)z.i1nN9e7so.8..U7C8.S-r.1it7e2r.ia 1627. oFTUfihnniPiaevlhnearerrsseim,ptyoCarc.PtHoalo.ro;nkgR,yaUocatunnhtid,veeHTar.osnPixdt.iy;ccoSohlwforogeSnyno.isuco(tnAtho,esxrEincciAittCey;daolMiiffnoohrr1yng6diaa2rn5a,Sz)icVnhe.oC.o.L;l ooLsfoAmMnbegaderildce,isn,Ce,.FD. e1p9t4,8. 1628. Nbmeoutdtwaaeg,eeAnni;coixtIyisdh.aiTztiaovwxeiacm,oMleotg.a;ybOoLlhietntetose,rosKf.3;h1yS:d1er3na1dz-oi1n,3e7T.a.;ndNohdyad,raHz.in1e9-i8n6d.uRceedlationship 1629. 8mR9oe:gt3he2yr1ls-a,3t2Ae8dM. d.e;riBvaactikv,esK.iCn.L15918718.4Cmomoupsaeraltyimvephmoumtaagceenlilcsi.tyMouftahty. dRraezs.ine and 3 1630. DoSroNtpoAmroascyyanorbtrh,aezRsiin.sEe.i;nTCtohhxeaicugoheloarngmy, Pc2e.5Sl:l.2s;0Eo1f-h2lm1in1ag.l,eUm.Hice. 1a9ft8e2r. tIrnedautmcteionnt wofithunhsycdhreadzuilneed 1631. cEKenullvs-zimryonends.kiaiM,teCudt.;.m3Lu:a2tn3ag2ge.ennAbebasiscsthr,oacfRtV..;-M79alcicekll,s Lby; hTyodmrapzai,nAe a;nTdorthel,aBte.d1c9o8m1.pLouivnedrs. 1632. coBPafarrarscmoiixdnbtioe,iglelSean.n,;ihGcDyit.edyFr1.al9Coz8ri1ana.ne,cDdSeNr.e;rARiCv-eaadsvtaeiavmaneranscgahai,ns4Mg1re:.a;1lca4Ptt6ieiv9ndi-ot1yq,4uAi8na2;n.vtRiivtaootbiavbneiadlynbot,aocLtte.h;reiBiarlenmnuictealglei,niCc.i;ty 1634. eKCMmoeemlbdlerimcrya,oaltnWodRx.,iGecsWi;teyarOriogclsfhhothn-LPy,adaCbrttoa.eTrzria.sn;tooeBnriaynAc, kArr,aetKFrs.o.o;srApcGFeaaAcwBeMoaMrsRseke,LdiO,-iTcCHaR.l.L-D8. 2i1v-92is89i2.o.nAE,irvAaFrluoarFtcoieorncAeeoSrfoytsshtpeeamces 1635. TVPYroeoexrunninctoogictl,,e.J,E5.TD:.1H..0E.51;;09M8-H15a0.ac6lLE4l,o.wAnegn,-,tHeJrI.m;D.S;icnhBhmrauliadnttei,ro,RnR.tE.oH;x.i;cEitHaysaoounfn,,hRyC.dD.Cr.a.;;ziHKneui.nbkbFeauarnddd,,aGEm..R.BA..;;ppl. 1636. R16e2id5), FJ. 1965. Hydrazine poisoning. Br. Med. J. 5472:1246. (A cited in
55-26 HYDRAZINE
1637. SFRteeedind.zePenlrb,oeKcr.g.4,10M9:78.31M9. ..A;ADcbuastsrreaancottf,. PluJp.u;sHearryrtihs,emR.aAto.;suDs-elBikoeccilalnrdesos, dGu.;e Ltoahhityad,rRaz.;ine. 1638. hWyadlrda,ziNn.e; aBnodreshuabns,eqJ.u;eDntolrli,skR.o;fBcoannscaelrl,. JB.r.19J8. 4I.ndO.cMcuepda.ti4o1n:a3l1-e3x4p.osure to 1639. LEneev,irSo.nH. .;HAealeltyhas2s1in:6e1,5H-1.6919. 70. Hydrazine toxicity in pregnant rats. Arch. 1640. Jd1a9ecr5io5vb.astToivnhe,es.KaAc.Hur.tc;ehC.toIlexnmidc.i,tyHJ.eHoaf.l;tthhWe1hv2ea:e6plw0o9rr-is6g1ho6tf,, sH(oAmJs.e;cimRteiendtehihynalar1tte6,d2W5h)..yEd.;raMzianyees, N. 1648. 3HS:oy3td0a-rn3ai3ze.imn(eiA, tsEo.xc;iictHeitdiyrviinnon1teh6ne2,5Jh).u;mIsaonm-akRi, eHp.o;rTt aokfkaunfaetna,lJc.;asKe.aiAlan,nJ.. C19li7n1..Res. 1674. MVInootlen.ron4ga.rtGaiopenhnaelovnAa:gtehWnecoyErlvdfaolrHuaRetaeilostnheaorOcfrhgCaoannricziCantaoiongnce.enric(IRAisRkCo)f. C19h7e3m. iIcAalRsCto Humans. 1678. ISCnebvs/teSre4i,1r:La3t.3;s1Bb.yi(aAniscsoinfciiioctreoidt,inCini.c 11a69c67id84.)hHyderpaaztiincecaanrcdinhoygdernaezsiinseinsuClfaBtAe./CJ.b/NSaetlm. Cicaenacnedr 1679. Risoonhirabzoidma,nGd.;hPydrroapzpiinneg,inP.m; aBmumsealmliaanierte, sWt s.y1st9e7m2,s.MMuutatagte.nRicesa.ct1iv6i:t1y89o-f194. 1681. hcB1re8ioap:5tnao4ctn3oif-mi5oo5airl0is,.oiCnn.;tCuBBmuAocr/cCiaibnr/edSluleic,tmiEoi.nc;eCinblayByhsAoyLnd,BraD/Czi.Bn/Ce.;bs/SuSalepnhtmiallitice,e.FanB.Edritt1.h9Je6.4lCa. caIknncdoeufrcetifofenctofof 1697. Einvtaonxisc,aDtio.Mn.. B1r9.5J9.. ITnwd.oMcaesde.s 1o6f:1h2y6d-r1a2z7i.ne(Ahsydcritaetde diner1m6a2t5i)tis without systemic 1698. gBoialdnecnifiohraim, sCt.er1s97in0d.uHceedmabtyomhyadsrainzinCeBsAu/lCfabte/S. eJ.mNicaet. aCnadnlcievrerInlesstio4n4s:9in43-953. 1699. hByiadnrcaizfiinoeri,suClf.a1te97i0n. BOAvaLrBia/nC/iCnbfl/uSeenmceicoen. Jp.uNlmaotnCaraynccearrcIinnostge4n5e:s9i6s5b-9y70. 1700. eMN1x6apa2tco5ioEs)nuwareelnsT,teJoc.hDhn.yidc1ar9al7z4Iinn. feTorohmne aeatfnifoiemnctaSsleso.rvfSip6cer-m.inNognfTiteIhlSdcAhVrDAon,AicU01l.oS1w. 8Dl6e5ev.petl(AionsfhcaCiltoaemtdiomninerce, 1703. JBoohhnn,WHi.lLey.; &MScNonesa.i, B.L.; O'Connor, G.A 1979. Soil Chemistry. New York:
HYDRAZINE
55-27
1771. Ct(oAoxsmiccistitytoecdokf,inhCy.1dC6r2;a5zLi)naewvsoanp,orL..HA.M; GArAeernche,. EInAd..;HOygb.erOstc,cuFp.W. M. 1e9d5.4.10I:n4h7a6l-a4t9io0n.
1772. pSSHperaroruvicnniecg,eefd.GieinNlGdgT,s;1VoSKfAiAntkhDUeea.7S4d8.t,h1DE0Ae.R3pn1.tn.,u1o(a9Af7ls3CC.cooCimtnehfmderoreienrnniccec1,ei6nN2oh5naa)tliaEotnnioavnlirTotonexmcihcenintiytcaaollfTIhnoyfxodicrromalzoaigntiyeo.nin
1774. sAtundonieysm. Pouessti1c9id8e6.aTndSCTAox"icFYCI"heRmeipcaolrtNseiwncs.luFdeebreupaidreym1i9o,lo1g9y8,6,mpupta2g8en-2ic9i.ty
1778. 4PC4ro3om-u4gp4ho9,u.nRd.sA. ;AMcaodleomneicy,PSreJs.s,1I9n8c5.. IHSyBdMraz0i-n1e2s-.0I5n9:4B80io-3a.ctCivhaatpiotnero1f5F, oprpeign
1779. PScaathleosl,ogMic.Dal.Cfi.n;dTinimgsb.rJe.llT, oJx.Aicol1.98E2n.vSirtound.ieHs eoanlthhy1d0r:a9z4in1-e95h3e.patotoxicity. 1.
1780. MaMb.csEtDr.aoc1ut9g8a96l7,.9JD).Ner.;mGaleoarbgsoe,rpMti.oEn.;oCf lheywderlal,ziHneJ.v,aIpEo;r Pinollraartds,, (DA.Ls .c;itAedndienrs1o3n3,7
3005. AGEGxCoopvvGoeesrrIunHnrmmeReeInnentctdaaollimcIIemnnsddefuunossdrttrra1iitaa9illo8n8HsH-y1yfg9ogi8eri9en.n1is9its8Cst.8si,n-1cT19i9nh88nr98ea..stAhi,omOldehrLiiocia:mnAitmCVoeanrilfcueaernsenaCcneodnofBfeiroelnocgeicaolf
3012. CnRehAxyioietprdrsmoreoFamsaguozreairrcnnnecheded,t,LioSuoUayxnbtsnisodotyixeretmimea.cdmtsTomereSCtiacterothasiemcnt,reaiimAscalaleadAslrn.iimoRdrIsHeepF1tp.ahoE9ocyr6relc4fthe.eMy,cNTdtWesoroda.loreizAcniriganaShleanDtnDc-(Pi-eUmiTvacDRitasrtleMii-sotr5enos1Hro,fi9an)A,9(0AfiHdor-iedrIrFc)a.caoyFobAroneocretxercripaneoSnousyseBposu,aautreascsemene,idstnMoOhaeHlda.itciaoln
3024. Aammoluatnhtes,oSf.;hGydurpatzain, eVi.Kn .po19ll8u8t.edSpweactterro.pAhontaolmysettr(Licodnedtoenrm) i1n1a3t(i9o)n:1o4f81tr-1a4ce83.
3078. 8cB1a:9o4n8s3c7a9e.n-r4,M4iWn4et..hhSya.;mlaStshitoeanrnskob,fyRDh.CNy.dA;rMagzuiancaeEniwonreendd,iumJr.eDinth.g;ylGtnhaietwrcooosrausmkrsii,enGeo.fLC.i;nadrNcueicnwtoibogneemnoeefs,isliPv.eMr .
3118. d5C1eht(ee5rr)n:m1a4iyn-aa1,5tiA.onV.o;fPuerre'akoavn,dI.Ghy.;drDarzoinzed,inAiVnd.u1st9r8ia5l. Sefifmluuelntatns.eoZuasvopdh.oLtoamb.etric
3180. 5oD1fe:pH4a2ar1zt7am7r,ednaotnudsofS1uT9b8rs7at,nas5np2co:e4rs8ta2atn5io.dn4R91e9Cp8oF6r.RtaH1b7al2ze.a1Qr0d1uoauAnsptiMptieeanst.deriFxiaeAdls. TRreagnissLpor1t9a8t6io,n, List
55-28 HYDRAZINE
3202. NEpatsuterien,21S9.S:.3;8S5h-3a8f7h.er, H. 1968. Chemical mutagens in the human environment. 3258. p3H6ha:og1sh1p6ihg3ha-t1i,i1dB6a5.t;e. Hpohnoasrpjhoouh,ySd.ro1l9a8s7e. aTchtieviteyffeinctrsaot flivheyrd.rBazioinceheomn.tPheharmacol. 3426. EM1-xnatanrpaechs,ttihoJa.n;l-dsCepahemycdtpreio.llpoAhsno, atPoly.m;steFto(rLnicto,ndGdeto.e;nrM)m1ain1rat2rt(ei8o,)n:H1o1.;8f3Ph-ry1od1gr8na4oz.nin,ePw. i1th9827-.hydroxy3490. gNMeenugotiasthogxei,nicTeist.;yisNo3fe:g1Ni1s-(h14i3),-.aKm.;inRoycoy,tidHi.n;eKionntdhoe, DS.r;oHsoapyhaitlsau,,wHin.g1s9p8o8t. Ttehste. 3500. ANmewbiYenotrkWWatearteQr uQauliatlyityStaSntadnadradrsdasnadndGuGiudiadnacneceVaVluaelus,es4/119/8877.. New York 3504. ENfafteicotnsalofInCshtietumtiecaflorSuObcsctuanpcaetsio.nOalnlSinaefetfyilea,nJdanHueaarylt.h 1989. Registry of Toxic 3539. rOuclceu. pFaetdio. nRaelgSisatf.et5y4:a2n3d32H. ealth Administration 1989. Air contaminants: final 3547. dP11eat1l,e(r1Tm2.;)i:n1Ma4ta1iio3tny-1,4oD1f5.Sm..;icGroanagmuolyu,nAts.o1f98h6y.drUaszeineofinsilwveartegr.elAatninalycsotm(pLloenxdfoonr) 3652. MShuutklta.,RPe.Ts.. 1169:7326.3-A3n7a1l,ysis of mutagen specificity in Drosophila melanopaster. 3657. cESaivnraacli,unJao.tgFioe.;nniBco/emfantuh,teaCga.eLlnk.i;aclDipnyoestaeernltut,itaiGol.n.R/Mr.a;utTthatey.ploRarte,oscV.y.1Ite.1;3aB3s5rsaa7dy-3lea9ys1,.aMp.rOe.di1c9to8r3.of 3676. hGSypedenrieto,txiGcysl.a;m5W4i:n1iec5,k5,h-1yC5d.8;r.aWzinoelf,aMnd. i1s9o8n0ia.zIinddauncdtiotnheoirf isnishtiebritciohnrobmyatciydsteexinche.anHguems abny 3683. dSotactuemWenattaetrioPnr.oDgreacmems bTeerlep19h8o8nethSruourvgehyF1e9b8r9u.aPryer1s9o8n9a.l communication and 3744. IOUn.ffSfoi.rcmeE,naCvtiiiornnocninSmnyesatnteit,malO. PHOr.noltiencetiofinle.AUge.Sn.cyEn1v9i8r9o.nImReInSt.alInCtergitreartieadanRdiskAssessment 3766. a(UCn.SdE.RnEContLivfAiirc)oa.ntimonenotfalhPazraortdecotuiosnsuAbgsteannccyes1.9F8e6d. .DReseigginsta.ti5o1n:,34r5e3p4o.rt4a0blCe FqRua3n0t2i.t4s,
HYDRAZINE
55-29
3783. AhUap.Szpa.ernEddoniuvxsirVownIaImsIt.eens:taHl aPzraortdeocutisoncoAnsgteitnuceynt1s9.8F8.edIdeRnetigfiisctat5io3n:1a3n38d8l.is4t0ingCFoRf 261
3784. whUaa.Szsa.terEdnonuuvmsirbownearmsst.eensF:teaddlisPcRraoertdgeeicsdttioc5no3m:A1m3g3eer8nc4ci.ya4l10c9h8Ce8mF. RiIcd2ae6ln1pt3irf3oic.dautciotsnaanndd tlhisetiirnghaozfardous
3787. CCUoF.SmR.m3E7un2nvii(trSyoAnrmRigAehnt-tTtaoil-tklPenromowte.cStFeioecntdioARnge3eg1ni3csy)t. 5139:8485.0T0oaxnicdcrheevmisiecdal1r9e8l8e,as5e3:r2e3p1o0r8t.in4g0:
3822. TmpWrseoaugkpdaaezmbrutakiityeio,ascsThoh.oi;f,nmPdTor;iitpaoYicnaihinmgodinsaud,schrJeii.da;talM,bmyKoem.hm;yoAbdtrrdaaa,azncMiehnsie.,.d1KuT9r.o8;ix7nK.igcaCotwlhh.aeaAin,fpgoKper.slm;. iIaPnitjhiiopmanhramy,psaiMrccooo.c;cle.hsGes8me7ok:i2fkc3ao5l,-2K4.;8.
3991. APC19ado8cum8kn.iancgOiilisnJtDrga1irat6ien.v7cde8ti8LPv,eraoNboveonils.liitonLhng.esoAoffpDptharonexgMiemreoamutisbonePrrsoefpRatehrlaaettiiLonnagwstso(.8R8th/e3eg7u9Gl/aEatsEisoCinfis)c.aa7tniodJnu,ne
CYANIDE CSYHQOCCaNdyyyrMaaaddOnnnr,MoiiiNdddicoeeeOyYnaaiNMnonniicoSn:
NKFHCOaNCCCNRNNMULA C117545A4731-S---91350230R----5898EG NO MVTNGSZISWO87771S656782H05250050N000000O000((K(CN(HCNaNCC) )NN))
56-1
AFAIRCTWO/RV aCtO2N5VCERSION. 01..9046 pmpgm/m3 = 11 mppgm/m; '. M2O6L.0E2CULAR WEIGHT:
REACTIVITY
mccvwaisemgepuctwakEanotyovyivnalnreiriPoiikcmabaottosoxdxtdolhhaahAneonaltltdeneounlvuseunilinfiurgld.tndamterldrtec,gtacioeetieeeeosotooe,misisrcnAesrnmnnxwoocxgismehvvwnizatphefpepidnreiieaoltonignapooaakliihacstctozobcclselhetahtroeuisiakewrrr.lnalbnlarnieoloai,o,oottgneciiwtuuletrlrdnPgilloleirdoaselsgyhtaeaisrioblyaratscaxegyesalegadpznoyenfaoessocaaator,rsciminrthhrcncis.oehctwhctnceiachexudsedtohpwesiirotriprrcTutarohtleimmhimmkwoolszgclntrheoalerreaeaoap.heisotcialdbcnyxcnrtioiysphtoaloel4iiodueaeFeedcowpenlrsl5risnnduaetleoc.0wiauciaaisd.tstlalszpdnotuhycso,iostCitTserwimdnlemrchditoMisoconicuhyhsrnpiedyf.rtiamfhegmaiurhenoaualtnagaireachunynaczANanntliythcpyneiyasohttidedayFdeeitdceghrecsseniahdeaxrsPeresoiaaosxniatpuheiannldiAstmpazlidomlyncioae.yadeoiotrltdontanfoesiintewrestonyeidadRoerdceaoovsn(nidepeasolntp5eaosattdaihodgofad,s0ceolcittxvmerraocfx5dthtfcnainaeagosttli,fiadyissaic5eictraexuuottaeiwsmkec1trnirommnngbosdya1iaiinmatxdimtsjcea,l)adhmhaelsiss.enyycaaceleo,sliabsttloydfatyeorloeedertrsdo
CPHHDEYAMSTIICCAOA-L
FODCPOhreoddeynpl((oooeaassprrriztti:cmt:eaTy22/lM:00hB(C"HSrieCCote0tltCasl)).teoh6tNrre8oPl:7)laeod0sli:mnsLgtio:(/q2mnHu.d0LCi1sd03;N0.(2(()HHH0toCCCC5NNN.(0)))H00CN)
(((611722))) (67) ((1629))
56-2 CPHH(DECYAMoSTnIItCCA.)OA-L
VAVPSBFSSSLHBFauooalliiooaueaaostlirrgipntudclsmcltvfcac((%(o(ihooria,boHHHHooAatnt(imysrmcnigiOmmrCgilodPC'CCCetnbsiicaPnotycsobbo.yNNiNbPNyTotu:LrntimuualnoFireC)))s)veeeaossin;p,istV,nan,ottwnnon:ss(o.iiLcvvlm(suaatbbeoiultcWin:aaiCfT-lrtotCllomoamt1fWeerrernsle,ola27Ai..ipo:)i:c2eomo:ett0:.a(nea)i;85esuufarrtpr:frs06.s:C7ste57,(tne:t0.:.air.:.:0)2Csso.n2265t6na9a0t50e-m.C6nllo.6256nE1cEtt1ptoC00s3sil.t8s+o+2et(t8)ccoH7raaCs2t00.oipetor0r8Eb12)Cim4deeenEl-40retN0bemo+nnt1-cn4ui4)(uoo.0mntH051sttp5et04iCnH0(bmtH.Nl0gegC,)./CmN3),;
CYANIDE (12) (60,50-4, 506,507) ((56006,5,5040,7) (6500,65,0540,7) (67) (12)
(1426)
PINERSWTSYHIASSETTTEEESMRONICLE-
wTdatHhnuahCeieteoeNinrtoc)osynraaetenirhxtseeipednboeehtisxoiieoipgdodnheencgtbtsroieyosadldtusmhaobtebooiilllbsiaetb.itylemebAoysoifintsgapmnlltmohihofweoeisrcsteactsnooCvatinolN.l/cllgaeorntsoriatlgurilaztnasantdtiia-osiwonmnndasst,lehtohraosnewssdeyelssavitcnee(karm,sof
CYANIDE PEAXTPHOOWSFUARYES
56-3 gTbtashorqehirouleous/agiungtprgidnorchiiumfwoniircanadgarht-anyewanrtleaiaesdxttmxepriropiosnnosskosuyoiurrsnrrtegedetmopwhpmaseaatethtiaeshswcrtwictachsauyuyemapson.mupfilmliacigetoarsinloa.snctieaoErornnxefpocnfofryosoauctmnyrlieaidksneeidlbyeyttoo
HHEADAZALATTRAHD
mSigns and Symptoms of Short-term Human Exposure:
wusAtEtathniaxcctecgpuhhog_oytit_nneehcs_rs_uar_Tcimorr_ni_daoeog_iitx_nu,a,t_iu_soch_nnati_teea_enhv_asusdy_ds_sdSw_,eah_rtah_ccuyo_,hio_dpgc_envie_hee,_vonr_smund_a:_cleir_isly_aetai_ia.o_tnc_nen_ghdi_sT,d_a_herac_p_aionu_scc_ndpa_tif_iensu_ldrs_s_eif,r_zioa_eoehl_tsnld_hyuo_,p_.lw_btgo_ye_iti_dden_cn_do_bssi_nn_iyyo_sem_nts_dr_sp,y_i,_tcs_otp_im_no__ens_a,of
LINQ(HHoAC1LN5A8vTmaIlguO/emN)3:30 min
Rat (67)
OLDR(H*ACL8N.:5 vmalgu/ke)g
Mouse (67)
ElGCLPINgeAoroPavTeieRnrentAPgeclgoCsnri-tnTaoi--on-nxegirccNGNecomyaninroo/triNvoeccEdudiientDsafapoyftottnaueaagDtCcadeattvlns:ea(:isncDsiIoitFnafytiata)cactda:iltegaiqusosMunei,af:aitanlefbaoldureasmetaaaas,titohoneashduaamtcahnnee,aranledthal
PRHEACNA(D5U4L)TINIOGNS
cwgccscbHeoaoolrioalnnnmtefvhna-itcsepcadtetcsohconleaentiurtntnrt)nowcgaiadshwiitatntaseiehivopemtron(hdpctiispadchhpbrraieuaanocrlpretov-eoutsainyidnttstcteyohilausnlyiecln5gatw0gtopewirtamCrhifpoftPhigrhptla/etoremaemdconsrrktte3taii:eiqcootncouSaurnt.rlsuaivspatbgeeegpoalfalgccv-iiklgecenodonl-Estemn-tthssaitciolcianaatruyiotpgnanireonetpea:nedisnrdd.pGedeivraVerasnutaotmbprboaeorsrkr
56-4 CYANIDE
ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL STANDARDS AND CRITERIA
AIR EXPOSURE LIMITS:
Sta5A(nOsdkFmSaiOnrHg)d/SmAsH3T(PsWEkiLAn)((88--hhrr)T: WasA)C:N,as5CmNg,/m53;mSgT/mE3L;
(15-min): as HCN, STEL (15-min): as
5 mg/m3 HCN,
C ripN(tNNAAspeIkrCIICmOiiOOnaGGS)SSE;HIHHHHHICRCDTSNELTLLLEVH(1:L100(-3(Npm1(0p8o5-im-m-nnhm)eri:n(inceT)es):CW:tilaCyibnAayNlgna)io)s:indhni(eedesCsdkeyseianass(t)naaCisbdNleCiss,Nh5(ea)dsm5C0g/Nmm)3g;/5mHm3C;gNH/mCa3sNC(Nas,
CN) 50 5 mg/m3
WATER EXPOSURE LIMITS: (3742)
DrMinCkLinGg:W2a0t0er/Sgt/aLnd(aterndtsative) TsEapdhPeveAceirfEsiHcePeAahadeltvhahilactsheAddoeevnfvfiesetoclhortespieewsldeovauenthlldsdeConffoaolnctloocbewnertianRamgniistHnikcaeinLpatalesttvheeidnlAs. ddrviinskoirniegswwahtiecrhapt rwohviidche ----- lll11oio-0fnnde-ggdtaieeyamrry--(ettc(eehc(rrhiammliddldu):(()lcat:)hd:2iu2l0dl00t2))00::p0/gi28g/p0L0/g0L0/Ljftigg//LL cWyAaHnhOiedaeDl.thri-AnbkadisnaegidlyWgpuaeidtreerclianGpeiutaifdoercloidnnrseiunmkipntgiownaotefrtowfo1l0itejrigs/Lofiws arteecromwamsenasdseudmfeodr. E PAH- uABcmrmaaistbneeirdeHinoonetnaWlistihna2gt0(ee30rs5tiQ5joi,gnu/a1Lol7if7t(y7cc)yoCanrntiaitdemreisian).ated water and aquatic organisms, the
CYANIDE
56-5
ENVIRONMENTAL ANCDRIOTCECRUIAPA(CToInOLN)AL STANDARDS AND
- AiFemFuqfxnrruocteearhaesscehtheecidwwcetophaanL5tatta.eeeni2fbrrehloysaoJn(pqu3giceu/f5rLeca5tiateh,emivsvce1eoe7ror4r7arye-7gdg)e3aathnycyaiosenamnavrocessernnaacogntenredaettcvthiohoeenrenyicaredv3nuoetresyraeseasgatneirso.oshntooueonxlfdctcehnyeeaodntai2vdb2eeerapdagtofgef/eeLsacntnedodt - SSnuaaonlltattwcwecxaaetctpeeetrreadbsaplqy1eu.c0aiifteilstcihgoefLrogamnneoisrhmeosuthraanandvoetrnhacegeierecuvosenerscyesn3htoryuaeltadirosnnooontfbtcheyeaanfaifvdeecertaedgdoee.s
REFERENCE DOSES: ORAL: 2.200E+01 /ig/kg/day (3744)
REGULATORY STATUS (as of 01-MAR-89) P roFmeudlegLccpsmslHdahcfC(riouoahhRonmoaeialyertumbeeisdeivQleltmdnimmirajeatdgiertcPcaent)liniicoaneobftcrcsRtafifgotgaaoaWeooilicteneftgluoletuneassinoagrnnianedr,4stsnaunstecmgh.cgmepd5shlget,hiyarevel4anaosaaantamsatcngvriAszntrelakou,iteauafyeireitcgnofndrtcmpaesatbarsddsdeglh(cl,ie,(oea3ontac1pep(uura4spruyrnC4rdoserni7moam3eeidsnWd,wnnssts9aidruiea3gud,cfdseAi(tbn,7omeeny1ea1rd6sur)ngif4t4tmrso4tmit4ac4,ooighr)oci7ny0n.neunaena,ac,nttginlonediaet,1C1dctstinmfeh4ad4.spfyld4flt4lneieaahiuan41,bonAncosnete,,neuytiaytdnsldreoflafn1p1atseeaegn4(4de,rhrlsc3r4ii4dratnda5o52mpusaovaep1,,forrunteah,feithsi11dponnani3ae4c4rlglusma7i,44fs,fstrbenn6i63ahtenuerea3et,e,cteprolmtda)wte8oat1onu.lcepnsa94r-ratrcaefl34dtirsEylymenasn6)oorta.bfgd,tiypmiarfnno,cllnlo3edxiiueaamEodduu5iuxnteqrc4efefsiaisnugnfasu,tnlptftracmacguauai8ytonhr,nnelcuf9e.elieignattlimtcr5miuunacteit,nsrttloyiistauoi3crgannurlag7tigitrpilam7nsos,cn7o,,gnie)iitsscn.,t
56-6 CYANIDE
dSpIneearsfsiemgtaniDttaertisisendwkreiiantqhsguiharWanezdaaatrpfedorprorAuotsvhcteeudni(ndUSjeDenrcdWtReiorCAngRr)ooAufnc(dy2a9In5ni)jd.eec-tcioonntaCinoinntgrowl apsrtoegsram, a ssosnTbeihsoc3rf3f(RHfrPnoall3ouoqeoe7yp7oafu1ueeyrtclqf7lnsu68nzec0lodduisidhpE7uoanv5ra4lhwol6ggbiraea5wriaei)l)Pdtnu,reeonazlc..dni)rteeies,eoAr.agtsPtigsodnsCoeosetclreiw,0ucNgoeaopndednyEt9ya(mwsnghan1soho3anai8nCydf,wic0ancnwu7noacnfd,odc0ytdeao8snthe-iias(eond0Pascdnnlu6Bipisrolaapwttnetn0dec)ssstsaerolritDe.ieetoja3l,vignamdrircessrinwnss0Aegsahitaeaci,vtgei)tft/an,etnlaonTLaahiJsspitisscizndnosatosoaiu.ecr:t)ncaiocnntelilofosoaruyrissdlEwcdthonouEodnrraitwhiunnigfPaduei8ieoltfbleorluaeorrat,fiaimuAmiesnneeinoclimrittfsdstl1enrcemegogsud'eise9itcdscdarwndfncitnfe8yfcai.nRvgirdryurronaws7ytalreeiaosa-siempesf,catntofawhsmCentcoiniAuti(cesiedodpaitesmhcnityd(nldduavtreeiaieh3taiaigeeqdtel,etgetrnls2zrnsameaeru-nsreuBdapo5wicscoipaiytnsfdaare,dotfaetbrta3otdntrraeetsnssmAoetr7svadodo-tltc8edchonuc6sasapcsueur,oc,moDiszd5rntslatsbhaniehnais1)egcumtneariee.ocn,twa9toetmmden(mieacheoevs8knRswancidi/an8eWotliaingaasefiCtonaccz,intstrnsirntatnyrasgeentaaosoRauontiaelardoetsgnmlerstnuddgcrnoiAtxtiwiddneooadaenwopiwoid)sibea,lnatnteugensmlitsaehetsreytssrpsatepds,hegterlaueontrtsiiwgrrntehtteatnpsssdAhcoaoiraausi,netatoehsedluenmipevdsdcnlareanuyonatrhilsisemtEerifdMcosftioe,esaiselssptmftcPrtaaiofilpraciohoitbttl(An(wouqayseesiterPn3ldmjohal,utlrteerh7)eg0rrulaiace81ao6deonrt(tnt93atl3rm3cihee9,to,oe7udie0ennsr7mn,g4t, slRuACShCiumaopyoCcbzdotamiasRtinnutrpaiAo(dmdtrCnfohee,cuEhshe4e,psae.Rs5coznisno4CautsuancrinLbvslkdcdussegAeoidet.nuuar)iEtmsnnrnRCgcaw,veeEthaiasiproRnsyoountddCnrensrtmLdhoasoegtybAerfrednle.enrttaSahomqATclgeuyeshRRacanechnneAyocseitdnpiymhTteatoiaaieinnctvasiialnserdelehiesenaaICgdQivanreeorcesemSytpiagheaolapnecsnrleotlaitniwdatodesbbeaneadselssteetii3bhgeon0qunan2sutziat.saarattsnerenhuAddatdeeiomtndseyueLyxsfi((tdoa3frRarbee7cQpim6lieil6)tienty)ly.dy
CYANIDE
56-7
mcmpeopahxftllauafaceiwnnnsemctusninhaisfiiriclanncesaohcggpltfmouoqttirrouhftutefsseairttcsanrshein,betaeinpelctpsuyoher.narneootlomvclaIfytiefbriisfc1oltshiea0oenoyld0rmsqdEsurp,ea(Po3anorignA7meutet6npin(p6ta3doyrn)7scre.dy8t(smeRae7Ursnn)uQst.nita,sd)tdtiae,enennrliodooseftcxSfiruaficAecylselieRsaeesrsalmtsAsasoeeottfedrThfgtieahetfhilrnrnyeeodcdimrryirenlotolphetgchlaeSraaenseelnescnhsefctamioyinocolaidgenfnlriittgd3yhe1einsi3nc,y
TpFoeodsltee-rrhaaanlrcvIeenssstehcfatuvimceidibgeae.etiFnounen.sgtiaLcbiedlviesehlasendrdafnoRgroedhfyerndotrmiocgi2de5ne tAcoycat2n5id0(FepTrpFemRsiAd(u1)e4s48f)r.om ptipaMOonhphrfcaaoyptektrhshlaniiiisecncnbouaaeiwcmnltd,hePtnuadscrmrchooaiheenrptrxemeeeicmscneiutegeciipnsxcoaptovaenleilmfwrocRcoortphoenretedbngmsnfeiasorcetanotilanrthoomructghecheyiaoicntnlrahaatoolsnergagsdeepreaenenrrpSoesrrrac,ceaenonegmspmscoueistnudnluepat-ltsaoytatiorugaoirixnsneneeinsdcsnttssrhdAiaafeoeanccrrstedtsehedwtcenae(oyeroMhnla(nlact3tP-aaro0abmnmRgs9ieo)lSidte.nnahAsescasemc)niubstdosmynu. msutlPrpaaeitntrivemgeit EessttOhkhimmmciaencplepluul-elopwnsoxyeayoepetetioeoigeo'sfbhsnueteparex1lredep5oxS-ottamcasoeveucfieeenthrrditeuyvyaedtegdtearoeconsalgd(hcotTeyotnhHaaWrnniten-cyiAtaydgela)etrtianhmmo(niadfdeAsee5xcdpCstpurmhNoarasigc()lnuOtl/imgrscbShee\teHashlliAelpm(3rFn)wie5toov3ort(er9Snkeh)T.xtyedcEddaerL/yeor.d)egdeoaAnufncnc5e8yde-ammhntoghipdu/rmleroou3yagenhe's rTlaHaenhabpdezeoalraiDrntndagehobpyulaadesnrrdtqoMmuutaasertnnaesntttriasitoapbiefloisslrTiztoTarefratdian4onhs.n5spyp4od(or3rkrt1oatg8gat,0eitosin)oun.nbchyjAeaacsncttiddteoe(sHiargseMnqahuTtaieAzrdae)mrcdyeoanuntssidmfeoarstoeplruaiactiklosangwsinitgh,
56-8 CYANIDE
ThFyohdoerdof,ogDlelnorwucgiynaagnnitddoel:CeroasnmceetsichaAvcet be(FenDCesAta)blished for residues of --- M1952O005 ppppppppmmmm iiiinnnn cucceeonrrcceeooaaaollsk(fet1ldoh3ua9hrt5sa);am.re, bcaocooknedanbdefsoaruesabgeei;ng eaten;
cnsaCUohroonleetundmbusreuienlrcesmaautvclehlsoytreiatdiPnhnFariaedboatdeldeeucursonmcaandtllatcesSnHernauharftfazeeraavatacyresttduiooAbnronieuacnetsbognlfSer(bucCeaaybsnPniasddStnnauAiefndedo)sce.reoegssEfreAexceaccyattlabeu,nrldpeidetrhdceooadsfnnuradcol2titmst5sioicptnnohpsniomsttoahrfi(een1urgi2nus3egl6awt)i.oilnl StatmNssAAetpaPlLoelWtrDcLeseiatfWraiStsceettTRegrrnsAiusnuPlThgam(reatEsoienevgoSrteerniacscWam,rdcietrsaoeiitpttreehitrareei:draE.xbEpyPTonAhsuaerrsAreeamtLsibtviamieetenirtstsefhWseaercvaetetnieocrpenrQ)oomurasau,bllitygthyaertieCerldirspittarienodrgmdiaiutthialogennadateldor
wMsC(lCitofaaaAnuentlenieLdf(-rio3aIhcsrFr0ionpdf9Ouoias7ar:rlR)-.aRhNt2vhaeI0eesgAriaapoxgrndgeo/srL)tien1fcfok,otrii2rno,RgnO5ew,ocgeafaiaotnfennrdrePs28qhl,uawwanaaalnittwtdeeyrratstsheltifarrfosneer,e,d5aatsh.rnu2dedrf/oxpa5gcfr/eoLMttwgeOf/caLottrieoxrRng/qeLogufiafoolmnirtay2rine CCOonNnNecEtiCcuTtIChaUsTan MCL of 0.2 mg/L for drinking water (3137). wFFlLaotOreirdRa(I3Dh2aA2s0)a. water quality criterion of 5 xg/L for all classes of surface IIlLliLnIoNisOhIaSs a finished water quality standard of 0.2 mg/L (3322). IIaoOqwuWaatAihca)swwaatetresr aqnudali2t0y stxagn/LdafrodrsColfas5s Cxg/(LdrfionrkiCngla)sswaBte(rws il(d3l3i2fe7). KKaAnNsaSsAhSas an action level of 154 xg/L for ground-water (3213).
CYANIDE
56-9
wdNNraEeitnwWekriYnqYogurOawklRiathtyKearscrsaiutepgrrpiooliunensod(f-3w05a.01t0e)rm. qg/uLalfitoyrsstuarnfdaacredwoafte0r.s2 umsegd/Lfoarnd a NNGoOarsRtshTmDHaskDtroAetaaKmOhsaTs(A3a51su2)r.face water quality standard of 0.1 mg/L for wSSOoautUetrhT(HD36aD7k1oA)t.Ka OhaTsAa water quality standard of 0.75 mg/L for ground (TTpfrreEoexXtsaehsActSchihoanrsotnohifec)a,fqo5ull.a6otwicfiinglig/fLes:u(mr4faa5rc.7ien8ewfaiagtcJeurLteq(fuaraneldsihtychaccrruoitnteeir)ci,)a 1(f30o.1r619t2h)/e.ig/L eVVneEfroRmrMcoenmOtNehnTatssatanpdreavrdenotifve15a4ctfiiogn/Llimfoirt gorfo7u7ndfi-gwJaLtearn(d36a8n2). 2PpWW0rue0iIbsSvclfeCioicngnWOt/siLNivanetSfeoIhraNracSstgiuoraponpuhllnuyimdms-iawutnraoftatfehcr4er0e(ws3hf8aio4gtle0/dLr)s.car(n3itd8e4rai2on)n. enoWffo0irs.cc6eomnmseignn/Ltaslftsoaorndhaarsdaof P roFpeodseedralRPegruoglartaimonss SUp1a9rno9fde0pe,oDrswertiihtnMhekiCfNniLngaastWlioapnnaradtoelmrMPuArCligmcLtaaGtrio(ysSnfDDoprrWliancAnkynia)nengdidWfeoraintMedrarRrincekhgi,nu1gla9tw9i1oante(s3r,7Ei5n1P)MA. awrcilhl, JowREufaPenssaAteoce,uuwhrt1aaec9slte8ye9rpCtsro(oo3xanp7incso9des5wren)vda.aostntBiEewoDsnPa,AsAsatuTencwhdhatarsRteaeapsertcrsmho.oyvpedenoFrrstioynegsdatAelanlcnpistdcrtayionram(gRdnusiCadlgsfeRoahrAt(ia1oc)z3nea9rr6tidsa)o.ienuxspc,yemacntixeiddtuerines
56-10 CYANIDE
StawMpCMtrehhoOoeaspWnSntoTgassteitthnsaeSergtTyaersPcAbehrTaeaoercEgnxeorgSpmaeienmsectstiefnhidentahipnlerior1Cc9reo8esn9sg-tu9aol0cafttr(iwo3env6iti8shs3iwn)t.ghhietchhsetiwartielwl aoftfoeflirlcoewprroiEsgPraaAdmv'ssisceahdna.dnges-
TT.T.TNOTS aIlcluintoeissthanasdaprrdo,p5o.s2edgg/eLnecrharlonuisce swtaantderarqdua(3li3ty21s)t.andards:
22 ngfL
wGIIaGoOqaaawutWsseaassrtAsihBBc.a) sw(Twcpahoatrlteedoesrrpesswo. csaaretInideotderwraGaaicaquahutasaearssteciCcarf)ilots(rewodrartipaihtnerekroosipfpnora2gson)0etddewnc1agtci0th/oeLrnrfosifgnoo/aifLrcndaCcfqrol4uiart5saesatri#liclBajgol/oi(Ltfchfeoef5lo(rd3rnG3wga2alfa6lLst)eso.rftoBhrer
psfMM1our5rriIo4nfNptan/hoNciegseesEe/oLwdpStraaOafotoetThrSeraAcsesct,nyiposaainrnntoidivodpeeaof sAhicenuhdcmrudoatraneinRnicLkehiiccmneoragiimltttewhmr(aSioe(tAe3nnr4Ldo5e)(2fd3o)41.fA55144ll)5o.jwu/giMag/bL/iLlnefnofLerosirmgortdiaoteus(hinRgadnsA-awaLtale)sdtoeorf,
CYANIDE
56-11
EECTADDhilri,ereeAcmct2itavivneoedrsoanAto3rDyraivrneaklu0in.e0gs5fWomragtc/eLyra. n(iT5dh3e3eir)ne saurrefancoe wguaitdeerlitnreeavtamlueenst. categories
TmD(5hia4rxe0ei)cmmtiuavmxeimRaulelmolawtaiandbgmletisocsoitbnhlceeencQotrunaactleiiontyntroaisftio5Wn0aftoetgrr/1cf.oyranHiduems aisn
Consumption /ig/1. The total
ecHaID(ta1infuriyk7vrtcad9heeiurnr4ocmmoo,t)rignaisvatejtmienoanerdnseoccnaniteytfhcsacMeintiodidadfiesjaenottshtramteooAaarcavnceccacduuciifrlidaadosec,brentnlauetptur,rHeftoohsracursoerbrasaaissrrtsteidseaedesnssrcsioemeniqnfsuugqCisiunrteteavhrbdnoteealtvtiietnopefidefrneIso,ncoveidttinmsdiufeyseeodtrxnrcgciwaoeelmsnimtscAhpayocenttftmhieav2eneni0ttadisetusotrhneess.
ATttiuDLnoonhdaifxrdobmetiecrheecimrllenoatisniiarbtvssgotpeteicorloesoodaocnrftino,rifivnDiontcetshsahitpesnvPreaaeugrpcfAceoekamtrvtpaicyoioupkgsunsieraaostsosgdn.xbevPcsieiormcmaRenerap.utetaasltiairtohIntanfebiitnniiesootgganfaifptsscetorchtp(eyoe3thpmh9ayaLe9sdprai1avacCw)itansilsloieal.eynsdSRssii1mfebci/gycSlpaua2osptlsisaraoistefnniiicboed.ildnsePeSsaat4aacos6nknvgdadienigrveiyenaagdstsiodulayxicntihicdo,n
wP(EE1riEE7tohCC9po3ou)DhstaailrspefrpcoitroriorvapeiossCssu-eodeuPnortchofipalatoDsstepihdreeeccditauilvmeppeoirnnmgtihot ef
Dumping of Waste at Sea cyanides at sea be forbidden
psRCCoatnnoayoedlnamslEuodnwmltnaiuadarvintetdsiierstosriionos.ltnenoomvoRnenibenleisnesakttoiahnfRiptenopetthhpvloihereiresuoddesegmedenrwrcaavoLinmitlnrolisomhdbtnre-eeecmaodalfoatetuhsfenScsgteaeea,ocscnrspoatdyeinnoodlddnptl.u-hoCdotelielafoutetnettnearhgvmnaeoitnrrisEodnynatuonPmtriuoooebilpnnsleueatao,tnsantfcluniemqdtCssuiioetiansdml(it5omtby4hfyu5en)tahitieires
56-12 CYANIDE
56.1 MAJOR USES Uoap(u(14cfhs.74eeSoH8st.tom1oCCc(n)g4poy.Ner4n)aa,nscpimuycinhdhampyenet),phlh(aete(yCtix3doiNUt2nrnr4gi'.an)S2oca.)tfu(.gi2isoHenu8nnOa2Ct1lotsl9Nhmyf8(ep33oprin5)cr,wcmeum1fcaao9irsopjls8olu)i3orn,aswswnitmneihhadtdesreyutidbals9portyl4rortsr7,oiccaidyyaclmaauacunnecsilteistulciieircooshiancnaacocricofpdidhdfoeclu(noyaaHnaridnnindCiddgpisedNosoen(a)(smfi6lttas3rapsntr)edm(.eee2lp0iis(Ttn4),s,hm6aes1senlapoedl)dmmct,stiafu.rpaujomn)Tompdrhaliacnegeoytdantiaanhtdningeoinr,dnuuesael 56J2 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS 56.2.1 Transport in So/Groundwater Systems 56^.1.1 Overview dcscyooosnnwtctenaemTinnhtthiwernrahgocteuyiotnaghnnhespidrtiaheeonsendieonu(nutenn.sga(daCt.t,euNlrforrwa)aotemiersddoieasbzxsioocspplnevciecleol.tdneoddcHriottoiinomowcnpebesnvre,otecrrprya,eeatlraainostwinidvdsaee.eslstyicesBrmsdiubuiolseksbpdcieoqlepbsuateaiillnbn)oltwceittho,itueeoasltdsbooliiobfolw/edsgoertlgoruruatanniodsdnpawsotiarottneer.d ea(1nm7vm0ir4Too)nhn.iemaT.echynIaitstanslimdcceoeoanninjocusnegrtanahtcaet(tspaaHactisdp<,aH7Hw)C,7e.aNc2ky1,a,bhn9aai9dss%eeawinpoilKfsloCaelxuNoits'fitow9nm.i,2llo1csbot(lme2y5ppaarCsro,aHtobzCnleearNoti.endiosntarinecdnsgittnrhewntgoatther)s of ooarrngeatnhnToeirctasnsaopsprpeppcotliriiecotsanbpbalayetnhdtuwosvainioyngsldatfiavionliridzeuatqhtaiuleoinlicinbyoorarifnguianmdnoeincpiiaooirnnotniizctsieaod(nno,nirnnogetthubmeterioradalpesoasl.rergsesanTenthdicseaasclesthstem)h.meoiydceaallsrse,aarfonerdbathseuds uelseecdtrMionpetlpaalltaliintcigncgythaseonilirudteriseosnspuseccthotivaienscAmregeaCtsaNel ,cthaCteiuosCno.NlubSaionliddtyiuZmonf(aCtrnNadn)s2piotaitroaenssumiuseemdtalccyocamynamindieedrsecsiaa.rlelyaflosor Fpreervroencytacnaikdiensga(n1d42ir3o)n, abnldueth(aerecboympenletxerfesrerwoecrysanaindde dsaelpt)osaitreonadrdoeaddstioderso.ad salts to whileAitrsecvhieewmiostfrythaenednvuisreosnmareendtaelscerfifbeecdtsinofrceyfearneindececa1n42b3e. found in reference 1623,
CYANIDE
56-13
56JZ.1.2 Sorption cm SoQs escpZHaiyxsrgnyapinmw(dneCirfcieAadioNtlrclseegi,al)deynjsaenotnxt(tlpococucaeyKobbpnianit^tienlscoiitioendh=yinnn,,eitgssrta1ihihgasbn5net.dsen9iioiof)cnolpniyucgt(rsaba1esnAnii4ctlnirtii2gdtpo4yCetni)thNg.aiienoltyinS(sowpoipninaKisaltc/or^egeetfrrxito=npti(huoee1nenic01tted)h5ecd.w.edy6raa6tCnott)seo,yiidrlsavHuebneesegrinspd,iavoeelmi(nntrCssoldeayNnreflctrd)mws*uoeemrmt(nayepkatngn,Ktldrytoteo,rhrturoe=enzyotidbarn3wwiecn9siaeel.hi3ltdsdei)ignrmphbo(rcly1eteyan7sscn0tesooson4i,nbll)tsuted.ribaunonleled swsmaakmoolaamooriholtbpbielogiitihrTnlslhii)iaot,tthvnyycwaceionshaicbnnmglosepocnhorsoaessobitanoituihivsretlldtrisii,eogtariyenahroetdnittfooliepdsynfnlbHosytgitwoiinhiombFafcennbpriuMl.edscHallaiyretn,sThaeretn-ilhadogot(iynehdw1wtpde4hiefoi2carthino5hoetcyn)neld.oawcdryfeCeiaosnnIcsCuatrt(ssrlCfehw'eoa,aiov0augtsixie3sshinonirddcnvfagpooeelnoustrossosycnofooieidtiblmffnilrvsetptFeoeroeH(bemaac.it.biplohireoespaoIntIlnrninmi,ngestedolaograssxlseoon)ttainhinddls(eeosgfe1,raiulKsl4yas,lgw2iClhl,alh5iyetNne)Chaa.dllcdNneiehnac'nba,acohdthycwneiaeedt,shnidaoooCcisinnesfloNsrieidiznol'ehgmdhaalviaditntlge mamirlosooonbbiiCflblioetlyuuyatnehn(.dai1dn4te2oe5ci)bot.hmeepvPreloeFrtxyaees(dmsCiuoNambs)i4lF'e3ceyoi(anrCnNiCsdoN)ei4l'',Jiaw(ndwitddhheeidcihohint,goihazsleapddnHedwsfcaialrntliedblreehaddicughbheaetltfoeorwewet,haceCsaanfpoCrufeOoncr,idmpeitntoaihntaibonsenociillnoe)sgfswiatss ltihteerasSotuoilrr.pe.tioInniasontyhecramse,dtahtae sfoorrpCtiNon', bliekheaovtiohrerwmillodbeilpeenandiounpso, nartehenoctomavpaoilsaitbiloeninofthe 56-2.1.3 Volatilization from Soils ciHitnosCdnHicNceTaennthietsrersyam'cttshiyooaadlnatnewsirHdarectCaoeniNlnoygsnitnvwaoginislltlaf,nrtpiooHlrmene,.-dvh0ooIa.m0tlsa1ihtnbialtaeesote.ena0.oHv5gvaioevpMwreonerCvaaNenpsrdr',eaisttneshfumuesronpewlceuteortiaaoifoktn7unn4rsoe1esfossmtffeorpmmofHmpHHeuCr2gap0Nta-ut9tora52es,a5CabTnCoa,usaf(toc1(ir194d,4)H,2a6Cna)ndN.d
log H = - 12J2.9. + 6.238 T
where H is in mm Hg/moles/L and T in degrees Kelvin.
56-14 CYANIDE ooanff HrimoTCuphgNoehrltiyvnaon1lnta0at-lti5olui0szrsaa-hlptoiawoutnrhastwoe(arf1yH0sa)fC.omrNpTClehhNsuass(,i8nbtehlsieetonelrvusoftoiloiaunntnisbldiazettaxtotpeiroobynseejdoarrfestlHaolteCitvfhtNeeloycuaarttmandpoobiodserp,shweeixinrtpehe.Mcatienhdnaeltfso-olitbfaee) scid0rntoee(rsnp1acicodDtoTeosenn)isnhttptricer(ohae3ansep1ttr,tir2ioewmim9nn)iacaet.nhioypdhfaPdatHlhcorsoeesmCbimcnsiieNnpukpeiarslntiimtacnoeatcifiawstoteelhHnacdetu`CPealafrahNpnatypdtiesseeidinacuvorabnetsflryrhyecttertosyhlaoaaoenblntwvmseieafdeduoaearsttrhpinmlneohoearegewtcscrlhthieigeptoaoiaannbarrisblttseemiemwasalosi2ittns,p.thp5akrshceuayksesctisrmhn(ubercry'oaaeesn(ssUp3gt.wh7hVe3eeeIr91ttpies)-c5.qahanuoOytditm)lHoi.bndorrssaTiypunihhndmiesrthiicse 56^ 2 Transformation Processes in Sofl/Groundwater Systems eTeFhscrcr1tnosyeaa0ehupsnatvl(edpefenaCid-riecnTliicceoNidcitdvyosaihnteo)eanilmelvh42nsnsy'i3e3antsiecolad,vwtnyyCfnsheewatitto,at(neasihif1lsrtpoiro7ehdiefncpuol0oesiornvoza4rpnfodeeif)oexodrd.hCrczinaiHamtmNtilirnlilvCfouis'acv-enent,lNuecleqisydrfoscl,ueyieamhnwi(rtdlyo1gh1igpambd4f5eoltsrre2eieoooiuxarm3suvdlnme)ymeioa.sadsur,tsimtsoncT9mpafouithHemdnomcyvreyaesapcsbbtaay7rueoaesrn-eyrrn8riiyqtandtuea,suowtgexnnaaf,tdeo1tssrnprte0tfiedoraeromfafbCftiontfaariethorlslsslhiamkuytefstn-oeyianouadsrstldrrwitlemmnoida2oiwetaenct3nohrftosceiimCeoorobtraxinr,anfepocistndcnrleel0eyeOuiipt.xnasmm0ci3tpen^oo0sweebinun2dtcenasaa/saethr,ttndlri,esavredaeo.rneart.falnFt1ysn3Uvdme0.Hd3eco(nrecCo$ydECy0utr,daeN.apr0ralr(rero0)c1lsio^l3iio0pydeu3n)sorisa/.icsnhsn,drd atot iccfnrloaecmyresep.TaClsehNixen'egdfao,ntrhdZmenHad+tIi+ios.fsnoorIcotieafaxtcliasoyomnanpionildefcerH(e1caCo6sm1eNs7p)ttl,ohebxemyesmapirornebetmvialeiiontnyvtetiohnsfgefrtethehqeeeuiC+slioNbrmr'piufetritmooanmlsiosobnofelutttowthieoewnemhn, iectHhthaeClriteNtboisyand hsdhrBueeeerfrxcxoofoaadarmccmecIyyrerpaaiionuonnwngssooaiffttcaaeeieyntorrradrrnsnnaaiitStugbdeemhnyetd((isHItceu(hIor9I)nm)8l(fsi21ugpso)4lohlll.u0eltusx1,tuiTte)orinsohenrlnleiaseegspra,hraeosatndirtncdteceogpomn6onefs0nfidriddedipt-teeoidihnroaoCegn1ytdN6soo)h0d'snateoamlagffstb-rhil2nlatieehv0ud,eettasbtiyetmosuio(dtei5fnnios0sorsuhSofmsat1cc.ysi0ieeanP0pbatuaetreftiu,.eeibglnsbl,euCMfftotoNroiupVnno1pnLsd0hes0siootbootf/ltoyagbeiCnNra"p/Lid;of mC(1Ng6/2`L0Tc)oKhnetjcoFehenue(tnxCrdaaNcetyri)osganonsoooblfuefiorti1lrooa4ngt6ei0cpaHrnlegIpdTiaiLosrsnewodcciitowahmtiiintophnl2es5xitnedhratialhysizesebcddeoaemarnknp,dfaorriueenlndeodactsuobilnyaogtneCdlhyfrewer1ear6yteChfrioNgls/'m.hLoesfAwoeer3dtt2ha9ale3.free
CYANIDE
56-15
coofn3t9ro5l2(jnigo/tLinwoacsulaacthedie)v;ewditdhurainlgartgheer sbaamcteerpiaelripoodp. ulation, a free CN' concentration
af(1r1s0e4eC2m3TNCg)h'/.NLeo'rT(rcahaoHnutnedCsc,eNoCnCf.tNNrc/ay'Fatfienooirnd=mseel1cedosasmbtytp2hl3paehnxCoa)3ttoiotdmhneeggw/rLraiet,dahaacnttiriidooonnnevrohearantsebabiwotedaeaesnnglrefianosdsiutaintathdiloanCntoNw0b'.i0lecl1ovtnmeecnregydn/Lsttrlooahwtrrioefmnoraoinf
wcpcaoolrhsnneoesdtnaeTibtnineTihcoieiennoOsxgcojiydf(1wa3intz7amieit3sdadm6enp)oti.riuoIoe/msnLCe,nNdCititO,Nosexb''liufedd,txuehprapaiolnmsosgewobdcdsetheetlrnonoorasfinuonrdnuaelntmisigdouohnnvttloaiofglofuh(rnwt<dt1a(we1t%re6ogr1)od8sai)uon.ypxspitQdhsliaheuetosaiaworbuntezsndetdsnoeaocrmvCeeapNrollkOfe9a9'Ttl%iuiinOnbee^rtshemeItovcaaln
bpdRatrnlieheaogiamindrztteaoBamsgdnlorseeau.tandshsdtwaiohnpteryillozadalannere(tro1sbog,h6ybe1aani9avcltl)echm.myoboaiueOcsngertithondhabeelviflraooalmulnlaosnditycwdislrmietozetroaeomrttsaigsdpolaelen(nogc1cirics6eyaam1sadn9nses,iubd(c1c1eeyh60aa2c)n.an2ois)mdiCetmsphsuylpecea(ohxn1mrei6tdas2ausen1caa)tohrrrealaeaossscsufebscosoaeucpuneenasnpdthhtffiiuwigobnnhualegenysuredtsiwonptaloatghnebetesseand
coteyrmgaanpniTedirhseametbsuriroawedteeeargonerdfafdobtauihotneidodecngotroniancdreraanintvtirgeoaerntwifoirsanotdmseerop1fse0pnmiadkinceerddnoto6wru0igpthahononNiusermansCsv(Ni1ar4noa2dnn3mdc).yeaancntcaildlimec.oantHeddaitlimfo-lniicvsreossu cfohr as
srianeenhnpaisoebirrAtititovestbdeihmctifgioocchrorhonecibdgyfifhiaaetnlicocitgdynirvaeso,newcibdoatinhenocadcueeeonnrgnottrricbalaeidntctaihtotdreniaeostgmniroaiamcnndrsdaoa.yotuiroAhngnadarelni(drmi1lsy4mait2eos5roco)bcf.bue2icrcomscmiognen/cLdeaicotaicfonlinacmesy,raaotncebyiddiac.ensihdUaaernsedtobvexeerirecynity
ftrwoom-sAtaacgcroeymlbobnioiinltoragitliiecoanpllaoenxfttsheno8td5e-a9dlk0aapleireardctiigeonensttis(oy3ns1t5eam1n)d.cachnemreidcuaclecotahgeuclaytainoindefollelvoewleidn bwyasate
56.2.3 Primary Routes of Exposure from SoO/Groundwater Systems
ecmfCoyxyreapamtnoaniTssbidudoheorelefeiiziocsaetnydboea.oxincsvpyieTdceaoechndtneiieadsssdrcieedeuteisfseoarsxietsoephdonaemcctvhooteeaefwdrbafhaeaaclttoottneewordbpnieseap-pttvoihrecotewnsellandaasttetyuiiinlsavgetleg,sleufoyasognltrtmghsetbooeshivbuteoseigalrheetcanhcliHavuntpimrCostouoNhtnelieamln/itgtsmieiroanhoonltuib,agenilhalxdilsctpywyoointavsadtuocneilradrtaenitosippynlbeosase.tt.teehmnwMTtsaiho.ayselst.
56-16 CYANIDE
vimolpaotVirltioazlanatttiioleinxzpaotoifsouHnrCeoNfpacmythaawnyiadyreeupfnrroedmseernatmdaonisstpimcoospanoldrsittiaitoenntisse. xnpAoottsulliorkewelepyrattpohHwraevypa.rleuseesn,tthane
osg(L8icrti3cosetu)usrnsri,iDdnetaewprslaioatn.ihrrtk.teoeIiruntdTggcwhohtwhaneisaatstatetdemicserdyitasnaecutancoasttnicediitoedneanpdmtsaiimactibnlatla1aetsye7tihtortosaehnivtsabeuertosletbtcs.ihyneuaelctnnghinriedofgmeouufniircnsdoadwmml aaaotttnebhrdi2e,l9eb1mioi5oniflgsorsitgotaheitieclsiao5slniyn4ds6otseefugNmrrcfaaysadtaciaanoentniiddwoaenla.tiPserrMli,iokraietintrlyyde
to 2
The disposal of cyanide is still a problem in many industries as indicated in rtpherceoesHnectouurteseptdoonrtthsse:hiAp(1Rp)iMnTgChcOehaUSn.tnSee.elnsEn(C3vo8irm2o9pn)a;mn(ey2n)tfaoJlr.CPdrisoRcthheacotrdigoeinsn,gADcgiyveainnsciioydneh-olaasfdstehunecceUeffsSlsufMuenlltys into Corporation has been indicted under the Clean Water Act for discharging 44,000 egF(3laoe)lrcldotsrneoMvspeoolnatfttoeiurnenngCtroaMenmaidtcpehadmingewyatnaahlsaftifevriwenmiassathgeiirrnnecge(lpudordpetieosnurgapmtGaaiyobennlSy)e1r.ci5anoltnmoMtaitliolhnitoeionnrNgsf,eocwCryahdBnriisyedcdsehlfeoarsrrigdnCicnoHegrpaiitronbridnaoutrvsioot(rln3vi,a7el0sa8sn)od;lid winadstiescshianrcgluesditnog scuyrafnaicdeew(a3t7e0r9s.). ATshae rmesouvlet,mienngtesotfiocnyaenxipdoesuinregsrmouanydowcactuerr tmharoyurgehsult the use of surface waters as drinking water supplies, and dermal exposures may result dfroommestthice arencimreaaltsioonralfisuhsefroofmsusrufrafcaecewwataetresr.s iTshneotbieoxapceccutmedulatotiobne oafnciymapnoidretabnyt exposure pathway as cyanide has a low potential for bioaccumulation and may be degraded in surface waters.
5 6 i4 Other Sources of Human Exposure
eoiCpaZnaastnnnorfyeendrttlaaHhhlse-nlneuqHrr.aCineooruud(yrNtbppi3etdroaoo1(aermhng3ga3tdoaeet12.ogcsnnt2)tteroii9hinobTccnva)ipecsnehsiceoeHdseoylennseuaCmpstcivtrnrshroiNeicsaliensellduet,psrfsieeiiuioeo.soirtnrnionmasptrshIsfeteretaudssbewdttsbosohehpteliblbeovqnoertyeeuthwet1edbhiseotn5i.eeeont10rnahu2ca-ctCets1aamehr7nlotsicemto0onnimunsrt(solpprm3onatstihplr5atpbhaaaeet9thrueldutr6leotirce,(icarsoe3tovipt3hn6cnembh1aa6lsu.0treHoft8rirr0iss)adtCoep).Tiuben.mhNeonaogennuAjromtifdetsercftooac2tmwmiHfohaEnraioehtCr+dssabcut1iNnirolnmfny1aoitgrfhraisttnstgn,ththanoepvedtobaurorefCtlaonlroutctbaeniormaclachiadenttboelor,reolsmroodyaeupgnnsishens,beduenpeyalrghailigalnlCceyihsdrgotbeiHnfb'usfileCnreydg.Ne, n
dsufruenogacmgtoheInnssbsthuceiinardonluaGittnshilgoaavntsiucgmtrooiewmfothrcsesayhbnaloyneivwsiedf,eiseradecmmrtaiyoagnlxyhodintcriaebtlmsreeuivlbleestuslas,lvfareoonodrfmcepCifoacNrlayveaawicnmyrsiaei3nd(t13yied1speo1eif6nra)csn.opetnuliadHrtsoctooetiwcesfs.e.wtvheeIeAtrre,cissadausopdreurvmso.beidytnsuIiotscatfebhedrfaoiesuridentbtteGoherenes
CYANIDE
56-17
hemaafnuofadwtiiconeamtsvchteoyrereb,oanilmfiuesmtehisnbmmiseicorstiksrgoieeaofarndtecsmetigtpe(ea1enrn4stem2dth3tionea)ks.vgees.oPmbnreSooetkmbhneaoedbkrlteey(ypr1pst4oehr2met3oe)afdm.yco(bis3get1a1rieme7xt)ppt.eoorssIetmtadniosttkoaeslodsfu,roortmcrheeel0eoaa.f0ms1eeo-dx4up0niontsmuinrge/hd,aalyedi,n
AsecicaptefnooouaxcxlsalyotlpcpsecutnbudooohruatmeAcsasellhauiualnsalbynarttprUcteeheseeiefr.doposSocsbtanruiu,.otepheo/gnoWlse(dpahetd1nvuehtba4otaececneiu1rsrtnydel9scbgda0te)tteen.(.po,h3en0aHirnde.trebo1Btesaerode3eaeado.tuhlsli5t4tolfstchaiho.ahpme5smob1eoHOids.lHbpgt5iesC/seruaCddhgegmlnNia.anea/Nsdpygdtnei/uaCuiokfurtznnfoosnsgyapodekorm)artodnniinnnaoCai/otndonithwna7aogtheth(y0neey(hsCtnse-3.deheka8iNric(sUg1suod1s)3l.su2g6iaycSee)lm0odsa.y.tsiu4ruscieoni)nolTsT.t(ngtsr1rhhitmedy4hTaesege2oaehiescc3dmlsxeeoymt)aate.naeierebralnsnyexejyguTiosdtdrmniierthanevnhaaiepetsntetsailotunsyAiku,trfFo,oeuarDsncooocmliowolItteyyorhdifbhgoufoeoeciasfraccfay<nhnccnafdts3udrysnoicureamuiygraAitdntraia/nesenigpcrnd,adgreeyilheinsdicsaioueufnoosrrtlnsfoitbss,/umodermeaenye
cst(ih1ym4aoen1w.9iAed)dle.thiaAnonupdgaprhvainercrekyaniangtnlegyi,dcwoenanothceaernsnaattbrriaeeoetnilnwoonwifdo0eu(.1n0m4d91o9nin)ti.gto/gLrrAionaugnsnuddfrowvareaymcteyoarax,fnimt9idh6uee9mhpwarcaseotvnetaraclkeesnenuntcprepaptlaliianoecsndeilonseifvn1e8c9les70itoghf/aLt
563 HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS 563.1 Animal Studies 563.1.1 Carcinogenicity dacc(a(n1aonfite6nondet8tdrb7rNfusue)etpcowtmtaefdeoocrdirdguidaefyaneifwoeetdidaennnddrli)ttytsrhhiwwevea(fge1oiattagr7shdrpr8dacoar13iotwon)a0lnl.itg0omchonltHn/uigohtdeegoeftdde/whLJdceeenianvHnutrcheocsmaCreairn,bnlbNcaoedeitgnsriieaeteooxotrnongahcoifercoionbyiamctfiinlyctloaieciemtsodyvyeiafemannloltHsspioof.dlCvaectiannyNThrtaadeihs.reni.ercdlireeadAetsHteahntifnoeooaaddnrwelresaeedb,hrvooolianeysfdsvtroeyoaa,epixndtlgtaapoyehrbtfeoehicbrlnweaoieeim.rtltfohcifpevgeiRrnneyciantaotcciwtgtvbsyoieaecyonnfsauceidPlcnl.douegerssarefirofyaentcst 563.13 Genotoxicity soSt9fr,atihwneOhmTinlAelny1se0tagr0aaftieonivwfeTS.sAatulK9md8uioesinshneioltlenhatisttayhlsp,etuhgdi(me3yn3uwo8rt4iauo)sxmdinceowmteiftoifhnneodcsutturstcaeomtdefedcttoaytbharnoaeltividceHeraCthcawNtivvietawhtbaioosenrem,nwbuirutteahtpgooneurnottitecdwi,nitmh ost
56-18 CYANIDE Tmsata(inr3tnbAreea9olaated19tiatn50heebtqs3)edoo.0ruil,nwisaccChtdiyetotyaiahhdwacntetonciinditviSdhsoaeaapetsatlslsitmaooeiantbssnloitohsns.n,dieebtpir(hUOuiv3otemaset0tah/7mmDsae2csnruyi)Nicu.ytariaAmnnoggTivsedeboechnnesmiyeointacsritedgneoeipavixnadtdoeisgocetarsreastosena(ey3ffstuf1oidgeast5niceihld9ntneo,stgonhf3tcooeEo1rctfxos5ymicsso8acsohbun)ald.eistinndriaeutkiegrOscm.ive,hnwneiagaicancayioidcstafgoyneBelDiitondoNfoaedantlceA.oodynxruaniiasncniesitinrsdecmgfeeemfltaselaetnscrratytaaelp.ibwarnwoesitvleihsitreoeevusesnly 563.13 Teratogenicity, Embiyotaxicity and Reproductive Effects wpsaibmataanionnnyragtecrdoddnsaniaDtdlitetpecafToeecidnrlrcgnhhstooeocareoceeocesondferlekpudcttu0eoyeehpaede,drcfgsaqeoea0ralumtwtt.eofie1aoinacxivaat2igstsolhLtalh6teefrelewo,ndaebl(snrei.npe01eocmer.to7t1(uehAflp8ah2tarit2onoeda7atitrt)idoml5lho.ens3niennotn0iisounatgC-rtiobit4saaosyoobe0n0tlxaifrs.dnihndo1eacttiuri2etfhmvrdivamf9eoieseeenee5snoacdwsdobwdtn,mrosritatpuobahfeemsctmiufexrinocooatapytn)alndthcoa/stocbksmyeosingusgeuaiwtieti/dhnarninhenneeieiirggdislrgscehtsaeecoestionetsrhnwolLudeffeeebfardaDvgeesstsemcxe*eioecloster,xe,doosntnvvtdianscseuecatotoo.tndem.ilifnsoucnpte.otnasiuhintmoatnwoahedFluuimioadiyoeodsufsctfoluami(yasynnaybsplads.rbrnctecmaiyh6yxraniHneaioptgsntenwylohiogoodissnrsdwouturfioeelmotrdrur.aspieueeignuledldmnhflTiret.ustipahrchs9nsueaie.aAkolaenremnuodtcnAlhulisgleuati)stagemtlhyrrh, dw0eccmcCrarp1yfooee.vr0rai3fmddaninteeesn6hgnugruttsco-kraa/anIocc2tl1aoini/gsveeag.nnk05ldeadnegsge0i%angnitdlgfnwfwriig(eenct(oor6idta3athtiauteao0fgph5thytripl0edfl3pcdeyr.paatw6srrlrcphmaiuno)o(ozeip.bOSaxptsgessimoypigsielmidtrruWhpgnn()rbiae5asartcaestoiochoitrnaonvareyxefeetrtnnsleaahnmGtyy.cdd6nsryteo6a.e0ioffo4adrlleeln.ue.dnei6mefentsgdmodoide)sdhaarmubngtoemwlKcshfce.mdnoeheSeosesrilrrdaoCeyineTvgwamnltuttN/eshodh4rwuketdsstm/loemrgctreosoleseoairtsitberffhannwht)ige/encaitads1dersiaatadnttv0taeinuiteeoekanyiadtdrttenol)fhisdhse.yx,nndeuber,paog(.wbuli1roFrtche1ned7ctsoTgri6rhftam8ieganiesee0hsdn6hkmttwosecn)rafenrofocoeaeisveegrhnymidllfagmeseieagbg.phprttnomahhearotoainlfawaidTrrneeooct(lteeas.s5hdrcyecdldeydaea.(bcafva3yaneasetTmsyos2nndssioc.dafsh2aoaa23fa7vedt6etsmt-vha.eipii)15ondnae(eler4Sfotgei(digsecwanCxlpipo)tooncppgrcNrfawnewpswecooetvt)yggrngsiaaas/eopoaneenmthssirndxansranaotLiosiinaanibmawndntflstctoeeesie.sgeiayinocimnoofdnt.gaccneTaaamtil.ay5hdlshesetevesea7oierdv.rrt9asoe psceatithxdomapatmraenotsisePsgnsdeeriiadusdetamgdetlntaraoaym1cfn.y5o1bt5ar0sWn5sm2ihdd2hmiegedee/dgndpfna/oodyoerswostwe.se1eedro3seiAn56ffcsleetdhetxhriaopmoyawfousresedogseidamhnddyattatobaihhlxynyseoitd.cugsmieatdiOynveyoaacnafrbgneteeytabh1estRi5ewoer5udtechdiomntdenwcorgitreter/eaddioagaolsmnhsasi,dntfeatgnxeaL4lrienymeadt9wrifum4lrimgyes5req7os(mou0w3afe%6gtnh01dtK50adr5)dyC.ea,ovtNmsedeTegloshooh/sadfpeiondoetfdgsdhbeoewesneeainssne
CYANIDE
56-19
sadyfetmveerpltosohpmoeswdioNnfgMnsuybtmruipttitoronemacsol.vmeTruehsdcisleacfdoteenrgdei1nt4ieorndaatwyisoa.ns o(NbsMer)veadndinusounalyllyondieedcownittrhoilnla7mdbaytshat
563.1.4 Other Toxicologic Effects
563.1.4.1 Short-term Toxicity
cinyttoicsDhsuereoamthheypdoouxxeiidataosaencdysaydnsteiedamethp.wohiTsicohhneinpogrreav]iseLnatDtstrHoibxvuyatgleuedne tffoorroamnHCirneNtaecrihnfienrtgehnevcitemalwouittishsesutihsese8r.5esmulgti/nkgg dA(am6bei7astt)ootrhrcawbhndehosdiuniel,edenrctttiyoahsa.tenarietLRdespeCeoisrrpfaeiitaCrnodaNrittylihSyoeansrrterriiaamesctssttusitlsiramwet1siui4outl2hnlattptweihpfdiemtthirnter(haiHavytnmapCleeeaNrnntp)tttenfmiieorsaorpnnto3oc0totcofurmarbcspiyrn.iitnduoglctHyehsoyraxpod(yom6mgx7eeii)cnn.oicsxttoOoiednrnavtechsudeeels(iit1oni6sns)su. ea.nd
vhb2SaoeahrcutiooaroumsIu.(nrs1esh6.Dcah9olei1aAnnat)cnditoehpdennrl,atearaocdlaetsftoda5iconyogndpacrspnco.rumiuedrpsA,erpseaticdroa2amfna0tiaf1oltrp0enekparemdmwd4ia,ctdshoeaeoplciraupnrabrrepsooaairdxisireneitdmaigticanwhhutethetfeloecy1nhot52doa0mxmp%iipcnibcimteteayrokswefaexcentporhwdoeneastdseeamexdioanipbctigohensrsegoedr(ud1viHep6edtdC.9o1.Na,Mf1t01geo6arbp8sip44liim.)nt5.y for
cmmbPIctoyrugantario/rsivmknktuHiou)e3nlxdnasjafiiecyocnvplmreedcraaeaon1srlikl0enoliseif,xizefrtiw2uraht,ear.ehetter2eiseo,pas.neel2b.r,Aailo(ver11fuase.6it7slho8yoc5inu4psvs)ltasaiiynsoreaidcxbroyseplfpte1oe.ar.ts7sehce5leeSdiasnmotdesmotdoiihnxfgeeudtdtheoiolerxeefsegpp,cstmotthrolsteyoeeomsldedpte1coeontu6cgoi5cltnsaiy,v6gras5e2eun9lls0yafi0dfy.(,emeemr,6rFgee2td/oommh0ufi,nb3ort6ercfhc9aoyoer0narfo,nects2sah7eistr0ecmee0oobsi,vonfiexeraulgrlntudrgiednaemosgyng7.ers0tmreh0havaelaettadelre.d
capfoiberlrdclocloeuwCmteytaehdannrnesobioduysugehsthawivsawiebtadchslh,oisciorwnhpgerttieroohaenefdfimwalaysbautdasesobcnplmseeeodsrer,mnbbceeiowdtlntlaeyvtsdhus.relisdoxiWuepognodihssto,hewdtiahnnnetdoatsodkf9eie7anwa%.tbhmoGHawinruCaduisNnteweosavib,tahsprpeairoagpvrsi.eo,ddnwrOei(et1nship6lny9ictrh2hae)t.idiroinameter
wtapthhfoitateiehtsrocVayanrrmitiectonsikycfgtilhocarriinsanaoildttmdrirouieFetneesropooidxinefriihddacplatiaiancsorrekondttis(otwyp1ovsi4rattoc5ehsadmc6ruuo).dlrcaiheorwTavavhiaftneusihsycnosuccuualtoagpitonrgpn-1cerr.0lseeut0cses%pidiaoibrntaolhetxwaoyitragnyseecnarfbraealwaiyslsueaedrdseeiinoanitnnehmftafedhedtcuehdteeiiotvmibteoosoneagcrnltyvoodaabntiatinirodebneualotnimcntkilednootfgs
56-20 CYANIDE wccsldtsCianeoiuaacrgeNvjlldconreccebupSdeiciileuumJfs-etimemmionicnduncdhaeouleninawwdirwnfenttsfriahciaieoeottrisotctnsnhoneheltpscaeideeovear-os1bteenee0cbscnarcdiraygaiismuaennleani.wrdingnnsrwia(w/iet1ktlcdohhadito6gateefino.h8nl-rdlctptii2iehninon5ou-)extdbgtmhi1iaurmcnie5tsacnihvstileidynrienemedu.euvusmltiwecttarnioeltgMethsuistiacolaooteyadtnoellnaeaelusfesdsc-n.orhebatiifSidtnhlrTpochwategeirfhe.iuioensitemcmnfeshAa-ftjcecWolfeowycherctsfiascaaietuiitn.rigtlbnmhosinsgtndicotnSiea,eefff5usil-rrwcc1icbonmaii5ymhumtnndramiitmeiuncnbcmihcuidneridcentaeotwoedewriucrnsnaartoerc-esdeorncciesasoeaefnfesslolsttletcesuhulrhiiuslnauegloiebantgmw(ricba0esouwercts.nou5dlactthersae-uidvn.og7dnbmyelaeyelcmntuTwos-ahbaeluhgalaatlcrs/sletotikaleiuyosigtcimtn.hnnahKoilettcouTioCiaufgthlNahmelt) 563.1.4.2 Chronic Toxicity wcosotkurahuhartinfedratrcrsievhntoneexiinewHrtv8spyeetiat0ecoraoxolrvowisaltneeoouafmoaftglfrfsriftieiee3.edhctn,scd0haeeth0ealNwdsacno.aiopytodwtbrdahpfeensEinmHeaivcorgilttyedeareneraHvgmenfds,unaazCatrmitovaardledaNlfinedietrgaii(ttimea1toieoitsnnet7dhxaede8iiwldrctosxt1hairehcat)wtwaeryyrcstea.octiesdtwonurhdoianeageGebottdrt0hcsesre,uotaeopoeucrlgmu1nrretvte0empoevpe,s0dsttedaei,hetlnnrsohdeaoaiatf.nerwtebs2idt1oloea3-Fue0nyrn0dnoeer.lw0myyooaeinpdrptIaaca-honrplfonpecetemndesotvpehedacnidaenmlnehsriuwintdueyansacgnmdyitooo1tirtnspvn0hfhothteteugartiaftoevohdehnzpnnlemyeaausl,r.atmdcaltdsgiyorlcmmbreNaoateodnaoipnorCtw,eipedtrabtdoelpeehairedfvr.atwdsmetrrd.aothraaTortirottnaataheslh8ewon,ea0tgdnahnFilncadepaiadtvsrplmtemhl e opminrhegytetsawsiHbtoiiocleooelrnigtsaitmcwinadigltwahyceehrtcfaeooanmrlog.bp1e(s5sl1ee6rtimne8ve9orodn)er.tcgahoadsvn.merifAnyuincsouctcettcireouenrdtroio0xnr.ig5cpwsteiorigtmnh2sianmwnehgen/raktelgfauaslstnoeudrahialuoltymiuoron.cbsysNaiennroviideneedtveitrfdoomeldnleodocwegiasirnoyogfnce mbpefuefirtcemrcsoBtuasebncoaolenegnptltihfecoadodlcadhodmgaocsansoggewneess.esuormeifnpcfoeytidraognna1i,dn5esh0eocpmarpnamttiobsslseouogedtoisicule(mp1raa6trc9eay0dma).nefiotdTererhslioe,nsnbegtehhdpeaaevtrdaiioioeridtnasdlfoioccrhfaat3teri0matcdhetaaeywtrsiissttuwhibcoistsuhttoarnnatoniayl wAToamlexnihlsotiliiedhmnoratnOavahissnltuecssscl.cinrnlwdaeeesuSviaritteaeoeshhvilbnensteiaaoglncliinlttodoydyyrepotpmbohtpsuilfeeecyissnsrbeedctlcoorienantatfnhleiaclstssottsostisouvddhuhefeeiemsuamst.osmehpyaebIettncmrieltdcyiaernpacnen2atanas0teiitrir%udeoeimsdrenpoe.omo(prnr0faaottL.tet4stsohedth-s1yfdels.iie7tnekhahvleanliemclsdilyy(mog1aaap/d6anl1reul8i0mesdd0e0aea)hddtrgayioiek)ndnmeltjttdooelhyhewxceercstileiceoiollendareonptavwetsrtueidiamlsvictnesyblecatsyatsbaohulncaolceobhdryswcaraoautonnepoltmeieratdlckiyeneecrseofironotoeiuenrcsrs.uvl3ylets.
CYANIDE
56-21
innerhvies.totoxic anoxia and the observed damage to the corpus callosa] and the optic
563.2 Human and Epidemiologic Studies
563.2.1 Short-tom Toxicologic Effects
v3eeoglicnopnaou3fsrniziEsgtsniychoua-eomePeufs8anfifthserortymcpricasscsoaianyuoigntotsiblsiimseltocou>ocesnenargim/pomn,ligsoctusioitLnafsbatawlgnoicHt,loiehr,ittHsfveCyhymssoccCNpamcoyo(royN1nafidvnt6tnkoiaiHs8vainecpde3aygChsoew)p.,rr.NooiocgtrfHmohheCvmnavuhaeypveamapparearosolnaliaxeporbilbntid.uideesetwesleaaeyAenatsnbaiaerocinieknrnufnibeonhmdtstpeueei,shabiosnnovlistirsdtguneo,tsregtatoettdmchrniosxygetdpeim(tobcte3ot,aaheoco4cl:tbuirh8liabisomurd2cl,enolz)oya.cszmgnseiofsinrnsefmeR>ogasnemoiocelsxitxralmnioaptyirHdirtoovtisaotsuvhCeosebe;seaeNdetngcus,e(dooestar1canoinre4aoits,scn2tsnviue,hth3a,nilair)vterbdtn.saayiritydbidtayinssnbatpgmiioc4otnahf2one>enas,ekonarefanysteds,
L5cathy0bCra-oto9nSuu0iCOtdgy'me3hsagsn(mt;amhildgtteg/sehk/misgsiikssVicfnsamooorr(mifr1na7ee6)s0stw8p--f3akoho)crgna.ttdimmnsTlgaoathnwnopeeoh(arhi1asbu4vboo2meneu3catb)awn.eu1heslinDmeectheghoea/safckttlahigsmnldofmoaowbtsraeeeeydraionbabf7heby0aisn-dloMkegergdelpca,sNtpytiieoeeandrdnmgs,eoaHfsinort.Cear.e.dN,a(Tn32aih40nsh4e0db1o-/2tu)oeo5lrrxiu0.eiascvimbinTetsdygghoerototbhofreedbe, rmeilna)t,io3n4s0h4ip,(1Mmanin)L, C44t5000 =(34mXin)M, 6o0u7s2e (L1C0t5m0ina)t, v2a0r,6io3u2s(e3x0pomsiunr)e. times: 2032 (0.5
ptinorteo6sxeRignceacKcetoiCovonNefrwfiweoisiott,hdhhciotynhwaenterhivadeeperyd,, ihhgfroaeowsvmteeivvbeienerget,rneamsctdutioosmnct uabomyeferiunenptttaeerdtrdop(r3a1e-b4t5es2od3gr,pwK1tii7tCoh9nN9.c, aw1ui6tt7iho5on)u. tinRthteehsrauatlpttsyhoeafndoruapl
wiriRmneiatptmoehoserCtaadtryenuipdaapu8tned0ai(ld%dy1efl7ael8toiNsa4oslta)faCalcdwscoNoecansitcdrsesrceeroiain.lboudteuitTdlsiiyonnhnaeeaw.sbcswhsa.HioascrethHeberieedna-dcidewywtdiahoehnrdriiicknodhue3elrgeahhsswoosmautluhtsrahtesnisaopnslnaaklactioecsnsnrhpid.eelaaednnshMdhtooaeuuncldrllayl.nteihrnde-btrHoeohephefspaaissetdad(fl1aa6fbncu7yeds7eta)sdhnhaidosKlusrhoClodeNuertes.
(th-1e0l0Niteumrmagte/umrro3eu)s(i1sc4al2es3teh,sa1ol6fi8na3c,huu1tm6e8ac8ny).san(Ii1dn4eh2a3inl)a.ttoixoincaotifoHn CviNa icnohnacleantitornatihoanvseabbeoevne c9i0tediigifnL
e2fos%cllaopHwTeehCdrbNeebefayomtrmceeoonmtshppienhyleeptrcereoo.lrltaeeApccostlievlvde3er. ymmSwaeysnimtkhswpi,nteborm3uetsdonavoyoefsraac(dco1udm6ti7teei6o)cin.nyaal8npitdroeot1ee0xcptmiovsienuurceltoetswhebinruegt, mmenaantneiarfgeeesdtdeadto
56-22 CYANIDE
Heidoemsp(r3uxfciergCfs0cpgrees/u7gcogmNocre5esWutc3rnus)liieatoartoneerdrtnexhfdeihi,lotapbueyHtnatloryhmahlCralewtaeatn1iNtetsoni3mdtudnshaabytftLnooaj((ohae3crcee(coc01a1sxt6an48recs6psdc2co9moemheoi)m5us.nnaioiu)mnptdndfrrueluaeaehaxtbrttteeauyutiesmsoommt..dndaiai6esinrnTTsnc0kedanhr7hdepuseoideuspacmtstresehdeivgrsesaeeie/rdvmecnpiaancarfoo3nflaterteacrrafwtcodeassetiirutiednstaeorh)dcs1fip.toniy0rcdfPupiuaWuhsmtitniwcreensiaciianantegtlrthqviughtooiseutnanitserfneth.saltchoetacheceyfyAeeopfaMifauloffnlofoctlxiuicdhrcslidNlrasuooetb.mmbawmetmjeipiheRnxencsaarenuguetrnerstcraetieeeevess.xxndim(hve3nptoecDil4boonywdu4yseutsue1aBbetpsd)rtedyioeehnscoAu5bitosfs0-yoaifVcll500 563.22 Chronic Toxicologic Effects wodifesatcrkyeFansensewsidisn,erveianperdroetirvitgcisidot,uoedafnlasiilunlssueetfsahfp,eeecrcltaitstpeeidardasostpoufucrhliesaa.etv,eidSnhogewmacidtehhariconlhonvenie,cgsft-clitugyeasarhtmnoiinrdsgeex(opp1foo6si9tsuh3ore,nei1fnta6ogc8.e3sm)anhadlalvgqeausoatbnrsitceitrivesed dbmsatlaehhnlyegtaerode,nSmwrigabAeneairndnlddloedhigyoevEbCaoxdieEsldlpNedkruGCdogsiansmlNlue,H(s1ivrdhtdCl7eehoeei8llNvvwsaf3aereti)paollewn.sotpdmghprd1Fieeldcr0etdnihiohv-fft1tpeefih2ciepipeevms1eaueo.d5sdpiolgu%vfniat/lrsec1,toopdhh0bnaes02elqtcf,-iaratnu3mloegfdedtmeLtfoeninh.urgeoeet/ssrtfrrhsAaaaeKehLtllilunaaCs.mcvrosNttniylainhuvimlngeiatstigpoiyocsllt.enheufofr,rmttoiwIopomtsnhahniwardeclaenuaifsscssia1oyshep3rafdeope-namtvefithtdeaoeoetaerdhnlcev.eettldihdeoslaxBuwelnitaeflchiotlatiatthovyhfatidierneeiwmlnoadg4anf,oasaamldanadldynbddo,esdsinsittelscithenoahrfecnnitsbe,etod sTKrEAaatevhifCb3pfteef8reoNnno-rrPtryewtuesoseseonraisladxemllirulsi-ybnhmoato,yi-nflootrdcehnceCnlniydethnotahaloibnaslncdtianaidneidocsldlskeafwmwb,haiiiinnnpowailsicrdintenaktyfiahgfpiMenekirrassgineacttwesrecaiurtotsathalnlsifsatotoafeiinninoinwdlpsngrsoei,tr(tmtlfhh1euitrsehs6oaorhe8euminnmae6tedrspd)bmcg.auhlsltsibionrnilClevvocaagneenlyncetsrakaida.cnc.crfuiolo.ddeTtruIegeethrlsc2dmewahanyiwaawnntelsadegoaerl,rarkixuksbodpresrwibioroanyissrrpteurbhodhhrelrraeiedbeoonartmpt,deatophsnchyireteecnaoislayogniudtanadgintanshhicddaddehreteemcehvsvr,eewisuellpvoaltstoeacspkurphieirnneednidsne.a.o.tdnofd iciantynahdfnaaeisCcdathe,btirebneoeexgnnpidccosausucbuegybrgateanoegsidedtteu-hetdeeytpotttheoxoaixvcatiiecdtgitydtheyietbtaioeosbafnylrmeaitslaspfctsmooatrmnremitksaeaixbnataiogsocclnierscirimbobpefairdltoatedhrtiouittoyhccctey,thoarstnyohtmanihotiipeccoytcoc(ay1ymna6aans8nta3eiodt).ef.eoiHpncotecoaiusxvpoiyacnatisintmoigononamk,lianaygn,d
CYANIDE
56-23
swctwhirmhuyeeiobteatapruhnsdrsrptiWeoaindNatnvceuetuaheeditedtdvGee.hn,adrdtapnAirrncfowaeaohdfrsutmaruessh(fralet1otehtgaer6i3iecd9svsaat3deiNnlaixln)andytayey.dasGdtevehaoosOpetrmcihflsnnrada.iisjctbtioeitsenecdhSabhdtgiepyioeu.ompamfnfoeopeA.acfultrtltforihNatNntmeeinhiaoaxrcscGcuaadeyeiclsa,nxateoyclcpnaiy,favloa,u,s1stsadeleyu.fas4eomrcidirhnkengpvej3lttoeooooohclfsdmfvtasaciaisdsonyyoopnsagwdfpi.snni,ieauaittdhTpmhtimhetipihneseaeehtwtnha2amimnitdooeedadrac,xanckynpynen'as'saosepen.rsscrlaceaevovotddconoeneuud.sdfwssipotninatiroIeoeisrnossn1asnjs4ed,civcdtieaaorlynltsyis,gtoo,
ceeNtbhaxxyoisppoetoocshsAssiyegeeoannddnftshaimttnytoooerciflosr4daietnd-roa6texsoasgiepuclvdampilettnmryiuodnardwggicerneyerefararsaoreuontyfemlitrd6eieten.xhpc5gchyv-or1rarrieo0nopttie.niod4odtirhnc.epeancponHylmafadaporntwpgpchieeydoieomaaevscrnseeyaieirbndanx,ltenpcyEeaoaftltsomooeurGforwcheungyaapgoacswinot3toiaemo6dbrbespsi1m.ee5seratatveylleeteaswdale.rioltise(vnh.1cet6rcirB9oaot6dslphoe)ildeoarehdtyeaiepnfraoogdrrreswtnue(eodp1rrt6ska29ek04res).
cTrcoeyhtmarenosmGobegouiednrlnboisaicnecroiacngsntleceyrsyuicbaoriunnistitciididslnu,eegdspteefo(a1rxNcn6itci8iogci3treiyo)r.ufihaosnausannndbueemtienrniiatei,oaimnccrhapelltioincnfaeitutsehmrdeospaienantdchvoayanr,tdiaoLixuteiiscobnentsrre'osuwproaiocpspatalaictnahdeliicueatrtdorhiposiopagrthhhdyyei,nr. s.A
5 6 3 3 Levels o f Concern
oinfg2e0sTt0ehdnegtUhfLrSoEfuoPgrhAthw(e3a5tpe5rr)oathenacdstieocsontnaotbaflmishhiunemadtaenadnhaaeqmaulabthtiiecnfrtoorwmgaanttehirsemqtsuo.axliictyprcoripteerritoiens foofrccyyaanniiddees
dmmrggin//LLkFin(o(l1gri-fdewnatoaiymnt,ecera1).0r-cfdoinaroy,agdelonunilctgs.errisTkte,hretmhWe) fUHoSrOEchP(6iAl6d6r()e9n9re2ac)nodhmam0s.8eisnsmdusged/aLhl(eelvaoelntlhgoerfad1tve0irsm[oir)gifeaLsnodfofr00.2.2
ll(iissmkteiintdB)obof(yt3h55A3OmC9)gSG./HmIHAJ .(a(3sF5oC3r9N)h)yadnfordrogtcheyneanAciydCaeGn, iEdwHei,thO(3aS00Hn5oA)tahhtiaaovsneeossetfatpbaolinssshoiebcdlceuapskaSitTnioEnaLbasl ooerfxp5ptioomsnugr/em3
lriemTciohtmefmoHreenHadlCtahNtio,annedfhfeaScsatfibveeteyenJCanmoumaadmreyisf3soi1or,na1o9l8of7nG:gr-1te0eartmmBgr/emixtpa3,ions1u0hr-areasilniinmTtirtWod(3Au1c.1e5dN).oa new control
ccalarscsiNinfioeagibtehlneeircasIaActotRivhCituym.noarUnSNcEaTrPPcAinhoa(g3ve7en4ic9cl)aitsylsi)is.ftisedit tihniscacrocminpooguenndiciwtyithGrroeguaprdDto(not
56-24 CYANIDE
56l3.4 Hazard Assessment bialactpsttanehahhyvpblrthotiaeeaopshouoinoidrbacrlmadriCoauyliadlp.txbvacotyiedtienleenraimeoTooegsannsnlanahotiaeosklodetxestreree(esyvmli1vyoymmgoesi4iaefnssrur2eoi1nl.eecbHm3ra0.shdle)0pteCb.Treh-iAarqat1Nrheeoaspua5tfuxniftie0Kdsfcoienefof,klcr,fCioymrcelytenyisNacxgnah,lettp/etc,ausimnwettoo.mdiszhcns3nhtyeruaaigibIaminllrmnnt,yetaiesdheccelsshiaohctnaumlmiosheraghfemacefnhauassionycd,mlcianaicdioscepbatactosmyniplheleaoslatnrseenan,dboratsdsirexuenwp(doaboil1tdhmeashtyf4/eyiycioo2aicscxoesprnt3,hyidnera)dasclte.norkynyieavnetfitasie,nsd5ouWnncuw,0lxeoiyotld-iiuahtianft9onsenhising0vecgdiidpehdndtamrtrhoreshtoiaaegssoaediepcasibrsuunistbndeyhchatoogaleehtoeydedfitsornaslyirtauceltigryeintyprafeothlarepiapsnaamdodntetiblidimuaiioevodstirenoeynfdesilur.neytsbtatmioatihninemeMlntaiedrdhpzotypvioihnntalnfboieertilsgymroosxmuuiecms, ameoxvfupattiohalNasigsebeodlnsetiicuncfododneyriftcfiactenoytcuiatootnsnhuisedoslefoyhfcu(ty1maoa7dna8Nvin1dea,resCs.1ietN6u8Aea9bftf)iyseo.icnnitnNgsfilsuoewsqiredoueranpeetsoadtnriuwotortneneiarndoebgtleieangd.vealsmotilanaatglbif-olotenerrmom(n1a7tift8oeh2nee)ds.cinianTgrchhsieantumosdgisgieteennsriifcsicaanndce cedTTlcitnehyifihhrvfscaeceioeernsucrleristmdaadiiTsssbeseoksehriotffldseaeoioftxnclysflrcymptuoaihacooacwathrnshflejoleurioyddhnoorraenuiiefsictbmimywcrNyienpeahoxilslcngoifipphcocsewoihulaarrls-tmtviaaoluaelaeptedanrivisadonleeeadncensl,btystuoolecaioetnexoxnrrilcimpiditofltdshyouawilaeoeostd,canurweleycarex,adtoelvwopnengeneoatialvddaoesslsuueuekpwlocarrnsiyrntfoeiiehatoapgschpnnasayoisrs,itdatdrehhhlnaaesyyecepin,dofaaidaaerebmdrtfcaeudaft(tlpetoce1iomoclhar6wetnttie8htsnhi,e3neeia.om)xcnr.esfopedaevLnocalviS.oifsedcetutuvytureusleraenteidreeolcyianieen.lsense,xedvikupsnShenroayaslnoosksumvowuliseosntpernugaetcgiio,croagmtarnvboeilosctosaltmhuusotitisigfottihtinhvnh.eage.t,
56.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS SrmaaahreecdnaoaqqimduadyuulriytpiiDssbirrzloheeeeeewnosddtheupccoroterlaodomfnlesllselsibpseesncoorcuretdavoteelitifavdnauoiitoeddmninnaiodentsneohoidslefpyiofinodtpaiscnhvssrryseoreoeiatserlxbshvnpieldeaegierndsneletaepads)csi.erfnsoitneaoeosovtInrtleanorhintncie(idcpaoagvedlslfeacliadeeoostnfciltoniftdditetictioalroadumnlecnmnsocs;aittinadyiniomnltmauaatnatattaiphhilnixiodlneeieecnmeirhn)tpsauladgHoncmrourdogsrfinaeonihlnotcmfeaeogen.bdlptnedohsltierSasernlsaamaiagttmsmteaopairtotrpmpliyenlmlo4epesrscaselC,oneilnsliaqaslhwilreussyogcia1ostuet>4liihirisllotd.ydnats1ahinb2.Cczye;deoesa.Snarw(sate2rcam4ootiserlprbleics
CYANIDE
56-25
sraemcopmlems esnudcehdams feitehldodbs.lanks, duplicates, and spiked matrices may be specified in the
anTmscM9risoonei0hatlfmed1sruleyutu2atphsb,Eixtcfloaoeo-syePtnmdderxahpA;mqis.nepsru-titl3idiaeecohhlI3pelnsyrfeya5aptdtct.iltncir2syhooroyoionedncaavrdgtoenneesaieonsaiaddniadptvncmiseeetl3ipslneprruah3ridatglotoly5eetfincddsowii3todernhicdneiott.e(nohuoc1sndyare4tNcutaneah2aynsrsdie0tiappiinrn)cfnyae,aaogrcobbthar9iiegsdscdye0oeotiiids1dahrsnnrr0tnbbeesio,(hd-elciHglbnadho/aaeonagulnCtnroriaidlonsbrNdlsnyonii9ud)tslai,buuti0lesrfietrt1ssiihiicdbto2ocpeerryenfyure,a(melb6crcemsitye3bisahardaa)eyeesot.cnrtaehurtaiadtiedeclleolIdanosednnfsognrubeidotMwwnlinaeemfniiiittettatdntehhetrqteirchrnoesmyusfoCa,gaeuedftihrnoolnoessfelriudroeaodm3dsdmricewn3iaosuic5imcacamttom.omh2hilacpmon,eocpobrheip9lluid-iayoem0slTn.ndresm1,edaexr0itudloeswnyr,srticshhtiacildhbsianuceaylddhltyea.
cAifanronbodndmoivcv9Teaec0rthyot1eetar2hdnicisiasodtrolceueoosrccnueiyomdcsameeendn(tpoMtrlgrfiecoaeexrnttepihosarocnouhdbctlyaoeo3dmr3Utiui5datVrr.te2eae)dtda.iinsoigmdnIuenessdpateiemrdsotouenectrrtoeemhadmnoduidndeerneted3edtr3iusom5astf.iisi3lnnltdaghecteeyissociacloncrnvno.ieibldcroeeeTrdnneh(tidatrearsabacctotoHiyeovmaCnena.psNnildedb)Mexe.ialeisostwrrhtheohold1eednasamsm3eg3d/i5Ln.e.3
ccpfaryolrosaneomnpceiaTbdntrehehateeretniianoEstniausPomsonoAeispdlf lpatietnhnroomedacsaqsecwtadurrameueisxeorptnueeplsesrssierasfodeoamrcrimmpotapomleenlnsemaa.tsnl/yesamnsToliydisahl;seyeidsscsa.ayemflasoPpnopryrildobredeosceeletyifdeaoosrupnirmsrpcemlGiiysncuaCaadnstbitiiwflodfebneietersthoosp(fmo3rtl1thiaumo6esbt0saaid)rlls.iiezplctyeeeydcraintmnraiointdnhmdeaeetsiteorpynarhoaaftsed
wsnhoiotnhwaTqninyuspbetieorcluuaomslwde;sanedmtteespcteetlneicostsn.iiotsinvTliithlmyiemiatiasntcsdftouwrmaelarcetydraeinxnteoidectftefiionetcndhtiasclt.iamtceaitdnafbcoherieoMvbeetdathinioneddsa i9gn0iv1we0ansatanendawl9ya0stei1sr2swoairlrlefvoarry
Nonaqueous Detection Limit 051.0mn2gg/m/LLg(/(LMMe(eMtthhoeotddho33d33553.323)/5t.i2tr/caotiloonrimpreotrciecduprreo)cedure)
56-26 CYANIDE 56^5 REFERENCES Nthoetye:apTpheearnoinnstehqeuemnatisatelrnbuimblbioegrsraopfhyth. e references reflect the order of references as
10. PECIGL.na.;lvR1lDia9rehu7opar9nonf.mer,WeteM,nNaRt.taoAe.l.rL;-PEr;SrePWloliAamtteh-eac4idtkt4im,0oe/noMn4rv-eA.7iW,r9goF-e.n;0n.Cm2Gc9.ye;aa,nbMtOaeanlalf,dfefisNcat-er.t0Wei2,o%o.fB;f.W,;M1WM2aa9tyaea,srbphIer.PiPyinol,.gar;WtnitoFnyno.iR,npwg.oD;lel.larHCun,to.da:Jln.tRUS,tst..Ba;,Sn..VJRdeo.an;lrn.dGisIno.gausnl,dd, 11. aCCvhHaeiEmlaMbiclLaelItNAhrEbosutDrgaahctattsbhaSeseeMr.vEi1c9De8L4(C.AAMRSSa)i.nstyasitnemed, bayndthseupNpaotriotendalbLyibarcaornytorafcMt weditihcine, 12. TSCoolanxysict,ooInlno,cg.Gy,.D3.r;dCrleavy.toend,.,FV.Eol.,. e2dAs,. 21B98, 1T.oPxaictotylo'sgIyn.dNuestwriaYloHrky:giJeonhenaWndiley and 14. MDecaGnr,aJw.-AH,ileldB. o1o9k79C. oL.ange's Handbook of Chemistry, 12th ed. New York: 16. PPGuhilbamrlimasnha,icnoAgloGCg.oi;c.a,GlIonBoca.dsmisaonf, TLh.Se.r;aGpeilumtiacns,, 6Ath1e9d8.0N. GewooYdomrakn: ManadcmGiilllmanan's The 49. 2R8etyhnoeldd.s,LJo.nEd.Fon.;: PTrhaseadP,haArBm.a,ceedust.ica1l98P2r.esMs.artindale: The Extra Pharmacopeia, 54. NSiettwig,JeMrs.ey1:98N1o. yHesanPdubboloickatoiofnTs.oxic and Hazardous Chemicals. Park Ridge, 60. MUU..1SS6..4CC6o5oa.a1ss2tt GGCuuOaaMrrddD. 1I(N9A7Sv8Ta.i.lCaWbHlaResIhUSiSnHgGtaoz.nPa,r.OdDo..,CuSs.:tCoDchkeepmNairoct.aml0e5Dn0at-t0oa1f2RT-0er0pa1on4rs7tp-oN2r)ot.a.tion, 63. SUOo.fSlfii.dceEWnovafisrStoeonli-mdPeWhnytaasilsctaPel.roCUthe.Sce.tmioEincPaAlAMgeentchyo.dJsu.lyS.W1-988426..T2ensdt eMde. tWhoadsshifnogrtoEnv,aDlu.aCti.ng 67. CVheresmchicuaelsr.enN,eKw. Y1o9r8k3:. HVaanndNboosotkraonfd.Environmental Data on Organic 69. TNWheiwendMJheoerlrszce,kyM:InM.;deBerxuc:dkaA.vnarEi,nSc.y;cSlotrpoeudmiatsoofs,CLh.eYm.;icNaloseathnedrDFreurgtisg,, 1M0t.h, eedds.. R1a9h8w3.ay,
CYANIDE
56-27
83. AsdMPuarsmitostaortmeecbciaaatCritsiooeeendrspafAsofoorgroraeftntRihoSceenyespe5b1ta4ey9r6m8ct3hhfb.ieenaCranMlod7m,iatEnrp1dedu98utCpe3crro.aortPppiporrooniesrnpeatiadotnriuoesPtndista,etof9shof4oraNlnoptdahgptye.i8,oA8UnI1sna.Sclsc..iiPttEe1ers9dnio8vcr4iiuinr.troireUnesmnnLtievlinysettraosdlnitaitetahse 295. Underground injection control programs. 40CFR144 298. Air contaminants. 29CFR1910.1000 309. Constituents prohibited as other than trace contaminants. 40CFR227.6 325. Hazardous wastes from non-specific sources. 40CFR261.31 347. Designation of hazardous substances. 40CFR116 351. Toxic pollutants. 40CFR401.15 354. Iron and steel manufacturing point source category. 40CFR420. 355. Federal Register 1980. Water quality criteria documents; availability. 45:79318. 504. QNautiniocnya,lMFiAre NPFroPtAectRioenpoArstso4c9i-a1t9io75n. 1975. Hazardous chemical data. NFPA 505. RNaeaticotnioanl sF. iQreuiPnrcoyt,ecMtiAon: NAFssPoAciatPiuonb,lic1a9t7io5n. MNaon. u4a9l1Mof-1H9a7z5a.rdous Chemical 506. NGaatsieosn,aSloFliidrse. PQruoitneccyti,oMn AAssNocFiaPtAionPu1b97li7c.atPiornopNerot.ie3s2o5Mf F-1la9m77m, able Liquids, 507. mMaanteurfiaacltuSraefrest.y Data Sheets and other safety-related data from chemical 511. 0AEH7na6mvt,aireyPotaBhnmo8mad0e,-n2fHo2tar.1Kl0d.0R;e5teC.esrehmaernicn,hinJJgL.a;tbhdoeerVactoeomrrayp,,aEtCi.biRnil.ci;tinySntoaeftpi,hhaeOnzaHsr,.dRoE.uDsP.;AwSaRstrteeopsm.o,rMtDu6.nL0i.0c,/i2p1-a98l800-. 533. C19o7u5n.c(il75o/f44E0u/EroEpCea-OnJCLo1m9m4.u2n5itiJeuslyDi1r9e7c5ti)v.e on Drinking Water. 16 June 540. ACInoutugennucdstield1o9ff8o0Er.uH(raoumpmeeaannndeCCdoonbmsyum8mu1pn/8titi5oi8ens/.EDE1iCr5e)c.Jtuilvye 1R9e8l0a.ti8n0g/7t7o8/tEhEeCQ-OuaJlitLy2o29f.W30ater
56-28 CYANIDE 545. CSeocuonncdil-CoafteEguorroypPeaonlluCtaonmtsm. u2n4itJieusneRe1s9o7l5u.ti(oOnJoCn1a68R, e2v5isJeudlyL1is9t7o5f). 666. QWuoarllidtyH, VeaolltuhmOerg1:anRizeacotimonm(eWndHatOio)n1s.98G4.enGevuaid:eWlinoersldFoHreaDltrhinkOirngganWizaatteiron. 894. Non-ferrous metals manufacturing point source category. 40CFR421. 895. Ferroalloy manufacturing point source category. 40CFR424. 982. WU.Sas.hEinngvtiornonDm.Cen.:taUl .PSr.oEtencvtiiroonnmAgenentaclyP1r9o7t6e.ctQiounalAitygeCncryit.eria for Water. 992. Foregdaenriacl cRheegmisitcearls,19in8o5r.gNanaitciocnhaelmpirciamlsaraynddrimnkicirnogorwgaatneirsmresg. u5l0a:t4io6n9s3;6.synthetic 1236. Subchapter C - Federal Hazardous Substances Act Regulations. 16CFR1500. 1395. 2F1oCodFRa1d9d3it.2iv4e0s. permitted in food for human consumption; hydrogen cyanide. 1396. FaneddelriastlinRgeogifsthearza1r9d8o6u. sHwaazastred;oCusomwmasetrecimalanchaegmemiceanltpsryosdteumct;s.Id5e1n:5ti4f7ic2a.tion 1401. cEBorPmoAdpel6re0ixu0ess/,3:-Sp8J0r.o-;0p0So3ms.eidtWh,aapsLhp.Lilnic.gat1toi9on8n0Ds. .DtCoi.r:tehUcet.Sap.qhuEoatnotvilciyrsoeisnnvmoirfeonhnteamxlaePcnyrt.oantEeocPfteAirornRatAeepgoerntcyN. o. 1419. dUUCoi.SnScEuc.iPmnEAnenanvtOtiir,fofofOnircmHeee:tonhEftyanlDlevnriPrienrookndtimienbcgertnoiWotmanliadtACeergr.(eiEtnPeDcrByiaB8(6)aU.-n1SEd1EP8A2PA4sAs7Re).ses1pm9o8er5nt.tNDOor.finfi6kc0ein0./gXPwr-8eap4t-ae1rr8ec1dr.iftoerria 1420. aEUnn.Savl.iyrsEoisnnmvoifreonwntaamtleeMrntaoannldiPtowrroiatnsegtcet.aionnEdPASAugpeRnpcoeyrpto(rLUtaSbNEooPr.aAt6o)0.r0y/1.497893/.02M0.etChoindcsinfnoartic,hOemHi,cal 1423. TPcFyirhkaoonstmeeidlca,etsiJ.,o.E,nRCP.A;AogToepRunececrkpy,e,orCrO,t.,Wf;NfiF.co;se.cWh4oe4ofn0oWr/d4o,-ae8Mtd5eer-.r0,R0189Ae8.g;1uW.GlaAaotsniyhoeinenrsx,gptaMoonns.d;u, rPSDeet.arCanwn.d:adakErr,dnisJsvk..i;rPaSoBsncsom8ew5ses-,n2mt2Kae0.ln;5t72fo. r 1424. &MoSroenl,s.F.M.M. 1983. Principles of Aquatic Chemistry. New York: John Wiley
CYANIDE
56-29
1425. sAFougillelsne.rcE,y,PWAM.HuR.nei1cp9iop7ra8tl. 6EI0nn0vv/e2isr-to7ign8am-t1ie5on8ntaColifnRlcaeinnsednafaritlcil,hlOeLaHcahb: aoErteantvopirroyoll.numtaennttaalttPenroutaetciotinonby
1426. oKCvooentrlsikua,lqtaSun.eBtos.u;sBLuseorbleueadtuieo,vnNas,.ewGZ.hNYo.Prr1ki9k:7laP4d.lenEnoquiumKilihbPirnuiibuilmi4s7hp:i4nr4ge-s4sCu4or6.e)s(EonfgHlisChNtraanndslaNtiHon by
1436. Inorganic chemicals manufacturing point source category. 40CFR415.
1439. Battery manufacturing point source category. 40CFR461.
1440. Coil coating point source category. 40CFR465.
1441. Aluminum forming point source category. 40CFR467.
1442. Photographic point source category. 40CFR459.
1443. 4N0oCnF-fRer4r7o1u.s metals forming and metal powders point source category.
1444. Metal finishing point source category. 40CFR433.
1445. Pharmaceutical manufacturing point source category. 40CFR439.
1446. Electroplating point source category. 40CFR413.
1447. Pesticide chemicals point source category. 40CFR455.
1448. Hydrogen cyanide; tolerances for residues. 40CFR180.30.
1456. VPhicakr,mJa.cAo.d; yFnr.o2e7h3li:c3h1,4-H3.2L2.. 1985. Studies of cyanide poisoning. Arch. Int.
1604. MOucGelreattwe-,HRil.lP.B; oKoikngC, oJ..,AN. e1w97Y7.oCrkh,emNYic.al Week Pesticide Register.
1617. TtNFh.ae;erwrCuarhpZo,tewaaHkelae.,;nDodPf.:i,chkUeeednarsivi.vn,yegPr,msriWoetycta..FloN.fio.1AZn9.us7k9Sb.leyamTncdhilna,e.yDseTfeirfpneaaccsrteetdmoEifmleenpmetHn.otsHaf.nCeAdaoglcmtghoemm,tt2up,nnlJedi.tx;.y, KfAHojrueemklalllsaattthnrio.oden,mo,n
1618. 3cFy0ra3an-n3ikd0,e4S.i.oNn.;inBaarqdu, eAouJs. s1o9l7u7t.ioHnsetaertoTgei0n2eopuoswdpehro.toJc. aAtamly.tiCchoexmid.aStioocn. 9o9f:
56-30 CYANIDE 1619. saRunabdesftr,reaSlta.eFte.a;dnCdchopmahrpaycoskiuclnaisdl,srWeinm.Goa.ve;raKolbeWiscsaicmtkeir,crNRoLbeAsia..l;1sW1y:sat4re7dm7,s-C4-8.H31..ch19em77i.caFlarteeaoctfiocnyawniidthe 1620. BACACiashmosreleedrosrrwgsiymciechalaleon,nllmRtSd:eoe.DsSgc,ri.ee;avKtdeyP.anLutft.rio;hodrnyCS,ToyoRermfsa.t;picilonosB,smgaiWuhpamnlnJee,d.xr;A,MiMrSRoaTc.ntCDMerc.o,iyanSealadTsnl.sidMd.,,eAsD85q.iBn4u,.a;ntRaiSct.puDTlri.anolPtxehiarcqi,olualRoda.gteCiylcp.has1inya9sd:8te5Hm. asz.ard 1621. CPaadnm. Ja.jaM, Gic.r;oBbiaolla.g3o1p:a6l,6C3-.66199.85. Cyanide degradation by Rhizopus orvzae. 1622. cSohnivtainruamouasnly, Nfe.;dPaaerrhoabdic, Nsy.Mste.m1.9J8.4.EBnvioirdoeng.raBdiaotli.o5n:2o7f3-c2y8a4n.ide in a 1623. ETAPorPSowA.tiel1clR,9tie7Iop_8n.oRrRA;tegDNvernioeuc.wryyE,,oPHJfA.eSt-ah.6;let0hW0e/nE1hv-ift7ifrfe8ioec-n0ltdsm2,7Re.Bne.CtsLaei.lna;creLicfnfhenewcaLittssai,,boEOofr.hBapit.oo;o:lrlGuyU.taa.lSyn.atsnE:,nVEv..iLrCo.;nymaHneaindmteamsl..ons, 1675. C3U5yi:ta9tni2,i1dR-e9J-2i.n5;.dRuacejpdupt,arAkHin.s;onAissmhe:nahucrlsint,icEo.pMat.;hoRloogzidcilsrkepy,orBt.. N19e8u5r.ology 1676. sDkrinin.kJe.r,InPd.. 1H9y3g2.. 1H4y:d1-r2o.cy(Aansicciatecdidingas16p8o3i)soning by absorption through the 1677. Mthruolluegrh-Htehses,skBi.n.1]94M2u. e[rIcnhto. xMiceadti.onWcoacuhseesdchbry, 8a9b:s4o9r2p.ti(oAnsocfithedydirnoc1y6a8n3ic) acid 1680. 8L6e:s1s9e4ll-,2S04. .1971. Experimental cyanide optic neuropathy. Arch. Ophthal. 1682. Jnoehurnostoonx,icJi.tDy:.;RMoleeiseonfhneeimureorn,aTl.cLa.;lcIiusomm. ,TGox.Eic,ol1.9A86p.pCl.yPahnaidrem-iancdoul.ce8d4:464-469. 1683. fcNoyaratniaoidnreaeclsoaImlntssm.tietDunHtdeeEdfWors.taOPncudcbaurl.pdaNt-iooO.nc(aNcluISpOaaSfteiHotyn)aa7ln7ed-x1pH0o8e.saulrthe t(oNIhOydSrHog)e1n97cy6.anCidrietearniad 1684. edHfoafgeyscmtesaxkopefors,ceyWdan.t;iodGeciynpazonliesidore,nAicnMogm.;-pFoaeurnsgtduusds.oyMno,iflR. tS.hLuergc1.e9n51t21r.1a:Rl2ne3s1eir-d2vu4oa6ul.sn(sAeyusstrecomipteadothfoin2lo3g1i6c8a3l)
CYANIDE
56-31
1686. cKuiCnapoCuol1slNni6inn8s-tg3,h)etJah.;pecelMicrnliaiipncihtailcelaarnaaldnlp,dmicHetoxu.tSpro.eerr1oni9mfe0ue8arn.cotuDantlieessce.poaoJnsl.etiroNimobefuyretvtihl.oietnMisp:teronitmhttehaDreryietssom.ux3loit5cto:oe4rff1fn7pe-eco4uti2ssr,6ooo.nnfi(enAsKgsCbcNyited
1687. Ptuemrroyr, LgrHo.w1th93i5n. rTahtse. Aefmfe.ctJ.oCf apnrcoelron2g5e:d59c2y-a5n98id.e(Atrseactimteedntinon16b8o3d) y and
1688. EPcUrBn.iStv8e.i1rrEi-oa1nn1mfv7oi4rer8onc3ntya.malnePnidrteaoslt.ePcEtriPootAnecARtigoeenpnocArytg,eNOnocf.yfi4c(e4U0oS/5fE-W8P0Aa-0t)e3r71.9R8We0g.auAslhamitnibogitneonsnt,awnDda.CtSe.rt:anqUdu.Saarl.idtys.
1689. vPHeherarartbtmirneagicc,ohlGu. n.T,goextaikcauol.tl.1t1o97x6:i02c.7h.[eUr(Andtsoesrcesinutecdvhouinnngn1ea6nt8r8uiu)bmercydaime ifdolagnenhuenindeern.c]hArocntais.hen
1690. AfemedeirnigcasntoCdyaongsa.mCidenCtroa.l 1M95e9d.. RDeeppotrt(oAns scoitdeiduminc1y6a8n8id)e: 30-day repeated
1691. Sh1ya6dt8o3r,o)gTe.;nFcuykaynaidmea,inTa.;irY. aBmulal.daIn, sMt..P1u9b5l5ic. THheealtahllo(wTaobklyeo)co4n:c3e-5n.tr(aAtisoncitoefd in
1692. WPhaalrtmona,coDl..CE.;xpW. iTthheerrs.p2o6o:n3,15M-3.2G4.. 1(9A2s6.ciStekdininab1s6o8rp3)tion of certain gases. J.
1693. SWcuhtwheriizchM, Fed. 1W95o4c.h[eCnhscrhornic84c:y1a0n5i-d1e07p.o(iAsosncinitgedasinin1d6u8s3tr)ial intoxicant.]
1694. TNHha.EirodJcy.yM,aHn. a.2Lt4e.;2e:J9fef6fe8fcr-t9ie7fs2o,.llWo(Aw.Misn.cg;itWienddausisnsetrr1ima6la8n3cy), aMni.dMe.;exWpaodsudreell,--Wr.eRp.or1t9o50f.two cases.
1695. tWheexelelerc,tJr.o; Wcarhdititoegnrbaemrgoerf,mJa.Ln..; ADmum. Hkee,arPt.RJ.. 3149:5176.3T-1h8e3.ef(fAesctciotefdcyianni1d4e23o)n
1696. lFEaalbGnoehrsaa,twoRra.ybi1s,t9Su7d.5Hy...;CBGhrr.aoaJnf.aicIrn,cdyM.anM.Aide;ed.Eelx3-p2S:oa2sh1ua5rr-et2:i1, 9AA. Acli;niAcahl,mreadd,ioSi.sHo.t;opMe,alaanshd, K.K.;
1704. MCoamrtpellle,xAes,Ean.;dSVmoitl.h,5,RF.Mirs.t1S9u7p6.plCemriteincat.l NSteawbilYityorCk:onPslteannutms VPorle.ss4., Inorganic
56-32 CYANIDE
1777. 5F0e:d3e0r7a8l4R. egister 1985. Water quality criteria; availability of documents.
1781. hHyodwraorgde,nJc.Mya.n;idHea.nJz.aAl,rRg..FF.o1o9d55C.hCehmr.o3n:i3c2t5o.xi(cAitsycfiotredraints 1o6f8f8o)od treated with
1782. DiPnhodahurecmretdayc,obPly..Ai6n4;f:u4Fs5ie6or-nm46o,4fV. s.(oHAd.s;iuScmimtecidtyha,innRid1.eP1.)in19t8h2e. gCooldnegnenhitaaml smtearl.foTromxaictoioln. sAppl.
1783. ASacntad.beMrge,d.CS.Gca.n1d9.671.81A:23c3a-s2e3o6.f (cAhrsocniitcedpoiniso1n6i8n3g) with potassium cyanide?
1784. ZReauetsrtraulbpl. 1G92e6w.er[Obenhycgu.ta3n:e1o0u3-s10d6a.m(aAgse cciatuedsedinb1y68p3o)tassium cyanide.]
1786. IiKnnrteneureatolcnetrai,otanPls.Aaon;fdVparadortubelaitnnroadvte,sf.iVcA.i;emnG.cyoJ,o. dcCymlaiannn.id,NeWuat.rn;.dC3lt1ah:y2ioa8,c2yG-a2.n8;a9St.etaonnbutrhyy,rJo.iBd. f1u9n7c8ti.on
1787. lTPinaoldxmaicneorel,ougApy.Ko1n.0;:r4Ce5po*rz5oe4nd.us,ctDiv.eD.f;unScptiicoenr,inEJa.F3.-;geWnoerradteino,nAstNud.y19in78raEtsf.fe1c7t8s7of
1793. 3P7r3opFoisnaall.fo4r JaulCyo1u9n8c5i.l Directive on the Dumping of Waste at Sea. Com (85)
1794. JCuonuenc2i4l,D1i9r8e2c.tiv8e2/5o0n1/MEEajCor. OAcffciicdiaelntJoHuarznaarldNs oo.fLCe2r3t0a/i1n. Industrial Activities.
1799. pMGoreiasdho.anm1in3,g7D:1c.o0Lm5.1;p-L1li0ca5am5tea.dn(,AbDsy.;claitTcethdiceoinadcoi1dr4eo2,s3iJs).;anRdubpiunl,mEonDa.ry19e7d7e.mAac. uAtercchy.aInnitdeern.
3005. GEAGxCoopvvGoeersrIunnHrmmeReenInenttcaadollimcIIemnnsddefuunossrdttrra1iitaa9illo8nH8Hs-y1yfg9ogi8rei9en.n1isi9st8Csts.8i,n-1cT19i9hn88rn98ea..stAhi,omlOdehrLiiocia:mnAitCmVoeanrlifuceaernsenaCcneodnofBfeiroelnogceicaolf
3072.
dcCByioaetdnothtecoynexlrndiceiRtirth,eyis,oD.cD.4aL6rNb;:A2aD7m4cea5rdt-ooe2sn7so-5,ln0iPn.k.cCiisn.;-gd,Kiaaemnndmg,ignPae.mCdim.c;haBl-ogorlruoctphal,maRtyinl.Fut.mra1(n9IsI8p)6-e.inpEdtifudfcaeescdet
of inhibition.
3075. oBfonhsyadllr,ogJe.Ln c1y9a8n4i.deS.urHvuivmal. wToitxhiocuolt. s3e:q5u7-e6la0e. following exposure to 500 mg/m3
CYANIDE
56-33
3082. 3B:r5i2g1h-t5, 2J2.;. Mam, T.C. 1984. Toxicology of inhaled HCN. Hum. Toxicol. 3097. QC12au/l8aif8loi.tryniSataSntdaatredWs AatdeorpRteedsoiunrtocesthCeoRnetrgoiolnBaolaWrdat1e9r88Q.uTaalibtylesCoonftWroal tPerlans, 3100. sWCuabarmvlie,islBli3.m;(3eM)t:e3ern8e5cam-3ri9asg4sil.ioan, sFp.;ecBtrounmettoi,fAth. e19st8r2a.toNsepwheraes.sigInnLmeJn. tIsnfirnarthede Millimeter 3112. TSteaxnadsaSrdusr,faecffeecWtiavteer4/Q29u/aSl8it.yCShtaapntdearrd3s071.198-390.7T.1e0x.as Surface Water Quality 3115. Anonymous 1986. Control limit for cyanide. Chemistry in Britain, p 787. 3116. Anonymous 1988. Block cyanide, save lives. Chemistry in Britain 24(11):1090. 3117. Anonymous 1989. Antidote doubts. Chemistry in Britain 25(2):119. 3129. cCyiacneridoene(,HRCJN.;).ZJe.llGneero,phRy.s.19R8e3s..T8h8e(Ca1tm5)o:1s0p6h8e9ri-c10c6h9e6m. istry of hydrogen 3132. sCtroaffteoys,phMer.Tic.;hMydarnokgienn, Wcy.aGn.i;deC. iScecrieonncee, R21J4.(41591881).:3S3p3e-c3t3r5o.scopic detection of 3137. oCfonPnuebclitcicuDtriWnkaitnegr WQuaatelirtySeSctatinodnar1d9s-1139-8B51.0C2,on1n2/e2c4t/i8c5u.t Standards for Quality 3151. oDfavtoex,icY.cIy.;anOidzae,wKa.sTt.e;. PCuhreamni.k,ASge.AIn1d9ia853. 6H(8a)z:a7r7d5-p7r7e7v.ention: biodegradation 3158. otDetsehteiFnrlgoSrwaali,mthSo.n;TeCAlla9ar7astoarinardainnsTo.,AMA1u0;t2aZLoafnR3aec0sc.hD3iN,4:AP1.-;5d9Ba-1me6na5ng.iicnegllic,oCm.p1o9u8n4d.sM, nuetgaagteinvieciwtyith 3159. GaDneednFoinltooraxai,cbaSac.c;tteiZrviaiatnylaDacncNhdAi,p-Proe.t;penaCciarymtoeofsitr.1a3nM5o,uctoAamt;pRBoeeunsn.ndi1sc3ei3lnl:i1,t6hC1e-.;1A9B8ma.desolarteiv,eGrs.iSo.n1t9e8s4t. 3160. e5SDv8cea(r8peL)eo:nre1aei8nut5igwo2n,-oI/fJp8.y5War7no..t;lhyDrsoisepogLgaeseenrcih,crEco.omWma.ptBoo.g;urnaDdpashmyin-smtepa,osJlsl.Sus.tpSee.d;ctSsreocdhmiumeytler,nyP.tsJA.aWnnad.l,.sC1o9ihl8se6m,by. flash
56-34 CYANIDE 3165. 3tDh4ee:g1rm7a0oe-1vu7ese4, .Nby.; aMnoourtgscahneonp,hoJ.sp1h9o8r4u.sGinenseecttiicciadned: Mcyatloagtehnioenti.cJe.fEfencvtsiroinnd. uRceeds. in 3180. o5D1fe:pH4a2ar1zt7am7r,ednoatundsofS1uT9b8r7sat,nas5np2co:e4rs8ta2at5nio.dn4R91e9Cp8oF6r.RtaH1b7al2ze.a1Qr0d1uoauAnsptiMptieeanst.deriFxiaedAls..TRreagnisspt.or1t9a8t6io,n, List 3213. cBBluuearreenaauuup ootaffrWWgeaattteecrronPPcrreoonttteerccatttiiiooonnn,s,169/f68in/88a.8lF.8in8a0l608680t6a0b7leGorfocuhnedmwiactaelrrceofenrteanmciensan(Wt Q). 3220. 8F/l3o0r/i8d8a. WFlaotreirdaQWuaalitteyr SQtaunadliatyrdSsta1n9d8a8r.dFslo1r7id.-a3.Water Quality Standards 17.-3, 3226. cdFyeravankeoleogsp,enmRic.eAng.t;lyFSchuoasnirddmaemsa,.aRnAd.Ppp.p;lr.WoTteiolilnxhiicctoeol,n. Ct7e.:nC1t9.;1in-G1o9ca8ms.seazv,aGd.ie1t9s86o.nEhfafemcstteorf prenatal 3242. cIGnyeatrenrriynd,aetR.ioI.Tnn:.a;lC.Ghaermniectat,l AE.c;oTnosumcihcisyaH, aKn.db19o8o5k., CMEeHnloprPoadrukc,tCrAev:ieSwR:Ihydrogen 3321. IClliTnooixsicWs CatoenrtrQoulaPlirtoygrSatamnd(aWrdaste1r9Q89u.aIlliltiynoSitsanPdraorpdoss)e,d2/R9/e8v9i.sions to Subtitle 3322. IPBlrolioantroedics,tiP1o2on/l,1lu/S8tu2iob.ntitCleonFt:rPolubBloicarWd a1t9e8r2S. uIpllipnloieiss CThitalept3e5r: 1EnPvoilrluotnimonenCtaolntrol 3326. IaonwdaCWhaaptteerrQ61u,alWityatSetranQduaardlisty1S9t8a8n.dIaorwdsa IPorwoapoAseddmiRneisvtirsaiotinvetoCoCdhea,p1te0r/196/088. 3327. ITSotiawtlnead-DaWredafsitn,eri1ti2Qo/3nu/sa8-l6iF.tyoIorSwmtaasn-dRTaiurtlldeessIo1V9f,8P6Cr.haIacoptwitceaer,T6ai0nt,lde6C1IV.ha, pCtehrap6t1e,rW60a,teSrcoQpuealoitfy 3384. oKfusphrio,teAi.n; pMyartosluyzmaotet.o,ATg,r;icY. oBsihoild.aC, hDe.m1.94873:.1M97u9t-a19g8en2. from the gaseous phase 3441. AMAmrDacsnNeA.naaAm0lb;2a8errra5ed,0p1eoBe.r.nPt .nPo1r,9o7vE6inB.g-ETGsRtri-mo7u6ant0ed2s,3.oMfADtvh:aeiDlatebopxlaeicrifttrmyomeonftDhoTyfdICrtho,ceyAAalnerximcayna,dcrEidida,vgaeVpwAoor;osdin
CYANIDE
56-35
3451. LMiminintsesfootra DWriantkerinQg uWalaittyerSCtaonndtaarmdsina19n8ts8.RMelienanseesoNtao.R2e,cNomovmemenbdeerd. Allowable
3452. aMnidnnCersiotetariaWfaotrerToQxuicalSituybSsttaanndceasr,dsPr1o9v8is8i.onMailnDneastoataSuWbjaetcetrtQo uCahliatyngSet,an1d1a/8r8d.s
3482. rDcaNeynaHcadtonEimoiWdWnmeaellesf(naaNIldrntIeessO.tdi(StWNusHttaaae)CsnhfdNpoianu,rrgbdKtOloiCc.cn.a.cN,tuoi,DopcnaCacnut:nidpooUan.Cta.Si7alo.7(nSC-DaaNl1efe0pe)ti8xay).p.rtaoDmnseudeprnHaetrettoaomfltehEhnydtd1uro9co7fag6teHi.noeCnacrlyaittahnen,driidEaWedfueoalcrnfaadatrieo;n
3500. ANmewbiYenotrkWWatearteQr uQauliatlyityStSantadnadradrsdasnadndGuGiduaidnacneceVaVluaelus,es4/119/8877.. New York
3512. WNoarttehr DQaukaolittay SfotratSetaDteepoarftNmoerntthoDfaHkeoatalt,ham19e8n5d.eRduelfefe3c3t-i1v6e-032/1,/8S5ta.ndards of
3536. rOelpursoi,duS.cOti.o;nOakned, One.Lon.;aOtadl udseovteel,oApme1n9t79i.nErfaftesc.tBs ioolf. cNyaenonogaetenic36a:g2e3n3-t2s4o3n.
3539. rOuclce.upFaetdio. nRaelgSisatf.et5y4:a2n3d32H. ealth Administration 1989. Air contaminants: final
3596. SaRttimonksolesaspn,hdGe,r.CiMcP.h.;y1d9S8rmo2g.iteGhn,rcoMyua.nAndiH-dbe.a;.sJeR.dinGisnelfaornpadhr,eydsP..sLRp.e;ecsGt.ro8ol7sd(cmCop1ai3nc),:m1A1e;1a1sBu9rr-a1eu1ml1te,2n5Jt..sWo.;f
3605. oRfudneurttr,itiCo.nPa.;l Lmeywoipsa,tAhyRin. 1la9m78b.s.ERffhecotdeosfiapnotJa.ssAiugmricc. yRanesid. e16o:n10t9h-e11o6c.currence
3668. ACSocolanodnme,moEni.csEo.Pn;r,KeLsns.,Pow.Nl1ee9ws8, 1YC. oJCr.;yka,Wnpiedpse.tl1ea1ys-,2aJ8..m; Wetaisbsoinligc, iFn.h,ibeditso.r,.CIyna:nVideennineslBainodlo,gBy..;
3671. SStoauntdharDdas,ko2t/a89G. Sroouunthd-DWaaktoertaQCuhaaliptyteSrt7a4n:d0a3r:d1s5 1989. Ground-Water Quality
3682. VCSthearatmeptooenrftV1G2e.rromuonndt WGraoteurndPrWotaetcetrioPnrRotuecletioanndRSutlreataengdy, Setfrfaetcetgivye199/8289./8S8t.ate of
3683. dSotactuemWenattaetrioPnr.oDgreacmems bTeerlep19h8o8nethSrouurvgehyF1e9b8r9u.aPryer1s9o8n9a.l communication and
56-36 CYANIDE 3708. NThoveeNmebwerY1o2r:k12T(icmoelss.. 119&86a2.).Polluter faces U.S. fine at Massachusetts port. 3709. TNhoveeNmebwerY2o0r:k1T7i(mcoesls.. 139-856).b. 17 Michigan concerns to pay big pollution fines. 3736. cSUyt.aaSnn.didEaernsdv.sirWDonaivmsihseiinnogntat;olnEP,PrDoAtCerc:etpiOoonfrftiAcnegoeo.nfEcRyPeA1g9u84l0a4.t0i/Ao5n-m8s0ba-i0ne3nd7tS.wtaantedrarqdusa, lCityritcerriitaeraiandfor 3739. UcWnyo.aaS.ns.EhidEiPnenA.gvt/Cio5rni4on0,nc/mDi1n-Cen8na:6tt/aiO0,l0fO1Pfi.rHcoPe:tBeoEc8ftn6iSvo4oin3rlio4dAn2gm8We8en.ancstytael1aC9n8rd4it.eErHimaeeaarlntghdeneAcfyfsesRecstesssmpaeosnsnetssesO;mfEefinPcteA;forreport 3742. hU19e.aS8l9.t)hE. navdivriosnormyetnatballe.PrOoftfeiccteioonf ADgreinnkciyng19W89a.teDrr,inWkainshginwgattoenr, sDtaCnd. a(rMdsayan5d, 3744. IOUn.ffSfoi.rcmeE,naCvtiiiornnocninSmnyesatnteit,malO. PHOr.noltiencetiofinle.AUge.Sn.cyEn1v9i8r9o.nImReInSt.alInCtergitreartieadanRdiskAssessment 3749. AUd.Sv.isEonriveisr.oOnmffeicnetaolfPDrortinecktiinognWAagteenrc.yW1a9s8h7i.nDgtroinn,kiDn.gCW. Faetedr. RHeegailstht. 52:34294. 3751. USUtn.aSdn.deErarn1dv9si8rDo6niAvmimseinoetnna,dlmUP.erSno.ttseEctPtoiAont,hJeAugSneaenfec5y,D11r99i8n87k7..inFDgarcWitnkaSithneergeAtWcat.teCrrRiteergiualaatniodns 3763. Uf1o9.rS86.e,xEi5sn1tvi:ni2rg0o4na2mn9d,enantneadwl P1s9ro8ou8tre,cce5tsi3o:on4f0A5p6go2ell.nu4ctyi0on1C:9F86R65.4t0Go3xeniAceprppaolellnpudrtaiexntrtBesa.. tFmeedn.tRreeggiuslta.tions 3764. Uha.Sza.rEdnouvsirosunbmsetanntaclesP. rFoetedc.tRionegAisgte5n1cy41594876,.4R0epCoFrRta1b1le73q.uantities of 3765. hUa.Sza.rEdonuvsirownamsteen. tFaledP.rRoteegctisiotn51A:g3e7n72cy9. 149086C. FBRa2si6s1foArplpisetnindgixaVwOa.ste as a 3766. (aUCn.SdE.RnEContLivfAiirc)oa.ntimonenotfalhPazraortdecotuiosnsuAbgsteannccyes1.9F8e6d. ,DReseigginsatti5o1n:,34r5ep34o.rt4a0blCe FqRua3n0t2i.t4s,
CYANIDE
56-37
3774. 5hU2a.:Sz2a.8rE6d9no8uv.sir4ow0namCsteeFnsR:ta2hl6a1Pz.ar3ro2dt.eocutsiownaAstgeesnfcryom19s8p7e.cIifdiecnstoifuicracteiso.nFaendd. Rliestgiinsgt. of
3775. gUDrC.oSu.nEdn-wviartoenrmmeonntaitloPrirnogt.ecFteiodn. RAeggeinsLcy5129:28579. 4L2i.st40ofChFaRza2r6d4ouasndco2n7s0titAupenptesndfoixr
3777.
ssCUtyaF.nSnRt.dh4aEe1rtn4idcv.si,frioabnnedmrsencneatwatelgsPooruryor:tceeEctfpifoelurnfeonArtgmelianmncciytea1tsi9toa8nn7sd. agOrudridgs.aenlFiinecedsc.,hRepmergeiitcsraLelas,5tm2p:el4an2st5ti2c2s,.
and 40
3783. AhUap.Szpa.erEnddnouivxsirVownIaImsIt.eens:taHl aPzraortdeocutisoncoAnsgteintuceynt1s9.8F8.edI.deRnetgifiiscta.t5io3n:1a3n38d8.lis4t0ingCFoRf 261
3784. whUaa.Szsa.terEdnonuuvmsirbownearmsst.eensF:teaddli.sPcRraeorgtdeiescdLtioc5no3m:A1m3g3ee8rnc4ci.ya4l10c9h8Ce8Fm.RiIc2da6el1nJpt3irf3oic.dautciotsnaannddtlhisetiirnghaozfardous
3786. tRUhe.iSrgd.isELscnh5ve3ird:3ou1nle1md3e8nw-3taa1sl2te2Ps2r:.oWt4e0catsCitoeFnRsAp2e6gc8ein.f3icc2y.p1r9o8h8ib. iLtiaonnds-CdaisUpfoosmaliarelsistrticwtaiosntess.foFredfi.rst
3787. UCCo.FSmR. m3E7un2nvii(trSyoAnrmRigAehnt-tTtaoil-tklPenromowte.cStFeioecdnti.oARngee3gn1is3cLy). 5139:8485.0T0oaxnicdcrheevmisiecdal1r9e8l8e,a5se3:r2e3p1o0r8t.in4g0:
3795. CsUeF.cSoR.n2Ed6n8tv.hiirrodnmscehnetdaullePdrowteacsttieosn. PArgoepnocsyed19r8u9le..LFaendd. dRisepgoissta.l5r4e:s1t0r5ic6t.io4n0s for
3813. 36bV6.yeM:t1ttih3ose7rc-ae1Jlzl8oza4iinn,.etGoFu.As1O9p7e/7Ws.tiHcSitOdaetseexuopsfeerdtht eicnoamartgmroiicftuttelhteueroetnoaxpnicedostlpoicugiibdcleaiclreehvseiaadlluutheas.t.iRonescidarureieRdeovu.t
3829. VCWeyanaynn,iedJs.elLai.nnd1,9B8Bio1.l.;oPgCyho.anrAnm,caaEcd.oeElmo.;giciKcPnarosewpselsec,stN,s CeowfJ,c;YyWoarnkeids,telpepayn., d2J.9;i-t4sW9a.insstianggo,nFis.me.dsI.n,:
3840. WWiissccoonnssiinn AAddmmiinniissttrraattiivvee CCooddee CChhaapptteerr N19R8184. 0G.1r0o.undwater Quality Standards
3842. WWaistceornQsinuaWlityateCrriQteuraialitfyorCTriotexriciaS1u9b8s9t.anWceiss,co2n/8si9n. WChisacpotnersinN,RC1h0a5p,tSerurNfaRc1e05.
56-38 CYANIDE
3990. tO1o4wx4ia:c1is1b,9uW-t12n.5oM.n.-;mJuatnaagkeanti,cSm.;eHtaubnoaliittie, iAn. S1a9l8m5o.nAelcltaivTatvipohnimouf rsioudmiu.mMucytaatn.idReest.o a 3991. APC19ado8cumk8n.aicngOiiilsnJtDgra1irat6ien.v7cde8ti8LPv,eraNoboveonil.sliitnoIh_ngesoAoffpDptahronexgMiemreoamutisbonePrrsoefpRatehrlaaettiiLonangwsts(o.8R8th/e3eg7u9Cl/alEatEisosCinf)sic.aa7tnidoJnu,ne
DDT SCYONMOMNOYNMS: Dp1i2ptcdr,,hhD1pie-cle,n'ob1Thn-re-Dilysuoo)l(brDbi)pcoeiesh-Ttenc(btl4zhboa-erylnonolere-o)
CNAI5KO0SJ-S32RH392E-35NG0O0N0:O.: CFO,,RHM,aU5LA: STRUCTURE:
H
O-i-O C-CI,
57-1
AFAIRCTWO/RV CatO2N5VCER(1S2IO) N 01.40.658m9 gp/pmm3 11 mppgm/m; 3. M3O5L4.E50CULAR WEIGHT:
REACTIVITY
wogcooRmfmaaDtalharergcnnaheaeDgunteeomeayriiaanselvtTccctelnmhrtsekgaitosaocieipea,tciamoestrushnltbi,nl.oiroappeoenlcrsocnneFmreosoeeresraousongeoatternanfsoawnrenxaindirosdtgihdrtieddhantrteeaoshiheliegnres.ldtisaoexhenmeaectrdgpreosc,mRloeeealerordnotnitclemimnaounsosaaohclxciiceemprctsodyooiiesngtacndnme,mmdilattorirgsaigknapeoponbolazeiaadapnaslcrsonetmgetlgeiawyitdsrebsabclweouon/u,iinotleoltxliteamimbhvtifarstichildnyoeswdipfton,edlmeiyaviocxsaurtscpl,leueihafmkaediihstntscrrsahei,ytsaatsdezlr(rpteaiilslzi2sirfonolnaii.ai,yi3ocnnngetcgla,nhsgaecrTlaomgyn5mtlewynitohod4saoahoidrxuior,tnngttexiealsehede5mtritdezrrdpno1iiizaciacnixua1ewnoziylhgielrnr)reacsin.esapahggtrn,mhetcosaboeiesisndayridibaecutieshsylacmsk,e.l,laa,ylti,
CPHHDEYAMSTIICCAOA-L
VSASVSBFDFFOPCOauollhiroauedodaastlre3myn(ipp(utdcolsmolfaaeoo.sshiooorab.r4gintztiinm:swcrcit0g/eCgilTmaPye22Etni/daPlt:yoM00ohObi3PyeC-T:rntirS0rlnoiCdeC(eeoeee0io3taistnlno,sal)n)(.Nn:tsto9haLrstutmireioWl8Pto:n2iTroe:lmC0lg0oees2ndedaA0/:ssioi20mL::nttaCsSim6esrotttop:Cr)0a:ot:(r0Nbl:o.a.1i):0.ud0t.3soN0251ssl,.35i9l20.t0oNg.id90icC159E8gbh0aroQ.h0d-ltpy5t0Ce00ltaaEs0py0d7t)tmos-EaaagC0oaftl/m-3fllram0ii-omdnw3LtmeohaHiottrgeic
((((11152292)))) ((((55619902))))
(12) (1219) (67)
57-2 CPHH(DECYAMoSnTIItCCA.)OAL
DDT
SLHBoioe6oiatgnlr3ctromoA6(yunO'dts-c)mcs.,otLVaFr1anpma.w1o.eoEltC-ClW+ono(0aena5ftstf3te.2.:(.r:5e8sPE3Ct2ai.+.m)0r80t20)i4EtEio+-(0rn0a55iCnobeofwf.):
((22114672)) (2146) (2001,659)
PINESWRYTSAHSITTSETEEEMSRONICLE-
sDppoarDiotlh/pTgwerraoitsyuienefsxdr.op-wmeVcaottaeelqadrutisatlyoitzsiactbetesmioynrsdetelmuametaisvytebobluyeittsiamisnsmtmrioomubncpighloerssotilanronpwtttheiolreonsisn putsmoornaiedlyDdse.orDbmeTTaiernimrdaaonenpbgstoilrcroaftcadacatoanetntitoi.pdonrnitBoioociinfoendsssssoe.ogriibrnlPsaehdsdeooaxtiDtlpoisolo,DynssbTeiudsistwcteoaioxtcnhpcsuueascrnlostslieoilgdsphlcooattw.onrtltyibrcielbeusthtee
PEAXTPHOOWSFUARYES
Tsgfdsnrooroohoimomtlem/ugelenpirsksdoritoneiiumiclwslnytaaadaorttnn-royewcirmbeoapsidcata.oecrltasrhuicnwrmsckyuaiiasnnymytgeoummbwlfeaoactsiitisotomennrtspchitseobeuurryanptmatpainifoqlgritnureosaseam.,txtiipoactUnolhtospheurotogrfauaekDgnehpiDsabmttTyhhsiwcstoroarioyspssin
DDT HHEDAAAZLATTARHD
57-3
vmfoSDao5ficaDgm4eelniaT;xistipsitnaierosn,gesm,duohrfieorSearmrydsiim,tnoaaadccpthlipetuoorepndmasr,eteosechpfooeaantnfcrhvsueSeiustohetlenhsoyi,terooestdns-xiatisizec,azriontpimynfdaerttsHsheoksse,uiinmsmct.ooaoannnfnfg.utuEhseSeix,oypnmhloi,apspnustdroaesmn,: ds
Acute Toxicitv Studies:
LLLLLOLDDDDDDRmjjjjjAoooooL22111850:355700500 mmmmmmgggggg//////kkkkkkgggggg
RMRMMRaaaoootttuuu(((sss343eee755((0)(033344555))000444)))
LSLLKDDDIjjjooNo:11390030010 mmmggg///kkkggg
GRRaaubtinb(ei4ta7()p3i5g04(3)504)
LPGCINEAroaPTeeRnrnAPeceoCni-tnTao--o-nxegcriseNGGecvmuvniorr/tfiNioovdfnciEuueiecetDnppoifyefancaen2BseCtactsaBtt2lisi:eaegn:vsn((DsppiCehidrofdaLuoieostcimnnasbvai:fceaatblirebinlocylFsntaie)ni:ecnntahdeoarutncdkmoiiamixndatioacnang.lesecynnaaoirdnctcadimtntoeioanrgheaaeetudnome;eqeaunnaisct)e
PRHEACNA(D5U4L)TINIOGNS
oscfbrarHriuoeereprlastqspnepCACepppnauptarhipiiordtilr,rrnhrioepnlaaaeueemiilrcttdtnnomouoooe-cnicgurrsnpcaelhguasitrnawwewrerlditpmdaaDiiisirgpttttntoihhheeiosaocgowskgrarpncffoiaglpuunlismrstorlellouuegalltsocosnasphttofffdonilpiaaicynnreifl1cicctigdw0eeaeoto1ehvdppcpria0matte-iienh-r.eeapro1rgdeccieota0rs/eeahmrpt0gideersilo3cerrdeom:raaqspvcprtp1guireshotnio/0oeasrrrmeb0lsitasmfpdiet-a3t-to5r:gocmbiivev0ceorsipseelae0uniswnoreltputypetrmtaipcriivtrinlaelhogsneeairge/esfnetmdtlsddidrtfoeuetu--3ihymndac:rrsbeeoeigetTarrspneneeyocmetaodrpaaton,eithmndetiaedeCnicdsgtt
57-4 DDT
ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCRCITUEPRAITAIONAL STANDARDS AND
AIR EXPOSURE LIMITS: StanOAdFSaOrHdSAsHTPWEAL ((88--fahrr):TW1 Am)g:/m13 (mskg/imn)3 (skin); STEL (15-min): 3 mg/m3 C riNNtAtreIICerOOaiGatSSeIdHHHaRITsDELaLLVHp:ot(ne3(no80t--ihdmaralitnaTh)uW:mNAaI)nO: ScaH1rcmhingao/smgre3enc.ommended that the substance be
WATER EXPOSURE LIMITS: DrNinokniengesWtabatliesrheSdtandards EPNAonHeeaelstthabAlidshviesdories and Cancer Risk Levels ADWDHhTeOa. ltDhAr-bindakasiielnydgpgWeuriadcteealrpiniGteaufcoidorendlsirunimenkp(i6tni6go6n)woatfetrwoof l1itefrigs/Lofiws arteecromwmasenasdseudmfeodr. E PAH--- uABBBmn(IImEgaaaEa/sss-bLne-e0ei0ddd,6eH5,n4o,oote.I2nnnaIEWlEnt-iiihnnn0-ag07gggtL6e(eee3r,c,sss5attt0IiiQi5noooE.)c4nnun-e2a7rooolincffftrygaicdcsn/kooLrCcnin)enr,ttirkaat0eimm.rnr2iigiis4annkwaa)n,ttagee0t/ddLe.2r,wa40oqa.nnut0egla2yr/t4Lic(a,InnoE0gdr./-0gL0a2a,5q4n,0uis.naI0mEgt0i/sc-2L04o,o6nr,0ngl.ygI0a,E/n0Li2(-sI04mE7s)n-,,0g5/4L,2, A- qFuFavaroeetrisrchaDwgLDeai.ftTeerT(a3hsn5ped5ec)citoisenscmeenttarbaotiloitness,htohueldcrnitoetrieoxnceised0.010.110u/gi/gL/Latasanay2t4im-heo.ur
- S2aFna4olyrthwtDoiaumDtreerT.avsapenredacgieiets.s mTehteabcoolnitceesn,trthaetiocnritsehroiounldisno0t.0e0x1c0eejidg/0L,1a3s jaUg/L at REFERENCE DOSES: (3744)
5E-04 mg/kg/day
DDT 57*5
REGULATORY STATUS (as of 01-MAR-89)
P roFmeudldcfl(sgsssslcad(UDCegiioiuootRtaraempmrinaoonlrDsuuitbnyaepcQttrrceidi.rrjeealeltTlmthtageuccierradan)hgoeaPceeiradtwtDesoertrioisirtRWisooygna,cotinDfattnnnhaeategdogoamae0agrsTfstgerenroetefr.augDasoe4rdigafre(tminmelloorur35oosglDanmurDsen84xsrnteAtdseeTfni0iitahtuDDfeoctrikaco2Dls)tesbaonutgebcfTD)a:pljsff,Ddhmeotpeo(Tnpaolcat(ei3lTa0einoaCrlttrrsnt4xlu.gtmeete0diW7astitmhrenstmc1cota,lreosataa3i0maneAurtaudznvt7daonaotrmaoteei)dk6ibtuepfgirxtremna4goaafdcliefprfi)ae/acllbhcfone1o.dirctltltneu0cruifcoosteenmiluts0lrccenIsueagaw0rgteoniirsadnneschasnuteanie(hyrksadnastgbt3dsuislgaeivunows7stcapgmreoatlg6nsiolsau,aamnrns7iefbstnion(da(i)ditaTfsce3coo,naeadonealee7nrsTtdri0rlsau.lnis6gidstmco.yOntff0ea8csuenaresfa0,uInl))do(lcoeset.ma18limtDbartacdtu9ha(ynitiTD31rnsnioaepsunmti5)DcgrslehgneTa.pe1hsw/asegtcD.Lat,athntthoii.roslpr3TuecariefTgxiim7onfecpdeaTifhsp6iTdtcornipechhe3otppoTlttiaeplr)riuolcheos.tOlxoatoshwrrsiiwaiumooblmises.lbengnEtui(tiumbrnat8lgiihsrtefentnEig0iafctedcgdasel5enfqnuaepdnfa)tuitllet.rod,nsuandpwiaennteanrattrneitttyeyr dSIpneearsfsimegtaniDttaertisisendwkreiiatnqhsguiharWanezdaaatrpfedorporrAuotsvhceteudni(ndUSjeDenrcdWtReiorCAngRr)ooAufnD(d2D9IT5n)*j.eccotniotanmCinogntwroalstpersogram, a wcwwAowtdciupgatfDhRnooroornnfiraiaaaveestDrnlomodtzsssaolpas41iucmatttTolicto0%peeebelnramdhuasCuwossnMdnedaeebriluetoFsna-mglceHccralpnnwutuoeaopReayoiertOidsntadnact,,ro2fTesCiwlttateCswhol6dsea1aenyulotein4irssi9iacanobtnnlnnb.s9isthln3riomtmfissiyht0tardnntni4egeneeeoeuogo3ggrorEddfrtanensvcelfoa.tePott,oHhoaaihorlaaettgnArttnaibaodhsfOEsceiylstlwnroeaeoro2etfaCidlnh(nsinaf(rng6i3titeseBadssn5ceugtht7dcatz(oen.cDewae83t3naiiawxnliannsiwn674rnidnAviapttshctd7)3readesetot.oTe5oaRrttod(hsrenea(u)At3it)aeas3n.riaEtEs7oolecuzes7stjlr8qiPnoraPdeugwf8sEg3fceacvursAusA2oaa,oatdfcpepais)rinfsngntiror.to3leeltmrrriycoiuenc7wcceteate8ehsstte8iqoqach,Aeneicwni4uvctubdsciwotec1tc)1oieeroiim.rrht9artm0ralncseele8sJd0ttopttsdstoa8BuiD0haad(neoo.n,nlRnitaeittyunDnshdimhast(nctCpnsihUCaatmoaTe8ngodtrRetro,ge0/Dgsidwskrrrnnia6Aa1tussetgeihlah(lo19atemna)lHhthaine)8iqootdninihlao-7eorOurfoecaltravn,niarlghvnqsClzeugsgltieaoetdautqrdhirhsnrsrmntroiuo)eeiaoraadlduoaudiifeenttdsoiitnnlneqenrta1huocddseddoubn0ahstedn-tri0dezasworoidwea0znetearEanereaamaqjsgtxmdtlrPeseuaeieodcatrsAgnacneutot/tliitks'uocessgsdn
57-6 DDT
wCDbAraeluaocDsptostmoTtterpbht(reiaCesseetbsErhnedleeeReadnismsqCesisguipuLvnae(eeA3anndt7t)dEei6tfdnyo6uvr)pa.(irRoRohnQCnamzt)RhaeAlreindmtcohaioutlanszoRcasefruend0sbtpo.rs4uota5asnt4nisowcenkeagsCs.utooenfmRdstteephrrpeeenoaCrsmcEathastReibmocClnoeiLcnqaatAnauls.dianniinLItntiigtatihhebDaesislDihtayaTve AJaFaDagpecDnrdptiuileTcoiarucnraalatyltunlieoIrd1vnan,elsrs1elecsc9oloat8ffimt9ocea,irmddllEetoih.dPmdeiFAicptuosiueufinrssomgiltcriiceaapoisnnrdfogce(Dede2lau2Dlfni6crnTtd8ogsm),.RcrDoeo0ngDd.0itesaE5tnirnttaaiioctnniiogdd0n.e5gDsrADaepcanpDttdmerdr((Feet8shnI8iaFyd9niuR)n.egA0s.)1Ai%ns ooff opMOaitpnhprhfcaaopytektrhshlainiiiscnecnbouaaeiwcmnltd,ehPtnuadscrmrchooaiehenrptrxemeeeicmscneiutegeciipsnxcoaptoavenlemlifworcRcoortpheonretedbngsmnfeisaorctaentoilanrhtoomrcutgehcheyioaicntnrlahaatoolsnergagsdepereaenenrrpSoesrrrac,ceeanonegmspmcsoueistnudnlupeal-ttsaoytatioruagoiirxnsneeneinsdscnttsrshdAiaafeoeanccrrsetdtsehetwdcenea(oyeroMhnla(nlact3tP-aaro0abmnmRgs9ioe)lSidte.nnahAsecassemc)niubtsdosmyun. msutlPrpaaeitntrievmgeit sOEaphvrmcoaecurcpuatllpdigocaeyebtsei(eeoT(n3peWa5xrl3peA9vSo))eas.nufoetrfteeyd1/taromneddDgu/mDHce3Te.dalstAthhhanrloAleucmngtohptl(toeOhxyeSceeeHue'ssAdes)kaoinfnp8er-xhopotoeucsrutirvtieemtceol-owDtheDiignThgteadnd sHTruehaqbzeusatiDrardneemocpueaesrnwttMmisthaefotneartrirpoaeaflpscTokTrratragaanibnnslgpsep,ooqrlartuatbaatenitloitionintngyh,Aoaasfcntd0d.e4t(s5rHiga4MnnkasTpgteo,Adrs)tuaDbtiDjoencTt (at3o1h8a0z)a. rdous TFDohDoeEdf.oaDlnlordwugDinaDgnDadctCrieoosnsidmlueeevtsie;clsAacrte r(eFcDomCmA)ended for the sum of DDT,
--- 0s11o...120y5bepppapppnmmmoiiiinnln pdm(re8aip8enp8due)frhamocptinusrteodil,dasipreyaprmroidnutcotsil and in crude StaANssAtmetplaLPoelWtrDcLeseitfWaairSstcetetTRegrrnsAiusnuPlThgam(raetsEoienevogSreetnricascWam,rdciertsaoeiitpttreehitrareei;draE.xbEpyPTonAhsuaerrsAreeamLtsibtviamieetenirtstsefhWseaervacetetnieocrpenrQ)oomuraasubllitygthyaertieCerldirspittarienodrgmidaiutthialognenadateldor
DDT 57-7
ARKANSAS Ala1i.vfr1eekrat(ai3ngg5s/eaL8)s7f()ho.nraesvDesrDetTtoaiecnxhcsrueoerndfiaccttehoixws)ia.citteTyrshs,itsaannisddafroadnr otahfceu0t.pe0r0ot1otex/ciicgtii/toLyns(ot2af4n-adhqarurdatiocf CRCaeAlgiLfiooIrnFnOi1aRahNnadIsA5drwinaktienrgs wanadte4r.0stantgd/aLrdfsoroOf 4ce2afnigP/LlanforwaMteurnsic(i3p0a9l7). DTfohIrSeDTDRDisITtCrTiacntOdoFfitsCCioOslouLmmUebrMisaBihnIaAtshseetpuabhliucmwaantehresaultphplcyri(t3e8ri2o8n).of 0 ngfL IIpLluliLbnlIoiNcisOwhIaaStseraswupatpelry q(3u3a2li2ty).criterion of 0.05 mg/L for DDT in the KKaAnNsaSsAhSas an action level of 0.42 jxg/L for ground-water (3213). NEW YORK wqN(3uae5atw0eli1rtYy).sousrtpakpnldhya,arsadnadnofrMe0q.C0u1LirenosgffDL5DfoTtgr/Ltsoufrobfreacdneroiwnnkadtienetrgeccwtlaaabstesleerd,inafnogrraodmurbninidek-niwntagwtearter peOOxrkKoclepaLeahAdgoaHm0tiO.ao2nMreiA(gq3/uL5i3rf4eos)r. tshuerfiancsetrewaamtercsoncclaesnsterdatfioorn foisfhDaDndTwnieldvleirfeto WWPcruieEtbselStriciTaV.AiVrgIFwRiinanGitaaelIrNcspu,IrrAbormuentuthllgyaashtiaposrnoapisowseaextdperencqetewudalcibrtyyiteclraritiaetetrshipoerninsaogmf 1e198an9sg/t(Lh38ef3of5re)d. eral P roFpeodseeNdraolRpPergrouopglaortasiemodnssregulations are pending.
57-8 DDT
StateMWOSatTerSPTrAogTrEaSms wMpCrhhooaespnntogssteithnsaegtayerscbehaeaprcnerogomeijnseectitfnheindetahplf.eorirorCc1reo9esn8gst9uao-lca9ftt0riwoe(nvi3tis6shi8wn3tghh)i.ecthhsetiwartielwl oafftofelirlcoepwrroEisgPraaAdmv'ssisceahdna.dnges MINNESOTA wMcfafiohgarSirJtnoeeLonnrntesisfhc.soietorirctvTraDedihteDheeAsrasTiicesgaunpcitoanrertfiotedLep0drri.oim0inssa0ueki0tdrai1nfr(a3geaScAewfRfioLgawer/t)cLaetortohmeffer(om3sr1p,4erc5fanoto1ngdtl)ded/e.Lcdt1siMfuoAofrniriflgnlao/soncLuwfeersafhfwoobautraclametedeahLrwensasia,misgth0enaie.tr0laass0l(t,otRe0had2pAn6(rgdL3orf4)poi5gouo2/snLf)ed.d1
EECwTcDgauahiDtriteedeeigrecrmoelticiranavtirneeeievsdevoa0sAant.lo0ulr0D,ey1srA,.ivn20ak.l0uain0neg2sd5fWAoar3antdteuors0tea.0dl(05po53er3sm)tiingct/iLedne, dsreeidnspfseoucrrtifvaaebclesyt.rwaacTttheiorenrteroefaartdemrinennokting TtpD(o5rhit4orae0edl)cutmmcivtaasexxiiimRsme0uul.mma5tifanailggdlo/mlwt.oiassbtihbleelecQocnounacelcinetyntrtoaratfitoWionnaftoefrorrpfoDersDtiHcTiudmiessa0na.1nCdfoigrne/sLlua.mtedpTthioen toccDDeAitnhhaonrpiiteremgvrropcsaeeipgrierccnngoroottorosoinpuvhougdumrneuabeinidsannlesdcoosttndiheagcnt-oia,newnrmrnaGcmagnestetrescudhueaootrebssiuammunhsng(arotapiiedoqe.nilnoel-lsue)W.ugi,rabcdrnoatevaoeidlofcituearsetoomnaeriratdpnkleegsn-veedraw(drniaa5nrcannt3oosobtodeu8neplygca)rbmhehetsmonisy(etossiiande.nacpenmrtrh.,ocp,ytboechsrwserautrororoobipwtbuusehcpohstgrooanrihtuccuneiseohnvtcgsmiteesrprmnsoipienpteuaworsryncui.oohnodnrhifdlcodaiivohbrsrtirm,iieatopcesntodtushsu.dbtsechiseshorscasiohqlu)augraohgtfiec
DDT 57-9
WocDorimhrceeypcnatenitvieinednsetposenacmutBtiaohaynothrboiietnfiegpsar.Websaaettnhetri,ngcQouanarceleiatnytsrha(ot5wi3os4n)sthsahtohueldavbyemcehteaclks,edpebsyticides shsoDTteuhhfrihigfabegrehetlasecltfnctmtaqitshosniuhahveocaneaenlcfdilltoooaeiytnngnsthohecoesrnetfhyhnmasesetthsluhrelpeadQfseliettllsulfcishfoiniauisfnsohlibfhictltsaoeyatrsptfaneihrRnodaeoncceamdelhsqcausuhurcfosisvottrrs.tareuaebedtbo.eexsrcotgsTtaefhaoenhnaSdceltohiemheagtahiluinltllfeieeoidstdvgchheeeoletlninhWnwacsaethehatenestidicelpttlrhrfesasiccustohihibfnoai(sctns5wtraa3iahtonb7itaocf)uernertmesesaosfscurfphotloreinctifhye wcdDOabcoaniehirsarrdcigcsdce/hatiohcinaansrtlcroioivhggoswheesaedauarnolooetgosrenfegreodoestmtrhnfhiwseinsehs,suitsuteoDiobhmorsosinigtsunauacanbltsnhantscnaapotfeaodrnrpsgnoidhoescdaworuersohsrddapfifseucahi.rnhDtcaihtevtaoAoheenwrsadg,givsazreyeftpaorresteuootraitenosmurm,nddso-telaweeSfolqrreuuaforutmbteimazetsroetrtiihrr.aocmioynua-deeclsnmreewoesvmbcfiafraeiteo(rsre5csnbritc3somoo5nonuoe)snrnn,attptisrnhpietcelesairetnnsanastotloet wcqsDAaacuoonnuanicmmdrdasyhent/ppoecptiwoo.ritnhtiuuyasvednnt,senaidtdsnoleopslsl,aa;nottc(asuilwonoeTermsadnieotd,,hxpooiepofccfcsuhoacttmyanaerhsnbdrcpiedtilcsnaio;asmiuoDlhnognemaaredttngnhneosdagnoxi;cnetdiccc,riscehyoo-faaeuahfrnnmensadicuddliWtocnesdagssd)aaile;tennssecrethgshtetacaehsauorlkrelomsiarneu(ksc5pdgset4oeaeww2ufrpnoi)nahdsrdtasiictsadceh;rrsisesocppcamihonnorrraosdcoditdlniumoucgdorceipfieongostigf,lnhyshepcuooyhcflcehdlniscols DlDaibDreeTlcintiigsvelriesogtneudlCaatliasosnassif.CiclaatsisonI./cPsaucbksatgainncge aanndd LisabsuelbinjegctotfoPpeastcikcaidgeinsg (a7n8d6) PcmatuDholnlisaaenrofrntoekmrtcrboeteaeptilsvlerreedkpeodeeltaaotaebbcnncneyltdedioP/oorodlntorahaunnnpeustregrstdoeehPmrdd.eruoetfmcIathoetfnrarscesirtt,acakiootaseenmnutpntcpaoiaPhnexrirangiompruidnrspsuouglemnadcdneDtusctpciDentepssr(Tsro1iamoot3rhdmda3yeuy,3aroc)ybtbfsiebeop1cnee2apc0uenwifsredihemeiaitdchyiothseftc.eracadsanpDenltsaDon.coTebtdemboeany
57-10 DDT
PddDtsC(1hit,aiunaeiseirrrncc1leysthld9quacua8autiadarn8riavnivgd.nleeteiDgrtdoyatoaofignnasoeoDsgtb.tmhejDahreeTeeocTmrDthusiLosv)eiairnsenmtSeetdhchufietotrlbiiyresvVsqgoteapuauamv,anlolpueaelcni'rrtee-tiasysDsotghnfDoaeosenb(rT1adjmD7neDic9duiQsstD2sciut)v11hTae03balirep/itsmgyrcgeo2go/OLd5/omLub.ftpcjiweDtlgFiica/oeaotLtdninrev.grewtiessoTdritt0ofiahhso.ulec7rshaDesmaDSmDroiuggsiT/fbcesLshdsJitaaowaarnnnsagucteaeeasrsryof
EPs(E1erEEa7o9CCpb3oe)DhsaailrsperfpcootrrhioviapbeoistCsee-odduP. nrtchoipaltoDsteihdreecdtuivmepoinngthoef
Dumping of Waste at Sea organohalogen compounds
at
. mCPIEpamurrElueatopshCpsptosoaorirbrfhstiiaaeatctyIlasinpotfiptianonoorcrsnoktt,mhpaahPgoeeuCesassedCocttdkuaobaantmtneegchdimianorltegulfRapnaebaoenixntegryypldtueeoeloddraLxfttpaibinCoaobynnreeatdtrlcihCtnocategoofihnrneeDodcxDfaespDtrnaoDanTcnrtaietegnenoegwrgonreiofEttriouhitxomsspuatoohspCdrweohSterneusDFtmibgoirrsinroTctemaaachitnnlteseicadvenpes(dr.3oo9nd9u3c)t
DosRCaptnnoaoeDdlnmslEToudwmlntauaarivistndstiierstosoriononl.ntenoemvoReinboenlinsefsaktttiahnhRipteneopetphvloshireieresuocddeoemgednnrwraavdLintmil-orlicsomhabtrneteeeemaodglfoateuohsfnSrcsteyaeea,cscnposptadeinoonoddlldntll.-uuhCdotteaieafontetnetetnhrsgvmaeoitnrroiEdonynuabnPmtreiuoooeislpnsnltueautaon,tdancfilnieemqCdtssuioitabnsmly(i5tomtyt4hfhu5een) aitiries
DDT 57-11
57.1 MAJOR USES 2opimn0ufas0beJn0lcayiF)tcn.irpuchoihadmeraaeysslet11hsi9,n4ou16fts9he7taeso3g;,rw1hiaco9oulr7lwll2tdueu, vsr(Deee1srD2,ao)Tn.iftdDwiDsinaDussrtTtiiohlnlnewgueeetsrrhoeeadifsdctietachxianmettceiemeno,lnsloiDevsdoteDflwwyTmiiitdanphellalasytryohiemaued,seeetadxytncpreahoipgpumrtisicipocaaounlnrlttdcouaofrnupatenllamtrgroeuilereesg. ei(nn5Ac9sy, otmiMne,cipcoxhl'stu-ntuDTdirsceeDetadc,uThldfwnopi(iehrrc1soea5idntlo-ue2fDhcv1atDe%D.srDT)rTp,Teochipssee,hsipaivabd'e-vmliDdeesc.iDxeutthxEsuaesrimoe(m>ninco4oets%hntdass)itets,iutftiadohnnylegld.rowputHrhspimeoawtalposreo,ivpalye'frdoio,scoofudzmseapente,sapro',o-ftDotnhhrDeetrshTpoece,o(pct6mie'f5ciip-chs8oon0inmsi%ceoeanmr)lt,,seDro(srD21aTthr4e5e).
57.2 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS 57-2.1 Transport in Sofl/Ground-water Systems 57.2.1.1 Overview waastronhalsupenobnisrDlpilglopiDaotrrnyrTteicsoriemiafssntopDteelrvxaDoiepntpnTeelstcorotawciendlodsdiud.spltidisootsssobbalsevletreotohdrfniagcgenhoxslntcypeceoneisrmdsnteetmfrndoacortytbmihoilrtuneoolsau.istngoiohrBtnbhutshe.ltkeosHoqusiuoonl/aiwsglnasrettovuiruteerinrsea,udstel-ttodwhsfeazitnDoeenxrDateerTvneaemvsdriyiertslohsysnoelolmlvowreewedsnutilnt of wotpapoafaasrrtmlitettoiisrIcwatnillsoeoltesnsrgrroioeoniannolgifegrrc.rgumoaatnnelnoEs,ncadivecdtteneruelcnatnrranaacarisstynbtpeisdooothsnronaotttsowsfuprpoornaarafctbsthitoDeniwiodtlDo,naTdy,wTasseobaietilalclhpme,amnovn5sosio7enrtbig-tgl1eu,lai.algswalloilsbhToyislilefhceasphetlsaalhseremideostifocDcabaultsyeDlhnscsuet,uuTsmslsDaioaneitsiDsdigloswroTnatecaosntiatpaepciaetnroreqr,eedntudditatiaiwlinciooibdtinnntrhstisnhutothotemiohlesepatosahisiorrleoi.tliia.lstiioDroinluaienndg 57.2.1.2 Sorption on Soils ccaohl.rerm(2eDis1cpD4ao7lTns),driitsnehpgecohgeratxereotademcntaetentrroiziafcersdimothrbepmyatneiaotiwncstarimssonelpoagrgnotpeKonrdteio=onfnc5ay6.l74t0t8oo,. s2to0Ahr0ebs fswtoooiritlho1or7arglgalranennipceiocurcttcarearadrblbovoonarn.lguaceKnosi;nactdtehenget.et
57-12 DDT
EQUILIBRIUM IPNAMRTOIDTIETOLANBEINLNEGVI5CR7A-O1LNCMUELNATTSI'ONS FOR DDT
ESonivlironment____E_s_ti_m_a_t_e_d_ SPoeirj_ce_n_t__o_f_T__ot_a_l_M__a_s_sSoofil-CWhaemteric_a_l_i_n__E_a_c_h_ CSooiml-Apairr_tm__e_n_t
Un2tos5patsuo0rilataetd
100.0
1.7E-03
6.0E-06
Sadteuerpatesdoild
99.9
7.9E-02
a) bcd)))
cUUHIgpCnhuetsaetoriienlrdlccsdioraezeudynnenls'audctsotacetrilogt.sopaioenowtrisinsloescpnsbihoonraonrecsupssoVeetltedaodnifonlftounibtcnmaeitcneaeMocnkeuote1afnnfncssifkcaiodaaitresuye=nr'rds2teae:.0dte8se.qcKE0daru0-*isi10ptloi5rt=bxipoorausni3tougm0ihmol2f,ae0mpsnm0tadV0iormmtds(iaaeto2ittll1oue4nasar7intana)dt2.gne5ddemnCduvoesidr(ee2eodpl1n4oms(36one4)ill.ny,.t3afoC5lr,ac3logc6neu)nd;laeitrstieeaodelns
uhInypdosrnoaitlssiooinwl.ipthrolpitetrletieosrgsaunchic acsarsbuornfac(ee.ga.r,ecal,aycsa)tiothneeexxctheanntgoefcsaoprapctiitoynamndaydaeglsroeedeopfend 2dssddefamrf(ouoe2et-ciiessv5roil1diclvdssmaeb4-ruooislrdti9ce.Tc.llilaevvami)oeh(tlraeesdy2fTioeceddetv1isbhihbidem)4wsasuooydes8perrimiese)trnpgga7senhhviaaan5fhcuetgfnnr%odhidaimrenuiianenccen5ccndiatccitri-dphinmmdte7eneseradagaarotteectsshthtraisixibettmdnpeeeptehryirngntripeaasaiapcdtsoanonlwciheri,srnrtdcgeeeaeppsaosrpndtourtweteefprtieefcnaorearfdh1wtcnsrDetteis0eeoehscaroa0nDrmoetatlsoetneuttfTwm.dfhrcsbatDwaaeg6ihnst(Ilns/.DaiootenooL9thmlyat5wfTusohmw.popo)biudepmtafositirihgllrtobssigThheoastsi/rayoulxnaheaLisqplimtddnevmtyurncdiooeiomaabpoacdofbttontsabefuieadaegcrtoenrlbdnaDitsyratsi,l(diisg)tsylnmfDi.i4aortgoihffsnelneTnnurvttisUnigeiisiilechfmlnvtsisdliswnhimlcgimceansawaosiramnonsgaatrgayaetftgcagetllttrpireeylabeupd)le,srcrn)eprs,saoephi.aes'wtcinn-e'luenen-DshchdrDmc(ewpeaSDseaidneDmtiaonnorch,TcttlbcrTruieeaa,eapatoarnnthndnlntistCtbloiedidywooehnm(t(nntreotiii.ifwtnooahmfushfwyuuubleepCvotgseeicshbiolfehanocltereitrlittyloosaanfnl.t.
DDT 57-13 57.2.13 Volatilization from Soils sseaaeostqvmtluuiematr-Ttiaamoichltn3ee/d,esmanwvyoovaoslfipru(o(iolt12drns01mp)4Hs.ir6egeen)nns.TtisrsfhuyiVcrew'saeoinptlloahatrltwfeyitslDhierczeneoDadcnthTeiusoatcnoalaefnf-tilvtsis2foeae5eldtaxifCtpmo2iler5iehcznaDtCaetstDdiropbaTnaetnoregltonoiibncnslegsgeetisvhasf,.nerewonmiohmaridcsp2heo.2r8r.wE6toaEo-fn0u-t5s1lde0lvotoeasarsdt2amsp.lo0rrhE(ob2oc-1u0eD5rs6D0ss)Titnowfitrhom wdoeovarfhyage1sapn.noIknirtgcah/sthceoiaoeisrlcnsabt,amorrvnaeeot,,leqatscotuaiwallwicnezuhtariletitaciyoth0eno.d0DfisvDaDonmTlDdautTw5iclh.ia0wzsasartlasoaipomwmnpe/ldirixhea.eadydl,fJu-rutlnoeirvsiyfepaoseerdctmoteifalpvLy4ethl9t(yo78.o0aaf8Tn)1dd,h0eeup4cst3cmihno2growrdfesaeosyr1piselocwon2m3dfh0iea1n0nt.g2a5twfhn%iagedtuer2rrae0ts6e9 sblbhpeoaeeeaitrllcfwts-hawilSesiiknviitemteeenghnnsilca4caawenr.rs0eodorrpuafeedspnsetpudmoegelcvrter4hseaa.rnd7lswiiuamacyetraierieotl1aedsn5rDosofycDbofoefrtoaTntarrhtairnep(Dpi8ebpved4Dulro%iitcTlboeaaydttpiati.lLoo,pipnzipCca'ts-lhhtaiDieoetlodceDfnuDnT1alsDra0tt,aet0Teti11ned05p,%looehpbustaoesnoluc.afd,an-lp,sludi/'va(-ss2Deec/as1rDcoe5fr.t1Tohe)r;)eTwrsbihonohpemtorsaheeogswcrithseiuhcoasduasmlifletet-esuldlriorvssanutelhfgsceehellsorlhaaomsuld wSipZisnu,ooaipdtmsr'iag-aeDfInalornn.D;uciontEarTn(dno.2chp1eteiionn5Ac2stalsori)lghuasnssabtfooiilloffoiiui-mlncfslnia,efdtonehtftdhae1ie6fr1ohr.e60la,acop5ctlsdftl'sy-iapoliyisponifosnmefmtohDoofeatforDstthlhwTbeteehseasehesalenattsssmhsoesraivobelncespeorspeotuuahhnrlrletrdferteafideoecbmueewwfenobsidaerteehcgnkctDorooeseuDauatbftntToheectrroeimadnnDtvhucDfeKacoorhntTrestniomofbyanonyaporprcct(terolo2hione1erpDdv5aep3pDiarn),isptdEiw.'to.ahnhneEetrloe it 57.2.2 Transformation Processes in Soil/Ground-water Systems erdWxaeptpoerlefeTnoesdfhseeeeatdnqrtauaalos.et:eon(u2ats1th5hew4y)hcdiorfcnoohuldyniDstdiisDo.ntThsOeduvepnegsdrreeautrdhdeweos-hfpiiiHcrnhstt-rhioaternidgsseoerpiltr/rygeaprstioeecunacntlodoTn-fwshtneaaatneptturHr(eaknsl^tvrw)ioranoatgntelrmy2s7ea(npfCtfHeiccsot5su-l9tdh),ebe
k*. = 1.9E-09 + 9.9E-03 [OH ]
57-14 DDT wHhyderreolyks,*is, ihsailnf-lsi'v1e, sanodf r[oOuHgh']l,yth81e cdoanysc,en8tryaetairosnaonfdth12e yheyadrrsoxaitdepHion9,is7,inanmdo5le,s/liter. rheysdpreoclytisvieslyp,rordeusuctltforfopm,pt'-hDeDrTateiscopn,ps't-aDnDt Eobt(a2i1n4e5d).from this equation. The npdtpeDhnaer,Dpegotvu'rdiT-rcraDuAohadcwnlDeatpmmawtTh(isoie2aocnn1tpaateto4prlarol5epylwfs)llesy.eiaxieDnssdpitDCmohpaishTaprneseleodfnsrhab-eltyuitnaetfomnhettuitsluniaotunwsrlf.m-afafip5v(rlmvm1uieeod2reellea2ree(syn00twoss.g)ui6latliwno7ghtebtlahsihrjssgtjae(hg(wmnmr/t2cv,aa1emiesnxaa5di2sl5f)mtsuo)hao.ruutoieoslnmudiAdmgcgohgfliiaotnnaloasrtnitsrenaobnD,iphnespDplaiiatnh,mlyTtpfgoe-'olts-awiorhDtfelaeuhyD3nmeseo0dEinfus0ffees8iwinxcts(tmapdw2iasova1)as.eyo5dsesb6edwTpg)sf.heorrhtrareeoevsdneelaindtgtihthowetninhoefn rrtp(ah2eetoocd1erom5uppn8Dhcvr)eyt.DedeorsriTnetpfDen,ooderhcwrhmeaphytshoodiaycbfrhrtoedhiFneceorenhseu(lsFIbaoufIenroll)e(itudnIspnIbai)odfnotrrinpoopttdmonohhr)yepourthhinfhnanydeasDrte(iuoDran2xrgl1sTaioi5donl7aateb)ttobn.iheoiveeoDniIntrtDipocoorh,nEfebamrstsseeh(eedrnbreneuvcetmFceeetd(neoi2ov(v1fIiesan5Iulr)7dgemo)egpd.fhoeousadractpleeeohhlddgyyseordytnirhsrnagtaoetatgiimnonetnnishctehcatmioonsFnadeDptt(aecrIDrihoIniIcaDlio)enlrsgsiinn, eis tb-h1u5at0tGgtrmahemivas)tb,liyrsoevlaalenffreetuc9nt0aeul%d.su(ba2oyl1fl5yrt9ehr)daeopfoDxiduDcnrodTantdetwhi.taeiosnddese.ggrraUaddnaedtdieornwsiottrhfoinDngDalyTferwetodudbcaeiynslg.itctTloenhadefiftaeiuocntthesodr(Esbyhnop=tHe bsppoerrioolsidcTneuihsnctsethceueshin.baralaaftUn-eeldnrgifoedebueoinrfcofdraes1nor0taihlae,tenroaoadnbe1edri4ccooiybmtceiocaipsnrocdsbsoiiectntiloidoiomeninvtspieooadDnrfseDtDdo(D2Dwb1eTii6ts0hpit)nr.hhoeaadDleumfr-DcloaeivEbjdoeircsipsmrsooetfehdilt2eosa8mbhmoitanaolsiajton3ber3tel(eyd1dne0abg)yryr.seacpdihnoaertmimtoeindociastlto clp(aa2rbr1oob6cTro1eahns)ts.eo.srobIynuacrattcnehedreigsaherlaosarwnebadoecnetfinuonnnsogsuna,g-lbcgchaeoclsomtteererdinitaaatbotweodhlbiisecamhnpaooaltrofeegnDutnieDaosltTlyoafhbimaDlespDbtooTrete,aunbnseutotbiDnsdDeetrghTvreeadadfsieeinltdDhetDhiarseTswoienlellthe 5 1 2 3 Primary Routes of Exposure from Soil/Ground-water Systems vcehrayraTscthtreeorniasgbtliyocsvseosurdbgiesgcdeuststossioesnvoeilro,afalfnpadtoethepansatitaahlwheaixgyphsospsuuogrtgeeenspttiasatlhthwfoaartysDb.iDoaTcchuamsulloawtiovno.latTilhiteys,eisfate
DDT 57-15 w4bgtithrusooeotrtufkrpnnTea5eodrnh4rts-s6eswpiiansvoaNntroteadgetlntarrcitortooeiceulnosinodzainddarlfte-itanwPiDnmokrtanDsiiitonneTriogarnifttwiyo(toaDrhannLteDadeiisirTsarti.rtslssefiuimartpdoeipeimstsg.elidreeaasIxdb.npdyaeietsMciDaptoceoinDthdsraTepcltroas(so8sidbest3etu,e)rcioattrmnnsewgidpDnaoistsmDrohtrdaeDeplde.tctiaeootncThnntdashetetdeDqoDupDisnDeooEntiTselt)u.nrewthfxiHaaaapssclooewafsfooulwelrurvoanewetrdeet,rod,at serbirtfpnrohexeiooogmispetlmuce/eoagoslunsTtitrnustntiohioehcirianuneneeelonngdmfdifrotsiore1-sfsoawrc%cauvttrhtaruiheetaoftrmpaeaaernistttrcgbeitaeeoerufnksaniotytwbetcearsoutdoatlgootetfaserufmetundorDsDairsses.nfDitmDanoaodcTsgAsTfeietndccshsiwbcunargteoiiyneraonrgsftpnkaadterbeiicqroioenrone.uunsggfaniiwmsAtwodcttiaoeco-fpsatwnnoetcoatcetrarohraersttngra.meeatesonrauisnUtfMnumopiaSselDrptoimtxEn,leDripisatdPeeisonTtsAoes,giamurmdeq(armosopudndetrvoadoioroertmpiriminnttdecaaseketeneshotirmnnthtxrmwi,tgpagceaanhaotwwyalansosibn9uaiewtsh9iortxfmmeer%elpvirosssatoeom,els(rmisosu2lw,.)fa0ripiytse0sDThaus1rtohDg)htmtc.geihTecceauelhsyetrisgrthfmehrsoaaumtylt 57.2.4 Other Sources of Human Exposure iewdDatNbpnhntouraeDevomtsctvidhToerUiebPusenrosa.ctebnctSuhetniaermsc.nsenkneelv-eaeitede-mirnduknsratpsdsopvit,nafronioioogirowtmrmrrMeohntnneaeesiaoendnrrmlpxlfuietldirfpyebcDrsohinouoeiodatDntmttonusacTwecnebD1ctstdess.heooii7)retectec.%mentnocswoteufacTniaoarnaoos,clhrlyn,foceucbdlpudtaioseatuh,untarnmcheibturtnntrehlseiiaierdteecdtidcfehs-crtchy,ciesiuod(vleehaiwiueaeatnUonsnrlieud,ttitnthhnhlirdidingtrainreeauertysdwasestcisledhbhdwh(oSi2eeiunie(actaf1a2naythtmn6al1tstss3eti3esno,bis)t)aanw.su.easriduaepnoIDcDrtirpneosdeD1lDstiendess9iTlss6oTlsiaac3dtfacloua;selnmonDsdaordomcryaeDangebd)ymnf,enaT.iJrbetoniiasrlemnndipannlserptuyftcdiooiuaotlopufhrlrnoimoynieniturndyont1Cf(i,du(oi2anfDns11onie96unDafo74ondiT3f)notad.hd,iet daDcrDrinoEksSsicnohtgrhaewfDearUDte.eDSrt..saianlD.mt(Dph1l2Tee4se1waf)rarolsfymodu1ent9thde8ec0it'nMse;di1ts9hsin6ies9s4mi4pth%epdaitiaaomnnfdo5cro7Men1i8ctshesnaaomtnurrab3iti3eiRo%nnitvewowrfaastsoecvro0e.n0rsta0a5m1i0np0eltdegfsi/nLDtiaDs(hk1Tee4dn,17). sicahMmniotinmeginsocahcsCoevseeiusessonipsrrttntiehsprc9rdeapeeu8rtnip%sceioteooDrnrinanweotcteldoafietdoiafsnctn,tahv5bsrtwea.aae7lonhtusiftnneaoehrmgenDaewd/tmpaD.waslf3seTalFsuas(12txoii60n1enrf.s6i8navm7aagme)nr/e.1mgebao9/sti3m7Meh1u0n(03erme-ter7(atme22aossai0uiertns02nreu01oetsro%sm)vv.faeetecraymnorBktotfooyeshsnnftsecohtho1tfebchm6lioeyrDentpswDpattsaaiveoernTteaueieesrkntsnodah,ntgveea1w,epar9lhnolp7luUise3,cepiUv.thsS'eia-.o.SlnDihsnn.dha,Dfadftot1Trhvhr9oeaee7mw19bm19ha,e97tsieehgt62ahnhde0)nee'esilst.notewcttheed
57-16 DDT TbehcisaussueggDeDstsTthinatdDicoDfTol tirsainnsspuofrfticifernomt toMeexxpiclaoinantdheCaemntoruanl tAsmoberseicraveids o(c2c1u6r3r)i.ng, pfmrr1oeeo9orssu7tpn9latetT(rdhc1(yhuts12iel2v4(toe4s>5ltl4d)8oyi.)n)t5,.,a%ilttnhThd)eeh,1ie9eUwtt7ao.im8rtSt.ayh.aljiiloNinnenratotaf1asyk9oDke7uevD9reowcgTf(eea1sDtsw2ao4Dabef5sslTe)tD.idsm,weDFatpaTetosocerttdeiaensttdatooittdmehidns0ea,l.e0tdaare0indsde3dut(stla2tornoodydfboeieetea0tirv.0t0swhe.10geoe30erlr4dteat)ob^mgdalg/ednke/skagldetgmr,bisnboaffidooksadyrhinnytwgiasnwnefu(idae6gpnihgttthsh,tein ooiMnrfdgg/tiagvhnIieadnonuc1daah0dll7todfhriosteitoniaodegtnieorsotnoemosusierdtstcouaretmeiascslphmidlaneievdeafetrn(ebs1su08ehr.e0w0vn05ea)y.tcsfeoi,rgnTmfdgfhia.usehnc,ytmepdsa,t.xpui'md-IDinueDsmaTow1f9weD8ta-0Dsw-8Ted1iegcthneotacntttcieaoodmnnaciinnlenasfttuiirsroahvnteifoyornofomfwa7s9.24.%69 (fpooor,rpcb-iDonavDenidnTaebpdias,opbma'd-lDosinomDaiflTnof,uaalnDtdfD(a3tiE8n(,1ca9oan7nmimdpcaooDlmsDiftpaeDtosss).iatimenInpsOalaemnst1paf9lrr8eois1om,fsrtm1ou9med0ayn9co9acf0rocDncacasDesrenTcsat)rsaaswnetdiseo)rnreasenlfaodotfue5nd1d2is(fgo1i/mgk2/g4ke8rgfs)o.r o0mctoo.f0inl125kc.6eM5pinnwpintlmrokIgalm/lgtii(isne2owno1nai6hsnsd6oouaf)lto.erbhuioenmnvHrgdeiulstkomth1hue3oaer.vn6cee%dearmerotlaiyoeflkcf9h1t8it9cuoh-a8mdnen0aa'ylssnaiamlfmlsoeaioxtucptpnbl(aeo1detssiouppacnrpo,pesbnop')t-tueaDorwriinDcoiDeetdThdDo(TctfD2ho.1eeDnx6cpTA5aeo)vn.seat1urnr9arad8egt1.ieiotssncAuosarnnvrCceaaeaynlnongtogairnufdageibtasioonfrvanoitsnmtbueed3iyn.8g
573 HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS 573.1 Animal Studies 573.1.1 Carcinogenicity cinoandcelTuqhdueeadtceatrhincaitnhotughmeenaeincvsiitdyaenondfcecDlafDossrTifciehadracsiDnbDoegeTennaiecsxittayen2osBfivDeclayDrcTsitnuiodsgieesundf..ficIiAenRtCin(1a3n,im3a8l3s8)and olsctireofffevensaetpdTirtmreuahdiclneet.gsewhtdrigeAtapehainnatdesttoworitoecaaotaftla-irgormoceynfininscc2eoeort2ghna4aeetcnniremodiencniitcswtrhyefaaeotsewowidofeasnirnnoseargeaoidxlsnflotcyu2estdseh,as-yder1moe0icns,foipn5nmCoi0tsnrFo,toesr1oerltraemgdrli2retio5ylcDaue0tf.DpiropsoTn.pAmsmhhItwanioptstee.baceblohkeTtnoeho6ifncm0ta8hdal8oeet1nDimswpaDoaaennTrrtiesdmatnsfralto.alarsta(me1nwtdh9oden4eiri4ngre)
DDT 57-17 slrggdi(ararI1atinu1eneaerrnvn1fuctsr9coone0ideethpmvea4uurghriinenw3ppe4tvvaectiod)o3s,1eiluect.ns.t1d02iaem5thvfg0k0lo%rreeImoLmsxeonlrD5wrp.yciimao0csvpeoDetalriei(wmeetWfcover14Tysksoroi06ttnismcthw-gua8thf2ggehretndo3opeal5eooirdly)r2nanfn02u.e5r8tetpoafu6e20phr0pigafdgm0a6%pepaedhptipmm.normiwwmtp,ordipwmnienlisoTt(gin'eghi-1f5n.rtwhikDe.s93hstottesh2t%e%DuuiIe.4mrLs2npderT,%e2iex,yeIvia%t,7dnc.nfrenn9coeCaredo%odsutfanIiFshnnecinnntde6me-eeeddot17oldmacuv2la%2iforicn3elm5anmtynet%tr,u0leshtiteamcn,crdhrcespleooeo,oeetoopnlsihnsmnsrnwtfpm,c2.ehtesaeetre0teBhcnlowrshoreIgtueeApltneesfiersrrvporLavmftewaiwmfeuehtniBlenvdiayapaecmodfa/s,ls.igconelddcarcu9assoiermlooaNi6neennagumonlt%sditoanctscpdf,erpreiesoifcga0ma,nafoiolole,crewnlafnafemo42dtenttnd8tra,ltuaruahit%os2evmi2lwm2ettn%eeo0aaociirbn,fsptlnocorehelpgooscomofymrsmenrff3wtpl1waito%hlnc2r50alefgeeoeo510rtrrrstnule0a5eshihoeamptnb,duierrpffpglfooeopelecpohmygvrmlusomusrs,iennddnnoalft0dtoeouldohor.eaaps8proafslte%esllthsds). ctaaiaddmrdmceiiti-Inniwnooinsegttiaeeghlrnheeit1cde25d-idynw-aeieeavmtereakirrcssayetgu.(ded2oy0(s,0Te5msW).aoAlfeU)8Bnd76doCoesrer3sF1t1h272e5mcopiorpcnem4d4wifteoiporrpnem7sa8,odawfmnetidhneikisfssetsmetaruaneddldey,domibDeistcDeaerrTvywewdeDraDefsoTrnoaatnt dMpfepimeemtnadRfl(oeeforselsmsctrhioaaetmelsietrpsg)aaliilvrf.feeeodn(tr1imw9d74ei8iet2.htw)arTe0aye%dhkmeDs,iiDinnnfiTocsciltodleaonretwtenrddceoedoltsso.oebsfyWTlo3iiuvf5smet3arw2or1rteusreamkowtrssoer6or5s4ef02w0onabpopssptpem3mri5nv%da(omutficoiatennledecms(h)i2nna0ali0ecOn5sads)la.b2Dno1dmD05Teo6-r%in42it0nhe obspdstahmpnpifiofeedmafDacelrsilrmFDseaieannestinEyeecucasedtmhoeriincseinefbsoigewrfmmnprodesdrraitrocuomiiueeenbfcdtattasaiiaietbnseindiooslnviyanvmeeipcesdndoaptbriunlreghosetodinaahnxuutmetgiescsomidesirtmmtdeaDedlbtiriuleDayfsacelinyrnhEtwGdim,D1edilnte0rotDehsghe0sgseTeesntl(i-ilin1pcenam9go(nra1te9ainddhns91tteeci4a,mvqhi0ipehuni1o)ga.a9a.inhlnm4tkeeTg1mTers)htydh.deetesuteirhaer.TaaatbadsrnnhotieiifelfmoftioitehnrnrearoecleossaoaonefsfnwcosctieiDnenmrlursebDieastlefihaTtovtmfrew.reedetehtbineWmhatuenmeceph(a,shs2etutpa0tneoshem0reces2b1s,i)ooet0l.ewtesf0hrv0istTtehhlhsee oo0ggD.riii2vllDo5eubbTnpyyImns1fsibgon0usrrut0bieunrd8cbpvu00iapSvt.tmaw1weinodeinmesoesoukfL(unmstDstroiiaelDcifasne8tTojf0melo(ic6livewtln0noeieowttepnohksiein:elsrtt;wtedgwGirtirchveioretcaeuo;erlpupeGne;ppfroore3rOotrm0eugwpowpisvneueaeeBtrfshnkfi;)swgc;e(iiGa3xveGs)3nern4rotgwo8uiaeuvn)pn.repoienDmADCtaarlDwlmewsdaaTaoosstsuess(tdetrgcrv5oieowiv0navfei%etttnerdh1do00lofts.otemf2)orc;5paghaGin/ncmkniiarmgcagolallauyiylnilsnpsigwsoroiAilnaotlihidvfvaweeelal s
57-18 DDT sclitliOaynnruometttcnbeuhartc-pbeterdueharaoedtostlavtsiemonu.edtnolmeaop;osiponiuctrwtshanstehlegilwrnyeeil.jeneegrscscreiTiitgoodihnofuneoneipn.fu,isccnienTbatdcrunho,iettdefalbyettulthneiotvidecnteetacrhbnlroyueecnfmaeduilsnllbimeuecdecntibradageirrewnrycntaiuconmasmefodsinmocmaerwonaistnisegmir(siswtvieatugerlenbsnnariutoefwiDlitoacinntarDihon,nTtpctitlrnauyiepntimnauicilsnbrloetaecarhdrartseyiesoawaenadbdsad,ieoesdeivatnnsneiiaodngantmnnhdtiyaohfsibsocg)eyasreanoonutfldpy. ssttuuddSiieeessveaDrraDel Tssutumisdmiaedasrmhizianevdisetbeaerdleoddwrea:sfsteedr athseubtuthmroersh-porldomdootsinegoeffafecktnsoowfnDcDarTci.noIgnent.hesTehese bconoufonttttMetsrchhohaelosnlwe,iincwaaecnelvi-ddrigdeerfneaenncdmoeceteaoDlseofigDftSnhcTyieafrisric(aec7ani5nnt%utoglmygoelopdinnr,eipsccn,'ri-tewDyhahaDsaeimctTdhs.,atenw2ry0se%rs(ei4te8oa,l(psa3o'n-6iD0fmo1Dau).lTnsd)Apieindnrrtehshneigexaih)lr rtfdureiemceqetoisuvreisfnnowgcryel1riif0nee00fdoiupdnpmd, u5pnrptD(1h4e0ru4unD.ceirmt5oewrpiHTrtirebpvyfeeaeoemti)em(ntprock3eiigaansd/8ooDsti,3nqofDftmE9aci.haDcnE)laNeiml.lgcrotNDi.reecw.ar,GTindeneaaImrddtoiilnfmeoogoti2tunctfeera6ooeprenflciso2semwgirsr5,ssehioeivass2aoeswfetc5adkwnrwmecfesieeowr;faniDdkiricsocef1seiEeme4acs.d2kwteNwau7wdspisaedtre,wtrah(wioeteetaoig4okdetnur43thrgsdaet3,eioiswlvnuapscwcesientarnomvteeirdunesokeca2dudrkisltd0nybeu.hsDeos)cedpc;eBmtEnLrupqejteaiNrmdCuhvgasaejeei.stFavnrteoitreonjtfTenlnduem1aDhDums4t54eiirD,mEco03bienn1nTNeegwp8snrut,prtmetwito,mren2ehfbeae6kaeatert,nstoehtreu)cdmdfa.emoonqiDeumrwdfounCrDriiadtfstco3s,onehrTen4citmintoiniDgtwr(kicfaii9ociEvnretn7leteeeeshN.gdanmk6oeis%swnniebaD,cscldanytyewlDutduestidgdTthruyihecevdfheonr that the final incidence was 820 (40%), 2 of which were carcinomas. The incidence oioa(n3nff.d0twlih8vh1ee2iarc.nt0htu%4umw3meboworefreerseacoknwafsiram)ca;sialnttl1esho0rme.re7eda%icnsef.coiividcnNiiennmogwcieleDcirveeoDerrffTeoltciuuvpenmeirvdriooinrrtigunstmwonmooeDirrcsteeErweNfraoaetuscdmene1iedvv4nie/nit2ln.o1gpmAD(e6dinE6ce.Nl7iin%vrseefiroc)gelnltaiouivtfwmiinc4eoag3drnsDwtb. eDiyneTckDrsDe,oanT1sle0y, wAtahtMOuuuaenmmatledfhelkoooeoDarlrslryfissWeDsvteefwioiTrtnorshefrt5iratrws0u2era1.amt12issnwrfooawcmgetutrieseiednLvskweewdetksneano.esdcsif.rneaefNf1oowtOs.gohu2ruai5nnrvbsli%eedietcves-nnaheioraonrDa5ctbfli0Dtfoinsule0niioTtmitghggyepnhoeepiitonrntfmoasificcrnoweaasiloidnmtinxevsfohtraerssDaelaaesnoDEtcfciswoorlNDeiufsefwaTnir(dciacoedneirsreadiktiltfghnpshiiaclioyrelvteteloiedhndrd5mneii2dtdaaorbtgrfwotnyirtes4neeoo)a0grkeutmatikpn4whsaist0gnef.ergfeeiewiwpcvkcA(raeetsiDoctne,necdtkEtrhaouuDsnNerbcfEddaota)iiinrNntontid(cnhog23inrad5totew,lh0eooefen6tenw)etclleio.hikeviv.tceseeheo.rrefr
DDT 57-19 plivoelyrchtulomroinrastwedhebnipghievneynlsi.n combination with either phnobarbital and/or wdsaDOarineommenDcdsrleieuyTenis-Mlvodtistezai)haeande-npcealeereotz0oihnno,ffuDeuidbcs5iaomeerel,lnynndtbder1tzeary0iaeredei,utnnstdm.2ec1ro0rih2anff,ePteoiaso5opfsrsort0taweece3,tr2ineiiec41wrntwdi0eaefwe0boel1ra,oekd0edfoetso0.hmkrmrsspi5tDtnehphao0aieDrmes0fspttuiTenaanprrotgugepeofaemddmc.databthma6roeeAt02cirfn01ins1cnida2ospodaitrtegnpeawhctred)mieaenenrredoseyookisggzasifferDesfnodsataDwueginoearpeTadtnfsatod(rhfcf3mofoyoe30ucnem,63incat1'a5iads-mn)r0mlu.euc,etreiooaenoFtTsudhroiubhssygrlebhe1lyee-ye0nd4iarn0u-tn(crnhardiprettaemeiipstmlua2smans4ltleutweshtedmowheedt.yfyrhebeleiee-nknrsa. wooimtraaanuenncfeacmce1dlemreyet0Mkoeaia,-pvmarsrdraoia.ssaanansedliyrwgesddduTyiobercSDhfDperlttrpyeuseDhoDgtrmemeltadTTanphaogenarerruc2adronesre1fdiente-to%whutDeladuytrrcesr,am.etere(wAndteAoaghTelArtleAeibamshnyP(,nyPeAcae.dwrrnnaAateohitsottTamnPusitsgmchlar)aeyrhwlindluos)sfeotucoarustniwhrprnotemeuse3iadsD6grokwse8iyrwDnvp%e1egosreirT5nnhowieev-ckmo(anteiaAawsrdnnosedtAeectsaoendfoatPtoad2nceblrd0ettldthepobriiewonwa(lyautailtgnesnslDc:leddeiaomkDaDuisAtneriscaDTttt,lA3eelyas.TdosrPi.wnelr)acbsi.efotnTpayeoemgekhnlTdAclsecbot0ihAyiewi.ovenl0taPeef5fetlicod,%dyneaor)n,cganbicmneitwydDniadeaea(iDDsmnn3sam6cDinTfmnsae3oiiTmgmgra1fonro,)am0i.fyrilnA.fsa0idt4cAr2Auua5y%mfPcnttteoilor2ryns573.1.2 Mutagenicity oosicgnuerefdrbnrweitoceivTlitaviitotsshehoxiroearaiscuessigotaww(en2cmnseet0orile0wvltet1oiaaat,xaybssil9ocsoti1lionhibt6cyesn)ae.anoehrcgyfvotTaeisDovtdtei-afsvDmttietisnTohen(dwet2.hihia0btaeht0asDe1cfdbe)tiDv.ueeareTkeisnaasswraltayeyatnoxeswdttsietaaicntrlhsssydyoievsSaSetn.esaleytmtlgvmcsaspetothuslinlivtdsmuee,ildeulsaidirune.icdtuvht.mhDpeahNDasimrnoTeSducai-rhncSaiaccu.shsrsmmeaanayrasosotrewtmrcdaiseytihshfnccroeseewBsnqwansuicteiahnlslcuys sirmmDDnperracepeoolrmraassemiDnmooarppoa-sDadeghthloeasTiiifcl,lsnaaiytcgietsipaamerevadnnesremutolttaltaiaptfangelgolemmoeesssoginaa.trafilolosveewttCrsesoe,hoxr3aro.naineclvdsadeseualittnrrylsohtsaesbseotixsnlhwuyienegci,rsthhvehtWtrenehoDdss2iomsti5DotaitfodvnAoepsresrpo,utimmntfstsofceheyrxDeesae-ttllagoDepisneasmreTsLnkintewi(s(cnad13ihnt9p8ndher4l4neeoa87dctn))euti.ddchsritasiesrniCunjsveuaeoslaeranettyrmcelkogetdmaitbeohl(nsDeen1aeets9rlratco4viwbmocs7eoero)ulprrpaiteeetfnahelerytaidmtiltuooaesarnfDidbgtsDeDnawditiDnTfiioittcThonatson.int DDTIndimdanmomt ainlitaenrascytstwemiths,DreNpAortaenddsdtuiddinesotarperondeugcaetivuensocrhemdaurlegdinaDllNy Apossyitnivthe.esis in
57-20 DDT ccMra1uhac2gtclr5t-/oo0ukmum)ra.Lneno/dtg2ssIao4nhrfmouhotremorhema(ac1nebVo9lesl9f7rsti6r9btao)rr.tCfoeiobahtBnhltiaesnoesdtetahstswnoeoxdcitrihhch8ariit-monpyamz,srpataoae'tg-tstr,DuoricmambDenueloTiltnuebelsdairentef,etoao1,ork0rwsDtea/haDcranghdTmd/nmmiswecLtuxaea/crlt2sah4DhtiaineohnDepnrgfT.asef.tesoTc(c1wtEhiy9vexet9reep9espo)in,.so(pu1b'ir-0snie7esdor7wuvm,caeie1dsnr9g34in60, or 35 dwdoetrmtrnmmuraereiouefeigusrabpsmcifual/ltgueoeekylaltbshyrM.rltgmtesetestiso,eot)pnarteTodnwfreEcnaiohkrsennitmpc1.mfaecdd0oswerauiatnyaITmealtdctanfaneoiishelepdnniidwimgSctlms1ahtew(aeea0icnn3eotntnel0ihtr4essskdgserartsr2mwLaooa8prsfpmtmdtpoeg)eemir(es/rreroi9ookurcnerens9negelf1mntot8peog0stomdadm)aoui.vnfawcotrnafaeoiadmtolBclDenlecuyeeuedyi-afasdnktnoetbferayaeoiusdtdenkpt3hnrnrhsdceatnrcdtetaa2taahoosrlduategpatDdnmishtse6soneeahiisDanridggiyn.anwntmsnsegTlicsaeisilaTiofrteatenitieierpshcknoniarisaneibpsgjae1ssnredtooyde5shactduwn,nitfeiscottideteanDatwoeesdosem.dreamonmt3srirhotep0daeIi5kreoxnnrfoi0pplimnrfamn-e(nhocomnc1cug1toowirst9ton/0mgulneek4o5a/ladrctgmbke7gnrsee/teo)ygaed.tlhairlrnsalsaaodliteyenoOnl1foaettdf3mehsxrfotto0erfaahahdiEfreslmtcleeeemdhpeacdo5miuesnsdtgnofe(sctsu/ude0seemkttimedati.iiemgo0annsyipcbnn1ts2phooio.eeiI1olsrfnCriafmtneininthroRscoi1gatovrartl/0sf/i.uaghelH.n0alse(Dfab9tTo9eDhdr8Tey) lfgmsaseeipnigtmvaedhnetraaeinmfoPdlliebcaaaasawsltsmenosshiritgtaenavhlyeyrvgenidlmienheentsgiasgiolirsahegoralsaen.natrsline(g.f1ddiiicvno9oTaerf4snenth5ehtmte)aetoralohrefdrtweerevpw1aees0odaasar0rttssemateeaemdgaeddeegsfgii/wtpfimrkaneoegtcdpuia.tmslospkatsianNceoclptaenoosoolmlsWyfassipptifDgisiteavsienrgrtDeriamenfrTdiemicaffiartfawcKoaentatgciitrnstnteahtsegnutfrecisufdnesoeesuaiccnsitrrent;teisetrgndafogwaesplwtlsee.,aw.pirlit(e'enh3-weD3fktaD8oDhs1u3DetT)naTwgpdsiertinutboinhwdypaiaomfegsdredatmaoivlmoeaansglienesoafnt 573.13 Teratogenicity, Embryotoxicity and Reproductive Effects itworoAopaDuteed,,asftdecppDsemrihpd2r''aga-T-8neiiichDmDDtnnc%tiitcieitorDDeDvsiaent,ivtignTeTlsTtraewyrilalgldysiythorhrmw.ceip,erioaoascaqmand6sghstruieeWena,abihtncctrmoDaeruhoeetelhmarldnetDaacnenhetihfpecTdtotnrfaoroaeuueseelrr,oomgpmtpceruDrhtad'ona-bahsuirDoiellesse.wttesdt,orheTepai(midirtt1n'onth-aiaoi9esjfDettnnetr8soticcmD..m9cdhertae)aeiaTeleoxSTelctmaalfnhvaiysosocnom.arieuuabgsfbtderuainiilogAsetoeelsdutxinsneaaeetytiidsnbrsptefsliohitaatrlmcrirafasdsiisaonnopeitihnlusgogejeaiateatelecrgw,ecnwcnninwrttehidiiiieisisciciovfneoptt.iintchsectpahwoesyaicrTneng.rnetoorojleshitipyevgfisfTedocciepiht5ntpo,rehyetepi0ctgr,ocespir'ebeitent-nme'dnryDms-atoDogovsD4iwfgin/fenoiD9keveTail%nmg1loaTironivkaiucwooisatcnamrtsfriaaahnancicuw5cpeeldgtduttstuiaiyyvemoduo4rispdinseitn3togfeie2y%ci/fvreae..koa5oilindgln,veffvoemeitoansewgfttccr/ihrekooentgngaiesconeaf,l
DDT 57-21 wmhgi/lkegt(h1e98m0i)n.imum dose causing induction of ornithine decarboxylase activity was 5 w2Laeoopataeeoeuat(eahsnxtst0ct,nnateicptthsptetped0tyorrhoihatr'epoootidu-vLecnsibrhmDrAnsmunrsiei3iuogueanclce(Dgliexta'atrton1aosm/efethitnekTholv9fnerdmidcogdgoe8riif.dDoetsuu/sant2tewldt,soitfamtoglD,o)lseiLaesfiintghtpxftt.lyphTfoaoaeeyhyouaaoiesmtevoro,tafurTrotopodduh(,tnelseanrpneanfh'loeirds-lardbons'ogeleeoD*dtuttorrd-rehhneipDaacgttrDorenneayehueftiyVoaDnneovsitnTbawt,uo.mrouiesTtev4sntadainrtreneaa1trftshiIttekotgetcifiehyttooxunroftmliap.heuoneuhnrea(ldorep2d1aestarsilaerbe3soaM3oollo9inyotdesnainrg7fetestdthnegastsddeo8silreshvrailaeotntsa)mpedwpermohdttrtfoaelui)aeswra)eeoonufar,rlsetplattnpaiegmecg,.sopoefkrtdtohiieernohavonatenetT5reihnedegtshtslbssat0oonsotadhuheietrt(0gwrbeotcdoeer1ott0eafrtdsfswoeh9whmgf.niaber1etgve6seeewialhsvsgceentc6ndesefuarm/nete.s)efsknate.lbcerifrapoigtgcfceemesstmtmiIfprelicfetnellooeairisumtaqisaecnoicitscnf,ynugldbtyaoiteefsfnoaiauedicntventsnnfim,tdhririrhtifpqfoecntdtaeiioeeaadyluclu'tsot-ucyuintasuamsDao4ftidisntnemlnnstiocteaDpptddnhhge,o,oluocjeipoeTpinnmueblbbaobncwiyotcstnrmeyrehearclhlt(eehardycoioeynledpesatbteaacndslpyisolassi5ymvutig,tie.ariurtseitsisc-raonhiiothpmuxtelsoiitrenaTecenopobsurdarilrvnohctwi(mtboaeostua1useitiyvxhnhisfwerrsm9tssapeoteiidast8niwceerorpaoknto1hsoninhmxitasetenen)frmtoeuiscs.oaocamwed,milunvewltfisaahefaindsGtbeetnslfrlgetoyedfae,ieornt)ldcbhlraeiotouaolrsafnttltt Pooitnhn,rpeebi'wm-roDEedimcaxDyenpoTwiotanhsenguedidrgareshierlxtyahpttoaaodsdn.suDudrbriTDneeinhgeToentpfhtrohgenesirpevtownoreuaonnegtidaghafutholacmutldtsriaavmoytewesafrelcent1eahakprtellaoayctmtsie2dtis5yltotkoseoceshamfsauamisosnlkefdibdc5feevr0eseotwnnammattfrisgosad/tufklaiocnmgpaudlrsndloydutisonrtsitajinhoegtgceanbtvielf(eeadi1cc9ilatwma6an6sitptt)tii.haonaingrl5tee0(edr1fa9mfwte6igcho5tne)so.nsf oolgfmeStrpmieemreneitrmrmggtapseeab//tlmegkikrlaatrlyaeTagogltyatsseri/ghoteoodtil(uezatydenona1onert,rfy9,iexifedoghi9csinb(oencpad1diusessdr)eurtaef.dtilaafnninsrmavetbs.agdoyiEcetbtooartimie(nMrf2otyt1eivps8(an,sb9t,1ii.hltodrci6i9dnonctyede26olaocooano)3xlrgstt.yclg)oeeiiys.ecivsasxcpAes4isteconeeFi,chgfdcfhsafaa5nidieba5tfn,nircoifnr0degetiD6sogcsdsle,emaoeDf)seeiansrntgdTtnwpoto/iodtknafmetdisLigorosee17itexnccho(tioerm3tceern.aeof2riegarneap0d2/rsdfNkt6oga5aefoge)ryosobdgctsmnbeeoaeitaainncdsd7gftddrsi,/mckdhpe.fst8eaogiai,attp,nasTviatenoi'coae-lshdardnDndtewuebadoryDriasleenseeee9eiTdptoddgnsrbseeheaoiotas1crgtusafenstranetiermegnleeidvasafdergngienissaicw/nddndetkyaaaeeogsgnftiarfst/ntigedeefe1ortsrsra0bnatolog,yihllmosgwiacevi1hfsoontae2thtrffgu1onDgeltasiDrabenoDten(tonuxdcD1idoTlirt9ic5rwTet6,1n0yaae47osti)oge.o2fh.fit5ns
57-22 DDT
deDdmtrrarhaefenoiDfgsppetgdeee/rrskTcaseoo.wMgtsfddoefaaouuuepIfstnncl(ccrta1ttdltoieii,agfidvvwvecse5eeurceosna,tcoilnseeidxseonlsfr-iidrtntftsgaariyetosentuia,c1inctuotr0hgtessenbpiierlogdmaairwsagnhnolttghaeagic/orotartfkeretinsefsegoerps/rnet2rrdisshdn,0oetiatvueup0dhvyetdcouiew.tatpyr(acibo1ptsotioeAlii9emnlvdgcf5ifetoeo9ylimbinnenl),nsl.vuetdiolcluertatwaeladhgcdcetirtoetfiiedaadeonefstetdneibi2rohrosgye5ananaepo0,tvsndiofpaeoomerinoneSrrtbdtngapaesa/(ttrkurse1aiayousgrn9ngivnr6gelucvisce1nvoaieovv)auiou-.fenalDsis.fllcdeaadaOudoiwAnnmocfttgltatpes2eodsiyoud5bnhimeftoicretagimrnaanedthetrigisoaygm/fr(knsrefa1eglio)netce9.,mdeeeov6r,tef0Nohatwlr)eftreoacioeirfotnhfafeosangnn,utst1wiianaa,cn0lianadi0glbtsldiuenantsoto
573.1.4 Other Toxicologic FJfart
573.1.4.1 Short-term Toxicity
vcIrnoeenpnstevorauDimtclesDueidloTasndrpsao.efcsicbteisDesrsieplc,lara.aDitntmhiDoapnfrTrriool(y2sdme0uon0cnDs0ei)Dtt.ihhzTyeepspceertohneisxetorcanihtlieanabngrieltriitsvtyoo,uutsesrupeasimnyllseyotpretshmh,re.aintraeSexisainuangl,tdleaontlfhdaerrsegeepsepialdiernopaismtteoifsaroylrsomradrireesftr.om
saeimr(nu5forfats9euerxc)tcaei.seAmtvyp,semtfuTtnitahbmephoprieteulpoilstodeemoyravoraa-resatdfl,loerlmeadiLaaenidenncDmaiiduanst^ibhttnserto1iiaosmui8pttnctiroeoctai3unrostra0rioeot2isnsqsnm4,iui,nanriihnpgrtarheaupbdbbertb(eyroo2isetfxu0s.oti,0thirms0eaA2ap)na4.ntooderiiltlmsaaTyomoltahen57olrneis2nonrtmkuegthpheitnreayeaa..rrsrtbeieosaTuSudmrstihiregmawevonr8ifishvkll7aaeese,ort,endef2vrnf5egseoptr0picrova,oepielascveanoierhnevnriodsbaoiunyrcdd2riogesi0tmafth0rfyfbeepteeermaolrfieecfnognthetr/sckrlepeayagesv,tcaoeiinnxnedioscus 4ripa(rn2ae1last0s,spyop0aslre0(unocr)atdtp.oiioyvur5nleFote5ellonyeirnemu(inn4egvgsx7/lekpyia)gtg;cemseo,cttpiltahrfolieboeexesrl,dipeci)Cneim:toctylriita.nlia2yvevo4terIoer0lnanynlaomg(aonue1gniisnlm9/d.ke9Lagr1ClDa)ill.fnj,aoaSytDTotfoltDhoihnvreaTen(rv1oaaew2tiphsl),hp,icree4rleanea2prb0soigbnrimitvttowseg,tn/hbhkaieegicnnhdmfinosDmoollcrmoDooewneTmiktnopeixgosyeitisclLar,odawDalrmeh^neuiesdnm4ni7i9sn,tg4feri03Wrva0eecmdinsttitgooaa/nrksg
dparrtinoeederxcalgoiaripcrpctehaoiDoavedesrseDdefatelfi.tydeoTtiivcnsgLpteasirssrueleeoseiarntsftetoeziettiDnyarhntcmihDenr(iyee2eneTsa0dafs0atr(ieh0tps2ese)r0cr.se0roedtfaR0atneipa,errat1iivteedtn9ennslde9dyttd1weiac)aooi.larttrflhetyfatiihfhlrisaniseotgrtshshgfeaeaeetnortoDxadrdimgDcItoaithotTssnyueesnsnr.id,netustmbAeeteonhofcfrttteaoieeoDurfnaagsDretnrieaTnitpdishneuoiemcanatrthloreletyeabadhrtsieuelediitnrziooiestnsifsfdleau.esttaeh,xsmcCesDrtaaoeeaDnynatcdiTdvtosieyuvnoriifrsntsfgiyeetsaalryont,efs
is is
DDT 57-23
wdbcoieaontttoevrxrIeainrnfstisocemfadlouatribmtmoolnmeaatampiolassenl,tith,gaiwhnbbtcauolylteuixtdiiessti,envsngDtitoaDmrtdeoAadencD,ahinDnDloddEDreif,inTisnwaritihtaiseoipclmnyihdeltiydntoaoebaDexodscDliripnzDeooetsd,teedwubthniyinsidcstteuhowregotsiosh.perfaTeutuarhhrdtweihinlaeyemyrsda(.2ejog0rIr0ta0di)s.ed
to
a
vmtapahanl,topardhdti'-ooe5iTauusr0toshga%mhwteienehattrmeihec.cfreuohfvertIcaetcpnaolts,lstnpiortca'axya-efti,Dntnsced,witDrtrayhtaTndhetoorieoocfsearniacntausoseglsnc.eoohdcd,fneopAnbiss'c-etioaDmrdtlaahDoittlDsaiTocer1Don5omeaT0fiftnpfme3taohct0pughte0p/nsek0edsga(abs1mrmro9siagnf9ei/t1nkoptd)gh,.wpobeos'ae-efsbDdrod5Dua,ipideTtn'o-naDwcl9oameDturtosTicemseatdauceebasssxeuoegcusvlereutefedsrfateiehtvmceeeterilsfly,sdftaehtmctaootnesthaet
wwcgalcsecAshl6aeieolhfrni0geedossnfvarai0srnternmmdendineecsnriupmTctigaiglonsasoortelehgyiselicobgfll5sw/eeonyisskthnlincn.ereoesngsaabarvresui,tdbuvgtsieeucoAnnibonecsooxlecaedsduoasnnieptitddcbtymohddiaootslonsestoetnoetfsohsfi(erewoood1haemmav2noc9ceeocea0crpdtoasu5cdfipuw0reodo8mtvoprer4esm)eaemra.eaef0arrbeiDtpsr0nenygcudooeadI/lDt(urnnkomhnnve1eittnsgTninyyt9.goehaip2ss5/cltrdteaekieep8hWegnldrhngiso)lsnesbrei.rtuithsepcreisdiltzaseoaaottrtroIeuprwtenfnnuoensletfdroag,ms.ieemennaeyrnreWmsiodgeseonnAe.drisddrauivssaslsoos,r4frelitBir.isnskmaonanteeiaeagerthnneeinotdFnlssdegowarixtidsotm.mhafrhiretcuctrtiey5ae6oisrieomoBlmt,pnln0afsuyhofeee0vrsaogerrt-5fodudrhcwc.tamu1isluhstoetase0nsireutgidAnxie0oohdirn/rndbnkrnmteas5gumagsaten.7tith2.l5wnahiga.wime5dd/thseatkaah5ooaon5gehntse5-slldatxhrsdete7hadc,htrns.e3tdho5bsceihnoamyrhslolueohodbahdemdoriurnnrseunoys,poerdpigtr.ticariasffioa,,mwnvifttrxncetTpha5gaaiuieorent0,cetlhrlpehnyif%tdioderti.'ssov-acrnoii,uuDtsgetmhTosdlttrmnpDsoeheeifshiaserofmeo1Tcerntirwn0ehhtiosysfohs0seeiareirndersrosit.egtrofe
oTeatwdaiDmnamrtvfgneoiaatDglaocpreysia/riinpkoarTlndde.Tseaingaarihtds(ditr(mnslsd3uee0aseicis7itte,ovidindetttnn5enel2aie8thadttin5lan.)ohea,wgbvsctev7(wote5ohr3eaeaxl0einhe7dnepdla,nau.1oacd-dasnytotm8(enihrdtsdr3)tceibraee7tcesaosermfh1n1tfftreu0seeoet8eDophgde0ctd)onoroDlhtafarsmcd27tdTtotfkp4reeregfon,emdanaed/sgsokcsatcbiopriserntgyytvuinedohsgvettt4sbrna.enhet8letoitsnarehtqedaatpTthtausevyidnthrrtohrieoiiuedrdndoweiDiaemwudrrdfertorDatatbieithreengfsnotenTesrahocgrsppdatetuttaold)romtrslatsnaahiteofodbdssafisaeinutypekvtnweinilmanee1nrtgoooes0cgatemastrtfar-nvhievesddvaaaatteioameigonfglidisenf(ndireeieadm2nieancFvfao03sitntiaoosgichps-lscttiseartshoeecdeehnerrnhsacrneeatiiwsenegnlmpoveyricnchgrrtno-eeeeii3etaiafionrDsdrnv4infreprcatafi4dDpaenteonttwrsncohgnorTicsptritaaesietelotglDtethydehsnenaldpDsaatsinatgft)obedethfiii;Tireysmcfnvoin,eaalrgoeseacDcinebndematlpittisuDe.rneloomlspytnnweTl.f,eiIaatepn1e.-nirdUoc0'grRt-nil0newpatiiaemntpotsegsatblsyl
57-24 DDT wDaDsTimapnadirteedstienda4n8imharlslattrearin(e3d75274) hr after treatment with 95 mg/kg body weight of cdpobrayarumouttnrstsoieiintctns2Kyhoho1)tiirotnrtogfcaaeamihnn2vtdeds2eenftenehc4Poraear2-arhn42sobrd51e,to70hp6Bxa5e6ryccrri,tlomooainvrw1dsgit3eo/tntek2ysona,ge(tc(s3soitb.an3iwrvocd6aidrT1t2isicyy9fh)a,i5scewtrioeigemversnpieadggiohmif/hdorikecettfpgaenawndlpobittvaetioltceyrrhdcraeagyaimndtlunuwcaesottrtmewetaeeitraoagsshsisighggiedetomnnd)on.iigseffe(iieiav2ccTsscaae8uohnnno%rnettfelot)dyDeprhnai,eaNinpltnpfl'yAf-aroemDtarc(itdtDcciscesaoeedTmgmmr.iutiva(crme9gorene9oail,sta6eopvlcd6amlehunhaasmwiin%nlciggetl/heek)sg,tino ethnezysmLamoewse. deAfofseescistnog(l1fe9d9oi1erta)a.lrdyoDseDoTf f1orm1g/ktog 2DwDeTekosr c0a.u5semdg/ikngd/duactyiofnoro1f4livdearysmciacurosesodmal dr3eipmtnraxaeetobdpyromnbaioxosyikoFsitdhsec,eresoadsywa(wt1owistoe2cfhDohdna)o0.it,Dlcw.em1hoaTve3rnidellddlaiamsnsndhttggooreea/ufedLalsmiatnaihgftDpoeoinsoraprDssnro.3pTocosixcfgtdSuiu(maiiNrexdnyraxietseeotop.odestxoclhiysiAhacedeaafrld1tltve0ireo)rr0taano0tbo4t.ssne-lp1eeespSv0nxdumieparxelcyvosxowrispvoan1e/eotdvfdsdasu0u.nioecn.rdnx2teNep,as0dtoi0oh.r.(s43e1eifld2om"lsa)rSee.gncecf2/odvoLfnAeenh0rccfodra.utt4nsler5ddrrswadaepmitaynelewyyrtcgeleoi/yxse2Lhs,ps7,o"oee-an7ehwronirreetfhhhdnerieaenx/csdnsepuiaifadgomisyrnssausftlorsoref 2dan5is0pLetTDroshme3ed0o.d0fe0rI1nmm,0arg0la/0kt,ts0go,0xD(0i1cDi9mt9yTg1/o)kp.fgo.DwDdTeThreoisdregrarmesaautlslypLedDnesWpioeonnfdiDnenDwt Taotneirnthhaeansvobeihleeiscnolelurteinipoonwrhtreiadcnhgteoits hifsarvoem pureDDDDTThdaisssnoolvtebdeeinnpsuhroiwfiendtokecraousseeneoctueslaterddaomn argaebbtiot aeyneims ahlas.d nAo4e%ffescotlu(1ti9o)n. of 573.1.43 Chronic Tooddty liverIanndankimidanlseygsiv(e1n7).repeated doses of DDT, pathological lesions are seen in the claCaeonnvondneitlncastHecihnnraiesietsntraaogalsnpoetiwi6amoit0nnha0asolslslitoovo5hfgear8ip4cd0p0w0mc0mehipopagfpdnphomremgt.re4asDotSerwtDoolyemaTr6bseeoefmovvoareebonrnsi2pemetrhryatovsreldesea(dumr1hcs9oa,ien9rddts1ht,t)aher.pnreeaemWarliwtobvihrcnaesueros.lnsraamroTnrlafayrltielrnsdymacuwtrohsreeriiganershsxegewpftmoeiehnrsdoeeerdktaeraiadatldriorntlieyyeeldytyrmieawstoteaeeneritngyahhnsatd.,t
DDT 57-25 a2b00ovpep. mAbtu1t0m0 opdpemrattehelriveewr edraemsaliggehtwiansdsiceaetnioants coofnlcievnertrdataimonasgeof(1220)0. ppm and pAphtarsppyepmmdDaeetrIDcmoonarffTceetanadDivistisnDieettttuyTaaBi,dnrk,yyybeadowctnwodeoedscyanaehsdk8gtnru%ceie2occmr6tnaeeo,ltod-sifg9rnus0rufbl,tae%yeemdaddenN,aodilCppnfe,rsIapteah'r(sh-2euedDu0cmenfeD0ceaci5rmvThbe)ile,naayedlgsfexeedsham3u,ipi1nbea4p5i0letnte%epaoedprOuaamroCsncobfccNtsuooemhSmmxosaitucewslatie-ltreiaMsymtdti,irneuoesbngnlicaugdetatnoeiitvoslftinhwnroDeagefcDtehssn8kiaTg4errun0e5airscncoetotoriteftvoerhiax1inezpi0gcep0bidt0e6oya3db.r0yye.d ofgDeinexbrDmdahsideiTacbreMal.ivetteDeadhndRlDeaeoiutTmnsahrs,nsaoi9tdtcte0eoor%htfxnseaitamcmraloe.iassncftil(eigeec3nirnov6gsSsni0nyt1a7dgrrr)0uioaeDrlrntiemonDfpgegoT7omor5rtl.eadh%teleeerdnsepcstoh,aihpsunata'ramd-tsDnesa6tDtm4eot%rToyfsltoabrroinoeedfdctaohectsmi2oivsa0niec%ntonurgtfotelo1t(h,30mpae60n'a0-0dlDl1ievp)cDse.phrTwmr,To,aknshofiiodefcrrsnedetedlioyieurfx,teeciascaeruddnyelidtdftstfoeeanccdo2htr4tsne%inocaafllis-n ctdl(eo1yos9tssoD9ap1fgMDol)ear.EoslmnpeTksveiihcerenyiilcossisne.dlcdsanlNceuookvsofieDoolulonifDpvpsetEorttlhoxivwcaice7htair.at5saynhrdygiemseeetasatcoeryhpocsaa.tcbrecteahduOcordtilrneunoereegditsyohttiiofenocnstfomilhaxyfteoacwnoihnknifilteamohtybrhasiieenllxsisfatpeeytfdoeeaodsdndufiihr5memey0tadao0trlrn0osyokcp(rela1epeyr9lvmsab9eto1tliosdnv,2eeoc0lpvyof0eon1l2ihosv)0io.peg0nrehtidpnpDgtmhDeTor ccathaonelmicmispfMaailclemsiatldetegioilavtnaobebnsoomerrnroaecsdtpleoiegerroahiaeftttseekbd(irm2dod0nwoo0ersn0ype)sh.epofiofglfeomcgDteiscnDathlTaatc.sihobanTnehoegenfessetrhheiepanvoccerloutnebdvdeeoelifnnuattreotyedtphdoeteurrgbteesudtnluaedirrniaeetstpihoicetnho,nkenldiideuuncmcretoy,essdbisou,inft a 18 toN2o4-efmfeocntt-hlesvealnsdw3h0icphpmhavdeiebteienndroegpsoertxepdosaerde:for12a.5ppeprimoddoieft 1in5.7ramtsoenxthpsos(e1d2)f.or 5732. Human and Epidemiologic Studies 57.3.2.1 Short-term Toxicologic Effects oleobhaacufercrargtulndheireSiaernsdicetgghomdnsesosyoe,ormuonfotappflhrytrtiDiogacabmuksDnyeldilTnoainaltgfonepgwpdesoaesoietssndiriosose6onaplnanita.hnyiirorngetnIgdano)infivftsageomntermhhndayeaienptrtisrefnaamaerlgcrm,e.aeesslotlyhwsrHmiedmhuosopiimifcsatleahota.rmh(niie.stseIop.nfeo,ooxtcialahtcslrbcoouoeunwnsrmtoeieenraidtomsgiebexbasshspoly,ealooyrscpsnvouiabennrrdaecfeeseurssines,tn3hai0orrseaeneesnmcdi,paiomoimvnsr(eeauatirn.leltesyadse..iis,tsiitseTvao,ifhtthyeea)rvae
57-26 DDT wuseueakllyofcommoprleet(e19o9r1,w20el0l1a).dvanced in 24 hr. In severe cases, recovery may take a odmlaoAcaoccfotgccnsts6/uueaviknrrrTgugmargelhcetslhgeaeidea/oalsksyndvehfgresohublesipmeeoqbgearchueadodcoeendueannfttursotoercl1rtry2ee0aami.d0dmkl.miemnmLpGngeeWDge/edrkwd/nsWkghieip(agter2ihhptrna0eamoral0slouttvyi0ihdgtobo,)huenm.efstca,emdiet.nbtha.doai.enl.esle.laaig.restl.gdlt.earn.siesa.kmo.eudc.ews.lhoan.tst.a;tseh.e.eswia.hnds.at.io1ntdswt6thdoohiodemmenuvbnaegetaeru/omkes,tsafugeopdfbpaeupoojrcnrsreiotneotcdsgxtaausorinamccendbtseaueauthdtaeitelmlriolllgnn,yysahoeecn2rsso.asev5n,stao0avsIamtiunhlmnhtlieosthirgigidsoano/hekrungceggsiaanohscn(r1ant2a9sho8e9edt5s1,o)s.ae vsNhoeaIlhsOuitcbSUiloeHennecnosco,rimrtbseeupypstmloifcriopnatutetordmemddoisnesDtawdDtcehearTstseaeiaplsrf.oetteiphsrDooeresntuasieynitdchmgid(phha1taal9oss9min1bbsg)ee.eweesnnteirocfenaatpuaorslfeedidDnomDmsooTimnraebenuftcrtlayensqetouhseodnbsetuetltyaoinlbfsoytnahDseeDtosoTfoldtvhoesenest,e. srtkpalenoicpgiohshowoytrHcnntjaeeianrdpwudgahnic,taaedi,actsishceaaeseni.ntrdadicpsI"apnciriarendrrateihdrsagrieocuaedmlceaaerraimnrfhthsveepeyonraetlhvrc4wmtieemhtaisoaoceotn5miifontnidglgaa"aehrbystehotserabmdaaventeeo5dnar0bty0lipeao0eoasnnsntetesiodidmnbo6laifetn0lreso0cdom0a(n5uilmn93sy,eg1sat9ooo(9msaf1m4bed)o.adeculaalattyshpse7.os1ir.ntPtiooaaItnlcp8ui6iostteafnmttoioght/neksg,), RbCDDiooDoDanlToAnvTgeihir(wcs1seii9tehohk9lani4imlnaf)o-e.ilnfbtiifaicDDeotselDDoodofgTTfifacrDbtiosohoDmausDTtltfot-Dhr8liieneEfdyebehioaoiusnrdfmsvyf.aeaabrnttyhosaurstohtluoaa1wsgbh,yobeuoeratceercnd.tuuerencDrxtiittnDoeigmnnEseaitsvtoisetalDheylreDiasmtctDueiondnoaaicetfnededn2dt0bcr%myoantoMivoroeevonrressgrolioaof3wnninlyyatteonaawdkriest..h a wWehreeDnaepsrmpmlaiaellldpetxaopdostshiuemrepinrtneoegrnDasDtuerdTfawhceiatshonfeoittthheberefeopnroewaarsdmseor,ceinadoteDdefDfweTictthosrawn5ey0r%eillsnDeeesDnsTo(2rs0oi0rl0ur)itt.iaotnion. 0cPo.u0nr1te%aDmD,DiDcnTaaTuthisodaendisssnonoofolvttedhbdieesceienonymepdfueobrmryitfoipeonodrswtrkidraeretriretosdastceitonoonne.,thaawiOvnheicincuaghlasDrweaDlierscrTitttieav(st1eti9eot)dno. xhiinacsaeffcfoeollcnotcweoenndtrtahteioneyoe.f
DDT 57-27 57-3.2.2 Chronic Toxicologic Effects nDuDmTbKehoracovlefinsbimceaealnlls-ysccnoadnlrdeoumscttueeddoi.efschinrvoonlivcinDgDcoTntirnotollxeidcaetxiopnosiusrreecoofgvnoizluednteinerms aton t(e1c7h)n. icAal wTgsmpyiehevmorreeneprnptHethecoDsarowmsynDwoaesdnsseTuornecrdeottoaresoiaadhlcbylll.o.lsiywnef(.oriI1ecnvr9daIe5lnpads0eei,stgrvfheoin1iocedrs9doe5fnasoni1nrdfcr)seatiasclnltdsoonugtdnfueidnidsdtyasgiuy,doc,ivnu2ntea54per1ldasvtn2eovoty5wole.u1l5ofoun8ffentmcecmttheetohrsoreneosnrtinshtnpihisnhcrs,agye.neesacxiysnecNtpidaivoonolefs6gndouterwrht0heecle,aeors3vbmets.oou5aplrfd,muoalianolteeloitrsonerdweeyw3odre5isstdtee.homssfftvgosfaoroontlruh5yfan2Dytt1ee.Da5errTss. dgoifevtehenceItmneodaraatnolnoloodthgoaiescbernsasontorudfmdtyabelicirothecienphsioe.cmratleicdDalbDytTesMtasot rc1go0anndouracn2tde0dRmbogea/fdnoary(e1,f9od9ru4r8)i,1nfgot,ouarn18dv3oadlfutaenyrtse.eexrApsowsbuaertrteeery b0mi3loirntutDohbsiD3n.wT0lietmhvhaeglsn/skobgien/edevapniydauteoisnefencdpets,opown'f-iDtaahdDnvjTeeaxrusphneaedrveiicefmefebedcentuetsanel(1tabo9da4mls9iivsi)ne.irinstceairrnerdhaotfstoiesrm. ppDetroitoosdesdseorcafrneugapisnegtosfer7roumm 0selcpDpaienixo.blogs2Dacpnepni7lnortouTiu5taGrnRsdslaceascesjatt.dtitahdinbigownood/egnWtmniwilinlrstlryoheoLheccudtcho,ehoeDptnnimelatsg,yDtinhrgtp8dadhTeoenl.ai8.xrleri,r0%fpyee(gi.tct1co0dhrhtsa9s3oalteieny5tununydot4dpe)ttfi.lxtghtehoehpos/deuvamueCotenDgLsitlodncehsig,DrnoddeerorntsiTeher1fttlgsse.eyra0rppDcdomtooteclHulDstnpcoyth.phtndhoTie,eavwtoiTnrxtectfieogphlynrhevyleoteex.ebeqrtssprshleeuuf,oordebeooswefnjufdiqbegavcrucl3rseyoeptoe3solaunoo,atdwpcoffsso.ym,iortcgDhrahaonWkinerDnfiedoflhesriTam2cuvseb2a5enba.emni2ltjnrswtie%atrdchwyoa3itnertsaeiicskcpnobreareelneeauexrarwsnassp0restowgoa.sie9rnestac9kienioihsn3dnetenrhrr1osdspceia2mnihlw%grwsdra/eaamoiectrmsmirtieLdnecena,tottliyhtdeto dpDptheoaDerwrmtTdciOcaoellrmmecsscra,puoyaopaurunabtenedteisdco.sahnpriiasrrgIlnaihseyoedssixnopptamooorsoeosetumrhtclroeyeaeosapoetbholscascarwoDurgrypheDbnaeexTtntdoioatinn(rsh2aede0aal0clepmshv0iate)oru.ntsthatticuteielaoexllsnoclyswlou,efssbrwiivunaretslelleystochpwttieihrecardiedtof.oaufrelgyDchdteturrtissahmtcsemat,,lriwnteehseixmpteptiaaroilanbstuhlboeraerelcyeadtauonsed etoxaDmEDinaTarltyioorsntstuhdoeifiers4f0oofrwmwouroklraektreisor,nsase.llxpoOofrswteedhleotemo(D1w9De5rT6e) edcxiadprorniseoedtdroteuovteDacllDinaTinc.yalSilalonnmdeseslawabteotrrreaibtaoulrtsyaoble
57-28 DDT yewn4aexes2ootafpriermmoakwsbs.egaenr/ctdmsoeTadrsaathmeonletss/aoodoloaaitbtvffhyioeee.emursran1iUwgnd7pe.opee5rnrsoateontmeiocyfeiocoedf1ouufe8menanscnt.dmpstdslgTetos/hitmfhkniaoieDtanntnhcDmiooor(Teusfr1neli9ndtaa5ehebt5mbuais)odero.pnorla.hblooteeytgAadreivicdnbwyoue1ettex1rhexaedepmtrooetissonsut1taiur9mDtdeioDyayntetToeaosdrfDsae.ontxDocdpcDTorulsaiapuvfinaloerygrtreei.oi0fnnuf.rtT4anaolhckmlttyeoeiroee1w6nx4.a5wptstoeeossrteesd, sbktfcs3sbcpa(Hheppdhlo-ybenriwyerrenionteoefaeaawswctifuepacliryyeemTntetearormmrdhreidhlaloettiesnseeiynhnneOef.tannnmulgrttxlechilroedaaaxoweIbgdeesmynrntenuaacieegs.fbtottcnirspfetrinhreeiemhwseotzarbTtrthrelaweete7peeiweitslrso.ntaoeefais5teewdionruecnetrtnni,inedhdssetbootwstoaeayydrnoweentieewisnxxso1cxmerwkouape5pfraeeifrmrmDeoemetrotvennhsrt,iDeiceemihminodncpynswdDTeatluiaaehoicteodgsptcDtegicarisofhoeraroolpehTrnantotnnireieiosllufgtot,aaltx.isfhrnprhranylaesoeeesmnem2oarmoTlmn.srud7lmreselihg9moyednnetTecrtehrsxaheoseshaiiatlmpruasrnxneinemeiwretoppvgibaqsnnB.beeniottuyenuholrhrssllsmboiefreealoIeraadwosndzsie(ienrnpdie1tlnelqebewegrI9radsnuuyoeale5eottemsdrnexfa3srveatonidnpxk)oaenetlh.tiohodeo,nlataItdrsegiee)ntodcesaexiuhddacfdwcnmawreorlaiodmaDoaeslonafcb.slternsioDataucl-onrsogrmrhrmIcoaTtteioennaroisltoldmseniatnadro6i.dBtngtdeuenweleerderutstIdstahpovi.aonchnzooRentwseigoe1lnlytDios,ced3rnhostmorludpcpoehryyenbremierbfeefcyisrapfesanplat1iye6eurerohgtrl4rmregshddae4emfnityeeyienonathcdmnoerncieWsmntnedehtwttsnhoeheta4,drahss0lted6 wascsLttthmihhonagoernownarieiscrklinseelflTe.uicscr(hsrddta1stueeFyeun9ardiedodtn5seixlueie5gypetrsa)hs.oiohrnaoasefictenfgDitodsthdhtseiotheitedhxmtrrOeoearlbmerriagenDyttlaeeiceiaDlsaptlnNieiugicsTeieIdnsnysOt.ueeaa(msepaSn1d.sTlet9Hei.ro5hqtnNi(la6oeu1o(ek)oyd1ao3ge9;tpy2rfnea9e5lohsa1sp)ueosats)oovnuwtmfrcioddrdeatisueiaevueesandtewnstiiddrooccen,opuneornnosetenyhofwsoelteiieanfhvresrvstixenocdeetcufmalhneceosmrneatsucrsocpbniircennfeedieirncronsDossrgpoioefoneDiginravnnecaTssefinaveotcrnooiduiacatrlciyrlivynnyeltieydnroidcmsgntyaoiDhonsniofhnetrDceftrutDemahtEmrclhsDei.attaemuwnTywndcaoe,soaeinrrermbr(etaska1ul.oteyl2thinrst5aBisIyg0snAo)iww.nRthieItCnhre wcwamlti1ynyam1iompacnt2rhrotecpkcesnedWhheaargeroaesaosedtcwftitsnrhcwhaeufgoisxsoidlnstepreeheoauotsbmaktsoepsaaguedxoeonlemr.pdnrtsdevesgoi(sanae1(srrcd7et9idaaniad4.5atsnc02ilmelotdAu)soeeodoxm4crwiDcpo3ftnapaen1oDg6rsllsdi.oeeTtu1ccu-yyorhc.ocene(oertlersdtenmasaArdetttnoiirriooclgdo)nasaseel,volonps(answrS)=trrtsiuaMoiifs(ogsidse31eunpRyx2.dcs9ie,1ofscdi8c)iantctniho)sidsawv.cetnulhreme1utciarE9bdtmivei.ecuxi0nindaontp)cnigl.rgorosottesnaot1DuiCaeln1isrd(itaD1cecedyslaueTfeiistsonnndsoterdtuiesiantixdfDcvhnyghpyaideDdaourDodusTsiScsunDeaoMka-rlnwTsse3fRpth.a.5awresi7cogcift9NltThoiaoshfrserhoiwwcsrsecorhsrhemec(piierrvgsitraeopoeanowtnriripernfmtiiedaioaocorctualrteaioltstneriioeytns
DDT 57-29 sosoAa(nE3tcsfforrno2sitodomork2enceted1sahgivs)alote.eeftednrolsecoer)dThptc.eenashitwrnosieAmqaefigtt-lnuohi-.csnaetdoio(,laodsn3yfnscbsts2tuc-tira0tsureosi4oaspleo)sftsda,iasfuottrraeiuoticoshwldnosksneoyaamamsr(dlascMchaous1oe,ton.almxa8twwndpi2aputoiehsnelsd(ceilvrucwt-aoehHrlaaidnlennvsahgeieatneaniaonndgroczc=otaeraarrslenepaeg1agspr-a.ssorc0alneoeido4tdcocsendasicttasitrhroroitiaolosreno3tknadlir.ots0sifiohwnto2ou=ofe)ritdo.wthinyfh6neo.Nedes01anxe;n.oM1c-ptdHhrt0oiiiaancosesn(tiucthdrdgtrraDogieeeennwksaDe,gi=setnneeTosdsu1ci--Dcwtnl.ohyh5Danma0rsftaTti.opos4ssk.uthth2Dtinowloe3mldD)aea.3rasTri.s2k). whyitpherGfsaretananslittpi(vo1iits9yo)nrrieneapgcotrfiortoendmo1rloctnhagasetexooptfhoceshrurrcoeonntiocstsiDtuuDpeenTrtfsidcuoiasflttpbhuuentdcitutastitsewpkererorebaatribteilssepaotshnsasoitcbiilatet.wedas a 5733 Levels of Concern dcb0odDD0baa.rra.asa0D0Dngiscisn0l0oakecTyTk22cndegT.4ii4rcirnawshoootgmnrnenTenuoiggdussswnhU/k/.uildLLuandwsmSs,t,dR,ieiEfbptnubrorhiaPteeccseriskaticoArdiipecnannoixeoeesduncnk(pcsnros3ttces6eeoiif5oeucmvm.f55ftotmeef)waellfo1ydginptovsr0e,tttpesh-oait5felroeoelfiovaitcnrcmeelrciceiafrreoafoxiiprsyenenutfcletdrgitosiixe1aeanmeefspm0mqaso0etrwnnumteiie,hnnoaa0lcsayaatgat0saimetmetc0nihrebdnabcoidopogeairrmateehlrnefhgisnofidiasretbcptawhnihteisl6wiio.eakamps.ac5antsmrteoeetoorexgsnoTtbrdphfcnhaoaoaeoeeqbnn1eifns0luidlcey"tclyfcairrdJaito,csliacy.asitnhootte1eryincnor0eoTtetios-fnhc6oanuh,tfrancmhtmeitfr1actea0iaenlapinh~cerntnsc7ttavaiiaiceoocotoeavmrrernenlnreerdseeam(oob,o2faofa0tefi0fb0eoqf.n002.zroaut2t.D14evwca2a4a)r,ecl4Dt.o,oui0lclt0Tmnii.lhff0f.igoe0teeu2ei/trt2nL4liria4nmm,sDt,owoeeaeorDadfanmfntTdeda,rl aser0ten.u3podd4roairpBe(ltmsoaepidswngoe/tdtekaergsfneoo/d9crncya.7oeytanfh)xa'cde1chu1tago0cnser^ttdeo/ujodmudtfghyei/ne0tLwr3.iibanc4oshTtm(ahbhmleeaerangtan/iiikogtnsngnoh/aafdlunliatanvdhyteii)tero'm1nrptwiiucsopkametoeswountdersacsnieysn.rcgiy9fvTa.eb7fchdaoteoxcthrtfoodslOrrrmdiVnDweakr^laDeiigsvnT/eagmadnlw(3sd3ofa(r73fto4ee3mm4r2)8a.us)len.evTiste,hrraeainsslkedstwtuhadesies, wcaericgihInAto-gRoefC-neivc(ii1td2ye5na0cn)edlirsiantsnakdDienDqguTafotirenpecvoaittdeenegntoicraeyl cf2oaBrrcc(isnaurofcgfieincnoiseg.netniecvitiydeinncheuomfaannsi)mianl its
The WHO (666) recommends a level of 1 (ig/L for DDT in drinking water. DmgD/mTO3wSaiHsthAaaT(3Wn5o3Ata9t)fioocrnurDoreDfnpTtlo.ysspiberlemsitksinanab8s-ohrrpttiiomne.-wTehigehtAeCdGaEveHra(g3e00o5f)1almsog/mha3sfosert 1
57-30 DDT 573.4 Hazard Assessment sqataUhtsnuuSaiadamtEliiNaPeDtgaslruADtosimsvupTh(eepe3orc3wiao2si2seueBs8csdsea)sc.arcpsoncamomidIrnsA,ecpionitRiongintvueoCcenognluiefdrc(nd.e1Diisi2cnnuD5iglt0tyTas)mnsiaciitmncnuoednada,lsisnesir,disoamemtahsrna,saedlshvDseaishtmDtbouiwssTedteieecenrcdlsasa,scrnisoscdeiinfogntidhegaodusatg,itcevatanetesnhidcrdeaerfismenBour2loiatsnsDnc.ksiaDmuerTyfTcafsihiln.sceiioneagSonnveovtdnamerercibveaolyialudlosstesfhinfteciheeessiet sTmcmr1yoe9huuspn4etttof5eraalrmD,ietgtci3eeasotandi3tnnrat8iseecgi1nsoi)ctirnn.neoerdnsaDtbufthlar(-liekt1occs0atsteaio7nwnrcp7gitgea,ahirvlride1ilotoaa9yorrt4aem6ocyp,efreeolela1lrDagss2tnateD5todr0rsTdg,eyaiiasnn1sattg9teeremmd6erD6isic)iD(nn.e1(Ta29cid0C-4nuie08nhlq1tt,druhu,ou1rea9m9ect14edeow67dost),imoots3mhoei8dnrxep4ae-il7f,nnbipin)tnr',k-teelDhbaeeedtkuiDthtssmaTrDalgeance(Djaedn1ossrT9osseia9ttixyovy9wcxe)ah(o,i1cslafwe9nctnm4hhgao7eeaapt,rslmae9bawm9isl8eai,rtliieeasn. swm1i9gei6cna6eikfD)i.aceDnasntdTrtorigaasedbnnbvieoictrtssaet(ce1tre9iafv6ftie2toyc,gtes1tnh9iia6nct4,(mc1a19inc99e61r,3)e)r;s.auhtlsotMwaiunneldvtlieogdrneognigt-estriesar(1tmei9mo6neb1fr,fryee1cop9ttrs6oo0xdo,icun1ca9tfine5vrd9et)i.lfsietttyuDodt(Dio1exT9si8cs1ehx,inoh1wi9rbea8idtt2ss,,no vvcermfpaia1saaeofacnr,tfg0nntnilsiemiu/m0utgvvtkcre0hsMeauitagitsp,sasrclly0siuaen(i0lfiis3nnyrl(onr0ta1k9wdounrot23emerdshhnd)3madfiee.eib().nb2g1.stsbrhp/5rI9Tkiangi(0ete5Dlghts1icl8,,va,9eiCrtD,eetoma)cwisnN.dtaTo1-sho3tevn9S,suiir0a5na,ltms0er7(cpheg2i0a,ppaae,tu0uel2hebm0distda0neit0irolren0goeio)gsrtd/x0ag.lyk,meei)tcg.rupghoaeSimtumiyxl(hgybDpi1iasonLsee9oltfererDosr9tafaLema-r1tmxtiDcDh)nepocmt.roDiriitogmaueofan,TNnsnvbDustimkaolimoaolileDix(suolwtyao2liyneyTcsdlc0s,s;kule0reaetppal0eoevrsaycxeo)sfeer,.uunpwamlDtladdodtesoinWsseDanloeredynmrhlsfTdhut,raeraestolxaaurgiunasmotbapeupstantbiposioxsonrhipseninteieaagsnenshd,serndtposaohvdeaibftntwreedneeoeaggDdddeetveeid,DonDnetierDfanhDpTyrmrwbioiDeTcolilaampelcleiT.dtrelpaoeroturr8seitiOaitnosrsf7lecoetielrsdtuwormatsotnmorlhriioooniLra2cnn5hiDsli0lmMital n1u8-m24bLeomrnoogn-ftteharnsmimandadilestfao(1rry2t,1he7xe)p.doosTugrheies t3no0oD-peDpffmeTctirnelestuvheletleddfoierinttfhloievrerr1a5ta.n7isdm1k.o5indtnphepsym(d1ia2nm).tahgeedinietafor lLeDvemlsI,nvafmloulaleonw,haepsdoibbseoyennvinoegmstigtieminnagetreaadnlldytocporbnoevdu2ul5cse0iosnmpsge/rakstgphir(i1gat9hi9eor1n),d. hoesLeaisdvea(rc2h0ae0n,0d)a.nhdeTanrhtaeuihnseuvaomlvaatenmlooewrnatl
DDT 57-31
may result in jaundice, palpitations, tachycardia and "irregular heart action" (59,1991). ep(2yo0ew0dp0Der)er.orsdmOucocacenludtlcaaonirnnotiinarercgfittfDaewtcDiitotTnh(1;hD9ha)D.oswTbeevdeeonre,sr0enp.0oo1tr%taepdspofeloaulrltoiotwonincogafucpsoeunrtierarmDitiaDntaiTotnioinnosrtoislflyetsdhteeimnetiycoeetfhwfeeitchts scotiiafgsnsnDucifeeNDircoDTa(n1Dct(9h1T9rc91oa5a,nr0nci1,cdin91t5oD9o5g5x,De1inc1,Eii9tc1y5l96erw9iv,s4aek1,lss3t12no9a5o4n,ht9deu1)d.m9th5ia2nCen)os,ih.nnbucfumliidtcaettninhnscegerarefoteefpirsocnralotnosncgeee-rvxt,iiedsrptemanorcntiienctugthelhaesarttlicyooDnrrrDeoesTlfpaitlrioisaowtnaordoyofsehsigh qcDohcuDcreuosTmtpOiaopontnosieaooisbnmsotlanueelidncelyeaxgssprie(oeo1pnso9uos)frr.(tec1ehd9tro5ot4nhD)ia.cDt sTTluohpnweegre-oftrienecrliymamloinopthocucrenurcsptklaaoitntneiogank-ntaeedrlrameetxyitpeeisofifswreurcarittsesatamaisossansoyocc(il1iaea9tate5ded5d,twow1i9itth5h3f)a.taOl ne
57.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS gcdarinolenuapndrstrtihsnreaDeogscneeloarsntnsleeaytatcrmaasmomitismpinpvilencmleereoassefcmt;inioesopedlulnldxleecetdchtrosteaafidmaocmsDtneiwpotDHhlaineteTnohlddodainscnf.sbodts4lnoaa0lcrmnaeakdbnpgasotle,yerr.ssaad.ttusoSiophroInyloniilsucaaalaidntdnneaddsblsi,yteowsiaiiolscnan.otdaemntrCsodppaslitawrekhmeteaeedtpidestlramewrrseragiqtestehqhrutiieuoincrduieersl7dedssamdtmbcoaaeoypylpsllceberoosece,lfvtlieqessocpnauntetmaecldolipiotfflyisiiennsadegs Tdsaupi(n6aneoshjm3idtleenle)ucp.gc8EtGtlte0aeeaPdPC8ndAer0tsoxsie)-cwo,tnpaorroipatiltanrouhrptcaomtraaataoonqainvsmgrnueyaiaeseasdsollosfyeslpuucpcvsrhsintsersorprnon,sgooecetasrnmcelamaetdmmaorcxuptoracpmorlmpheeglaseeatsreudsnactirfengopoaetrecnhorrdltediu(citsMnedhieetnu(exepeeGtotcatoErauhtCraonPsaohc)ratdAteleleciyxsoqdosartMu6ilhnsuwi2hedeem5oiat-tslhaflhnieoanqomDngddumuedDisisnd-eaiv8nTt6nhos2eg0,plx5y8aaoaet0l,ltrecin)iqans6il.eefocu2eitlco5oovoctrrefdh(.gno6letaotfht5nrTe)eftiic,lchdhtuEs8eeoes;0rPhcah8DAos(0etMDnex,acpcaTaehernsntninoehoditilsroqrveida8teutxyhtn2steere5t.d6an00ct8 ccfdIltooeolltrwuueommrasMmsinnledincteaehoaltdiloetmusirdoommirnn8pnia0notti8wefeod0dnicthhhttchlahlosaeseriatlibinnpcCeaaurePotpnegbsdelsearltmpeenacpde.nesdntwPiTtchCltiryhidBaceeephssvppwaci(anolCeucugrkPaleedtased)nndldoeaaatn(nt3ddhas4eleyt0pprot5moaic)lriayanaflclatohedccrdlcoeoutlsruhuorimnesariptannesttgieimorwdtenuhistbluehmtilaptrenashe.teehcconoaouRympdsleisslmplau(lePrasnyciCdninBgegds)t.he
57-32 DDT dT(3ae8tna3a2xh).acvaeTrthbreiedeganecsceuvhraaalvcuyeataaenldsdo(3pb0ree1ec7ni)s.iuosnedoftoaduettoemrmatiende pienstteircpidreestaitnionaquoefou-ms assasmpslpeesctral cfofmmi(mrrGarooaospPmmvtreeuaeCIrrprtppi)isiartohhesiil(ouhelsttMe.hhsrsocaautetttTllihloteaavdhachtteGheeotebsdnmiCeenmimsqa3/ttneieyu6eaclorrye4erftassco0ee.lbtc)rsdfreoooo(wurt6nmbhli3oteraihc)ment,amuieptmicsthtotoeruievdlmziurcienfaemdfigyanononrabbsrdlyudaeGladeefanntulsCveeaoerorc/lcrmytmie(pdrsMsatoiiissinnsloa.eysganrttthysisGiccpooahtneemdcorclsoopt3ncpraal6lodeenme6mruadc0mtcneoo)twutgeinrv(airptil6iaatclti3ypscoea)athnldmniywmmaecpitla(hityelMnyhrescaoitsbeeomat.texelrhlatsroiIutpnaondwsltcgeatehterds3srirat6cfifpetich2enorhr0eyeatrnnrh(ec6ecimes3es)so,ve lpMuiqrsieeunptighdaTosrehdaimettshiaoE8eynr0P8boAs0eofxpatahhnrnloedaectlsye8aedz2mxeu5dtr0prealbse(cy6tre3iodex)cni,trrodeamocicrfttmf.esienronSnjfedoirccelotiadmditoinfosot.anhrmemDpaelDeqtshTuoeadoarsuen.saelxypNstrrieosaacctietndeadunsordweilsditaihplnurdihtmeewdxaaraoisnlrtyege/aiansncaiemctthopenlees, ancohniaeTqvyeupdeiociuansl aDsagDmivTpelnedseat(newaclatyisostiness,wlismiloliitlvssa,rtehytacwt.)ictahanreinbssehtroouwbmtnaenibnteelsdoewnins.itwiTvaihtsyeteawancadttuearmlsadatrenitdxecetfifoenctsli.mit
Aqueous Detection Limit 0404.7..71021//2gfgi//g/LL/gL/(L(MM(M(eeMttehhteohotdhoddo88d22855060080))08))
Nonaqueous Detection Limit 38.1/ig//kgg/g ((MMeetthhoodd 88028500wwiitthh GGPPCC cclleeaannuupp))
57.5 REFERENCES Nthoetye:apTpheearnoinnstehqeuemnatisatelrnbuimblbioegrsraopfhyth. e references reflect the order of references as
10. PGVUSCt.ao.o;aSllunlD..alddhIuEa,arrnndfCave,sni.e.rdM,o1nR9.IAm7I..L9.e;.R.n;SWetWalpilamohtrPaeitrtkrm-o,NrtoeMeolrc.ae.tWt,EieodFP.n;.ACeGAn-.;4gav4ebiMr0neo/cla4n,ye-m,sN7t9Ore.W-in,0ftf2.aBi;c9l.ea;MfaMoaatyfnea,dWboIe.-fayP0t,.12e;29WrF9bP.,oRpwlWar.;lineoanrHrs,iihntoyJigln.tR,pgato.Bn;oldl.nJRu,et.na;Dnn.tiCns,.g:s,
DDT 57-33
12. CTSoolanxysict,ooInlno,cgG.y,.D3.r;dCrleavy.toend,.,FV.Eo.l,. e2dAs,. 21B98, 1T. oPxaicttoylo'sgyIn. dNuestwriaYloHrky:giJeonhenaWndiley and
13. TSCoolanxysict,ooInlno,cg.Gy,.D3.r;dCrleavy.toedn,., FV.Eo.l,. e2dCs,. T1o9x8i2c.oPloagtyty. 'sNeInwduYsotrrika:l HJoyhgnienWeilaenydand 17, TGWooixlskiscienolislnoCg, yoR.o.Ef.;CSommimthe,rcRia.Pl.;PrHododugctes,, H5t.hC.e;dB.rBadaldtoimcko,reJ:.ET. h1e98W4.ilClialimniscaalnd 19. GC.raTnht,omWa.sMP. u1b9l7is4h.eTr.oxicology of the Eye, 2nd ed. Springfield, Illinois: Charles 23. YHoarwkl:eyV, aGn.GN.o,setrda.nd1.981. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 10th ed. New 34. M13a:1ck2a1y8,-1D22.31.979. Finding fugacity feasible. Environ. Sci. Technol. 35. M15a:1ck00a6y,-1D01.;4.Patterson, S. 1981. Calculating fugacity. Environ. Sci. Technol. 36. M16a:c6k5a4yA,-6D6.0;AP.atterson, S. 1982. Fugacity revisited. Environ. Sci. Technol. 47. ANRveagatiiioslatnrbaylleoItnfhsTrtoiotuuxgitceh EothfffeeOcNctcsautoipofantCaiolhneLamilbicrSaaarlfyeStouyfbasMntadendcHiecesian(letRh'sT(MENCEIOSD)SLDHAa)R.taSbassyeste1m98,4. 54. NSiettwig,JeMrs.ey1:98N1o. yHesanPdubboloickatoiofnTs.oxic and Hazardous Chemicals. Park Ridge, 59. PTLeiobexrriacroRyleoovgfiyeMwDeaCdtaoicmiBnmaen'istkteMe(T.EDDBL)ADRaStasbyassteem1,9N84a.tiAonvaalilaLbibleratrhyrooufgMh etdheiciNnea,tiTonDaBl 60. MUU..1SS6..4CC65ooaa.1ss2tt GGCuuOaaMrrddD. 1I(N9A7Sv8Ta.i.lCabHWlReaIsUShSinHgGatzo.Pan.r,OdDo.,u.CSs.t:CochDkeempNaiocr.atlm0D5e0na-tt0a1o2fR-T0e0pr1oa4nr7tsp-N2o)or.t.ation, 63. SOUo.fSlfii.dceEWnovafisrStoeonl-imdPeWhnytaasilsctaPel,roCUth.eSce.tmioEincPaAlA.Mgeentchyod1s9,8S2.WT-e8s4t6,M2entdhoedds. fWorasEhvinalgutaotni,ngD.C.:
57-34 DDT 65. AUprp.Sopc.eeEnddunirvxeirsAofn.omFreetndhteearlaalnPaRrloyetsgeiicssttioeofrnp4Ao9lg(l2ue0tna9cny)t:4s139u28n344d..eGr uthideeClinleeasnesWtaabtleisrhAincgt,test 67. VCehresmchicuaelsr.enN,eKw. Y1o9r8k3.: HVaanndNboosotkraonfd.Environmental Data on Organic 83. sMAdPuarsmitostaortmeecbciaaatCritsoioeeenrdspaAfsofoorgroraefttnRihoSceenyespe5b1ta4ey9r6m8ct3hhbf.ieenaCranMlo7dmia,tnErp1dedu98utCpe3crro.aortPppiporrooniesrnpeatidaotniruoesPtnidsta,etofs9hof4oraNlnoptdahgptye.i8,o8UnAI1na.sScls..icPtiEe1trse9niod8vcr4iuiri.tnroirenesUmnnLteliiynvstteoardnlsaitttiahese 197. ATShneolbmyxediacreottro,l,.pRCAo..iEpAet.p.i;lc1.G9nP8oeh0loa.dprsTlmtaehsaiemnco,sinlB.ah.5naD4dl.a:;3thi4Soe3enm-l3laat3otk1oxu.timocoxalirco,igtyyA.oi;nfBAbreKonmRzybe'enJrega;,nidLn;cCiLd5ea7nsBkcLien/,6oJfS.;mice. 213. 3N.atWionaashl iRngetsoena,rcDh.CC.:ouNnactiilon(NalRACc)ad19em77y. DPrreinssk.ing Water and Health, Volume 278. cSDUrt..iaSCtne.rd:EiaaCrndrvfiosit.rreorPdniBaimc8ahe1nln-odt1ra1oSl7bt5Pae0nrn9odz.teaenrcdetssio.DnEiPvAiAgsieonRnc,eypOo(UfrftiScNEe oPo.Af4)W4. 0a1/59te-8r800.R-A0e3gm9u.blaiWetnioatnshwsianatgnetdronq,uality 282. d7C7ua:em65pt7ob-e6al5l,9p.iDc(a.AMfso.;rcDitpeaadvriadidnsioc1nh2,ioaRrnoJdb.Le2n.7z81e)9n.7e0..JT. oOxbicstehLaeGmyonlyetcicol.anBerm. iCaoimnmporneg.nancy 291. Rowe, V.K. 1975. Written communication. (As cited in 282) 295. Underground injection control programs. 40CFR144 309. Constituents prohibited as other than trace contaminants. 40CFR227.6 347. Designation of hazardous substances. 40CFR116 351. Toxic pollutants. 40CFR401.15 355. Federal Register 1980. Water quality criteria documents; availability. 45:79318. 511. 0AEH7na6mvt,aireyPotaBhnmo8mad0,e-n2fHo2tar.1Kl0d.0R;e5teCe.srehmaerninc,hinJJgL.a;tbhdoeerVacoteomrrayp,,aEtCi.biRnil.ci;tiynSntoaeftpih,haeOnzaHsr,.dRoE.uDsP.;AwSaRstrteeopsm.o,rMtDu6.nL0i0.c,/i2p1-a98l800-.
DDT 57-35 533. C19o7u5n.c(il75o/f44E0u/EroEpCe-aOnJCLom19m4,u2n5itiJeuslyDi1r9e7c5ti)v.e on Drinking Water. 16 June 534. DCoeucenmcibl eorf 1E9u7r5o.p(e7a6n/1C60o/mEEmCu-nOitJiesLD31i,re5ctFiveebrounarBya1th97in6g). Water Quality. 8 535. SCuobusntcainlcoefs.4EuMroapyea19n76C.o(m76m/4u6n4it/iEeEs CD-iOreJctLiv1e29o,n1t8heMDayisc1h9a7r6g).e of Dangerous 537. SC19ho7eul9nl)fcisilh. oWf Eatuerrso.p3ea0nOCcotombmerun1i9t7ie9s. D(7i9r/e9c2t3iv/Ee EoCn-tOhJe LQ2u8a1l,ity10RNeqouviermedbeorf 538. C19o7u9n.ci(l8o0f/6E8/uErEopCe-aOnJCLo2m0,m2u6niJtaiensuaDriyre1c9ti8v0e).on Groundwater. 17 December 540. CI1n9ot8ue0nn)dci(eladmoffeonErduHerdoupmbeyaann81CC/8oo5nm8s/muEmuEnpCitti)io.ens D19i8r0ec. t(iv8e0/7R7e8l/aEtiEnCg-tOoJthLe22Q9u, a3l0ityAoufguWstater 542. 2C0ouMnacirlchof1E97u8r.opean Communities Directive on Toxic and Dangerous Waste. 545. SCeocuonncdil-CoafteEguorroypePaonlluCtaonmtsm. u2n4itJieusneRe1s9o7l5u.ti(oOnJoCn1a68R, e2v5isJeudlyLi1s9t7o5f). 659. Veusnatcilmeureatsatiiwonn.er(eSeesetiImnatrteoddubcytioAnr,thVuorl.D1.).LVitatlleu,eIsnoc.f ulessisngthKanowonaes tahree bvearsyis of 666. World Health Organization (WHO) 1984. Guidelines For Drinking Water
Quality, Volume 1: Recommendations. Geneva: World Health Organization. 805. Toxic pollutant effluent standards. 40CFR129 786. C8aLs4oa/uba2ne9mlc1leii/lnnEgodEfeoCdEf,ubP1yre8os7ptA9iec/pai8drn3iel1sC/.1Eo92Em86C4m)J,.uu1nn5ietiOe1sc9t7Do8bi.ree(r7c8t1i/v967e391o;/nE8E1C/C1la8s7-s/iOEfiEJcaCLti,o2n026,A,Pp2ar9ciklJau1gl9iyn81g1;9a7an8nd;d 808. Jt1ru3ar:cy5e,73Wo-r5.g7Aa9.n.;icSspienncseoril,:WII.IF.A; pFpalricmaetrio,nWo.Jf.sc1r9e8e4n.inBgehmavoidoerl.aJs.seEssnmviernotn.mQoduaell. for 888. FreegduelraatlioRnse.gi5s1t:e4r6611968.6. Revocation of DDT and TDE food and feed additive
57-36 DDT
889. Federal Register 1986. Revocation of DDT and TDE tolerances. 51:46658.
891. g5F0ue:di4de0er6lai7nl2eR.s,egpirsetterrea1t9m85en. tPsetsatnicdidaredcs,heamndicanleswcastoeugrocrey peeffrlfuoernmtalnimceitsattainondsards.
909.
PpSce.;onwWta,cohKold.o;,rGoMpo.hy;eeDrn,oelMl.pi.W;rePa, seLhrw.ina1gk9t,o8n0J.,.;ADP.naCy.en:xepU,o.ESsu..;rEeTnhavonimrdoanrsim,skeRna.;tsasWlesPasrmlloaetcneect,tifDoonr.
Walker, Agency.
916. 2oB1nu:s2te5hl-me26am.ieurt(,aAWgse.n;ciictRietodyehionrfb9po0em9st,iacnGidd.e;s2P0ir0no5pm)painmgm, aPl.ia1n97t3es.tCsoymstepmarsa.tiMveutiantv.eRsteigs.ations
998. cPEhhpeasmrtemiicnaa,cloSml..Su2.;t3aA:g2er8nn8so-3lbd2y,5.Eth.;eAdnodmrienaa,nJt.;leBthasasl, aWss.a;yBiinshtohpe, mYo. u1s9e7.2T. oDxeictoelc.tiAonppol.f
1077. hcPSo.erBmpo.bapst1oot9,uc8nyG1td..eSsC..c;uhEMlentmuvcriiMrecosaa:nlhl.yAo-Mninc,udoRtuma.cgEpeead.n;r.iuHs3oni:nls1lc,1hw-Le3id.t2Ehu..l;beadTchtDeormNiaAplsomsnyu,nttaChg.eZesni.s;icEiintpyppur,siJmin.Kagr.;y21Nr8aetal,
1083. TCp1h1ho:emo4nr3pop3abe-r,a4ar4Etbi1.vi;teoWnloean,lkgbe-etret,arAm-B.ICo.TrHa.l1at9no7dx3ic.giatTymhmsetuatdo-BxieCiscHoiln.ogFmyoioocdef wdCiieotlhsdmrdieniLel(dTHroiEnx,OicDoDlD.).TI,I.
1219. Values were estimated by Arthur D. Little, Inc.
1220. Cp23hh:oe5tn-o1,d1Ze.g.Mra.d;aZtiavbelkr,atMesJf.o;rL3e6avpitets,tiRci.dAe.s.19In84d.. CEonmg.pCarhaetmiv.ePsrtuodd.y Roefst.hDinevfi.lm
1241. dSSrccihin.akTfienercg,hMwnoa.Ltl.e.;r3:P-1e2We6l1ea-rt1e,2rJs6.9Tf.r.;omGatrhdeneMr,isWsis.sSi.p;pCi aamndpbMelils,sJo.uEr.i 1R9i6v9e.rsP.eEstnicviidroens.in
1244. d6PG8ieae:srt8tti4rsc2aeid-lm8le,6psM1,le.ssJe..l;eOcCctetrodabuenerl,emJ1.9Ce7n.;8tsP-oaSdnerdpetboeatmrhabecre,rcDh1.eS9m7.;9ic.GaJul.snAdinsesriosncof.nan,OtEffa..LnAd. n1ta9ol8d.5d.Clehremto.tal
DDT 57-37
1245. POGeacsrtttoriecbLiedLre,s1M,9s7Je8.l;e-cCtSeredaputenel,emJmb.Ceen.r;t,1P9oa7dn9dr.eboJa.thrAaescrs,ocDch..eSmO.;ifcfGa. luAsnnidnaelr.asdCounhl,temEto.Lta6.l81:d89i28e6t5-.s8a7m5.ples.
1248. oFOrrngatanankro,iopR,h.Co;saBpnhraaoduranu,sfrHroem.Esi.d;1u9Fe6ls9emitnoinfga1,t98Go1f.. bJ1o.9v8Fi3no.oeOdarnPgdarnopotocr4hc6lio:n8re9in3ce-a9ra0cn0ad.sses marketed in
1250. oIHMnnutoemntrhoanegnarstEai.opvSnahualsupl aopAtn.igo4etn.hnGecoyfeEnotvhefavelRauC:aetsaWieroaconrirncloohdfgHoetnhneieacClCtRahanisrcOkceirrnogo(fagInCAeinzhRaiecCtmioR)inci1.as9kls8o2t.foWCHhouermmkiaincngasl.sGIrtAooRupC
1333. DCoecuenmcibl eorf 1E9u7r8o.p(e7a9n/11C7o/mEEmCu-nOitJieLs3D3.ir8ecFtievberuoanryPl1a9n7t9)P.rotection Products. 21
1325.
wWDoiotrrrkakegrlEisan,evmDirp.o;lnoB.yreHodweaanlt,thoDrS.gPua.p;npoNlc.ah4mloe7rki:n1ae4ta0p,-1eT4s.t6;i.cIivdeersmonan, uNfa. c1tu98ri1n.gMpolarntatsli.tyScsatunddy.
of
J.
1417. TSptooalxlpuiclteoasln,.tCCc.hAoen.m;ce.Wn4te:rr1an3te1ior-,n14sF2.i;.nHthoeogUhneeitmed, TStJa.te1s98u5s.inAgsSseTssOmReEntTodfaPtarbioarsiety. Env.
1792. Oo4CfobJutjuhenlcyectiilA1v9eon8sfn6feE)o.xurrtDoopiDsecaihrnaercCgtieovsmeom7f6uC/n4ei6tr4ite/asEinEDCiDr.eacn1t2giveJeruoonunes SL19uim8b6si.tta(Vn8ca6el/us2e8Is0n/caElnuEddCeQ-dOuiJanliLtLyi1st81I.
1793. 3P7r3opFoisnaall.fo4r JaulCyo1u9n8c5i.l Directive on the Dumping of Waste at Sea. Com (85)
1795. PrEaaninnvk.iroow1n.,, SJSa.cFmi..;pTlIeseracbhdenelosleilg.,nL18aM:n3d.10Aa-3ns1ha8ley.rs,isWby.Ead1s9o8r4p.tiTorna/tcheeromrgaalndicescoormptpioonu.nds in
1800. APScrrhocgmhr.iatEmt,n:CvRiJreo.;sni.ZduaCejoiscnetokaf,moJ.r.LgTa;onxRoicciobhlil.cokr1,i4nM:e22.cA5h-.e2m6109ic.8a5l.sNinatfiroensahlwPaetestricOidshe, M19o8n0i-t8o1ri.ng
1940. cGCCoooimnrrgprpeeoollraula,tntiRoidons.n.s.1i9n8C0Co.uhMlesmtaomincm,alFalC.i,aaSnrhcmuinbeoitkgae,bnoPel.si,sisme.dso.N,foHDrwuDmoToadna,nENdpJir:deAelambtelieodxlocgPhyulobarlniinsdhaitAnegdnimal
57-38 DDT 1941. AUs.Sse.sEsmnveinrtonfmorenDtDalTP. rotEecPtAionRAepgoerntcyNo(U. SEEPPAA/5)101/918-84.6/H02e6a.lth Effects 1942. RocifotesDdsiD,inTL;1o9rR91ap)vheernao,bMar.i;)iRtael-pNeattii,nGW.;isStaanrtir,aLts.. 19I7n7L. LJ.oCnga-ntecremr 1a9d:1m7i9n-i1s8tr5a.tio(nAs 1943. cTloietnergdr-atceinirnmi2,0Bf0e.2e;)dTinesgtao,fMD.DGT; CtoabBraAl,LJB.R/c.;mDicaey., NI.nL197J.3.CTahnceereff1e1c:ts74o7f-764. (As 1944. eT2x0op0mo2as)utirse, Lto.; DTuDrTusoovn, CVF.;-1Damyi,ceN..; CInhLarJle.sC, aRn.cTe.r11907:24.8T9 h-5e0e6f.fec(At sofciltoendg-itnerm 1945. pP,aplm'-DerD, TK.iAn.;raGtsr.eenF,oSo.d; LCeogsamtoerL, MTo.Sx.ic1o9l.731.1:D5o3-m62in. ant lethal study of 1946. 8Main:c1atr2isoal1ant-,n1sim3nk0oy.ou,rsCgeaJna.;nocdWhhliolalrimainmsetse,preGhs.teMipcai.dto1e9chy8e1tep.sa.EtovciJda.erncTicnoexoigfcoeonrl.icaEintnye:vpiarioglnean.cekHtieocaflmtgheondoetooxficity 1947. CNleaurrko,sJp.or1a97c4r.aMssau.tagAenuiscti.tyJ.oBf iDolD. STcii.n2m7:i4c2e7,-D44r0o.sop(Ahislacimteedlainno2e0a0st1e)r and 1948. VmMoeugttaeablt,.olERit.eesn1.9D7126D.:1EM5,7u-Dt1a6Dg4eD.n,i(tDaAtDssuOcnitMteedrsuuinncdh2u0Dg0eD1n)AmaitnDDDroTsoupnhdilademneDlanDoTgaster. 1949. aSspsiensdslmere,nMt b. a1s9e8d3.thDerDeTup: oHne.althReass.pRecetvs. i9n0:r1e-l3a4ti.on to man and risk/benefit 1950. Hloanyge-tse,rWm,Jh.,igJhr.;oDraalled,osWes.Eo.;f PDirDkTle,foCr.Im. a1n97. 1. AErvcihd.enEcneviorfonsa. fHeteyalotfh
22:119-136. (As cited in 1991t) 1951. Hr1e6ap2ye:e8as9t,e0dW-89oJ7r.a,. lJr(dA.;ossDecsoirtohefdamcihn,loW1r9o.9Fp1.h;)eCnoutehtoa,neC.(,DJDr.T1)95in6. mTahne. eJf.fAe.cMt .oAf. known 1952. Wpootenngt,iaOll,y; Bexrpoockseedr, tWo .o;rDgaanviics,aHnd.Vi.n;oNrgaagnleic, Gbr.Som. 1in9a8t4e.dMcohretmaliictaylso,fDwBoCrkPe,rs
TRIS, PBB and DDT. Brit. J. Ind. Med. 41:15-24.
DDT 57-39 1953. TWeocrhlndicHaleaRltehpoOrrtgSaenrizieastioNno.(W51H3.O)G1en97e4v.a,SaSfweitUzesrelaonfd.Pe(sAticsidceitse.dWinHO1991) 1954. oMRcaucbureapltalaot,i,oTMn.a;.lNPly.e;reeBxipreacoa,skeCd,.AWto..B;D.DD1e9TA7.5lm. CeMiydutaot,gaLeWn.iRFc.e;sst.Pui2dg8ya:t4oi4,n9P-i.4n;5dU4iv.nidguaraols, M.T.; 1955. eL1x5ap:w7os6s,6u-Er7e.7R5t..o, JD(rA.D;sTCc.uitrelAedy,cinlAin.1i;c9a9Bl1ir)aonsd, FchJe.m1i9c6a7l.sMtudeyn. witAhrcihn.teEnnsivvieroonc.cuHpeaatlitohnal 1956. eO1x9rp9to1es)leuer,eMto.FD. D19T5.8. SAtu.Mdy.Ao.fAmrecnh.wInitdhusptr.oHloenaglethd i1n8t:e4n5s5i-v4e40o.ccu(Apasticointeadl in 1957. ohnHnyeuupdtrehsoroetthrnaer,arnPmts.mMbiari.t.a;tienCrJshc.oeaNnnnce,deuPnrt.htoHreca.ih;rteiTomanisl.sssoo4ocn5if,:a5tbH4ioi1o.nA-g4.ew;5n6iHit.choanpmg,p,in'-JeD.SDa.nT1d9-i8an5md.uiEncofefdeaccttirdeomf opr,pa'n-DdDT 1958. nPHehruadrrionmcaah,cePoml.D.ic2.a;5l:S2ai7nlt6ge-hr2aa8lt8,io.Rn.sLd;uPrientgerasc, uDte.AD.VD.;TLpinogis,oGni.nMg.. T19o7x3ic.oSl.omApepl. 1959. TrOeotptxroiocbodolun.ci6,ti:oA8n3.;-1inB0i1sm.seul(lltA,ipsGle.cDigt.ee;dnHeirneaxt2tie0or0n,0sA)o.Cf .be1a9g7l7e. dEoffpe.ctsAorfchD. DETnviornon. Contam. 1960. POhtatorbmoancio,l.A.141:97649-8.1E. ffect of DDT on reproduction in the rat. Toxicol. Appl. 1961. KpSyeesmptilpcinoidsgieeasr.,oMnM.iLraem.;pirD:oedHiucachltomisoanannnind, mWAsi.csBeo..c;iDaStaeeilacsh,pmF..a1n12n957,-10W3. 8E..Bf.f,e(Acetds.o,cfiPtceeodstmiicnbidin2ea0st0i0o)ns of 1962. MprceLnaatcahlllaynt,oJ.pA,p.;'-DDiDxoTn., RT.Lo.xi1c9o7l2A. pGpol.naPdhaalrmfuanccotli.o2n2:in32m7.ice exposed 1963. gTHrhaoerwrt,.thM19r.2Met:a2.;r8d6Aa-2dti9ao0mn. sion(nAd,usRcce.idHte.b;dyFinDabD1r9oT9, 1Si)n. 1th9e71r.aPbbreitm. aAtrucrhit.yIannt.dPihnatrramuatceoridnyen. 1964. BdS(DicisohtDlrm.iTbiRd)uutt,oinonRdns.tcohh1fe9. 7tp1r3ri1.te:iun3[E1ma6tfaf-le3lac1bdt7ee.olvefed(lAlo,alps,nlm-dctiertcniecatdhroblionfornto1-h-19e249,-12ml)a-obbuiessI-ee(,dchuDlnoDdreoTrphcinoennpysrild)eeegtrnhaaatninotenmoicfe.]
57-40 DDT
1965. gK(Ariohswlscttihrtoeimdn,imnJ.iEc1e9.;9s1Ou)crkbienrgg,mJ.i;lkLcuonndtbaeinrgin,gCP.;CDBanoirelDsoDnT, .P.OA. m19b7io4.. 3P:o2s3t1-n-2a3ta3l. 1966. sK1p4re:a1rum7s1ea-,1to7Wg9e..;neH(sAaisms ocmfit,ethdKe.;injWuv1ee9in9s1silm)e urlaletr, JB. u1l9l.75E.nTvihreone.ffCeocnt toafinD. TDoTxioconl. 1978. gLievee,nHo.,Mp'.-;DVDiTseka,t WbirJt.h.197F5e.dS.exPuraolc.d3if4f:e2r4e6n.tiaAtibosntroacft.the(Absraciinteidn imna1le99r1a)ts 1980. sKteurpofiedr,hDor.,mBounlegse.r, WFe.dH..P1r9o7c6..3I5n:t2e6r0a3c-t2io6n0s8.of chlorinated hydrocarbons with 1981. hEKyxudpprofoescura,rreDbso.;ntosB.uPlegsCetrhic,aidmWebs.Hero.sn,1JA9.8En2i..;mEYaslatrrSboyrgsoeteunmgichs.,aJcN.tDioe.nw,seYdosof.rckEh:flofRercaintvsaetonefdPCrehsrso.nic 1982. raGadetmsl.leinritsN,teReruJerd.o;eDHndDeoiTncrrihicnohomsl,oogWlyo.gL1u.6;e:s8S4ow-n9e4dr.leopf(frA,osdRu.cci1ttei9vd7e4i.fnuEn1fc9fte9ico1tn)s ionf mneaolneaatnadllyfemale 1989. iWtsealcnha,loRg.sM. .;TLoexviicno,l.WA.;ppCl.onPnheayr,mAa.cHol.. 11946:39.58E-3st6r7o.genic action of DDT and 1991. oN7c8ac-t2ui0op0na.atilonInasltihtuaztearfdorreOvicecwupfaotrioDnaDlTS.afetDyHaEndWH(eNaIlOthS(HN)IOPuSbHli)ca1t9io7n8. NSop.ecial 1994. o2M2fo:3irn0gg1ae-ns3,t9eD7d..PD.;DRToaannd, CD.CD.T19m71et.aAboblsiotersptiinonm, asnto.rAagrceha.nEdnvmireotanb. oHliceacltohnversion 1996. KDeDllTey-aGndarDveDrtE, Fi.n; LaeCgahtionre,seMh.Sa.m1s9te7r3.ceCllytloingee.nMetiuctaaLndRmesu.ta1g7e:2n2ic3-e2f2f9e.cts of 1999. Pd22ear:l3miv5ea5rt-i,3v6Ke4s..Ain.; aGcrueletnu,reSd.; mLaemgamtoarl,iaMn .cSe,ll19li7n2e.. CyTtooxgiecnoelt.icApefpfle.cPtshaorfmDaDcoTl. and 2000. DWDorTldaHndeailttshDOerrigvaantiizvaetsi.on G(WenHevOa): W19o7r9l.dEHnveiarlothnmOerngtaanliHzaetaioltnh. Criteria 9.
DDT 57-41 2001, fSUot.raSn.DdEaDrnTdvs.irDoniEvmPiseAinotnaR,leOPpforforictteeNctooifo.nW44Aa0tg/e5er-n8cR0y-e0g13u98l8,a0tW.ioAnassmhabinniegdntotSntw,aanDtde.aDrr.dq:su.aCliPrtyiBte8crr1iai-t1ea1rni7ad491. 2002. HoMInnuotemntrhoanegnarstEai.opvnhaValsulooalA.tnig5oetnhnGecoyfeEntfveohavrelauR:CaetWaisroeconairnrlodcofhgHeConeaniacrlcCtRihnaionsOkgcereongrafic(nICiARzhaRiestmikCoin)oc.af1l9sC7ht3oe.mWMicaoanrlks. intogIAGRrCoup 2005. p7RN8,aep-pt1'i-o3oDr8ntD6a.lSEeCrfaioenrscepNroosI.snib1st3lie1tu,ctaNerCc(iNIn-CoCgIGe)n-T1ic9Ri7ty-81..3B1.iNoaCsDIsaHCysEarWocfinDPoguDebTnlie,csaTitsiDoTnEe,cNhaonn.idc(NalIH) 2145. UFcPBhoru.eSorrmt.broliADecwmraesmlt,,rdyiWtceokMfx.iD,niecM.ido;tilioDoCcnag.oligcsNBalteuTliy,odI,eSaienDnsrgd.eRionpbn.eo;ioerpLrltooiingNgtegihocnta.,RtliAaWeplsDre.eGo-anApr.v;ce0ihrrD9to4iaane2cnsm3rd6eoe,.nDf JtDea.CvlDe.;plTooWpllamuontodeadnnaitttrssd:Ld,aVebGIroIi.rv.aa1ptt9ohi7vry9eyss.,i.cal, 2146. GFLly.oEmr.ia,dnae,:dWsC. RJE.Cnv1Pi9rr8oe5ns.sm.EesnttimalaEtioxnpoosufrpehyfrsoicmalCphreompeirctailess,.VoNl.ee1l.y,BWoc.Ba.;RBatloanu,, 2147. KnCoraridtmeergai,laizRaa.ntDido.n;SPttahanevdoloaruryd, sfSo.DrPi.n;voiDsniuponxobl,auWrryha,syhAdir.nSog.ptho1on9b,8i6Dc..oCErl.gaabnoircatcihoenmoicfasles.dimEenPtA 2148. oCCrahgreaomnnio,csGpcah.;rebSroeunf1feo4tn:,99It.3hH-e1.;0e0nB0ve.ilrtoonnm, Ten. t1a9l8d5i.stErifbfeuctitonofodfisntroinbpuotliaorn oorfgdanisiscolcvaerdbon. 2149. WdCihsasitooeulrv,esCdo.lTuhbu.;imlMiticyalaecnnodhlmafn,uclRveim.cLe.a;nctBidrosi.fntEsoonnmv,ierTo.oLnr.;gSaBncrii.icnTtpoeoncl,hlunTtoa.Iln..;ts2K0ai:ln5ed0,2Dp-5e.0Es8t.i.c1id9e8s6.by 2150. cCNhheeeemlmyi,cicaWalsls..,B.V;NoBle.leal1uy.,,BGWo.cE.Ba..;R1B9a8lta5ou.n,,InGFtlr.oEor.di,dueacd:tisoC.nREtConvPeinrreovsnisrm.onenmteanl taEl xepxopsousruerefrformom 2151. vsLienircgthilcteeanslosdtileisiatnrp,ibpEuli.tcPiao.;tnioFonu.fhrDeJDm.TaAn,gnlri,.nTdF.aoWnoed.;, SCanchhdeumalzl.d, r1Ki9n.:,R711.801-79a27n11d.. 1P5eryseiastresnaceftearnda 2152. iEnl tZhoergGaenzii,raG.sAoi.l 1u9n7d6e.rPceortstiosnte.nBceulol.fEonrgvairnoonc.hCloornintaeinin. sTeoctxiicciodle.s1i5n:3t7h8e-8f2ie.ld
57-42 DDT
2153. rSelelaicthioenr,tGo Asu.b; lHimoaptciornaf.t, EJ.nv1i9r8o4n.. PSecri.siTsteecnhcneoLof1p8es:t5i1c4id-5e1s8i.n surface soil and 2154. MSWcieo.tlhfTeoe,xcyNhcn.hLol.Lo;rZ1ae1np:d1p0,D7R7D-.1GT0.8;d1eP.garraisd,aDtio.Fn.;inBawuagtherm:arna,teGs.Lan.;dHporlolidsu, cRts..C. E19n7v7ir. on. 2155. GMFlo.iElrl,i,dTae.:d;sCM. REaCbnevyPir,roeWnssm.. e1n9t8a5l.EPxhpootsoucrheemfriocmal Ctrhaenmsfiocramls,atVioonls.. 1N. eBeolyc,aWR.aBt.o;nB, lau 2156. oZP1n9iea7ssD1ze.)cDkNTia, uJak;n.dWWHyybCziesHrza, lcRsokoni,ltneJ.n.;StWzicnyzebscoieiinrlsaielwskit6i,h:2Av5.a1r-1i2o96u720s.(pCEhhfyfesemiccto.coAhfbemustlritc.raa7lv5ip:o2rl9eot2p3er8rawtdiei,astion 2157. oCMfoanacatnaJtmahdr.yoH,pDoygd.Lerno.;li.cT1or:ra1gt-na2yn8e.ick,chPe.Gm.i;caGlsruinndal,nTaeJr.ob1i9c86sy. sAtebmios:tica rcerdituiccatliornevrieeawc.tionJs. 2158. rGeldaossx, sBys.Lte.m19i7n2.so[iRlse.]laJt,ioAngrbieet.wFeoeondthCehedmeg.r2a0d:a3t2io4n-32o7f.D(ADsTcaitnedd tihne21ir5o7n) 2159. sJTGu.hasemWpebranertsceeiolrolv,nPesRroy.liPn. o.cC;ufoRbDnaetDtdredoTdly,,uFknCeedd.pNeor5.n,6ce:Co1,no7atl4lnra-od1rl8dlpe2,de.Vrmr.;eedGtohrxreienpnoa,tdeGnd.te;idaPltaaotnrsidcokipl,HaWnc.dHons.,eddJitirim.one1sn9.8t4. 2160. PEKrnleevsciskr.oan, mGe.Mnt.al1E98x5p.oBsuiordeefgrroamdaCtihonem. icNaelse,lyV,oWl..B1..; BBloacua, RGa.tEo,n,edFsl.orida: CRC 2161. Spl,url,obl-dbturaci-ctRsh.aloor,oAR-p2.pV,2L.-;bEAisnl(ev4xi-raconhndl.oerMro,piMchre.onb1yi9o!8l).5e.4t9Bh:aa5cn0t9ee-r5(i1Da6lD.aTnd) afunndgiatls cbormeaektadboowlnism of 2162. 2cCo1hm4i6op)uo,uCn.dTs.;inScohcmtaendodl-inwga,teDr.Wsy.s;teYmasl.koEwnsvkiryo,nS..HSc.i.19T8e2c.hnPoaLrti1ti6o:n4i.ng(Aosf ocirtgeadniicn 2163. EaRtiamspeoansprpoehirceth,ri,RcS.dJAe.;p; oGUsoirtrbiohananm., N, E.CRh.;e1m9C8oa5sp.pe"hl,NerePwe.D"1.;4D:B1D1aT6k7e-irn1,1pJ7u.3tEs. ;toLoNoonretyh, ABm.Be.;rica:
DDT 57-43 2164. dUNoT.ScIu.SmERennvetipro2or/n3tmNOenoff.tiacPleBPo8r5fo-tP1e3ecs9tti1oic5ni3d.AesgeanncdyT1o9x8i4c. SDuibcsotfaonl:cessp,eWciaalshrienvgietown,pDosCit.ion 2165. MPC13oae:ln2ysa,1cdh7Ji-l.a;o2n2rDi3nwo.ayotlmeed,enJb.iApd.hu;reAinnydglaslmaacsnt,daBtio.oRrng..;anDAoarcvchihleo.sr,EinDnevJip.r;eosnTt.iucCritdooennst,aiDnm..m1Ti9lok8x4ia.cnodl. blood of 2166. sS1tt9ue7df2fye-1yo9,f8K1c.h.Llo.;rJiM.nEaatncekvd,irhJo.yn;d.MrSocaciac.MrHbooennaeltignhlsee,Bc1Cti9.cW:i4d9.e;-6Pr5ee.stitdyu, eHs.Bin. b1o9v8i4n.eAnitilelcn-iyneaIrllinois, 2167. xHKSeeuynibomoteboari,n,oJtJWia.cNpse.a;linfnaKr1aie9mir8a,.2nY.d.M;OthWixyefaoemErhdnno,vetorEir,,noTJgn.l.;m;anKeWdne:taoroPPndererroyogc,wa.Pm,5.tJCoh.nE..,.IPend1ret9ss.8sC3P..oenAsgtnirca.ildPyeseisstC.ohCfehmeimstr.,y: 2268. ppFrreoodddeuuraccttlssRcceoognnittsaatiiennriinn1gg98dd6ii.ccooDffooicll;;ofcdooel;nnciianlultseoinoftnatpoopflcisacpnaetccieoialnlrserfgeoivrsiterrwaet.giiosnt5rsa1ot:i1fo9np50eos8ft.icpiedseticide 3005. EGAGxCoopvvGoeesrrIunHnrmmeReeInnencttdaaollimcIIemnnsddefuunossdrttrra1iitaa9illo8nH8sH-y1yfg9ogi8eri9en.n1isi9tsC8st.s8i,n-1cT19i9hn88nr98ea..stAhi,omOldehrLiioci:amnAitCmVoeanrlifuceaernsenaCcneodnofBfeiroelnogceicaolf 3017. AdApaoclftlcaoyu.rcrhdAal-coSnyrtaielna.vaneCtdnehsdp,ermbAei.c.pLi5hs.i8;eo(nnB9y)el:osl2lfa0wrd2i,2ethtT-e2.ra0Amu2.;9tion.Emaitcaiohtenedlsboeinrftgecerhrp,lorJre.itWnaat.it;oenBduopdfedsmeti,acsWidse.sLsp.eacn1t9dr8o6m. etric 3097. QCaulaifloitryniSataSntdaatredWs AatdeorpRteedsoiunrtcoesthCeoRnetrgoiol nBaolaWrdate1r98Q8.uaTliatbyleCsoonftrWolaPtelarns,
12/ 88.
3180. o5D1fe:pH4a2ar1zt7am7r,ednoatundsofS1uT9b8r7sat,nas5np2co:e4rs8ta2at5nio.dn4R91e9Cp8oF6r.RtaH1b7al2ze.a1rQ0d1uoauAnsptiMptieeanst.deriFxiaeAdls..TRreagnisspt.or1t9a8t6io,n, List 3204. JsEa.rrIicknosdms.oanMs, eaMdn..d;3eH8x:a2pr7od-s3eu3llr.eL.t;oBcehregm, iNca.Ol .s;ubMstoalnlecre,s:T.A; Acxaeselso-nr,eOfe.re1n9c8e1.stSuodfyt.-tBisrs.ue
57-44 DDT 3206. Fdinuatbrriranoug,tetSrh.i;eneMpdrceLeivmaeclphollpaanmnt,aenJti_toA.n_A;smDta.agmJe.seOso,fbNspt.reMetg..nG1a9yn8nc4ye.c:oCMLhoe1rm4ta8ilc:i9aty2l 9er-xa9pt3eo8s.aunrde of embryos 3213. c(BWluearQena)u.upBotuafrrWegaeuattecorofnPWcreoanttteercrattiPioornnost1,e9cf8tini8oa.nlF,8i6n8/a06l6/808868.0t6a0b7leGorfocuhnedmwiactaelrrceofenrteanmciensant 3218. lBFelruo.kdJai.nem,InUida..;aMFnrdeedde.rn4igk5is:ns3eo3n-e3,x8Mh.a.;usPtse,rsfsroensh, Bw.o;oAdx, ealsnodn,DOD.T1:9A88.caCseh-rroenfeicrelnytmspthuadtyic. 3221. FCoeoladneRseeseCaorrcphorLaatbioonraotofrAiems,eIrnicca..1R95e5p.orDtaNtao.su6b7m56it7ted to U.S. FDA by 3322. PIBlrloioantroedics,tiP1o2no/l,1lu/S8tu2io.bntitCleonFt:rPolubBloicarWd a1t9e8r2S. uIpllpinlioeiss CThitalept3e5r: 1EPnvoilrluotnimonenCtaolntrol 3328. AIRgIeSnc(yI.ntegrat.ed Risk Information System). U.S. Environmental Protection 3348. SKCwaasirshcsiynamopgi,ceeSn..iKcIin.t;LyNoJi.fgaCDmaD,nTcSe.rK(d.1;ic9Kh:7lao2mr5o-i7dk2i,p9Ah. e.Bn.y;l Gtruicphtalo,rRoe.Cth.;anCeh)aitnteprjueree, iSn.bKred1977. 3361. hpKerioptamagtaoowtcianar,gcTian.n;odgHeainnneotsi,icsaO.r.Cc;ianNroocgimennouigrceane, feKfsei.sc;tS5s:u1og6fa5np3oh-,16nH5o.6b.a1r9b8i4t.alDaonsde-rDeDspTonisne tshteudriaets 3362. aKnidtchmeonu, sKe.Tli.v;erB.rEownvni,roJn.L..R1e9s8.84. 6B:3io9c-h47e.mical effects of DDT and DDE in rat 3381. 4sKp:r1ea7ru1ms-e1a,7to9Wg. e.;neHsiasmomf,thKe.;juWveeinsislme urealtl.erB,uJll.. 1E9n7v5i.roEnf.feCctonotfaiDn.DTToxoincol. 1 3405. e7Lav1noa(dp2lue)pz:a3o-tAl7iyo5vcn-ih3lalo8o,7fr.ViEn.aP;tAeSdcmhboeieptnhh,oednSy.;8ls0M8in0ilahfnoaerzsa,dreJd.t;oeurBmseiwcnkaaestrtiteo,sn.WoJ..fFAc. hs1sl9oo8rci8.n.OaStfeifnd.gAlpenesaltali.bcoiCdrheasteomry. 3428. mMoaurksaerybaonn,e-D.mSa. r1r9o6w6.ceCllytnougcelneei.tiScoevfifeetctGoenf esto.m2e(l)c:h8l0o-r8o2r6g.anic insecticides on 3451. MAlilnonweasboltea LWimaittesr fQoruaDlirtiynkSitnagndWaradtser19C8o8n.taMmininnaenstostaRReleecaosme mNeon. d2e,dNovember.
DDT 57-45
3452. aMnidnnCersiotetariaWfaotrerToQxuicalSituybSsttaanndceasr,dPs r1o9v8is8i.onMailnDneastoataSuWbjaetcetrtQo uCahliatyngSet,an1d1a/8r8d.s 3501. WNeawterYoSrtakndPaurbdlsic, CDordinekiRnegvWisioante,reSffteacntdivaerd1s/9/18998.9. New York Public Drinking 3504. ENfafteicotnsaol fInCshtietumtiecaflorSuObcsctuanpcaetiso.nOalnlSinaefetfyilea,nJdanHueaarylt.h 1989. Registry of Toxic 3506. ahNneispdhaiptzoouclmyacrih,cilMnoro.ign1ean9t7ee9sdi.sb.EiGpffheAecnNtyNolsf7op0nh:8dn3io5eb-t8ha3yr7bln.itiatrl,osdaimchilnoer-oinddipuhceendyltrichloroethane, 3513. 5tNe0at-rt2ai9oc-nh3al,olr7To2od-5xip4ich-o8el,no7yg2lye-t5Ph5ra-on9g)er.,aNpm,TpP1'-97dT8iec.chhDlo.icrRhoedlopirp.ohSdeeinpro.hled1ni3cy1hl.tlroircoheltohryoleetnhean(eC,AS No. 3534. Oklahoma's Water Quality Standards 1985. 3539. rOuclceu. pFaetdio. nRaelgSisatf.et5y4:a2n3d32H. ealth Administration 1989. Air contaminants: final 3587. tRWheeagtuSelrtaatQtieounoalfNitAyor.Sk2taannasdsaasar.mdsenfodredSuWrfaatceer WQuaatelirtsyoSftatnhdeaSrdtastefoorfSAurrfkaacnesaWs a1t9e8r8s.of 3601. ctRehoc!hsosnrio,icpLahl.-;egnBryaaldr)eebtihdryiicl,ehnOloe.r;oinSdaihpnahgmeunisnyteeltrtris,i.cMhCla.o;nreocteertahlRa.ne1es9.8a43n3.d:C7l7a,6lr--cd7ii8nc1oh.gloenroic-i2ty,2-sbtuisd(yp-with 3631. SCtucamrribocirnnseorig,neJdn.ueDcs.ei;sdM2i:no1t2tt3he5te,-1mN23a.K9le.. S1p9r8a1g.uDe-DDTaawclceeylerraattiboyn2o-afcmetaammmidaorpyhgelnanandthrene. 3683. dSotactuemWenattaetrioPnr.oDgreacmems bTeerle1p9h8o8nethSrouurvgehyF1e9b8r9u.arPyer1s9o8n9a.l communication and 3718. cTPhhillasoorrmnd,eaccHoo.nlA.e.8;o8Sn:5h7aa-wv6o,5i.dS.a;nMcecLreasmpobn, dRin.Lg. a1n9d87s.eiTzuhreeeaffceticvtistyo. fTloinxdicaonl.e,ADpDplT. , and 3744. AIUns.fSsoe.rsmEsmnavteiinorntonOSmyffesitnceetma,l.CPiOnrocnitnleicnntaeitoiOn, lOeA.Hge.Un.cSy., E1n9v8i9r,oInRmIeSn.taIlnCtergitreartieadaRndisk
57-46 DDT 3757. EUthxpepp.aa]cB,tiiRoonl.P2o.;1f:G6so1am7rg-e6,1Bt9r..aDn(.aq;suAiclhiiztmeedrasdi,nonA3.7le11a89r)8n3in. gEaffnedctmoefmmoarylatthraiocnesainndrDatDs.TInodn. J. 3758. taUhvpeopidaacal,tniRocen.Prc.;ehslGporoapnrgrs,oemBina.Dzri.an;tesA.ahInmndda.ddJ,ia.AzEe.px1pa9m.8B3wi.oiLEthf2fer1ce:tf2e5or4ef-n2mc5e7a.lato(tahcsioocnnidtaeindtidoinnDed3D7T18o).n 3763. fU1o9.rS86.e,xEi5sn1tvi:ni2rg0o4na2mn9d,enantneadwl 1Ps9ro8ou8tre,cce5tsi3o:on4f0A5pg6oe2llnu4ctyi0onC1:9F86R65.4t0Go3xeniAceprppaolellnpudrtiaexntrtBes.a. tFmeedn.tRreegguisltations 3764. hUa.Sza. rEdnouvisrosunbmsetanntaclesP. rFoetdec.tiRoengiAstg.e5n1c-y341594876,. 4R0epCoFrRta1b1l7e.3q.uTanabtiltei.es of 3766. qCUu.FSaRn. t3Eit0ni2evs4i,ro(aCnnmdEeRnnCotatLilfAiPc)ar.toitoenctoiofnhaAzgaerndcoyus19su86b.stDanecseigsn. aFteiodn. ,Rreegpiostr.ta5b1l:e34534. 40 3767. 5cUa1.t:Se4.g0oE4r2ny1v,.irp4or0nemtCreeFanRttma4l1e3nP.trosttaecntdioanrdAs gaenndcymo1n98it6o.riEnlgecrterqoupilraetminegntpso.inFteds.ouRrecgeist. 3768. c5Ua1.t:Se4.g0oE4r2ny1v:.irp4or0netmCreeFanRttma4l3e3nP.trostteacntdioanrdAs gaenndcymo1n98it6o.riMngetraelqfuiniriesmhienngtsp.oFinetd.soRuergciest. 3775. fAUop.rSp.gerEnodnuivnxidrDo-wnCmateenrtmaloPnirtootreicntgio. nFeAdg. eRnecgyis1t9. 8572.:2L5i9st42o.f4h0azCaFrdRo2u6s4caonndsti2tu70ents 3782. UHCF.aSzR.a1rE4dn8ov.uisrownamsetentdailspPorsoatlecitnijoenctAiognenrecsytr1ic9t8io8n. sU. nFdeedr.gRroeugnidst in53je:c3t0i9o0n8.co4n0trol; 3783. AhUap.Szpa.ernEddoniuvxsirVownmamst.eens:taHl aPzraortdeocutisoncoAnsgteintuceynt1s9.8F8.edI.deRnetigfiisctat5io3n:1a3n3d88li.st4in0gCoFfR261 3784. whUaa.Szsa.terEdnonuuvmsirbownearmsst.eensF:teaddli.sPcRraoertdgeeicsdttioc5no3m:A1m3g3ee8rnc4ci.yal410c9h8Ce8mF. RiIcd2ae6ln1pt.3irf3oic.dautciotsnaannddtlhisetiirnghaozfardous 3786. FfUire.Ssdt.. tERhinergvdiisrsLocnh5me3de:un3lt1ea1dl3P8w-ra3os1tte2ecs2:t2ioWn40aAsCtgeFensRpc2ey6c8i1f.i93c828.p.roLhainbditidoinsps-oCsaallifroemstiraictliisotnswafostres.
DDT 57-47
3802. gU(Pe.nSSe.NrESat)ni,vnTigraopbnolmeine-tnt1sao2lu6rPPcreroitoceracittteyigoonProyAl:lugPetanrnecttyrs.e1a49t0m82Ce.nFStRtes4taa2mn3d.1aa7nrddAsepflpoecretnrndieciwxpAsoow.uerrces 3828. oDfistthriectDoisftrCicotluomfbCiaoluWmabteiar, QFuinaaliltyanSdtaEndffaercdtsive191825/.2W7/8a5t.er Quality Standards 3832. 2rWe,4ve-eldlrsis,cehMdl-opJr.hoMapsh.e;enMsoolixicdyha-apceehlt,aicsJe.Laec.xidt1r9a(82c7,t4.io-RnD.e)cAofrvnoeamrlyCaoqhfuepemoic.ulos5r9sa(am1m3)pa:n1le7ds39b-y1742. 3835, SWpeesctifVicirWgiantiearWQautaelrityQuCarliitteyria1,91828/.88W. est Virginia Proposed and Promulgated 3838. aWnidklfuonrdes,trKy.;wHoorklmer,s.LJ.E. .N1a9tl8.6C. aSnocftertiIsnsuste. s7a6r:c2o2m9-a23ris4k. in Swedish agricultural 3839. odWricgilhalilnaoomrcoshd,liopGrh.iMenne.y;pltNersiuctmihclioodtreoos,etcShh.al1on9red8.4aC.naePrrcaoinnmdooghteieonpnetsaiocsfh5lmo:1ro6ui8ns9e-c1ol6imv9e6pr.anriesoopnlatsoms by the 3847. pmWaeroltoaidanlrougcfhafsr,toeRmr..CoEs.;onmPviheriolllnoip.sssM,inJu.tPsa.c;greeInrew.nis5n:,w83Dit5h.-81r49e68p.3a.irP-deestfeiccitdivee-infdemucaeldescoofmDprleotseopahnidla 3933. oMNfaetTdiooicnxiiancle'EIsnfMfseticEttusDteoLfoAfCRhOSecmscyuiscptaealmtiSo.unbasltaSnacfeetsyDaantdabHaesealtNhat(iNonIOalSLHi)b.ra1r9y88o.f Registry 3993. RDCoaegununglecaritloiouonsf ECCuhorenomcpeiercananlisngC(aoEmmxepmnoudrnetdiftrie2os2mDJauirnneecItmi1vp9e8o.8rPt. rOionJptooLstahl1e5f5oC)r.oammCouunnitcyilof Certain
DDD SCYTDdptOle,i,NlDptDcedd(M'r4bt-iiEOabDpc(-l-Mcco2hyhDNhhrlleiooDltOnd-YoorddyeDrorNiMnilopoeecetb)thhS)bheblaena:oinnnysrezleo-ene
58-1
CNAIK7O2SI-S05R7H40E-80NG0O0.N0:O.: FCOi4RHM,0QU L4A : STRUCTURE:
H
A Cl V // cih- ci2j
AFAIRCTWO/RV aCtO2N5VCERSION 01.30.7068 mppgm/m3 as 11 pmpgm/m; 3. M3O2L0.E05CULAR WEIGHT:
REACTIVITY
wocogaaRDmmOaflarercglahekaeDnugntemariiyaaaenselvDccleltnmrteikagitsseaciipaeto,casositehnsl.tubi,noliaopoeenrlrsocnnemrseceForseraesonogeaottenfowrarnsensxariiositidhritdmgedhantrtaoehsehielegpe.ldrtnsaoxlhemeaeyertgpdeso,rmRleeelrerardotnctemitelaounsoooaahplxiccemerctsoyoiiosebngtcndnr,mdimlaettoirgsagknsaoonpolaazeaiapnsatcrsonmghelthgeaywdisreasaacbleuon/t,uinoetloitxltoamlmvifrhaDsiicglitdnosdiypeDfnto,eldmeiynvosixrcscDup,eaueaifledmiaisttntscrreheyistaidte,zdr(srspealsi2siiolanzi.ifa,y3icnoniitnglcnaT,rshgcralcaogylh5meotwynatod1siomohoidnxuir1nsrgteniipalh)edeectrt.zamrnoipiwztciacncxeniauiyolhibierntgcarmsealhaghnpne,mtcoepeoieiadrawsidoscliteeushkuiasstnaemlh,,laldyi,t.,
CPHHEYMSIICCOAL DATA
DFBAFFVCOOPllrhooeauddaaenmyil(potsomloeasoshirormrnzitiim:crt:gegTyPa2/naHP:lMo0hNPibCritrSglnoioeeCoeeNotitslsalnn():tsodhoLatuterao:PtirT:lmtdCloeead3ea:sioi10:mnttsSm0asto:pC9:1bNl..i.):0u3doN01s0,t1oNEdicC2bar-o.d0lyt0eaa9s0dttsaaatCotlollaiind2e.50E-09
((2233)) (((652793)),60) (10)
58-2 CPHHD(ECYAMoSTnIItCCA.)OAL
PINERSWTSYHIASSETTTEEESMRONICLE-
DDD
SSVLSBSHuoaoioieoslt4Pi(argnuldcacft.aor4amb.toA(rys0cinOCt2il'de0istic4ttcyos0m.iyTtoL:noECa3Frnee/ai-npmna)n,w0No.cCs5ioltoWinC-oColoWmrneodaAo(:f:aetgaanfieft/r.t1tsfrm)a:e.N:.t:2:7r:35o425(1E2C.a3.d3..5t6+.)40a1600t02E0Ea40EE--0+0-C(501e0)5s5ttmoimg/)L
(1219) (67)
((22114477)) ((625296)9)
spDegfpaoararDtiostoleihsuplD.ywnpeBdrardit-oysiiewoecgedfsearrx.setaospegdmreVriacansbotdayellsqaaesdottutieiitlaoltmhsiotn,zaicanadbitsssiueDoyeeDnsrDxtetDeplmoTmaeDtacisioyttvseribesdblsuDyetctrtoDoioainmsnnEsbgmmi.edimosuetobrcphreihoelpdertstpiltiaoonronnewtdtbeholeroemsmisnisnooairln/et
PEAXTPHOOWSFUARYES
TsgUoilnnoorrohpwsiogtltetua/aaglnsnnpikrokidcorseleeuimumlwsbbyn.saiaydltrtim-oteycwyrraaopoyadtcpaencrbtsrdhuienwfrskrsiyaotimisnrnymtogpeonmomswgfrootacisiatltsotenennorttsrhcdieteseeuxburnapnipmcotopyiaifoslgrcuintreocorsasume.tmbsioopetuHnrhaclbtaeaoohutwtfwisooeeaDnvyseoDosbrfiy,Dli.nDtahtDsqioosuDmaist'esic
DDD HHEDAAAZLATTARHD
58-3
AbSi(n1lidug9cvnlr9ure0sder1daesenvndeiasfuSifoesynecma.tsp, tvaoosmsmosictoiianftgeS,dhCowNrittS-htedroem,ppr'-HeDsusDmioDnan, isnEkgxienpsotrisaousnrhe:and
Acute Toxicitv Studies: ('3504')
SLKDImN:1200 mg/kg
Rabbit
OLDRmAL1:13 mg/kg
Rat
osNPLGCItA,roeTapeerRnrnPeocgoCn-ii-tdnDaTo-o-nxDehgcirNNeocDymnireo/tmiNvgncfEaeieeotDttfoynoifanvaeetsCteacosatmtxlis:eeagi:evcsnDt,sieLadiDfabdbieitmucionaratlc:eiittescipeomtd,Nnipno:oc/irnto-mDnithnifecDuldreimicaDrtateaionncnigdstgse.ennfdfeoiafcmtet.aciantleomnriactaesd,, renal EPA - seeGuqvrfiudofiiuevcnpioeccnBaetl2ieninv(pihdmrueomanblcaeaebnrlsiae)ntshaunmimanalscaarncdinoingaedne;quate
PRHEACNADULTINIOGNS THhaenrdelearine nthoesspaemcieficmhaannnderlinags pDrDecTau(tsioenesRfeocroDrdD5D7.).
58-4 DDD ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCRCITUEPRAITAIONAL STANDARDS AND
AIR EXPOSURE LIMITS:
StaAnOdFSaOrHdSAsHTPWELA ((88--hhrr)T: WNAo)n:e Nesotanbelieshsteadblished
C riAANtNeCCIrIOiGOGaSESIHHHH ITSRDTLELEVLHL: ((31N(805o---hmmdriiannTt)aW:TWAN)Ao:n):eNeoNsntoeanbeelsisethastbeadlbislhisehded
WATER EXPOSURE LIMITS:
DrNinokniengesWtabatliesrheSdtandards
EPNAo-
IHHEee-aa0ll4tthhCAAanddcvveiissroorrriiiseekss:
and 10
Cancer g/L
Risk
Levels
(3744)
WNHoOinDforirnmkaintigonWaavtaeirlaGblue.ideline
E PHA-uAmNmaonbciHreintetearlWitohnat(ee3rs5t5aQ)buliaslhiteyd
Criteria due to
insufficient
data.
A- qFuancarouetisctcherwiLtteoairfxteieiocrni(t3,sy5p:b5euc)tielsowest effect level occurs at 0.6 /g/L. cnhorocnriitcertiooxnicietsyt:ablished due to insufficient data.
- Sanacolutctweraittteoerrxiiocsnipt,ye:cbiuets lowest effect level occurs at 3.6 /ig/L.
cnhorocnriitcertiooxnicietsyt:ablished due to insufficient data.
REFERENCE DOSES: No reference dose available.
DDD 58-5
REGULATORY STATUS (as of 01-MAR-89)
P roFmeudlowwecckmspaHDamtCDa(egouRhhlnnnngroaaheglDaexDbeeadyedletQctfetnilommajleLeacTtuDneuddcrrfnde).ltPciifolofiaaccetocsaaforcfiprRWaaynclasTaircnorgfuntlllhtgtnlegidashoa(cdauiet0aagrhus8tenieuntermr.isanhuiga9pefn4nilsitgtmfciialnervs1i5asongcalesgntegutos)4nsngtiAain.tenpieffs(u(anobarra3oTcknge(ffnsdoantnem3o7tasgtpTdemlaesdtrtc76diaiehsrnOtl(67cp(tlrrud3Dseisa8C)Drds)atdr4s,n)eoDsieaTW7e(D.dnttdshrt8p,rhTTtaiagaaT0ceeApsrTni3grOzhc5aanolpd7)aedahihe)mtmu.enso6rm.mategs,adgi4dharnherieuEo)ngDletEcnet.ilouiieufmaetasdftDffssscftlfsloepasIaoioltusDtulstlilrcreutsailselu(aeintuomrortinicubnndsminweb(cmotwrasdsitecjpiasneiteealnlatcaorlulsi(Dcrtcrsithgmns3wetmdsaedosaDd5crtiiesopetriine1telrntoTtrago.igrp,gfasteoiuogettafdnin3smrieooDrrnIeroi7tatdyrnnreoonne6vDdmessefhtfsi3eaacoaffrgaDauow)ytirsupaasbon.srel.)prtbracroaicaoaeotlttnslUmeeeDnhhiccrentgtrroieodtneeaetfwDcsesxauxi)d(.aspacpiaeam3itDecttmiioxmte8ewsrntTeirispg00ounsreoiattphot.2otsmsaaiu0shicrretl)cbtnt1nlhii,oeiiileundlsego0etifahsesastcoeantmi0a:nsolorbnkfqu.ondxrfb0biguuduatoti0yi/pce,taenmre11od,ndcny0tett0aiis0tln,y dSIpneeasrfsimegtaniDttaertisisendwkreiiatnqhsguiharWanezdaaatrpfedorprorAuotsvhceteudni(ndUSjeDenrcdWtReiorCAngRr)ooAufnD(d2D9I5Dn)j-.eccotniotaninCinongtrwoalstpersogram, a owwvdoctgsAptfhaiRD1noorooaCrrnrfiaaaveesrDjmognrodOzssepaas41iuamacttcoDa0citeo0%eenenarltmhnusaCussnidnimdwaeocrcbleitonF-mgelHcscncgranlwuusocaoeRea/ostOiiskonaatnic,tdt2efeTnCmgelittatCwexlo6dseawatyulenotiopnr4wssiaisconannntb.oststhiir3tomtdmsiilhtyfuearnnnl4eeuingeerneegour3ggoErnebrsdadenvcselptteePto,toaHhhsioiaaaetlagntArtiaanodwbpfOsisieyMstnlonrderr2eoetiCdlnaho(irnl6(igat3tlisnhtaBs5yuegnsothh7da(ozin.,tDecb3a8na3iainowalnnisani7i6zd41rnAlwfptsthta7d)93eteeot.cTaor.etd5R9orod(shodnsra03u)(.)taetn.e3oaEEt7seolcesescut7lf8wrEPoqPreoudwef8sEg3ceavuranAsfA2aa,woafcfweptiat)fnneslentirr.3leaaelatmrcrriyaicce7scncesttsetaetttsit8eitdqoqiAceeenviecno4fvuucsdstetoocnt)1ahoeiri(r.mtrrimsn0UraacAsseeJdd0tottwpsgos0uuaDi0p(anoorcnh6nRglinrtttyneDuoniih0udmhaoctcaCnsnj)aaomsah8DehetgtdtRtrrte,igca/aibdwsrktBrn8iAnnai1tiisnges,iotahloe(d9tt)aleHhntsehhn8i1odhtitniha7lao-e9rOr.aiwlncta,vrns8DilhlqtzClego8eutieCeeoatuqrlig,hdsdhsmlrnroieue)eraueddourndifoedanendotiitnliaqrsqnnaahsdudtsuooibupsnahesetna-ttrnidaoezrdawrrodweaglszaeteaaneErraamatqttdloterlosPeueueoddtorcaAenunoftltusde'ssds
58-6 DDD
AtaDCDrhelcosDDpetomoDDwrbp(tareCabiseesbtuEhneldteeResnitssCqthssriuigeuLevansaeeAnemdat)tEidetfn(yedo3pvr7liaeir6Rmno6hdCni)at.mRzuoaepAfrnod0tnoha.4ualt5szhR4aesreukdscbgpoos.uontsnacRnsewenceaetpCrsotauoertnmtioadstpbnerresleenaCosmqafEutstiRaohcnnCeotniLctatihnaAeesidnmhiLniIactigavahbelsailsiitnya JAFaaDagpecDnrdptiuieTlcoiarucnralaatyltunlieIord1vnan,elsrs1elecs9coloa8tffmit9ocea,rimddllEetoihd.PmdeiAFicptousiueufinrssomgiltcriicaeapoisnnrdfogce(Ddee2lau2Difnnc6rTtdg8osm),.rRcDeoo0gnDd.i0steaEt5nrianttaitiocinnoigdd0ne.s5gDraDpe(naFpdDtmIeFdrrRe(etn8hAs8yiad)i9nnu)g.e0s.1Ai%ns ooff dnMdiPrtOsheeuoecnaemrpnmerdmr-aosipbeonneinirihteanoseidtgadabPr(ucpi3aotrcmhp0etoufaeld9ptimrkc)eimt.aecnnuhnxtgollaieactowtsseotnsinpsfvautbeRroocyewrhreignsehpseacxheuanthenyhsroemspcemhithecphamcaitcletlaoa,yaefngdlrrcdeaiohcnnrmcoeSeeamnacretpsoncihntcmricinveaettsupuioslreegaeooonnerunrrtnitneemssbgdsa,euisasoAnmlrlataetocrutstgaiotnoicwarconeg(aensMaellc-rnlitopePfosnarxRsttroohiaacrSctmepheAyaitseiden)nsclredyaaasnnttoisng.ens mOEtimmcectepau-lbpwooayelteiiigtoeehneta(ex3ldp5So3aas9vuf)eer.rteyagtaoend(DTDHWTeAals)thhoalfAl 1cntomtg(eO/mxSc3eH.eAdD)DanD8-ihsoaurDDT HTsruehaqbzeusatiDrardneemocpueaesrnwttMmisthaeftoneartrirpoaeaflpscTokTrratragaanibnnslgpsep,ooqrlartuatbaatenitloitionintngyh, Aoaasfcntd0d.e4t(sr5Higa4MnnsakTptgeo,Adrs)tuaDbtiDjoenTct (at3o1h8a0z)a. rdous FTDohDoeEdf.oaDllnordwugDinDagnDadctCrieoosnsidmlueeevtsie:clsAacrte r(eFcDomCmA)ended for the sum of DDT,
--- 011so...120y5bepppapppnmmmoiiiinnln dpm(re8aip8enp8due)frhamocptiunsrteodil,dasipreyarpmroidnutcotsil and in crude
DDD 58-7
StatAAssmNetplaLPoelWtrDcLeseitfWaariSstcetteTRergrnsAiusnuPlThgam(reatEsoineevogSretenricascaWm,rdciertsaoeiitpttreehitrareei:draE.xbEpyPTonAhsuaerrsAreeamtLsibtviamieetenirtstsefhWseaervcaetetnieocrpenrQ)oomuraasubllitygthyaertieCerldirspittarienodrgmdiaiutthialogennadateldor TfDohIrSeDTDRDisITtCriTacntOdoFfitsCCioOslouLmmUebrMisaBihnIaAtshseetpuabhliucmwaantehresaultphplcireiste(r3i8o2n8o).f 0 /ig/L wLLaoOtueUirsIsiaSnaInAadNh3Aa.s6a/iwg/aLteirnqmuaalritinyecrwitaetreirosn(o34f006.)6. /ig/L for DDD in fresh gfNNaormEerowbuWdinerYdinnY-otwkrOwikanRatgehtKreawrs(a3qta5eunr0a1lMsi)tu.yCppsLtlyao,nfdaa5nrdd/igroe/Lfqu0fi.r0oe1rsD/DigDD/LDDfiontrodsbruiernfknaiconengdwweatatetecertrsa,bcallneasisned
P roFpeoNdseeodraplRrPeogpruooglsaretadimonrsesgulations are pending. StaoNrC1te9feoog8nru9Weptl-avar9acito0sittpioenwn(org3ssi6Petthwd8rho3hetrg)iih.recregahwumswlatsaatiteltilreonfpoosrfllfoaoigcrwreearEmpiePssnAadadn'isnvdgics.hpeadrMon. pgooeCsssthinwasgnthagectenhessatnahagrreeeeyspibnirneoctjtohehmceetieeprdrfoifncoearsl.s
58-8 DDD
EEC wTDcgDauhaiitrriteedeeegcecrmotltiiiranavvirneeeeessdvoa0Aant.lo0ulr0D,ey1srA,.vin20ak.l0uain0neg2sd5fWAoar3antdteuors0tea.d0l(05po53er3sm)tiingcti/Ledne,sdreeidnspfseoucrrtifvaaebclesyt.rwaacTttehiorenrteroefaartdemrinennokting TDp(5rhi4ore0ed)cuttocittvaselisRm0eal.x5aitmi/niuggm/.Lto.altlohwe aQbulealcitoyncoefnWtraattieornfoforrHpuemstiacnideCsonansudmrpetlaiotned cADDtocetinhhoangpiitemrevrraopcseeinprgericcngooorottrhosoinpuvoudgaumrneubeilnidsoannesdcosgttndihenacet-oai,nnwnmrraGcmagnecetstresuodhuaeomtresbiusanmuhsnpg(atroaiideooqen.ilnel-lusue)W.ginr,abcdroatdevaoeilfoscituearetoomnaaerirdtpknnleges-edevdraw(rniaa5nrcsannt3oooubtode8neplbygca)rmhseehttmonisy(eaossiidnnen.acpemrtcrh.,ope,ytbochssrwearurtowrorooibptbuuhshecpostgirooancrhtuuchneiseontvcgsmitemesrprnsoipiaenpetuwoyrsrncui.oohnfodnrhoidlcdraiivohbmrstirii,eatopcessntodtuuhs.bdctsehhisesorsacosihqlu)augraohgtfiec coDWorimrhceeypcnateintvieinednsetposenacmutBtiaohaynothrboiietnfiegpasr.Websaaettnhetir,ngcQouanarceleiatnytsrha(ot5wi3os4n)sthsahtouhledavbyemcehteaclks,edpebstyicides osTDtsehhuhfrihifgabgereehtlaescltcfnttmaqitshosniuhavheocaneaenlcfdilltoooaeiytnngnsthohecoesrentfhyhnmaseestthslurhelpeasfdQeleittllscuilfhsofniiauisfnsohlibfhictltsaoeyatrsptfaniehRrondaeoncaecmdeslqhcasuuhurfoscivosrtrtstareuaebdetbo.eexsrcotgsTtaefaohenhnaSdceltoheimhaetghailuinltllefieoeidsvtdgcheheeolelntinWhnawcsaetheahtenestdiielcpttlrrhfesasiccustohihibfnoai(scsnt5wtraa3aihtno7bitao)cfeurenrtmesesaosfscurfphotloerincitfhye wdDabccOaoniehisrrardcigcdsec/haitochinaasnrtcrolioivhggoshweeasedauarnoloogteosrenefgredooestmtrnhfhiwseinsehs,suitsuteooDbihmorssoinigtsaunuacanlbtnshantscnaaopfteoardnprsgonidhosedcwaoruershorsddapfifescuahi.rhnDctaihetvtaoAhoeenwsrdagg,ivaszreyeftpaorresetuoortaitenosmurm,nddsot-elaeweSfloqreruuafrotumbteimazetrsotretiihr.raocmiyonuade-ecslnmreewoevsmbcfiafraetieo(rrse5csnbrt3icsmooo5nonou)esnrnn,atttpisrnhpiteeclesairetnnsan,asottloet
DDD 58-9
wcqsAcDaauoonnuanicmmddrasyhent/ppoecptio.woritnhtiuuysvaednnt,senaidtdsonleopsls,laa;nottac(suilwooneeTrmasndieotd,,hxopoiepofccfcsuhoctatymnaaerhnsbdrcpeidtlisciano;asmiuoDhlnognmeaaredttgnnnheosadgn;xionceitdccc,irscehyoo-faaeuahfrnnmensadicuddliWtocnesdgassd)aiael;etnnssercethgsthetacaehsaourlkerlomsiarneu(kscp5dgset4oeaewwu2rfnpoi)ndhasrdtsaiictsadceh;rrsisesocppcamihonronrraoscdoditdlnuimcuogdorceipfienogostgif,lnhyshepcuooyhcflcehdlniscols
Directive on the Limit Values and Quality Objectives for Discharges of ddsCPt(1htia,iunaeseirrncc1lysthld9qauua8auiadar8nravnigd.nleteiDrgtdoytaaofignasoeDogsbt.mhejDareeeTocTmruDthsiso)veairnesntSeetdhchufeotrlbiiyresvsqgoteapuaumv,anolpaeelcni'rrtet-isayDsotgnhfDoeose(brT1ajmD7neDi9cdiusst2Dsci)tv11hT0.eba3repi/gsmirgceo2/goLd5/omLu.fpcwtDtlFgiiaoea/oLtdnnre.grwitesoTdritt0oiahhs.ulec7shaDesmaSmDrogugiT/fbesLsdsJitaowaannnasuctaeearsry
EsEP(1erEEa7oC9Cpb3oe)hDsaapilrsreofpcohtrriiobvapeitoseCsd-eo.duPnrtchoipaltoDstehidreecdtuivmepoinngthoef
Dumping of Waste at Sea organohalogen compounds
at
58-10 DDD
58.1 MAJOR USES utc(r5ose9reats)it.cDm(a1DTle1nhs1Dtte8eo)rip.sofuindarIdtsoertwuoepnna,prsdoo/cefdor-oDurrttcmDhieceedaDrlglcyceiosanmuoremscmreiiendceror,nfmcoisaarapmlselcyecoa,innainmldtlryitofthloosleyrtinanUtngthhe.eSpe(.eso2isazv0tense0ddr2o,)np.nhroavosedlgoubnecetgteaienobrnleuhsosaefsadnaaddfnoryrteonrbtaehaglecisctoered
58J2 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS 582.1 Transport in SoO/Ground-water Systems 58.2.1.1 Overview botiicpDpsmhorrrroDgeneeepmaasscuDteenkeeAhrnnrnidiicltsittrtotsy,rdhwsiaaneaooitntnlxculaivlopcagropteomneghhwnrucseeoottnsideuditttncpduniiocinsecstosdusgsttotmolinidclorfcvoopoabfiefbdrnoeldoDoeegnl>in.heDcntD4gniorggT%enIatDhnrnfcloTruyesmooofpnnmnifaotadtmrenhrnetatdm0ehruets.efitd1otaotauehbnncmdtctietashoyhlui.eerxnmrro2oteiiou.uBcfnid5btragui%seiclhtccelhikovdD(etcm2oeehqoDr1fsmeunad4oTtladi5iehuclnir)d/neotp.gctiifsiroirctaoaaoooniIlmtledtu.flsusyou.nori,lscoudaIttDTptf-npewrtaihDrdDsoafeeotdDtDsazefeeuplorrDnscd,niopttstieeshc#dnitsoenh(tviafsi2ieisolsstrs1lowolooa6.mmflmonv4oarmeeu)LeeDj,drnowsiekuDrDdnohielntftDTaatDwDsoaDnlfhDDaoenwawTDnae,sris wvsssapsuppoooeiasrarliriiier,utlllny.ldtebgaiaritosicni,illrraotidoatnnwoyttnsahhrdeoeetqtswrfosmupaioamDinataltiihlerslpDblrpteearri.oDrtoiisriurpoo.toEmenairlrrvnigDnaepdpadtgnuaaneieirsrioticpttisnnfiitotcocsisllsoastoeaaronriswlttoibiuslnnoosorsg.sgffnaottriuemtelIfoexnrndnnoccasoegddacgdsntteeeesuislcnnoeorecnfeapranoyr,sptrtaestramtslodiao,hloimutlnotti,slrowooaowatnsptrnontishbossiansipoocnotlsohilofi.lrlTo,DtsiaasfoHvnpDbiitadalorlhDsettwoseuhnure5aweagDmv8lgmalae-ylDey1inrogds.,iaDniclbcTtglthalcoheioneasseofcrasrebboimetlexnoehttpntoaceraaauaienisrrDlnmncseetteiuDsdescnsulllsaDyoeltoettossndil,soootniswbthniohslyeiela 582.1.2 Sorption on Soils oDc((2DanD1rDb4tDho7DDne),Ds.olsioDitrmAgp,itlisltilaohickrnooietunyi=gsDsihosDp5tfreo.T5ontnh,6ptle)yoiiwsrr(oti2ctinso1hhten4raut7armhac)l.etcetutaoverAsreautisslhzrueeewaeddnistodobhKbiyt^lthaa.aoleivlnriasrgnetladreuonouecifnttcorafgraonclrtoaDelroDrnDbrwdgoDTeaanDnt,necciarcyowsnpcatwthaoseorentfsmuiototl.uidricobnanIbdlntseco,(oseltoseoxhoifgplefisliecKecwoix^teriet.ntgedhta=nsntblii5actot.s3lfee8d)
DDD 58-11
EQUILIBRIUMIPNAMRTOIDTEITOLANBEILNNEGVI5RC8-OA1LNCMUELNATTSI'ONS FOR DDD
SEonivlironmentEstimated Percent of TSootial l Mass of CShoeilm-Wicaatleirn Each ComSpaorilt-mAeirnt
Unt2soa5ptuCsorbai,clteadt -
100 2.2E-03
8.3E-06
SatduereaptedsoiId
99.9 9.9E-02
a) cdb)))
cpgSHUICnhueosaetroiienlrdlccsdoraeeusydnnnols'uacrtsoatecptrilog.totpaiienowtorsinsnoescpnbihconraoonceseusosVefetledfaodnfinlcftouibitcnemaeintneaeMtnc:kuot1eannKncKssfkia,od,aatrseuy==r'rds3eae.20dt1es4.eqcE0d0aru0-,si1i00ptl05iortbxi0poorausniK(otug2mihmol1.-f4aemp7snm)at3d.i/rommtdsiaaoteittllouenaasrintanadt2gne5ddemnCduvoesid(ree2eodpl2n6om(s93one4)ill.yn,. t3fao5Clr,ac3logc6neu)nd;laeitrstieeaodelns
oprrgoapneirctiecasrabsonsu(ref.agc.e, calraeyas,) ctahteioenxteexncthaonfgseorcpatpioacnitmy,aaynadlsdoegdreepeenodf huypdornatsiuonch. soil ceo5ptpiox7frrmnp.ee2detses,aiseecTsinttnsnhgheoctirdeelenevgaseToatotdopfhehrpripudbosamtrietrsighmoseimaaconnannltyuvaioccenpsbfhdodrmelDeulofdaiebDukrtisitgcleplDvetaiereittncyc,dhtiicasoaaou(tclftmlcsihyodohDoasfii.ltuDmastDgesTprhiBDssoewTiwrplncetar,aaasmossusniobtetspsilnaenusbiemcnttdlairyhoo;newenbadsat.itshsliteibloeutldAoryrssspg,ssmistenic.itdvaooseelnnnlsrm)atcaabtroiluiefinbrbhtadiiiealnmliidvtsgwyesioioslanrailstvirenCoegerdefsnhsoahDcomlpaoruDatngnteyiacDcroenebndn5icsei7tsrb,msayeStavietotehctrneteasirol nis 5&2.13 Volatilization from Soils estmoosteluiatmhbsTuaialthrtiteeeyfddovrobaafsDyp2oD1u0r.s3TeppEproa-eb0nfs9ds(tu1harr0eneo)dsuaigsvo2hef3.lr5y.ta1EhgEa-ee0n-09pv5oa,arpptda/mote-mrr, a-pornmerfdseVpsmosmeua,cporgtieln'vi-eo(ti2lusfyo2dmt6e(h91eel)0re.)sst.wsoTTotfhhhiDiaessnoDvHmatDehleunarersatytfai'sso3nr0dalalDCmwaDnohcsEoaatn.qviesudteeabonneutteiscnal
58-12 DDD ecvauptosoobrntnleocialmsseuetsiErsitdualstixeratozepretinahsnesetedatri-ofioniteomnfhisrnaietrocithnndohmfetvneasDootleshnlHiDveestceetvhoDednrimndarhityetapanen'nsoscdfuUmboelnasereDwdiieannDDsnsgd,ucTDiorfecari,nsTanotstfagimteam(asvc1bnatow0otottlh)stehra,hadtifcotiwolhtfi(rDhhz1oiaHe0tcDnth)hia.eDoei-qsnsmtuehveaehiosyrtoatlwdiualmsfotse-iflaleocsiitmfrzooeealmduttfah,ibpootetrionlhouidtDedfniirdefdDfofssiesmnD.rawdeniiwnGrndthcagaientstvhetgehirceinnnaeogvnttcsanhhicfpmoeeruootrirrlmsabarteaeat odfay wqurvvlhoeoounaaslllaldatsaaferete-ttritVlsiirvzi,llfiieooetzzbsllhaafyaaeoettntcpiifitoodalhs,innurpaizonimsa#nurret-aaelgiDa1ootthyee5ncDflseoyormDtonohf1dfmofe7Di(fDt0pDsidDsortDDodreneDioaeDssDlnyep.wnsgif,natpirBtwtnoeheitetdmnhhncriiaeiadtDcisuehadsfoDnslmiiileescilyTshlsaydtelaslchsioltwna,ieofgns1orWhteD0guhtballaeeDdyepnrxpDeifpmecbimexeeeoclrpt)tdaroieemecraxcwobstepltoreoenherrd(nrtcabe2estns2tfeptwrot7dohtoa0ewnbec)rtstideoeoicsmoiieanlmbnc.emgo,etauUhnestctalhdusoohtaireuwnseasfcgeodlattorvrechw.wdtovouploIeesaawf,tlretpaliittrl/ttohiiihhl-zvbeiaDaezsanrtaerDirteobifTvlnoraeenotddimve bdyouWblaeretheetvaal.l,uethoefvoonlaetitliozasteivoenrahlaylfe-alirfse foofrDDDDDT f(r8o0m8, s2o1il51c)o.uld be assumed to be 64.22 Transformation Processes in Sofl/Ground-water Systems c(2o1n5d4Hit)iyofdnorsuo.nlydsOistvheoerf ptDhseDeuDpdHo-cfairrnasntb-goeerdetyxeprpiecrcaatlteedofctoonnasbttuearnaetlxt(wrkea^mte)erlsayt(sp2l7HowC5u-c9no)d,uelWdr eobnlefveierxeotpnrmaels.esnetdalas:
ko* - 1.1E-10 + 1.4E-03 [Off], wHcci(nwoohyirntidetrisahrreileosislntplyyekons2pn^i.tsr5dew%ihsstiaeot)nilh.nft-tlhtsiihvne*eeasrroanivobtdeefsre[rcrOwoovunHaagsttethi]ao,rlnyntatsht1eeo.26sfc,t0oiEm8np8icpac,ehtbneae,dntlwrbdafeartrs1iogo9mnen0rotyotahefndiasdetrhgseeLrqaauithdcahyeptddtiHeornnoob9x.v,eiedrrT7eg,hai(aneo2nsn2eed,7igei45nhs),ttimrtmwheosaaepltteeeeskDcs/ltiDipatvereDererl.iy,o,d wespnixhamhptoiuicotlraohNsarleyoldisshwiiastenaolsfftoto-eislfrmriufmDneahlatDaibetgsidaDhosbtneted(oiewin.nehoam.nsa,evisifdetntohi-umJaepnuauhdsntriaeemeodlfin(w-l2altia1ortfth5eesh5ertoa)r),fpvuihecaostonvuabtdeorerpellDyih1esoDoiv5fst0eDotdolhyyfeemstaoiDsitrgwsDbhhoeatD(1lsbcf0l-hieo)lnei.wfemenxeHiarpoctoaefutwclhrs5taa.eenlvddeawtrytha,osatDetwhrDashf.oveTrenDDainiDreTct, bshiootwrDannasDtfaoDromDnatttohioenbbeiisomdboeergliereavbdeiaodtditeoognrbaoedfasDblolDewDth(1aa0nr)e,eilaitmlhtheitroeudDg.hDITanmoarqoudDaeDlticEecsoy(ssyt3es0mte3sm),. sTtuhdey has
DDD 58-13 osttcokuhoehxfneweiltddo2hoaee,rain2ggrnote-eghipdbooehanisersplnesu-nrta(adopodynlgod-elicb)emghu-hiuceysa(Jtted-2lho(sr1oporyo5f(-olfc2c7ephth1nD)hh.l3leooeeD),rnr.ibDroyneiplaDo)dh(-tduliDiee-.ocencgnDt.hyri,ollat)opnhod-r,aapeta2stto'ci,ho2ae-andl-lt,sbnilico-coiebsh,afb-il(csdoeDpi-eerd(-hDonpcyb(h-DDcdoelhobnrDrolisznooecAorrphpto)vhlhh,opeeeerdhtnniheenyotennalon)vytu-eiildlolr))-te-ncoieghmhntratlhmaooasatrdeebn2oen,eeee2ttie,x-nhn(bca1yrian0lsseend-,ut(naogp2eeerg-1v,rye3eorsn)bpet.teridcudouDadclautDsicoDtn S&23 Primary Routes of Exposure from Sofl/Ground-water Systems cvherayraTscthtreeorniasgbtliyocsvseosurdbgiesgdceuststossioesvnoeilro,afalfnpadtoethepansattiaahlwheaixgyphsospsuuogrtgeeenspttiasatlhthwfoaartysDb.iDoaDccuismmuloadteiorna.telTy hveosleatiflaet,e cgswaoortoornrdpuckipteTseinporhtonseorsaaaftvtnol5oidosl4sani6otrteiieilslNnsiziwaudagtinetlriilnolooentutnsseasnnliodnsdPfuwrcttDhihoaoeDtrempirDate.yirsnetfiLiaDmrcioisiDidmstzeeDspsiatothaewsdssisasiissDb(pe8lnDxoe3pso)Tda.otlusaouesImritrtteeowDonpoaDtgaunhDtldeahdwvtlhnihaosaoyeltdat,otcibaboflsieent2eyws3enex0eoqlpdfluceiehDsacnpestDmetoldsDieiemcxd.tapiotlosioInbstfogusertrshiefttoesrurtooenn.dg rorpboeercoiossgctuucuaelolnnrTttntihsififcamnrreeolonsmmtmfthocreoraastvnuthduiereoimpbfsnactreeachefnekcaaatrenrcwegtooaoaeifmrtftietDopDoranosnDDasrduulDtDasrpunefiesadtbnercyseeagoixssarwpftqoedoasuunrsutnaiucerntdrerfiksace.iowcnoepfagrAatDwgetwsahraDanwtaotieDaserrrmyrses.isstsfuusrugooMlptmgrm,peoodlserivtsxoeeoepsmtim,hiolm/easagesutnprntridooticenurwdtgnabaeeidnyntrs-ihtmtmwi,inosaaahgonltloeseile.swroxtpfiepsToavytonrheshsttreeuiem,csmrlheaieessiyssg.thmmheaayy 58J14 Other Sources of Human Exposure wbcsJdlUamiioanemene.inniScdtlcniilurd.tec,geeaDTuaiaddrbtschiDsyheunteeteaettDdod1dru,beaoi0cssascsrd1ioe.hare1nu9oflano%co7cyofkuee3lf,bddlJ1dotpoae(w9h2wnife7hnaae1su0nlttxitt3wach'oisp)crhtepa.ieiyt(myrdch2cdsoet1Boe3eide,cb.n0edupoeet5c1crnafaD9)ttooinv,ou8ndlDioo9asrsubctfenoTceoceDdntDdonDsmi.DfnstDtoDectheDusaTonneDtnmnti,tldtw,ali(aiinnt2stiiusiddhan2nsbetei6ceinsDoofo8dpygotnn)Dhreo.iceaDndTbeaarsnByDdMtiaceinrDDosmuceanaDsxwtapteuhiinaToohcasmrnooie-sictrmfehiaeiblndneDpnleaaesudenDsfxttrnrhetpiooTDdteotmoyphDs,fwecruenooDitartrshmhveesciiocsrabphbtsosoniiotenaultnudlueninmdccdnintaonDidreeeluiisdnDsneunDtswswTtatreDhh(sieil2aeTaerliosn1ser,b.fU6eet3a.hnTSs)e,o.hwe HowNevoerd,apta,po,n-DtDheDawmabsiednetteacirtecdonincernatirnatsiaomnsploefs DcoDllDectwederoevfeorunLdakien Sthuepelritioerraitnure.
58-14 DDD sift1trlu9suag8xnsg3eusespbsaots(teraetdaqrouovtuefhonnalidutttmdia1sete9mp-l6iwok0osee)si.liptygih.hoBetnreeidcicnacutreosaanensctsDeepnrDotnrrDtaNtoioiofsrntDahoDcfAoTn0mt.1faer1rmoimcinnagaC/mnLetan(kot2ref3as0tle4uAc)ph.mn1eiR0craaitclpoaaD2paD0on%rTdt,Meostifemaxtlihi.lcaeo(r2pa1en6ad3k) vfdynDaoeenaorDagidnlreyDaest0Ddai.woun0ibielnl0atldttae3sas)tksrhdieyanaeeincgotidct/denfkhocitgeieruatn,teoknsfUduraetegeon.Ssfdohftop.slfryeifwncD(ot6f0trahaiD.vs1nemaeD6tellstloyshjnt,oiairisgtmfnieh/ndeekstaxhgt1ptopeeo9rlbdedd7eDcevd9)ttt,Dielowoe(dtur1Dehbse2stee,n4oiywn4t<eob1)ha0.ta9erea.d60srlsVu50emd(la1et1aaasg2nidl/lel4mdiyi.tge5ae/ti)1kbsTna.9.gltthe7,aTse0bk6hoewst(idho2sewyt,1raca3epwlos)om.detuehiaspgleiFtthalriyomrtsyreodaisalnitteneeottdodd1sao9drlatu7yelone9rari,cfnbsayewtev(aoeh2k0rfee.ar0ge0ea1s
583 HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS 583.1 Animal Studies 583.1.1 Carcinogenicity wcTam2aa1a2ndd7ieimr%dm0ecrcne0eeiiC1onn-iodp5wmnoiasfpogrewtamstceeeisehgeirnindtheeeiafhocdktonefeghsroderdetirfgen-fffsccahoeiee7achmvr-cx8ridnett.camryoiwicloasneiaMsegcefotleeer-muDga.gkadrlcartsDeoisoasNeuwndDsrao(pcaeincotetodhsiecnDfnmvoth4DaDirmmbd1anaDDi1pdetaninaalDoeaoedrcindnreedss)rdhiia8ftogawoeti2wnfovsfe2enieidcfr(ttaiah2ephbclrt0paeeoc51o0nmei%6bt5ntnOh4l)soyyf.e7sgcorirbnieorovonnoniarcdmcmidtrcoi3ueiaoen(t2a3cl-ynte9sMt3ree4%owpaddelneaspnrd)siipid,nninomfecfsodreliutudamhfgrotneoeasganfdrtelsalc3esomenit5nawidmnano-wlfgdidfemeceomefaBeirso.ckaael6eptlslC.isAoegc,sf3urnosr8ToFliiraa5mbuhttr0plsera-emaclootasNeisrrcnlCled.I tcchooemntplaTuainnormgiendawgtwei2sri5teeh0tsp5ea4epl%n.m(2inpi0n,0p8c36fo)%-nDotbrDaosnDeldrmvf7eoa3drl%elstuhnaoenigfrdtalhin4fe1de%ttilrmievaieent.recdtAounmmdteroanorleoslsmfineaamnsCdaaFlfen-es1dm. maadlieecsne,ofrceeadsrpcdeicnietoitvmsealys, of 583.1.2 Mutagenicity sSoatcaf.rtlaimtcvihonDaoelstinDiaooe(bDnlWflo.aSvPweetH2rvarpssiHagthrthniCiamlaoiyRntumss)rgiiaegtu(ernn1mscoi1tfet0eisoc(d8cTax)eni.Awncts9itMii8hnnin,cobaTrraanetAeacdmlts1meew0orsa0uiiant,ishlnseToreurAhetetov1vsea5tetrwl3-r.sms5oi(oe,3enddTm4ii6afAauf9stet1s)eara5detya3inol7asstn,osysssTaroftayoeAu,tmure1ncwss5ed3hsww8eiieor)ttrehfneaamnesfogidevbnatesootaeinbvsriteeonvrlecaiiscdrintnersaaifnoisoneutfrwoinfo
DDD 58-15 raecvtievrastieodn twoasa ombusetargveendicinagaesnptobtytetshteuhsoinsgt othrgeasenisbmact(e9r1ia6,).suggesting that DDD is TctcMa(Wc1i1uohn0oh9anlidrntle9hnolsussi8iromgIaersn)bim/etn.aoLetdsnsrsade,moadNrh(pcmnvo3eoouMse,fp4upefldto3ahssi/ulari1etu-stnromb)DeimeggecnndemdyDlnaobeditinrdubDfermiacsarrccnengytaaceo-ldoeonlkllafrislttuat,mcicrns(oeeihaue3nugslbtldo4lcals,sttaw1r,reuimscepo9rerwhaovl)cveoersieoetueotcshmrcrssemta,heeulnpaailwrodnaaotsliieefrnmieonrcdrnedsmechedaeqrwrB,teSeuniowdya1epeomdirrs4n,ttabieepFhoacmrts7nyAifeuont-oaaFhmDmohugkeu2faenDose8nmrd2oDisaib.n,sCgc2nrpithe%needhp1'nerair5-dit.nkaico.hasu5sbedoet%wlsDnuemaeaohdlcDnireeethodcmreDdDnaof.rmganaNtaialacthnAspAuletmetostsrenwoc.erectsuaorteyclfpcaaMlnaacoleputtstoullieahhdb.lonssdsealencilsisdDsaieniienhnosnnacsetstftrmcridkro(neua2a1yaanl8ttm9tsgosi.uae9o4efinro9cnddieer)/na.motMefa.. 583.13 Teratogenicity, Embryotoxicity and Reproductive Effects wnWoe`eiglechfDhfteDceisDtt aoandnl.oi(ten1hs9ev8niuv9oot)tesrteheixnsohtewibfweiotdreitgtehhhseattrtsooaagfmesSneipnicergsalategrcuotiipegv-eiDitnnyai.jcwecletefiyfoenrcatostsf.t5h0aAtnmagrine/kcgerxepharisboeidtieundceubdtyerliiDtntDleeTo.r mitmnreginaliiotfmDeend.aDdlwDUaeiyfttfsehmer2ciah,tnyiiegv3hp,eheaddirnsmootdossaeel4onsgefoony(5rft9lwyli)ina.fsead.lutmecAiranrsgnkeetpuhderleryosdeicsnohtdseaeonnctgirnevicdnaregeiinandsaieafldfdee,ursltetthrnuertaisaststyainnotddnhraoatinmngoefrveeumawlpaapftlrieeooanmrraewtdns.aeesoaTn0rha.l1iteeers sscdtnuheoausbonymtwcde8buTdiet.etdhiaroiennnNnoestoomfo,wuldiceoicsvaovelmeyniisdisosnnteimosneetaoceex4ennrp6Nsato.oC4tsoifeenIfsodfcretDrpetteeor1Doarat0soDt0e1loxi0,gitmic0tnepeigntro,y/tipkrcea7giront2-arydD1oto5tfsDaegtrpnumeDadn,gptiyion/ac7kgcn-(gereD3dnef0ofaDio3ecfsc,0iDeptot)ys-.,i.Dpnown-ODDmWafsdDDfoiastro,pyDhtbsargsilatpen6ihvtrrgyeevtosoeodsdodaufi1ffmc4fpienedeudroapeamefsannxsgtypfreroeersgosxdetrmuapsuourtocuieldoesptedasn.dyw1hetno 583.1.4 Other Toxicologic Effects 583.1.4.1 Short-term Toxicity lcoonngveuIrnlsdiaounnrismataaiorlsne,.lDeIsDns Dfcroeniqsturleaesnsstt tt(oo1x9Di)c.DthTanpoDisDonTi.ngsP,oliestohnairnggys ihsamveoraesplorwomerinoennstetanadnd a furthDerDbDroiksepnredsoewnnt itno tDissDuAes,wbheiccahuisserietaidsilay pexricmreatreydminettahbeoluitreinoef eDitDheTr. unItchisanged
58-16 DDD ovotcthhoarreirregaiteiilsancitdvyoaverslareotrbe,nfiraoawossulpihissdgeeslcrmfa.ioeneersdTti,ta.ihtbbssiotuIsiutltmsimstieeuataslby.iadnitloeietTextsyhsphteltenhaoiteonmrtienhaamedeixtnpuumpaccaleethacinictnatoiodmfownrfiiehtconsaryofodacDsrDcooetDrmnDitoaDiaDnclla,colioosenxarsyuttpsirgncetoeieacpqnrlihauaoclyteiladiyoriinnncmtihndoeietotofsamgobdasa,orbpsulwi'ilg-siiaitnsmsysoammttinhnoadeenraa,.ffwiescidoten cgsPtainhaersrmlseoolpoyssgelscIarwionesaaefmsetftsderrfiaiedoteovscpgevtiwhsinon,hywiljtnu,yeDhaecpmwsrDtowehe5tdDceee0o(arn2rwkecstt0aoiieaevt0snxuhe02.istn)0eehf.gd0apAeiilomnguddfrerogoopet/ssskhhesewgero/aiadancftssaroeytosnleoeoptc(erwrhdhnayunncariotioscniarlaftee4lidtpohfogminonegrrgaesoca/pdkfegdhegireorv/exDdiefnnpanDaetoyhl.sD5eoug0Trflharemhtenehqewagdeur/akhtiasorgynae,/pnpdddnooa'd-tdtytiesoewngofgimsoipevtirhrvneeoenre1adr)4.fpuaarrtcdieioelaodudynurtusheccoteweiwfodhanteshne ' m(r3aa2by7b9iDbt)se.D, mcDKaouucnspakefudeesyrebss,(y1on9aro9d3hdi)uremestceuatcgntogasre,bslbiteneuddthiirmtsehtcaoatyltoegatfhiffcfeeeacclattddosrantemenrsaaotlgeidereoftpfiodercottpdhsrueoocdbatuisdoecrnrteivnobenaydl. tgihnlaenthaddesroeefnsrapaltesgc,liaemnsdice, oaethhxsxyypypfrgooooeOstoihunddtyrhcergieoonlratnitdonaseiduksfcfmmeoewlcpadeitntnisigdaohnitnrhtoo,,exlteaeyaanrdngaddedtininnbd(g1cooro9dsatn9ayhts2sgewu)ew.msaeeuipogrLtethfheitoon3crng0ghs.t0aahi0tnnoDgopeoacfpsnsomeadnixngcpeaaluotsnlhssdooueienrfcicetna1hrudw0eaisa0taces0asdDetdponDrproersDmtdaoutrecrfceaeptomisuoofusrenlectttdeaeoidndbo.aloinfilnnoicgoindrucarpiteneoat,nassekudec,h mg/kRgTinECraSbbrietpso(r3t5s0a4n). oral LD of 113 mg/kg in rats and a dermal LDWof 1200
There were no reports on the effects of ocular or dermal exposure in animals. 583.1.4.2 Chronic Toxicity raavtasi.lCabThlrheo.ensiec sfteueddiiensgaoref dDiDscDussreedsuinlteSdecintiolinve5r8, 3lu.1n.g1.anNdothoytrhoeird itnufmoromrsatiinonmwicaes and
DDD 58-17
583.1.1 No other information is available. 5 83 3 Human and Epidemiologic Studies 583.2.1 Short-term Toxicologic Fffwrhc TcmDSihaa11nold0tu7otiDinr-cmexmtghetrrhiDic)anyouaAnendsatlrusaioilrtoeyshetmdroqnmihduexaonuaymaytnpoilipattncrttrameooeeoentrddrnmpaefhptuzentaiLslcmytrceattooioDm,hsperoasiapLnpathetrfivesrtreesore(aeoor3om(ddaadlo12iblorvduaf9m7eemayscc99ne5ieoel5in)aad0atnr.)anlc0ibta.roblid0lctiseIebnoeooctAslmalisrltyficenlctso,aygrmipmcrcvl/ohitkaaeneorbDagltafdcdarfepraDcemibhneipancnoaeDdaraetgslfsciacii8retsitortbnaeh7dmoslcr%oeoeoteemfftgSlotoanieeoreacrdoafuenasmbfrrfdltleeeaehiaapccnpntenetatearaogfirdudoetflronsielsntte.ancCeeotnteotdoeutttsTasdfihsoinftahhemo6risltiner-.eomneBaugdg(lDdaes-ua3tt'herssnhro6cDteygetx7isn(idineDiy3asoacrign,snndlocded(3xoaDtg5firhu6yusnflo1Daee7cecsm)snocte4D.idtrdd)oe(str.,nuiTutbdss(bhogyh1uouTuel9eea.fthma9lenellot0fiiyosnvtf)eoe.el8ytcrattnooef) oir(inn1ecjct9cuilu9nurr5yodr)pei.tnaongtDhatsyhuoiedss(eae1lagi9v,ee9efsv0froe,)bm.cekttisitTwdionnhengeeey,n,ttCho1oxeNr1i0cSebyeaodefnnsefdeepacrmrt1ese4sas0abriorrlmuoenrwgrra/ieknn(vg2dge/0,dr0ssadk0iyibi)pn.ldleoirdpaaifsanthe,ort(le1dpn9irs9soc5odo)pn.uatciceInintuayfarnteayiqnodudneentoteotfcxlytitachbeledrug 583.2.2 Chrome Toxicologic Effects dwaafmodbihdrerneteoa8tnn"hrb1oamLeotlrdloaicnacslsaomyightusr-iot.etseir(secr3tDma-o2stlri7e"Ddra9ehDmta)radeormgofpmfirhievfnycueliotnsls(nt1regt(af9o-3ft9tei2eao5c8rn)tm4.s1,0o,w-Mafyseieoosrac,erprirgte'dea-gldDneairttDleeiancdnaDttde3td2oaaR7tdii9ontdo)sa.osnaesefeTm(fso1ehafc9hent97ig4.toi5hh)nneeggrrre/aeadsdptptahroieynaerugnntfteaoid5c3lr sumgtath/segdaetraotopoytinad,fplroeD#hos-oDfuDrl9DtmDs,koDignne 5 83 3 Levels of Concern has cNalocusltaatneddaradsIEh-a0v4ecbaenecneresrtiaskbllieshveedl offor10hu/mga/Ln (e3x7p4o4s)u.re to DDD. The USEPA 583.4 Hazard Assessment cminaicrcrceeiDnaosoDfegdDeenitiinhmcceaeirdyffesebencxectefcweaodarfscutinohpboyrgstooeeirndv8ice2td2uinmpinopmrmfaselmeafofaOtrleers7b8rfoaemwtesdeeife-nekMdgsel1(ne26vd40ee70lls5ar)un.apdtsA,t3ona2so91t4e7hv0epi0rdpempenxpcpm(e2edr0oi0mbr5ye)B.na6tnCN3oF!
58-18 DDD bcoonthduscetxeeds wexitphosCeFd-1tom2i5c0e rpepsmultDedDiDn ainn tihnecrdeaieste fionr tthheeiirncliifdeetinmcee.of lung tumors in sceiemcp(mn5omuxhetuo9mhlrrobtut)isouabe.rismGmrsygiettefoeeoDeiednchntnstcDheiooootceCemtstlD(ovotlhp1s-xaeexim;o9gisniwct9actieheeirnaib8tsdtnoosay)eeyiwgt.l.rainerhadetenoaeBvlaastdtitemtaciorarotcufsa,neettpssreDfsetsrfrahraaeowiDteynacovcseldtDgieeirsdnleaelaensdtseirnssxiiicaaccn(ohou3ynavdinis4ntsbunueff1ciwlocdltal9iseerecett)ddmaatiu.roirednenimbndigDbyeauiaslDnrrcstDsaeeaoecDtsflDgdoluenseknmTlneaotadwsglinanu.scaaelogcentraeatiAdevecfvrrfdaaoeaenDbuiotclosb(aasDt1tecycba1deftEltteoN0elulrr8tdsmT(ir,ao1daDPiols9n3naenD84trs(sacg9f6e3Dou.ev)9a0r.lne)s3tm.rD(iu0c9slDaro)iD1To,etwwD6inDhobh)(Dne,u1aetrss9dtenaes9mono0iftt9ieod.fan1)sridyjnmeeianmd,icnoanottgduecdthdasueieuncsee n(mNmle1otogo9ht/n)ekad.dkDrge.eg/tdDGyyeascrDyitosoasrobapsfplrheaoptuthmermhaeoiiraspnotsnheo,snyptloot'(,-go3ibifsb2coeu7atmht9lle)eedc,sroasabnmodutvrroatuexg5lneise0cafifoltetstnohocsw.tats2naho0screD0ceousaDbmudrslTrgtelei/e,rnknsvwggase/liddsitfnhraweiynaqaaloustdsefeolnrnotgeotwesdltcyeehardsntttheoiilcarnneaonvslireedaagltstfrpstoae,arfdrsometdDloioucDxDwceiD,tcTioarDesnafebfx4e(wbp2cieto0tssrs0,;eu0r,).e sudtnhypoonestordenaprsAporraeomepsudmeutuh,irocciivpagefialhrelaloydnadfsyirufnooc7dmreh.me5utsDemogocm/DatkfangeDDbs/dltDeotaeoxyxDiipnctmjoruusesarsiuaydeytrdeeataoledas(fot1rtfe9herbn9ceaeat5tslhl)it.evco(re1olreDr9h,rt9oiiak0cgstahi,aedldg1nlce9eewasv9yre5ibctlo)hise.rnoto(wubuTmteosheuandensaeilselac1myfne1fdame80rc--arCt11sob04uwl0wseghe)(mis2rniged0g/0e'ksr0gee)/vf,dfeaebrycustetsdd.id
58.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS drgcianeolnuapndrtsrithsnreaDegoscneeloarsntnelsaetytacrmaasommtiismpinvpilencmeelreoassefcmt;,inioeopsedllnlduxleeectdcotrshteaafimdocmaDtnseiwpotDflhaineitnoDehlddoaidnnsfcs.dobst4onal0alrmcanaebdpkgnaolsetyre,.rassad.ttosSuihroopIyonnilluiscaalaandidntnaeddblsyise,toswiioiascalnn.otademCtnroasdpsprltaeewihkmteaeiespdtdetlraerwmesrqirgatsueehthqitriroenuiecduiderl7sdestasdombmaceaypopyslrlcleeeobosvcl,efelteiqnssocautptnmaeelldocopitislffysiiinneeasgd pa(6os3lel)up.EtaaPrPnaArttsio-o,arrpyinptforuaoqnavnuneaeedlolyupsoisrrso,sacaseamcdmoupnprletelisesnsuifnoaocrruleustdhelexieqtEuraainPdca-AtlleyidqsMiuswiedoitthfheoxDdtmrDsaecDt6ht0o,y8rlo,.enn6eTe25hocehf(6ltco3hor)eni,dcE8ee0nPa8tAs0ra,atpaesrndoidolrvsia8etm2yn5tp0line
DDD 58-19 seiTdnpxehjtetereeccatctGcrtetoedCdmisoecwnstooeitltrulohvme(aaMnnngteaieetsshlxepcoccrhhdtoarrsgoonr6nmga2ema5cdtamoapignnetrudtdaorpe8thho2die5csxe0eat()penG.caetCroaa)rtnecd(oMtlhauenemthsaneolmidqusuis-iov6nto0gl8oaaftaislnteohdleov8reh0gnea8txn0afi)lcnusoes;rheDaxtDtermcaDhacnstsiisqisuthe.en lMpuiqrsieeunptighdaTosrehdaimettsihoaE8eny0rP8boAs0eofxpaathhnrnloedaectlsye8aedz2mxeu5dtr0prealbse(cy6tre3idoex)cni,troredmaocircftmftesienronSjnefdoirccelotiadimdotinfosot.anhrmemDpaelDeqtshuDoeadorasuen.saelxpNytrsreioasaccteitndeadunsrdoweislditiahplnuridhtmeedwaxraaoinslrytege/aiannscaietcmthopenlees, nacohni-eaTvqyeupdeicoianulsaDsgaDimvDepnldeseatne(awcltyaisositsneswl,iimslloiitvlsas,rtyheatwct.i)tchaanrinebssetrhuoombwtenaninbt eesdleonwisni.twivTaithsyteeawanacdttuemraslatadrneixdteecftfieocntsl.imit
Aqueous Detection Limit 002...00811f12igni/iLgg[f(LLM((eMMtheeotthhdoo6dd2568/0088820)5)0)
Non-Aqueous Detection Limit 11 /piigg/igg ((MMeetthhoodd 88028500))
58L5 REFERENCES Note: The nonsequential numbers of the references reflect the order of references as they appear in the master bibliography.
10. CCaEPn.n.a;dlv1lDia9nrhu7o.ar9nnf.Rme,WeeeM,pnaoRt.taAre.tlLr.;-PN.r;SreolWol.iatmtehEecaidPtktimA,oen-oMn4rv4Ae.iW0,rg/o4F.en;-n.7CmcG9.ye;-a,QnbMtO2ea9lalf,afefisNcataer.tnWei,od.ofB;-f.0WM;21M9a2ab9tyea,,rbpIWer.PPyioal,.ar;sniWhtFnyin.oiRngpwg.to;loelnlarHun,,todaJDln.tR.S,Ctts.Ba;.,:n.JVRdUeoa.n;.rlSn.dG.isnI.ogusl,d, 19. CG.raTnhto, mWa.sMP.u1b9l7is4h.eTr.oxicology of the Eye, 2nd ed. Springfield, Illinois: Charles 23. YHoarwkl:eyV, aGn.GN.o,setrda.n1d9.81. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 10th ed. New 34, Mackay, D. 1979. Finding fugacity feasible. Environ. Sci. Technol. 13:1218-1223.
58-20 DDD 35. M15a:c1k0a0y6,-1D01.;4.Patterson, S. 1981. Calculating fugacity. Environ. Sci. Technol. 36. M16a:c6k5a4yA, -D66.;0APatterson, S. 1982. Fugacity revisited. Environ. ScL Technol. 47. ARNevagatiiioslatnrbaylleoItnfhsTrtoiotuxugitche EothfffeeOcNctscautoipofantCaiohlneLamilbicrSaaarlfyeStouybfasMntadendcHiecesian(leRth'sT(MENCEISOD)SLDHAa)R.taSbassyeste1m98,4. 51. VSaaxn, NN.oIs.tr1a9n8d4. RDeainnhgeorldouCs oP.roperties of Industrial Materials, 6th ed. New York: 59. PTLeiobexrriacroRyloeovgfiyeMwDaeCdtaoicmBinmaen'istktMee(T.EDDBL)ADRaStasbyastseem1,9N84a.tiAonvaaillaLbibleratrhyrooufgMh ethdeiciNnea,tioTnDaBl 60. MUU..1SS6..4CC65ooa.a1ss2tt GGCOuuaaMrrddD.E1(9NA7Sv8aT.i.lCabHWlReaIsUShSinHgGatz.oPan.r,OdDo.,u.CSst:CocDhkeempNaiocra.tlm05De0na-tt0a1o2Rf-T0e0pr1oa4nr7tsp-N2o)ro.t.ation, 63. oWUf.SaSs.oteElidn-vPWirhoaynssmtiec,aenlUtCa.Slh.ePmEroiPctaAelctMionethAogdesn,cSyW1-988426.,T2ensdt Mede.tWhoadsshifnogrtoEnv,alDu.aCti.n: gOSffoilcied 67. Verschueren, K. 1983. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals. New York: Van Nostrand. 83. PsdAMuarsmitostaortmeecbciaaatCritsiooeeenrdspaAfsofoorgroraefttnRihoSceenyespe5b1ta4ey9r6m8ct3hhbf.ieenaCranMlo7dma,itnErp1dedu9u8tCpe3crro.aortPppiporrooniesrnpeatidaotniruoesPtnidsta,etofs9hof4oraNlnoptdahgptye.i8,o8UnAI1na.Sscls..icPtiEe1rts9einod8vcr4iui.ritrnoirenesUmnnLteliiynvstteoardlnsaitttiahese 213. 3N.atWionasahlinRgetsoena,rcDh.CC:ouNnactiilon(NalRACc)ad1e9m77y. PDrreisnsk.ing Water and Health, Volume 265. o4H149fa08rW/1r4.ia-s8,tAe1Jr-.n0;R1Ce9exo.gpouWonlsasuat,sriohSen.i;nasgnBtadyonmndr,iesSDk,t.MaCans..ds;:eaFUsrsdi.msSsk..eenPlE,tBnJf8v.o;5irr-Go2dn1oim1yc9eher6lno,9tr/MaAolb.S;Pe.nrWozteaengcnetseio.rn,EJPA.;AgWenRoceoypd,o,OrMtff.ice 274. D(Aoswcniitnegd, iJn.G2.651)939. Dermatitis from orthodichlorobenzene. J A M A 112:1457. 295. Underground injection control programs. 40CFR144
DDD 58-21
309. Constituents prohibited as other than trace contaminants. 40CFR227.6 347. Designation of hazardous substances. 40CFR116 351, Toxic pollutants. 40CFR401.15 355. Federal Register 1980. Water quality criteria documents; availability. 45:79318. 511. AE0H7na6mvt,aireyPotaBhnmo8mad0e,-n2fHo2tar.1Kl0d.0R;e5teC.esrehmaerninc,hinJgJL.a;tbhdoeerVactoeomrrayp,,aEtCi.biRnil.ci;tinySntoaeftpi,hhaeOnzHasr,.dRoE.uDsP.;AwSaRstrteeopsm.o,rMtDu6.nL0i.0c,/i2p1-a98l800-. 533. C(7o5u/4n4c0il/EoEf CE-uOrJopLea1n94C, 2o5mmJuulynit1i9e7s5D),irective on Drinking Water. 16 June 1975. 534. CDoecuenmcibl eorf 1E9u7r5o.p(e7a6n/16C0o/mEEmCu-nOitJiesLD31i,re5ctFiveebrounarBya1th97in6g). Water Quality. 8 535. CSuobusntcainlcoesf.E4urMoapyea1n97C6o.m(7m6u/4n6i4ti/eEsEDCi-rOecJtiLve12o9n, 1th8eMDaiysch19a7rg6e). of Dangerous 537. CShoeulnlfcisilhoWf Eatuerros.pe3a0nOCcotombmerun1i9t7ie9s. D(7i9r/e9c2t3iv/Ee EoCn-tOhJe LQ2u8a1l,ity10RNeqouviermedbeorf 1979). 538. C19o7u9n.c(il80o/f68E/EurEoCp-eOanJ CL2o0m,m2u6nJiatineusaDryire1c9t8i0v)e. on Groundwater. 17 December 540. IC1n9ot8ue0nn)dci(eladmoffeonErduHerdoupmbeyaann81CC/8oo5nm8s/umEmuEpnCtiit)oi.ens. D19ir8e0c.ti(v8e0/R77e8la/EtiEngC-tOoJthLe2Q29u,a3li0tyAoufgWusatter 542. C20ouMncairlchof1E97u8r.opean Communities Directive on Toxic and Dangerous Waste. 659. eVsatilmueastiwoner(eSeesetiImnatrtoeddubcytioAnr,thVuorl.D1.).LVitatlleu,eIsnlce.ssustihnagnICon*easartehevebraysiusnocfertain. 805. Toxic pollutant effluent standards. 40CFR129 808. tJ1ru3ar:cy5e,73Wo-r5g.7Aa9n;.icSspeinncseoril,:WII.IF.A; pFpalricmaetrio, nWo.Jf.sc1r9e8e4n.inBgehmavoidoerl.aJss.eEssnmviernotn.mQoudaell. for
58-22 DDD
888. rFeegduelraatlioRnse.gi5s1t:e4r6611968.6. Revocation of DDT and TDE food and feed additive
889. Federal Register 1986. Revocation of DDT and TDE tolerances. 51:46658.
891. 5gF0ue:di4de0er6lai7nl2eR.s,egpirsetterrea1t9m85en. tPsetsatnicdidaredcs,heamndicanleswcastoeugrocrey peeffrlfuoernmtalnimceitsattaionndsards.
909.
PpOSc.e;fonfwiWtca,ecohKoold.fo;,rWGoMpoa.hyt;eeerDnr,oeRllM.pegi.W;ruelPa,asetLhriowi.nna1gsk9to,8an0nJ,..d;ADPSn.taCay.en;nxdepUa,or.EdSsus..;.rEeTPnhBavon8imrd5o-an2rsi1m,s1keR9n4a.;t4sas.WlesPasrmlloaetcneect,tifDoon.r;
Walker, Agency,
916. 2oB1nu:s2te5hl-me26am.ieurt(,aAWgse.n;ciictReitdoyehionrfb9po0em9st,iacnGidd.;e2sP0ir0no5p)mpainmgm, aPl.ia1n97t3es.tCsoymstepmarsa.tMiveutiantv.eRsteigs.ations
1108. FMMuourrttaihytea.r,RMmesu.;.taO1g1he6nt:ai1c,8iTt5y-.;2s1tW6u.daiteasnaobne,pKes.t;icMidieysazianwbaa,cTte.;riKalartoev, eKrs.;ioSnhiarsassauy, sGys.te1m98s3..
1118. TChome pBernitdisihumCr7otph Pedriottieocnt,ioWn oCrtohuinncgi,l C1.9R8.3;.WThalekePre,sSti.cBid.,eedMsa, nLuoanl:doAn,WEonrgldland.
1219. Values were estimated by Arthur D. Little, Inc.
1244. sOGeaclertoctrtbeeeldlr, e1Ml9e7Jm8.;en-CtSsreaapuntned,mJob.tCeh.r;erP19co7hd9er.mebJia.craAalsscs,ionDc..iSnO.f;afnfG.tuAannnddaelr.tsoCodnhd,elemEr..Lt6o.8t1a:89l48d25i-.e8tP61seas.tmicpidleess.,
1245. s-GeaSlerectprtteeeldlm, ebMleermJ.;1e9nC7t,r9a.auJnn.d,AJos.tCsho.e;cr.PcOohdfefrm.ebAicanaralaslc.,inCDha.Sedm.u;l.tG6tu8on:t8ad2le6rd-si8oe7nt5,s.aEm.Lp.le1s9.8O5.ctPoebsetirci1d9e7s,8
1792. OoJCufobluytjhence1ct9iilAv86eons)fn. feEoxurrtDoopisDecaihrnaercCgtieovsmeom7f6uC/n4ei6tr4ite/asEinEDCiDr.eacn1t2giveJeruoonunes SL1u9im8b6si.ttaV(n8ca6el/us2e8Is0n/caElnuEddCeQ-dOuiJanliLtLyis1t81I. 4
1793. 3P7r3opFoisnaall.fo4r JaulCyo1u9n8c5i.l Directive on the Dumping of Waste at Sea. Com (85)
1989. aWnaellcohg,s.R.MTo.;xiLceovl.inA, pWpl..; PChoanrnmeyac,oAl.H1.4:1395689-3.6E7.strogenic action of DDT and its
DDD 58-23 1990. ManeodniycmaloEusco1n9o8m7.ics PChoymsipciaannys'IDnce.sk Reference 41st Edition. Oradell, NJ: 1991. oNcactuiopnaatiloInnasltihtuaztearfdorreOvicecwupfaotrioDnaDlTS.aDfeHtyEaWnd(HNeIaOltShH()NPIuObSliHca).tio1n97N8.o.Sp7e8c-i2a0l0. 1992. tF(hAryesrgoclieidtye,daMnidnJ.a;1d9Wr9e1na)atelrfsu, nI.cWtio.;nSitnrarwa,tsJ..A.C1a9n6.8J.. EPfhfyecsitolo.f Pishoamremrsacoofl.D46D:5D9-o6n6. 1993. Kfuunpcfteiorn, Dan. d19m67e.taEbfofleiscmts. ofRsoems. eRpeevs.ti1c9id:1e1s-3a0n.d (rAelsatceidtedcominp2o0u0n0d)s. on steroid 1994. o2M2fo:3irn0gg1ae-ns3,t9eD7d..PD.;DRToaannd, CD.CD.T19m7e1t.aAboblsiotersptiinonm, asnto.rAagrceha.nEdnmvireotanb. oHliceacltohnversion 1995. r5Be3os:vp2e6on-n2,s9eE. .o;fVmeremtaosrtakseinze,dJ.Bad.;revnaanlSclooorttiecna,l Hca.;rcPininoemdao,wHit.hMo.,p1'9-8D4D. DC.ompCleatnecer 1998. iL1n.a1nc.1ug-letnutbrraeic.chhl,oJrR.oN.-;.2CG,2.Ii-n.bgi5se4(lp:l9,-8cRh1.-lo91r89o37p.5h.enCyylt)o-etothxiacneanmdeotanbcooglietensictoacmtivoiutisees eomfbryo cells 1999. Pd22ear:l3miv5ea5rt-i,3v6Ke4s..Ain.; aGcrueletnu,reSd.; mLaemgamtoarl,iaMn .cSe.ll19li7n2e.. CyTtooxgiecnoelt.icApefpfle.cPtshaorfmDaDcoTl. and 2000. DWDorTldaHndeailttshDOerrigvaantiizvaetsi.on G(WenHevOa): W19o7r9l.dEHnveairlothnmOerngtaanlizHaetiaolnth. Criteria 9. 2002. VtMIhnoetolen.rEon5vgaartaliGuopanehntasielovonAan:goetfWhntecohyreEldfvCoarHalurRecaaietnlistooehngaerOoncrhficgCaoRnaniirszcCkaintaioonofgcnee.Cnrhic(eImARiRicsakCls)oft1o9C7Mh3e.amnW.icoarlkIsAintRogCHGurmouapnso.n 2003. oeT1xn.o1pm-oCasFut-irsd1e,icmLtho.il;coelTr,.olu--dr2uiJ,c2s.hNo-blv.oiC,sr(.VoIp-..-2;c5,hC22!-:hob8ar8irso3(lp-ep8sh-,9ce1hnR.ly.oTlr).eo;t-hBpahoneicenc,yhali)n,edtMhty.ole1tn9h7ee4, .ttowEoffecchtemoficlaolnsgc-otemrmbined 2005. fN1o3ar1t,ipoNonsaCsliIb-ClCeaGnc-caTerrcRin-I1no3sg1tei.ntuictieDty(H.NECWNI)CP1I9uC7b8ali.rccBaitinioooangsesNnayeoss.iso(NfTIDeHcDh)nT7i,c8T-a1Dl38ER6,e.paonrdt pS,epr'i-eDsDNEo.
58-24 DDD 2145. PcUFBhrou.eSorrmbt.roliADecwmaresmlt,,rdyiWtceokfM.xiD,niecMi.do;tilioDoCcnag.oligcsNBalteuTliy,doI,eSiaenDnsrgd.eRionpbn.eo;ioerpLrltooiinNggtegihocnta.,tRliAaWeplsDre.eGoa-nApr.v;ce0ihrrD9to4iaane2cnsm3rd6eoe,.nfDJtDea.CvlDe.p;lTooWpllamuontodeadnnaitttsrs:dLd,aVebGIroLi.vraa1ptt9ohi7vry9eyss.,i.cal, 2147. KnCoraridtmeergai,laizRaa.ntDido.n;SPttahanevdoloaruryd, fsSo.rDPi.n;voiDsniuponxob,lauWrryha,ysAhdir.nSog.ptho1on9b,8i6Dc. .oECrlgaabnoircatcihoenmoicfasles.dimEePntA 2151. vsLoeiirclthiacteapnlpsldticeisaitntri,iobEnu..tPio.;nJ.FouAfhgDrre.DmFTaon,ondli,nCTdt.aWaneem.;,.aS1nc9hd:u7al1zl8d,-rK7in2.,R1.1. 019a7n1d. 1P5eryseisatresnaceftearnda single 2154. SMWceio.tlhfTeoe,xcyNhc.nhLol.o;l.rZ1ae1np:d1p0,D7R7D-.1GT0.8;d1eP.garraisd,aDtio.Fn.;inBawuagtherm:arna,teGs.Lan.;dHporlolidsu, cRts..C. E19n7v7ir. on. 2155. GFMlo.iElrl,i,dTae:.d;sCM. REaCbnevPyir,roeWnssm.. e1n9t8a5l.EPxhpootsoucrheemfriocmal Ctrhaenmsfiocramls,atVioonls.. 1N. eBeolyc,a.WR.aBt.o;nB, lau 2157. oCMfoanactnaaltamhdr.yoH,pDoygd.Lerno.;li.cT1or:ra1gt-na2ny8e.ick,chPe.Gm.i;caGlsruinndal,nTaeJr.ob1i9c86sy.sAtebmios:tica rcerdituiccatliornevrieeawc.tionJs. 2163. EaRtiamspeoansprpeohirceth,r,iRcS.dAJe..;p; oGUsoirtrbiohananm., ,NEC.Rh.;e1m9C8oa5sp.pe"hl,NerePew.D"1.4;D:1BD1aT6k7e-ir1n,1pJ7u.3Ets..;toLoNoonretyh, ABm.Be.;rica: 2164. dNUoT.ScIu.SmERennvetipro2or/n3tmNOenoff.tiacPleBPo8rf5o-tP1ee3cs9tti1oic5ni3d.AesgeanncdyT1o9x8i4c. SDuibcsotfaonl:cessp,eWciaalshrienvgietown,pDosCit.ion 2268. ppFrreoodddeuuracctltssRcceoognnittsaateiinnriinn1gg98dd6ii.ccooDffooicll;;ofcdooel;nnciialnultseoinoftnatpoopfclisacpnaetccieoilanlrserfgeoivsriterrwaet.gioisnt5rs1ao:ti1fo9np5e0os8ft.icpiedseticide 2269. Value estimated using vapor pressure and solubility data from reference 10. 2270. rW1e4la:a8rt8ee-,d9G7m..Wat.e;riCalashiflrlo, mWd.Pr.y; aEnsdtesirerni,gaBteJd. s1o9i7ls5.. VBoulaltl.iliEznatviiornono. fCDonDtTama.nTdoxicol. 2274. wEiacthere.lbEerngveirro, nJ..WSc,;i.UTcehcthennoble.r5g:,54J1J-.54149.71. Persistence of pesticides in river
DDD 58-25
2303. eSMvcaei.tlucTaaeltfci,ohnRno.oLLf.;5pS:e7as0tn9igc*hi7da1e,3.bGi.oKd.e;gKraadpaoboirli,tyLPan. d19e7c1o.loMgiocdalelmeacgonsyifsitceamtionfo.r thEenviron. 2304. S1t9r8a3c.haEnn, vWiro.Mn.JT. o1x9i8co5L. OCrhgeamni.c4s:u6b7s7t-a6n8c3e.s in the rainfall of Lake Superior: 2305. rUe.sStr. iEctnevdirpoensmticeindteasl 3PrrdotreecvtiisoinonA, gWenacshyin1g9t8o5n.,SDus.Cpended, cancelled and 3030. amAcnitciovenityaimensdoourfsatss1e.9leN6c8Tt.eIEdSvpPaelBustaiRtciieodpneosortfanc:d(aPriBcni-dn2uo2sg3terni1ai6cl0,c)th:e1er5ma0tiocpagple.sn.icZ,Taenrdatmoguetnaigcenstiucdy in 3180. o5D1fe:pH4a2ar1zt7am7r,ednoatnudsofS1uT9b8r7sat,nas5np2co:e4rs8ta2at5nio.dn4R91e9Cp8oF6r.RtaH1b7al2ze.a1rQ0d1uoauAnsptiMptieeanst.deriFxieadAls..TRreagnisstp.or1t9a8t6io, n, List 3279. pHpa.y2es0,5-W20J8J.r. 1982. Pesticides Studied in Man. Williams and Wilkins:Baltimore, 3284. ctHhoeerlrtsiacopanyl, cwLai.r;tchWinooo,mpll'na-D:erDB, iDNoc..;hCeMmliunirc.paChl yhc,ehmLan;. gS1ec7sh:1wa1ca9cr1ot-zm1,1pM9a3n..Kyi(.nag1s9cc7li1itne. dicMailentra3es2gt7ar9etis)csiaodnrednuarling 3406. rLecooudisiifaienda 3W/1a/8te8r. LQouuailsiitaynSataWndaaterrdsQ1u9a8li4t.yLSotuanisdiaanrdasWater Quality Standards, 3419. cMelalhcru, lUtu.;reMs. iMlteuntbaut.rgReer,s.H4.0G:1.0179-7161.8.Effect of insecticides on Chinese hamster 3431. raMactat,isolmannoisunksyeo,,rCgaanJnd.;ochWhalmiollrsiaitnemresh,peeGps.taMitcoi.dcye1t9eh8se1.p.JaE.tovTciodaxericnciconelo.gfEoenrnivcaiinrtoyen:p.LiHgaecenkaelttohifc. g8me:n1oo2dt1eo-1xo3ifc0i.ty in 3469. E1M9n8vo6irr.toenlSm.aaMlmnsuo,tnaKegl.el;anH.ma8wu:(tSoarugtpehpn,IiSci7.t;)y:L1ta1ew9stlspo.rp2,..TR.;esSupltesckfr,oWm.;thTeaitneesrti,nBg.;ofZ2ei7g0erc,hEem. icals. 3501. WNeawterYoSrtakndPaurbdlsic, CDoridnekiRnegvWisioante,reSffteacntdivaerd1s/9/18998.9. New York Public Drinking 3504. ENfafteicotnsaol fInCshtietmutiecaflorSuObcsctuanpcaetsio.nOalnlSinaefetfyilea,nJdanHueaarylt.h 1989. Registry of Toxic
58-26 DDD 3513. 5Nte0at-rt2ia9oc-nh3al,ol7rTo2od-5xip4ic-h8oel,no7yg2lye-t5Ph5ra-on9ge)r.,aNpm,TpP1'-97dT8iec.chhDl.oicrRhoedlopirp.ohSdeeinpro.hled1ni3cy1hl.tlroircoheltohryoleetnhean(eC,AS No. 3539. rOuclceu. pFaetdio. nRael gSiasftet5y4:a2n3d32H. ealth Administration 1989. Air contaminants: final 3673. 2Smro2eut-tabhbiseo-rl(ni2s,-mcAho.lLofr.;oinpTfhuoescnehdyiml-c4oo-trcothi,slooSrl.-;o7pI-shHue.rnuSygItie),-r1Ko,i1.d;,1se-t7d:a1iLc1h-21lo99r.6o6e.tThahneee(fofe,pct'-DofDD) on the 3674. sSyonudtrhoemrne, wAi.tLh.;oT,po'c-DhiDmDot.oJ,.SC.;liSnt.rEomnd, oLc.;rientolalM. 1e9ta6b6.. R26em:2i6ss8i-o2n78i.n Cushing's 3683. dSotactuemWenattaetrioPnr.oDgreacmems bTeerlep19h8o8nethSrouurvgehyF1e9b8r9u.aPryer1s9o8n9a.l communication and 3744. SCUyi.nSstc.eimnEnn.avOtiir,nolOninmHee.nfitlae.l UPr.So.teEctnivoinroAngmeennctyal1C98r9it.erIiRaISan. dInAtesgsreastsemdenRtisOkfIfincfeo,rmation 3763. f5Uo1.r:S2.e0xE4i2snt9vi,nirgaonnadmnde1n9n8tea8wl, P5s3ro:ou4tr0ec5cet6si2o.onf4A0pgoCellnFucRtiyo4n01:3986A65.ptGpoexennicdeirpxaolBllp.urtaentrtesa. tFmeedn.tRreeggiuslta.ti1o9n8s6, 3764. hUa.Sza.rEdnouvisrosunbmsetanntaclesP. rFoetdec.tRioengAisgte5n1c:y341594876,. 4R0epCoFrRta1b1l7e.3q.uantities of 3766. a(UCn.SdE.RnEContLivfAiirc)oa.ntimonenotaflhPazraortdecotuiosnsuAbgsteannccyes1.9F8e6d. .DReseigginsatti5o1n:,34r5e3p4o.rt4a0blCe FqRua3n0t2i.t4ies, 3767. c5Ua1.tS:e4.g0oE4r2ny1v,.irp4or0netmCreeFanRttma4l1e3nP.trostteacntdioanrdsAganendcymo1n9i8t6o.riEnlgecrterqoupilraetminegntpso.inFteds.ouRrecgeist. 3768. c5Ua1.t:Se4.g0oE4r2ny1v:.irp4or0nemtCreeFanRttma4l3e3nP.trostteacntdioanrdAs gaenndcymo1n9i8t6o.riMngetraelqfuiniriesmhienngtsp.oFinetd.soRuergceist 3775. gUr.oSu.nEdn-wviartoenrmmenontaitloPrirnogt.ecFteiodn. RAeggeinscty5129:28579. 4L2i.st40ofChFaRza2r6d4ouasndco2n7s0titAupenptesndfoixr
DC
DDD 58-27 3782. HUCF.aSzR.a1rE4dn8ov.uisrownamsetentdailspPorsoatlecintijoenctAiognenrecsytr1ic9t8io8n. sU. nFdeedr.gRroeugnisdL i5n3je:3ct0i9o0n8.co4n0trol; 3783. AhUap.Szpa.erEnddoniuvxsirVwonamsLteens:taHl aPzraortdeocutisoncoAnsgteitnuceynt1s9.8F8.edI.deRnetgifiiscLati5o3n:1a3n3d88li.st4in0gCoFfR261 3784. whUaa.Szsa.terEdnonuuvmsirbowenarmsst.eensF:teaddl.isPcRraeorgtdeiescdLtioc5no3m:A1m3g3eer8nc4ci.ya4l10c9h8Ce8mF.RiIcd2ae6ln1pt.3irf3oic.dautciotsn aannddtlhisetiirnghaozfardous 3786. RUthe.iSrgd.isELscnh5ve3ird:o3un1le1md3e8nw-t3aa1sl2te2Ps2r:.oWt4e0catsCitoeFnRsAp2e6gc8ein.f3icc2y.p1r9o8h8ib. iLtiaonnds-Cdaislpifoosranliarelsistrticwtaiosntess.foFredfi.rst 3802. g(UPe.nSSeN.rESa)tn,ivnTigraopbnolmeine-tnt1sao2lu6rPPcreroitoceracittteyigoonProyAl:lugPteanrnecttyrs.e1a49t0m82Ce.nFStRtes4taa2mn3d.1aa7nrddAsepflpoercetnrndieciwxpAosow.uerrces 3828. tDhiestrDicisttroifctCoofluCmobluiamWbiaa,teFrinQaul aalnitdy EStfafencdtaivrdes1129/2875/.85W. ater Quality Standards of
DDE SCYDDOldebb,tNiiieDlMchcsn'W(bOe-E4z(nlM-doeoNycnrirhlcOoYeoihldd)eoNlMetiorpbnoryhSeol)e:ennyel-
59-1
OciNCIAK7O2SV-S59RH54E-59NG00O.N0:0O,:
FORMULA: c,,H A
STRUCTURE:
C-CI2
AFAIRCTWO/RV aCtO2N5VCERSION 01.20.7979 mppgm/m3 11 pmpgm/m; 3. M3O1L8.E02CULAR WEIGHT:
REACTIVITY
cDmCohDomaleEppctoueiuslranar5dn7ss)ti.irmsupcthtuuerrriteeyftoionreDDaDDlsToT. erxIeptssiedcruteeeadsctaitvonidtbyeiswsioitmfhisloiamtrhiel(arsree
CPHHDEYAMSTIICCAOA-L
VHVLSASSSPFFCOODFBaooulhlroioao5(euedmd(aastliareyganlinp.uotldcosmol6fmetsotshiororbar.rAi9nzi(imy:scrc2:it2gOeCgilTd'aPyeH5s0tin/(NaPtl:yMcsooph"bPiyWgToLt:roCCnitrS,alnoireepeeeeaNo)it)(nhpistlndnsa,awn'Nn:tso.ihLoatstuittielsWoiot:nPeiC-TrCo:aom2CdlWoednmoe0adaoA:oiiNm::etnttanSamieesaCfrttosot:prfr6a::te.b)NNl):..:.ir:,:d2udoNo8as51,P428ttto.N.1ddEoaic1a7..b4.5raaEro89-dl0y6ttt70e0-aaais.0d(E2tE6ttCoi1saaao0+-o,mtln0Epla0lmii4gn-5d/C0g/ieLas/6omtoemm(3fafet.()ram:2)t30/2mC0o)Cl )
((5599))
(59) (60)
(((116270)1) 9)
((61502) ) (2269)
Bioconc. Factor: 1.10E+05 (bluegill)
(2001)
59-2 PINERSWTSYHIASSETTTEEESMRONICLE-
DDE smgltppDptiooorgarraDiooehtlysbhsudptEu.e,wnoebnTmrdbaetilts-uyhiriiwgeaniteemhfsnaaxro.dttnsoppcelotmcooerVmuccrfosatrtaiayeanlsttqasdienaottuenteinxaptlmtiottrzroiBdoacebfdceitmoesiegusoydsoreenrssealrteygdbteilmornamaesatdtlaiisodisytvoowsaDebnibtlllusiyyDseotpt.rnEnrioaimosonPnicwtsmghmeiieosemotsusxhxtbocopppriihloslnopeyeorscststiesitiillaosonedonndipwilttsstaehotrlreoeeotxixssciusbpspnloeneeoiscsl/ttehedde
PEAXTPHOOWSFUARYES
Twdsdoafroncrohaomcidmtmneueekesrrpitssnirrtsionniiogymicsnlstwmtagaaoerannmroyttciseembetpnrisisaadso.sliteasttuhhnucpwmcceapuaytalimymioytenoiuosgbs.lfraesaboctHtiiroeoimbocnonanpwctueoboeorsryvneftseaoaDronfiq,rltfD.uoteDamhExtUiDispctptoEhiotossea'ursgnkgrsroealeoootniuwblpi/lnsygaimkdsrtchoeosrwllwuyuoonaapbrttdysieols-irtyin
HHEADAZALATTRAHD
TSihgenrseaanrde SnyomrpetpoomrstsooffSahcourtte-tehrummaHnuemxapnosEurxepotsourDe:DE.
Acute Toxicitv Studies:
OLDRA*L8*80 mg/kg
Rat (3504)
LePINEGaCAmnroPaTedenRrbnAPgcgroCani-vtntTaoo-o--nxethgorciiNPGecgxmyniohior/tciNsoynciEcuiteietnoDifopyvfnnaaeercBscCtaaeastett2lisn:esvag:.tisn(LrdDspeaiieLrafdmtnioiticovacibatne:eeatrsidbNomldneoeia:ctvmheidt,uaeemgrnnaeeactgnoeagtcbeiavunreticcio,rnanfotlesgyteonitno) xciucltourre
PRHEACNADULTINIOGNS THhaenrdelearine nthoesspaemcieficmhaannnderlinags pDrDecTau(tsioenesRfoecroDrdD5E7.).
DDE ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCRCITUEPRAITAIONAL STANDARDS AND
59-3
AIR EXPOSURE LIMITS:
StanOAdFSaOrHdSAsHTPWEAL ((88--hhrr):TWNAon):e eNstoanbelisehsetadblished C ritAANNerCCIIiOOaGGSSIIHHHH IRTSDTELLELVH:L((n31(o805---hdmmraiitnnaT)):W: ANN)oo:nneeNeoessnttaeabbellisissthhaebeddlished WATER EXPOSURE LIMITS:
DrNinokniengesWtabatliesrheSdtandards
EPN-Ao
IHHEee-aa0ll4tthhCAAanddcvveiissroorrriiiseekss:
and 10
Cancer /ig/L
Risk
Levels
(3744)
WNHoOinDforrinmkaintigonWaavtaeirlaGblue.ideline
E PAH uANmmoabncireHintteeraWilothnate(e3rst5aQ5b)uliaslhiteyd
Criteria due to
insufficient
data.
A- qFunacarouetisctcherwiLtteaoirfxteieiocrni(t3,sy5p:b5eu)ctielsowest effect level occurs at 1050 g/L.
cnhorocnriitcertiooxnicietsyt:ablished due to insufficient data.
- Snaacoultctweraittteoerrxiiocsnipt,ye:cbiuets lowest effect level occurs at 14 ,ug/L.
cnhorocnriitcertiooxnicietsyt:ablished due to insufficient data.
REFERENCE DOSES: No reference dose available.___________________________
59-4 DDE
REGULATORY STATUS (as of 01-MAR-89)
P roFmeudlgssDscDppCEsmfataEegttooeohunrreoaaloflDDatluelaeerdfiwlntruandalommarleEEmaudleesuecwdnilrPaertniilefwectsisindrari(ttnRWnausgdaDocceitifelgsbelttedssagoslicsauDelnoijgrmtrihsrptefremmae(uptTe(oaciegoirmet3lrnetrrtrerihoiaada5rtuncrsgsmrtaetAtt1nlsnteiiyiodutaoon,oeescioaasdisornwngttan3fdmoyoanisfsar7n.iufbf(sroenoa6og(3rioeturnCnapr3s8coDsclmndpvD)riee0xtWtr.ttDioet2iuegDhocecccc))AolaEuoeaxaiUeaEbfpfntitsti)atissniepls)ooctinnte0tgsaderliopdwe.lmnotmss0euwtiro.trganar1atcomiiailacscn0lexhtstettTilneshiaetoidueham:otkbtrihtsudeaen,sixsgiueeorlteuifs/cclemtccnd1iruepfosahhdeo0icb,xomsneebwmt00f,ijrmmiiaroyc0.enbshg0onarchiiimae0Dppncdcektainn1anaanldoganDatinllgctlncyosctl/yleoTsuiuhaiewn(fdgfmgtafla3fo(agcaai/leanvTo7nsauLutncnnucer6en(eTtletedhgra3up8unbrOaat7ed)rfTtaci.ienrofia6ant)rnlfehgiscsy7fglicgnettdiutTp)sauies,(irTestppnrfasr8shoesnriscieinide9ettmolotenhtsatdrla1enmtsgalneera)Tsiiirac.smdrdtnm(pfTagtist8sDaodominoeO0rtrtretDiadehad5hnea.nlatDe)neTrgtidr.aocoteDdptnusrpTsg,iclhies
vosRDSrtnhohiDhii1nnnhoearraaa0oeeDojcqmgerzzz0temstluesiauaaat0uoEocaeqlbnnrrriottaddunrudaddiedimnnweeocercielaooo-sdtsdemcngawnluuuetscce/slrcsesskoodaoititasptennoCmnegtnietwwwtxsertwtecedopsioropw1aaadeEsdanomo%tsnssiotafdsPsltttuaeotAleufnaeeueerrAsnrrsslldHnebavs4gdvt'ap,tatcoe0srccaasOiiahileoCofotntlghnwpaeeCainninoMFornuandmtrbettsnsomnznoRuaallawiuatelbhitiagmceys2onnrrnayliaarn,t6dlTebiinudoeslaynnt4aoEsidt1sae-,lftggte.utw9ctte3PeoswcehtsRhd9d4atbhHnoAhreo0a.n3tweeanerertOhoctltseecrfaa(hoohoiElaeoraCe3nogsargvzisrnmf7ftsegcsnawe,tefet8,i2eyenrlorrnlaaia6r6icodcyananasensn)(t5orontttirt.Bi(ddt.eiAneuvtda33oowedoDssest74cnrsqEatethdot7i3AasiniwuodAnPsetii5ldsraluTgnagu(A)spgpi(lc3.esrn)Rgiaorlotn7fesntiuenosronsuCaot8taEjasesthrrictes2c.ctlqReef(ipec1cc)bf3warutn.f80eoAoce7iitEaih,tco0tocrnmrt8)cretPdtihm0net1ic3aedieaslaaAvh9dt)i.pnmiwnnt.ie8ntoiotchBe8cegrinuCJoensosl,a/eDelsuknrtgqnteswaumlgdDrdtutgyennntihasirioqtEaoddosrm8ahenuipra(ene,anlHiasiorori-ttntlsdl1glsgoeihOitaqa9rsrqerhettluo8nCuoiahu7ttioaoitdshhad,nnt)faeveadinedlirls
sbCDArttheerocDpeeetmsonaEermpt(irdaCissesbe(Ehu3pldeeeR7eend6nsCqs6idguifL)vona.euArnaptt)ERieotdnnyCvRalitirhmAoheniatmhczooaaenrfzndac0torea.dnu4lost5Rru4saseutksibwopgsna.otssantnRseoecefesptCtrouhoerneamtdmacpebhsreleencCmsoqaEinucttRiaaaolniCnsntiLiitanniAnegdsthDhLeIDatiwavEhbeaaislsbaitteluyasto
DDE 59-5
JDFAaaagpecDnrpdtiuiTlecoiarucnraalatyltnulieoIdr1vnan,elsrs1elecs9clooat8ffmit9ocea,rimddllEteoihd.PmdeiAFicptousiueufinrssomigltcriiceaapoisnnrdfogce(Dede2lau2Dlfinc6rnTtd8ogs)m,.RcrDoeo0ngDd.0itesaE5tnirntataiioctnniiodgd0n.e5gDsrADaepacnpDttdmerdr((Feet8shnI8iaFyd9niuR)n.egA0s.1)Ai%ns ooff tMdiPdrOsheueecneamrpomerdmnrasoipeo-neninbrihtaenesiiodgtdabP(raupi3acotrhmp0ectofaleu9dptircm)keimt.aencnhunxtgolailectoawtsseotnsnpisfavutbRreoocyewrrheignsehpseacxheuanthenyhsroemspcemhithecphamcaitcletlaoa,ayefngdrlrcdeaoihcnnrmcoeeSeamnacretpsoncihntcrmicinevaettsuipouslreeegaooonnerunrrntitneemssbgdsa,iuesasoAnmrllataetocrutstgaiontoicwarconeg(aensaMellc-rnliotpefPosnarxRtstroohiaacrSctmepheAyiatsiedenn)sclredyaaasnnttoisng.ens wOE(3mec5ic3gpu9hlpo)t.aeydteieoanevaxelpraSogasuefert(eyTtWaonAdD)DHoTefals1thhmalAgl/cmnto3.t(eODxScDeHeDAd)iasna8m-heotuarbotliimtee-of DDT TsHruehaqbezusatiDrardenemocpueaesnrwttMmisthaefotneartrirpoaeaflpscTokTrratragaanibnnslgpsep,ooqrlartuabtaatenitloitionnitngyh,Aoaasfcntd0d.e4t(sr5Higa4MnnksapTgteo,Adrs)tuaDbtijDoencDt (t3ao1h8a0z).ardous TFDmoiohDlaoenaEdunf.fdoaaDlcnliortnduwurgcDienrdDaugnddDadeacitsCrrioyeooysnsibpdmrelueoaeevdntsieu:clocstiAl0sa,.cr1(t8e18.p0r8(peF)mcDpopmCimnmAd)iernniedpdeedphpofeoprrsm, tih1n.e2t 5souipml,pmsopfeianDrmDTin,t StateAAssoNptrLlaPWeltmcDLesaitfWotairSercetrTeRegnsAuPssutlTrharm(oaitEsngieevoSrgreenaiecmsnaW,tdcseraociitprtteheittrreeeidrraEi.axbE:pyPTonAhsuaerrsAreematLsibtviaimeetenirtstsefhWseaervcaetetnieocrpenrQ)oomuraasubllitygthyaertieCerldirspittarienodrgmdiaiuttihalogennadateld TD(D3hID8Se2TT8D)Ra.isIntCdriTcittsOoiFfsoCCmoOelruLsmUibnMiasBuhIraAfsacae hwuamtearnclhaesaseltdh fcorritepruibonlicowf a0teprxgs/uLppfolyr gfNNaormEerowbuWdinerYdninY-otwkrOwikanRatgehtKreawrs(a3qta5eun0ra1lMsi)tu.yCppLstlayon, fdaa5nrddngroeffLqu0fi.or0er1sDnDgDDfLEEfiontordsbruienrfknaiocnengdwweataettecertra,cblalaenssiend
59-6 DDE
P roFpeodseeNdraolRpPergrooupglaortasiemodnssregulations are pending. StateNCor1ef9ooWg8nru9eptal-avatr9ecito0sritpionwo(nPg3ssri6etothdw8hg3hretr)aiih.ercmeghwusswlataatiteltilreofnpoosfrllfoaoigcrwreearEmpiePssnAadadn'isnvdgics.hpedarMon. pgooeCsssthinwasgnthagectenhessatnahargreeeeyspibnirneoctjtohehmceetieeprdrfoifncoearsl.s
EECTwgcDDauhaitriiteedreegeecrmocltirtianaviirvneeeeesdvsoa0Aant.lo0ulr0D,ey1srA,.ivn20ak.l0uain0neg2sd5WfAoar3antdteuors0tea.d0l(05po53er3sm)tiingcti/Ledne, sdreeidnspfseoucrrtifvaaebclesyt.rwaacTttehiorenrteroefaartdemriennnokting TDp(5rhi4ore0ed)cuttocittvsaelisRme0al.xa5itminuiggm/Lto.altlohwe aQbulealcitoyncoefnWtraattieornfoforrHpuemstiacnidCesonansudmrpetlaiotned ocDDceAittnhhoanriipteegrmrvropcsaeeipregirccnngoorottorosionpuvhoudgumrneuabeinisdannlesdcoosttnidhnegact-oa,inewnmrrnaGcmagnetestrescuhduaeootresbiusammnuhsng(atroapiideoqen.ilonel-lsue)W.ugira,bcdrnoatevoaeildfociuteasretoomnaerirdatpnklegsen-evedraw(drniaa5nrcannt3ooosbtode8uneplygac)rbmheehtmsoinsy(etossiianden.acpenmtrrh.,ocpy,tbocehsrwreasurtoorrooibpwtbuushecposhtgrooanrihtuuccneiseohntvcgsmiteersprmnsoipienpetuaworsryncui.oohnodnrhifdlcodaiivohbrsrtirmi,ieaotpcesntodtushsu.bdtsechiseshorscasoihqlu)augroahgtfiec ocDWorimrhceeypcnateintvieinednsetposenacmutBtiaohaynothrboiietnfiegpasr.Websaaettnhetir,ngcQouanarceleiatnytsrha(ot5wi3os4n)sthsahtohueldavbyemcehteaclks,edpebsyticides oessTDthhhufrihifgagebreehtlaescltfncttmaiqtshosniuahhveocaneaenlfcdilltoooaeiytnngntshohecoersnetfhyhnmaseestthsulrhelpeasdQfeleittllscfuilshofniiausifnoshlibfhictltsaoeyatrtspfaniehRrondeaoncaecmdesqlhcausuhurcfosiovstrtrst.areuaebedtbo.exesrcotgsTteafaohenhnaSdceltohiemhaegthailuinlltlefieeoidsvtdgchheeeoleltninhWnawcsaetheahtenestidieclpttlrrhfesasiccustohihbifnaoi(sc5stnwtra3aiahton7bitao)cfuernertmesesaosfscurfphotloerincitfhye
DDE 59-7
wbcdcaDOaoniehirsrardcgicdsec/haitochinaasnrtcorlioivhggoswheseaedauanrolooetgsorenfegreodoestmtrhnfhiweisnsehs,suitsuteoobiDhmorssoinigtsuanuacanbltsnhantscnaaopfteaonrdprsgnodihosedcaworuershorsddapfifseucahi.rnhDtcaihtevtaoAhoeenwsradg,givaszreyftepaorresetuoortaitesnomurm,nddsot-elaeweSfloqrreuuafrotumbteimazetrsotertiihrr.aocmioynuad-eecslnmreewoevsmbcfiarfeaiteo(rsre5csnbrtic3smooo5nonoue)snrnn,atttipsrnhiptecelesairetnnsanastotloet
ccqswaDAauoonunanicmmdradsyhent/ppoecptiowo.rtinhtiuuysvaednnt,senaidtdsonleopssll,aa;nott(casuilwonoeeTrmasndieotd,,hxpooiepofccfcsuhoacttymnaaerhsnbdrcpietdilcsnaio;asmiuoDlhnognemaaredttngnhneosadgno;ixncetdiccc,irsecyhoo-faaeuahfrnnmensadicuddliWtocnesdagss)daaile;etnnssecrethgshtetaceahsaolurkrleomsiarneu(kscp5dgset4oeaeww2ufrpnoi)nhadsrdtasiictsadceh;rrsisseocppcamihonornrraoscdoditdlniumuocgdorceifpienogostgif,lhnysehpcuooyhcflcehdlniscols
sddt(CDP1thiia9unaeisei8rnrrccl8eysthldquacu.aautaidarnriavnivgdnleteeiDrgtdoyataoofignnasoeDosgbt.mhtejDahreeeTeocTmrtuDhsiLos)veaiirnsenmtSeetdhchufieottrlbiiyresvVsqgoteapuuaamv,anllopuaeelcni'rrte-teiasysDostgnhfDoaeosebn(rT1adjmD7enDic9udQisstD2sicut)v11hTa.0eba3lirepi/tsmgyrgceo2go/OLd5/omLub.fjpcjiweDtlgFiica/eoaotLdtninrev.gretitessooTdrt0foiahaso.ulsec7rshDoemaDSmfDrigugsJiT/becsaLsdhsnitaowuaarnanasgrcteyeeasrs1o, f
sEEP(e1rEEa7oC9Cpb3oe)hDsaapilrsreofpcohtrriiobvpaeitoseCsd-eo.duPnrtcohipaltoDsteihdreecdtuivmepoinngthoef
Dumping of Waste at Sea organohalogen compounds
at
59.1 MAJOR USES atmecdehteangDbricoaDaldilEtaegtirios(a5ndn9ee,pirD2toh0Dde0ru1Tc)p.t. rooDfdDuDcEDedTisn(aoslresoeuspCerdheascpeontmetrmin5e7rm)ciaaamnlldymaiisnliaftonhuesnydUstneaimstesadacSsotnaattaDemsDi(nT5a9n)t. inIt is
59.2 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS 59.2.1 Transport in SoO/Ground-water Systems 59.2.1.1 Overview pt1h-r3eo%diTuncshoteefcottpifhcreiDedsweDeneTDicgeDhutTnodfoeafDrnddDaiceEtorhofeiobnlimctinhicteioctnhieddeneivttiiderocionchnson,mfiocaelan.nldtmDiistiDxhptEuarisrmiesba(ert2ehil1ney64ptfho)r.ueinncrdiepstauolltdeoqegfuratahlderaotuiuosgenhloyf pDiitssh,ooDpemm'ToLeies,rrpiocskom'menoiesisfDgroishsDmDttsoDeTbfroE,eDftDye6aDpx5DripT-ecE8ea0ccldlo%teyeenxgdimsrsipatdtas,doepkira'ne-pessDgdrbueDtdioponTotdh8tmiha0viaen-ind9ndar0utoe%a1es,l5pplyi-ne'o2ca1bftt%neihtvldheoeewoaeD,DnppwDv'D,-hpiDErEe'oDriniesspTomordm,meeas(enet2erartn1,.4tawI5r(Bnie)2t,eh1dact6viahtc4ahueo)ies.lfapeoob,lTp,t,lpee'h-hc.'DehoawnDntiwedcEvoaetlrh,e tftedhoonirsrvsmsoiooruLulrogvblinheakmdtetitooehiDnnnesstDo.auiwTlnnsHh,sowaeoDrtnowguDuareplnaEvdrtieecersrids,eesnostzeulhtoxvlepntaenteeeicntxltaote(sarwdee.avmgdte.or,reiseylasybsosusellllvoatohewwocidgofshtncoralotyalaunsnmibpcsmeipiillnnmiolttrayorotnrabotrtifiialmioentDnepisdnDri.niocEBtpohsuefoearloiknllssd)do.qiisculipo/tagsounrslsodattiulrtbonioenedsfg-wteortxfaaectnnDeesdsrDpseonErctyed sspaptooonaaiidrrllttthiiwaaItteiniiaroos.tsnnmgeoiireinnDanllggoleuperromeararaflootti,rolidroc.tgelrwiealta,EssnnsaivssoocspetifrlnocsourahcntinroongbswnpaoscatntnaeetuhtnnriufnwdtarrretaaaaTencyttdtacesiiodybotcnnloaedts,pones5oaeos9blfpomi-elr1D,osb.awosDstitilsTEot,eahhslwslsaeonehmsoiedielfcg,ohlbcntviahgygiirleiscbtusuuolDasealiisanllDslatguypiEmomaaanorelnisltusdincoeprlqttrfeesouestt,daiahcliiissoencbosnteroiDdtlictuahiDwimaoentanEetndetporhwaeasrionttsihidotliiotla.hnirse
DDE 59-9
EQUILIBRIUMINPMAROTDIETLIOTENANIBVNLIGREOC5NA9-ML1CEUNLTASTIONS FOR DDE"
SEonivlironment Estimated PercenStooilf Total MasSsooilf-WChaetemrical in EachSCoiolm-At>irartment
Un2tos5apCtsuobri`lataetd
100 20E-03
4.8E-05
SadteuerpatesodiT*
99.9 9.3E-02
-
a) dcb)))
gEHIcpCUnhuesasetroitelnrdiccsdmoraeuedynnnlas'auctstotaceetrilotdg.opaieonwtrssinsooescpnibilhonraonscesuososVeetrledadonpfnlfttouibitcnomaeintneaeMnckcuoteo1annnceKssfkfaio,fd,aatirscuey=ir'rdse1eaen0.dtes9te.qc0E:daru0-siKi10ptl*oi4rtb.Kipooraus=nitoug.mihmo2l 5faem7psnm,tad30i/romm0tds0iaaoteittllo(eu6nasar5nitan2adt2g)ne.5ddemnCduvoesid(ree2eodpl2n6oms(93one4)il.lny,.t3afo5Clr,ac3logc6neu)nd;laeitrstieeaodelns
59.2.1.2 Sorption on Soils tseiocmnanhuaqn,eparegudusyb'gtaesroedDidtaosansieiloioltDmslgemnocordEoeoererndongergbtefiatsasapo(en.Mns1ecnfiei0chncdetOh)ada.cycrnonhdaIaulnsenrUyrcpmabtesolesotootiiiornncnnogiiaazneglssllepK..sovdta,wi^h(alr6,tiebltthup1imyhte1egrio,oe)eale,anipoltxssometattulcgrreeeortlonoiteKeonertgmfsrigf*cogieKscaftnu=mienetscnsineohcv5dartoa..enp1caflnat7suiocA5reosybf.(nu62ooltr9t1onhfoif4sgaef57(ocssp.eK)oee4r,.rr1gobatKw.ph,rivasoee*tcasoarlelpva,tufsioya,oocteprsliunamu'g)onta,aeiialfdossnttohnitreamcioeodnneu.emdextgtrhxchahAethtaetlehtyansnseenldorti5wgtirel5oeiiehnrt.gfoha7acrrtss8saeguoaopsabrlirfsallenoepsicoreiticfnintaooytnrhn,de sscelbnmemoosaesaprntsaptuehcetlctreleTini)gainroaehlh.tnidlferelw,yarAdbaataieiiitspsnmonehspdnrdaopaassevlortvqsihrmeocoeutnurdrfaaeistnyobdootsuieif.rtbosdssgsreDoapsmilnosnDtveiloioeucEvCbdnetimihrloiiooasatnarylpftesgtttxDaieeiscpnmrroDeeince5icnEsst7thame,pgaidtnarrSonteieectntasscoeegoettrdeiin,blorhstbesnuutyamhmc5Inathn7iudhcn.c2ewasha,pseanprdDtlsdreeiiwkedmDrfsaesiucTeemltcnntvehopctcidsancseottn((aaaotlocnciihfenkifdodndieDnustib.rsggtDoashhogtlBTaailstovper,,nergcoitdosaethfsbuiwosDasmrbeeDmgrloyateTbahnyis)eflit,icoibtluyilesnidn to
59-10 DDE 59.2.0 Volatilization from Soils rHathotomuepgHchTarlnehaydnfetretyiv(hg'a2sahp1ttlo5aor3twif)mp.ctrehoesUnessstsouthian,repnge'tv,otaihsfpaoeopmvr.aapevlpr'ue-rireaseaossogsm8uefe.r2v1reEa.9oop-Ef0of-9rD0D4paDDtrmaEeTtsms(ahu1.tmar0se2V)s.0bmfeCoAoerlnhsitsasohsumeogbbegttewweaeshointnaeeitdgsdoilvbmo(eyw2ne2erS6rsal9esvt)io.ca8hl.eu7esEerti-oma0nf9adte cdSihmoieasnclptftsio-litTlloraietfnhndaeitns5fatfo7,neor.sdr2tth.Di1Dnme.Da3Dast)TutaT,emrp.ahierlsaoBwsirpseoabocuatreeagltersuihnoosslnyeftraireavvtupeneoelolyatorfittromsiedlhrdieezosDrartttofDoieaorfEsrntameh.nlraoaglDgstefhs-nDleaEiisvtnErueofdsmoDherwaDslsoDeaTvurbDelged(reT1earn0bla)teh.hrfooeaeuunxSenrpixnstdephccteeettoceoHttdsehveedeovfnoleavrtrroytoaiD'llslabizDtdelieaalEiwyzf.sraot(imsoene ipn,p1'-5DInmDsmEoild(sp,ereveposleapnteittlriizinaidttiiioashnlleyos,aftWD1aD0rEeppeimst )aml.tuhc(a2ht2s7clo0or)wremersep.aosnUudrseienddgtvwooleaattihrliiazvlaef-rtliiobfneedol,ofsqrsueoasurgothzflysa4n0d wsdbso5fmgarou0rannehoaige%ycdleimga.gsac.ntehuttehoislsIsrtotoTneteusnesithdlengsrhttievhoahedisaseriteasnllrevastnatsatrtoooloatolghhuftmefyarieerevsmteehaeoavmHifvprlsgcooaseteeahhrlutrndayei(adlrtehD8rilibyyz0laDiv'oaet8lzsaoifrtT,amnilgmloitaa2d,taientsoow1nswirnlu5iiiwehcntzn1choiaioo)dcimte.tnufniehiadlasorrDdlTttnihaacttcD.hatehnbaoersettEeeni,fvbccosoemeeoieabxrnnenmaspotnDteyterfeerhacDnvfbaettcotaneieTouotdfwni,nnieuoedxo;dgtplndiopuiptpvtllitead,oeobmhprinnean'aht-stleeyD,italdmnohtvtDohwdaehicbtteTeecytaroiuovtotfirovfto,shrsloptooaaoahl'rstktamseibtitlrsaiiatvlooztwmniarohmnziatlaiogcoaicettroerketriseniodeolasonierrozsorrfpafmalhltatDototaiieyeohofnlDwefnnegor-hT.lsfiDtrafoaoeDttTDtofeshDooEoifkEis,l, 59.22 Transformation Processes in Sofl/Ground-water Systems h(1y0d)r.oDlyDTshiEsu. si,sAhthyhdeyrdohrlyyodslyrisosilsiysshinsaolpft-rleoifxdepueocctfteoodfveDtroD1bT2e0aaynnedaerinssvaqirtuoipnteHmre5enstaiasnltladyn2tsi7gtonCiffiuhcraatsnhtebrepernocgesivs.en (ippSetat1nwioxt7ahc.ieprhoto4b.ith,ol,ta0eoooSsolastleueNoyzfnacdvrhsrdbosteibaln.hosrtaleu.oucaeitdeteltiUttrunDClust9neltotdt(Dh0rdur2%eafeeadEt2untrhvii7rheoiet1odaeotsnhh)stfilse,feheefrfbttaruadholesovdl.siuaaiemueeegtn(mndggh1edefhrte2noxeial2nrtytsaodch)t0tmofiaopas)mpntewti,ipnhvdftaoaoDh'eeoitn-tuvdeentDDieondooDsldtdEnhecehtescanTdoeg,tuligi,hfnrrmtD-raearhlaaqidteeDnvnhtudne>dehgEede.tsi3eontpa0wuhmeTfqa0qrfseehuiruourltmcpenmheeiihlcomhaialbnuolepoumfrstes-hhntoaleohaoielpatdfyrdoetneheeosdrddaiddsaoasssweyfblesiohogniueDwitrafocnsghaltlafDfgDdye-mssesa.laEuDeisedtfemdtdeiETeoiiioumdnm.mnoofnefeaetarrrtZhnnqvraheatetuoatatetepouiacflhpoetgoasoisxrhubvcif2xpalesly6e5snprepd0y%dce,f1sapttnot3diye'mesr-adsoimDtyoefoisn,sDnistEs
DDE 59-11 wpesoxrirpnobctoeeesrdsesd,(t1oat0os)s.oistiulTsnislhoigferohsredt,eDfewiDnphdTisicne.hdgsioHmfstoeuewngntgesvei.ssetrn,tohftoartthppehhcooattooslelyyssfiiossrotaof loDacrDcgueEr,frmtahaceytiocbnheeomafnictiahmlepmaomurtsoatunbntetloss vPpbtseheevheadaroeqoytilntumuoTaistlneflfhiyoonfoseewu(ntic2,snlbt2yodsLia7ofnieD2tlfdeCoo)DagOavctbiEcono*eaanldlalsesltiixRIdgid(nlten1iyerzg0iaresafrh)enmita.cdoiadoe(rnlna2bItyn,tt2.ilio7yospTdml3nhohue)oowgenodtmr.dofeahleeldyDairUansalsDfisegtus-iinlEonritavfenghepidriepnrtofoaeaonfaaadrmbhqrtioebseauelilnaatofoito-tnbdfilacsieelfbiDlgegeeecrnDdnooaitvnfdEfhpiidcare,1apiotit1innon'io-0otnmDn0nalcyeDsiodq.nnmEaudtysasepsergmairdrsbyriaixe,mabdedsDeadeeltnditiiewootTvsonieItnohchdpreaotrssrthoiobevacaeynelorssdcoscur
59.23 Primary Routes of Exposure from So3/Ground-water Systems vcherayraTscthtreeorniasgbtliyocsvseosurdbgiesgdceussttossioesnvoeilro,aflafnpadtoethepansatitaahlwheaixgyphsospsuuogrtgeeenspttiasatlhthwfoaartysDb.iDoaEcciusmmuoladteiornat.elyThveoslaetiflaet,e wsildtiumesortrfsiektatciTrecntoreehgnsdewgiatvaasnstotodceloraroprn,tnietelcnisieozioodnnatefttrinito5naotn4stgi6soioronnoNiflutaDinwhntdieDiolg-lnwEaratoraeeluftnarenPdordrims-iotoworpraaiomattsydeirsrii.nisL.bpiimloseMtsiazdiseltuirtseeteihstt.ie(so8a3Ietnn)xhdpertohetvspahuootelrracetctaeiolpdsinetasy,ttehhiqotawuftwaeDyDanstDDasfeEEoxwupwenolHdalssuoaorwsneelyvtoeirn, orfrpbreeroioossgtmuucaellonnTttnitthsihifcamnreeeolnstmmufthocrseoraaetvnthduieoeoimpbsfntcreeashefnukcaaatrrerncfegtoaoaoeicfmtrfeitDopDoawnonDDasardulEttEaerturnfhissabnteecyaeegposxarewpfqodroauusrssutiinaunesrtdtrkrifec-.aeiwnncocpgeaAretagweswtaorhaaanfwttoieesDrarrrmeysDsi.sstufsuErlotpMom,rpmsiouoldnirvgeosgeesgome.meisilsemt/etgisDontprtinetoohcrurawmetantxainadtpnihil-nmtow,gessaaeuxohlstprisoetl.eoiwrosspTenusamhvyrreesoetatrisfyec,hmltmieoihgssscahe.ctysmuhereay 592.4 Other Sources of Human Exposure dcbDif1sooio9cDuns8tothnc9EifdeT,lolDnlchiiutsoDnercsnaoteTwhfttndaoieiotmodaeindnnepnisdnrtipiMinamnr(Dtc2eietpoiDa2hxpond6ieaErc8ltobue)e.ydnadsaseevnDgfiidrrormDooafomnTpdDtmua-hrtrtDeeiehiontrlTeinatesc,tsewoep,lduiraciksnosoecdtusobrutntmiaihceltnltraspnitiooe(nesu2ofd.1nfuD6dasDT3Dess)hDT,owienTfailu,nmlJthndahbidentaeiDeucsUrailDddir.maSeyeEe.ci,rdtr1eoci,ebdcabauo1nistctf9eoo7bdacl3es,o0sn.wo(ei1n2dxf%h1cipitJe3cieaoh)ocn.tntfhucesSeaot,dinhrnni.yetttcsaoe1iDn,bsDe T
59-12 DDE w0sRsaa.ai0mmvt0eep1prrSllsecefsdsihcagaomt/afnaLetpktralme(ei1nesne4tedc1adaio7callr).nlp.oe(,scp1cstIo2'et-tn4Ddhwc1eDe)bansEeUfttor.a.wuSalsnet.DoiedodnDnfutoErh1uoian9nftw6gd04am.ts1ihanoendr/6deeeg0tat/e%1khrc9glaty6.eno7d1f39fi0r18no%00m84's78;o%tsfthuheoreovfMfaemcr5iees34ds3wi5is3a0sanitpaefmpicrnoibisnsaeihcendeendindmttMrwedanraitisttinsseookrnuinrwgi as wMchtbmphoae,eepeensrax'ace-bn1ibeDDc9enmoocDDe6tuonre0atEEnaa'snscte1diuwesi0o(stnr2-aniCe2tm1asrd0e6loaas%dn3fotitet)niero.t1dpaeon.C8rclfTtetooAoensthlvhedugmieensem/rqmietirsnburuD3iiianpcago(elaa,gv7nts)e1e6hStvsr0)ieoet.sp-sur29east05taTitwh%%rhikl.haalsCestotoMabh0adffre.eteeo0cmttapl2hahpinoon1uaerssatispmcineatoohbiigarocnaee/rcmngcrtysuweria3crionsmcero(ftcuei1rupnonlDa6tlrnguet0cDcis1r0eodea9T)nunil7.onsrt7furiinn1oBasDag6etfeneiDto0daspownt.Esef0atse1a.e9tDe9kero3n8snDf0una1,TDsNgt9aa/oD7mgan(r0etdE3tomhdaopienmanf,AapdyaDnm'1-yi19DDne98arDT70lisc2,Eoa,itnhe dbpri/noioegefuua/t0gkalnt.hgHrrt0ylsy8yub7m(iow0n6d.af-te2yiamnrg4ke/woeke/nt.exghtigpgheb/Tohksoshmtgdu,o/edayrlrdjaeteow)yosr,ttpeobatiesghleocDhtetudwitDvartecieoiElneelytynsa,d1lino91iidenf79wat96Dai1al5ry9Dt(ye17airE29innn4dtat(5aina1nk)1dk2.e9t4eTh7a4w0iefh)roa.irsd(si2siDcaee1eosdt3astxmu)iipr.mloptyesfaacFprttiaoeneerldrldsotdttthtthuooooercdetabdbUsenelee.aSara0ns.gsvm.de0we(a8r2magl9a-lsrygeocaeaeeuonatsp,mirdtnissfm.pti0asoaa.hkl1rtd,e1ee)d0daonafttdnood
593 HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS 593.1 Animal Studies 593.1.1 Carcinogenicity 2005D). DE induces liver tumors in mice and hamsters but not in rats (2003, 2004, AcNBlcotif1inohooiv46molucemne8CinracTodcpio3dennnaehtarnFdnrucgrett,cicmeh2rdiibedmNn6naaoeo1ttconraiitiwonmcsohctlpr.eiiineotfapmphseHnsfowmeotoaareixw3rafmllapee4spetDassae%Cer,t1pdDeaoate77'hnnm-x8%oEioeDdcpnfbarweoDesasracatseedhoEnuwwerI7mnedrkvn1aeteseis%rsrdnu4dtpoeoii0isaetelspf%uitrftinsmnoeetiCtorern,ucaatedeFidnrthdlsd(-ieeedNues1wessdtlnapCiticicnmtaecneiohIadnendcn)il7dtclatiiycit4eavnrnnho%d1oesetm%lflmiaaoyegdgi`.ominnh2nordofiic5oaifiigfIsliittu0lncdhtiehcoepaaesoeprnnhnsinnenp.ad(itcmdgt2cmlerahi0iIaoodtnsn-0olilbpesdcem5fonsos,lof)poeceerc.hsria'w-mpee-aewvnDopt-TaadaaideraDoltonniaoeitgn9mdoitosEsmh8e.necab%dteeasetaemlpiluIdlrstsinuensw-alorypltetlfaieahaoeetorenasventdnaphiterdmcahlrepe.oaenetaaedrhfwd(gfalc2deseeari1mi0fnians5dee0donatmy3aomowcli)oesnlaeea3iesflgves6esoe.ks%f,os.f
DDE 59-13 8b1e.f5o%re othfeth9e0tfhemwaeleeks. of age, liver tumors were observed in 40.7% of the males and c3ahfmel3daamo%rmsrespaesnil,tfopeoeifesfrcr'-deosDtaqrhnfatDueeidscedEanmn4ltde7saioa%uilenepdstssple.atonercsfnoetoNimadtnchtoetaedanendsieo,nmidanwionunahfoglilemielctsis5hhva0eawels0hnecoadtroohivelnraientanor1albo0stihosl0nhee0airhgcnvhaphoiedinpmgdstmhaprai-loonsdfnlnsooehttrsohaa(ep2nedli0legfal0etorosh.4uowte)uisHc.s-pdeeienopiftcnsafuieetdm2oceg1tconr%eroiclsnleu.upoSlianfIyirnrnttihahtau1enids5mdf%gseoiottmrrilosodaaniefln,en,tshweaenrde wconamaroanbveeetrceisistmnrgeraoarhaTmaovgstllhitiaeesoslh)edtriod-ap(o(uNa1on2hnv2gsd0Coe%eh0psIrsmi5eashr)fogii.eoixnifeopnueda2dnldot.4tdhowoi2snetHn-eoodsohtxerohpieosceep4aefiv6atreio42tfadotff3neoeecp7inecxmypdtcitomscaeerlsaw.seon8f(efadf33Tren89cechwd%ateprosecp1rbaiwi8mesnnn%ehoidrmilgavcooeniaheswnnddelsi-dw.chdfiaeeiotfglMmrysolheeraro-adoela7lfeecbon8sspessiimee,wrvwpreeaae'vec-dlenreDsekediitmDvasheaniaEenfdddlocsmDl)lit4lnuioi1Dmnadw%nOieEeseddt-sdewbisfrcnueaobeeistmdynghtpythieeratgt-inihemlM3dod-5bede-e--duonwsldaeienerelk 593.1.2 Genotoxicity iantnesoscstarieyendDacusrDbeseioEanitsnghehdtEawrssyfictrpghhetiqeovarupeninehcdnhaocinwayneiltcyorhofeonlvihueeitg(rs3astm1iitodi5evni9tnesa,ebr(33oer4se1l2iuv5c4le9t)ras.)s,ciwtoainvhnasedtniionntnoeasl(stl2ieg0sdnt0ri1ifani,icna3bsn4a6toc9tfde,irSf3iafa1ellm5res9oyn,nsc3teee4lml2ain4s.)t,tyhpTnehohirmeeruce-riwuams DforuonsdVopoihtgietlalo (wb3e8er1pe7o)sfeidtdiivdeD.nDotEo, bbsuetrvVealaennciniacreetasael. i(n38se1x0-)linfekdedmraelecsess1i0v,e00l0ethpaplms wanhden aDcc(taMt(mlaor1h3enetneDwa92lliedolllatm93ssttEhteH9h5eaDemewnax)s)edPa.tbDcraet2dlRhulhriasEi5insAearoyadTtgdnnmrtfceipeagnoinluxirgiacoresdondlp/oeecsttmi(ucluondu3oloiocosLrseusn4fneeebfc.1sdt,ikcsCen1r29eeidape35n)DhntrnaC.oo-avi7tco3Ddtnirs%ehhenb53aeedEirtos5stnaoeil/ne-noeomoiimr4pglnsncfvyh0r/euiouemnavottsaodshmiahcdoLtfiretaurmgsassi,eolmco/st1iiacmage.egan0essdrnldnhsLletiilfdeCtadcfsiaariig.beflncinoaiMln/naosvlmdnrcisonvaegcrrLabt2cnitGemenrh,er4iaityfrecrnrastirarehocchealcaegtiaormleeteat.oeiunilidnesoraolrpt(sessns3s,sweoeip9si(iintsm(snni3'8t1cti0h9aneiiar9cans2lr)el%o.h1aCacmcorca()suh)h3hobdbee.l4rmariseotrnooeuni3rsnoCermrmdr9cesvsaea)oteaooetdouihnitnmsduofsihevodrseneeaVm4aiadsmnrmn4te7asag-xicuek9sblnpichtltcaneyehpaarCornscr,btmoaronrgihmenGaoomecaritgnavefnraarieoeasonotaelserflirnotstodr.lryiesie4owinacnqnbcwMteehahueirslsyaomhllreealmnsiaeonshuenl.snkifcstrtntsayaeetaansrhlant.estd
59-14 DDE
ttnrooatn4I2stnfu.o6marmn/oirMajintgieo(vnn1iit9crf9orw8e)mqh.ueoneunscienyoecamutblharitygeohd ccienoitnloccemunltitcruear.teiosCnysos.tnecmTen,ratDrnaDstfioEornmssheoodfwcDeedlDlsaE, hslroiagwnhegtveeidnrc,frrweoaemsree2i.n8 SalmDonDeEllaatlysophgimavuerinuemgaatnivde irnestuwltos sitnraainnsinofvSiveorrmatoiausmeahrocests-cmenesdi(a9t1e6d, b3i0o9a2ss).ay with 593.13 Teratogenicity, Embryotaxkaty and Reproductive Effects FbitritfnneohaiosnhcuterstrdinsbeuitsddDanietptiesrgdeDeterdoceuoEniutsefbtotshetaeee(exl1rsw.ihati9nnbraci(8cab1iest9nridi9vte)ndgi8s.eaolio3nyslstw)ecgTotorhmohtuiegeinetpleesueednotrtoeier,ecitd,sntrhapaetieter'dnnbi-oni.oeowpsggtto.eehchpmIineyeng's-tireDhtcitorrsrtsDioaoenowmpngfEdlfeaoeieearcsrnrciinasittndctdowooiomwndaratnesicetuaoittrhtilicesfnvlsiietianetfnthaeocyshjdrettr.eiri.bcvofottireThg,tiapWoeehc(t'nin1e-htrhiii9esocoepa8onnfbu,0maspi,p5c.el'et-i0tv1tiriavysTa9kmoibl9thuetmye1goea,i)/eonkt.ritoefggnhd,whpeeomsi'afb-ftoosiorisr,tprapoied,nsmt'p-phiaip-oeseecDorloct-timiaD1vefb7ieneEci.6rtli.ttwbyToyahtsoe wwbToIse(ni3mefmeeh3hiebetD7giakhlsr6haTvDeisy)rstiho.oEprtwserteorto,DsueixieounfrditfDerclhefytrdesaEtteociintoefltbaifotwotrsemoyeefcafe,froatsftivsrtlfnpheieean,wendc1dpaggt0.em'cgs-traoDrhwieoOnnenDeendtioossemrsEfbtkoptieesfhlgsrrieno.erceeprtnosad-vututTweaopiligodhtanrishitnceohoioptdnnaountoo,Btrtfsseieltsogeietgaietnsemhyhetxsmleseotpitdnarefealttaithntsior1niototoaa0frtnrntlawia.sbtmt.xhdaiu(wos3aegtonNayi/0okhfas7onge2ab1ts,m0loh)ettt.ouevoefbwdfredreNDfhiyvceesfoootDiotmdaurwEbltdatborie2la-isyleeertissatrsaw,yK.tertoeelaaoboiodettgtmsskfteeeerdsn5brtrahvirtbcodsesueeifadszofwfotyseorfpois,rfte/rnshewotpinrercma5geiolb0n.skaiigttrpawistfnlph.oagrms. 5 593.1.4 Other Toxicologic Effects 593.1.4.1 Short-term Toxicity fneomt asDlpeeDcrEiaftisehda(2s(02a00n10)0o. r).aLl DSiLMgDnvsMalouvfeasalucreuetpoeofer8xte8pd0osimunrgem/kwigceeirnwemenraoelte7r0rea0ptosarn(t5ded9.)10a0n0dm1g2/4k0g; msegx/kwgasin crDfDehedDDtlaoEEiDrnIoneDecadottmThmmdaavpemnoetresermitscsmeuatssalstoirbaaio2lenbe%ntoygsauplymoitenfcoi2nihuD0ean%smDm,tsTaDsomti.DenfmraETsta.lhlhleiieDasInnfDfpaot,cTtrpiomso-'n-sdriuetserdeolraismivsvbetweeyr,rd.hrteohhrrTefeeeshsaDudiesdseyDubtmheEmysedoenriitosnoka,cpbtethhy'oh-lesleioiszrfomlieeimnvdoaDesetrtDriDsosDinTtosaTfoblaerlflsdeamsittdhsaopnesnaetdrnotsrdtiiiss-stmetonicrtee.
DDE 59-15 eDxDcluEsivaelfyurbtyhetrheinDdiDcaDtiopnaothfwtahye.ir Ainlasboi,liwtyheton cfoednvDerDt EDDthTeytostDorDedE h(i2g0h01le,v1e9ls94o)f. enzymAceustientrooxdicenetfsfe(c2t0s0o0f, 2D0D01E) ahdamveinnisottrabtieoenn ortehpeorrttehda.n the induction of liver 593.1.4.2 Chronic Tenacity scfainatatuatutxtdysriieaeEemdasfatfeetcentodocadxtnmishldcooauosmrhcfspetshlpeotodeoafnrstgseoib.sq-pytueainitrtlhhmibteyhrDNeiiunCDmhreIE.aptaaseRntxdowopcshRoysisticoeuhessrst.ewi aaweTls.teh(rmae2elr.0aee0nvw4Iifna)eelsurottehabetedsieesdNrobvlyCadetudIceredbinnnitooigrnaicsltsotohsabanenuyvccluae(al2srrs0icono0innfe5cos)tr,grooeeDrsmniDistocrirEaetsynm, dors 3ma6ni.dc6e%dTtiorfofmeuafastetethidsheewetmtriteohaarl.tr2eh(5d2a00gm0eps3ap,)lmelsre.euppk,opor'c-tyDetdiDcaEinrifenidlturthaceteidodnil,eiftaesnfpodarnfi1b3irn0obbwloaetsehtkicsm. raelMaecyatoinocdnarfddeeimavlaelnloeepcCerdFos-1iisn 593.2 Human and Epidemiologic Studies 593.2.1 Short-term Toxicologic Effects TnldfatatmaehoopdubohvaneprsieebripnoirrrlrneoersaDocogppsftxowla3eiDotienoDtim0rsovntaEtscDinaens,tsoirtdstTmebnohtasulhiuntfayeetoeietndhsnnan8iegcinmta2ssou.ectys0lesoyftsre%tetftmreaOiaaDoaaorbpshrtgsnsDtohehuoee.vdse(lmTpie5ronteTr1f9aeofrot3an)hod3r.oprueeetef,DnyasipaxmMdineDs'Dtp-(aiesDo1oDwridEstrn9ssrDoThgu.9diasbaoer1E,seernuceT)fdec.iftahniaiuotatossoDiisernsOtntesseddDlDtiifoosnshn.pERleDfeooeisrornrwtDDEteaiDelosutsDDnynhpdhnD.daoEEad(TnsTonr1epsfh9iirttneniog9ehtnctgo4ieootgmecb)osnesoaieoettsoennDrittslocymhiiaotonDneisgemneantriEtt.dcitahantarodobtecalirSienorttgdithiaeeglmoahiaadecnnetaislsihlfaspertas-eeilsetorlogfiulsbffneysctdeeieniho,coiranieeetoDteurissrvfsnm,abDaesiclDontrutlyEhsynseDdDieeooopDri(Ennfe1eaEs2rriaa6sarl3ltee)e.ls 5 9 3 3 3 Chronic Toxicologic Effects DdafaDtyesEr.MeaHxodpremgomasiunnairtsoeat.nrloadgtNiiRoconoa.aannbdTn(hoc1rle9imyn9ia4cal)aditlmiceboisninoiwdcsutheecrertemeeddidce5attlhemectetgeosdtnps.l,ypw's-etDrueDdycEoonondruatclhltyeedetofbfeoecfntoesreos,ufbdcjuherrciotnngfiocarn9d2 bmagr/bdiSataytol rfaoanrgde9domifpohDneDtnhyEslhsiyhndoamwneatdnoinma. a6y1V%boelurnaeftdfeueeccrttsieodgnivbieynneDndDzipyEhmeesntyoilnrhdayugdeca.enrtsEosipnuicleahpt taaiscsrpaohtnenoof300
59-16 DDE "thmeiarinftaetnaonrcbelodoodses("19o9f1d).iphenylhydantoin or phnobarbital stored little or no DDE in aanndinRpc,arpes'h-aDasedDiEent.cahLDoel(et1as9tie9lsr1o)olfrtetophoelirvsteetruddsyatimwsiugenrlaeitfiinocaonntbtgyaivspes,nop,c'-ibaDutDitoEnth.beeitnwveeesntigsaetrourms acthtroilbeustteedrol
5 93 3 Levels of Concern IE-0N4 ocasntacnerdarridsks lheavveel obfee1n0 ejsigta/Lbli(s3h7e4d4)t.o date for DDE. The EPA has derived a 593.4 Hazard Assessment l5e0v0e-l1sL0iu0vp0ertpotpumm83o9(r2s0p0wp3me,r2eo0fi0np4d,,pu2'c-0eDd0D5i)nEbmufotircne7o8fecdware1ce4ikn8so-2g(6e21n0i0cp5p)e.mffeDctDwEasanodbsehravmedsteirns rfaetds fed bTbcNainhnaaheordscgeceotaeudmtTotrrlia,ihaoovpatnesnele'or-sdicfemisaoneovirlainmlsamvlstii,enloeavardoabobmnedlemrdreioverceosiadetdushutaiel(etsoet1naresnx9.echswe9eimi8Nbiesnt)ribh.otceramosyttnTroaeoefDmrmhlpacieDcomeettorlmEialetgnselseuigdtainftrs,anaeiocicgvfglicoeaeiteeddrynpnleialihcsstncbtooculpiseeneditofn-fiottmcedeehufscnuealtitctdthsniueaiadiar(tlvuae1teeocc9dt(aif8bnu1u39egmDas,e9seDogns61sare-9Eyin1pcg8so9ooe0in9tinsi)nno.9ditxct,uhmimcc3reti4ercuees1eedftpf9afoo,e(twrn9ci3oeit1st0nse6hu2s,i1nwnD3a,chn0lD3eed94anE23r).9,). L(5D9,M2v0aa0ll1ue)se.sarpSepigpenoasrrtoetdof abacseu8tme80oerxaepnsodusus1cr2ee4p0ttoibmlDeg/DktogEtfhhoreavtaehceuntometatboleexeiacnnedrfeffpeeocmtrstaelodef. rDatD, Ereswpietchtivoerlayl cfinohflaliolrtawIrncaitnteiagordnizdc,ehitdarinoobdnnyictfciobeinrntogrtrbeeimsllatoiosbotrinusc,laorareftaanDxcetiDcaiorEonasnibhdsyaavarnealdotbssfesa(e2tnot0yf0re5meq)p.euotiralRitmbeerdodiruufpmochre,odsChiesFli,pf-ea1hstapomstaoinbcx,eeicelie(nt2uy0kr,0eo3pc)yo.tritced cboonnterTomhlleeadrornolawlyboarrneapdtoolrrytyms spoehfttiDnnogDdsEe(s1e2(x16p93o9,s1u1)r9ew94iit,nh1h9au9mb1i)ao.nlosDgiaDcraeEl fhrisaolmsft-olimrfeeedtoafpbroailmpicparrtoirlxiyaimlisnaitnfealty, 8 years in man (59). prodOucreadl andomoibnsisetrrvaetdionadovfe5rsemegffoefctps,p('1-9D9D4)E. to one human volunteer for 92 days
DDE 59-17
59.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS cidgranolenuapndrstrtihsnreaDeogscneeloarsntnlseeaytatcrmaasmomitismpinpvilencmeelreoassecGmt;niosoepedlulnldxleecetdchotrsteaafimdaocmsDtneiwpotGDlhainetenEohlddodainscnf.bsodst4lnoaa0lcrmnaeakbdnpgsaotle,yrer.assda.ttuosSiphoroIynloniilucsaaaladnitdnneaddsblsiy,teoswiaiioslcnan.otdaemntrCsodppaslitarwekhemteaeedtpidsetlramewrrseragiqtestehhrqutiieouincrduieersl7dedssamdtmbocaaeoypypsllclebreoosece,lfvtleieqssocpnauntemtaecldolpiiotfflyisiiennsadegs Tsipdau(na6noeshjm3idtlenele)cup.gc8EtGtlte0aeeaPdPC8ndAer0stoxsie)-cwo,tnpaorroipatiltanuorrhptcomatraaataoonqianvsmgrnueyaisaeaedssollosfyelspuucpvscrhsintsersorrpnon,sgooectearsnmeclmaaedtmmaorxcputorcapmlorhmepeglaseaetsreudsnactirfngeopaoetrecnhrordletdiu(ictsMendhieetnu(exepeeGttocatorEauhtCraonPsaohc)ratdtAeleleicxysoqdosartMu6ilhnsuwi2hedeem5oiat-tshlalfnhieaonqomDngddumudeDiissnd-eaiv8nEt6nohs2eg0,plxy58aaetaol0,ltrecin)iqani6sl.Geecou2etloc5ooovctrrefdh(.gno6letaotft5hnrTe)eGtiic,hcdhtusE8eeeo;s0rPhcah8DAos(0etMnDxe,accpaEaeehnrsntninoehoditlisrorvqeiad8eutxtyt2hnsteer5et.d6an00ct8 tltehhvreeonluOegpltheuhstetaeirncdimdawedeiststhohironbdavenonwlvotherbigcecahdonlhiuctamovsnoetrlvabppeerneettcnhoaendncecdevonematlnropaapolteyuiodznneddtowobhdfyeeirtnGeetCremtr.heiesntea(q3Du1De2o2Eu, s3a1sna7dm6)op.tlheDerisDtpEraacsisesed ebMpxyrteerdtpahiaTcrortehdaicoetstinoE8inno0Pjr8eoA0csftoipatonhnrnioedc.case8tadi2omu5nr0pelmse(6ere3texh)ct,oroddamsicf.tmf.eerNnSefdoraeloitddmafsnotadhrmedDpiallDequsuEteeadorauenosarelgxypatsrrniosaicccietndeliduqsrouueiildssisanpngmrdimaewyiathrabiesleytreaisnsnoaaxmtlhhyplzeeelteds, aqueTouypsicsaalmDplDesE(wdaetsetecst,iosnoillsim, eittsc.t)haatrecasnhobwenobbetaloiwne.d Tinhewaasctteuwalatdeertsecatnidonnolinmit achieved in a given analysis will vary with instrument sensitivity and matrix effects.
Aqueous Detection Limit 00.05.050.6464 >Mnjiigggg/f//LLLL((((MMMMeeeetttthhhhoooodddd88660202858500))))
Non-Aqueous Detection Limit 2.7 ng/kg (Method 8080) 3.7 Mg/g (Method 8250)
59-18
59.5 REFERENCES
DDE
tNhoetye:apTpheearnoinnstehqeuemnatsiatelrnbuimblbioegrrsaopfhyt.he references reflect the order of references as
10. VPGUSCt.o.;oaaSlunlD..lldadIEuah,rrnaadfCnvnes,id.e.r,Mo1HnR9.m7A.9LR.e.;n;eWStpWaloilamrhtPteiatrrkNm-o,rotoeeM.rlcaeEt.t,WieoPdFnA.;.Ce-AG4n;g4vae0iMbrn/eo4caln-y,e7m,sN9tO-re.0iWn,f2tf9aB.i;cla.e;MfaaMonatfedya,Wbo-Ie0f.ayP2t,19.e;2bWr9,FP.oRWplwar.;ianloesnHrrhii,nitonyJglgt.p,RtaoonB.n;ldl.,uRJtDe.a;n.nCntis.n:,gs,
34. M13a:1ck2a1y8,-1D22.31.979. Finding fugacity feasible. Environ. Sci. Technol.
35. M15a:1ck00a6y,-1D01.;4.Patterson, S. 1981. Calculating fugacity. Environ. Sci. Technol.
36. M16a:6ck5a4yA,-6D6.0;AP.atterson, S. 1982. Fugacity revisited. Environ. Sci. Technol.
47. ARNevagatiiioslatnrbaylleoItnfhsTrtoiotuuxgitcehEothfffeeOcNctscautoipofantCaiolhneLamilbicrSaaarlfyeStouyfbasMntadendcHeicesian(letRh'sT(EMNCEISOD)SLDHAa)R.taSbassyeste1m98,4.
59. TLPieobexrriacroRyloeovgfiyeMwDaeCdtaoicmiBnmaen'istkteM(eT.EDDBL)ADRaStasbyastseem1,9N84a.tiAonvaaillaLbibleratrhyrooufgMh ethdeiciNnea,tioTnDaBl
60. UUM..1SS6..4CC6oo5aa.1ss2tt GGCuuOaaMrrddD. 1I(N9A7Sv8aT.i.lCaWbHlRaesIhUSiSnHgGtaoz.nPa,r.OdDo..,CuSs.:tCoDchkeepmNairoct.aml0e5Dn0at-t0oa1f2RT-0er0pa1on4rs7tp-oN2r)ot.a.tion,
63. SUo.Sli.dEWnvaisrtoen-mPenhytaslicaPlroCthecetmioincalAMgeentchyod1s9,8S2.WT-e8s4t6,M2entdhoedds. fWorasEhvinalgutaotni,ngD.C.: Office of Solid Waste, U.S. EPA.
65. AUpr..Soc.FeEeddnuevrreiarsol nfRomreegtnihstetaelraPn4ar9loy(t2sei0cs9tio)o:f4n3p2Ao3lgl4ue.ntacnyts19u8n4d.eGr uthideelGineeasnesWtaabtleisrhAincgt,teAspt pendix
67. VCehresmchicuaelsr.enN,eKw. Y1o9r8k3.: HVaanndNboosotkraonfd.Environmental Data on Organic
DDE 59-19
76.
dPMEPieBnc.r;vh8wi5lMroa-or2kono2,sme0sJt,5.eh;6nKa4Btn.a/;yAelrDsSn.Pe.erEl,ooPtMseA,c.;CtiR.oGen1op9yAo8er1grt,.en4AMc4ny.0;,/4eLO-x8ypfm5foi-csa0uen0r,9oe.WfaWW.n;daaNsthreeiilrsnkkgeRtnaoes,ngsLu,esl.D;asmt.SCioec.nno: wstU,fa.oSnKrd. ;
Wood, Standards.
83. AdPsMuarsmitostaotrmecebciaaatCritsioeoeendrspaAfsfooorgroraefttnRihSoceenyespe5b1ta4ey9r6m8ct3hhbf.ieenaCranMlod7ma,itnErp1dedu9u8tCpe3crro.aortPppiporrooniesrnpeatiadotniruoesPtndista,etofs9hof4oraNlnoptdahgptye.i8,oA8UnI1sna.Sclsc..iiPttEe1ers9dnio8vcr4iiuinr.troierUnsemnnLtievliynsettroasdnlitaitetahse
213. 3N.atWionaashl iRngetsoena,rcDh.CC.:ouNnactiilo(nNalRACc)ad19e7m7y. DPrreinssk.ing Water and Health, Volume
309. Constituents prohibited as other than trace contaminants. 40CFR227.6
351. Toxic pollutants. 40CFR401.15
355. Federal Register 1980. Water quality criteria documents; availability. 45:79318.
533. C(7o5u/4n4c0il/EoEf CE-uOrJopLea1n94C, 2o5mmJuulynit1i9e7s5D).irective on Drinking Water. 16 June 1975.
534. DCoeucenmcibl eorf 1E9u7r5o.p(e7a6n/1C60o/mEEmCu-nOitJiesL3D1i,re5ctFiveebrounarBya1th97in6g). Water Quality. 8
535. SCuobusntcainlcoesf.E4uMroapyea1n97C6o.m(7m6/u4n6i4ti/eEsEDCi-rOecJtiLve12o9n, 1th8eMDaiysch1a97rg6e). of Dangerous
537. SChoeulnlfcisilhoWf Eatuerros.p3ea0nOCcotombmerun1i9t7ie9s. D(7i9r/e9c2t3iv/Ee EoCn-OthJe LQ2u8a1li,ty10RNeqouviermedbeorf 1979).
538. C19o7u9n.c(il80o/f68E/EurEoCp-eOanJ CL2o0m,m26unJiatineusaDryire1c9t8i0v)e. on Groundwater. 17 December
540. IC1n9ot8ue0nn)dcie(ladmoffeonErduHerdoupmbeyaann81CC/8oo5nm8s/umEmuEpnCtiit)oi.ens. D19ir8e0c.ti(v8e0/R77e8la/EtiEngC-tOo JthLe2Q29u,a3li0tyAoufgWusatter
542. 2C0ouMncairlchof1E97u8r.opean Communities Directive on Toxic and Dangerous Waste.
611. saMoniedlas.ncasE,rnbJvo.iCxry.o;-nsW.ubSoscotii.dtu,TtSeec.dGhn.p;ooHll.yan1su6sce:l9tet3a,-r9J8.aJ..r;omBaantiwcahryt,drWoc.Lar.b1o9n8s2.bySosrepdtiimonenotsf aanmdino-
59-20 DDE
652. VMaelauness ewtearel. e(6st1im1)awtehdicbhyuAsertshKurowD.asLitthtlee,bIanscis. ousfinesgtitmhaetieoqnu.ation given by
805. Toxic pollutant effluent standards. 40CFR129
808. Jt1ru3ar:cy5e,73Wo-r5.g7Aa9.n.;icSspienncseoril,:WII.IF.A; pFpalricmaetrio,nWoJf.sc1r9e8e4n.inBgehmavoidoerl.aJs.seEssnmviernotn.mQoudaell. for
888. rFeegduelraatlioRnse.g5is1t:e4r6611968.6. Revocation of DDT and TDE food and feed additive
889. Federal Register 1986. Revocation of DDT and TDE tolerances. 51:46658.
891. g5F0ue:id4de0er6lai7nl2eR.s,egpirsetterrea1t9m85en. tPsetsatnicdidaredsc,heamndicanleswcastoeugrocrey peeffrlfuoernmtalnimceitsattaionndsards.
909.
pPOSec.;fnofwiWtca,ecohKooldfo;,rWGoMpoa.hyt;eeerDnr,oeRllM.pegi.Wr;uelPa,asetLhriowi.nna1gsk9to,8an0nJ,..d;ADPS.natCay.en:nxdeUpa,or.ESdsu.s;.rEeTPnhBavon8imrd5o-an2rs1im,s1keR9n4a.;t4sas.WlesPasrmlloaetcneect,tifDoon.r;
Walker, Agency,
916. o2Bn1u:s2te5hl-me26am.ieu(rtA,asgWec.n;iticeRidtoyeinhorf9b0po9emsta,incGdid.e;2s0P0irn5o)pmpainmgm, aPl.ia1n97t3es.tCsoymstepmarsa.tMiveutinavteRsteigs.ations
1219. Values were estimated by Arthur D. Little, Inc.
1220. Cp23hh:oe5tn-o1,d1Ze.g.Mra.d;aZtiavbelkr,atMesJf.;orL3e6avpitets,tiRci.dAe.s.19In84d.. CEnomg.pCarhaetmiv.ePsrtuoddy. Roefst.hDinevE.lm
1241. TdSrceihcnahkfnienorgl,. Mw3a:.1Lte2.r;61P--e1We2l6ae9tre.,rJs.Tfr.;omGatrhdeneMr,isWsis.sSi.p;pCi aamndpbMelils,sJou.Eri 1R9i6v9e.rsP. eEstnicviidroens.inSci.
1244. OsGeacletroctrtbeeeldrl, e1Ml9e7Jm8.;en-CtSsreapauntned,mJob.Cteh.r;erP19co7hd9er.mebJi.acraAalsscs,ionDc..iSnO.f;afnfG.tuAannndadelr.tsoCodnhd,elmeEr..Lt6o8t1a:89l48d25i-.e8tP61esa.stmicpidleess.,
1245. s-GeSalerectprtteeeldml, ebMleerJm.;1e9nC7t,9ra.auJnn.d,AJos.tCsho.e;cr.PcOohdfefrm.ebAicanaralaslc.,inCDha.Sedm.u;l.tG6tu8on:t8ad2le6rd-s8ioe7nt5,.saEmLple1s9.8O5.ctPoebsetirci1d9e7s,8
DDE 59*21 1263. CBaaslieflotr,nRia.:C.Bi1o9m82e.diDcaislpPousibtliiocnatioofnTs.oxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man 2nd ed. 1417. TpStooalxlpiuclteoasLn, tCCc.hAoen.m;ce.Wn4te:rr1an3te1ior-n1, 4sF2.i;.nHthoeogUhneeitmed, TSJta.te1s98u5s.inAgssSeTssOmReEntTodfaPtarbioarsiety. Env. 1600. vaMBodiadlsacoltekrimlbaiyteaynneto,tnsTaa.lmtF.h,.p;eeldeBcrsuos.l.rlAdeIicnnct:nkio,PAnNhry.obFsfio.c;raa,iWlrMbBeoIes:rhcnoaAetvtni,PonJCr.AWBorf.ba;PonBrCdiBlSpliscenisegitnnsi,cctieWdh.ee.sNGw.ri1etha98tf3Li.ltaeIknre-fsslo;uleiDdn.ce of 1792. COo4fobJutjuhenlcyectiilA1v9eon8sfn6feE)o.xurrtDoopisDecaihrnaercCgtieovsmeom7f6uC/n4ei6tr4ite/asEinEDCiDr.aecn1t2giveJeruoonunes SL19uim8b6sit.ta(Vn8ca6el/us2e8Is0n/caElnuEddCeQ-dOuiJanliLtLyis1t81I. 1793. P37r3opFoisnaall.fo4r JaulCyo1u9n8c5il. Directive on the Dumping of Waste at Sea. Com (85) 1980. sKteurpofiedr,hDor.,mBounlegse.rF, eWd..HP.ro1c9.736.5:I2n6t0e3r-a2c6ti0o8n.s of chlorinated hydrocarbons with 1983. oFrograstneorc,hMlo.rSm.;eGpeelsletircti,dResJ. .G; yHneeincorli.chIsn,vWes.tL.5:13957-346. .TAhbestersatrcto.ge(Anisccciatepdabiinlit1y9o91f) 1989. aWneallcohg,s.RT.Mox.i;coLle.vAinp,pWl. .P; hCaormnnaecyo,l.A1.H4:.35189-6396.7.Estrogenic action of DDT and its 1991. o7Nc8ac-t2ui0op0na.atilonInasltihtuaztearfdorreOvicecwupfaotrioDnaDlTS.aDfeHtyEaWnd(HNeIOaltShH()NPIuObSliHca)ti1o9n78N.oS.pecial 1994. o2M2fo:i3rn0gg1ae-ns3,t9eD7d..PD.;DRToaannd, CD.CD.T19m7e1t,aAboblsiotersptiinonm, asnto.rAagrceha.nEdnmvireotanb. oHliecacltohnversion 1996. DKeDllTey-aGndarDveDrtE, Fi.n; LaeCgahtionre,seMh.Sa.m1s9te7r3.ceCllytloingee.nMetiuctaatn.dRmesu.ta1g7e:2n2ic3-e2f2f9e.cts of 1997. TuMsaeundtaakgaaes,neiKpci.o;txyIyno-rofe,NsTin-.a;chSeaatrywdlaeanhneadrtas.,NMT,N.;u'-tMdaitaarcRuetie,ysl.S.d;1e4Ir3giv:a1ak1tii-,v1He5s..;oYf a3shairmoma,aHtic. a1m98i5n.es 1998. iLln,la,lnc-ugtrletinucbrhaelo.chrJo,.N-R2.,C.2;.-IGb.iis5n(4gp:e-9lc8lh,1I-Ro9r.8o31p.9h7e5n. yCl)y-teotthoaxnice amnedtaobnocloitgeesntioc amcotiuvsiteieesmobfryo cells
59-22 DDE
1999. 2dP2ea:rl3imv5ae5rt-i,3v6eK4s-.Ain.; aGcrueletnu,reSd.;mLaemgamtoarl,iaMn .cSe.ll1l9i7n2e.. CToyxtoicgoeln.eAtipcpel.ffePchtasrmofacDoDl. T and
2000. DWDorTldaHndeailttshDOerrigvaantiivzaetsi.onGe(nWevHaO: )W1o9r7ld9.HEenavltirhonOmrgeanntaizlaHtioenal.th Criteria 9.
2001. DSUt.DaSnT.d.EarEndvPsirADoniRvmiesepinootnra,tl ONPforfo.ict4ee4co0ti/fo5n-W8A0a-tg0ee3rn8cR.yeWg1ua9sl8ah0ti.inogAntmsonba,niedDn.tSDtw.a:natCdearrritdqesru.iaaPlitBayn8dc1r-i1t1er7i4a91fo. r
2003.
eoTl,xnlo-pmdoCiascFuth-irs1loe, rmLtoo;i-c2elT,,2.lu--Jdrb.uiiNcssh(.oCplvo-.,Icr.hVol5-.o;22r^:Co8-p8bh3hais-re8(lnpe9ys-1,cl.)hRelto.hTra.o;n-epB,hoaeicnncdyhli)t,eotMhthy. lee1n9tw7e4,o.tocEhfefmecitcaolfs
long-term combined
2004. 4aR1n39o:d8s73s7.il,6,lC--I7d_a8i;rc1chB.inlaoorrgboei-en2ri,ic2,i-tObyi.s;s-t(Supad-nycghwuloiitnrheodpt,ehceMhnn.y;ilc)Caelat-hbgryralaeld,neJe.dRiin.cPhh.l;aomrBousdtreizprzshi.,enCPy.a;lntSrei.acnhRtlieo,sr.Lo.ethane
2005. Nf1o3ar1t,ipoNonsaCsliIb-ClCeaGncc-aTerrcRinI-1no3sgt1ei.ntuiDctieHty(E.NWNCCI)PIu1Cb9al7ir8cca.itnBiooinogaeNnsseoas.yiss(NToIefHcDh)nD7iTc8a-,l1T3R8De6Ep.o,ratnSderpi,eps'-NDoD.E
2145. cUPFBhrou.eSorrmb.troliADecwmaresmlt,,rdyiWtceokfM.xiD,niec.Mid;otilioDoCcnag.oligcNsBalteuTliy,doI,eSaieDnnsrdg.Reionpbn.e;oioerpLrltooiinggNtehigconta.,RtliAaWeplsDre.eGoa-nApr.v;ce0ihrrD9to4iaane2cnsm3rde6oe,.nfDJtDea.CvlDe.;plTooWpllamuontodeadnnaitttrss:dLd,aVebGrIoIi.rv.aa1ptt9oih7vry9eyss.,i.cal,
2147. anKnoadrdmeSgat,lainzRad.taDiro.dn;sPtDhaveivoloirsuyio, fnSo,.rPW.n;oaDnshupixonblgautrroynh,,yAdDr..SoC.p.h1o9b8i6c. oErlgaabnoircatcihoenmoicfaslse.diEmPeAntCriteria
2151. vsLoeiirclthiacteapnlpsldticeisaitntri,iobEnu..tPiJo..;nAFogufrh.rDeFDmoToadn, nlCi,nhTde.amWne..;,1aS9nc:7dh1u8alz-l7d,2rKi1n..,R1. 019a7n1d. 1P5eryseisatresnaceftearnda single
2153. rSelelaicthioenr,toC.sAu.b;liHmoaptciornaf.t,EJn.vi1r9o8n4..SPcei.rsTisetcehnncoel.of18pe:5st1i4ci-d51es8.in surface soil and
2163. EaRtiamspeoansprpeohircethr,,icRS.dAJe..;p;oGUsoirtrbiohananm., C,NhE.Re.m.;1o9Cs8pa5ph. ee"lr,NeePw1.D"4:.;1D1BD6a7Tk-1ei1rn7,p3Ju..tEs.;toLoNoonretyh, ABm.Be.;rica:
DDE 59-23 2164. dNUoT.ScIu.SmERennvetpiro2or/n3tmNOenoff.tiacPleBPo8rf5o-tP1e3ecs9tti1oic5ni3d.AesgeanncdyT1o9x8i4c. SDuibcsotfaonl:cessp,eWciaalshrienvgietown,pDosCit.ion 2268. pFprreoodddeuuraccttlssRcceoognnittsaateiinnriinn1gg98dd6ii.ccooDffooicll;;ofdcooel;nnciialnultseoinoftnatpoopflcisacpnaetccieoilanlrserfgeoivsriterrwaet.giio5sn1trs:a1ot9i5fo0np8e.osfticpiedseticide 2269. Value estimated using vapor pressure and solubility data from reference 10. 2270. Wr1e4la:a8rt8ee-,d9G7m..Wat.e;riCalashiflrlo, mW.dPr.y; aEnsdtesirerni,gaBteJd. s1o9i7ls5..BVuolll.atEilnizvairtioonn. oCfonDtDamT. aTnodxicol. 2271. pCZhehopetpmo,roeRpah.cGetir.v;eitSy5c:h4ol5fo3tt-zh4he6a0up.eorll,uPta.Fn.t 1D9D81E. Esoffrebcetds oonf enqautiulirbarlasteiodnimteimntes.on 2272. aDnidTolrinod, aDn.eMi.n; aPaqquuairnr,y.RE.Pn.vi1r9o8n4..TToixm.eCvhaermia.b3le:3m35o-d3e5l3.of the fate of DDE 2273. iMNLnTeiceeIrs,StoRubPa.iFaBrli.-;n2de9Re8gwy2raa5ant4de,.arCsti.oan1n9do7f9se.pdMoimlliucertnaotnbstiasBlionduermgqruaaridnina,etAioe.nWnvo.i;rfoPonrrmigtacehnnaotrsc.dh,EloPPr.iAHn-e.6, 0ce0od/ms9.-p7o9u-0n1d2s. 3021. cCAhmheimanceihcsaeelrsh, aaDmt.Estthe;erZhoeyvlpaljroayxdatc,netlIhl.si.n19eM8g4uu.taaMtn,iunRteaegsp.ehn1oi3csp6a:h1co3tri7vib-i1toy4s5yo.lf tsroamnsefecrlaassetolgoecnuiscof 3071. raBanltedsyllo,afcDtDa.WtDio.ERn..m;NNoabhicirlkiuzenalg,ti.Bon2.;8:iKn3d5u7uja-c3we6da9,.bMy.et1h9a8n4.olTahdemiinnfilsuterantcieonondurreinpgropdruecgtnioannciyn 3092. wBBuiiotshle.lpmZeeasniteitcrri,adlWebsl..;in9R1t:oh3h1er1bh-o3o2ms5t,-.mGe,d;iPatreodppaisnsga,yPan1d97t2h.eMdoumtaigneannitcitleythinavletsetsigtaitniomnsice. 3122. dtCrehatmceerisml,oiVnfa.Dptie.o;sntiBciuindreuesnshvokinrinomna,maTcer.nNot-a.p;loPsraoomugosprlceealsyr.ib,ZoVhn.-.KcAh.ani1an9l.8s5Ko.rhbPimerne.-tc4fo0on(r1ce0tnh):ter1ira8t7i6o-n18o8f2. 3159. aDGneednFoinltooraxai,cbaSac.c;tteiZrviaiatnylaDacncNhdAi,p-rPoe.t;penaCicarymtoeosfitr.1a3nM5ou,ctAoamt.;. pRBoeeunsn.ndi1sc3ei3lnl:i1,t6hC1e-.;1A9B8ma.desolaretiv,eGrs.iSo.n1t9e8s4t.
59-24 DDE 3176. Dp13eins(6tgi)c,:i4Td3e.4;s-B4in3ia6ng.r,oYu.nd19w85a.teSreupsairnagtiomnacarnodredtiectuelramr irneastiinosn. FoefntxriacHeuoarxguaenochlorine 3180. o5D1fe:pH4a2ar1zt7am7r,ednoatunsdofS1uT9b8rs7at,nas5np2co:e4rst8aa2tn5io.dn4R91e9Cp8oF6r.RtaH1b7al2ze.a1rQ0d1uoauAnsptiMptieeanst.deriFxiaedlAs..TRreagnisspt.or1t9a8t6io,n, List 3235. GBaG1n0.a;Hd8llB.o;cslwihosRetaoemeymrs,in,ccSiahcA.lMkrs.o.,D.m;EM.;aAn.tNvAridima.r;koseanAtxrm.cnohMundargenao,r,gslMoeFMns.J;,.iu;nABta.RhC;gmeheZunieenb.dieeg,1sne0eMr, ,h(.G;SEa;uDm.pCus1ptk9ole.8,lrm7S1.oa.0;vnC)a:,Rh1rSy7irm5.o;cmpepBlooplr,ss.o:oJwm.E;nve,MaBalaub.r;aegtrCoirolaainnntsi,nooonnsf, 3376. rEKafotfsme.cbJt.sruTosoft,xliD,cl-o.d;l.iGcEhinlllovisri,roo-B2n.,;.2H-Cboeislal(liPnth-sc,h1B7lo.:;2r3oG-p3oh6ee.hnl,ylT)e.;thGyluepntea,(DB.D; ESc)hownetlza,cBta.ti1o9n86in. 3419. cMeallhcru, lUtu.;reMs.ilMteuntbut.rgReer,s.H4.0G:1.0179-7161.8.Effect of insecticides on Chinese hamster 3424. KM131a02m:1ib4ne1dr-u,1c5St1.eW.st.;foBrrydseotne,ctVio.;nKoaftpz,otSe.nEt.ia1l9c8h4e.mEivcaallucaatirocninoogfetnhse. MEsucthetr.icRheias. coli 3439. cGM1e2;lc:l8GC5froa-e1rsgw5po4aar.rr,yd,DmW.BuJ.t;.aBt1ior9on8w8a.ns,RsaAeys..;p3oC.na7st2etsacnooadfcehtdh, ePc.hL;e5Em1d7iwc8aaYlrsd.tskE,+nI/v.;tikrM-oncm.BoMruidoseel., lMDym.u;ptRahgioaemncha. , 3469. cM1h9oe8mr6t.eiclSmaalsalm.nsEo,nnKevli.lr;aoHnm.auwMtoaurgttehang,iecSni.t;.y8Lt:easw(tSslou.rp2,p.TlR.;7eS)s:pu1el1tcs9k,fprW.om.; tThaeinteers,tiBng.; oZfei2g7e0r, E. 3501. NWeawterYoSrtakndPaurbdlsic, CDordinekiRnegvWisioatne,reSffteacntdivaerds1/91/98899.. New York Public Drinking 3504. ENfafteicotnsalofInCsthietumtiecaflorSuObcsctuanpcaetsio.nOalnlSinaefetfyilea,nJdanHueaarylt.h 1989. Registry of Toxic 3513. t5Ne0at-rt2ai9oc-nh3al,olr7To2do-5xip4ich-8oel,no7ygl2ye-t5Ph5ra-on9ge)r.,aNpm,TpP1'-97dT8iec.chhDlo.icrRhoedlopirp.ohSdeeinpro.hled1ni3cy1hl.tlroircoheltohryoleetnhean(eC,AS No. 3539. Oruclceu. pFaetdio. nRaelgSisatf.et5y4:a2n3d32H. ealth Administration 1989. Air contaminants: final 3683. dSotactuemWenattaetrioPnr.oDgreacmems bTeerlep19h8o8nethSrouurvgehyF1e9b8r9u.arPyer1s9o8n9a.l communication and
DDE 59-25 3744. IOUn.ffSfoi.rcmeE,naCvtiiiornnocninSmnyesatnteit,malO. PHOr.ontleicnteiofnileA.geUn.cSy., E1n9v8i9r,oInRmIeSn.taIlnCtergitreartieadaRndiskAssessment 3763. fU1o9.rS86.e,xEi5sn1tvi:n2irg0o4na2mn9d,enantneadwl P1s9ro8ou8tre,cce5tsi3o:on4f0A5p6go2el.lnu4ctyi0on1C:9F86R65.40tGo3xeniAceprppaolelnlpudrtiaexntrtBesa.. tFmeedn.tRreeggiuslta.tions 3766. aU(Cn.dSE.RnEContLivfAiirc)oa.ntimonenotfalhPazraortdecotuiosnsuAbgsteannccyes1.9F8e6d. .DReseigginsta.ti5o1n:,34r5e3p4o.rt4a0blCe FqRua3n0t2i.t4ies, 3767. 5cUa1.t:Se4.g0o4Er2ny1v,.irp4or0netmCreeFanRttma4l1e3nP.trosttaecntdioarndsAgaenndcymo1n9i8t6o.riEnlgecrterqoupilraetminegntpso.inFteds.ouRrecgeist. 3768. c5Ua1.t:Se4.g0oE4r2ny1v:.irp4or0nemtCreeFanRttma4l3e3nP.trostteacntdioanrdsAgaenndcymo1n9i8t6o.riMngetraelqfuiniriesmhienngtsp.oFinetd.soRuergciest. 3775. gIUXr.oS.u.nEdn-wviartoenrmmenontaitloPrirnogt.ecFteiodn. RAeggeinstc.y5129:28579.4L2i.st40ofChFaRza2r6d4ouasndco2n7s0titAupenptesndfoixr 3782. CHUF.aSzR.a1rE4dn8ov.uisrownamsetentdailspPorsoatlecitnijoenctAiognenrecsytr1ic9t8io8n. sU. nFdeedr.gRroeugnisdt.i5n3je:c3t0i9o0n8.co4n0trol; 3783. AhUap.Szpa.erEnddonuivxsirVownmamst.eens:taHl aPzraortdeocutisoncoAnsgteitnuceynt1s9.8F8.edI.deRnetigfiisctat5io3n:1a3n3d88l.is4t0ingCFoRf 261 3786. tRUhe.iSrgd.isEts.cnh5ve3ird:o3un1le1md3e8nw-t3aa1sl2te2Ps2r:.oWt4e0catsCitoeFnRspA2e6gc8ein.f3icc2y.p1r9o8h8ib. iLtiaonnds-Cdiaslpifoosmaliarelsisttricwtaiosntess.foFredfi.rst 3802. gU(Pe.nSSeN.rESa)tn,ivnTigraopbnolmeine-tnt1sao2lu6rPPcreroitoceracittteyigoonProyAl:lugPetanrnecttyrs.e1a49t0m82Ce.nFStRtes4taa2mn3d.1aa7nrddAsepflopercetnrndieciwxpAosow.uerrces 3810. mVfoaurltetanhgceeinaNe, saRitsi.o:tneMastlainTsogonxi,nicJo.DMlor.go;ysoWPporhooilgdarr.aum3f.f.,RERen.sCvui.lr;tosZnoi.mfMm4u8etracignoedgn,e.dS7.c:o3129m85p5-3o.4uC8n.hdesmtiecsatled 3817. mMVoeugttaeablt,.olERit.eess1.9D7126D.:E1I5,n7vD-e1sD6t4iDg. a,tDioDnsOoMn tahnedmDuDtaAgeninicDityroosfopDhDilaTmaneldantohgeaDstDerT.
59-26 DDE
3828. oDfistthriectDoisftrCicotluomfbCiaoluWmabteiar, QFuinaaliltyanSdtaEndffaercdtsive191825/.2W7/8a5t.erDQisturaiclittyofStCanolduamrdbsia 3989. VmClauilvtiaed,gaetDnio.;naJsasoanhydnsscyohsnat,ermaKc..tOeMr.iuz;atSttipo.enRctoeosrf.,t5hJ9.eF:6.LS1.5-;110B788a.tYso/TnK, A(+.G/-).; mBorouwsen,lyMm.pMho.Mm.a 1979.
2,4-D
SCYA22DO..Ng44iMacr--OcooeMttatNeixccOYtaNMDDdidcSh:lorophenoxy
CNATA94OSG-S76RH58-E27NG50O.N0:0O.: STRUCTURE:
CFjOHR^CMIjUOLjA:
o
Phenax
-C H j-C -O H
60-1
FAAIRCTWO/RV aCtO2N5VCERSION
90..01310m7 gp/pmm3
~
~
11
mppgm/m; 3.
M2O2L1.E04CULAR WEIGHT:
dzsarwtoofegRpapRmhcoRhtcmFoltoeicalolxairryooeuonrhekeeetxesxeiugnisdallohdroaumcaairdaityyiieaslstcrcnasirsccclclemism,tiognaitoeozilatgttd,idsocgezcimwiniicirpeetaeiocnoowairnseaynohrrttnnrmhannngrsmasaeaiixiocedeoyfzzbietsssrlnnhaioldlsshoraaamsdaaaey,seaemgcrmwwobtgimmlatiihnaztetcnlftonoaewipiosheteicnnaheitmtaersnnleuttohhhomeiusdetosrgartgbcluaoemairesiohsfalerouilsebalntnisalpvectenlaeadpiommcllhitdcaosomatcemegtbmgeaaeawseellrs.poc,resetluov,ctirsiraatiyga,hinnoyhnditoetisbiydyoatbhhpouRoetceeearooiiasrssrnlllishlanogrrpt,ee,eaecsica,aeaa.tagnted,sravantsl,yodsanlanas.iosshlcokitgfvrztlnttiaiatrtdiEeylarcflercoooorimvcnioyiaRuollsoiaxcerrxciiaedendcttepndcnao.ngpgaier.vsoegcloseygseradastaslofesloeu,roirlisnnRcnmoxogaflbdloio,sructvaiiifngnRmpxaaieeocccxiiifeovmseaaoiilsddlaatiunetmdkmeorleadzhnaometicudiaatehaissaoilncrsetsmzaacoecsmdlialetiigsteloiioiblhdtnoaeyutaocntwnnasoianelnyynootxo,cmgngenetprais,paiddprmsiinteniilancrnhieecayruwaegasavcznowgphtdsfialgarganaioaaihsd,oaoyeoworprieselndllaticuclavxdtueeelssnnowlchyidh/gieusicesotprnodstotdn.hheimiloolsseorgtdsminifvineatt,ahupksnzlxeashglenmc,atTwlfpeiesoen,aiyesoyinodmdcrrmron2axihheghahsggyotageeetyu,dormeoehenepaya4yxelssaxatnaunasm.i,dspnnio-nheapdwtcdetmdetaDarisitveb.ioeeliecsdemsactsiaono(rriwrla.astes,ienlz5edhehtmilbn,lidssiiav1ulrnoeetn,ldyiaeihe1mare.ncels)ts,,,,
CPHHDEYAMSTIICCAOA-L
FCOODPhroeddeynl(oooeassrrrziti:c:teTya2/:lM0hnWrSoCee1tnhlsa)t.eih5tteoP6et:l5oodt0io:nSsgtloiy:/gnlmeihodllLt1,o3dwpp8a(hao.t0awtendt3oo0elri1cC4)o1d.0orC
(((522,,455)44)) (59) (2,51)
60-2 CPHHDEYAMSTIICCAOA-L
2,4-D
BVFVASFSSLSHBaouolloiioaueaasovtwlmC(((airigpntudcsmlmaalcaftoihioorom.bmattornAdi(miyserciignnOgCei2l2ofPd'etnsiaciHf05Putyocmsom..PrbiyT)ost:Lrtniga:CCloanui3Freeeena/oifintspmmn))npa,nowngN:soL2.crstrueiolW.t:oineim.CT8ri-oColmCsstWe1rnesoauAo(:oi:1upm:<aettnlamie6sareftr<.stp:rf00etr:3teb.N1:i2,..t0:ro.::0ui.01N0o0nn0s10P6t10tes6Co.N1iE.2C)naE.b2pv0).0rot+9di-0ae(0t0lu00aa0iirrEE0dttE5nttti1yiEaa+e+iod-n2stGm-1n0oea(e050er2ofn1m1svCtt0meim.)Hmr4ggg)//L,m3
(2) (1734)
(507) (1219) (1118)
((21125100)) ((165291)0)
PINEWSRTYSAHSITSETTEESERMONICLE-
2ncaaaonpp,o4ndppn-tll-Daiiprccmeeaailrtstaiiisntooieiasnnvxtte.,iepolnyehntcigrtiieahsndplsinodotawoiltdubeeprgexaHrclaresedapolnaatitdltisuiovnhndede.luyaeevrRmytcioosorkbnaliiidlmnoeifftiaibtolgelundrtsoshusooonrfrdtplwhyteiaoaatnvefryter
PEAXTPHOOWSFUARYES
Tssehgionroghiovwnle/uiigrefnprovidcorneaiwurmmn.nataedt.rneO-yrwttawpdhtareielitrlrnhkewmsixyanipsnygtoiemsowmufiarztceieesorpnetxachseputehrpownmspualifirygeresrsoa.mabtriyoDetnhtehuegoinrsflaipkd2ae,a4tlthy-iDowtnaotyio,bnethe
2,4-D HHEADAZALATTRAHD
60-3
smmSMkiguiannss_cssr_ilvea_aes_nth_dwe._x_iStp_cy_ohm_si_unp_gr_teo_am_tn_osd__2o_c,f_o4_n-S_Dvh_u_ol_mrs_tia-_oty_ne_rsc_.ma__uC_Hs_eo_un_wm_tae_aca_nt_k_nEm_e_xas_psy_,o_cs_suat_uur_ep_s:e_o_r,
Acute Toxicity Studies:
OLLLLLLDRDDDDDAU^mWL1533:004789073000 mmmmmmgggggg//////kkkkkkgggggg
DHHRMHauuoaotmgmmussaaetnner
SLLKDDIN:11540000 mmgg//kkgg
RRaabt bit
NELGCIPAroPaTeeRnrnAPgcgoCni-tnTa-o--onxeGgNNcaircaecnmvroonriio/tnnmciNvucieeEnaipetDolfoaaysfgnDass)eessCtcaiianttggl(:seiannnc:seieoDstCddtiyfaWo)ictc(naliaeanf:talsaiiksoEcdinntfmeii:enqasbgbusr,lavedtomae-atvsaeao_vntt_iodod_ne_hfin_eautc_moe_ta_oinn_x_ic
PRHEACNADULTIINOGNS
sapppobodfHrmimmtnuurertrruroiagchefolpqoeesdslC>uln/nuaaevpibtuunglt5fntordtnelaliiedrashifrv0ynnlbt:eiifceepieel0ntcrdoiantemsdlAoeeeg-icfcpgerptssnarmeehlyeipio,rtipftnepgtaephrgr-iericeiatrpomicvai/esgnseessmasorpsfeatatcc,itueinaictoncJlomeoescepruh:artlfirpyniedaacardaledoSeissitetslwripenehsmovumnskoacoleiesnaisrgfttrosoouerdfpo-wlherwnytadrprpocsi1cteteblptirraoeaewoa0atohornisrnhdnco-srpicetl1syttraotiaaaeohh0caaitnntrnorsioco0ichCdaguginrfaorohsiuteeappesmdhnntdeidalnedPnrpeegtldwrngreiimsqlroecn/syifstbhamoruesikaasyuinrppitdvcuansiclc3oeeanpeiaua-:terdhrcapunaelappepaAttorcsiyr-oipdhirtmgv-erodvaneorfuliosseneetcilnryresesauegnomtecseegutldacgswtascftrfial-cwl-porharloaeeacntattrinoemhp-ts.iorrhdtdrhnmdipianiae1cdoieotitaftnorih0dmgomnacrtreorg0erteyaaiesarimh-npslptqo5-nwtaeuteeioute0cndrrdsibhefa0iteadCriahetrwlotectroiretiksarthr-h,ae
604 2,4-D
ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL STANDARDS AND CRITERIA AIR EXPOSURE LIMITS: StOAanFSdHOarSAdHsPEPELL(8(-8h-rhrTTWWAA):): 1010mmg/gm/m33; STEL (15 min): 20 mg/m3 C rANNAitCIICeOOrGGiSSaIIHHHH ERTSDTLEVLLE<H:L((n31(o805---hdmmraiitnnaT):WTWA50)A:0):m10gd/remale3gt/emd3 WATER EXPOSURE LIMITS: DriMMMnkCCCinLLLgG:::W71700a00tne/grjxxTggSL//LtLa(np((dpIranorrtopedporsosimes(de9)d)9)1) sETapdhPeveAceirfEsiHcePeAahadeltvhahilactsheAddoeevnfvfiesetoclhortesipeewsledovauenthlldsdeConffoaolntclocobewnretianRamgniistHnkicaeinLpatalesttvheeidnlAs. ddrv(i3ins9ko7irn7ieg)swwahteicrhaptrwohviidche ----- lll11ioo0-fnnde-ggdtaieeyamrry--(ettc(eehc(rrhiammldidlud):((l)cat:)h1d;0iul30dl0t0))70:;0/xx1g4jgx/00L/g0L0/Lyjx.gg[/LL
AW2SM,o4gHmh/-LDeOe-a.litDnhAdr-iibvndaikadsiieunldyaglspgWuemriadatceyealripbniGeetauafoibcdroleenldistrnuoienmkd(pie6ntt6igeo6cn)wt ao2tf,e4rt-wDoofbl1yit0et0rass/tiogef/Lawnadisteorrdecoworamsamtaeslesnuvdemeldsed>f.o5r0 E PHA-umANmaonbciHreinetetarlWtiohna(t3ees5rt5aQ)buliaslhiteyd;C2ri,t4e-rDiais not a priority pollutant. A-quNatoiccrLiitfeerio(3n55es)tablished; 2,4-D is not a priority pollutant. REFERENCE DOSES: ORAL: 10 /xg/kg/day (3744)
2,4-D 60-5
REGULATORY STATUS (as of Ol-MAR-89) P roFmeudlo2pmC(egRr.real4agaseQt-nataleDiundn)cPfiiacdlriRWiscomeptegdauigercttersauhesitmoelnriiagcmfgstiAnid4iopacce5ntaot.els4ic.dnh(tkeCaEgmsWofhi(fuca3lAuarz4cle)a7senr,3dtmc7oala6uitmx4sei)gmi.stouaurtb2myiso,4tanaf-rsonDercinesia.esntthlyiIasetottephn0daee.0ssatd1sia0caiyardknee(gp8o/oc91rhr10gte)0aam.0nbiilckceagqlsoufantity
wptcm2c(ISh3noo.raa4o8nemotfse-r0gettDrmeaSr1eimaDsmD)ua.mirnsniWdni,PdienIotasnArykanniwigimtnwsphonttgaehliaaafecrrettthvymWe1eeersd9lDiilaat7sswdttra4(yeidiMsisosrntathkfhareCsAeima8nLaqdacz3nsgutmai)sriwcirWeafdno(oenphofSndradepiuDtctcer2asehftdoWom,ra4uvrns-iienRAenntDdtrdeah)vaeg1neUisers9utns8iplaR0nad6a.rtjC1erpeei(rtooqcR3gmntpuo7riAsouif8og,rnl1u/eta(tL)hdn2hto.eid9eofit5rnoTUIm2)nh.t,nbo4arjidesefxe-DecaimM1rrtt-iem0cougCt,on0mheunL0neltC0ataNatoiepppnnadrepittonorilucoigpoeennllssdeasetloorr boHc(hosnT0(tl2htEtaamtRhahBo3hhtor.snre.oaaaCf1oOn4eto7aeeenfznDlzarsd-E2onne8rLsiaactCwaomlDn6elAcegh6irePrPigutcaats5oacsedi)dngoTiwesir.ntfr.onsivoo/ntr3tee,itstcLd)nrnaaoueuiledxee4eeinaaxEcstrsirwsst3qtiedttgAn(erittarnaPCeciu9odawnaw(edeotsui(jsw38tlatAencottae3niaaaegy7or9tdlshdnthcti7rslsutair7sm)taisetrot8.sfct.(gsits5iceeeiozenoo92npfipeetaosr)ofaqnn)8nErd.ooncvEn2rn.18suaow8ctsroaiPduc,0,sfiwcehca)4antrhFefos0s.Acnwlisi-e1etengspiuobo0coDtaccs9tlhfrtnoarresrilinh2tar8r-teitmacdmitecc,deca8uadvighht4taadnhocqigta,etipeirealan-niooesn.ui/rdnoDoottzktdptrcnBndtJiuhinthaurgeaoetnuscCenersaetnaRissie(olsoshdnswdotaey3idhqtngnenuaomrril-7siiautncrttw-nntutn8D8hhavloaoeaholgh,disc(a3imaeeaiqvelnfoHqalnety,t1tumwtehuireurltisenhtO9rodnaro3igoaoivraeoody8eedgzea7rlmxraCsntql7padeoot8tthrrAhs,ihuhnsrerruethb4ioite)ahadooaaabacnt)raenqgzwn(heto.znnlttaizdeiUueatreiancueatanritcerdiereosEs2Sroisrtt(adsddntlrhtdgi4eRopaPoftwoooeojmreio1e0lenrteewurrnCAuAioaru0ax)oddqscgse,csuas0ilRtsv'mtaunhssttanti0atwwdwhtnecodateAwanhudigsioarnilaraleadmsuelc-a)iransnagptssnwsonotsbettgiccatcolomtfaunteeaecilte/1tgeosisenkssesntettlna40artm1eroedgddext0tolwTc%Mrcidrrdmisp-uoodmioehawebtCsofannniagacetfiyoacuHauyctdittFn/hepsrsoaLamm,thun-pEdnORreniwinadcdno1rneoPsc2hCwtsahae9niil2orA,nnoeftn9is4tgee6nieibmg,gg0nnnrl-a4rtlimyDeuaetsti.fca3eedaiiuosanddto4lrsell.3fytsra pfTUarontoxedcieectrsesSsoTtuirnbSsgsCtoaAifnn2cSse,eu4scp-tDCpiooonprntet4rro,fooflErtAmPhcAethRurme(CTqaRuSniACrehAspe)artolhtghartaemmffae(nc3tu7sf9as2ct)tu.udrieerss aanndd chemical
60-6 2,4-D
AwC2rabmathel,nuaoc4sapentotsmn-otuDetuerpbahntf(lreaaCesvilesetycbsiErhrnteldeueoteRaoerdnnimssqCeesmisEruigpLuvseanPe(,eeAnn3nadApt7t)tdEire6tf(nodayo63uncvr)7pe(id.a8rRsoR7osnhsUQoC)nta.ramnt)zRsthad,eeAlereinimdomrtcohfaiofpStualinocsAzoRcriaafesRtreelundss4rAbtpo5srts,uo.ahtT4snataeiinnsiktowrelcdgneae.rsCsumetuosoleRenemfaredsSsstptpehereroeosecenratfCtiosmcoaa2hfEnbts,e4iRtlomhec-3nDCoi1isqnc3Lauatcm,nAalahsduinensmtiintiLnItitiirgceateahhsbp2leaioh,ls4tirato-ytavDe
FTetboseeotdele1ener0rrs0aais0nilnscuIpenoepsdrsmehocbatny(vi9ceE7rida9bPew)eA..eaFnPg(u3reen7isscg9ttuiia8cclbt)iiu.ddlireesahlarenecdgdoimfsRotrmroadortideeosnintitdieisucstie.adsnedLoaAfervc2det,sl4s-f(DorFraTna2Fgc,Rie4d-AsDf,r)oshmaaltvs0e.0a5nd
opaiMOtpnhprhfcaaopytektrhlshainiiiscnecnbouaaeiwncmltd,ehPtnuadscrmrchooaiehenrptrxeemeiecmscneiutegeciipnsxcoaptoavenlelmfiwrocRcoortpheonretedbngsmnfeaisrocatentoilanrhtoomrcutgehcheyiaoicntnlrhaaaotolnserggasdeeperaennerrpSoserrra,cceeaonnegmspmcsoueistundnlupeatl-tsaoytatiorugaoiirxnnseeneinsdscnttssrhdAiaafoeeanccrrsetdtsehedtwceean(oyerMohnla(nlact3tPa-aro0abmnmRgs9ieo)lSidt.ennahAsesacsemc)niubtsdosmynu. smutlPrpaaeitntrivemgeit
OEavmcecrpualpgoaeytei(oeTneWaxlpASo)asufoerftey1t0aonmd2,g4H/-mDe3al(st3hh5a3lAl9c)nt.ot(OexScHeeAd)an 8-hour time-weighted
THhreahaqzezuaariDrrddeeomopuuasesrnmttMmsaaetfetonerrtriaipoalaflwscTkiTtrahraganiannsgsprp,oeorplartoatbratetitloaiionnbnglehAaaqnscudtadnet(strHiiatgynMnsaopTtfoeArd4t)5a2.t4i,o4n-kDg(,3as1su8ba0j)e.ct to
FTohoedf.oDllorwuginagntdolCeroasnmceetsichaAvcet be(FenDCesAta)blished for residues of 2,4-D:
-
-
520boa.rpa1pprpcplppleoimmypcn,amvtiioeninoar(nttnstseuhe,doggerfaltiymrgo2eci,iab4lfalnol-eneDoedddrm;fwterosoahildcseatuuasigoeste)antsrsoicnra(beenpsexeuocltieftnaiipenbgtlgeldesfstlf;oweruodamrt)aesrd,. erived
from
Sc(tle8houv8ence7thlSr).oairslfeeTsoidihdfDeeunFreitelnsiedckvaeaielrrnlaegtlofpoWAretrhga2meet,en4imrtc-tDieaAedxsciimtnoasnu(b3lmiyo6tte5tfmc)looe.ridnztceadedmrrtiiniannkinai2nn1agtpClwpeFlvaiRetcelartS(iMoiesncCts0i.oL1un)nmdg1egi9vr/3Le.tn.1h0eu0Tnhdiesr
2,4-D 60-7
- StatemAANsstplLaPWoeltrDcLeseaitfWtairSsecettrTRergnsAiuPsnulrThgam(oeaEtsgienveoSrrteenaicmscaW,rdcsietraoeiitpttreehitraree:idraE.xbEpyPTonAhsuaerrsAreeamtLsibtviamieetenirtstsefhWseaeracvettenieocrpenrQ)oomuraasubliltytghyaertieCerldirspittarienodrgmidaiutthialogennadateldor sIIuLllpiLnpIolNiiseOssIe(St3s32a2n).MCL of 0.01 mg/L for finished water for public water GsNNuEeArwfWagcYreYoouwrOnkaRdteh-Kwrassat(ae3nr5s0aa0mn).dbie1n0t0wMagte/Lr qfouralCitlyassstaAnd, aArd-S,ofA4A.4a/nigd/LAAfo-rSClass VsVtaeEnrRmdMaorndOtNohfTas70aMprge/Lvefnotriv2e,4a-cDtioinn glirmoiutnodf-w3a5terig(/L36a8n2d). an enforcement sWWtaiInsScdCoanrOdsNinoSfIhNa1s00a Mprge/Lvefnotriv2e,4a-cDtioinn glirmoiutnodf-w2a0teMrg(/L38a4n0d). an enforcement
P roFpeodseeSERMa1dr9aaPegn9flgR/Ae1eLuPwelDg(rfha3oourtaM7rgiilsona5rC2ntakp9i,Lmsio)r4n.on-s(goDps3fo7Ws7a7es2a0d)tp.eMaarrgEmtA/LPocaAtxfinimtph(MSuleamDanNyWs,caott1Aoin9o)t8nra9eam,plirwnPoiarptinhmotsafeilrneytvahelDilsargciMnotiakoClinnL(gGMscWhCaenaLddtGuerl)perdoofpfo7or0se epERt1hxr9Peteo8rsAym9oacueu(htxr1laghcc5saeio6btnp5iCiotc)r.noeotnnphostoerefsarectvtdhhiaoaitsntrihoaTanicsottexaesrinqocisduiltitdayicRl wCedtcoaheosfaovitrnereasercdgytbreeerAaaisscltitteEsirctPe(dtRRhtuoaaCxlnseRich1iAista.y4)zeawmxrpdhgeoe/cLuntse2tdbh,4eei-cnDaTuJ.CusLenFPein, al
StatewCMMprhhWoOoeaspnSantotgTsseteitrhnsaSegtPTyaerrsAcobehgTaearprcEnaeroSgmomiejnsseectitfnheindetahplf.eorirorCc1ero9sensg8tu9ao-lcfa9tt0riwoe(nvi3tis6shi8wn3tghh).ietchhsetiwartielwl oaftfoeflirlcoewprroiEsgPraaAdm'vssisceahdna.dnges
60-8 2,4-D
MM70iInNnNge/sELoStfaOorTha2As,4p-DropinosderdinakiRngecwomatemre(n3d4e5d1)A. llowable Limit (RAL) of
EECwgDTcauhaDitriteedieergecrmeoltciiranavtirineeevesdevoa0sAant.lo0ulr0D,ey1srA,.vin20ak.l0uain0ne2gsd5fWAoar3antdteuors0tea.0dl(05po53er3sm)tiingct/ieLdne,dsreeidnspfseoucrtrifvaaebclesyt.rwaacTttehiorenrteroefaardtemrinennokting
DTp(to5rhit4orae0edlc)umtmciavtasxeximiismRue0uml.ma5taimandlggmlo/Ltwiso.saibtbhlleee
Quality of Water ccoonncceennttrraattiioonn ffoorr
for Human Consumption p2e,4s-tiDcidises0.a1ndmgr/eLla. teTdhe
DDdavthtmtahhineaaiikueedrreloeteempagangccmegrqetetroieidbnuvncdnuyaeoeiincntsclrimodacoeacmhtconleioeearomposrnrGnsiotgvblaesurseieturrronhryaobaiudrntnnscnootstodomodugoiualge-eh)pnWngnhnyrtdroitrdecao,gfivrtsuersepuoeosnourncr.brudbaotgsn-rsptaw(ditbae5nnaanor3odnotntc8peirciesre)rehsesssiocu(swtsiiwbn.pphedshh,riooi,ciooscirhcwlhrh)hoivimbatuoiphairsaftogoeysttceudshhofte.eioemsnpsrsaAtpemeoqcorpsaucugpsuroaunrrbcltocdoaiiscnhupsttaio,nroecngidonnaoec-rvtmnewgetisirhaapcomrnt,soenohouerumaangl(sledhiun.sbert.eei,ns
oDWrihrceeycnatinviinedseposencmtBiaoaynthboienfgparWebsaaettnhetir,ngcQouanarceleiatnytsrha(ot5wi3os4n)sthsahtouhledavbyemcehteaclks,edpebstyicides competent authorities.
Directive on the Quality Required of Shellfish Waters (537) Tshseothhufrihgfaebgeehtlascltfntmtaqishosnuahehocanaenlcdfillotoaeiytnngtshohecoersenfhynmasestthsulrhelpeasdfeleittllscilfshfoiniuisfnsohibfhctlsoaeatrptsfaniehrnodaeoncacmdelshcaushurfcosovsttrst.rauaebetbo.exersctgTstaeahoenhnadcelotiemhagtiahuintlleieoedvtdgceheeoleltninhnawcsaethehtenesdiilpcttlrhfesaiccustohihbifnoaiscstnwtraahiatnobitacofeurenrtmesesaosfscufrphotloerincitfhye
2,4-D 60-9
cwdbcDOaoaniehirsarrdcigcsdce/haitohcinaansrtocrlioivhggoswheesaedauanrolootegosrenfegreodoestmtrnhfhiwseinsehs,suitsuteoDobihmorsosinigtsaunuacanlbtsnhantscnaaopfteaodrnprsgnoidhosedcwaoruershorsddpafifsehcuai.rnhDcatihettvaoAehoenwsrad,ggi-vaszreyepftaorresetuoortaitenosmurm,nddso-telaweeSfloqrreuuaforutmbteimazetrsoetrtiihrr.aocmioynuad-eeclsnmreewoesvmbcfiarfaeite(orrse5csbnrt3icsomoo5nnoou)esnrnn,atttpisrnhpiteeclesairetnnsanastotloet o2Dr.i4r-ceDocltoimvreaeyfofnnecoMttsbabreykuemtsienedagniasnnodofrnUdaisfmefeeorneftnaDtlaponhbgajeesrceotssu. sinSteunbdsteadnctoespr(o5d4u1c)e light wcqscAaaDuoonnuanicmmddarsyhent/ppoecptiow.roitnhtiuuyasvednnt,seniadtdsonleposlsl,aa;nottc(asuilwoneoeTrmsandieotd,,hxpooeipofccfcshuotactynamaerhsnbdrciepdtsilcanio;asmiuoDlhnognmearaedttgnnhneosadgn;oxincetidcccr,isceyhoo-faaueahfrnnmesnadicudldiWotcnedsgassd)aiael;tennssercethgsthetaceahsaourlkerlomsiarneu(kscp5dgset4oeaewwu2frnpoi)nadhsrdtsaiictsadceh;rrsisesocppcamihonornrraocsdoditldnuimocugdorceipfienogostgif,lhnysephcuoyohcfclehdlniscols 2Dla.4ibr-eelcintigvDereoigsnulliCasttlieaodsnssiaf.iscaatiConla.ssPaIcl/kaagsiunbgstaanndceLaanbdeliisngsuobfjePcetsttiocipdaecska(g7i8n6g) and 2aDSn.ui4drb-escltataibnveDceleinsoisgn(7crtl8eah7gse)usilCfaieltaidosnsaisfs.icaathioanr.mPfualcksuagbisntagnacnedanLdabieslisnugbjoecftDtaonpgaerckouagsing EPrEoCpoDsailrefcotrivaesC-ouPnrcoiploDseidrective on the Dumping of Waste at Sea Es(1eEa7C9b3e)hapsrophriobpitoesde.d that the dumping of organohalogen compounds at
60-10 2,4-D
60.1 MAJOR USES condooefnlnbat-yrrcDoorpailocdrpohellfhaloenaArardolfv.tpeewhsmIteetenaddroirsisxoayapilanrpscooicnetsetguircwseoeahadflcesinctdoormol(ecp2emos,4nfora-tnDrunsoid)tlsasitrsauhengaedatosrryiicnpbsateneesnemoihnmaiegcnleddohceffooorubnbrnaicstntutriadorineref,saawsgpaeiasadsn(eat1duly6rfc0ueui7sntsr)gea.uidncsiddfforeuriftcosor,ntttohreol odiir2amnar,fu4hnepec-igubDhgeTtrielotoienoiptrncireireihtrnosspna(ad2uilsotucl0oreyfac5liduttlN0uy-sbg,ds-ir(fenil2r2ibadit0o0tdey5rm5n;eio1n0zs)t2,olah.ce,-m24eosps0m--iDm5dntm1iheoo)siaers.xnreitcanhTis9vsaao0hatll(%ieul<ffabooa6brrltmel0mmoeifunp9iofnle9prrao%mbttfmi)hoos.ernasmnsnu2Uidut,co3.rhlSfia,c.t7.tae2a,in8oa,s4ws-n-TabshDtleCihkccaeDahc(l2noiDf0inrss5aetaial1ealsstm)dos.and,icocneaiTotddamnetnebctaioadnhsurientnmwaisiciasatctarlholllartyrsac2rlreofo,oeo4wsrlu-iyDonelneusdtvsmeeeirandlssy
60.2 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS 60.2.1 Transport in SoD/Ground-water Systems 60.2.1.1 Overview splttarphrtaieeelnlsr,sse2opnhi.in4otle/r-agtatvhretyodisluosenspwvedrDcea-dtnwyiioisasmanstopee,olrpxvr2plees,i4cedyac-rsDtattcieepoomdinnhdca,ltyeasoonnrbtdtbhreeiraemiostnriupoengrlsnoahhosttpo.itvweeherxBnelpydueutilmcosknptseoobqadbseutaiualtlheronaiotgitibnfheteidleeytxshpzcseeooeurnsfsssseocits.eihftlpo/eegtnHrirmstboo.oluuwelunleattdvtioo-ieownrdn,aes(tga)eersr.cgaod.ds,uiyasslftcdtriueoosmnbmseeidwnahen voe7bhaO(rta1hese.nulfe0rmt8rperdtea-tyy5bo/7orhnnlo0r2is.sergcr5-t)t.eabie4e.adsipdu,a-i(snteni1mteoAdtdysh8rphftilgs5aonrea(ae1lo1erenmofnmspp)8s-tf.tltiDay5hienucv2nl2erPo,elBe,ne)ashs4mu.sboiot,e-rooiuupxDroopilfStssyrbonnyliiaegi2slsnmaic,,c,ini,tnicc4nehodwa2deat-gteren,iDlhh4ecs2dttieo-hh,chDs4hraayheitepdc-nsadaDioredvnwirdbbsoereo,-sluascb2elueolysatbu,(kysn4ssf2tetuuilh,cy,se5ot1a4sealenh-ef0l-onsTledDa0oytftunehftprrhsptadhaeheersaorenpdereiiuadoosdbersorcorelfeeoarstab2xsmsiit2tuemv,gteiio4,nenvieit4n,naynoet5-1taalinslrD-eny94ilnTerev6g9ituis)mnem4ir.attn5lbe,rleyrai%sadanrretitseielsoophhesarrnruneasaaoikeoasstnfcdsesplai5dosle.ona2g0e,mnwlwrv,:n4s43tiiFinosp8tcar,0si5ouo.tooo:8eb-rpnl2nnfn%tTraer0lume;eyeotrno,xe(nhmdeat1faarnylui6mbierswdntxca5osoetrtpinp0upiuiottsllodheh)trosle.ycfee,rrst1fatatiitoiho%etHpsvnhrdefiepyeedwlAdswtHye,tah2torsghws,teoel4eialbinl-rytneneDhtss-diss. In
2,4-D 60-11 eonfvtihroentmraennstpoisrtoafnpdritmraencsofonrcmeranti.onTohfertehfeoraec,idth, i2s,4c-hDa.pter will focus on a discussion os9epb2aovxt9.ue8iep.rl9tr/beeygt9si2copr%towt,iaoa4ec3atu,acd-.etDn3cl.reudtereo(ms-in1swpav8buteaai6lecrtap6toemtimH,rnevodme2opdl30ryHete,5e.hnr0,4aatsl),anoIetelnvl5aulet,npyhgbldH6seels,entitrunealhioernnnuvnadddseglewi,lsti7saseost.torhriaemsgcerFliam,aaiodnntploriieiespcsndssetrgsoxaofcccaxostoiimthiradmrmmetopewpan.ldmteligeet,loThfltyyobethhrlirsy5lumeoei0tsprdy,%ebo(ixtsieor,.thsdteefoee9.n,cd20ttiio,%tam4phot-sKeep,fDodo9ai22lr9si,,ttsv44%,oaa--ndaDDl,tcniuhfe9defedai9sconi.lsau9erfisno%lsaotstnincho,)gtilneoaiiakinitscniegodlfynforrtoimonm vtsggpppooeeiaaHvprinrrleyssettnoiiarIttaliianiiorlnoofl.wolnndmgyriiennPfopnhtoggdoHhearrerevosmtlateifhtloo(i,oninehld.toedtsieawrg.uill,ac,honnaclesfdaethsorsiesp2eisslo,msmst4orhcht-otichooaDcbianwtaapinclltanwaieetts(dythnhdsihwntoiietlrfscehaoasTiyrapaotmamsinKtcoebiocnaadtlosaetshtenfowed6oofti0bfahtf2a-hede12.st6s.h,atoc4wheshrt-TseoeDbeuelmehlswn3dsae.iadae3cmssidptea)se.oolsur,bcnornaytcgtEadilhioncsaiusenstudtosise.lmiioladnalactigatPirip2totaeaaea,ntpr4rrsensh-ttdbiiDfactepoeislq2orrieein,uensns4td,igi-lhnoiiDtscbevghfot)arieuitleltu-ihanshdwmmtteseiaaomvosttdanoeuarerlirtylil,eaoestudafeonsdardre s2cbpsepstpfpohyooox,irroH4orsiinepeerllt-d-svsteeeDtwalueeesrcme(mng-nnatavccuretndtteooiadsiepnslisnnidrsspna2tstieatotaano,ipoxit4rstimcoihhpnt-oitntpDaaeiehinhwn.nrstceeeesegiatoftdodertHhggfadineioalrc2nodmo2fsot,awdtlee,4uoo4stsdoe-nbwoto-DuvchbDdieiitloseliunesonrms(sga(p,wg8uawbimhre0rdgsiehaaats%fraohaaoissotpncnsiecca)ulherdeliynoareeoadisntwdiinfnlosiseeev-sdeudnwatcnionghsrtucarolaowoehisgttitltgnsneeimhasteimrdaebnrhodo.xtd.eliiehslecapdt;nlteGhtaerAtscdateceaorotsenslitloooilfrnesslfiuedtptioulgiandoe-nnHsfrwtrnsdtiioigooisottat-gnuhanhwntnn(abneeiat>iaspdroeifhrtc2ip5-yfisecpw,siee)rac4mvhapacna-pawaruttphDrtapiessniboaorrelopdrslont.tproetoien(sbatr,rrTdi)enetolb,tmyesiatnhoeem.iabiniornnnnlvosogehtgItuuontnihaggl6sofmnthhet0sf2erea-oera,m1trtt4dnathhu)e-veobpereDliablae)rten2isrtholeoidl,ceansta4dieotlmr-,na-Dgarvtedeiaaanrlepygiteliaeadplbolef cosdtraphoherneeipeggedrla.morsrnairhDsaitdiEcitcteugeaaedxhnetlctiocoeobirtesnfnnoyas,t2tniieneMtv,aonh4entost-oedoDfredaieexlednlxsaapege.dtlapregeecapcrnmIhdtaelsneiiaitdicncdvtaagrgaiettooeltii.nnboooouenni(fsao1rpe.lra8fehelr5oaaV,s2s4cfvii,2dot)s4ei2;t,luv-4a,Dbai4li-ttonlDeiy-lwDeiiantzonemhhafrhaentoreistereourhsuapnbnoaettoiiterlcslrissa/osigtodlwemorinedlsof,asoou,ytttdinlohseebdeewgxeva-vrwpiefpaatfrrehalHdeauacitcapntleetteior,idgdooftrlshnnoo(yttew1ehuosw8teppem5bHesme0sreoroee,hsnnidiail2tmrrs,vuh0teyeapee5p'snnho0ostdcr,atlroateusta1weedrnb2odxia1teeftcp.r0deioi2ne)ndn.m,Ti4stahts-ecTaDseindhitein,n
60-12 2,4-D
EQUFIOLIRBR2,I4U-DM IPNAMRTTOAIDBTELIOLENE6I0NN-1VGIRCOALNCMUELNATTSIO*NS
SEonivlironment Estimated PercenStooilf Total MasSsooilf-WChaetemrical in EachSCoiolm-Apirartment
U2n5sCat*u*rated topsoil at
Undissociated 2,4-D
92
8
<lE-06
Total 2,4-De
pppppHHHHH 43567
46 9000....9200909'
5999994909....198919
<<<<<1llllEEEEE-----0000176990
Saturated deep soild
Undissociated 2,4-D
20
80
ToppppptHHHHHal 234657,4-De
100200...200202 9999990998...899898
a) bcde))))
TIcdpCgHUppUnhuiaHehatesstorriislernedltccsooid6iraueeztcddy,nnnielioiua'sadcstsaontacttetnirrislto.goeodaiipesbnonwtttrsnous9iieom9tiscpbsniti.hoonar9haaonnet9ecsseusVs%eodetfldsefoaodnoofrnlstifloauloblit-tnotcmaiweolwitnpeateaMcssaHnktouo:leta1ernnr5nc27pKssfk0.,itacop4d%aaitoro-syuemDn=r'rds1aeapec.dta0tesa9oes.cqrEp0desraut0Hfu-imsifp11tmliio0rtceb3ipeoxnior,esautnintKs9ugmttoa0hmho:ni%al.fdetmpaKsmanttaaJhi/roltdmmlatdip=tosateoHialftltoeth6nuatas04ehintrn,aaed(a2gnt91p5edd9e2mdpin%1sruvo(s0do1soid)xreea2c.eoiedti1mlanp0ptoma()eH3sn.tdoee4lnyi,5lfpt.r3,afeao5l9rcCr,c9tceia.3ogo9nl6nen%ct)ndua;eilgtasraieetaoteelnodsf
2,4-D 60-13 - stifh(dooo1arei8slesn5sosb.t0tiier,lfiyeRe8insd0eso8poc(,ionil1tsr2e8tt0d5teh5h4de0ia,n,nho1rae18idxln85fpe57-rlla6,iagv)oi.1renf8isic5nT2uf8gohl)tmre.uthro2taiAn,isl4mth-osseDosbo;ismrlseiaen;repfvwtotseahohrrtetiaileo1stdhn0hri-gfa5i(ogh1n5rhe8grwe5e9r90erf)%eapr.ktoeesmrd,soiilssffeaotseapusnpprctpehedlaiaarchnyaaasntsi1co(%e1bn8eo5aecfn5nou)d2nl,td4looo-tDwbe1dee-ar2ipnpwpHleieekds
4Aoapca(15ocpne8%tnrpedi5scvleii0esUesectne)tdron.aeoterndrsaa9aogcIest8tnanerei%nimotnaiitnisnaaotosmaslrhstptmos2ihie,vgtf,aesw4ehatl2-ionndD,chc4deiooeAd-xssnrDrteieobcrasiehipdlmcFnaie(idcdtsiog~gorrerranblace1atceaeda0iteeopeca0ntnndhpt0etisilsornid.iItcanngbeat,st/AitiaAewoiptoctne)oemntssrseawsaedmroiesnbafioron(mltefy1ene1fs8urie0t,dt6lrh0oasu2ne-erited5m)oree.0dedite0aloasOvsworipigvaonedpnetxrlemorryikpnfeilcdwuacadweaunnih1enscaaoepr2ttdtrifeo-ioseomrso2nenrar2,osels4bin,ipd4n-seftDo-iudohtDrtreethcsp,peethhdeehhaerrenifemsirgttouiobehsiidmrnictcdeacbi(n1elrd1es0cceer8raes(6yes1oe0afew8fra)sd6oe.rerm1se). grounAdlt-hwoautegrhe2n,v4i-rDonims eenxpt,ectrtaecdetloevbeelsrhelaavteivebleyennoonb-pseerrvseisdteinnt siunrftahceesaonild/ ground wssscfwsatamhottouopfarratlarornpleetetpnfnoeteaarlaaitwrirmmccitms1aooaie.ps-nnrti5whsignea)%o(pIa,danaannisttedtl2.heeliero,oa.rexi4wnfnasAh-eClefDtiasilolbhratdhlrsfhienrrottwotaiewuwfahuraddtnepea)etgioledaipdlhnofrwnleffsrwi2asctesc,euaallo4tuollcrbttc.-rnietaceDsoafrcntuvanAbaesrecinrnlpnlrnee(elttoe1tsridwrata8liathedanl6atvfrauiw4tqtoeesaeee,liunegrsrstaarsh1oqi(noa8dc1dfuspt6fui8itear5ptlto62ctelih)lriue2,lcit4eimcswrt)ynsa-.aeeDiortlmtriefhoFurraso(nea2unrr1nmppea,lo84ita(onitof5dd-;orfkosD2lutrtysnf)sieee;noehstariagpfntianinoorarvddtpluahe.itahrycsgheon(iabege1cgaotnelheo8rcoteteanth6sinristmms3tevhoaari),alldetamulytyssre5botsiet9tunioiefpanr%ldaccicao2tiyttcntyraei,,oho4tostdeupeaen-6fdDdnno6ivtrdnoth2iwtoccef,crwif4iotnuuto-resh9inrDtat4raylktee9othsdiofoesffns 60.2.1.2 Sorption on Soils wSpondfd2(ai1rta0fiieassr8fit5ltmsssuoud6e0ooonnr9ra2)cciagac.)lr,iils4tnaaioliosr-ttdyowRroleDieunogdpraiilnbnpapatoioeinbapstrlrciftititoeoshtcwoernyntpdenaheimHsstaaeeoaotnkantagnnrootdl7nryitytar.oeeotlogta.nrsabhat(tcSid(upesnceal1iseardKnin8orcyfpidcor6vatesoehbcr9s)escmaoide)sntlon(ndaih.1brfytaea8ee6tld2ce6poTn(psi,61o(dt4ohrH1m,8rir-eeac8t6Dppo1n66otdteus8d4ih)ntfiho5l.)ssavn2a,smtsiti,soh;oo2rIoncei2no1,sblsi4s,on8at4epo-s6mtme-DaoHfse4Dnniodee,ltdisniholr2saisitesefow0rdsepna5i9sitxsaothp0ho0phnriia,gr%esdietsproepc1estpndmtb8Hoiadeoo6eitidbioltn7egeso7ryr,srnsltwoyayorat1tcstarhahn8itiaseoeaneeda5dpxnmtgn4oesosie,7sbod.urh4.trs9tr1fa.eebraf5,i8Tsdnaroet6Rvhcmdab8peet(enie)h1pdHd.de2ne8apun.ea7c6eAte4eigt0hn4drnda,a-teapvt3sotepn1iHio.vtro3d8orheo1r7pafi5nt91glcte..m9m(h)8ihd1o...9aoe8n9rins6ngt%t6ise,
60-14 2,4-D v2i0driaannae..dda14csrtss%d-iraioosaeetrrTtaDiaebpinstaonpetoidbnitndioisslgc2enfoi2ar.nri5pa,t6lei4%sescH0s-ti-wDstai.2ohtohanafrvIrpneutgtaar,rtinasnleehucintsgnadtoeebieicssenodigdopntbcewdseefanesrienoretFeooghdbfrnrrmraoepeoapnlnurtrd,H1itengaow23padtnu%,oniisl4ptoiruih-cancotDphfetntpopdciesooaiHris2rdnn(e91tiwpstxslt%8oeeripea6rnsotaepls5htlkc(ot,ec1ttoilneooyh81fegdnna68xsentc66opdhtde6)roeen.a5)bfct,tibeatsretetodhealhddifatloeist.tolrodeonpaxewI2eepcnns,arero4mncvresa-e.adiuDadrnslrodletmIensin.ptooamiinoroyfsTbrenoisbtne,ihroildteorsertaenhplvmtrdeoteaosieoronoosfssrnigoboielbaisrisndwllpessygasir.tigontivfhonrderTnbidof-ehtimchdeaantt csms2blbrtpeuhipe0eertvarpeer0lleeyoofucodalswwimrssIobeacntmsememegd5t.drhiveeaenoticeopxIeatevmenhfpwpcne2xatlet5ppieldwtcoeaeedftedcbarfatrepmhcsoicdatm2toterhthdo,laad4eaersegtnn-oethotrDihpedtinranenriytapeggwhmhrthe2e.ieeaywit,xrssn4ehosaipaOeo-dfdbteDrdsleueutreutrhephieabbbmmsenfteilysthrleueoeira2strnbtrersy.c,ehmftti4hpalsuneoi-aOecotdoDf(ydesirri1nnhetm28aseesfeal,oldedn5a4puis(s4dl-lxe1stDii)unna8(fcotp0dwa6huafst.cyp41aihretitl)tv%nlvehi(hiecee1taneaart1s8lvotitoaus57niweoipr%lor2rdgafnods)raa1ttnrieecuno5trtampresoed-ifico3npiefmsarec0aolnochtospgrotaie.cwaplatevdrmeplleb(idWwac1emtoprudoh.an8nHrheraft)%aonve2etlsreet,9lo4mdse;lv0ieoav-eel%soDfrrs,etgorsgelwoeitsetaclbthwm,ttina(teepaari"htalcbHaisoali9op.lowocenl0tinenw(dor%1ailr2enaazy8ceal5tnsee7hs)etddlaie0entocdcodhd)mwtushfe)oe;i,intslhi.gne dvssrooeaeriltclueyrstseAiloaoi(ttl5snute6lhtec0iiwoog-22nhni,t84chrl0e-eaD0nivnnterckgrlaresgeet/tihaooaosarffnid)n02.ag(.,t014iF1i8o-nDon5itr4toiw)aa2.plh1,4p0ec-lnoDipcnapacatmpeipnop,pnltiral,eiadedttdshiooteroanptpet(enii1orto8hncr5eem8nra)apt.alpaceaidMadpsripoacsrljikoptcoartaitobbeinotaensahiiclnar.asds(teo1ebpis8el,es6enr8nade)tserurnmeeltptpaioonsorsgfrtitveeidend tao 60.2.1.3 Volatilization from Soils we2m(th1x.i4o2altl-rit1sen0tDfmDu,rourote8emelf0y.br8oetwl)omo.aawinttaTesvqrihm.lauoelepwuToroeuahrsvtsteaearrpsneeoooptflfrooutrrvrtpetoiareo,lnedanvsstpsoifiulolosiarzrrteetaixHtlpiiapzoerneannodctcritfoeyerrsnd'eosslm,aotltaopfiwsva2ober,iltec4lyioc-ninuDhselsiagtggfarlherlinnyogtwmei,biranla1tesl.eut3lrhyarsef-ssaoii1cpgnle.unrd9beiEisfscioile-acii1ntaltys0ecn,detoalerytobvmyfailnop-atwmohnsreoey3ar/imltsitooaohiinllarnof
2,4-D 60-15
FREUNDUCH ADSORPTIOTNABCLOEN6S0T-2ANTS FOR 2,4-D ON SOILS
Soil Type
Kp` 1/n* KJ* Ref.
Surface soils:
TSNLLZSLHRSSBGGSSGZMRBttpttiouuouueooorrreerrsoaeaimliiildbblsbvrvoogvoebbdbdlkadidbeiebbrnekassCsleenibrnadadelekkekelrrrrgoildmmeaeeeasooodtoeetkskkyiessevvveo-nsisaaClFsliCAictnnHIIaieABClHs-aylsslItgd-dBhitaii/Isg--l-hIrllIl,,hytosichh-ttnoIliolashlrocos0too3aaelirlllniaulaoorl.r.rooomyziot3l2ndmlizariisoaaaotazz2z0oid,yimlulammmnolomz,oo%%ontymr8,nenn,ala,,,4,ayo.nl,,mm,0l5,.lo166a5o03,oo.2s2a.1...1ma1,,1.s7.2ax714%50.mc.o5.m.%558n059459..91,.i%1,8,%2,%1%%d.8l.%,510,1%%%o%,pp492.o%29x1HH.%o%o..11oooo1c5...o6o..,o7o...c.%.0c8ccco,c4.34x.%...%5copc...,oc..%,..,,,.p,c.%.2.8.Hx,,,,pco.pHp3pp4p,.o.HoppxpHp,o,HHHHo3xp.HH.H.Hc3pp,c...Hc.44.,6.334H,H49p,..043.36,..2..0p225p0H39..p..1050p2H663550.H5H8793.2.H967831.5557.5.61.84.06404
Subsoils: TEBZLLisjuourorlbbsuddtbbrsmeeeturreepuskksapamnnIIcIIdedlyl,asstaawy0tnnei.al1yddlt,2,,e%tr0i00l.l..0s01,a6o420n%.%%c.d1.,,3o%oo0p..cx.Hc0...,5,,o%4.pppc.H7.HH,3op4x66H....7,441367p.H646.14
21117227600222000001113063......................1330046888584428804922 0000000000000000000000......................99699999987889998899881111153335668472862298 33422211111193353393337514098176591084048649176007044000 1111111111111111111111888888888888888888888855556655565556555666554444664446444644466644
000000......1130425 000001......998880133488
33511758420350000
111111888888655665644664
a) b)
cCKopanlcc==eunlaFtstrroiaeoilutninaododnlsfioicnrhpFtairdaoesnsusounrcmdpoltneiicsoshtnaFnarctdeousepofnefrdripcltiiucieonhnnittc,eowaqnenusidtgaahtni1to/tnnon.r=g=anEi1xc.pcoanrebnotnial(Kfacto=r
on Kp/o.c.).
oarirdbeorTrsnhoeeflvomaspsaoegsrnioptufrdetsehseuhrieegsshteeorrfstthfhraeonmatlhkcayoltmeomsfteetrrhcseiaol2f,h42e-,Dr4b-Diaccidiadere(f2or0re5mp0ou)r,lateatdinodntossihgbanevifseiecvbaeneretanl
60-16 2,4-D rddeemrupyrioissnrsogitoielndHhse(aro1vb8fei7c2b4i,d4,ee-e1Dn8O7rdr5eau)pn.roignreVgteoddhliasapttniooldiszlbaianeltgiomoponiefnriicsamotrniaoelclnea(sn1tet8idrn7ad4tti)eoc.dastoAheidemlrvmbbeiiocreiiyndsttemuarsiineoroluamrntioedonvnvaitsapopor(1orinar8gt7il3vop)ese.srefsorfmroemd 60J2-2 Transformation Processes in Sofl/Ground-water Systems udahgs1urunry8ebidt6oeahs4brdtto2o)sei.rt,ltfr4yusrilz-utmtHDhiehcoaatanieovlnin)fdsef-lt9ha2ishrv9nau,ee4%evnps-aelopDicfrgrdibotdheioeersistdecnse2nownc,tcg4cahoirle-asaameDtstpoeesposd2foitwrn.,iuw4tmaen-casdDDadlteetdeaterg(ieords.prgKarossaAhdtacatadcaatbu2lte=lilpd0roeoHwn2idaun.afn6rwltyeweed-sa3vare.ate.cr3etslters)Ieidronvreaaneywxnbsanpdhonc(ovoedoohsnenatxeahydid5sdeasi.trca0aitotto,oieifvnsox2tasin1pr,rt42,oere(-rnad1Drhidg8emobid6auitey4ustern)icnsose.ttudn,xiponep3enn(le0ri1,ccg-8y7tdhh7e0ayt6dt%ydo)(r;1too8ool5ytfbs0hie,ase,r organNisummserwohuischstaurdeiepsrhevaavleensht oiwnnthtehantat2u,4ra-Dl einsvrireoandmilyenbtio(d1e8g6r5a,d1ed87b7,y 1m87ic8r,o846, wa21f,8i4ft8eh-5cDi)tniniaangndfsdeoewtichlsaamytroaminnnitgchseroso.ifblrsioam(l1m8a7e9fte)a.wboMdliasomysstitshoattlhfw-eloivpwerseederokemsp,oinrwtaientdht fm(oororrteehvetehnbainsood9lee0g)%rafaddcatetogirorandoatfion c4t1ha-8car8abt5to)eh.nDcashevNogeolrof,ban2dcee,hea4nlto-oiDofrinodtmceheanexuntspicefoebierndediiemcrgiaernapnacidticdsdaulsytlh,itouacanrvoneendpvmerecsorhetdtadleuobidacrltiosstahhorypeeddeCrr2Osot,i4hxs:-yatd(pt1iihnc8bhe8otnl0thooh,rexo8yaep4arnh6ocv)eem.intriaooctDlni,acmec2gaie,dr4nnas-dtdd.(ias3cit4hdio4leon5r,coph1ara8noi7nids7uo,clets,
Breakdown of 2,4-D has been reported to follow a well established degradation pm(tbd1oiaeis8etcar7tnrepa9ornp,brngeei1aaepo8lroff8aerr5nntto,ewcmrdei1oc8hhatf8oami1rfse)ser.twbna-onteIrdegnodneaceytcrfsrhureeorrtpomreoleairdtfcfetot,oeriuoduafrnortulstwlo:droeeawabe,ykeesstdshl,stoeoewbavydnseeuidnnavrieattrdhintaaaiepolywinsdrteiemtoeaFokfceisrt1t;isfh4oto-tenrohwrel5(deal0eegatr%kigmpsdhpeed(ahc1ifsals8oieasn7rep9eh)pt)ao.edisntauarbrlcaeionnengcnceewrnhehtapirscoahrtitoend dstspncahoeheurdvregaombiirrpgmoebacIeodtondeerrharantoe2islgttueri,essio4sonnlhn-f(ybeD1asru2i8npcast,8doi4lis,t8nn,h-eD)cotdar.rotoseeomgpdfclbrleolpteeaegrhdeladrteeneraatde.edtpnisleoyrhevYrnexoisrpsowteooeurannnnfovncmstag2eetiivo,cle4a(eton1-bedftDd8dleed8uepf9giese(nrigr)1nnoar8dsmgrad8oeda5ippalibt,rnoiisoiirgo1smintnd8enoage8dorrogl2gieftrl)nay.a2scnodt,ooir4Tasrnda-mtrheiDineogmsel;nraaoieatcadff(edrnf1sdoabedo8btcar9isitobcopa0tnetle)oehd.crfpeoiiforao2fiApcn,2d4ianutn,-alolo4lDdatyt-aithaDciwseoeagorrntiesrtoeonhpdsbraettibunrscitooddeahndilytalae,tkdoooennnin
2,4-D 60-17 csrtsif1nhliooe8xopnei8oltowd6hdrmrT,iaeaettteiphdoe1okdiie8dndssc8tes,bout7gdonrr)5r(e.ee8da3gba;4%diretkT6aaliido,tdht6i2ontaoe1l,wstetn48oiin-8o(moDs18n4rlop8)o0,fo8olwnob4rst2ossuit)s,sma.e4gdsnrw-igeegDvcIseganeensrssdithafolioionodacfitwbgnsaahtsnteehbetiartorhreelenyaverustpenotnuwdurbadnedsaieedchissirnreeeoossonrwbao,abcniinfetslcmlasheo.eotremooorvfidoiesrcboebtdardxeitofceyiiondeg(croaleedogdnfnpanrae2cnydehno,iir4samstdom-isoeoDbpinsnlaiasctlsdwrs)e(oeote1dcghnr8obrae8tnaento2dhder,naeeiut1stin16ipoado8d%vnoe8neamns4r;is,hllooaiaaebn1bse.slsg8sirelt7.obi,rut4bfeaynoo,eitdrcveoneedfrr s2t11ih,80g4e90n-20DisfM)-oi.5ci(0loa00nsBb.t03tiao-dci5pdntapeectkrmgargirea/aiahl(nds1adpea8)io;t9ciipna1ohutn,oellwaa1ognt8efio9vot22enima,r,4d,f1e-ovsD8leea9lrvos3wsew,ehraia1ensilrm8gob9spbi4trcaus)eic.eddptrieeevPoasecantdoerhdnksatoceovaeirelnpbatbprerneilaoidpscttloaiaoDortwintdooexundaitnestascdositrgooefenrialhnisf(icoeig1codrh8amn.8ncda1teol)nrsateerrpdseapput(loci1iotcr8inato9estn1dio,aniabnoovfe wdodectmpreafaeefHacfargtcsehye2brrcsn,aoeaoT4tbifandbo-cfheosDaseafeesnetclddoid-rtowoguuevesnbrmdeogaerasdcirsilredtebacoarderdytptvoaeoaHeeemgntbtihdrlditifaooahaeo(twnl1ddreteh8hrereepha9iidceroagttirr2gplhhete;c)phhueb.aoH2telsymhalt,eTe4otisprvsi<-xohieoaDeniidemncrlls6iues2taapo.dcy,0oyptHi4enhfp-otdbeDotlffsaueirhoicceg2er<abdifnm,dtoi4uttiiorooof1-uesdimDnx0ocleta%itaiuhgclotrnstlereao;atedatatltfyhideaifmfno.2taefeecwnt,itce4rrciftMhorera-coDaoincohloosnoteefernraewmdteg2tethahaa,ima4hc2slenmeta-i,oigD4hlso2nteshm-in,h.ttgD4htmeshh-haDeeaaolatr.ryeadrtbcft(stpoahi1tohcphrlH8nraismHedp5ionc4etuad<is)fo>lleceoa-ncrorgr6trvei6nr.oa0epte.ac0nsh.aode,aesrnwehestT8teear0mhaidlda-nlea9tlit5alsooies%otrwntiillael sTdgemtcmterlnoreohaciionvpccwhenuirrctrrnshooneIepo(inbon,dctnoritwa-ibarmsrgswltilua-aoeeaeg=mtnpddvntirioeoemiatsdrv2n.gpmdae0ersuecrrsn0aTlotydadcvicn,hdceteasatiacea.2toaplriyt,nmlhoah4resysneba)a-ai;Drnttlsipeebnieamntritthhcooiotainitaoheffsdhcsntseebihbefi.pvtoiierhafooersaolodmedIsltrndiyueeelmpogg/biggdoorsrnusrreaatufolooeswdadiebunultaahoiintntttmooiiofiiddacndooa-h-l2nn)etwwy,hgt4m2aaorieir-ss,ttaeDa4eebdlpryf-rriaeDamersmil,itesramiiryslato2itayesesyepn,ntpd4dea.lritb-omdceDmwettllaSyoeitmidacdpnahdtrseeanocheeeoggyetdgdebrreeraianbtxdaaatdhdtetlovrdeieeaoaaedpnlttpildiciolhtmosaomtpenbihtnionutouirceelfliceieandsfttwhahnytv.stiehteioimxorrgionTcaopsnffohsotnheirdificumo(ielhetc1sngeiea,8sgdrnnl8oh2aott3,fwdlt4)yo(is.l-inyoD.webg.i.lie,th 60.23 Primary Routes of Exposure from Sofl/Ground-water Systems
The above discussion of fate pathways suggests that 2,4-D is nonvolatile, weakly ssourgbgeedst tsoevseorial lanpdotehnatsiaal leoxwpopsuotreentpiaatlhwfoarybs.ioaccumulation. These fate characteristics
60-18 2,4-D wuesbefi2nouxx,nee4rcippldasmlo-poutiDkwssVsldeisuueirodotnrisnoctlu.egradieaehtdetittt2arleohteeis,ogdzno4vwratrs-itaritDfeaohoidotrrouenrsaeknhameltewylaroilroovsyfesbnifesab,tedaok2hneelrhl,enebo4sonprnoy-wddeDHrvisgdepeosirvtsetdlfleooaierteeocuerctovnntic,inmeleattedlssdetos.he-dafiwdonoinTutdaifhnaltthidneeshceepnrimaedruovtp,aseisaniouonrdawrdnpotylueheianpascsniglsmleicitrotbhseieoecauiestnui.lcrsiaisntsvatfaodeeuoeelycd-rsxxwcsceppugoaaoee2rrnctccforei,cd4tteruedee-nsrndDdrocndi(nne.9t-tikwoo9nsiin2Toanbre)itghlee,edi,-tserrwbhutaiuhneslcanturotketdesniiadrnncpttseiagrhsspnmeydsewtdeoseiigtobceanselicvmtiaimalergeittriitiinsenbybo,daenleodnoftr cftrtisrhhoeoseenumutnlcuaTtlomsithknehinieesenoluyadmfmrtieestsopcocudvrhtreiebawfomaarenatcgeiteoaeneonnrtfwt.aooiaalmtqfHsuepuu2rsooarse,w4ftraita-oceacDsvfenoedtsrriwurng,eiraanxdfgtnkpaeuriicrosoene.msugutnwsorAwdeaos-attrwheptaeraeadrsttor.ehlseomrwuswIuepoanslyrptgbt,lieiificotsiernstcsoai,ogmomnnenaismconsteveodianoxeillntmpsd/rgoeaeterrshtnxomuiatpourtanonewlshdiumfea-tarwhxvacepeaytssootocesramiourllsnfaroospyteyraassoocrt2cttmce,iccm4cwuaul-yesriDrt.shr,ffremrtosohaummiylst 60.2.4 Other Sources of Human Exposure dcinrisdotpursiNbtsreiutiaaetreslld;yatnwhsdiiexdtceyroleympmemianriecntredhcneeitarleoinssfvittaiehrpsoe,pnlo2mier,4de-unDtstoe.dsroafldonrgienaqatunhadetipUcanwsitetueerdde Sclaotnandtte,rsolalisw(9un9ss,e2d)f.oorenTshtasu,gsr,iciut litsural wshinaaamsttehpbrEeleexsedlpyintsoectsdreouamnertttuseearcistnetaoeemdids2p,i54clne0o-dDnd/criigeiinnn/nLktadri,nnrabogitntuiohkwtneianirsntgesorotwfuniad2nety,e4fnr-coDaoudtnriooateansbstiaonalnvteeeosdsttu0a(da.9b5py9o,pn2veo)gea.nfrLl0yT.t0oah11nebdoteihfgnicf1goLo1hnm7eeosmfwto2oavf,nta4e9,lr-2uDaeslrytuhr(s2retoae0pulm5og0rsht)e. idt oTNodmhicdnoffeeehaanrtttxe1Ce1ebtii.c.aoc6aiCm9scttmn%n1oieiouoadaudinmnlnpdertopacaaSadflebt,cmtuiiro;mot2roiainhfnfn,tbfti4acehtaoc-ef2(etDvsern1e,ao4Ae8tdomWrm-6wctD0a3cspa.atu5u,0sislt9orecpr0e1fs%onrdrr4a9enaec1(nMyotftde7xaoeicfneg)mcoefw.tgft1nLeei1ai4nicn,od8tt.tae9op6wisrtromeiesipisnortnduiphanmtgicbtelmihiaasomoPye(fns1rmmintasob2Ct,amog4enaxrrss2opniaaepam)tlmam.inelfdusdlro,paipmeItalgbhneqbeneecesuecitsrtweofowwuwinnreesraetecodlflesrleayeu)nunnc,wrlnewetcpa1rso1eiwsto9atf9ehfs7to7arc,si61otsfioarbenmarhawlaymstnumnoahdmadosbfeoxrfean41ri1cnm.et9t9a3hhp(87uu30eeao17mxs.n,r2,e/wpt%de2ocggeode,so/rs4)fLtutone-terwuacDcor(eenti1n.letndio8whdnt-w5prTawc2arael2shaua)tr,.teii4droe-eirnDes I(n19a16Am)i.roneixtoproisnugresstutdoy2o,4f-1D6 acriteiens,ottheexpmeacxteimdutmo bceonscigennitfriacatinotnbdaesteedctoend awvaasila4bnleg/dma3ta.
2,4-D 60-19 2m(r(f1i91e,9n4o92p7d-n24o6Dit)4rnDh.t)agss.ihnseadotooTsflfad1hbtp)92ehep7,eae49eenn-a,sFDdtrnfiDsmoooiuAtnnaon2ltydF,erb4deDi-eivnDnAdeaaa1iwlinm9aleayd7ddisi6nuvintlodiwthdtreaauamtktesaexaelc1arptfniekoonodyesoftudtfihr1bone0ausaatasnpfmkncdoaenaopttuhsidlneeawssulsawt,arhmymvaheesaofpyordw0lsrkei.eee0ssv2tt0ie,nt64obrec-.sfaeDftsietgk.Io1dn/ed9kt7Tdpg13sloh9euos8er(rif2rs2tv,ei0bev(c5yo2ehos0damy)fyvfo.eoperawrlrBibe2asiiee,nng4toefhcw-anleDdtne.)tensno(6 wa(3di2tmh1i1Sn2)ei,.sv4te-r2Dra,at4iloo-Drsnt,uiwtdtsraiaebsscueathsylsaloovofeer2lri,ime4spo-iDooncrattwtyeedledreetishntfaeottruh2ne(,3d40m-9Diin0lk,ims3oi3sflke6cc5oro)we.ftseladgcrtiaanztiimnnggilkrin.atspFafoosltrluorw6eismngtorneotarhtaseld
603 HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS 603.1 Animal Studies 603.1.1 Carcinogenicity wTwfblimapnyenoehaimmatirtsitmmhhscphaerOmahel5snmeeltosasputdstabrrodoai(olyaoereyritft.mtcs1egewaoa2.lfde,inamol5an-lndr20Msiadnt5tsr1cfhpeeeo0wmoipwnmsa4nfmedtahssareewelii)tedeldllau.eeeecdrraefrhcryaaeIkleatsamttsdossstrr.wsecaefixiiisalnoannneAusnrgcsoapldertmdceaidsdeonreltaoanelnqegsssvgedcudeeoreliwdao-nuolp0rotsudele,eeipaarpenls5nsaeedb).m,dt2yesit2,tsndeeS4hlI5ycsea-Aoa,trnDmirtenfeRc1d-paco2it2tCnrshhrm,5epe4eoe,data-e(ashD1s6rsatmeiee62rndctdac05wrcoeom7eiannimrod)anmsadsretcaitdmoascnsis1udtcra.cee2yr(eerend55incnNgt30tiocnolem/eeafg1oponr1astgloppoyhiyd1enmfuslmenatlpiiymesinnps.c2mmmhao,fa4t.olsfeaion-sgmlDoailnTmmrfaanhc(lanautoie9lrhltmmss6etey.nbat(7a-r2es%eoneo1rndaip2neto3lpea)fdus.mres) bmyg/1k4Ng9o2p,i4pn-mcDre2(a,9s40e-%dD iinpncuitrdheee)ncidneie0ot.f5f%onreog1pe8llaamstmionnstdhwasialsy(2rb1ey3p6os)tr.otmedacinh mtuibcee ftorera2te1ddwayitshfo0lloorwe4d6.4 2ob,4s-eDrIvne(n9de0s%foertp1au8lr.em()2o1snu3ts6hp)se.inndjNeecdotesidnignmdiifimicceeatnshutybliscnuucltrfaoenaxesideoeuisnolyntuwdmaitoyhrs2a8wsoainsfganlegoetd.eods.Aenoimf a2l1s5wmerge/kg w3ooC-ffirmtoch1seo7Astme.h7isty%msthrlkceeaihrrnioncofisalpaatalohn1if02etnh%,tC4imrn-eBDginscAoeeslatuxiuntntrddieCoybano5teib7ennod/szBefmerLwtnvihiceetmeehdoiawcn3fmeo-amrtsirhnee2ceetc0ohesnsyikmavdlliecutnohdcnootftofeolhadrns2n.e43tbh-ydPwDrraeAeonpepirienkcllshoofa.iofmpclaleoaMotvswo0i.ncdae5eende%vdwoberKelsyooraope2luze,14lttdo0ih-ovD%eonan,no(sbp2otfuah1ltuie2ntn5tiso)eok.dntinin
60-20 2,4-D bmeicae prercoemivoitnegr 3o-fmneetohpyllachsmolsanotfhrtheneeskailnonine omric2e,.4-D alone. 2,4-D was concluded to 2ScpRfeiap.eon4arictar-dcetleiienInoDmrAtbnoeiraigRsroaul6eeClinl0oncvti.sgaec3(triai.1ocutc2l3ayemfi.n,2ldtooo5shrffgat7iosuesn)2rndw,si4cyiftnceuo-ucrDinrdenretsy.fehvifardoeeaesRrelcrveprteedidsoencdiregseoitxncneftupKcdht2sieaeds,crin4ineetoa-senpnDvad1co)as0er.i%iatlfnasoan,brfdJmolheunfsoenouwarmnegnse,-gaivHume1leess9orait8dn,lr7fgaghsutktas(rpui2tvnhdht1er'eies0eenrg5saloey)tixn.ienmnydevahprAedwaheslerttosieibqtmoghdiu,acaati4acditoo0(eer2nnse1mtcco1iieesgn8rn/ecn,knvtlug2eaade1l2budi1n,oae49gudt-)eDt.(;stheee 603.1.2 Genotoxicity Db(2lro1oo2sd62o,.p4l2yh-1mil2ap7h,(o23c1D4y27t8e0d,s)o,3ien8as6dc3nuo)o.lmttuiaCnrpeaopnnvetfsal.irlceitnttihonvagilbversoetugs(ude2lny1tso0it8nao,rxme3ic4irc7eien6p)o(.a9r9tne8ud)moabnnedrthroeefceetseffsseitvscetsinleoctlfhuad2li,n4t-geDsbtsaocnitneria TA1523.45-, TA15D36w, aTsAn1o5t37muortaTgeAn1ic53in8 sotfraSinalmWoPn2elloaf tEvsnchhimeruicrhiuiamc(o2li12(72,12364)70o)r. in strains cDe4reavTtish2iae,4er-aDDt5ecoownfacgseenantlrseoactiioonnncvrseeraassbieoodnvebwy4a0s300shnnoggw//mmnLLto(o2if1n22c7r,4)e.-aDseM(i2int1o2Sg7ae)cn.cihcarreocmomvcbeisnacetiroenviisniae& m(le2tg1h/2ka8gl)/,dNmaeyiouthtoeaerftrafioellbncyytsfwioinnrajsem5crtidiecoapenyosgroitv(re9ed9nfe8ien)ed.itirhneegcre(sa3sni8v6ei3n)lt.ertah2pa,el4r-itDteosntaselasiolnidnDijdreocnstoiooptnhiinolacfrme1a2es5leamndogog/mkagisntoearrnt15 2i2ainn.4d4jcme-rhceioDtnaDeuisedsreattsetoiihrnnaetWndrocdachipsc1rstue.aoa2rrcrm5irrteioroofdansirctoese2ma2dwl.5letyoh6aMiwl5bhegieot/hruakhorgrauds3troo5iasofsfenot2f-sreor,r4lei7l-nlot0Dawhttemeih(nd2egsgi1e/rck0cilgnoa6bnst)o(r.tdn1oaI/egpn2ieen0mnrjaieiaantccornotnreditooehfwnfae1elr/cs1ctahr0edeolwlmpLwsaoDiesr(nd3tin,s0)ota0mrt26aesa,)tid4.glieo-nDininWfioacrifatastnt5zasterMrroga/taksngd mim(rn2aece1tstrt0aae8oWbba)rsoohellfiiioenccinuntaanhCccsdetithsiivvtnibeanaoortteinisoiocneenhnc;rmhro(eaa3maanm2rsa3resito5tniewdi)cnr.receosxeaIivnslcsalthesrecayrioonnnfc(gCthceCrrhsHaohrswmOoitnmaa)tesotsoiceodsetoblhhmlesseaxeamrcwplvhsoeeatasrdenbier,tgeisrvebtrrsetueartiaeetniatfooeftnnepdelcsdeytriwsniiwpnaichitnstruehaolrcotgabuuualslrstteelturyrervimwxceeoa,ipdtglhhLleyooinn2ncwo,nyl4yiutat-eshiDwsnm,io1th0afa0na mg/kg.
2,4-D 60-21 weiLfnrxiieantqthmnhuMaecieinsonnueemmcdsictmeaoebsanleelresif(ncno2iera1pveel0ee,t9prnd)iarpuleta.hhprlei(oasn3rourga4agl7fthooi6loruy)numnarsedfipxntoahenafrmoloyc2sisyn,psi4tsiereg-dasDniyni.oitfdnhificgecNa3anf5oltoytelmdfcidoahpirtgfrhehfeoseaomtrcwtreyyointttshehcwoesemoss2oera,k4iflnw-efDaroossbr.irsekewtrseerthrrasowtcsihhooearnrdkobsmelowaraobsetdsriwoderwhboeoaexbsdcwsheo2rarv,n4keg-edDed. coctarohbfemleatorhtmrrMeeoadepturcihowcosintemiaontslhn,mo2elpetn,ahr4crco-eetDiniatcpt.luaaum2llra.N,er4ianol-yplDasrcnoc.ehthpsrtr.Traooermhmaaetotaeisotdaoindum,htheaubxolmucrtahsabnaasenursbggrilgeagosnteo,iisodftwincsatianhsnwatcoteubritlnsehtecuerrorvebecaesodswemeriwvtmihenietdhrpccuhi0inrar.e5oll,my2am,1no4.dps0-oDhwmaoncimetydhtaey1s.2c5onmtaMin scntDcghiuoaeg.enlpgntcasuKidSfetriaiionicevvsnrtaitertdsweneiaroetitdtfnaihcifoennhelnpdeccr5shtrto0isJemaooaasntfalseoasetg1lio/dt0imirnh(n2Leetf1ohsxai0poucis6l7homtf0e)sat2rasonri,nbjg4ce,sgie-hpull/DsyiromrtmovrywLimbtvpee.tuedahhr.tt"eaoiTatndcauyosalrtettsekxaohwuctciihlsgisuatitahghlitncnaupagni1rflre0dileoscy0spaJisnotoanirrtlrgealthnyail2ouitf5i(nemin20cdc1aaornn1wfei0tgaicl)t/syimehnemladlLcl5spsr;0oieh"ntaoeohrsicrteeteyhhpyt6eeioen0rsarsettdctetrhcirodgieerb/laonmaultsmoteLetdwoseotitoihnfnhmet2ee,r460.3.1.3 Teratogenicity, Embryotoxicity and Reproductive Effects odsc5wFntteob0eoeehrnl,sttmaaeeuet7nytrrdsOeo5eovebgdgrelsiroenaidvaanrolt.nereitsacn8hed,sda7iedfet.mtti5feoercdfdlieaeeanmaptcvyiwitrstgoeeetesil/nddrtgkoahwnpgootga/eimsrrdhonrsoianeeitgsufynphipSorctloiseapfdt.npotro2irocaos,gerNg4nesentu-useostDedrote(av-e;rfD>itwfsvithf5aoahaeoow0nlscewfatloaemselofosykvsdsgnusepo/arirlkufcaylf,igipetscabs)rasat6otnte(oifnil2dooifteet0hrnyms2w5r,,27obii4ant1gu)rn-h,eDgydtdshohmtaAtawdeyoi1tnlisaxids5siovipm.tfcnyeoelaa,mmlrNryllveosieebbosiwbdarpsrb.ryiedonsaoicnoulge-eNisstb,ieyeavboc-mneiurwordddetitrasalhiasfs0fnlfitea,ineeeotncorgdob1teuta2tsnoshet.5xicreo,eievcnde2iwetd5wym,a. esar,e ndrhmeaooasywtunselanCtv8feefeDrdertch-,(iIt1rneto.hdm5u7e3g%ibchdygeam1yvtwh2saee1tri1enea.tr6rvn5aeeeaaxrlsgtpatmduogfedseeoeanyrdptth.ccu.obopnyntTwdrguheoacielvgsta)hel.gdittetwebPtryauospsK8irz7vaee.ivd5alwubomciacleksigtdy/skeiitgman/nadildalaa.yrsb(t3ootao3dtfi5yst20thw,i)4ca.ea-tDilgTloyhfhotsentihogtnengreiefcsdaiotcatanamyttnireo3tonnlwtsa;lere 31-5g0e0nNeporpamdtieo2lne,,t4e-6rD-iIoiutintsertehfrfeeepcdrtiosedtou(nc2t1fioe1rn5t)i.lsittuyHdoyorwineavvOeerrs,abgtoehmeleitp-tMeerrecsenindzteelowfreaprtseupfresedpbo0or,mte1d0w0hi,ni5cha00 or
60-22 2,4-D wsuerrveivsehdartpolyweraednuincgeda.nd the weights of weanlings in the 1500 ppm treatment group bweggagthqurdieavoesutvseytueianl2vpTart,asdsei4htoel.tmh-eenhDneeiaeAftntrlfe8iinedrss7decotao.aseit5otsnytsroceeecmgysro2drteen0gyonwao/lfkisrremceegaer0dsavlee,ltmteyfee6ifsarnroet.ol2unelccnna5dadtidros,li-gerete1wodenhq2tsfceehu.ti5elatnefip,hvatoirear22Cofele,5ne4s2D1neao-,o44nDltrrrt-chdadDpe8ptaosu7lyrosuip.soes(5fmo2sp6v,oe0ybmixc5alaatettg3bhnryen/)irkrlle.roiinginteubyagsdPg2.lltiybhr,ec4hcuera-oegd1tDmlani5sona.banwodnutfoatFtoytsmeefhrltaaaeaeaectlsmsltsh2hoieb,rne4exersr-sayceDatmeoeeeliltrsnviopt.ntexerriadrinoeTctapiipmortbtyyermnool.aoetletdanohmnrNunetgceegernilodttyhuceporsl 603.1.4 Other Toxicologic Effects 603.1.4.1 Short-term Toxicity Tdcminaehgcuveo/sekoeAlogorrdcop(auif5,lnt1pdaeL)ate.DitraoottWnixhc,iucvl(liaeat2lytr)uh.lyeaorfAiignn2yu,,ttt4ohhs-ptDeeuspyrloiaoswtfricneihsardani3ernd7axg0ctcsrtoeemumrmsiguazi/te.akidleglsyMb.wyiyhnVoiscltueleoundndttdirheaeiecnmu(dtlsioaeltdnrirfmifclfniaivbeslesprrsLiallsaDiamnntWdisothvnokaefilidusemnxetetuhyrisseecimnl1aej5pi)ut0pire0maysra,e(y3n8t). smos(dytbuymosposeptoerDotrsvon,oemingdcaosos.timndinsCaipecdedleoauncgntdissrdfeeiivdelgodedibevrm)auaeutonllhasfhrc.mousdoualSadesrkrsgisuieevimltnneeoectadoro3aloortrdsmidaeaosmiuynnssomacafftlnoeoio2ndllnc,io4uh,pw-maaDlienrn.tegshgnaeasclorthsgrryayeoml,sfeoapm2rla,rbd4ianla-elDtymdrsaia(stpg2heeo1orf3siitn0eto)hn.steheeaeePhnlirlnoaiivdgdnermrqecuisownsaniiarvsgstteeernrasit,tioanl m(2u1c3o1Ds)a.olgsirrgiitvaetnion1,0m0 otode4r0a0temhge/pkagti2c,4n-eDcroorsaisllyansdufmfeirleddremnyaolttounbiau,lagradstergoeinnteersattinioanl ptRrraeotagstrDmweeseessnriitveeeptinedarterlic.oardp(e2.ea0rsi5Het6oii)nsntedoacellooslygncridciiinbatjelieodecnxteteahddmerwitneoifatxlhteiicxo2ne0rfe0rfseepmcvotegnsa/skloeegdfw22da,,44es-m-DDoybesdoleainrnilviytzehaduetnioontvnielerridvneotauhtthsehe.s6yd-sdAotaerymsa.l pTe2thhf,oih4fneree-dtcDia-toalc.sinumt.itohbonTofrphotsaehfrseadtplheysemepsciuisyncleoaanlmltioenttpdirezoadautchtntbiaodytnAotoohtnnhbeesEtenrhEreeviuGnerrvdeoertlsioeictnvgiugeiltcaaahatlroeel drfessofprtf(ihmen2ec1aatl3stai0pcop,onprr2eodfa1dor3umla1lcon)aewcydaeefbdtboeeyfrbr2ylpea,s4orcpg-eisDoreoennsbswliironbeawgrlleewwtfidsoiatsurvhueeetsh.toe
2,4-D 60-23 idnnearyFvsi/eEswcfcehfoeeenkcrtdsrfuoaocrttsfi3o2(n2,w41v-e1Dee2kl)os.oc.nit2yNn,4oro-reDnmmeaaaolitnfaaentdhddeonrsoaeergnmeoimnafela1rlas0af0ttdienemrgvgteph/lkoeegrp,itephwdhraeessreiaginwlnsjeneeeockrtfvsepedosofilwnytnterrereaueaprtemtorhpieetanonttnh.seytauladlnyide6d crrCepGheexroollaciaanooirxxsrtdaTiraaocgattthtnooiiceooe.ltrdnniaioesdRnfttt(mfiii2acmem1aitcnsoc1eetit1fswiiiov)tsnmr.eiftarsyym2tieTmoi,owu4thinio-snaleDacnsjolreieractfosi.thtgnoeaheddnntedtehnleisrinaentmerthtecrvberooaasvrbpitoadaesefteedreodrimdtvr.fooeanm3drlRee0uameiWnsltslcoouylirielsne4twtsta5waitrthicahmntasrdnai2msnit2ctsuuu1a5tw0sdteecmiasldeesadgaas/ysfk2bstutg,e.ryr4reg-2aEDTia,ct4benh-a-ideleenDlrsydstwihntuedieecicteithsrennhiedaeea2a.rrs,pnv4eroda-oDntineleodanhngbodeyudris sc2ee,4nll-s-DmiTt-iezhpdaertioaieottefnefidenachntcoydopnfwejur2asg,se4an-ctDseoitndiocvilndiutydhe.elyidcpiettrosseppnerscoiitdfiivucictIyegEwanatpsirbsootdududyci-etmidoendiniiantBeAmdLircBaet/hcfoermlloitwcheainn(g21s1e3co).ndTarhye 60.3.1.4.2 Subchronic and Chronic Toxicity wmndfHF1o5oiieiieos0stcictdgetrhodhmoSfepiotsunrg.craibnt/otka3chp1gk4ht3oih4ecrl2eoow,carng4ehan1ii-etcc5adDskn.tasmwago.letxgesTesi/riTrckgheaiighntnetyfieifeto6tirdonhch0efase,ia0gnt2,i1hcmtn,0o4-1cied0n-n5lnDouv,catsdor6neweleg0duadrga,tsorsee1s1uodw50spui0t0neputlwumdlosibeaierngexusrgd/pul1keaem5ogsir0nfsitoieggrhmrfnlenaeucgatipttefh/stakiadmecmbgtaoe/ygknidcncritaytCdoytpwnihgenyesrttercyheonursicunev.hrpeaienctsastTienactashrirahlmida,elno-naag(wots2rlrisnaee1aomlld1ndgay4,ietivdnic)vde.2aohenes,sa4ceeCnkr--1DgeriaD0deaec0nFltsaiieenvotydierttdyh.e o51r02g05a0npHppawpmnmesi2egn2,h4,t4-eD-otDradlhda.eial(miy2ly1ain1tion5lt)ohtghfeoiecudndivediateltufnoeforsors2iing2ynOeyiafesiracbsrao.snmtoere-fMifneecbntedoaengllegrardtosowgftsehdfre0ad,te05,,0s,u120rv,5i,5v0a1,l25r1,a0t60e2,o5ror 6032 Human and Epidemiologic Studies 603.2.1 Short-term Toxicologic Effects cramSpisg,ndsiaarnrdhesay,mapntoormexsiao,f m2,u4s-cDle pwoeisaoknniensgs,inmymoatnoniinaclaundde evxocmesistiinveg, saablidvoamtioinnal(49). moaccoctivuvirAenrgeicndcagosarneefttdaeoirifennaseterpvsweraoersvfeiroWireuipsetiolesyrdtfoheondellaeolbwtLyhiVynMg4mc.eMaxlWepiloliirstnuhubiranbened3dtoShhaoaiusmhrepesy,rleebvssiics(wiu2dai0etlh5c4aouc).nuntiwtaTyainhshihenaegdidn2dchi,ed4acn-erDndetsaaswesdht.ihlee
60-24 2,4-D wvnOtoaeetxxshaiotckedirnttihylesarsytfseirm.eoonpmwEtooex2mefa,k4mstsh-.iDienn.acTltlauihrodignseedcovafeosscetsuheileslasretohyifoerrutnightiahenttieoirtndios,a.ybhseeTalhtadhetaeecrmhfisearh,nsot'pswrhceeoopdtnoodcrpitihletiioadorbnyoiacrfcleauusnsrodhrlvegaennedcndeoermovaefalriorzkctehueddelar foocrcuarSnaaritnedt(hu2es1tr1ei7na)dl sropefrpaotyhritenegdwfoairrmkca.dseaQyouafenhsdteiaoodnnailnycghaeofstfeartnh2de,4ds-uoDbujbuelcseet.vriesvioenaleind athweeseydmspptroamyesrto vTCiusritnpaolchhctiulhleeueewtinrsumnAatfasmgoyeetXliscloareowa-nniorxwgsedsarpehriyonatedbso-sgpiouuffrapfrfrden-auenewpadacsiyonuiartn,rpegyottgedsueio(tldgc2ihmofnn.a0enhopit5fhnaaMhi5acelace)araiir.retltnoydbyiartoiTsafcndhculihoehdeneoasfaeecpnfd.stteidtiha2ntoecAe,dgnn4hiifna-ssnetDtksco,eeeaoirnsenmlmotr-stscmuwfhpcaorseuhuenrceccirdltvsceioreefhaesciactcandoowlcdennacawiddtomdnachmudhneicdclioptenoatiolhnugyaarsegibpnocahorncontfnasoondpyenrtxrfitmajtnrhopuhcogadenotrmluoscitwttuctahriibiirteaevntesoihagsn,th.oohetbarrfhreoSepbemantcmaihieecrtuhaisiivceedmlsfloenrleodbeietdwsnnia.casl,iounndlneouegd.tne.gda wwimAtatribt1nnueoen8uaismoginsrtdttshpuenhigtpasiwethpuToartethadueaabeieerhfordtsrdasuednovfasp.tolorsa.iunrcmmwyrwr(dartMmk~ieAeyeaammantijse3ubtnohrt.odsri0rgorrbtvncoieoshteaelgHwmepymaeigmpssotnaeipptLoxre.ntorfortftni)ceooumefotl3t2Ufdxortsonu9et,eifr4hmt.bs.boi4ir-ehenaanyfaDeledayCAutcuctBleloehoyycpelavdey(sonrexpn1reibampcsedwr0oturieron,o3penrrnisctclneheeuteovacFkvrxeerramoi)aedhtncesm(ratsoopee2aeetlaucsdil1enidmttanlaord2dlaisdoifa2wnlteacnfoci)es2ofenme.yxddtc,mseaeaya4uhdurncmrA-oepseDoesoxcflskiyemaslhntfiaoedaiipaligsnspglpubroeeabellaiemdroseaintduistnebeindeiotrcndvoisroonnoneuenarfinid.silnen.inenoptnmdtgdgapaoochMTiduhenfansatfdvsehiyelotningacnena.noeldalgtlrngsgdeoistavoletAoeewfotir2snornoxcibioi,uolttytn4cirliimolnsngosm-goyerDeuwmunffinsarid.noseeabwcpicserdaprtclslrathT.eiiephmalldhseltlahepea.eoeraanaGerpnawslrdmylrpatBeoveancosydostidouoltxocwsurdrniwttnimatiiiyotctnhmaoacfae,srhcl'tamsticenvlhayagelg.set wpgpsoelrrhauxeosutsvasyaiepmomlvhuiippodcstlokeoyptnimenytbnraseucsaeyeovsnifcswlehpratvoeersepwraliosrnnp.reshtpabeemoTdyrrahitnelieenladensmv2eefau,,ao4trnrle-oaDdp4wctaasipmtceshorodyiudsn.emiotshhncyhsigdn.alrugro.tgAagemedG3ni6eac2-nsmoewe,xroeaaanelllktiodzhsaoecdlfaaeoftsltsieleckorewatlnrae-auddtanpmlscairrsmmeesaivuiotnesinanca.llseeeed,Ldsoanesmorsuasomgifgens 6CL3-2_2 Chronic Toxicologic Effects may Cinhcrluondiecdteorxmicaittyitiosf, w2,e4a-kDnehsass arnadrelmyyboetoenniare(p2o0r5t0ed).. Possible chronic symptoms
2,4-D 60-25 eopdmlbsam1f1yatxs92ehefumirespg1v6xedmnonaoe0enpycoHldnAse'hoisofnerar.xocopds-autooymrdHiinsmnvoweIgtiadhtocenngokheredgticiaonresnbhgnaopbdttkeoe'muushpivtnichnaswangelpdi-eiecdre'Heaedisrtlhinedsreeeoboeeselaetntpiydrarytdarcfhmbhsag,ilotdeoeilekhtrpcohneofiewiahofhnodmnpeowfhex'eu4sapdrmoryie2srotibbrlevdea4mdy1ehieecemu7ofeerpctimtoc0rrdh,afhpotrsbaeinspahtnheois.nhcwncuoeloeaoimrlt1nhdnrat2hgb9-oeoat0yeiH42cisncmo6a,baidso-4nd(ssetfsadp-heuaegeDyawsgansndlasrvkdonyanitaecninesiennsacaca-ruu'duafwoscshsa7llnshiahsar0nelnidorymndi%sgoytlumyeneeiccetntapr-hatih2gmHcsrgehner,e.ldh4oaucoehstm-elacddateFDirhtnaegdtsaeuied)tk.smrrem-K.siith,nineihxAiaancsac'T1esndecan3trshticildl3mahdmayteohsieemonnsfe6ensaorbtsprt0crreftuyif%htemo,hstad-hkoleNtrfeyomeiamrgshCafr1ssfranerimoIu9nogirdeus5euh(soefkx20nrpenofpsw3s'arduso-ao4rHoenrftisma4trhfcndeohne)oaecd.9dadmtria4tgdsnt8aTkeowsnih,nche'eso elayxsmspoopcWshieaodtomiootadnosabpmeehttoewannlego.ex(nfy3a8rihmn4ec8rer)rbesiaa,cslisfdeoodersefcosiatunrnnycadenhryeelrreobivscikaccuitdaepnedadtaripoiaspnkslsipfcoeoacrtfiofd1ric5se,vpyeaehlnoaedrpnsioinnxogdyrinvmhioedonrur-baeHil.csoiddpAegonktceionnu'tslidallnyot be shown. ohienxtehprtbeohriAseceipnddihneiectsnoni.cdorepxTenhyahceseenehdoeoirxnfibycniasrccoceiiiafdddtseeenthdeicsexserrpubiooseikscfuisdwsaroereafsc.st.omrtiEesalsrauiftkoeesdllssooatwnrocinoe2tmg,4aa,e5lsx.-pTw(o2,as0ssu2irlr5vee)epxtroo,erpctdheoidlrootxreiinodnp-iahnaedn6nid-vofioldf,luud2raa,li4snn-c-Dfrreeaaensed ss3hhee4eevpr1reabb2rriiI,accanli3itdde6tteeh8ystp6ehf)oeae.asrnbmedoOofuffvatelenchacatetainisronncncodsesrtrfueasfaeddrxstiodeeopmdisoteissoxrtuhnihprsoaekoewlseouetefodrfpfeeiccdncaotteoonnsmctraopeieomrhfllaeoei(tnnx3giooa5pyxnn9oysst4stsahu,uciradp3iedn8iedb3tsho8eoet,rrwt2e3hbl,e54aeiec5t-rniiD8dnc,egehsa3xe,al3pmoni4onti6sceiwu)na.rac(lse3rs2eptia6mors8eep,psdoeh3ns2erstni6isb7okiln,xeyo3taft0hoc4ei6d, ddphauehyrrebsinniCocagtiadywpspeereiyeeccgkoanannabfsdrnnioscoCtmyrinomtgl6olailoemi2tf,i(o4e22n-s1,Dt41hi-.n6sD)apBrarocenihtopdhrioldr2tpto,ea4wdr-chDeonaontsasccemeapppsiaentaireroot.einfcnitSdpuspaenrhvtteaiealdyldoipnpiprngmergofoeonlcnoractennuasgcrlteyrrddyewdesleaapx7syrpahcoayoosninuundfrrgiseruomnabfueeddasfuao.yar,le6and saia(npmngtordeoinrcssAtvutapilenrtocuwenearcostsaeauelnwn-stwceeoaorolnibeurvtoksercreootarblinsboi;rdeontpurhshticosidat)oweenndfmedrvwoioehomarnul,sosgtb1achi3naoce4nnisddanwtguucoorrcdrmietyceauwedsolnetinfudberrytear2hpliC,seo4kianr-rrDtdwemiunlaaesegsttlxliriompnyno.oaissstnhceudNadirproeMrinibwaaoesgrettseghrwoseaeceniaerfannoet(drpi2oe2o1ns3,r2t41tr1b-e1y)Dde.tcgwioernTnxoeeuptetrlnpoheos.eplushroene
60-26 2,4-D
saennosraeLtxioioann,g-sotoefmrdmnrouolnecknceucnepn,aetasiossnwaanel deetxhtpeaoassvtueinrieenssttohoe2f ,4mth-oDeultreheg,psoin(r2cter1de3al2ys)e.rdeshuelaterdinginsegnassittriivcitcyo, liac,
wmbroaarndkuyefcEraasxcratd(umi2ar1ii,nn3da3gyt)i.sropenveApeopasfpilaer2do9ax2nriadmwpaigodtaresklftyearritt2isig0sue.%ne,goawgfeeatdhkenisnees2sw,,4oh-rDekaedarasmceihnxeepaearnnidednvbceeurdttyiglhoyespitnoetr6en3%siono,f the
ohedfexviesetgertrecenWofmaoenilradtolaloyilnttiwsieimvo-eeeyndutescadcbahrelylea.tsenpp.(rge2aireo1iAinsro3.fad4utb.)leidormTp.eupsliysoEecrxoutwaelfaomdrtrhiknnseeteariurtfifirdognonehelvotsrsegseliuoicvnrapealaealdlclenlhdepfaoranfvuiagnersefcsu(liicilm.iuenp.lb,aasatr.cieoawsnlOtofhrvooekesfferiraftahtsehcexiieanpllen,otgesht)exredutsnhhttkwoaonwoad2ensy,d4dea-aDnrds
6033 Levels of Concern
animIaAlsR. C (13, 57) lists 2,4-D as having inadequate evidence of carcinogenicity in
wAc(6had6itlv6dei)rArsoer(nrme2i,ce9aosa6xmn)io.dmmf u0Fe1m.n.o40drcsmmnoagnog//ntLLlacemav((rel1ioncl niadnognaofetygr1)el0enta0veincredpml rgo)0i/sf.Lk3as0n,fm.do1tr0hg0/e.2Lm0,U74g(-1/SDmL0EghPid/nLaaAsyd(srb(l)i3iefn9aeekn7tnii7dnm)sg0eeh.tw)1aaffsootmerrisrgs.2a/uL,d4eud-(lDltosHn.iengaeTldrtrhhtineerkmWin)gHfOor
The OASCHGAIH(3(533090)5)cuarlrseonhtlayspseertm1i0tsmagt/imm3ea-ws eaigThWtedAafvoerra2g,4e-Dof. 10 mg/m3 for 2,4-D.
603.4 Hazard Assessment
hssputaougspdguyneTlsoaihttntseiaobadncenea.eqrnicuniaacntrdoeeegaqefsonueriadctieetivlynyacloiutdfeaes2ttnie,oc4dne-.DodfOuaenlnydemtoipftesthehoddeseianrsrmgicvoaasmtltluivadnesy,us mb(s2uub1cteh2rL3aoA)sfRctoaChnneid(m1ua6acm0ltse7ind)iencwostiahntlhestisdrteeaasrtnstsd
esters this
wdCefohofmenilcfieAtnlisacivntnwaitnivelgairlvebeortlheenpsaotgoluteretdntdesiosettsieonxixwniicscetumirltretyiuecgnresaeteurwgwddaeiitinretiehvgseadtchlo(os2eno1nce0eonf8ntef,etgsrca2uatt1gsti0ivgo9oeen,fsst(3224ot,14h7f2-a67D1t),.029o,j9n4Bi8g-aD,/bcml3toeLi4osr7dio0aa,rllpy9tgmoe9rst8epet)sanh.totaecrnmydt(ue2sta1a;0gp7e,ons.2i1ti1v0e)
mstugd/kyMg/(di2lad0y5e7om,fb32r3,y54o0--D).adnAudriftnehgtroetgeoexsgitecanittieyornaw.teiorNneonstotuetdreyadtioinngdeirncaiacttseedafnfnedcotmsaidwcveeererexseproeecsfeofedrcdttesodo5inn0-f8ee7irt.th5ileirty
2,4-D 60-27 poroslti-tnteartaslizseurivnivraaltsoffetdhe10p0u-p1s50e0xppopsmed2t,o4-D150in0 tphpemdwieatsdsuhrainrpglygersetdatuicoendb(u2t113). vexatlureeAmicniutitetehs,etoinrxacitcooiesrfdf3ei7nc0atstmioongf/,k2lg,e4t-(hD5a1r)eg.xyp,Dostseuuaprtheorahraaensdcbhmeaerynaoctatoesncririazibe(de2d,bt2yo1s3vu0ed)n.dternTichusletaifrofnrfaeiblssrLilolDaftitohne. Tdrfeaohetssedaigfnneegods-esoutfufpfed6cty0ot ilmn1e2vgr5e/ak0ltgsfp/odiprnamdyloicanoanrgtde-dtdeaorbgdmsoovsfeeeex-drp(e2oul1sap1ut4ert)deo. ia5sAl0tn0enrooaptttphifmoiernrmsiilnnyinvteehslsiettvaiegdbraileitsatohnrfedodnr.koittdewOndoneyneyoep1aae3rtfs-hfwe(oec2leto1skg1y5in)a. t cooaantfhnoterhrreIeenxtsihluahea,lgutnmsmino(ua2cnsgc1csau3l,esp2tp,arwoit2cieiso1aocn3kona3nlil)inec.sgh,sa,awsnmiorthyarero2xetoli,ya4n,-ibDafeaeatrninegdsurueele,tpxsoacreintsseesdvnivo.sematLsiitaooilnnnivggao,-ttfaieobdrnmdruo(nm4o9kci)nce;unaplnchaecsrtrisoaonmnainapcdlst,eohdxxepiiaacorivtsriyunhreeesas, vestfyohpaplroildeiowesewItnmnyoinstifotohgafclanoaetpcgnxregypcosreodsorsotuusuufcprd(tpses2ie.e3estr4xo,i4ppt,2hho,e3sa4re8t-ad4D2l8,t,n4(o-2e2Du1p0r32ho4c5epa,)nua.o2tsx1heIy3syt2hciw)s.aeirntuhbcSnieeccirvlniedescareiornasm,lchehpraoelwvecwetoeeenravktreeehrerc,ipsgoiihvndweeerertmyrhieienhoscelaeoixvdgpaeeyonnbsdcseetedoeuntdohtifoeerssreaephvoearrvtaeeld
60.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS ccdiarnooenunpnarttrltihyanreDesiogsnieelsresntsereactacsrmoa;momtmmpiepvilpxnemeleltaersefcttaiinoeesoclddultnldieecowcdhonstiafitmaomoh2snief,pnt4Gslha-eae3nDoml0dddasnpcds.bdoltaelnoayslrcnsaae.skbhgnsoeot,Irr.nuadaltudtaoSipodroblyndiilecsiataaicnitonnoeandsmls,ytowspaoiilslnae.ttdtaheenreCdsdpsatiwarawkmerieatgdhptieseiltnremersdear7qaetsruqrdaieiuacmryeiecrsspdeolslmoeltsefoca,coystqpalelubmredeaecpvltiiilenstiopnynngetglcaoliaofsfnissesdades vepEBtprtatrooteocorePhiailotfcduttyalAgcahhu,lmseeEuoeesnsdeMiPersatuutmaeilhAdmtreoci,eeestcei-fdhtrash-ehhrmsopsleayfoauytdpoemerlrmdssrtreriirhennoomp)o8sa,vsvgalxt1peneetetif5,edadeodhord0claeirssiaoppfe((pnaairfppMh6ennhdor3yad2daecoedr),nlae,4txaryidahnof-iots8mnDouxoili2syayrydrna.5syletuitie0shqsee5sxf2rleu0iufy(ts,nfr9oo4r6ntebgeatBr3-r1niDpn)ec)deot,lneilhiifdi.oataciaseneesuetnzrshisoTsda,tntemhmnhhcaoi5seaelrecreau0leogtyyadd9ashnascpaecBeoainciirsdmrdcndeiiecicv(noepfst1uafitofelmeo4rrt(endirMa22caztmiet,2iotn4eanxee)ind-nn.ttrgiwDvrhisdaaesotaaPlctahrdstighrtntmeuereieroebn8aipnassmrl1stailql.ene5hmeotuqf0yxovoveiuAp)dtseroarelarddmureoainonndircstsloabmjilytultyeeybszyoiacdasoeosftteamindrrefsxaitooad,sxpthnwnrlro.laedmaoeilctvscnlhmshEceteteeoinaxoe(ndrnnetaccbv.esualgwwiuseucp.sragir,ditdteasheehdesd.
60-28 2,4-D dIcscedhhemrrteeoonicmm-ttvioaaforittlcooaa(ggtMitrrliaaeoeppntohhhsriiogccfdaocn(srGoic8luCus1;nm)5k20ncn,o4oa(l-nwuiDfdmnumn5ss.0aien9mtghBTpy)hrlleeeosetresGsntwheCtroiiotuhcnilsodalttuihbmmmeenenacsadosissnestftppiehrrecmeoctegteirdrddoaemwmnbiteymtithfeeaierdnaran)(tl.Moyesleisesetchpotoarndorana8te2cs5eatc0pho)te.unrde MpcaocrneeetptchoTeanonrhdeater/tseiaotE8thne1Pyd5olA0faentpathdhnreoedrtchse8uaed2nmsu5inr0pdeglese(r6aire3vewx)acttrordiizmasieftcf-dmtea.rcetnSfiodroonelimddshfstoaharkmee2rpa,.l4qe-usDTeaohraueenssaioplnylrivstoiiesacnleltidynueesxrxotetrisrlaacpactrntiedmisdawwrwaialisystthheiendsa,tmheples, GdciOecatmhhxoqeCtealrtpuhuenom/reemrMmIoorminmnvnuaSGeiessatandodmCdehtsgehadarae2emciastnbt,hop4diypaboloh-uclneDdtfyecmehosutnui((nrion33(nnas3-48rdlct8ea0w3thy3chy32teae2eao)o,tn,rnemf3atir3lm2cnt.eyt6hh4hdtp4hr9euor0o)oesso,.mandeevnd3zsaeasTy2tpdlmto9syhoeeeg4seacspir)ssciit.aasfeiricporoiebalhmSvdaiteymeetiedprobetm(anhy3taarsouh6bnatdne4h(otdso3i0evoda8)ceanes2Eo,rsors5naePisr,vyocfAdoaeshl3irtini8dri(gpzt2e-3ahrarpc42naotth)1aiptc.oael6aeeynsn)rdteApfdiumcohhneraraerxeelmnvaisttsedoprhaoahxieondbtcytadoc.ete-vsiepraeoemcenTdnliiadehiqdnulwseusicashlyoiiruettdeihidtsbrbo,ihboeneCtonideoscu1nial8dadrbeesovien. 2ana,qco4hun-iDe-eTaovquyewupsdaeicssoiaanunlmsoa2pts,lg4aeii-mnsvDdepainlncdeadesattnee1(dawclt/yaiisnosgitn/segMswl,fieoimlstrlhoitivonslasdo,rtnyh8eaa2twqtc5u.i0)ctehaoabnuriunesbtsestwsrhauooombumwpltednalneinstbb.eeesdleoTinnwihsni.ettwhivaeAaictsytrtduaeaeanwtlngaededcteteomritofseancta1trn-ilio1ixdmn0eitflfirmefgoc/iLrtts.for
Aqueous Detection Limit 102.0/1u-g0/L.05(Miegt/hLod(M8e1t5h0o)d 509B)
Nonaqueous Detection Limit 0.8 /ig/kg (Method 8150)
60.5 REFERENCES Nthoetye:apTpheearnoinnstehqeuemnatisatelrnbuimblbioegrrsaopfhyt.he references reflect the order of references as
2. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) 1980. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values, 4th ed. Cincinnati, Ohio.
2,4-D 60-29 13. TICnolcax.yictoonlo,gGy,.D3.r;dCrleavy.toend,., FV.Eo.l,. e2dCs,. T1o9x8i2c.oPloagtyty. 'sNIenwduYsotrrika:l HJoyhgnieWneilaenydand Sons, 34. Mackay, D. 1979. Finding fugacity feasible. Environ. Sci. Technol. 13:1218-1223. 35. M15a:1ck0a0y6,-1D01.;4.Patterson, S. 1981. Calculating fugacity; Environ. Sci. Technol. 36. M16a:6ck54aAy,-6D6.;0APatterson, S. 1982. Fugacity revisited. Environ. Sci. Technol. 38. MGOc.aPcc.ukOpi.saotDnio,HnFaH.lWSH.(;eNaSlIttOrhiScGoHfuf),idPReu.lSibn.l;iecsPaatfiorotrnriCdNghoee,.mL8ic1Ja-.1l,2HJ3r.a.z1a9rd81s.. WNIaOshSiHng/tOonS:HUA.S. 49. 2R8etyhnoedld.s,LJo.nEd.Fon.;: PTrhaseadP,haArBm.a,ceedust.ica1l98P2r.esMs.artindale: The Extra Pharmacopeia, 51. VSaaxn, NN.oIs.tr1a9n8d4.RDeainnhgeorldouCsoP.roperties of Industrial Materials, 6th ed. New York: 54. NSiettwig,JeMrs.ey1:98N1o. yHesanPdubboloickatoiofnTs.oxic and Hazardous Chemicals. Park Ridge, 57. TNiemwmYeromrka:nsE,lsJe.v1ie9r5.0. Physico-Chemical Constants of Pure Organic Compounds. 58. TMOeXdiLciEeNn'Es MdaEtaDbLasAe.R1S98sy4s.tAemva, iNlaabtlieontharloLuigbhratrhyeoNf aMtieodniaclinLei.brary of 59. TLPieobexrriacroRyleoovgfiyeMwDeaCdtaoicmiBnmaen'istkteM(eT.EDDBL)ADRaStasbyastseem1,9N84a.tiAonvaalilaLbibleratrhyrooufgMh ethdeiciNnea,tiTonDaBl 63. oWUf.SaSs.oteElidn-vPWirhoaynsstmiec,aelnUtCa.Shl.ePmEroiPctaAelctMionethAogdesn,cSyW1-988426.,T2ensdt Mede.tWhoadsshifnogrtoEnv,aDlu.aCt.i:ngOSffoilcied 282. d7C7ua:em65tp7ob-e6al5l,9p.iDc(a.AMfso.;rcDitpeaadvriadidnsioc1nh2,loaRrnoJdb.Le2n.7z81e)9n.7e0..JT. oOxbicstehta.eGmyonlyetcicol.anBerm. iCaoimnmporneg.nancy 290. Ym19ai8cm2e.abmy[oCdthoer,romHna.i;lc pOtoahxinnictoiin,tygY.a].;ndNNacakararacminIogoragi,keunKi.cZ;itaOysksthueisyta3m3o:fa1,312T,2-.1;,44-I5tmr. iac(iAh, lsSo.r;coitbTeedsnuzibneunr5ea8,o)nY.
60-30 2,4-D 291. Rowe, V.K. 1975. Written communication. (As cited in 282) 295. Underground injection control programs. 40CFR144 296. 4M0aCxFimRu1m41.c1o2n(tca)minant levels for organic chemicals - total trihalomethanes. 309. Constituents prohibited as other than trace contaminants. 40CFR227.6 347. Designation of hazardous substances. 40CFR116 355. Federal Register 1980. Water quality criteria documents; availability. 45:79318. 365. Bottled drinking water standards. 21CFR103.35 507. mMaanteurfiaacltuSraefrest.y Data Sheets and other safety-related data from chemical 511. A0EH7na6mvt,aireyPotaBhnmo8mad0,e-n2fHo2tar.1Kl0d.0R;e5teC.esrehmaerninc,hinJJgL.a;tbhdoeerVacoteomrrayp,,aEtCi.biRnil.ci;tinySntoaeftpihh, aeOnzaHsr,.dRoE.uDsP.;AwSaRstrteeopsm.o,rMtDu6.nL0i.0c,/i2p1-a98l800-. 533. C(7o5u/4n4c0il/EoEfCE-uOrJopLea1n94C, 2o5mmJuulynit1i9e7s5D).irective on Drinking Water. 16 June 1975. 534. DCeocuenmcibl eorf 1E9u7r5op(7e6a/n16C0o/EmEmCu-nOitJieLs 3D1,ir5ecFtievberuoanryBa1t9h7i6n)g. Water Quality. 8 535. SCuobusntcainlcoesf.E4urMoapyea1n97C6o. m(7m6u/4n6i4ti/eEsEDCi-rOecJtiLve12o9n, t1h8eMDaiysch19a7rg6e). of Dangerous 537. SChoeulnlfcisilhoWf Eatuerros.pe3a0nOCcotombmerun1i9t7ie9s. D(i7r9e/c9t2iv3e/EoEnCt-hOeJQLu2a8l1it,y1R0eNquovireemdboefr 1979). 538. C19o7u9n.c(il80o/f68E/EurEoCp-eOanJ CL2o0m,m26unJiatineusaDryire1c9t8i0v)e. on Groundwater. 17 December 540. IC1n9ot8ue0nn)dcie(ladmoffeonErduHerdoupmbeyaann81CC/8oo5nm8s/umEmuEpnCtiti)oi.ens. D19ir8e0c.ti(v8e0/R77e8la/EtinEgC-tOo JthLe2Q29u,a3li0tyAoufgWusatter 541. Council of European Communities Directive on Marketing and Use of Danger
o8au3m/s2en6S4du/ebEdsEtabCnycaDensi.dre2c87t3iJ/v4ue7lsy8/7E199E/67C663.)./(E7E6C/7;698/2E/E80C6-/OEEJ CL;28622,/82278/ESeEpCte;m8b3Zer26149/E76E;Ca;s
2,4-D 60-31 542. C19o7u8n.c2il0oMf Earucrhop1e9a7n8 Communities Directive on Toxic and Dangerous Waste 659. eVusnatcilmuereatsatiiwonn.er(eSeesetiImnatrtoeddubcytioAnr,thVuorl.D1.).LVitatlleu,eIsnoc.f ulessinsgthKanowonaes tahree bvearsyis of 666. WQuoarllidtyH, VeaolltuhmOerg1:anRizeactoimonm(eWndHatOio)ns1.98G4e. nGevuaid:eWlinoersldFoHreaDltrhinkOirngganWizaatteiron. 786. 8LaC4mao/bu2eenn9ldc1lii/enlEdgoEbfoCyfE, 7uP19re8/os8tpA3icep1ia/drnEielEsC.1Co92,8m641m)J5.uuOnneictti1oe9sb7eD8r.ir1(e97c78t9/i6v;3e811o//En1E8C7C/lEa-sEsOiCfiJ,ca2Lti2Ao0np6,r,iPl2a91c9kJ8au1gl;yinag1n9da7n8;d as 787. AM7OLC5auoca/butg4roeun0cblh9csleiti/nlEr1g19Eo917fCo69077fE,;;9uD71,ar41a8so/n31pJag/4ue4me4la6ry/ne7oEn1/uEECd9seC7Eod5SmC,;ub2m,b7y92s6ut9/6nMa99ni0Jta/ciu78ree/l1cssyE/h.EED12E1Ci97r9C8,e73J,c13)ut;.01inv97eeD3Me/1o1c9na4e6r6m7cC/.hEbla(Ee61srCs97i6/f,159i9c24;7a586t7/i;E0Jo/unE71n,98Ce/9P8/a3-E1c19OEk/7EaCJ3gE;,iLCn11g,4961a,5nd16 806. bMS(CiyberHlrairoEcigulMlrsaeLFpaRAhnieTecs,EedaS,aryDtcrahaAbcaTCussAeoerL,ppONroerYGpaat,ir1oBe3nd2I.O1a10Ln.9dO85Gm. )aE.innCvtaoirimnoenpdmutebenyrtizaSelydrFaanctuuemseDerRaitceasaeBnaadrscehs Corp, 808. Jt1ru3ar:cy5e,73Wo-r5g.7Aa9n;.icSspienncseoril,:WH.IF.A; pFpalricmaetrio,nWo.Jf.sc1r9e8e4n.inBgehmavoidoerl.aJs.seEssnmviernotn.mQoudaell. for 846. EGsiGnenaAlesvm.ocirbtiNleordnTeamlnIlt,SdoeRxnPsit.ecBaBdl.ci;m8oP4mTre-oan1pty4toe-l0uocw1trnai6,odt9neBs.r.uAAsnyg;dseetRnercmeycds,od.nEyRt,nreKvopil.rloSeor.d;ntmPrNeaeodtnr.otiaxcElkPp,RAoWet-es6.neJ0at.0ira/Jc3rh-.1,8aL31n-a90db814o8p.r,HaFtUoac.rtSoeyn.,odAfittihoennss, 887. 22,14C-DF.R193.100. Food additives permitted in food for human consumption; 891. 5Fg0ue:di4de0er6lai7nl2eR.s,egpirsetterrea1t9m85en. tPsetsatnicdidaredcs,heamndicanleswcastoeugrocrey peeffrlfuoernmtalnimceitsattaionndsards. 979. 40CFR180.142. 2,4-D; tolerances for residues. 988, 40CFR261.24. Characteristic of EP toxicity.
60-32 2,4-D
989. 40CFR264.96. Concentration limits.
991. c4h0lCorFiRna1t4e1d.1h2y(ad)r(obc)a.rbMoanxsi,mcuhmlorcoopnhteanmoixnyasn. t levels for organic chemicals -
992. oFregdaenriacl cRheegmisitcearls,19in8o5r.gNanaitciocnhaelmpirciamlsaraynddrimnkicinrogowrgaatneirsmresg. u5l0a:t4io6n9s3;6.synthetic
998. cPEhhpeasmrtemiicnaa,cloSml..Su.2;t3aA:g2er8nn8so-3lbd2y,5.Eth.;eAdnodmrienaa,nJt.;leBthasasl, aWss.a;yBiinshtohpe, mYo. u1s9e7.2T. oDxeictoelc.tiAonppol.f
1118. TChome pBernitdisiuhmCr7otph Pedriottioecnt,ioWnoCrtohuinncgi,l C1.9R8.3;. WThalekePre,sSti.cBid.,eedMs,anLuoanl:doAn,WEonrgldland.
1210. eNLnaevswikrooYwnosmrldke,:ntDV. .aCAno.;nNwGoaosytrr,ianRng,d.ACR.,.Aeei.dnI..h;oEMlndcvCiCraool.nl,mPeJn.t;alSwRaisnkn,ARna.Lly.si1s98fo2r. TCehrermesitcrailasl,
1219. Values were estimated by Arthur D. Little, Inc.
1242. MCagaorrnoeciyth,.eAamn.Eidc.a;AlsKssiunetszsh,.uF5m.:W1a5n.5s-11a96n83d5..tThereenndvsirionnammebnitenotf cthonecUenntirtaetdioSntsatoefs. Environ.
1244. 1250.
sMHOIGthenuacloetertemnoctrEortbaneevgnealdarlrst,ali.uoep1MSanlh9euta.s7miJplo8.op;neAnn.-Cgot4Ssertf.heanpauteGchntnyeeeEd,nmovJCeofab.vtCaleRhaur.r:;ecaerits1WPnieo9cooa7onhdgr9reercl.omnedhbfJiic.acHotrahnARealesasciCss,lCiktoanhDcano.r.icOSnfceO.ifrr;nCafgonfGh(a.gItenuAeAmiannzRnniaidccadCteailro.Rl)ss.ntCoio.st1nhdko9,ed8omHEl2ef..u.rLCmW6.t8hoao1:ten8ar9ms4kl8.i2i5dcnI-.ai8gAelP6stRG1esst.Croatoimcuipdpleeoss,n.
1422. AExmaemriicnaantioPnubolficWHaetaerlthanAdssWocaisatteiwonate(Ar P1H6tAh )ed1.98W5.asShtianngdtaornd, DM.etGh:odAsPfHorAt.he
1565. laFidsetjdiunesgrtamolefRnhtesag;zisaptrredoropu1os9se8wd6a.srHtuela;ez.na5ro1dti:of2ui1csa6t4wi8oa.nsteremquainreamgeemntesn;trseypsotermta;bliedeqnutaifnitciatytion and
1607.
MVIthnoeotlen.rEon1gva5rat.aliuopanGhtaseilononAenvgoaetf:hntechWyeEfovCorarlaldurRcaHeitniseooeanaglrteohcnhficOCorRafgirasCcnkianiznooacfgteeiCronnhi(c.IeAmRRiicsCakl)so1tfo9C7M7h.eamWn.iocIarAklsiRntCgo
Group on Humans.
2,4-D 60-33 1650. AJonhnnosu, nRc.e.19In76d.exAi7r6:p1o3l1lu. ti(oAnsacsisteesdsminen8t0o6)f ethylene dibromide. Gov. Rep. 1734. EM"Mnavaricnrhuoan1lm9f8eo4nr.taSlp(CiPllrasototeNfcotHi.oanEzanSr4de0ro-vu3is2ce0M,/1Ea9tn8ev4riiEar,losn,I"mSBTeNnecth0Cn-a6icn6aa2ld-1Sa3,e1rO8v6itct-aeXsw)aB,raOnnctha,rio, 1793. 3P7r3opFoisnaall.fo4r JaulCyo1u9n8c5i.l Directive on the Dumping of Waste at Sea. Com (85) 1850. YOtaosocxscuoicucnopigalao,ttgeAidyo.,nLdae.i;nlovxaCiinrnado.lcnaEmgnRnevnie,iptraJool.nrAtmf.a;NeteTno,th.aaalUnlkdHSeAenhaF,ulmtChDa.EEnL.;HarbTiLsork-re7amo8tof-b9rlHy2a,,ye,rBUbJr.iS.ocW.oidk.Aes1irOA97rFF8aoB.nr,TgceeTheXan. d its 1851. YACoruordksub:sy,,ALDcJ.aG.,d.eemd1.9ic7H6Pe.rrNebsioscn.idbeios-lPoghiycsailoldoeggyr,aBdaiotciohnemoifsthreyrbanicdidEescoinlogtyh,e Vsooiil.. 2. New 1852. EGnuvmirmoner.,SWci..DR.es1.98106.:3P4e5s-t3i7ci2d.e monitoring in the prairies of western Canada. 1854. EMnovrieraonle., QAu;aVl.a9n:6B2l7a-d6e3l3,.R. 1980. Behavior of 2,4*D in Belgian soils. J. 1855. Aphlteonmox,yJ.hDe.r;bSictriditezskein, Js.oFi.ls.197W3.eeDdegSrcai.da2t1i:o5n56o-f56d0ic.am(Aba,s pciictelodrainm,18a6n4d) four 1856. mSanmidxittuhcor,emAs,b.ian1ne9dd7.9f.ieSldWoilpeeepdresriRsstieesstn.ecne1c9es:t1eu6xd5pi-ee1sr7i0wm.iethntstrwi-aitlhlat[e14aCn]d2t,r4if-lDurainlinhebrobtihcidsianlgly 1857. Satedwykaerlta,nDd.Kso.Ril..; GBuualil,. SE.nOv,. 1C9o7n7t.aPme.rTsiostxeinc.ce18o:f2120,4--2D1,8.2,4,5-T, and dicamba in 1858. EWnivlsioronn, .RQ.Gu.a,l.Jr7.:;2C81h-e2n8g6,. H.H. 1978. Fate of 2,4-D in a Naff silt loam soil. J. 1859. ATHCPehacerntro.sb.miPiscptlieasdnonecntses;, SoDPof..Gil2Cs.,,;h4o-PSDwrtoeacpa.nnhdde1n12Cts,ho.4n-GWD, rPGoarn.kRitns,.h;efoodSprsoe.lsootnmrByroCaanhnn,eddmKonai.Rsg,tr.rM;iycSuaaklnnteiudtproaabBslatio:ss,cRohAieel.smsK..i.sSt1tHrn9y.e8r4oAb.fgier.ic. 1860. ANCihora. nFEnoSerLlc!e,-TRER.nE-8g.;3in-S5ete6or.dindgarat,ndT.SLe.rv1i9c8e4s. LHaebrobriactiodrey,orTaynngdealml oAniFtoBr,inFgLp. roRgreapmor.t
60-34 2,4-D
1861. dDHILeaag,vzrMiaadrdsadoarontcuih,osnJ1W.M7o-af2.;t0lea,Rrr,1agP9oe8,rc0oPo.cn.eSceP.edCBni.n;t8rg0Oas-t1uio7o,f5nT0s68.tToh6.f. A1se9nl8ne0uc.taeMldRopveesesemtaiercncidhtesaSnyidnmbpsoiooisllisou.gmic,aDClishpicoasgaol ,of 1862. sFthorueaitnrhkeu,rsRne.;OinSnietraloernviose,,nGCaaJgn.raic1du9al8t0u1.r9a7Cl5hw-1loa9rt7eo7rp.hsheneSodcxis.yaTnaondtdatlhceEhilnrovrlioorsobsne.ntoz1o5si:tc1re4aa9cm-i1d6w7h.aertebricsidines; 1863. dMFerocanonniktt,oarRmin.;ignSaJitroioounnrsn,oaflGw.1J3e.;:l1lR2w0ipa-1ltee2yr7,s. Bin.DO.n1t9a7ri9o.,HCearnbaidciade19c6o9n-t7a8m. inaPteiostnicaidneds 1864. IhWReraBbshicAiindsgsetosocnaia,ntdDesCas1.s9o8Pc1iB.atRe8d2e-v1die4iow7x4i1on4fs..litePrraetupraereodnfohrerVbiectiedreasn, sinAcdlumdiinngistprahteinoonx, y 1865. 2aWg.4rh-iictueDl,tuAirn.aWlru.w,naJotrfe.f;rsfAhroesmmd.upslsoJe.tnsE, rnLev.cEier.io;vniHn. gaQususimaerl.u, l5Ea:t.4We8d7.;-r4aT9inu0f.ranlbl ulal,ndJ.Wfro. m19a76s.mLaollss of 1866. ELocoktkoex,icHo.l. 1E9n8v4.irSonor. pStaiof.n8o:3f9s5e-l4e0c9te.d organic pollutants in Danish soils. 1867. cMHDAoimaceszChfeafbrairciuldclir,eagAnnPets.rsJSs,..eo;sHcsSimJBewt.reayann1ntf9n:os8,or1FnR.To,.uPLeDrsr.t;t.eRhidnL.ig;CcatsoDaikonnioncdfwekorsMsekfonianc,ct,heeDerK,m.iAa.Ali.LscS;.aT.,VlMermdoosnS.baTi,lPAitSyq.7Au3in.a7;t.isUcoPniTlhgofeilrxraoi,dcmoeSll.poMsgoh.yri;ap,atinPodnA: 1868. EnM-nbavjuiktrayo,lnJe..sTQte.;urasCl.ihne1n1sgo:6,il5sH0-f.6oH5l.l5;o.wMincgNemaal,ssBiv.Le.a1p9p8li2c.atMioonbitloityfioelfd2m,4i-nDi-laynsidm2et,4er,5s-.T J. 1869. bERenihpvapirveoinon,r. GSo.af;fn.Ue6gw:e2n3cs6ht-ee2imn45i,c.aMls.;: KnloaptufFraelr,soWil.s 1a9n8d2.mSocdreelenaidnsgorobfenthtse. adEsocroptotixoincol. 1870. o2W.f4h-SeoeDillerai,nndWdrC.Bari.no;paMgSeacnwiesaentlcel,ersRSf.oSrco.;imeCtyaalovcfeitrrFtu,losDrgi.drVoa.v;3eS7i:tn1ew8a0a-rF1t8,lo3Er.i.Hda. 1f9la7t8w.oModovseomil.entPorofc. 1871. hCearsboinc,idRes.;. RePerdo,c.LO.Wkl.a.19A7c7a.dC. hSecmi. is5t7r:y11o6f-1t1w8o. clay systems and three phenoxy
2,4-D 60-35 1872. cRhaadpoasrervailchv,egSe.tRa.t;ioWn ianntedrlsino,il.W.LW. e1e9d77S.cPi.e2r5si:s4t2e3n-c4e25o.f 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T in 1873. TmhMWeroaraenbnmsitiatebcogildreaDimeyni,sgeopJnrof.taWosnarP.gl;r,2ea,BV4cdrt-oiioDsclwp.e,son3.2s,,a,4Dl,IA5o.mP-npT.pen,,arTcaaAtnthridooobmnfodsraLi.,ose,xMgiTinPIs:Jolaij.nAtais1nose9unnk8p,0aAp.RnordLrb.BtaoI.nrom,dfeSp-dbtclhe.ia,emesnTeeUcdonex.tSeiaPcn.tuviAoabirnnilroidsnohFmHneoraerDsznc,aietsIarpndloco.suasl 1874. oG14fr:o22v,04e3-r-D,21R0is..;o-Sohcetywlcehsutker, Sa.fRte.r; Capepsslnicaa,tiAonJ.;toSamiwthh,eaAt.Ef.;ielHdu. nteJr.,EJn.Hvi.ro1n9.85Q.uFaal.te 1875. aGisliem, uJl.aDt.ed19w8h3.eaRtefliaetlidv.e aAirrbcohr.nEe nlovsirsoens.oCf ocnotmamm.erTcoiaxlic2o,l4.-D12:f4o6r5m-4u6la9t.ions from 1876. hBearubri,ciJd.Res..; BAovrecyh,. RE.nWvi.r;oMn.cCCaolnl,taHm..GT. o1x9i7c3o.l.T1h:e2r8m9-a3l02a.nd (uAltsracvitioeldetinlo1ss86o4f) 1877. TsSomoixlitidchoe,gl.Ara3.Ed4a:.1t15io90n8-15p5. 7rIo.ddeuncttisficoaftiroinngo-lfab2,e4ll-eddich[1lo4rCo]an2,i4so-Dle. anBdu2ll,.4-Ednicvhirloorno.pChoenntoalma.s 1878. IOHnWoteurRsitoTorn-,A,O-C0f.f5Wi0c-e.R1oI9,f7WN5.TaBItSeiordNReoge.rsaePadBract2iho4n6ano2d7f3Ta.qecuhantioclopgoyll,uRtaenptso.rtRNepoo.rt to Dept, of 1879. mABugarmlaotsch,hieRomn.Gicf.ra;olmsGiibnsosoSilno,ialnsW,d.PsOo.xil1fo9cr8od0m:. pTPohneeregndatimss.aopnpBePaarnreaisnns.cAe.;ofK2a,f4k-aDfi,, dUia.,lleadtes. and 1880. scSthtaolbottirl,oizcDaat.tEieo.cn;hMoinlachratuirnmb,ouJns.,sP.a.;ndFSooicnilhctoS,rcDpi.o.DSrao.;tci.oHnAamrind.teoJr.,s4Ko7i.l:61b69i-o87m30..aBssioodfeg2r,4a-dDatiaonnd, 1881. 2P,a4r-kDeri,nLsWoil.;efDfeocxttsadoefr,heKr.bGic.id1e98c2o.nKceinntertaictsioonf. mJic.rEobnivailrodne.coQmupaol.si1ti1o:n67o9-f684. 1882. SOoui,l SLc.Tie.n1c9e841.372:,140-0D-1d0e7g.radation and 2,4-D degrading microorganisms in soils. 1883. Vheetnetruoltlroo,pRh.iMc b.;acLtaerrsiaoni,nRg.rJo.u1n9d8w5.atMere.tabEonlivcirdoinv.erTsoitxyicaonl.dCahcteimvit.y4o:7f59-771. 1884. SCahtteamr,osMph.Ae.r;eP9a:a7s4i5v-ir7t5a2,.J. 1980. Fate of chlorophenoxyacetic acids in acid soil.
60-36 2,4-D 1885. JlMa.bcAeCgllarelidlc,.2PF,J4o.,:o5d-VtrrCicohhnelaom,r.oSp2.Ah9:e;1n0Ko0xe-yl1la0ec7ye.,tiSc.Sa.ci1d98a1n.dF2a,t4e-doifchulnoirfooprmhelnyocxayrabcoenti-c14acridin.g 1886. ItROrnaenvcpaeeols,rtritGgteaN.cthio1on.9ni8Iq2Aou.fEeFstA.ah-teReFb-io2nef1ah5l2a4,vr4-ie-FopDr.orohtfetrpobeisIctniidcteeidrneinsatsiinooinls-aoplillaAnetntovmeicrioocsnyEmsnteeenmrtgsyb. yAugInsein:ncgy.isotope 1887. Shmeribthic,idAe.sEi.n1S97a8sk. aRtcehlaetwivaen psoerilssi.stWeneceedoRf edsi.- 1a8n:d27t5r-i-2c7h9l.orophenoxyalkanoic acid 1888. eDnevLiraounnme,enRt..D.;BSualll.inEans,viLro.Mn.. C1o9n85ta.inF.atTeooxifco2l,.4-3D5:5e6n4ter-5in6g8.a freshwater aquatic 1889. YhSSyeeoirmubbnepircgo,is,diJeuA.smWLi.n,See1tred9iss8et.4s,.gT2rL5irdo9esn.a,gtfm-Witeeelanrdsmthpialndongetdgsto,rDnaaid,nsapdDtoiChosa:nelrbsAotiufcmiddPeieeersiscsttai-conimrdaCeagshesWesmqaiutsiectasean.slt.iStiKoeAcsrCiueoStefyg.eprh,eRno.Fx.y; 1890. bEOinrogvloriragomicna,.lAMd.Veicg.r;roaJbdeiaostsl.iuop4n,9:rR5a8.tE2es-.;5o8Of7u.(,2,L4-.Td.i;chRloarso, pPh.Sen.Co.xy1)98a5c.etEicffaeccitds oinf ssooirlps.tionAponpl. 1891. uBAsuregffoainnlognnteog,nI,tNrJa:.nDsA.mr1isg9so7ion4n.neAlisnNseaestrisoimgnheatnlst-Loofa-fbwotarhyaetaoenrcydo;lroAegcNiocLaml/EmcSoe-nn3ds4ea.qtiuoennscfeosrosfuchherbusicei.de 1892. hOiugh, L2.,T4.-;DDaapvpidliscoanti,oJn.sM. .; SRooitlhBwieolll., BDi.oFc.he1m97.81. 0R:4e4s3p-on44se5.of soil microflora to 1893. JDAcuominnspkteror,oiscGlalael.ndAoCf;whPaReteiemcsrthi-iaccsaoriddlile,SsJoWyJcsi.tae;estmtyDe.ssa.,hAmKC, rSPu.eSAgyemr1,p9o8Rs4.i.Fu.mD; eSgSereiabrdieeras,ti2Jo5.nN9..o,feWdpsea.s,sthiTcinirdgeeatsotmnin,eDntCa;nd 1894. dFtheoegurrdanedigearrta,iodJni.nCig.n;mrCeioclardotaifoclocniroatno.i,CthPhe.e;maSpoopsuplliahcsae,rtieGon.101r:a99t87e17s.-9aS8no4di.l tahdeapmtaettaiobnoltico b2e,4h-aDvior of 1916. oHGfreoa2vl,t4eh-rD,BR1in.;1:aK3i3re1rs-r3a,4mL7p.Ales;(AfWsroacmiltlaeSdcae,siknKa2.t;c0hY5e0ow)s.ahnid:a1,916C6;-1M97a5y.bankJ,. JE.n1v9ir7o6n. .RSecsii.dues 1917. F1199ra88n11.k-1,9SR8u2.r;,veR1y9ip8ol4efyfA,arrBcm.hD.w.;EenlBlvsriarfuoonnr,.pHCes.oEtni.ct;aidiCnel.ergTegso,ixdSiuc.;oeslJ.,os1ho6nu:1stt-ho8en.r,nRO.;nOta'rNioe,illC,aTn.aJd. a
2,4-D 60-37
1987. hFyeddreorcaalrRboengisfrtearcti1o9n8;7.finEatlhyteltsotlusteannedsa,rtdrsimaentdhyrlebpeonrzteinngesreaqnudirtebme eCn9ts.aro5m2a:2ti5c22. 2025. sIEnarrdick.osMmsoaends,.aM3n8.d;:2eH7xa-p3ro3ds.eullr,eLt.o; Bcheregm,icNa.lOs.u;bMstoalnlecres,:T.;a Acaxseels-roenf,erOe.nt19st8u1d.yS. oftB-tri.ssJu.e 2050. dEOUoC.HScAu.. mOEPen-BCnvtiIr8Nof6o-n-4r1m1128e7,n.48t-8adE4li.cnPhvrlioroortoencpmthieoennntoaAxlygCaecrneictteyirci(aaUcaSindEdP(2AA,4s)s-De1s9)s.8m5e.nFDtinrOianlfkfDiicnrega,fwtCaintecrincnraittei,ria 2051. 2W.4o-rlddicHheloarltohphOerngoaxnyiazcaetitoicn a(cWidH(O2,)4-1D9)8.4. EGnevniervoan:mWenotralldHHeeaaltlthhCOrirtgearinaiz2a9ti.on. 2053. TRopUofre.Ssis2at.e,nn4aEag-rtdlnceaihvlciPhrsLaltoouranrkbdmo,oipereNshanCtetioann:rloyrxP.Uayrt.asoSPct.oBeetfcEit8cnti1hova-nei1cr9iopAd1nr.g1moeE4pne0Pync.lAyteanl(ReUPegSrplEoyotcrPeotcAltNi)booun1.t9yA68l01ge0.et/hnT1ec-e8yrr1,aa-tH0no3dleo5ag.ilstyohRoacEnetsdyfefleacretcssthers 2054. MOpchMthilaliln.,9R9:.7B2.;6-S7a2m7.ples, J.R. 1985. Iritis after herbicide exposure. Am. J. 2055. TMoerdr.in2g5t:o3n5,4K-3.5G5.. 1983. Herbicide exposure and pulmonary disease. J. Occup. 2056. Da ecshie,mLi;caSlosh,eJr.b;icOidlaes.z, JA.;rcShu.leE,nFv.i;roMn.arHkueas,ltVh.4:199652-.10N2e.rv(oAuss csyitsetdemine2ff0e5c0ts) of 2057. 2Sfe.c4tha-wl edatnizcd,hlBno.reAoo.pn;haSteapnlaorgxsrycoahwcuet,thiGca.Lancd.;iddGe(ev2he,4rlo-inDpgm), eaPnnJtd.. e1s9Ft7edr1.s. CToofhse2m,e4ef-tfD.eTcotonxoifcraotl.e9m:8b0r1y-o8n1a7l., 2104. Reuber, M.D. 1983. Carcinogenicity and toxicity of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid. Sci. Total Environ. 31:203-218. 2105. Anontoen. ymPoeusstic1i9d8e6.an2d,4-TDoxpicroCdhuecmesicraalreNbewrasi.n tJuumneor25in, m19a8le6.ratps., 2E4P. A officials 2106. aPGnaedroarizgniitaovnli.t,,roEL.p;biydTeaammpiaoevls.st,-cchPoinn,etRurom. l1oa9fgf8te3inz.ito[Ch(2lhg,r4ioe-Dnma)o.]s3o2Rm:2eav6l.5M:I2g6o.9,d.iBfiaccatteiornids.,inVdiurucesdol.i,n vivo
60-38 2,4-D 2107. s7Ki3so:tr2et2re4,c-h2Cr2.o;6m.Jaaltaidl, eSx.Mch.an19g8e2s.in2,4c-uDltuirnedducheudmcalnastlyomgepnhicoictyyteasn.d eJl.evHaetreeddirtaytes of 2108. pCLeianrroncxainiisnoomgmeaneae,psKirso.l5i1f:e79r08a34t.-o7Ir0ns7d.2u,4ct-iDon, MofCsPisAte,racnhdrocmloBatbidraetexcihnavnigveos abnydthine vitro. 2109. eLCxianprnocasineindomgteaonae,pshiKse,.na1on9xd8y3M.acSuiditsathegreerncbehiscriiosdme3sa:2t2i6d,94--e2Dx7c9ha.anndgMesCaPmAo.ng Tweorrakteorgsenocecsuisp, ationally 2110. iTnudrukcuelda,bTy.Kth;eJhalearlb, icSi.dMe. 21,498-D5.. InJc.reHaseerdedritayte7s6o:2f1s3is-2te1r4.chromatid exchanges 2111. Embuesrcsletesinb,yA2.,;4-GDo.odgMoluds,clJe. a1n9d79N. eErxvpeer2i:m36e4n-t3a6l8m. yotonia induced in denervated 2112. Tacoidyo(s2h,i4m-Da,)Kc;auMseaypeorl,ynRe.uFr.;opMatahxy,?S.NRe.u1r9o8lo4g. yD3o4e:s1425,4, -pdpic.hl8o4r.ophenoxyacetic 2113. 2C.u4s-hmDanin, JB.RA.L; BS/tcremeti,ceJ..C J1.9T82o.xiAcollle.rEgincvihryopne.rHseenaslitthivi1ty0:to72t9h-7e4h1e.rbicide 2114. D2Ca4h.:1Ge23n.3-;3,wSWe(ceAhk.L5w.3f;ee1teGz)d.,oiBnrzg.Ains.stku1id9,y8S1iJ.n.2,C,4KD-oDFcib(F(ai2,s,c4Rh-edJr.i;c3hW4lo4arodrpaet,hse.Cn.oExC.;ya)Mna.coeFrtedicde.na,BciDido).l:Cog.;.RKeSsoeuycl.etss, of 2115. tPHohaxaincrsimetyna,cooWfl.2.H2,40.-;:d1iQ2c2hu-la1oi2rf9oe.,phMe.nLo.;xyHacaebteircmaacnidn,inR.rTa.t;s Fanitdzhduoggh,s.O.GT.ox1i9c7o1l.. ACphprol.nic 2116. c2Co.a4ns-geyeDn, i.Pta.HlJ.a;.nPCoemodlialaileti,ersiWcso.fR10u.4n1:c39e18r34ta-.3iSn1e5cv.aeuresemaefntetralexretrtaermdeatipoanreanntadl mexupltoispulere to 2117. SNa.reZ, eWal.aMnd. 1M97e2d.. TJ.he75w:1e7e3d-i1c7id4.e 2,4-D as a cause of headaches and diplopia. 2118. sAtundoynyomfofuasrm1e9r86e.xpEoPsAures.pecCiahl ermev.ieRwege.xRpeecpt.e,dSeopnt.2,149-,D19b8a6s,edp.o7n64K. ansas 2119. eApniodnemymiooluogsy19st8u6d.y2.,4-TDoxpircioMritaytecraianldsidNaetwe sf.o,rSseppet.ci3a,l 1r9ev8i6e.wpf.ol2lo7w5.ing Kansas
2,4-D 60-39 2121. PrCeaalparemtiroesnllAsi,hmiDp..;bCeMhtewomreg.eanSno,tchR.e.1Wh8e2.r:bC19iHc8i1Ad.eSA328,4.c-aDse/acnodntsrpool netpaindeeomuisolaobgoicrtsiotund.y oAnbstthre. 2122. iBnetrewreisctki,ngP.cl1in97ic0a.l2a,n4d-Dliacbholorraotoprhyenfionxdyinagcse.tic JaAciMd pAoi2s1o4n:i1n1g14in-11m1a7n.: Some 2123. 2Hfe1ad0b42e)r,4m-Dan,foTr. t1w9o64y.eaFrDs.A mAeJm. oLreahnmduamn deantteidtleMd:arcPhat2h0o,lo1g9ic6a4l. ch(Aansgceisteidn irnats 2125. 2Ath1re0c4hh)ieprobri,c.iGd.eNa.;mKinoezlsoavlat,oIf.N2.,41-D97.]4. [SVtoupdryosoyf Pthiteamcayraci5n:o8g3e-n84ic.ity(Apsrocpiteerdtieisn of 2126. cENistaecgdhye,irnZic.h;1i6aM07ci)loelsi, WI.;PAZnttroyn.i, FA.c1ta97M5.icTrhobeioml.uAtacgaedn.icSceif.feHctunogf. p2e2s:t3ic0i9d-e3s14o.n (As 2127. aMZ1c9eiu7tdtt7,ae.rtN.TbaeRhresegas,il.ntG)4fl2.ou;:ne3Bn-1uSc8saek.c,ochf(LAa.p;rsHoEmcliootynevcdestoshinnce,e1reRe6f.fv0;ei7csS)ittasaeroeafcn-2dN,4oS-rDadlem(n2oh,na4e-mldlmaichetrylo,prhIo.i;pmhRueyrnitutommxya.anc,eHtic. 2128. pV16eos0gt7ie)cli,dEes.;inChDarnodsloerp,hJil.aL.mRe. la1n97o4g.asMteur.taEgexnpiecriiteynttieas.tin30g:6o2f1c-6y2cl3a.ma(Atesacnidtedsoimne 2130. eHxiplle,rEim.Ve.n;taClaarnliismlea, lHs.. 1J9.4I7n.dT.oHxiycgit.yToofxi2c,o4l-.d2ic9h:8lo5r-o9p5.hen(Aoxsycaicteetdicinac2id05f0o)r 2131. 27D,:4r6i,1l5l-,-6tVr7i..c;h(HlAoirsroapctzihtkeeadn,oiTxny.a21c09e55t0i3c)..aTcoidxicinitydoogfs2. ,A4-MdicAhlAorrochp.heInnodx. yHaycegt.icOaccciudp.anMded. 2132. eA1f2sf:se2oc6ut-sl3y0o,.nM(m.Aa1sn95cdi1tu.erdSineiglnecm1ti2av5ne0u)hfaecrtbuirceidoesf tahned egsrtoewr t2h,4s-uDb.stAarncche.s.MPaia.thPorgofe.nic 2133. hB1e0ar:s9bh2iicr-9iod5re.,s,A(tA.hAse ca1im9te6id9n.ein[sTa2hl0te5a0snt)adtethoef bhuetayllthesitnerwoofrk2e,4rs-Dmaacniudf.a]ctuVrirnagcht.heDelo. 2134. 2fWa2sa:c4lil3cis0u,-l4aW3ti9.o;.nV(aaAnndsPocmiztyneoadkkyi,nmAi2a,05oP0fl)upmer,iFph. e1r9a7l0n. eGrveeneorraigliizne.d mAurscchu.laNresutrifofln.ess,
60-40 2,4-D 2135. aWU(a2cn.,iaSd3ds.,,5hEE2-innt,nr3vgvi,itc7irohr,on8olno-,ntmrmeDotep.renCanht.ctae:ahnllUlooAPx.rSsyors.)odeatEiscebsnecemttvniiicoezrnnooa-tncpAmi-PdgdeBein(on82txc1,a3iy-ln,25P3(-(U4rTT8oS)C2t,Ee5D(cP.2tDAi,4o)),n.5. -EAt1rP9gi8Ace1hn-.l6coy0Rr.0oi/sOp6kh-f8efa1insc-soe0ex0soy3s)fm.pHreoneptailoothnnic 2136. PtEI(uAne.mRntsee.or;scrs,ii,PtgeJaJed.Rl.nloi.i1cMnt9iat6.,2y;91A.iU0nJB4ll.im;aoananiBcdsdeas,:at2Bey1s.aM,3o5Rpf.);r.pReVel.is;amtliFeicnriadailokre,ys, MHnano..LGdte..;.;inGPdeauJtr.srttN,roicJaaeJltl.lc;iC,hKeaLmnl.e;ciicenFar,ilssIMhnbf.so;etriMn4,2itL:c1h;1e0Hl1l,a-1rIt1.;,14. 2150. cCNhheeeemlmyi,cicaWallss..,B.V;NoBle.leal1uy.,, BGWo.cE.Ba..;R1B9a8lta5ou.n,,InGFtl.roEor.di,dueacd:tisoC.nREtConvPeinrreovsnisrm.onenmteanl taEl xepxopsousruerefrformom 2344. sHFprofaatu-rtm,iseSsun.Kie,.;sJa.BFrlc.aoi1mr9,a8A.6..;AJHgAorMilcmuAeltsu2,r5Fa6.lF:1h.;1e4rB1bo-i1cy1isde4en7,.uCse.Da.n;dRroibskel,ofRl.yJm.; pHhooomvaera,nRd.; 3005. EGGAxCoopvvGoeesrrIunHnrmmeReeInnentctadaollimcIIemnnsddefuunossrdttrra1iitaa9illo8nH8sH-y1yfg9ogi8eri9en.n1isi9tsC8st.s8i,n-1cT19i9hn88nr98ea..stAhi,omOldehrLiiocia:mnAitmCVoearnlifuceaernsenaCcneodnofBfeiroelnogceicaolf 3006. AMInduhvtiiakvgaoernic,.hrN1o2.;m:2Go3s5roo-m2v4ea2rl., aIb.Se.rr1a9t8io8n. sGiennbootonxeicmeafrfreocwts coefllssoimnerastyss.teEmnivcirpoens.tiMcidoel.s: 3046. 6Ai1n:9x7v8e3e0ls-.s7toi9Hgn.a,etriObon.i;cioSdfuenSedwxepelldo,sisuLhr.;erAaainnlrddoeartdusomwnoo,rrKkm.e;rosEr.tdaSlliicntaygn.,dAC. n.J;.uHWpodogarstkteeddEtne,pvCiird.o;enmK. ilHionlegoa,gliHtch. 3090. cMBhuelroecrthiinnfigee,ldcCo,nhHtiac.Paing.;ion,SgtIoLhr,errspb,.iEc1i.d9EAe.s.1i9n61m.ilRk.esAidbusteraacntas,lyAsims eorfic2a,4n-DChaenmdicoatlheSrociety 3180. o5D1fe:pH4a2ar1zt7am7r,ednoatunsdofS1uT9b8r7sat,nas5np2co:e4rs8taa2tn5io.dn4R91e9Cp8oF6r.RtaH1b7al2ze.a1Qr0d1uoauAnsptiMptieeanst.deriFxieadlAs..TRreagnissLpor1t9a8t6io,n, List 3211. Fa(2ce)idd:1o0rino5tv-o1a0,t7hL.e.Mor.;gaBnesloovfa,anRim.Sa.ls1;97p4a.thIsncaonrdpodryantiaomnicosfo2f,4i-tdsiecxhclorreotipohne.nGoxigy.aSceatnicit.
2,4-D 60-41 3216. 27F0,l4e:-8cdk7i4ecr-h8,I7oJ8r..o1p9h8e7n.oTxywaoceetniczyamcied i(m2,m4-uDn)oaisnsawyastetor. sJc.reAesnsofco.rOff. Anal. Chem. 3235. BaGC1n0..aH;d8llB.o;cswlihosRetaoemeymrs,inc,cSiahcA.lMkrs.o.,D.m;EM.;aAn.tNvAridima.r;koseanAtxrm.cnohMundargenoar,l,gs.MoeFnMsJ.;,.iu;nBAta.RhC;gmeheZunieenb.dieeg,1sne0eMr,,(hG.;SEa;umD.pGus1ptk9ilel.8,rm7S1.oa0.;vnC)a:,Rh1rSy7irm.5o;cmpepBlooplr,ss.o:oJwm.E;nve,MaBalaub.r;aegtrCoirolaainnntsi,nooonnfs, 3249. ECGfRrfaeCncdtPsjeroaefnss,O:BPro.gca1an9o8Rl4ea.atOdonrC,goaFmnLop.loepaupdn.de2sx2,p7Po-2.s4uG1r.reasnadnjdeanintaonxdicaEtiCon. sG. rInan: dBjeioalno,giecdasl. 3267. paHnhaderndeoexxlply,oLsauc.;irdeEs:rtioaksccshaoesnme,-icMcoan.;lst,rLoeelsnpsnteuecrdi,ayl.Ply.B;roL.rugJan. ndCigcarnescnoe,lvrEe4n.3t1:s1,968c91h-.l1oM7r6oa.plihgennaonlts laynmdphoma 3268. eHxaprodseullr,eLt.o; Spahnednsotxryomac,etAic. a1c9i7d9s. oCracshe-locoronptrhoelnsotlusd. yB:rs.oJf.t-Ctisasnuceersa3r9c:o7m11a-s71a7n.d 3294. olHiqfoupkihde,ecnSho.rHxoy.m-;aaBctirodugerhgaegprehbmyic.aidJne.ns,CuEhsr.ioEnmg; asBtooalgixdrt.epr3,h5La7s:Je4,2;e9xT-t4rr3ya2bc.utiso,nTa. n1d98h6i.ghD-epteerrfmorimnaatniocne 3322. PBIlrolioantroedics,tiP1o2on/l,1lu/S8tu2io.bntitCleonF:trPolubBloicarWd a1t9e8r2S. uIpllpinlioeiss CTihtalept3e5r: 1EPnvoilrluotnimonenCtaolntrol 3346. taKinsasanulyges,issHaor.Kcfo.;hmoWasspeiaatanthldeprmabtieilieetn,atrLsy..;sJeB.rrOveicsccleiunip,n.PVM.Piee.;tdn.La2eme8,;:1Ya21.;c5a-Ss1he2e1p8ca.ormd,paBr.iMso.n1g9r8o6u. pSoft 3350. vKivaovlotcekra, tRol.oJg.;ySshcorrete,nR. T.DeJrra.t;ogC. hCeamrcoifnf,ogN. .M1u98ta7g.eFnu. r7t:he7r-1e6v.aluation of an in 3365. KWfolrienaeggdems aa1nn4,d:1Di6n.4L-m.1;6il7Gk.ofrrdoamn,cCow.Hs.;grYaizpin, gGf.;orBaugrechtrfeiealtde,dHw.Pit.h 1e9s6t6er.sRoefsi2d,u4e-Ds .in the 3403. dCLiohcpaemmezb.-Aa3v4a:inl5ad3,02V-5,.43;-5DH. irinataw,aPte.;r Kanradsksoa,ilSb.;yTisaoytloopr,e-Jd.Hilu.t1io9n86G. CD-eMteSrm. Jin. aAtgiornic.oFf ood 3412. mLyannguef,acEt.ur1e98o5f. pAhefnoollxoyw-hueprbsictuiddeysoinf cDaenncmerarinkc.idBern. cJe. Camanocnegrw5o2r:2k5e9r-s27in0.
60-42 2,4-D 3445. GtMhoeevneIznrinteesmr,ieoCnr.t,MBP.ur1irn9et6ain9u.goMOf efSftpiacboero,tliWsFmiasshhoeifrnipgeetsostnain,cidDde.WCs..ilUdlnifiete, dPuSbtalitceastiDonep1a2r7t.mUen.St.of 3451. LMiminintsesfootra DWriantkerinQg uWalaittyerSCtaonndtaarmdsin1a9n8ts8.RMelienanseesoNtao.R2e,cNomovmemenbdeerd. Allowable 3470. oM75fo:a1rg3tee7ln-r1at4ao6nr.sa,nKge.; cHoamwpoornthe,ntSs.;aSnpdecrkel,aWted.; cZheeimgeicra, lKs. T1o9x8i4c.olM. Autpapgle.nPichitayrmteasctoinl.g 3476. vpMihvueosn.tooMxnyeuantca,egRteicn.;easKcisiadns1g:ao2sn4,1J-t2h.;4e5V.inudojuocltaihonti,oPf.;chLrionmnaoisnommaea,aKbe.rr1a9t8i6o.nsEfinfecvtistroofand in 3500. ANmewbiYenotrkWWatearteQr uQauliatlyityStaSntadnadradrsdasnadndGuGiduaidnacnecVe aVluaelus,es4/119/8877.. New York 3504. NEfafteicotnsaol fInCsthietumtiecaflorSuObcsctuanpcaetsio.nOalnlSinaefetfyilea,nJdanHueaarylt.h 1989. Registry of Toxic 3539. Oruclce.upFaetdio. nRalegSiastfet5y4:a2n3d32H. ealth Administration 1989. Air contaminants: final 3558. cBPChre.Al.aorJ.rc.o1epI9,nh8Nde6.n..EoMNl;soe,Sdnfm.-eH4nit3och:id,7ng5Agk-.8iwHn3o'..s;rklHy,moawnpadhrodmm,eaJa.tKanw.;doSrehkxesppoepsmaurprdelo, ytRom.Aepnh.;te:nGaoixlceyash,seeHr-bcJoic.n;idtTreosel,agstuued,y. 3594. Riihimaki, V.; Asp, S.; Pukkala, E.; Hemberg, S. 1983. Mortality and cancer
m12o:r7b7i9d-i7t8y4a. mong chlorinated phenoxyacid applicators in Finland. Chemosphere 3640. cSahnhrdeormmnaaatt,uorJga.rla1pw9h8ay6te..rJD.seaLtmeiqrpm.leCisnhabrtoyiomsnoaltoiodfg-rpt.rhi9aa(zs1ien6ee):x3at4rn3ad3ct-ci3ho4nlo3r8ap.nhdenqouxayn-taictaidtivheertbhiicni-dlaeyser 3682. VoStfearVtmeeoromnftoVnGetrromCuhonnadpttWGerraot1eu2rn. dPrWotaetcetrioPnrRotuelcetioanndRSutlreataengdy, Setfrfaetcetgivye199/8289./8S8t.atSetaotfe 3683. dSotactuemWenattaetrioPnr.oDgreacmems bTeerlep19h8o8nethSrouurvgehyF1e9b8r9u.arPyer1so98n9a.l communication and 3686. JS.teWrlionrgk, ETn.Dv.i;roAnr.uHnedaellt,hA1.V2:.16119-8167.3H. ealth effects of phenoxy herbicides. Scand.
2,4-D 6043 3744. SUCyi.nSstc.eimnEnn.avOtiir,nolOninmHee.nfitlae.l UPr.So.teEctnivoinroAngmeennctyal1C98r9it.erIiRaISan. dInAtesgsreasstemdenRtisOkfIfnicfeo,rmation 3759. cCUhF.eSRm. 1iEc4an1lv.si,roinnomrgeanntaicl Pchreomteicctaiolsn, aAngdenmciycr1o9o8r5g.anNisPmDsW. FRed-. SRyengtihste,ti5c0o:4rg6a9n36ic. 40 3764. hUa.Sza.rEdonuvsirosunbmsetanntaclesP. rFoetdec.tiRoengiAstg.e5n1c:y341594876,. 4R0epCoFrRta1b1l7e.3q.uantities of 3766. aU(Cn.SdE.RnEoCntLivfAiicr)ao.tnimonenotfalhPazraortdecotuiosnsuAbgsteannccyes1.9F86ed. .DReseigginsta.ti5o1n:,34r5e3p4o.rt4a0blCe FqRua3n0t2i.t4ies, 3772. U(M.SC. LEGnvs)irfoonrmoerngtaanlicPrcootnetcatmioinnaAngtse.ncFyed1.9R87e.giMsta.x5im2:u2m571c6o.nta4m0 iCnaFnRt1l4e1v.e5l0.goals 3775. gUIXr.oS.u.nEdn-wviartoenrmmeonntaitloPrirnogt.ecFteiodn. RAeggeinstc.y5129:28579.4L2i.st40ofChFaRza2r6d4ouasndco2n7s0titAupenptesndfoixr 3781. cCUoF.nSRt.a1Em4n1invai(rSnotAnsmRaAenndtSafelircsPttiroodntrei1nc1tki0ion)n.g Awgaetenrcypr1io9r8i8t.y NliostticFeedo.f Rsuebgsisttit.u5te3d:1892-1902. 40 3782. CHUF.aSzR.a1rE4dn8ov.uisrownamsetentdailspPorsoatlecitnijoenctiAognenrecsytr1ic9t8io8n. sU. nFdeedr.gRroeugnisdt.in53je:c3t0i9o0n8.co4n0trol; 3783. hAUap.Szpa.erEnddonuivxsirVownIaImsIt.eens:taHl aPzraortdeocutisoncoAnsgteitnuceynt1s9.8F8.edI.deRnetgifiiscta.t5io3n:1a3n3d88li.st4in0gCoFfR261 3784. whUaa.Szsa.terEdnonuuvmsirbownearmsst.eensF:teaddl.isPcRraeorgtdeiescdtt.ioc5no3m:A1m3g3ee8rnc4ci.yal410c9h8Ce8mF. RiIcd2ae6ln1pt.3irf3oic.dautciotsnaannddtlhisetiirnghaozfardous 3786. tRUhe.iSrgd.isEts.cnh5ve3ird:o3un1lem1d3e8nw-t3aa1slt2eP2sr1:oWt4e0catsCitoeFnRsAp2eg6ce8in.f3icc2y.p1r9o8h8ib. iLtiaonnds-Cdiaslpifoosmaliarelsisttricwtaiosntess.foFredfi.rst 3787. CCUo.FSmR. m3E7un2nvii(trSyoAnrmRigAehnt-tTtaoil-tklPenroHowtIe.cStFeioecdnti.oARngee3gn1is3cty).. 5139:8485.0T0oaxnicdcrheevmisiecdal1r9e8l8e,as5e3:r2e3p1o0r8t.in4g0:
60-44 2,4-D 3792. CcUhF.SeRm. 7Eic9na5vl,7ifr9ao6tne,7m9tee9sn.ttianlg:PrOoftfeiccteioonf Asogleidncwya1st9e88c.heHmuimcaalns. hFeeadl.thReefgfiesct.ts3a3n:2d2300. 40 3798. rUe.gSi.stErantvioirnonstmanednatarldsP.rFoetedc.tiRonegiAstg.e5n4c:y7714908.9. Notice of issuance of pesticide 3801. (UM.SC. LEsn)vfiorronomrgeanntaicl cPhreomteicctailosn. 4A0geCnFcRy114917.192. .Maximum contaminant levels 3824. dAWenataelirls.mzCeiwnhaseltmdio,.nS3.2oM2f:.c5;h1W0lo-ar5pl1ihs1z.eenwosxkyia,cKet.iNc.h1e9r8b5ic.idMesodinifiesodilmaentdhowdatfeorr. GFrCesenius' Z. 3825. 3hW2e9rab:li4isc8zi9ed.wessk(i,MSC.MPA.; Wanadlis2z,e4w-Dsk)i,inKw.Na.te1r98a7n.dGsoCil.dFetreersmeniniuast'ioZn. oAfncahl.loCrohpehme.noxy 3832. 2sWo,4lei-lddls-ip,chhMlaosJre.oMpexh.;ternMaocixtciyohanac.eel;AticnJ.aLalc..idC19h(82e7m,.4.-RD5e)9c(of1rv3oe)mr:y17ao3qf9u-pe1oi7cu4los2r.saammpanleds by reversed-phase 3838. Wanidklfuonrdes,tKry.;wHoorklmer,s.LJ.E. .N1a9tl8.6.CSanocftertiIsnsuste. s7a6r:c2o2m9-a23ris4k. in Swedish agricultural 3840. WWiissccoonnssiinn AAddmmiinniissttrraattiivvee CCooddee CChhaapptteerr N19R8184. 0G.1r0oundwater Quality Standards 3848. SpNWhoaofettonl.dotiCsxs,ysauhJn.eecSre.sb;raiPrcIcinodolseimts.saaa7nr8ad,:n8Ldc9.h9;nl-oS9or1eniv0n-H.eartosedodgnl,prihRne.'Ksno.l;lymHexpephuoossemurar,eLiniSn.r;welKeastutioelarnnndtoeWr,asBh.iGng. t1o9n8.7J.. 3863. mtZhiuemtamNgaeertniioinsngisa, ltSeT.;stoMixnigacosiolnong,DyJr.PoMsroo.;pgrVhaialmale..n2Ec.inRav,eisrRuo.ln;t.sWMoofuo2tda0rguecfnof.,de7Rd:.8C7c.o-1m1090p8.o5u.nCdhsetmesicteadl for 3977. Uav.aSi.laEbinlivtiyr.onFmede.nRtaelgPisrto. t5e2ct(i1o7n5)A:3g4e2n9c4y. 1987. Drinking water health advisories
2,4,5-T CSY2O2Fo,,oNp44Mrh,,5O5re-M-onTTNncrOYnicyNMhlaoScre:-tic add
61-1
NCAI9AO3SJ-S87RH460E-50NG0O0.N0:O.: CFOgHRjMQjUOLjA:
STRUCTURE:
O
CU 0--CH2-CII-OH
Cl ' Cl
AFAIRCTWO/RV aCtO2N5VsCERSION 01.00.9464 pmpgm/m5~ 11 mppgm/m;3
M2O5L5.E49CULAR WEIGHT:
REACTIVITY
cocoeodsTFfRgorRpmhtpzlotaoelirxratiooeuohrneeetxehsugnisallrhoomaaduoctyiyieaesstcasnriccslismmt,rinogoetzlioditeg,tdsgcceiciniwireeccenooiwsanaeyworrtnhrmh,nngrsesaamiiixceeiizzbtersosnlatohildmhoaamsaadeharyamemwrwbtg]miitaiitatztcnnlaaeonpiioehscehtnittaaselilnneutohhoektsdotlsargbcrugllmoeeaisfaylerioueslnnasivelpllaenpadimecmlidooaatmctbsgameaeawotl.rsccpo,rsetuoevcsriataitti,hanoridtieistobiyydybvRhhotoueteoarpiiscselnhllsnlrgopeey,i,islk,aaac.teaandav,reyanaalsoasnshocoksltfgllzrtstetiadirlEeliacrloiocryinvmmonyafluloosaxeriaieenctdtnpcc.nneoagep.srogoaevgyrnaedsseflolerotlrionsaRtnafoixRbdori,soalruoiingmxapivceeocixlftensvaailidhaaeltuiatkdmeloromhzdatcuidacaeaiasirohcetezacoetlmdleilgtiitslleisioiibhdonetyoeuconnanoaaanlynmoxonncggeettlaasipdsmiris,epinscnnecuergeaarvwnawnpglhdsiwaraggoiaian,aotokyphrioseednilacdtacatudeteesnonlihudihulhelg/spdrnsttoecnhemosaesoomsdriifaenc,tasunlnplxtasuyln,mawetlhosfgee,iayeosmadtimdrrm2oniarxagnhgtgoehe,seyitdolmhe4pianyeayxssexsedtn,,sndopuniehpaac5edaeaows(rtvimibcteels-scm5csetara.oeoTrril.eais1,ltezdrbtomlid,lh1avintlrelniyay)ieise.nce.isns,
CPHHDEYAMSTIICCAOA-L
DBFCOOFPlhroeodmd1aeyniloo5sloeessihr8rrinzli:c.tt:e0giTayPn/0l:MohOgPLirSCnodeiept1gitlosan:t.hohr6ttitelo6:nPe:Nl2Ttosd.0siaoD:nSngteod:/cNlmaiodtomLa15(dpa1(aoat.t0sta20e30s0toCaCb) )ove
(((225334))) (59) (23,38) (38)
61-2 CPHH(DECYAMoSTnIItCCA.)OAL
VBAVSSHFSLSCaaouolmiioaueaosotltirgnptudclmmgcefoorob.ao/fAi(Lmy-sfrcingOCm.ild'e,)snticaPt:yosc,7ib(yToLtr:ntmmlaiFreeee3aoinpsanan,.woNns1.oxLcsuli3tW)lioniCTr-CoomWe(rne(odAao:ai:am:etanttaitsfretp:tsfEa:62re2.Nt.:0.s::r55NsoNe0C3PC6oNn1Edo.a).0)t.5taor+2di0tat010apaiEdlEtEt1leiaay+or+-t0n0t(a0zi9e2ne2sretonimt )
2,4,5-T
(38) (38)
((1621119) ) ((165291)9)
PINERWSTYSHAISSTETTEEESRMONICLE-
grst2mioar,o4oironn,pbu5sfitna-liToeldol,nfwsiasahhantoeenedarxdrtvpnlycyreooecnaanltap-fetpttapdeiemvlriretcsiolaaniysptabitproteeialnnoipc,tnhiadihitgniiishogdlnhnelyog.awsrdtouaiisrdelsaxaolpctciHesoioapnitta.lesndud,dRnudrihseeekelraattvoociyovflneilmdyiited
PEAXTPHOOWSFUARYES
swTdmainrghaeidntneneiktfropiitcwnrshaigyimenlslrwtta.emraemyxtienppriiosamsstutuhihzrpweeepaelmypixeaiposgt.hofrswacuDtoairoeynengscrebaaoryrdnfeta2hftu,rii4sono,nml5pi-kaTienttlhhytwetohtasoegyor,ieblon/heugvorniworduoewvnnaedtr-e,r
2,4,5-T HHEDAAAZLATTARHD
61-3
Signs and Symptoms of Short-term Human Exposure:
vmEiroxrmiptao_it_ts_iiun_o_rgn__e,__mdt__oia_a_yr_2_r,a_h4_l_,es5_ao_-_,T_o_a_cn_mc_d_ua_r_yb_._l_co_a_o_ud__s_e_in__a_b_t_hd__eo__ms__ti_on_o_a_Ll___p__aS_ik_n_i_,n__n__a__u_s__ea,
Acute Toxicity Studies: {'35041
LLLLLLODDDDDDRWmWAL34323182140:0150200 mmmmmmgggggg//////kkkkkkgggggg
RGMauotiunseea Pig HDChoamigcksteenr
SLKDIN:1535 mg/kg
Rat
PGCINELaAnroaPTedeRnrnAPecgoCnki-tniaTod-o--nxengcricNGGaeecvmanvniorr/rtiNioovnmccaEuuiieelntaDftoppyfeolanaserg3DsCtacaesaatttlnisn:(eiag(:oeidsncnvnDsieNoiitshRdafdyteiutec)e/gacmaanda:lntcauatiieosinmcvsPnesiefa:fdooiilsarnsbbdaicobladaedltereayqacisiutwneatoretogaieget)hhonuteicmegintaayinnint;olmiviecre
614 PRHEACNA(D3U8L)TINIOGNS
2,4,5-T wrpocebHCarmrpimffueelefnrarrioofaggsslsteetdrilpntphp//nahcastmmhiciiifnsditemrrcrieauehf3y3rnlaaauun::cneriietgttslnlecestoooaltcrpegyAAirrrttshaolfrei,ofaepatreeoo-aeihpccpmscfarpopxciepeiooprnplgerci,optiwantacrhersreeinnihtarcaovaerpeatyaoulebteertcitioetrnlnfflaenoumfadfreasutbuneist,1siiocioeedrnmpl0rileirywtnuiegie-xptfer5bsnyplioaiwcuatep-l0rcnerhterftr-oiereylaouyeptimoaerfhfhrtsfstyswtpeupsoeghesoiduoasalinou/yilrrimrprmdndgrneaotfpegea3tigaaorcrq:o-lconlicddueaertouerApyey5seep-ldnarappuompn0ap-tstotiirs-eayaneuaereal1eicyoarpcnrh0Cvdtfanteopdi0ieosCutggrlrlenurtssiehheeomleuttssqfderwidrpp-legumac-aiipfr/soaanPtortfm5iklehritaidincirros0chiett3aotnpein0o:daealm1etrrir-.r-erin0e-c5gahniAcams0oscw0iopietpttry-ngn0iogadoi5ivhttyrr0sgs0haeakil0ctdetitaosuv.rest
ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCRCITUEPRAITAIONAL STANDARDS AND
AIR EXPOSURE LIMITS: StanAOdFSaOrHdSAsHTPWEAL ((88--hhrr):TW10Am):g/m103 mg/ra3; STEL (15-min): 30 mg/m3 C ritANerCIiOaGSIHH ETDLLVH(R()30(-8m-hinr):TW50A0)0: m1g0/mm3g/m3
2,4,5-T ENVIRONMENTAL ANCDRIOTCECRUIAPA(CToIOntN)AL STANDARDS AND
61-5
WATER EXPOSURE LIMITS: DrNinokniengesWtabatliesrheSdtandards TsaEpdhPeveAceirfEsiHcePeAahadelthvahilactsheAddoeevnfvfiesetoclhotresipeewsldeovauenthlldsdeoCnffoaolntcloocbenwertianRamgniistHnkicaeinLpatalesttvheiednlA.sd.d.r.v.i.in.skoirniegswwahteicrhapt rwohviidche ---- lll11ooi-0fnnde-ggdtaieeyamrry--(ettc(eehc(rrhiammldidlud):((l)act:)hd:8iul08dl00t7))00::jig8i1/g0gL0//0L0L0ngifgL/L WNHoOinDforrinmkaintigonWaavtaeirlaGblue.ideline E PAH- uANmmoabncireHintteearWilothnat(ee3srt5aQ5b)uliaslhiteyd;C2r,i4te,r5i-aT is not a priority pollutant A- qNuaoticcrLiteifreio(n35e5st)ablished; 2,4,5-T is not a priority pollutant
REFERENCE DOSES: ORAL: 1.000E+01 Mg/kg/day (3744)
61-6 2,4,5-T
REGULATORY STATUS (as of 01-MAR-89)
P roFmeudlC2qeg.rual4aeat.ael5ndn-tPitrRWyoTega(grRitausemQlrdas)teAisolciingmtnsiat(tCoedWf 4aA5)4hakzgar(d3o4u7s, s3u7b6s4t)a.nce. It has a reportable wwS2p(3.raah47ofsi.8eg5ct1erh-DasT).mNrdii,aensItsnkaioioignnspnntgeaaatrlhttWmeeePdsiartfwitiamerissirstathhrrAepyaaqcrznDutiaorirrradi(iepntSodypkuDrislfnWoiosguvrteAnWodtd)hfeaeUrdtneriRnridnjCeekRrcRigentrigAgoounuwl(an2aotd9tifoe5rnI2)n.,s4cjoe,w5nci-ttlTilao-mbncoeinCndatoanenivtntserilonfoolgpred cdgcihoidMDa22udarhnfRhtsnorooernnr..iaeaaeose4e4esrqaonmreddzezzptmptsa..eyuiuataap55orocvtopqabo,rnrarri-o-otmhuasrmouTadddefenwdhn1aeterusleeaoooin--mi9slmticeivnTnbcnwlunuurtduc9eleoortiiildsessaoau0at-ct,ssanfpni,otsenC,ltaeswwwtelstredtofscyutleadotdsoiorse1aai.aefodnnidnirmt%rssnnstsroormtwesettthtcattirEAasueehfenensnaoreiegoo-ssrulteHftvartr4g,agenhmvcfilastdaet0fccet,taOohaieoilwiaeiietoocCeotetntnliraoddfeCstanhncinwdatsgFnoridwobettepvsstsilndahuRaanirtilsnaaefetsesbeiianegrmcssgun2tnntday(zoruAete6Tet3aiinieaufamewnlasnsnsn4our7Ewrideaseptcgg.hsetrdht7gcitdr3Phaostmieehu5oaaR4nwb(tHhslArnuz)toe3nspf3auceea.iaotarEOsr7olirotlclssnsrroa(h8ooolino8PuwtC3fmdnoetE-3hargeav,sais7Arogcasns,oeifucenppa8bui2y1fsgnnirnld3ehtie6lf6tis9oarryansiitrece7ce()58oteertetortsw.Btni8inaq8.ne(dAeeitoam34o3ev,todoDausdc.nt4ecqn)2Eeotloseius.r3sAtarmu5twopdrcnPCneelJ)oarrcTttaasod(.AuNtegahin(olocn3s(hnn)eRlraiodanttUtoy7dntertihae2nrnnuttConat8rgai2wmeao,ari8cnicmt24-rccq3Rneirtho,esta1og),ncia2ui5parnn.et0cAouoa1ittv)eil-iento0ahhrlnmnr9rTearr)lc0mdtgeate8adqsariiresipahloon7fiutirpoenmtiafnsreain,dicaahtogoontnsczghgtotlreenumtjcaesmhlrisa/innessisnekorttcowsteeacwaoasdeidugtuftngdEnhentnoiisrilcneerruodetao1dituocoPxdhsdecfnn0r(aenstmaiaho-AHa0dssrw-cttoldwftsi0dple'hiOtnBisroaqeusrqosaueagttmfetuCoruousenaehstiiitnrigdshcntntlaedi)d/taiglvkecsnegd, 2bwCArae.lua4ocsptost.mo5tter-pbht(reaCeseetbsTrEhneleeeRaidnismsCqessduipuLvaee(eeAs3nndi7t)dgEi6tfnnyo6uavr)pt.(ierRoRdonQCnamt)RhheAleianmztchaaiotalrndzoRcaofereund4sstpo5rsuo4ausntbiksowsgent.aasCsntRooceefmespttpuhoreneerndatsamecarbhstelieComcnEoqicnRuaatanaClsndiLntiiiAnLtniei.gtashb2Iehi,tl4aith,vy5ae-sTa
2,4,5-T
61*7
ddPnrtMiOsheeuoecneamrnpmerdmr-asoipbeoneninriihtaenoesidgadtabP(rucp3iaortchmp0etoufale9dptimr)ckeim.taecnnuhnxtgollaieactowtsseotnsinpsfvautbeRroocyewrrehignsephseacxheuatnhenyhsroemspcemhithecphamcaitecltlaoy,aaefngdrlrcdeaiohcnnrmcoeSeeamnacretpsnocihntcrmicinveaettsuuiposlreegaeooonnreunrrtintneemssbgsda,ieusasoAnmlrlatateocrutstgaiotnoicawrcnoeg(aensMaellc-rnliotpePfosnarxRtstroohiaacSrctmepbeAyitasiede)nnsclredyaaasnnttoisng.ens OEtimmccepu-lpwoayeteiigeohnetaexldpSoaasvufeerrteyagtaoend(2T,4HW,5eA-aTl)thsohfAaTlclOtnmo(tOg/eSmxHc5eA(e3d)53a9n).8-hour ThrHeahaqzezuaariDrrddeeomopuuasesrnmttMmsaaetfeotnerrtriaipoalaflwscTkiTtrahraganiannsgpsrp,oeorlpartoatbratetitloaiionbnnlgehAaaqnscudtdanet(rstHiiatgnyMnsaopTtofeArd4t)5a2t4i,o4kn,5g-,(T3s1ua8bs0je)ac. t to StatrAANpaeedrHLPlodiWDsLmistttiWaiunaoStltgneTgReraasAtslthPeThoe(rdasEroevsgSsmpeetreaaoaWctmredifeasoirctpseettgnrreuuidnElmagxEteepinProoitnAcssuc,crrArieetimsietterhbLriaeiiiae:rm.nibttyTsWhsneeaacstrteeriraostnQtiav)uteeaasrslie.thtfyheaerv.Cieerrnipc.teerroiomaruablngydated KKaAnNsaSsAhSas an action level of 21 ng/L for ground-water (3213). wqNNuaEeatwWelirtYysYousrOtpakpnRldhyKaar(sCdalanosfsM3G5CALjt)go/(Lf355f00o1rj)u.ggr/oLunfodr-wdaritnerkicnlgaswseadterforanddriankwinagter eVVneEfroRmrMcoenOmtNehnTatssatanpdreavrednotifve21ac/tigo/nL lfiomritgroofu1n0d.-5wnagtefrL (a3n6d82a).n P roFpeodsNeedroalRpPergorupogloarstaeimdonsrsegulations are pending. StatMcaMpehdroOaovWsnipSstgoeaTessdtites.naSrgwtTeCPhsAcrhehoTaanagrnEnretgaSghemeiesnsysatibrnheeetchppoermrioorjeceercfsetisgneduaollaf.fotrirCoenvo1isns9it8wna9ghc-ti9tc0hwhei(iwt3rh6ilw8lth3af)eto.elrlsotawptreoEgoPrfaAfmi'csesranisd 2MM1iInN/ingNe/LsEoStfaOorTha2As,4p,5r-oTpoinseddriankRinegcowmamteern(d3e4d51A).llowable Limit (RAL) of
61-8 W -T
EECwTgcDauhaDitriteedieergecrmeoltciiranavtirnieeevesdevna0sAant.lo0ulr0D,ey1srA,.vin20ak.l0uain0neg2sd5WfAoar3antdteuors0tea.0dl(05po53er3sm)tiincgti/edLnedsreeidnspfseoucrtrifvaaebclesyt.rwaacTttehiorenrteroefaartdemrinennokting
p(DTt5orhit4orae0del)cummtciatvasxexiiimsRmue0uml.ma5taimandlglmogwti/soLsaibtb.hl.le.ee...ccQ.o.o.nu.n.ac.c.el.ei.nnt..ytt.r.r.oaa..tft.i.io.oW.nnafftooerrr
for Human Consumption p2e,4s,t5ic-Tideiss 0a.n1dmregl/aLt.edThe
cceAotDDtinhhoanrpiitermegvrropcsaeieperigrcncngoorottorosonipuvuhogdumrneubaeinidsannlesdcoosttnidhaecngt-oia,newnrmrnaGcmagnetsertescudhuaeootersbsiuammnuhsng(atroapiideoqen.ilonell-sue)W.ugi,rabcdrnoatevoaeidlofciuteasrteoomnaeriradtpknlegesn-eevdraw(dnriaa5nrcannt3oosobtodeu8neplygcar)bmhehetmsonis(yetossiiande.nacpenmrtrh.,ocp,ytbocehsrwerasurtororooibpwtbuuschepohstgoroanrihtucucneisnohevtcgsmiteesrrpmnsioipeneptuaworsryncui.oohnodnrhfidlcodaiivohbrrstirmii,eatopcesntodtushsu.dbtsechiseshorsacosihqlu)augraohgtfiec
cDWoorimrhceeypcnateintvieinednsetposenacmutBtiaohaynothrboiietnfiegpasr.Websaaettnhetir,ngcQouanarceleiatnytsrha(ot5wi3osn4)sthsahtouhledavbyemcheteaclks,edpebstyicides
seosDThthhufrihifgaebgreehltaescltfcntmtaiqtshsoniuhavheocaneaenlfcdillotooaeiytnngnsthohecoesrnetfhyhnmaseesthtsulrhelepasdQfeletitllsfculishfoniiausifnoshlibfhictltsaoeyatrpstfaneihrRnodaeoncacemdelhsqcausuhurcfosvisottrrst.areuaebedtbo.exerscotgTsteafaohenhnaSdceltohiemhaegtahiluinltllefieoeidsvdtgcehheeoleltninhWnawcsaetheahtenestdiiepclttlrrhfesasiccustohihbifnaoi(scs5tnwtraa3ihaton7bitao)cfuerenrtmesesaosfcsufrphotloerincitfhye
wabdDOccaoniehirsrardcgicsdec/haitochinaansrtcolrioivhggoshweesaedauanrolootgeosrenfegredooestmtrnhfhiwseinsehs,suitsuteoDoibhmorsosinigtsaunuacanlbtsnhantscnaaopfterodanprsgondihoesdcwaoruersohrsddpafifesucahi.rnhDctaihetvtaoAhoeenwsradgg,ivaszreyetfpaorresteuoortaitensoumrm,dndso-etlawSeefloqreruuafotrumbteimazetsroetrtiihrr.aocmioynua-deecslnmreewoesvmbcfiarfaeiteo(rsre5csnbrt3icsmooo5nonou)esnrnn,atttipsrnhpitecelesairetnnsansatotloet
2,4,5-T
61-9
2Dli.g4ihr.e5tc-otirvTecoomlonaryMenfaforetkctebsteinbugyseamdnedainnUsosroenfoadmfifDefneartnaeglnetorbopjuhesacstSsesu.ibnstteanndceeds to(5p4r1o)duce
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Dumping of Waste at Sea organohalogen compounds
at
61-10 2,4,5-T
61.1 MAJOR USES Tdrcaph(2eonirahop1notvaxi4opcedtir3e2enrtbnb)r,o.ttea(op4yr2en,faI,nao3nt5ahgif,-onc7aeT1anrs,n89rieustnin-7g.,scTc9ueehfr,vCdlIoIeaet,oEraDtrriashPnbDoetbagrAp)seulib.enepsbeoanhlnreassdotpenclinxeootifrynntngeeuttrddaparsoceoanwaeadrletnnttoia,hdtcunoebsdmaaayitclnaeltitbddolrhuogouewsc(erce2ontcesi,ncoco4ocytnhn,r5notasob-alcvTolameienrnn)aaitbqnwitroseiuaaonoenatanmnittno2icei2n,cn4on,saa3,r5nnfg,oar7-cdanTuf,en8dilhati-ep,ctedkerfra.otaiobslrrcldaaieiTanudccsgchtehfrttoirliyhspouuoalrnisceattoofndlfbsmpateeisaonbcmtssdteaesauntdemnpnzshdloiasoatie-ygynnpsh.t-sathe
612 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS
6U2.1 Transport in Sofl/Ground-water Systems 61.2.1.1 Overview sspstrpoeraciiellnt/lsi,gseo2rpnhn.o4ote,ur.a5a2tnve-t,dyd4-l,wo5srpw-aaTrptaediTydrhislayassisyosptslbphevteelxerimedcponauetccgaisotohnhennddoct,wheiotsnenortnrutbioanomettsipaboerrtnexeuoslprpah.eateicigtrvBetheedduldlyyilzsksptomuoonqsoseubcab.aeelinploeHpttiifetboiirnelewsexsitecshtovteoeeesfnsrdstt,h.ofeaoigelsrr/gmsadorduiolsaulucattunitiooisdonsn-newdis(na)etl.ectaghrot.,eeusrlfydrsiontbmemtehaiws hen herb2ic.i4d.5e-formuTlatihoenrsb,ic2i,d4e,5s-Thaviseubseueanllyuasedreleaxttivenelsyivmeliynoorncaogmripcuolntuenratlwainthd tfhoreeeststlearnsds. In 2wObmpiaa(rt1t1he,n2ursi4rod8pel%odtal,syf5iod5/stnanlob0r-uctgr-Tat)eeuecebe.efnstsdat,uhtavsiemenotiAytpiryortrhfdpiolsngtone1rhlteneieo6ohbeoenspmslefedtyfthheeecz2oe2vrntPeont,hnus,eodvmut4reor4airo,ywrspx5-ilpnoftDy-rarl(rcnTiae21ataosam,ec,an8ipn4nerenw9simed-stdgpd5nDitahiacoet)ttti(i.trrtcho1taahtsi1hen8secnerBa5siapdwdob,ni2nnpoosfuad)de2-mfl.slbxo,p(k4td2uacgrurw,Sae,mtii5oa4smcyypia-enf-anlisTtsndeDs.lctafevhdeocnhrspeIaeero,edyrrn2nmtpndiyi,eaods4rciraaccsree,olttot5mo2srlieiltb-yoewav,ndooT4sunnbe.ri,,tt5ospea1yior-anTHf94loTaftss6g9hefett)4r.toartsle5htee,hrtbrr%hdve4eyeeleierseeipfessahlhoprsnaaetcoryr,ehontiuedesds5mafdt,ed.rr,0hnnsoao2:te42,l3httm,Fyt8,4e034ihasoo.rs,i:38,i5lneinr52sk%a%c-a-l0yTlhoeysTnslt,xram.tuaiaa(heprgd1fbimbsaetitxy6tenrsoseet,p5rperauural0ae5ltrsew8lk)c8e,sm.tio1d%olihi%olvofanoUbfetwf2ueoleoAnwnty,rrfe4chdisghnau,e,te5elihsrsln-ane,eTtno-nd afrnoimon2i2.c4.8.5f4o-rtmo 2a.t8T8typi(s1ic8aa6lm4e,on1dv8eir9ro7an)temlayenndsttartlohnupgsHiosrlegavalmenlisoc.staFccioodrmwepixlteahtmerlpyelpedo,irsttsheoedciepaxtKteedantvtoaolufthe2se,4r,a5n-Tging
2,4,5-T
61-11
9pdali9nikHs.ies9olo%lynec)vit,aaeoitnsliobdiensex9vpib9nee.ir9coyp9tae%ucidcmru,etpmrowoeurasbtlptaaeeentrcemttdaioivtnrtehepldyaHs.enotel3tIurh,nmbe4lgi,enue5innin,nedgr6iwas,tslah,oatencetirhdam,et7eoleddbsiiissslfisotaosyrptcmrpiooa.rfntoeg2xdTl,iy4mhf,uso5aosr-t,Trmebl.tyeh(dei5.0est%.oo,tihl,s/oeg9ir0l2os%,,u4na,,5dn9--dT9w%laet,sesr
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61-12 2,4,5-T
EQUFIOLRIBR2,I4U,5M-T PINARTMTAOIBTDLIEOELN6I1EN-N1GVCIRAOLNCMUELNATTSIO*NS
SEonivlironment____E__s_ti_m_a_t_e_d__P_e_r_ce_nStooilf__T_o_t_al__M__a_ssSoofilC-Wheamteicral in ESoaiclh-ACiro_m__p_a_r_tm__e_n_t
Unatsa2t5urCat^ed topsoil
2U,4n,5d-iTssociated
99.2 0.8 <lE-07
Total 2,4,5-T
pppppHHHHH 46357
499..96
1
00..101
9599909909....14999 c<ccclllllEEEEE-----0010l7908l
Saturated deep soild .
U2n,4d,i5s-sTociated 73 27
Total 2,4,5-T
ppppHHHH 3465 pH 7
37700..707 0.01
6999933999...39939
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b) c) de))
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2,4,5-T
61-13
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61.2.1.2 Sorption on SoQs .
bogoeticSffnhoioxrbyniecrnaenpsltmrdattceoseehtert2caaeaeavcwt,dsrn4tneleiahhssdn,dtdtou5yiehgcrs-r(vtlaThppfpahapinaKtbnHarHiciiotoissae6a;arn).o2tpwac0nia,fiooto,4iedeosno,afmsgeir5rickanaym-2liolTytnv,eysifi4si,nlvturtaa,2eau5vnolsrd,id-id4oncksrcTsttii-mooheerloiDrsoneasrheb2nnrbmnaie,K(sgde4st1deoeda-8gnfbDil5sdrottevoes,22uofeeaar,,wexn4hlsgtumepo,1aia5tlerri8esnolo-lsec6Tistbbpcto4tihseteeo,ruasiscdegrsponow1ntahpieen8fnlei4odoxs6gtrai.rerp7hc5ekantt,ep2slonmtwcyao1,d4ttnra8araehs,dtta6t5dnoreete8n-ardedrTt,pgbrteho.ietesx(a1dhao1dpt8fenle8re9umxdo7toc9bipof1ismt)gicHet.,lmerldiatpna12yyooTtr8v.dis8if8hioaemt(r49n1nceto-an)hr8d2n.raahee6.mi8tacal4puyi8sIss)edonroe.nsiabi(nsdltl1gi.eianSi8beewstltn6hlsnTrseaso4eeooothrc,rnreriaieaeplrega1slnpspt,t8iiiosua9oooiiorstnl7nnnrstd)eiipi.csowdtniiotihnn
p2Sult1eo.ene8a4vr9dc.bse59ehier-I,gsianntrm1leTag8vndsu6ictmaeec8uedpwh)ad,;poyisleo2fmlisboe,f4uidweg(,tn51hreeat-8areoxTd6tpis(h4oeo1er,iinrc8getbhtmh91oeee89dafdrs6)i.o.82nal2,,euc4,VMd4b1i,d5e,8ia5liir-7incj-Tttk2Tiyco)atiahronihnleefbatatt2avtrchaos,eai4lidpen.c,r5s(sse2ps-1oopLoTo8ii5oirlll6-srtsa1e8tQtne(t)aeodvet.crnigm9ermt.vpoh0,ianaorofsctormofsmtnrimeevsemdoneshoitteslavrn,tssiaestowrt(abieyeill~setsxh9elppi(an0tH5eott%6lcnrept0lelee)yH-prdv2eooe8lto3rlfta0stow-r0,e4tdhd)brklaeaeeitg(pvsi1/oiemhd8enlas6xin)4po.i,emfcTatelh.de
61-14 2,4,5-T ydeeaprthasf.terOnnoermstualdyap(p1lSic7a2t)iorneptoortcehdapnaorrdaeltveecgtaebtaletiornesiadnudessobile.low 5 cm depth one 61.2.1.3 Volatilization from SoQs vcg2finroea.4onnltmu.fe5hierD-reasmcuulTpalserylrfcetfasturhsoicolegaeamnntittsciesvfoediaoiclqllooasfauwnoftoertiallroviyntzuahiyaslnpeotosiswosorHooneilliepurlnwrtmtaireiohilyosrlnasi'ssunbwtirulesiaetlrhlwemeaax.nntipcnodoeftirmncrobtsaeemtellada.natwittnTv,oaethi1lbemye.re2.ph1ronaEigrTet-theg0hal9neiowgrtfaiaebttvtfrmelooearrlna*e(sstm,1opi8lvl}oiu/6ozrmba4ltait)olti.piloitlryni(oTz,1cafh2eert1veisoo0sam,ne,pxpo8otsra0rofare8ittml2)iico,ie4usnl,ly5ao-rTllfoyw sddearemeruirvpyrbieoisrsnosrToargitoihnlelnHdeeohsrelva(doro1avbes8fpesri7oecs2b4sir,d4,oeoep,ef15fnr8-mOeTt7srhra5seaegdu)pn.nuro2geirtr,seiV4unte-doodgDdelfiashptttheahioosilngeitszdbeaharlaeleitslnrikomogfyptnrlhieoonaremifisansmtctreiacotoerlhonnlsmaoc(s1tseomeen8ifdn7teo2rdr4taf,ci)o4ct.itaa-ehsDdltoAeehdihmaleaenrvcmbrdbiebdioriesic2yincsi,idtt(4mdu2e,ae50riin-ef5rsToo0oramr)lmna,uoerdtauvneinolaviatdrnpatoesiporposroiin(ongar1rsgnt8tilievh7ofpdie3asces)vare.tefnosotbrfbmreeoeemnd 612JZ Transformation Processes in SoO/Ground-water Systems dT22hgsrsh1uuar.,yeo8h44pbebgd6u.e-airs5s4rrDdttta2-o,smaie.dtl,prn41yupaeThc8z,tdejIt5eeio9onhro-isr5tsTaan;iod,anfn)plstatnyi1terhystah9so8roheib9at9adsueh%slv6nhuneeeoe,pcaovrfautlrb1edbfcnee28n-sioeixlsstdd,9eif4rsepfd7ienou,nceepr5)acc.cry-hrcirtediTaseeoomerAtpdpmtooyeieooondffnpdscrhr.uwtootetian,reencunalarddDfol5ndttai-7meugeldidtfirt-hgrofoii9p.aearot(r7olptano%wifsAddKowcsoiacnaitrtaarius(tooet1ip(r2eocnef=18Hr,tns48i6satni,7,p4i2s5rml6d)h.eew-e8.2)rTnovaa;4,aitehtcetoS4eoiltdea-nsldik,trynoh2ufas5nccaiw.erib-ll8esstrmlethdo8ara(oav)teiarocobobnfeuxhavoyfstianI5hhuadoe2nd.tacota0trh,itlr4to,oil4heisa,vonpo025alawinph.h-,sct4Td,erae(,awnea12dv5rsoyo8,e-aese4Tsnlb9dtt.n,,rery75ucerogti)-csepwsnTlteauohigeixosoncraxispnsfetltvpieeo,wgehe1dtnshhhcua5edrttaysmdteeedhdtp(ndiaar1ctoocyoto8ryftsl5yot.1e0st2diob,s,e ohal(o1rfawfg9lefa0-cn1(lNti1ii,vsnu0em1g%ms8sde8r)r7eeao(,cpn1uaod19ysr80tt5seh6int6d)au.)td.sfoiomeirDlsiscethrhg(o1areb8vaib6eda6ilaos,thdmioo1een8wgt7rano8ab,dfotah1l2ita8s,i4tm8o,5n52,-,i4oTs1,f58tih8-2nT7e,4,g,pir5s1ro-9erTu0den0aoid,ndm-i1wlisy9noa0aitb3lensi,rotrd1w(a9eona0grsg4rea,erdve1feepr9dnoo0mr5bst)oey.1dle0m)Mtitocfooarbsoc4tet5orvdearyys dcnaeorgtbreaoDxdnepsagetroicoatfned2da,pt4irt-oooDndauceccxactnpusemibrnuiemcllaruetandepteisidn2lhy,t4ah,cv5eoe-nterevnisecvtrhaitrbleooldrinsomhtpoeehdneCnttho0(Ia12t8(a91bn59do,0th521,,94a01,r538o-,8mt5r1ai,9ct0h1ic48lo,9ar41no)9da.0n5siPi)sd.oreilneccwhipahaiinlch are
2,4,5-T
61-15
2ddfcaoo.fue4tlngrle.or5cirnawe-BgndaerdTatdewrtdaaihbikobttirnidyicooehonnarpwak.maopndtitifRocdeowrrgofocnrnsboo2emiwo,nra4afbtl,eh5tettee-awrnTsbgwuor,oiipacltlfiphnihiskrdlmmseeatmedA-2wonae,lr4tepindtx-thtoeDaacrt(n,2ci1doru,h84neer7a-arrDs8c(e)1(td.b.i18o,e95nSef06sone5,:lv)leor1arer9waspe0ellpo1odor)aw;rtubetatdyihnnaoiattrlioiansargcalfrorprepeliepldaeoaorswcefiroittridhaosntan-owosof(erbildl2nalee.gce5rernsepdmtaharesoabecenpsllieitoisn)hnhresteedidn sar2obpn1ped.i8ufr4opiov9mt.2do5ep4e,ebrr-I)4egt.nsoer-ererDTtfdaisgBe.idtemdshosianoieefYpgtbedginrauo2eorpacing,taufr4tlrid,enh,caof5asagdaod-entnselTinalo(gtots1bcriwdore8oneaiee8neidlogndn9aarbfguor)taiecsidfodorrhtetieeeln2ooaigrppm,wnr4soeoda,inarf5taudiettn-vi2eeedtTnado,d;t4githlmo,bdana5eobeepao-rnhTpslypgoeoadelariianvien(lcmnlig1daisobsra8otsrmaail8poodcb5riosantla.ie)pfems.tirpiss2oaioMlla,rDinonf4cliow,loaah5ypostttei-toifagrToocphdnn2ooauai,r;nst4dltrmaah-oehetDtiolsxiichfaogeworpetshnsoreeeobdecv(ra2c1ifteboan,fes8r4elenddp,8-dccepD1stetcto,ehono1iovpfinet8inefurbc9rdaarlces1aatailho,cliltts1ryoaiaeio8spnrmttwn9cetsouiio2.iolfdntaaa,nh1irlnoe8dsios9tnoon3hi,lathveat osHLttaafholoxnooaimeyalowl6ngfedo0m-eTrliesbnoisodhodvtebiiaeehslefys(ftaisaubustesfnerrrlhoadmteaeaarhta;elpvceskr21loeeorodi,0rmt4botdbab,liCwpt5eeeceuga-e)neTraornrnecanerosoddddsdfnnheehedgo2t2domaor0i,wv4tad%(oine,11ode5n69nga-sa%ts0Trsttoloi;ra7soaiod)hdlnel.taoa.eebgmtssgdri.esoa,robenaniiuonnesdgnvteweeusdentdhharre2esaors,fsht4wrio(f,xoo1dn5lbmwo9e-wsoT0gteneodrr24evaeb)tkm.oddedydsaai,dbcnyTtiioese5ionhmcn3naehd%dditzleisriotepm3lyiro2o5eidpws,nnn4oeoasds,ciCr5tleotsi(s-naoim1Tagtnn(8nn1pc8lodi8teoef4no8iss)c3osi4.at42tf,ihnw%,o5Htet1nahl-8ysoDesa8(wovo71upiawe,b8nlriv9sdhl1emaee9ei9srbrc)roe0,vh.inil2esi)ctdtc.yuearnionoeff odecmmpnofeoiifngvntcerircisrnmaoeIiognndbtanniiatalamirs.tlfluaiioecmttpTnnaihoomnthrn.pietuasluasyrotTel,yafxw,ho2tpsiei,2foo4te,hnigc,4r5ltsr,a-de5,omtTd-eeuaTpinnctottrdrdohhfao-a,wnobbmsbrsiaeogpaittodasohessdnrlereioegtivswecgrpemdora,onaddstpvtdeoaaeocnastrmasietttospiisiiiaoncabnnlamblalyitlsltaieyoinyodroniubetbnl.fheeateeobttreIdioansdotepohdgliigeitedlrmor/galgosyridrututaoheedbndddueesdanog-tmmaidwrilvoa-oiaawncdmrtireelaeaoaidrtsybbses,ilrifiarolnai2elwstiry,pyt4pllhsryy,oot5e.eepfsl-moeTusdSnwoleiaitmnlgtaciraaoneaynddstibh.ndeegrops 61.23 Primary Routes of Exposure from Sofl/Ground-water Systems nbpaiootnahvcwTocalhuayemtsi.luaelb,aotmvioeond.deirsTacutheselsysieosnofarobtfeedfcahttaeorapscoatitelh,rwiasantiydcsshssuausggggaeesmsttsostdehevaretartauelnpdpoiosttseeonncttiiaiaatlledfeoxr2p,o4s,5u-rTe is
61-16 2,4,5-T erveuxxeinrtipdtseuotinssVsatsulidoolorycluenaieaattilotlloteifozdpwatHthtfohioeroerlknemdemvirosesoislfssodo2cenori,ro4afanr,t5teee-e-ndsvTivosdailoerafcrnrotipoditnlstm,emi.owinenahnTittodchhafihlseeptcihaposoresoneeatcuaxelepnnsrbdetineticiae.cstlseaioduTsfcoshierteaoxetgp2ebsrd,eu4oecs,uta5cetnc-ehdTdipde-ttwiioopbnanritlreeieedtsirystoohuicmolleo,trfinnai2tdnnaa,ind4smnts,5eotinfg-hcoTlaieiratgmtiwtioeobednluaenkodreerr dclioetengrrtaaatmduaritneiaowtne,adshwofowiutehnvde2r,4i,n,5sdh-iTcoa.utlidngretdhuatcegritosunocdc-uwrarteenrcueseind darsindkriinngkiwngatweratseurphpalisesb. eeNno Husmfruroenpooaisutlmuyw/asglkTuetrrtveaeohhfeslureoeuronc,lfmmidturd2-sciowu,entu4vheam,eod5etmtef-siosTrtrecsaeunhinscbtrytarscyfsreeoatlgasaaecfetmqcei(2okeuts,wn.oa4goatae,.i5sfl,xtcu-epuapTrroesesfrclaeriagtnacsreaoisegdsngftedwiresstronmasouiupcntrseneibkflradlieo.)nac-rnwgesaAdidragwweostnmeaamirtattfoheeeiodrcrerssartee.isesnrcuiuxattplIpstatenp,onmlsibisimuneooirsogvameceelasosemnptnmidaceoctanaenhdstnyweetewsrbrax,maiyeptttshaohiiolsmfesunreooprpximefolpoasrtocptestmaanounrartrtit,yeiacsolloencfmslocyauryrin 61.2.4 Other Sources o f Human Exposure ccey1eone9aanv6rs8idre;Puoidnecinnatm(wek1d1he99pni1sc7rt8hh9o)ogd.usiauvtlfuTdcetetndhiraioeetlnrawsheneaoofyofEfasrb2Phebs,,uA4eem2,n5,nbca4-aoeTn,5nteo-eiTdnofx.npiittsohsmsenucoourUstertnreteoixotnfeptdtiethucsSetsetpecadehtareetnmsomdiotibictcteeacsdluwlriauinrcdsekeedtsshop,befrpeeerptanwoedvdreisueriinncosttnieto1mhnn9ece6eni0.nt awtTnhedhereeU.S. wdwococrblif1niraooce9tfeaeoencnntt7ss2mtreuwgtc5th1acaeriegAenettrmrnarsueiocgenpoontnprcifdrurnndeofraUa9nr.aArestyo4ld1t.dhsiiuSieom9em9-niodg.wnnn7griuwsg7ctta0blssoIeat.yrtyn0teiptniao1orenea12narfrfw9a,igttat4d6oC2seihht,nea17r,5ieia4ngo0m9c-n,aanTth.75p0apifpn9sf-ra7dlid2Tpfoereirar,ltmsadp4oiensSicnp,nmpd(5eaapb10op-tssse.9srTit1ttuortitu1ehtno,nrhmd9he/rtf.i2eyr)aamagb.i,sdc4l/aeosWlseL,oirmtrLf5bouuwue-neo(oed1rTlnteals1fcyhsornssteheaoeef1aoifrsnaun9oagfddgir6rpfooneceC8i1prfctntce1,aolueos(eigtn2c1elnwvhtrstd,aa8ute4etoianda9orrr,uttd5eam5anhenoab-l)reTdi.hfmwelrnwrni-aebmoawasowaTvni,mtyncatieiahsteoie-td)sdareesnasiegseprpntldhtssroei(eewwoailec1aclctmdia1g8eeeutabsg.errrc6l1eletiedeetl3ccuyee;r)uorndcn.eiiiwlnanognptolrud/fahtoRLodrrtunlereuafraecntoowclinnlctannoudneedetpaknendn,erorricddetntteeoeoebagcnfsamitesinbtopcwt2rtewcoeih5aaattdofaehatsturcieeuttetioniarfnhront.tseensseadst ysCteaoatnrecDsfeonairnttrawaaothimniocnohhsnudirtmaaotanraingnewgedexprpfrerooosgfmuorruae0mn.d8t,o-o12f.27,,p44,rn,5e5g-d-T/Tmom(Jinni(no1ata8ni9ritn5layc)rl.ueadglirinimcguitleetsudtr.earlsI)narwe1aa9ss72do,eftte2hc8etesmdtaotisnetsrt(he1cr8ee9ne5t).
2,4,5-T
61-17
sscct11uuhoo99rrenm76vv1d9pepeEuyyeotacxsshrsntpiiaedocototdeodfssn1tuciho9snr(hie71fese48t1mprit99nieeosi57giackt)82akh.olo,e4asf2frTn,,5i14dhnh-(5,uT1e55t1m8-h9ATi9tnae7o5dn9tu)dvfa.soiierlaseoxeogtEddppsreivooye,ocerstcaunftCoensraodaniednmmbtaunfempsrmlotaoleseiimmxt2nst(p,pae41(efetl,d2oiec5o4esott-neot5Tdetd),acwikattantaihoneiosrnedtnhbmoEbeierlniiePnmdfwntaAiwiemianetgetttaolse0seil.nrgn.0a-iwb2n2N1ld,a39e4pos.6,npt5o4onme-fMdTea)wdg1nallc6atdieroa0gsrknk0is1ebdec9tlf(nlee6ou1tb9oe2dba(cd42esedt4d1kteuw)3edrit)ein.neingn
613 HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS 28tuo.-n4xtwe.i5ctarT-naehtfcTefehedlciiotntsrssdieoduldoefsif-tbapr2neiran,do3lzd,om7pu-,rcu8pot-s-dTdtouiCbfocxeDtsiiyonDcnnot(nha2osre,fie3sdi2,se7d,r4,im8es,cd5-aTu-yTsiCnsreDaedalsDwnuiya)lntychsCionenrhaetltatoasphuxmt-liertcirsneolalia6ontt3gieoildcnooa.fwalntTehlaefihlfvsyeeescglitsups2irod,eufe3sn)e,2.rn,e74cl,,ea5t-eoTdf (ttthohisethe 613.1 Animal Studies 613.1.1 Carcinogenicity tested2,;4,h5o-wTedvoere,s unnocteratpapinetayr sttoillbeexicsatsrcdinuoegetonicliminitathtieonmsaijnoraitvyaiolafbrleodsetundt iseps.ecies rs2inue.4pb0.oc5.r5uT-t%tweaTdno.geineholNyuatbstohrieniidinndj(cesTitrcereCttaiaoDifsnnoeDsrdoo1fcifn8o2cCn1mitd55eo7ennBnmttcIhgVen/sko6ogt(f2mr21tei,u3c4pm6e,o5)or.w-rtTeesNdrawe)onadfosiornraorclber3lpyseeaowrtsrrveeteeedeadkdtsienfidnofcoriwdmll1eiotin8wchceeme2dg1ooi.nvbf5etyhntmus6mg0a(/o1kspr6igpns0mg27wl,)e4.e,r5e-T wwdohfrroieeogserm3heke0--Tsrdst.ehmohtlueseagNedt/ceiFkogeadg,drrsocg2tiuibgre,ne4pnnyon,.ie5gfLdri-ecaeTnaotuiinfscodtcnaiheniiflnntoyfeceefrrrcisneatteasitrttsihoeeaapefllir.nccdooe(idn2lmelut1e.mco4ttup2ieFmv)lrae,coisinrrtasiastlcu-Stgsodplrfeywrasatdieihgonreuenewe2st-p,he4wDlsi,acaa5tcehsw-esTdlftewoh(yuoeaTnnsrCddaotat.Dhsbm.DesHsesRrowlavewameevtedresevelweidnnrfeie,oerdtttaheer0fooe,brp3to,a1ri3t1ne00ed,d) dcTCXraeiC3VerpHtcoDEirMnFuD/tGoneu)mmtdirliaaianicnsndne,dyet.thaio-hCtseKAhet3e.odlHsCovrogaiAF3,necHknshmsiFiyniecigpgtcnmeetariuwfiplgmic.aclietavao(es2enrartn0stlioc1faion91nnlrg0)ecd0sr2rwieoelmaiemnptsuhgoseok/rLncaetinteumnhoddtistafahnap.f2eneoa,o4plTiliu,nion5lhscwlc-oeiTrdetmseudeea(mansctbceoouwydenrmest8o,riaon0femrscsenpoiibdnebpaaeoarmscnpcteeecrldoae2evxus,e4twotdsir,fc5iest-imhrqnlTaeuesrt<almiehyom0eint.xro0useabu5mdrlwsaeopadicrnpisdesnmletlirhnse
61-18 2,4,5-T
obeff2o,r4e,5b-Tee-tnreoabtesedrvmeidcei.n t(hTihsemionuvesesticgoaltoonrys.)noted that bladder papilioma have never
dwig2r(n<er.ea4vov0ss.eu5eq3acplK-uol3osaponTamceipcnn.ialpbyougrbualdEnysteTexuedicoatmnCempatloDltlhlirah.naDscsea.t(ta)2itrcsti0coDthi2uninlenee2dosst)oydiphmofafierntetateaedssdos.unioatSelhgrfttHpeueinrtfoehaohghswgreiiggieuon2hhtvefole-yaynrDmreag,sraaotuuesbwrredgstalia.guneswleeycidstVeetythdrrieaoeverrtnenaysfLutooe0tehmuh,f,uinegbas3cdhcea,rrhsratim1ncnaro0ieitonftirmyrsooattrgeaiaoncetllf3iaeinmt0laiytlrclhay.aimloettsssycsgti.ctgau/ofuktndenrgidyrrfg/iideusc(3dak2ae0yn1ift4tnmoou2rfimga)n/2llocklad,rrg4tiesed,,a5os-nifTetot
bUuStEIPPAhARenCcolax(sy1sa2ifc5iee0ts)ic2c,la4ac,si5sd-ifTiheesinrb2Ci,4cai,d5ne-cTse,raanGsdraoiutgsrpoeusDtpe,r(3sa7rae4s2c)Go. nrsoiudper3edcoGmrpoouupn2dBs. coTmhepounds,
613.13 Geootaxidty
amr(2ce0tpir5ovc8Traet)tsheieoedennvsmeinn((a33sj4wot07rr9h0ai2tei)yn);nsootthTrfeesArttheWe1ped5oP3Dra52tt4,sscTtisorntAanrdiac1incie0nan0ott,oefrfTaEtthASisoaac1nthc5cse23hr,7uia4cpr,ha5oni-tmaTodvcTi1coseAlmsin9o(gc81te/p6romle0afv7uti)eSts,aiawagtlehmeitneho(i2ncao0.e2r0lll6Naw)s.otitrtyhaepiofhnfuiemtoctfumsrSeiweutarmerbraoetliiac
es2ieNZanoxx.ni4emhcmdsg.hi5eabemAoax-tibn-itecdlveTrsghiuedneiernlrkfotrgvdeiemnedeDidssedoutrDttusrloonto.erassbcomlo2m.eawp-esi(ndehnse3lcaiiarca8velyrebna6se-enoo3arimolgl)nesedraeptewmshsolmtaoiharaennmlatorleiolstmadee(fiete1eaxuiDsdf2cs-tolt5ra(irepon0o2trari)sk0no.io0erronipndie7nsnhcj)-ge.erdi(lci2eiavbtsc0Ceijee0ndfuotso8gwnsnr)aic.cveadt1eeeiun5o2nTlnlt5tehrdh0tameaahotsynmamiaesodllgsnoerd/ssslkecaoesgotwxgouamofdilcttuapih0ehesrad,rter1oc2eoi0hmc5nd,for00onoa20wsmot0,or4isrtmaio,hpg5ds1pen-oi0cTmcimo0fltione0cfesodotassrmfrnobaotg2l5ynrs/,-i.kd4n6g,c5adr-leTasayoss,e
woirmpmebreavespelepekelaraaNsvlnrmoeata(sdi2tncie0oweyfs5nfiecieg8snrhcn)ej.toriesfofcricmAtoe2aepnn,odn4oast,rpo5liytnrmi-ensTetdirecis.ma-rdieponpaaeflmsraaetinhtasdotgeaoniintnmesipoagcinlenhlryaremlnoofefmtsaiesttlch,ooetsegftsorehomran(at2liiaca0llitu5zeotaa8sefbtt)li,yeomirnbnorauarflqteteiusmoDuConbaathsavlcei,hrniniroernorasgtnethstiacehhnfaeaebldmldoyHrns2awteu,et4ierltm,tsh5go-ardcfTreiordndmofeown(amr3od1cet8e5rlc7lis)alof
weimnxoidpxriotkvuSsiedurmreursaeaoelllsfx(2piocn0oocc0smcr9eued)ppa.osatuetoNsinodo2inns,a4,el,cvl5tyhih-drTeeeosxnmedpcuooeerssfiofeonemdfgcatctislhotsrca2oopb,mu4rerol,od5rds-auoTntcmi.oottineoHbndfoeraw(em2aqet0auvt1gree0ienrb)c,.uwibteaesesdchafsaoupvuseenecdibefixecinpeanollasyurlertapoerog2iren,t4ceg,ldr5uo-diTunepd
a of
2,4,5-T
61-19
613.1.3 Teratogenicity, Embryotozidty and Reproductive Effects tha(eadarnsvadetbTrorpsgheareenonebfitrcfareeubpecelftoef)rteoetccnertodasnbtothienaghamevamoeviniiiccobaereteiefotofnrnefecarawttenseipitdmohofrwattl2heist,de4he,xik52np-n,T4oor,swa5aet-nsdrT,etpre(rar2rabea0tnbht2iaoe1ttgsr)ae.loanlrym,Sbm2tooimgou2nJe,ok,4s8ue,t5-syuT-sdTdCi(.ue1Des6D0dto7.o);tiNhncedoleicpfctaloettpeaearnaltacnitauelt dmefefgve/ekcl2tgos,4p2o,m,5n4-e,T5nm-tTpaartle(ovcrdoanurnaciltaeatdoiinroninnfosegtican0ol.n5NwgeepewinpgimhtZatleTgamaClaiaDnnlfDdwo)rewmrdheaaittinlieyoonrtoesandbobrg(i1tesi6snt0oca7rrt)aei.olalnsyedsgaiivynent6h-1e108,f.r2e0qNuooernac4dy0veorfse 3mptahr8ryegwesa/gt(kete1nNeegr6adkeo0onc7wtffttoo)ei.f2rmtreh,a4m4yAt,55oalwa,-sglfTeoeet1s,een0r(ki,niccnsoo21en00bgaft0eefdaolteaidvrwcnteateii4rsynne0ssgnewcomaelegferpfgesefsg/ssekuetcrgalstteehttspsia2aoto,wnbn4iroy,aet05nerl.-sde0Ttd(5o1arim(n6yecms0paor7gocn2h)/rh0tk.eta-segt4iudnu8Tsib.niCnemgDFodf0eenDa.ttki5uul)yessymweeosssagnsw/owkgfhageederrsTnemhtaCeir0tsneDi.uoi0mssDn5toe,am)rvl1eeotdddhnoarkrytbeeosey1y02st2imteos ws22mai..fge44toner..r55reipf--CihebcrxoTaTeaplhnmoowat(gscpvyeeuoitrfoonrwferneetaeactlrtaitelnoesynsitdnoafetoegndRussit0nolanei.dtgtdg0te.l3deerarasptMydsp(5oia62mzsl5e0mee,.5Too9osnCeA)fffxtDsb2hop,rnsrD4raao,iol)t5rnliyfm-ogtT,oaaafggdlraLieeosmtsoimwetlniasonhgtwit-iiishnolEteeenavresra2extand56iptmssloom0errrt,,arga6te/p1tsk,ao0ugtro01peyn2dom,wnbdw2geeag5h/iikgyteahhgosv8ttria62ooot,r14iorfo0,rw5n0gg-aeer1Tmrslo2tesgdagsm/tardkiyogoegu/tnk8epo..gcsfteNdo g0b5ioitlnnee%e.yf0gsccnt3uu2Seid,nbboarB4peaaagnf,vep5ttldhetiiom-oohealaTfonnrecvspTt.citoiwothmwvCrnriiAaeocteaDsyakannl,dtDnst7eejada0d)wfuyadf%msneiwRdctdc.hhpiaaottiofissgiecntouBeiekignitrtrnneshastjadelhewscnr(ehcahg2defttoriode0eccworvdnr6hkumaie0iespngid5)unnigg.tastire.adeolednAeesctdpxHceeothpisaiwangv1iiomtmcnee0osckgd%eihenlwldaneeegagbegtoniadeignrflotkosiaiitrstno2styoheen,th4.anreoe,foao5ftlhpefed-facierT7thrtfhi-cehiti5petchaao3orkrtetnihfsdcodmefehragarcitgylisnhhtv/ogkeiie8acngnnkhrgjodeseoar2rcvotf,stcdeu4dihh2aoo,nao5i,lwndn4yew-dTn,.g5oe1.-df5waoATln7Betoap5er(bepfcred-hnr2aoaaoo2rtnyvixre5toimipa1onmmio5rasnraalgiottiln/enefkgdlgy oehnxuefcrmgrvreaoBetnuiaoossttnhhscyaooCsvnftreeca2meam,r4tn,pa5ltpe-toToapnse,tha(iurn2asmd035itac-o9naf)ostb.eladentShsgduparseStecacacetinheepdsritceikbvsreaslsenoraisnatniottdi(ivo2vinr0teay,r6t.y0bs)alaoscrewoednsdcoiolmnusideltasehrdeoiftnrha2ast,t4een,t5osh-ifTetim,vdiweteytvhaeiwbcloohhpleiimsrnmeagaysabnde
61-20 2,4,5-T gdmaeadesyjatasas.cDuteirnaoTetvndoi,pte.as2aldetcdtoaolac3flk.lw.o(s3eSse1eok5sms4w)eaefrctreeaeprlov4ereSxtsepodwouseaturberooefrbt7toio7omn2(s,6a43al,i5%nv-deT).,sbtuaiEletlbrxwiipareoltlahsykusr,sipenarncacdoyanetddtclieeenadstartwaa6ittdihoteniofnso9lawiamenfertowenintnhosatn spkdTiktaagt(a1nthe<nneigre0iuCdrdcasovde00ddarnttnDdne.aeyt0eeu2Dl2utotat,Doyy5hLri,cgsBr4op3sCeeee/em>,neAappddn5o(s7dan2pCr-apiu/,lcT,o2i&cimlo54rmnfkldJdnt7o,-enciw5nuTaaBrdfsToim-etlcydmiaCn1rT/bCyessieViepDnaldcnfyeD6asaatj6DeeciaelntntDofaaecmtomadoonabhtft)tnreioisplrnoirodMopcgfolsxontiineeotrunhnir.cCoecatgmerlaueodeaDhCennosriBafedlpnedtrletDloe1doiir2tatftpC5-ira(Hih,ohnIte2tc4taDirrsesoao0o,l.mecm.d5assln2nteao-tr1ztiiTeammCtatAacm)esoiteitefopsbs(dnar.aifsC.omblnminaee.nenle5icvddusApniat7entrBosttlosiB23aiileiuotsoof,n0toLrin3tnsatngraf)2h,/dnpaCa76t,imiistop4n(t,nmDte8i2g,ameowid5-0eac-nc1onT-I2enelh0drTtso.rC0i0dnhocmef)A%teiDef(.rcTr12iiKaeacDn1t03edaeltdeH0Rc0,ot.mrr7i0hw(eomaa0,mdnidw8stet2mn.estoi5re-g,erictwT4getgsh/vaaaetk,pe/iyCinel5ekrttnngprlhrd-meggD)simT,escsrdit3m2Duaoainewt^p,nTldfde4.isfgodacweou,Cme5/tstxibkaeI,Thn-2DiinsncgnTdce,pCu4DteeCelraiT,tiw)atDa5)oatDetihCl-idfnaneDrtaT-oernauhoeDInlraodtc,lfdpd(Doouil3nCrvi2jgwcssfiaoog,eyligc5a-4nygdnlsuo/7l,uaat/kus5ivpBkiocmlnoc-cgeygn1Terte)/die6cdJoa,lf 0ofAoh(elmdieT,sfufefntfasetmCa2eiol1-eff5cltmcD0ieoDht,ctwr0rsaDreaue5meedtlovi0siiian.aoregwe,tctsslnheiaolh11onutisp0a5sonndi.f0m0nnsfcte.,glodoefumTtranrdthoNgnfotpeun/a1edokdrst5ltgaeeph0bcsdaulreeheonnmonanafroiapntlitngmnba2od/grtsiwk,rame4e,atgpirls,idtsia5oaaehimfl-rniulsrinTinsaoaeowolmntbroslaafe-dierlsgbrhsgidneirzbkuaeleieealoevsftrnfdittlnieleceeaaoecpeartd.trctasnaiotiiolsolortTantlrtnrywaoneaehrnddtalslretaouiveesmdrmiaybddendaisuyatwereasWcdliqconibi6edeausofdidsep,smetet0hunwatavv.arhl5tdraaaeloedirls,rueromiieaselgntpaapigtthulomsytar/semnkoorore1oagedbarn5l)fsualetmilgrrlcs(yal2itrtniytbenioa0civsrfaotfo6a,einhrcn2dladreapi)mverdlva.neetieeidtarlxtnvlyhfrAeyfiiodoafsaeddretrneittencmmouidortdscssieanerein.dsnessit,lacsoe2tOaesrnvre,nt4atoewddeh,tlt.5dieeo-orrTnef eslPSmeaa1opxsnn1wrntgpe.iier1immg/cgosu1eisnTsaa0sfrd-eiall0Wheassdcntdeyyigcegtms)ctyobeiolbvwefefsdoewmftcienerioptodcarhccemtttccorsheemoui1mmveomro6iaedcemrffncmeremtoteced2teumhwrgir,ra4caa/iecm1lin,l1na5irl04a2yeel-01lc,rT4d2oo2cs2g,a,.ctim5o45a,uyc4-%nb,lmusd5T,w5ri-2eoet-T,,hohrTdf4pcsaef.,u(oit5dbacrtre-yohlePTtesanhaet2eGr2ttegrg,uama4,mrrr4isen,eoen5,efaie5aucim-fnnrn-tTepyteTeagccr(nltlv(2se(2cP2sn0,wl.y.0geu67uap.si9r1m7ovssr.ep)3efe.bpdctng2htemoadnh,rAayn4paainss,ysunonT5isridfcf-e0CmoeTyeff.rr0ofDrae2ear0edlstDc,snd44eohctdl),rewoa5.ptwpnry-fepptTaaeetriImurtsnodenaornsatlteiliTnietemnosdrdsaC2jirrtepnte,yeuDei4vicrnd.msp,eteD5etlga4b-o(idA)noT3l2ypsann..)o(m89t.igarr%imoorloevlfowunnoasu.wlttiotstephf2fhioone.nrv2ftg8hsoa.ietn
2,4,5-T
61-21
stthyhneeepragnuiirsmteiac2als,l4lys,5tu-tTodievinds.c. r1e.a2seinfectoontctnrodlciatyn.imNalos)feintadlicaabtinnogrmthaaltiti2e,s4,w5-eTreaonbdseTrCveDdDinmaanyyaoctf
wltrtsmF2Satpehhhia,lmpa,gv4laateeobsnse,rtti5witl)ia3tnw.fah-Rteti0Teilghscsansdees/ateNosdmswtnuadtfaooaetsgoocalyilnert/rLeye.kesteelmtteyfgntodfo(nhft/aSe2ndeehadfetcip0cdeapenretarr6y.opnFeaw3twtuac,tahght)ahyFgrras.uelesehreeis2etnteadott-FmoPrsteteeDuawem,u-rsiittagneaxtsarsredneewigradnfatndvadteilhtitseeielesensedrirtyatgtongasahriFertr2ftrvoeftairia2e,ooehuort4otdsnnl1leensp,mliu50potsgw-tcdat.wrrieThwmtnveoierieeepdoedrAesgdt(nnerau/Thkoloancatsif3Cdgitftghiicening/uhitvdDddtmsngachepaoDittdegttyfoisiuerhioov/ascknefnede1stngafagtne0.eooeint/sdalcdstmttomitletuadFeaefpdedyatgvelolnre2yye/refekf2stc,vtlou4swirg,sel1sl4re,roeLi53cin,tvoaant5h9-0yithnsTfg-v0eeTdwoPaa.d0rtltdfoa,uiaet(nassrathSla23asteymtmge0,nrd.sdwe6eate1iFehl2t3ttce0aAwhhtae,t)rret,4.ellehoeicl,env3Fa5rsette0urf2si-noaeTe3eraatmlnmdpv0lhtln.ioothygavdrlimwrcemi/anletomkeyleageFusngdtdt/iw,ws/ktchmwdlgaleetbuwoaieeosrtyydfntreeeaeetim0dgrdl.ssiohaf0noestt3odeef.
Tdbcwguar2pleauu0ushiesdnev0rtprteduiaiaesncwwgcS/tnaglgiteioeiesultitrdbvtohrttmoiseehsenciworergbdae,rnaotnileohnvllbsrasysea,dsnerbdoomeavseiriyfsficirgeavnitstennatlbehcniog8tidvirxfttele-ewe.iihids1ctacsiytea2iptssat,iIauneguytnwssdtai'hpco1inii,nt"arsdetnsdeh2nosea,oden,col4bnnhge2ert,era.phae05hwoddavee0-waaTrrsehvyeipmtios.suihcwuocdgh,tprra1i/Oklaosespciegzlartarllne/nhiouiedtidsdednntsatwereeudytr3sfidchptm,i,oegheouaadafuiipcnsnnCtr2ehsddte,atDmse4-goeab,-taa(5isIeog3vl1a-drldh3T0aemmeay%5grt,ctee0oormw1ld,gueia%mteaeas3tdwineesza6gmree.itm3htsieinh5tirnaanA)(ncit7o.ts1etae.atfi3r1ldrvrvnW0paaeidetavtcturymeihlsoroapaleeogmngsot1nan/heg0kosoay.edgrb8nnodta)isrdaaior,mcdnyltfoirbhasdtsetlyy2uoihe2wwv,tsn2er1eeee3r,esn,ir,sgop5seuoth5h8hevl-trt,oaeTeiwtroodtrde. d
61.3.1.4 Other Toxicologic Effects
613.1.4.1 Short-term Toxicity
Tthp(h3irhga9eehn3psl3a2ye5,r,40aht5,0wte51i0op-o)TnamwTstoihgCtot/sioklfDeexgl2Difct,(4ah.3c,pe95opT3-maeT3hca,peurwos1toiue1trtnh1oapd8le2)sbr.L,ec3aDu,r7oteM,af8np-olTeoofowtCu2eDn,st4otD,Lx5ai-DcnaTiiMntmydr.faao2nlrC,gteet3ohsr,naetf6tar,oromga7mtei-nnTra3saC,t8ni1DoagnceDtnsooefrfg8reeo2csnmuo0imlctm1mia5gnge3/ker5tncgoitxtasioinlcagtnerhfdefeaeatcrertarset.
caaonnndorgebSexsilgoitainoo,dsnvooionfmf2sitt,t4ihon,eo5gl-,slTi.vdeieaArxrprashonisenduag,rkleeiadnoinndreayaalsntdai(mxo2is0aae6.ls9o)Aif.nuc1tl0uo0pdesmyagrt/akexvgieaba,wleskd2in,h4e,i5mr-rToitrarftehiodangt,iocacepnnigetse-lriciktaieussreaadnsdh
61-22 2,4,5-T
tgkKfrhliaoodecmsnctreTiehaoyrihtnsuee.earlalolTraofrnwhef0disel.ot1tHrrro9apex3otntiinicoaomignltnyLf(ro/u2oman0ffti7cens2t,0oi,)od4rf.onei,5urn-mMoaT1lf,a5pri0clsealhatmtlssShomiprognirauiduvagetegSeh,nuostp.we,1to-,oD0t2a0m,ab4swsmee,5ialuge-dnmTy/ukaegrharaantt2tedosd,r4iwni,wat5olesa-rTbtreeealfrowpfi.oeniaddcfsutepseoxevrndcaersleuwusturaiiitrtonheenadro2vyr,bi4ayf,t5lhot-hewTe raatte, ssmTfuuohgrbbe/ssk1tiAgdain)tnenocdtawrilae1yafla1otsislicelndfoaecawlidry-ngeisnrtaroag(se2delL0arsee1toiim23nnv,)ego4.t-v,olE5aitLv-vlaTeialovrneRf(wsrc2Noere,ni4aAngt,tlh5asaai-trniTnngwidnefatmgrhtsooeenmdtnaoodtltsidehwepteeratdoasedettcpetitheaiaentenb.ddlooeenEsnTalnytgCleaaeDrnflgfdeDeevcmwetaleatinosnatfdasuws1esc0anoesscdmiitraigbevt/vyeaitedny2ris,wm4oibi,fa5tlhle-0/Td.a0a.n5yd 613.1.42 Subchronic and Chronic Toxidty otkSftgthoohrifpdrteoeratnuao2lgrepTgxeryu.yiuhnocreewaueiiat-nlpyeDrleispogafinevnehw(lgdoTvtl-tlieCtuhsa1ye.menD0rdrmeDrNam,atmotsgtusco/orockxtfriornginepcen/tdadihaestratounyy3mylmt0oocegaoe<fnmindpc0t2dgra.,3oa/r4lkppe3,ag5dlroal/i-iprdtmTetepepatradhbywarcy)itoea.2lriynfso,i4fnntAeir,an5sceai-vtnpndiTsonioden.lwrcvgttrueheeMedr0rdeaoe,istpnkbh3eooiiy,medbripnnK1sapehe0lorbryycevto,oroiseridblenxdiyanvi,3cec0iwaenreentemfaotifagihngefnlhdce/.kcmttr(gs3l2euignwa0aonmes2ifgerneg2ra2,/)wekil.,ni4gendn,/rc5rdeoer-epatTeleyosaadistgsdiietnvaisnesiilnyin sen(chloeootvnewatdAetaediidnsnuiansbteghdcreheulpermasornsenisaimtsclhikaoaaalnnnsliinmif1neeadmblpog3hsd/,tokuys1gdp0wyhToeaiCirntgaDvh3soteD0lvg)lmeeaddvignae/r,klilsagya.ts2fsAo,lf4ireg,d5sh9ltti00Tg,dh;de3tahc,ydors1ewe0ac(e,rs1vee63ea00risn7,eo)a.rfinonio1Nm0droe0adlisnmefctfagfeee/kldkcletgcs1ao20wnu,04dne,mrt5se-gTa/kngd hlivemeros,glhoobwinevwere,rethrisepfoinrdteindginwamsailnecorantssi.steHnet.paNtooceolltuhlearr esfwfeeclltisngwweraes noobtseedr.ved in
6 1 3 2 Human and Epidemiologic Studies 6132.1 Short-term Toxicologic Effects humaVnesr.y little information was found on the short-term toxic effects of 2,4,5-T in blackNbaeurrsieeas caonndtasmevienraeteadbdwoimthin2a,4l ,5p-aTin(w17e)r.e reported in three children who ate
2,4,5-T
61-23
wcphrhielesdteSrhneeetnvreedetr,hxeepheoolrsweyestedihovenetmros,am2n,ao4any,5cd-hoTneadvcsleepumrsbaiaeoyenonafnwddtahusteeomstpkaodiontiehs.oaenn2do,3am,k7u,8c(o2-Tu14sC4Dm).DemScbporneactnauemlasitndioaennvtealoswpateosd in 2
6 1 3 2 2 Chronic Toxicologic Effect
2,4,5T-TheanmdaijtosriTtyCoDfDdactoanatavmaiilnabanlet idnurthineglittheeramtuarneudfaecatlusrwinigthphroucmesasn. exposure to
TwoawehiH4nxrdy1Chovepvp8riaboDcoeeklilhcrsSrtrvDeuushttureeeht.rrsdshnrdekedesefaSiifrinnanetfokomatnefdnmiectdnaachft(rlnat2eaeoesonrd0.dltmedaphp6vpfsr4eaeoItocotrr)rinrorhcdesmcrtieeaenuetiovrdyetcdnelaeretoxwaailinbonunerpsatyngaymsosoa-tsStepoaoffeeefdurlfxfdrltotsimphec2kcytertoeha,eie4ymnsneeed,pedsf5cdpdflle-aiaolewiTrsonrcnnreayectewgatbsasels-sueseeuteeoedrstNl.vwwnrteienwmioadedgRatseeehelrenhsnitvaeenophecilrdsa1ocecwnool9aesotodoie4rnhmtldu8fhoceipiceseincxoanttafvhvcinwfrvoea(elndeoa2eslscdovrssc0tr1eaesu6wmdrf9vcl4oiao6anis)aurti9fkl.enlhun.sMavodiyanatafTsoilbtocw1unmheeno9emseotin4sawsra,.t9csnkrmetaiteuoaenroTroldncrcsnhicylwgaugiee2rdgodcx,oere4oofipu,nkan,nn5opmgetsls-.syrtiTiiessolltdlifbeedsitrotionhf
occpssctthht1iihuwhhoriie9mmssebnllr4ettooiesejodol8merrelosrAriiaaxcwntnyypttmiccposgoisonnftooonotohoeews1afferlef9nnleaiv2ucaodt6dcllhe,hlwpis9fe4srglowrpof,-osh2e5rauweuortqoa0-nhrparsTecg4uadkccrcmGendsoneeupitnlor1nIeeurortasa6ndnrdlortc3l(yeietradsys4tvadtaoitu7ciiintiicdpnlni.ocolist1oruectnnie%nirtghatutophfhenlarelnosooe)lceodixa.r.frefliipmsetrcncctwextoaAoaAovhehdpstnnosodlpieeooitrotlhsdmplvrrsknyb.eioeerase,loytdodlatcrarooAbxnssSnegrtugiiecruydnmiyirtfctonesrioaaakuco2nteuntttrhoip,ifiqnehp4dscsl.ulso,du.eay5ouee7rp-Pnlse4afal8TTpaeath.cn6ss8eslehmny%dyutsrp%leoseeenerrisirHGmconlesioipaosdteIegefallwtfruxhnaithttsettcanutttrzheextshsatsbuinea,.ceoeseonItmtnubxrtefsoCgiaupuixuninatltpsolboalhcan(ysompsj2nectedeessir0ehoadopocesrd6atmtncdlse5spargiwoaraaa)irrrgnwnmasticooernisissttbiouvnioosettsnlhepewuvcrr.eoanieio.pmiazblppftaleeTtvheoendedldefrhotrdcedowassteevb5uiesasee2yp3dnfttel.o6rreod7noenf7fap%ovmntieltuiniyhodbroueidfso
nccCNaaenohonrdnedt-mrdipeKoaixsifvlrcypfaaaecnosmrlhecseirueeiannvdrltcaorecr(uiDsco2sdm0owdi1swspiye4seasro)aetrersemiddesmfee,oposrnulgcdsoar.niytsisdobeotreerbaodsdieenldttrawthisred,egesteemnihnnoceuatoactlnhlostaiteuhgrnsnosdotlimfufihgdceereaymmopnubaatplptnrylia.odcnvydcaeTeoriehsiynsroetrrferidrcxtooaeoplmrtnoisgots,rrnteoorh,duelepnpptuasgoollempwn2du,hoei4lsrnea,ea5natali-rosTytpene,osdaptoatiesusfdeDtla4haosf6teoewi0nor,0ina.
invesTtihgeatemdorbtyalOitytteextpearl.ie(n2c0e24o)f, 20P4eresmonpnleolyeinesvoolvfead2f,o4r,5a-tTlemaasnt uofnaectufurilnl gyepalranint was
61-24 2,4,5-T w2frrPlAc2aianrehe.n,ein4ot3vsvtlder.mauho,oe5xs7lrlalon-,y,tvat8lenso<heesc-diTnidndnes0Tleve.eCio1wlipmennfxowDrwootonfrsteoDeradheakretrnlsuehe6eedaeect.eclx2nhpftpt2oipalvmiiooa-urmvonimntnrreensegitonundte7f/hanmrtr5tahtwieio%mitgian3.yommehlelnlr-myDono,Ne4e1stf-xeusepo9cednpxst5hhxitheopa0cpleeseodoarlozuertsvelsiomvroeenereepdirdgene1,lshsncp9eteaot71oowonnrhm19sdodaeio62toxsrdwt9i,ryaheo4oetwanre,arbf5hcresloe-iiievattgrTstfetylikhiuolenaceorrbelcsdeevfsaluantudfetcbaetwaordisjcdnaueilett,taecedcgshrae.tdhwassswiu2,nntoiDtrie,ngnor4oirtiecnk,dnshe5lgbitiueeon-rcoeTdaifgtbbsmhitntn2siufelunoeoigo,it4fdrgrntire,oiyvst5tcetn.nlheie-eymmdToasrowAbseepiefc.nelnlltvyosoreehoineym-adNai,bcrmsneioperuswnnoinelttcoc1occantaler2ryiaduttakaiesdintomeeeteiegirfsnosodosnenn.oasntfhds wwshs5d2(Ca2u0-iuoiosr0gt-ertcrh81gtikopro41eRtemoi2cos)crry.ye,tahs3iapetsn;l,otaoo7ofAgimrrfhorr,t8ostoonaam-spwptoTioachoosfeCoonstefvfhlaumdnDeisgefenroomoDetg,lfu4sh,.toacr(eownorsTtftc2mEieMCusop,raas4dbmPealouc,liit5)nheenatr.d-ses.ieToanarip-nwrtn-ngBIaoeid.tengoxriotrisvtthpnehehcieCod,dooseuomoworexatmfendppoelsedtpaoushcbrasltofetiaeeunisshsbddoyeodtrrynoroutwec,ttosvreaoseaoeelmrernvtabeciooelpltyoyehfaormdsleeeu0oe1pravdn.0ft0i,ith5dd2e7rnaws,te%4deinomse,eaeds5darieuo-ocetxoTebhlfaconkyssestgoee,nahsirsHssro3egtcwo(tesrodoo(nnin2msnefcek.2ra9ehrato,to%aafhmm4oilrsnib,r)zaaeDeilos1nndioog9fcdfwn7oUlwti5naHp..hnSttCoiaait.sschlmsTpahfeuirhmeimbencrweraoaiioneclmteuraesedasl,) itcrnieosdsnsuuutlaseWttmsrsoyiaanrrrfkaceretooircmmosonanu1sos(i9i2fdn50eg0t4rhe12etdo),4.h,q1e5uH9r-T7bea0si,rctdiitwodreneeilclrsahebamlnloreadreyopsSpiobnahrecneteendrdsoietdlsrtepooonomrtnhipfsabiievcbenaellettiieaaovfcno6her-lfootothfrhlaodhetpehh2irnieb,g3cnihr,co7eeild,ar8esi-neiTnduCcSsierwDdriseesDknd.wceenaTs'oshdfeluossnmeofebt er winicthreaaseqduersitsikonfancatiorre. and any error in recall by 2 of the subjects would remove the Tp6-hheefnoEoilndxrciykrinesaasccosriendedas.esertisaiknl. wt(h2ae0s2rr5ies)lkactooendffsitroomft2e,td4is,5stuh-Tee,sSsawirlvceeodxmis,hachfinilnodrdoiinopgxhsienn(-2oa0lsn4,d12)f,u4ar-nDadn-arfenrpdeeoorhttehedrebraicides. 2ioeciIgnntxo.rf4compwt.l3u5uoh4appA-sdes5oeseu.dTodnswnctouhicdTa3tvdua.en7hedyrdd0sorNspe7ateienthe3onmsrac7dnfetpsToots(leartCto3mhtmoy6ieDesf.epxe3tDedlipmn%cosouayibcs)esmle.loyecxyeadbnpsDretsoarritiosginomaewnogdittifnefhhCi,atpeceonhsarttsehnei2saglmtel,mnb4rwidb,aice5riiiantft-chlhfdcTiedi,iferpveoaseiirunnsnehwinfdcgoaadaennndtssa,thnn2wbcedoc0oiuerey3ntraa1swestonihsduiceofveotovcoercnueisraoarcnbmteacdileopolyeoxnntbnpidg(oego2bietnfs0wenfwse6etidewtri6wteae)henlhnt.eotimnalteThtfachoeehltoxerfheonptortwttoshesrmusoesoeurtalvgrttiegewroyronootu.oupps
2,4^-T
61-25
csatelMtiminhhuexlksaacrpseaeorttlpllofafeyoeoTsossia.ccunrhhrshctmrmooeeueToeduwdapachlptwetcdarieoioduotaoafisnpbtnslosihibaeomninfibrtegoiioailfioohrntenottemnfvirgdoaipaen.tssssleehcisptrxnweioigMifgdpfncroeoafeooiaarraratnsulmeetmtfecbhpdoideeociaerfdanrtaimfotdilunoocwfaabardnun,tteas2lhidptatsoad,ew4hitnnorneea,ees.5eedxalen-sspofTnocbbocoie.iracnsitfpnuusidhhdfeGvrpieadaaceeacaalsiityranotatti,deoionlncgendiaacadanntltgoheeefedcanerfdefotcsncfsnitnatebahasscwuylineoismiaedctnfBflrlebaeacengcafetlorttlhadrcensoredoe.fugoartxinesjntfcsai.InadoeinnmsisnsstdtAmsaaseaittvllgnnerfaoirtodnamdtliretycpuiamsdMuohahlhllfeatoocoifnutgaoDwnriorhonrmoaexnatdlwcyaihlsnylatweaeisacfolfiogonilstndrrrsko(sop2aueafaw0rpln6asasd8tse)s. The highest exposure to 2,4,5-T occurs in worker\s involved in manufacturing and
spraying the compound. In New Zealand, herbicide sprayers work mainly with backpacks or conduct boom spraying from vehicles. Most of subjects were involved with spraying for 4 to 6 months each year. Protective clothing was usually disregarded and the sprayer became drenched in the chemical daily. Smith et al. (2067) investigated the reproductive outcome among these New Zealand herbicide sprayers and their wives. The study group consisted of 989 respondents and each pregnancy outcome occurring between 1969 and 1980 was classified according to whether or not the father sprayed 2,4,5-T during the year of the pregnancy outcome, or the previous year. The relative risk estimates of miscarriage, stillbirth and congenital defects among the 2,4,5-T sprayers were not statistically significant. cswcbsbAAalrippooareavobbrrrnettismiooanaarwetoyrreyrgdAeewttsoionniiepailoooafnngpohnnnsactnpiAoorghtsldRtIhenhfitelhnciaaestnaa2edsretintg.itni,aSese4buiSx,cotp,utmipT5inIocoOdtfn-oabhinoTendrntl(eretnlh2.egeaytrrcg2aextneethoo2nsTeosifn6wefeogohop)o.nuaerfhe.souasitsnosfustTcUisptThaAdchpahAolSeayhsbniennEteobeoessavtatotePoraleruSariwtunAnezwditpasseoteihyoo.todno"eiaanwnmnunatbtsiiRiEsratsetpoReiahtnnaPraoaaiacttetbnAlaiteaweoawootendlguanrelIcaynsItrsnosoatin,eedniousAmdsobinsectitgeubtsxglaehunuxtwsonsoadidaeorifaunaafyndetifisncgdibddcoah(d2ioaorrnnntrnsnteegstthptptfotReilraeotoosyaparhtaenr3seyraetthhostaeieeshnmanidkdorgtvgeaIoenhoenlitsinaenp1noidtrpdbltah9ehJaeaaet7ecxtstutnseh2yetgnncnca-iwertsr1elernnuhiao9en.nsmdesuzx7sigeinpp7ibTpAifnonieionhnrlSofcrscstueelpefoeh2urotddoadehwa,dcf4neloeeaot,sIbtr5doosItmaoiru-.rrnTefs"daettlehtuenyauthosrrhtdeuibieayosal)nn studyMsiulbffyiceietnatll.y (f2la2w27e)d ftoounmdaktheethsteatsitsutidcyalomf entohoudseanind hbuamsicandersisigknasosfestshmeeAntlss.ea II eTorisrhgtdheeertrHssouioafnswrpweee1anv9nye7sosir9,ow,npfbocaawrasstnaeuacsdlrelelloi2sef,nd,t4e.i,drt5rh-iaeTgnaAdtainlosadnellaictrasIenIgeaissslttstuerdraasnyti,dounEsoesPtdhfAoefrroirshwseuwaretebdeeirdcaiwdnaeanesydmsc,oebtrnrugutraesfhisnnciacynnogdnsut2rhs,op4ole,m5ni-nesTsiofnoo(9rr9eis2tt)ss.,
61-26 2,4,5-T 6133 Levels of Concern cTdcAoishorfhsDniiunle1sdIek0uTdrOicmenhmornHgepamgletaw/NeikanRosagldAntte/hefdSfrlroeaoo-,ArfyNnmebdgtRfnawv-odtcsCiroeesrerodidnlm(rDi2oktioeeg1oinsnars3ssnge)oaadowfnnrisfedla8iaccft01oceemo00cmrtnie.imctfjmpiaieggteTmea//aknLhbeingdnexld/efeapdoAdtoaduresyDadpaub.iIlrowycteotwoashinnta3oecsts0reafhnbkomd1taerar0sgtia0e-(/ltkyt0Adei,gorDa/oanmdnnIsads)oyuatfonhm7if7nd0ei0n1rnjl0g0oiaognt-2/jsgiaLu.0g-dg%t//fvLeTdorearhmoroyesffaeade-2Utnxehu,df4Spelft,Eoe5stsc-Pout(Tt3Aral7eeiln4shv2eaf)los.r averaBgoetshoOf S1H0 Amg(/3m5339fo)ratnhdisthheerAbiCciGdeE.H (3005) have, established time-weighted613.4 Hazard Assessment optfoobrrestmeshre2uevn,l4ecat,deot5ix-ootTinocfsixtitisyhocifaosef2fmhf,e24iegc,,4m5hts,-l5bTy-aeTnrtaodroxaeilfccoocntonchenofe.ontauctmahnmldionsirnaoiatnpentdhteerwmnpoiratxehyytabvtfaeaiormynrieinlsoygpfooltnefhvsheiebelaslrevboaifcfioliard2be,s3lsoe.,7md,8Cea-toToamCfwmDtihteDher.criaeTlgahred ifcnIa(aniGAondunmdmedrRCqoipbCns3TuuouegHahpurbs(teFsn1ceDw2udocma5)etsafas.r0risfneca)coeeneiTsrncnoishmlgooumcaiegtlssvaaeeeslesUdnnis(nsf1tiiiSwcG6ei2noEis0etc,fy74Pra2ae,)ttA,n5oih4o-oauf,eTn5dtls2ih-emckT,aoeda4esirr.r,nwa5acairln-isilAasnTtydcetrolaath(gifcrht2teealicsoa0eonsiusnd1neiscbg9oisiniGth)egate,gyeneernnatdsssohnt2feeuia(n,3xisd2nl7a4yi,rGc4mm4ar2,,(rte5i5i2s)otna--.a1uTeTsvt4edpii2aodba)ni3sa.ntisshnl(eameociBdncifdaikdacosetidienehnenedtgecbqtey(uhsos2utaneoou0ftsfr2dfeeaai2ytcvldu)diaedam(aibn2toltoaauta1rb).t3nhsl6oeiu,nNwtmda2aeaada0gsltnel1aaoqn9t,wdiuo)vataeettade 2wscmi22nul0,,ie43ojrt0ae,h,vn657crik,A-v,t-T8Tecea2-duyCl0rTssta1aDwuCnn0t(gDie1Dg,dtgr6heDe3a0efs4toe27xto7rcef,)pg4t0.odoiem,,ln5snittAn3u-uiyaTc8ortnma6eweg(a3ii1fen(edn)f2r0n.avece00incerc2rteAtdims1sateyet)sgoc.otehr/rafkeerstig2nhaspea),iser4syec-od,gsdl5dreue-eufirnTintsnciepndtprhoigiavacananeatlgvsaiitomeeeeetsnefatbif2salweres,tc4eueaito,epnnss5xnrc-proioTlnee(dob2apsusirr0seoeca2drrttnb1tvisvueo)tede.ottgdismsvf1Tiitoemn0uurnhdtiermlayma3aggcrtiweso/mc,knreintggeirthc/s/sarkdpuib(garbobb1a/yundci6tttsuas0s(ieyo2t7fsa;an0,enn6dop2edo3co0op)fcs5u.uut8ts-rrh,nliNyGeaoteadl cpinhrirmtohnaAericcysutseottefoufldesec;ixetpsthonaseourteoreredaavtlioanLil2raD,ab4Wtl,se5o-afTftor2lie,n42vd,,e54ul-,sc5Te-osTifs.a1tlai0Dsxtmieeapd,gr/seakkssgis/n8ido2ani0ryroimatfnagdtb/ikooagndb,yfooavwrcenetie(hg-2hel0itk2re2gata,1ria(n65s0h1w7))a.a.sndFthebewlood
2,4,5-T
61-27
TtmtahhghueeeelntdmiDptpearavlneeteasulaeofngoapecncmnteutehrsonuifntimngdoaiafnpodxrsdeioonxicfttpeicosotosnis.nsusttruaoEemex2tips,ona4oar,s25ncu,-ot4rTsm,e5spai-tTrsaseeracalefmlru.oeodfnTedtegehcnreleiesvxpaeepordoosdtsrpueleyrddliiimncewhesaoaarirtrinlikayodecnirtfcersaoorti(mfez2et0ahde1nxe1ap,ecnoxa2dscu0ues4drsa1uest,eidvr2iuets0ork2i5nf)go.r
s(t2i0ll6b6iEr-xt2hp0o6as8nu)d.recotong2e,n4i,t5a-lTdheafescatslsobubtesetnatilsintikceadllytosigannifiincacnretadseadtaraisrke olafcmkiinsgcarriage,
61.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS cdcairnooenupnnartrtltihynareDesoigsnieelsresntsearectacsrmaomo;mtmmpiepvilpxnmeeletlaersecfttainioeesoclddultnldieecowcdhonstiaiftmaomohs2neif,pnt4fshlia,eea35nolm-0dddaTsnpd.bsdlctaelooayslrnnsaa.skcbhgesoeo,nIr.untadrltudaaSoptdroiblydoiilecinataasinctoneoanidsnml,ytswpsaoioslnae.ittdlteheraCesdnpastdiwarakmeriewtgdhpiaesilttnmeeersrdea7qatrsrurdeaieiaqcmreyuecsspdiorllomeeltssefoa,cysctpqaoeburmdlelaeepvlicilesnttipynnioegtgnclaliaofsonissesdfdeas dsv8uvcdrcchBeppt(Eprehetoo1ooneeoerePhi.meln5rrtrllotgkfcuauyecaoilAb0vc.anvuomttcl,msm,eieEruioavtoscldreaMooniaetwsiPeearutudtcimrenditvehAnidmeroe,oo(dddeeeteicerg-fas,mfthrsatsh-grrn5othamsopsaauloyoid0auamoaycdnpps.fe9trmlrdsriishrtthtpaeinBicort,hhnonipnelhsgoc8c)eeavsg;ealiox1spesnesataroui(25,maetdedcoGelsrcle,d0icilhteoa4qedorsieCwpmp,otfe)mu(apn5ahir,Mupp)ifnoe-nehttyoopalrTtdtidhtdcledcroheoorronemotnixaiuemi8asdlchabofiftsun2mnouxoteetfhmdmdi5teyiryotdrnamhye0hrycearnttdteheoysaese5ee.or(xfasnalrcl0ccu6oyftfinvfaft9ooedrsl3nTeieasoy2rpasBnrr)1nlshrtm,hneeycta)i4eetaelshcnseeelrlohie,nist,art5noecsdrserGeodbs-eu.ittorsTrisieTesCab,dmtbc5aplh2tnyiheeae0touihde,saencceeer9r4iseetaltodsentgie,Byasrnndni5lsarfsuociaaepsg-irminnidlemTar(slmdre(ycyi1rimedMaecpitvlsno)p4ftyuiisiioainecpaf2elsmeedorteciznlo2tdis2ertecottazohc)tedeeh,onit.mpc4odbaxndieneiusr,dnnytrtg5edaorrPo(idwait-aua3ggn8trhaTcsilicchr1cai2jsneigtaottadoes6huerc5eniircmnvn8weboin0ectsfsiamv)ns)ttoemhtaa.an..eeoydd(hrrtmorqqMeemoyvtEeddauurAIopcmdelndeeeehnxlearddiiettaatenocslcorntohedlltnuoetotlybocmiyotrlstvfmstsysythgiozsodaiiaaoefroesernsaitprera,adrcnnamr8gtixapaeooimaaac1sx(trsawthgeulasrMo5.iapgxrymsaopilo0ctetatvl/cnete)ehlfrmBnefpeutetssoaaehtnaohutrtarcdshheofntirtismtiunocyesdseeuwwrrcblsdspelsoaieudtersashdmhotnee.ndir pMreepthaTorhdaetsioE8n1P5oA0f pathnrodecse8ad2mu5r0pelse(6re3ex)ctodrmaifcfmterenSfrdooelimdd fstoharme2pa,l4qe,us5e-aoTruesanipnariltyoisacilesldyiunerxestsoriaplcratiemnddarwwiliyathsitne tshaemples,
61-28 2,4,5-T
caocnetcoennetr/eattheydl aenthderthuensindgeraivwatriizset-da.ction shaker. The solvent extract is washed,
Sdpt(o3ierr6poec4cacoe0Irtnnd,)acutaoeiarconrdecntsduhrsiraidtgafiteoohetsrenc,ppratheaionbrneaefndtoldohyraxtemailycsbm-aaoaonlecvocditeedfhe.fotelheidrqresmurhbididiginechsacicedthrireroisbonamensidnaaaltayaroteqbgiucortavaehlopee,uhpnssyroemslc(ai3aidsm2di-9opep4nhlb,eayst3she2(tah36ne6i1xn4)tt-.0hrlaa,eyTc3etdh2ireo9ernc4sihev,hra3maot2ismze6atba1htt)eioo.oegdnnrsauapsrheeyd
waaacqqahuusieeenToovouuyetpsdsiicssniaaandlmmiac2ppa,lgl4teeei,ssv5de-a(TniwnndadasMnet1taeeelsnyct,hgstiiso/soogdniwlfs8iol,li2rlme5vtni0catos.r)bnytu-ahawtraqeiwttuhoscehuaoionlundwssbtnbrseuaebmmoeibnpelotnlawtethisn..seeednArTashiinntdeigevewtiateacoyctsftutaieao1nwln-d1ad0tlmeiemtraesitctgrtai/iLxfnoodnrefoffn2lrei,om4cnt,i5st.-T
Aqueous Detection Limit 20..000f2i-g0f.L01(Mnge/tLho(dM8e1t5h0o)d 509B)
Non-Aqueous Detection Limit 13 ig/g (Method 8150)
REFERENCES tNhoetye:apTpheearnoinnstehqeuemnatisatelrnbuimblbioegrsraopfhyth. e references reflect the order of references as
17. GTWooixlskiscienolsilnoC,gyoR.o.Ef ;CSommimthe,rcRia.Pl.;PrHododucgtes,, H5t.Ch.;edB.rBadaldtoimcko,reJ:.ET. h1e98W4.ilClialimniscaalnd 23. YHoarwkl:eyV, aGn.GN.o,sctrda.n1d9.81. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 10th ed. New 34. Mackay, D. 1979. Finding fugacity feasible. Environ. Sei. Technol. 13:1218-1223. 35. M15a:c1k0a0y6,-1D01.;4.Patterson, S. 1981. Calculating fugacity. Environ. Sei. Technol. 36. Mackay, D.; Patterson, S. 1982. Fugacity revisited. Environ. Sei. Technol.
16:654A-660A 38. GMO.caPcc.ukOpi.saotDnio,HnFaH.lWSH.(;eNaSIlttOrhiScGoHfuf),idPReu.lSbin.l;iecsPaatfiorortnriCdNghoee,.m8Lic1Ja-.1l,2HJ3r.a.z1a9rd81s.. WNIaOshSiHng/tOonS:HUA.S.
2,4,5-T
61-29
51, VSaaxn, NN.oIs.tr1a9n8d4. RDeainnhgeorldouCs oP.roperties of Industrial Materials, 6th ed. New York: 54. SNiettwig,JeMrs.ey1:98N1o. yHesanPdubboloickatoiofnTs.oxic and Hazardous Chemicals. Park Ridge, 59. LPTieobexrriacroRyloeovgfiyeMwDeaCdtaoicmiBnmaen'istkteM(eT.EDDBL)ADRaStasbyastseem1,9N84a.tiAonvaalilaLbilberatrhyrooufgMh etdhieciNnea,tioTnDaBl 63. oWUf.SaSs.oteElidn-vPWirhoaynsstmicea,elnUtCa.Slh.ePmEroPictAaelctMionethAogdesn,cSyW1-988426.,T2ensdt eMde.tWhoadsshifnogrtoEnv,aDlu.aCti.:ngOSffoilcied 213. 3N.aWtioansahlinRgetosena,rDch.CC.:oNunactiioln(aNlRACca)d1e9m77y. PDrreisns.king Water and Health, Volume 295. Underground injection control programs. 40CFR144 298. Air contaminants. 29CFR1910.1000 309. Constituents prohibited as other than trace contaminants. 40CFR227.6 325. Hazardous wastes from non-specific sources. 40CFR261.31 347. Designation of hazardous substances. 40CFR116 355. Federal Register 1980. Water quality criteria documents; availability. 45:79318. 511. A0EH7na6mvt,aireyPotaBhnmo8mad0,e-n2fHo2tar.1Kl0d.0R;e5teC.esrehmaerninc,hinJgJL.a;tbhdoeerVactoeomrrayp,,aEtCi.biRnil.ci;tinySntoaeftpi,hhaeOnzHasr,.dRoE.uDsP.;AwSaRstrteeopsm.o,rMtDu6.nL0i.0c,/i2p1-a98l800-. 533. (C7o5u/4n4c0il/EoEfCE-uOrJopLea1n94C, 2o5mmJuulynit1i9e7s5D).irective on Drinking Water. 16 June 1975. 534. DCoeucenmcibl eorf 1E9u7r5o.p(e7a6n/1C60o/mEEmCu-nOitJiesLD31i,re5ctFiveebrounarBya1th9i7n6g). Water Quality. 8 535. SCuobusntcainlcoesf.E4urMoapyea1n97C6o. m(7m6/u4n6i4ti/eEsEDCi-rOecJtiLve12o9n, 1th8eMDaiysch19a7rg6e). of Dangerous 537. SChoeulnlfcisilhoWf Eatuerros.p3ea0nOCctoombmerun1i9t7ie9s. D(7i9r/e9c2t3iv/Ee EoCn-tOhJe LQ2u8a1l,ity10RNeqouviermedbeorf 1979).
61-30 W -T 538. C19o7u9n.c(i8l Go/f68E/uErEoCp-eOanJ CL2o0m,m2u6nJiatineusaDryire1c9t8i0v)e. on Groundwater. 17 December 540. IC1n9ot8ue0nn)dci(eladmoffeonErduHerdoupmbeyaann81CC/8oo5nm8s/umEmuEpnCtiti)oi.ens 1D9i8r0e.ct(i8v0e/7R7e8l/aEtiEnCg-tOoJthLe22Q9u, a3l0ityAoufguWstater 541. o8Cau3mo/su2enn6Sc4dui/eblEdsoEtabfCnyEcaeDunsri.dore2p8c7et3ai/Jvn4ue7lsCy8/7oE19m9E/6m7C66u3.).n/(Ei7tEi6eC/s7;6D98i/2rEe/E8c0tCi6v-/OeEEJoCnL;2M86a22r,/8k22e78ti/nESgeEpCatne;dm8b3Ue/2sre641o/9Ef7E6D;Caa;nsger 542. WCoausntec.il2o0fMEaurrcohpe1a9n78C. ommunities Directive on Toxic and Dangerous 611. sMaoniedlas.ncasE,rnbJvo.iCxry.o;-nW.suSobcosi.tdi,tTuSetc.eGhdn.;poHol.lya1ns6sue:c9tlt3e,-a9Jr8J..a;roBmanawticarht,ydWro.Lca.r1b9o8n2s. bSyorspedtiiomnenotfsaamnidno659. Veusnatcilmuereatsatiiwonn.er(eSeesetiImnatrtoeddubcytioAnr,thVuori.D1.).LVitatlleu,eIsnoc.f ulessinsgthKanowonaes tahree bvaersiys of 786. L8Ca4mao/bu2een9nl1cdlii/enlEdgEobfoCyfE, 7Pu19re8/os8tpAi3cep1iadr/nEielEsC.1Co92,8m641m)J5.uuOnneictti1oe9sb7eD8r.ir1(e97c78t9/i6v;3e811o//En1E8C7C/laE-sEsOiCfiJ,ca2Lti2oA0np6,r,iPl2a91c9kJ8au1gl;yina1gn9da7n8;das 787. ALMC7O5auoca/butg4roeun0cblh9scleiti/nlEr11go9E917foC69077fE;,;9uD71,ar41a8so/n31pJag/4uem4e4al6ry/neo7Enu/1ECEd9seCE7odS5mC,;ub2m,b7y92s6ut9/6nMa99niJ0ta/ciu78reel/1cssyE/h.EDE12E1Ci97r9C8,e73Jc,13)ut;.01inv97eDe3Me/1o1c9na4e6r6m7cC/.hEbla(Ee61srCs97i6/f,15i99c24;7a586t7/i;E0Jo/unE71n,98Ce/9P8/a3-E1c19OEk/7EaCJ3gE;,iLCn11g,496a1,5nd16 806. bMS(CyiberHrlairoEciuglMlrseaLFpaRAhneiTces,EedaS,aryDtcrahaAbcaTCussAeoerL.ppONroerYGpaat,ir1oBe3nd2I.O1a10Ln9.dO85Gm. )Ea.innCvtaiorimnonepdmutebenyrtiazSelydrFaanctuuemseDerRaitceasaeBnaardcsehs Corp. 808. Jt1ru3ar:cy5e,73Wo-r5.g7Aa9.n;.icSspienncseoril,:Wm.F.A; pFpalricmaetrio,nWo.Jf.sc1r9e8e4n. inBgehmavoidoerl.aJs.seEssnmviernotn.mQoudaell. for 992. oFregdaenriacl cRheegmisictearls,19in8o5r.gNanaitciocnhaelmpirciamlsaraynddrimnkicirnogorwgaatneirsmresg.u5l0a:t4io6n9s3;6.synthetic
2,4,5-T
61-31
1118. TChome pBernitdisihumCr7otph Pedriottieocnt,ioWn oCrtohuinncgi,l C1.9R8.3;. WThalekePre,sSti.cBid.,eedMs,anLuoanl:doAn,WEonrgldland.
1210. eLNnaevswkirooYwnosmrkkie,:nDVt .aACno.;nNwGoaosytrr,inaRng,d.ACR.,.Aeei.dnL.h;oEMlndcvCiCraool.nl,mPeJn.t;alSwRaisnkn,ARna.Lly.si1s9f8o2r TCehrermesitcrailasl,
1219. Values were estimated by Arthur D. Little, Inc.
1244. sGOeaclertoctrtbeeeldrl, e1Ml9e7Jm8.;en-CtSrseaapuntned,mJob.tCeh.re;rP19co7hd9er.mebJia.craAalscss,ionDc..iSnO.f;afnfG.tuAannnddaelr.tsoCodnhd,elmeEr.Lt6.o8t1:a89l48d25i-.e8tP61esas.tmicpidleess.,
1245. s-GeSalerectprtteeeldml, ebMleerJm.;1e9nC7t9ra.auJnn.d,AJos.tCsho.e;cr.PcOohdferfmebAicanaralaslc.,inCDha.Sedm.u;l.tG6tu8on:t8ad2le6rd-s8ioe7nt5,.saEm.Lple1s9.8O5.ctPoebsetirci1d9e7s,8
1250. International Agency of Research on Cancer (IARC) 1982. Working Group on tMHhueomnEoavgnarsal.upSahutsipoopnn. o4tf.htGeheeEnvCeavalaur:caitWnioonogrelondficHthReeaislCkthaorOfcirCngohageneminziaicctaioRlsni.stko oHfuCmhaenms.icIaAlsRtCo
1422, EAxmaemriicnaantioPnubolficWHaetaerlthanAdssWocaisatteiwonate(Ar P1H6thA)ed1.98W5.asShtianngdtaornd, DM.eCth.:odAsPfHorAt.he
1607.
VtMIhnoetolen.rEon1vga5ar.taliuoGpanhetasinloeonAvnago:etfhnWtechyoeErflvCodaralHurRcaeietanisoloetnahgreocnOhficrCgoRaafnirsCickziaanntooicofgeneCrn. hi(cIeAmRRiicsCakl)so1tfo9C7M7h.eamWn.icoIarAlksiRntCgo
Group on Humans.
1650. AJonhnnosu, nRc.e.19In76d.exAi7r6:p1o3l1lu. t(iAons caistseedssimne8n0t6o)f ethylene dibromide. Gov. Rep.
1793. 3P7r3opFoisnaall.fo4rJaulCyo1u9n8c5i.l Directive on the Dumping of Waste at Sea. Com (85)
1850. aYtaosnoxsduoiccnEoigalno,tvgeAidyr,.oLdnei;nmovxCeiirnnaot.lacnRalmgeHnepnieo,atraJlttl.hANf.a;Lote.aT,bUhoaaSrnlaAkdteoFnhr,uyD,mCEBa.HEnro;Lor-Tiks7ksr8e-Amo9f2Fb,BHlaU,yer,.TSbJX.i.cW.Aidi.er1FO9o7rr8ac.neTgeOheacncudpiattsional
1852. EGnuvmirmoner.,SWci..DR.es1.98106.:3P4e5s-t3i7ci2d.e monitoring in the prairies of western Canada.
61-32 2,4,5-T 1856. mSanmidxittuhcro,emAs,b. ian1n9edd79.f.iWeSldoeeipldeprResriesssti.setn1ecn9e:c1es6t5eux-d1pi7ee0sr.iwmiethntstrwi-aitlhlat[e14aCn]d2t,r4if-iDurainlinhebrobtihcidsianlgly 1857. aStedwykaerlta,nDd.Kso.Ril..;BGulula. iE, nSv.O. .Co1n97ta7m, P. eTrosxisitce.n1c8e:2o1f02- ,241-D8., 2,4,5-T, and dicamba in 1859. PPTHClehaearnronsb,mtiisscptieSsdnooecnisle;,s,oDPPf..Gr2Co.,c;h4.o-SDw1t1etapahnnhddeWn2Cso,o4.rnk-GD,shrPGaon.pRitn,.o;efnodSrsCoe.lshotBemrrmyaoinansntd,rdoyKna.,aRgnMr.d;icaSuBnkliittoeuopcrbhaaaesl:tmssR,iosAetirslsK.y. S.oHtfn1e9.r8bA4ie:g.riAc.ct. 1860. FECoShraLcn-eTneERl!n-,8g3Rin-.5eE6e..r;inSgtodanddartS,eTrv.Lic.es19L8a4b,oHraetrobriyc,idTeynodraanllgAe FmBo,nFitLor.inRgepporrotgrNaom.. Air 1862. stFhorueaitnrhkeu,rsnRe.;OinSnietraloernviose,,nGCaaJgnr.aicd1u9al8tu01.9ra7Cl5h-w1loa9rt7eo7rp.hsSherneiod. xsTyoantaandldtEhcnehvilriorroloonsb.se1nt5oz:o1si4tcr9e-aa1cm6id7.wheartebricsidines; 1863. dMFerocaonnniktt,oarRmin.;ignSaJitroioounnrsn,oaflGw1J3.e;:l1lR2w0ipa-1ltee2yr7s,. Bin.DO.n1ta97ri9o.,HCearnbaidciade19c6o9n-t7a8m. iPneasttiiocnidaensd 1864. JhWReraBbshicAinidsgsetosocnaia,ntdDesCas1.s9Po8cB1i.a8tRe2de-1v4die7iow4x1io4n.fs.liPterreaptaurreedofnorhVerebtiecriadness, Aindcmluidniinstgraptihoenn,oxy 1865. 2aWg,4rh-iiDctuel,itnuArrWauln.w,oafJftre.f;rrsoAhmesmdp.ulJos.stesEnnr,evLcireEoivn.;i.nHgQausuiamsl.eur5l,a:4tEe8.d7W-r4.a;9i0nT.fuarllnbaunldl, fJr.oWm. a19s7m6.alLl oss of 1866. ELcooktkoex,icHo.l. 1E9n84v.irSonor. pStaiof.n8o:3f9s5e-l4e0c9te. d organic pollutants in Danish soils. 1867. cAMDSoosicescsChfeifesbaitsculymilre,gfenPoentrrJst,.:.T;HBFeSrosJwatu.inanrsn1tgoh9nn8,aC,1nR,oDd.nPL.MRfr.e;e.ar;dLetieDncartcsiiickeaok,lonsswA.oosSnkfT,ic,MKhD.em.SLATi.,c;PaeVld7rms3.o7onA.baqiP,luihtSayi.ltAaiicdn;eTlsUpoohnixligiacfe,rorol,PomSgA.yMsoAa.r;nmpdteiorHincaaznard 1868. nEM-nbavujiktryaol,nJe..sTQte.u;rasCl.ihne1n1sog:6i,l5sH0-f.6Ho5l.l5;o.wMincgNemaal,ssBiv.Le.a1p9p8li2c.atMioonbitloityfieolfd2m,4i-nDi-laynsidm2et,4er,5s-.TJ.
2,4,5-T
61-33
1871. Chearsboinc,idRes.;. RPreoecd.,OLkWla.. A1c9a7d7.. CSchie.m57is:t1r1y6o-1f1t8w. o clay systems and three phenoxy
1872. cRhaadpoasrervailchve, gSe.tRa.t;ioWn inantedrlsino,il.WW.Le.ed19S7c7i.. P2e5r:4si2s3te-4n2c5e. of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T in
1873. ThWMmeroaraenbnmsitiatcebogildreaDimeyni,sgeopJnrof.taWosnarP.gl;r,2eaB,V4cdrt-oiioDsclwp.e,son32.s,,aA4,Dl,In5.omPn-pTp.e,A,arTcraatbnthiodooormnf,dsaLiM.ose,xPIgi:oTinsjAJlaais.nnteink1os9,nuA8pR0rap.b.nBoodLr.r,taIneSomddcfp.-i,etblhenTamecsoeeexUdniPc.tSeuana.btnivlAoiidsrnihorHenoFrmansoz,eraDncIrnietdsacopl.uossal
1874. oG14fr:o22v,04e3-r-D,21Ri0s..;o-Sohcteywlcehsutker, Sa.fRte.r; Capepsslnicaa,tiAonJ.;toSamwithh,eaAt.Efi.e;ldH.uJn.tEern,vJir.Hon..1Q98u5a.l.Fate
1875. aGisliem, uJl.aDt.ed19w8h3.eaRtefliaetlidv.eAaricrhb.orEnnevilroossne.sCoofnctaomm.mTerocxiiaclol2.,41-2D:46fo5r-4m6u9l.ations from
1876. hBearubri,ciJd.Res..; ABrocvhe.y,ERnv.Wiro.;n.MCcoCnatlal,mH. .TGo.xi1c9o7l.3.1T:2h8e9r-m30a2l. a(nAds uclittreadviionle1t8l6o4s)s of
1878. OIHnWoteurRsitoTorn-,A,O-C0f.f5Wi0c-e.Ro1I9f,7NW5.TaBItSeiordNReoge.rsaePadBract2iho4n6ano2d7f3Ta.qecuhantioclopgoyll,uRtaenptos.rtRNepoo.rt to Dept, of
1881. 2P,a4r-kDeri,nLs.oWil.;efDfeocxttsadoefr,heKrbGic.id1e98c2o.nKceinntertaictsioonf. Jm.icErnovbiiraolnd. eQcoumalp. o1s1it:i6o7n9-o68f4.
1884. SCahtetamr,osMph.Ae.r;eP9a:a7s4i5v-ir7t5a2,.J. 1980. Fate of chlorophenoxyacetic acids in acid soil.
1885. lAMagbcreCilcal.eldlF, o2Po,J4d.,:5C-Vthrrieocmhnl.ao,2r9oS:p.1Ah0.e;0n-K1o0xe7yll.aecye,tiSc.Sa.ci1d98a1n.dF2a,t4e-doicfhulnorifooprhmelnyocxayrabcoenti-c14acriidn.gJ.
1887. hSmeribthic,idAe.sEi.n1S9a7s8k. aRtcehlaewtivaen psoeirlssi.stWeneceedoRf edsi.- 1a8n:d27t5r-i2-c7h9l.orophenoxyalkanoic acid
1889. SYhSyeeormiubbnpeicrogi,s,diJueA.smW.Lin..S, ee1tred9is8set.4s,.gT2rL5irdo9esn.a,gtWmf-iteaeelrnsdhmtipnaldgnoettdogs,nrDa,aidnsDapdCtoihos:aneAlrbsmotiufceidrPdiieceeassstnti-coCimrdaheagesemsWsiqaciutaseatlsen.sSt.oKitcAirieueCsteSyog.efrp, hRe.nFo.;xy
1891. uABsruegffoainnlongnteog,nIt,NrJa:n.DAsm.rgi1so9sn7io4nn.eAlNinsaseteisrosinmgaheltnsL-toafob-fwortaahyteoarenycd;oAlroeNgciLocma/ElmSc-eo3nn4ds.eaqtiuoennscfeosrosfuchherubsicei.de
61-34 2,4,5-T
1892. Ohiug,hL2T,4.-;DDaapvpidliscoanti,oJn.sM. .S;oRiloBtbiwolelBi,ioDc.hFe.m1.97180..4R4e3s-p4o4n5s.e of soil microflora to 1893. cAJDouminnsptkerro,oiscGlalaelAndo.Cf;whPaReteimescrthi-icacsaroiddlile,SsJoWyJcsi.tae;estmtyDe.ssa.,hKAmrC,uSPegASeyr.,m1Rp9.o8Fs4.i.;umDSeeigSbreearrdi,easJt.i2No5n.,9.oedfWsp.a,essThtirinceigadtteomsne,innDt Can; d 1894. dtFheoegurrdanedigearrta,iodJni.nCig.n;mrCeioclardotaifoclocniroatno.i,CthPhe.e;maSpoopspllihacsae,rtieGon.101r:a99t87e17s.-9aS8no4di.l tahdeapmtaettaiobnoltioc b2e,4h-aDvior of 1895. APUBr.Sl8i.n0gE-2tno1vn2i,6r6oV5nA.m:enStpaelcPiarlotPeecsttioicnidAe gRenevciyew19D79iv. .;2,4R,5e-pTo:rtPNosioti.oEnPDAo/cSuPmReDn-t801/.76, 1896. tKohxaicriety, Lo.f; hDeurbbiecyi,dePs..SB. i1o9r7e9s.eaRrcohle3o:1f1l-i1g5h.t and temperature in reducing the 1897. Sn(2ka,tu4ur,r5laa-tltrowivc,ahtYleor.rIso..;pJhZ.eeAnpogprx,iycR).a.FcGeo.t;oicdBaaCcuihgdehmamn.ad3n1,4:-G1a0m.L6i5.n-o11-09387,315..,6P-throicthollyosriospricaotelisniocfacid in 1899. dsBoeliuclsom.meE,pcoHost.ioPtix.o;incLomlit.zeE,thnNov.;dirsoDnfoo.rriSnafgof,.reH7c:.a2Ws0t4i.n-21g1958th.3e. Abedhsoarvpiotrioon,f poregraconliacticohne,maincdals in 1900. 2cCe.h4pa.a5tc-tieart.jreiAceh,plpDolr..KoEp.,hnevJnrir.o;oxnKy.ailMcbeaitcnicreo,abJciioJdl..;in4C4hs:o5aki1lr4ab-5by1a6art.yp,uAreMcu. lt1u9r8e2.oBf iPosdeeugdroamdaotnioans of 1901. sdGueubgyrs,aeqdSui.;negCntomdbiacrrceocabikoidnaoli,wpPno.p;ouFflao2tu,i4ro-nnDi.e,rC,MhJeP.CmC.oAs1p9ah8n3ed.reE2,f14f2,e5:c1-tT10o1ifn-1ctr1ho0es6s.-storiel.atBmeehnatvioonr othfethe 1902. WScai.lk1e0r:,15A1;-1S5m7.ith, AE. 1979. Persistence of 2,4,5-T in a heavy clay soil. Pestic. 1903. K2C.oa4nm.5t-sr,otlJr.EiSc.nh;vlKoirrioolnbp.ahnPeeno,ollJxuJyt.a.;)c:3eCt-ih2c1a.tatceirdjeaen, dD.cKhl.or1o9p84h.enMoilcsr. oBbaiaslicbLioidfeegSrcaid. a2t8ion(Goefnet. 1904. PK19sie8lbu2ad.noBem,iooJdnJea.g;srCacdehpaatatitcoeinraj.eoAef,p2Dp,4l..K,5E.-;tnrKviciarhmolonsr.,oMJ-p.Sihc.;ernoKboexiolylloa.gc4eg4t,:ic7S2.aT-7c.i;8d.Cbhyakarapbuarretyc,uAltuMre. of
2,4,5-T
61-35
1905. dARegocrsoiecmn.bpFeoorsgoit,dioACn.;hienAmlte.rxo2ap8ni:cd7ae0lr5,s-o7Mi0l9. a.1n9d80it.s2c,4o,m5-ettraicbholloisrmophbeynboaxcytaecreiaticinacviidtro(2.-,J4.,5-T)
1906. Ssinacvnhedmstifidigltta,rtaiMotin.o;snH.oiIflnttathewresnkb.yeJ,h.AaEv.;inovMriroaoafns.dfiiAeclhndl,aolbWeC.n;hilKemaent.tdr1u32p:,42, 8,A59-.-T310i97n8.3w. aCtehrrodmuraitnoggrsalopwhic
1907. S(C2uh,f4el,im5ta-.t,r3Ji2c.M:h2l.1o;8rSo-2pt2oh1ue.tn,oJx.;y)Taiceedtijce,aJc.iMd .by19a8n4a.eDroebcihclomriincraotioorngaonfisms. J. Agric. Food
1918. RSFfupi.rrDraeinn.s,tsgo:endHpesra,.orDBdbuoi.orcl1,toi9oNg8ni4ec.waulCsYeMhsol,eorcarkhin:nadaCntieoesnldmdvsiarSrooponfrmmiDnaegtiniocHtxaicanlormebAxoppcrotoiuLsounnardbes(o.BraaPantnoodblrauyrn.redyl,aRtAeed.;pdoKrioitmxi1bn8rs)o.uaCnghdo,ld
1919. aCnzducfzawteas,. JE.Mnv.;irHonit.eSs,ciR. .TAe.ch1n9o8L6. 2A0i:r1b9o5r-n20e0d. ioxins and dibenzofurans: Sources
1985. iFdeednetrifailcaRtieognisatenrd 1l9is8t5in.gHoafzahradzoaurdsowuasswteasmtea;nuasgeedmeonilt. s5y0s:t4e9m2;58g.eneral;
2006. mS(Aiietsboetcirictte,gdDeni.n;eL1ce6om0n7vp)eerrslieo,nEi.n1S9a7c4c.hGareonmetyicceesffceecrtesviosifahe.erMbiucitdaets:Riensd.u2c2ti:o1n11o-1f20.
2007. aHDcaeidvrerdionnigta,osLo6g.;8e:nS1ue1sn5in-s1e2arn2, .dM(eA.as1rl9yc7i1tee.mdCbiyrntyoo1gg6ee0nn7iec)siesffienctDsroofso2p,4h,i5la-trmicehllaonroogpahsetnero.xyacetic
2008. aiMncaid1ju6om0n7d)aDrr,oSs.oKp.h; iGlaolmiae,laJn.Kog. a1s9te7r4.. CMauntaadt.ioJn. Gteesnt eotf. 2C,4y,t5o-lt.ri1c6h:l4o6r0o-p4h65e.no(xAysacceitteicd
2009. oMYfoudatgearrti,cRuJ.l;etusW.ra2al1t:ws3oo3nr5,k-Me3r4s.0;.dBuerninsogne,xWten.Wsiv. e19o7c3c.upLaytmiopnhaol ceyxtpeocshurroemtoospomeseticaindaesly.sis
2010. NPaarttioAna, lSAumcamdaermyyaonfdSCcoiennccluesi1o9n7s4.WTahsehienfgfteocnt,oDfCh.er(bAicsidceitsedininSo1u6t0h7)Vietnam,
2011. sHaorcnocmhaar.,LPa.Anc.;etH8a2l1p4e:r2in6,8.W.E. 1981. 2,4,5-T, trichlorophenol, and soft-tissue
61-36 2,4,5-T 2013. 2R(A.i4ps.5,c-Jit.Wetdr.i;cinhCloh1r8eon5p0yh),eJn.oHx.ya1c9e7t6ic. Laicvider(e2n,4l,a5r-gTe)m. Jen. tAignrdicu.cFedoobdyCthheemhe. r2b4i:c2id4e5-250. 2014. KCrhaemmeicra, lCCGom. 1p9a7n0y., rMevidisleadnd1,9M74i,chHigeaanlt,hUonfpeumblpislhoyedeesDaextap.os(Aeds tcoite2d,4,i5n-T1.85D0o)w 2015. dUENon.oScv.u.i6rmEo0enn0nvm/Xtire-fon8ont4ram-l12e8C(n23rt,-ai41tl,e.5rP-CitarrioniactcenhicndlotnirAoaotnspis,hAeOesgnsHemon:xecynUy)t.S(pOU.rofSEfpEincioPven.iAriPoc)n.Bam81c96ied8-n15t(1.a27lD,94Pr2,5ri6n-o.TktePinc)tg.ioEwnPaAtAegreRcnrecipytoe,rrita 2019. 23M3.4u:.6r52a-6n-y6tir3-Ki3c.hovloarcosp, hI.e;nRoxuydaaclie,tiGc.a;cIimd bfoerrt,caJr.c1in9o7g6e. nBicioitayssianymoifce. Br. J. Cancer 2020. CI1.8o5u10r9)t7n0e.y,TKer.aDt.o;gGenaiycloerv,aDlu.aWti.o;nHoofga2n,4,,5M-T.D. .S;cFieanlkc,e H1.6L8.:;86B4a-t8e6s6,.R(.ARs.;cMiteidtchinell, 2021. 2TC.oo4xu.5irc-tonle.tyrA,icpKhpl.olD.r.oP;phMhaeronmooraxecy,oalJc..eA2ti0.c:31a99c76id1-4.0aT3ne.dra2t,o3l,o7g,8y-tsetturdaciehslowriot-hdibenzo-p-dioxin. 2022. Cc2Kh..o4Erc.o5.i;nb-iaGc,totrRroiczxJhei.cn;loistKrkyoie,payhnSedesJn,.;ooDnxM.ycGoaa.gch;eeltLeni,ciicsNoasw.cHtiude.d,;y(RS2o,.cW4hf,5w.r;-aeTttKs)z.,ailnFBngdi.enA.ssC.t,ino1R9sg.m7Pd9.e;.ite.DRtsTietcsotuoexnnlitctbsoaelio.rnf,i1nDa7g:.2tDw0.5o;--2yW2e1aa.rde, 2024. MeOntegtd,a.gMe2d.2G:4i.n;7-Ht5h0oe.ldmera,nBuf.Bac.;tuOrelsoonf,2R,4.,D5-.tr1ic9h8l0o.rAophmeonrotxayliatyceatincalaycsiids.oJf. eOmccpulopy.ees 2025. sEMarreickdos.ms3oa8ns:,2aM7n-3.d;3.Hexaprodseullr,eI_to; Bcheregm,icNa.lOs.u; bMstoalnlecres,:Ta.; cAaxsee-lrsoefne,reOn.t 1s9tu8d1y. .SBofrt.-tJi.ssIuned. 2039. EHnavyi,rAon.W. S.Mci.. 51:958829.-6E0x0p. osure to TCDD: The health risks. Pergamon Ser. 2041. e(HAxpasorcsduietrleled, Ltion.; p2Sh0a3enn9d)osxtryoamce,tiAc.a1ci9d7s9.orCcahselo-croonpthreonlosltsu.dBy:r.soJ.ftC-taisnscueers3a9r:c7o1m1a-7s1a7n. d
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61-37
2050, dOUEoC.HScAu.. mOEPBen-Cnvt8iIrN6fo-o-n1r4m11728e8,n.48t-E4da.nlicvPhirrlooorntoemcptehinoetnnaolAxCygarecinteectryiica(aUacnSiddEP(A2As,4s)e-Ds1s9)m.85eF.nintDaOrlinfDfkircianef,gtCwiantceirnncartiit,eria
2058. 2aH.n4ed.r5bM-oludTt,aoBgne.Anbe.;asicMste2ar:ci9ah1le-ma1n0ed1r.,mLa.;mRmoahlirabnorgne,rmG.ce1l9l8s.2.TMeruattaoggeenniecsiitsy, sCtuadrcieinsowgeitnhesis,
2059. Cacriadmaprteonb,ehMavAio;raRlloygteerrsa,toLgJe.ni1c98t3o. rLatosw. Edxopseersieonfti2a,43,59-:t8r9i1ch-8lo9r2o.phenoxyacetic
2060. b2S1eah1n:ad5ve9iro3sr-o5an9l,5e.Cff.eAc.t:sRinogcehrisc,kLenJs. a1t98e1n.vi2r,o4n,5m-ternicthallloyrorpehleevnaonxtyd-aocseetsi.c Sacciiedncceauses
2061. SGwreisesr-,WGe.bSs.te1r97m7i.ceT.hAerekfafnecsatss oAfca2d,4e,m5-ytriocfhlSocrioepnhceenPoxryoaceceedtiicngascid3 o1n:46.
206Z Ktrhicehrlao,roKp.Sh.e;nMoxcyKacinelteicy,aWcid.P, .2,149-7d2ic.hPlorreo-pahnednopxoysat-cneatitcalasctiuddaiensdotnhe2ir,4d,5e-rivatives in rats. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 22:14-28.
2063.
B2S.m.4A.i5t.h-1, 9tF8r.1iAc.h.;TlohMrroueprehr-ageyne,noexFryJaa.t;cieoJtniochrnae,cpirdJo.Adin.u;ctNthioietnsdcishetkut.ed,FyKdo..fDCr.o;astKsmoienctig.beTas,toixnRigcJo.;l.
Schwetz, 19:41-45.
2064. cSounstkainmdi,naRn.tRs.. C19h8e3m. oLsopnhge-rteer1m2:7h6e9a.lth effects of exposure to 2,4,5-T and/or its
2065. tSouxsikcincdo,ntRam.Ri.n;aHntesr.tzJbAeMrgA, V2.5S1.:21397842.-2H38u0m. an health effects of 2,4,5-T and its
2066. EAnngoinnyemeroiunsg 1N9e8w1.s.DJoawn. s5t,ud1y98f1in. dps. 26.,4,5-T no pregnancy risk. Chemical and
2067. 3aS7nm:d1it9hm7,i-s2Ac0a.H0r.r.;iaFgeisshaerm,oDn.gON.;ePweaZrecael,aNnd.; 2C,4h,a5p-mTasnp,raCyJer.s.19A8r2c.hC. oEnngveirnoitna.l Hdeefaelcthts
2068. wBaolrakrearjsan(,leRtt.e;rM). cLDaonwceatll,83M33. :11918132.-1C1o1n3.genital malformations and agricultural
2069. hBejorbrkicluidneds, iNn.Ean.;imEarlns.e,AKct.a.19V66e.t TSocxaincdo.lo7g:i3c6a4l -s3t9u0d.ie(sAosfcpithedenionxy1a6c0e7t)ic
61-38 2,4,5-T 2070. rKeonsaclhfiuern,ctFioJn.;. HFdo.nCg,oSsm.Ke.t1T98o1x.icEoflfe1c9ts:1o8f9-21,943,5. -trichlorophenoxyacetate on 2104. aRceidu.beSrc,LMT.oDta. l1E98n3v.irCona.rc3in1:o2g0e3n-i2c1it8y. and tenacity of 22,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic 2135. WUaE(2cn.,iaS4dvs.,,ih5rE2-iont^nnrg,vmi7tcio,hre8nonl-o,nttreamDotlrp.eCAanhc.tse:hasnlleUoosPxr.sSoyrm.d)oaetiEbcenencetttnviiPiczoronBoa-n8cpAmi1-ddg-e2ein(o3n2tx4ca^i8ynl,25P5(-(U.TrToS)Ct,EeD(cP2tDAi,4o)),n.5. -EA1trP9gi8Ace1hn-.l6coyR0r,0ois/Op6kh-f8efain1sc-soe0ex0soys3f)m.pHreoneptailoothnnicand 2136. tIEP(uAne.mRntsee.or;csrs,iiPt,geJaJed.lR.nloi.i1cMnt9iat6.,y2;91A.iU0nJB4ll.mia;oannaiBcdsdeas,:ta2Beya1s.,M3op5Rfr.);e.pRlViem.sa;tilinFecariadirloyke,s,nMHaon..tLGde...;;iJnG.PdNaeutrsratt,roticJaeCJll.alc;in,hKceLeml.re;iicnIFan,ilsssMhtbf.4o;er2iMn:1,i1tL0c.1h;-e1Hll1,a1rI4t.,;. 2142. cPL1a9hel7uale9rsd.cmhCfanohkerrorol,sonhFgioc.i;retoLur-una2dles,.t4coT,h5xnoi-cTxeiritk,yinoAoloS.f;gp2iHre,a4.ug,5b(uA-seTcs-h.DceBairtw,aetdFlce.hy;inDN(S2ooI1n.V3t5e50n5)30w,)iUCr,aotnWs.tr.L;olaRbNoogoru.altj1oa5r,i3uP5m7.V4.Fbu.r. 2143. JAH.Enoi.om;kYa, laJrS.Bby.rs;oteuSmgerhsb.,iNaJ,.eDVw.,.CYed.osr1.k9E:82fRf.eaEcvtfesfneocPftsrCeoshfsr.opneiscticEidxpesosounretshetokPidensteiyc.idCehsaomnbers, 2144. 2cFi,lt4ien,5dt-,TiTn..,I1nJ7fr)o.r1m9a5l9.reDpeorrmt awtritiitsteanndforkitdhneeyBudlal,moafgeSuapscprliebmedenttoartyheMwateeerdiakli.lle(Ar s 2226. UaUar.SfeSiaEe.slPdEiAnni.nvriv(reAeolsansttimigcoaienttneidtotaonlinfoPofrr2eo0ssti1xte5-c2y)te,i4oa,nr5-sATpgosenpntrcaaynye(poUruaSscEtaiPbcAeosr).tiO1o9nf7fi9rca.etReosefpinTorottxhiorcefeSauOsbsrsetesasgnmocneens,t of 2227. eNBMfeafireltbkicoytens,leaTayls.,HFsCoo.;cArieaH.stute(AdsPtsirwnocgidti,htueEcdtt.hsLie.nA; us2Wss0oe1hc5oo,)rfbtoypnhE,ennMvoix.rDyo.n;hmeLreabnritscaoidlne,HsS.e.aPl1rte9hp80aA.rsesPdooctf.eo,nrItniTach.l,ehealth 3005. EAGGxCoopvvGoeesrrIuHnnrmmeReeInnencttdaaollimcIIemnnsddefuunossdrttrra1iitaai9oll8n8HsH-y1yfg9ogi8rei9en.n1isi9tsC8st.s8i,n-1cT19i9hn88rn98ea..stAhi,omOldehriLiocia:mnAitCmVoeanrlifuceaernsenaCcneodnofBfeiroelnocgeicaolf
2,4,5-T
61-39
3092. wBBiiuotshLelpmZeeasntieitcrria,dlWbesL.;in9R1t:oh3h1er1bh-3oo2ms5t-,.mGe.d;iPatreodppaisnsga,yPan1d97t2h.eMdoumtaigneannitcilteythinavl etsetsigtaitniomnsice.
3154. pDoaivsioensi,nFg.Gin.;cDatetleS.oVuzeat, RGe;c.W1a1g7h:2el0a7,. S.; Mohn, S. 1985. Possible dioxin
3157. c8De5al:lv1sr2io3n-fg1,M3L4u..;s Hmuulstcgureluns, iKn.du1c9e7d7.bCyyatocgoemnemtiecrceifaflec2t,s4,o5-nTinesvteivropbroodnuecmt aHrreorweditas
3168. E3tDrPxeicaYphma,lro.UtrmWKobe.aent5net0rzooApficpst.shaocecid.E,Mncvhairtloeorrn.o,mpSehtneatnnod(lUisn,Kgt)rCia1oz9mi8n5me.sitCatehneldoorgoflpyAphnheanolosyaxstytes,aincLidownicadtohenre.rbSMiWceid1thePos,ds
3180. 5oD1fe:pH4a2ar1zt7am7r,ednoatundsofS1uT9b8r7sat,nas5np2co:e4rst8aa2tn5iod. n4R91e9Cp8oF6r.RtaH1b7al2ze.a1Qr0d1uoauAnsptiMptieeanst.deriFxiaeAdls..TRreagnissptor1t9a8t6io,n, List
3213. cBBluuearreenaauuup ootaffrWWgeaattteecrronPPcrreoonttteerccatttiiiooonnn,s1,69/f68in/88a.8lF.8in8a0l608680t6a0b7leGorfocuhnedmwiacatelrrceofenrteanmciensan(Wt Q).
3261. wHaatmeransnam, Rpl.;esK. eCthtreump,osAp.he1r9e871.6D(2e-t3e)r:5m2i7n-a5t3i6o.n of phenoxy-acid herbicides in
3294. plHiqhoueknideo,xcSyh-.rHaoc.m;idaBthroeugrerbgaipgcehidmye.asJnu.nsC,inhEgr.Eosm.o;laiBdtoagpxrht.ear3s,e5L7e:Jx4.t2;r9aT-c4rt3yio2bn.us,anTd. h1i9g8h6-.pDereftoerrmmainncaetion of
3350. vKivaovlotecrka,tRolJo.g;ySshcorrete,nR. .TDeJrra.t;ogC. hCeamrcoifnf,ogN. .M1u98ta7g.eFnu. r7t:he7r-1e6v.aluation of an in
3451. LMiminintsesfootra DWriantkerinQg uWalaittyerSCtaonndtaarmdsina1n98ts8.RMelienanseesoNtao.R2e,cNomovmemenbdeerd. Allowable
3470. o7M5fo:a1rg3tee7ln-m1t4ao6nr.sa,nKg.e; cHoamwpoornthe,ntSs,;aSnpdecrkel,aWted.; cZheeimgeicra, lEs.. T1o9x8i4c.olM. Autpapgle.nPichitayrmteasctoinl.g
3501. NWeawterYoSrtakndPaurbdlsic, CDordinekiRnegviWsioante,reSffteacntdivaerd1s/91/98899.. New York Public Drinking
3504. ENfafteicotnsaol fInCshtietumtiecaflorSuObcsctuanpcaetiso.nOalnlSinaefetfyilea,nJdanHueaarylt.h 1989. Registry of Toxic
61-40 2,4,5-T 3539. rOuclceu. pFaetdio. nRael gSiasftet5y4:a2n3d32H. ealth Administration 1989. Air contaminants: final 3635. s7Sc:e1ride7e-e2nn8eb.derfgo,rJd.Mev.;elBopecmkeenr,taRl .tAox. ic1i9t8y7i.nAmsiucem. mTaerryatoofg.thCearrceisnuolgts, oMfu5t5agcehne.micals 3640. caShnhrdeonmnnaaatt,uorJga.rla1pw9h8ay6te..rJD.seaLtmeiqrpm.leCisnhabrtyoiomsnoaltoiodfg-rpt.rhi9aa(zs1ein6ee)^xat4rn3ad3c-tci3ho4nl3or8ap.nhdenqouxayn-taictaidtivheertbhiicni-dlaeyser 3682. oVSftearVtmeeroomnftoVnGetrromCuhonandpttWGerrao1teu2rn. dPrWotaetcetrioPnrRotuelcetioanndRSutlreataengdy,Setfrfaetcetgivye199/8289./8S8t.atSetaotfe 3683. dSotactuemWenattaetrioPnr.oDgreacmems bTeerle1p9h8o8nethSrouurvgehyF1e9b8r9u.arPyer1s9o8n9a.l communication and 3742. hU1e9.aS8l9.t)hE. navdivriosnormyentatballe.PrOoftfeiccteioonf ADgreinnkciyng19W89a.teDrr,inWkainshginwgattoenr, sDtaCn.da(rMdasyan5d, 3744. IOUn.ffSfoi.crmeE,naCvtiiiornnocninSmnyesatnteit,malO. PHOr.ontleicnteiofnileA.geUn.cSy., E1n9v89ir,oInRmIeSn.taIlnCtergitreartieadaRndiskAssessment 3764. hUa.Sza.rEdnouvisrosunbmsetanntaclesP. rFoetdec.tRioengiAstg.e5n1c1y341594876,. 4R0epCoFrRta1b1l7e.3q.uantities of 3766. a(UCn.dSE.RnEContLivfAiicr)ao.tnimonenotfalhaPzraortdeoctuisonsuAbgsteannccyes1.9F8e6d. .DReesigginsta.ti5o1n1,34r5e3p4o.rt4a0blCeFqRua3n02ti.t4ies, 3775. gDUrC.oSu.nEdn-wviartoenrmmeonntaitloPrirnogt.ecFteiodn. RAeggeniscty5129:28579. 4L2i.st40ofChFaRza2r6d4ouasndco2n7s0titAupenptesndfoixr 3781. aU(Sn.ASd.RfEiArnstvSiderrcoitnnimoknienng1t1aw0la)P.terrotpercitoirointyAligset.nFcyed1.9R88e.giNsto.t5ic3e:1o8f92su-1b9s0ti2t.ut4e0d CcoFnRt1a4m1inants 3782. HUC.FaSzR.a1rE4dn8ov.uisrownamsetentdailspPorsoatlecitnijoenctAiognenrecsytr1ic9t8io8n. sU. nFdeedr.gRroeugnidstin53je:c3t0i9o0n8.co4n0trol;
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61-41
3783. AhUap.Szpa.erEnddoniuvxsirVownIaHmst.eens:taHl aPzraortdeocutisoncoAnsgteitnuceynt1s9.8F8.edI.deRnetgifiiscLat5io3n:1a3n3d8_8li.st4in0gCoFfR261
3784. whUaa.Szsa.terEdnnouuvmsirbownearmsst.eensF:teaddli.sPcRraeorgtdeiescdLtioc5no3m:A1m3g3ee8rnc4ci.ya4l10c9h8Ce8mF.RiIcd2a6eln1pt.3irf3oic.dautciotsnaannddtlhisetiirnghaozfardous
3786. tRUhe.iSrgd.isELscnh5ve3ird:o3un1le1md3e8nw-t3aa1sl2teP2s2r:.oWt4e0catsCitoeFnRsAp2e6gc8ein.f3icc2y.p1r9o8h8ib. iLtiaonnds-Cdiaslpifoosmaliarelsistrtiwctaiosntess.foFredfi.rst
3863. mtZhiuemtamNgaeertniioinsngisa, ltSeT.;sotMixnigacosiolnong,DyJr.PoMsroo.;pgrhVaialmale..n2Ec.niRav,eisrRuo,nl;t.sWMoofuo2tda0rguecfnof.,de7Rd:.8C7c.-o1m1090p8.o5u.nCdhsetmreicaateld for
3933. oMNfaetTdiooicnxiiancle'EIsnfMsfeticEttusDteoLfoAfCROhSecmcsyuiscptaaelmtiSo.unbasltaSnacfeetsyDaantdabHaesaeltNhat(iNonIOalSLHi)b.ra1r9y88o.fRegistry
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(29) ((615291)9)
PINERSWTYSHIASSETTTEEESMRONICLE-
h2tpaiumiv,enev4aaredp,svi5leolyiy-arsrTbttmercaPlaneonoincnbitdsedfiaalieeottClaxilfoiponsni2nehns,cton4datro,aiem5cttdfl-auyiTnthrtePaaaeolatftitihvbsoenyoaenrtislaahsoobppiifigldpposhguldliliriceyecsoaaguttdntroiniaoioosddntnlswia,o.mwtcahiiieotatielgneltrdheddmmsosooacaaiyruynlpmdbcpticeeHorunenrtl.eaadnTd;he
PEAXTPHOOWSFUARYES
sdmTwainrghaeidntneneiktfropiitcwnrshaigyimenlslrwtta,emraemyxtienppriiosamsstutuhihzrpweeepaelmypixeaiposgt.ohfrswacuDtoaironeyengscsreaoabrrndyfea2tftuh,ri4onoi,snm5li-kpTieantPlhtyhetwhttoseoaoygieb,lrn/egohvruoiornwuodennwvdea-rt,er
HHEADAZALATTRAHD
mSNiancioggunet_assetd_iahv_nnue_gdrm_sa_eSa_nsye_imnf_efg_pxel_tcpeot_osm_1su_wsmr_eoe_grf_/esk_Stgur_hed_odp_iroeo_tssr-_ettwe_ero_dem_fr_ie.2nH_,f4_huo,_5uum_-nmT_ad_anP.n.;_E_vx_Nop_louo_sn_out_treh_ee_e:rr_s_
2,4,5-TP HHEADAZALATTARHD
62-3
Acute Toxicitv Studies: LOLDDR*AL62:7560 mmgg//kkgg sSL(2aaKDl-cthIi/dNkydg:3e)r2q;o0uxv0iyavelamutlheegyn/klits)ga(m>a3sm2to0rni0sium
RMaotu(s5e9()3504) Rabbit (1118)
NEGCIfLPeArPoaTeteoRnrnAPgctgoConi-tnxTao-o--inxecgricNNNecmyininooo/tiNvncEaddieetnDaafoyfittanameaaCsctasaattlis:leags:snDseLiPfdaiitomcaas:isttiiebodTnle:eerlvaivitdeoergneacnneidc,iskeinmdenbgerayytiodvteao.mxica,geand
PRHEACNA(D3UL8)TINIOGNS
crieporarbmHpfmffuaeleefnrrraofagssslcgetedriltppp/hneacs/aCthmmiiispifinedtmrrrcieuaohry3inlaaaun.:ecrneeiittgtsnlcceesooocateygcpeiaaerrrttso,hlren,ioferpapoeehoa-htecpsmcfarprpoiexcipgeoaprpwlerlocihtiatntmarrecreoeniienoratavcaorprreetayaubtletniftteiotnnrlafaasnouadfreibuostniuecnst,rsiorioyedinmpllrieewfiynupiegthnxsfrebsyupiliu1wcoactpe-lrreht0fepryto-oreiiealoue-pftpdoearf5tyhrspfstslwtep0uiieeshaonodeosaliuyrirlrrdgrmimndretnao-ifegeaaagtcrgaora-cqoniue/nlddcrmoatresuyplyeyee5npp-aar3pmrpuo0tsipt:sotereirease-ueaaesla1elcoprpcanffhtC0tv-naioenipdoiCl0cretgrgtyrloaunseihheomeuntwrstddqeodriptmeluigurar-atp5fsoP/asaheiftmiklwt0ntiscririirhciope0aeto3ianaied:tned-ilte1rnhrr5re-hnec0a-dga0camsioc0taoipgt0nporyn-imghao0yvi5rftrgssuae0iaksilwdlc0tettliutosiv.tsrhet
62-4 2,4,5-TP ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCRCITUEPRAITAIONAL STANDARDS AND
AIR EXPOSURE LIMITS:
StanAOdFSarOHdSAsHTPWEAL ((88--hhrr):TWNoAn):e eNstoanbelisehsetdablished
C ritANAerCICiOaGGSIIHHH ITSDTLLEVHL- ((31(805---hmmriinnT)):W: ANN)oo:nneeNeoessntteaabbellsiissthahbeeddlished
WATER EXPOSURE LIMITS:
DrMMMinCCCkLLLinGg::: W51500a0tMpeMrgg/g/SLL/tLa((npi(ndprtaroeroprdpiomsoses)ed(d2)9) 6,9,91)
sETapdhPeveAceirfEsiHcePeAahadelthvahialctsheAddoeevnfvfiseetoclhortesipeeswldeovauenthllddseConffoaolntclocobewnretianRamgnisitHnkicaeinLpatalesttvheeidnlAs. ddrv(i3ins9ko7irn7ieg)swwahteicrhaptrwovhiidche
----- lll11ooi-0fnnde-ggdtaieeyamrry--(ettc(eehc(rrhiammliddldu):(()lcat:)hd:2iul20dl005t))00::n/g/ii73gfg0L0//LL0/igp/gL[L
.
WNHoOinDforrinmkaintigonWaavtaeirlaGblue.ideline E PHA-uAmNmaonbciHerinettearlWitohnat(ee3rs5t5aQ)buliaslhiteyd;C2r,i4te,5ri-aTP is not a priority pollutant. A- qNuaoticcrLiteifreio(n35e5s)tablished; 2,4,5-TP is not a priority pollutant. REFERENCE DOSES:
ORAL: 7.500E+00 Mg/kg/day (3744)
2,4,5-TP
62-5
REGULATORY STATUS (as of 01-MAR-89)
P roFmeudlq0dC2eg.i.ural04saeact.1ale5nh0dn-taPTirktrWRyPgogege/a(s1igrRst0auer0mQdrlea0ess)tAusikiollgctignmitnnsoaigttf(eCfoodrWfrogam4aA5nh).t4iahczekaprgmeds(oat3iunc4sui7df,saeuc3btc7ush6trea4emn).ocicefa.E2lsf,,fI4lt,ua5her-enaTstPalapi(mp8rl9eiitcp1aa)otb.iroltenabst,loeset at ow2NcptSu(o3or.rnaaa48nofdst.cm0get5tieoaoer1-rommDasnT)r.matrmPeidhnli,enIueaaisPnkasnnnirSgiidtnoisptnDmytngelawaeWrattwvmWhrteeheyaiAdsicleatthDewta(oerilMrssiirfatsishtdnhrCy1Adekaos9Laqciztf7nneauta)4mg8irrdaf3daos(eWpioSssdrcpwuiDanoar2sfhtnfoWm,oeei4uvtrcrca,eenhA5tnmdtRad-h)dTsneieeeUnertPgrdanuivaRnndilesistjanCesetpra0ciRga.1rot0prrie9Ano1toqo8snuup6o(mn(iu2for2(dg9le3f9at/5dh7L6tI2)i8e)n..o,t,i41jorn,e)tT5.chtbo-htreTeifeiUosPamnr1nt-eM0mcadgC,ox0euCenior0nmlLtna0tautttiherppmandoepreilnoopgcplielesess ovcoHbhoincgtcgfam2uddr((t2Rh1nhor3Bohroaenrrr..ioieaf0sa4O4eaesjsra7sgonornaednl0zDecpas.x.22inoi8auiurtta550Cdcwacaontoi6,aaAgon6annarm-t-m4rhunuscs5aomieic)Tidfmnddd,aTneoecci.run5rst.eonn-e3-Plmsieenittcgn-)mTnawwnurdeeusc4rTeae-/oEttiirwrksiaoPc3aqaat-i,cesPetefa,nroutmTgPlcCttuatdoawxlseseteeinot(niytultACtauceitodspraoar3seianaetsuoonsdsllnrtt7aoLtrlsttcrirsmiromtdwesihri8tsudtspdeearPgnanicueenoee2eninndeeerogaelo-rgtiq0fneri)nan,onftdhnenoevcns..pu1tteria0tthf,txrotgsfihaiinoca0eiaiotlecc1rtintfrtireaoeswdf0btrrodcwsiihiwettnMsinndero0macomiaoemsepethtditadolhncrarilnnensiraeuitmtatsldmsgatsedcdasygountithlasd/aza(hnae.c,gtotaLpetsh3aianfnoiawoltcEa/rsnfoooEt7airk1idlaBcfipndacsohntr(uPdnz792gertfhno9cscnemat.esf5on9ee,Rhe(sh8olso4esrnorwut)03dohaunatnc9neg,do.ewarEs75rlsaiczlttc)rsx-costtfDaor-8iaaov,loePiheouielwfuvTiF(toapci3srneaaqevrniHqsAestintdawooP,hmcttetupEtteiuneassrnohyOiorer-iAsa3ieilotfornoicroduasnyendicesf7nCgrtmueon(tfstetotsi8ti9rrqti(negereAhschsenhlohb4toe3o8wsutessdwu)ttqahaagncmar)2ui8aeqizsaunvw.zehtaristma5ieni)uctassantrneae.itnn)adohtricpmtergoso.li8Nrdepsh(ndh-ndedJtrrrn,eRtw2partoteotsoueoogemi(ohSto,alyertcetau1anCwAludU4haoyhamoooq9thetst,s-uoealvceeRrtel25minrns8uaiibc8irxortarwp-ew3dr8tnctzaAeat,tuiThmiaas,e3oiathaarglllaptolpiitela)wPc1nhr)sgtsrbenpsmotrndtbiei9dteihcaathiaofooofresa.aet8laieoeinteahsunetstsoncnse7nntu4teizg1tanreddcde,Ctotucoh0sacT%srcliridsrstoronrnodometoeealboiwsChdgnuiroudntwecf,tyefsahHetoeiaEtnrinehFttqrahnoanaauadsescr,dEsnPORiuiinlntoundagiesetncna-enotaPAidssrfrtwChnhliladwielio2anA1onidv'eaosdgcenus6saggtgattrftm4nosuemyteeat.idrrcag3veuit/t4enLsees3tgdr,
62-6 2,4,5-TP
atC22Arhel..oc44speotm..o55wr--bpt(aeraCseebTTtEhnelPPeeRnissqCtbissrsuiuuLevadtaeeAnedmtts)Ehiitfgen(yons3vre7a(irRR6tdoe6QCdne)p.m)RaeeAnlinhmdtahaizutalapzorRaodfrenod4supo5tshu.o4sesnuskwcbegoas.ntCsactoenRemncesettpprroeauenrtanitsmdoaanebstrsiloecCnooqnfEauttRnaahidnCentiiLLncthiigAeaesbmihlIiicattyavhlesasina . sFAaitnuopelgpdetoaoelrrirrlacceaonaarlntcanieoInernncoas(ewf2eoc3o0fta0f.i1tgc7h0ri)dep.i.0cepu5t.mrltFipueuphrthnmaalagsnichcbooiaedlmsaeemnmbaeioennedsdentiat.syRbeaslolpittsdaehbteaoenrlidstspihcfreeoieaddrsreuafltoAtrpirenpcegltrseesfs(,r(i9Fodp8muIl0Fue)msR.posAo,sAf)tr-n2hic,a4einr,5vta-eenTrsditPm ctnthMOheoaorcenarnaeyrmt-ataibonnclmiegaeoseindasnnPucasdbrcmnouyeitpmtsmsepi.cnopuhtngrlyiPaoossotethinicrrfviaambeRlkti,eitnetiecnsodtheahwaetpaehnmrptxcelcihoiscceumraapcalnasthnutrodwsisrcnphhaSebeereaciemneontnelceiotvcdtxhguiaereilaccmoyaracnirploeamctsnrpieensfrAntrooipotcgtcrumteeoeensrsnsste(e,thManssremtePsianauerRrsteaatrSthpegnArigeeaod)uncnlsylsee-atatoroireox(nni3cds0e9air)fne.dd HTrheahaqzezuaariDrrddeeomopuuaessrnmttMmsaaetfeotnerrtriaipoalaflwscTkiTtrahraganiannsgpsrp,oeorplartoatbratetitolaiionbnnlgehAaaqnscudtdanet(srtHiiatgnyMnsaopTtfoeArd4t)5a2.t4i,o4n,k5g-(,T3sP1u8ba0js)e.cat to TlFtehohveoeedlSl.aiesvfDeeirdluDefgnroitrnaicnk2adi,ln4g,Ct5p-oWTsthmPaeteeitnrmicaAbxAocitmctttlu(e3md(6F5dcD)ro.iCnntkAaimn)ginwaantterlevisel0.(0M1 CmLg)/Lg.iveTnhiusnder StatAAssmNetplLaPoelWtrDcLeseitafWariStscetetTRegrrnsAiusnuPlThgam(raetEsoienvegoSrteerniacscaWm,rdciesrtaoeiitpttreehitrareei:draE.xbEpyPToAnhsuaerrsAreeamtLsibtviamieetenirtstsefhWseaercvaetetnieocrpenrQ)oomuraasubliltytghyaertieCerldirspittarienodrgmidaiutthialognenadateldor ssNNwtuaaEepntwpWedrlayYrcYod(la3rOs5kosR0fe1aKd1l)s.0ofojrhigad/sLrianfokwrinasgtuerwrfaqatcueearlwistuyaptseptralsyn,cdalaanrsddseodanf f0oa.rm26dbrijeiinngk/tLinwgfaotwreragtrqeoruuanlidty eVVneEfroRmrMcoenOmtNeanTlstosthaansdaardproefve1n0tivieg/aLctfioorn2l,i4m,5it-ToPf 5innggrfoLunandd-waanter (3682).
2,4,5-TP
62-7
eWWnifIsoScrCocnOesmNineSnIatNlssotasnedtsarad porfev1e0ntitvge/Lafcotrion2,4li,m5-iTtPofin2 griog/uLnda-nwdataenr (3840). P roFpeodspfRSEeHeodrarPgeraofgfAeRlpLDuoPelDefhasgrocertauoeriisognlmaar2nkpntab,siir4mnoeMo,(rng5ps3,-sCo7TWs15LPe91ad9)ota.0efsar(5Ep3mA0a7Pcar5/Attxx9igom)w/.(fLSuiltmDlihnWerceMoNpAnraa)toytapi,moon1is9nae8al9naP,ntrwilMmeitvahCerlLyfigGnDoaraloilnfa(kc5Mit0nioCgnnLgWsGfcLa)hteeaodrnfud5le2d
eFJEtRhxuiPenetnrsyAaeoal,cuehtpxr1arhc9csoeio8bm9npCitcur(oeol1tgnnph5atsoe6retsi5aroecvt)dnh.iaoatnotrihoafanicstttheaesrinqsoisdluTitdaicoRlxwedticocaeoisftovitynereserCdgybhreeAaaasrcltaiteEscrttPee(dtrRhitsoaaCtxnsiRcich0AiRat.1y)zu4alwremdhioegsun/Lesxtbhp2ee,e4cc,aTt5eu-CdTsLePiPn StatNeoWpartoeproPserdogrraegmuslations are pending.
wMMpCrhhoOoeaspnSntoTgssteithnsaSegtTyaersAcbehTaeaprcEneorSgomeijnseectitfnheindetahplf.eorirorCc1reo9esnsg8tu9ao-lcaf9tt0riwoe(nvi3tis6hsi8wn3tghh).iecthhsetiwartielwl oafftofelirlcoewprroiEsgPraaAdmv'ssisceahdna.dnges
62-8 2,4,5-TP
EECTwgcDauhaDitriteedieergecrmeoltciiranavtirineeevesdevoa0sAant.lo0ulr0D,ey1srA,.ivn20ak.l0uain0neg2sd5WfAoar3antdteuorst0ae.0dl(05po53er3sm)tiincgti/edLnedsreeidnspfseoucrrtifvaaebclesyt.rwaacTttehiorenrteroefaartdemriennnoktin'g
DTtp(o5rhit4orae0del)cumtmciatvasxexiiimmsRue0uml.ma5taimandlglgmo/wtLisoasibtbhlleee
Quality of Water ccoonncceennttrraattiioonn ffoorr
for Human Consumption p2e,4s,t5ic-TidPesisan0d.1rmelagt/eLd The
. occeAittDDnhhaonrpiiteremgvrropscaieereprigcncngoorottorsonopiuuhvogdumrnuebaeiindsannlesdcootstndiheagcnt-oani,ewnrmrnacGmagnetestrescudhueaootresbsiuammunhsng(artoapiiedoqe.nilnoell-sue)W.ugi,rabcdrnoatevaoeidlofcituearsteoomnaeriradtpknlegesn-eevdraw(dnriaa5nrcannt3oosobtodeu8npelygacb)rmheehtsmoinsy(etossiiadnen.capenmrtrh.,ocp,tyboechsrwersaurtororooibpwtbuusechposhtgrooanrihtuuccneisnoehtvcgsmiteersrpmnsoiipenpetuaworsryncui.oohnodnrhfidlcodaiivohbrrstirmii,eatopcesntotdushsu.dbtsechiseshorsacoishqlu)augraohgtfiec
cDoWorimrhceeypcnateintvieinednsetposenacmutBtiaohaynotrhboiietnfiegpasr.Websaaetnthetir,ncgQouanarceleiatnytsrha(ot5wi3os4n)sthsahtouhledavbyemcehteaclks,edpebsyticides
sTeosDthhhufrihifgaebgreehtlaescltfcnttmaiqtshsoniuhavheocaneaenlcfdillotooaeiytnngnsthohceoesrentfhyhnmaseesthtsulrhelepasfdQeliettllsfiuclhsofniiasuifnoshlibfhictltsoaeyatrpstfaneihRrnodaeoncceamdlehqscasuuhurfocsivosrtrtstareuaebdetbo.exerscotgsTtaefahoenhnaSdceltoheimhaegtaihluinlltlefieoeidstvdgcheheeoleltninhnWawcsaethehatenestidicpelttlrhrfesasiccustohihbifnaoi(scst5nwtraa3iahtnob7itaoc)feurnertmesesaosfscufrpohtloreinctifhye
cbcwaDOdaoniehirsarrdcigcsdec/hatiohcinaasnrtclorioivhggoshweaesedauarnoloogtesorenefgredooestmtrnhfhiwsiensehs,suitsuteoDobihmorsosinitgsaunuacanlbtnshantscnaaofpteodarnprsgonidhoesdcwaoruersohrsddapfifescuahi.rnhDctaihetvtaoAhoeenwsrdagg,ivaszreyfetpaorresetuoortaitesnmour,mnddsot-elaeewSfloqreruuafrotumbteimazetrsotertiihr.roacmioynuad-eeclsnmreewoevsmbcfiafraetieo(rrse5cnsbrt3icsmooo5nonoue)snrnn,attitpsrnhpitecelesairetnnsanasottloet
2,4,5-TP
62-9
l2Dig.4ihr.e5tc-oTtirvPecmoolaonyrMnefoaftrekcbteestinbugyseamdnediannUossroenfaomdfiefDnfetaarnelgnoetbropjeuhcsatssSesiun.btsetnadnecdesto(5p4r1o)duce
wscAcqDaauoonnuanicmmdradsyhent/ppoecptiow.oritnhtiuuysavednnt,senaidtdsonlepsosll,aa;nottca(suilwonoeeTrmasndieotd,,hxpooeipofccfcsuhotactmyanaerhnsbdrcpeidtliscinoa;asmuiohDlnognmeaaredttngnhneosadgno;ixcnetdiccc,risceyhoo-faaeuahfrnnmensadicuddliWtocnesdagssd)aaile;etnnssercethgsthetcaaehsaourlkrelomsiarneu(kscp5dgset4oeaeww2ufrnpoi)nhdasrdtsiaictasdceh;rrsisseocppcamihoonrnrraosdcoditdlniumuocgdorcepifieongsotgif,lnhysehpcuoyohcflcehdlniscols
D2Sp.uai4rcb.ek5sc-atTtaginviPncegeissoanc(n7ldat8hs7slea)ifbiCeedllainsagssifriaceaghtuiaolranmt.iofuPnlas.cskuabgsitnagncaendanLdaibsesluinbgjeocft
Dangerous to
EsEP(1erEEa7oCC9pb3oe)hDsaapilsrreofpcohtrriiobvpaeitoseCsde-o.duPnrtchoiapltoDstehidreecdtuivmepoinngthoef
Dumping of Waste at Sea organohalogen compounds
at
62-10 2,4,5-TP
621 MAJOR USES w2ss2lt1eiot..4mhea44xmiv..iid5c5cleaahs--2d.yrb-i(siTyTtws2yI-PPb,pte4uetre,sioahf5osduoc-adsaTrotesusleftlricfhynbiaethceesccharmfetoorlanioancvvrrhimeethzroasloeeoetpmisrndrhtamtioronencdiponcdaouhrntotnereeeexstdidndu-rnytuoogg)yiwpxalcnpleryrtiienthothcphghepwareei2nebmoer,-neUrbe3haudii,.an7cc(sS1irh,ukd.8va1fi-ecae(1latsli2scen8edt3ttrd)sur,.ud(ara2wcr5icnhn,Ao4ho4dpg)om,l.a5odipso-risyTnrof2roedPp,aec4i)alpbse,aad5speinlss-inltltTesyzsa(s,osoa(-eba(sfpbe1rqes-1o2eudoCa1,ari4d8oChbt,i)x5aehc.si-pdpanTwtpeDePbce(tryetTuerard6eCulrse36meD,at)1ovuaD)(,ehns5a)seed0u,rdc7sabable)no7i.rcdsooietdafode
622 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS 622.1 Transport in SoO/Ground-water Systems . 622.1.1 Overview vseeConenhirvvlay/iigrprTrsootioehnnmruemminrl6eeaed1nn-r-i)twtsataaaollvnteeff2draar,y4tttees,h5lyiepa-stTttnrelldeeimm(s2eitin,rnti4saeft,oden5ards-lmtposroiobainrcstetheitoxrlhonovpifraseoitc2nsipto,e4ehntcd,he5tsine-otTroonelxPiptyb.ieosaerrcalHtesaetiturdomigcrwieefleloaayvtrcrhe.ibdar2a),t,T,4sses,hii5pdtnes-ecTcoebdiPnfeii.s2hcc2,aa4u,lv4,sl5yis,o5-iTor-aTnPdindodirsfatehtssaestre(usscettehureally r,ssptaprenraciedlntlsi,seo2ipsnhn.4ote,nr.a5oat2v-ett,yd4le,o5sxrpw-paTrpeaPdicydtiTslemyasPdopatlpyihvtsoleribcdoebeauxetcpgsiooheupnncsectt,crheeesodnepirsttrtutieiboanmntlseitbpao.ertntuoosrrp.eadeltreaBegtdduirvialzsekdployaonqtseumiao.alnonboHtiiifnltoeieewtxsihencevoeestfshsrot,ehiflao/esgsrormsidolo/iuulgsulnrcatoudtiuosi-oswnnendads(t-)eewl.racgaot.ts,eueyrrlfsdrtisoenymbmsettheaims when wuderneneaptvdteoieirrrsr2most,.eon4ildc.mne5isia-ensftongesrtdtatr2lhof,eon4pTr,gH5mmlP-ysT.o;ibsTspoi(lhKrei-tbux,yesp3v,d)eo.actflhttuoe2Teed,h4ssso,eot5aioil-rldsT/e,gbiPsreaes.onoxuhcdpniiegadlchte-telsweydsdadlftioteikosrresmlobpyceHiitasoitnleeebdxvtepheteleobciitssoteahadvmececretuaoynmrbaiimounenlgpaimeocteroadftrosaernttmhthsaooinnlasutebthtlyeepiicnal sppoaairrlttiiaIttiniiroo.nngiiennPnggoerromtaifolo,nldotserwla,onsfasos2pil,os4rhc,t5oo-nwpTcanPethniwnatrsaasTyotasicobicnalaetsend6o2bfw-e12i.,ta4hs,5sTte-hhTsseePesdweaambctayeolrcnuugaslinansdtogioilaaninrpsapeprqhrtiueacdislleeiicbsst,roistuhfomietlhweastoeirl, and
2,4,5-TP
62-11
EQUILIBRIUMIPNAMRTOIDTEIOLTNAEIBNNLGVEIRC6OA2-LN1CMUELNATTSI1O^"NS FOR 2,4,5-TP
SEonivlironment____E__st_i_m_a_t_e_d__P_e_r_ce_n_t__o_f_T__otSaolil_M_a_s_s__o_f_C_hSemoiilc-Wal aitnerEachSCoiol-mApira_r_tm__e_n_t
Unsa2tU,u4nr,5ad-tiTesdsPoctoiaptseodil at 25 *C Total 2,4,5-TP pppppHHHHH57346
Saturated deep soil
2U,4n,5d-iTssPociated
Total 2,4,5-TP ppPppHHHHH53764
.
99.8 4100190...1091
91 490005...09019
0.2 IE-08 9995909990...1999 <<<c<l111lEEEEE-----0101119820
9 9599919959...19919
a)
b) c) de))
dHTgpcKDppIUUCnhuiaHehta.sestroriiesnlerdlctcsodio6ir=aLeezutcdd,ynneinliisoi'uaadtctass2ontatcttent5lriirsltgo.epood0paii,ebonan0wttrsinou9r.Isoent9itscpnisbitc.ithoo9hnri.aaononc9eesesunosVs%esetfledsftaoodnocfoinrlfmtoialouilbltec-tnotmaawefiowtntefpateaeMincsaHck)t:uotli.eea1ennrnc27Knss5fk.,iatpco40daator,%sruey5m=er'r-dsapeTapeap0doteasPt.eprqc0rdrtraptu0aeomis1iHpsdtxlsoiertibuximnpof3ormouts,niaKrouget9aihmesooln0l.rfy%dtaeghpsnmaIattadhniEatormaittd-scait0aatepli9lttcltoHuehonosaarmeinfat4namdtp,atgnehpod9deenmp9mnerd%uvdono'es/idixmrteeseioasdpmoolotnlfcoams(pi3ontasaHee4iotltlyn,e.i2pldt53af5e,(oC5lr2fr,9Ccra9c9ae3l)ogc.nc:6(n9eutAt)n%idal;oraeignttrtsehieeaaoudetlnorsf
62-12 2,4,5-TP
''''
vcefcHiggpggpnmmutsoheooxeiraHHonovrroonnnopesndewysbdeutetseotnilsaaooirencsreetallommsauilatvoevdnlifoelnaselweoiiliddcsndanrysnslriaosppiu,ddaaarfptithhotrttiorltdioHhc-iersfeaacearoawaadtdeosvnssnbtpctseatmeadwe.eeehr2tst(odeooLmei,ehatni4tatdrifhsehival,eosigui.s5aanlcsg,tpnnhn-tfohitlwhTlcloleeidctaeeowgherathdiiPisbwntiaessihssbhelsmsemtviotei(lxeon.oiltie9poldriepclhgfoc;b%oaiobeasAaawmnwirogrcdnellt)tnimtrieiiiotle2oftot(dptyahsfdied,rhiuouonrt4nngienrtfensd,sstahttoo5gsidshiiaoonra-epgnfaoaelTmninnnnKcgwlcbtmpiPtiishea,afoctmtHcoieittohacfonoaeeifcstsoeamfnrnduviatdnot.tdatrn(ahphneta~eab>pddeloelna2sG3o)poli5srrt,snor)cow4sort)ysm.shr)oaro,mofe,5bwteinapuctlli-ameytEahl-iothniThaydwlnrlasdiatrehoctaesbsIiebpiiauonetdwnmg2deoeel,ugdfh,,uarr4ahs2nvimed2ttcctat,,udeirp5he4e,iatoot4rsliu-hs,ethnnsssp5,Tetra5stoeue.h-efloaPs-cTorantreoTectsihartcdePPaioftpPbaaetdet(eiathrtntellTtr,rihr-eeehrndiltatasbedydseaebiibteiitaertgaeoneoiunhlt22eoexniedgntpn,ep,ncpdo44esoogo6i2aeg,,famnr5s5nf2tpc,rtov4geg--tt-uaaotTeTasi,ae1rhd5rlrdnelodms)PPtai-euasevduiTt)tttpail(iieniiinpecrPnnomodoaddooart-dnnntoenntattliwshsvtmtyooat(yeaeteaowapnvhsnseirftatns.henoteietoioairirhtmlnicirauanlehgeblsilse
%`*'>*-twdfoopb2((rr11c,hefeaao488ccetnmt,u56rlen5hsie2r2rU-nopedrT,)oxeo.neeun)lyr1dndocret8wveAseah6asdwirpseetr2seiriroa,dntatcebasnholoos1ysimorcmaod8osminpac6itednmroin3pnaeaeert)dllostcto-.mi,eetnh'hgaddttaerrMerhraleraenwaufepsbcoetnuipeetirstnchloxlhmtatiielefpdclexfraloateeyvtesihntc;fnepsietaeaioliosoevstapcnpirdnweracprthlolsaayrldattiutyaocchvoiewntanoereseatbtndehscitpe,bsocietfcieinohrem2avwrnreea,itee4tntereslrylo,eaare5aotettotsi-thehif(snbTvis1etaos,eahP8trtnetlphe62yhrtpaprs4,vera4oenlhn,eafi,ivctod5enls1eai1nn-sic8rcTt-gpoi-i5i6onnpnooxP3%5niierny5,ftsctr.yiiuescsh1dortinao8esaonffRntrt9afyroetbtu5cssatnshue)inrttc.te(rreieoi1oafexdsifa9annanipefdcp0dmsseeuc8ptcswho)eg(lta.i2nserece(n,odcaar4dasueAeet-ofninrtDtolwioietrtdlnar/hreegl,aappolwrltn1eouwdoiadr0owrrguitstnithenaiyfehssrtteddt)seta-mrhrotsesoorst
623.1.2 Sorption on Soils
; 3`cbg22sfpo(o1oo.r,y,Hf044r8ren.m,-;2bat75tDh,ete1T-a4eSedTn)w,rh.5(itsPnhsseit-tmueoTciahIcmreeannPiahfelcdaaanCnitgydrc(hivvseuhe6eianotdna.rpr0rcenpoidpeoi,screnetniHosuaesgsemodrslrran,clo.woeytvii6ciiansfiivti0trtataehmeio)aidtosxnlescnostpdomehuhsser)xtoapceecbpiorpnostlegpenseootndecdaHsirtalttltosdeaonsfdo2nudfoicts,tfer4lhstato,hgte(h2y5thpiraoas,-lee4etKTtao,xii5Pn2stJtarpsoe-,gdeT4riaioahlscs,cP.5onftitige-.ehrdiT2chdpxTai,cPptn4Shmwide,,ooee5ec4aannml-ct.titoTv5ektreeibeidPreserrsaaloesane2tsinarosoade,nv4mldcueed,eiiht5nrebxdxhi-enpicniaTlcsstlveigttatostacyyraortapfhpneuifnra(aadtdn1idnistmmoci8d2otntbv6aooni,er44soepwirte-n)bolit.Dynniseintcso,haiaiSrKnafbtwleputiloprnietrptlrohroaclrvgnarrerloaabengtexwelnpaeasuidpsismnuaecoiwotilnsaorseregitprntafoesotiknlociryolifsyn
2,4,5-TP
62.2.13 Volatilization from Soils
62*13
bttnhheeaegnalidnDgitishubismaloeetcp.tifoaorrtSotetmiadhnnect2we,lta4ortt,wha5enre-Tv,spraP2aop,,t4roeet,r5vop-apTfrproPveocsorevslasuaotstrli,ioaelntpiziaalainfrztrtdiaiooctmnuiroelnalfaarrqotlfyiurmvoeeimnolsyuotssihhluiesrgiosfhpalugcrwteeeinasoseetnoenrriacilslseslyooeolxrusfpibgiaeninnlciitytsfeyiocdsiaoel-nxitalotpilrmeybcwoeltoieislwdltuenfrrooert.
62.2.2 Transformation Processes in Sofl/Ground-water Systems
p2h(1o.8ha4x6se.i45nda,2-oa,xst14Tity8,or5P9noh-5n,Tei,gsrrPb1eet8diixecs9unpi6dcade,tenceiso1tnean8c(dc9,2yi7,dh4t)tioy.-ocDdbrchooeyalmdnygrsdprioseol,2ayu,tzs4neue,rd5bi-stn(Thtpi)attKuhnit,nei9o=p9wn%r)ae~tshe3edran)ivswcesaeohnbceodienaf,etnwlaeidckart.etieevproaD.ottheregdteAerrdtabpdyptbaoHsetuinoonlconelcxivguyrehrelsthawec(arti1btib8ohoi5ncv0oised,the5se,,r
d2cwodcbtmahhao.eerfaia4iorenmosncs.2bdtmt5rdrr,opoeou-R4,uaangnron,cdte5Oresrtaitptira-ssgcicbruTeiodooatcalnrunoPnraehtaictrrtienlnssieyocotwdgomdoe.rfonaoosarnsSutf(;penShs(isahsd1eokanteeidvh9nelkmouynte1ae2aoibre0ro,dlba4xamol,l(eteil,t1rmhgo5e,ia19cadr-ernt9ar0rTaunoet1deo9dpigPtaa1cbh)tarrld3)hioaet,aar,ihcair5dslsiloalyatnes-aanr-vddngirtoabthe,eiicgsvwocfoageebahnrnvsral2yieylooaesl,opao4lsdftreaboorof,hao5tecubrltetsec2-phtirsroTaoe,eloci4souodtbnrery,erarru5v.tncginceeo-etnheaeTxedddfrNeondtPgoe2litswo,icinh,lftsn4oiiotwsentmmc,iwih5ctvaethre-etarrehTheatreptbeeastcePu2oeibttmos,rnnrhi4potboea)ueaa,l.rnsr5btinmnceetae-ucerusToTbttesevfphlfPe,henetcoraowuedtecostbwfxe.iormtricoao2eofiaoeoenf,sHdt4pcfstnd,eea2ph,Tto.,5gab,leou4-hroitocTnsfs-raOreiluDtadPieibonznpfcsa.maineeepottcdssoitoidltoxh(ef,eo1onemreg8dnfaa,re7qpoainc8ttuindduhht)acalaleeltytlautriuicldoisrninoeng
tgdbocdopharnnieeooaoppcpdturaddtuehenbIaailgsana,dttlreaastbtaeigwrooidffeaonaoobfnandrrtsiteeosbe,irpro2g2disa.oon,r,eo44ldrag.,i,,teld5r5etga-a-HhdmTTrdteaiao.adodlaitenofsias-xowBtltutoniwiinevoro;fnweeendlsta2,alen,irga4iosadndrn,fs5padst-2tdr2ohToo,as,4ie4bolt,ti,i5aihn5oplab--enrrTTtldeeyePsPeismuseeel.obxbnppewpseicxSoorseepdiioacanleeoittnccluegmsfdetdrreaoeamdtiy;xtdshaoyaetiryegnotexbiecabpopenrbvnereeaeeaciaissmipltsdneaeepeinebddnrxsptiioolpmeitsaixteonloyiascmdrpldtp.oceeoaratnfdtotineTteops4nlnohyoobtiseinleiai5rgeslm-ennem6efstihioxfihtcwcariiprrcmrenoeeeao,coaecanbekrtt2ttieegla,sy4tddalo,bn5wtbai-osiTsatmehsPdesd
62-14 2,4,5-TP
62.2.1 Primary Routes of Exposure from Sofl/Ground-water Systems nbpaiootnhavcwTocalhuaymetsi.luaelb,aotmvioeond.deirsTacutheselsysieotnofaosttefrfocanhtgaelryapcastotehrrwbiseatdiycsstossuusggoggiele,sstatsnstdehvahetarsaulraipdmoistsoeodncetiiaraatletdeexp2p,oo4ts,e5un-rTteiaPl ifsor ^-wcsPeto2(euh9uoxx.rfna49neippidts.oe2cp5eotinra)sersV-lsi.cvisnuteidooyiotdrTsrclrre.e,oaLiPasantawptititMsmiiloitehrotitodz.enieiwcsatnsdirhttfoItteiheoenarrogrseikalns(;mrFne8acsergli3ooodonxsii)frnsnarppoibtcgr2ednitreoeo,ciao4rfptont,rrnnh,eno,5oev,d2r-mshco,Ttowi4aedlotfPa,odos0ew5teutn.-ie0hsfbtTlltrvedh4seeoPi.eatmribttutnow,hhTen2aeasadth0,soh4hsi.epdnos3,eb5fsirul0posyo-eealpTuoecddrpwointnPoeagesldaemtan/efaehLlsotisodkainsuisanlsenaayinlanlstcnybdceefrtiweoideitiiern2ftessnona,lt4grleoigognm,rxdcr5aroespcoe-soduouuTteuue.niricnPnnnlcrdtdddteeT-efide-nwnTwidwhrncahaetiaeevtsiotetienhiesteirrrhunerrdt2,dueescidscssranoouuserdlnoolpfldpirytnttctiipa5inksiiaibalm4snnikilotnie6lileicsnginsndtpiNugayeaawHrgttaftwifeooaltoaidritfalgncoeemtiernveoberarloellsf v/..:HbrumfirenpiooaosstumwyaiaglckTetnrcveteihuhhfesiemooeurcar,lfumtnuntl2tsahoi,nett4veehi,eoxo5desmnc-fiuesTresscpsePcnuhuctetrargpbfiregonatygaiecfbetseuaiit2olqnti,wnott4uuhyaa,as5asltutuo-teiaTucrrfltssfPho2aecreac,i4irgosesn,ceaf5duwn-gsermTiaruisxontPmsrpeuktfroasanit.snncoduoegcrrAedwwewsesdsaagao(ttratfeemeera.rrgrordes.meoas.sstrtauuiiscoplIilotnntap,siarllni/isagmgneoinemsrgmod,oesvausepaleitnsntimiscloddlma)ne-m.swndaeeoetyasxrd,twmbpeetroierhatashelsuitymeerpssxeoptopespiotlmooermtsntpseauatannwiryrtateiti.lasilocllcflmocbefrsuoearry
V- - '
- 622.4 Other Sources of Human Exposure iD2n.4u.1e59T-7toh9T;eiPtaEslilPnlarAcetkhgiiessostefurnaeptvdieiorransonisnstmfeeomnernceehtregaarernbnediccyeitdxhsepeusescacptboeensndetsnaitoiconneibnooegrfdn2ceeu,r4gr,lr5ciego-nTivbtePlreuiasnaregte, cpcneororenwtscaeeincnntat.nruacsteeislolenodsf o(29f,49,25)-.TP .. ws2sirntua.au4nrtad.fge5ayri2-scnt,oeg4usTyf,dw5Psfy2r-taTeo1wtcmmePoarrsnush0sdrn.adya0uossle1crttstebeeuwmtecdorteafensa(0bdoc.ei2fefttoi1wneudwiepnegsaetpduhtenebrtcryfitna1(esc2s9dytea17hsm37tiwene)p.amadletneresxddircn)(sek91swo9i9sn82fag1o)s1.,fw5fiotatBhuWtweeenrteadwdssoteetefdtoerenentccthteori1scnoet9tante6eatd5eislnstimaainna0tietdt.0nsc(2o1o0(n99.np1e69cg82e/po,)nL.fgth/roLi1anOw0t)5ineo1iven9nseu7srla5ra,,fra1gbc9eue7t8
2,4,5-TP
62-15
dsdra1ueiae2rpgct4.agro5eerN)oas.tetnosdiAntdchgtoaahn1tttae9co27epo,n534nrt6,esr5tsat-juehiTtgdnieoP/yckncegesofoxonaiupfncfnoet2esdnf,uor4torrr,45adee-tsTmiiiaodnPrnouenfeiootsnaohflodsst2onho,ie4ssfu,p5dlnsia-itkwTeroetsarPleasyo.hgifnteeoMdina(b9aifara9repnk2wpnte)lse.ete,rgsbetlTiooagdfhsfiokdbeu9ellene7tlir,dtss/tau,lfesgroo/vrkrdiesgaytaethsdiaxniushpialtaotsivsvastauuleli(dyrl1anye,2bo,4fltear4on, md
623 HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS 2gt2oe.33xn..i7e7cr..C88aeo--lflfmyeTTcmcCCtoseDDnrocsDDiifad;.lpeerufaSeorrdorelmmy2tuoe,s4ala,obm5tefi-poTtclnhPeasseuhosoteafofdvx22,ei,c,44an,t,e5o5f-lt-fTeTeabPcPstetseamniraneassysptcouaohcdrnaitaitv,eatedebmdycwionwtenhalitltit.saehdicneoewxndpittaohhmsiugliorhnewacntoloten.vc2ee,Hl4ns,ot5row-afTetiPvoenras,retohfe 623.1 Animal Studies 623.1.1 Carcinogenicity comp2o,4u,n5d-TePithdeoresornaoltlyeolircitsuabncuitnacnreeoausesdly.tumor incidence in rodents administered the oeqraulilvyNaoalednimnt)cinrdeisaatiseleyrdefdoinrtch2iedyepenaocrteassos(i2fu0mt1u7m)s.aolrtsowfa2s,4r,e5p-TorPtedat idnomseasleofanudp fteom7a.l9emWgi/sktgar(arcaitds witnhaes0.d5oBi%be6stCerfg3oveFreliadt1o.i8nr mBfo6orAn3tKhswF,e(2emk13isc6ef)o.wlleoNrweoedosrigbanlyliyfaicdaamdnmitniiinsnitcsrtraeetraieosdne 4ion6f.6t1h2me1gipn/kpcgimdbe2wn,c/4de,5aoy-TfoPnfed2oa,p4ill,ya5s-imTnPs wdAoanssiemoIaonblfnssee2rws1ve5eerdtem.aogl./bk(sg2er12v3,e46d,)5-sfTuorbPc1us8utasmnpeeoonnudthselsdy. iinnAjgdeacimtineedtnhBoy6lsCisgu3nlFfi!ofixcoiardneBt o6innAcKrdeFaayjsem28iincoenfweaoigtphel.aasmsisngle r((21e6v10i3e76Nw)).CerdIel2cao,t4inv,s5ei-ldTyePrinssspbeenoctshiiftiictvahelelyfoo,rraadlltehatoneucdgtihsnugibtcahuaptasonsreseiobvuilesewmoendocuoosgtehenestriucdpeihefefsencbotyx.yInIhAneerRsbCiectihdaaelss. not
62-16 2,4,5-TP
623.1.2 Geootoxicity
titgnheesaentdoAewAtqomanxusdieacesutiertsayseestdosnoadfwyae2iytut,.h4sa,oil5nN.u-gtT(o2P8m0o.1steht6tra)eabrirnoeslspticuo(dnratioceettsdivswapneteoircoeignfei,fenoadou)tnmoodxefitcihnSoaadtlchmtietvohinlatiyettellwfraoaorttuuv2lrpd,e4h,bic5meo-TnuccrPoeiunrwmsnihid.neegnrAettdhesesptoetd in
623.13 Teratogenicity, Embryotaxkaty and Reproductive Effects
: i(eeb(na2xfyfcb0pelng1uocao8sRdtvres)ie.mdansogguafefPllectr2tolsseu,emn4gfos,tnea5fdasl-pal.TannayntPelsasSust6(penc-,or1opa5frnugetbtoutahlafieierns-dhgDieneeeyadsgdewtabo<Dltaesi0oylosl.iwn)0fri.5acaCatnspFtdhipweoemtcmneaarliraTecdenaCixeldoaxDvCmpeaDxoositcmns)rueaapwdltaaiacorntesnoyrarvbr2seinetc5puvao-ode1lrray0mtrle0ieoabddlnsmi.tbsigtyek/hMskeetglhwiec/tedtereaaorrUlyepaaShtoaontEflghosPeaom2nlA,m4aisce,li5ieae-nsTPin
.Ts(u2C1b3Dc7uAD)t.a)dnoweAsoaeusssioglayfndim1ifni.c5inadimnsimttMeeirn/tekhcdgyr/eltdaosasuyeClfoiDonrx-iImadpemapt(rieDcorenxMiaemliStawOhteee)rliygohon3rt9agg8lleaysimntiangtw/ikocagons/radnrlaeydpoaiookyrfsatec21de,42to,i5ntnh-eTrboPooutrhg(<ht0e1.s15t ppm ? sgethlxrigeophuo2tps,us4br,ua5etn-TwdsPteaw:rtDeaissMtaictsShasOololcuyigsaihhtneotsdwitgoewndiibftiheacnadanuatsveiigenrtncoairfgeiiecnaascfneredtetaa(islPnemcdi<odl0rievt.n0aecl1riet)wyodeofeigfcchrl2eet5.fa%tseAp.aninliBamtofeeat.thlsalrinwoujeeticegtshedtofawnidtha -- 1 Although contamination of 2,4,5-TP by. 2,3,7,8-TCDD may have contributed to . the teratogenic effects of this compound, the extent of this interaction is unclear.
,.-r. 623.1.4 Other Toxicologic Effects
'
wcroehpmiocbhrCitneordametnimeodfneefrercsocitfaaslnbayo2rt,e4hto,.5dx-ui.TceoPltooigsi2cc,ao4ln,5ta-asTmsPeisnsaamltoeendnet,tdotihfafeicv2ua,lr3ty.,7in,8Igt-TeisxCtneDnoDtt cwcloeitnahrta2wm,3hin,e7at,h8ne-tTroCtrhDaeD
623.1.4.1 Short-term Toxicity
. ow2r7ea6alkmSLnigeDgs/nkWss,gvoir(af3rlui9ate3acs3tui)tof,eonrrteootsfxhpieetchcitrteyiavtsegtlaeoynnm.dearcamhlloyuanisnedclwmuedirneeodrfeolpuivrneedrssaitoonndb, ekpio6ds5nt0eerymiodrga/mkqguaag(re2t1e(3r280m,15u59s).c)leaTnhde
2,4,5-TP
62-17
623.1.4.2 Subchrooic and Chronic Toxicity the cLhirtotlneicdaetfafecottsheorf t2h,a4n,5-rTePpoirntseoxpf eurnimpuebnltiaslheadnimDaolws. Chemical Co. data exist on 6b9co00un0tydtrlamRoyegalst/thkassenghrfioemtwderaseetla3dset0.rm0saHeoosntirftsatt26goi,0srp4to0,ia5cutam-hpTlolgyP(l/2oks2gwgi7ighc5Kni)cieu.fhxircaoaimsnnti4n5ra%(etadiouhn2ce,t4rri,obe5nvi-ceTiaidPnleedgecqroosuniwigtvtnaahisnleroinnaftgt)empdwaoalhlinyleyupntrirnoictpoitoymhnleepniadnerieegtdthlyeftcooorl hfaspohneoromdtaw8asaTe9stnodiwudciomragniyrctfsoreswiaemsnalhttashotelohweddfeeeb2adpse,ler4kacne,ga5osoll-nsieTnideoedPvnoid,,pdgoehemsgqno.oufscedpiedvDehaorao0lafetg.ta1nseas%tdefpvtevaoedKatrh5sludueo3riel%eooetsgfasafin2leccd,cao4tln,sdS5tcea-L(hcTi2anrP2(neia7n)ag5gsefi)enos.d0ri.tm0nhh1ueetlmhoadertoiiego0ltiln.vo0febo3cri%ronno8tfa9aKnoinuddnairenoygssdaotlhg,e SL kseeahqqtidouu1nwii0vveMe0yaad,slluee3lonnll0iittfvs0))eo,frnefao1mnar0(dna20dfl20aee7mbsko5oiraa)dvtlnee3f.este0hdy0aeL0ndmida1vpam0epla0rematgwp.a3epne0mdiG0ignhrfptoetbrpmwoewmattaahhtlmsfeoswieerrnanxacsmtetrssedlaeatleavehsctseeer.ldae.slaloaHsdtedidiisu1ettm0oaa0ptrays3pat0phclt0moonloopcf(gpe9i2mn2c,t4rep,(a5x2pt-a7miTmo7Pniapnscfpaioedtmrxioc9nea0pcitddafoyrs scra(sauhoennvbnedeoessaerperSqelcuiexxuuomdinteaDeinlv,inynete.mlflysaldatuiOaaimnsnsyceniceuss-erdMlwea(da2raeiist3nrehse0didpdon2auo)sast.twmofstoahesl1nr,el5yees20npe9avmplweydprgmeoae/rksrpeegedhsneag,ftptiotvirrciheelslens,asenoeifdontfaanhetidceelytrdarsinit.otfdiiroso,alTnplloeahrnwdloelosia1ntsdr0regogassdet3eidaoo1yfnosad).f2no,wd24sS,,ee45cisrg,-o.5eTnn-sPTogNbeoPefssfoctewerrrpodvao2psei1sssdpyonlienienn2g dbrs22bGphaaen,.wowhe46elpdpgyt//h,odd5sasmrorSi-aGatioTftofgyynGeelec/Pogdd2khwOfyg,ogrt4asihtTireica,nnhnid5salmde2ge-ollrwTespay8avBabePitle.tdensee2eh.alaodatsraispogfnsatoWBtr(l.2aevasrec,ita9ll4estiAdioll.otsgl,u9noa5aondhegr-tcstomTisisl(orgusr2Pfagnnenawdi0t/.btoikhe1sefltrtdiege7orocTwvre)sabdetdhpenlhtlcfoaireeshteaoosse.scadtxneteiininfigdcntiS0lcsiheue,vtiarpdeonvcceem0rx)otecnaoe.iinlee9sncdilnte0,iiocanfte,ryef2amfiofer.n0f.e26aea2i.mo2n,,sctt-4Mtei6yhtaa8oh,ds,e5telni.eiea2l-wo0drkTrrnw.doeei8Pkddflorar,aewineegsdeit29gensaidn.sry.v.es69eieeenanyewpnodeSmgnkororediarinagititldgti7ttrtcnenieheiai.eooda9vrectnblnayaitdmowith:lwniutbtaeoaoghieoantnsmqhdtdpaesemudyaucldietwnuliravhedwvieelaieteaenceydrletretieqopegaoonotdguhnhostfnsitsitdissova/StkfrstahfGoseesagleetdiedftumPuni,domTttayhslw,/eekags
62-18 2,4,5-TP tthoethoebseefrfveecdts loivfer2,c4h,5a-nTgPe.s in dogs could not, with any certainty, be attributed solely olivf etrhsAeadrnmudminceiosntnrgmaetuisotcinoosnoafoa5fn0dthmcehglr/okowgn/eidcrayerne2stp,e4ri,ri5tai-tsToPr(y17tpo).acssaNattgelceers.ofoprsy90redvaeyaslerdeseunlltaerdgeind, efrroiasibolne
623.2 Human and Epidemiologic Studies r 6233.1 Short-term Toxicologic Effects
2,4,5-LTitPtleexdpaotsauwreerine fhouumnadnisn. the literature pertaining to the acute health effects of ereffceocvSteserve(e5dn9w).maseTn8h0ae.n3ad%veo.rnaegewoammaonunotroalfly2,g4i,v5e-nTP1amngd/kitgs 2c,o4n,5j-uTgPateesxheixbcirteedtednoanaddverse . m(2g1/3k9Hg)/.uhmouarntdoerammaal xaimbsuomrptoiofn0.o09f52,m4,5g-/kTgP/hiosuerstwimheantedextpoosreadngsekinfroims w<e0t.w00it1h spray 623.2.2 Subchronic and Chronic Toxicologic Effects ^'.'.'itnomdxixiucesAdtervfipfaahelilceactnbsholexeomyfdic2haa,te4alrs,b5fi-docTuridPrlieonsanglgionm-ntceealurnmidunifnahhgcuutmm2u,r4aae,nn5sa-.eTnxdPp,oucssuher.loerTodpheahelreenwoailtrshe, o2nc,o3c,u7dp,a8at-atTioCtnoDalaDsesxeapsnsodstuhoretehetro expoRseeddutoce2d,4n,5e-rTvPe caolonndgucwtiiothn ovtehloecritpyhwenaosxryephoerrtbeidcidinesw(o2r1k4e0r)s. occupationally - sttcsht1ioauhh6esrgelsr0docugb7orcieeiComoacsaxipuatsndaiasshndsaeeare-s-ctntsc2iooavi(oo1mxn2exn3-ad2ayf5tn4aors.y2fglohduh,eleslTrnarep2iahnvtbd3en(ecie0cs-cre)if6ifaecrpd)ioalea.ciesdemnssoeedhAppmaebilhnraneeibetrdxoetneitinlrctvohotiyihbigxedreeuiyeewocirtprafiihrsooloeekecnrfmxrsottbopenotuadihfotficdansesiimiutdsseonheresfiueetsnUso,natito.fcnnuiiSnseftdcp.srcsrwiuotlweeuaepposaiodurrnssrickeel.nakaacdergentlrcuirsoio2sdnbnm,tece4esoia,xd5afipaone-naTonuymmsSncPecoeciddxona(ton2ngiutnfc0dorli2iesunrn5opsdeao)fhifi.vtofveeinriantdeiCnosunrsxaeacucysgleoeesassurend2oxti0fprn1iogse5sos,eftd
2,4,5-TP 6233 Levels of Concern
62-19
contaUmnidnearntthleevNelaftoiorn2a,l4,I5n-tTerPimallPorwimedariynDdrriinnkkiinngg wWaatteerrisR0eg.0u1lamtiogn/Ls., the maximum
lbcapaaihdddofoeivvvtplthdiiiuisssmTooolccarrrhehotyyi,eiienolsdiiisnUsssuraeSm000trnh...Ee003ea50sPa0tm7n.Ao2mi5dgsn,/g(eLmla03/iLd.k,7g2lue.i4/a,tkll2esytagsrsT)n/u.tdhodhmoaefaFyi0bsn.odR.eg0rrifsi7wDnsaauknim,te1ihndagi0ongn/-LuktHawe,tgeksaraatecteiplhemstoprihplafrdedteAc,teactwdtiiilvaohovyebefi.lsllyaeioot.FrendriroeieasIsr-stikdloayafiofsoye7rfw,ax0dspnat-seketoounelgnsemr-ucdtaeeradadrderay'uici,oltlitytuonha,.sonattgtdhheTefetenlhfhoeiehelcncougtnlarsmiegivfrseaoeek-trnrvtsie-ametrgfremeoerram
cdAn(2oroD0ni-n1osIk7ubTic)msnh.oegeprmvtwNieeosadAnt-efaSrrodo-,fNmvbetRawrdsCsoreeid-nl(ei2kftoef1inenr3csg)taonwrlfeeaavcctoceeoclmrne.otmpaftmTea7nhbi5ndel0eaedAtdMeDadagiIl/wykcgowai/nntdaectsareaynbkdtfaearosiare(lytAdid,oDoonagnIss)soutfiohmnf5ei.an52g25t.w52/o0g%iy/gLe/adooraffyft2ehae,ne4dd,i5tno-gTtaPlstuindy
herbiNciedieth. er OSHA (3539) nor the ACGIH (3005) have established criteria for this
623.4 Hazard Assessment
fpoobrresmeser2uvn,l4eca,det5i-ootTnofPsxtiochisifsea2fhf,e4migc,5htes-mlTyabPtneodraxriocceofcnctoofhonneuttaancmmhdlsiionnriaanonttpetedhrmepwnraoeiyttxhabyteviofaanrrmeysoiipnlfygotnohlsefeivbhealeelvsrabfoioilcafribd2sleo,e3sm.,d7eaC,8toao-TmfwCmtihDteherDcr.ieaglTarhde to the toxicity of 2,4,5-TP alone.
rfeedve2rNs,4ioo,5ns-iTginPniSfiinaclamtnhtoeninedlcilerateat(vs2ep0h1iin7m, tu2ur1miu3om6r).yinieAcliddseeidnncgneleewggaaetsnivooetborsxeeisrcuvitletyds.aisnsaeyitfhoerr hriasttsidoinremice
rgcraaeetsnssptnaoA(otn2ito5stneb-e1eri0(as20et0suot1mgna8ecbg,nll/ekii2ascg1hr)3.eef7daf)Tne.adchtteT,mtrhhpeiirfecsoiemrcteoi(am,~nrite3clr.yo9inb8acunltumioisnginv/ckerogef)eavstoeihrdeaienlnl2yc,c3elee,7xfo,tp8fo-ptsTaheCledaDtteteDo,raw2ct,aoo4sgn,5etr-aneTmipcPoiitnrydtaeunodrtfinft2ogo,r4t,hb5-iosTthP
AlivceurtTeehneezxyplmiovseeusrr(ea2n0tdo15k2)i.,d4n,5Te-yhTePapoiprnaedalurLcteDosMbmiesust6ch5ue0latrmarwgg/eekatgkonfroegrsasnt,hsdefeoprrarte2s,(s42i,o15n3-T8a)P.nd(F2c0ehw1a7n,log2ne2sg7-5itne)r. m exposure studies are available for 2,4,5-TP, and those that are available are primarily
62-20 2,4,5-TP bsaraedwlpvt/o)derraftsyoserfoeo9ffr0fuetcdwntapsoyuswybelpeiarsrrheosednd(u2ocs0tete1dud7d)hii.enisst.tohloeEgxliipcvaoelsrucorhefandogofegrssatiesnxpttohose1e0dli0vteporp2amn.6domfkgi2d,4n(a,e5cy-isdTP(e2q2(us7oi5vd)aiulwemnhti)le/kg 2e2r22if.,.3s444f0ke.,.5556cf--A-)toT.svrTTPoaTPtPifhleh,axemtebcpolhidoepxletserohvuhdereerusoleoemoponcpbhaaccmsenlueoenperndooanvealftets,tidodapoanironfrfaeoxedlscrisonlpeduf2oxtidc,onp4oextso,ini5essnats-.uanTurcmyePeosincsnaoattaarnronemcctolcsilumhinmsalaaiononisrtdnteosadp.tmrhhetoTeegonnahlrsogaetdxcuseiykendxgiphosetoefsturshddbewedeiihecfcisiiwcodnhnieiontstrid,rhvkiiaeeibcnvraudcsettlaeiuo(atd2anas0isn,nfe2ogsi5efrs,xeacd2ne2yst4,sh2eo,f
62.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS
'calgainoolnasrndsstethseprDaseorcneleodartsnulseeeyatcrrnsamiomintismnagpitencmliresovasaseemt;mnisopfedupinxleecletldehotdreafcdmacso2sateliw,mlo4tGehin,cpt5eohtll-doideiTonsfnP.bas3nlaaac0dmnnokdndlpasacl,bsyeetossndo.rtursarpahtaIgolontireiucoy.aalndtdaesSdnsboi,iateniillaoycnssnaooidnsmi.tdlsoppawClnitekhadateteerdewedrtaamiwsstraeaigrtmrtehertqpriienceuldeeqiss7ruseaimaddrmraeaesytpyoslccebooopsel,lfrlleeeqsscvcpautteemaeincoldiitpnGtlyiiennodgf
i '
vceBEsd8cEa(habpueetloon1ooeenxePeh.mgllrdt5rtgkcacuuyAeaabo0.aeninmlc,mss-cinEsuoustcvosaeManoicsPeiwpounntdtcehrrlAhrnimdeve,oa(rdiepetcieG-otfa,mhfrrahtsir5mglhouaosoptsl0euieaueoyamcodcap9sndtmredslrrotisBrthpiidtoniorr,nnodpe)ltgou8ggceivgaoeelxrsoa1rseoe-staariune5m,eatdrdtcrepsseild0hieeacothedrhwsemepspamteo)aip;nahir,rcppufntomnhetoeaohr2altvditd(ecndrhooer,reGsn4emotxanaiipd8dsh,acoblitC5e2mnouyxmet-chfa5d()rylyirToiManyma0yeGecrctePddsetosaeeoesseer(xfancltlt6ducoyfatminueGhsaodtr3lnnrpaymsooraei)r1nlsfert'dnhmyaoniteahctslhsieellhfo.itnyneii.5rotreqsresdledt2b0uo.tuerT,9ieieTmsear4bdoc5pshBl2ifn,ihyteet0seo5ede,a)encet94rr-ioealreasttTge,ByasGrinfr5csanGssPioiaia-imnsCndtcTas((mlehteciyiM1nurathcGPelsosp4hc)uysaeieoef2ilsemldcanioedtylon2ndo2ruhergoatc)enede,imoatn.c4dctxrbedcdnuh,pientryet5ivdcarreProitan-oaa8aeeGTrzitsnisaltcc2ssciornieuPotctCed5ozarmcepirbni0nuewdt/iodnrimsset)emvcnntogea.dttofewhagqdihtioonraveasryuvsraiItarsiqatgdacmdeentnthmuehyarmdnhesieanonlerpntemllapidltoolybset(yyn.vliemfMussecyzeGoiaattdtseseeerharArmeca,dixlmcoteisstatedoottapahmnostcrsowugidimoloatnoreermsiresilodcjntttavpexotehirfem(fpsepoletncyoM8aernhdntata.rfss1ahetioratcmue5ccderwaarlitrwt0inshtpexei)oecatdo.dthlnsudouthtrrhsd.oeee
sthame ppTlrehespe, aMEraPettAiohnopdrosofc8te1hd5eu0rseaasnmdrpel8ce2o5mex0mtr(ea6nc3td).eddSifoffoleirrd2fsr,a4om,m5p-TltehPse aaanrqeaulyiensoiiustisainllpyrsooecxiletrdaauncrdteeswdapwsrtiiemtharily in
2,4,5-TP
62-21
caocnetcoennet/reattheydl, eatnhderthuesnindgearivwartiiszte-da.ction shaker. The solvent extract is washed,
cacmthohqealruuttoehmmIooonbundatsstsaaodhsiganadarremiasetdpipbodhluneieyresseint(nco(3tg3r6t6ea4dh4cn0eee0d)rn,imvtor3laarey2ptt9ihhiuz4dioasg).det.hidsoTnpSdtleeoieemrpsfciaoeasrrtorniahbmlaatoelitaydodentnsiccasadeabnaelodlsrivpcqecerru,oiepibncdseeiocrsdcefliioohndarnrt-mbropaosmhehtvdaeaoest.upeoblghyderextanahtplorishanxoycy-lt-baia(oye3cne2irdg9wr4ehi)ate.htrebrTCich1tihe8daseens in
waaacqqahuusieeenToovouuyetpsdsiicssniaaandmmliac2ppa,llg4teeei,ssv5de-(aTnwinnPdaasMndt1aeeelstjyt,ejhsgcsio/stogdiiowlsfn8io,l2rlle5ivtmn0cao.ir)tbnysu-aawttrhqeiwtauhtsoehuociolnuadwsnstnbrsbuaebemmeinoelpobnlwettthsa..seiennAreTsadhintdeiigvenetiatewcyoctaftuaisaon1tlend-1wd0lmaeimttaeetitrcgtrst/iiLxfoaonnreffodf3lrei,mn4cto,i5stn.-T P
Aqueous Detection Limit 01..070/2i-g0/.L01(MMegt/hLo(dM8e1t5h0o)d 509B)
Non-Aqueous Detection Limit 1.1 /jg/g (Method 8150)
62-5 REFERENCES tNhoetye:apTpheearnoinnstehqeuemnatsiatelrnbuimblbioegrsraopfhyt.he references reflect the order of references as .
17. TGWooixlskiscienolislnogC, yoR.o.Ef ;CSommimthe,rcRia.Pl .;PrHododucgtes,, H5t.bC.;edB. rBadaldtoimcko,reJ:.ETh1e98W4.ilClialimniscaalnd 23. HYoarwkl:eyV, aGn.GN.o, setrda.n.1d9.81. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 10th ed. New 29. L(1A6e,voa,1i9Ala8b3l1ep9r8fer3po.amLreoTdgebcPhynatinhcdealMpDaeradatacmhbeeatmseer PSdreaortavjebiccates,se,PIIonsmscu.o,enNaNeowC.o2Yll4eogr(ked,,atCNeld.aYr.De)m.ecoenmt,bCerA . 34. Mackay, D. 1979. Finding fugacity feasible. Environ. Sci. Technol. 13:1218-1223. 35. M15a:c1k0a0y6,-1D01.;4.Patterson, S. 1981. Calculating fugacity. Environ. Sci. Technol. 36. M16a:c6k5a4yA, -D66.;0APatterson, S. 1982. Fugacity revisited. Environ. Sci. Technol.
62-22 2,4,5-TP
38. OMGc.aPccu.kOpis.aotDnio,HnFaH.lWSH.(;eNaSlIttOrhiScGoHfuf),idPReu.lSbin.l;iecsPatafiorortnriCdNhgoee,.m8Ii_c1Ja-.1l,2HJ3r.a.z1a9rd81s.. WNIaOshSiHng/tOonS:HUA.S. 54. NSiettwig,JeMrs.ey1:98N1o. yHesanPdubboloickatoiofnTs.oxic and Hazardous Chemicals. Park Ridge, 59. TPLeiobexrriacroRyleoovgfiyeMwDaeCdtaoicmiBnmaeni'stkteM(eT.EDDBL)ADRaStasbyassteem1,9N84a.tiAonvaaillaLbibleratrhyrooufgMh ethdeiciNnea,tioTnDaBl 60. MUU..1SS6..4CC65ooa.a1ss2tt GGCuuOaaMrrddD. I1(N9A7Sv8Ta.i.lCaWbHlaeRsIhUSiSnHgGtaoz.nPa,.rOdDo..,CuSs.:tCoDchkeepmNairocta.ml0e5Dn0at-t0oa1f2RT-0er0pa1on4rs7tp-oN2r)ot.a.tion, 63. SOUo.fSlfii.dceEWnovafisrStoeonl-imdPeWhnytaasilsctaPel,roCUthe.Sce.tmioEincPaAlA.Mgeentchyod1s9,82S.WT-e8s4t6,M2entdhoedds. fWorasEhvinalgutaotni,ngD.C.: 83. sdAPMuarsmitostaortmeecbciaaatCritsiooeeenrdspaAfsofoorgroraefttnRihoSceenyespe5b1ta4ey9r6m8ct3hbhf.ieenaCranMlod7m,aitnErp1dedu98utCpe3crro.aortPppiporrooneisrnpeatidaotniruoesPtndista,etofs9hof4oraNlnoptdahgptye.i8,o8AUnI1sna.Sclsc..iiPttEe1ers9dnio8vcr4iiuinr.troireUnesmnnLtievliynsettraosdlnitaitetahse 213. 3N.aWtioansahlinRgetosnea,rDch.GC:oNunatciioln(aNlRACca)d1e9m7y7.PDrreisns.king Water and Health, Volume 295. Underground injection control programs. 40CFR144 296. Maximum contaminant levels for organic chemicals - total trihalomethanes.
40CFR141.12(c) 298. Air contaminants. 29CFR1910.1000 309. Constituents prohibited as other than trace contaminants. 40CFR227.6 325. Hazardous wastes from non-specific sources. 40CFR261.31 347. Designation of hazardous substances. 40CFR116 355. Federal Register 1980. Water quality criteria documents; availability. 45:79318. 365. Bottled drinking water standards. 21CFR103.35
2,4,5-TP
62-23
507. mMaanteurfiaac!tuSraefrest.y Data Sheets and other safety-related data from chemical
511. A0EH7na6mvt,aieryPotaBhnmo8mad0,e-n2fHo2tar.1Kl0d.0R;e5teC.esrehmaernicn,hinJ.gLJ.a;tbhdoeerVactoeomrrayp,,aEtCi.biRnil.ci;tiynSntoaeftpi,hhaeOnzHasr,.dRoE.uDsP.;AwSaRstrteeopsm.o,rMtDu6.nL0i.0c,/i2p1-a98l800-.
533. C19o7u5n.c(il75o/f44E0u/EroEpCe-aOnJCLom19m4,u2n5itiJeuslyDi1r9e7c5ti)v.e on Drinking Water. 16 June
534. 8CoDuencceiml obferEu1r9o7p5.ea(n76C/1o6m0/mEEunCit-iOesJ DLi3r1e,ct5ivFeeobnruBarayth1in9g76W). ater Quality.
535. SCuobusntcainlcoesf.E4uMroapyea1n97C6o. m(7m6/u4n6i4ti/eEsEDCi-rOecJtiLve12o9n, 1th8eMDaiysch1a97rg6e). of Dangerous
537. CShoeulnlfcisilhoWf Eatuerros.pe3a0nOCcotombmerun1i9t7ie9s. D(7i9r/e9c2t3iv/Ee EoCn-tOhJe LQ2u8a1li,ty10RNeqouviermedbeorf 1979).
538. C19o7u9n.c(il80o/f68E/EurEoCp-eOanJ CL2o0m,m26unJiatineusaDryire1c9t8i0v)e. on Groundwater. 17 December
540. IC1n9ot8ue0nn)dci(eladmoffeonErduHerdoupmbeyaann81CC/8oo5nm8s/umEmuEpnCtiti)oi.ens D19i8re0c. t(i8v0e/7R7e8l/aEtiEnCg-tOoJthLe22Q9u, a3l0ityAoufguWstater
541. 8DC139oa/7un266ng;4eca/irlEsoEuoasfCmE;Seuun8brd3ose/t2pda6en4abc/nyeEsDEC. Cio2rm7eacmJntuiduvlyne8si3t1i7/9e497s7/668D.6/Ei3(r7E/eE6cC/Et7i)Cv6.e9;/Eo8n2E/C8M0-O6a/rJEkEeLtCi2n;6g28,a2n2/87d28SU/eEspeEteCom;fber
542. 2C0ouMncairlchof1E97u8r.opean Communities Directive on Toxic and Dangerous Waste.
659. euVsnatcilmeureatsatiiwonn.er(eSeesetiImnatrtoeddubcytioAnr,thVuorl.D1.).LVitatlleu,esInoc.f ulessisngthKanowonaes tahree bvearsyis of
787. AM7OLC5abuca/butg4roeu0ncblh9scletii/nlEr1g1oE9917fCo69077fE,;;9uD1,7ar41as8o/n3pJ1ag/u4e4me4al6ry/ne7oEn/u1EEdC9seCE7odS5mC,;ub,2mb7y9s26ut9/6naM99ni0Jta/ciu78ree/l1cssyE/h.EED12EC19i7r9C8,e73J,c13)ut;.01inv97eDe3Me/1o1c9na4e6r6m7cC/.hEbla(Ee61srCs97i6/f,15i99c42;7a586t7/i;E0Jo/unE71,n98Ce/P98/a-3E1c19OEk/7EaCJ3gE;,iLCn11g,4961a,5nd16,
62-24 2,4,5-TP
891. 5gF0ue:di4de0er6lai7nl2eR.s,egpirsetterrea1t9m85en. tPsetsatnicdidaredcs,heamndicanleswcastoeugrocrey peeffrlfuoernmtalnimceitsattaino,ndsards. 980. Silvex; tolerances for residues. 40CFR180.340. 988. Characteristic of EP toxicity. 40CFR261.24. 989. Concentration limits. 40CFR264.96, 991. cMhaloxrimopuhmencooxnytsa.m4i0nCanFtRlle4v1e.lls2(faor)(bo)r.ganic chemicals - chlorinated hydrocarbons, 992. oFregdaenriacl cRheegmisitcearls,19in8o5r.gNanaitciocnhaelmpirciamlsaraynddrimnkicirnogorwgaatneirsmresg. u5l0a:t4io6n9s3;6.synthetic 1118. TChome pBernitdisiuhmCr7otph Pedriottieocnt,ioWn oCrtohuinncgi,l C1.9R8.3;.WThalekePre,sSti.cBid.,eedMs,anLuoanl:doAn,WEonrgldland. 1219. Values were estimated by Arthur D. Little, Inc. 1244. sOGeacletrcotrtbeeedlrl, e1Ml9e7Jm8.;en-CtSsreapauntned,mJob.tCeh.r;erP19co7hd9er.mebJia.craAalsscs,ionDc..iSnO.f;afnfG.tuAannnddaelr.tsoCodnhd,elemEr..Lt6o.8t1a:89l48d25i-.e8tP61esas.tmicpidleess., 1245. sG1e9al7er8ctrtee-dllS,eeMpletJmem.;enbCet,rraau1nn9d,79Jo..tChJ..e;rAPcsoshdoercme.biOcaarflafs.c,iAnDna.aSdl..u;lCtGhtueonmtad.le6rds8io:e8nt2,s6aE-m8.L7p5l.e1s9.8O5.ctPoebsetricides, 1422. AExmaemriicnaantioPnubolficWHaetearlthanAdssWocaisatteiwonate(Ar P1H6thA)ed1.98W5.asShtianngdtaornd, DM.eCth.:odAsPfHorAt.he 1565. lFaidsetdjiunesrgtamolefRnhtesag;zisaptrredoropu1os9se8wd6a. srHtuela;ez.na5ro1dti:of2iu1csa6t4wi8oa.nsteremquainreamgeemntesn;trseypsotermta;bliedeqnutaifnictiatytion and 1607. oMVInnotolent.rhon1ega5rt.EaiopGvnahealsnuleaoAvtniago:etnhnWecoyofErtflvohdarelHuRCaeetaaisroletcnahinrocoOhfgreCgonaafincrCiczRiaanintosickogeneron. fi(cICARhRiesCmk)ioca1fl9sC77ht.oemWMiocaarnlk.sinItAgoRGHCruomuapns. 1793. 3P7r3opFoisnaall.fo4r JaulCyo1u9n8c5i.l Directive on the Dumping of Waste at Sea. Com (85)
2,4,5-TP
62-25
1850. OYatosocxscuoicucnopigalao,ttgeAidyo.,nLdae.i;nlovxaCiinrnado.lcnRaEmgnenepvnioi,trraJotln.ANmfa;oet.enT,thUaaalSnlkAdHeFenha,uDltmChEa.EHnL.L;arb-iTs7okr8rea-mo9tof2br,lHyaU,ye,r.BSbJr.i.ocWAoidki.res1FOA9o7rF8raBc.ne,gTeThXean. d its
1852. EGnuvmirmoner.,SWci..DR.es1.98106.:3P4e5s-t3i7ci2d.e monitoring in the prairies of western Canada.
1862. sFtohrueaitnrhkeu,rsnRe.;OinSnietraloernviose,,nGCaaJgnr.aicd1u9al8tu01.r9a7Cl5h-w1loa9rt7eo7rp.hsShecnei.odxsTyoatnaadnldtEhcnehvilriorroloonsb.se1nt5oz:o1si4tcr9ea-a1cm6id7.wheartebricsidines;
1863. dMFerocaonnniktt,oarRmin.;ignSaJitroioounnrsn,oaflGw1J3.e;:l1lR2w0ipa-1ltee2yr7s,. Bin.DO.n1t9a7r9io.,HCearnbaidciade19c6o9n-t7a8m. iPneasttioicnidaensd
1864. hJWReraBbshicAiindsgsetosocnaia,ntdDesCas.1s9Po8cB1i.a8tRe2de-1vd4ie7iow4x1io4n.sf.liPterreaptaurreedofnorhVerebteicriadness, Aindcmluidniinstgraptihoenn,oxy
1865. 2aWg,4rh-iiDctuel,itnuArraWul n.w,oafJftre.f;rrsoAhmesmd.pulJso.stesEnnr,evLcire.oEivn.i;.nHgQausuiamsl.eur5l,a:t4Ee8d.7W-r4.;a9i0nT.fuarllnbaunldl, fJr.oWm. a19s7m6a. lLl oss of
1871. hCearsboinc,idRes.;. PRreoecd.,OLk.Wla.. A1c9a7d7.. CSchi.em57is:t1r1y6-o1f1t8w. o clay systems and three phenoxy
1878. IOHnWoteurRsitoTorn-,A,O-C0f.f5Wi0c-e.R1oI9f,7NW5.TaBItSeiordNReoge.rsaePadBract2hio4n6ano2d7f3Ta.qecuhantioclopgoyll,uRtaenptos.rtRNepoo.rt to Dept, of
1895. APUBr.Sl8i.n0gE-2tno1vn2i,6r6oV5nA.m:enStpaelcPiarlotPeecsttioicnidAe gRenevciyew19D79iv..;2,R4,5ep-To:rtPNosioti.onEPDAo/cSuPmReDn-t801/.76,
1896. tKohxiacriety, Lo.f; hDeurbbiecyid, ePs..SB. i1o9r7e9s.eaRrcohle3o:1f1l-i1g5h.t and temperature in reducing the
1897. Sn(2ak,tu4u,rr5laa-tltrowivc,ahtlYeor.rIso..;pJhZ.eeAnpogpxr,iycR).a.cFGeo.t;oicdBaaCcuihdgehmamn.ad3n1,4:-G1a0m.6Li5n-o11-09378,135..,6P-throicthollyosriospricaotleisniocfacid in
1908. aNpapslhie,dR.tGo.;tuBrfeainll,chMa.mL.b,eJrrs. a1n9d80f.ieDldistprliobtus.tioJ.nAogfriscil.vFexo,o2d,4C-Dhe,man. d28T:6C1D4-D623.
62-26 2,4,5-TP
1909. Oacuti.oLn.To.f; aSqikukaati,cHm.Cic.ro1o9r7g7a.nEisxmtse.nsJi.vAe gdreicg.raFdoaotdionChoefmsi.lv2e5x:1b3y36s-y1n3e3r9g.istic
1910. A19le0x9a)nder, M; Aleem, M.LH. 1961. J. Agric. Food Chem. 9:44. (As cited in
1911. 2B6u:r2g4e3r., (KA.;s McitaecdRiane,1I9.0C9.;) Alexander, M. 1962. Soil Sei. Soc. Amer. Proc.
. 2015. dNEUono.Scv.u.i6rmEo0enn0nmv/Xtire-fon8ont4ram-l12e8C(n23rt-,a4i1tl,e.5rP-CitarrioniactcenhicndlotnirAoaontspis,hAeOesgnsHemon:xecynUy)t.S(pOU.rofSEfpiEnciovPen.iAriPoc)nBam1c98ie8d6n5-t.1(a21lD,74rP9,i52rn-o6kTt.iePncg)t.iowEnaPtAAergeRcnreciptyeo,rriat
2016. Aifnonr2dp0e1ors5sso)inb,leKmJ.u;taLgeeignhictyp, rEo.pGer.;tiTesa.kJa.hAasghrii,c.MF.Too. d19C7h2e. mE.va2l0u:a6t4i9o-n65o6f. h(eArsbicciitdeeds
2017. j
IG(nSe:thoCrcikhnhlgoo,rlimPnJa)t.;e2d7B:1ep2ths2eo-n,1o3Jx3.yE. .(aAc1i9sd7sc8i.atenPddheitnnhoe2xir0y1d5ai)coixdisn:s.efCfe.cRtsamanedl. fEatde., inEcmola.mBmualll.s.
J*2018. (dUAo.sScu.cmiEteendnvtiirno1n/22m0/31e.5nO)taflfiPcerootefcptieosnticAid.geenpcryog(rUamSE, PUA.S). 1E9P79A. SNilTveIxS: PpBos-i8t0io-n213895,
;2025. i
IsEnadrri.ckoMsmsoeands,. aM3n8.d:;27Hex-a3pr3od.seullr,eLt.o; Bcheergm,icNa.lOs.u; bMstalnlecre,s:Ta.; cAasxee-lrsoefne,reOn.t 1s9tu8d1y. .SBorft.-tJi.ssue
2104. aRceidu.beSre,i.MT.oDta. l1E98n3v.irCona.rc3i1n:o2g0e3n-i2c1it8y. and toxicity of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic
2135. UaWa(2cn.,iSad4ds.,,5hEE-2intn,nr3vgvi,itc7irohr,on8olno-,ntmrmeDotep.renCanht.ctae:ahnlllUooAPx.rSsyors.)odeatsiEcebsencmettvniieicozrnonoat-n.cpAmiP-ddgeBein(on82tx1c,ai4y-ln,25P3(-(U4TrT8oS)C2t,Ee5D(cP.2tDAi,4o)),n.5. -EAt1rP9gi8Ace1hn-.lc6oyR0r,0ois/Opk6h-f8efain1sc-soe0ex0soys3)fm.pHreoneptailoothnnic
2136. EPt(IuAne.mRntsee.or;csrs,iitP,gJeaJed.Rl.nloi.i1cMnt9iat6.,2y;91A.iU0nJ4Bll.mi;aoananiBcdsdeas,:at2Beya1s.M,3op5Rfr.);e.pRlViem.s;atilinFecariadirlokye,s,nMHaon..tLGde...;;iJnG.PdaNuertsarttt,ro.icJaeCJll.lac;in,hKceLemlr;eiicnIFan,ilsssMth.bf.o4;er2iMn:1,i1tL0ch1;-e1Hll1,a1rI4t.;,.
2,4,5-TP
62-27
2137. CDoeuvretlonpeym, eKn.tDI.nd19ex7.7.APrrcehn.aEtanlvierfofnec.tCs oonftahmer.biTcoidxeisc:olE. v6a:3lu3a-4ti6o.n by the Prenatal
2138. aaRsnosdowc2eia,,4tV,e5d.-KTw.;tityHhpyetmhheaeisrr,bTuics.ieAd.eAs1m9a5n.4dJ. .aSVnumeetvm.aaRlureyast.oiof1n5t:oo6xf2i2cto-h6leo2g9hi.caa(zAlarsidncftoitoremdliavitenisot2no0c1ok5n) 2,4-D
2139. GMaanngasgtea.d,21E:1O98. 31.983. Benefit/risk analysis of silvex cancellation. J. Aquat. Plant
2140. cpSohinnegdneuorxc,tyRioh.n;erMvbeiolcosicdeiset,.yMEstn.u;vdiVrieoasnlc.ouRfikweasso.,r2kJ9.e;:r2sL9ie7lim-s3,p1Rl1o..y;(eSAdesliinkciottfehfd,e JimnJa.2n10u91f85a2)c..tuNreerovfe
2242. C19o8o1k,(ARs.Rc.ite1d98i1n. 2D0i1o5x)in, chloracne and soft tissue sarcoma. Lancet, March 14,
2275. WMueelldisoCno, nWfe.rRe.nc1e96169.:4S2o0m-4e35to. xicological aspects of silvex. Proceed. Southern ;
2302. aWnrdigbhito,cFh.eCm.;icPalalemffeerc,tJs.So.;f sHiluvnext, oLnMsh. e1e9p6.6A. mPr.elJi.mVineatr.yRsetus.dy27o:1n72to-1x7ic6o.logy
2306. cMhloosreisn,aMted.; pSehleiknooflsf,. ILJa.nc1e9t811.(8S3o4ft5)t:i1s3su7e0.sJaurcnoem, a2,0.p(hAensocxiytedheirnbi2c0id1e5s) and
2307. Interim Tolerances. 40CFR180.319
3005. AGEGxCoopvvGoeesrrIunnHrmmeReeInnenttcaadollimcIIemnnsddefuunossrdttrrai1itaai9lol8nH8sH-y1yfg9ogi8rei9en.n1isi9tsC8st.s8i,n-1cT19i9nh88nr98e,a.stAhi,omlOdehrLiiocia:mnAitCmVoeanrlifuceaernsenaCcneodnofBfeiroelnocgeicaolf
3180. o5D1fe:pH4a2ar1zt7am7r,ednoatundsofS1uT9b8rs7at,nas5np2co:e4rs8ta2atn5io.dn4R91e9Cp8oF6r.RtaH1b7al2ze.a1Qr0d1uoauAnsptiMptieeanst.deirFxieadAls. TRreagnisspl,or1t9a8t6io,n, List
3294. olHiqfoupkidhe,ecnSho.rxHoy.m-;aaBctirodugerhagepgrehbmyic.aidJne.nsC, uhEsriEonmg; asBtooalgixdrt.epr3,h5aL7s:Je4.2;e9xT-t4rr3ya2bc.utiso,nTa. n1d98h6i.ghD-epteerrfmorimnaatniocne
3501. NWeawterYoSrtakndPaurbdlsic, CDordinekiRnegviWsioante,reSffteacntdivaerds1/91/98899.. New York Public Drinking
3504, ENfafteicotnsalofInCshtietmutiecaflorSuObcsctuanpcaetiso.nOalnlSinaefetfyilea,nJdanHueaarylt.h 1989. Registry of Toxic
62-28 2,4,5-TP
3539, rOuclce.upFaetdio. nRaelgSisaLfet5y4:a2n3d32H. ealth Administration 1989. Air contaminants: final 3640. cSahnhrdeormmnaaatt,uorJga.rla1wp9h8ay6te..rJD.seaLtmeiqrpm.leCisnhabrtoyiomsnoaltoiodfg-rpt.rhi9aa(zs1ein6ee)3xat4rn3ad3c-tc3iho4nl3o8rap.nhdenqouxayn-taictaidtivheertbhiicnidlaeyser .3682. VoStfearVtmeeroomnftoVnGetrrmoCuhonnadpttWGerraot1eu2rn. dPrWotaetcetrioPnrRotuelcetioanndRSutlreataengdy,Setfrfaetcetgivye199/8289./8S8t.atSetaotfe i-.3683. dSotactuemWenattaetrioPnr.oDgreacmems bTeerle1p9h8o8nethSrouurvgehyF1e9b8r9u.arPyer1s9o8n9a.l communication and 3742. hU1e9.aS8l9.t)hE. navdivriosnormyentatballe.PrOoftfeiccteioonf ADgreinnkciyng19W89a.teDrr,iWnkainshginwgattoenr, sDtaCn.da(rMdsayan5d, , 3744. IOUn.ffSfoi.crmeE,naCvtiiiornnocninSmnyesantteit,malO. PHOr.noltiencetiofinle.AUge.Sn.cyEn1v9i8r9o.nImReInSt.alInCtergitreartieadanRdiskAssessment ;:3751. SUUtn.aSdn.edErarn1dv9si8rDo6niAvmimseinoetnna,dlmUP.erSno.ttseEctPtoiAont,hJeAugSneaenfec5y,D11r99i8n87k7..inFDgarcWitnkaStihneergetAW.cat.teCrrRiteergiualaatniodns . 3759. cUCh.FSeRm. 1iEc4na1lv,si,roinnomrgenantaicl Pchreomteicctaiolsn, aAngdenmcyicr1o9o8r5g.anNisPmDsW. FRed-. SRyengtihset.tic50o:4rg6a9n36ic. 40 3764, hUa.Sza. rEdnouvisrosunbmsetanntaclesP. rFoetedc.tRioengiAstg.e5n1c:y341594876,. 4R0epCoFrRta1b1l7e.3q.uTaanbtiltei.es of 3766. qCUuF.SaR.n3tEi0tni2ev.s4i,ro(aCnnmdEeRnnCotatLilfAiPc)ar.toitoenctoiofnhaAzgaerndcoyus19su8b6.stDanecseigs.naFteiodn. ,Rreegpiostr.ta5b1l:e34534. 40 3775. gDUrC.oSu.nEdn-wviartoenrmmenontaitloPrirnogt.ecFteiodn. RAeggeinstc.y5129:28579.4L2i.st40ofChFaRza2r6d4ouasndco2n7s0titAupenptesndfoixr 3781. c4Uo0.nSCt.aFmERnin1va4irn1otns(mSaAnendRtaAfilrsSPtercdotrtieioncnktiion1n1g0Aw).gaetenrcypr1io9r8i8ty. Nlisott.icFeedo.f Rsuebgissttit.u5te3d:1892-1902.
2,4,5-TP
62-29
3782. HCUF.aSzR.a1rE4dn8ov.uisrownamsetentdailspPorsoatlecitnijoenctiAognenrecsytr1ic9t8io8n. sU. nFdeedr.gRroeugnisdLin53je:3ct0i9o0n8.co4n0trol;
3783. hAUap.zSpa.erEnddonuivxsirVownIaImsIt.eens:taHl aPzraortdeocutisoncoAnsgteitnuceynt1s9.8F8.edIdeRnetgifiiscLat5io3n:1a3n3d88li.st4in0gCoFfR261
3784. whUaa.Szsa.terEdnnouuvmsirbownearmsst.eensF:teaddli.sPcRraeorgtdeiescdLtioc5no3m:A1m3g3ee8rnc4ci.ya4l10c9h8Ce8mF. RiIcda2el6nUptirf3oic.dautciotsn aanndd tlhisetiirnghaozfardous
3786. RtUhe.iSrgd.isEts.cnh5ve3ird:o3un1le1md3e8nw-t3aa1sl2te2Ps2r:.oWt4e0catsCitoeFnRsAp2e6gc8ei.nf3icc2y.p1r9o8h8ib. iLtiaonnds-Cdiaslpifoosmaliarelsisttricwtaiosntess.foFredfi.rst
3801. (UM.SC. LEsn)vfiorornomrgeanntaicl cPhreomteicctailosn. 4A0geCnFcRy114917.192. .Maximum contaminant levels
3840. WWiissccoonnssiinn AAddmmiinniissttrraattiivvee CCooddee CChhaapptteerr N19R881.40G.1r0oundwater Quality Standards
3933. oMNfaetTdiooicnxiaincleE'IsnfsMfeticEttusDteoLfoAfCROhSecmcsyuiscptaaelmtiSo.unbasltaSnacfeetsyDaantdabHaesaeltNhat(iNonIOalSLHi)b.ra1r9y88o.fRegistry
3977. aUv.aSi.laEbnilvitiyr.onFmede.ntRaelgPisrto. t5e2c(ti1o7n5)A:3g4e2n9c4y. 1987. Drinking water health advisories
23,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
CSYT22D2(OcpB^33hCNi-cMe,dJ,,lh77r7oDOEiJo,,o,rM888DonXonN---rdTnTTloOY,id4beeCNMi)ttebDrrDneaaSinzDa--oz:rQ-in
CN17AIH4OS6PS-30RH51E0-60NG0O,0N:0O: FORMULA: STRUCTURE:
c l i T V Y ^ r 01 ci
63-1
AFAIRCTWO/RV aCtO2N5VCERSION 01.30.7166 pmpgm/m3~ 11 pmpgm/m; 3 M3O2L1.E96CULAR WEIGHT:
REACTIVITY
cTr(SoehaneicesstiidsCvueihtrbyeasdptaatnnesdircme6fill1iaas.mr)amantardbaiclseiutybcoohnradtzaianmraditnseaontoft dtinhioox2si,en4,o5a-frTe2.,t4hT,e5hr-Teefore
CPHHDEYAMSTIICCAOA-L
SVHLSBSBFASOFODFVCPuoao(llhoiriouoeaeddaaaostilre6g3ayni(((nlpotlucdsomtclofaaaet.so0hsiorroar.bo1mriAtttnz(ii52m:yscrc5nt:igOeCgi.0laTdy'P22e2st0nci/alP:tcyM0so50ohtN.0mibPCyCoTto:LrntirSalnioCrFCoeVCe)oCeeeeaoNitnpist7lna,nsal))mwnnN):tsooD..hoLct(su2tierlt2ooWio:nPiaC8-rTooC:lmldN3lWeetordneoda4aoaA:s:(iioDm::etntt0naasSaitesafrttt)seot:pfra:t21:tec.NNpl:o..2:i..r::o4de35ooN3m3wr0,0P120t.oCNE1Eddh0ic.pa.29nt.3ra0a-)rioo6+.0t0eyt0tt00tp0sea0aEni9s00EetEet5tpi-sEaro+m0-tetl0n-o5l0rim0i5ntn62CimenenHoemgten/gLgftf/.m):3
((22114411))
(2141) (2)
(2340) (1219) (2343)
(2183,2184,2185) (2168) ((265196)9)
63 2 PINERWSTYSHAISSETTTEEESRMONICLE-
23,7,8-TETRACIILORODIBENZXDPDIOXIN vnpbsiceapb2tmohoxobr,iroe3ornpeleopstabd,dcepte7otsaeeeoncoei,rodxgm8lntmrctiiepra-tzelfiTd/iai2inaengennd.o,cttCsar3aei.ta;foot,ndeDtiV7unosdoitP,Dountant8nhthofrdtp-rrofToeio-oaosatowrtfrCnmhcobfe-aseedtuDepxft2r-esoneaphaD,uurgrr3dpnaeaprrm,ecpssps7fwaprpetyalai,deeliid8oscytetrdadtir-ehdimoetTintifinmntsgofsCocopouonoserpDigsitdnlbnolrirsiuDotvc6eosoapneeim-cumrea1srehnosaxret2asaieodnytlpsnnasis,wmiceda;tsnblcibtateevceittArstesonheeroueesnldlaternmbtynianshggsliiatsnoiessroamlyssquioenfoeonpucgmibdaixrcoalhoeleppsaottsnr.intoebtsotticetoohinlbdtnmeeiee,nodeiifnttthoies
PEAXTPHOOWSFUARYES
wuiTglaimrqkpahoupetteuaelaoykrntrpiedtrctsaoiwymbnosaytortategcreecmcayrxrunoppdriipossramssiitnnuthshfkrwrmeeioonarmomygpsadtiowsgtohofsramiiwatcltestueoairsaonyitsntcsiiciueonuorpnannfpssnl.oil2ikifmme,re3Bsoale,,ymi7losai,tn8alotmtc-shhTtcabaeouCyneumsDcgboseuhieDisllg/,agntatthbriniofooiuisncutanisnbdtyn-. ot
HHEADAZALATTRAHD
Signs and Symptoms of Short-term Human Exposure: mtlcAaoheccslenlsuue,_tt,leaat_hrhr_egye_femipf_mtea_iccmto_otr_suatgo_ntaorx_inotfi:_ycp_2,fihto_,yya3l_,l,n,o_7dptw_,h8s_idry-n_oTecg_amhC_toahbD_lco.o_Dugc_tiyT_cete_ahoxel_pepx:e_aopln_lsiotviu_esae_rru,rae_rst_eaiui.o_pnpn_pcps_leur,_aedr_wses_sei_itcog_ohnh_ltbo_ore_fo_-
23,7^-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
63-3
HHEAAZLATRHD (DCAonTtA.)
Acute Toxicity Studies: (3744) LLLOLLLDDDDDDRj,,Ao L202111:.01115/554i/g7/i//i/gtigk//ggi/kg/kg/kkg/gkggg LD 1 /ig/kg
RMRMHGDaaoauoobtgminunbksseietteaeyrPig
SKIN: LTDD^ 217057 //iigg//kkgg LDlo 80 /ig/kg
HRMauobmubsaietn
NdIEdLlPGCgiAoivoroPTaesneesRntrnAPreugacgoCsndri-tfnbTaooub--oa-tnxenegonrciselcNGGtexcocmyuotvniieiorrw/cftioiNsoodvfhn:cn_iEuueiuceet,_taDpnfphiomye_fdpacnoaen_vaB2seeCctsat_esnarBett2lirs_ii:seagenp:s)_psvn((ehDs_rppiePheido_Crrodfaurride_eostiachmnmapsub_alli:rcc_oaatbaioneir_bnlrondyae_iTlsnglieucu)_yn:ecnrc_mrahoetna_ariu,paenv_tcmatgoeii_gemntagaa_rhoetesnan_yiftgnvl_arf,seieecli_cnca_aca_tintr_nic_ousncd_d_x_li_cni__acpe_io__nirns_gt__syiya_em,__cdn__h_iae;_mF__ilqa_s__eput__t_raaa_oi__tict_tr__eo_e__xd___i_c__,
63-4 PRHEACN(2AD3U4L5TI)NIOGNS
23,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN bATwesbcfapceanppyaxooiqpiorieohilrltncpttmleucpaosrehtetsoutystaiiochpbseplusserroneouadeiiuprpeanuenttrm.rptoeticcaettpucceadrleaeao-taysrcTdir,cdve.nooinhwetswehelontnleeamrieaepwiTpdotosaotcyhtaetrhptilotfyieotlrnohnir,hrpmvbaabndfonepeueuuteasonoeer2exlhnobnrdreledcC,iarod3lvsl-l,evifoduw,ereaia;7sooetn(riulnruocshS,diltgoyb8datphepvaiaprb-snepoeepcrcprTrtdegrnsioaolmideorei,Ccannnsei)scpebefssdsauiDtesannputolaiix-lsiebsfDtosseracveotsrieeestieetlpirma-,vaoiacxsawdevbyehpcfpnrbreessei(looreodatmelTea,reasuhesptlpsyugfeatllgzsrsda-esivdTlnhrlieurcohdmopeedsoaoCrvobvkpsiutenineTuueteonDemlotssrlrdrsyaad.D)ae,eeovtialvdelndciw,einfmbqsofoeke-diauecicndtdoodooihasddcurdeuvn,inbldssieseoftdsrtbtie.uarspseuodaliuoaolnrte.lIrtfyslxehfealada,ibenxlge
ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCRCITUEPRAITAIONAL STANDARDS AND
AIR EXPOSURE LIMITS: StanOAdFSarOHdSAsHTPWEAL(8(-8h-rh)r: TNWoAne): esNtaobnliesheesdtablished C ritAANerICCiOaGGSIIHHH ITSDTLLEVHL(R(()3105(--8rm-ahiinnr)):T: WNNAoo)nn:ee eNessottaanbbelliiseshshteeaddblished
WATER EXPOSURE LIMITS: DrMinCkLinGg W(teantteartiSvtea)n:da0rds (3742)
23,7^-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN ENVIRONMENTAL ANCDRIOTCECRUIAPA(CToIOotN.)AL STANDARDS AND
63 5
EIthnPetAhfoeHllaoebwaslitenhngcAeHdoevafisltfoohrrimAesdalavnidsdorirnCiekasinnwcgehwricaRhteisprkrsotLvaeindvdeealrssdpse,citfhice aEdPvAicehoans dtheveelloevpeelds boef caonnttiacimpainteadn.ts in drinking water at which adverse health effects would not - 1-day (child): IE-03 jig/L ---- llI1ooE0nn--ggd0eea4rry--ctt(eeacrrnhmmciledr(()ac:rhdisiulkIdlEt))l:-:e0v4eI4lEE:ji--g002/5L5E-ffi0igg5//LLjjg/L WNHoOinDforrinmkaintigonWaavtaeirlaGblue.ideline E PAH-- uAmmaeiBcaaB1nbnsonm.aatc4irisesrEbrmHaeeneeit-ddaeteast0naspat8ooWeeilto,ntdnndnhwaa1dbctiit.aei(nn4aolnt2reEggneg1beerc-Ql4ss0eeet1cttru9voiio)ooe1anrmlnn.lI3iicEstgaEekyoo-/tn-L0ff0otCt5,r7chcf,raoo,riistIentnIi1eEsEotttrp.aain-3i-mem0ma0Esc56e-itis,,nn,i0hv8aaIteIotthEElueeaye-ddl-n.0d0dl67eawbvq1aaceeu.tnal3easdznErtecit-crehIa0orEna9o.dt-rr0gimS7satagkiqna/noLuyiacsva,remerterreiszcese1sutooprh.l4nrtoeeElgcyiamtn-l,ii0nvfa7tieaeysh,tnlmiyemn.sol,eetvtahebrleese A- quacNatihccourtotLeneiifnvceoavul(ua2gel1hus4e1dfso)aratarseoamr<e0e.a0fvr1aeislfhaigb/wlLea.tteoraslploewciedserairveat>io1n.0ofjcurgi/tLeriaS.omTehe
REFERENCE DOSES: ORAL: 1.000E-06 fig/kg/day (3744)
J
63-6 23,7^-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
REGULATORY STATUS (as of 01-MAR-89)
P roFmeudlse2piCtmegnhtlr3raaeldeiaee.sntctu7taleatdrs.cndrlP8etahorar-rfpeRyWdTitomnlmsegaCaaigristentcaaiDhunednanmilrtDlngadpstgArhil(geoiaa3cs(ugnnv3t7uiltse76di.ls67ae(btlt8C)eiei,)dnoWe.snentasseALsas()fiem3aomt5rti1ieotnn,alxeet3itciwco7htrn6epai3sconf)lvo.dlpaulloretoEwyaxwnfeidfittrln,eiungpgesgeunepnnbtosdejoileriniuncamtrtgtciistnteooaogsunt,igro(acet3nnhen8sdee0crs2atepa)ytfle,efpclgeauiofneirodcnifettso: dspS2rteee,aa3grsft,imue7egls,niaD8tatw,re-tiTidisentdhCkrueiDananqsndDgueihraWriaepszdtapahotrrnefeodorvroSteAuhDdtsehcWteUulinAsnit(nddSjeooeDerrffcgWtR81rio39oCAn7ucR)4noodAnaftsI2a(n,a2m3jm9e,i75nce,)ta8n.ino-dTntesCdCrDeionqDnut-1ric9rooe8lnd6tpatr(io3on7gibn8rea1gm).w, aaIsntes ohdwdpacNnutmiD(R2(1nh33onrs.irino9ohee3souLc27enod9tdpmsni.exst57dt7n0oehtnowi-ab)5tu.onresue.s8hEie)bfagrpncnar-sr.-oeecasPrtemuelsiTcrin2itoonttcrAoeseifra,CnEtugipos3naraflpptnoCnfce,Diceart7trfcedmoctiaoeeheoiol,Dsrntntdari8qcnsetmeeeteintii-touinsasddnacmTieAiduueecivtjsiigsrmrdenolCracveiegtcvcinncesomnawshdDeaotaeNtniuinetemaTatlsdoaoDtetrfaointhsmncaenaodCmpbovttcarmicnoeiiolitefoiDttfasienbsofvmuuinirl2aeyrnaDaaidrntsTidnn,bttltsaooi3adlEeirtndectevih,indesplialcg7dnhrPeou,aecrshR,saecnAie8tdso8u,aanrezomeoa-he,nsaponwcTdiidgeci(esldrolh1tbis1Coirondsawvt9aio7fooncgthromtDai8eze.5aunfercyeunra8lsrd5Dniestlsyrt,dntdish,n.(ErdCdd-aBeiwtedtc-A3wo-Pouehdtrwo,DeE7euareafceAcantdat8stsstrtfuAseaetttt'if6iltscnhaeoeitetarwwTe)nretriunceen.(wgeanrait)Rtsssdtrdrvi-fisaiueehga,ovoneCttatdlrrdeaueretgrawoeReteitirninrhnssfaamaccaAswdAodtpgeottnhsaprueme-osatnf)cewbmernaeeofgssemsernlsnarttaustiunote,fltsinitshtmowilcatheestsuauoaaarrcxtehtasnemfrolh8piditisilnseom,rnacllruutyonta1hnoocfwno1lrgosiuhnda(9tnpntoreaB3tnhiar8ippeb,is7rettteoe8rtbhihoida8rasn,etla,rieettesn3sssteitMndaid)inhdoht.fof.lgrieatnalseoysvtrIm,ef qc2hAtCho.ua3conesat.mt7ncaa.pth8i(inrCrt-eieiemTenEhpsCgieRocnhrDaC2tsala,iDsL3vvbe,eAi7lnei,sa)E8ltq-dnshTuoeveasCibrniwgDoetnianeDtasnymtteebe(idRnsusstttGuaarelte)hhdaReamlifszemoeasr(rip3tddoR7eoon6puCfs6eseR)0n.s.dAC4u5obu4hmsptakaopzgnnea.cnredtshaRouetueinsopcdnoowenrraatcasneCtbdneElterLsRatirCateibLoainmlAists.yofIt
2 3,73-T E T R A C H L O R O D IB E N Z aP -D IO X IN
63 7
ipptoaOMnhphrfcaaopytektrhshlainiiiscencnbouaaeiwcmnltd,henPtuadscrmrchooaihenerptrxemeeiecmsncueietgeciipnsxcaoptovaelnelimfworcRcoortphoenretedbngmsnfiseaorcteantoilanrtohomructgbecheiyaoicntnrlahataoolsnergagsedpereaenenrrpSoesrrrac,ceaeonnegmpsmscoueistnudnlpuea-lttsoayattoirugaoirixnnseneeindscsnttssrhdAiaafeoeanccrrsetdtsehedtwcenaeo(yeroMhnla(nlac3tt-Paaro0abmnmRgs9ioe)liSdte.nnahAsecsasemcn)iubtsdosmyun. msutlPrpaaeitnrtivemgeit
TrHheahaqzezuaairDrrddeeomopuuaessnrmttMmsaaetfeotnerrtriaipoalaflswcTkiTtrahraganiannsgpsrp,oeorlpartoatbratetitloaiionnbnglehAaaqnscudtdanet(srtHiiagtnyMnsapoTtofeArd0t)a.42t5i,o34n,7k,(8g3,-1Ts8uC0b)D.jeDctato
StatsAANsmeptlLaPoelWtrcDLeseitfaWairStscetetTRergrnsAiusnuPlThgamr(eatEsoienevgoSreterniacscaWm,rdciestraoeiitpttreehitrareei:draE.xbEpyPTonAhsuaerrsAreeamtLsibtviaimeetenirtstsefhWseaervcaetetnieocrpnerQ)oomuraasubllitygthyaertieCerldirspittarienodrgmidaiuttihalognenadateldor
KK(3aA2n1Ns3aS)s.AhSas an action level of 2 pg/L for 2,J3,7,8-TCDD. in ground-water
wMMpraiIotsSetserSocsuOtri(Uoi3n4Rh5aIo7sf).aaqsuuraftaiccelifweaatenrdq0u.a1l3it0ypcgr/iLterfioorndorfin0k.i0n1g4wpagt/eLr fsourpply
ada3NNq5reEwi0unwW0aak)tti.iYencrYgolrOqiwkfueRaahtKloeiatfrsy1sasutnpapgnpM/dlLyaC,rfLdaonroodafflal35n5fraiepgmsg/hL/bLiwefonfaorttre2wrg,a3crt,lo7eaur,s8ns-qedTsu-wCaolaDifttyeDsrusritcnfalaancdsdesraeirwnddkafitfnoeorgrr
water, (3501,
dSSeoOsuiUtghnTaHDteadDkoAtteKastOrmeTqeAuthiroedss2, ,i3n,7g,8r-oTuCndD-Dwatteorb(e36n7o1n)d. etectable, using
sVVtaeEnrRmdaMorndOtoNhfTas.22a ppgre/Lvefnotriv2e,3a,c7t,i8o-nTClimDiDt oinf .g0r2o2unpdg/-Lwaatnerd (a3n68e2n)f.orcement
63-8 23,73-TETRACHLORODiBENZO-P-DIOXIN
P roFpoedsSeedarafelRPeDgrruoinglarktaiinmognssWater Act (SDWA) E19P9A0, wwiiltlhpfrionpaol saectainonMscChLedaunldedMfoCrLMGafrocrh,2,139,971,8-(T37C5D9)D. in March,
StatMraMpeedrgoOovWuspiStsloaaeTssttditeinoaSrgntTeCPssAcrhwhoTaaaghrnEnreegaSgnemiesnstshatterhoeyetbphpreeroicorjocemercsetesegduofilfnafotarirleo.vn1iss9Ci8wno9gnh-ti9tca0hhcet(iw3rw6iwli8lth3af)to.etlrhloepwrsotEagtrPeaAmo'sfsfiacnerd is cf2MM(o3h0r4riIn5Nopdn2ngNee)i/sLc.sEiogSctfnraoOairttTheedraAdirsaisnpuokrrfiofna2pgcoepwsegwad/LtaeatreforR(rs3e,4dcf5oeo1msr)ig.mtnheaMentedpidnerndogetresAooculttlianoodwnh-aawobsafltaehelrsuLsomimapanirntdoph(.Roe0as0Ael2tdLhp)go/Lf
EECoccAitDteDnhhoDanrpiiteemrgvrriopcsraeeipregrieccnngoorcottorosonitpuvhouidgumrvneuabeiniedsanlnesdscoostntdihgenact-oaie,nwnrmrnaGcmagnetsertecsduhueaooterbsisuamnmuhsng(atorapiideoqen.ilonell-sue)Wu.gir,abcdrnoatevoaeidlfotciuteaasreoomnkeriradptlneegsen-evndrawd(riaa5nrcabnnt3ooostoydue8nelpgacr)bmhmehtesionsy(etoessiiadnmn.capenrtrh.,bocp,tyoechesrwsarrurtoorooibpwctbuusheopohstgrouanrihtuccnneishoetvtcgsrmieerspimnseoipenptsuarow.ryncuioohnodnrhfidlcodaiiovhbrrstrimii,eaotpcesntodtushsu.bdtsechsieshorscaoishqlu)augroahgtfiec eosDTsthhuhfrihifgaebgreehtlaescltfcnttmaqitshosniuhavheocaneaenlcfdilltoooaeiytnngntshoehcoesrnetfhyhnmaseestthsulrheelpadQsfeleittllsfulcishfoiniasuifnsohlibfhictltsoaeyatrpstfaniehRrondaeonceacmdelqshcausuhurfcosivostrtrst.areuaebdetbo.eexrsoctgsTtaefahoenhnaSdceltoheimhaegtahiluinltllfeieoeidsvtdgcehheeoleltninhnWawcsaetheahtenestdiiplecttlrrhefsaisccustohihibfnoai(scstn5wtraa3iahton7bitao)cfeurnertmesesaosfscufrpohtloerinctifhye
23,7^-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
63-9
acesDOtttehhtanuairrerevrtnrgchseiidareittocnaoaontrossrrnioivtudizgmhaeeabseal.tnesaloiwntosonanAtgnadnsoet/ctrenofcsherrrysasseos,sunmotioDobnednrrmsoiotmtgsotraicaneonhbngotmcfaeeroferrobpzsdnghueeheiaunrrwsolomdcshoc-hp-cioafwaocheunhrDaamangsttafteethieorasnrdsaosil.g,evidioeswepnrndeatwoaotteuahrerdsporiiincvselpheSllelaeuwidunetimbiessdtfsrshruttishoooaoeumyunurddetcsfrmeiaapsoescqcircfeshuifasoea(ariwr5crobtt3iganoc5etnoe)snro,sf,
ceAcemiDhnhfotonihfcemerleltyedmeuchprsctdoisiotsncidaiu)navsansntglensaddhadcl/poslanoha;nhlradatlericrodTnkoshaniimoecorst,tleeoxpasepsmieortcsiasiucetsaenaatssdnipbcercoddoloesipmclsfyaohDfhpcocnremayreoddncnrueodltgonnoialicertfdsi,rcnipscgtoo;ooohimutnsrmeolsiepnxupoaqoWigndocfuuudaosanacenunfsdnordtctmdstseihsta;usypkdco(,woihwarn(nuang5igwasntag4httdneawe2urs,si)crhc;oteaae-iuc,hcr.nshycadpailwnhopnoyoagrifdsgseoiteendctesnhaus;liecceasn,d
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EcESPoerEEmaoCCppoo(hDs1uaa7inlsr9def3pcso)trrioavtpaeossCsee-aoduPbnrtecohipalptorDsotehhidrieebcidtteuivdme. poinngthoef
Dumping of Waste organohalogen
at
63-10 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
63.1 MAJOR USES cam21h..4a2cl.ok.o54rneN-.is5tna-oaemmtTtueiensditsearasnapnieodchtxnheip2slnotr,fo4srirm,loo5sfmbo,a-TrrecinPmhl2yz.l,uoe3fnrno,2i7iernc,,.3mi8ap,-t7eaTeId,ltd8C-iidsDnTbuceCDkrinnniDnzeoeegDrxwnactnetemhosp,ertatosyapanpcrasdroolosndaopbtuaocacbmlhbtyeielociemnhnfoal(ioc2rtoeram1fil4nse21efad,ov)4t.ree,d5drur-aertdlrsinieihpcagehhrrelctbohnhrieycolpipdpueheyrtserhponeiolonryslcseslisfusw.rdoohimIfinctghis
63.2 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS 63.2.1 Transport in Soil/Ground-water Systems 63.2.1.1 Overview ^wpsoralesvsteee2nns,t)3ts,c7a(o,te8u.l-gloTd.w,CbfDrceooDmntrcaieshnnesetrprxbaopirteciticoedtndeesd.msptorQoraeuybaeranapitpmiptidlimielcysaotbotihioflrne2os,ui,3ng,o7hrt,h8tie-mhTespCoruiDoln/pgDserarotduudirnsiasdsotp-elwovdseaadztleorinonefs.yocsrotgneamtnaimcwihneanted ,-wspaiiiEppismnonsaahassisdrnrtpaltioisietgtlsomcciiyrneItttawi,iniisaaitnoofioettaimgnnoeegcuniidstafeplnntdhdnnhoggtfawethaosrtnrotrtiomeptaaoimfhdollntots,hroioltdafotb.tetisfeihilrwrtueolae.,usngonvinseasofsouPsntospnaialoteflnotsthrroiurehc2aoettrfrooi,lnoa3alnw2pvaynb,t,c7aaren3slehyp,dte,8hn7oaoi-wntpt,rvtfT8roosheaa-CT2payTctt,hsassDio3hCooeibn,rgDcni7Dlolthaaes,au8nenDmimgr6-osdTho3bfiiemnd-nCetx21htaeopDh,.atatl3biheetsDo,aic7seTlngnseti,teho8.rsadmydsoi-esleTuso-stTtdaoheihndCnhiceaderbiDcenlatayesspwhDtdaleetoceuathdurumtsaseegleriymawnsroaasatgdstitoiudtueeeoenhmpdsoannlgosnudsstrtdshesobpepeoireserqperlitdeyluephhwedidinaxpelipaisicsgpacbtootegerterrircrtclittoitoouhtichmofueanmlaenednntttosa.dhd,dmateeonsasiloiusnrbioraleiftla,ecde realisAticneonnv-eirqounilmiberniutaml dstisetardibyu-sttioante pmatotderenl hfaosr b2e,3e,n7,8r-eTpoCrDteDd (t2o1p7r5o).vidWe hailme othree :2re9s.5u%lts sineddiimcaetnet)th, artemthoevrael itsosttihllesatrironrgeppraersetintitosn8in6%g toofththeeso2l,i3d,7p,8h-aTsCesD(D69.l5o%ss. soil, oerfo2si,S3oen,7v,eo8r-faTclCosnDtutDadmieiinsnastuthemedmssoaoirliilzspeydsatrebtmiyc;leYsm.oiugnIrnagtsieoptnitaewl.ao(sf18tthh5oe0u)sgtdhrootcntugomsoeocnrcptutrtiohpnerilpmimraoirptieelydrttimehsro,obuilgithy echviedmeinccael wofas2t,e3,d7i,s8p-TosCalDsDitec,ohnatasmbieneantiornepoofrtgerdou(2n1d79w)a.teSr,inacsewTeCllDaDs soisilm, noeraersoaluble
23,7^-TETRACHLORODffiENZO-P-DIOXIN
63-11
EFQOURIL2,I3B,7R,8I-UTMCDPDARITNTAIMBTLIOOEDN6EI3NL-1GENCVAILRCOUNLMAETNIOTNS*S
SEonivlironment Estimated PercenStooilf Total MassSooilf-WChaetemrical in EachSCoiol-mApirartment.
Unatsa2tu5raCte'd topsoil
100 IE-04
IE-07
Saturated deep soil*
99.99 0.01
-
a) cdb)))
gUcHUpICnuhetsaetiorienldrlccsdiorazeeudynennls'uadctsotacetrilt.ogeopaiseonwttrsinsioemscpnbihoanraoncteseusosVedetleddaonfnlfstouiobtcnamieiltneaMensckouote1arnnncpKssfkati,o,daiatrosuey=nrr'ds1eaec0.dtes6o.eqc0Ederau0f-is1if0ptlii5ocrtbxiopioerausninKtougmtih,,m:ol.faempKnsmtadViormmtdsi=aaetoittlloue2naasr.nita3nadtE2gne5dd+emn0Cduvo6esidr(ee(e2odp2l1n16om(s693on8e)4il).lny,..t3afo5Clr,ac3logc6neu)nd;laeitrstieeaodelns
rinesourltgainnicenshoalvnecnetds mthoabniliintywoafteTrC, DthDe pinretsheencseoiol/fgrroeusinddu-awlaotregrasnyisctesmol.vents could shb2tdsa(hfinrh2hap,ieoeo3dg1taepperum,hur7ni7trrzpdseh3oV,aotl8si)Axdrystnte-(tiiioirTrta2morrlicatelin1neCibualpvc7FautmoDaeto2deochtrll,fliDcierstyesoindc2tsdnwrpeoito1tresieoeree7nbtnotdnpprmr4euetf.ieet.s)btai.8tti2oouroigIr,nnSastnc3endCiiiotmn,ontceis7ieoboenrglir,strnene8oecaayooci-sf(nolTseotf2f,lneonsyn1Cdtom2mctd7hrie,2Dfl30iaeovan0gtD,,guetath7riunrrncna2o,etap8miidtd1nitnit-pcbu7osiTaeoardo1nielrnCetmnu)enmwsmnDv6desilndaioiaeeooDrtiisdipashvfonnlsuristencch2tiromtrehhamne,shres3tredeegaele,osfaano7annruatrst,nfooti8gtoavmitfSh-ticmhlednThesleesyseoetv0Csopohi.elol5iDclvtiees.lvnihovesolDeicsnrue.tnmSmitilspnaibstethcpaslaveaa,tydtenlecolhvrooratoeoemwmwann1cfldon.btvrci58gaosugiecrmthmtrerciacouonnmsimtaumnoii88t.ospriay-alnwectsacnip,mOolmeoahowfrrntay,areehtceittvstoaethrheuheisnrdeval2dtivemat4aSetxyno-uotoea.cdhftavsmmhdetlesoDrisonrooaseptda pcboyhlauvsmaeFpnoocrarenmxtprabaenenryissmpicgoeonrnmtitfspipcorahuonanctve,desspsseawhsroittiw(hc2un1ll7aot7rwhl,yawt2i1na27t,38ear),r7.es,a8osT-luThobCefilDlirotaDywt,emmpoaoifgrvrtdeiacimtsliepoeennmrtsaoiionvnndemswoloeialsnsstcavi(nen2r1tybh7e7sel)om.vwaopSd(ooe1ril0led
63-12 2,3,7^-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
cowmoosumbbfaursssucfeeiahprrnccvvwhelee1aoadd2nowrdgfeyfienaretmdthaeameon.nfvri)sgoe;eoOrmmxiatlvpheteien2e(or2r5tni;r1m1aC72rtt8ehaen)tyte.oeetor.aefw4r0wdsTh,oaCehwvsre;eenraawiy2nnma,idl3triie,tda7attlhl,sem8ued-reolTloapvoCsbtesshlsmDetDooehcnfrfhothamtuahnwgodegahiessbctvoueianonerplnetapdatrmaiaifolffpixtiuznepiasmralitiotiea3iondot0nenla1dyas0aanleytsdcqhsom/ueorraaetblfseefeumterlolcootptewsetedihdoraetnihnttuherwareaaetes
. r,,.
drmainetimoipttsiohiatnrIelntoisedtshdhgueeecerdfnrrfoaeersscarhteas2uael,rd,(3p2wi,pel71yase,7s8r2wss-t,aTiiastt2tCthtee1riDnin7btc3Dhue,tathe2tsiendt1un7fstdoi4oroi)siea.ltpssc6hciHou-no1fratd5oal0ifcdt.-me9aeli-tcvoe2eoens.5mstttih%hmopasof,taostfg2ireotr,gi3leoola,aon7fntw,ei8pcare-endTcrtdhosCbinashyDntteeeDnannoettcn-glepeel(irv2gwoye1imaelb7sasl6oeri)ptn.echodhHssaosavoviineblwogllbeeea.vset;eielrnitz,haetion
63.2.1.2 Sorption on Soils
,/^fvaKr(2aan1pldu8idre7b2as,,ewn3co2g,ho71feim,8l8lef8oe-r)gToss.umCKibn2Dsc*4,er3D.qe6,r7aua8i,sesnE8inng-e+Ttegx0lCpsyf5oreDiocbltDm/tooweuda8ni6st..det91morE5tooeb+trqeo0esu6osi7tiltlii.r(2bg2oah8r1nsitu6gl(ya8ml2y,1bf8us2oa3o1nnu,r8dcnb6t2dei,d1od8ent2os41oo,o8nsrf72otpo)1itt.l8iismos5onoS,eifol2ar(1hpr2p4eia1tg1ri7heo,t6xienc2,prl1e2ies7osc15.rt8eg)ex0;adR,pnvee2itaccpo1ltuo8ecbre2dotes)ne.tdotsoelfonbwte
.-.,.s2oosoutpeoh1rfnfavle7lruele2i2tekbrnm,i)Ta3teaiv;ilcl,ohloii7yhtrhbne.,yooi8oiinrlnnm-woeggTgmafeelCinvdeitsTqoeiniDcuurCetD,ismaxsdDolpoiinDeillprinvsncehtetlihisaenewsnodesathielssoliia/ektrcgwhobeghrahislaolysbealn2unesb,intb3ccoeadmee,e7ls-bsinwog,ono8erlfiav-emrbTtlecaeeeenaoCtprseelt-soDrsnssrao.yaDtnilssnesvdhtIddeeginosnmsecw(tutnr2dhssnbee1iessarh7tpttahsaa7aoeelasm,nlrdtyatsb2oiefsal1uegfdeol8eernalc2neutgcata,bhrttaro2iiievtlnteu1rishpagzn9eioestld0hoaor)-t2tbarf.wie,mpnl3d2eat,Se,ti7i3oetn(l,ooro,2n87w1wf-,cbTo98aosen0-aCotnT,eqictDlrsCaua1o,Dmrae8Dirilop6,t.iiDusp4netds,lahSiwtc1eliwiaeino9ttaien0chitcxoe8hhtn,iseitnnhgte
v.mwecis(2n2uxo1aat1psn9sojp9ec5oh6eceS)rsen.nt)udienfdtrdcarcfTeioatanedehnttctioe2coeospl,enu3rbw2adso,de,7ai3csemot,e,mm8de7fser-,asiTn8stn2lht-li,C(bTm3a1boyD,t8C7aro6Dl,dedD,84briy-o,DotoTirxssto2aiCti1infoosns7Dtnmwsr4aelDooaxd,hnsctpsa2eegaodesr1dltric.yi9sibbotms1eenaeo,ddeedlvno2nstet1otfoodr9dosb2eorsife)snoer.dcmibtrlhweiatTewbdoairnetosade2suunros,lr3tbsidfrlo,pya7onopcr,nls8reeayget-srlvTwuytioeiflCacrtfalttaDeediThlnsrsDeCsoaas.ruDsinibogtsdDhInielsedoi-eafxcrpinqpocsaasaunnere(ncedtt2eaittoc1emupl9adesen3isrnd,tlswaoei2satJe1etbcor7dhenei0nie,nsasogtihleis
23,73-T E T R A C H L O R O D roE N Z O P -D IO X IN
63-13
63.2.13 Volatilization from Soils
deebeFpxnxeherppvmeeoeienetroromcDoniltlmynaoeussdmntseeirt.snae)atttnt;onhseHt.dd5raioo7tlslwuSA%tyhgcellehohtsvhliwreogvoovrnsoyuo,vsillgfaasa(wihptec2tivaaiol1livesnri9tzroyt8eaalp)astilorntiteofipiamlsnrutiTszheautaCodhetrtveioeDicadeor,trbsDneetsdxot(elh1ftonrte9ehshcon0saeamcse8vtios,oveu9sefa2or0or1ios%cvel6etcoh9uielno,aeorxftrrf2pbiel1e1otitdz7rc0htaa8theieytn,nidesTol2aaptn1rCbthon9ooerDo7rt(bf/,aDfwtietr2r2oias,1tasr3tnh7lty,oss77fTswu,a,ou8min,r2mb-mdTmt1shee9aCfeseq3tiryDeiu)B.oledDnwehnaaitplcivlsrheboncheoeatsdses.
cvvmdchdoitnhooooriifigifvllanentfaahdemiudotatltriisiTiyrrelaliltiienimtiohtdziovcigynnceaetpan,./ctprevstietrsihtorowxaeuhDa(nelapboc2atislehu1ptfseierifiso9rrlsmuiiaie9oamzolsspaf)naibai.eosbodtlpsnnueniroeoedtrTt/ivrsansaavfvethalnn;omieeccedltdtdxtaeoihhdapptsivasiteoe(realaatt1soiicruplz,5futallorao1eeugmhmentvrd3hcai-eooe)tclsp;tlyutitno.hsehoabnttrceauthoestosisereefoilreggaennnronvtotdettcoivrsoehifoolfeperifeafncrpf,ourtanstonibstenulirhcidiunntobzthelstegtan-yedstsdmtbuviwaoooieortffiiniolfclflftao.aaueahwctcrdslimiseantiTeloitwcozotnhettrhanefhheemwteoiieaislcmsooapsrhunssweeaeoorxrtlafnildpeeawaloocretcdsaot(uuacesr2tmfrtleaeg1aeetsmrra7rdesetm7oasailic)ottfastp.ioallycuyTelmelrbbyTdrCaaueirhltfDcuoioufethanefpDyrrfcdeewfltieeaeenaarocsnidsrsttdfeeedarbdsrltoyyohlibawlessycokiils
of thTehceomdeppotuhnodfinthesoiinl,itsiianlccehvemolaictaillizaaptipolnicaistiolanrgweillyl aalssourafaffceectphtheenoamppenaroenn.t hPaoldf-olilfle ewTfetiCwtahDlm.Da(m2svi1goi6nnl9ai)fdtiirclriyazenapsttooiiroalt.nmedowuranastpriodefpvotoirgltahetdtillyiwzsahoteironbnetdhoefre2cs,oi3dn,u7tae,8m.-TinICnatDtiohDne awstaamtshebeusstrouieidld/ya,itrvoeirnaytedlreofpwatche,of a
63.23 Transformation Processes in Soil/Ground-water Systems
socoanah2((1u12ocbpt,ey83hr82cngdps5f,u60eelt07rraiirr5n42,oeg,cn8r))ccg,ti2uce3.b-aiee1ahTade,nln7eb9ndeoPCt,m1dlb8fdhepDr,iy-roiohea4TcpDr2nstpo1aaC2ouhhotrld0lolowyremDyti3dltfdeatayoe,Di(eidtrnssarcligoy2ioeulrsgirics2nhnnstaeieo0ewatsdanhis4srlsadaaufoe,oi-lstgiidssllflni2nsiuycoodov,22eilnneiebft0dp,seioecs3sc5oettidhre,niahg)o7oblr.nreooc,ifvl8atntrtrereha-d5,DidTpnens6taeeeoohad.Cfesg8(etmto/t1ernDiopetbor8ameovrchDyn6dstlioeiyra,4danpvtosan,wetohuabinticosd2oyatpomolet2dsneto(mhso0c2er(rde2olno4o2afpye1moc,t0tfo2tt.ai7r1ie2os,ppcr03,ci2n2bootI,)t0d7i2,nleoso3yo3,2eihdn8nt,cc)f0la7;si-ah.ho2)vp,ohbl8hnl,eoooyfao-IorsTrn1ndrbwbitiia8dtrnhCneuieat6oaoeeatovDn4ugtnntree)eidliDyss.trdoanirr,bnq-g(eaeidd2eauxpenvnio2idnpeionbon0zdoneerelo6arrutit-ente-ath,hitsimpzidoleen2ol-l.snxyegid2dugpan0iishrodsorIot7peonstexfex,,selsicivi(annent2as1ehns2tsn8naies0coe6ttne5rsn4t),u,,;octfnotuoare
63-14 23,7^-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN . wedrTaTetr1hsoxalo-yoClta1enucpuitr0oDmgtuilte0ceTfdhmDaaaehtoptlfoehrreepficpnbhoenmcTtrmiaetucheoTnlHCifdretdvt-Ce1eoDlieic(t.rrDv71itDboHbmfei78Dnvioesco5eermddiw3m4fdiairo,nees3eeyeurafn5v2sFqplatOe-1apeua6pir7tcnhslri5,eitr4iaooan0se)ssnntair,dgueoggsgdavlmtnCeeaanfrecioiyrmarcfond(rosiaen6ncs.aeslsta0atbryafan-syonp1iwt5tcrndhuo00eamhiod0%nnt5eto%iahdgeon.tf4asliryWk2to2eiehtnnnx,diud3aocopunav,sonwo7cidydefgxs,tnsee8eiTrgorh(-dice2TnrnCospoa2uCtonoDdwo0ormrcDa8fsDitens)t)eDean;uitdonrietncYnnrerpolta;ipiohnhgnat(oNuoadhi2iqortnttti1aiutontag8seiepolslohdy1onhenss)ouoti.aorssfsltanieaolnpTdSiaells.oicynvoCdoBsevin(oilnD1siesport,c8aitDhhosei5slsoenlnwo0ertmlitt)(xoeolrh1,llpdsearlye9tneeotes0gicrtpimmo8satrone)algaorodrdjstsoofaetayrstfdtssooit.orenms slspadaoootnreatimemdrldvsieiobiaDno(nutg2auitstos1rbset,xirl9idbylia8ianutt,nlbysetoded2estdhe1soaan7tonhtv6dhaafes,eelthg2y2eorta,a1x3wialp8chl,dna7p0iobel,,a8fitrpt2-2oeeTtr2,ndh3od0Cte,b1e7rDlgb,,eei8rniDml1oa-aiT8tdtsdii6i.eaCven4gleD)rpls.2yaoeD,dri3slOsa,t(7irtts2f,ioot8o1en1-n8bngT00it0toC)ro.dpesDeetsvrgsDAiasatrtpiliacatnwohdinsdraoacesoutedsifgos,itfthnmfooilu,nliasmcslnicyruooiocnbAnfor,sitorivearvgbeqiaainuFarsneeltioiadrnsrdatmtcieiioennsgdnsrassttatthehuadixaendaht(yti2tiihbeno1(asini19tttdei88adip5)nll0o)ts, ^wTesscmtllaiooiusomvghCwtobmanaetnisDitbhinlpttfliRaaihlneDilpicbneegessailft,thtcdeaienhiefseaacltayndytsllptrcllooytypetlltataoylurhihtabgrcn,ohbaat.oercxeiitstetlvlrieiiaameeTAstTmvttyhlaeeaeCyCiserrtcsoedDaewDtsrdfrllttoayDDahoToTsatbnarC6huCnlgigiu6eenstDaDs%h,sinebDrnostsDdiioairosm-owtsis,mmmledaouaps(seieselsol2.egaytsa1fnarbtsro9tbdaeTeidcero4tdopuamehyrd,leroegaeiedrsrz2retgittiai1feainooerifrds8undaeng;9attcdsh,thatuttoaairooqeo2sctfooreinut2onsinrnt.av0nehgoutis0mlTtiefmpyDc)ydaCe.abmoehsscignDeeoeuadirdrsrcvlDiarbiaifenoomofdteecefbdbaderscditieomneauoiamnioltrdtlinst.hn.cocedraegancotiTlMrnasnnloartdhdorrardmcgeutaitauieasetenitrlauenmmtiddomtuis(sobmndorsmutriueilhettrawssscihdaa;onhaewtianeasaevaatartfamoesosteleiltbflalyahcaralsyo.notbei4ruurv(lbne2vgteer1ehlyaiod9eani4nld))ts - mmdaamlcetieeegcetttrrraaaonQebbtbeaeoouitllaoieiigvlsznfimeevsudmiepcnniaetgnbatryaakbtubnheopnod.neualirlMbssDtemoeeearsucgtteruwsdrculraateemudssssoruausweitlrlttsireasowo;ronne(afm2gsm2rtleywer0atdeay0odpub)ebocomprereleidetiscepnf.mrdaodosreOotdwtnereunsgatdetlasyontdtanhioauslasmrtstosihlntsir5eggroihesnpctptoahpgolribearnrsttiodefeeoirdidrrfcpsast2tfttoiro,oif3oloenv,mniw7en,nac8osndtr-ofedaTiualyT;CssslCiee,DmadDbgw,DiaetDhweifndwoei,tnrahetsheethyl TCDD becomes strongly bound to soil. cultuBreusraupnudseretnaitl.ro(g2e1n8-9d)efailcsioenrtepcoonrtdeidtio2n,3s.,7,8T-hTeCaDuDthodresgrnaodtaetitohnatbyinmsoicmroebicaalses
23,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
63-15
mpeldsouneowifgzlcflyrriuc2aomtid,oae3erann,sgt7ttia,ro8nmqen-iquTasuamypCnirrsnDtoeiocdtmDietesafsbscyooerowpnfpdaocsretsehsegnieserntesarisncadtoittaatnihtotitienenoadnsmsa.ubbi(nfy9iflIaiintncnnyiitgett./rnht1oote0lgydermenehgpLirsgoathrcadtureecvldtoauantnsrictoeeun)endnwtyrvr,aaiartsdthoieooengrnbmrssateehdtnraoavtntaeiildontnhdpbueooelcclfpeuarrtuteaehssnleaeettnitbcvheueeltyotfhe
doemxrfiopceprenocIvnootierfrdfsgouansmtnhmoiamsermbanperstlyyaoc,lwfasspioomtamihlibsnel.iienmpcoHarhfleooadtiwsmoeiedngpvergoegarrrddt,aeiandipnngatchtem2i.o3soni,sn7toc,8esf-oT2itlh,/C3ge,rD7on,D8ua-ntTuidsrC-aweDlxacDptoeenrcmctseeaydnysttoretoacmctisbuo,ernbalioootwfdte,hgearnasdduartftoaiocne is
63.23 Primary Routes of Exposure from Sofl/Ground-water Systems
vTohleastTielehf,eavtaeebrcyohvsaetrradocnitsgecrluyissstsiiocorsnbseoudfggftaoestetsospielavtaehnrwdaal yhpsaosstueangghtieiagslhtsepxtphotaoetsnu2tri,ea3l,7pf,ao8tr-hTwbCaioyDasD.ccuismmuloadtieorna.tely
wMNecpdsuoxreaanipiprttntstpoerikaoireVslsiminunteoaea(rsgil8tnlnea3acwa6tP)treitlaoreisirotizoioeewtnanfrreptooi,soittit,roshyraknitanalseeLnivdrdmoicdassfhiditlttioeaah2ensmrtbda,ia3tltairee,cbi7essdray.sh,(il8i9oaod-i9xthwtITes2tiann4iC)nsswt.tsDgs(araiioDltsisilneotnossdmgw.fterpheetoaredre2mdec,s3snatioeet,rao7srndetp,acd8tt.sreii-inpsavTpineeTnCgocsrhspciDgfoaheoirulDearopndtrsudoai)htntctoeawdetwsendcaarwtnosritisau<aeiotdnrltltidekcefrsbation.estrercgeeu3tsHngewsurdseolaiofdtwtotuaeeiuesntanrn,vsd8desi-idnrnuwo,rhipanifsapnttuhle5lkfarirei4ietfnnai6siog.csnehwedater
ssMioomnuorfgoipgol2eva/prgs,eneTl3trimii,eohsoi7smmueen,,8nnpsam-tdeoTnox-wrowdrCptviaoatDeddnhstmoeeDtu,rrmsremoehnsseisuaotylsgltwsmopitgceeeafeamxvrsya2pettsnir,so.oc3i,smlc,teu7cihssar,ua8lerttsm-sh.TtafemhrCyToepaDmrhsyoeeDetsretuchehnaalsitettnguiahlilutnolbswbefefdroioioirocsmcmcofouhpnnspaoctucthrreraegtnefnakeatnterrcrtteaeaooctetirfwioxseounpa2anrts,ot3efisoafr,iua7nsncrc,ea8etaglo-swrTrpouadCausatrteneDnhirnddwo.DkfawitnyAhbsagsueystrefwpafrraaaqoecotmrrueeresarsitswuiittclsaetnt,ecres.
63.2-4 Other Sources of Human Exposure
ssuuuossugeesgroceToesfhtfstoehtfhtephe2rash,et3ees,rer7pben,r8sicoci-edidTduuoCeecsfsDts22Dm,,w34a,,ety57or-,e8Trt-eh,rTmee2Csa,te4iDrnn,i5Dcv-ftiTreriodoPnmn,imtnahpneea1dns9ett7.tnh9uveTsi(irer1ho9oenr1fmep8ltaee)h,tnreesttdishseiteseeyhsnltaetnerrrobgnsweia.cltyiudrSreeaiepsnssrcooaeenfcseidm2an,t,to3easd,as7t,wd8ome-fiTitsnhctCohrriteDbheDed
63-16 23,73*TETRACHLORODffiENZO-P-DIOXIN b2.e3l.o7w.8,-coTmCbDuDst.ion sources may represent an exposure source to newly formed bItaswea2s(.13d4.7e1.t78e)-c.tTedTChDienDs1admoofee4sd9an1toaatbmaaspbepieernaetrpwotraottsebrietssaapmcropemsleemsncorenepincoor2ntetdaomfini1n5ta7hnetseSodTfimOsueRrnftEaTcseamdwapatlateesr.s. vTc2AAaahogs.ahrv3nrvkee.aic7ecarne.Duaan8nblmgsua-tteaeurpteosaTrapn,ucateConoialrodntnnDanecdlopsitDetmepfhncocletiotcittrfhcnoealaoesdncetteefvicivo2onieenten,nlnth3rsrst,eaaa7rooliota,rf28fiftpo,-isp32npioi1sa,l,nbs.7ov31rs,me,tu87(ixpmcip-e,n8Tpur(a-bl9tCTaasow9sitDwCr2ea0o)DseD.h.mf0ranDe9ccavohotednttienneegmbscrt/peemeainefcceirr3catntoreilhafm/adimmaretevidnaaoWe,sdenfseaeab.twrhsoeuhu.eSfanisnTnopddmgteaerhittsrreeroiptspanisomcocp,vsuhraeaeDtllcllaaeoui.dtsrCaseeuoil.trf-cmecodeaailmianrnilbnoctdeetwubnenJmSreitzans)tosc.gtt-ko(aapL1sktfn-o9hoedcn1ueneiv9oissi).xol.linaentl,sy fsrraaesmtwfaunesm2dea.s-3urdtd.une7dir.cc8yiuiv-pbefaoidlcuwnfmudaeesltTtneeaoCr;nDi2(dtg,sD3rc,oao7huva,8eanl.rs-dTa-bglCeeevDeecnDol ndccioenentnectcthertneeatdtreioamintniiositsnnhisoentwhsseteaorsceftkaanceokfmtaecissifplsfiliteuoycneifntsihteoadwtf)aba(su1fr90an.2c4ei01ldi)t.yngTt/hdharety burned '^teebicttsrnhaasoaeittketnmleiailiemncnirkponeFgeanlnsde,otuutseefoehrprotddxaf(aera1ptscvaic9iaptoeogteep2senndbu2p0osiis)rfe.ep3iieaeocnleh9nreafx-atsnt8op4vwrht.te-e4leoh2e7ycp,o10ftn3ofbaebagr,iderpy7tl/teeda,eag8odptradonu-tflyaTslt.iacbnoinCpnratelSsestDdyftiritmgelsaDuecthnntid,eonridciftinwiaeilrtmclsnsbhaiuaod2anienomnc,lcs3htfs,lae(,oh7u1ehache,x9sfnual8aiepl2dsmt-fdeho1Tivsdals)ghCee.nufrgvrirDanoe(eme9zmtlDtsaeo9isl.db2okbtvl)uheeoe.B(retsgn1wcee9TeaGctel2raaahert1eunbenoe)dslateeey2at1sstp,n2rt3Liadioe,c,mn3a7raakd,c,tla78lpeheyt,-d7rsei8Tced0w-krsCwT0eaeemiDCgnsntphhiatDDaoexarni.Dd2inntms,d4hbIudi,past5epmuesf-osnhrTotrbaord,kseteoaeanilnty ' 20ral(o1en.,13c9ldea-,270al2ltI,.sy8en2)e.t-srcTng,aogeSCancnohstDheamlarioDmnaserlio,dbntobhueahfeeertunetinmnhcdzageeea?nssnaolteaniismelorxgefhaaeplasteasoestcosdctusecrhuxcribecugepamargosltreiseocesudfaditrr2eleoed,is3rnnei,a7ntacMon,vco8ootin-hostlTvchsuroeiCmennuerDgxatrrpinpDaaslo(ot1ttiisheors9inaano1lvtnsno9iesaw)fd.lioo.nerectTmcxeIAutcpheatrorelemrysde,utfedhoroaiarenrnfmtrpbaocdaaybmotatindihoclotynwaoamcniaaocntiydinafeduacd(eltl1tn9Pwftd2aaCiot3ltBhs).es of
23,7^-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
63-17
633 HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS 633.1 Animal Studies 633.1.1 Carcinogenicity carci2n,o3m,7a,8s-oTfCtDhDe liisvecraracnidnorgeesnpiicraitnorryodtreanctts. resulting in an increased incidence of pdtttdatm2thhohhh.uaoe3osieeeplsrstr.raei7aaatnslttssS.atuttteogt8iosulpnusnoi-cdtatrgdtfgfieynyha.ocyuTl0.iargdelineuC.slub/0loult2yuei1Dafiprpn-,emtr3aDsDmnari,wmtec7gantaoaaian,wfdasocl8rosaie2luflc-ferlse0iTlois.caeyyn.,tnu1aCrxeuoplnlarapRmryDyartnbeitestDadsscgiosisntisnt/gua(kewahc2i2ntlagdntirti0eie/ngssdefdy4rsthdtiaueiae6cuilcsanyicay)mahner..fednleessdoliti.bdyipcnrgToasaansdihttHmtsniiheotighefeircacingict2aemgenhsihat,lhfii3ilniiafgflcutc,eeyitlh7oaeleasra,n-ndstkrs8edratttled-yaaatosTrniuintiqsoannimCeecdusntioetianDo,tnlidpfhecmrgietDlavztehamtaolie0hslenluhlyi,atiresgtsiileo0cygesnbhs.cifsh0gwnquyi,e-g02nluomdashl1,ridaqs3ofle,bciymu,usdceo7a0elaaurob,cer.8mn0ccuasgso-1tiierrsoTnnif,rconuiogcCviunaonsmeepcfnrDtolderch.aligmDem0eseceia.lnT1anaalsosarlleihecfseclacnsialiotstoalnsrwrghfitcao/egtehkiitiambnrnrvsgeroiochoi/nsaltdluatkymausyhtaprfdaydesooedffdoinf egshfr2Trt(oiu2aaar.ish3gltt1rroslsse.hvliu0u.7ici-e2espA.vuid8rh)nil.-ofnaoacisfsgbrwilieedsTn-ArcoecaedooCtnednnsirnhlniaDiclemmdaagreaDdacsatasdoreollt(asadmseasf2tnutw0washifosfsi4,eeeegpemtm6piernraec)edaeaninaafstiddlitlnoeocleheyoxrcgaaadaraenrdtsllsmatillrcitlgtyuonuyeasinrln.ndraaaiaiecayfdrnlidilCcnmvcwacacroeada1inaoehmrnr-masrtc3iicatscsiiicdinetslnnwceeodooiaoronsesglmeoteefdierdnafk-nauatrcdsi9thc0eiciea:dtelo,a1neanenef0dotdtntfce.hmef0ocoderiyne1nfamcre,titso2oinhsOni0,pdwoce3.srl0r.is,eabel7e5tu-rspora,a,Mbte8eorsicco-acenreaaTurttetlmlenitClo-en0adMonesD.ndr5niteiegeahDuntonnteflsueoidpttfigsshrsieeii,nn/cirlkstacc1isigoraint0suds/hadsrt4wtbetluecusynceiewednu.ehnbciyekotnfiedyaegigcbcenkhoeoNrodresnf-efno..CdoaimfcuosiIresAsaMimednsl.alilne cfi222hmnea...e333mdirpc...ci777eaaciM.n..tal888ooeot---srecamaelbTTeT2llalla,ysuCCC3Bd,l,DDDaa76fadri,CDDDb8mscr3-iToaiFwsignnsruCnShaicdssimriiDpftunlcieeeccDioorcnaemmefedndedmaatmewlsa,day2aei,lasn3ryliitennnel,may7dctm,poari8asrnehi-tfvaacoTeifcleeseomlCaehcypdlratiDllsceya,aclDidsetanestmh.niicigovcediindefnndlieiti9fsohvni:tc0ed1ycear,reurn,oce0lteoidop.ds0mfri40nofih,,nocdeorl0u0plieh.i.cl2aca0-iiaug,tns1oechl,goace-r0reidthn.-olo02lecnus5peteelhl,aaltetormfgoaor/icdakarnee0dlgclen.1/eli5wudo0nmlm4eeoaneimircawkgce.ae/ce.kosaegofRrko/Hfcwseriisneg(ueo2hlkm1t-sd0ao2osf)s.ein
63-18 23,7^-TETRACHLORODffiENZOPDIOXIN
: ctsTottcSftt1iriihhhoo0wfgbgCeaenen4nraiStDtsTsoitnriwiwfsCesntdCDio-uadhcietWealsmraeDeserrscgw()nke-ecbo2D.umWtdbiisem1lntmysrah02oewpvtaxe3ebg3aoheainar)ems,lriifs.7incttgndameae,hmaic8rrcltt2paei(yo-hiicr,r2pttcTmn3eeyoce1sl;,teCiiliy70hcenicwtsnh,3aDrwaeoe8tat)atoensg-eh.Dis3tmwtToegeieinnlaueCd.dndeavlimascDpaedcwaoTynperoDfnosan,dholre/soiswtrrveedetasmedaheemurfsswlreeyestapuatmkurpmalooaresdseagntgyfanyteolimdrsnlnhddertoaidoaeeienupclitm9Sidgd.pneps9wdklcirnioiemiinDoncosnetofrasenceita-cTtrwesmteWiec1mrpioCa,ve0oitniefcsiet4htlDnoobesedanoleDnswltw(dtootf0e8-eeh,twoe.t0r/e0erwnn2e.ikc0se0n7mltsaase1ya0pg.srutiv5eccceotsndacireid.nFngtitpeiiatreoer2cpgiflemTcmag/lela4dyiiueTmCseat1aonmsedlCilDaisidnenicselanD.tD,eg/pommsfDt.teopmfThhiatxirlcbheilhei3Cececrwmeeaseooadrmtatacsncuieiawsalnoletcideyircrnacpteusyceooissip/sdovlnwewesameeoeddendnafwaedsckasbe0enar.ti0fdhcenoo0kafr5st
vcoaUonfSnd2EsidIPdxAeeArIRrmfeCfcda5lalt(isien1sgxi2affpLd5ieo0essq()u3u27hr,a3e4at,s2e7t)o,c.t8loa-2Ts,ds3Cie,f7tDiee,8rdDm-T2aiC,ns3eD,a7Dt,8Bh-e2pTrcCcoaoDdrmcuDipcneooadugsnetanduimgcaroneordfusfpeaicns2tssiBmgoniccfsoeTmaanCpnoDdIuEDrn-ad0ti4.sn. CmBEaoanvtnhci.dereoTnrRachleieskis
633.1.2 Gcnotoxidty
-i-SmttTfTvvienCppuAidlhht1DeaiiinT5rmmtD3gihoeuu7enths,rrhiiaaTguuroslemmaA.wntn1e(eooT2(d5t2to0o3A08xf8bn818i,oeEc65)eiT,3stgncay2A2ehn,n0r1oed8eoar5fp7ti3Hcos,2r2thxou,r3,3iidasa4c,hsui77naicc,a0si8eoncG,n-dtlToii34.ev62CtSilt,3od2Dya8nT,-l3D)4.igAn,e7w(a1r2i,ssni890ttd-urh5c8Tas0o9iaeoC,nn)drfsDwTrowieATeDunpainA1tokshdi99rhn7oet8iodd5uen,rud,td.tcTb-uoemtayAcredtre1piiTmttoa0oasnAn0sbeit,1otexoii9nlTstvfit7rcceAiepr8nmae1rrgaco5oe.ets3psfiepv0htTSaoo,aiahntxngTiliiosmescAtenihtoip1.ynein5no.e3srEHliS5elt2.ao,vi,,vwc3eeor,e7slvi,e8e-r,
K-39 cells (2089).
".
host-Pmoesditiiavteedreassuslatsy fionryreeavsetrDsio7n(2a0n9d0g).ene conversion were reported in vitro in a
,Dnc(2oor0no7tpsr92oro),op.3lgh,el7ieZnl,va8yie-m,lTmsbm.CauelDtersDiantwgw5itea0htspa5npl0.em,g(,a13t08ti0hv6,ee3o)ifrnrfeo1aqu5un0sedenxpct-phlymiinso.kfceodTsmehxrpe-elocitnuewsknsoedidvheairlgmlehectoeehrssatsdliivontesesesolstelutirhbnealselDus, lrbtwoeusadtospiinanhtjiaelaclmteodst
hGaamllosNtweorayionvecatrreayal.scee(l3iln2s3ws5i)setreaerlsrocehpdroiodrmtenadotitdfooelblxoscwehriavnneggaetnreoyartinmccherrneotamsweoistiohnms2ei,s3ta,e7br,e8cr-hrTarCotimDonaDstidi(n2e0Cx7ch9h)in.anesgees
23,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
63-19
oTrCiDnDchdriosmsoolvsoemd ainl aebtherarnaotli.ons in cultured Chinese hamster cells treated with 2,3,7,8-
mDNaleAAs lsttyrhneaatuhtesedseistw; airtlhe. s(u23l,0t3s1,78w,)8it-ehTxCaTmDCiDnDeDudpwntueorcletehiseiomftiolcaxuriclttudoroetsdheeraanntedghametpieavatesouccroyentdetsruofnlrsso.cmheHduolletdzman
tia0Gtnhhd.1ieeamt2mvh5hiiNen,niogioi0sinhnt.ee5edctdrs,oitedamaadyedln.inond42c(s1a,3ee2n28oto,4tfhf4liogee)grmt/rekhteas1gratl2e,wlafaoctammtiraoesmggudnea/te;kdadfgsetaii/mttgofdhennataethiysumlfeeiswc2ear,wlse3oan.ri,twtt7esh,ei8binsnu-tycTdnrdguCteroaacDesvesaeedaDtgeniiendnfoodrmpmaardia7aelvyl-leedeasfrnaoWsydaresfitps2e(etof2rafcs0reott9c-rnir1temsas)aet.pstwcmluoaeCterrnionaevtntalel,svtyeiewaoernnensdee,lkloykbss,iuslatletadan0td,
TeprcwcmtfpisrohehtaoCeeilgrrrhscliaaeotogoDseeltinemwmh.aLepDse(ltdai(ausoCrn3ithtssaanrogm5i0otentdeget78impdiocnarB4ceaexacgae)1xptetiulhce/ctsthih6t,cphanoaeeJaattrabejapod,leecnentmascxira(hgdtfntt3rpriieieooscahe4aosdects,1iisxycignriu1oanmotateh)ner)mocmnc-asesiraedonilpsepfnefbobttfaoottierisufmsonuhCradeetrinempr5utcvdbymeo7flhipaeroovcBraTrdiwtreenot1neeroCaem/syTtt6nslehoDtiCoJmensvhabsaiD2ectDaogoo(lre,rlnhsm3ubDyrersic,onogo7ae.ewodfnwhoc,ll8liefefmtMa-tTpchTpcobhmietCoerceoeCldyonartlrprDshDoorrnltairaresnDsfeftDooeettouoirwrsDleortcaraoatnlmiNaetecxtnpsicsaihio;i,Ar.edclcrno.hpieaotot,gih.tnoF(ysgmoe3eed.afohnr4rsnoIrbien4Dsdatsaoo7oastBswamrnl)rclAaa1helasicoies5eynnilewnmm0c2j)lndkeaJliasocmbapl,erattsdeowgreariirci/ondke1nretwslcr.aghot,t0rteus,twewecip,doaae-seoycnrasulr,gleedsfpsfs/lf,ooktBlipirsnrgsnsrrameiieoftsibrnytsoetooesshdkrdemasdoytf
gwtahrnieotihmiurpLardliesmdiseipwdteeifcttnohtoraitntl.ofdoe(uita3fhrfc3eeh9yr7elge)savrirgeoesnxu.liapfomi,Ecfaivtnchneheetndrlyoatmthvfhreooeorusamgolgyhmemthetspheihasetbcoyeocernryortbtcearhssoterilrooosvnm.fesad.RTtihhadeesseuisxgsacnmhimfaeiconanognkbetesleyversavvrefaileatditionion2n5thhbeeplepdtttrwetieraneutened
wcdetthioxuseenpsrrucioentleRsiugsewedsfdriugtethogehdpmeiiranfternShwgaietanghovt(maeme3n"se5enc.on.8ni.otte6sirhsn.)wm"ecaehaiixdrnoleaecrmnhraatearniadntagsiefneebda.ddcetlecsfyTnromedenneqpuccxuhlehpueoidontcnoseycieditfedeeassttchdotoaauoflftrr.sia2nt(b2h3igne7erph0trchee5ahoer)nreptsenolaxemtcmaeioemlnelxssiopnitmniohencsedeeifddgeamertbnaotaetolwt.rerst2rhpanT,t3eaihic,onl7ienm,a8scane-uudTfnlottsChuufeonrDfterrdaDoslomf
63-20 2^3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXTN
633.13 Teratogenicity, Embiyotaricity and Reproductive Effects lmaboonrk2ae.t3yo.sr7.y.8-animalsT.C2D3D,7,i8s-Ta CpoDtDenthatesraaltsoogebneepnrosdhuocwinngtodeifntdpucaelataeboarntdioncysintic kidney in v sdc2into,eu3gnsd,ept7ysriS,tto8icehlo-haTnrmasCenrapgDtelezeesDnasue.teltetrfidoaFnartlgeem.td2ai(a0n2ltc2idnmo40nge9oavsc)nbeeatrlofhonenrspddt.imsoioRnneDnhscnlueyetarsniewutnwfdsafgoesm1cmsatosesnotnriinirlkmoltebehuasyiusrlssl7tlythaeco.adafdrfTfrifteeirhwetcoedtomcesodttmhnauedtodaidunyriarn,kiiyilenfnyoyegugmsdn25daog,03lsidee,ts7pon,oaw8oftr-eettT0srrcmC.e0poD.0enm1rDc5aTettihreviidilesgli/otkong. .,..-v4sonodmdtfatc6oiwhltncioenerrir%ccotcgfaeourdtecclueeretTadtlpxrgaieoryonhephaefs2efstaceefnl5e1eafidtac1c0dpemtmpt1eeocaeeiip.ae.ntonglfdonarns/cokof2tdttTtNetenxg5hocCgpiaooelwmrireutnsDdnfoohfaeaijtugmDcsefatde/fptlenkcpaeeiwplmstgndyrlyfa.ieeotseolirovadan4Bnfpen7Tttm-otarelag-wrhosse1oeelgmsnaiaee1msnewnettt,esg(meakabget2dNrtnarser0evtei.eitysMohno2semitonpeorn8tadtRaHasne)toeug3lcliagIsxootrtmsleeeiiwnotmcdvsrmr8eduatmeeoe4aaapilevlbasc%sytyifseerdteunif..moryd.eare7,nocyeadeFIwatdTon[ntt7"leroidtooCttTCandhawfg1pD6Cpajl0rTep-5gyTrDwo,TDr%eeoCuCeaosC1edDptDlr8riDueasDgsis.ivDcnthl5DgDieeEetoconthvliwmnsiidcaoewwnfxailtilenbgniecsaalnn/mrfag2ssktcgydin,gnite3eoaiatct/hpnssodn,lyle7ryeatsjaiaoiee,lcayin18acgltls3oai-tstrToohTetetwitognhinwahCdoCuen(elaenhrfDp2giDli-fsi0ngeliiDlthdiDntc2etrshfrriaatdo7epaeaaenylu)uenaetpx,otxpcittvl7aeofeeotystermindrholTsittstathenisrhoCnwloewneoaaoaiwDdetetttfahihaerDeoyldeednlsaryian7 -eeAfrommehucbbenrlrpdToyytchoootusrehsteoaaaitxnsbiinddocmdivatcuyoeyycstt7ifaobi.nnc5llidedhktirencotoleygymrt8soa.re5cwteohsPeogprr-efoo4enmn5gec0seesoisibrtsaPlarre-otie4nibof5foonm0urr.naiebcctnTeeteizdnhosyzneombosaoy(eelnaGa)rspateyafyssltautrleonelertmwnsegaeaie-ytnrosldatyeanibtctedeiaamotlnTee.bxaCr(ptl2yhDr0odaeD2ntas9ysi-bce)do7aai.tsnghisneoatchamisanetotdueuAddstyhheatthatthe s0pi.rg1en2-i5f2a,i.cn30ad..n75.t,p8o-rosertd-2uimcjtpiiTgola/nCkngDti/andDtaitoyhoneroanlfolelsytgsaeealssdtwam(te2iii0ogn9nhis8att)le.irndeadTtyhhsteeo10op.tn5roleyga3nnndadonitd2ticnSe#oaipgtbr/lkaiengg/cuadredae-vyaDesdareswoetslheeeeyfgfirrenaocctutsipdwase.atnscdeaosoefs of 0, deFthtaeeytaalu1l.T7ru(oe.3rt0iesntr0uas2rd)ywygestaryhvesetaeogemcetcdisloulwCodeg5eryd7eBob1efyx/6TaeNmpCiiDdtnhaeDemdl-ipsadrlwaoicidlteyhullcos1e.nd2dHMkayiygdds/nkrgeo1y4nT-e1aCp7bhD.nroDoOrsminsoanbdlieatdciyaeaysm15i1ne0tpmhorefioclngeu,oemsutAinanctbaiebodonoft.bty
23,73-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
63-21
dtZdid2tpjaanooilnou3oegelxtxuaosr./arii7tktitmcboclrn-ha.giiSdile8tgtamneiyayu-olandtyecpunfcerwaelTddreawafdr2eeotCnlrhhtnyhugetateeiDorinoartngrpoet.deDihrieumtvotefehrhpiiingraadnf[eas.einlbensnclaabfanoteAnlniisctsalnttcsdosuoityrssnstrwr,finoihegagonedG2aentnovretae,ii3eiee0fmaokwdi,rf.vc7f5aetsiaa,rtacng8tnsuejteeri-iratlsrtogTsoeetoaiu/ieanCgitktnnnpdtonggcDeesageird.tLfberDgehi(ync9rawe(Tatio:s2tigc1nieuhmo00tia)tthx.pi9lv1yesiiysn9ac.0oaapi)gji.ntleinn2eeuygHdxeo5rct/xtwikmariyroa4oejpdgaidmniataprghal]sgro/yienoeknirna0fbdifogwermre,sudoegpaia0Twmpdnehsl.esCs1arfstctts,oigahhoDofitenet0oentiisDcc.mhwos2tttgeiasnShekadrot.,denoieoiprdoriuf0rfnn1Paehi.pen5Teda'rissjdy,gclteCjiohgagtopdwfrDu/ennrraakerabaoDylgasi1mnlsnrtesetgekadwj6drsikleetN-guhsorx1lio/weudleeek5ttnawpnoii.gasntt.eefhlmgyeSfneT0eiiwnngt.h2aintitne5lsh
of -
ssbgp2aiaaniulrnt.ygg.3tbod/nrt.kgu(c7hii2bagfupa.Tei80vuftsch-t9ada.ta2eeen7gonrdT)eesAjt.eieoiCgftmpnufo/slFrDkuesipeigcgmeoviDlemtnamrebdginlopfsaee(trtia9forcmoale(i9aut2r1oiam%npeo,0C,f3tdna.,R2aast.7ipioennn,Cnuavv8ddcgFnrDeu-r.iTedreglatateayaCrutS3sssaiDmisie0tiotngegrs.nDno3snoin9wir%isfan:ipoin1entcot,hnrheadfoctesrenhtolaemoatieasnmpnngpdadioaimhtemcselieoicantcagri-thilrcnlnikihsemveriaaa-maesedlplpctalsteooyreeelstra,rsitoeroeoerndaxivrdnhnttisTcaia.emtoi0wtgoCtn2i,oyseoe.sDor.m90ingitl%.niDau1ahnlcltt2oticilit5gsonuliyguns,rngdador0)ewicuiwand.no5afptagone,siasrntdocrorsdery2oetftveschlu2steeccoedi)lmrocr.oijedne0upbaked.sgTr5eside/dydekhcbnoaguiayisnseanttydiGlbv,0oaeei.2sca5fstvowipaivrwnegneietai/dykksegs2t.
cTtrjbsStBihhiyaopggCrteced/rneslkDayeeiFdgfo.dMgDijwircuie2nauaaeeIt,lmgrnnn-i3lgryDtd,aaph7fDayyiga,etFn8wicsursvec-2tfleeT,ertaoerrnenyrCmatiaaomdotlDsrs1u.oeaasrisD(ftjtnulp2essiiy.rcnghd1vehao0aiTtidF0vl1fwghofma.Ce)h0eegalr1cDiistcncwttaiooDlaisvjiensxriltte/tgrygeidkercaenp,/urgaiklirtetl/gcfsgyiodeditietc,rgdeatTaaendu0ltynrethCi,cifntaeoftilsD0ogicynio.art0ztD0snhhn.ed019rwti10saiolaeny,rMettefudrd-0degbetgpia.cx/ie0ietkymratcer1nsgtrtrdehe,eeeep(t,rdmoa2riofanrrpse1retaoear0til0ntdomeyte0h.mdnn1)eili.anocenirjtnowntFaieeTghttl,phr/tadhrkwfahsebeooeugnsearisdsredtseeeva2uonsigt,vdcF.v3ricetaioae2,eisnr7onlsc,aeiu,nwoe8nrlatsnti-aionstsTmtthtadiiunCpioannduatlndpDshdyresoetiDd.ufscuie.tnatrendedAtisraettaiu0rtoiatl.son0yhlu1oasiitfnn
wt((th32hiy,0te5hr2,oi63Eni3)'dd-xtpjuirhnicogiivots/oikeruodsmgrnot/eido-gLonatayfo-ettsehc2d2lya,e,33rnfto,t,hd77ne,p,8i8cnaeh--elTTfaa)fCnCteeagcDDnteiDsDndoifTConh<Tna5ps7C(lgL0abDe6s-setm/Dthe6anaNytariocnoamonxdsnsaiinoccleeceex.di)noaatgtayrPeedsadrnmteoi1gwoiu0nnnisitastlshhyntorrtaaaofltmdutitemoghirnchyieenrdio1inws3xmct.eiernrreeeeetBa.adsodbetoLodthhslaieystmTdhrmo3bexboiiyennftecgiaadolv.enangcee
63-22 2,3,7^-TETRACHLORODffiENZOP-DIOXIN
tohfoculgefhtt ptaolabtee rinelaTteCdDtDo-tarneaitnetderaanctiimonalsofinTaCdDoDse-wrietlhatTed, omraTnn4.er. The increase was
wipnritoihvnMicadreec5daK-sibitnnyongeL1tya0hm-eeftobilnadeld.tpu(car2tel2ifo(1e2nr00e)o2nh6fca)ecvlifeenoftrsthhpToaa*wt.lantthTetehhbeapystoeTtTedC3naDcotyarDoTs.ef4eTwm3illitsobfibinvede cttooimntsehissetgeAnrethawtreiertchethpdataontraT4
wf2eux,i3rdp,te7ohsO,se8per-trdtheeeeavttrrdoaalsucTethanuCltvdoiDioirrenoDosdnohimabfaneevtdnnehztehaoisnylfeuddoririccanocanctuteoerrr(dra3teic8ssnt3yoico1nnen)ee,sro.g(of3irs0stuo6icc8thh)i,necrcporodmeliayobscxiehnisnlaositrniioannntaedstreasfdutuogrbgagienepnsshitces(in3tayy3l8nsw2e()he3.ed0n6Tf9omh)re,ice are
633.1.4 Other Toxicologic Effects
633.1.4.1 Short-term Toxicity
i, .,
shlamhEeemaeDsavpmiieoonarnsn2tatvgist,elc3aars,orlwn7pugf(,eee3ee8cetstc9-hrkiT3oeores3Cssar.)igmnsD.(ag,A1ynDi6otnDcsh0cgueyha7atamraf)petr.dspihoicTuemaaCmnfaortD0,lrel.toxoa5Doptwn.rhbjdieeuynexmg,hgp/ketdeohlagmeysepubolehlrlrwetieirvhtghiehiaponralnrgaodatechdonouueafdstnecelgtedyhuosmtyoifanampxt2erihvuca,oo3iaspti;,rpyd7hiihe,ygi8otony-rowtTgoafoeaCnvfnt1iDhems1tre,oD5a,xi7lamitsicdosjmwrxiegeoiiufc/nftfknhtaeeegolcfnsstfgbiusenlwdcpagietpnnlsliedrcanelvsyuos.aetsrdrhdiaiyoTenlnfgho,er
*
- ;;wss1uo2esl6urc,eetTip2ooh5tnbi2ebs,iieldnoritevryrae,mc5dew0at0fliotonhtrjoiegxt3/hi(kc2weig0teyt4bei7mkow)sfe..2To,T3CMf,h7Ddae,e8rDakt-eTtehswdCtarDiasanrDndeegviaviaaniwlpdgupuaalafstirleeocdddmoivtifneof1er2rert-ehad2nbe2cbtoseidthssapaywvraseetevdrpaeeonasdotbtob-ditssnroeeegmraeovetsfemntdi0oe,annisn3.t.1at.Ah60T,en.h0i6m1e3%,als dermal LDWin the rabbit was estimated to be 0.275 mg/kg.
.. .
AcchcoooapnnrdpnjjuuresSonnuacxcclbhittsmwiiiinvvdeajaaeuttllzderscylyeahbtoceu2rmtaolmioft.rhsigo(tie2sins20ero,4wi3mc7e,ac7)ysu,oe8sr.oft-rubTetddsThCeieherD1deve3Dey-ctd2eho2(lneividntedrehaawafyiflncaeasylscteeatorstfnhtafeooilrcttfhektsye2erte,nea3teatr,sed7teemd,ar8)atve-eneTnwdddtCa.aseaDnnsBiDicnmtyrshuatideinsllsatl.ceeytoddhn2.ei7tnr,rNotaotlboh.btesihAticegehndyeeemo.lfaoyseisd
ttR7oh0hxr,ieocosuTirutgyhsh3eow5mu0taootsnxtrikahcgee/dykeegfsbcfteu2ryced,3taMys,s7ecao,8Cnfi-dnoTanbCbnsyoiDendldDglyeleeawittnoheair,cgla.ohalmn(td2iom0oob4saise8lles)rob. vhyfeaA2dod,nr3aoil,mol7ns,agt8dla-sa1Tvy3awC-g33eDe8r..De%WTgwiohevefeiergntehehateairnilrlsvoiieesnbsssgotticldgesoyiagndtnmteoidnasoeusfisen.odfth0e,
23,73-T F T R A C H L O R O D ffiE N Z O P -D IO X IN
65-23
duanetPhxbaeluciutiscfeleedfskrrinasnmwtpteweieasanrssenaeetrdndoeed-a.flaloistkobhodecseeceopsarebulsvyesbieoeetsdilrntoivadanienlsndcoppeafubrlliysolntygtutmrrhtleeehpeassehst,ie5needttyghdiseeasltwmuniodeieams,ea,kapanllanosoar.dsrtfsirceAtoouahwflreasifnrpcaelgaeycxcnipoaitafelhflir.cehtihmactBiehareouy,nedmsyateyneudsofNo,afptlewodcewsarnessoaainsptonhgsfcoy,otctepmoorduueep.vrldlaueenaGlteneldnealoydtstftirnabigceer
ewfeximtthean2luse,i3lsvc,ee7(r2,8sh0-e8aTm0nC)do.DrrnDDheaceergaxoetpsshiososinfuorftmehtehiicneehergwaalartasnts,d(flurriovleaeuqrrtu,esebtnaortnmalydinac,adhtoatrsdaeirbneudnntoaeatldtrsgpotloapenchtdiyefsri,eomdfai)nntdharleeGshuuIeltmteterrdouarcsritnhinaalgoensg.
23dbrRda,,aoi3Nltyse6,e7Al,9i-c,Fvr98.aeoes,-nrywlTCaa1nwlClt6teeieh,cerlDdluersaDesleniiitrn.sdtec(ahtcbrT2ulea.ey8rhra(npr2es2piere,e03doeirn8d,si7n1tiotvt-,o)i8metatrh-htlnieTrineaoceiCantrlasemnmcDtmterenaDdeonlloaeottsrsbi.tneiahysottTsnatadahpshtnaw.eepyedidetl)haR2imrvr8oebeaea.usryjduogsoNrhglibtnafseyugevcrlnliadrtaengrdotadaseosdy.is.ipcots3ralsauLatewsecnimvtoiduatefihnrrcp0asral,irnwoec5mldtehi,ifucraaeoucexrnrtliaigumeot2exmina5valoemoibrncfiisegnhespc/erakperdvngololegnstodeesnsnienwedibaanaaysrnytdathh1e,e
bsaeymparionFlliooofselnlsrogowoeudfisnawgtduaiabspdtuoimnlseegisntsioisysftnsrudtahetri,eoomintneevsootfpilcrualiteoislroe.ntthooalfdedlyaomtsheph(o2of0id227,o3)r.,7g,a8Tn-hTsi,sCaDsnydDnd,draeolglmeaneneiirmsatcaihlosanreaxocpfteetrrhiieeznedce
wmaalfhtefeeteracnaIbtntobiivonloientsdsemstyrimgiwnwaeteedhiiorgieaenhprstanytboliomcytsestCmthawheebrtaaoirssbletisiosmaumlniilsntmiiemont.fatalah.l.er(Cem2dh0au4atcn9ut)giroeesnshroiainnwt edccdaaurlrobTirnoCighcDyaidnnDrtaaettkaerer,e,layptbrmsuottetaengritneef,toloeafcnpttderodoxlfiicopiuitdyndly
wdsieBtt0m1mhhyx4erhenaeopgpoittdrdceewaanhrranRibtnr1uoiyhemooe5msmpreldza0aileaemasbdwntm.fayeiittavapJser.ensegroMrrato/oskieLcenbfetaglmhrtaigilfvecatet2aaaiieanss,jntlrmtS3yosg.gmu,dnrpeed7(edrsrett2,ar.oao8anr0moibpog-ts5lT.tmoulEea2healCgex)tieeiT-sesanDrmDmiCmrmnaiDaaetnvnDihsjwoinvedounegDioslarlneettlth-obivysnistgcvoyreireaftoonperdesretarwmeiaoesatroftdonmslateflarfotdwnaottbieanyhldpdenr/aoe4rhioweinpn%etnywrehiaosfmgfnghssieofylteiiaaetfevvradlcnbfesetabdteuiinartsssvrilgiilpsoooneaaoauulownlngieoeftsncsni.pefelaicesionmdohnzatlgolaidadleuslwotfneinsitwpduoegitaooiiineeennegncosditthyrmof-rititeabanfneTavnypusdleedCsienunan.eorDtlcexstinieeaetrltDRdeoredgctmnnr-yohdiaiesztnfeeahiadmiddvdcyleueieeuearaenidacncmnrdrfeyjtteo1deoseao,gucrstwefg3eidng,oatoeehnis7snsste,iitisnonsogfgr.
63-24 23,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN -j- wddwoToglPo2rreaea,afoffehev3itafitstgiene,2macege7aolh5ehrhA,tcaaid8soteotncnlofn,2d-effuidiTn5t6g.marioT2a0r0/Ccsnka6al(aCAdt2D2gtgl0sgtess1D0reerrDn2a0csg7awwnDemooar3m2aacgeantt.)strs7iosrrm.daeg.eaae,nddah8fasdsmtdeTmrut-ihTudnymasTarheci.ghnignCotneertgrdeiionrsgeroo3sBDeysottuna0c.uoeatuDnop0hriotlnninithernenmIgdovdse(noruvedfg.a1tttafsfemhrlhue2rtomshorreiecaoegeudietsticddasinswdbapoltdtyueosiawnocatnedcsohrdoocavgetysimeabislnefdnylrlswsipr,oapgrbeutfaeeinhplroibgeadtsrivieeorgguomycauaddhetmen,bcntahasdtdilenhtoloiesdrnusitgynotmoetnarphwnwimatomtadpoakeiuelpepteelarsoeiprnho'eguaTwisrotiahosnnieCoarbgedftctstrsiitosoDteaaigrdwinmdpploDmrilyvca)rhoyopf-tnemouiiiiwaacnrfdvnappineohgeetdrodddoeielmsbugofiiddddesaoehcsaiidtrctneetlamdtealtdhitlwoirbsomyreetwetyteewtferogheacfiereuSge3obtedearlihhl0leodygfaelsy0ettoflhdtaeiofpwreastuuermgoeedml.incrrldsldneaeaot.ipbgintmsThlawoeabsgAdadndhsloelegeidyedinwvlgitsgiycdoebhaertlositohaittnsunuehegdmpe . s,,,wss2mpeep,rpxa3evlopsome,et7oersesT,bsnaeo8uurlh,dl-graiTepgtetnhhCreieadyaaes,DcttmpostesorpDudturiwraaesurl,sstteecoohrbmnteoeuoxteaewlriniltycstetaeehthe.d.karaemelnrtantFeiahbscrarmenuheritdopaohcrwnoembtglf,ahlyeane2amldtn,c3hcdhee,Leelm7ollulu,lmyt8bslhms-atiryuTnerapmrrgnChfmuea(Dp2scneabDe0totoya8tdmfbe3ieirmon)uasnlsrnmirsesokeemruefwxptrnipoFisowtoroihntsstshoiecoenixodhcdifhtecthtrhriThatreeyatrCecatsibisDptusposlilyDdetluemesnynxe.tdpikpnnihnror2aoloseay,teccw3nsmdyt.,nl7tyape;,tl28hsotih,-eno3fTorctr,ewoy7Codt,meD8etvhs-cDeTteerfhiCr,leoDmD j^.-.rtserucaronfagsKccnreuiitrpiclothineoatnncgaaaelu.nssd(ic2noR0gu8Nli4dmA) mprsreuyepnnsouotrhmstueeaspdbipsltryhtehasratseitso2unm,l3ta,a7yinn,8dl-eaTatlthdCeyrDmteodDiccaecanlatltruiossgupeedhrnfyac.rcheecaoncghgnaeisntgiionens.thaynTmdhieccseell-cteol-lcell
stcrChuye5acst7ocetBetpPoapt1rxot/ai1ir6bct0-tim-xslTitte-tDyocdheBeita1looAl0tsre0/y2d2i-,nfJ3(om2,lD7hd0e,yB28cbg7-hArTr)aie/dCn2waiDtsmaemmsDroicfudwueismoraesttsmhheteaofuournnrf2soti,u2hn3top,e,37xrCp,,i78oc5s,ri-u78tTtByp-eCTpd1soCDewmrgDDtrheiDecdesgenu.awbptCyaepTsslrathherwreskeesisqteisheouutnrisrtecahesoeldeu.fpltt(Attis2ohbh0eiis8lniulc5tdopyy)iccptuoorarsettfe.opesxtsohtiTrhcethaeTitds-cell. 633.1.4.2 Subchronic and Chronic Toxicity ; opprneraaocarr-olttossvbDaesppdereeemCrrrfvaionettprrridsrii7-tllillero9iiafoo,ftnenei6toc922nt,a,,.l33lo.e,,r77v(H2,,e885a0l5--r3TT(t2NlaCCe)dOyDDdinEgiDDtvuLioeifi)nsnnoteariogaltfha9dpte00aei.gyd6fdss1ea,etywhd(rsmeee.srfaposeAulreebfcdse1tc)did1hvi,atredinol2oyidn1ne.,itac0slo.R6ecrgf8eouf3sneiu5(ntcfalteetdissamnaoiyiapnnsfligdegTasis0cn)Cn,awdtgD2eea,rDlael1o0ffw,oeled7ldo64w,t3ioo0nrg430
23,73-TETrRACHLORODIBENZX>P-DIOXIN
63-25
olfat211orotb.0.i3w6rl,lslo.loee7ia(porwr.inh8ngvid-Lyefnc,dtgDgr7Tae0maTCn2a%fdt,CtDv3me,a,DrDl7eliruv,nD/ea8keestc-rgpTuaog/eetddCrfcenamotD0liyu2avi.Dpn8/ref3iglo.s,ynbe7rt.amrg,T8adt/hek-tThTinegaoehtCns.e96te,hDs00eat-%IaDdhnnnraeieavmgymstdaeuraonfmlleluertesaeisetrnatdsaamiililsnlinos,ttedyobrgntiatocrteatex-aaixxiroitnthcepeneelio.abdeaastfiufetfIcfteedrnoeudcelrmt.lmtosbhcuwoooAewlrdinatnneatysariigunlmveiwimetmaayescpltiiasumgoitlnithsxioieniltneaacearlltlexoochoftsphfwefosoe,aegs4ctpdturth3hpor0oywturesomopipetx(iahr2ciwrem.t5caasa-os1tvpe90eel,yrr
Mg/kg)-
2fodtmtetlicanoehref.rene3ev.adffogldvela.lmetraa7ecrtl0ancms.lsImete8,ocpansda-imoparim0ctnocrmeaf,aa0TaiyofdpdnntTe0lsiedCiToctno1mrCicihmsntD,CtiocoaiaaD,rooa0aDDrllndansns.Datt0g.Detns1oeehtraitdhspsd,ionafTtttirddiesohnthtsoitnhhranehrdlaatanaceecoeul0nnrcviyus.cdlocm1eiiugeingoscealnhndiannomcf/scigolnfrnic.nerfeap,uegetiecca/cartshrlakFvtaosunaeagsateoneldtiderhrdesmftdTeaie.dleidyantanCithpnnsilybHdtmeyaDadcmuysnmeliooadDadcyewtfltiytreiohsxcren,ee.ntcphreocvaaacofaiearxesbernemrtneeirmdeidcdadt,odbid/esaaoefoafdetllireafsyodenhfmidtnmsecsefreiipcgtaopndaugahtulrlatcnseeeelesettinnnsdtiod(pww0ceid2cetc.elrheori01eneasleera4cocltpayheut6euifrtevael)seoaam.getpopsdporr/eiafkostmhcdtS.wugrchhyo/paiaei.adectitrnTramneahswcarlyhgeO.ilSoygenunete,druetrhoslshrcaeoe.uimelhttei-rstviiDaareaevohMedglsreanirselgeiewoeenfahgwt6fsveniloeeein3eea,nddncnyl.st3ctoaetthssr.henrrst1qeeheraader,auitteetcssioalboloeoamfrxwandwtaine,oeciddniurnes
King and Roesler (2092) observed liver toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats orally nsoiflfanioetbudvimrclsecmllerlua2eripdln8iwver.eiaesewdrtstrieaeeoemrtnensektn.i.dlsdo1.tF02Men,adIewta0n.ctl.eyre1aeo,Fckdsrahoiasdstrati,tstanyis1fogatucneepbhrspitatgledocne/akeegrsdgcdeesr/esiadwsecttarieointeoseroeaknttdsihboe2oeendi,fn3lm,obei7svxfoeo,ep8dvrrl-oiyeevTsrweuwisCrteuryerDesaiec.gdDrehcucphtOoritniinignttbeshagaliceiedntrt9ue,ht:rrco1eheehditracsahteonntoecrghdlonoeelvsigsvoemlireiciinglryao-hlastctptchcheehhieartmyainoolpnpigndvegoeeeresrrbcstshautohirntlnoautwmnttiehoarneteic
paprt(h2adooty0rissnm9seitn3oSbosar)uclaleoybl.fthlciyenue2sHmvt,t,a3roioanse,l7ntrvaeor,deto8lhemuo-dafTgseoginCwcceeatadiDltilenohDmnefxoe0ataca.nh1,trmeteoiaoniscanhrivksnaeo;it1mmlaiuhon/aatunoditlgwoo/Tsnpapehcnivoggoodeimwe2frst,,eet3iicdgnht,7hntes,tesy8hatrs-hcoeetTcyefuwlCmmismveeDuervupsrDe,elrar,aiasoteni5irgoddannedtnsotcaehriyonmdyesfmae/itwaashaueteoeshdiern.kttlniioavcufenobmrtorhetbwrh1etoee3hrmrre,ewobfpsoerurseeiigkpmsgsoaearsrnttyedindgin
t(r2i0ll9io4Hn)em2.,3aF,t7oe,pm8o-aTielCetiDcRDhinevfsoourlsv9emmmoennokntetywhssasmdfeauvirnettlhoaeipnreedidndaoilncoaptaeecddiaiei,ntswcthoonellteamninoinenykgeelyi5d0bs0,yapAnaldrltesnpeetr al.
63-26 23,73-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN eobpHdhtrmopebelyeexoisircspctmuioierrhecoldreoratervaetssbltryepsidcoiuoedmotrlpdmaopionplhgitincpteiyeoocaildnfmamafoieslltnfoatsmedhcsndltcsheiaeyhenotaceognsoanrlasftrefeghlitgvaioneoeevaessxrufaaenlyserrdobs3gydt,b.oremsennpgtesCIloaeorauncrevnnladtmlteitdalreechudarn,duvslyrialbedmriaironliounrolagfwelrphlyipstcyndrdodatpgtuehoephuecagrertaratthetic,tmnrcsnietoltlsgeouoeyuptrntmntrrhatahgtveiyatnn,aeii,cvdogtaAhemh4nnd.aay-ledlmnnpantTdtebhostirlhtnenaoptopeutcholm9ehartedrd-oesamioiapewocapbcssodh,iaeyrsdnreea.wwetiaarnnhsmveesdpAerarcrtedeletarmetlieeeraocaReardndnoltstisBanmaosphpecCsueexeliogas-nrwmcbctgsiteeoooiosepandreusrptkrt.trneoevlhrftwodfeoiaaodrigttdtd.hheh,eaatnd ; cTehlleeuleltmimeanttes coafutsheeobflodoedat)h. was attributed to severe pancytopenia (deficiency of all givslFiittnnneryhaaevaddnelvmauenuitacnlhe6sacgsSasfi-eelemue.tmetidernabawaosScTltpsneesahhpeoh,etnrarrhtkeoiwetarpmlnneghyarraaizauysaecytlfcert6seomeaio-a-darD-lmvedls.eixeaomwmo1rpws6niyiyeoitnltthlssweihieptensyeveedtg1mrarrereaikteatsocetosntiidodgs.oazv./nl1ykwelaLmgrtTe/ory/irewevfbhgetepoee/u2irkentegr,hgkAr3inpv/i.h,ewoHo7eteddrh,nem8HApee-tihkf0,eTostey,ecCnwrnsnr0yiydoDeno.tn0toarrsDot1ecmhsw6,fhueas-ar0etsmftllohfiir.ss1limleoeolc,e,nive1eedtoiternnl0hreePle0dtlsvat--ur1aa4fttbecoom-t5cyaeel0todemsdrg6vne/apikehvtannmrogiepodgpyrroplh2pesenrgpree,hv3tolireyuhuo,2xr7rlscdti,iii,m.h3ouan8,darai-a7con(nTRt,2nt8deCeah0ycl-syc9TeolDtui5hndClD1p)tet.0rDoso0rebDlp0ny-hdfyoroldifn 3i;-srrmorieeentivsseliiieddttaachLuuloreeeoeyndsnhtwtgaweena-iasnteoslteretrhfedaamobrusae3ntnnal0iooldd0lrwtmhpirt-naoelraetpelvit2srtwheei9oeelnad0sste0u,axcrisbnpptpeuiaaorot;r1asntu9yash7ernood8epifw.metwrteoahvLiltteseTirhrvibcC,lel7oeri1D3olal0,ntceD0ihcs0t2sto0ueu,m3dne1k,od75gouie,n08fsr20-e,T1tf4hp9i(C,eea752lrD8d-0btT3sDewc3af.op)erc.nerohrdHemimittMesris1otiitolic9nilcelmi6seoo2gnaih-onit1acche29adcda,7l3ub0m,ptei7.otxi,iie8nnabdN-igmmTeoaitCan5hl2a3D0e,te4Dikfto,fem5nes-ct2Tt greemneorvaetdionfrsomremthoeveadctfuraolmextphoesepdoppuolaptuiolantioenxa. mined in 1973 and even further
633.2 Human and Epidemiologic Studies 633.2.1 Short-term Toxicologic Effects essabuewycruveueeme,atareAtseniaknccinirtgoundren,toswegpigasieienetrsnhfxdatopitvleforoloexoersltsywulehporendeiwerdasiaseirvtttdbtoroeyerfbs2yadcsy,ie,h3ltuhfr,lf7aoryaae,srcdt8ttatr-y(caTd2inrtde0Cireto7eieDtng9sraee)Dit.aonvionreenrardrTe.atashilwtoueiOndloetinasitgnoyhhiisfoetntirfogalnrletsohnaysswumeesk,rseiplaneeiintalvkorecscmraero,anelsnaacdcdttsmyeieivoartaoni.niyomnonrsiCi,nbeitsihscoan,elldnguomeyd,rldebaehtvdlceeeaendmsaateredtpeadhaienscrccbfhahahrlteeoioun,mmorgadeicn,aadnld
23,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
63-27
cachuhnytadparenasrhecktooeeuurraslidztoeeesrdriussbp,aytasionhandyprsoeeqfsruupcallotammsooiaefudssaoqnnmudeaesmth,ayopcpuylaessrstsikmaeaerontaadftpotlpshaiuesssiaotsuefolbetfashctewehoeihnuitdcsehergrflmuoaslnaluidlcasulgllly(aa2rno0dce3csp8ui)(dr.2e0or3nm5i)ts.h, eItfaicse
swctdt(lceeeh2ooiamsrb0nemsiea3ofpccipc6rnNrtooeeo)msrmolotnaaocuiertpnoxt2esnyhion,dct3eiscgcsx,illooe7ttuapifofn,fnoido8fndendes-tadciThedtitddoeihnCouftygonDhlccp.ifchaptDeyoti2irsldafd,ptt3wnsrhrsf,deaq7oreansal,unt8i;scfahad-qtemThelieruoyoatCoanzcewteumuDicdveosttoDeveafumaden.rttsrehee,dodtameLauuiictopfresltfenitliwenaoaspgraisgnpa-eoistlantnabeohrtrssiwfoeoimatlvc(atio2mehhsgai0aeenyfea3lmfvesle6eisdeincn)focs.totdtastiilchlurglNoomeacaanwtetonacisdiociauinnddhnltbyglieasoyfysrnfliTweeseteedhsrCoxeoteeupreDfnterosoccDtoseehrelubleeplrewwesciextocaadpohhmsstueofololmsretithureuTheapertmeCnoceodnp..rDtreetheiDdPTmedahatsoiersnyi ..
worcgmpoecauiupctnsrhustosercirrAuostrt2tiileemin,adn3cdrtae,ge7.cs2sc,ehto-o8i3lfno-ooTrayrpfdlCaeeaiacsrnDcrynsausoDmettn,ieapoasgfnttlteoaiaetxmsnryatpdnrsoeco,adxshiruhnpadbirtonrleeus(sgsu2uretorr0itscniee,9scda.m6ullo)rv.sOpri(sseaaniWdiboonennf,iio.tnsehhcrniimetMenehanradrogstleaiesysehctvthaeassrerincyrae,idmieplnanopedwntrstrdieostsie)evmt,dfskeas,astalniiwotgomdtsueefspremheae.oyxpifrpprtDeieeomdnpresgeculotanhrratytoetsoaee,ltleddepas,atrhtseneoyrdpsmocasliupreeebtmnostmaiiiadsstesall
wsctsipnoephyixvcrtielhlieadlucroyAirdetteneyheldenyde6p(-wha2dyshi2froeetefi1iavheatl1reicds-dl)2taoo.e,e(lcp3divdhn,ee7efdglg,l,oi8airrpc-mnllTheo5mdblCso.3eearDbchtayaiDlecoeemanenadcederaososcns1,fhef.t5dovaetlihe,mlamroersiewkronlkhniyianinetdthagienll,dsleeeslyaaxewifoftptdathneoesuasrrst,reuegppratylolenoaa,idylyrhbiientjneaovogmgceitncaoieinotnlrrenripdaathtalhraihnoeginnlooi.acrfdersruceecReynstseistiaaod-tr.ien(ute2xi)ans2a.Al,a1mdsa0Ttiiun)ghnh.ldnaatrssttefSioeohioyncnafmoadctlopohbtfneoerttmeahncset i
fmroamnuTfehaxceptulmorsiainjogonrsiptlyoarnotfas.cacciudetenthaul mrealneaesxepoofsu2r,e3,7st,8u-dTieCsDrDepoinrtetrdicihnlotrhoephlietenroalture result
emwsit1rokx9riutiat4inahtsm9alciTnbalioeennihlxfatideptpwt2yialeoof2,oiiynn8rsdwesiyotwaresniefcerpofvakrrenieiskncsetaetaealsiotrae,nisfdoogccnewfohs,txmeecehphmhvrepoeeellisoaraecuredexainarxtlaercpgtcfeneohaoamnesecnfee,tidadrotdidsar.eewsiylscozi,zerzScpereiitynrdaeahmoetsoedsefcprdosduhat,loclxlwooalmiinrwnaibtasgndihecdddi2nonnT,e,sc4ab,Chlu,ayu5ohsnDd-ueeadTeDalpndd.aiiennateraitcTxscconNp,huleeeoifteftrnasesoraulteorainrr,mgreecsugsyWepeeome,mictrerpocusnaeuttptenocorrtVmotrrivoleyidoasrndnug.s,ddisyaninsmPsfieeatahvpesp.yerstposrieaAaemcanasrdl,ed
63-28 2^,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN setLeexirnvpudeomresruanrlnieepds.isd,nsCe.phrevlrNooirpeuarhscvenseryeas,blt,itenohmpeousuyrsgyithomisf,pmotdounemcelhasyoiesfmudtbphpsreirodovpetedahdtr,ifoeosmnuttibrlslinyrreeeatvmiremsaaeilane,fdetadenmrd(y2thea0lne4in3ii)nnd.icetrigaeelansTeerCainDtiDotont.al daacnecaditdhcMesan.notrcTtewarhaliesrtyailtniaemcsnoiatinlenycdsltiushdseaiovtfagee1ddn2iued2reawnltoooptrotkshpeuerugslgsam3ets0iaotlnylaensvaiyerzrsedsuiaoffsffteetrtrhheenethctceeeoshoitnorgirgtrthioneauanpeldxW(p2the0eces4tt3ef)dVe.widrgeriaentpihaorrtaetdes .;.-1iwwdAlrrpFjuteealhiaebassvyelsluinrdeasdisltrhiActutynlgeaooaieegednnmtsaseptwermarWaiicsncn,atcoaaosheaasndlnas,sicfldezuttteulaeaeotfitGrdviotatfenheccetoirtslcdrnhaiin3ismxedgevasreebmauamma2n.lsenlc^otcoaycanews,nDti7lusotd(tahs,er2lhre8seossf0esn-sapgdlT3,tlcieia,ai4cteCaasftea)satcnse..lDeeordprm.vaDrAoCnecteofrhhdAshctaelhee2lfuodtoncta,hrt3eirtenonaieira,unvip7ccccrec,nilsn8idotlywefhoec-letoTluieanroonrgdseCttafgiuvhcpaDfpdteaioihchnadpilDriuselglsepseyt,rpyewdetmalrmatrlyahunaspepspenesfcpaetdktkrrxneome.eaapcmttapbrarhootsoeendisrtdarweooidttsdiumieineipcgdnvahitehnneonaailadlnehotlel2clhipdsl,rr1e3eieove9xf,dsse7gob5opi.ri,rsu3m8oo,eiesn-TlhaeTnpedtehdliweCvaanreaahdrgDwfpgoiv,.2coDoeri,ahrcma4rFktit,wiwz5eieomoer-nhuhnTdstiri.l.teeof i :T2t(tchch.ow3oeem.me7pssn.Lptt8atuooay-rdmnr-eysedgaTe.d-cvtCtheeowSrnDeimittnvDyhheeetmnahafroenoe2sxlrl,epTto3aaxew,fCl7pctiite,tDen8yrecg-dDtoTtehtfCvdhc`eatoDehvlhauDae1ocel9c-ruGei5tiednx3eweprontamoafhtcss,ra4ceenai7d.1del4s)eew.ornmeeotmsfrpTiewkgplrhoenaleeoryisnfsyeiocrecedbeesaespesnpeevotroxwleryvpplteoeeuorhdpdlseiaeegitdbdhlnioyoeccmtnriToadsat.(heelapniidcgecusn<etstaoenoe0tptfd.0aonca5rsael)t.eroisccwp(ii2lnpoha0oafes3mtnm4ea)s.isn of -wbwd2pnSi11n.e69raieie3fctof74vurf.hrod76eeseercTr.e.usac8eheaoachsh-ni,lteAldelswicddovooiersrTeomnrsseairsmuniCniocepo(gnins2Daftntatunei0thwinDin2of3rengai,atd7ec4gn,ycewca),.edh.5reanvarn-ibtaseltTc1ltddEracyh5hriroucfaiceeelfmityachdnlenietueolcrieceaoannttexrwdrerssaneaseoiolactToudpchsntopnnhceCefaitnudcevniDitharanlnethritglooDr,n2uoeeelradr.etwgtaeenhdxhaxcideepeAneosnpevotfekgoareestc.astosehlxtlmoushd-opetiaprUuernoofeeIitdttssrtcodCeepeiielsnsrdcohMp2tcaouiweit,hrnncs3Erhdyelhaote,oeSr7alidwrtleA,iadriea8ntannarrc-siscadcopTneingitccnlgednCnatct.eeornuiD(sfcfnatptrefioCtDvcervn.kiaeceeno<snlntdrrmlisBoeatseMl0dwtilpvyyani.naee0nnhtAa(drg6dShupilaa)psreen.on,iorodvdn<fdinueIlrf,tssglleaaaopio1hdgl1mc,.efyn69koSgIec7idpfrtxdeh7oiauavlciflemrlIajeyadfionsansfirioitn4tpngeno),opnttfstIeJahttulaieltloyyef, yeyaearrssA. olsCdtuhadiltydrtwhenaesteicxmopneodsouefdcttethode tbShyeevMehsoiogchaaercsectlildicoeennttc.aeln.Ttr(h2ai0tsi3oc8no)hooofnrtT1wC5a0Ds0Dfcohsllihlodowwreeedndyaaeglaetrelr6yattfiooorn1s05in
2,3,7^-TETRACHLORODffiENZO-P-DIOXIN
63-29
mdocsineoriarstdmoauyexppmrsipacttieragloaeltaidrommmendtmaoonnpwaiita-ftihgetsoheslsruettdcttatiohhmmwneeteyimrte.lhotxsrlpeIanltognvosrwseeofsadaeu.prspapp.cAsrooeepnTccauciahnallnaeubdctdlioeeoaerbdnlcasroenftenrohigvnsraieeesttdqmratuyahmaenebhniynnacasooeycrseub.mtatrereaaesHlnnpit(sohi2fweeea0ssres3taveaw8seb)eeor.lri,fsaehlctohtesnildeviggit-TihitneteCsrtaDmhwneDdheeafnfreecatsin
sciecfnrihuxgeprlnhqtoouiuumfLsrmieeecyonddaamscnnoyipascmn.nehdoadoifolvcfiamyddnttauiehatmsaoliylstasaizcgnfewieddnshadmffemiionnabrpgyrcloceoipbhssmrlraonwopsvomitaetstrhoetkosdoabnotmtobtawoleeiennatae;dshdtahelmooofncrnwaogogeen-metvtearebrbtormyhe,lrebDpreaaboefnsplCfoeetudaoclcrdtaelotiloinolof(fnw2p20Sal,sa43esan0v,m7ft)eo.,sp8uaol-nneATdsdrC.ehasiDniinTdgDihemhtnheeaertelxspTdwoaCesturaDe,rDe -
63-3.2-2 Chronic Toxicologic Effects
dpnubaeonloumtkoernandoCogtpwhiecaa,hrntloehhnmlybeoi,uacinsrtagttern-mftydafe,aetrtcypmhatsycsbykphecosehefrlaiaipanlTnttikgrhdCiemcDdcreiadDsntnkiotscsatieutntarihrcosbelns(ua2oedn0caneic3naze9dctys)ehm.dh(lo2yewSr0-piat7eniutc9rdhndk)u.ieeTec,rsiCaOnimtdgDotehpsDsaiaesicgri,rtenieltoxeidopnpdxiodlioicstvoufaeerbrTfienfnCfevouacDerrntmssecDttiacag.ilohraintertTi,eoephsmat,rrhleoetpeseseeesrorenemidtpleyheral potential adverse effects are a problem due to the small size of the group exposed.
wsegAbogip1nixrrfer9gapoopto4nspot.wuuod8hirrffppsAuedeoioetcecexuodcianstrcniroiknmloc1nititttnntlno9aohsuiid.m6tiecdso2ed9eatele,fceTpeyl3dsartde,2hsese75rh,twrea4,3ousiw8msgo,i%df5-oseerhTiyt-c2lkneeTlicC0eonrneou,r4aDcffrisstppenrhDte4auhweixe3onr.ltnepmot6hfvcilroceooeeockesulnxhnvemeelopglaaderxo-foprrds,ptrlysleuyoaoei1rinlscndfy6mcteunv3eehdonetgreehlhsccsrvgaeotoe2eirniinauonnd,ond3ltpnturo,thai7oprthnwd,hml82e,eeacea-,fvaso4aTunflepemn,pCs5lcrdpoahp-pteDpcrToseas5coewrDer1icodmdnenepfdecqcsaacnescoonurhtethnntueoloseotlsofofyamartotcimfahcecofiitclcuenntiuan2anhrarsc,leprae4tbisoininr,nlcwng5egeatgtsa-istrTte(esspihio2nstoxnlrsl0actppuoa4nigro1anise3tonr9smt)oude4tdwa.euod9ruessakpe.scgtTswoe.itensirchTnciouastioeAneahbhlnrtjetitaedftoerrchtustnaoiteetoccsms.tntted
sftotourdm1i9Tea6dth8ioeinn(2l,o05nm45g4a-t)ltra.eiircsmTeh,lhofheraeotfaipiglrhtusheten,seoywflmfeeppcartktosondmoeussfcstcoiihofnrniontnhwtioeocxrli2koc,ewa3rt,esi7or,en8ex-xhTintirCbceliDmutidDnitegideinssyg,tmoraaxnpdicdtuoaamtpliaoscinnhblweoutrenwardceeeneraneltsh1oe965 sopreiafgvthethhtroiertloyiblgooiwccfaaelgirlelcn.ehxeastTnrsehgwmeeasistmiienansjo,gotrlauinrtcyedolasovtefaerdstiuooltbueojrseatcphntssceyedcd,heumvoreliaolltdogiopiclneiavdleordfcihleseloxosrpirdooaenscrusns,re.e.p,eIjrnOoitpbtehhreseetrsrataitelnufgsnfeleyocu,rtrstoahingneecl.leusdiIonends
63-30 23,73-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
coroysteaaooeofexrfffpfmantpsebetrrpcohcresrolsrtieuoduoeiapnnsdusrtfiacgceectotleh.tbsneiiorteoyrvnfgoPoegt2teshnerasi,noxoe,3tsrhiupt,cs7hoeopoydx,efll.sm8oeupe-tvgcnopdThOaiesgtceClroupanocmcrDclapeiaenetmsDdrirooecieebetgnnivbhdnneetireintcsotaeiha.rami,tdcleimoldiaita2nvemeybwesayanrmoteeji,hofnoraorprers2dmilastti3urpnya,saeei7cledpfior,ttvt8oeifeoeemar-rrspTtsleee,aeiwCtdvxtaa3eiepDbenr2ronodtDeosctlaisuiksnrr.4wrmierddepheyTnoro3wefeherrsayeioyterssermmes.deapwafraaosadTistntsnleiiwlealolaenbfuowxlttpansepiaosrrunmoedesgdsresduoeeexistadpnotpthlinotooesptrnseyutuatTavpephtrledCeieeer.td.DneooseltmfDayNsN1tsa0ohooelsrlvesdriuzeee
` wegpiinnxroidvopttheiueocsnpsTat3ut,ithi4grean5eaedlot.lyeewrndfiofewvexbecespysttroaeoTostieftfosdhtwapiecnatrcaotesoleelnyTrnantndCrsayiolgDelntteDrgixefarpinlocd.odauus(snpru2tiri0noned7gfi8aftce)fod.hmevrl2eopeW,rrn3lsop,cei7yhve,eeee8esifn-nfsTooelncaCftdepDs3vvr7eDewo0rrdistoueeDhncxoptpiiwnprooecrnsgreeCnegdwhanaesenatermoncdeyciTcyidoanCuoultreDutearctmDvtociiom.opemnwleoRseeyodeefiwsneuasallesotisnthger
''^' ecT2Fcclhaenhoom,eoCv3mnagore,oDritl7tlpnenrtysL,Dso8aeg-idtwoler-peTien2rbrigsedds,eCeourr3aoelt,nDwsa7suulewbes,iDep8vbti.nvhhge-joenT(eworNrplc5iCsamfte4noisscxD<aeaapsrvrdelDunieoeex0atbt-srispt.leecp0ejayosexodd0oscnpwh1enhetsov)tsisdeaig.osiedrvbhweleteeoodleoMoerrprfrbegowe2akdfeiaudor,nioe3nntrnrtni,icgontd7kcthh,ehr8iblechrineoen-hseyprTt.eptaawotomChobhcronenttnDeiheeceogsdDael.rraioslmtosmiiefaz.nuTarneetpalhdhdTMtealeuCirdteperchemDxaieioaaadpnnDagtooajtcnn-ocersnoeohrenodnxstdlozhepcrylediegeeotsmxnroskspwotiteeneruTodfiracatsipChonitcewdiltddoDcoecouonanrhrDtnncssckol.tdsoeeifitrovrsohaEtonatsrarecrflindn(eygbi2hsvielycny0ioeanhgc4wafteee2rterlmd1t)heri.2dveeid0sceeieslrseuaomsfe
. '
dcso2idTiacainsntool,isufhul3svds-nnetip,doaeuwssu7oscriicTt,roevttdioe8oeibasrehenpgd-ltaksiTraezoaiikineoentcyrpCerdconpdcupmolserDlo.yelhrussatercwpyDhdrptrJhirhioiienehtsnoiyoawhanyrngrbvrhisroiineeeeeatPiegbtsahsvmhCepulsowaiinnaoolPTnlelhav.nssnokC.ereiiadbsugceedcTiHihdnsibtHoCnialiesvsavecnoTheypkinoogxtefnCaiyfdlnrtlantavtTshoDshcikciiieucfnCnhretsyoDpaosgtldudDosisrt(senhihroet2D.sochidoxefe0naafebpa4rPdnthheosa5tbodoSieenehss)xorpeuxdezeixpsavcraaarieskyhsnieeetescnttiliy-desyhnaueceowrsptlrviopiaeaifbiaoaasptrrsnhtanhlsaioouzcoaenspgbpyutonacoPiroemkultctetefiCsanesintlvaee.aydnzuTioin,tntoeerwei.istnuoBouosdihnnuetsnpraHeoinlo,oswvsyripopernoismhittrtdptobtwdayeaheuarherudvesdpolldyrecveiiniheraenenwpeesiyvrnhrstonuitr(e,teerhoPloiihdavprtnnigtCfis.isehhnoetsPreyTtPengogrhCdrecCe)siemniTit-hnnaTooei.osaetvrdmiwjntyaanoaehaCvilnnecgreuecictidaelrtqaadhrrayoftubtbwneoniaioomoyorramilnmxnfesiis,ydceamalnPatltilsCoyeonT.f
2373-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
63-31
cfhcalooocnrsislteiaeItlbiynynaefiecnodaklrlS2loryo,wi3du,e1it7nd9h,g781bW-aT,yrewCemsnaDtaasDnMstey.tiosbisnTyocv-uhoperensritotilrdwgoouaneltcgrotd-esrtusemfsrrt(mio2xm2eIh3dt8eawaw, lhai2tthes2hx3laewa9fc,tfahee2srlcot2terr4eo0oovp)fie.lhsatehlnaeisdne.dpatohnspapdtural2tay,h4teii,dso5n-moTnihxpatrsuroorabdedeusecntainodn
sseaMtllaohuoxnrnboipdsg2gujosee,-oliSs3ltcdmyuue,tt7errsrmbnh,.mie8eeru-fgwnNToTfearaeoCtotCscidsvDuaDfyfeilisofDs.r,Deftumede(nnr2bmtoed0iooesnn7txnd.diwt5ineci)pedcfititeaouinyhnnttriiievatsoinsi1etnvitss9boeitt7auonie1glcdlsfiao.yehiatnvneengcTedacdlrdrluhote1sheu1ati09poos4he8en.fi3dbgsfineehSwdccd-tatariheissvniphiesilpkradiebnrsuseogetatthxrrlhrposieemeeursaelsepaxuocevthwprdeacieol-nloydretsnahinesrt3adsckya0iteinnttgycarorereelaedotacl2huatrt,oh6,ts3peu.8e,ld7igcvsl,hoF8aeutnrut-obreT,trjaenTtCensihccnueCyDetuelsrtDdDrpseoaDexa3ltriontpp6iegoponidsecteaaioodrl,nf
eNeiTalMhemaxxxsi-cogsipppcmksoheooossceluoHsssiolisgeeeunaftofndddtreufeiircff.ndgseapomiyccsrnnoawtpsRoadpcitnounoieeouttnpnmn1halesa.t5ddetrat5desoialotHeaspttrusonpolie.ipoonm,rrfrnhse(eafahk2exsasmtynoi0sdpineoeoawt7odadnfn4asetl)ne)ev2iccdsnhe,ieaot3enresllnli,,tlase7n-hccoflmvs,dtiolo8hshuairmpe-votdTadeeiwespedrridCefdaaeueffnoatrDdeafseritcrlisDdhmsatteaoisarq.vnleietiu1miwdvt2eTltyibemo%onnaeCrngctuleog1cyiDneii%onnrivDatomteceeynfprrtd.opthlemoaiefragerbtvesettonheeeehQnlxodeebssurpinnemaioscrinniiaoscatvldunnholetiRrgtnhecTreeeateuodaix-tnntlcimaeonecfxmpMgrliipld2noosio,nepamao3sntaabu,eedn7ctli3ddilaeed,oe98tpniwg-oraoHTtrfeibnoootCsonh.nausm1oDinpo1rtTe1.eDhnm0r5he0gP4aTeiiynlasphrp(ektbh.ien
cdathonifendfenQruReencuenteamicxioelmpnsRoesbiruneendotswfofgicertniehoodnueeinpclAgosivsnmeworaeemnrradieicncadfnneloeeimtvClsemoalssudtuneaanqctneiiusldtasiotyciennssltyeraSmelcccpoioeondhnrteotcrfeleoidclcilaeeoindnnndcstiiunehHmseetpaahstnlteitudohdQnyT(u2bCad0eioDl7tw7DRn)eouedtennxissphSatohgtosuerwudereyeaexs..pcwolAeistaehlrdso,
6333 Levels of Concern
-
coetpraf1heoexrf.a3sirnposubisEbsesiloukrcba-Btt0iomblmhaeoi8minsplfeiewipattnndiyinIonaotEduatcsnooeo-lrnnfr0e1mdoa5mc.asnf3eaouneEii6nmmfnfdc-.fc5at0aizpeaccs9lerllisoegire,esnoanl,spitit.ftfgahettet/emhrehLteIrievan,midUintaadrceatSeyoaehltsEinnceafpoladccePtieffenteAeciancafmttttiteqiistormvrheahuaeaiaectlrncsytitoiomohisdncsnkna(apecs2stsoinelul1uryocthom4gdifaf1fcoaepivo)nIef2e.tEnditi,sah3os-bmunRa,0az7itmno5sie,os8a,r2wkpafc-o,ITtc3meEiteur,coCws7b-meont0,oDiin8em6ueocD-nl,slTiefaatttnaiettCimtweennrtwDrdssdaaaowtDtaotteeIairhlfrdoEiteietnesw-eqrte0rcuaoaxl7soetcapemvcablofrriaelretfepclryopsuocdm1smelcuier.anrr3nidatoniiEeydtdngked-a.ageir0nsnyeni7toosgToa,ttaniihnnobudfneos,r
63-32 2T3,7t8-TETRACHlX>RODIBENZO-P-DIOXlN wbeeinxseatcttiriemedaxrepapnoatecelncasedtteiofod6ofn.r5shtoeugavmrpeoerrafyonbdfa1iruss0ihces0ekd,a0otao0ntn0tehbpaeeeesxnctoc.rupeimtlseesbreiecoxranpsoeolfesoevafdes.lscuaomnIftcp1estr.hi3ooanuxbslod1av0nbe7dethseighem/oLnpuohlodrafmsb2iaze,le3d,tb7aa,tk8che-kanTgtCraotDshuenDcsrdeuwdoeuld lliCmriitcBainanscceredermorenisnktcaallervuceinnliotignceandnirccienfrkinirndigsiknwgosaftien1r.5mis6iEc2eE+, 0-t05h5e(mUiggS//LkEgP(/3dA7a4y(2)6')16. 7fo)rc2a,l3cu,7l,a8t-eTdCaDnDu,ppTerhe 1e(3v7id4e2Ln)A.cRe Cin(1an25im0)alcsl)a. ssTifhiees U2,S3E,7P,8A-TcClaDssDifiaess a2,3g,r7o,u8p-T2CBDcDaricnintohgeenB2(scuafnficceierngtroup eeIxxEpp-oo0ssF3uuorrreeigssn/,Lottonh(ce12ay,rd3ca,ai7rny,e)o8g-IaTeEnnCd-i0cD5IDrEips-kgi0ns/4L,dtrhfiiogen/rLkUian(Sg11E00wP-dkaAagteyrc(s.3h)7ifl4Fdo2ro)aranhsdha1so04-rEikts--gst0ue5cerhdmi^ldgHe;/xeLpfaoolfrtoshurlorAaensdg7,ve0rit-sh-koteegryriemaasdrufeoltr. , for 2N,3e,i7t,h8e-Tr CODSDH.A (3539) nor the ACGIH (3005) have established exposure criteria
' 633.4 Hazard Assessment f'?*sSocha(i2abbwagr0risnilcd4esiiitrs6f2nyi-vp,.coW23eaatm1d.oln7ea0at.bt2i8isenns)i-,tndienwmcturorhcirencmeiaaelgtesitsuceu(eel2m(y,Ti21nmao0b0Cnrp4u2fdsDi6h)tb.,oDilrnnum2ooDns1ariagse0ocsr,r,2adccma)rlefoancinmabasidtlnsnrasiood.afsfsigipebaimepOdnrrnlcoiriicobtsccaehamyalrert(aaIcie2osAoidsn1n,pmmR0toaeao2iCnngns)fdsu.iseh2(mt1t,arShw3e2avqy,n5ate7ruits0o,oa8aa)nirsm-dleysTaroeosCfesnuoysbaDlsusleiitngDlcceetrueenmomldlrlaueraropciselnaufepc2rsloefhtcBereli(elmtdn2pecao1daaoimd0ntlmoee3iannc)aps.eoorlmoluauftnalsadsthrwebaerseed on its
smallHsutumdayngerxopuopsusirzeedaantda faerwe idneaadtehqsu(a2t0e4t4o, 2ev0a4l3u)abteutcaarnciinnocgreenaiscedefifneccitdsednucee itno carcinomas of the stomach has been reported (2034). wwSiciflnneehahetdrlheiErmockaa2.hm2tlos5s.cn3otioppete(.s7l2rslopihl.ot0ma8tiad(3n-2sfue1tgo0yc)br8paeien9tbhdfre)eioen.mrrcuaTarhurttsaRCersrttydouiieDu(oemdc2amnwDie0roessis9dsts(whho1.i2(vma)e30e2sr3C8we,e936ploee7b,,rnrr7t)rohee2f,.e8vlpa0iae-nclo8kTCdter7stigCthn,eetasirgDod2nttoii0Dmnvnbib8neig,e8uco.,ontCin2anr2eNo,gh03nieDimon8,nng79raeie,stoc,8srnihisse-r3tooetToy4etphwCor7ldahyx0Dmaicmci)lthceaDsaplratlihoesn(nhtr2modra(0cema2voy7aatev0to9tiea3dmsw,bsrt1e3eyee)ooan8e,xcfkfnt6cbe3hRtulirrl)hnatsheeenasperag(pnsaos2ceuodhtru0snsto7toedsrefr9dmetoo,-trmtowrf3eoneir12anrakm3s3ate5mnys)ettseeeonsnrtts in
23,7^-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DlOXIN
63-33
wdmt(h3iodii4csm4rnr7oeoe)nn.stuuwcilAntlhediiousslicinhageanhtdcthahebrirnteobicefmroanecnoatseesox(emm3p7ioaan0slr5ercad)oh.bwretoorcmre2alot,l3ssioo,7nom,sf8a-m(lT3ai4Ccb4eDe7r,tDrr3ae0itani8toe4nSd)se, vwwseiiassthtsoe,roabbcusshietnrrogtvhmleeedahtaiienudpthaaeoxbtorcotshrotaxfuneiscegelesdst,ofhrsoaoertm
sieTmmntsuCtoicrtdnDheoyk2euDe(,is32ynf,0estc7rm2ry,e(a88c2aat,l-s2telTem20rCa09eert2)Dnve6pdetwD)aro(hlosa2eiidesnd1lseud0aca0aftr)sepia.dvtotloeisotsterwot(nurx2atpi0accts9ttieo7e0ron)f.a.f0feto1octfShgtmspeebnogrwrn,e/akeettprgadrenhioTneasdgoCveuueeDpcsnieanDralgisfnboo(ocr2rrlmb1eate0fibaote1bnnn)ipc.tssearhleMa(aap2tnvoe0oder9ratp9iebnnh)ded.toeelfncroAoyfglesrlirto3ceieawp-cngloiecknraneitgdleetwnderoraeirtayitahnitloiionntnhse ,,
o2epftrhf0frofte8eeemd4cnl)oTti.vs0mdoe.x5eorinlifcaaayTntiegeidnCf/dfkgeDtgfcho(Dtyi2srnm0wso4utehf8isvt)eh2e.ar,gr3aaeuG,l7wiuan,w8assee-tusarTetaiikcClnplsygiDug(lscD1ctyoeo6nnrv0dsaa17irtrd1)ioy.o5emn7raeMem/d,hxoaogatnsn/lhkokgaegpelsyestipconsaieraabcgt,hrieeeeeteesdneohewxrmartgimertaahpens,motsoeraerrtnilaenydld(3rsLg9oeian3Dnds3setrrin)ati.titcvvssaeDul((ul22etce0o0aes88trth10rh,)aein2sbg0tuio8ntx3gi,c
2in09r3a,Cts2h0(r2o90n59i)c3a)enfadfnedcgtusminooefnakTpeCyigsDs (D(2200i9n34c2)l).u,deHtehmymatuospoaniedticlivienrvoallvteermaetinotnshaisn breaetsn(s2u0g4g6e,s2te0d92,
2bba20c,el3ou3e,on7t7ed,C,l8ryh-c2eTJh2peoeC1xorm1prDa)toice.sDsndtere.dEyfi,ofsOfflgaelttoacchhwttseeostirrrncoayghairnwaceiturnoeuathsrecstkautineelsaairralgtsillisynotwssincycaoomsonlfepfsisentii2doxoc,mpeon3ron,se7sw,cdu,l8haur-nriesTcedihvvCineekDmrci(sldDa2uinbn0del4iveeyf3aeh)wpsc;teohistarhahdinon(awg2tcie0iemhns3vede4es(i.r)2,v.,0ifdM9oau6tnoai,egrlsu2tade2ele,1ixat0apyt,lhota2esnerh0eada4dls3yt,sois of
ebe2rbexx0eesppl3euino9oel,ssvCtsuure2hrerda0rpeepo7otn8pt(oro2,ietc0eab2td4ree0h3f4en,f(a2e2ep,p2c0gp0ut4a2sr4r32to4ei3)ovx).8efi.cm,,oTTm2aAtChh2tpee3eDflo9youDls,uamn3rt20dea-e2fnxl4olyhcp0leysdao,aivszrp2uieesn0errc7leofiiro5mofer,adaisrt22tseeufe0,do3d7sr,iiy47nmt,ht,g8hite2lr-hea0Toreu7udCs7ptieeDno)svf.cueDtailldhnoAnoe(pedl2nsstme0shct7heoeoo5neubfo)tg.sfimhneograofvatbshseaittleddirstviytmcfeuoratdulsojlileooecrwaseeirstifc(synf2eeghr0oct4atfaass4cin,uiastleso
63.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS collecDteiotenrmofinaatrieopnreosfen2t,a3t,7iv,8e-TfiCeldDDsamcopnlceenantrdatliaobnosraintorsoyilanaanldyswis.ateCrarreequisirreesquired to
63-34 23,7^TETRACHLORODffiENZO-P-DIOXlN spbdmaareameyyvcspoeblonleelfste,cssltapoqemesudscapeilfilsiniitneyddgguclraoainisnnnsdtgtrchoasoelannmarstaalepyicmnsloeiepsmrlcsecmo;solemlesenxucpdtctrlehieaodtcneatdmsioaefnnwitdehioltodhsfditnobssa.rlam4an0gpkeld.se,asydSssuo.hpiolluIianclnaddtaebdswed, iaatctinoeodrmn spstapolmeikttephedldeeswmtasitarhhgtorieunitclede7ds * wegiecrcisnxexloaiecpcttsnpahrlhoturnaciraoEdnhcuatngtePerupegrdomoAdaeEmpumda-(Prsawsa3mospAit2ilncotip3sehqetgprdM1oduroe)muai.vctedhprotete-eerhhldtBxisoshioqaecmoydputpntolsr(iehaeedGotnra6ecaaECeeir1edntx.P3d)edctuAirhcn(tOraalo6hoecnmpl5etsrtuh)toiemaidsfermtoael.ehinmrneqiozldauTiiudtesm-ohdsshv8tieaio2ennpgol8gasaaracf0ontotsoailiatvonvl(hceli6nescydheon3esoeriln)otrohsv.tgffmeeurooanxiasrPanfnatittrnitens2ociefgdeoseg^lrlu;rref,asse7eac2ahtxrp,tso,m8tee3ehrt-ndp,piaeaT7ccaccnl,eCcer8thacsoa-nlD.oeilTytnuixnosDqCjtmirdesruyDi,canetitnci.sDfeotaucdnamhnTisiqsrsnophuoenhsltemeloehatosloveaoGvunerteasaConrbgadestcrecaeaaeotmppneliucphllmtliaecerdnsy ^ cslppialqreemetuarpinpodaTullreehpmasue,tmaipoMyErnoePbecttoAehehfdeoaprutdnhrrauoee8lscy2isiezns8adeg0mdualrap(sbe6lowye3r)radee,ipcxisrdpotte-rimlafcaicfctcmeattriib.eonslnnjeSfedrcosteotohdlmiiaodtknfhote.sherarsemTe2fo,aph3srqlea,e7umts,swe^epoao-llureTeecshCteoeepDxuxdrtrtDrorsacca.coeactdlntsuNeu.amderlyeanwsstisicptahhrinnridmomsmadoeriaitlilhtluyoaatgennirdndoalpo/twhhrageicsatneic aaarcqehuie2eTovuynepsdgi/csLiaanlm(aM2p,lg3eei,tsv7he,ao8nrd-eTa6Cna1abD3loy)Dusiotsdr0we.0t2ie.l4lcntvngiao/ggrn/yL(lwMi(miMetihttehstoihtndhosatd8rtu28cm82a08ne)n0.bt).eTsehoDnbesetittaaeiicvcntituetiydaolnaidnnldeimateqmictustaeitorionniuxsnleiosmfanfeimtcptsl.es
63.5 REFERENCES Nthoetye:apTpheearnoinnstehqeuemnatisatelrnbuimblbioegrsraopfhyt.he references reflect the order of references as
2. DAomceurmiceanntaCtioonnfeorfenthcee oTfhrGeoshvoerldnmLeimntiatlVInalduuesst,ri4atlhHeydg.ieCniinstcsin(nAaCti,GOIHhi)o.1980. 34. Mackay, D. 1979. Finding fugacity feasible. Environ. Sci. Technol. 13:1218-1223. 35. M15a:1ck0a0y6,-1D01.;4.Patterson, S. 1981. Calculating fugacity. Environ. Sci. Technol. 36. 1M6:a6c5k4aAy,-6D60.;AP. atterson, S. 1982. Fugacity revisited. Environ. Sci. Technol.
23,7^ T E T R A C H L O R O D IB E N Z O -P -D IO X IN
63-35
54, NSiettwig,JeMrs.ey1:98N1o. yHesanPdubboloickatoiofnTs.oxic and Hazardous Chemicals. Park Ridge,
59. PTLeiobexrriacroRyleoovgfiyeMwDaeCdtaoicmiBnmaeni'stkteMe(T.EDDBL)ADRaStasbyassteem1,9N84a.tiAonvaalilaLbibleratrhyrooufghMethdeiciNnea,tioTnDaBl
63. oWUf.SaSs.oteElidn-vPWirhoaynsstmiec,aelnUtCa.Slh.ePmEroiPctaAelctMionethAogdesn,cSyW1-988426.,T2ensdt eMd.etWhoadsshifnogrtoEnv,alDu.aCti.:ngOSffoilcied
65. ApUr.oSFc.eeEddunerrvaeirsloRfnomergeitnshtteearlanP4a9rl(oy2ts0eics9t)oi:o4fn3p2Ao3l4glu.entacnyts19u8n4d.erGuthideelCinleeasnesWtaabtleisrhAincgt,teAspt pendix
83. AdsMPuarsmitostaortmeecbciaaatCritsoioeeendrspaAfsofoorgroraefttnRihoSceeneyspe5b1ta4ey9r6m8ct3hhbf.ieenaCranMlod7m,aitEnrp1dedu9u8tCpe3crro.aortPppiporrooniesrnpeatiadotnriuoesPtndista,etofs9hof4oraNlnoptdahgptye.i8,oA8UnI1sna.Sclsc..iiPttEe1ers9ndio8vcr4iiuinr.troireUnesmnnLtievlinysettraosdlnitaitetahse
295. Underground injection control programs. 40CFR144
309. Constituents prohibited as other than trace contaminants. 40CFR227.6
325. Hazardous wastes from non-specific sources. 40CFR261.31
351. Toxic pollutants. 40CFR401.15
535. CSuobusntcainlcoesf.E4urMoapyea1n97C6o.m(7m6u/4n6i4ti/eEsEDCi-rOecJtivLe12o9n, 1th8eMDaiysch1a9r7g6e). of Dangerous
537. SChoeulnlfcisilhoWf aEtuerrso.pe3a0nOCctoombmerun1i9t7ie9s. D(7i9r/e9c2t3iv/Ee EoCn-OthJe LQ2u8a1l,ity10RNeqouviermedbeorf 1979).
538. C19o7u9n.c(il80o/f68E/EurEoCp-eOanJ CL2o0m,m26unJiatineusaDryire1c9t8i0v)e. on Groundwater. 17 December
542. 2C0ouMncairlchof1E97u8r.opean Communities Directive on Toxic and Dangerous Waste .
659. ueVsnatcilmeureatsatiiwonn.er(eSeesetiImnatrtoeddubcytioAnr,thVuorl.D1.).LVitatlleu,eIsnoc.f ulessinsgthKanowonase tahree bvearsyis of
63-36 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODEBENZOP-DIOXTN
667. ahUmu.Smo.naEngn5cv4airrcochinnemomgeiencntaasl,ls pPeevrroastlouencatatielodncobmAygmtehunencyiCcaa1tr9ioc8in5n..oRgeenlaAtivsseescsamrceinntogGernoicuppoatsensucisepsect
992. oFregdaenriacl cRheegmisictearls,19in8o5r.gNanaitciocnhaelmpirciamlsaraynddrimnkicirnogorwgaatneirsmresg. u5l0a:t4io6n9s3;6.synthetic
1219. Values were estimated by Arthur D. Little, Inc.
1250. International Agency of Research on Cancer (IARC) 1982. Working Group on MHthueomnEoavgnarsal.upSahtusipoopnn. o4tf.htGeheeEnvCeavalaur:caitWniooongrelondficHthReeaislCkthaorOfcirCngohageneminziaicctaiolRsni.stko oHfuCmhaenms.icIaAlsRtCo
1417. TpSotoalxlpuiclteoasln,. tCCc.hAoen.m;ceW.n4te:rr1an3te1ior-,1n4sF2.i;.nHthoeogUhneeitmed, TSJta.te1s98u5s.inAgssSeTssOmReEntTodfaPtarbioarsiety. Env.
1513, .
5SH:oa2ir3lp6ae-n2rd,42Lm..Aic.r,oWclihmitaet,eAe.fWfe.c;tsBoruncetr,ifRlu.Rra.l;inThvoolmataisli,zaAt.iWon..; JL.eEonnavrirdo,nR. .QAu.a1l.976.
1607.
VtMIhnoetolen.rEon1vga5art.laiuoGpanhetasinloeonAvnago:etfhnWtechyoeErflvCodaralHurRcaeietanisoloetnaghreocnOhficrCgoRaafnirsCickziaanntooicfogeneCrn. hi(ceIAmRRiicsCakl)so1tfo9C7M7h.eamWn.iocIarAklsiRntCgo
Group on Humans.
1755. rFeesdtreircatlioRnse.g5is1t:e4r0517928.6. Hazardous waste management system; land disposal
1793. 3P7r3opFoisnaall.fo4r JaulCyo1u9n8c5i.l Directive on the Dumping of Waste at Sea. Com (85)
1794, JCuonuenc2i4l,D1i9r8e2ct.iv8e2/5o0n1/MEaEjCor. AOcffciicdiaelntJoHuarznaarldNs oo.fLCe2r3t0a/i1n. Industrial Activities.
1850. YtaaonsoxsduoiccnEoigalno,tvgeAidyr.,oLdne.i;nmovxCeiinrnaot.lacnRalmgeHnepnieo,atraJlttl.hANf.a;Lote.aT,bUhoaaSrnlakAdteoFnhr,uyD,mCEBa.EHnr.o;Lor-Tiks7ksr8e-Amo9f2Fb,BHlaU,yer,.TSbJX.i.cW.Aidi.er1FO9o7r8ra.cnegTeOheaccnudpiattsional
1853. dYeocuonngta, mAi.nLa.;tioCnaismtuedyi,esWoJf.;TTChDalDkeinn, sCto.Era. g1e98s3it.esPemrsaissstievneclye,cmonotvaemminenattedanwdith
phenoxy herbicides. Chemosphere 12:713-726.
.
23,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
63-37
1864. JWhRearBbshiAcinidsgsetosocnaia,ntdDesCas.1s9Po8cB1i.a8tRe2de-1vd4ie7iow4x1io4n.sf.liPterreaptaurreedofnorhVerebtiecriadness, Aindcmluidniinstgrapthioenn,oxy
1908. aNpapslhie, dR.tGo.;tuBrfeainll,chMa.mL.b,eJrrs. a1n9d80f.ieDldistprliobtus.tioJ.nAogfriscil,vFexo,o2d,4C-Dhe,ma.nd28T:6C1D4-D623.
1918. SRfFupi.rrDraein.ns,tsgo:endHpesra,.orDBdboui.orcl,1toi9oNg8ni4ecw.aulCsYeMhsol,eorckarhin:nadaCnteioesnldmdvisarSrooponfrmmiDnaegtinoicHtxaicanlorembAxoppcrotoiuLsounanrdbeso(.BraaPantnoodblrauyrn.redyl,atRAeed;podKrioitmxi1bn8rs)o.uaCnghdo,ld
1919. aCnzducfzawteas,. JE.Mnv.;irHonit.eSs,ciR. T.Aech1n9o86l.. 2A0i:r1b9o5r-n20e0d. ioxins and dibenzofurans: Sources
1920. YafRrnoeodrdmkfEo:crnPodvml,iernbDouun.Pmsmt.i;eoPnnHrtaeasslioslue.R,ricsCek.ssI._o;TfuLCcukhcealros,,riRRn.a.EMte.;d. Y1D9oi8uo3nx.ginE,smAai.nsLsd;ioRnGserlaaoytf,ePdAC.CPD.o,Dmespdosa.unnHdduPsm.CaNDneFws
1921. S60cb0a/8u-m84,-0J.311.98N4T. IRSisNkoa. nPaBlys8is5-o1f45T7C04D.D contaminated soil. EPA Report No.
1922. hGurmahaanme,xMpo.;suHreiletmoa2n,,3,F7.,;8-KTiCrkD, DD..;CWheemndolsipnhge, rJe.; 1W4:i9ls2o5n-9,2J:8.1985. Background
1923. eYSlceohcretkrcitcbeayrl,PtArCa.Bn1ss9,fo8dr3im.oxCeirnosni,ntacfuimdreiannnats.tiaoCnnhdeombfiopasnhpehonefyfrlieecne1e2bs:u6ai6lfdt9ei-nr6g8a0ni.neBleicntgrhicaaml tpoann,eNl eawnd
2026. tpLh-aydmrioobxi,dinJh.C(oT.r,mCIDVon;DeHs) aionrnriCst,h5e7MBi.WnLd/.6u;NcMtimocnKicioen.fnTcelyoe,xfitJc.opDla..;laABtpeipmbl.byaP2uh,m3a,r7,m,8La-.tcSeo.tlr.1a98c84h6:I1.o1rE5of-df1ei2bc4et.snzoof-
2027. dPiroaxtitn, -Rin.dMu.ce1d98c5l.efRt epcaelpattoe.r-Ednepviernodne.nHt emaletchhaPneirssmpsecot.f 6g1lu:3c5o-c4o0r.ticoid and
2028. N(TaCu,DHD.); Btoastsh,eRm. o1u9s8e1.eTmrbarnysoferanodf f2e,t3u,7s.,8T-toextricaoclholgoyro2-0d:i2b9e9n-z3o0-8p.-dioxin
2029. GSCGcuaei.llnltoeu(Uwtrieca.dSyd.,)mi.fSfo7.eMu7rs:e.3e;n5cPe2eme4sr-br3dyr5e,y2toP8esc..Etma.;beltMeabebonyleiszsieesstb,ereJn.c;zhoNr[oeamb]pearyttri,cenDeex.Wcdhu.a;rniPngeged.eeParrrsoloync.,gNeRsat.atA'tli.o1nA9:c8a0d..
63-38 23,7^-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN 2030. dPiooixgienrs,. HC.h; eSmcholsapthteerr,eC1.2:1495833-.46A2n.imal toxicology of chlorinated dibenzo-p2031. 2G0r3e0e)n, S.; Moreland, F.S.; Shen, C. 1977. FDA By-Lines 6:292. (As cited in 2032. KppDy-eadrCmiooalixynpissnrakityoein,,. LAFth.u.SPen..d;g1auM9mi8nc6.eM.AaSappurptibgiln.c:h,TcrDooomxn.Niipcc.oa;lor.Orisa6o'l:Kn4ts5eoe4xwf-ie4cit,6iht3yP.a.WoPf.;C2,RB3,-e7cj,o,8n-Rttea.;tirnSaiinclkhgwlotorrraotndhsi,fboJer.nBmz.o;er- fluid i 2033. Tpohpaulklaetni,onC.cEo.n; tYinouuonugs,lyAeLxpo1s9e8d3.toLoTnCgD-teDr.mEnfiveilrdonst.uSdciei.s Roefsa. 2r6o:d3e5n7t-372. 2034. TeBxbApiSeosFsse,dAAGtMo od.;nioFxNrinoevnietnzmealb-eBtrreiyc1mh7l,eo,r1o9Rp5.3h;eLAniomnlk-.p,JrR.oc.Ine1sds9.8Ma2c.ceMidd.eon3rt:ta17ltih9tay-1ts8ot9uc.dcuyrorefdpeinrsothnes '$; 2035. AdUNog.oSce.u.nEmcEyPen,nAvEti-r6nof0ovnr0imr/oX2en,n-3m8t,7a4e,l-n81P-t9tar4elot-r1tCae.rccCithtieilonornicraionA-andgnaiebdtnie,cAnyOzsosH(-eUp.s:s-SdmEUioeP.SxnA.itn)EO(n1Ff9vfii8incr5eao:.lnDPmDrBreiann8ftkta6i)ln-.1gPE1r7wPo9Aat8et3ecR.rtieocpnroitretria .>: 2036, aP1n0ad5ss:i1d,3ioS7x.-;1in4N3ai.nzzcahrloo-rPaocrnreo,dMue.; Btootnetirfoarcthi,loLr.o;-2G,3ia,7n,8o-tpti-,dFib.e1n9z8o1-d. iAoxnianl.ysJi.sDoefrmlipaild.s '2037. TEC.Ca;rDaFmaDraasi,nchGSi,.eMvFe..;s1oD9,8eI1ltC.aloCym.hIloon,rt.aGcJ.n;. eEFpfaovidlaleormewtitinoi,lg.Ce1.n;0v:G1ir3ioa5nm-1mb4ee3nl.ltuacla,coSn.Eta.;mMinaotnitoensabrychio, 2038. cSMMheiaovlrdcetarseroelen,,l:lNIit,Aa. lPy1.s.;9ix8JM-6Ay.aeMaCrorAlcinsctih2uc5iad,6lyA:2loa6;bf8oB7trh-ra2aet6mo9erbf5yfi.ellmcat,asnPoi.;ffeGsatnraeteinontnhvsoiruooxfn,mePxe.pnMotsa.;ulrYdeiosutaonstgde,rioDxn.ieSna.r;in .2039. EHnavyi,roAnW. S.Mci.. 51:958829.-6E0x0p. osure to TCDD: The health risks. Pergamon Ser. - 2040. eTSiDnpcCeiiC2edDn0eaD3cmr9el.iis),o/PNlLoaagptiei1cor9nf8poa0rll.leoRCsweeyn-stutoeepagdreacnafhittcerICnoiatnuervrneenacsaitlwti.giioWadnteaiaolcsnhoWsniontongartmktohsninhe,aoDStpieCovon.en,.sMoNpplaaaotrnpicosuhnlfaao1tlr7ioA-c1ncl9ian.edix(cepAamolssyaecndoitdfedto
23,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
63-39
2042. MMaedrt.in4,1J:2.W54.-215968.4. Lipid abnormalities in workers exposed to dioxin. Br. J. Ind.
2043. WSuoskrkindE,nRvi.rRon. .1H98e5a.ltChhl1o1r:a1c6n5e-1, 7"1t.he hallmark of dioxin intoxication." Scand. J.
2044. TtPeahtrzeadcdehreolvoveraloo-dVpimebjeleunnpztok-aopnv-dad,ipoJrx.;oingNnieonmsimscoeovnfa.,cAhMrrco.;hn.PiciEcinknvotiovrxaoi,ncJa..t;HioJeniaralbtsyhek3,6L:5.;-1L1.ukas, E. 1981.
2045. Jtaorndeas,aRnd.ET.;CCDhDelsekxyp, oMsu.re1.98A6r.cFh.urEthnevrirodnis.cuHsesaioltnhc4o1n:c1e0r0n-i1n0g3.prophyria cutanea
2046. s4DHKt6u.uo:Adc2mi.y7b;u9aos-K,t3foa0R2nl3n.,,J.3i.n,C;7s.,,KG8-Re.tye.P1etr9.s;a,7c8FDh.r.laGRoure.os;soduBnilb,teseyLneo.rzEf,o;-aJp.PE-tdwa.;irookC-x,yiaenCrar.riNonnc.;,hrarBRtoas.n.MrinTc.a;ortxodWix,ciaoScdli..tDey,A.;aCpnHp.Edlu..;moPnDmhciaoetrtglm,eennRabic.ceAoirlt..,y;
2047. EEScnmhvewirresotonzn.,,HBJ.e.ALa..l;;thGNoPerrerbriissgp,,eJcC.Mt..G.5;.:8S17p9-a79r39s..cThuo,xiGco.Llo.;gyRoofwceh, lVor.Kin.a;teGdehdriibnegn,zoP-.Jp.-;dioxins.
2048. 2fMo.3lcl.oC7w.o8in-nngetelalt,rsaEicn.hEgll.oe;rMoordoaibol erdneo,zsoJe-..pAT-.d;oixoDixaciolngl.airnAdp,rphDle..sWuPsh. am1r9om7n8ak.ceoyTls.ox4(iM3c:i1tay7c5ao-c1fa87m. ulattal
2049. ToCfohxrtiihcsetoilam.nA,atpBuprJle..; rPMahtaefrnomallhaoacwnoil,n. gL8.3A2:,3.3;6,70P,-8e3-t7tee8rt.sroanc,hlRo.rEo.di1b9e8n6z.o-Ipn-tderiomxeindiatrreyamtmeetanbt.olism
2052. 2PiRn.ho3taez.7rrms.m8ca-aanpc,otuelKl.ta.rr;8a2cPB:he5rlr5ooe1wri-ron5ad5,ia9bDd.ei.np;zooIsa-eptr-todispisoouxueiln,ots(h,TyMCroDJid.D, 1)a-9nt8rd6e.aptHaendisctrroeapatass.thiTnooloxgicyolo. fAppl.
2072, 2wAS.eh3De.o-f7leA.e8ld1-a3,n4tMi1emt5.raD0al..c;lhePlvoeertlo.edrPisbrooennc,.zRo1-.3pEt-h.di1Co9xo8inn2f.:.TnEhenwevisritdoaenra.vsaTtoioonxnic-tlhoikel.em1s8oydnNdeorvoo.fm1ae9c8tai2no.dn at the
2074. SoHcfohlfrofamnmga-mnte,,rRmW.E.Fe.x;.;pSoStsteuaharrek-Get,orJe.2eLn,3;,,7PG,8.iA-bt.se;otrnWa,ceBhbl.bBo,r.;oKdS.iBtbe.e;innEbzoev-rapgn-,sd,KioG.xK.i;n. .K1J9n8Au6tM.seHAn,eaAlt.hP.;effects 255:2031-2038.
63-40 23,7^-TLTRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN 2075. H2eSKp.t.3ee;ia.hd7Alre.t8,myh-rPie4o.s1Atl,oe:1t;gSr6i.a;Sc-2ctSseh2cti.lunhod,rrayoGmdo.i;mbfFe,pnaWozlskos.,-;ipbHD-lde.o;inohSxneaiaenmlltlp,hcsoHoennf.tDfa,em.cE;ti.sG;naaSetdsmisonoinetchsyi,a,itnSWedJM..B;wi.sSistt1ohe9ui8nr6ib..eArAgr,cphKi.l.o;EtWnveibrobn,. 2077. AHnaozanrydmoouussM1a9t8e6r.iaSlstuIdnyteflilnigdesndceio.xRinepaofrfetctAspirmilm2u5n, e19sy8s6t.emp. a3n-4d. liver. i' 2078. cT1h9ol8wo2rn.isnSeauntrdevd,eJyd.Cioo.fx;irnBesop.drAnodmeru.,cJtKi.v.MEe p.e;ivdVeenmatnsioPole.fe1nw1ei5vn:e,6s9P5o.-Ff7.1De3m..;pOlolysoeens, eRx.pDo.;seCdotook, R.R. 2079. Ad6oU0ofs.0ScsH/eu.8sme-Es8amen4ltnv/ehDtinr1taof4onnOFrdm.fpfeECioncnliteynva.ccilhriPnoPlBonnrramoi8tnti6ee,an-ct1Otte2iadoH2ln5:dA4iAUs6bsg.e.eSens.nzsmocEy-nepnv-(dUtir.iooSExnEinmnPvseAi.nr)otEan1Plm9AP8e5rnR.otateHelpceoCtairrolttintheNrAaoiasg.seeansncsdym,eOntffice 5 2080. eHGfufeeapcltttahs, oPBfe.Nr2s.,;p3,eV7c,to8.s-t,5e:Jt1r.G2a5c.;-h1lM4o0ro.ood(rAiebs,enJcz.iAtoe-.;dp-Zdiniino2kx0li,n79Ji.)nG.l;abBourlalotocrky, aBn.Cim. a1ls9.73E.nPviartohno.logic .2081. FcHhoeawanlltgehre,sPBien.rAsrpa;etLcltiu.vce5ire:1rc,4e1Gl-ls1.W4f8o..;llo(BAwrsoinwcgint,eadHsi.inWngl.2;e0M7o9rca)Dl adnoisele, Oof.ST.C1D97D3.. UEnltvriarsotnri.ictural 2083. dNFiaYbiethnA,zcoRa-d.pE.-d.;SiocLix.uin3st2e(0rT:,5CM6D4.-ID5.7)119o.7n9.paInravmesetitgerastioonfsvoarfiothues iemffmecutnoeff2u,n3c,7ti,o8n-tse.trAacnhnI.oro2084. 2rKa.u3tr.7lli,.v8Re-r.Nat.en;tdrLatuchhnyldmo,ruoJs.d.;ibBPeoioneczllhoine-pmg-ed.ri,PoxhLia.n;rmGonaucsontlau.fcs3lse1oa:n2r,4R5J9.NA-2A416p928o.2ly(.AmDseirfcafiestreeednactinitaivl2it0ey7ff9ien)ctthoef 2085. b2C10y9la78hr93ka.),loDaCr.eoAllmu;laaStriwcaehneyndderygo,ecnGaer.t;bicoSnabsfa.es,IismSf.m;oruHnsaounppchpoarcrekms,saiEoc.no;loKogfiylbcy6ut:mo1t4,o3xD-i1.cG53T.;. c(GAelasluglcdeitineeed,rJai.ntion 2086. cEGhnillvobirerirontna,.tPeCd.;oaSnnataiilnmint.-eRsTuoafxn, idcGo.al;.zPo9bo:5ne3nc3ez-le5en4te,1s.Fo.(;AnMsSecariltrmeideorn,ienMll2a.0t71y99p8)h0i.mGureinuemti.cAerfcfhec.ts of 2087. McCann 1978. Unpublished study. (As cited in 2079)
23,7,8-TETRACHLORODffiENZO-P-DIOXIN
63-41
2088. ESexipleerr,ieJn.Pti.a.129793:6.2A2-6s2u3r.ve(yAosncitthede minu2ta0g7e9n)icity of various pesticides.
2089. THCusDsaDino, nS.;baEchterreinabl esrygs,tems.LAofmrobtiho,. G1:.3;2G-3e3j.va(lAl,sTc.it1ed972in. M16u0t7a,g2e0n7ic9)effects of
2090. aB1n9rd8o3n".zienMttviui,vtoaG"g.e;unBsiicaniutgyerys,etuaGsdt;yDCo7ofrTsstiC,raGDinD;. DCaehnldeCmaarosrshapethsaerfrere,omR12.;u:5rN4be9ae-n5r5ii,3n.Rci,(n;AePsraactooiltriend"ei,ninMvi2.t0ro7"9)
2091. cKainthdeedrtahi,neKd1.S6o0.m;7i)Rnaundtdilcekth, aJl.Ate.s1t9i7n3.WPiostlayrchrlaotrso. dAibdevnaznoc-.p-Cdhioexmin. sS:epr.er1in20a:t7a0l -e8f4f.ec(tAss
2092. NcKoTimnIgSp,oMPuBn.Ed-2.;527,R36,o77e,78s.-let(erAt,rsaAccRhitIe.odr1o9idn7i4o2.x0iS7nu9.b)Uac.Su.teEinnvtiurboantmioenntsatludPyrootnectriaotns wAigthentchye
2093. 2rKa.3ots.c7.ib.T8a-o,xRiTcJoe.tl;r. aAKchpelpeoller.roP,dhiPba.erAnm.z;aocP-opal-r.dk3i,o5Cx:i5.nN53.r,-e5Gs7u3elh.tsrionfg,aP1.J3.-w1e9e7k6. oral toxicity study in
2094. ATMClolerDnpD,h.Jo.lFRogo.;iocdBalaCrcsohosatmtni,egteD.sT.Aino;xmicVooanl.nke1My5s:i4ll0ceo1r.n,sJu.mP.;inAgbaradhieatmcsoonnt,a1in_Jin.;gLlaolwichl,evJeJls. o19f77.
2095. bBGyioolccdhhsretoemnin.ic,PJvh.eaArrs;musLacianoclk.uot3,e1P:e1.x;6p0Bo7es-ru1gr6me1a3tn.o,(2AH,3s.,7c1,i98te8-td2e.tirInancd2hu0l7cot9rio)odniboefnpzoo-rpp-hdyiroixaini.n the rat
2096. lOabliovrear,toRry.Mw.or1k9e7r5s.. TBorx. iJc. eIfnfdec.tMs oedf.23,32,:74,98--5te3t.ra(Achslocritoeddibienn2zo0-7l9,4)-dioxin in
2097. 2EG.n3iav.7viri.8no-in,.EtRe.;tersPa.crah3t1lio:,1rMo0d5.-i;b1V1en0is.zmo-apr-ad,ioCx.in19a8d3m, iEnmistberryeodtotxoicfeemffaelcetsraotfs before mating.
2098. EGp-nidavivoirixnoiinn,.EaRd.;emsP.irna2ist9it:,e1rM8e5d.;-1tV8o9is.pmraegran,anCt. r1a9ts82d.uErifnfegcttsheofpr2e,3im,7p,8la-tnettartaiochnlopreordioibde.nzo-
2099. 2G.3ia.v7i.n8-i, Ete.;trPacrahtIio,rMod.;ibVeniszmo-apr-ad,ioCx.in1.98E2n.vRiraobnb. iRt etes.ra2t7o:l7o4g-y78s.tudy with
2100. ACnosomnyemt. oTuosxi1c9o8l.1.1D9:i1o2x3in-1:2T7.eratogenicity and reproductive effects. Food
63-42 2^,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZOP-DIOXIN
2101. P2SM.ch3uha.r7wrr.mae8yt-az,c,otFeBlJ.tr..5A;a0cS:h2m1l49oi17rth-9o2.,d5iTF2b.Ahenr.e;zeoN--gpiet-sndceihorxkaietni,onK(T.rDCe.pD;rDHod)uumincitsitothonen,sdtCuied.Gty.T;oofKxroiacctoisbl.ag,AivRpenp.Jl..; 2102. N2N(g3Taa.tv7Piao.-88gn-e0a-l3sttTe1ut,odrxaDyic)cH.holNHloorTSgoyPdPiPubCrbeaonlrgizccroaian-tmpioo-gnd(eNinoNeTxsoiTin.s)(iTNn1e9IcOH8h2s)n.b8i2Ccoa-ra1lnr7ecR6-iM5nep.oegonerdnteeSlseirsraibetssioaNansodsa. yB260oC9f,3F1 mice 2103. 2CPN3uaa.brt7iclo.ii8cnna-aotglioteTenntoreNxasiicoscho.Tllo(oerNgcoyIhdHniPbi)cr8eaon2gl-zr1oRa7-mep5p-7do,(iNrotxTiSPne)riin1es9S8wN2.ios.Cs-2aW0r1cei,bnsNotgeTrePnm-e8si0ics-e3b2(id,oeaDrsmsHaaHylSostfudy). NTP ,2141. 2aUn,3d.,S7S,.8tE-atnnedtvraiarrcodhnslmoDreoinvbtiiasbiloenPn.zrooO-tpeffc-idtciieoonxoifnA.WgeEanPtceAyr-41R49e08g/45u.-l8Aa4tmi-o0bn0is7e.natnWdwaaSsthteairnngdqtauorandl,ist.yDCcr:itCerriiaterfoiar 2168. Khyadrricokphhoofbf,icSp.Wol.l;utBarnotws no,nDn.Sat.;urSaclostet,diTm.Aen;t.TWruadtye,rARe1s.97193.: S2o4r1p-2ti4o8n. of 2169. v2Po0ol:da4ot9il0lli,-z4aR9t2.iTo.n.; aJnadberp,hoHt.oMly.s;isMiinll,thTe. e1n9v8i6r.onTmeternatc.hlEonrovdiriobne.nzSocdi.ioTxeinch: nroalt.es of 2170. EUP.SA. -E60n0v/i2r-o8n0m-1e9n7ta. l Protection Agency 1980. Dioxins. Cincinnati, OH. 2171. UBsY1u9iSomo7uAl6mon.FggaFAi,rcay-aATtleaRESno-dc;7fie6Td2n-e,h1c3cae8,o7sl,kn.,8Ueta-nt.mS,et.iCrnAa.aEctrh.i;oloFnAroorrrndecoiceblodeAm,ncmzEaodeL-npe.md;-dayCito,iuoxDnpinese.pll(aoRTr,eCtJpmD.oMerDn.t;t)NCoinofo.cCtkhheerehmeanimsvtir,ryoLna.mGnd.ent: 2172. o4VD:fei3Dr22t,o7i3c-m,3a73le,88nd-.iticseottrr,iabAcuh;tliooSrnioladonifbo2e,n,V3z,.o7;-,8pV--iTdviCioaxDnionD, (Gi2n.,;3s,oZ7i,al8.p-ETpocConDtio,DxG)ic.oa1lt.9S8Ee0nv.veAisroco,cniI.dtaeSlnaytf..alIVr.elease 2173. B2tSa.ce3kil..el7in5,.8:G1-in3.;7T1-B1C9r57De37s.Dsai,nddGis.t1;r9iCb79ualtliiiongnazroaicnshea, ACfu.;naGcttSieorenlveesosi,foSt(h.;IetaRulayn)td.tie,PrSegr.rPgo.aumn1d9o8nd2.eSpAetrnhieasflyoosrinsdaoEtfnavt.he
2^,73-TETRACHLORODffiENZO-P-DIOXIN
63-43
2174. aDtiDSoevmeeson.icPoe,rAga.;mVonivaSneor,ieGs .on19E82n.v.EnSvcii.ro5n:1m0e5n*1ta1l4.persistence of 2,3,7,8-TCDD
2175. oCMfhacechmkeaomys,picDhae.l;sr.ePTa1ht4ee:r8sf5ou9ng-,8a6cSi3.t;.y-ClehveeulnEg,l Ba.pp1r9o8a5c.hEavsalaupaptilniegdthtoe 2e,n3v,7ir,8o-nTmCeDntDa.l fate
2176. oKfeacrhnloeryo,dPio.Cx.i;nsWinooslosoilns., EEnAv.i;roEn.lliSncgit.oTne, cCh.nPo.l.1967:120. 1P7e-1rs0i1s9te.n(cAesacnidtedmeintab1o8l6is4m)
2177. mPQaeeidvaiueunsmkgye,ro,nJ.T;m.KEoa.bpi1liil9ta8y,6oS. .f;S2tMu^da,7ine,as8h-oTannC,vDSaD.pEo.ri;nYpshaoanilsd.eeCrtsrh,aenAmsFpoos.;prthMearaneldh1or5tor:la1e,38oR9f.-Kd13.i;s9p6e.rsing
2178. oFtrheeermlaonw, Rvo.Ala.t;iliStcyhcrohye,mJi.cMal.s 1in98s6o.ilMs.oEdnevliinrognt.hPertorga.n5sp:2o8r-t33o.f 2,3,7,8-TCDD and
2179. wH19ae8si5dte:a,UinHtcr.ienc1eh9rt8a,5tiN.onSet.ohiIlen,rtsleaerndndiamst)ie.onntalanTdNwOatCer-oncofenrteanmcienaotnioCnoanstaamriensautletdoSf ocihle(m1sitc:al
2180. mPMeiarctsrspouebmciaLulr5da:,e2gF5r.3a;-d2Ba5et8ino.en(zAeotsf, c2Hi,t3Je,d7. ,81in-9t7e23t1r.a4S-1ct)uhdloiersodoinbetnhzeo-bpi-odaioccxuinr.auElantvioirnona.nHd ealth
2181. sCCuhhnoeluimgdhohtsrpyhh,aelGrf-e.lGiv1.e;5s:W1o9fe3b5ps-o1tel9yr4c,0hG.lo.rRo.dBi.be1n9z8o6-.pP-dhiootxoinchseimniacqaluaqtuicanstyusmtemysi.elds and
2182. dHiasprwerosoindg, JmJe.;diYumandoenrst,hAe .dFi.s;pCosleitvioenngoerf,2T,3.E,7.,;8-KTaCpDilaD, Sin. 1so98il5..PRreosleenotefd at ACS National Meeting, Miami, FL, April, 1985.
2183. Kenaga, E. 1980. Environ. Sci. Technol. 14:553. (As cited in 2184)
2184. TpMaearcrthiptniloeo,nl.Lc2.o;0e:B3ff9eir7cri-e3idn9gt9e.o, fB2.;,3T,7h,r8o-toeptr, aLc.hl1o9r8o6-.diMbeenazsou-rpe-mdeinotxion.f Ethneviwroante.rS-ocic.tanol
2185. Brteeutvrreakrchshaelropdr,hinaLas.etPe.d;liqKpuluiadenhaclrh,rDmom.oWlaet.coug1lr9ea8sp.6h.Cynh/-meOmacsotsasnpspohlee/cwrteraot1em5re:1tpr6ay3r-t1fiot6ir7o.neigchoetfficients by
2186. 2S,c3h,r7o,8y-,TJC.MD.D; .HCilehmemano,spFh.Der.;e C14h:e8n7g7,-8S8.0C.. 1985. Physical/chemical properties of
63-44 23,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN 2187. JaatcAksCoSn,NDa.tRio.n1a9l8M5,eeStoilnugb,ilMityiaomfi,2,F3L,7,,8A-pTrCilD, D198in5.contaminated soils. Presented 2188. cRAoremtshebuaurrsctDhio.nCLosimottulmer,cietItsne.ce.No(enAwDIYnLdo)ursk1t:r9i8Aa1lm.aSenrtduicdaMynuoSnnoiccsiipteaattlyeWooffasMttheeesc.haartniocfaldiEonxgininfereorms, 2189. eBnuvmirpounsm, eJn.Ata;l Tpioelnlu,taMn.t;s Wbyriaghwt,hDit.e; rAoutsftu,nSg.uDs.. 1S9c8ie5n. cOex2id28at:i1o4n34o-f14p3e6r.sistent : 2190. fcHrooanmrtraimsaoinhn,earDtbio.iDnci.d;weCitshrteow2r,as3,g,7eR,8a.C-nT.dC1aD9e8Dr1i.a. lAE-tnesGvtierslodtna.gstiSuncdgiy.sRiotfeessf.ooi2lll6oa:w3n2idn3g-b3il3oo9lno.gg-itcearlmspecimens 2191. 2IMC,3oM,n7t,E8eSr-TiAoCloaD,cDcSi.dClee.n;vteDlosinDanoJdmulyednis1itc0ro,ib,1uA9t7i.;o6n.SPiilnaerntgoha,emVeo.n;nvViSrieovrni.amnooenn, tEGna.;vt.ZSSeacvpie.pso5on:1ia,2f7tGe-1r.31t6h9.e82. , 2192. WScii.pfR, eHs..K2.6;:2S5ch5-m2i7d4,. J. 1981. Seveso - an environmental assessment. Environ. 4:2193. fCBTruhhomtilboteroraidnweapoatrrueotdxhd,uDPIc_uitoJibox.lnii1nsh9sd8eiasr3psn.,odOspaDfplf.i-bsf7aiet5cnei-lz8itot6ryf.a.unrCsaphnoosrutidnohfathr2ye,,3T,G7o,.8;ta-tKleteErintahv-,cirhLolo.nHrmo.;-ednRitb.aepBnpozeos,t-opCn-.d:,ioedxsin. ' 2194, TMCatDsuDmiunraa, mF.;odQelueencosesnys,teJm.; .TEsunsvhiiomn.otSoc,i.GR. e1ss9.8236.:M19i1c-r2o1b9i.al degradation of .. i2l95. KRilveeorp,fesro,utRh.wDe.;stZerirnscMhkisys,ouJ.ri1.9E8n3.vi2r,o3n,7m,8e-nTtCIDntDerndaisttiorinbaulti9o:n24i9n-2t5h3e. Spring 2196. p9Is:-6edn8io8sxe-6ien7, 2A(.2R,3.,;7,J8o-TneCsD, DG).Ei.n1a9q7u5a.tDicismtroibduetlioencosoyfst2e,3m,7s.,8E-tnetvrirao-cnh.loSrcoi.-dTiebcehnnzoo-l. 2197. Mp19-du8ii5or.,xiDLna.Cibn.oGrsa.o;tiolYrayanrdaencsdheedfwiimeslkdein,sttAsu.LdJi..e;sACgobrnricbt.ehtFe,oRfoad.tLe.C;ohWfem1e,b.3s,3t6e3,8r:,5-t1Ge8t.r-R5a2c.B3h..l;orSomdiibthe,nzAoE- . ' 2198. a(FAtres8etcmhitaAendS, TiRnM.2A1A;7q7Su)cahtriocy,TJo.xMic.ol1o9g8y4.SEymnvpiorsoinumme, nFtoarltmMobiticlihtyello,fKdYio,xAinps.riPl,r1es9e8n4t.ed
2^,7,8-TETRACHIjORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
63-45
2199. pANrpaimsrhila,,rRi1ly9.G8b5.y1v9o8l5a,tilEizsatitmioant.inPgrepseesntticeiddeatdAissCipSatNioantiofrnoaml Msoeieltsinugr,faMceisamwih,eFnLl,oss is
2200. cQhuloernosdenib,eJn.zFo.;-pM-daiotsxuimn ubrya,mFic.r1o9o8r3g.anOisxmidsa.tEivnevdireognr.adTaotxioicnolo. fC2h,3em,7,.82-t:e2t6r1a--268.
2201. JPH.leiEmllnimnvgeir,ro,CnJ..S.RQ.;.;uIasKle.ena2sre:n1e7e,y1A,-1RP7.8.C;..W19o7o3ls.oCnh, lEor.oAd;ioExinnssonin, Pp.eDstJic.;idJeosn, esso,ilsG.aEn.d; plants.
2202. oPflimdimbeenr,zoJ-.pR-.d;ioKxliinnsg,ebAidelv,. UC.hI.e;mC.rSosebry. ,1D20.C:4.4;-W54.ong, AS. 1973. Photochemistry
2203. dCercoosbmyp, oDsi.tGio.;n Wofonchgl,oAriSna.;tePdlidmibmeenrz,oJ-.pR-d.;ioWxionos.lsSonci,enEc.eA17139:7714.8P- h7o4t9o.
2204. eaLnnibvdeirrUotinV,mApe;nhtoB.torSodccei.ccooT,moDtpa.o;lsAEitnilolvenigrrooinnf.i,21,I30.;,:79C,78e--1tce0int4ra.atcoh,IAor;odPiobsesnaznoz-ipn-,dMiox.in19i7n8.thSeolar
2205. pMraomceaetdovv,iaAca1r9b8e5n.esT.hCehpehmootoslpyhseisreof14p:o8l9y7c-h9l0o0r.inated dibenzo-p-dioxins may
2206. p7B:ou1lsy9e9crh-,2lo1Hr1.i.Rna.;teRdadpipbee,nzCo.-p1-9d7i8o.xiIndsen(PtifCicDatDiosn) boyf smuabssstistupteicotnropmaetttreyr.nsCohfemosphere
2207. 2tNae1net4drs1tarp)cihacktlot,errTond.Jir.b;eecLnozagomn-pipta-idornisokxit,iencLhi;nsoiTqmouewersns.sAaentndta,hl.eDC.1Ih.ne1mg9.l8e05v.2e:Il1db8ey6n5tp-i1fhi8co7at5otil.oyn(tiAc.ofdceigterdadiantion
2208. 2C.r3o.7sb.8y-, Dte.tGra.;chWIoornogd,ibAenSz.o-1p9-7d7io.xEinnv(i2r,o3n,7m,8e-nTtaClDdDeg)r. aSdcaiteinocneo1f95:1337-1338.
2209. 2nS(A.oc3hn.7a-ch.n8iutt-zem,dtaeSnit.nrLap.;2cr0hiBm7loa9arr)toseodstitbci,ehnrDzoo.nA-ipc;a-dlAliyolxeeinxnp, o(JTs.eRCd.D1tDo97)f.9if.TtyTooxpxiaciroctlos.lopAgepircpaltl.riePllfihfoeancrtmsapcrool.d4u8ce:Ad1i8n0.
2210. pmBMerocrilnKseiecsirnut,enlnaWerty.,tahJc1yt.9Dir8vo.5i;tx.yiFn.2ae,E3wn,a7kgv,eo8irsn-,oTinsJet..t:;rHaAJocehramdllotaehrncoh,PdaSeinb.r;iesspnCtiezchcoat-m.ep,-o6d1dKi:eo4;lx1iOf-no5ar3(t.lTteo(CyxA,iDcSiDt.c;yi)tCebadoaslseeianmdpa2oon0nt2,e6nR)t.iEa.l; and
63-46 23,73-TETRAaiLORODrBENZO-P-DIOXIN
2211. oBfedailoex,inM.eGxp.;osSuhreea.reLra,nWce.tT.A; pKrailrl2,,M19.M77.;, 7R4o8bps.o(nA, sAcMite.d1i9n772.0L79o)ng-term effects
2238. CBScaairrettnehrce,el,D1W.8C8..F:;7.3K18i9-m7745b0.r.oTuCghD,DR:.DA.s; aLcicdiddleen,tJalAp.;oiCsolinnien,gRe.pEi.s;oZdeacikn, hMo.rMse.,aJrre.n; as.
2239. 2S1.t03e0.h7:r2.8,8-9P-.2AT9.C3;.DFDorneenyv,irD.o.n;mSetenitna,l Gco.;nteatmailn. a1t9io8n5.inThMeispsuobulrici. hPeuabltlihc rHeespalotnhseRteop.
r^:' 2240. HLH19oee8uaa3lil.stthhMU,, niC1si9sev8one3urtresiirtsyDfiSoorcxhiDnooisHleeoaasfletMhCeSodntiuctirdnoieel,:s SJPter.fofJgeorrsseeospsnhRCHeitpoyos,rpMtitMaislsioossuforuKiriDirkeDwpiavoriostdimo, neSnto.tfof
2340. QmPaeeldvaieuunsmkgye,or,nJ.T;m.KEoa.bpi1liil9tay8,6oS. .f;S2tMu,3da,i7ne,as8h-oTannC,vDSaDp.Eo.ri;nYpshaoanilsd.eeCrtsrh,aenAms.poFos.p;rthMearaneldh1or5tor:la1e,38oR9f.-Kd13i.;s9p6e.rsing
2343. %
2M.3a.r7p.8le-,
Lte;trBacrhulnokr,odRi.b;eTnzhor-opo-pd,ioLxin1.9E86n.viWroant.erScsio.luTbeiclhitnyool.f 20:180-182.
2345. 2N(N.3aIt.7Oio.8Sn-Hal)tIenPtrsuatbictlhuicltoaertiofoodnribNOenocz.cou8-p4pa--1tdi0ioo4nx.ainl .SaCfuertyreanntdInHteelalilgthen(cNeIBOuSlHlet)in194804.. DHHS
3002. A3th5be:b32uo9trt-e,3te3Br4.a.Dl.;epBitihmebliauumm,prLoSd.u;cePsrahtty,dRro.Mne.ph1r9o8s7i.s TinCDmDur-iinnedufecteudsehsy.pTeerrpalatosilaogoyf
3005. AGEGxCoopvvGoeesrrIuHnnrmmeReenInenttcaadollimcIIemnnsddefuunossdrttrra1iitaai9lol8nH8sH-y1yfg9ogi8rei9en.n1isi9tsC8st.s8i,n-1cT19i9hn88nr98e.a.stAhi,omlOdehrLiioci:amnAitCmVoeanrlifuceaernsenaCcneodnofBfeiroelnocgeicaolf
3018. hcA1a9elrtp8hc2aia.ntuooCscg,yheteFnems.sR.ica.C;asalLanqnacuweaarrsnesRtnaicfyeiesc,.faotS4ri2.oDt:nh3.;0eo1Sfr0aau-tp3tn0ildse1cr5h,s.ceGrdeu.eLlne;dinLgDonoNgfAfpelosltyoenwnt,thiaeDsl.iGsch.i;nemPciiutcolattlu,rHed.C.
3068. ShByyimnderbroagcuiosmrtitc,isLoinnStee.;rianHctatihrorenisi,onMfdu2.Wc,3ti,.o7;n,8M,o-itfleletcrrlae, fcCth.lpPoa.r;loaPdteirbaeitntn,zmRo-i.pcMe-d..;TiLoexarmiantboa,lonJgd.yC.331:92896-.35.
3069. ATBteoiptmrxpaiblc.cahiPunlomhtrea,orrdamLcibSatiec.o;nonlzW.oo7-epf7b-:sde2pri9oe,2cx-Hii3fn.i0;c:2H.Ipnaocrlryrecisah,sloeMdri.nWina.tc;eiddLeabnmicpebh,oeJnf.yCclls.eIVfatn;dpMa2lca,K3t,e7in,i8nn-eym,icJe.D. .To1x9i8c5o.l.
23,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
63-47
3084. cTByrotoxooigckeosnl,.eAt4i:c.3L1.a;-n4dJ0o.rhdeapna,toSt.oWxi.c; Befofseec,tsKo.Kf .d;ioSxminitho,nJ.m; Aoullsiesolniv,eDr.cCe.lls1.98C8e.llTBhieol.
3180. o5D1fe:pH4a2ar1zt7am7r,ednoatundsofS1uT9b8rs7at,nas5np2co:e4rs8ta2atn5io.dn4R91e9Cp8oF6r.RtaH1b7al2ze.a1Qr0d1uoauAnsptiMptieeanst.deriFxiaedAls..TRreagnissptor1t9a8t6io,n, List
3213. BcBluuearreenaauuup ootaffrWWgeaattteecrronPPcrreoonttteerccatttiiiooonnn,s,169/f68in/88a.8lF.8in8a0l608680t6a0b7leGorfocuhnedmwiactaelrrceofenrteanmciensan(Wt Q). ,
3231. BpFauurknausmeshkeiitmeKrasa,giMnak.c;uaYp3ia6llm(a3ra)y:m1Go5tC4o--,1M5T8S..; fMorasaunmaloytsois, oKf. e1n9v8i7r.onOmpetinmtaizlaptioolnlutoafntcso.lumn
3235. BaCG1n0..a;Hd8llB.o;cswlihosRetaomeeymrs,inc,cSiahcA.lMkrs.o.,D.m;EM.;aAn.tNvAridima.r;kosenaAtxrm.cnohMnudargeona,rl,gs.MoeFMns.J;,.iu;nBAta.RhC;gmeeZhunieenb.digee,1sne0Mer,,.h(C;SEa.u;Dm.pCu1sptk9ole.8l,rm7S1.oa0.;vnC)a:,Rh1rS7yrim.5o;cmpepBlooplr,ss.o:oJwm.E;nve,MaaBlaub.r;aegtrCoirolaainnntsi,nonoonsf,
3238. dAGipebipeglne.zroP,-hpLa-Erdmi;oaxNcionela.lin,59Rh:.1iAs2t.5id-11in92e891.a.uMxouttraogpehnsicoitfyStaelsmtionngeollfa 2t,y3p,7h,i8m-tuertiruamch.lToroox-icol.
3244. E2G,n3iav,7vir,i8no-int,e.EtRr.a;ecsPh.rl3oat1rio:,1dM0ib5.-e;1nV1z0ois.-mp-adriao,xCin. a1d9m83i.niEstmerberdyottooxfiecmeaffleecrtastsofbefore mating. .
3382. iKnromwickee,aRnd. 1m9a8r6m. Sosteutds.iesChonemdoissptrhibeuretio1n5:a2n0d11e-2m0b2r2y.otoxicity of different PCDF
3397. TeLcxhiomcrxhoi,cnaoMniclg..;ee3xJ:lp2eao7vc9oseulb-s2rs8eoi4nn.t-oKper2ra,i3mp,h7,,e8Dr-at.l;etlBryaomcwhpmlhooarcnoyd,tieRbse.Eno.zf;ot-Whpe-idllRiioahmxeinss,uoJsn.Rm.soisn1t9ke8er7y.c.hECrofefmlelcaBttiiodofl.
3411. ePLWxhup.aFsotr.e;smre,DadcMootlold..I,.2;8K,13H:.,;17o5,Tn86gu--t,1ce6ktL5re.a.rHc,.h;AloB.Nroi.doir1bm9e8na5nz.o, -AGpc-.dCuit.o;exCimnlayr(eTklo,CtoGDx.D;icH).raeTyspoesox,incHsoel.s.T.Ai;npGpmlr.ieceenlee,
3447. MHMeuepytaantte.o,tRoJ.xe;sic.Ald1l5ios7so:en6s3, -oD3f9.C.di.o;xBinosdeo, Kno.;tJdoarmdaang,eSm.Wo.u;seRibdoonlpehmo,aPrr.Fow.; Schmriothm,oJs.om19e8s5..
3451. LMiminintsesfootra DWriantkerinQg uWalaittyerSCtaonndtaarmdsina1n98ts8.RMelienanseesoNtao.R2e,cNomovmemenbdeerd. Allowable
63-48 23,73-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
3452. aMnidnnCersiotetariaWfaotrerToQxuicalSituybSsttaanndceasr,dPs r1o9v8is8i.onMailnDneastoataSuWbjaetcetr tQouCahliatyngSet,an1d1a/8r8d.s
3457. CMSisRso2u0r-i7W.03a1te.r Quality Standards 1987. Water Quality Standards. Missouri 10
3470. o7M5fo:1ar3gte7eln-m1t4ao6nr.sa,nKge.; cHoamwpoornthe,ntSs.;aSnpdecrkel,aWted.; cZheeimgeicra, lEs.. T1o9x8i4c.olM. Autpapgle.nPichitayrmteasctoinl.g
3500. ANmewbiYenotrkWWatearterQuQauliatlyityStaSntadnadradrsdasnadndGuGiduaidnacneceVaVluaelus,es4/119/8877.. New York
`.-3501. WNeawterYoSrtakndPaurbdlsic, CDordinekiRnegviWsioante,reSffteacntdivaerd1s/91/98899. . New York Public Drinking
3539. rOuclec.upFaetdio. nRaelgSisatf.et5y4:a2n3d32H. ealth Administration 1989. Air contaminants: final
3586. TRoexgigcioaln.i,EnGv.ir1o9n8.0.HAeacluthte6h:2u7m-4a3n. exposure to TCDD in Seveso, Italy. J.
^,3671. SStoauntdharDdas,ko2t/a89G. rSoouunthd-WDaakteortaQCuhaaliptyteSrt7a4n:d0a3r:d1s5 1989. Ground-Water Quality
. 3682. oVStfearVtmeeroomnftoVnGetrromCuhonandpttWGerraot1ue2rn. dPrWotaetcetrio.Pn. rRotuecletioanndRSutlreataengdy, Setfrfaetcetgivye199/8289./8S8t.atSetaotfe
3683. dSotactuemWenattaetrioPnr.oDgreacmems bTeerlep19h8o8nethSrouurvgehyF1e9b8r9u.arPyer1s9o8n9a.l communication and
'3705. TTL.eCn1Dc9hD8i3-ne.ix,ApMocs.Loemd.;pCaanrrdoamtinvaoeundceoyx,tpooCgs.ee;ndPetawiccocmhsteeutndti.y, EGonn.;vicMraosonet.dtuMorauf,tianAgd.e;uncA.egd5o:7sa3tbi-,o8r5St..i;onDseinCarli,
3742. ,
Uh19e.S8a9l.t)hE. navdivriosnormyentatballe.PrOoftfeiccteioonf ADgreinnkciyng19W89a.teDrr,iWnkainshginwgattoenr, sDtaCn.da(rMdsayan5d,
3744. SCUyi.nSstc.eimnEnn.avOtiir,nolOninmHee.nfitlae.l UPr.So.teEctniovniroAngmeennctyal1C98r9it.erEiRaISan. dInAtesgsreastsemdenRtisOkfIfincfeo,rmation
3759. CcUhF.eSRm. 1iEc4na1lv.si,roinnomrgeanntaicl Pchreomteicctaiolsn, aAngdenmcyicr1o9o8r5g.anNisPmDsW. FRed-. SRyengtihset.tic50o:4rg6a9n36ic. 40
3763. f5Uo1.r:S2.e0xE4i2snt9vi,nirgaonnadmnde1n9n8tea8wl, P5s3ro:ou4tr0ec5cet6si2o.onf4A0pgoCellnFucRtyio4n01:3986A65.ptpGoexennicdeirpxaolBllp.urtaentrtesa. tFmeedn.tRreeggiuslta.ti1o9n8s6,
23,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
63-49
3766. a(UCn.SdE.RnEContLivfAiirc)oa.ntimonenotfalhPazraortdecotuiosnsuAbgsteannccyes1.9F8e6d. .DReseigginsta.ti5o1n:,34r5e3p4o.rt4a0blCe FqRua3n0t2i.t4ies, 3767. 5cUa1.t:Se4.g0o4Er2ny1v,.irp4or0netmCreeFanRttma4l1e3nP.trostteacntdioanrdsAgaenndcymo1n9i8t6o.riEnlgecrterqoupilraetminegntpso.inFteds.ouRrecgeist. 3768. c5Ua1.t:Se4.g0o4Er2ny1;v.irp4or0netmCreeFanRttma4l3e3nP.trosttaecntdioarndsAgaenndcymo1n9i8t6o.riMngetraelqfuiniriesmhienngtsp.oFinetd.soRuergciest. 3775. gDUrC.oSu.nEdn-wviartoenrmmeonntaitlorPirnogt.ecFteiodn. RAeggeinstc.y5129:28579.4L2i.st40ofChFaRza2r6d4ouasndco2n7s0titAupenptesndfoixr 3781. (aUSn.AdS.RfEiArnstvSiderrcoitnniomknienng1t1aw0la)P.terrotpercitoirointyAligset.nFcyed1.9R88e.giNsto.t5ic3e:1o8f92su-1b9s0ti2t.ut4e0d CcoFnRt1a4m1inants 3783. AUhap.Szpa.ernEddoniuvxsirVownIaImsIt.eens:taHl aPzraortdeocutisoncoAnsgteintuceynt1s9.8F8.edI.deRnetgifiiscLati5o3n:1a3n3d88li.st4in0gCoFfR261 3786. RtUhe.iSrgd.isEts.cnh5ve3idr:3ou1nle1md3e8nw-3taa1sl2te2Ps2r:.oWt4e0catsCitoeFnRspA2e6gc8ei.nf3icc2y.p1r9o8h8ib. iLtioannds-Cdaislpifoosranliarelsisttricwtaiosntess.foFredfi.rst 3802. gU(Pe.nSSe.NrESat)ni,nvTigraopbnolmeine-tnt1sao2lu6rPPcreroitoceracittteyigoonProyAl:lugPetanrnecttyrs.e1a49t0m82eC.nFStRtes4taa2mn3d.1aa7nrddAsepflopercetnrndieciwxpAsoowuerrces 3831. TpWooetxebinceocrl,y. HoL.fe;tTtH.Ca2rD6rD:is1,,59MT-1C.W6D7..F; HanadsemTCanD,DJ.-KT.C; DBiFrncboamumbi,naLtSio.ns19i8n5.CT57eBra1t/6ogNenmicice. 3863. mtZhiuemtamNgaeertniioinsngisa, ltSeT.;sotMixnigacosiolnong,DyJr.PoMsroo.;pgrVhaiamlale..n2Ec.inRav,eirsRuo.nl;t.sWMoofuot2da0rguecfnof.,deR7d:.8C7c.-o1m1090p8.o5u.nCdhsetmesicteadl for 3933. oMNfaetTdiooicnxiiancleE'IsnfsfMeticEttusDteoLfoAfCROhSecmcsyuiscptaaelmtiSo.unbasltaSnacfeetsyDaantdabHaesealtNhat(iNonIOalSLHi)b.ra1r9y88o.f Registry
COMPLEX MIXTURES
ofetttohhhxfrepeeesetanierhnraiitlmmstieueTrealrraenhteescctisrtsahoiiloaawcfnlphfsetistanhleclpdeo-radtisfnenmergatfvhaissndateecrereryledaaoiplcassagotlecirrwlvctyotheoeiutardahpidtsniigaionnpsrgfocetusocdhtlsomoiteieimbmnptflphetolaes.loet,xleuoolrIwnmytrodiuinsustxthhgtteiwouelicuroazheslsfedtadoasmprynbtaanoedengrdt/dhesoni.feroicpsetocirdeslno,dadbas,tsiashthbieonoolyfnewfcosceae.rovrsmmeesTarupr,rhloeyatefuthslibneaneucdtgttfseta.ihdfncoetgloTilrnrochesowdemmciseafapnotnnohrtysmseiinotaaoiffdtoluudnttuehelsindoenec,fdee that infoTrhmeattyiopnicawlacsoamvpaiolnabenlet.s aPnhdysaicpaplr/cohxeimmaictael cpormoppeorstiiteiosnofotfenthweemreixntuortesavaarielabplreovoirdevdariifed wdcpleraepolslpseneaordsftiiwnecgsiotmhaocpngcoeofuorongdrrdimnasgupwlhataiotcsiotlnghoi.cevaeitMnnio.tanennsydoeofdfputrhsoeed.suecFtmuuirxsttehu.erremsInoarrese,ombthleeencdfaoesrdems,tuotlahmteirooednfisofyrveat,rhytehiwreiptrhhanyssgeieacasfloonr athse seencvtiiroonnsmInoennatdthdaientidopnraintbcoirpiteahfleocdvoeamrtavpioefnworenottfhsetahmnediirxtmtuoarxjeiocriittysae.dlfd,ittihveescohfapthteer mthixattufroel,lotwhesiralfsaotecoinntathines
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4) CHApEAIACNnpMlyladkkrcpaoyaIlhocxClnbtsaiehAm/eltskaneLaaltzetrneenCaenelsOCiesnsoMsmPpOosSiItTioInO: N: 86021.1.9.001..%%0%0%%<1%
( Part 2 of 2
64-1
REACTIVITY
sorcafocmValuehorxgraaapgbenilemrdotaosnseiriitnmirortzndaitsiuniecnsacea,rse(orbcls5v,smpeels0iedsesofgfp5lurououg,atotcr5rryoaotxhoc0pirscibeu7eidiboacnslss,eemeas5estlr1,ilwypnml1eyiopoaqai)ritrirt.eucschievctbihamadieolioysclllltaynidltcvrtaigrshyeoonrn,olnneeoepchigpsogsrleeaoiuinruawnasrositsmcteti,xitiicfodhitiafodnhscpinmre,ao,aedestxtrab,o,icioluordhkohanxsiyarnleztyodldixipigsrbnsrputae,olgrtlenrtocooaep.axmsnn.ooriigdrcoibsTnenJofooseshesnltxrr.ateraimiodmnlfNSnuimvziaugexFoicaclntliPsuhvbdgArilsanee,rgse
CPHHDEYAMSTIICCAOA-L
AFFVCOPDBOFlhrluooaeddaaeycbnli(ptoomsolaeolsyshirororitzniim:crt:gsevgayTP2en/aoPl:Md0ohFibPlCrtuiSrulino)eecoeeom0teistluaslnn.t:slo7hLpet-utero5o:;PirT:lm-i0leeold2-e0:si2i63m:ntsL90s.gt0p:i9.:t/qC001.om.:u011p-iLt0ld7oi.tp2E3go2m4(0h(-+.aa001t2t0tt0..7o00b1'2002Cr0.8t0o0moC.w00CCm0n2)C)%4H2.0giC
(((((((11166669990000333)))) 433))) (23,51,60,1934) ((6203,,5510,66)0,506) (1934)
REPRODUCED BY U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
NATIONAL TECHNICAL
INFORMATION SERVICE Sp r in g f ie l d ; va 22161
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64-2 CPHH(DECYAMoSToIICClA)OA-L
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
VSLSSouaiosdlCim(frgudcoafyoobgr.atn(se/ciOCemi2ltfetiy/f0tycoc3.pyT)t:mn:Cia(ceeainn)an,0t(o3ls.eilW8.2insc-0o02tWo0niaA9mm:Ctaitecr)op)tr:pe2:o(r7.na5(.6tea0P30.nt006a02.t0r0002st01EimRCt0+iCEo)ag0n/)n+L1g0e5
(ADL estim) (2251) ((6600))
(See Table 64-4)
BHSocitfteoocoo5oinlcor.mr0o5m1Ayt0n.p.yQQ'dpEscopso.00n+ioLncEEeFr0aaenp++a5lwnt.c00sctt16(s)CoCor)mraooa(:rnentpamfgsfon5te.n.:g.:0emfeo0n23r1Eft/.oms.4+0tr0yo00pEtlE1.yi+c-p0at0iR4olc2aalnge
(See Table 64-4) (See Table 64-4). (ADL estim)
PINERSWTYSHAISSETTTEESEMRONICLE-
JdwwcotumnsaafiauarPnaneoaeetlgrbdte-drnaeenbua4-pdset,tsnornhsrpauahnpeilsmoelrsrylryoshrnmlofiiydcieoangc-leio-srdpssctegroxnooeseactheacodsbgrtecaxaendixsiryncostrpvidiioutins.sbdeeeou,rtcoavcgenrnhonbnStatnrisdaienfoeosputorwdgneufworngaai,n-anfrneerpvtatadshaoeaeocoitwnmysrtreilroehbdod.laaeuoxlnseerbtpaBstppborelttersiiereceieadeoloiadcsldngsdsdmtortednoseebeiJnfaoailgdgrofPtpriymriorslnce-hsayatm4a-iab.odocsddenetrtapseaxetopbougttopmhoiboeirrutoeoixilfaesgnncalnair.nduhtdldceettieoaeelanioedParartfrdxg.tiesleoiiJpterdvnsotPnsiiVemaholm.i-llvtsirboys4iilitpeocslereDaaaormnohnnatotr;onyciontdlwdteaibdozrnni,aioltneto
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4) PEAXTPHOOWSFUARYES
64-3 iwlmarmdTtnaaenrahnaansidttndyyuekeh,klsriteadpniilnlrionessfcigsryagofmoousdnwltmaisoiaentneracmraeygctgmiteunehiprtinrihsroanssaostpfattuhluiraihatnolpwgintlegomshpicaoen.lecysnissoVettoo,hionsaeoifetfalxpnbasispcorymduacwoorirrnJinrssifnauedtPacfhafcrec-trtt4ermeoiwfsnovmui.wfnaogreftarlolrelaIaotmeorntjetfaimeerhlkotiglatzereiariltnaadsnaohtftoktudiooeinooinoonnirassnddngogtw.sgroriepsluiaf/xtcimgctolpuestlrreauplorotadyrisuugluelrnressfra,ued,else-ullt
HHEADAZALATTARHD
vrscdSimSfrti6oaheisroeg0pnfeoimnant.osrattsctratta1to-iici9olatnoahe3uncngncr.2hds,odm^neAondmSetffsisehyupyistxmcesiihpnraicoepallgoainttqsnroip.uaouemnnrnisodedepIscuniocrtaomiuforaerfrrtoxet.oihShnttrriaiheirygetItorihinmlsiortitg.rtqnaev-eauttascieTocipnttdraif,hgoomsrehintetnhseolHlt,eaieiosqdvultsuoheaiktmrsihlecidssrnaheie.tnecomaylsafute,aEniBnsnynx.gogcpastcahoutaucossuasuetsehnatrehee, :egainved
Acute Toxicitv Studies: NOoRADLa:ta SNKoINda:ta INNoHdAaLtaATION: GnPLCeroaeuennrgrcgooni-tnlTaooonxeggircieccmvnia/tNivlcEiedtDfoyafnaemtacCatatls:ega:esDsLifLafihimticuvaamie:ttrieaodnNan'n:loddadtkaaitdaanreeyndegaamtiavgee (animal), INEAPTRAPC --- NNNooo dddaaatttaaa
644 PRHEACN(1AD9UL67TI)NIOGNS
JP4 (JET FUEL 4) TmaffcNrmpfraaaoanerhogccoscnndoe/peeedCgtmtspppiaeoeerpfhcci3iiraoeee:eettogtl.cicccmlofavoeieecrfneiwh1ic1iooacw7ecaci0nrpnm5llir0docetg-se0hgiat3resch-oaon2gpla5hifrgt5iuinl-0segragcitg0dCaadclelof0eatnre-noisir;mlinntrimctnacirsafliuidggevsudns/uapektmdgeLhmpipedaidef3eonlra:aerisrgreenbcleseidedgrcnsgf-itpeaapoeslhaorsmisriaaerttpvihrnmcaorwkerietidsodenaoero,bergsrrgeorokaeaespwspbpaeeoewfiiqprirorlnrtoiupiaahuttenaaytshtAneosurlhwdpdroapfaatiptufpotlwunfiflhrlonel-sdioimr1eytpfahwdd0ebaaJr0e-icobsiaPtfm0aekohuoipt4rtlaiells.ifnieundclgle
ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCRCITUEPRAITAIONAL STANDARDS AND
AIR EXPOSURE LIMITS: Sta(nAO1d5FSa-OmrHdSiAsnH):TPW5E0AL0 ((p88p--hmhrr):TWpeAtr)o:leupmetrodliesutimllatdeisst(ilnlaatpehsth(naa)p4h0t0hap)p4m00 ppm; STEL C rigegNtAAseaaItrssCCOaiooabGGllSilininHIIsHHeeheI--dDTSn5;TLL0ogEVH0naLespo(pe3(l1(ism0n8t5-a-e-mhbmr-ilniins3T)h):0W:e0pdpAepet)ptr:rmoolpeleeuutmrmoldeduisimstitlilldalatisettesisll(a(nntaeapsphh(tnhthaaap))h-t-h1an0)o,0n-0e0neopsnpteamb;lished;
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4) ENVIRONMENTAL ANCDRIOTCECRUIAPA(CToInOLN)AL STANDARDS AND
64-5
WATER EXPOSURE LIMITS:
DrNinokniengesWtabatliesrheSdtandards
EPNAonHeeaelstthabAlidsvhiesdories and Cancer Risk Levels
WNHoOinDforrinmkaintigonWaavtaeirlaGblue.ideline
E PHA-uAmNmaonnbeiHeneetsatlaWtbhalit(se3hr5e5dQ);uJaPli-t4y
Criteria is not a
priority
pollutant.
A-quNaotinceLeisfetab(3li5s5h)ed; JP-4 is not a priority pollutant.
FOfrooilrmadntodhmeGetsrateiscateswseaa(tn2ed0r1so2ud)poprlsy:thVaitrteumalalynaftreeefrformompeotirl oalenudmgrperaosde,ucptasr. ticularly For aquatic life: - Thhthuaoevnipdnlorrgowedtaee-scfdtotelcdsmoe.vnoetnirsnaturlaoitumesdpfolhroitwgahn9ts6uf-rshecoseuhpwrtiabLtiCelir*ty,asnthodouomlidlasrbainenedrseppdeeutcrcioeedcs,haeemacihcals,
- elefvfeeclstsotfooitlhseobriopteatrsohcohuelmdicnaolts bine tahlleowseeddi;ment which cause deleterious - soufrvfaecgeetwabatleersansdhaallnibmealviorrtuigailnlyafsreweelflroams pfelotraotilneugmn-odne-rpievterdoloeiul.m oils REFERENCE DOSES: No reference dose available.
64-6 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
REGULATORY STATUS (as of 01-MAR-89)
P roFmeudlsaCOL(ego3nrialiu5maedlt1raeliac)dnetP.neaxrdtiRWioscEotgeagianfgrtnrftseauelgegumalrvaoessastroneAriiuotyecarnstlrdcisemeues(pndi,CtedeaanWestnirdigodAinnnt)haesgetfeffolodgunreencnotoehitnrleavlaileimnnnpdditrtuiaeogsttnrtirroeaeyanlasst(pem3ao7eenl6lxndu3itst)agt.rnueintigdsueaullalinmntdieooesns.rtstahflolerpCnoWeinwtA atOippoMnhphrfcaaopyetktrhslhainiiiscnecnbouaaeiwmncltd,ehnPtuadscrmrchooaiheenrptrxemeeiecmscneuitegeciipsnxcoaptoavenlelmifwrocRcoortpheonretedbngmsnfeiasorcetantolianrhtoomrcutgehcheyiaoicntnlrhaaaotolnserggasdeepreaenenrrpSoserrrca,ceeaonnegmspmscoueistundnlupeatl-tsaoytatioruagoiirxnsneneeinsdscnttssrhdAiaafoeeanccrrsetdtsehetdwceean(oyeroMhnla(nlact3tP-aaro0abmnmRgs9ieo)lSidt.nenahAsesacsemc)niubtsdosmyun. msutlPrpaaeitntrivemgeit OEanmcc8pu-lphoaoytueieronetaixmlpeSo-aswufeertieyghtaotneddpeHatrveoealrelatuhgmeA(dcTitsWti(lAlOa)tSeoHsfA(4n)0a0phptphma) (s3h5a3ll9)n.ot exceed lHThaahabzzeeaalriDrnddegoopuuaassnrmdtMmataetretnaerntrisaioaplf.lowsrThtTrairactaihnonsnpisspo(osr3urt0atb6atj)iteo.icontnhtAoascrtdeqe(suHiigrMnemaTteeAndt)savfoiartiopnackfuaeglinags, a
StatmAANssetplaLPoelWtrDcLeseitaWfairStsceettTRegrrnsAiusnuPlThgam(reatsEoienevgoSrteerniacscWam,rdciestraoeiitpttreehitrareei:draE.xbEpyPToAnhsuaerrsAreeamtLsibtviamieetneirtstsefhWseaercvaetetnieocrpenrQ)oomurasaubllitygthyaertieCerldirspittraienodrgmidaiutthialognenadateldor AasAunlLradfAsak1cSa0eKh/wAiagas/tLearnsfoa(r3q0tuo1at6tai)lc. alirfoemcartiitcerhioyndroofca1r5bonngsfLinfforresthotaalndhymdraorcinaerbons AAorrRk1Ka5nAsmNasgS/LAreSqmuairxeims uthmatwohilenanddiscghraeargseingshtaoll snuortfaecxecweeadter1s0 (m35g8/L7).average
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
64-7
wwFFlLaaottOreeirrdRssaI((Dnr3e2Aaq2vu0igi)ra.etsionth,aitndouilstarniadl gurseea)seanndot5emxcge/Ledfo1r0amllgo/Ltheinr sCulrafsasceV wMoMialaAtseaSsrnaSsdcAh(g3Cur4sHe3ea2tUst)esS. EoreTfqTpueSirtersolethuamt tohreigminanxiomtuemxcedeisdch1a5rgmegc/oLncinensturraftaiocen of wNNaeEbtBerraRssAk(a3S7Kr1eA9q)u. ires that petroleum oils not exceed 10 mg/L in surface kNNeEerwWosYeYnoeOrkiRnhKdasrinsektinag mwaaxteimr u(3m50c1o)n.taminant level of 50 Mg/L for SSpoeOturUtohTleHDumaDkoAptrKaodOhuaTcstAsaiwnastuerrfaqcuealwitaytesrtsan(d3a6r7d2)o.f 10 mg/L for all VVhyiIrdRgriGonciIaaNrbIhAoanssainwagtreorunquda-wlitaytesrta(n3d1a3r5d).of 1 mg/L for petroleum .....W3Wagn8ryo5dYou2OmCn).dMilna-wsgIsNahtIGaeIsraainsdwreaHqtIeurigrrqeoduuantliodty-bwseatatvenirrdsta.uradIllnyofafrd1ed0eitmioofng/,oLiCl flaoanrssdsuIgrrdfeaoacmseeews(t3aic8te5r3s, P roFpeodsNeedroalRfePedgreuorglaarltaimorensgsulations are pending. StatNeoWsatateter rPergouglraatmiosns are pending. aprMMedrgooOvuspisStloeaTsdstiti.noaSgntTeCssAchhwTaaahrnEneegSgneeinssthatterhoeyetpbhpreeroicorjocemercsetesegduoflifanfotarirloe.vn1issC9i8wno9gnh-ti9tca0hhcet(iw3rw6iwli8lth3af)to.etlrhloepwrsotEagtrPeaAmo'sfsfiacnerd is
64-8 JIM (JET FUEL 4)
EECDDiriercetcivtieveosn Fishing Water Quality (536) wslpPaureakrottefredasoru,clsece(eui2nom)hfsaiumtrphcmrpehoafduwrqutlauceatatefsnfrdetmeicotttirueesscsfttionatrnhbmofaliettshcbt"o.hehaeytypidn:rrgeossc(ea1onr)bntfoointnrh"mestaablamsetvdeoisnstiioobdfleawsnfhaidltmeacrny-odpcn,oriu(nt3rhisd)ees and ptTtDhhrhieeoreyedscumhmtceiavaellnyefadisnoahvnotiotswritbbyhhleeiescphpQfeirulchemiasafleisicontayhnttaiiRortnhmneesqsfhuusfeliuorlrlerefffdiapfsehceocettrfwsooSalfoethenuterhmlletfihinswhehysasudthWcerehorlacltfaaqeinrsurbhdsao./nontr(si5tia3sep7sd)eecapisfoytsoitthaotn . cAeocittDDnhhanorpiitreemgvrropcsaieerpeigrccnngoorottorosonipuvohugdumrnuebaeinidsannlesdcoosttndihaecgnt-oa,inewnmrrnacGmagnetsetrescudhueaootresbsiuammunhsng(artoapiiedoqe.niloenll-sue)W.ugi,rabcdrnoatevaoeidlofcituearsteoomnaeriradpklnegstn-eevdeaw(dnriar5nrcaann3ooosbttdeu8npeloyac)rbmhghetmseoisy(etonssianden.apienmrtcrh.,ocy,tboehcpswersaurrtroroooibwtbuupshcopshtgeooanrirhuuccnestonhtivcgemiteesrsrpmnsopiepetiuaowrnsrnycui.ohnodonhifdlrcodaiiohbrrstvrmii,eitopcaesntodustsu.bdthschiseeshorscoisahlu)qagurohgafetic waqDAccsauoonnuanicmmdrdasyhetn/ppoecptio.wrotinhtiuusyvaedntn,senaidtdsonleopslsl,aa;nottc(asuilwooneeTrmasndieotd,,hxopoiepofccfcshuotactynmaaerhsnbdrcipedtlicsaino;asmiuoDlhnognmeaaredttngnnheosadgn;xoicnetidccc,risceyhoo-faaeuahfrnnmensadicdudliWtocnesdagssd)aalie;etnsnsecrethgshtetaacehsaourlkrelomsiarn(euksc5pdgset4oeaeww2ufrnpoi)nhadsrdtsaiictsadceh;rrsisesocppcamihonronrraosdcoditdlniumcuogdorceipfienogostgif,lnhysehpcuooyhcfclehdlniscols Directive on the Discharge of Dangerous Substances (535) wbcdcaOoaniehrsardcigcsdc/hatiohinaansrclrooihggoshwesaedauarnoloegtosrefegredooestmrnhfiwsienshs,suitsuteoiobhmorsosnitgaunuaanbltsnantscnapfoteoadnrpsonidhosdcaworuershrsddapfiescuahi.rnhctaihetvtoAhoeewrsadg,ivaszryfetpaoresteuortaitesonmr,mnddot-elaewefloqreruafortumteimazetroteriihr.rocmiyouad-eeslnmrewoevmbcfiafraeiteosrrecsnbrticsomoononouesnrnn,attptisrnhpitecelesairetnnsanastotloet
JFM (JET FUEL 4)
64-9
64.1 MAJOR USES AND COMPOSITION 64.1.1 Major Uses it conJesttitFuuteesl 485(%JPo-4f)thiseatuturbrbinineefuenelgsinuesefdueblyutsheed DexecplaurstivmeelyntboyfthDeefUen.Ss.eA(i1r93F3o)r.ce; 64.1.2 Composition JscgsaptoPedonend-cc4ecrkireJefsfasnie,ucsltt,aesrglutfatiurhctodoeihenoeslrssnar.ipvsepeoepetMnfdorraorfmopoftlsreerahtodumjtmohmoardafni,dcsptcitoghrefimalfoelespdaproatrueoilvoconinanptntsieeelnarcraattrbarisnulene,eddsg.aemecskhaofTeawodirrlhreeoaelssclJrubetPeynpae-rspei4bislzilitnaeefocunstoitedonmh(lins1eneii8dgsedp4teaa3evrtprm,aaafprb2oiilrl2(orieoet4mua.x6gvsria,.amy,npr2aciarm2aetoneb4ipdllci7iyolth,iacrtaryo1t2riym42oai05nncsm1ptsCet)eehr.orcitcefisofitIaidinccl2iass7,tt0iiololnafCste) (c1o8m4p4o)si;timonosetxopfretshseedhyadsrpocearrcbenontsvofalullmine bthyecroamnpgeouonfdCc,atteogoCr,,y. hAas tbyepeicnalreJpPo-4rted m(a(w1lak8eyy4igl5bch)oetnn)totza(e1ibnn8ee4:so4l)(ep.8fa%inrai)cf,fiihnnysdda(rn6os1c%aarnb)d,onmtseotnurapolcinytocslo5(p1%%ara)(vfafoinlnudsmn(e2a)4p%ahnt)hd, adtleoicntyaeclslos(up<laf1ru%arff)ui.nps Jt(oP5-%04.4)f,%uel cThamypaaacpvbjlreooleDorabxl6ickieem4oae-mnna1inetpecsdpo,lhiyrvna1eierd76snae0%uctn-ast7;tle5srbbm%iydezaeencjtdbzooaeyrmibnlewcypedosoesmiuedganvphanedtotdranaocaeloafnlntkatetyushgtltoehbohreeoffynrusJszepiPsele:.(n-1c4ei8snDfr2i,-ce2iap1e,lh8kr%y1aead8spn;e4rpeno5sratc,)onianxd3arig2nbm%ndoaaant;tpaelchcbeoctdrahomaisusantptlncreo0htin.bse1eifudt%osit,roiaon3lbn%kyoaofnwf(eo1estni8h,g4eeh361t)%. ; JP-4 fuel. Jocs0cpianmnuoaP.xneo1anlrytd-n%fhjrb4gtio-oerd.ohebAr,ailennybeevlsbcduSntu,yohsuiurmztsundtooioloolf;icucinfiusmnnealigaurtdssrrhhap)ltenbfycihhc.issoaodtoetbnnhmhegmiTdnseesforpo,yehofprhoautueamharrfuirnpgrereeamndohesnodmemmeahsnfsgtrjei.huoetgafarr(cinhavo0leiihTettnctypp.tyro5hyrhiladh-pneeeoe1liaoselscsn5fysctellltese%ruinicd,livcosdrtlm,soela)ukeelnttpadeuaehisasonotnesmieolrdfdwinthopa-elandeenaiehranlilesardesactlt,rgvdritdiheiaoycrevcsssageomsetdtsvemdaweeiiinecndnlsripledtdtuosalimcho,iorsleoslnsawsafetmacerlitnoluorno(elpotaoafmomstaxolmtsrmnleyaupaesaogitnnnoson.itneudcndosin-cltnesmfhIcruneny7foceiirustsd0domss,,gn%idnr,gdephcfolteuutneteoycnhireoenaudodeeasrrftrnnr.rnia.bosdaaetsltgoo,ll,siNlenMl,taytgldnasriahsrtlioetlubroesfeescocsuoeutssmohegnu,pslmofeaznsisbtnn;aofdduhpesyfectasouc,hmhintsornheiaamatianniolsoledslens,r,
64-10 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
MAJOR COMPONETNATBSLEOF64O-1NE JP-4 SAMPLE
Fuel Component ~ B22E2322nn223M2C3ccnM2T4cntI11rsiii,--,,,--,,,--,-,---teosy2532ss2422aoMM2MMMMBPHHeeh--n-lc,--,---,nb,ttl13lu-4ye3DuDDDDl,eezhbe,eeeeeDsu3,o,n2-l-etpx3ettt3ttt-yiyiciiiTT-than-bithhhm2mhhmmmna--tLyallmDanerDrTac,ceyyyyyynecn3>neexeeieiyyenillllllelemeim-etthttmhhthappieocmctetDhmhhhhneelhelepreeeeoeoyyyyyeixxppannteyteemthpllllthlhaamtttnltthhbhhphheheaaaayynneteyueeeyxnenynennllateexxxlnccttahIxtlenceeeahayacyacatnayyenyancynycnnenlccllncelceeeeoolbellyeoooppucphpeetleeonnaenxnpnttaaatteeaannnnnneeeteaene
3-Methylheptane 1-Methyl-3-ethylcyclobexane Dn111,-,-i13MOm,,35cee--tttTTahhnrryyiiellmm-c2yee-cttehhltohyyhllyccelyyxcccyallcnoolehhoeehxxeaaxnnaeene
Source: 1845
bPveWrceenietht . 000000002003200211111.....................261221253368353920221175725047606649647486
0000000300030021................74222901354894731356524798209830
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
TABLE 64-1 (Com.)
Fuel ComDonent m3443oInn2Ep2nn11ll111l11--,s--,---,,-----,--,--3MMt342o5-M3EMXMMMMMPDBXNh-X-,-p-,Drt4u5yDDyeDyeeoeeeeeeerhyo--ttltcllnitttttttoiTiiyeTlbhpehymhhhhhhahmemeapnnlleyyyrrtnyyynyyyyhcnyeneheieleilllllllylleemem-bt-el---too-tozy4bch3p2h244hecceclele--ey--t--nbyyottnteteteiapenaalalhhlzshetett-tnhbrznnhnoehnh5hyeyoeeeenpeeyex-lzyylynpppbbeerlaelllcyetbtbetbeonnhayalnnepeeeebncnyznznnyeleleeeozzlzbnbnneeehezeeennneneneeexnzzaeeennneee nnN2n22n2l1l1,--,-,,----,2Ma6624MMTTUD-p--,-De3rDDDnoeeehti,tdttidd4iriithmhhmmmhae-eeyyyTccdcaeeeelllaaaeletnttnutehnbnnthchaannraeyyeyeyppadenlIllhbm-ue-ne42tctnaeh-h-adpeetaanhttehllhehyceelyhyanlnbllnaeebbeleeenennnzeezzneenneee
Source: 1845
64-11
bPveWrceenigtht 000000000000020001..................742343425391887440133102535276868989 000000021.........627747104119706060. 00002000201...........7772765305513855462200
64-12 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4) ctchoaarmnbpaJozPuol-ne4ds,si(n1thc8la4ut8d)me. apyyrbidinperse,seqnutinionlipneetsr,oalecurimdinfeuse,lsa,mpianretsic,uplayrrlryoliens,hienadvoileers dainstdillates Oinrcatnheoni-oosenocubrctogmliheIntuansneotmnrtasoi.ar,itcnfadhptideaniarloinegtvenimveoaaanonenblnafedetnlteoytstShns.it-emshcsfAooeeeonutlflaeatnallltmdseiihpnmeeahiitnnreaatengtrlpisatcnssec/tpiatechirreskoroecoelemileleeuxusmagpa,mthneeiJccd.nPattehtv-sGod4yamdinendtnraioiocedsocrtivnnaiuaalreullmralbmyytJo,e(Pbnf1tre-fh8o4urc4emoe4f8lnuc2)toom.e,ennlneaecTsxtyeacacnamaebrntplurlpsdetaodlete6rti.crou4ooanb-nTic2siledthaspiaeuNiorrnmuee-JcrsPtoqecra-nneuan4ttcidsatteeointhlionewg;, vaapamangnraroettyyiinv-cioAtiaddspxlc.uesaitddoetuaeAatidannolftlfstisTec,sotctooamtngcbokrtetlfaoehtsamwselo6oi4mcfnwd-oaeJ3eemnaP.llcto-pst4ofTiovnfsthfraihuotettieeomholrcnecsomsht,mehoeacemfpyohorJyisacrstPdloaoisr-tsrl4ioosioacongsctantheorooabnocctfotkroanJsmniis.Pnct;aai-yn4iabng,abencprieutna.emhrurtiisbiIbaecneiludtrolaaarfondrosdfdl,ry/iaoottiodrrholdnedefis,uetleeirnmvcgeptsiarstucoilrrcucocpaksboloesends,csetoamsancmsaadisnyiuncaabttliesivoointy
64.2 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS obadefhdJarPFev-sio4osrerwdto.ihlfletbpheuerlitpmroaiscteeesdeoltefomtaheinsdtiscshcauanspsdtieortnh, etohfmetahdneiyscmduaisvsjeoiorrnsecsoaomdfpdtoihtnieveenesntswv;iirltlohnenmoetennvstpiarelocnibfmiecheaanllvtyiaolbre socssctautpuhoonrsrrnnseeeocedcstneasihteTngipidntettlvroteiuytaniorpbenlgdoaonhvlsetefneytpaissdosionctnsin.orrwdc)oisitotibiidllcbaasleoherlnfgdee(tdcrtmahithosahketsniuduercotsacaaplachvtnl,bmioeasoe(anfninaionmnsngnrtdabegoidmttsyriudaotebeirtctnfoinaihfqo.oentelunosromsiiTepgcloonikoihccffftrliaoaiystatilllenhll)ed(oodeifvwnrpifmovefribliuncpodaoitegpetorulrieelailscosriwlpzogtraiciilJailelaactllPpsistaloiv-illdne4onaidlngfar,yctyc)doto"g,thwiinwrosaseossieunnttuoachdi.rnlttofuuhadnmttTeec-iisrnmweoahtitinynuaetswgustbe,a.aawe'ren'tnntiseddlh(t)rmlTs,es.dvdhobaewriiresrsgeSehtylroaasteaoomnetdrdrirrceveaembepeltefeieifdoslinrmssnodlmaeiansllssglo
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4) CONTENT OFPTERTARCOELTEAEUBLMLEEM-DE6E4NR-T2ISVEIND OJPN-4E SAMPLE OF
Trace Element
Parts per Million Bv Weieht
AACSBCCCCbJrldeaso ' MFPMCbeung
MNHSSieigo ANag TVZSSTrnhio
'
Source: 1843
a) NA indicates data not available
N<<<0NNNNA000.5AAAA...*50035 <<<<<<N0NNNNNNNNN<000000.1A0AAAAAAAAA......000030955555'
64-13 .
64-14 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
ADDITIVE COMPOUNDS APPRTOAVBELDEF6O4-R3 USE IN MILITARY JP-4 FUEL
Antioxidants (<24 mg/LV 262ON---tt66,-hNt--b-ddeb'uriiu---tttdyta--yiIbbl-kl-su)u2yett,lc4yy--llpb-dp4huih-metmenyneloet-otlhplshy-ypl(pImhpheohennenynool,eoldnlie,tdriia;mmienteh'yL, ethyl, isopropyl,
Metal Deactivators (<5.8 mg/LV NN,,NN' --ddiissaalliiccyylliiddeennee--11,,22--cpyrcolpoahneexdainaemdiianme ine N,N , -disalicylidene-l,2-ethanedianune*
Corrosion Inhibitors MAEtmIhLiyn-lIee-n2ce5a0rdb1i7aom/xQyilnPaeLte-ds2i5n(50o-1n27y*0l pnpamph)tbh: a(RleCneOsOul)foNnaItIe,Rs'/+), R = C^-Q*
Icing Inhibitors QMCa-IrCLb-,oI-xa2yl7cl6ao8the6os*ls('40-150 ppm)b: RCOO , R = CM-C,S DAimmmetohnyilufomrmdainmoindyel'naphthalene'
Electrical Conductivity Additive* ASA-3 (Shell Chemical Co., Houston, TX)
cba))) RRReeefffeeerrreeennnccceee 111888244447
JIM (JET FUEL 4)
Compound
Hexene Octane Dodecane Isopentane T r i meth y Ip e n ta n e Methyl cyclopentane Cyclohexane Methyl cyclohexane Toluene X y le n e s Tr inethylbenzenes M ethylnaphthalenes
log
3.90* 5.18* 7.06' 3 .3 7 ' 4 .b/ 3 .6 / 3.64* 4.10' 2.69 3.16* l.6 5 h 3.87*
TABLE 6 4 -4 EQUILIBRIUM PARTITIONING OF SELECT JP -4
HYDROCARBONS IN MODEL ENVIRONMENTS1
Unsaturated Topsoil
(X )
H
Soi 1
Water
3,830 73,000 5. 5E*06 900 36,000 1,400 1,330 6,070 240 700 2,150 3.570
1.68 2.96 7.4 1.36 1 .9 -3 .3 0.36 0.18 0.39 6.6E-03 7E-03 5E-03 4.4E-04
77.5 97.4 99.9 50.3 9 4 .7 85.4 91.6 95.9 96.5 98.8 99.6 99.8
0.1 0.01 0.0001 0.3 0.01 0.3 0.4
0.08
1.9
0 .7
0.2
0.1
A ir
22.4 2.6
0.09 49.4
5 .3 14.3 8.0 4 .0
1.6 0.5 0 .2 0.01
Saturated
Deep Sol I1* (X )
S o il
Water
94.1 99.7
5.9 0.3
79.1 99.3 85.5 84.8 9 6 .2 52.1 74.4 90.0 9 3 .7
20.9 0 .7
14.5 15.2
3.8 4 7 .9 . 25.6
10.0. 6 .3
" C a lc u la t io n s baaed on M ackey1* e q u ilib r iu m p a r t it io n in g modal (3 4 , 3 5 , 3 6 ) ; se a In t r o d u c t io n in Volune 1 f o r d e s c r ip t io n o f model and environ m e n tal co n d itio n * chosen to rep resent on irw n tu ra te d to p s o il and sa tu ra te d deep s o i l . C a lc u la te d percentages should be co n sid e re d as rough estim ate s and used o n ly fo r general guidance,
^Reference 65?.
cTaken from R eferen ce 74 u n le ss o th erw ise s p e c if ie d . U n its equal atiHiriVmol.
rfUsetf s o r p t io n c o e f f i c i e n t Kp = 0 .0 0 1 x
"Reference 29.
^Arthur D. L it t le , In c ., estim ate accord ing to equations provided in Reference 31.
64-15
64-16 JIM (JET FUEL 4)
64.2.1 Transport in SoD/Ground-water Systems
64.2.1.1 Equflibrium Partitioning Model
. ,
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JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
64-17
642.12 Transport Studies
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'
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64-18 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4) duinrdeecrtiownast,eirn)colurddinisgsoulpvweda/redm),ullsiqifuieidd pinhawseate(ard(s1o8r1b1ed). onto rock particles or sealed sesmholxyoarpdwyperstcoMbitocemeaingdriurgbonartofotaanivtoasibanoviefnilaoathrftboiarolfbseont;iuJeoPsgkodth-nee4rtghsotrhohrsayioeedldsunarogetmothihocoaanenpyrrrbabseohnovenadiilonsrs.uodestht,alhSaysreosodrrcibelpo-dwenwtieetotanaaontmtehrsrmieeonprcamaiooynternegtadteeelpdsxnsortoteotiaonlcislnettbscewbsrereyehswatehssre(oeee1ars8kpat4s.htvoi6aeor,iMnplsa1.toibi8groi1rplIni1antt,ytiavigo2neoen2dnf4seii8tsr)ea.sl, fptihosesruodrTueisrhdeescrotomiiolcsink.groiaPsftritoefhlnfouewsroe.fvneJtrDiPyae-l4tdesiprhffmryiecdiaunrdloatictnai(go1rnb8t1ohon1rf)so.utihngehfipcsrosuetevrneicdteiasrlomgcakryoiusoncmdc-uuwrca,htseolremscseotnuimntaiefmosrinmchatatinhognainnignin '>4..'. weehtsc(scaoocmxxooaahlsphmmvutambeeeieblbpmperrlSaiil;ioallteecmiiplnenstdxo3oyodeieimint.oirmnnsmyprocpettersdnstTaponieailroofhwamtytdernh-sesditwte)eateohahnnarentdicmtbatontsaboetheasrueeenthyaugshnrftdnysnafesozoddrenliesortcrcooneurpco3totfeedatcmoloisrceaoaaofvblprcdtnaaeoiobcaosyonrunfoortssndherr,nttnsduwbehhaanwrdeaeentiatndipuirdtoepntasrheshooadtbsworntluse(lelhpia2o-ytdgapaaitsr2ihlridlopmio4osetzislctn8mneaeoicah).odernrupnyns.btwro;dosRerir)rrecnniTst,egonortavtvharcengbneoeaneausrtrprnrtibstcasboaeg(eisilnnonrbtbi.hftnstrogslyooeeeeesn.riFlrrss-am;oafbvostodTrwdereieiugodnnesdeenanotpctmlh-ndlrsareoisehpepidnnnocaiitesgdrpniisornojbceiarecadnnJantpttlroigPtatuvtbewyfi-risoioou4dsaetbannnseuslowfliaaunanccotnledehqioodbdrtilJnnueyiss.enPessetpogsetr-proHai4nlveurzvneptoesetddoddsariudntiwcinendednedroet -ehthJh1hxPu5yutedn-nek4rddna)mIorrdqnceer2ueaddedtiwrsssfhbeuae7orotlsot.0nfve0psditmcIohsnimlepnoilntuuirpetbetsyreoeyaasxrddn,oot2defwu0banss0Pyshsoriiftamvlaofehegrsemmuoteshpendoeaeatiitlaesrti/csroihgaroosnretp.lneosvo,tsuerauoWdnptmrrdogfi(hit-al1anhlwycun8aidea1nittcriti1ooeoof)nrpcnfi,vahtcrecrfahoerbasenmlouoeemtnsagoaeassrnmd.seodthiuiwbnossnysaef,doltlala-itvowhvaen1eiasda.-tmtoedihiroTilsyntshahdpoqeirkhlcuoveakpciersfaedeoeltrarsrb;cyeeoooxenlanrnteenesutona(maefsdmxriemoetidneiailnalatonderftensdtsoinof eeT2dalpsohsn2liaaiwssot5ppbesiw0rheonlmeT)erlant.uslithoya6titclei(l4Toeol1a-ycnih8r5tnupro1enalromp1anonowf,rratadseaJptt1uwwsuitPo8cecerear4-nereit4t(5gt-.e8qs,shorh7out2fTfy-lasu29udJohal9e4birPlletl%5iuol-a-pe,wcb4tah)ai2lplavaeric2tepoetboe4ivlrh(ocnyr1te>asnti,notapssCiminm1acmtiUr8ahniohit)4ynlo.iayf9tgauirbd)rotJg.IrieonPnwhooun-tcCanc4drtatodhraetredueon-eebrwfidps-osfgsdpeai,tnorciiotslslsoioerluetaauriteinbltletniulettldhadasehratn-faeeavwrffdtrnoraeefaardcdupvtbcteeoesitdesorloitloseoairnmsniantossltiqslsoelhewidulzeuwv(Jiieem1sfmePidrec8tdse-rhu4e4sp(s9ilss<nnvr,haheoeoCndyo2gdsddw2rsUuwir4oo)nncso1uietulco,sn-srtabareoed2rhisv-rb2weabwhe,4oqvreiean8sguaerot,sleleaey;mbnlrme.tteheonest
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
64-19
dcpbaoqyaenttuarmtioafieslmceurruiponpmpoaoortlgrlicuotaontnnitoihtsoanemfm;sogisbnroissoameutsrienuovdnsarp-tewiehmocaantosteevdtrbahleas(eu2tdn2put4pheo4lebi,tesols2ei.gr2shvo4Ietr3ndp,atrg2oiooe2vmnn5ee5raor)t.anticiltm,soaerredoipncerkcetrhsepeeaansrtaitnbitcgshleeednscegaegrnreodeaeftedfsoeutfgrrttahhdreeraatitonto .
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64 ?.?. Transformation Processes in So/Ground-water Systems
{*42 2 1 Chemical Transformation
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64 2 2 2 Biological Degradation
oAataabnhnnnbaasedddctsiuetrrerrdfreNrauvepbeialenpaolitdiogoreubdairtmreetentarhhsdgidlasaersatvaieifenrboecudenoinaaotbsstgpahdy,ieivpoeeseaanltganiecirrcrlmceaaaeisisvbtddhsiiwloaeoeoewhntinwfdiat(oneea1vtbnnllo8eyyvt4cooilcd6Aorafo,ionnhtsnpnltdta2asaremv2isitmdieb5rnee(2ouin2tnr,ltlhte2aeaaa2ued5btnl2im5ldoa5eii)-nmnb5,fehia,plaxtmryih2ntopmdya2rrorore4itsontaixu9uoncgntg,areechdewr,2nebe2.sfaotgori5osivrne3ltNaeses)phsd,.uepadwematniirlnaHsdlpeotpdsryeeloedortdassru,uirneavomosvdalelceenraaarusdshucratemyotbtlsihdrovgoeaornihrixtgolroyitsceedudeeasennpr;hrtgovsabaroctiinvovhraafkeneodrebsnbrilnreaemoeffgcanrvoetkoseirn.mseret,wi,sa.s
64-20 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4) JP-4 FUEFLO-RWASETLEERCPTTAEARDBTLHIETYI6DO4R-N5OCCOAERFBFOICNISE*NTS (KJ
Compound
Log V
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444534355533334343..................989665823354859568775775557996488088
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JIM (JET FUEL 4)
64-21
dpnbeo-ioaglydlrkceaaygdncrilnaeicsdg,aamatriloiokcnmyr.loaaotrTirocgmhahenaytibdiscmirsoo,sdc.eaagnrrHbdaoydandarsrb,ooimhcliaaatyrvtbiecoosfnbasesbeownomivtesehhhocywodnnradortecoenasrgbebeedonnerrsreilanamlgtlyaivsytenrlbouyetcrtaueevnsriaehssital,aannbscutleecdthotowashen present in petroleum mixtures.
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64-22 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
2t(h222e555a6)d;).dinitiosunbosofilfetrrteilaizteedrswhiaths a1-n10o%taboleil,ptoh>seitiavdedeitfifoenctoofnfebritoildizeegrrahdaadtiolinttl(e22e4ff9e,ct2252,
beninxaiocptrdueererTaagismhlrliaeynerdgnaeatcstaiaiwdorliniaencsilotsiynmofoi(liptst2ee2dtdar4eno9tddel)aer,tuimnaamcilntar.hveeodaaIusi.nlegadhbgHleuetynhpdeoerrntoaoeclft,afhpredHebceotgen7rfofa.f8eddceda(tg2itsfri2foaoe6ndrf2ae)wptn.iHatosnmarwniecdparososrbartileeaipdnl oipttryootepodduneltcaortieobanesseloiwnwitthhine
shmzhpeyairidsclolrr;booTlbeochheacioaenarwlbtfiseodoauvnetnmeegsrrtm,ioaonfdamtargphiitrczeieoroetourdnmbonlibaodeary-fulwimnJdAaePettg-elhs4arreysa,ddrdri(rema2iosvt2iceeida5onrurn5tebw)s.od(a2niitd2nseF6roafc6rlpaol)oo.nplmdwdarMianvsenoangiciortlrlixasyooiubchrosieaacmlsclaeaucaadrtrsleiusengdoaerliunabrsedieenSnaedvegtniiaimortrornreseannppnoeotonssfrprttwp,atoeleraMdttsirnEfo(erc2l,soie2sdume5emn5nt)tti.hsaelly
j$f ;
tcfiltl:sioheuommnaemetgilxptpIepcWetnldoeriemcmaatsatetlueeuknpmdberdoprein/meoosterode,ranitreoastbygdnsal,ero.dla.wabrdrihaoea(iip2dntgiif2ehdoreg5ennsr7ueaav)lniylsdiidrsnaoentaitarnvtoiytoamtecnio(leeatenxnohb.dgptfals.ieet,ttciwheotatoeevinrtdechspttnhieftcfaeotuervewnomoondlcrveidecacuiruerrbmgoorloeron,paermhftdxgyoiaceimdrnennrguptimossmtmc)oi.a.crpsrrgco.obaoIsbtonnsDiniidsabssheilmltygoicasrouoc,oanlmtvddlisove,pawirbtrttiyeiooasptinnaamnHnlgeme,daxnJalnttwoPyrdiwoe-h4bmneeenefdulyel
64.23 Primary Routes of Exposure from Sofl/Ground-water Systems
JtpptheProneo-tid4eprneTefnbtrhuitciaeeoiyellasacetabocxorupoefsmvoothesrhuuibgeldrahiettcslioycoopumnvassotosphpiillooawo.nnttaieelyTnoneshtft.biseafuyalstutrrevgaaagnnpreggayseetthssinwfrftarohtoyhmamsetisrmtulhoopgewdgyoeetetmsrontasatthyeitalihyglhahaftt.ovorethTsbstehroiooemmanveacgwacjloyurhrimasaobctuorilldbmaitietyfpidfoeoinnrntoeeantnnhsttodesil,ofand
cstlfpooahohwrtemaumesrsprSeaooeptimonmleilndeloiunssllezttsoeoscoixpofunlpnleJeaoesaPrcfov-wti4wfetnihdtetgwhehigtoetwoghhurstaolbodotsaueieellrrn.irepodetshf-aIulwanablltttealiietsvctih.seneeirclsry,otzhmwvmoeohpnloiaeoelbvteu,iialnlteitptdhhyosaeer)niamnidwtniosivtwlorhelieleludllosbissbosolseselioul.lofcbvrafleaeTrctrihhtcinieeeootdmonmfrbptwaoyhocrienlteglierognfhanrlvitoogsiaruthyten(lmaydatro-savowiomantalhiaatnseettegiriplceiaonarrnadte
ctphormeespseTeanphrcaeeedramottfeoovcltreieaqmncukesidnsotafponhmdfaesdfetiie,ssrssrusoerlavfeocesrh;dithnhhogyewddmeriovsotceavarne,rcbmteohesnensotffilonohwfugtnrohodefurnteshdedep-wtaosraeatptethaeroruapistsheamanshudey.csdhroIofgncrametrahebtetoeernrstphhaanse
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
64-23
dsdeiutsuoxrrprpiigtnntfaorhakkkesceiiuaennetrggblbewyisyowwaecaatffnoreittshnoreehmarrcoenassrncuutntehtdpprdheapp.edtllriiiooeeemTmscsn,rhoemevoersaeeftatmmisyicvuooaelnaatnvrailnienstoliomgmuouserfaisnenlefcsstu,ouioennolwftlgtfhaetciJnmihsocPtemhiii-osnn4epnamgotfewaeneusdyxaeteitpnloaesotrnolissnssi.uo.lergxprerTpaesoo.shruusteniulcGtdrple-eriowsnsotuaetahtnnoneudtrdmis-auwmalirnanfaatayldecesreoexcrpodmweonixsaasticualtshetmrrsaeirsnfgoadertsueeto
secpitfnhurxaeoerspntmefoehasastVec,rruleeoeatrs.aahltoea,ike.nitTlirignlmehpiEgszteoouxahrrulptveeteinoiaosndssp,vngoueooairrrollnigea.snfdrstoimJiOlmtunePhanhna-yecd4acyoledvmahbsaittyifeippnofoduoronmrastrnohesgoeceeernaxdienrtpsitsbftoaofiooinnusdlnu,ktsotesreshtneheniasisnenoinbvttdsheoaaohlysilpwetadlhimdvrhpieoeiseeercnsnebaaa,ctunnrsttrbioihlaoooodtetnhnpifhnsespsehgroroiesoinrl'vpmttchauooilsepuatcnsenodcicnturiooyntfapnrirgtaattoealoonm,umttsphessoaiw.vsenuptarauariprlcrtsldoesaetd.rrtiutaonodtcfIgetniturhhebtrushceeeumtesfcloyahiarnnier
64.2.4 . Other Sources of Human Exposure
dergthneruseegriaiidnvntTeeigecnrhsitrneseo(ix1tvuiypn8otoi1lonast1fhuet)ier,lafeeiubrsae.unrlfetaiaetht;ulhadrneseHsdemoloinfwasgyoJeuvPoore-cpc4rcee,ursfwrauateodirlroeuknsreuesirnxgsagpgneeinldscattrsetfghrdteoehmtasoiptmiflriumlneses.heluadllliVtoaastotiisenloeansatnireldeeigzxualaprigticoniioosbguunlelrtdehaeslerxsoetpcocoooesoricuvleciresuneirgdsmseontuofctshjeitn
ghoermtfeerefxrofamfeaopwecticuotepcthesnHisrtevousdrrenut,orahermefbtrleoeuuetatafphrlthgnesaeerteaeathoehsotsueexeawufvnapnrjaahd-edofyg2patessr0toiucrtiogrheesreCuhagoeexnatat,niersdrtteohdteeoddvaamltfeseJfeoJpursomPrPaseef-2lprl-4tmo40fahevuf%trofeauefuastuplrthetfeoueroldelnarrfimascoesattttthlahirioteoasygiiefbftntrfcuuroeJ2ordertucP0eniseetnoa-usaC4ndciloocdth,hnfrewlefielersnrreivtleloeseghledtslmaelheb.tsaetnheeJhsfdeePeuFagga.tr-eoglbf4oilrfrg-e1ueAojifl%ceenbuorttxtdalwneteaacioddsmtdlf.4o(itoe1i(pn0tt1pn9u0lTih9ene1deh,1nrg2mee3ed)aJsae,b)tsP.cctyabe-hoau4brumiapsnotgiforvgprrmscneooaertuascvah3tiyntefthe0itrdio.e0orang0enlraaTwolcathuhiinltneluddtdh;ee
aep(ht6oxnou0pdsmo0sovi0apsBbenualermersce,te5aeuxrt0uripees,sero0leeses0lauxa0tispnrhneeldeeicstbeiovtmferemosdarlmuyee(ltm1aeora9adeei1rssebecu2oerdol)fta,vrfafeaittuntsrhr)eeealuh(suna1rliomnm9pewl1coaeoe2panu)aus.nAlelittandiirttgrueieeFddnsaeotci.aarhorcnijeenCe.agtosdtniiHtsarthoenaoencdmwtgieimvarnvetoaaesuyrtain,slotrpdisnateiungcmondgiffaeieyfyssifcutralahreobnafamaottd,cvheaewtuowhfm1eesa5wanit0gnee0nrvti,hemfoircceuratosneaprtnssd
64-24 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
643 HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS
643.1 Animal Studies
643.1.1 Carcinogenicity
, erbwcaaFevondoiassandddsuclcyiuhltedfTtiaeosnwoehrtrctnieaerora3i6raegnl4ectahha4iysootnroeenfrcoaudaasirtrntnt.hsssdooapegvfdaTldeaaent5nehiiiedl0slcienaysc0rb,uCieotlaeoa5yen5nsrs7lddeyaoBhd1atfaLke0ytvpfsi0k/hdfe6e0ieipndtscbrmeenmtoertyesiilgeymceww/noeumeba.eemn3iiesng(edk-Ti1hdnr9phvtelf3sirworeevo6idrehivg)anr.eor1nddelwliuesyom-rseeawbiaianngbo-lrdgdshyd.otywtsstshhhTeeiieadnernhleheeeUfha-xeedaliSpxmagenoAphtriaismo-ioFulvsenaaeresldendrsicdnahpJtwctasPhole.meo-arw4vs1beHae9-ewpd8rhiwsooa5set.rs;seloedrphdeeEavofxotawdmhprleeuaoocvaallsreoentueergarrd,iesacetisdn
No other studies dealing with the carcinogenicity of JP-4 were located.
| 643.13 Gcnotcndcity ,vi jet fuBerlussiinckaannudmMbearthoefsoinn veivtarlouaatnedd inthevivgoenaostsoaxyisc.ityToesftJrPe-s4ul(t1s8h1a3v)eabnedenJPn-8eg(a3t0iv8e7)
uianrsteiadflamctotousamtlaeblalescucaaruesesseU. DscASin.ntilolbatsieornvecdouinnctirnegasreaitnheurntshcahnedauulteodraDdiNogAraspyhnythwesaiss tmhaeymbeethod
mSftryaopocmshctihNmoa0eur.fg0or0atmihu1tiemvvtceobewsar5cietc.ts1heeurrljaietajsnvLldiwsspitwearereairetihnapoonsl.budatttaeiNn.imneeigtCchdareotoiinsvnTocemeKtnhrateemlrsaufoatilcuvitotsseinevwssatletayairnombendop.aavhrleosdTom1esastspretaceLciennolpslniencaoresfsnsptatSrlyraaaaitl(ntme1io8owDn1nse43er,lreloaa3fnt0og8xe7id)c. to
JptoPer-t1ihp0BeheseaenrnazdjleatolnybfdmsueepBrlhsveoelatcdznydtn(e3oso.0bi6ns1Tec)rhrveeeeaxsdsepeosisniimnevdeislsaibtsritegearargetoslceurhslsrtsova.milasaotiniedhxapelxoacsthieodannbgteeoasjgeolter
flmuymeiclsprohJnoPuc-yc4lt,eeisJPiin-n5
or vitro
eitigannhxnivjipdsereecansrI1tttinisu3moddnbotemyhusn,feetLtossrrs/dakiowgot5gsfnmi/tdid0rhfia.aeni0cycyad1aesno,nfitovs(t0er1el.spd80e5tr13ohed3dfiao)oma.lrs0yep.as10sNls,a.sf0oonao09yfrt.a3e,0mJtvni.Pai0oLden9-ng/e8dk,anglt0(oc1/i3.desv3.00sae8fyowom7rrrefa)Lo.ss0dur/.koo9lRtg5mbs/emsdidswenauLarayeylv/tnrksesfetgdof/wroldoearbeat5frhyttJaeeadPoirlanin-fty4eteyshJdg(Pewa(1f-3ta8r4fi0oovs18ume3bs7ry)e)ot.emhvainnneamtrdlriaenaal0ltpm.it1enfhiro3gceir,.etoJ0JnP.IP4ne-,-a84l
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
64-25
643.13 Teratogenicity, Embryotaxicity and Reproductive Effects
reproNdoucitnivfoermefafeticotns oisf cJuPr-r4e.ntly available concerning the teratogenic, embryotoxic, or
643.1.4 Other Toxicologic Effects
643.1.4.1 Short-term Toxicity
baDneudeirdNrteiootfaattitihntniefgnognrtmaootauftthritoeehneoeyfwsekaistisnsafcn(oo2dum0n0mpd)o.unrceeognuatsrsd,miCnegmNStbhreeafnfaeecscuttasenwdtootxuhilced elbifqfeeuceidtxspwoeocftueJlddP.-4caViunaspeaonirrismriwatalost.iuolnd
wseedssiifmnneoehddeanntdroareeassdsiilmmcc2vieieattItae-4aairinpdtdzzaaipeaahvcatntrltgteooenediiiireusmoovdeoodtrnneasrpusfdeby.atprcrtratoryeJoehaestNtPsnmdeedhhtpmd-seyeeei4odliuemrtadctnsocehpo.sartwetneraewnor.oddbwaBoadbsumnfesouiIiucrntsetncotmeeheeesdleiNdcdkinsenlfotideeurynnniewtaepn.ihtenontlrexeeaZgtUfsbicsuyonsipetoagnpeila,enitunndetlathseahsssrsithaelinoieutiwoodaldnitenplzfseseeuheaitrwd-ijrmanaardpehnnryle,me-(iiadcrd1t-tpiealidaer9esvseettrer3o.ieterririor0dtryvaintao)ivtebSea.tlhJedbseihlwoePdtuiamnet(hJ-msl0d4JPee,a.aPn--5-bdddff4-botoeee40emrumrrtg.rh1tiigrLvvpoor2)neerpnmou4iddowusempLtthp.arJJaero,asPPodrouytA'lie-f-aeenr4m4dfupssutk.mtpcaeenhirax.lrndi-eeuBheisolsdiiyaIpupbrennnortdei7eadetitnste2ndrakmswddoetihlmiineselonocedunauookmtvr,eoser-,nmriaeidlld
frfA(tuIirro1enanortsr9btitmt8ibt7slha1isSi2titgi,dessiotnoxahem3snsfsypo2to.euuo6rosw1dsr5cf2Tus2yoh),,e.r4,hrareafeetsyothhTttuocoeaohwhorudfleehnere0mo5-isfm.cdJ.l.5f5aihPeca0trtm-aT.hii4tsnvnieLeumedgwsbdsteoiaserxifsaedJidtnsPetseaueihm-bdmpsl4atetpasalbgelwlriaycs-aeaandodtbdswenba2rtectrioyi4oetravserte8shenaud;hdoobibanubhrJdsagrasoiPsseddws,-rtee4eshevd7evveeuv2heednaerasrhnrtee,vaiedovlentleueyhdirirbrtneyisiettwst,ryeaehcranrcaoieotsytnrmaftpdestchadirksoneoekimmgnasnbiennypawndodltitiefarrthesteyhrdNleemsiiltgeyaaDb4hawtyitigprnotaorheeHZniinddrmzeaeoereaansumelrbessatgyevueaynhnceldthdrai2enetan1wytgi.aqhla2ulilt1.ee.
for kNeroosLeDnjeo idnatgauiwneearepfiogusn(d47f)o.r JP-4. An oral LD*, of 20 g/kg has been reported
643.1.43 Chronic Toxicity
Chronic inhalation studies have been conducted with JP-4 in various species.
vaporBeeaxgploesudroegss,oFfipscehtreorle3u4m4-rdaetrsivaendd JCP5-47BfLor/690midcaeysw.erTehseubajneicmteadls twoewrehoelxepobsoeddy to
64-26 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4) dlthcc5erlreehohexo0uyssvrepda0aieiteoonoelilirnnocntsognsooursstweeimbrJsw-f1wedlopePe0eraaude0p-ornst4cnu0eeopdildr8exllemiaea8sioxhcit.rb%ndgpiygs/f.ioemonIhejsnnirux-sun3Htmdupnrfcoiloeitceaostnhstsmttneiei(eooott1daIpinhmn9lnnlaoee3auawtwi0mnhloncmee)-douoa.dritlnsrlceoohcleateysgoert,de.synroi,atptllghtrarrArsgroeetoe,oenrvlxsdouii1epindmmupa0ecoap0lcaaiegn%atdlldissdnavetndnewwsuopdlicbygee8fleuu,rrnw9tgeel%iohtaefghifrercseceeahadciekcnaenrptrinwntehdiitttnfgonihehritaecueixheeslleygpoldsihhtnbocuuitoseuimigbnumnclhtaurr.som-boreildse-tobeItsoirhtencdeeshenneilpcaa9ttegeahtt6gaerwelter%rlolodoyiuctdrtuhephleefapelosbenls.auulridlgeloilotsaixTnwn.1rhoshg0iifn0ebfAiaas%gnimlttenlteitdbydlhodoenfthot vwmnlgaonioevnoriiemnggmnethIaharntlwlssspahlpwiirnmooe9elss0iertett-hes-ndbe.etasxoayapd9Icnnoysrimstimvuutfhioadracnepeelyst.dohmorssniaBameclplxersomophiofsroeaidtacdsl-teeueisv-daxr,datpeeeltisouhmlryseietvumsroaereedfae4tdtwe0iJ(ra0aa1Ptls9ele-ox43larpy,p6>)so1Fao.is0gfsiuts0tne-cr0irehef,xiemcpearaxongnsp3/dutmo4rs4da3euticrfrpf2oaeeen.trrswtie.ioTaenndenuhcskdeiosswu,,iCsndel25riyfk7e.fmiBedaroLGnlenle/nrt6ywohcueismatphnwaicidnnaedoslfwivn9eeorre f;: vTshahpoeworIonanltneleyvyrematlrbieetntxaoeptnrmomtseuawnlrthie-toriseelsewlaoebtebrodesdey2rhv5ivse0atd0oppoionarrtehh5xoi0gpl0oho0g-sdiucmoresegesf/mfeaa3cnt,tish6migaihnhloseudrwrosgelerspv,e>eerlriasntdcsfar,oyerm,as85iecsemdaioonyrnswtmhpesioeigrnfhakwiteleyeaedsn;kd.toin Tthheeroergwaanstaolsbooday2w7%eighintcirdaetinocsefoorf rthate mmuarlienerabtrkoindcnheiyti,sli(v1e9r3,3l)u.ng and spleen. 643 2 Human and Epidemiologic Studies j-' 643.2.1 Short-term Toxicologic Effects cswcgHSrlmmeioooahgevaeaniunonatennfts,rkilc.ueacfAstonai-giscotmwceoieFaeopuusdfarnopnsostmsrtl3n,estaai0oervftianee0nesiuandvxsxpl0eepadeppdo-loncps7oorraiRdo0srtoswneus0ruoeftsdiir0xmrhttiofebaehpceebbptloceytiytpehousaolorimuniirdnDgrgrphecghaeo(erciit1svngaftersv,9rihsfelaettoe3ttapshphel2csase(eopeoe)ar(iur.ndyn1ftrmcei9dccepolaseO3uyisrcecnnp1d.leknanadit)isrptrrss.eseNatlaaiguyistttctlreroIiliaoouoipaenornsgstynfrneeegortspsshhysiltoupooyiiocsisfcahsogsahtnripjenaieckenldriamyartanasliclesntlh.ovfraafwieueaJansudxInefPtncltnaalst-etxmpis4o,ftilteio,neaoiaixamretnth)tteocc,haerpudahxataeeglipiiuirlmdcoeopowseananortreeatcevoiishwcsrroCecxlaeeranaiostNmv,lsslhsiuetezSbeneahasreedyta,relxdedpeueptlldehoddyoshmopseaosessabarsn7ureie,subdsidosansmctilmtsllifuhainitihtloaenogsgayeunnlguravtreoattafaeriirfnalosipen.cnaoegsr. domufortnihnthegsrtihagefhtetnrfeoxtrhteeaferiwmnc.iddaeTynshteaantpdiwloahtpicpdheidatrinemdoetinhfeeeg.lofeo"ldntofcrimonnead.l"itifoonr.36Hheouwrass. eHxaemwinaesdo5bserved
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
64-27
sownlayllPothewtrerodou.lgehuAmaspcfciuridaeeltsinotgnsenaonefrdtahltlehyelhiqtaauvsiedteainalntoodwtshomerealllul ntwogxislilcciutaysnu. aclIalnyugsleeimstpiitonnetuhimes oalinmkietoilsyun(tt1o9o3c2c)u. r
trheseulsTtkhiinne aolonilwdaeccranubesoeoilridnrogyilnpefosoislnlitacnuhdlyitdiirrsori(ct1aa8rtib3o2onn)..s Pthraotloanrgeedproersenretpienatmedosstkliinquciodnftuacetlsmdaeyfat '
liquidEyise siprrlaitsahteiodnincaton tbhee ceayuessed(1b9y32e)x.posure to high vapor concentrations or if thd
M3JL2 Chronic Toxicologic Effects
It has been clearly demonstrated that hydrocarbon fuels induce nephrotoxicity . .rcwpusmhCnaa(ei3hnlyonegoospe4rgddtknuenche1oarnahilsna8ntfordreoaii-t)eicvccqw2inc.naaapheuuirna;nlsere-bBlm,ofitgnfhsofdoceltetntoohacruclocrwybaurecxtef,uhcusreesiuciqulrpvsnniecesemenuooloooinrsn,emgrua,ttsdshleinl(ityinndelt3niebahof7einlruitcenoebe4nhenitp6eetipesidftyrf)lotohiafe.eauvlirerrmsiotnedncotwtgitriiatttceshaysiiomibtsanyexucluoiasinhhdcttrlffeeoaaiaieoethdsvtnnryshruaeagmatistmloesaotoseassrreali.stewetsiinpirhnsosnshaeeiHned.oncvetrionhoitaavoethweAslibihsfdleae-leceiurrlhnebvaroaanyleerellneumaeprcxdcli,lnipainaidoonmkottjsomefoehnsegimtruxteothpedehsr-winioodsreoseeirpnnolcgoteaipemtiniatgocangmlyneiaitetfcsthesslnicsfatecyrtholiotsodanreponrminraheneodtptidpafhn-croaeesvhaetepxrtnerufresmpedebofbercfoum/otnmauoaiosenfttlriauilxaiilcsonlerirtf.etcndieeuhpmidtererytttteealohooo;gtotvseieesb.pdahnisprnaoeeoTotw,rredravhesuetveiiscdeoern,
ceoxnpdoLsuecodtnegdt-oteajremctrofeusxse-plsoewscuittirhoentatholeejfpeotildlfoeuwmeilinocglaougcosicemssptnouesduiytriooinnlo:g3ia0craoSlmweaeftdfieiccshths.yadirrKcorncaaafrtvbefoaenctstoa1rl2y. (vw1oo9lr2k%9e);rs scsoddopepoehariniioxaxvlliifeeegmseffhnnpperranfoffiaiffrcgedoeeniilionlfearrersgairairtptuedreicuceitiemnnthmaraihprnuotfentyctaaeoircenaimedtstnvroeel,rsi.rtecxmdioedaenos,fepbnndiepcIfprodegeaanof1eeeostiefleren2czwiuradsrfbndp8uziitreeoomigsa-iarennfge4ndywsrlrncpuep3csetolhseeohh2leenbmses0evcaofut,tbn.domelt5rsoapel2nuaoeusggtcchacrtv.afwf/iourttialmocfcniopomctdoevtalAgeiol3iecilt.op3t%mnaanmaysna2atttoyn.nep;CriiotmoodsyedtlhnoestenniedSspamexngxaes,a,yttp,txruetfomgsrcrtsotoplmrtorhheesihptoaowglraeuratsstostuhhocs,orieerwtkpettnweemddahsixso.iouccecsapnrnhwiorcwankcooTyheuniod.shnntdmgeowreieda-armuhpkdpeenNegoisrepcaxoencearaason;prdoaE-tssuntemyriortiazEsdbsoev-bhswizsaojreegfoGegiietenpdonnnncrcrp1oa'eneihiseste7fcelsfssa,eip.oruws8c1tdfpssih,ffaeb7atyeoloarany.ejthramtr5ldeiteethyegenmipcappoaneudvtdeararntsdeoersioda.3nsu,fwal.fgmn%.if0ocrcrsedekeTrohtesrEre.euem,Tapeheepixdxrtn,nahtearpebpDhetcrinneraohaorameeeusascstnysssiereueuptrwmcetaeadswrerl(dodnatsoeeeoseikesaeyg.wsogmrc,atsuelnoa.eoeurndl,oprolvaefbdsooksrabmreojfedefieilevotnseesr,cyiratnnsotlluseutoaapsacsfstokn ~
64-28 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
lwgsfeiurmignotshuic,ltapiamroonuhrfsesigcsiihnulneevldtrecsiscrpta(ai1rmgte9eapdv2tsoa6,drl-e1sidnf9ifccf2eofer8une)sidn.neuceepcsxtaepiidnonssieenidmxptiwhloaesoreredksxteutwrrdseo.imreksiMetiirneessa,ovstsuph.raeenrrmeosnjete-hnteetxsfspuiaooe,flsenwpdueomrgrikrpboehnureesprsssaa.)lnodnTcechoruvberetraseaindmeed
neTmohepclhImonayeneadgdieassotnunidnjeyDttaohfnneuiesbtlhhioceacoihenrfecffmeeoncritctcrsaealotbiifonanjdseeitcswefafsuosero3lf1polenimrvieolgrid/vmisenr3juuwfpruiytnthocintai3o19nr1a,yneDfguaoeressl-osfi(finmllg1iendetgotiaana1tlt0.e=2n(01d79am.2n6g5t/)symefa3orusn).d
643 3 Toxicology of JP-4 Components
c(soemepAToanbberlnieetsf64oav-r4ee)rpvairreeewsesnuotmfedtmhaeinritzoTexadibcobleleol6go4yw-6.o.fTthhee macaujtoer thoyxdicriotycavrablounescofomrptohneesnets of JP-4
n-Hexane
TcpiaaranaarrlhhsrineumoeeagsstsleiaHpheaunsrtrelgeiiteelnoxyfsffonaafierrecu.fnonscasemttCteusNsatsNmo,aeo1cSasnna5vbyn0-efdesar0abpectb-tmepie2uegrcr5taoteeie0shfn,mse0iesaicbefoisenoprmvpssonpyaitnaorm.emlacfsdt.athpt.ePinitorharodnnAielmga--cHhtnanhsunlaaehyetsdzrxaiuxacgatnpcrogohnhedotexeio.nsicccauuoeissrsrrnAmyreavcicimlereetuoamrnriptfitntttetebiratog8seeatmoe8srittxo,0tihsoinponhen.poofaespsceal,tucmCyhdiuraerheaersrcfrnioahootaaarlancetnkrtc,idcia1vcuoo5nnanrsmeeapsixmsusoau.p-psrnilcoenridokaciWsumueuotCsanrehasnseNrcetm.dieanlStnyetoevmStiertnoknfhbaamgfi-rptnreehioiacpsoteuntctienxensgoeas.daghnsrn,.staIeitatcst esvsbonestipfmtheeexxacueorvenepcpputlpeleyusoootitarodnnmrcrrssiiriahrseugsetsayyeludirtiynhcdaozreiaoagleofmttusgodfcappnrrpse.katnoeeaacuahetrfsososhimlIetprteneuynipmisobxc)pncb,ene.neslegreisnornetnie.opoesmtTtanirscchfnhaoeiaU3ednifttevlnrihlicyretoawptedamierlnthmisayaehcsleeernvlytaexkssbueertd,tieueelrtanriioscoglesrnengytprt.eiomag.na,amspsiblnsiensIatlTeayirnpgiitawnnsmeihholohsdtiftyirtmu.rehsn.htoosdifeeeiommifPnrtncTnbrmvaaeagis6uherylce1soeateear0oscitlisslntyonsft..ftrysvimcosrtiomo1lsehsTPupul0t2vepvddrshh0etcecomeeyere0oulmgvseixmolnmriettpaeonhelircsrnpcuolsetraoamptsshhmewsgiclsseaoiuieihssscvnftlai,wiooiaaengaeklrlrinlndsltenbsmehca9oaeaerohldi-tseevnlvf1rasosdvnedao2nbnerdptgtscloeyotmeoheeooubivarysnnorfsmtevguldaenplo(erwrloutosdsadthvepdcshdhr.eesntseaieag.dioc,srlvrmrAhlofaiceeitrstaflhnmeyiesyntgmisemeeuepirtcsfuoohsamelcrityfeossouoeeprpltisaanrl,aeritchayl
411346,-,80d00aI00yn-oaaplnndpidmmra5aft2lsos,,r0a0sn5i0gdmnp4spi9nmoufmteanLsfa.t/rkecrgDo9sfeio-as1rt1ahy9roegumesnniegneeurnaatdelalsuy.fltteoTrcrachmutesr.icroeerdaalraeLt DecxoMpncoisesnecdtirteatdotiovansasp2ob4retmlweLvee/eklnsg
of for
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4) ' ACUTE TOXICITYTAOBFLECO6M4-6PONENTS OF JP-4
64-29
Component' n-hexane
octane dodecane isopentane isooctane meptheynltcayncelomehtheyxcayncelocyclohexane benzene
toluene
xylenes
LODra*l DLeDrm*al
22((118499,-743319570))mmIVg/kkgg.
[rat] [rat]
no data
no data
no data
no data
no data no data no data
no data
no data
no data 2250 mg/kg [rat] (47)
no data no data
2(199,83250) mg/kg [rat] 43780000 mmgg//kkgg [[mraot]us(e5]9)(47)
no data no data
5000 mg/kg [rat] (47)
[1r2a,b1b2i4t]m(4g7/k)g
4300 mg/kg [rat] (47) no data
ethyl benzene 3500 mg/kg [rat] (47)
5[r0a0b0bimt]g(/k5g9)
LCjo
3(1349,03h05r0) [praptm]
no data no data [1m00o0usme]g/(L12) no data
no data no data
no data
(14077,0)h0r0 [praptm] 53820hrp[pmmouse] (47) 50400hrp[prmat] (47) no data
64-30
TABLE 64-6 (Cbnt)
Component*
LODral
LDDerjomal
ztreinmeesthylben- no data
no data
t1h-maleetnheylnaph- 1840 mg/kg [rat] (47)
no data
2th-maleetnheylnaph- 1630 mg/kg [rat] (47)
no data
JIM (JET FUEL 4)
LC, 1(8447m)hgr/m[r}at] no data no data
`See Table 64-1 for component concentrations in sample JP-4 fuel.
n2dichmadirnrheap,eier5gepyurgpiv-thtsrorehlaia.eoivmonLbcetrdotieaxoooooIurtalntnnsxsiiachnsootgitturmcenmr-aiievitdoadnte.seebynyoidhrobfmotaSniaiisonlntbappcedsxea,ie,pirncsrcbcetawohtrhiioatotflaiahsfyvicrptocliikeiiatncarooacsnhhtmldnr.afiltatoyuslaeticn,ccsNrtaaioeiin2pnrononet-cnphnhxehttia.claupehneeiliulycrexoeinenaorrNagdiatiotibnenmc-iortnooghoa1oexnenilel5xicn3cxee0iiis5,otctxsaisy.igmpfpnp2ttnypo%ierh0iansnmse.rei5eidrnwsrmdnoocafmewnhm-aotarthsneriLnoeieeicins/tmfx5eduwhslaaleaemgaeltednvsyeerglra.seeenseeytlfc.ssmaosicaNtnfbrarooafDouotcoyufmuhlsiuoninapes2abtnsdttdoe0naeudtg0.tgod(ieahdn1eainxpeeu2C1noispwae,c0nhfmniaioar1rnotdisnmolso9rcatfn3rys1oadm0tiewssrlceaiis,gfgure,cs2/ftnl1atkaeeowl4a9tsdigurpnog3h/eswiodgeg5eincnnleafe)daeucn.aiyelecmnkirsicfdtsebo.y.idern,mnrO6Teyo4snhesflei,isn Octane phasaeprpiatrlaBayntsyeiesdtbhaiuenntdtooirtaatsdlhpoehreoyslxuuitnane.go,sto,TceihtxtahemnibenaiaytmrcctahoayetuicsbCeepNromaStpeoienrdfecfydetceootaxsftihcsoectdehtunaanenwetiiottisshclaaohprwedpxeiraarocnxheiamoromraretosehltlo,yegprtutehaesapnst.ier.oaIftforiyt is skin Icnonhtuamcta. ns, the only reported effects are blistering and burning due to prolonged
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
64-31
er4mcefafismunepscuiienIrttssnaeu.tstnoaearonsMyrifmcoiorecfaaxselitepsseex,.o,xpsopfuoIcoostrtlusealioersndweteoe.extdi5opsE3ebavx5cyap0tmpeoddposueurpcatrmohtlehueavstt(weo1msl2iset,1ehv2om4ei,nf6r8be,43r202a14e,n9x0p3ehp0p8oo0mi)usr.uprrisfrpto.eamrniNtn1.s8ouh5fAfunemtmarreihacndniogusshrtieeswsscwipolclinaarscpauetrssonoeertdderyunaacatieraodrfnetteehcssrt,reeia4atsf8asteemdr e.. Dodecane ftaaudcmmtooiDrnriioogsdtefeenr1cee0asd.insepDbeiyroscdbuneetocantanznhoeeio(gauha)splnlyyydrtfoeponxhrieec.2n. 2yIlTwtdhodeedeekeclcsro.aewaneseDsetdoadptotephxcleiiacendedeffoteoisscpetiaicfvaopelrloyttmhetrnioectseitahhtiosoeldr1p1odrofoggs/skeeknginbywyohafenrats dt(r1ae2ya,toe1fd93gw7e)si.tthatiboennzpor(oad)pucyerdenteu,mcohrrsysienneoffosrprbienngz. o(Nb)otraipdhdeitnioynleanleinofnormthaetisoenveins taeveanitlhable Isopentane sipht1rkap0ersia0minttd0eaIartaosmiecnpofshggppueg/eelL,ttaanoislnrto(osag1tslnhsi2tnieeo)noe. sifhiskaraainranvpidtepaCaitennnNitodoiSnteexee,daftyfrenneeepdsacm.rutedsesoeeRsrancaem,anpshtcaee.uotsaimn,ttiEfesaludo.fnsfsseisoo.Tcrntohs,"fpeVimrcnLoeoaarlnCyboysniclihginitiioeygcnduhlust"tondshkveeediasnsoepm.xocfhoroiuIinnlncasetoheranaawcitcltsoaieortwenniksoti,,tlrnliadmadtioizaprofzytenieurnsdaspenisastdsttro,oeendb5teef0a0t. Iso-octane (2. 2. 4-trimethvlpentanel lrfinuoanrbmmgbsiTiatcstohe,iofeiansrni,oasd-totsoh-,5corttcoahmtmnaeiynebneouwpsstriieslaoslrdaeceunaxcdmupesodofesidbuheprrerouemasltmitoeso.lroyrn1hIat0naor0ghyx0eiac,llepaesbptdiiymooennmtshw.aoea,fsoWi1rnha6thiel,ge0rhnr0slot0yiuitniptiarjepelr.mcitptaeIntcdfieanuaugismnspte(oird1ran9ami3trteie7usds)s,p.ciiaunrblatasotrcolerytsyhsienartorest Methvlcvclopentane edMCrreeNyfealttStehhhxMey.demlseec,tapWyh.rncyelhaolsreMcspcnyaeoecnnstlatiohtp.sapypnelalHcenniyetdudcaamllndosteaopeonaeretsngehxutschaieadinnmbneeeimabttswlooepolnnseiugsorctladrysstakcaetlbifionene1p,tg0yeec-nx1ytmhtp5caaaleontprcpegtpneiemndionn.tbastioaentIsftenewhttapoeymvexrinmeioccdeiattt,uhryhcg3.eeei8ndsoCapnedmypxsrcimeeysltotnsepeco.fesaffsneunctsaataennrsd(ce1loo2ssilss)ii.ssgahoatnfd
64-32 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4) Metfavlcvclohexane wcepthl1ahoxir5ocgnepi,rumh2voill2muNdsaiv7veltaaoseedptpirsiorpsootonapyarnodsnnsm,tucdd2ea.soc8mannek18ldDicii20cdvte0ehrannp0paaetetpiptoryophmsiasindpas.t,wmmoifonnloaIeananrsiibrsnnecopapgfoirrftrrseeateibicodmcbscyat.tbeaaubdimilttsrnTeeseeoe.dshsat,hfhetubRnlhr9yeymaei0latncrhbacywgchaobnocolensilastuor.jicnssuehrodsndeTnin,nxcidchdotbaeiieaanuvnsnnraettinroigr]mshothnalce-itasasegoaivluofhn.osefrntgfevasebcicnivstneecdteelatillooneuu7ixnvtsl0aiee,rcirdlesamdptiieysmoinixosnrjpapnuuutbneecrtdeecoiyonsatuuew,itsnrodasaf3sesbmet0vehbco0axeiarbtrnpetspes.otepiistormuAvnre,tedintion wstuigebneukilfIaincfroacrndhti2rlaottoynixeoiciancr,isenpfhpafaerpolcialtdltauiforcoyneudnhsdtynupodweiraetpussl,mareseoixnarpasoalisnncudhrraemanttsego,desum2l0liianc0re0y,mphampaleimmners,atre6atsrl.sihzoaoTutrirhosdenos.pegesri.ndcTaluyhd,ee5dodnraleyynsalper ulcerDateiromna(l12a,pp4l6i,ca5t4io,n17o,f1t9h3e6)l.iquid produced local irritation, thickening and Cyclohexane ,vvrmtcanlioeaarvaosesuerp6crrcsueie.,ioCr0nxlsaakpgcyigtrsiiocod/tnlktreadnoeaygmnahenr.dymeceftaxonaWattiastlrhgni,uneseiadrtemlnhevoab.oaiisnsntrsrrhdayTaoaia1ncthffn.C5r.oedcoelNalhqmAaawuSuonpsauies1oledsriesd4nbest.l,rephe6tbi-rte0uhhDyhes0meosiaeahsul,gtaaeoretntnsxhnotitav1umaena2poatrape2laofll.io,rsst0lrieo0viexaTnw0eexnphdxhdopleputiespobocsceoxmiiesodtoriudemc.anrdirltsaieays.Lbs.wtewbDoveRieStreL2saayer.o6krme,es7ipeIladny5netni,2oandrmmrdaprioebsinhpacfbemeotiathb,tfh,srcceairwoareecnauhifsudncseudteeegaleusdtnerpsrstte,arrrxdeftaapluriauptoooideninomsdgnut,bosr5ue.t5 a(>nd18cC0a.yu2cslegod/hkegtxh)aentoederiasatbhnboiotmfsinkaialnlllayrneaismbuslaotlesrd.beidn tmhricoruogshcotphice cskhianngaeltshionugthhemliavsesrivaenadppkildicnaetyiosns .empaxlpmipmcoroTossfetsohcdrceoopttdmohicaepvnclagsehpaetaromenlryoegefleepslcveihmwerlriseoionrdnoea.iftces4edp3eo4nfirsopoinmpnmitnth,ghe6eilsibhvrooeedurlyraas.tinvddNealioyklyidstlofnioxgerihycts5c0bwhehaecxneapn.guoessstehuwerteheesirsx,epbcosouesmteunrpsoeomiunwneardsabitsboit7s86 blaedevedeniltIinoornefmpa3ola0rnd0t,eedptnapoitmlhssayoitssftcestymohcmiliscoehiwpneohtxeiaasrtnoaneciritnmiroigtnasaytaibnprygeocttaeyonvcalttoiihalhaetebexeleatyhne(ese12taho,naxd1vi7ce,meb4ufe6fcee,oncu5t4ssr,eomp1foe9rmT3t7Oeb)dr.C.aPneAsb.uvtaIpntoohras
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
64-33
Benzene
nPrmeeroprorovgerorTtauishmnsefhsoaTpyrvsrmoteixmeamietcasiorotyla(no5b,ge4lyfri)fs.eehGfceeBturdsiedtnaooezf.retbehnleeaentcizioshennacspeahtrieicpnrinhbooaengltaewtbnieoeiecnnnzinaebnnebdenoiztinnhegnteaehsnteeiimoxInpnaolssatsarualerlnaedotinaomnntdahnRel.eecuseStknoeertvmraeatirialao.ln For
Toluene
the cThoalputeenreonis taolCuNenSe dineptrheessaInnsttawliltahtioanloRwesttooxriactiitoyn. PFroorgrmamoreTionxfiocromloagtyionG,uridefee.r to
Xvlenes
ddmthaeeepilmryreeAbdsrwcsoaiuasontsenees.sneroaxaBnpnedoogvtsiihsndukgretiennhfcrete(oo4lmio6qh)fui.2gic5dha0TrachctonioenndocN1get0hane0tneti0riocvanmiattaipygolo/nokTrsgfoaoxmbrfieycixxoigeylroadlrevgitnxayaeygtPlienevrnagfooepgtsrororai2snmthymeeeriaateeryhcyseecern(ast1,uml9ysm3iecr9uee)Cc.pooNourrSstreadtsthgaivten
RestoFroartimonorPeroingfroarmmaTtoioxnic,orleofgeyr Gtouitdhee. chapter on xylenes in the Installation
Ethyl Benzene
tGtroaucittdh.Eee.thScyhylsatpbetmeenriczoeannbeseotishrpypltrioibmneancrzaieluynseeasninCirNtrhiSteandItnespttoraeltslahsiteoionsnk(iRn4,6e)se.tyoerFsaotarinomnd ouPrpreopgeinrrafomrremsTpaiortxiaoitcnoo,rlyoregfyer
Trimethvlbenzenes
,
wac1on,a3nds,c5setT-heinsheetoenrma1ttie,rn2iroi,.m4nm-seiRistc(ohae5myt0sleeb0xre0epxn-o(9pzps0eoes0nsed0eeudsdtpoooptccom8cu1u)m13r70ce0a-in0n9ue1s)p34ep0aimCrspoeNmpotSmfoexrdaiioneccfpofilrtsooehorgsemmisciesao1.rln,l2iyc,Ti4nsm-hiimseiaoxnimtl1iuam,err3.rea,5lso-fH.iorsroig8Lmh11o0e3sv-r0s2a1(popmopfdremarsyeistfoylefhlxeatnedhsee) no adverse effects or fatalities.
pwTFnorheriimuletTmehthteohhenye1ilft,baf2iaset,a3tnaal-ziltesinodntmtheoresaeleripsq,eioutraefiidnttoohniofserecaaao1ll,npLdt3raoD,imcs5Ltea.-oirosyofomsftkhe5inre00b1i0ry,r2im,tt4ha-gnei/stko.sgammDheareespfrooborseuietttinehoenirsegip1uno.it5nro-te2eatdhgep/kiinglgutnifhsogers1.rct7aha8teu.8sregas/tk.g,
64-34 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4) ctahonnextiebaTtilynoh,oiendagos.tnh3lV0my%aarpteiopocrofbrcttrohonoencfce1hhn,iutt3rim,sa,a5tinh-oiysneposxmopcreoharsnruogarmeneddicdf5rea0osn%cmermib1oie0afd-6tahs0nyedmpp1cp,mht2oa.,mn4gsE-eixosspofiomnnsueetrrrhvee(o2wuc,o1sana2seg).stuosl,aabteimlnitsiyixotonuf,re Methvlnaphthalene baranetden(4pT7rhhe)oe.ptooorsnetlenydsiatfdiozvraetr1ios-emn ee(ft1hf7eyc)l.tnsaOpohfratmhlaeLlteDhnyWelnvaaanplduhet2hs-amolefent1he8yr4lne0paopmrhgtte/hkdaglienannemd, ar1ne6s3ap0reecmtsigvk/eiknlyg,irhirnaivtatehtieon JP-4 Additives bfoeulonwdA;drdegitaivrdesinugsethdesine JcoPm-4paoruendliss.tedThine Tinafbolrem6a4t-i3o.n tLhiatttlewatsoxaicvoaliolagbiclealisdaotuatlwineerde
6-t-butyl-2,4-dimethyIphenol An oral LD of 530 mg/kg in the rat was reported (47). N,N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine lh.otuhraAsl o(p1ra9erl3c7du)o.taseneroeupsorLteDd^inofr5at0s00is m20g0/kmg gw/kags;rTephoertLedDLino ginuinraetas pisig6s.00Thmeg/lmow. efsotr 6 N,N-dimethylformamide reporAtend.oral LD^ of 2800 mg/kg in the rat and 3750 mg/kg in the mouse have been mfmeoxealplmnooiwIsbfnuerinsrahtgenauetlamiseoc.vanueCnstlsesa,osbafeNnye,rdNxseycp-cdmeohsirrpmstoitsveonetmihhcaesyvexlfoxepopforionsmnusdauariucremsaeeiitsdaet,doeevtidthsohiammainrtierottiitlhtnhaygietnli-ntalfoigonvlrdeetmrroaaainbtsmhdcteeiohdmeeefo.yinlmelasoOa,lwinnspekeaditinanoarftga(tne1hhtd9ieg3omh7re,egaurar2cnl3oie1us6st). 64.3.4 Levels of Concern cfrroitmerNioooinl cafronitrderogiiarleoaarnseds,tagpnraedraatisrcedusltahsraplytecrwiefiqitchuifrroeersgaJdrPod-m4teowstetiacrsewtelaoatcenardtesdou.dpopErl.iPesAto(2b0e12v)irdtuoaelslylifsrteae dpipsmtilOlfaoStreHsgA(ansao(3pli5hn3teh9,)aw)h.itahsTsaheetshAaoCr8t-G-hteIrrHmTW(3ex0Ap0o5es)xuprroeecsuolimrmemitliemonfdits5o0af0t4ph0pr0emsp.hpomld floimr iptevtarlouleeuomf 300
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
64-35
64.3_5 Hazard Assessment crpoeegntarcoreTdlneoitunxrmgiact-otidohloenegrsiicvcaoaerfdlc5dinJ0aPo0tga-4eonarhvicaa1ivi0tlye0a0boblefemeJfgnoP/mr-t4e3J.sPbte-uH4dtisaaitnroseptFula3idtm4hy4iotilesrodagi.tnys NpaisnroodngdorCwaet5sas7inBa(1rLpe9r/63oc6gum)rr.erisceseSn.htalaytleva-avpaaionlradble dfeotmotioGnxaeincnitot-ytloe,txohircailtryeteptsretosstdsfuoicrntibvboeatchttoexrriaicatisltyaannaddremmaaivcmaeilma(1ba8llie1a.3n).tesNt osydsatetma sonarteernaetgoagteinvieciatys,are sswapprthhealrei.saabtotthrll(bdee1oisAu--tb9laddsec8com.ueeeu1trrdmhp,tiiSevvl-3kenseeds2aieedden6mygri5eanJJispvt)PdPeileiniv-e-rodc44sersbaiittttssairaieanaanzedtimmasdinoaptenppniomodplolneenrsisliatedmbeu(sf1sutfdpaeu9etriridc3edinymstes0iuem)draawsg.aertagirbyitenm2bhwsi4irtatgieurstluhhdintoi(iadnr1utmtrieh9irlioauit3selna;td0teps)ibdshi.otgcyoansoslS7hermswk2-eatdiuoelnoeehrdd-rofeyeiiurrvo5nrwraer.ise5tdti,egta0phat,msesiattoesNiirmnvelnodevesplwseieelttfrueiurozemZyrdal(ytei1t-hetida9hosieler3mnearrw0niiat)vwida.tehiwtdtiwnhHatghJsha,tPiehnti-nfees4osderaunhmcaeeevdte oke1xif0dp0tno0heCseyumorkdngei/atdmimtnno3ueayfohgo,ueirgslihi9vneie0nrrrh,dacatalolsuyan;nstcingoeponnratonsredidagxutnpiscoiopefnsidlcuesaerfn(nae5ttt0toeyo0ff0fcperhaecmatttsrnsgo/gbmwleeuse3ut)rmiennp-orndtohoehdrteiueisvdctleioevddpienarJitndPhocoo-fr4gleomsaagsit(icec1esl9ec3vaihn0nea)ldns.ogrrogeIafasntsnt5(e01arw09nme3daii3tgnt)hde. tnst mpreondtHuacluemcocanhnfeumesxiiocpanol,supCrnNeeSutmodoepnpeirttreiossslei(o1un9m3a2dn).idstirlelaspteisraitsorkynotrwanct tiorrcitaautisoen.heaAdsapcirhaet,ionnaucsaena, 2cfOahtctahotnoeNgrr3ye2essuwyyrimoenoarplkorctsogeo.rnimcsda.sPuleciArentfficvoofleerunrcmdatvesagdenelhocdaeecevxiptepdireoebescsseurseierninmoenpelc,ienonritnkriprceaihedntnaedrbttraoiplaliottcymilhoy,rnonlotsaeonusrrisrcaiotnnuepegdxarepetvdh,oeyssdfuric(sor1otemu9rrr2tbeo91le2)ajd.8teetstdlofeuwe4epi3lts2hrihnmeyxtgaph/imomrsc3uraarfnofetdr.
64-36 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
64.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS ccocfroaofotmnmeasgptDroiotteerhunpiteeeeernnsresmttsiissetn,einnaatJtoaanPttfrtdi-iio4vibnneeuivfttufoeieaiendfellldtctthhhooaesnevaJtepmcParom-bpe4nles;iseneethnnaiatotcuniwieodednneeovltnfasdetbrJuitfo,Pehire-tead4htmtoeofasruwesryeleevtllaahaetnitsenhia,velfseyroosiilniliclslloogwn.avfoancinrredTygnth:wthwreaeaittmthesioprantejriocsmeriqfoeicucfoiarmtmnhedsapejocodnoriselltneatcntcioen
nbbncy-raeacanpllnzhkoceatahhnlnkeaeedaslsennaaeenlsksdanaelks ylbenzenes ^t - dclSaooaiirsnnytscssiegetsoihtmtfuduecsanaronimtnynstgpaowliifsnniatetghmhr.isenplwcetohitcmehosplenloeocnclteahinosestnaesdsamsnpdadiacyctseabt.toeerAahtghingeaah.tllyytsEhevPesoAlssahatmpoilurepol,ldtecosaacroslsehlosoisufboleadrlscaboonemarclepyqolslueilsteiercodetdfewdtiotihnpinre1v4ent :VswTaesoCepacpeoxthnrnrohiohplttiraylinrnehysyaodlaosyclcrosmAvicniyzaausdpbatecaaimtteeacreidcltmdoirailonpoccoantgpmbozlcuwiteraenoyolissbea(oirnnmcptsponiGcehecnrmhpsonowmiCayoaloaltatuoflre/rnnnioetmumoatodiecrhctrtlnaantodnioensopsthGdoodssnapGbeysmfCp,lrdseiuCinophcn(r/eiaMSspeaeotthoJxtpcrctsetaShPrttipaaihsarrnlerl-el,eaoteGad4tbcencenmwrfaioCtcifyfersnieeiehaut,od/cdlthMncnedlrhfovlacirMywaqoSleolatu(yvhrnuimcE(etmzeaaGttehtewSipnthsondbC(L.aoiotniaterl.n/d-hgbsyreMeiTAeasecoys.n,u)nisRhuqSs.psGttl)tua)-ciosrr8ndhCeiAriodt1mcigodroenifhn-olutcroa5ulrltmehisJrro4thiqasinPfir,alsuleoslGyoiie-utaiSnqq4otddaoCmoruuR,glriri/oiersipfnoIiMpgnsot.la)leeuhae.lpct.So.iVnhoas,hdah.fratiFraoybcinoscbcntlueeeu,(hooi(ebneStenGmlenmhleduzauaCeenmmessodsnnntaaa)niiopnenemtm1souu)lu,.agi)abppcrnsnltprfheeeslldogieeor,odrdlsimloxuoaegr,iemqht,reneaxaoauqnlsdttaaentriiuertotidcaddoA,ie-cregelaaxntepixtnr,nnqyahrtatdtaulwrloiepehylfaibnynihydsectasieyhtsibstis.oh,l;oyner
wcgdrtrhareoietascuhacrhlseraAdlericob"ltrtnteeeohcdrortoeitrnsnaitaqbfibtltcueeuoisvnaovtetn(rehlitoy.eiiefse,to.atm,drththiceaevaeofnaeiqmnes"uudeomeardeilonetoeumdaanrssnemmsdnaaoietnnnlgaudyarosbetufsmiiaolrosaieanitenlydt"eosarigacfnibramosgalntopvrrtrloilieumeecunscthpee.toltsovrcqreiaocuornafatelrndlcbiytofe;ilfmturyemoopxmrooteorfaneaseeatcuxhntrtsiatroepsnadneecw.c)tmiii.ftoTihencThthscihwisoomeidmtdihs"lepaotaroeilrrnpemaehnntiydnhts,aoictsbaieoulnt infraTrehde(tIoRta)lshpyedctrroocpahrbootonmceotnryten(3t5o9f9)J.P-S4inincewvaatreiroucsanfuaellssohbaevededtiesrtimncintievde bgyas
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
64-37
cpcherrretosaeminnatthoinygdreranopvchaiirrcobnpomnrosefni(lt3ea5sl9is9ta).mmapylesalbsoy bexeapmoisnsiinbglesetolecdtiesdtinpgeuaiskhaJrPea-4s ofrrompeaoktherartifouselfsor
cfoormnpAoonnd-eaenqtteuscetioisounesxslpiamemcittpeldfeosrt.oJPb-e4iwnatshenortandgeeteormf i3n7edj;jgt/Lhefodretaeqctuieoonuslimsaitmfpolresspaencdificig/g
64.5 REFERENCES Nthoetye:apTpheearnoinnstehqeuemnatisatelrnbuimblbioegrrsaopfhyt,he references reflect the order of references as
2. ADmoceurmicaenntaCtioonnfeorfentchee oTfhGreosvheorlndmLeinmtiatl VInadluuesstr,ia4lthHeydg.ieCniisntcsin(nAaCtiG, OIHh)io.1980. 3. ATEVnmvLeirrs-iocTnahmnreeCnshtoonAIfdedroLepnitmceeditobVfyaGlAuoCevsGerfInoHrmCefnohrteaml19iIc8na5dl-u8Ss6tu.rbiCasltianHncicynegnsieaintnii,sttOhseh(iAoW.CoGrkIH) 1985. 10. Callahan, M.A; Slimak, M.W.; Gabel, N.W.; May, IP,; Fowler, J.R.; Jennings,
IPCEI..n.;vD1Rir9ueo7rpn9fom.ereWet,nNRatato.elL.rP.-;ErrePWoltAaeht-cei4ttdim4o0eno/n4rveA-7,igr9Foe-nn.0Ccm2.y9;e,anMOtaaafnlfedisfctaer-t0ie,o2f9Bob.fW;, 1MWa2t9aearbspehPryiinl,oagrWnittnoy.niRn,pg.;oDlaHl.Cnuodt.a:ltnS,UttBsa.,Sn.R.Vd.ao;rld.GsI.oualndd, 12. CSToolanxysitc,ooInlno,cgG.y,.D3.r;dCrleavy.toend,.,FV.Eo.l,. e2dAs. 21B98,1T. oPxaitctoyl'osgIyn.dNusetwriaYl oHrky:giJeonhenanWdiley and 17. TWGooixlskiscienolislno,gCyoR.o.Ef.;CSommimthe,rcRia.Pl.;PrHoodducgtes,, H5t.hC.;edB.rBadadltoimcko,reJ:.ET. h1e98W4.ilClialimniscaalnd 23. YHoarwkl:eyV, aGn.GN.o,setrda.n1d9.81. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 10th ed. New 29. L1(A6e,voa,1i9Ala8b3, )le,19pf8rr3oe,mpaLrToegedchPbnyaicntahdlepDMaaretaadmbcaehtseeemrSdPearrtvoaijbceeacsst,e,,IPnIocsms.,uoeNneaNwoC.Yo2ol4lrekg(,ed,aNtC.eYdla.)rD.emecoenmt,beCrA 31. PLryompaenr,tyWE.Js.t;imRaeteiohnl, MWe.Fth.;odRso. sNenebwlaYtto,rDk:,HM,,ceGdrsa.w1-9H8i2ll. HBoaonkdbCooo.k of Chemical
64-38 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4) 34. Mackay, D. 1979, Finding fugacity feasible. Environ. Sci. Technol. 13:1218-1223. 35. M15a:1ck00a6y-,1D01.;4.Patterson, S. 1981. Calculating fugacity. Environ. Sci. Technol. 36. M16a:6ck54aAy,-6D6.0;AP.atterson, S. 1982. Fugacity revisited. Environ. Sci. Technol. 46. PPhroilcatdoerl,pNhi.aH:.;LHipupginhceost,tJC.Po.m1p9a7n8y. .Chemical Hazards of the Workplace. 47. ANRvaeagtiiiolsantrbaylleoItnfhsTrtoiotuuxgitcehEothfffeeOcNctcsautopiofantCaiohlnelaimblircSaaarlfyeStouyfbasMntadendcHiecesian(letRh'sT(MENCEIOSD)SLHDAa)R.taSbassyeste1m98,4. 51. VSaaxn, NN.oIs.tr1a9n8d4. RDeainngheorldouCs oP.roperties of Industrial Materials, 6th ed. New York: 54. NSiettwig,JeMrs.ey1:98N1o. yHesanPdubboloickatoiofnTs.oxic and Hazardous Chemicals. Park Ridge, 59. LPTieobexrriacroRyleoovgfiyeMwDeaCdtaoicmiBnmaen'istkteMe(T.EDDBL)ADRaStasbyastseem1,9N84a.tiAonvaalilaLbibleratrhyrooufgMh ethdeiciNnea,tiTonDaBl 60. UMU..1SS6..4CC6oo5aa.1ss2tt GGCuuOaaMrrddD. 1I(N9A7Sv8Ta.i.lCaWbHlaeRsIhUSiSnHgGtaoz.nPa,.rOdDo..,CuSs.:tCoDchkeepmNairoct.aml0e5Dn0at-t0oa1f2RT-0er0pa1on4rs7tp-oN2r)ot.a.tion, 74. cMhaecmkiacya,lsDo.;f Sehnivui,roWnm.Ye.n;ta1l98i1n.teAresctr.itJi.caPlhryesv.ieCwheomf.HReenfr.yD'saltaaw1c0o:n1s1t7a5n-t1s19fo9r.' 200. BFionsktoenl,:AJJoh.,nedW. r1ig9h8t3.. Hamilton and Hardy's Industrial Toxicology, 4th ed. 298. Air contaminants. 29CFR1910.1000 306. nSuambpea,rctlaBss-, lTaabbelle, spoacfkhaagzinargdaonuds motahteerriarlesq,utihreeimrednetssc.r4ip9tCioFnR, 1p7r1o.p10er1 shipping 309. Constituents prohibited as other than trace contaminants. 40CFR227.6 351. Toxic pollutants. 40CFR401.15 355. Federal Register 1980.JWater quality criteria documents; availability. 45:79318.
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
64-39
505. RNeaaticotnioanlsF. iQreuiPnrcoyt,ecMtioAn NAFssPoAciatPiounb,lic1a9t7io5n. MNaon. u4a9l1oMf-1H9a7z5a.rdous Chemical
506. NGaatsieosn,aSloFliidrse. PQruoitneccyti,oMn AA:ssNocFiPatAio,nPu1b97li7c.atPiornopNerot.ie3s2o5Mf F-1la9m77m. able Liquids,
507. mMaanteurfiaacltuSraefrest.y Data Sheets and other safety-related data from chemical
511. E0AH7na6vmt,aireyPotaBhnmom8ad0e,-n2fHot2ar.1Kl0d.R0;e5teC.esrehmaernicn,hiJnJgL.a;tbhdoeerVactoeomrrayp,,aEtCibRinil.ci;tinySntoaeftpi,hhaeOnzHasr,.dRoEu.DsP.A,w'SaRstrteeopsm.o,rMtDu6.nL0i0c,/i2p1-a98l800-.
535. CSuobusntcainlcoesf.E4urMopayea1n97C6o.m(7m6u/4n6i4ti/eEsEDCi-rOecJtivLe12o9n, 1th8eMDaiysch1a97rg6e). of Dangerous
536. C19o7u8n.c(il76o/f65E9u/EroEpCea-OnJCLo2m2m2,un14itiAesugDuisrtec1t9iv7e8)o.n Fishing Water Quality. 18 July
537. CShoeulnlfcisilhoWf Eatuerrosp3e0anOCctoombemru1n9it7i9e.s D(7ir9e/9c2ti3v/eEEonC-tOheJ QL2u8a1li,ty10ReNqouviermedbeorf 1979).
538. 1C9o7u9n. c(i8l0o/6f8E/EuEroCp-eOanJ LC2o0m, m26unJiatineusaDryir1e9ct8i0v)e. on Groundwater. 17 December 542. 2C0ouMncairlchof1E97u8r.opean Communities Directive on Toxic and Dangerous Waste . 652. eVsatilmueastiwoner(eSeesetiImnatrteoddubcytioAnr,thVuorl.D1.).Little, Inc. using as the basis of 1219. Values were estimated by Arthur D. Little, Inc. 1811. Svoma, J.; Houzim, V. 1984. Protection of groundwater from oil pollution in
the vicinity of airports. Environ. Geol, Water Sci. 6:21-30. 1813. ABreursoiscpka, cDeJM.;eMdicaathl eRsoense,aDrc.Wh .La1b9o7r8a.toMryu.taAgMenRaLn-dTRon-7c8o-g2e4n. sAtuDdAy0o6n49J5P2-.4. 1822. RGeuinndheorldsonP,ubRl.iCsh.,inHgaCrto,rApoWra.t,ioend.s. 1962. Synthetic Lubricants. New York: 1824. MGucGthrraiwe,-HVi.lBl .,Beodo.k 1C96o0m.pPaentyr.oleum Products Handbook, 1st ed. New York:
64-40 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
1832. a1n9d80O. rMdinliatnarcye SMpIeLci-fHic-a5t6io0n6EH, yDderaput.lticofFDlueidfe,nPseet.roAlueug.m29B.ase; Aircraft, Missile,
1843. cGaEhsnhsaeearrssagssciyentmegSriio,ssuitmMirccis.l;easorPfi7atis:ne3oas7mh7ale-no4odw0,1idd.Aief.;flyeQrueunsiecndelsivpabenetr,towSlee.eu1nm98s4yfu.nefPlushe:ylasaicnradelfeaprneedtnrcocefhuedemaltiapcarblodasuectfso.r
1844. M19I7L9.-TM-5i6li2ta4rLy specification - turbine fuel, aviation, grades JP-4 and JP-5.
; 1845. AASmiirritFFhoo, rrJcc.Hee .dB;iasHstieal,lrapFteelro,ra.inJdd.aG:h;EigJnhagbidenree,nesHriitn.yg1f9ua8en1lds..ASRenreavpliyocsreitss NaLnoad.boEernSavtLoir-rToynR. m-8e1n-t5a4l.fTatyendoafll
J 1846. DANOSeRpoffg.a-iric5Enae7,dP-oFaJAft.-C-i2o6R.-n;0Ae0Ss-o/e0oXfa1m-rj68ece.3htr-Gv0faiul5unle9eldlf,, hBCDAyr.iedCrevre.e;FozlceooLa,rpercFmbeeL,o/eEn:TnsPtUJ.Ab..;Sy.BIanuEqttenulreavartirgi,coeLnnmCmcyi.ce;rnAoBtgbaorilauePlreqmrcuooetminnec,mttAiNuon.noWi.tAi.egs1.e9nR8c3ey.p, ort
, 1847. V
fNSNucAaeitelSino/acAndeaCdsl.iTtAi/vPcea-s7d5feo5mr,yhNioTgfhISwScaNiyeonv.ceePhsiBc-2le5Ns4a0at8nio8dn. atWhleaRirsehscienoamgrtcobhnu,sCtDiooCnun:pcNirloadt1iu9oc7nt6as..l FRAuecepaldosreatmnNdyoo.f
J...1848. pMPeoetrldioticzleienurem, Ia.iRnnd.;thBDeioeLlmoegaoircnian,leIS.eRcni.ve;inrLcoaensmeDteeenrpt,a.rJRt.mLepen1o9tr,8t5Wt.oaImAshmpinaegcrttioconann, DhPuCemt.raonleuhmealItnhstoitfute,
1849. Ca1n9od8le4mn. oaT.nh2,eWfiud.eEeln.;otiifMlictuahntaicothnp, aaJrn.Wtdit.i;omnSetairnseutiocrhetmehree,nRatq.oPuf.e;ocRuomsinppghohnaanseendt,asHftien.Pr.g;maKsixooilnipngfel.e,Ark,recFrh.oC.s.ene, Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 13:171-178.
1912. CFEoSlerLwc-eeTllER, n-H8g0iJn-.1e7e1.r9i8(nA0g.saFcnuidteeldSjeeirtnvtiis(c1oe9ns1iCn3g)enbtyerU, .TSy.nAdairllFAoFrcBe, aFirLcraEfSt.LVRole.pIoratndNoII. Air
1913. CflilgewhtelJl,. HAiJr.cr1a9ft832.0G:3r8o2u-3n8d4.contamination by fuel jettisoned from aircraft in
1925. WDoosrski,ngE,nMvir.;onL.oHft,eaSl.t;hS1ch1:r4o3e3d-e4r3,7E. . 1985. Jet fuel and liver function. Scand. J.
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
64-41
1926. 3esKpx:n1ep5aco2visa-eu1l,r6reB4e..f;teorPejeenrtcssefounteo,l.HtAh.enE;nineGrvveoosldtuibgseasrtyigos,tneFmo.M.n.S;occWacnuedps.ateJtri.ohWnoalomllry,k,PexE.pn1ov9si7er6do.nwL. ooHrnekgae-ltrteshrwmith
1927. oKcncauvpea,tiBo.n;aMllyinedxupso, sPe.d; Stotrjuewtef,uGel.. A19c7t9a.. NPseyucrhaiastthr.enSiccansydm. 6p0to:3m9s-4i9n. workers
1928. osStcturcduuywp.aeA,ticoGtna.;a.lKlPysnyeacxvhpei,oaLsBe.d,ScMtaonindjed.tuSsfu,upePpl.l-.16a978c3:5o.5mN-6be7iun,reodpseypcihdieamtriioclosgyimcapltoamnds icnaswuoisrtkicers
1929. onMLKneonirnnavogdvoc-ueuct,seus,rpBmsPa.y;.ts;ietAoexPnmnpeasro.lhslsyeSsuolcrmenaexn,-pOdtHoo.lss.JjeEoe.dnt;W,ifSnBuotdre.r;uulk.sw,EtIreElIoi,.anflAGsvsiw.or;coonrWnr,ok.sSeesH.nr;-ssneeGabwcleattirimthohgnb,4ase:Aplr1.ae9;ecl-pe4iWa,i5dl.Feer.sm;te'efiIreoshraloeokgnlsmicscoe,niPtn,ov.Aet1.sh;9tei7g8a.tion
1930. ATMeFacAchEnMwicReanLl,-RTJe.RDpo-.;8r4tV:-0e10m918.o4tN., MAEi.RrHI.F-o81r49c^8e42..ATAeorDox-iscApa1Hc4ae7z-aM8r5de7sd.iRcaelseRaersceharUchnitLaAbnonruataolry.
1931. Davies, N.E. 1964. Jet fuel intoxication. Aerospace Med, 35:481-482.
1932. aBsrpigehctt,s Po.fEp;etBreorlethuemlotf,ueJl.sP.;- GEbebnoerna,lGp.rPi.n;ciEpylerse.s,PAB.8R4.-;23F0r4at8i0, .E. 1985. Health
1933. hVPMWiuIgaeIbha.cl-NivsReehanreeue,nrrgasNgh,ly.tKoIEnsn.yf,c,fn.eeMtcdhts.es.GtioA.c;fdfUPvudaeetlndsrci.onelM,seuDienmh.ElMm.Haoy1ndd9,8ero4mM.ca.TAErob.n;xovinHicrsoo.elmnoPmgsrytienrnoecteefattl,omnTIi:IxoIe,xPdirGcidon.ilPcso.teg;it.lyoTl.anhtVeoSorcaplinueedmn, tJeif.Jic.;
1934. MacNaughton, M.G. 1981. Toxicology of high energy fuels. ALaFbAoMratRoLry-,TWR-r8i1g-h1t3-P6a. tAteDrsAon11A1i6r86F,oArcier BFoarsec,e OAHer.ospace Medical Research
1935. B17E4R-2I.CHTE 1982. Effects of n-hexane in man and animals. Research Report
1936. ARMeAapcMoErRwt:Len1-,T98JR5.D.-8.H5;-a0Vr5re8ym. GoAt.D,A-EArHm16s.t1r15o95n88g5..ATeorxoiscpaHcaezaMrdesdiRcaelseRaersceharUchnitLAabnonruaatolry,
1937. LHiabzraarrdyooufs MSuebdsictainnecse MDaEtDa LBAasReS(HsySstDemB). 1986. Available through the National
64-42 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
1938. DNfoaHrtEiaoWnraelc(oNImnIsmOtietSunHtde)edfPoursbtaOlinccdactauiropdna-toiNocnocua. lp7aS7t-ai1of5en1tay.laenxdpoHsuearlethto(NalIkOaSneHs)(C1957-7C.8C).riteria 1939. sNCPtuuaabtrdiclioieicnnsaaotolgiofeTnnxoeyxNsliieocsno.Tel(oseNgc(yIhmHnPiix)rceoa8dgl7)r-Ra2imne5p8Fo3(N3.rt4T4SP/eN)ri1era9st8sN6.uanTmdobxeBirc6oC3l2o37gF,y1NamnTdiPc-ecT.aRrNc-Ti3nP2o7g.enDeHsiHs S 1967. pNforarotdiaouncrateslc.oIDmnsHmtiEetunWtdeed(fNorsItOaOnScdHcaur)pdPa..t.uiobOnlicacclautSpioaanfteiotNynoaa.ln7ed7x-pH1o9es2au.lrthe t(oNIrOefSinHed) 1p9e7t7r.olCeurmiteria 1981. CPKehusaptmifceibrd,eerDss,.o;Jn.BEAu.;lngYiemra,rablWrSo.yHusg.the1m,9Js8..2D.N.,EewestdrsYo.goEernkff:ieccRtasacvtoieofnnCsPhrorefosnsc.hicloErixnpaotseudrehsydtorocarbons. 1989. Waneallcohg,s.RT.Mox.i;coLle. vAinp,pWl. .P; hCaormonaecyo,l.A1.H4:.35189-6396.7.Estrogenic action of DDT and its 2012. WU.aSs.hEinngvtiorno,nmDCen:taUl.SP.roEtnevcitrioonnmAegnetnaclyPr1o9t8e6c.tiQonuaAlitgyenCcryi.teEriPaAfo4r4W0/5a-t8e6r.-001. 2241. wcMhaurtorermra-aysot,olDugrb.AalepJhf.;yra.LcOtoiciolknhanaordft,cPrWeutdr.Leo.c;ohiWelsmeaibcnsadtlerpP,eotGlrluo.Rtlei.ouBnm. 21p:93r89o4-d.4u6Ac.tnsalbyysisgaosf the 2243. adCniofdfreargpercnoituoignaldlue,wqMauta.eYtri.o;wnBistahvesha.rns,ineAmg.lpe1h9ca8es5lils. mIomnodmpeiles.tcriWbollaeetu.cmoSnchti,aymdTreionccahan.rtb1ot7rn:a2sn:3s-s3py7os.rttemin osfoils 2244. aDicbabslee,hJis.Tto.r;yB. aSrotihlaS, cRie.n1c9e791.28R:5e6h-a6b0i.litation of oil-inundated agricultural land: 2245. csTSBeocrelmiaceemhcnptntmoeiidfnceiaecrlnf;rRtRePsesuehsopyewfeoaaarrJtrctPehr-(1.419o18ar/1ng8.ad1n)I.daiseBmdnoestl.tilfeiiRnrcmagetpiiAnooanirrttiaoFNnnodoro.cqfeAutFBahnOaetisiSrefRi,bcDa-ioTtCilRoo:ng-i8Uco2aSf-l0At1ehF0fef8eO,wctAfasfitnceunerpuosoaonflluble 2246. AH19ea8rr0or-ins1ao9un8t,1ic.WaWl.ELriag1bh9ot8-rP2a.atotTtreihreess,ocnRheeAmpiroicrFatloNracone.dABpaFhsWyes,iAcOaLlH-Tp, rRAo-pi8re2rF-t2ioe0rs5c2eo,fWJJurPni-ge4h,tf1o9r82
JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
64-43
2247. cSHoeumrgvphicoeenss,enCBte.sMnti.ne;rWa, iRriceerfplaiofntrgtf,uNKelo.s;.. AETdySanLmd-aTs,lRl GA-8.i5r1-19F38o5,r.cAeVuagBruaisastbe,i1liF9ty8L5,o. fEnmgaijnoereroirngganaincd
2248. caMhneadmcISinsettrryvyri:ec,esseWdL.iGmab.e;onrStamtwoirtahyte,,rCRi.enLpt.e;orrdatecFtNiuoorn.,.EPTS.yOLn.-d;TaSRllu-,A82Cir-.0WF6,o. rN1c9oe8v1Be.masHbeye, rdFrL1o9c,8aE1r.bnogninefuereilng
2249. NrCeoavr.ielsEwoS.nL,T-RyTn.REda.-8ll119-A58i01r,. FOTohcrtecoebbeiBoralos1ge9i,8c1aF.lLd, eEgnragdinaeteiorningofasnpdillSeedrvjeictesfuCeles:ntaerl,itRereaptourrte
2250. qCuoaolpiteyr,reRse.Car.;chH-fuantteero,fLto;xUiclrjiecthfsu, ePl.Cco.;mOpkoanzeanktis, iRn.a1q9u8a1t.icEsnyvsitreomnsm. ental WLarbiogrhatt-oPrayt,teRrseopnorAtirNoF.orAcFeMBRasLe,-TORH-8,1A-1ir01F,oDrceeceAmebreorsp1a9c8e1.Medical Research
2251. qCWLuaoraboilogpitrheyartt-,roPerRasyte.,tCaeRr.r;csehoHpn-ofuarnAttteierNro,oFf.oLtrAo;cxFeiUcMBlrjRaiectsLhesf,-u,TOePRlH.-Cc8,o.2;mA-O6ipr4ko,aFnOzoeanrckcttiseo,biARenr.ear11qo99su88pa22at.,icceEsnMyvsiteredomincsma.lenRteaslearch
2252. Bossert, I.; Bartha, R. 1984. The fate of petroleum in soil ecosystems. Atlas, R.M., ed. Petroleum Microbiology. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
2253. oVaPnxuaidbndlaiRdsthieeoerlnarstsLe,iodnpfdpSpe.une4bt,6rjAe9oc-lCet5su4.;m6o.fThhByiijdosrcsohe,ceamGrbiJsot.rnEys,. 1VN9oo6rl5ud.m,TFeh.FeX.X,meVedcI.hI.aAnNdisvemawncoYefosrmkini:crEIonnbtzieayrlmscoielongcye
2254. wHeaiignhets,aJlk.Ra.n;esA.leAxpapnld.eMr,icMro. b1io9l7.5.28M:1i0cr8o4b-1ia0l85d.egradation of high molecular
2255. Atlas, R.M. 1981. Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons: An environmental perspective. Microbiol. Rev. 45:180-209.
2256. oFillowinersso,ilT. .EHn.;viProunlf.orPdo,llIu.tD..;SeDr.unBca8n:7,1H-8.2J.. 1984. Studies on the breakdown of
2257. JSaWoaSinanolktuFetCrrha,onJnLc.fioDesucr.;ioes.niCacnoelawocenrllu,tdhRee.RoPi.rl;eevPmeentprtlaiookyniisn,agnLdco1Cm9o7pn5ut.treAorlizsoetfuddOmyilaosPfsotslhlpueetcibotrinoo,dmepegptr.ray6d.0a1Itni-o:6n05o.f
2258. bWioadlkeegrr,adJa.Db.i;litPyeotrfakcrisu,dLe ;anCdolfwueelll,oiRls..RC. a1n9.76J.. CMoimcrpoabrioisl.on22o:5f9t8h-e602.
64-44 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4)
2259. iCpZnhehdopeutpmco,ecodhRsep.rmGheea.i;crcaetBiloa1bnu0esg:h1hoa0mf9v-iaao1nqr1,u7oaG.fti(.LcAva.s;proiScoliclutuhestdlaohntiuzntmhsa2ipuc2he5sor2ut,)obPsse.tFan.nsic1tei9zs8e1idn. bCwyoamtheurpm.arIi.icsoSsnuunbolsiftgahntces. 2260. pL1r3ao:r9ds6ou5nc-,t9s6Ro9.A.f (.a;AfBsuoectlitt,eodiTl.iLann.;d2H2t5hu2en)itr, aLn.Lti.m; iRcroogbeinaml aucsteivri,tyK..E1n9v7i9r.onP.hSoctoi.oTxiedcahtnioonl. 2261. cRH1o9eun7cds5otdvrElaeerinsnytgtoisnno,efoefROrmi.iLnl,ig.c;prFpoCob.ruie7ans1lsd-wh7ay2etild.ol,rnWoLcaC.aWsrohbn.ionfn1eg9rtoeu7nn6ti.c:lieEzN:anStTviFohirn/eoRniRnAmoNtelhenNetoa.slfo(aAMiln.sidcIcnrnio:tuoePtdrrrgioatinicnoein2seam2dl5isn2g)ins othfe 2262. b2D2iio5bd2be)lger,aJd.Tat.;ioBnaortfhoai,l Rsl.ud19g7e9. .AEpfpfle.cEt novfireonnv.irMonimcreonbtiaoll.p3a7r:a7m29e-t7e3rs9.o(nAtshceited in 2263. oAlteloaps,hRili.cMf.;erBtialirztehras,. REn. v1ir9o7n3.. SSctiim. Tuleacthe.d7b:i5o3d8e-g5r4a1d. a(tAiosncoitfedoilinsl2ic2k4s9)using 2266. dMCHeaaapnnyo.soso3,int5De,:d5.SW5.i2An.-;.5f6Pi1n2a9e.g7e8c,.laDWy.Sme.a;atrhCienoreoinlsegeyd,cihmJa.;ernaSctostl,eernSisestoaicrnss,poEofr.;tp,BeMtrraEodl.leeuJy.m, FFih.s;yhGdrRiolefcisal.lrabBno,onaEsr.dS.; 2267. B2mM2iioc5cGc2rho)ielblm,ioiWlsotg.rByy..;oVfRopolwe. te5rl,ol,lpepMu.mJ2.2;c9oW-m29eps6ot.lnaNekneetw,sDiYn.Wosrok.Si:l..M1P9aa8ur1cl.,elBEDi.oAec.kh;keLmerai.dsdt(r,AyJ,s.Necci.ot,eledodgsiyn.,, Sanodil 2316. TScoaxiilcteoulorg, yV4.;3:L2a3u1w-2e3r8y.s, R.R. 1987. Dimethylformamide (DMF) hepatotoxicity. 3005. AGEGxCoopvvGoeesrrIuHnnrmmeReeInnencttdaaollimcIIemnnsddefuunossrdttrra1iitaa9illo8nH8Hs-y1yfg9ogi8rei9en.n1is9itsC8st.8si,n-1cT19i9nh88nr98ea..stAhi,omlOdehrLiioci:amnAitCmVoeanrlifuceaernsenaCcneodnofBfeiroelnocgeicaolf 3016. QAluaaslkitay WStaatnedrarQdusa, lliatystSatmanednadredds 11/978/78.7.AAlalsakskaaA, dTmitlienis1t8r,atCivheapCtoerde7,0W. ater 3061. Benz, R.D.; Beltz, P.A. 1980. Cytogenetic toxicologic testing with dogs.
Environ. Mutagen. 2:312-313.
JIM (JET FUEL 4)
6 4 -4 5
3087. ABreursoiscpka, cDeJM.;eMdicaathl eRsoense,aDrc.hW.La1b9o7r8a.tMoryu.taAgMenRaLn-dTRon-7co8g-2e0n, s5t9updpy. on JP-8.
3135. CQCooummalmmityoonnSwwtaeenaadllttahhrdoosff, VV11iirr/1gg/ii8nn8iiaa. SSttaattee WWaatteerr CCoonnttrrooll BBooaarrdd RReegguullaattiioonnss, 1W98a8t.er
3220, 8F/l3o0r/i8d8a. WFlaotreirdaQWuaalitteyr SQtaunadliatyrdSsta1n9d8a8r.dFslo1r7id.-a3. Water Quality Standards 17.-3,
3265. oLHfaabpnoesretarnot,olerKuie.mLs,.;fFuDoereltsnnCEios-,2llBiMn,s.,WEC-.6;oBlHo, reEap-dl1eo0r.,,PDEr.o-Ijlel1,c9tE8N1-1.o2.P,r1Eim7-01a64r-yBA.dEerlmarasl Biriroirteasteioanrcshtudy
3418. ThMiogaxhci-cNeoanlouegrggyhy,toVsnyo,nl.MthV.eGtIiI.c;. fUudeldsi,nC, hDa.Ept.er19I8X3.. ATdoxviacnocleosgyinofMmoidxeemd dEisntvililraotnemanendtal
3432. QMuaaslsiatychSutsaentdtsarWdsa,te1r2/Q31u/a8l3i,tyMSatassnadcahrudsset1ts98331.4MCaMssaRch4u.0se0t.ts Surface Water
3501. NWeawterYoSrtakndPaurbdlsic, CDordinekiRnegvWisioante,reSffteacntdivaerds1/91/98899.. New York Public Drinking
353`9. Oruclceu. pFaetdio. nRaelgSisatf.et5y4:a2n3d32H. ealth Administration 1989. Air contaminants: final
3587. tWRheeagtuSerltaatQtieounoalfiNtAyor.Sk2taannassdaasar.mdsenfodredSuWrfaatceer WQuaatelirtsyoSftatnhdearSdtastefoorfSAurrfkaacnesaWs a1t9e8rs8.of
3599. Roberts, AJ.; Thomas, T.C. 1986. Characterization and evaluation of JP-4, Jet TAoxaincdol.mCixhtuemre.s 5o(f1)t:h3e-s1e1.fuels in environmental water samples. Environ.
3672. QSouuatlhityDSatkaontdaarWdsa,te2r/8Q9.uSaoliutythStDanakdaortadsC1h9a8p9t.erSo7u4t:h04D:0a2k.ota Surface Water
3683. dSotactuemWenattaetrioPnr.oDgreacmems bTeerlep19h8o8nethSrouurvgehyF1e9b8r9u.arPyer1s9o8n9a.l communication and
3719. SN11ue7rb.fraacsekaWWateartesroQf uthaelitSytaSttea,ndreavridssed19e8ff8e.cNtievbera8s/2k9a/8W8.aNteerbrQauskalaityStSattaen, dTairtdles for
64-46 JP-4 (JET FUEL 4) 3746. PNeaetrionRaelvLieawboCraotmormy,ittOeeak19R8i9d.geP,eeTrNR, eMvaieyw4-C5,om19m8i9t.tee Meeting. Oak Ridge 3763. f5Uo1.r:S2.e0xE4i2snt9vi,nirgaonnadmnd1e9nn8tea8wl, P5s3ro:ou4tr0ec5cet6si2o.onf4A0pgoCellnFucRtyio4n01:3986A65.pUpGenendnedeirpxaolBllp.urtaentrtesa. tFmeedn.tRreeggiuslta,ti1o9n8s6, 3852. WWyyoommiinngg GWraotuenrdQwuaatelirtsy, R12u/l8e4s. aCnhdapRteegruVlaHtiLons 1984. Quality Standards for 3853. RWWuyylooemms iiannnggdWWRaaettgeeurrlaQQtiuuoaanllsiitt,yyQRRuuualllieetssy aaSnntddanRRdaeerggduusllaafttoiioronnWss,y1Co9mh8a4i.pntgWerSyuLormfainceg WWaatteerrsQuality
COMPLEX MIXTURES eotttfhhohxfrepeeesetainerhnriaimtlmstieueTrealrranehteesctcisratshoiiloaawcfnlpfhsetistanhlelcpde-oradtisfnnemergatfvahissndateeecrrerdyleaaoiplacssaogtlecirrwlvctytoheoieutadrahpitdsniigaionnpsrgfocetusodchtlsomoiteieimbmnptflpteholase.olet,xleuoolrInwmytordiuiunssxtthhtgteiwuoelicuroazheslsefdtadoasmprynbtaaonedengrdt/dheosni.freoicpsetocidreslnod,adbas,tsiashthbieonoolyfwnefcosceae.rovrsmmeesTarupr,rhloeyatefuthslibneaneucdtgttfseat.ihdfcnoetglToilrnrochesowdemmsicefaapnotnnohrtysmseiinotaaoiffdotluundttuehelsindoenec,fdee wcdpthlereaapolstlpseneiaonrdsfftioiTwnecrgshiomtmehaoacpnttgcyiooeopfuonroingcdrarwdimnlasagupcswlhoataaimotcvsiopatlnghiooli.nceavabeeitnMlnnieo.t.tsanennsaPydnohedoyfdfspaicutprhasopleed/r.scuoehxceFtimmmuuiriaxscttteaheu.lerrcepmosrImonoaprpreseeoo,rsmbtitithleieeosenncdofaofeostrdefemsnt,tuhowtleahmetemirrooeeidnxfisntofuyorvretaet,rhsaytevhaiawrreieliaptrhbhpalynresosgeiveoaciarsdfoloevndraratiihfseed seencvtiiroonnsmInoennatdthdaientidopnraintbcoripiteahfleocvdoeamrtavpioefnworenotthfsetahmnediirxmttuoarxjeiocriittysae.dlfd,ittihveescohfapthteer mthiaxttufroel,lotwhesiralfsaotecoinntathines
(.*-1-41
-r.
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
COMMON SYN O N YM S:
Automotive gasoline Benzin M otor spirits
Petrol
CA S R E G NO: N IO SH NO.: 8006-61-9 LX3300000
M O LECU LA R W EIGHT: Not applicable
Air W/V Conversion: (25C) 4 5 m gto3 1 ppm; 0.222 ppm 1 m gta3
65-1
CH EM ICAL COMPOSITION: ADDraximate ComDosition
N-alkanes Cycloalkanes
Benzenes and Alkyl benzenes
15.0%- 17.0% 3.0% - 5.0%
20.0%- 49.0%
Branched alkanes
Olefins Naphthalenes
28.0% - 36.0%
1.0% - 11.0% 0.0% - <1.0%
REACTIVITY
eesaahiSpGRhfSifmgnllpxvclaeueeaakenaacipeoarzvcmmdaaosigcaoltlehtsocvloim,nrmximriftolsedeaiisgiiGpiocndaansouloeahiarbba,eanenbunsltsmelnlslaesomie,eaayidbtrneuosltwawkal,gmdrrnenmpcliaahac/sltoaocoelhyspnewhioitetnlrersnydaeeedsiscserdtereseehiihvkixftrdtnixrallhyosnespooaedaplu,gaploplrrmtvilcroarisfceoeeeacethoesesamtdrstahiaorceetoivlhoweeaclxlxaeieycetnv(abpniilio5atdterloemlmehehm1etenoemmnva,ssatiapsagtosas,misetn5ontaacylenwQrsovdiendwtsrtxtorieeli5birabelhtnast,oahiehldsih.lenhglnnsat5inaenmretgzoe0wrtayoNxmoaox7eecitnprocvuit,od,tahcdduhgxeiansylulg5ficiaolo-zidcsow1otchsruorri,ieir1xsoneyneixhzsdioni),nmsgdefigde.u.udiegirrancitb,slsamizoarnatzuisTcigfdteirnidaeslaininexehunogsrterngeapti.enesobbortc,aoarsoaxmltNgnispeHoinlineoemciurFsneidnonag.gr,aPoerctsaphysr,irtAondo.aorissflci,erse.
CPHHDEYAMSTIICCAOA-L
FOFBPODClhrooecddapeynillooslooieshsinrrrisnzi:ckte:egaTPyd/lM:ohCPCicrSnhoeoue0tiatlsalpn.t:or7ht,tare3oP::cld-2leodt41esei36:pnsLr8.gtei0is.:t/qn000tomiud.0c2NtiLipd5ontao0og(l(eaa3dp2ott8a0pbn.t24mr20a0.og000wr0CaCCnd)C)eor
(60) ((((((656663490000,,))))6600)) (60,506,507)
65-2 CPHHDEYAMSTIICCAOA-L
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
LHABVVSSSSFauooloiiuaeaostlirg46372C3gnptuldcmcfor.7...3roooba.o6376Aa(imyls0rec0ingO05.0Cdilf'd0e0%stnicEaEEEePtcyos0.iby.TotL:rCn+t++)EaliF:reeeeba0o0i0nspna+,nwy0n(042so.cL2vs0.uil4tvWina.iTC-ra1mooC1m5oWretrn3eo1aAloimm::iduem:ettnaisesytmfrcstp:orf12Hn:pNtew.m:.e..:.er::9g64,oi/J1(tN0c./3a4PhId.8m6m(022dEnt.oaa7e.805-aos5grpt+1207Etol(dtr0ea0.E0ai3.l5aa+Etn0u(28t0id-taC0dob+a0ett21nCi)lt4to0)ne0oo2)1gtt0Coo7ot.C)o1n)-
(56006,,550047,) (5511,06,0513,507) (1932) ((6600)) (60) (See Table 65-3) (See Table 65-3) (See Table 65-3)
PINERSWTSYHIASSETTTEEESMRONICLE-
wsfhedGVfgiaimnmaroxnriyeooasviiopddgplacdlmossuearrhoto.rencmhaotralaeittpdcietrlbpenoiaiarwoogzdldnereleneasalebdtsuottthrotioeoitfaooyrblnreafstdeny.d-btepmwdr,ealeoreyesneiBpvcegpcosadhasiprarriiotelgoroapoehsdgnbnbdtrcoeroetoisiaeirraofgnoinsnaiesalurxgcssdtdtaenaieio,pdosmdanndxs.onartatwtiuiotdetcteriauiiaSaronnofeatnontaunentxioddciorrmlpareeefnaoaelgsrmpon;fscscashtdepateetnnhgoeryniiaarlbtdssslvoteospebmsiuiaoooxiirtelrlstladxotoliaensinesnhthldnybdgloemiayaastgrer,-tvthsaeuhoeeiuerndneonymcberntaeodcdbl.as-uxtn.raees.lirport-oueirplccennDrvyiPaoocfneioraentnllagilbeywcrsgdru,doeosenitminltesawitsdtootoeaenbinrdssbidcleee
PEAXTPHOOWSFUARYES
wTsgagusotrnanahriodsdulteuo/eecglnrdrtpriudnegormrrreiummeowansmuyaaa,dnrlta-cryedwyeearsxapusdudpttasieolreofttrrhfiisnunaiwusnksggyraehieesnyiatsngtetl.hoaamwrinftnVoikaochuiastsnoagepnlohrtaeochrxtresesispuroolanopmnifrlsprgiufoealgerirxmnreoepasdsmspotlifisemoalrutalsnohsirkgm.eweeorsdaef.Hlltelgeoaiareakissniosuntpliosgininelgleeeodstftoitohnis
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-3
HHEDAAAZLATTRAHD
Signs and Symptoms of Short-term Human Exposure:
scmGr((l5h>euas0e5rpsm0r0oi_-re_0il1_adci_00nta_o_0esl_prp0_pyv_pe_anpme_f_pepca_)uo_hmi_lrmm_u)_ar_ioan_sen_yd.m_ai_tc_ami_IaCsy_n_,ue_Ngpns_p_eeSrt_usao_tlc_lddmi_oo_uec_monp_ocn_erna_aa_ef_nrfsua_lys_dnus_ai_dseno_ahd_nts_id.e_pn._emig_ar_L,H_aat_host_iit_wgao_afhn_nrg_dvo_g_vamme_ap_r_apoi_yn_or_gr_c_la_egl_evua_v_esi_tele_,s_ls_
Phtoermotlhooernrgshekadigne,c,ocnaonntadjcutnkcimdtianvyeaydadenfadamtmasgkueic.nouaGsnadmsocelmaiunbsereainsdeeisrr.rmitaattiitnisg. Certain individuals may develop hypersensitivity.
Acute Toxicity Studies:
TLTLLLILNCCCCCCCH^^lmMW^o,,ALA923323(1N0020,03T2(000,05ee55I,,,u,yO000000pre00-000pNo40000mit,m:r5ommmmr0xgi0it/gggg1cma////immmtmmht3iyorJ333g()n5/m)5555005mmmm03iiiinnnnp0-p6m0)min5
MHuammamnal(3(55014)) RHGMauuotmiun(sae3ena50(p(343i5g)5004(43))504) Human (3504)
OLDRMAL: 13,600 mg/kg
Rat (1924)
EPGCINLpleAurPaoTaeelRrnndATmgcgoeCnio-dtnTaon-o--nxaeggicrrseaGNNecmyyusvni.roo/tfi_iNcvodfnnc_iEhueiecee_tDanfpoiy_efnnaacaen_BgCsestca_tssaett2lii_s:iesaeggn:_svnn(aDs_pieeLhind_Crfddauidie_otmchmna_bark:ic_ataotiie_ebndnod_Nlsnniiec)_n:eed_yhgiaa_nuatdn_hatmia_iamvma_aleanar_atel_igsoc_ecana__,orn__nclpd_e_ifrna_l_ioido__cndgt__aiuet__ndonc__gxee;___qisc___ui___tay___t_e__w___i___th__
65-4 PRHEACN(4AD5U,L5T2IN)IOGNS
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE sgoHPproVaegnrcAgeidlfpelioecseraiortfoenetsdtlhpyheiesrwrkraeiitpntohrirsocaotgpednurcetoitadqibvceuatelabintwiceleliiotstvyhtehfonotirnhtfigelegayattlieiosqoounclpiio.nrdnee.tvTsa.ehcntetrepraoCrlNeohnientgmroeilidec,al
ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCRCITUEPRAITAIONAL STANDARDS AND
AIR EXPOSURE LIMITS:
StaAOndFSaOHrdSAsHT(W8-Ahr(T8-WhrA):): 303000pppmpm; ;STSTEELL(1(51-5m-mini)n:): 505000pppmpm C riAANNteCCIIrOOiGGaSSIIHHHH. RISTDTELLLEVH:L((N31(80o5---nhmmeriinneT)s):W:tabAN5l)0ios:0hneep3dp0em0stapbplmished WATER EXPOSURE LIMITS:
DrNinokniengesWtaabtleisrheSdta. ndards EPNAonHe eeaslttahblAisdhveids.ories and Cancer Risk Levels WNHoOinDforirnmkaintigonWaavtaeirlaGblue.ideline E PAH- uANmmoabncierHintteeraWilothnate(e3rst5aQ5b)uliaslhiteyd;Cariutetorimaotive gasoline is not a priority pollutant.
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-5
ENVIRONMENTAL ANCDRIOTCECRUIAPA(CToIOntN)AL STANDARDS AND
A- qNuaoticcrLiteifreio(n35e5st)ablished; automotive gasoline is not a priority pollutant. FtOhoielr atdanosdmteGsesrateincadsweoad(t2oe0rrs1s2ut)hpaptlye:mVainrtautaellfyrofmreepfertormoleouilmanpdrogdruecatsse., particularly from For aquatic life:
- Tcdoeonmtpoinrnousteterdcattfelsodewvheri9ga6hl-hismouuspcroerpLttaCinbtilisfthryeosutholwdoaibtleseraranendddupcmeedtarroaicnhheeumsnpdiecrcaeildess,-f,otheldae.chlowheasvting a - eLfefvecetlss otof othiles boriotpaetsrhoocuhledmnicoatlsbeinatlhloewseedd.iment which cause deleterious - vSeugrefatacbelwe aatnedrsasnhiamllalbeorvigirintuaalslywferleleasfrpometroflloeautmin-gdenroivne-dpeotrilo.leum oils of REFNEoRrEefNeCreEncDe OdoSsEeS:available.
REGULATORY STATUS (as of 01-MAR-89)
P roFmeudlegvsCOa(ra3oanalitr5uedlley1ardaP)cnedn.exrRedoiWspceEgtaeggriafntnraufteeglmedlguaariosesnstrioeAngoiutecnarostslrcniemeus(ntdi,ChtdeaaWeestnirigotdAynntp)haeseetffefloodgurefencnoioneitnrldavsuatlesanntpndrtrydieogat(nrrr3edae7asla6stp3eamn)o.eedllxnuitgstaturnieidtngseulaiulnalnmetdisoo.esnrtsLtafhilomlerpitCnoaWeitniwotAns raA6TMmfren-omomupadxmsrneoitocturnrdittftciSehauhmasucecnttebtiuirtnsivhPrtetteefaeyeforrnltoesbrrvcrfmoaefeanllensinescnzeudtCegu(msn1ropo9eoanrs8ftIntoon7rdcc(x)os1er.itlosu9cistind8Autoc8yertco),est.pg.moee(tnTfuIrTinteoctSatshliegettCeriyueniA.nmmCgi)c9.TwirtheyaiIlpe,rltoodbcCmreoet9vsanectsfmiloicrosnautphsdcsmtytuiodoecbfnrnteeoetdcaitssahlurbyobtbylobmtoxottnaiihlctuiteinfeteryednad,ecastiton
65-6 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
eOEtixmmcpceopu-slpwouayretieeigeohlnietmaexldiptSoa(asSvufeeTrrteEyagLtaeo)nd(goTafHsWo5el0Aian0l)ethp,opsfAhma3cl0tli0nn(poaOpntSmyeHx,8cA-oehr)eoduara1wn5-o8mr-kbinoduuatrey s(h3o5r3t9-t)e.rm ThlHaahbazezeaalriDrnddgeoopuuaassnrdmtMmataetrentaerntriasioaplflowsrThtTrairactiahnonsnpisspo(ors3urt0atb5atj)iteo.icontnhtAoascrtdeqe(suHiigrMnemaTteeAndt)sgafsoorlipnaeckaasgaing, StatmAAssNeptlaLPoelWtrcDLeseiatfWairStsceettTRerrgnsAiusnuPlThgamr(aeEtsoienvegoSreterniacscaWm,rdciestraoeiitpttreheitraree:idraE.xbEpyPToAnhsuaerrsAreeamtLsibtviaimeetenirtstsefhWseaervacettenieocrpenrQ)oomuraasubliltytghyaertieCerldirspittarienodrgmidaiutthialognenadateldor sAAaunlLradfAsak1cSa0eKhnwAagasftLearnsfoar(3q0tuo1at6tai)lc. alirfoemcart.iitcerhioyndroofca1r5botnigslLinfforresthotaalndhymdraorcinaerbons AoArrRk1Ka5nAsmaNsgS/LrAeSqmuairxeims uthmatwohilenanddiscghraeargseingshatoll snuortfaecxeceweadter1s0 (m35g8/L7).average wwFFlLaaottOreeirrdRssaI((Dnr3e2aAq2vu0igi)ra.etsiotnh,aitndouilstarniadl gurseea)seanndot5 emxcge/Ledfo1r0amllgo/Ltheinr CsulrafsascVe wMMoialaAtseaSsrnaSsdcAh(g3Cur4sHe3ea2tUst)seS. EroeTfqTpueSirtersoltehuamt tohreigminaxniomtuemxcdeeisdch1a5rgmegc/oLncinensturraftaiocen of wNNaeEbtBerraRssAk(3aS7Kr1eA9q)u. ires that petroleum oils not exceed 10 mg/L in surface kNNeeErwWosYenYoerOkiRnhKdasrinsektinag mwaaxteimr u(m350c1o)n.taminant level of 50 ngfL for
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-7
iPdnrtOdMsheuoeecneamprnmedrmrbasoipeoienninroihtaenesaidgtadbc(Prupci3aotrhmup0etofamle9dpitrc)keiumt.aencnhlnxtgaloaiectowttsseoinsvnpsfaeutbrRoocyeiwrhrengsephsaecxtheuanhhenysroeemspcmhithecpmhaacitcelatlao,ayerfngldricdneaohcnremcoeSeamnecarptsnoncihtcrvmicineaetitrsuposlueoegeoaonnnerurrtmnitneessbgadse,uisansoAmlrtlataeocrutostgaintroicwaconega(aensMerllc-nleiotpfPosnarrxRsttaooihapcrSctmeiheAydatsieelnns)ycredaaasnnttoisng.ens pSSoeOturUtohTleHDumaDkoAptrKaodOhuaTcstAsaiwnastuerrfaqcuealwitaytesrtasn(d3a6r7d2)o.f 10 mg/L for all hVVyiIrdRgriGonciIaaNrbhIAoanssainwagtreoruqnuda-wlitaytesrta(n3d1a3r5d).of 1 mg/L for petroleum P roFpeodseeNgWa3Wdrrn8aooy5dYlRuo2pOPenmC)rg.rdMloiuoa-npgwlsIgaosrNatasihtIeGmoeIadnrssasrinasedgwrueHalqatIuetriigrorenqodsuuanatlodrite-ybwpesaettvaneinrdrsdti.nuagradl.Ilnyoaffrde1de0itoimofng,o/LiCl lfaao'nsrsdsIugrrdefoaamcseeesw(t3iac8t5er3s, StateNoWpatreorpoPsreodgrraemguslations are pending. tpMMChrheoOoayspnStobgTsseeitnscaSogtTaemrsAceehTaaprfEniernSgoaiejnlse.cttthoeCdeothnpfoetrairorcct1er9sews8gi9utoh-lf9a0ttrihoe(evn3is6ssit8wna3gth)e.itchoheffiwirciewllraftioselrlaodpwvriosEgerPda.Am'ss wanhden
EECsoAdccaDtDuhDaoqripiisbergmurricpcraseeahpgrioecnctnaorcoiittolrcootpiu)hvgigdurvneeeaeoiniendsanlfdscooivstinhegcnitortia,henoomrrneGmngsgetsremecuhuraoootesbiesumaunuunsngaDrtopbteodqeidosnls-au)t-uWginaawcdrnodntoaaeidofccuttesmreeeomnserrraidtnnegesn(-vdehrawid(i.raa5nreaantl3o.osltlo,eu8nepgcbovr)bmheeiiesaonls(etsssiiant.acpaenatprhk.,ncp,yeoeedsrrwnsrutocoohibopwtubyslhepayshtdroatritricucmneiooheotvccnesmeeampmnsriptentbbharwooyercuiohnrononrfiudslcodcagivhrorsithismi,euaopcnpgntotstrrhsruootsiechhueehrsinsb.osdiutegodhr.
65-8 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLENE
wpslDPaureaikrorttefredeasorcu,csltecei(veu2inoem)hfsoaiutmnrphcmrpehoFafduiwrqsutlhauceaitatnefsnfrgdetmeicoWtttirueesscasftttioanetrnhrbmofaliQettshcubt"o.haehaelytiypitdny.rrgeossc((ea15onr)3nbt6foo)intnrh"mestaabalsmetvdeoisnstiioobdflefawisnfhaidltmeacrny-odcpn,oriu(nt3rhisd)ees and TDptthhrhieeoreyedscumhmtceiavaelnlyefadisnoahvnotiotswrtibbyhheleiescphpQferiluchemiasafelisicontayhnttaiiRortnhmneeqssfhuusfelioulrrlreefffidpasfehceocettfrwsooSalfoehtenuterhmlltefihinswhehysasudtWhcerehroalcltafaqeinrsurbhdsao./nontr(si5tai3sep7sd)eecapisfoytsoitthaotn cwdcbDOaoainehisrarrdcigcsdce/hatiohcinaansrtrlcoioivhggoswheesaedauarnolootegosrenfegredooestmtrnhfhiwseinsehs,suitsuteoiobDhmorsosinitgsuanuacanbltsnhantscnaapfoteoardnrpsgnoidhoesdcwaoruershorsddapiffsecuahi.rnhDctaihtevtaoAhoeenwsradgg,ivaszreyetfpaorresteuoortaitensomurm,nddsot-elaeweSfloqrreuuafortumbteimazetrsorettiihr.raocmioynuad-eecslnrmeewoesvmbcfiafraeiteo(srre5csnbrti3csomoo5nonuo)esnrnn,atttpisrnhiptecelesairetnnsanastotloet wccqsAaaDuoonnuanicmmddrasyhetn/ppoecptiwo.roitnhtiuuyasvednnt,seniadtdsnoleposlsla,a;nottc(asuilwoenoeTrsamndieotd,,hxopoeipofccfcshuotactymaanerhsnbrdciepdtlicsianoa;smiuoDlhnognmeaaredttngnhneosadgnox;incetdiccc,riscehyoo-faaeuahfrnnmesnadicuddliWtocnedsagssd)aaile;etnnssercethgsthetaecahsarolukrleomsiarnu(eksc5pdgset4oeaeww2ufrnpoi)nahdsrdtsaiictsadceh;rrsisesocppcamihonrnorraosdcoditdlniumuocgdorceipfienogostgif,lnhyshepcuooyhcflcehdlniscols PaDSlat(ptahshrcueeiobeeectrtbleryorevslcoCorcietlalndltaanleeiragansvutuessnscemmsir)ecfci.efsieooeigacnanduw(anns7ltdiitda8atidhoths7eieccn)orofotnelGaahaPdsllem.aatcstpmpaaskBrrriraaefoeigbpddcccilaiiaaenessrdtutgtaiiisusolltulelarinaaobne.ttonssdeetPfsssaoLantau(wchaenctkiexbledtiacshenvgllteuaiiahfnnddrnleaggiidiasnirnhboagallnferatpdtheDbhoceeioLasonlusnimDatnebgsbigpjreeueboerlscsiseochnteiltudtaogiitvslwooleaonPbsfp2reoa1rmDecfepdaokldaaoontaerttongggiahrneiertengirerfogioeunntueoasCslns)d EPh(E1yrEE7doCC9pr3oo)chDsaaairlsrbefpoconrtriosv,paeolsuCsbe-odruPicnrtachonipalttosDstaeihdnreedcdthuivymedrpoainnuglitchoefflucDirduusmdeaptionsielg,aopbfeetWropalresouthemibaitteSde.a
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-9
65.1 MAJOR USES AND COMPOSITION 65.1.1 Major Uses (Cbf1riool4lnmi0os9Gnu)cm.argsupaodltlleiioonnnpeseoitsirfnoagl1eav9uso8mol3lai,tnaidelneodbwmyunismxeftrduootrmoperroianvfecpfihpleiaaacmlklleymscaoainsbnlsaetuhmfliiusqpeuctloiidofuonnrhtoyridfynrt1woe1rca6nasrabblaioplcnlpoisomrnodbxeguirmasivltalieootdennlsycehin1nig0e3fi1nl9ye7s8. 65.1.2 Composition nocbboe-efa:mnQlzkpAe4aon9ntuso%eeittsosiC,omatn,aon,ondtae6dixnv2apde3%lrk-g5wey%asalisbstlehoiepdclnihbynzaacoeesltinoilciiepasnslehgkcrayaocpndnemodrneiopstncu)ot,awpssree1bfdti%rogoonhom1sttf%ob(sa2ey1p8vn1p-cea%3orrp6oamh%xlotpilhhmeouabfuailnrnnteadendinlcreyecscdhh3aye(0t2hdde3ygr2Caodo0clrrkayo,taroc1nbha82oera4sbn1s,3os0b,,n1es521Ce-08ni1.%4n79%rGt)e.htpoeeno4rer9trae%andlgeto . caaghleoraciagonhsdhmotieelelTyiadvnnhtetviegecataarihcclssiseooaoopnnblirhcltnieeenaeeqnnscauerttindisrerdiaanerotsdeciaeuodrdrtineue,nascfctsererheooxdedemfp.aessafcper8Frtoe%oeoimcmndrifaioie2tnctxco2icat%h1abmy9cned8opeci0rnnloeoltm,tece1ovana9erest71ble0s1worv%enoietflsonlforiiiu2nnnmm7nc%iold1rner9eiagfea8fdi4sensveereade(v1r2fneu9ig3rat8ra1ibtt0gs9hlyoae)ea.lswrinaondaslteisont1phea39oed58soj%4aaul;msvs,.taapeiasdllOvaelsebeltreioalaafidirtgneyeedof cdocamaooxuuiasnmytttnhogciplyomeeTlaonrnhnostst-eeiotrctsi(anoiv2oitn-ena3ihntond2aygndi0iddvans,arisridotow2neaucl3sgieaai1nfdrlrc1oeeubocr,eowomrs1nvmeh8papbe4rcpoourio3uoroetm)ntnu.eadeospdrnnsoTegtlnbysaahmuesbaontotvlurelfteinacsnhg.c6obeea5sels-qT.eqe1ousnhulsaiPseannudsineemtmeettiritthptmamoeiaoctleaaivertsvruyeeteaidomznbb.fed-teesadsceiuLtetonnalrhamfieurwlcviegrhegeae-dahr,mvrtevanadaaidcijialrtasoitvristebraotairliltiglielcilazloeaoaetnnhbntedes-ylsc,esdebimarrns(yonn1uacdts8scyrae4hariva3ncbela)eors.shonaeellacevomynetanitn dbimeempurusAolevsudieftrioefsom,rrsao.ntthitvAieoesxeligidsaptasunoortlfspin,soeomsemaesltesaioslopfcdoretonahvcteaitdiicvnehadsetomairnisnc,Tuaclmaobcrbllreeaorss6sioe5osf-n2saa.ndoddritsiipcvieenscgifuiicsnehdcihbeaitmsoroicsca,tladsnetetheartgemnatsy or
65-10 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
COMPOSITION DATA (%TAWBALVE) 6F5O-1R VARIOUS GASOLINES*
Hy-dnrQ-oAclakrabnoens
QccC,i,o-C^
Leaded* 120021.....38620
Unleaded* 100131.....78260
USnulpeaedred* 100021.....42299
BcQra,nched Alkanes
cCQ,, Q C10-Q 3 CQcy,cloalkanes Q
1922217......777063 0.5 301...960
12821115.......1209801 031...640
6881111.......7126242 300...022
Olefins Q
1.1
1.8
1.0
ABTXEroetoyhmnllueyzanelebtneniecseens zene QCO^t-hb-beerennszzeenneess
3453521.......5496620
3461....2864 427...726
4655711.......4740846
Unknowns
7.8
6.6
13.8
a) Reference 2320
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
GASOLTIANBELAED6D5-I2TIVES'
Anti-Knock Compounds Headed gasoline! TTMeeetttrrhaaymeltcheytyhcllyollepaleednatda(Td(iETenLMy)Llb)manganese tricarbonyl (MMT)
Lead Scavenging Apents Ethylene dibromide (EDB)b 1,2-Dichloroethane
Octane Enhancers (unleaded pasolinel tMEM-Bteehuttahhtnyyalolnlaot-llbcouhtyoll e(tThBerA)(MTBE)
Antioxidants T2BN,ru6,iNt-eyDt'lhia-aytDlelkeidaynllemkayetnletpdhthryae2l,mn,4yei,tln6eh-entyreliddaailinak(mmdyloipdnnhiemoesnneoothnlsyyllpphheennoollaste)
Metal Deactivators DNNNi,,,sNNNal'''ic---DDDyliiiisssdaaaelllniiiccceyyy-llNliiiddd-emeennneeeet--h-cplyy,r2lco--lpdeotaihphneraexondapeinyademliedaniimnaeme-itnrieniaemine
Ignition Controllers Tri-o-cresylphosphate (TOCP)"
Icing Inhibitors Isopropyl alcohol
65-11
65-12 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE GATSAOBLLIENE65A-2D-D(ICToIVntE)S*
Detergents/Dispersants
ALLLLPooloooklnnnnyygggg-laisccccmohhhhbiaaaanuiiiinnnnetepcnaaaalhmlekcrooybiasnlhompeoxphsiylhnasleitecenssoalcsids
Corrosion Inhibitors
CPSMuhaIlroLfbso-ponIxh-icy2ol5riac0icc1iad7acs/ciQdidsPsL-25017e
&-< bca)))
References 1409, 2325, 2326, 2327, 2328, 1847 ACsomcipteodunidns2a3d2d8ressed in other chapters of IRP Toxicology Guide
65.2 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS iwcMlthanirhlmyiaialadpltcinphrhtenyetIoaeendocetroaitlm.cettfrhbomboatieroshneaenendrcsdtehehsaipxaasyrterpcadoeeautnnmretsdocesrsaicdo,ivtotamihtenrchhebmeeehoornomynefdvnd;saiiirsrtnttcscoohyohucnemaasdmbsrrarioiabveojetcoonenahtrnrtdseassrepceloiroeasffatmtniairdscdtotphdselroeietetonhsuifeevfeeemcnenirgrtsrvtiasefoibwsr;udnoeoeithllnltlihosaonm.efnveetioteohTnhhtnretahevasveipirlnJreeePobglcsebn-eeio4vfhnmeiiaeclaec/ennarvghnatlirlaotlayoasprduedltbdcnoeibestrdrficeeo-uahsgswnsdsiaanseasdvsidtcoorioeeoelnrfpirssntrstsheoeehyoedvfsefwsi.toeteiJhulmlPess-lby4e woctttsohhuonilenesldcctspeehdeTipshneitrcsetytarsirssboinooaibllcsitfevelopiseoccottnohor(hmntsteehdmtoaoaurecnimfseghcdraatibqanhlnteudaergi(iatanaceictngnkosioosnldnyfttn.oorsbrat(biiimonTntoyiuslhalpoecttifogsnhihooriteecelntsmlaefopfdloowie)ecffcriampncttilnorhgoiooldseraprsietvcpfeiibaunirrdllitaeglluosielpealdgiosiwldnrglioo"gtiylcoluwfa)a,nsvetslodaahaultran-eirhwyncdfetacearwiocomticeneinntoargsh.wsyn.t")isat,tbTtuitimbeehet(rueTneemsethssnrawooi.estnrrhsldebateSewterooidrdveirmmilesllftleeiedailsssmnescspcoaesensltsnprsofdrtorienotuaumogsdnleeyindntgs
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-13
ainnvdolbvreeda.)kup, and differential volatilization, dissolution and degradation are all
65.2.1 Transport in SoO/Ground-water Systems
65.2.1.1 Equilibrium Partitioning Model
whabtsappahpnyvlauoiketeddeslrhalicrrpusaniaopIofttdgenociarhscssaeenfeeo,grssthrotebecswhbynonfyoeedaitcnfentidsrtlrrshoeaoasertaspcralohsl,aeomkigaeerllrssnaaabotospctnsdioniiioaornlevng/nnleasggesid.,inrsrbicwtooeachoeupintalenhendhsadcypdaesesdaas-nsenprwerrevlotaostseariicsmrrcctaoaetoltetiaderferntisbtodimi,otbotnchnrsnysfeseaio.r,snnnoui.stlgamssaTonpiwlTinohdoltagafterhratbwtsleaeraeolrepneenw,drasseep6potaexhso5mqneoipwr-cudni3iteiliantflcesiyoiaictcbondsnefoirdedltcnifaneuoocauhdtmtmreiityornfod.ptlitomeophrorswoaaaTuoscrvttnpthaitcheioadiveroetnnsbeihnopsosicwnggtoneehoiahlernneefstrectgcioerlrotbtalahenimsocmntdosshiieoesloooi,esdabhnn,sseaiysgesllidin.o.togeprcyr.fooio,Foacitnunothaeprtradtbnhtooehnfes
woslalpiaoemontlhiswihitdpapslhe-shovrwtneEraiahnetatshpaaagifttcanonnieillminrrdttghrCdaiypapsb,a,todt)hrvelimleronsaauaocagsibsnclfeeyaoioadswlbiirsribltsalbayeeftotor.aoheronflrlregeosmsTaosramusanh(lClenttaieiricxsymct4aaphacn-tbphleeauksceyoCprrytddrbaole,iotr)mtroda,boemtnndcpew)twiaton,nohrtrizaaotbitbechInaponnhestnnsiefotgsslihasiomnarlyfiwtiohsedpfuiriainrorcnpcvodraahtgrecthtnieaaaceedgtrhadnrsraibti,ptceogecoteuhdtfencreotndeeohcrrrdeceimazpt-anttwowephttdessaoaeboogotutebiroeelfnlorpryrsdwb.pitsesih(oreoos;cietr.nlgohsuvhnemobinPtasliavaotllaiiiaetlrptneiipxitnlhieciipontzsuariegtatolhciaatnpctiennreoirdno(dneswpgso,satseitrouorlito-agiotrnwlinhecbstatautehptiahlreoeanearrrdntly
sfrIeonoqerrlueptiahlltoIisiibnswveressiiusincotomtuafielpargtappcaicaoorsirnnetotyt,cliiietnntoinghoeftnertti(ahnhshtpegeyisiodlesmnlrsoso,roilced,l(aseberutalehblkltewooisnrn,woeguibmtlayudimqnxfutduniuleeslooritrtneugbgbrsweoetsuohoruaneelpuldmdpbpesliomiltmcriotaeorbybva)eslegrpeoee.aafdcstteathasnhekaobtscfu)olttkmhmhiesapflyoumsnoiedoeixlndcawteenslei.dtdihstLthvthaheaerlegidefuoenl.ly
veTmfaoxhotlpeaelee/tecOcitxltyuivepzpldeaaoerrtsaituooolwrlfn,eebs/igfptgerroihoolxvltmuiucn(alosndtlulihe-oprwreghfaayaasbcttueleciecrrhsfva.atusopc.netAdsecuroeitssbrntl-teyhfsaxoiuimnsrprgefipsnacesoctavoieetneidi)lrto,aicntsloiotnboobsytffahepmatohtaauiernlldsteaiicacgtobusenmtdleiafspirmwcooamiienmtnnheetptniogrotoesrafnmtseaitondohnlviecnTatesheela, absphctliroyeneomdcn6crevpe5ois-ocrs3anorenfabonmrortensel.nsotwiasl
65-14 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
`
T A B L E 65-3
"
*
E Q U ILIB R IU M PA RTITIO N IN G O F SE L E C T
G A SO L IN E H Y D R O C A R B O N S IN M O D E L EN V IR O N M E N T S*
%U N S A T U R A T E D T O P S O I L '
SA T U R A TED
D E E P SO IL"
%
COM POUND
H exane Isopentane M elhylpcnlanc Trim clhylpenlanc C y clo h ex an e Benzene T o lu e n e X y len es Trim clhylbcnzcnes N aphthalene
L g K,,,
3.90' 3.37' 3.90' 4.87' 3.44' 2.13'
2.69*
.3.16' 3.65" 3.30'
IC
3,830 900
3,830 3 6 ,0f)0
1,330 65 240 700
2,150
962
Hc
1.68 1.36 1.69 1.9-3.3 0.18 5.43E-0.3 6 .6 E -0 3 7E-03 5E-03 4 .8 2 E -0 4
Soil
77.5 50.3 77.6 94.7 91.6 88.1 96.5 98.8 99.6 99.4
W ater
0.1 0.3 0.1 0.01 0.4 7.1 1.9 0.7 0.2 0.5
A ir
22.4 49.4 22.3 5.3 8.0 4.8
1.6 0.5 02 0.03
Soil
94.1 79.1 94.1 99.3 84.8 21.4 52.1 74.4 900 80.2
W ater
5.9 20.9 5.9 0.7 15.2 78.6 47.9 25.6 10.0 19 8
a) C a lc u la tio n s b a se d o n M a c k a y 's e q u ilib riu m p a rd o n in g m o d el (3 4 , 35, 3 6 ); S e e in trod u ctio n in V o lu m e 1 fo r d e sc rip tio n o f
m odel and environm ental conditions chosen to represent an un.saluraled topsoil and saturated d eep soil. C alculated percentages
should be con sidered as rough estim ates and used only for general guidance.
b) R eference 652
c) T ak en from R e fe re n c e 74 unless oth erw ise specified. U nits eq u al atm mVmol.
d ) U se d so rp tio n c o e ffic ie n t Kj, = 0.001 x K,^.
e) R eference 29.
.
f) A rth u r D. L ittle, Inc., estim ate accordin g to eq u atio n s provided in R e fe re n c e 31.
g) R e fe re n c e 10.
h) R eference 31.
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-15
gdianadiccsdhlourlleodisnresiededdeai)ndindaocirttleihuvdeearesd:ds(eTrcbeOtseisnCoenzdPes,ninoteef,otrtttohahleeeutrheIynRsleePc,ltexTiaoydonlx,esniecoetoshfl,oytgelhetyenhyeGIlRudbPiibdenreTo.zomexnTiidech,eoe,laognagandysdonGleaiutnphiehdytelche.onamleepnoen. enMtsajor
65.2.1.2 Transport Studies
cgtlaaeaoltaalnnlsslkttoethasHnrieovnsuan)iirngcnceeadoegsrfasoebt1wldamei%nsatfiaoteooejrbnorfueerssn,ttieheotzcdsnoeotvunmihfinsoereamtroenbdnentdyrmrrdsicavneeinoodaknslflitpunauulomgolsnreccetsd.aatoeatttnirinoSoocgdinnercnarsoocr,npunedunrt(eairdo2tspm3figoid2sia1sne0espna)spo.cotpleesiinbnss,i1,ebt0auhlsenntemdodfriUoelaplrr.igeSgooetrn.rnooituslealinetnsegudktramosslgrleoaa(dd2rnseeo.6pluoi9connfutdesmgre;rasiresltaglnooinrotrldolinaynugeanueldmseodastt
6wscpstrhinouuoe0yoapbnbdltPglcsotseruraueuaMrrotonmrstrceuecefanfadaidaosnnsnrccnydyboaoeetlt-ornovfawanwdatmugtabinahwsrtstieihtcpeonraaehroeuiaprslaarinltrfnssrtisedoeo.egutsl-hnnahelpweoaeFynp2wacodvoltla.tee,fy5ireunni-ro1ndsylgeevi0eoxenc4elddacaaoeerruimnawbbgmhdt2prpyaeaae7oeesllmsdl0egmrons,i,alita0oiingessdOnld0aaeosdee0;orsstliioiggno(iodgblnoErnieuiaeonosDsltecduelmlihohnynBnanaii(dgn)td2srrM,-rgae3wtasopeamai2utmafroi2foattgyr)fegeonglait,raaceersnstiddoae1echodpn,l4nolei(doinnta2fnprreetn3equtsaond2e.uubammvd1bdlaioi)irMsndcn;no1oeitaveq9tawnititteh6tuvmiiaisroe9eeseptsen.ne2inmt(lrt0otl2taoEo03sspr(su1D2eec2tha9p3sno3By7u)spne2rd0eltlse0tr.rrihrtesee)oiaiaudo.sptctsDuluaiotwoitrsrrbnenoiebtenerfoteakdeohnnifentohsgapvreielralst
optdgsueoaunrfmresrdptovipehntDlireiioegnogrusunraeeuesot,suiuphentarnor,inesodtsdt,thcotheoorredesxreyesslaygeeeooggasrxifeelastnieedcsoen,oanrcisntmnvoiittvoifnraarlneatujmoeonenuonrisnmnsptfcve)aoee.sitrt.ndoistot,fmnmbisg)isyen,aavojbstaoerohanrrlsedaiqincclutoeaeyagmnlplnrayveoptniiurdoatoyopnf)nsfie,tumcnshnsotoeapcnsniv.totlitaeotatemTnlyanphidtcnoeiedoaafnrlt(retideeohfs.ilosgnetaeri.to,dsi(nevoeonesil.rtugvsgi(.bi,maerfin.loasgipuintt.coye,rm.r,fcptaevoaHcnTonnetl,thcaaeesetlnpiltroifil,taelfylte,veeasa.socehf
psawpp(1orrrra8ieiiolmtm4/ecgwT5raaersr)rsero,.siyaalueytntnsfrhSsaabdeppitnynr-oeawseripedndptavoeatapreaetttephrltrmrwootmsarcooaylae.isyssntttt;(siheio1enemsen8sxug4scabhal6ttsu(anhm)e1svdeq8idoevu4seiben5ebpmliin,yohetotdiee1abnner8laysge4ttfrsmr8eahtaa,vhtdootearwse1apopd8tonuoih4ofgr6tentahhpr)o.t.aieicvtotbroCnFpceol;ooaohlmermtmoliaultopgpriomzrgaoolaeyessutrshoiintsiolysiidciongdnosninresmiiohsfdecrpiacxaaeeovalprtxiueanbnpeantocgesfdntceotesusthdrdepawrdgnteteoatolotrsetoesorabunalsbiewrneinnefdseearefaacottvthpercohaiemadepsrroaobeitroldisonnsor indicate that C., - C* aliphatic hydrocarbons are rapidly volatilized (2324).
65-16 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
dwcrimoeoalnwpteecanoUreswrnentbatdadrornaeuditrntnetddchsSaoirgersnovynpdu,eiiifgrltwilhaci)olahdntneahosrtuweeotqnhufutwohnalreiasnsmyartdti(iuttt1ieerem8ndas1dti1gevt,rdootaol2atsz2iotoao4iicnlnl3iscze,uiarn2mttetoi2soou5untl2latht,ht(eelei2on3lawse2noas9sditl)sepemsahpepnarpardmvreeeaarteatdoaertbeuhtoplrhoeroeergsrila,ztagenoysrdniueocrtbuat,spnhlutldhayhrt-a.efwsaoeacsioletteihslrr/uagebtmrlesomaatuaysonnevbdceoe-esrs
" ccdsgVanpooocaeeeoicanamrslluorscrtaaosbSolmtifemnilyonolarusimeltizbtllnemaraoeacdatawtsoae;ittreodetmieenemndtdsrhgpaieiedsooattnaooulnfttrsiasehlsegbs.lnp(seae2iitgfsdl3sgoloaau2rrlshoeio9ornarlu)aloset.inpennleidnacegdSa-lodswkoimpsaoslaneu(ptltbrd2boeeoie3fiornleteb2dienzfi0ebsfnne)iedtt.cdomhesiefreigomTnffntraradithoeosmconememicelsnioi.trenmrrnetteeashchIpsutenoceioenldddodtrtuaemutrdarafciaoenpnletaroicdecnaendortnsehnedoonimrtenafiaottlrosmeustfvvucigimcieantbhnlinleeasoatuwyontisbnrifaholyfgoneaingcafdYcahhceasgaahtonansthvldhsoiiafbgnorelncaaloeeiogmteniinannt(ler2itszara3otvaepmh3lastip0eniipidoe)neo.dnuarahtsoiilanlofiysnn
, v''
wtmoidia(nsoacifaispdcmgtstgoserhorooTurraleord.vfcthubihiegoentnedDhangdldoseeui-erosntwoeosgoafnauaqgetttttnsuroohxheoiirtceepfueferihlrnnforlhulaadcsoycaymsik-wtdveqewuraer.upaoay(eatacft(ioAelrlbabooOrutrelntaiesbscst(-tlotlilesOhtrnOnioosanegOOlnuopdsogossr-bhipirlnflOioaoo-flsiuwsOufretteysthanQamee.ledtmdesee-dirgwantToierynfahuiroanttsnebmuolet)ldenreepsedrtdtevheorfie-varlelawrelweercnusvacyre)atatta,ipietdtol(oesrio1nionorzfl8)nlmfsious1ec,nora1teociiereu)noavs.nhsnrcedteyrlwriudFdiscfehdstrraudiobioeoumrnlyrmctsvigeahneeetr,eddhtutbrthth/ephmoehbaewenmyethosacyrguohoroedaeldfrym,snrrg)dioete,ftaprhichrneololaeaeiedcinqrlcaagbuepcridrnoilnahbadointtreoyustwedneepnpcrraoshtdhntciaoeoacsrnnsuoeerf
(1811, 2329).
' "JssvhtMDhooeyerrrridtgppyoerruttMroaidigmvoctiihaienfgoifrrnincsbcaaairounttteiienlsidovtossniencs(mxil1estopos8ahw,meyf1rcss1outtbou)hemc.megdehhieguptltrneosioamsoattsvbieieloanseusnitnlmifacaiaohbfalsoflaytergne;hmrsbgyotoiedunnttrnhghrodeatrctthno-ahaweurreigabdnohtodetendpihrrpsoee.rtcrrcoeootvnIhiuoaintaosnanumfmsdsioosil,iniysfnlusosafoc.rrltoieoilednow-Pwxnt,ratraeemomitfnnceeiaktrrnyf,eaibcsnttoyoshtecunidescartouleemsrrdnosp.pititglrrisrooienacnawctk.dirhoieinensargseotehfstuhse
shig(na8ryt7edua-arnr9Ttoa4dechts%aetetrdr)tbwa,hosnareonsetvipselaesortne-rwisottoethifhtdlehucorbowunnlvgieottohhalpsamtoogthiiirrlnletoiizauaopetinnirdrod,ono-doswforutamcgowttaeeegsrirotr;lseooleihuwnleonfeswdsmwwe-eawnovaslteaseiratca,esullhrlmtlyoahsowreunsntpowltpi5egtl0iwohige%tahsb.ttaeeraraola-ilmspilpomhalhauotaitbsctitcilsce;esrnt(ehm1tpie8rra4eeya9lsyle)bi.pneahtraIdotntihmiscesdaoetlievcped,
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-17
woimilnmonawec,ptdreoeaiImraarnnttsocdeaesoldnseunrccmettbueamhmylmaeooagrfivrinrnaywsaalio,vttemiifitiaotrghaleonhetm.cittoopr,nhnahtytnyhaadssenmrficodosaircnolmcaaiardltapbeitesiodilntonlravnsiarbi.rryupeoataSfnitoouhmwrnbwcheseaouinslyfretsfdgafe(aLacscescaeroietelrlieaiternbaslaeeetelisalncossgeowepvnr)eaote,vapraaamodvpnrieiodnanrrtgataimiotctainaiaolvy,lonenrplgaeereadfenftmdueehcctoetretvosassatuligittorhrsofnoeafiumctnehpdeact
65.2.2 Transformation Processes in So/Ground-water Systems
65.2?. 1 Chemical Transformation
omsoetipmanlneopnbqfahaoorvspuoctopnreeihhethreailrNoolaoetoedv-ohyuwodnsbiexenausdmaeanidlgbfdltesvroeaes(nsayooinw2rttirstemaig-2tfittoss.vneu4tnoowmeih8tspflimeoHueil,ehsdcdir;beloao2eoes;nlgtnv2xwboeotree5ytaieellanrl2tvyn(verhd1ha)zszenoi.aau8ieamrellentd4rean,nispf5obceaatie,anplenshcsertd.bee1mhdtoor8htalipTaten4iosovemata8chxelebruc,yisiceechtlszh2besnisceeot2eeetomydexom5edmxyrh2nioispcg,yciplfranoeodas2eolnshtwlrt2cCuhaoiotkld5trretywchiy9eeaevaangd)onwresp.rtxsbuohtafwptyoerooidAgrnlrfisreatoeaolsbmhkndt6cliteaea4auaaorvsrn,ntctniroesitdeeompurldssaolnahba,aatofdhsotiryoblifitstyeivaifeooztpdpetnuaomtirgrlhohtyxtzooaienoeueiocmsddrtnsanoowepaoerlsobmteibsth(iinxetes,1ooiorietnl8nndaaoresz4senanulieen5hetdtbnuhilx)asoi.etamttkstnhoessaeenbnPlahpaaysetenlryhiiesnavetddnoooleertgtoobrrblelcaeaeyneatpetseerinoirorbsraanotllienlnyds
65.27.2 Biological Degradation
dhrdantmheniaiasvovetdvteurirreereerNidwbsfaoeaeodulsbltreitugesbeeatemrra,denraoirdivtlluasiehenspdteredieceiotroposnhtausfohsbepymr,epipstoemastelndbeitccavemraicaorgoirirtddsyrleioeeaeoouhnagndnmafmvrtaaavattteldoeiihohlnaacencytltbo.aodiblnonniresintdoTsoaic(odhmdo1iafenee8frigrenb4rdpran6oaaeibev,ntsdatilpi-rode2ardoonoe2teseilrn5oeagxt2munlrhip,samroeado2onrscif2uuettnhi5afgrpvgyel5ehiedrt,btriirtmoreea2ooosidc2clplta4pesoestr9uuerrpob,ctmitiaroahlt2lonnhs2alhsacee5n,ayesu3dnd.cam)ldhrna.foaNdnuschpdAnutasyto-grmeenfdrbiarvraeoreaeogromnrxrcoenaseatiu.lenrtsJwnagbePnsoixadiw-kntuv4eeasetlnlhsyfeftsaooareinrrvok;sdmesa, .
betrtftarhhhaailooiaepespmdiitilrhdaeHyaalrgdgyrtobirrieeemacibogodurniqadhoaanotuyedtdidtgiadceao-rlrgvbwnisaotropiadacalloietaatedtiecfydrtveriib.edlei,inotszhthndItehawnhysidvenadiwilgnrwdlabeoiuiltbnrcalihalpaaeellknhrrbihaabcncaeolnihotc,gimenremchmsedslp.aocyisoaodocinTnrnbrenodreithgoceoaneydnrtactcegesrthcllgaoiyaoocornmimanffibasadpigmpltolakioaeedcbsassntsenlirogeetgoelwitx,iroslhnheae;an.euirdnbaemaodirunbtfoss-lmhimmdAegno.eaalgaiwkcxnstrtioaIynmcuenlnsairoientcesaofasresinrotsabeslgohtaruuereregggadgesabgyacenoneilollueiysoiinprsttrfymsshadcilaetedsltthstythoeieeicarosrmdetomfsdelopmagcirenatmreoecearsdiosbdteroeseonf
65-18 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
rpfoeormssNaibionlceinargmdeciacohmaanpndoisnmPesneftousrdsourmepmpooonrvataseldcoubfltauncroteensr-,igarrloegwsprtoehwctctihov;melcypoo-(no2xe3ni3dt1as).t.ionVewraysfseuwggoefsttehde as a
foemanccocrtudiocArerhrrsleiatnshtsgehotouhhtwegaymthndrpsttoeehoccreatahortmrabuvoriaeeenbrs-p.aldebemigtoorataajadodrionafegpfmtfpeoaocsnpttduonlanuottniibol-iicnozosedn,ettgtahhrmeeadinnaaedabwdtieliidtstiuyosbnoasirtolresfaaitpneve.catlirulOaodblteeihulimetmryaneosnyeflveonicrxatoytiunvgrmeealnyellnyatnadl
.,. ,
coosaaDhorcvuegtnoetgiaourdvrInmiliantdatiydisonomsabtnauiteevsnsimx,oe,dtmnmlrtgowoeeawammtnrhsaytaoeelpi,ylnloHiyabnnbnf,ieeludoeodsldenolcleiwigtsomghcmreatoitaixttemmpedpmdWlapeeeptoctaaipeetnonlreeknebaddrnetii/roooouttsdrdfroeee.tatssgbhlr,roaeeeaLwadrfnpra(adeie2pntte2iirhodle5oyinng7luehva)uinvisrsmdsatoan.eianllroatihmntebycildeoetteynhxnroptatd(socteeiatc.weigrttovhbi.en,tedeohsnanmrtsffocuaeitcwvcnioorcodcmoredceoarpeunrbgrrgvolrieaipsarenitdoxnfiiomsnicgnrmemugpsmmet.nipctsro)os.bsiibaIltly
^ 65.23 Primary Routes of Exposure from Sofl/Ground-water Systems
.,i., geptthexarneposidoporTleseiunbnrhctrieeoiyeeaasactprbocoeaoutfsvhmhoetwirhguabdheiyailssyttc.ciooouvmnsososlpiiapLootonnitleeeTonnbfhttsiuefaytalstuverragaargpnnyeaggsteeithnsswfrfttaorhhyomeesmiyrsmmulpogooawgdtyeeesntrhtoatasitvahetellhiygafshotot.romthbeTsetiworhoahmencaavcgtjualoydrmriiasfucfobieoriarlmbtietienoypdntoinntpaoeontnthsdteoesnilto,iafalnd jscompSopnilelsntosf lgeaavsoinlignethwooseuldofrleessusletrinvotlahteilietvyaipnortahteivseoillo.ssTohfethfreacmtioornerheimghaliynivnoglaintile , ssggpatauhnrahtboesdauoussrstlnleaoiiotndtiwuolee-twnd,eiesradazttpeomoebxpprnoperelnoooeexrczfcotieumfetfnlohdatearehrstmteewowl(y2seaebo3mti9eieg1l5ruh.8%rlt)ets.TailaoabohlntTilfiepesvhr.hteeewhal,yetiititnchmwhsecoaoiotltb.muemirblopeTlrseohoeaulfenunrssdoadbeclslwutec;ibiooliflmlnnreabpoocceotnofinmocegeanapnrsstrotwouisneladideasnynrebbteusyefsplniwognrzariigemlatlnsvuadeirnatiyisslaleysnatoaoddalvsreeteodhpmeianarttaoitcethe
, "sbscdmpisueorerpormicegnfvaasrapkTereeuciamanahsnerttcegeeleeewyndowmlatoiefqattnfooeouithvtrefcisedarrtdoemanrinrscpecseukslshetnaposdhaottpl.isevafvleoeine,emmfdTdsrs,hgeoeohftavearileyssueecrdsommshbsuruliiirooelnlnfietcnvotgeisayernt,rmdgdobth(iih1eosfsoit7nnesnwaco3tsonemli-vnnov2cineogete0fdasvre0ggm,seoaritmmntiiosfonhouegnaeghnl/nirtLutndefeonldex-uoo(dwp2nwfrisao2ndeotts8-dohieuwgl7srferr,apeottist2asshouee.2rernpmt9tdiahs7icGusr-eol)wcaepr)uehs.toaasseutaprtgeFnonaperrdtdcuheesi-msraaauwttshlrahoeleayfyyref.tadrecmctimrrmehIooneaondcpwtnratieotsaearrhrc,mbttstheehoatriaahnnnrtetagpoteehfsattshoee
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-19
dbfsdrooiroomimmncoekenistngtbcigaecesnwoartlraneianctimerteireoaacnsltosui,moopwnfppahlotilihencuseehssnmeemtsaocayo(fyemat.aglhpsl.esoo,osnnereraenwesptsuahsult.ttlehtriansinl.einnhTeguhemasentaidpnoonmetexeenpxtthopisayoullsnruaaerlspesohdatuehnxeadilsetitonnsetfd)hoerebrymthfaielsheuxpaptnoadskuereosf
cbp--phtsgarttptooohooenapeerotllstnotenslmmuuaaperoowsczlleeoveeeGlfeeeninclfentnbcsnnereortleeotteusiseneotu.rvnnam,ius2aswebncclziin9ttlTevo-eneyeio-hbdnotlenng3rh,lohya-tnute2eewwroodeasts,%eaehdmrfarnabdttoitduotuistoheiaecorneonatlaraptnwtuthnanohtrweoasoitercdabrcnll,icanoroltootgxuaesxnhaboennoyrutybytmewsna.lafsaldnleineoe.menenirnztnnttIrhdoesienimetweccHinnatsexa(wahauseao2obaryttstecca.nwbeebelet05oicseurerndol5-euoneo.d9nz,vdusw,sre%wyesIeet3nnaenurmitom.tist;st,e1ednedhueptec5,edyihraogment,at,gtreegchosmofbaadieiutoeafnltnrhshsiuorrhloatrdioheledeerntynlurdoiwdnewe3oenosmsldteoa0tuleiheht,ihiuntseghnrheeorepcxsrhagorwiarafiyplnat.ltiiyndlimasirngthetrotsthhnu6IoliodsMooeen3idem-aofnasnhf%)ymread.tietgmthhpihp(hnmhh9oetr2eoalreooi5em3ayfenhmtcs%y1(ewgieelytr2n4oehnsdbeoh3)hss(etsrweew12oauohigda3i3mnclilcanoaatst1)oadhmt,bes3nrsiiwbiosacoen)bcce6el.aatnnoeoiws,hntntpnnsneeriz3iweeEetctsrtoex,rhaeicivonvoaptkontaaehmhedetlonttnnei,aroasotdssti5taaurinnsthtrstmwbrhd2eitteeooio0ihwhinscnnuhiaarel5pasgiinaeetrgn0tphoiseiohrtmrho0,pefnn.os,5opot,tbf
cdiiOdthtnnahoiiuhfnnftammffeakncuunpleVsassasoonieitonaintvinlnohgieeaenndexnttitwrihpntolpeisoehzpxiastpaedepsuhlnteltoooreirsiosdeo,ltunn,b.ihlrrreoaetaeeuothsTctsemfsehthhmoietgioaihosrlaepnvynsreesittdosothxhrlaidpaeicnoonnunooccfebcsnaloutfuhurtsrphdabrioolpymeiombdmndoneiigprernsncostsagaauuucet'utsohpanvresrrwwfaidoetabpycaaocoocordytentudhrifosriapseseipttraticeoesnilntvlisllktsashtytssahe.rpoi.lgtuefoiyurhlcIrrotsnatiuamovsottrioseileaulnblasnsebcgetuahoieilrnkttmfihhftociaynoetearc.hgrreseaeee.pisupEr,saonexiTrtngitdpneebnheeanoetrietstfrghuriiamcarveertaolasieonuunpssrstonlgooetmidriuflnstvorahgposrcymetloeoaigrabnsrtaoeyoieasslfige,olm.elainonrede
65.2.4 Other Sources of Human Exposure
dsprienckiDfiinacgtacwoomantperaomnaebrneitesnntomtcaoryneacbdeeniltyfroauatvniaodinlasinboloefthginaerstohcleihnaelipttienerrasatiuorrfea.nthdEewxIpaRotPesruTraeosxiwincefoolllromgasyatfGioooundidoean.nd
wopEa(evpxhmsempiircgpoT,hnlsaobirufryeerilecsiienfspaveignedtotocitlemnatniestovtexeiselrpeslavpyooninsefcd(uace2citriao3uenslm1rtae1pcamt)aolio.lotnuhfnctnwIraaitotesauielmsyestsh.so)pomtnlauhToroeleydebateirecveeboesxbaenpuvgacoeleaenkmsrnsdeaottpdgrelihienarnhamtdeciasiooivivnzsnnieuedascdgluebsagan,etreltehsbesrnatuasfetltiskelitlttosihihtnnpmaiegmsltasaenoattihenttfvdseeh,adiaarlfualuraanttoeoatsdsmimno1kasno.ees4rtrme1mivav,itaiaesc0vysse.geie0orrals7nefats3-pagos,trreleiiade0rontsv.nee0eissnc2.te6to
65-20 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE wovpinpophlemRiarctaahi(llte2eiaoi2ngCn8h<s3i,n)aa.dNnriedovIrindmtChuau,acClhshtyafuidrhldloriiyolgnichngoaeafrrh,b.gitsoahnAsoesowtle(inonx3pn0et7oeav4snauh)kp.rigoeohrfd-veugxoarplisunomwgsuaerrseesfestuaxeatplitioonnsage,dswtihna(egfsolemrp-rietseealdannonmdmcoiisnnneacurenvtnteilctsyre)atwstoitaoasntio4tn.o2
653 HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS 653.1 Animal Studies : 653.1.1 Carcinogenicity .:<-d.secIfpMsoctpg(teeotnAehxhoapefugmeainerrsmPdcb2enaomosicaroyIne0do.Mnleol)idi5tiednein.nsnchacsor6iAtceaotnrmasoitrtiRnsttipaotniephameioditnpemcho2noiexinucp,maoea4ngefpclonmlsais,,orelatntmr.soeebhxatmotrgcdyvissopeloeoofeeeeangfofnmodarbrBecetsrvol6yfvrhepn6aesmawo7idsttdoeCtdMtssu,,haruice3odasti2p1anaaonsFonyt0n9rtcdpcuiisi3s2Foiemtontaicnharmuinlfltoanlerreedoclrrielclogaecdryaayglirsadeeu12tnnoaiseaeaoh10dsdtcroaddspe3ne5edyelner,sppisd6seidnw,mintetwaniiwengwapcteaeciFaortpenedrivldchtictk.rmeisahhaieiaeiacsnlp(nrelta.thsl3chsoefceuetseo6ooirarevelnrAr1maceatiivonwidcn6abrf3eo6geuts)edear4neeletnrnasi4huenrfdvrhtlozvaomiceeicerramifuriognidiannoonshtnrcttorrenyecsshedlmstnnioichedutcowpgcodots(eoecfeelnauAfeentnmrtdcreklgopmhcteeedeaaaideerfsrdnnselsnaioeemntoraiooyatuxrnstielm,fnhcaapigdyaneadrrtm5hoarodxiyeneoeosossjpiemdneuunecfrhoPadaae-stesamamsyrntle.nsseesetadttsoadadhdrsonebnlHplpoiesdcesetelgttoaneiheoeowrlsanrrreauisntatscaoassow2m2eotiteeospnpsrs%9ple.;flaio2arswaernI.tmoetetenksueihohevxmltsraahroneiGpvtfedtsiolao.i)tw2oreotriupsoun0dgnauitouAnb5iessrcrip6uhnesliaaptar. . , wdTttRonhnhoifeoeheexfapatrfsetitlehecehteTrarUhteveehonhr,inAfpceodfeftichatseeRnhestecndehirsEatgtieysunnnAPip"unndgioomfnessnirft.ExctyeethiapelnldrtetndTehidulcccaterkhcaethiotaineeneadfmtdoetinUtPoimfehneonf,eAytieattnhstahlrRihdeAnenoeoeiEdrlnPlfhePiPgsIvusettatstehpmhutucrrehaodehdetoyfivrIibornl.eoniosacaecsnspgteswlt,Tiuilyeoiccletdc,mounudiiilmeIntnoabdnestguhroeihcfsartca.efcfetploneaaea(,hnrtdcUrrtteaothicyornAnlsuiroannetdonmRgcxondtihsm-emEcietesyctuadpraPaadldsemnir)twynicaaon.oihnfi.n(cftor2aiaddhfpcr2lreah9bmftUcatuo9hoiasaonsn)nesri.nliicscsevsst,iteinisdTamogwtroenunnhsmhgicdiaciiteesfeyeloiinrec,nresiiwsancies"amnatvAosrecsiilinadesefltafwsqttheeoerrtuecdroaiccstetptiieossaehartntseuciweeoctumfdalaneftunteraeaidfdecnoboet,nlrsde. wdiniesvrtoienlTvgshiuneeeigsnfhaienladldsicnfeorgamormolpyfotanrhseeenn9ato0sllddcoaafrryactsthinaenonemkdpihadwrnioeenpryea.mtdhaHoyles,oewwr-raehetvislceahwrt,eaidssa.dccmloTemiahnrpielsyotlrsesaesitdgiioonnonifsficoccafhonruuto.lndnlieTcbahedleeecsdlileoeagsnriasolsynosline
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-21
ounanpnotpletehpaadoeresesiddnibigttlioeaasttaoiooclincnee,evnd.ateluuvTaaehtlteouepsatmlhtlheetenhpteUo, tlAaeennsRditoiEanpPlsrorcroghelrvaeeirseoaswicfotnetchroieonstfcsilcuruepdoneefardliomlntdhpeaoortspa:etldansioeapldhinrrodaputacntehedpy.hbryoItpawtahsy
scpAraupSTolaprlrielthmmtootpaishmdde.ereuou,uawaluctrccTnthahageeeohnadrdnhlryeoetconbaetctulhuyiciahcnnoesunelkiaftiyqpenai,utn,tbathphheutesa(peteumtblefewraborpeaebtnrce)rriehoeweardgonnrnnaaeofoecstssanoefeoatciptrulccrhuoimlduenatefayntesienenaatd-didaeldecarendevcnemcdnaaeldhfnalorororcctdmnocohepihmsndnramntrooisrecogehnatoneahnytitpnceinodetcldsdxra.tod"oinosctafactxoihidattincpaaycre-rtibnltnegieyonouenesncnoineastaopolenh,enrplrdeacatsalihdsantkctieesesoaiitddcdmrimscncigtiamioenonlasyrexiospslstioiagchinholroeiiosnlnnftetlsiheoosbcmigeiiaoitoistannynchaelhadseasilasmtsarilsaaayntt.loiseo.tn
MevaidcFeBnaacrseleadntodonceotanancll.uev(d3ae6lu1tah6ta)i,tongtahoseof lUtinhSiesEvcPahAproorn(s3ic4a7ri1ne)hcacaloarncticionlunodgbeeidnoiactshsiaantyatcnhoiemnrdeaulsics. tesudffbicyient
65.3.1.2 Genotoxicity
.a2igpn.dae5dusr%uoflotLlcirtniegimmoyeaneeistf.doeaoldiiwlfneiesdsttohu(mtpdoaaienettisdinrcodowlum)fictuuaehtnnoardluteeitavofodenmruess,dneitodNagnbyaaloisanlosniilcgidtnhneaeiercfithceAivatamanvateteilo.sisnnh(S3co(ar5w2el2m3an80so)e0cn,ofeienn3ldlf3alm9iDc1putr)lito.anastgteoiIopnronherssaiulsaaltutefsslfs.aeptrceUvtfnioannsreligeota1nhtd.h0eeaedsasnadys
smWimnisuahtarteearrInsotniiwcmouhcninryoloaltffeomrrargeadaaqetstenuissddeaettnyirgeccexaeyacmsstohtweupladialdnnosiegiyenoesiwtnsb,rgasaniesnpoarcevtrrecheeihsdutatromesoniednmaednaioenliislnltyoythmmhhweeurapimtlhLhsoyaa5bsnub1tlnne7almlo8syetrYm.aomdipdamehldiolotibiungelesaasessw(ot2lslyei3nmrt0ree1pea)hs(,te2oee3nmdn0oa0ii,ninna3scvst3rihat9eyrea1os)(b,e3(o23ninn39oe01r1)w)a.enrde
pwwisrunyarnaentelsrvvteehihAaitooeredbtpuosoesdiasxdseolatiryocnsivgnecdbea-iyndrysttreoheagblilseatniaossntstteeehtrhidrneeciiapcemnvitlandeiliosvtncduou.ortccuseieyenaabstnsaeavekdtsniiitoiddrdinnsnoiodheuwlwuyannmiitstttoehcuhadthmn2e0ofod.brh0grouse5smelp,ueratdnLvomtleooeD0uacaa.ylrNd1neyte0Aeda%iennctscgduyraa(lnevtlsf.uat/oevhrsml()eiee3nssa4geiil0nsa/(ek37s(guo4)mUl0niti(Dn8src3c)eeeS4.ha,0)tetwr8edWwed)hu.aaeeltresraeadBedktoaebDskcU1sai2NetdDuhrnAhsvSeeeoesyudearccdsiteniolvlsisetys
CD-IUnmleaaledemdicgeas(o2l3in0e0)d. idTnhoetminicdeucweerdeomexinpaonstedletthoaglamsoultinateiovnaspoinrsspfoerrm6 cheolulsrsofper
65-22 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLENE fposdDeicaogrocysntsu,tiie-lrfiifsitrmicyveoapdeonfladcfa4enam0tyth0aasoertnipepogtpernurmetnhalwkoteaesnendsteodrkwoemafn1fat6o)eel.0rmed0seb,miprgnypahoolmrtesswwnddaeioduestrkeanidsnno.gypt rtIcsihtioagerusnhstiteofroiuecaamlandtnmyatbtesiieninnggtcnnrowipefteiaiectrsdhaieo;ndutihnnor(ttewprhdereeuaev-tcecetroadi,oruntfsheemianatantdldheesea.ths
653.13 Teratogenicity, Embryotaakity and Reproductive Effects " oterra1tT6o0hlo0egpyApmsmtuedroiyfcau(n3n6lPe2ae7td)r.eodleugamsoIlinnsetitountegreesptaotriotendalthdaatysra6t-s15exgpaovseednebgyaitnivhealraetsiounltstoin4a00
653.1.4 Other Toxicologic Effects 653.1.4.1 Short-Term Toxicity ^^ggs(a2ians)stg.trrlGeooAiiandnnstotoeesolsseirttniiannoelsaafLllg1Ddet8y*nis*mgetr/ropkaeafgslnlsy1ip3wraa.o6acndtsdguao/ckpsbegnsdaeewnur9evam0ses%tdohrn.eeimtpaiNcoowsrer.tctietarhdloTipthaiysneb.yystcrAhaeeesrvseseriagafaolntlersidffomoicrahmatenuiumotncnoldoerue(ar1gsdh9reame2dge4ei)cmgo.afgbsarosaltinnreoee.inrrtAeitraintitss, ":1p9p2m1A, iacnnuddteodgaesna.ethsCthaeentttiarcbaloanundter2tvo5ox,0uic0s0esyfpfspetecmmts(o2ef2ff9eg0ca)ts.solwineerevaopbosresrvwedereatstaupdpireodxiamsaetaelryly1a0s,000 ''^sstihannothpe-ucobmpd4lwuur4yaTotde,taxoidponn4ixlemeg3oinrc,2gfaoiioytnntyore-crmopltoairhene4fmnedib4catb3laakobi7lngieoydnaesdpn,sitHgpeoicenymalshixssoind.epbemooeourffAscitsuavodletlrnamritseypeotpaort(wlaoheri.nnsnees(fdrer.2ocne2ropits9nNwa6o2mtriopr)tah.ahiemxgosnitntrueAtuoarttrsensnoesrboesplrwcoeemwoornarmfdsaahdslpbeiacsrovlvoyteadaao,ntnpylepsu5goiaaesavrtdt.tnoihiezandlodeyagldstooiiglornpitgizfoecaaar2ntml5isweoh%wsoneioreoe)rei.nk(tgw-schtRfle/twoowrsasr,me)tersl3eeyiaenwcxnhhepoaetolkeoasdsefti,don doimrbaSaneblahepItsylvaVhmoihsielrrk.oaeSvapegu-2letdeteuTsudbie-odhdrorganitiaaedlfeov)otytsyeesbu.ibdrpnounween!ladOeiertndiihaisgtslo,udseihthdnoieaeelt,gnpldaltpraoheotoercgfeextouapaauitftsdmaaenueomhtlia.lelinyeiecllind(anfs3fcehldriyees5ooaescnt3nscdritto5avaschanr)otagelibosluasospuofoisnsrzatnoegeoenb-dlodadviidennfsierddoetia2nenuelulvidbbtncmesetyeuerhhrmdLlsaoeieiin/atwbsnkditllolgriengeeovnaeffeFsgesuthrtcaoitniysithsonalactpenenrhilanirsidenckdoebrertideyedihudnux3dnmertcc4reaugre4oydtbaescpsettsarh.ghleorateedriilettsmoiaTsvnndifeehiwenosaafitorfsitlr(tuemein3yhodecrc5nafitaen03ftnenie5(.oo0dec2d,)fnp4at.2aihr9hlwn(teyr4epodnaom)rfs.at2oowoal.rtxt0aOeoisi9clnviotegyry
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-23
wwaesreconnogteesdtionByoffomurutleteipnledaoyrsg,anlysm(p2h2o9i4d).depletion in the thymus was observed, as
wpZstaauelasdelyaUs,aennneddldnoe.sarceadosbSenbedogivtfeemss2rtaJoeeSftdtodetrerloirvgma8earas2msol4laLiirnhn/rkedoitguawkrtwiaidodsennersreelmyaignsaahdpl(tp1lwey9lxie2eipidr4gor)hsi.dtutaartilleioynsgtsfootwro0e.a5trhetmeootsLbahslaeovrIvefnde1da0s.ksduiNnabyeaoscc.fruoNtNpeesowydemrremovraetlaallietdy
pcdwahoneiyhsnrdpceijeoonuGcrmdnoeaacmmf(spotaoiirppvcfltltlaiienebeatredbuneetdlcotc(oro1acbna9amlprt)leaa.iepdaibnhlnmbyaieinrtosrgodteehsetytpuereeasartsrisnt.amaee)ledyAtclhaateyossudlitsneinnelmgeodglaraedmsbteodlacveuralpeo.surhpasaaTelnradeodpmnspnpihnldoaiyuerspdtmmoeeprswos.elraimetashTptiicoihnpnujelbgutieurcd1ltyoo5ncrdtajehmuuclarnioninavncnuteggietrvaesyaasst.ohw5bleiaetTnmsicechaipenmcarualoeoutmensmeepditldly
65.3.1.4.2 Chronic Toxicity
AdeelrtrehaexiiltalmtopthasdhsoteaeeToeesrrdduexokadpsgangtpheobuiaetvmslbsoceevaouiadoleleucllimsesinhatt.sohiaettterneiiLnvne1rgtaage5ehtpt2a5sheew8od2dei4ralnpodswk6onpebiringpdmtoho-hnodot1tseeyuue5liyretdn5r.miwas2loediennpapeiegdedpfichrfenmeetdgrcd,tattahughassyenoaie,nolslmielo5fniamvaleigddetn.ooareaen,lsdyookUskdglegipiiypydsna,opesnsenrlooeaailrywynifh,ntehCieeedbsareNtrlkovaar2S,apeitnipgawforooetneaehnrrs,nesoepkd9lrrooo0saanrgbttsesidilcvoxe1aaesop0yen3dosxwedsap(auewm2imnrrte2edheior9n,eenn0a3lnki)to7ou.ioet4obmyensdspe,parwminvmneedardleein
whfSrriCtraaeayuiroccdtdprestohuefgepyaPsscrtuipcpheetulmtrradnarlaomretienlp(aaaa2gtoahdfr,2anltyalve9ysfasneruo6cradoenlly)noilex.cnadrpnpctreo/rilhooCoysoacsvrinsheson5atidahlnrpglan.aydaegofgptasprtUieeyetosoirlsrsienntnp.r6eidhlawnfaxeasaAwspetcltmirarrosaeuteensaeiecuaaoukltxeesrnnmuspveedrri.obecadassxaefluteeiupsrnrndcsofahroteaslaatdfulconynerStgagehdlueteeedeecdastsnvhoedeefescerilom1rcodoobe0hnmpeas0agrmesngaarepmenesgvpondediiamnnlsttioisns.oopaetreanqrfuAbefsulviominfeawlcttintphoiezeetonoreroriruaasefsetrlgwuiliyihtcygnrieothafstrnaalteuersfcrrseiwesfrcdlrtaamleeiefecttevogiertekaiaredodelscnnsw,eitetfis.seoinrb,daartfwtnoheibadosmeyisnsa,lteo
widd6on1aifadsi6stleuyuxRcpcrpeofpbeorommaprsnoepeca1dfooe0tsfcsereadmaadottaofsCerm.nxat,thpachE-ietonssxsQlcupyhionr0oaroessfnaufroenbaraafiecemlltkeaiwnayoalbllnansisrdbneo(eofp1cfonoo9rrzanr)ae.tjabehnudbientgisocth.ttstoaivoelIaccytoalteacfuseonsp2ntee4iott2ahhm4giiensoalthietsouodoolmrlouingnr.fsiouec.eaEvnllxaTlayipppnhoohdrersetuuhcpclroaeeeegvltdernetnolicoszelaea,tauobaamfrlveaak3cpnftrmoosarwgcin/tnlLieov7na0eil%rof
65-24 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
deinneflplaarrOmegstemshdiaoertnuiotceinhnraiibnnoogfdreayfstesmwse(eae2inlg2eh9itm6n)ii.nacen,rimaatnasldsanmadfitledmrimccehu,rltoainfroicecdagul,acsdtoioolsinne-eirneinltahhtaeeldaitnpicouindlmeinnoccnelaurdoyef caystic or 653.2 Human and Epidemiologic Studies ^'".vvcnachtDhoooonuoumemllimtaameetvtppBaaiiatolotlnleioehpuszf,saioeeonttttxdarirhudoprehedspnegouir.radaesmpoeussrivdrfoeTrafeoiuleeneihsvtcnrweheeieeeensoirdnx.ntauettpgnsogiuioTatnihnimtslpmhhtdulvaauoeeratorlswreostt,laeiaeeadiasbtrsxlitirvenlhpeveicpcteerooryreersneloxtaeisosmocpptpiexifeodoloerifirestcnntfztrheaeatsiadeiocaeitnbbftinlfoshltleycesnoyicouon.ddtfncbforioadsifTrognemmficaetthnasisrbpheoeroeiluonbpelenlimsnofhtantenrtraedtlgfohynvrocetoesoaoerovn.mpxsmohhoilhcinpyargtiusdohotthiymtrualet,iotrnhzamcidaenutamidnssmsri,eobspgiidlioncetralniceskiaicsunsose,moelllaimnwiaynbmrnthepitiepwiihmlncnweoaehttarthiegtlgvleaaatyhasrnhrsttpeeoteuaolditlsrneoiesess,. 653.2.1 Short-term Toxicologic Effects ' sympTtohme sproifmianrtyoxmicoadtieonofaerxephoesaudreacthoesg,absolulirnreedisvbisyioinn,hdailzaztiionnes.s Tanhde nmaoussteaco(m2)m, on ',`,coditMiaf((nnhoo1dceftrmt0ereocoe5oc0rsnx3an0rste0i0tse0aac-ioaa3o0rasttfnsec0nthoeiddop0atnedthp06lgidscmle0egmuepfnanapaepmucsstgedrmoasohisolvcnrnil)pneilyuaienresglcrtesrepeaecegtaiseuoiisedenrrposncsebcherheatpeedaoyronpdollaisfianrtiieilrzcitrtlatvoyezeiarhtoesnidliienuntdroaeealnl(tCtfaspot2i)fssooriA,2eitdnnc7odtb",st7orraasese,honnnvdCwiiedde2fneafr,e2useidqauni8sehpnlauagp4ue.ctti)hh"amsuto.hoseonrearuaet,AaIenihrstncnfsenstbefhddiacsghcaenooueidafshrenesntiviypeuenadzeeadrtrtzrii,.wtroiaobeinotolainxeoe,ctLnnephsaxtdosneoriihc.ncvfbseoveudotenomlIrnohesfnmsecfuseiicenasupirc((ttsvumhiie22tnontsao22leelgogsr78asno.wei,70ttaodfie))a,lf.L.adennlslaee-decTthbvvt5oahyeeeoh0xmlxalce0siscaracp-agna1iosnyse0nei0soeaea0nnnxnoadctdfpsellpsysm wa"DsshesuaoodtcDdheieaxentwaeertdashcnsiswisfpeffidrirtnheosgamugfdmtaegesraaaobtslihilonnyslh"ienafreloioincnmshcgnuairlgafarfatiicsninaooggrnldi.hndiaaueScvrfueiunadrmgrdraehetrshnyeletwyhdm1heb9aiiela6teeh0nis'nshi,pdraehu3sp.co6oben%rdeitneebngwdy.egrtraeheIpsneootlrhiaftnuoeesmudtgufehridsnotym(at1oon5fa7ba01ced1)a.o0rl.escent iosIanynncgmcdeaapsdSsittniuyioootmlmnetnsraps,nltciaoiancnlmuogconsseleursvdgitduniaeolnisnsmisieon,mvnoefesfbeor,drl2elici0oaayow-tta5rieonea0ndols,segiibvnvsmye,toormacdexyoeiinctbaipagnturthegrioso,nddtniviuunoecaengrer'toteiagsofneomdtvc,hiielrdecdrcaieuzppezlphixailnaclotaoireitrsyrsaoyysntn,xihoficanenaoimgn,lnu.doflroureOsgrs.saihonsaonItegrnfiicanccamngosrdnieelosdgffcoieiocfvtoanheuas.ersecnsc(lA,eiu1dsnf2estg),en.rtal
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-25
sinsatmoloboixlgdtmuiheocbdtemildilyniititnajhyeuata.lereltyvgcAiawnratnasgeamotedsrtsi,phtcfisoeionulrnaadnnvcidcdcaaaagstntreeoie,ndbogdt-efhobhearaegcocupcewcapinodntpemierecnuaprtrdlaaipannlsomyeiier.mnadtiggpoUeebtnso,ypstmiwooaonshnsfpiwcfibouhreofarrtwtteghihoaaennsskroo.ipdltiienrnnTdoveehb.eyisaspstbLri(gcle2iyaavs2nteed7inroSultnef)eesau.d,dntoawcItttcigoiutosahthncseohonutelraeimlenusdvtesiesce'brsaawsel,liibeprlieed wpc(minlonoijantuewhnfuriiiynrmfb,emlso4iotarn8oartitdiitoihtioasnoon.tuxi,oorynSsfngyoel(tment2ou2pdklt7teihoor9vecem)eyc.lslttsuo)CansraigNseccSaalonenmttddhopxamiairncgnuciytycry,oienasmogasfleoadtdsshuepserrierafrgaatucaetmiesosronelliasenppnveidner.elasgutMeomonrfoyoesnrldtiaivtilsesiiystrzrmeeaedspcnsctzcooyhwmumeinmtsehtssiac.lraafeolbHroryretpavhtoeeorxrseCyimbNlie.Sa
cpainobhdnsyiotsvaDriicbcdeatuerld/amcclahsatuhel(smr5eeo4sixuc)pag.aolhscpuhtrrheoemepitescokratilgnieabs(su2oor2lnfi8nt6e(h)2.ev2a2vLp8oo)ilq.rautaiiHldneydgcpaoleismrqosulpeiinndosneiietsiinsvatisitlrys,roitmthapeatoyiynssgsdihbetolvoeue.lltdoChpeobneisnskiridcneeea.rrditinaPlygirnotlhoenged
ocoonfnl2yc7Ees0nxlitpgtrohoastt,9uio0rtnre0aoonpfsfpimev1no4.tl0ucInpoftpresmneperl.aasslIhtroeerpdigittaaihtsneiotolloinianltoehdfevistaehtpuyeoerrb,esyapneianscidneaicn(aa1dnt9de)td.hirrnoroiattaotwciouanlsaorsceicerunrritsaa,ttibovunatpaotthrearleeveisls
65-3.2.2 Chronic Toxicologic Effects
ce2rh(pT1one2uoh5pn7cwlem7oet7erT0pr)movi.t)hbhnee.iauedranl,trooPepyartpooshmaesscettdasoos-hinemmebrimocelopreeareeoft;xtfolfnoeefiieamcnetfn,tchgsdtt-ewfsstesiaeenaesopritdegmfphciehnehgntaigreasrsofslifondnoeorsleiecsicfslnvt,aesgeeevywarfeeofsssedreifuoabe,clckclithnenhncseaerewactsoshsressintanosihbanscifiienfnstniddehncrzooelhsecufrarntdaflatheperahme,eyteiqipxonauaylsnlcineilvopen(deoo2nhtrrf2leacyd8ategiia4snacnssn)dhsaa.dhoottylkiwiiootTdinendnrhetcnoreeaoeachrnyaefenadtrbveheibrsuexytoarrplenbleoovsmlelaseioeduna(ogn2edrdrin2esc;8ta.4l ,and
wd(msuipetehnectHtapiofluricenprvterceateoarlnemranedtpttaaotlgainolae.ensxno(p2t(losi42ns%8nue2or)aetobcfrtuooelsnpievodo.erurgtcbTaetidnehrd)itechisarnl)ee.saswtuduToldtmhpsyiresseonhssnoetaunwnadtedydcinofsmeiunttghmucgresueeesnagstsaieteasyddnodlotimhnfaaee5tah0vnti0aghphbAeolromirsnoe.ecdtraidircledeanvanectileoIsnnodfwiaanss
irtrnoaedtnspua.rIlctoeTcdshahuarheccseeipnmbasoeeitgegcoennhcniaeficlnicllcieuiatsaylnmartlriynrtcoedamxserpimaccoliennooonsrrimsbanttlraeseas.otfpeionIdlrtafsthtethhiamcaestacralhheelysanodmnarlgiboceleceseea.snriinobHnsoohnsotowhiwfneeurnveuelmsnrth,kaiannjttohdoreuwusnconeelregaaanatgdeneeptsnhdhteorsgropahtiorsaneoxvsliefiecennimtfetyaailaleendd
65-26 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE .^sgwegltnhratiiiupnveasumyemibvaetaspdiahdiocieludhrteu;ileleeorwfpiaacldqnicohierrtcenauetiroodenoreadtpwbvbxaesgtera5.eixeioigdocnb5vnpteiteehletCoenevnetyrefisyeopinu,cuhdprcinei,esrruadeealseeasmntreetusivhlcmqcoepanoaaiaeuannnhnkfpitreodoanoiccn(nlocg-oroha32tahceswngl4eucrunyiic1pnuwc-s,mcieg8cii,ponrdbcl)asao;tu.oupeatnhtbulgmrsoihdeuoedrecBtoidnelneiaowqpieennan,nlcusroteotl,cEaolievngyeateudisePoirnlxtcusrsuiApe,uoodcrntsoniefhfeditstfctsutkeheiguasecrdwreiatrrieim(wieensmaem3eegnoaiiss4lttoialtiy,aii7nnircaionrn1teeyoltlhevt)soone.hfeiiBgfcofdiaefasylZrsUeeuasCmcipnsnodnStoetecoafesasElteatldsdretiwPisohonceisttnAnhltiqohhesiehcuveuaaoticsueatmahnfpllrmtatyieteeoimhshr,oaclisyenenuniatieeafdhlnsxisole.ueeedi-spvfnxdsteoitsiueTartdrssthnudtyuhuedeUdenindreerdilSeicssoemseUeEpaebsaataxdlSeoPsnfel-petoseEdtsAwdorrspPocreeaaivgAecatniani-dtfdseieodcdline 65.3.3 Toxicology of Gasoline Components vaaultuoeAms obftorivrieetfhgoeavsseeorlvcinioeemw(psooefneetnThteasbtaloerxei6c5po-lr3oe)gsyeanroteefdstuhimne mmTaaarbjiozlreedh6y5bd-e4rl.oowca.rbTonhecoamc`uptoenteonxtiscitoyf n-Hexane ^^:`rTaaapcinarlarhsnheriuomeegasstsHeilapheunasrretlegitieexnloyfsfafaonfiernreucf.onsceasmttCteusNsmatNso,oae1caSsnn5avyb0n-efdesa0rbapectb-tempieu2gercr5ttoaeiee0hsf,nmse0iesaicbefoiseopnrmpvssonpyaitonarm.emlsacfdt.tahpt.ePintihorarodnniAlemga--hHcnatnhsuln,aayehtedzrxsaixatcuganopgorhcnxedetoheioin.scccuueoairsrrsAmnsryaeciicvmelrteuomearniprttfinttbeettratios8eegatme8rsiottxo0tih,sioonpnen.hpfooaspescetl,uacmhyiudraeererasrfnaciotoaalharakctnretcadic,1vuono5annresmpsaismso.auu-prnilcsnriedokWciuamueotCshneaasseNrcmnt.nieadlSnyetemSitvenrtkofhbgaafimrernpteioascpoitunttceneisgoeands.shnrg,.staIittacst mmesstdimtcPtnohhyellerieuuovvmrenvoc2ssneoeigetpccsec0rlCtrlrvuuhhtaxoe0oeohelllotsppsaamrmrclpsssrrdheoiaipisnemoygnswwmanlnensihetimcitisetrtoav,iaohlofievleieeloksopnfsdlxearvgnhedpanaaairbety9lsocertonvsseasyuosde(twetulirsmoonndreahoctcgneolooebfih1ocudvsnsd2adtbholreeedonoeasrtrlrmugshomgenivanmscrrpeeeeotatve-sreusdnoiohgee,vr.ttfspesedcihoocytxaampryshomiAarsi.sainefanuempiftsslatesfhilo,pelcmeeyylnfruvtelbyesrpeaolu-oieaieuanpnpcttclrxtihaeiolcrrpnemultreuseaohgstrdrlsaerseiosesyzuecxoepgnetadvprfharctsdueieoaaaothsn.rshsksstricieueapnyyteesdlmnyIi)gann.iouppsbmogtrtpeeoosnfeTpsrorabef,tiattcmhlnsepoiheiosrdoeerhxeenennm3eeicdwcnsrccoeeoye.faaalvnniivetfllsrnehtkateemUrirntrelisciyhonaslel,naytptgetulicbiio.mmrotnereepehonsaxgaesipteTsnsctintaeanrtiehabtdaruretlsniyihllaimrsoosid,neywstnufi.mha.gstiesfltyiieirTanehndmIcvypsgihnga.enomebesifrrnteure6thPsfscoitt.i.oaelrrmturinsocdmatsTale11yloho00ssefits
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-27
4f1o36r,,80100I4n00-dapaannpyidmm-oal5dfl2so,,rr0as05it0gsnmapsnpinodmuft4ena9saf.trmecrDolAs9eisagttoahfroe1gr1es9yneoeemurnaninlagluyfttaeeodrscu.cmlutTrircrhaeeetdsa.oraretalecxoLpnDocseendtisratcotiitovendaspaobsret2lwe4veemelnsL/okfg
rddiicm2anhnrehap,eier5pegyrgupivt-htrsoeralhia.oieLmvnobtcedroiteoaoxooouIrntlatnnssxiicahgnosotitturm-cnmiraeitveiodadnet.seenbyoyrdihombftoaSinaiisonnlbtapcpedxsiea,e,pinrcsrcbcatewhohtriiotoatflaiahsfyvicprtolciikeiainctarooacnshthmldnrai.fltaotyulsatecin,ccsNtraaioeiin2pnroennot-cxnphnhehttipa.lcauenheeileiulcyrxoeineranorNagdiiatotbinnme-ciortnooogha1oxeeni!nel5xicn3cxee0iisit5,octasxisy.igmfpnp2pttniyp%eohri0nasnmse.rei5iedrnrwsmdnoacofmenwth-maoasrhtnerinLoeieeiscin/tmxf5uedwhslaalegmeaaetldenvsgeyerlra.seeenseeytlfsc.smaoscitaNnfbraoroaftDuoocuhoymfulsiuonainpse2batstndtdoe0naeudtgt0.godi(haedne1ainxepeu2C1noipwsae,c0fnhnmiaiorar1ntodissmnool9rcatfn3rys1oadms0tiewsrlcieai,sggfure,cs/2fntal1ktaeeowl4as9tdigurpong3h/eswoigdeg5encinfnelae)aduecn.ayielecmnikriscfdtsbe.oy.idern,mrnO6Teyo4snhesflei,isn
Isopentane
sthpi1rkap0ersia0minttd0eaIartsaomieconpsfhpggpueg/eelL,ttnaaiosltnro(aosg1tsnlhsi2tneieo)noe.isfhsikaraaniarnvpidteCpaaietNnnnitoodiStneeexed,aftyefrnneepedsacrm.utedsesoeesRarancem,napshtca.eeuotsaimn,ttEifesaluofd.nfssesisoo.cTrtnohs,"fpeVmircnLoeoaarlnCyboysni^iclhnigitioiceygnuldhuts"tdonshkeveedisanesopmx.ochforoiiuInlnnacsetrheoaanwactilctsioaoertwennkisot,i,tlrnildaamidtoziaprofzyteinenursdasepnisastsdttro,oeendb5tee0fa0t;
2-Methvlpentane (isohexane, 3-methylpentane)
nmtoaermhcaNobvtroiecanpnpeheryuoisrrpirooeittlroaotxngieiitcscsaapalnnrddodaptateaorretaiherdaseovc(ae1uv2ama)i.lelaonbwtleedorbatuolt tbiosexoihcciaetxryda.inaeIcssosaehrneesxiaetinxzpeesrescatrbeedutptraoerdebiecntometduectxoopuehscatveed
vcnrb5laiaea.rvau5suseertpcrscuiei,mCotrnxlosaakygocitrsicr6iodtlne.reoadn0aymnhaeprdgemycoefx/aontkaaatiestglrgninnu,s.eedetrmlveoaWtbi.aossnhrsrrdaiayaTtnoiahncfhnfCir.otnedoheNllmqaAaaw1Sutpn.a5ised1closiesa4enbh.tul,preoh6esir-uet0ueDhehsr0dmsoiaseasulgt,a,btorenhtsywnottev1uehha2oapraiep2clfaonxlho,tra0ilreimon0vixaws0eeaepn.xliodspltpnesopoTdesecxmixsudoihouchmc.neiriertbseaydaoi..b,rwttebaoiedslRiStr2syLwaes.6mreDe,esvapIelU7eyknter5o,ne2mimadnnidespindcaripoaeattmrh,obfhrfbceharicobceteanshaursucue,itreseaelwaeftnrsndetitdd,grxduaeerpluruasstoapiepnosftrigurindteo,orosanmed
65-28 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE ACUTE TOXICITY OF COMPTOANBELNET6S5-O4F AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
Component
OLDraml
Dermal LD*
LCjg
n-herane
octane dodecane isopentane isooctane methylcyclopentane ,methycydohexane cyclohexane benzene
toluene
xylenes
ethyl benzene trimethylbenzenes
1-methylnaphthalene 2-methylnaphthalene
22((114899,-743319750))mmlgA/kgg
[rat] [rat]
no data
no data
no data
no data
no data
2(4275)0 mg/kg [rat]
(2199,83250) mg/kg [rat]
34(487700)00 mmgg//kkgg [[rmaot]us(e5]9)
5000 mg/kg [rat] (47)
no data
no data no data no data no data no data no data no data
no data
[1r2a,b1b2i4t]m(4g/7k)g
(44370)0 mg/kg [rat]
no data
(34570)0 mg/kg [rat] no data
5[r0a0b0bimt]g(/5k9g) no data
(14874)0 mg/kg [rat] (14673)0 mg/kg [rat]
no data no data
3(1349,03h05r0) [praptm]
no data no data - n1[m0o0od0uasmtea]g/(L12) no data no data
no data
(14077,0)h0r0 [prpatm] 5(43872)0hrpp[mmouse] 5(40470)0hrpp[rmat] no data
(14847)mhrg/m[ra3t] no data
no data
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-29
(a>n1d8Cc0ay.u2csloegdh/kegtxh)aentoederisaatbnhboimot fisnkaailnlllyarneaismbuslaotlersdb. eidn tmhricoruogshcotphiec sckhianngaeltshoinugthhemlaivsesriveanadppkliidcnaetiyosns empaxlpmipmcoroTossfetshocdercoopttdmohiacenpvcglaseheaptarmoenlroyegfleeepsclveihwemrrliesooinrdnoea.ifctse4edp3eon4firsoopinmnpimntthg,he6eislibhvrooeedurlayrats.invddeNalyioklyisdtlofniogxehriycts5cb0wheahecxneapnguoestssehuwetrheeeisrsx,epcboosuemstuepnrsooemuinwneadrsabitsboit7s86 lbeeveenlInorefmp3oa0rn0t,epdnpotmhsayitsstcesymocmilcoehwpeohxiaasotnneiirnrmgitasaytbinpygocttyeocnltotihaheteexeaytnheees htaoanxvdiecmbeufefeceoncutssreompfoermTteObdrC.aPnAebs.uvatIpntoohras additional details of this interaction are available (12, 17, 46, 54, 1937). Benzene mPnrereoporrovgeTrortauhismnsefhospaTyrrvsmoitemxeaimeatcsirootyla(no5b,eg4lfyri)fs.eehGfceetBurdsiedtonaoefz.retbehneleaentzicioeshnnacsepahtriiecpnrihnbaooelngatewtbnioeeincennzianenbndebenoiztinnhegnetaehsnteieiomxInpnaolsastsrauaelrlnaeodtniaomnntdahnRel.eecuseStknoeetrvmraeatirlaiao.ln For Toluene the cThoalputeenreoins atoCluNenSedienprthesesaInntstwaliltahtioanloRwesttooxriacittiyo.n PFroorgrmaomreTionxfoicromloagtyionG,uriedfee.r to Xylenes ddmthaeeeipmlryreAebdscrwsoauiasontseneess.neroxaaBnpnedoovgtsiihusndkrgeitennhfcret(eoo4lmi6ohq)fiu.2gic5hda0TrcahcotnieonndcoN1egt0nhae0ttne0irioacvnmtiatiapoyglon/koTrsgfoaoxmbrfieycixxoigyelraldorevgintxayaeygtPlievnerangfopoegosrtrorai2snmthmyeeeriaateyerhcyseec.enra(st1u,lm9ysm3eicr9ueeC)cp.oNoourSrstreadtsthgaivten RestForoartimonorPeriongfroarmmaTtiooxni,corleofgeyr tGoutidhee. chapter on xylenes in the Installation Trimethvlbenzenes and Tthhee 1t,ri2m, e4t-hisyolbmeenrze(npesseuodcocucurminen3e)isaormeerleicxicfoorlomgsi.calTlyhesim1,il3a,r.5-iHsoigmherva(pmoersitylene) wcoanscseenetnratinionmsic(e50e0x0p-o9s0e0d0 tpopm81)30ca-9u1s4e0CpNpSmdoefprtehsesio1,n2i,n4a-insiommaelrs. orLo8s1s30ofprpemfleoxfesthe
65-30 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE n1,o 3a,d5v-eirssoemeefrf.ectRsaotsr efaxtpaolisteieds.to 1700 ppm of an isomeric mixture for 10-21 days had grTp/anrktiegmu,TmeFwhtoohhernyilifltetbahitesteanhlaze1tie,nnft2taher,teaal3pilsq-eiidusrteooiidtmsooeniefseroca,afolatnpdnhrtoeaiomscre1taa,rlo3yfL,stD5lhd-Ueinso1oim,rfr2ei5r,t0a40bn-0ytisomthDmgeee/kprsgaofmsohirteaisotrnhboeueientgentuoiirnsteehp1ae.o5rp-ltu2iegndggi/sskingc1a.tf7huo8esr8esrthate. atchonenxitebaTtilyhno,eoindaog.snth3lVy0m%arapetiopocrofrbcttrohoonenfcce1hhn,iutt3mris,a,at5nih-oiynseposxompcroeharsnruogarmeneddicdf5eras0onc%mreimb1oei0afd-6tash0nyedmp1ppc,mtho2a.m,n4sgE-eoixsspfoiomnnseuetrrrhveeo(2uwc,soana1seg2stu)so.l,aatbeinmlistiyixotnou,fre Naphthalene laidensiddssooivtrcIoiiindeagnucteeaatadstlstatiirwoowannicitt.thhorfnIoatarpnmpirsoehanlittorhzirnoyaingtmlaeentdieinendighneeuxhftiopmacoliaateshntnuiescoryens(,1k(o7bi5nf)u4.t)na.Hanthpdeihmsetoyhelefayfsleteicnactneadinspeprsmoredoeialunocniepsgsretendhdaeovumamspeionaos,artnvetsolxemypveoiitnrsieungreefafhneadcst Gasoline Additives inforAmdadtiitoinvetshuatsewdaisnaavuatiloambloetiivseoguatlsionleindebaerloewli.sted in Table 65-2. The toxicological : Tetraethyl lead (TEL) oaepiccPhnnaonayfrMhnudcrodgaoeassgrraAliepnraoeadsdahopcctoeimaiiapunrloabrileeftnnoyboedtT(peoir2Ttioanemse2t"xxtEso7shaniplncL7potyboooii)s,rfotse.lfsaeuoniwcnlsdgr(oTlegh3ecyeunn"ihaa8ecettnGre)hio..stiounocbriTsioseTIdugTntEiecfhafftfE.LhiorseisTcoaiLubirclmEnneiuaano(ndLoctu2ettirts2;oieepkent7nroshon7isztotooe)shceew.wvyfnadeemenuTtrTvicbspaeEehiehyttfrLaoeee,thtpmsfhhfoattteesheteorlhclraeuohtealtscofhalmiLosnlneahhlnoDuareogusTetca^hr-iniEtodtnoste-niaLeratrnesiicttmzn-,rihitotuhmneedhnraer,ieesslftmeesafhorfeadnreafacnexiettneddfIicsnfednuitesttbssraycaatier,t1antochsei4ligufoalnoacntvmosaeutf,iotiorgohmsvgmrr/niekiaaennoregsnlgRiltoatealvcll(ee,nybioh1snclfo9aetaeaeol)nptit.rcgiiialgaseenoutsdideoen Tetramethvl lead irmneacprnoeiTraatesetaedrdnad(mi4rce7rot)iht.nayvbluIitlllisetiiyaso.dnliskAaefilfnlteyhchottuushmgatthhaeinnnstnoot(ex4rdi6vco)oa.cutuisoImnnsyebsntthyteeemtder,tairintta, maiasnneitemhxoyrpalaleslcletLaaenddDdwtcoioallupf srb1eoe0sd9susiicmmgeniglsp/akrsogyfctwohoatsshisa,t
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-31
ccahuaspetderboyntetthraatetchoyml pleoaudnd(4i6n).thIenfIonrsmtaalltaiotinononRetesttoraraetthioynlePlreoagdracmanTboexifcooulongdyinGuthidee.
Methylcvclooentadienvl manganese tricarbonvl (MMT)
ehpthxarpiosmosaeIsanurlcyroaiewtsusisdtcoeeaodrtdnoabecfareyanrocettetrfitlaorittmnoaexedititicnheifdytoay.lrn.mlieImt,adaMisl.sMeiTxsTphteehicsetoehrCdaiglNhthLSlya,DtwtowhxiheincreentbhytMehaerMllaetTfrfoiesiucst5tebs0sleomonffgdM/eekdxgMp.woTsiHtuharuremef.uaseniTlmsh,ileiatr to
wh1o4ow0r9keC)ev.ore'nrs,csegknaitnsro,altnienadeusMseoalM,uthTioenapdseanacerhtereantaoentsdathgsiedredsakindineilsysrearabedssioulyrl.tbeeddWianhseanth25e--51p5umrmienLumtewatapesreirsaiploidl(l;2e,d 1o9n37a,
Ethvlene dibromide (EDB)
, cirt(Cnh1aoN7erutc4Sthrie5Eneas,dDoteIg(1iBnp1se7s4rn5te2i19ass,4w,lsl6iiai13rottr68hmnii0,ot.g6ana5/,tk4iArRng1)e.gc7ecu(4so1ttt3Emoo7e,Dr5mte1a9hBx7te)eip.4noi4odesn)sMya.ucetPariosrorAeroncsaeCginnrhtiGdhaonamgafIvmoHeternuTemirchxcoeoapaxsuitsuoinicsoslcotunrelmlarodoecsedgsamyeiibnnfnbieGterlbsduaauenbnviEdgyoef,oesiDd.o.ulBreinvadIdelta,r(sia3inanl)asn.hotdsahulTceaksahtpicuideoehsncnaeoetspyeratadsendlyrdamhLmoudpDnmeatorgaEmmeniDnaslBof
1.2-Dichloroethane
deprAescsuioten,inggasetsrtoioinnteosrtininahlaulaptsieotnaonfd1s,y2s-tdeimchiclorinojeutrbyantoe rtheseullitvseirn, ksyidmnpetyosmasndofluCnNgsS G(th1u2ei)d.ceh.aTphteeroroanl L1,D2-dicinhltohreoertahtanise6i7n0thmeg/Ikngst(a4ll7a)t.ionMRoreestoinrfaotriomnatPiornogcraanmbTeofxoicuonldogiyn
Methvl-t-butvl ether (MTBE)
crnocabeoocaofsnunrtptbctnhereIlieuencteucsptadterrnoeetaarddodetttesfes,gftwduehsaaiclbasten(thtoce2shlpo2Midrdnr9,oiaeoT3sanlte)Buii.sctLrrEsebenDtdleaof"^us.nt"dtccsootie,niefosTsdint4hioncwefoamoatfttleLhsesev/epskrveeoeegmlrpnniowoootafrtumaontsseerienxdtoripcoemuotxopshoiasocarulmrltdrydtieeoManditmnaooTctrr(air1Bogeta9nEehac3tse7sitecvoy)sai.spttutthyeehseImceeanidnen;CsrdeaheuNtocrrdhSeweoaen.deltetouvplgwTyceeierhecncd,reioeentnphfsgfdteteeeuruocsdfscttfoeytesrevdmdewrwaiittnheycree
65-32 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
t-Butvl alcohol
eemxffgpe/ekcActgstte(hd4ha6igtv)oh.e cbcaoeunescneenrttehrpeaotsrioatenmdse,fter-ofbfmuectytinlidnaulschtourhimaollanecxsa.puosOseustrhnee.arrcTtohhsaiens oisnrliagalhntLimDskaWilnsinairnrtdhiteaittiroiasnt,isno3500
Ethanol
. gdO/ekvpgerrEewestxahspsaaonnrstouelpreoTisrhctieaerduraistfceaoustritnaetgthatoextoixari,catihtitnye(c4eoo7yof)er.esdtihananandtioomlniusacnlooduwsdmfrooerwmbsbionrteahsnsaesn(.2im,4Ia6tl)s.isaaAnldnsomoaraanCl.NLSD of 14
Methanol
., ,.,
astsLtocainhhyyonccDmmacecniddltrujsuppooeMtrvedttrsroiooxiiesieescsfmmpudttdahoeha1ssilsdapa3zurolnrsdzaravigfioimtnbenis/elsknteeganuugtscaeercaorsauniyl,wblufsyvraebafsfpaoinaoefseepemrs,cuhlroordenaiaomresosbvdbppdlicadaotuoiotirnonrrroconemtdargfecelnepsdiedc1nseeadnot8euariiiotmnsonlarrrttonlaouppltpaetdrhalitloa4ebooient8tfvuatnheh,anbrsayhepachbldooteeoelaususifranen(lv,rt4dvd2idselns7eae0rnire)vmaco0ae.uihefn-ttstere3ylseestid.7trtaooi5aobsawnfOfoclpdahctlthp1inhohicasc2mdehehnh0aroog0paclcere-icsioac8dtxsyiiund3spombiseoo0sonesepnsi0ssssvities.cnoep.doorrmgpelfPa.ocmiTsgnorbuehdiorrEssp(eierfo.v2vaeeni,idintrd4dnihAcetnu6et.egof)agnhptr.xlceestVehieriaceoAaidadsnssioetnuanu,ivfcaoggeohlneglresoeatsspiltosn
Tri-ortho-cresvl phosphate (TOCP)
". celfa1aixhr1ntpea6egop0nemTsrttuemsOar,prngCeecoi/,rfakPneilgiosfndatTchemflOdfauoeusdCfcsaitbcP3fnsltegeeettsirohnnneaia3ntnruh0sgedpsepeedisotnaIator,naiyeotlssvesnt.doca,wmollAriihannidtitthicintoahathgnhlnae,ipdstRrdirootpaieniagtesmrrtrr(ooeie4hprrs,7eshatae)dteh.sieroearatnrnmMloedanPofilersoraroeaobmvgbtdoirsounuaaomsfmnsrocdpilrsnetmTyaiwsosolatronxetiprimsioacet(n5oin.ndl4eSo,rc)sgoya.sapmy,nr.eAnpGbutnfeTouommihlofdlboreosenausw.eoelnesfdLsdeafDoifcbnefWuyctt'teoahsfe
Isopropyl alcohol
dw(2ei,lplr4Ipe6ssr)oso.pidoruAnocpneaynlotdhraaelilctosLaihsDmoel*ex,hpeoaeffsfcet5mec8dto4. d0tehImrtaatgits/eskuagnslstawaoriacnisoretrdriicteaippntoirhnroagtpeladettoritofiotnehrse.otfheIyehneigrgsaehtsatnv(iod4anp7m)o.cruacucoosuenssceCmnNtermSatbiroannses
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-33
653.4 Levels o f Concern
ahuastoeTmshtoaetbivAliesChgGeadIsHoalin8(e3-h,0r0w5Ti)thWreaAcosohmfomr3te0-tn0edrpsmpamnexaopncocdsuuparea1tli5io-mnmiatilnoeSfxTp5oE0s0Lurpoepfmli5m.0i0tTpohpfem3O.0S0HpApm(3f5o3r9)
and Nsaofeotyt.her criteria or standards have been established with regard to human health
6 53 3 Hazard Assessment
.
csgUfchM(leuibaoaonSvrfneiswfecdcEondileeiAcilsznPuinvineoaceeAgrnesntgnraei-e,edtnniedhnsggtxeac.rhelpuvbsoaedeiynontdrcsssctelefMteelarwuendnsoiadacssetmrci,eyrmf.iFein2eat(6aa%od3elB7red6xla)caeu1pt,rsonqo6noaen6du)lstde2csea.oahle0dtoundteo5nduTe6baeedtryhlavhs.pnetiegpidh(npam3seaepehsi6vntrg.oao1acntlgl6dlaieeiauDn)aftns,iiaeyfotcoort,iasniloaatioen5mlsnh-nctreecodeienaeoavlUrpotyafahCcisfStpditeeanhEotpedthoivrmPeesgesargrAeipceooasnwhonrelri(rroyaexec3sogle-4nBsecikocc7pafi2acff1erf,ser)ccouticcpiiunrintfncrndhisolooctoeiawngbeomalacesaaodfn.lnatbuegidsyildodcaeeTnwesasighpdohrnebaesleuri.srictanmeooheineaelfaaoEiiossmtnnbis-rxsseaseatppeyh,alorseevs;tvcrahueieiferdliaecibsinle.
2in3f0o0rM,m3ua3tt9aio1gn,en3iis4c0ilti8ym).istteuNdd.eiegsatsiuvgegteesrtantoogegneincotfionxdicinegfsfewcetsrefoarlsuonrleepadoretdedga(s2o2l2in8e), (a2l3t0h1o,ugh
aP(2cu2ul9mtAe6o)nn.iniamgreaysltscihosnatundagnieedss (cifnhibdrroiconasiitcseiantnhhdaatlaskctilioedrnnoeseyixspd) aowmsuearrgeeeatoilssouthneelveiapddreeenddtowgmaiitsnhoalniinntehtao(l2xa2itci9o0ne,ffe2ex2cp9to4os).uf re
dhaneeavedesHtlahocupehmseiaaa,tnanwsxaiiuateh,xsiepdnaorsomaewndindsiuvnvtieeaossms,iniaathinnnaddgla;doticeiozcxnzapisnotieoossuns5ra;e0lll0yet-,ov1ec0glo0srm0eoaapftepa1rmn0dt0hg0daa-n3esa0o5tl0ih00n0e(p02pf2opm7rp7m3,re02sc2uat8olnt46)ic.n0auimrsreiintdautetieeospn,
(e1x2p)o.IsnugSreeyssm.tipotnomosf 2o0f ptooi5so0nginogfagraessoilminilearmtaoy tphroosdeunceotseedvearbeoivnetofxoircaintihoanlaitnioandults
65.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS cmoalljeoDcrteictooenmrmopifonnaaetrnioetnps raoetsfterntihbteauttipevdreetsfoeienlgcdaessooalmfinapeu;lethoamonwodetivlvaeebr,ogrtaahsteoolriryneelaantiniavleysosciislonafocnerdnttwhreaattsieoprnersceifoqifuc itrhees
65-34 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
fccroaontmesgtiottrhuieeensstisitn,eaaonufdtoinemivtoeiantlivtcehoengatcasomonliisnntiaettuihoeannvtesdubtheeeetmnosiwedleevanetsthi,feiwreidinllgav.sartTyhhewefiotmhllaotjwiomrinecgo:amndpodnisetnatnce
nbcnbyra-eacapnllnhozkceatahhnlnkeaeedalsenanaenelsdksaanleksylbenzenes
v> cadlooiarsnytssisegStshoiittnfudcuescenaromitnmnstpgaawlinisnniyateghmro.isnpflwetthhitceehosclenloeomccltahpioseosnanedseasnnpdtdaiscctsaeatr.toeerAahtghnigeaah.tllyytsEhivsPeoAslshaatompiulreplod,ltecosaaclrosseholsoibusfoeladrlcsoabonmearpcleyloqesluitlseeirdcoetdfewdittohinipnre1v4ent
'-. 1' ;
vscxcocecapa(opooxhoayrnrrlnrntrollriaielnrsiiodmscleoonoacyiAmecrducnieazsntptsseateaietteai,ccrdtdmrcodcalooaeaomgtptbthctGiiwilrhnilyoouoyboeaCiynmdnmtsniptGlhnrsh,hpnwmooabCeyofaicrteosoe/ieannmnfourtoGlritehunzlerbhaandsColeaospedotGodnts/nnspmbeMfseCtsrseihfea,cponS(/araanM1peewanstpxaa4cracpdiSitltu2ittnalyerarihl2tranaoczaotto)eeleincream.myofdtycpsisrpsecehoihodrActusbnwtirlt)coysimvhniywoviliqeotunaeamGhiunf(almgtreGoethplCigtinlsunlyaqohC(i.ettqsinueor./goouerMeodihAarlci.antiiad,sghnGllSqtvuiaolstepc)uCosentrf.hhoieriiiot/rncabcltooMeinhohFtdteucimirgeleSuhcnsoiian,cn.enfarssloslnoitmauoaqlocaatSmuslomargudoitaarmnirurnpdempfmobearslolrnleu,eoeppeepatm,onsshlhrilcee.siroyhmaeanxsenodm.r,nytdg,aeei(roestGyeaaabbmuahidntcnueenClairtadfcnsd,enitt)Viudqzoonepwaseeaugao)gnrei,nnbnrliotddrupahaedsecbemropl,aaytpilxohgnootbtsieohrqahoyirllssytlu.ilye1edwhutci.todeaeesyiTentnnn-cehlaphtlyexiinioqabe,ctfuasuryrealataiydmtctshitiopiseo;nlnes.
; couShoafpinmsoccnobpeAneolgtenapaanseumsenroruitg-lnssiienneaodetdaefundatcdgolesasdotosdroiealhfltiplaenuusresopmiranrieoingnsdcceiewaesdntnatiurctnireaeocerc-tnoei-vfhspmoeatroisocgfbtaaahfilsllu-esifoteciydblhbeeristresopeoemerdlncamaettttrrieoenoedgcpamrttofiaieorroptontnehemrdi(co3(wf(31p3a21tr0th79oe5ef3)r9i)l)the(.oa,3atn6vapHd8ela9etvbm)tao.eedolreasnnnptiitalrdoecereecssocagrbninabaisetleyiddos.nis
V,-\ Alternatively, the "oil and grease" content can be measured. This determination would not be the measurement of an absolute quantity of a specific component, but crhatahrearcttehriestqicusan(it.iet.a,ticvoemdmetoenrmsoinluabtiiolintyoinf gtrroicuhplsorooftrcioflmuoprooneethnatsnew).ithTshime i"laoril pahnydsical grease" content is defined as any material recovered from extraction with trichlorotrifluoroethane and measured gravimetrically; extraction methods are those described above for aqueous and soil samples.
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-35
afonrdsA/pegdc/gieftifceocrctioonmnonpl-oiamnqeiutnetfosourissaseuaxtmpomepcloteetsid.vetogabseoliinnethweasrannogtedoeftenrgmfiLnefdo;r tahqeudeoeutesctsiaomnplliemsit
65_5 REFERENCES
Nthoetye:apTpheearnoinnstehqeuemnatsiatelrnbuimblbioegrrsaopfhyt.he references reflect the order of references as
2. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) 1980. Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values, 4th ed. Cincinnati, Ohio.
10. ECPCII.n.a.;lv1lDiaR9rhu7oear9npnf.moe,rWeetM,naNRt.taAeo.lLr.;-P.r;ESrePlWoliatmAtehe-caid4tktim4,oe0nonM/r4veA.-iW7,rgo9Fe.n-;n.0CmcG2.y9e;a,nabMtOeaalalfn,fedifsNcater.t-We0i,o2o.f9B;fb.W;M,1Ma2Wat9yea,arbpsIehr.PPyiioln,.ar;gWnittFnyo.oinRnwp,.go;lDellarH.unC,toda.Jl:n.tRS,tUst.B;a,.Sn.JVR.deo.an;lrn.dGisIn.ogausnl,dd,
12. CSToloanxysitc,oonIlno,cgG.y,.D3.r;dCrleavy.toend,.,FV.Eo.l,. e2dAs,. 21B98,1T. oPxaicttoylo'sgyIn. dNusetwriaYl oHrky:giJeonhenanWdiley and
17. TGWooixlskiscienolislno,gCyRo.o.Ef.;CSommimthe,rcRia.Pl.;PrHododucgtes,, H5t.hC.;edB.rBadadltoimcko,reJ:.EH. i1e98W4.ilClialimniscaalnd
-
19. GC.raTnht,omWa.sMP. u1b9l7is4h.eTr.oxicology of the Eye, 2nd ed. Springfield, Illinois: Charles
29. L(1A6e,voa,1i9Ala8b3, )le,19pf8rr3oe,mpaLrToegedcPhbnyaicntahdlepDMaaretaadmbcaehtseeemrSdeParrtvoaijbceeacsst,e,,IPnIocsm.s,uoNeneNawoC.Yo2ol4lrekg(,de,aNtC.eYdla.)rD.emecoenmt,beCrA
31. PLryompaenr,tyWE.Js.t;imRaeteiohnl, MWe.Fth.;odRso. sNenebwlaYtto,rDk:.HM.,cGedrsa.w1-9H8i2ll. HBoaonkdbCooo.k of Chemical
34. Mackay, D. 1979. Finding fugacity feasible. Environ. Sci. Technol. 13:1218-1223.
35. M15a:1ck0a0y6,-1D01.;4.Patterson, S. 1981. Calculating fugacity. Environ. Sci. Technol.
36. M16a:c6k5a4yA, -D66.;0APatterson, S. 1982. Fugacity revisited. Environ. Sci. Technol.
65-36 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE 38. OGMc.aPcc.ukOpi.saotDnio,HnFaH.lWSH.;(eNaSlIttOrhicSGoHfuf),idPReu.lSibn.l;eicsPaatfiorotrnriCdNghoee,.mL8ic1Ja-.1l,2HJ3r.a.z1a9r8d1s.. WNIaOshSiHng/tOonS:HUA.S. 39. HNaatziaorndaoluFsirMeaPterroitaelsc,tio7tnhAedss.oBcioasttioonn: (NNFFPPAA.) 1978. Fire Protection Guide on 45. PPulubnliksehtitn,gEC.Ro.m1p9a7n6y.. Handbook of Industrial Toxicology. New York: Chemical 46. PPhroilcatdoerl,pNhi.aH:.;LHipupginhceost,tJC.Po.m1p9a7n8y. .Chemical Hazards of the Workplace. 47. ANRveagatiiioslatnrbaylleoItnfhsTrtoiotuuxgitcehEothfffeeOcNctscautoipofantCaiolhneLamilbicrSaaarlfyeStouybfasMntadendcHiecesian(letRh'sT(MENCEIOSD)SLDHAa)R.taSbassyeste1m98,4. 51. VSaaxn, NN.oIs.tr1a9n8d4. RDeainnhgeorldouCsoP.roperties of Industrial Materials, .6th ed. New York: 52. ISthncceh.w,Sfoeoplreec,tthiAoenDU.o;.Sf C.CoEhsnetmavsiri,coaPnl.mPP.e;rnoJttaaeclcktPsivoreont,CeJcl.toOitoh.n;inWAg.geeiPtnzrcmeypa.anr,edD.bJy. A19r8t3h.urGDui.deLliitnteles, for 54. SNiettwig,JeMrs.ey1:98N1o. yHesanPdubboloickatoiofnTs.oxic and Hazardous Chemicals. Park Ridge, 59. LTPieobexrriacroRyloeovgfiyeMwDeaCdtaoicmiBnmaen'istkteM(eT.EDDBL)ADRaStasbyastseem1,9N84a.tiAonvaalilaLbibleratrhyrooufgMh etdhieciNnea,tiTonDaBl 60. MUU..1SS6..4CC65oo.aa1ss2tt GGCuuOaaMrrddD. 1I(N9A7Sv8Ta.i.lCaWbHlaeRsIhUSiSnHgGtaoz.nPa,r.OdDo..,CuSs.:tCoDchkeepmNairocta.ml0e5Dn0at-t0oa1f2RT-0er0pa1on4rs7tp-oN2r)ot.a.tion, 74. Mchaecmkiacya,lsDo;f eSnhviuir,oWnm.Yen.,ta1l98in1t,eAresctr.itiJc.alPhreyvs,ieCwhoemf .HRenerfy.'sDalatwa 1co0n:1s1ta7n5-t1s1f9o9r. 135. DTreoavxviieicdwoslo.onf5,:i3It.s1W9m-.3Fe8.t;8a.bSoulmismne,r,mDu.tDag.;enPicaraknedr, cJa.Crc.in1o9g8e2n.icEtphoytleennteiadl.icDhlrourgideC:hAem.
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-37
142. VMaenlchDiuounrneen, ,SB.;.LS.e;idGmoaldns,chI.;mRidott,hB, .MD..;1L97o9w.eCngaarrcti,noGg.e;nSicmitiytho,fAhCal.;ogenated o1l3e5f)inic and aliphatic hydrocarbons in mice. JNCI 63:1433-1439. (As cited in
305. Subchapter C - Hazardous materials regulations. 49CFR171-177
309. Constituents prohibited as other than trace contaminants. 40CFR227.6
351. Toxic pollutants. 40CFR401.15
355. Federal Register 1980. Water quality criteria documents; availability. 45:79318.
504. QNuatiniocnya,lMFAir:e NPFroPtAectRioenpoArstso4c9i-a1t9io7n5. 1975. Hazardous chemical data. NFPA
505. NRaetaicotnioanl sF. iQreuiPnrcoyt,ecMtioAn NAFssPocAiatPiounb,lic1a9t7io5n. MNaon. u4a9l1oMf-H19a7z5a.rdous Chemical
506. NGaatsieosn,aSloFliidrse. PQruoitneccyt,ioMn AAssNocFiaPtAionPu1b97li7c.atPiornopNerot.ie3s2o5Mf F-1la9m77m. able Liquids,
507. MmaanteurfiaacltuSraefrest.y Data Sheets and other safety-related data from chemical
' 510. LVNoaactpuaortriasol,nFsa,nirdQe uDPinruocstytes,cfMtoiorAnEAlNescFstorPcicAiaatliPoEunqbul1iic9pa8mt3i.oennMt Nainnou.Ha4la9zf7ao.rrdCoulasss(iCfilcaastsiiofniedo)f Gases,
511. AE0H7na6mvt,aireyPotaBhnmo8mad0,e-n2fHot2ar.1Kl0d.0R;e5teCe.srhemaerninc,hinJ.gLJ.a;tbhdoeerVactoeomrrayp,,aEtCibRinil.ci;tinySntoaeftpi,hheaOnzHas,r.dRoE.uDsP.;AwSaRtsrteeopsm.o,rMtDu6.Ln0i.0c,/i2p1-a98l800-.
513. Sax, N.I., ed. . Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials Report New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. Bimonthly Publication. .
535. SCuobusntcainlcoesf.E4uMroapyea1n97C6o.m(7m6/u4n6i4ti/eEsEDCi-rOecJtiLve12o9n, 1th8eMDaiysch19a7r6g)e. of Dangerous
536. C19o7u8n.c(il76o/f65E9u/EroEpCea-OnJCLom22m2,un14itiAesugDuisrtec1ti9v7e8)o.n Fishing Water Quality. 18 July
537. CShoeulnlfcisilhoWf aEtuerrso.pe3a0nOCcotombmerun1i9t7ie9s. D(7i9r/e9c2t3iv/Ee EoCn-tOhJe LQ2u8a1li,ty10RNeqouviermedbeorf 1979).
65-38 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
538. 1C9o7u9.nc(i8l0o/6f8E/EuEroCp-eOaJn LC2o0m, m26unJiatnieusarDy)ir. ective on Groundwater. 17 December
542. Council of European Communities Directive on Toxic and Dangerous Waste.
20 March 1978.
-
652. MVaelauness ewterael. e(s6t1im1)awtehdicbhyuAsretshuKr,,Da.s Lthitetleb,asIinsc.ofuseisntgimtahteioenq.uation given by
787. LA7OCM5auoca/butg4roeun0cblh9scleiti/nlEr1g1Eo9197fCo69077fE,;;9uD71,ar41a8so/n3p1Jag/u4e4mea4l6yrn/e7oEn/u1EECd9seCE7odS5mC,;umb,2b7y92s6ut9/n6aM99in0Jta/ciu78ere/l1scsyE/h.EED12E1C9i7r98C,e73J,c13)ut.;01inv97eeD3Me/1o1c9na4e6r6m7cC/.hEbla(Ee61srCs97i6/f,15i99c24;7a586t7/i;E0Jo/un7E1n,98Ce/9P8/a-3E1c19OEk/7EaCJ3gE;,iLCn11g,4961a5,nd16
1409. eUOMc.fouSfnie.coleDlmereoipcfAts,E,ssnoaonvfcidirEaonetnenemsrvgieIrynno.ctna.Aml1sesA9in8snt5taaa.llny,GtshiasSe.seaoDclltrihEnete8aa5nro-ydc0,t1faso4anr6fe9eEt4eyn.nvhcioarnnosnciemdmeerenantt,ti,o:Snatsef.ecthPynroeaplnoadgryeH,deafoltrh.
1570. CGoramnpdojeuannd,s.P.B; oGcaraRndajteoann:, CER.CC., Perdess.s.1984. Biological Effects of Organolead
1606. pNNoCastsIiio-bCnlaGel-cTCaRracn-i8cn6eor,geDInnHisctEiittyWu.teNPC(uNIbClCiIc)aart1ico9inn7so8g.NeBnoie.osa(isNssTTaHyec)ohf7n8i1c-,1a23l-3dR6ib.erpoomrtoeStehraiense Nfoor. 86,
1741. fDNoaHrtiEaoWnraelcPoIumnbsmltiicetuanttdieoendforNstaoOn.cdc(aNurpIdOat.Sio.Hn.)aOl7cS7c-au2fp2eta1yt.ioaPnnBad2l7He6xe6pa2ol1ts.hur(eNtIoOSetHh)y.le1n9e77d.ibCrroimteirdiae.
1743. CNP1,uaa2brt-idcloiiicnnbaaortlgoioemTnnooexNestiioscho.aTln(oeNegcyIhiHnnPi)Fcroa83gl42r4-Ra1me7rpa6to6(sNr. taTPnSBPde8)r2Bi1e-619sC88N31B.7oF1.C102a.1mrc0ii,cneNogT(einPnhe8asi0lsa-t2bi8oi,onaDssstHauyHdySo).f NTP
1744. aWnodntgo,xLic.iCty.Ko.;f W1,2in-dsitborno,mJ.oMet.h; aHnoenign, tCh.eB.r;atP.loTtonxicicko,l.HA. p1p9i8.2P. hCaarrmcaincoogl.enicity 63:155-165.
1745. WNaatsiohninagltoRne,seDa.rCc.h: NCaotuionnciall (ANcRaCde)m1y98P6r.eDssr.inking Water and Health Volume 6.
1759. EAR.roMcwh.e.,1I9Vn5d.2K...H;TySogxp.iecOnitccyecruo,pfH.e.MtCh.ye;dleM.n6ec:C1d5oi8bll-ri1sot7me3r.i,d(eDA.dsDe.ct;eitrHemdoilnilniendg1s2ownaonredtxhp,1e7Rr4im.1L)e;ntAadlaamnism, als.
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-39
1793. 3P7r3opFoisnaall.fo4r JaulCyo1u9n8c5i.l Directive on the Dumping of Waste at Sea. Com (85)
1811. Sthveomviac,inJi.t;yHoofuaziirmpo, rVts.. 1E9n8v4i.roPnr.oGteecotilo.nWoaftgerroSucni.dw6:a2t1e-r30fr.om oil pollution in
1843. aEcGhsnhsaeearrssasgsciyentmegSriio,ssuitmMirccis.l;easorPfi7ati:sne3oas7mh7al-eno4do0w,1id.dAief;flyeQrueunsiecndelsivpabenetr,towSlee.eu1nm98sy4fun.efPlushe:ylasaicnradelfeparneedtnrcocefhuedemaltipacarobl dausectsfo. r
1845. AASmiirritFFho,orrJcc.Hee .dB;iasHstieal,lrapFteelro,rainJdd.aC:.h;EigJnhagbidenree,nesHriitn.yg1f9ua8en1lds..ASRenreavplyiocsreitss NaLnoad.boEernSavtLoir-rToyn.Rm-8e1n-t5a4l. fTatyendoafll
1846. v
ANOSDpRoefafg.-iirc5nEae7,dP-JoFaA.ftC--i2o6R.-;n0Ae0Ss-o/oe0Xfam1-rj68ece.r3htv-G0fialu5ulnee9ld,lf,
CBhDAy.rCiedrev.re;eFozlLceooa,prerceFmbe,Lo/eTEn:nsJPtU..Ab;.SyB.IanuEqttenulervarait,rgicoeLnnm.Cmcyi.ce;rnABotgbaoriluaerPleqmrcuooietmnne,ctmtAiNuoWnnoi.t.Aieg1s.9en8R3ce.yp, ort
1847. NSNfucAaeitelSino/acAndeaCdsl.iTtAi/vPcea-s7d5feo5mr,yNhioTgfThwSScaNiyeonv.ceePhsBic-2le5Ns4a0at8nio8dn. atWhl eaRirsehscienoagmrtcobhnu,sCtDioo.unCn.pc:'irNlo,ad1tui9co7tn6s.a. lRFAeupceaoldrstemaNnyod.of
1848. PpMeoetlridtozicleeirnu,emI.aRinn.d; tDBheieoLlmoegaoirncina, leI.SRecn.;iveinLrcoaensemDteeernp,ta.Jr.RLtm.epe1no9tr8,t5W.toIamAshpmiancegtrtioconan,nhDPuCemt.raonlehuemaltIhnsotiftute,
1849. aEC1n9nod8vl4eimnr. ooaTn.n.h2,eCWfoiudn.eEetlan.;omtiiMfl.ictTuahnotaixctohincp,oaalJr.n.tWdi1t3i.;om:1nS7eta1irns-e1utio7crh8et.mehree,nRatq.Pouf.e;ocRuosminppghhoaansneendt,asfHtien.Pr.g;maKsixooilnpingf.ele,Ark,recFrh.oC.s.ene,
1924. VPpCBeraeoticllnrluk,ocm.leRetLeu.oWSmnV..;;ISh.cHLyiAedaenprpnotpleiec,lfriaiecM,rdbDP.oLTu.nI,bos.;.lexidisHMchsoa.ealrnocAssFg,deyanvIrn,aolacnfK.ncPde.L,setHri1no.9Nle8M.u4;o.mHdTeoHhrlnedysdawErconoucrvtatiehrrob,tnooCmnx.isEce.on.;PltoarMglinyaTccoeoGtfxorinsceeo:glloeocrg,tyeJ.d.A;
1930. AMTeFacAchEnMwicReanlL,-RTJe.RDpo-.;8r4tV:-0e10m918.o4tN., MAE.rRHI.F-8o14r9-c84e42.,ATAeorDoxis-cApaH1c4ae7z-aM8r5de7sd.icRaelseRaersceharUchnitLaAbnonruataolry.
65-40 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE 1932. Basrpigehctt,s Po.fEp.;etBreorlethuemlotf,ueJl.sP.;- GEbenboerna,lGp.rPi.n;ciEpylerse.s,PAB.8R4.-;23F0r4at8i0, .R 1985. Health 1935. B17E4R-2I.CHTE 1982. Effects of n-hexane in man and animals. Research Report 1937. LHiabzraarrdyooufs MSuebdsitcainnecse MDaEtDa LBAasReS(HsySstDemB). 1986. Available through the National s 1939. sNCPtuuaabtrdiclioieicnnsaaotolgiofeTnnxoeyxNsliieocsno.Tel(oseNgc(yIhmHnPiix)rceoa8dgl7)r-Ra2imne5p8F3o(N3.rt4T4SP/eN)ri1re9ast8sN6.aunTmdobxeBirc6oC3l2o37gF,y1NamnTdiPce-cT.aRrNc-Ti3nP2o7g.enDeHsiHs S 1984. Federal Register 1985. Hazardous waste management system; identification and
listing of hazardous waste. 50:37338. 1986. 11697J5u.nCeo1u9n7c5il (o7f5/E4u39ro/EpEeaCn-OCJom19m4u,2n5itiJeuslyD1ir9e7c5t)i.ve on Disp. osal of Waste Oils, v 1987. hFyeddreorcaalrRboengisftrearcti1o9n8;7.FiEnathl yteltsotlusteannedsa, rtdrsimaentdhyrlebpeonrzteinngesraenqduirtehme eCn9ts.ar5o2m:2a5t2ic2. ,,1988. C9 aromatic hydrocarbon fraction. 40CFR799.2175 ,,2012. WU.Sas.hEinngvtiorno,nmDCen:taUl.SP.roEtnecvtirioonnmAegnetnaclyP1r9o8te6c.tiQonuaAlitgyenCcryi.teEriPaAfo4r4W0/5a-t8er6.-001. 2228. EWnovrirldonHmeeanlttahl OHregaaltnhizaCtrioitner(iaW2H0.OG) e1n9e8v2a.:SWeleocrtldedHPeeatlrtohleOurmgaPnrizoadtuiocnts. 2243. dCaniofdfreargpercnoituoignaldlue,wqMauta.eYtri.o;wnBistahvesha.rns,ienAmglpe1h9ca8esl5ils. mIomnodmpeiles.tcriWbollaeetu.cmoSnchtia.ymdTrienoccahan.rtb1ot7rn:a2sn:3s-s3py7os.rtteminosfoils 2248. cMahnaedmcISinsettryrvyrie:c,esseWdL.iGmab.e;onrStamtwoitrahyt,e,rCRi.enLpt.;eorrdatecFtNiuoorn.,.EPTS.yOLn.-d;TaSRllu-,A82Cir-.0WF6,o. rN1c9oe8v1Be.maHsbeye,drFrLo1c9,a8Er1b.nogninefuereling 2249. rNCeaovr.ielsEwoSn. L,T-RyTn.REd-.a8ll119-A58i01r., FTOohcrtecoebbeiBorlaos1ge9i,8ca1F.lLd, eEgnragdinaetieorninogfasnpdillSeedrvjeictesfuCeles:ntaerl,itRereaptuorret 2252. RBo.Mss.e,ret,d.I.;PeBtarrotlheau,mR.M1ic9r8o4b. iTolhoegyf.atNeeowf Ypoetrrko:leMumacminillsaonil Peucobsliysshtienmgs.CoAmtlpasa,ny.
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-41
2253. oPVanxuaidbndlaiRdsthieeoerlnarstsLe,iodnpfdpSpe.une4bt,6rjeA9oc-lCet5su4.;m6o.fThBhyiijdosrcsohec,eamGribJsot.rEnys.,. 1VN9oo6rl5ud.m,TFeh.FeX.,XmeVedcI.hI.aAnNdisvemawncoYefosrmikni:crEIonnbtzieayrlmscoielongcye
2255. eAntvlairs,onRm.Men.ta1l98p1e.rsMpeiccrtoivbei.alMdiecgrroabdioalt.ioRnevo.f 4p5e:t1r8o0le-u20m9.hydrocarbons: An
*
2257. aJSWoaSinanolktuFetCrrha,onJnLc.fioDesucr.;ioes.niCacnoelawocenrllu,tdhRee.RoPi.rl;eevPmeentprtlaiookyniisn,agnLdco1Cm9o7pn5ut.treoArlizsoetfuddOmyilaosPfsotslhlpueetcibotrinoo,dmepegptr.ray6d.0aI1tni-o:6n05o. f
2259. iCpZnhebdopeutpmco,ecodhRsep.rmGheea.i;crcaetBiloa1bnu0esg:h1hoa0mfv9i-aao1nqr1,u7oa.Gfti(.LcvAa.sp;roiScolilcutuhestdlaohntuiztnmsha2ipcu2he5sor2ut,)obPsset.Fann.sict1ei9zs8e1idn. bCwyoamtheurpm.arIi.cisSosnuunbolsitfgahntces.
2277. Fortenbery, J.D. 1986. Gasoline sniffing. Am. J. Med. 79:740-744.
2278. Kfoulleohwninelg, Ega.;soFliisnheerin, gPe.st1io9n86. .KAidcnuetey Irnent.al29i:n3j0u4ry. Alimbsittreadctt.o the upper poles
2279. Tmiannkaegr,emTe.Dnt.. 1J9.8O6.klHahydomroacaSrbtaotne iMngeeds.tiAonssoinc.c7h9il:d9r5e-n1:01it.s sequelae and
2280. MAnoornbyidmitoyuasnd198M5o. rGtaalistoylinWeesenkilfyfinRgepaonrdt l3e4a:d44t9o-x4i5ci0t.y among siblings - Virginia.
2282. sHyunndtreorm, eA?.GT.eWra.;toTlohgoym2p0s:o7n5,-8D0..; Evans, J.A 1979. Is there a fetal gasoline
2283. sKeeravricneeys,taCti.oAn;. JD.uAnmha.mIn, dD. .HB.yg1.9A86s.soGc.as4o7l:i5n3e5v-5a3p9o.r exposures at a high volume
2284. P11o:k3l5is-,41A. ; Burkett, C.D. 1977. Gasoline sniffing: a review. Clin. Toxicol.
2286. cShyermaciucsaelsRinesetharecwhoCrkoprplaocrea:tigoanso1li9n8e5.. PMBo8n6o-g1r4a3p4h19.on human exposure to
2287. s6Jp:e2elt7ce1tsr-,o2m7R8.e;.trdyenfoTrodnekteerlamairn,aWtio.nAMof. m19in7e2r.aGl oaisl cdhisrsoomlvaetdogirnapwhaytevre.rWsuasteinrfrRa-erse.d
2290. fKuuenlsa.,JR. A.Am;eUr.lrCicohll,. CT.oEx.ic1o9l8. 43.:2S1u7b-c2h2r9o.nic inhalation toxicity of two motor
65-42 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
2292. ehHxyapdiodrsoeucrar,erCbs.o.AnP;acroVtmaIInp.GoEnovernaplt,us.aGtJ.iS.o.nA; moHf.attIohnuedmm. H,epNyhg.rS.o.A,tosWxsoiaccri.tny4e,7o:Tf1.7tMh3-e.17m159a.8j6o.rGCa4s/Col5ine vapor
2293. Aitsneolfn.yPmeosutiscid1e98a6n.dGTasooxliicneChaedmdiitcivael Ntoexwicsi.tyJusanied 1n1o,t1t9o86e.xcpe.e8d-9t.hat of fuel
2294. scPhhaaermlkee-irdst,errGyiv.seAtdu;ddiBeisost.giloFla,utVned.;faumYel.o,uAmnpgapr,li.nReT.:Wolxi.gich1ot9l8.m67.i:c1Ar0oc1su-c1toe0p5it.coxhiceimtyatooflopgeitcroalnedumse-ruanmd
22%. Cooper, P. 1980. A whiff of petrol. Fd. Cosmet. Toxicol. 18:433-434.
2297. wZuatrecrhse:ra, nFa.l;ysTishuaenrd, Mint.er1p97re8t.aRtioanpsid. Ewneva.thSecri.inTgepchroncoel.ss1es2:o83f8f-u8e4l3.oil in natural
. 2298. iPInnuhtbealrl.an3tai2toi-no3n2sa1tlu6d5R.ye.sSeaprocnhsoarnedd DbyevtehleopAmmeenrticCanorPpoertraotiloeunm19I8n3s.tiMtuotet.orAPfuIelMcBhrSoDnic
'>2299. fe
uhPHUnuunymlbdievlraa.eodnr3ces2adhi-rte3ibeag0osla1ntsh9Ao2.tlso.isSnxopieccoiietanyxts:epodoraescfuduortrebe,yRosetfuhsbreecoahdrArcemohnntesiarcniwcdaaintnEhddPccueohctmrraootminloeienucnmteisnffIoePnncasttsttihthuioentloesr.giegyAln,aPitIfiInioccnaM.nt1Bco9eS8Dt3o.
;>2300. iPLneittttrhoonelemBumioounIsenetsicdtisot,umtIienn.ca.Ln1Bt9Il8e0Pt.hraoMljeuactstasagNyeo.n.iFc2iint1ya1l4e1vr-ea0pl2uo.arttA.ioPSnIuobMmf BgitaStseDodliPntoueb,tlhA. eP28IA-m3P1Se3r-46ic4a.funel
2301. PA2R,his2csa,h4ersa-mtsrrmadicmseooneln.tt,h8oyK2fl:p.3Ate1hn;6et-aW3gn2eie2nlm.ointeorxh, iuJcm.Lpa.;ontSelnmytmiitaphlh-Sooifbmluapnsstlosenai,dneDvd.i;tgrSoa.ksooTlpionexkei,caoTnl..dRA.p1p9l.86.
2311. v
OUrains.fSdkfi.cfSerEtoanomnvfdiraHeorxendpamsol,tsehuWnrtaeaanslthdoPinrEggonattovseonicrtl,oiinonDnem.CveAa.ngpteaonlrcAvyisas1e9ts8hs4em. egEnastst,oimlOinafetfiiocmenaorokffeAttihinregQpsuyubsatlleiictmyhP(edalarltnahfnti)n,g
2313. coEofsnpOtya,imlL.ai.nnWadt.eHd1a9dz8ar5ri.ndAkoiunssgtuMwdyaatteoerrf.iaiMnlsdaoCionorentaDriroelp,ptoA,lluougftuiEosntnav,iinrMohnaominmeeen.stawl iPthropteectrtoiolenu, mBureau
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
65-43
2314. PwSrhaoetteheractwtaio,itnhA, TeBm.upr(nheaaousidsoafotenO).iglHaaseonaldlitnhHe.asiMzganraidifnoiceuasnDcMeepaaotreftrmpiaoellnlCuttoaonnfttrEocnlo,vnAitrauomnguminsetaant,etadMl darininek.ing
2318. ToC1i9ool8xlet4ihcm.oaTatl.nhp,1ea3Wri:td1i.te7Ein1o.;t-ni1fM7iic8nau.ttnoiocthnh,eaJn.aWdqu.m;eSoeautrsseuiprcehhmearse,enRtaf.oPtef.;rgRamsiionxlgiinhngae.,nAdk,recrHho..sPeE.n;neKv, ioarponnfdl.enrC,oo.Fn2.tCa.fmue. l
2319. 8M3o:9r9ri-s1,0W0, .1E021-190853., G10a6s.oline compositions in the no-lead era Oil Gas J.
2320. csPPHyorrosneotaptjegremao,crltseGl.idNn.SEgofto.o.;grrUarBsUsSr,o.uGlSCien.STlleGD:, 8heCIp3ynJd2as.t-;rri0ottmM6uca,teaerNnrblotToefnyoI,SWfpMtaNahr.toCetei.r.tIiPnoR1Bnt9eei88rsn45oigo.-ur2Ara,4cn2Geds9ste,0uto7rdUla,oynngisoivpcfeorStrshtuiteriynvmeoygefrcRoChueaonsnntdinoswmneac,stteiVcruAt.
2321. pLoelsyebmuatynl,enWe.Gpi.pe1.98J6o.urWnaalteAr WcoWntAam, iNnoavtieomnbcearu,se1d98b6y:39g-a4s3o.line permeating a
2322. cOhsagroaocdte,riJs.tOic.s.19G7r4o.uHndywdraotcearrb1o2.n(dAisspceirtseidoninin23g2r0o)undwater: significance and
2323. MGraotuisn, dJw.Ra.te1r997.1.(APsetrcoitleeduminc2o3n2t0a)mination of groundwater in Maryland.
2324. VHHayapgid.oerAr,sEsCxopc.Ao. s;Ju.rV4ea7sn.:1GP6ao4rr-t1p7,I2.G.C.Sh.a;rHacatteoruizmat,ioNn.So.;f Wwoarmkpel,aTce.Mex. p1o9s8u6r.esGaAsmol.inIend.
2325. Em10da:en8n6u,-f1aR0c5t.Qu. r.eE,.p1r9o8p5e.rtiAesddaintidveuss,ebs.leCnrdiiLngRaegpe.nAtsppanl.dCahlteemrn. a(tTiveecshnfuoel.ls:Gtahseoilrine)
2326. THraegnedrs, W9:3.M6-.4,11. 986, Additives for gasoline and diesel fuels. Chemical Times and
2327. OTpOeucvrpteforaobv,reimRerw,a.Cn1(c.9;Se8/Pd4D-.i6sot0rr3ieb)r.u,tCiWoJna./,rqru1ea9nl8dit4ay,l.eG, IaPns:AoliFnuSeeoalcsniedatnyddioeLfseuAlbufruticoeamlnaotsdtidvTieteicvEhennsgofilonoregeyr:s, AInnc.;
2328. aMuItLom-Go-t3iv0e5,60co, m5bJaut.ly 1979, Amendment 2. Military specification - gasoline,
65-44 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE 2329. o4An3m17gerr, iocHuanenadlwPtheattreaornldeaunEmdnveIinnrhostanintmuceteendt(arAlePcSoIcv)iee1rny9c7eb9sy. DUseunprdftae.,rcgtWarnoatussnh. diAngPmtIoonvP,eumDblCeinc.attioofngNasoo.line 2330. Yh12ya-dn1ri4og,caa,1r9Pb8.oM4nsH.. 1oI9nu8:s4tHo. naG,zraTorXudno.duws aWtearstaebsaatenmdeEnnt vtiercohnnmiqeunetaslfEormreermgeonvcaileso,fMreafrinched 2331. JoBacimotadineseognrga,adVsao.tWliion.ne;.SRSyahmyamproposlneiudym,, JR..M.LLo..;;ndKHoaunpd:lsaAonnp,,pAJliM.eOd..,S1ec9di7es6n..cPeBrioPocdu.eboglifrsah3derardstiIoLnntt.do.f high 3005. GEGAxCoopvvGoeesrrIunnHrmmeReeInnenttcdaaollimcIIemnnsddefuunossdrttrra1iitaa9illo8nH8sH-y1yfg9ogi8rei9en.n1isi9tsC8st.s8i,n-1cT19i9hn88rn98e.a.stAhi,omlOdehrLiiocia:mnAitCmVoeanrlifuceaernsenaCcneodnofBfeiroelnocgeicaolf -3016. AQluaaslkitayWStaatnedrarQdusa, lliatystSatmanednadredds, 11/978/78.7.AAlalsakska-aA, dTmitilneis1t8ra, tCivhea. pCtoerde7,0W. ater f? 3059. pBreelk-cinon, cFe.n; tHraatbiolen, pMro.Aced1u9r8e8..BAunlla.lyEsnisviorofng.aCsoolnintaemin. Twoaxteicrolu.si4n0g(2a):2st4r4ip-2p4in8g. v. 3127. uCshinudgylka,seWr ,f;luKoernenscye,nJc.eJaarnvdis,fibGr.e; oPpothilcisg., IKn.Te1c9h873. 4M(5o)n:5it3o-r5i7n.g of ground water I 3074, SBeolnfds,erAvEic,e; sTtahtoiomnpvsoenh,icVle.Lre;fuOerltinmgane,xpGo.sCu.r;eBsltaucdky,.FI.NM:.;PSroigcsebeyd,inJg.EsJorf. t1h9e86.
EC19Po8nA6trEEolPnvAAisrAsooPncmCiaeAtniotSnaly, mMRpaoolnesiiiutgohmr,inoNgnorSMtyhsetaeCsmaursroeLlminaeabn,otrpaopt.for4Ty5o8ax-ni4cd66At.hrePAolrluPtaonlltus.tioUn.S. 3135. CCQooummalmmityoonnSwwtaeenaadllttahhrdoosff, VV11iirr/1gg/ii8nn8iia.a SSttaattee WWaatteerr CCoonnttrrooll BBooaarrdd RReegguullaattiioonnss, 1W98a8t.er 3193. sfEupieeclcestmrioanmns,eotGirlys.A.uI;snintF.gleJi.hsecEahndevrsip,raoMcne..EAa.;nnaLallye.saiCssuhwreeim,th.Cp2.S8h.(o41t)o9:-28i77o.9n-iS2ze9an6tsi.oinng-ioonf pmeotrboilcithyemical - 3220. 8F/l3o0r/i8d8a. WFlaotreidraQWuaaltiteyr SQtaunadliatyrdSsta1n9d8a8r.dFslo1r7i.d-a3. Water Quality Standards 17.-3, 3391. SsLh.e;obrRotw-otyei,trzmG, .Hb.1i;o9a7Bs9rs.uaysCisco.kmE, mnDvo.i;nrolMyn.autMsheedustoafnug,eelnDs..;a1nJ:d1a7gs2ao-nl1vn7ea3nt.hts, eDv.aRl.u;atReededin, Ma .b;aGtteoroydeo,f
AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE
6545
3407. uoLrnosuicnrhyev,diDvuoJle.td;oSaumnndiltehra-edOpelldiicvaegtrai,vsoeTli;DneNB.uATttoesxryiwnctoohlr.etshAi,spBpin.lE. r.Path19ak8ri7md.naeAcyosls.cees8lsl7sm:1ee2xn7pt-o1os4fe0d. in vitro 3408. s2BLy,ou2nut,t4trhe-yert,rwsiiDmsorJeitn.th;h,hySBelmpp.eEaintt.btoa-1cOn9ye8ltie.6vs.eTrAto,rxseTisace.t;oselsdS.mtArienopnmptv,lio.vSofP.;uhaJannirsdrmcthliaene,cdovRuli.lt.e;r8do5M:wa1inc1itdh-h2a3rluo.enpplloeiucaaldoteisvd,eGgDa.;sNoAline or 3418. ThMiogaxhci-Nceoanluoergggyhy,toVsnyo,nl.MthV.eGtIiI.c;. fUudeldsi,nC, hDa.pEt.er19D8C3. ATdovxaicnocleosgyinofMmodixeerdn dEisntvililraotnemaenndtal 3432. QMuaaslsiatychSutsaenttdsarWdsa,te1r2/Q31u/a8l3i.tyMSatassnadcahrudsset1ts98331.4MCaMssaRch4u.0se0t,ts Surface Water 3471.. AoUfs.Ssue.nsEslemnavedinerdto,ngUma.Seson.ltiEanlne.vPirErooPtneAmc/t6eio0nn0ta/6lA-P8g7er/no0tc0ey1ct.1io9On8f7fA.icgEeevnoacflyuH,ateWiaolnathshoiafnntgdhtoeEnc,navDricr.Cionn.omgeennitcailty 3501. WNeawterYoSrtakndPaurbdlsic, CDoridnekiRnegviWsioante,reSffteacntdivaerds1/91/98899,. New York Public Drinking 3504. ENfafteicotnsalofInCshtietumtiecaflorSuObcsctaunpcaetsio. nOalnlSinaefetfyilea,nJdanHueaarylt.h 1989: Registry of Toxic 3528. eN1f,yf2el-acdntisdcheorlof,rpPoe.e-ttOrho.a;lnOien.loMDfsrusotosanot,p. hHRil.e;as.Rm5ae7sl:ma1n6uo3sgo-1an6s,7teB.r.;. 1S.vEafhfelicnt,sHo.f 1b9e7n8z.enMeuatangdenic 3535. agOlaplsshooalni2n,ueM-.gTlJo.ob;xuiBclihonal.ginwAaptnhp,el.BrP.eDhna.a;rlmMparucoroxtliy.m,9aC0l:.V4tu3.Rb-5u.1;l.eRs ooyf, mAaKle. r1a9ts87e.xApocsceudmutolautinolneaodfed 3539. rOuclec.upFaetdio. nRaelgSisatf.et5y4:a2n3d32H. ealth Administration 1989. Air contaminants: final 3587. tRWheeagtuSerltaatQtieounoalfiNtAyor.Sk2taannasdsaasar.mdsenfodredSuWrfaatceer WQuaatelirtsyoSftatnhdeaSrdtasteforofSAurrfkaacnesaWs a1t9e8r8s.of 3689. 3gHSa2t.os7-Jt:tc.7mh01r9e9o-i8s7mt71ea.4rt.T,ogrEar.ac;epHhayenraamluyetsnoisamuoa,ftiHcca.;prbaHtuterenertdnoerrl,eacPno.d;gnFdiieteiiosleenrl.,fFDure.e;lssNeinnaiguwesl'a,tZeMr. .A;usnDianolg.bbCceahrpekimlalau.r,y
65-46 AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE 3616. vWMaap.HcoF.r;.arBJl.alunAmdm,, .HSC..CNo.l.;l.1U9T8lo4rxi.cicAho,lc.Ch3.rE(o4;n):iHc23oi1nld-h2saw4l8ao.tritohn, sCtu.Edy; Kwiitthchuenn,leDad.Ned.; gHaasollliiwneell, 3627. sTStceuhrdraieteiosngeteron,iecCva.hAlauzaa1tr9ed8sr3.e.ApPrdeovtd.ruoMcletoiuvdme. eEafnnfedvcitrpso,enti.rnoT:leoAuxsmisceoslps.rm3o:de2nu9tc-t4so5:f.ARebprrioedf urcevtiiveewaonfd 3672. QSouuatlhityDSatkaontdaarWdsa,te2r/8Q9.uSaoliutythStDanakdaortadsC1h9a8p9t.erSo7u4t:h04D:0a2kota Surface Water 3683. dSotactuemWenattaetrioPnr.oDgreacmems bTeerle1p9h8o8nethSrouurvgheyF1e9b8r9u.arPyer1s9o8n9a.l communication and 3719. SN11ue7rb.fraacsekaWWateartesroQf uthaelitSytaSttea,ndreavrdissed19e8f8fe.cNtievber8as/2k9a/8W8.aNteerbrQauskalaityStSattaen, dTairtdles for 3763. f5Uo1.r:S2.e0xE4i2snt9vi,nirgaonnadmnd1e9nn8tea8wl, P5s3ro:ou4tr0ec5cet6si2o.onf4A0pgoCellnFucRtyio4n01:3986A65.ptpGoexennicdeirxpaolBllp.urtaentrtesa. tFmeedn.tRreeggiuslta.ti1o9n8s6, 3852. WWyyoommiinngg GWraotuenrdQwuaatelirtsy, R12u/l8e4s. aCnhdapRteegruVlaUtiIo.ns 1984. Quality Standards for 3853. WRChuyaloepmsteianrngdI.WRaetgeurlaQtiuoanlsi,tyQRuuallietsy aSntdanRdaergduslaftoiornWs y1o9m84i.ngWSyuormfainceg WWaatteerrs,Quality
COMPLEX MIXTURES
eotttfhhhoxfrpeeeesetainerhnraiitmlmstieueTrealrranehteecstcisrtashoiiloaawfcnlpfhsetistanhlelcpe-odradtsfinemenratfgvhaisndateercreeryeladaoiplacssaogtlecirrwlvcttyoheoeiutadrahpidtsniigainonpsrgfocetuosdchtlsmooiteieimbmnptflpohtelaes.loet,xleuoolrIwnmyrotdiuinsusxtthhgtteiwouelciuroazheslsefdtadoaspmrynbtaanoedengrdt/dehsoni.freoicpsetocidreslnod,adbas,tsiashthbieonoolyfnewfcosceae.rovrsmmeesTarup,rrhloyeatefuthslibneaneuctdgttfseta.ihfdcnoetgloTilrnrochesowdemmcsieafapnotnnohrtyssmeiinotaaoiffdtoluundttuehelsindoenec,fdee ;cwdtphleraeapolstlspeneiaonrdsfftioiTwnecrghsiomtemhaoacnpttgcyioeoopfuonroingcdrarwdimnlasagupcswlhoatamiaotcvsiopatlnghiooli.ncaevabeeitnMnlnieo.t.tsanennsaPydnohedoyfdfsapiutcprhasopeeldr/.scouehxceFitmmmuuiraixsctttehaeu.lercrepmosrImnooaprpreseeoo,rsmbtitithleieeosenncdofaoefostrdefemsntt,uhotwleahmetemirrooeeidnxfisnotfuyrovretaet,rhsaytevhaiawrreieilptarhbphalnyrseosgeiveacoiarsdfloeovndrartaiihfseed seencvtiiroonnsmInoennatdthdaeintidopnraintbcoirpiteahfleocvdoeamrtavpioefnowrenotthfsetahmnediirxmttuoarxjeiocriittysae.dlfd,ittihveescohfapthteer mthixattufroel,lotwhesiralfsaotecoinntathines
FUEL OIL
COMMON SYNONYMS:
FuJFRCKeIuoaelMeanrOllogsoieoleiinlloNeinloo.:.
1* 1
FuDFeuileesOleoilliloNi1lo-.(D:lig1h-Dt)'
FuDFHeuiloeemsOleeiollihloNienloao.t:.in22g' oil
FuFDeuileesOleiolliloNi2lo-.D(:m2e-dDiu`m)
FuFReuelesiOldioulialNlnofou.:.el44*oil no. 4
FuFRNeuealseviOlydioulsiaplNlncofoiu.a:.ell55f'ouiell nooil. 5
FuBFReuuelseniOlkdeioulrialNlcnofoou.:.iell66'oil no. 6
FuFeuleOl iolilNo.: UNSP"
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION: 'i'nTFUhtehEecLormeOcpIoLord"sitiisonfogrivgeenneric
CAS REG. NO. NIOSH NO.
8008-20-6
OA5500000
66-1
68476-30-2 HZ1800000
68476-31-3
68553-00-4 LS8950000
"OAAlrleiofpmmhaiacttiicchyhhdyyrddorrcooaccraabrrobbnoosnnss 6134.05.0%.0%%- 2.0%
66-2 FUEL OIL
CPHHEYMSIICCOA-L (FDNuAoel.TOA1)il
ACODFFOFBPllhroouedf7daaoeynli(.otsomol5aerosshirrr0itnzii:mc:tvg%egTayP1an/al:MhoK5ribPCtiirSflnooieeCooee0otuirtlrsaln.n:t)oosh8Lt(trsefr1o:PiTugel:am3l0eonrdeen80siial1me:nsgt.Ld0s5-teto:lpi1e0t:oiqiNos.klf:usott0eo0o-ioobr.d.419f6r1d8-73o->175fa(14w6,ua57tt4..0aot3.e08n,05%l082g,1ot0/8CCoamitlnCCoL3dN)259oI..0D.0l)tCo SVVLSSSHB57((oaouoiiaaadCe..sotlir4g5ttpnulcdecofoEprob.ao2e2Aa(ysrecinf1O0+tCild'fenmtisc0.PtycsoCC)d.yo6T:tL:rni))arFenemeainpsnan,gw31s.o3csu./i.l3tomWi1nCr-ooC-n5Werno7oaA2o::l.:etng0aiefrtsr(6tfr2o:aNtea.2:.:.trd:11o1e2N-2P.-399-d055oaf22.6a.o6r695CtrdtEdm.aEi4)atycf+-gitpun0oma/0eLne52m/(lcat(mottoaoHitl2sg1210C-5C) )
(((666000)))
((6600)) (((155555211000,,,647566),,10055,,,0165563000,),615,,07) (60) ((26209) 7) ((6S0e)e Table 66-3)
(See Table 66-3) (See Table 66-3)
FUEL OIL
66-3
CPH(NHFDEoYu.AMeSlT1II-COCADOAi)l-L
FFDBOPCOlhrooedd(aeaynilosoloetshsirrrizni:c:te1gTaPy/5lM.ohKPCCirSnoeeoe0t)tirlsal.n:too8httres1oP:e:lR0leodn0sia1:ensLn5-ttli1:gotiqNokeu0tsoe-iob.d49frd8r3o>a(o6wa5ttm0oat8n82g310/88Cm-C7CL4)C AVLHBVSSSSF35Nd((auoolioiauaae..aosetli3rog5nptttudlcmpcfo.Eoroab.oe22Ati(mysrconign1+O10Cild'e-snticda0P5tcoys7CC.ibyi6TotLr:nt.na)0)liFreeeeagoin6psnan,wns1o.Lcsoui.ltWi1nniC-rTooCm5WerneoaAo2:g:im:ettnariesfrtsat:prf2o:Nte.2d:..:.r::11eo012P.,-Nft9d6515o9oat6a.7oror.95tt673tomaEifd.E22t0cu-agi67p0+oet/..t5Lnal4d50o(%y2aotmC(n3itoal2temoto2/97ce1.2.m0f4H0fC.Cg)C):n)
(((666000)))
((((((5556661510200001,6,7,)))656,,01550,,01,56573000))6,65,,0540,7)
(60) ((6202)97) (60) (See Table 66-3) ((SSeeee TTaabbllee 6666--33))
66-4 CPH(HFDENYuAMeoSlT.II2CCOA) OAil-L
FUEL OIL
VFAVBFSSBODFOSPSLCHaooullhroiioouaeddeaasotlierynibdolg(fNf(((C57(pnotudcolmslocoaaaauefasoi.yshi.eroorr.ba4oorloirz5ntttttAieim(:pscsyr:ctignee.OvlEgCiTalyPde2'2e2v22ftn/isaco1lP:Mfnty1o00+co011ahsoK.bPil.Cy-To:tiLdrnt)ruirS50llotnai:eCCCCCFereioeeeei0maoto6ioirnntplssnaNnal,n.)))))wnt:1usooh8o.gLetc3s6tu.iosesr7oltPWi1:n.i9TCr-e:oloC.3omRl05eoWg-endnrenoa0A12so5:irai::e1mt:ntsetL6naainos-5efttrgt9sdl:itprf1o:gt2o:iqNrteN.2:7eok..e.:aCru::1s1.ot0seo01d0-io2bN-.dP4..o6-e399f9f6rd15d85oraof25to6.>07a.(afo6orr90w5ao5t7fttdmtdEmEa0tuatori8.ng2aoyt0ce+-8grit62pngf0ol31aa/0.7u0t/eL5n488dComo.2e/5-ceCil7Ctm0Llm3sot4)%2omo9Cf.0HCg
((((66660000)))) (((666000)))
(504,506,507) (51,60,506,507) (5510,76,05,1540)6, (60)
(2297) (60) (60) (See Table 66-3) (See Table 66-3) (See Table 66-3)
FUEL OIL CPH(NHFDEoYuA.MeS2lTII-CCOADOAi)l -L
66-5
AFDCOFBOFPlhrlouoeddfNd(taaeoaonyilteoomsoloerostsiphrrrinz.6iim:ce:tgv2e9gTayP5nan0/a-l:Mohdr1KiPbCtCiiSr6ilonoieenoeeo90t)iutrlasglnn.t:oosh8LtCterso7o:PiTg:elmRl0neorfdnesoiaiam:entstgLrd1nso-tr:p5lieg:tgqiaN1so.0ker:du.so0eao-9eibtdd4.o5f6fr1d8fer0oo7af(so>twuar7ttmog5aoote.n/0f8lmf7u2381.ot0ef5L88ouil%C-lCe7Co3lN4)D2oo9Ci..l01C
SHVBVSSLSaouoioia35eN((ostilraagn.p.uldcc3fo5ttoro.baoA.E(ysrc2ni2tOCild'oe+101tsicPtycos-.0y5Tot:7rCLCn5aFre.eeai))0npsna,nw6s1o.csui.ltWin1Cr-ooC5WernoaAo2:::etnaiefrtstrf2o:Nte.2:..:r:11o1-2NP.59t9d5ooat.6a.6or9m5tD3t2aEi22gEcta-i6/p0toL+d.a5n40y((an2tmaCtoet/mot2co7e2m1f.04HfC.C)g:))
(((666000)))
(((666000))) (12,51,60,504, 5((550116,,,665000,,755)0066,,507) 507,513) (60) ((2602)97) (60) (See Table 66-3) ((SSeeee TTaabbllee 6666--33))
66-6 CPH(HFDENYuAMoeSlT.II4COCA) OAil -L
FUEL OIL
VSLSAVBHPFSSODCFOBFd(uaoohlrlioaiooaeuddNfe(f%(aaeostilreuoyaan35glipt1notluodcpsmcolfoesrott.e-s.hioorrrab.3oer2iz55nA.ibi(l:mcysrct:n2ignve0O1CEgyiTalydP'et1o1a/ntd5sicaPlo:Mtycos+hoCiKr.viPibCylTottr:LCntCniirS0o)oanlooi7ereFeoeeeeN0gaot)l)6inuistrp.lsannu,aln.w0n:t6s1ooohos8.Ltcosmut694iers.l1oti:PWnniCrT-g-oe:.olCmRel05W1eo5erdnrne,oaAos0:6giaai::1me:tnesttLnar9fdino5-esftrotast'pli:1refgt2:o:NiqterNCd2.o:s.0k.e.:r:u:11eto.s4eo0f9-oioN2-bfudP94.-33f9of6frd51de3o85oar2r6t.o>0.al7af(r.6oor90w5-aut57ttdmtgd2o1mEaa0otfie8.n2raiyE.g0tul-l38gai6tn2/s0co3e1a+m/d.ot0ep5Ll8n48tCo0eNi/oL-lcosC27C(mtCom(3iao4a5)ol.2omttt.f9o0NeC713.2-f.-0o4H78f50,..)C5gC:C))
((((66660000)))) ((((6616520000,)))45,15,6006,)
((55551010,,7766,)005,,5750306)6,
(60) ((6202)97) (60) (See Table ((SSeeee TTaabbllee
66-3) 6666--33))
FUEL OIL
66-7
CPH(HFDNEYuAoMeS.lTII5CCOA)OAil-L
DPOCOheoddynlooossrrrii:ct:yaTl:KhCSreoe0trasl.oo8htres1oel:0lend0se:sL-tliotiqNoku0eoib.d9rd3oa(6wat0atn2g0/mCL)
(((666000)))
VSVSARHFBaoirauov53(aaN((stlaaeapia.2mstucd0loettothor9oi.b-.znmiis.r722igoe01CgilP.011tn/iau55PytMo-oCbisPy%5:CnrCtiClnioeeegeoi))f)istln,ronn:t1sbLarut4iyWdn:PiTr.mRf5eeovueasA0:iioam1ettnilneso5ltrtu:pr21og::fmo:..e:1if4ts0leu-2o94-.NeNf6135f8rlt>o7-o.ooo51ro75tm.m3odi.820clf1ag86up6-t1t/N.te5Loa498oCl(o-a1C.mot6i5ml92slCHCgf)or
((6600))
(504,506,507) ((55551100,,7766,)005,,155300)66,, (60)
((2602)97)
HBSLSouioe35(oiragn.l.c3f5traoA(Eyc2ntO'doe+0sccs.0TotL7C6aFr.ea)0npanw6o.cstliC-oCoWrnoo::enafstfNte.2.:r:1o-P39d5a2.a.6r9tt2daEiEty-in0o+e5n0/c2tCmooto7ef.4f.):
(See Table 66-3) (See Table 66-3) ((SSeeee TTaabbllee 6666--33)) .
66-8
CPH(HFDENYuAMoeSl.TI6ICCOA) OAil-L
VVSBSSODBFFASLHPCFOouoallhoiiroaeoduCt7e(H(((daasoiilroaaaaeyniglpno.ltducsomlcoo4fgesttttoshiroorra.boriAenz5i(i:msycrct:3222nigfOe(gC.iTalyPd'fea85000tsn/cia.Pl:yMtcsooht)K.EPbiCyTo::tLCCrCCntirSlaon2iFr+eeeoeeee0aot))i))inpstrllnasaln,0n-w3nt1:sooho.L8cts6uCt.4ires3tloW:7iPniTCr-.ole:oCmN)l05eWeorndnetoas00Ao:ii:oo1m:e:snettLnai5s:-eftttrs:ptlidf17r2:ootN:itqeN.2o:.k.a..::r0u:11ott40eoN6-aioN2-b9.dP4-39odNr5d35o89a2t5o>a.a.(or.o9wd50ta65tdttdmaE00a.aoti28n2adytt-E8gi6ta2ancg0o1a/.-t0p/e5Ln48Ca0m/c2CCtmLmo)m
FUEL OIL
(((666000)))
(((666000)))
(60)
(2297) (60) (60) (See Table 66-3) (See Table 66-3) (See Table 66-3)
FUEL OIL
66-9
CPH(HFUDEYuNAMeSSlTIIPCCOA)OAil -L
ASVFDSVFPOFBCOaollhrioeuaoddaastleymnilptudocmsoloeosshoiorb.rmrinziim:scrti:geCgilTyPatin/aHPtyl:MoohCbiPyC:rntirSgNlnhoieeeoeeoititsaln,saoln(n:tsorhLatutiaerWo:dnPtirT:lcmNlaeoed2teaAt:seiio11m:atntsLries5rti:dprCi2s:1t:qN:toa...):ui01tcoN-aiN0b2d4-okNrEd5o8toea(ot.o+dw0artm0aaaton>dtt0vsgaoa25ea/t08Lntial1o8eaC8.-(b0.2al)0il0.tek6Ce24C0E+C0)1((((((((((((651556662655666021100000020000,,,)479))),))))5665),710051),,,036556)000,,665,,07)
BHLSSuoioaeoir35Cgtnlcfm..raoo25A(ycne0O0d'efsc0Emfcs..ETotL+)Va:Fr+ea0mnpanw06o.co3s1tlli.C-oCo3Wr(dn0ooa:y:entantfstofeN2te.2.:/0r:c.7o1m.tCP00956a0a)..(6r9vEat2a0ti+EtiEli02ao+-10b0n0l5Ce2tot)too7.40
(60) (See Table 66-3) (See Table 66-3) (See Table 66-3)
66-10 REACTIVITY
FUEL OIL cmeVaimiipRtngnyoxneaenapicmpdrsrarogiiolctciecpmonoixoeaatoaseluixlipclindtlsoyaosytiai,enbigunnotsssoieeime.nolbnvrioowust(lo.urye5eprilws0txcvehwcTh5epiercylts,ihaclohdetohhshem5xtrsseloy0opiioabNspfxo7prlittuioni,caFre,dcssasrota5iPtifetoznlvii1ii.lArbixongey1neilnFv)d,egomr.ouereaxplomseaepvniu,rldtpiodiernnoioorfrzpgrelrtitieaolraotrsmcssstalxshteshliarvmsaclsorm.oaitugeanocrScaobfiigrdhcuynurloesoceeof,rnahl,luxamessosiQomsdisraudiluriguilmtlzeqsebeatoiruarannsreaiciitbiignaddrnatclelineesoaact,cngonhgfeoseolas,rnobrsrteesisn. e
PINERSWTYSHIASSETTTEESEMRONICLE-
ehbsestohbDmpfmlmaohuppnvnxyiiieiwgoooioriieavidrdeclldhebddlbpllise,rsrssraaeiieeireoooolsolttrtggilorecmatioitn.vrlroeaarytnomoaaano(ngVtradhilildydbaac;looaeyouaaennolwsnntdlbhnetntuniiad;trlissiyeeaidtsbiaoonsmordttidmenle-nlyucworisrsordaa))zrcouoflewaraaeqyochedraatrbletrinanuhxfatlneneioepayrwhoadtevrdgsncb-enoneaaeiiaoesnstdorult,rgmcoilenteubotdsrcdii,sdhssaolpneuooipsselsrneumsroreaoectenrotnpaxfrolrhlifeiuunnidgtpenaspangiiebd-riwavgeosrehstpelaioc,ognirtaltxotalgteliroese,itihatpellrnmoairseiylstdylopeurnbce,fstidcdur.heaetldtehtetereninoatoeoepodediirdtBftfdngtscroerwoeohiapwes(eooolmcsteorsaerxmxedmolcrebioxtotoiaolueenedocpsiiwstsghrlrcpnt.enahteorraesot-tchermuaoarvssdilTtrpyoebdlubneeeauedtpsnhiyarddgydia.tromf,otereelaoitanrbdtoaseoccSoduennneaduiasrdrtnebronfsiobrgaafeoidofaallcisntlcelseees;s.s'
PEAXTPHOOWSFUARYES
wwssTstptaaohriuttlreleeacerrtgpduerdsriyfrmetusiasnteanelkrrmskyienssmpguiosaalrtwtyithnhaldwagteeirafrgimfyneusiosugisenfprphaiptclathlolisliron.aeoncstuieVogofrnrhnafopmefsfouxorrepoilsllmeoasaforuknitolridhsnmeegstm.oslueioggnairlrkd/aogeeturdreongudironnortudon- d
FUEL OIL HHEADAZALATTRAHD
66-11
cccTInIpiSnnnnoaaairhgdnsuhg7oueneuteadss,sassecleu5p,actea4ciarttedo,.eiiinxnmor_ncdtoenp_oeapwmr_nnrShoi_yssmfyarfiui_ymnvosa_sheyepripciso;s_yagatstpn_toheushu,_mpmksyl_credmis.in_oocrnog_nooiMnera_cwfrefaue_rfssiSnr_isenistyhent_ciairnamoet_tai,gsirn_oatsitvjs_in,-ltuoot_o.rcCeenm_yroysNc_.mDnieot_mSvTiem_niurHnah_dgamljtes_ue.uiaa_pcmorlnla_yirnAqadu_esausfns_sbrpisiea_donsiiEno_romhdnxa_rsmepept._adiacvot_odyioies_nromaure_ncercm_ahetm_.:ea_,ya_y _
Acute Toxicitv Studies:
OLDRA,, L5:.1-20 g/kg
Rat (1924)
dCINELPGAeroaPTepeRnrnAPrecgoCeni-tnsTaos--o-nxeigocridNNEecnvmniiqooe/tiNvuasncEedniieevtlDafdoyoftanfaeacdusCctaasaeettllis:rleag:mesniDsvneLaiiKfdadtiiBmtocieadas6ni:entCtciseeoe3dyNn(Fhf:eed,ougvarmmaimdtciaiceaavnenrge.scce')ien(oagneimniaclist)y;
CNS of marine
PRHEACN(1AD9UL67TI)NIOGNS
worwAmTamfrNfaaeanfiihpogosccttndphhpee/edegmysippreberpfeffo3iioaouu:eeepotlollcccclcorllftoieeohrifswaffni1eaacaatw7mt1ieccnnna50ireedditgc-0pecpph3tsa0riioog2peel-ohrr5uC5icctggraci0eeehadaaCalc0fetnnre-oot0omtmiliirprrviccnmiieaecdsgevrsaeggcsaukcall/aeLlftpimoadn-efgoecrtdraie3osrhose:eclsgtsiineiencnpgnftgptraoegliaha,errisrdiaesastnsiercnntwkuemimoeicdpefderolgraaporurtoesnwbehpldkisdreeeeiieftneqdrrwohnragmaeu-uetiatsathnhogeiiuhlswridadldpnoltipeffprgvtofui-rhenloemloisalsr1epb,paadd0iafsper0aubkbmaa0apeoirtilrlraoiiaoltnrtiyonnudisgsls.
66-12 FUEL OIL
ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCRCITUEPRAITAIONAL STANDARDS AND
AIR EXPOSURE LIMITS: StaASOnTdFSaEOHrLdSAsH(1T5PW-EmALin()(8:8--hh5rr)0:0TWpppeAmtr)o:lepuemtrodliesutimllatdeisst(inllaatpehsth(naa)-p4h0t0hap)p-m400 ppm; C rNiAeeANNtsseICCIIttrOaaOOiGGabbSSSllIIHiiHHHHsshhCeeIRTSddDLTELLELV(H1L5T-((Wm31(805iA--n-hmm)r:(ii1nnT0)p-:WTehtrWArp)o:)eAl:tiru)p:ompeleetprutdroemioltserlteuoidlumllieamsutteidmlsdliasi(ttsdnietliisalslatlpa(itlhnetlesatahstp(eanh(s)nat-(ha1pnp8aha0)htp-0ht1hha0mta),h-0)g3-a0/n5)0m-0on3npompenmge/m3 WATER EXPOSURE LIMITS: DrNinokniengesWtaabtleisrheSdtandards EPNAonHeeaelstthabAlidshviesdories and Cancer Risk Levels WNHoOinDforrinmkaintigonWaavtaeirlaGblue.ideline E PHA-umANamonbciHreinettearlWtihona(t3eer5st5aQ)buliaslhiteyd;Cfruiteelrioails are not a priority pollutant. A-quNatoiccLriitfeerio(3n55e)stablished; fuel oils are not a priority pollutant. REFERENCE DOSES:
No reference dose available. OiFflrooarmnddtohGmere,tesaatsiscteews(2aa0tne1dr2)soudpoprlsy:thVaitrteumalalynaftreeefrformompeotirloalenudmgrperaosde,ucptas.rticularly
FUEL OIL
66-13
ENVIRONMENTAL ANCDROITCECRUIAPA(TCIoOrnN.)AL STANDARDS AND
For aquatic life: - Ththhauoevnipdnlorrgwoedtaee-scfdtotelcdsmoe.novnteirsnaturlaeitdmedpDoohrwitgahn96ts-ufhrsoecusehrpwtLiabCtiel*ir,tysahntooduolmdilsabraeinnerdesdppueectcreiodecsh,aeemacichals, - leefvfeeclstsotfootilhseobriopteatrsohcohuelmdicnaolts bine tahlleowseeddi;ment which cause deleterious - . soufrvfaecgeetwabalteerasnsdhaalnl ibmealviorrtuigailnlyafsreweelflroams pCetoraotlienugmn-odne-rpiveetrdoloeiul.m oils
REGULATORY STATUS (as of 01-MAR-89)
P roFmeudvslCOa(eg3oanrlair5uedalty1arlea)cnedd.nPexedriWRpscoEtageegiafntngrrfteeaugledguamrlioaensssroneAtgiiutoecarosntlrcnisemeus(ntdi,ChtdeaaWeestnirigotdAynntp)haeseeftfefloodgurfeencnoioneitnrdlavsuatlesnatnpndrtrydieogat(nrrr3edae7asla6st3peam)no.eedllxnuitgsttaurnieidntgseulailunalnmtedisoo.ensrtsLtpfhioomeirniCttnaWetiwoAns TPiMmrttnhreeoiutpaetmxesrnrritrooceuveltdatfehfSeaulouyssuccrmtltbtmb(ui1sivertit9Iennean8frzgnose7sectrf)noiefa.teefnsunscetcdCteurs(.rou1pona9drtIn8toeonrd8cxotpe)eil.socersintAiotrmTcyroco,estlgesrmueotei(npmfunTiotgct.aSrhitgtCwesyeIAit.nlmCli)cc,uTboitsanehytrse,ocibsdomCtensea,vsdtouefiucrflbcoamethpcettymidhitdotyerenblnodtyotciasalatulrhtoebetb6noot-exnAamsiicmnfoiarteneynadrt,cdihtcfiaornonm ipopatMOnhphrfcaaopytektrhshlaniiiiscnecnbouaaeiwcmnltd,hePntuadscrrmchooaihenerptrxemeeeicmscneuitegeciipnsxcoaptovaenleilmfwrocRcoortphoenretedbngmsnfeisaorcteantoilanrthoomructgehcheyiaoicntnlrahatoaolsnerggasdeepreaenenrrpSoesrrrac,ceeaonnegmspmscoueistunndlupeat-ltsaoytatiorugaoiirxnsneeneinsdcsnttssrhdAiaaofeeanccrrsetdtsehetdwceean(oyeroMhnla(nlcat3tPbaaro0anmmiRgs9oe)lSaidt.ennhcAsesacsem)nuistbmdosyun.umsltaPrptaeiinvrtemge it
66-14 FUEL OIL
OEanmcc8pu-lphoaoytueieornetaixmlpSeo-aswufeertieyghtaotneddpeHatrveoealrelatuhgmeA(dcTitsWti(lAlOa)tSeoHsfA(4n)0a0phptphma) (s3h5a3ll9)n.ot exceed THhlaahabzezeaalriDrnddegoopuuaassnrmdtMmataetretnaerntriasioaplsflosrwTtTarhratiicanohnsnpspao(ror3ert0at5satu)ito.ibonjnechAta.sctotder(seHiqguMniarTteemAd)efnutesl fooirlspaasckaging, StatsAAsNmeptlaLPoelWtrcDLeseitfaWraiStscetetTRegrrnsAiusnuPlThgam(raetsEoienvegoSreetrniacscaWm,rdciestraoeiitpttreheitraree:idraE.xbEpyPTonAshuaerrsAreeamtLsibtviaimeetenirtstsefhWseaervacetetnieocrpenrQ)oomuraasubliltytghyaertieCerldirspittarienodrgmidaiutthialognenadateldor AsAaunlLradfAsak1Sca0eKhjwAxaags/tLearnsfoa(r3q0tuo1at6tai)lc. alirfoemcartiitcerhioyndroofca1r5bofnigs/Linfforresthotaalndhymdraorcinaerbons AAorrRk1Ka5nAsmNasgS/LAreSqmuairxeims uthmatwohilenanddiscghraeargseingshtaoll snuortfaecxecweeadter1s0 (m35g8/L7).average wwFFlLaaottOreeirrdRssaI((Drn3e2aAq2vu0igi)ra.etsionth,aitndouilstarniadl gurseea)seanndot5 emxcge/Ledfo1r0amllgo/Ltheinr CsulrafsascVe woMMialaAtsaeSsrnaSsdcAh(g3Cur4sHe3ea2tUst)esS. EroeTfqTpueSirtersolethuamt tohreigminaxniomtuemxcdeeisdch1a5rgmegc/oLncinensturraftaiocen of wNNaeEbtBerrRassAk(3aS7Kr1eA9q)u. ires that petroleum oils not exceed 10 mg/L in surface NNkeEerwWosYeYnoerOkiRnhKadsrinsektinag mwaaxteimr u(m350c1o)n.taminant level of 50 ig/L for SSpoOeturUtohTleHDumaDkoAptrKaodOhuaTcstAsaiwnastuerrfaqcuealwitaytesrtasn(d3a6r7d2)o.f 10 mg/L for all VVhyiIrdRgriGonciIaaNrbIhAoanssainwagtreorunqdu-awlitaytesrta(n3d1a3r5d).of 1 mg/L for petroleum
FUEL OIL
66-15
ag3WWnr8oyd5Yuo2OnmC).dMlia-nwsIgsNahtIGeIarsaniasdwreIaIqtIuerigrreqoduuantlodit-ybwesattavenirrdst.uaradIllnyoaffrde1de0itiomofng,o/LiCl lfaaonsrsdsIgurrdefoaamcseeesw(t3iac8t5er3s, P roFpeodsNeedroalRfePedgreuorglaarltaimroensgsulations are pending. StatNeoWstaatteer rPergouglraatmiosns are pending.
wCMMprhhoOoeaspnnStogTssteithnsaSegtTyaersAcbehTaeaprcEneorSgomiejnesectttfhoeindetahplf.eorirorCc1ero9sens8gt9uao-lc9fat0triwoe(vni3tis6hsi8wnt3ghh).eitchhsetiawrtielwl oafftofelirlcoepwrroiEsgrPaaAdmv'ssisecadhn.adnges
EECccADDtoietnhhoaDnrpiiteremgvrriopcsraeeipergireccnngoorocttorosoinptuvhouigdumrnveuabeiniedsannlesdscoosttndiheagcnt-oia,newnrmrnacGmagentestrescudhueaootresbsuiammunhsng(artoapiiedoqen.ilonell-sue)W.ugir,abcdrnoatevaoeidlofciteuasrteoomnaeriratpkdnlegesne-evdraw(drniaa5nrcantn3ooosbotdeu8npleygac)brmheethmsionsy(etossiianden.acpenmrtrh.,ocpy,tboechsrwersaurtoroorobipwutbusehcpohstgrooanrihtuccuneisohentvcgsmiteersrpmnsoipienpetuaworsryncui.oohndonrhfidlcodaiivohbrrstirmii,eatopcesntodtushsu.bdtsechsieshorsacioshqlu)augraohgtfiec swpDPlaureaikrorttefredeasorcu,clstecei(veui2noem)hfsoaiutmnrphcmrpehoFafduiwrqsulthauceatiatnefsnfrgdetmeicoWtttiruesescasfttitonaetrnhrbmofaliQettshcubt"o.haehaelytiyptidn:yrrgeossc((ea15onr)3nbt6fooi)ntnrh"mestaablamsetvdeoisnstiioobdfleGawns0ahd1tmeacrny-odpcn,oriu(nt3rhis)dees and tTptDhhrhieeoreyedscumhmtceiavaelnlyefadisnoahvnotiotswritbybhhleeiescphpQfeirlcuhemiasafeilsicontayhnttaiiRortnhmneessqfhuusfeliourlrlerefffdipafsehceocettrfwsooSalfoethenuterhmlletfihinshwehysasudthWcreehorlacltafaqeinrsurbhdsao./nontr(si5tai3sep7sde)ecapisfoytsoitthaotn
66-16 FUEL OIL
bcwdOcaDoaniehirsarrdcigcsdec/hatiohcinaansrtcrolioivhggoshweesaedauarnoloogteosrenefgredooestmtrhnfhiwseinsehs,suitsuteooDbihmorsosiintgsnuauacanlbtnshantscnaapofteoradnprsgondihoesdcaworuershorsddpafifsecuahi.rnhDctaihtevtaoAhoeenwsradgg,ivaszreytefpaorersetuorotaitensoumrm,nddso-telaweeSfloqrreuuafortumbteimazetrsotretiih.rraocmiyonuad-eecslnmreewoevsmbcfiarfaetieo(rrse5csnbrt3icsomoo5nonou)esnrnn,atttpisrnhpitecelesairetnnsanasottloet swccqAaaDuoonnuanicmmddrasyhent/ppoecptiwoor.itnhtiuuyavsednnt,seniadtdsonleposlsl,aa;nott(acsuilwonoeeTrsamndieotd,,hxopoiepofccfcshuotcatmyanaerhsnbdrcpietdliscaion;asmiuoDhlnongmeaaredttgnnhneosadgn;xoincetidccc,risecyhoo-faaeuahfrnnmensadicuddliWtocnedsagssd)aaile;etnsnsercethgstheteacahsaurolkerlomsiraneu(kscp5dgset4oeaewwu2frnpoi)nhadsrdtsaiictasdceh;rrsisesocppcamihonrnorraoscdodtidlniumucogdorceifpienogostgif,lhnysehpcuooyhcflcehdlniscols lpData(PStahshrceueiobeeectrtbleryorevscloCorcitelalndltaanleeiragansvutuessn)cemmsi.recfcieisfeooeginacandu(wnan7sltdtiida8atdihtosh7eieccn)orofotnelCahaaPdslleml.aatctpsmpaaksBrrrriaaefeogpbiddcccialiaieanessrduttgtaiisiusolltulealrinaaobne.ttonssdeetPfsssaoaLtnau(wchaenctkeixlbedtiaschnevgllteuaiiahfnndrdnleaggidiiasnirnhboagalnlfreatpdtehbDhoceeiLosoanlusimnaDtnebgbsgipjereueborelscsiseochnteiltutadgoiitslvwooloeanPbsfp2Rreoa1mDeecfpdaokldaaoontaerttongggiharneeirtenigrerfogioeunntueoasCslns)d, oEsccDanaooivosilflmor.ttleaeeidpbbcccatteeloiiitbsvnlephllegneerm,cteortesdiniaenosiuksnntDptsthooiacoisfsnnopridnwliotlagesyamdactoietmlosirrpnuou,ognrfsasettiaWsgarblengoaendorrse/fetroraeserwaotgteOaidiilrsnsiittsglpetesprhowoeaolsld(aniui1lnsst9at5igeo8ns0no6doo).pfitlaphswdAm.aaetPqspiCttuneehaBrertomsreeiellgiyastenwnsfmdirueloulrpPmsaebCttreevTtcdhianssreeowrmdyausfotsouetrt hEPE(1yrEE7doC9Cpr3oo)cDhsaaairlsrbefopcontrrisov,apelosuCsbe-odruPicnrtachonipalttosDstaeihndreedcdthuivymedrpoainnuglitchoeQf ucDirduusmdeaptionsiegl,aopbfeetWropalresouthemibaitteSde.a
FUEL OIL
66-17
66.1 MAJOR USES 4ap(np2souro3ewma)ihl.ebFegrkeauertpneiunlle1asrgoneaidstilfksa,upicnhssiulehaircdtivpiopeeomsass,.lvmemlaoerdNocrisooouctmumimaeseloxbsutceotilrsivrucesessisoin5v,rfdeomaulcrynsoedtwtmrfaoih6lmarliluceadhrbrrgocueitmicrhauaneelslesyefrtoudiacpeirneliehnsriteansaaftpulitlaeoiranctnntoigisafom.icncaeiasznsFlidlnnuyagoenilnftdotdoyerubiqpmlsouetuinrilblpieuaaurpmtlsreebndpdoee.ofrrwwsuF.ie2ttruhilkeNiptlyuluaomsnieltbdser ssinpereiveniddDceuiesenrtsregeiqialnulfeiurasiennl(dg2k3hf4rea2eavq)va.uyileanmbtloesbpiilneeeddseifrafvenirdceenlotwaghdrilacedhenasnu.gmeNbs.eurmN4bu-eDmr b1ke-rDus2ek-dDuisnkedluoswfeodranefondrgmienneedgsiiuninmes 66.1.2 Composition boomooitiinnnrrynifaikgcfinegonlwtuiihrasmanoeTmdpefriartaeohgeealmdlrhermtte,citaaox;rdronbnanuepridnutysmdeerdctoecauhkoontcevisteroengrsanddirhiavklooeeenin.strlrtomseoisofdfmaonooAuobdrtlmfeaehfvedmnlcfaeermuutaeniefltlxeaustaadailsatpoegbrarelnlponltedeawirimfoltoaeiuiedincetkfinidenailg,aydtetdhhabd,tiwetcchelataheaosiatassutmiahicseqlgipssh.pguaghethhlraehcoeaaesntawxrltmitttoeniinistcnooncuigleotiecelnslfcncnoasuoucmpreoTrmelgrefaanpeavcprblttoliayrhlofluylwieaseucnfiteaoedti6dmiiolsce6goslnuyf-honri1ssarnat,aeneneoswdo(ddg1fdvrioi8tgonrimhnam4aelgsas3naphdst)nfiteiuc.riihlydgeseorehs.mieTetkceilplorheeRr0semmefoc.eux1dpopespee8inunrnoled.eccntvctussteotieearneLnrvnlodt4iteartnms.fmr3au,mtyi6itoneatii%eesolbinnbdtnyhtesael sibd2bnay0olem0cfnsuepedCDemvlideneiestergonssaktetlvo4elacOdoerkfxr0iusdfopoe,Ceuelrrrscsekrtaeffaoeidnnnuefgiusdtnemumosg.ataoblblgmcSeyenkreeitvshttohhueiatfgrodothadetllrsfayar,(cc0acvohae-cam0niteri.edom5vilan7eebebm%rlleoeecesfn.itnabdaptlybSisen,glutwkgrrlafheaosupidlegerrdeshuahsctmcoso)otp;winfcetsntechedismiani,fietnitictslahadehTrtlekaiaotsvfcbiunalolbkserem.eikae6aptn6fDaioto-rse1unreirtesei(pook1hotbne8oartr4atvoode3iesfnd)ief.ebdfndteeieoreebesnivenynalcretyfhsueel dpah(1niyos8ddsc4irut73oDiso)5cs.inae%edrsbbOeaoyilntrnhfcoseuthmhree(elasmattkruCiicacthiahpghalorhyprectdtsdleracorohshmscaaoaivihnnrneabasJnoraPnetlbklps-ye4,aoe,nrainntepescmedrltueairxpdnaotodilunesrrogutceemmydacoellfkwodtoyaiChsllabtk1bi0tealelntnalhozaetreewpsosn)pe,uerrmgso1ha-axa2ylinim%CpdcIah9otao2nehtl-tliey3yacfdiin6rrncio4oinccm%ngatahreanbyanryodltoinrpm(osh1.aca8atti4rCiccb9soo)m.nsAs
66-18 FUEL OIL
TRACE ELEMENT CONTENTTIANBPLEET6R6-O1LEUM-DERIVED FUEL OILS8
AMMNSVZBCCILMreeieaharioeonalcradsnrenrlknycedoymnaclngemubdliliiaiurduiucinumyuemmmenmsuem
RRaensgideuoafl EOlilsven <<<0000....0000110923 ---- 0201....820932
<<000601......0000001002975 ------1125017041...1127
RanDgeiesoefl SFixueDls*omestic 0.012 - 0.13
<00030.....4508259899 ----- 702261.....802089
<60..1018 -- 203..207
<01..036 -- 04..816
ba)) Rppemferbeyncweei1g8h4t3
non-hydrocarbon components in varying concentrations. tdgaiadeomsdnoeulFdcilnaustiteefao.illeydroAssiitl.esss,leiaMsaltlnsaftoounifoeycxlsoiocdniosmatmanpeitprnsooo,vfuafinldtonhdewudesmciaimbnhdeedprTmeradooibvcfaetleoarlsd6c,fdlu6ami-ets2ilesv.eteoassillsaudnsaedeardecstpiasveismactiiigoflianrcrsit,cithodoneemttheimirocgaspeelrsnoatvtsdhedraasetn,ddmctoaomy bbues
66J2 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS edscmctroeanheaalarvatebnabdricryooaeAtodtrnechdnetdsdeifimsvirpianfseienrerscirnonttedusirtmfgecsaeotsrllhioaiertotedffhusenaiddmerdtmieoitbmteaifofvsesjuaeoeehtjesthrclaohltesvrwfiec.uoiooeicnelrmnrllTleavolnpshiheinsfrooevaeotnavtssngheneobmewneitelnbti/esJlsgeelsne.Prrepctabon-aet4luTeiclonaidhcfnbaddiiehdssecdachadweruoplarnelasftevysvtsessieitirsoeaorhrerdodnsedsnidso;nypcmrfsocrhheteeefsafeovnsumpwaetiteohtdlaesleiue.lvprowssehbleiroyiMalel,nlthhiiiatscnaynrJndvaolPaytiirctmhno-oe4ordebci.ftaeeeomalrtdefrbhromoeoehrbmpneeyyhesndaayetttratxhidsocertercdeeaoahnnlcrcyahsdabodcierovmkrrbtneoehomso;enfostnhe
FUEL OIL
COMMON ADDTITAIBVLEES 6I6N-2DIESEL FUELS
Ignition Improvers ICetane Improvers! ANPeliktrproyroxliminadanietrdsrialynteiotrcaotnysdol nnciiottrmraitpteeosu(nCd,s-Q)
Combustion Catalvsts/Deposit Modifiers AMMOlrgnjagO,,najMMdnognimrOOoe,ntaMlligcOs jof barium, calcium, manganese,
Antioxidants N2,6,N-D'i-aDlkiayllkaynlpdhe2n,4y,l6e-ntreidailakmylipnheesnols
Cold Flow Improvers EPCEoththhllyoyyorlleleiennnfaeeintevvsdiinnyyhllydcarhcoleoctarairtdebeocncosoppoolylymmeerrss
Metal Deactivators N,N' -Disalicylidene-alkyldiamines
Detergents/Dispersants Long chain alcohols SSLLLuuoooclnnnfcgggoinnccciamhhhtaaaeisiiidnnnescaaalmkrybinloexpsyhleicnoalcsids
Source: References 2326, 2327, 2335, 2336
66-19
66-20 FUEL OIL
66^.1 Equilibrium Partitioning Model
In general, soil/ground water transport pathways for low concentrations of scphpphtthieyoiyouoglecrdlenrhlltpcruossieotooeatreoacnllsdekanefsmcrastttbshonaheoobysediefnsdsinslo,sriaecctsoasyowiocsanhmiaeattdlysrehspdsbdcaaoirsaonnruoewnngolcnestmiadthbctrhahasteebenteoitdidaacnhnesdsesns;fpsarevorawotsriehtmsmryabseeoepteodrnenditnecrmhtbgasewpyalesotnneddohurdrtoiitesaeleimiloasnppneinigtrnralor.eraaapfdtnnaunhiicvstecalpaeltesheoqiselsdyr,uasadtbimslporoloieobafpiflcrrldtaetidwhuia.rtiembtaeiaotsoTsenenoptralioni,ablcfgrlaluceaatnoeiorstdln6seif,oef6sisnlae-roo,3ximwingpil.rgieedoatsc.hemo,uitrnieep.alotdldipkcofTeiroatfelohenn.ssseecpehsteFneh,ancocvetireerfiacothfe stapftishptVmmrhuooovihooagaiieeapnalllnbnhl-siasoelvasyeeaEtornpv(arisbitclootsosaplaisolitsrmzpfioegnisntamornocttattfreowhifaoitafppxomieiiritpcdhncrpntehrpaoiailse,theonenrcacssoyswaiefgetrtensodn.esneleufrsdrnidsrisroplftotfteuhcottrmmohaoeoerasraelruotot.nboibcilcaunwdleotohelgnchlTnmiautlseetslhiohwaerlphrvawetsiaeoeusrfsahntnlarnweoadwpieardrnwmolarnoteedeemtmitpmisnendd,gssoreiagahinircgottsyittasitomlgfacoeinnpbragsndlpdtooulsietibohioutbphetrlimantoihseylethlvedaiadxoatbielsntprnyrnowietooecdesicaiallcfifpilachiorttog.omereaerryrhrredbtdptg.SesnootlroeayhotontonrtnhorePthcthtipeacaaacebiortanrrgitxirnebtctothppgeisaonteoigateferinmrohortoncbstrrpnetripwoooeciti(ontedlniasCsehorcs)otgou,tn.eoe4itailmrsomlat--neoiwPstsppCbs.aodaciatoeegrglotihrxn)usetnmItemtiprebniciticfnlepihiaailolplctscaoeajiinsahrttoasturieietraneannoudasisstcsgdnrfcetsasodtpaeerito.tamnrnxeeoewnidrpscdzbdiceeate,deehctdundeetaaertebnldeyopf sefrIoonqerrlueptilahltoIisiibnwsveressiiusnioctomtuafeilpardtappciicooraeiennrsttyet,ciilnettoinghfofutnertetiahnlhhtegeyi(sosdesmpnroisorloilcleds,(as,beurtlelhbletlewooasrn,kwoeiiubntmlaygdmiqxfuuutniulensoloritdtneuebgbsrwegetsorhorouaeelupulmdnpbpedliomilmcritsaeobytbv)oeslerrpeoea.aafdgcsetethsahteaaobntcfukolttskmhh)iespfmloumsaniodyoieldneawetxnslci.dteihsetLdhvtaheartleighdeefuoenll.y 66.2.2 Transport and Transformation Processes wsdccuttihohoepoiilenga,nllsrns.ipdatTngiahditevrTsnuyasoasdhsetolniivtnilocsostvitponhnseceouoghfbroimsflteydfemtoifcarfctortnafihhelcendleeiarossqmelwptfuncruio(iiatcanaecrilananlkgtlleeslldwyddfsoovpibrrloim"ilnimllwoblavoslatpieaoroitaierlegilnitryoozihtccnrgaoewoaaitrclplioiisao)atniufhtdnlgiprl,ni"yfanrt.ga;idcodmctpiaigeis(voeensrTirnowdodhat.luuiauniemnsattdseTldiatorohyedfsnwur.ufismbeasattle,taThneonitderhmshi;celceedaoboclreosfrneoegiroelsnrolstoaasmofuirttidtrlsiuimatbevlteuetdeehnisedosestnctpnsootl.rss.sen)uiesdtcawsesSeedciosnesoslcmltptfrrratdioeaicnbebntodepciglnoeoelbtntynnahtrssdomeeotaoinitoknfunstaethhneets
FUEL OIL
COM POUND
T A B LE 66 3 E Q U IL IB R IU M P A R T IllO N IN G OF' P O T E N T IA L D IE S E L F U E L
H Y D R O C A R B O N S IN M O D E L E N V IR O N M E N T S '
L og K,_
K"TM-
IP
U N SA TU R A TED TO PSO IL
' % _____________________
Soil
W ater
A ir
SA T U R A TED D EE P SO IL*
% Soil W ater
O ctane D txlccanc Triniclhyl-
pentane Trim clhyl-
cyclohexane Trim ethyl
benzenes N ap h th alen e M clhylnaph-
th a le n e s A nthracene
5.18' 7.06f
4.87'
5.02"
3.65h 3.3tr
3.87' 4.5"
73.000 5 .5 E + 0 6
36,000
50,51X1
2.150 962
3,570 13,51X1
2 .% 7.4
1.9-3.3
1.6
5 E (13 4.82 E 04
4 .4 E -0 4 5.9E-05
97.4 99.9
94.7
98.0
996 994
99.8 99.9
0.01 0.0001
0.01
0.01
0.2 0.5
0.1 0.04
2.6 0.09
5.3
2.0
02 0.03
0.01 0.(XX)3
99.7 99.9
99.3
99.5
90.0 80.2
93.7 98.3
0.3 0.(X)4
0.7
0.5
10.0 19 8
6.3 1.7
a ) C a lc u la tio n s b a se d on M a ck ay 's eq u ilib riu m p artitio n in g m odel (3 4 , 3 5 , 3 6 ): s e e in tro d u ctio n in V o lu m e I fo r d e sc rip tio n o i m odel
and environm ental conditions chosen to represent an unsaturated topsoil and saturated d eep soil. C alculated percentages should be
considered as rough estim ates and used only for general guidance.
b) R eference 652
c) T ak en from referen ce 74 unless otherw ise specified. U nits equ al atm m'/mol.
d ) U se d so rp tio n c o e fficie n t K p = 0.001 x K llr.
'
c) R eference 29.
f) A rth u r D . L ittle , Inc., e stim a te a c c o rd in g to e q u a tio n s p rovided in R e fe r e n c e 31.
g ) R e fe r e n c e 10.
h) R eference 31.
66-21
66-22 FUEL OIL secehcpcoanoxaarlrmrpvvoubbiiecbrpnoocTeoigonntslrneuisssatduemninsierpdnseseinpsinltneatootwhanarrdseetldneeesritpitdCneldreoraer1uoAwtwnmaocc-seeleaifrasnsCorfotsiurbvhnie1me4loaseg/lnpgrrahrasoeottohdniraioaluegvsnrpn.beeeridynpebcwSisrheewtpsoeivaeuaaaacarnlritetapneehsfcsorssaethreeetrsooatsreeywtfidsasimootnttleif.hnaacmylet(lmoo1aosbhwn8.fobeid4segde6trHhiib)neeemomicsxrodwerocdoeelmelrlmeuaevefgosscueoriilsurnevneai,llgecgdsaluntldarayyrlitunaafiwbisdeotrcieyengadtwii.nngnoeeithvtfihttaitgtchhaphhapeetaotnenrcltt>haoortCywtfomiordoleaIrepr9nrnuoo;hrsmcwuafyalonanadrrrdhgtbrmegesoyoredanrtrsi,oon _ wwboasiruoaagutrrnchddniooUfdnirtmcanhscareidrnyg(noe.1rtutra8rqgt1Iaciuhn1otoaen,ntndthd2hti2eiiinsstt4ptiieuoo3illsann,ly)tsst2,heao2roeto,5uftss2hrotola,heiiilmterl2se,3diotrts2reieoza9ldsrson)upnsvltthtpeoeiaonoliavnnrdttteoiatltpirotozhresaeopseatopcociiolearclesnstruss,easmed(taslepunotelmdhwoarartamtegttyreaeaoamnabninbilespcdlpseeiouprmsrapbhlatptrsayuoetsteararoernetd,,ascgwn,tehrhtshsoo,ueuirrcibinnehszsdlocoueilmnalruw/tfsgdoaaaerivlcdtnloeeyegurs.i.nnrddedoloSewwweanvsnaeetr,earl ^frfalotTipmp>Onicroom{hpOcelleltdgolleQueuurri,Tsrdcstotdssiitoiuhoioooh)nmnnennflgegvtdphmeocmouoatdrwarpoennag/ugtweayeaeastmtnpnarehenbrtoisdrueics)edclillr)fsbuml(v,lliayo1atfaeyiailwy8rqoeieytqe1ydn.uhrru1oeedif)icocodAn.liahocunftufuyapsweFsdrthttrieasuohrneaoditoprennsgeltcuetrhbaoo.otbeyrhi((fnilrba1l-eDmihtdwo8thtyynsug1hoaedo.a1eretrrpes,eaboerA,htgq2ceooras3taudiuonsh2rifusefdtelb9oeuenio)prnisrcpd.snchfttamausuomawtcsatsadesaeruetye,iiortcsodench(ssbnrakooeisbollmnivepslfitseeneratsdcmahrathgnteeoiriigyrxscnroprdctldieaeeuhorgisdntfonrariftscopdooueiianutrnvsdrewneebrsotdaioehinf(tonan1eetwntlso0rehaagsdleJateselerePtlnretuodev-ewvn4eirr(lar,o1dae1eat0eal0ctil0trhotc0ydsihnezsopwioernoetadnoessfoctv,eetoseir.rof)n,. signifMiciagnrtatfioorn htihgrhoumgholescouillsarmwayeigbhetraeltiaprhdaetdicsb,ypsaorrtipctuiolanr.ly S>o0rp^t.ionMiisgreaxtpioencteisd to be .goesmmlxrcoauocpwyucuehsrncb,tdmeelsedowisugsmnartotaaueetvtnribiaoimfeincolaeorfbsonmalftsceat;hhetmhasyotaindnnngrtaiohtntichringoaoenruptboghooithrnehnosedpuf.ririssresheIvsuncaoirtonieilufdosdis.sn,lsyrsuoooPrccfierlok-defnwlfoietrsaawrotemtec.hnrkiutn,iDcsaatoelthvneteesedtprreymrmnseotidaiginildirfsaniafnitctwciigrouohennlatethsrooer(e1sfof8uttshh1ghoye1herd)p.srcptooriorocetpanvetrinicbvateoneisandlssmitiaesys vwttf((hrh41aar08etce%4etap9rTitor))h.nosoooedflftuIuhwncctbaotahindnlteiieetttdaryesw-meipseacl,ofsitonleeswmurlaab-attposiulsaooeirlrnl4)auep8tdbwtoe%oldraewtsgisaifortorslnhoihaiplucoshotntwhaifwdoetnNniictwah;tooroa.otftnhem2bofreeuafsesutaaoiulelcliipmllsoppihooa(llai1isirlwett8,si4(ac.eta9snhf,teuShri2ereoigap2elluhrl3royobee8imrsil)ale.iarthtneotyytiTmmcedisdhnrpaeoterbicareclayqapartu(rrCbu9geeor9^seonee%s-untsasdrt)phiosseetamothrvivllaceueelietntningivcogretstnaerhsagyoteuoelogsftwh
FUELOIL
6 6 -2 3
pasoldarie,snelono-ihl yadnrdocoatrhbeornfucoeml opiolsn,ehnatss aolfsosobmeeenhirgehpeorrtbeodili(n2g23p8e)t.roleum fractions, such
oswiminmonaecr,ptdrpeoeaitrIarainnottsdcaeneosdnsunrocemttbefamhymmedoogaifvifirnrnfasayealiov,trtmiiifeatotrnhaleonttem.citoohr,pnnyahttdnhyaarssenmfoiodccsiraanomlcraiabldatpoeteiidsninlotlsrvan.airibrrypeuoSaantfutiomohbwrnwscehuenaiorslytfef.sadcffe(uLeascecearrlieetleeiaotlrbeasialeaetlislscnoesogewpnvor)etare,avpamaavodpneriirnodnatragtiaicmtoiataonaillvnyo,epnrlaegerenfaedfetmeduhtcrcoettaesvostsaiiuolgttsrnhrofoeariumcnepdact
veosdoah2rtthruxoeirx3yelialbetlgi.d3saadetusr7rtntgataiboP)iatPevtsl.dchsiinhnieetozaaveltnieoanryAtetirteaiubtr.ooailtlertolokrnolaesenlpnaaBxdtiyssdethnoiieisrdu(omebofnt(a1aasatPnezlp8oo,tlnnoAi4reosotobzf(et5pxHunaefre)trie)nonw.do)eoplhlezaaiaeyaipsleotdLnutrsinhieibvmleaenreostbeenne-gshtlesdeo,mohedoeeolwyaeytnlaincfusdgnsyaaabirrdotrtsrplaohblhie.behldcempeieornataootnherosethmrvpoibaanvtaoeroiolqeooenrnleardnsnu-n.tnstssieteuumgthmotssoriebThuuenpfosaphsasoeptrtpcthcierflethseaeamoauypdoerytanstteelxoietfitieenaaymelfbdhnysbemtglresizvceletabilhseetisgn;creedyofnaeodoenudxfintrnxazferyeeibtpmetlodlchryenocaoaraeenasenpcannrpuersktrtePdtbshreoyhAreososd(poonau1tsHutchtolvus8bhoecodoer4jtemacteefs5isroanboncgo,plctdomrelypeea1atefztotsphr8ndaoeilpoet4ryadmirhue8spctvacih,aoynhesodhtyctoldh2onoieolwwas2utimwopc,ot5itsnxirtlhcio2shyaoichmaund,tramneowgaolo2mwgotmhr2bidetehoi5ieaesiclni9eettalisi,elncegl lailkseolybetoenbeoblseearcvheedd(f2r2o4m8,s2o2il5. 2)E. nhanced toxicity of the oxygenated hydrocarbons has
gsstplatdosdsnathraahouluhobeenbiieaaforsvievnbgeitditvwlgtllteprurigsseriieheerhtotteeereridNlwyyrsbeilfaritsayoneegeaoratulslbltaushctcolr(tditoeygser2lhubmeleaeu.eetemr3md,arnethdmrudoa3rpedvtiaeaoumheOarlsi9hotegtvnlspyemt)rreedetramier.dseiehcocsaiitroorpluennaoehdtaoaomrflohnrlssebenpbeeaacry,syepiceiappretosleataJesriilnttdnbnitdiolwtbcPehvycivareivalcpmfoeeo-ayeiogtiri4rnhioludtridtlrresygoibesaohfreaeofh.nutanigdnaehodneooitmlmrmvcerntaalxdTaaaygavtartyeeeharldoriihiernghgolnoocayaaoecertnymchmtdldctbmaonaa.cdieaorqllnoonaduirseaobnsunrtatdreoAftciasieanaritdlcc(aoicimlhoci1liddattrnsnifdatys8hftrebtiogptaeh.en4bmroeorwpttneaa6xoaunssaiheocnavbv,eIpntgsiytidinslsiecl-ereho2erdehtdaetwcosnde2oorghroletlike5ntoraeeegwwytdhxts2achmndutrdhuiienpeaa,naelsmrrmelbroiperdto2monntbtossalobcime2uoec.tunholaisme5ar,gcbnrgaayrth5elhrerpTbed-lomba,aodbyioerishamvbotiepao2roanicoceoegiincda2rcdrpoltrtfegat4ecoiatcopeaauvssrgoa9oprotrpedeicrbr,hnritttmmtnheiiaaooiagreltne2staladnaeanfops.sg2ainjnbnsalcoinmo5ne,ndaebsiitpsrTu3sodu.nilaoolm)dtoemreuchdnes.pi.enfhefottsefdNuusgifgnslihpneAnleurttiadBraszyochexgaosmeueontiettdrh;idanoivarfaolreidad-eaoolateabgorncdrthenerlnxroiceioosearigetedootaeu,niulernml-brtsidswtsmnfnatasebeiaaheadonseolixowamrcdritewdaktfmunvmireoieecteileetsfailnilnisglihelyoanexdasrrfobansagtadritrairnuvek;eroneidsdrtoeedmsdgie,fosn
66-24 FUEL OIL
aaatfciulnono.emddnl(/2pohIoi2rsnoiig5lnssnh7seluo)onmmstwtasastemlyaixinanatpoirerteceeyycctn,htufv(erbareideitr.oeguolde.tynn,ovemdegaaeonrrvercacnactduictiulcsanoartdnbweioedelniernxitvthciitoreooopopfnfetnttsiwthmmhpfeeaueodvnmsmepsotgiiserrbc)ctaar.lrobyodonloileIodnertvuiggftesaomihoronrroniagshmusmna,ylidndcsteirr.osxbootmtaebcrDalsiea,mermalbglneoreoadnalwncytdtsicioapvlocontiHmotineoym,gdpnapllotentmrihtwmdiesaaietywntbegWiphbmoeeeddparnielielekogirsfmderauera.tiletudleearadtnesd, 66.23 Primary Routes of Exposure from Sofl/Ground Water Systems pccplpohaoronraentgbsereseanoTnurcntht-ritsscaeeehlrianibaaesriutbxenfitpocussvoaetthesrllsiuoaupodtnrhgiieglsgatslchetypuisehcatsioatrschrvtioohcwevmnoaaeatmyrpoystmopf.huosoefntnadrdevtoeensanrrtagphsitloaayevutvahsoserworycrlaoobhyimwneisgdphtsphoutonpeogtioegersntneoesvttnitsiolast.lilmaatthTflaiolayihfrttoeyhrbpapfiubvororoeaileomycasccfocuyuwmccmeulaleimutcweoluarihal.ltrasaiootthTminoda.hnaivfet,efiTecwcrlhoohheemwnyisltdeevrafotahpteoer i"ortwrheneomesluuyalhlVdtiaenoaiitnrlnveaeingltseadiirlogtiinizwvtlaoiefetwliiiyccogoaanhusrnmtrltdoyaffiulnbolefhcuulfcalrekuolalariclqtostivuo,iioelansarnnnyfetdorixstonplimboeoswteshcualoeayrfudesbstisoseheipcteloooassufouawissrlleotfrdsraooikcotnfeeewgrintstoossrootlovrrsowoppwrlitaaleilrotvsdiinwaldsipzoetoetunohr.ltdesspoVwirninloeoa.sltttasehutbrierleeitza,aearbextelsiapeop.enelcectGoaieavfdrlialntyvthgoietfyor dceafeaftraiomalisaisbsmcspscueulhohetpplrGil.saoaaevoitnsrorreifToicandswcutwhsoeconeineaonwmrrd,spmeeiphtttm,wphhhoapoetauaserhuietdentgee,unsedrrendwsomnudTscuot.pcoiohn.usonrsedlnoeIdotnatflswasvmbooaieoalnerliduntunoiebneeabmrfxlgtrlesipaemaott1ecufnicarct0cdoyiatoymemaccnmdtonau,pimdoyosotwnivopnnr1heoege2iimssunchuNchntomulsadvtonrfaes.wldbfionrroi2coalolenloyntmdfsmldusyaaioeptlrstalontosooermomsongletitsveshaldh,eteo(soi42ocupifs0n3fisu%laa1mlr1nstn8f1hedad)ttoe.chseclferaoagoTsttwrro,hfboherfeuoumerennntawhehmdlcteeaahyesottwdrsewoltsreramh.oaccterctuesseaaorBlwrcaralyukbronatsbrodtawenlboefrse2lorei5rg%mhast JwwcsrheanuexoniuaagcpnpdctthrocepeleeeerrsTflaaroiunehtrsoortiswuerrodeapansemrmt.tpiaaohgialolromheiyeEnevutsasmexaes,tPmplexio(scroAp9oveeos8ecnesHufrc2oumtret'm)tlseest.ohe)iusdpnnfelbotsgttfteyouuooiinnenwffhbdlisiaicesighonntoheigngirlraneaetscncsars.otofdtemiunimooTecbidnnnlpeeohanocomeeettanxiexrleupepdpasns(oototeeitstisso.cseouugMntnir.aralis,tneeininpssanoi.gtmalafiarrnpnaaotfGghillduucsstrne,olbheoildnewasuecolhxnweodtiilidonmesacrtechtsswem,eousrmamfmarotfalmapereapyretocaphtxenyhdaaypelierwlconssneoocsatnuahunstptpreartehatireranasmsgttukdhedilefrrasntrrielnoiaoeltinamknontfketieinisphvntdugoaeuhgrrllnmeywiyfndwa-aakclantoietenwergr
FUEL OIL
6 6 -2 5
secideftphnrooxoxruioftippmomflomeduoevpiacsusVbsaonuitscanpoeucnrtsgdlosoereeaexrfsnnmtalitapitnitocltkatesoioeezmenasboaultstbilegtsfprhnieadeoieafmofsl.nuioltofrseburel,edihloeuDccnbhofitoeelfpiemdiro.sfclleopuienaennmsieissunegtslets'iosreiolnsmeraotiocahlttilcpoilkhuenhcotiiedeuhrgnyrvipdtegnmaartrraghepnoounlesotcranuttarestrdpfsi.arouovwevbtrcireeoaolEtgl,.lryfunraxudsrsotpalEeeiuotoltilsvnnewousoediurnncsitavrlohossteatiimtetslpnhohthogpreseimsuraanotaangrn,ahpryfeneaeterfnhoacboettaeia,stresshs.inrrumekmederrxTissooenopu,hrpraloneteetontshiohtdnuvveeitegnronapehsltptmaieoiianopantpiovrilelsalresiseintpes,vhohmaoepwrvunareaaowelartytalsocyrhaht,epodieteoilpairisnelonfnoeufftdruhtmthsaueennity 66.2.4 Other Sources of Human Exposure opeitanexnnocvpdptosoiulvpdsDvleueareacirtdngtiieoafklsioincinonvfrnecggfosorumwomaeaumlanpptthdbehosairneecnsenlaudmontrsltteicohcsneroignpnemnotgociavtbepyoanlrelereabtrerataetaidtonltiiefoilooyoentcuxnsoanpwsmvdomoaospriaufinlonyar.fnbeuoeeletxeTntlhopthiesoene.rfriyulitceehimhnlneacaopeayliiilttredaemrirlasrsaaneotyodcutfrrbweedtec.haeeirtiisedmvEreeGxanaplustsomiicfdswioaueenledr.ltle.alinSciatPnhesvfaeioeifrlnarrspmtaoifrlnooaonnotiedoln
663 HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS
663.1 Animal Studies
663.1.1 Carcinogenicity
.
ftnrhuoemmybGcseoeernnv6teearriaoenlillcyar,araroncemkuirmanetgsbiicedpruhrayo1ldcareoonsislcdseasrnt.bhuoamTnt shboeef(ryt2e22nm1a9fcuy)o.enblteIaoniicnlsacrohacnirigtnerhoalngysote,tcnoiicncnaddrtueocsnitnasroeniagdilmenafauirlcsoelmesifvasettunihccehtyphraocosoudnguthcatisn PAH components that boil above 370C (2219).
tfermompCetreharettuabrinleesnc. udriSnroegmnotelfyofarfvatachtilieaosbnelsehbfioguihelil-nbogoiillbsinemlgoawfyue3bl7se0tchCaartcwianitrohegetdhneiorcsivebeedbcoafiurlionsmeg tachtaetyhailgyahrtieecrderived cracking processes may contain carcinogens (2219).
Studies have demonstrated a direct relationship between tumor potency and the cmctoholfaiennrtrciehefedeifneodtttrrhueaoamtithilooawrnivshefoepobnfrrmoehsnraiedogtnethitor-,mlnbitnoohreirleaietsnetigtguhinmnfairnfoairrcce1atspi0npooconvteneso.nsltuechTmyathoteveaaa%lrtpuuepemosalifodcorad7fte0pidt0oohnteFteo-ntbpocflloyeumrnsvmdoacsualbustaealerelensyikstdliisecna.s.sgraeItFstphoraworeniaslase2on0dvrtaeaatltuneiordenof
66-26 FUEL OIL Eae2(2s0cxt2c,aiu1mm5r90aa)i0nt,teeatddthaaieoosysnsrseeswoosmvfomeaubretloeendisrtltiibainomelgsfartartehaerqedenuigripierfrcseoatdohbrafcefoibbndrllyoielagnucedea5nnre0icdtc%incppoootenguttetrmeanonioilntcerisuaarmlcneodscIppanotrrhonctedshiineureoc(ptgo1soep8ntim1ens8naio)ocynry(nsiomoenftehaiyBpTbriibantoobegvrlhiesuda.nem6d6ae-ner4t).al. soFmtfINaaaPbptpta((ioneiunhaFpvncfrremOoosreicmeooeenOdptstatetiBrtixmeizlhlrohsattaotBaiaidF2aueourieetmenongrv.dni)ismrdnrs9nlitoeeeiaaymumtaeeenntwohtzdbtch-poacte,ariopirstielwcaatoceflsnrlteartryhesttrrueneihtgcow2ewtcethdattec6dsme.hoaerui4bteienoo0csnenaeoemoroianbeaewvdsdlodecteftnsmt,steuo.llee)wua(eiiolMartmdmrwemDpoemriugeseknTpvpokepdmiaeMiapwomlecceeerrkhihyirlrodanedosdsisdeoBallestrtl.r.yufhmintwrpsAiolibwmaceannlenafroTaeaodtc)acoeeirhttr.tctnteftrhrr2ito(eiiektheniitv.a1e4etenvrso2eiTgat8brietohes4fnwlhy1oHomdhldeBya6i9yifaoeeetdwcylogiAd)idienwftcdramCnrfheirkFoePotvtorigeo1eeDcestosOatioukh2tat.trdoesnfptrybrp-BetvsstartIe.eoeteea5ywhelNuaawwdrso-tt0assmtdwmieitmefWh.eitatteadettmihg/deisoodhxv5phrocaehrwEgeieFelpet5ntvwsFeej5nraireO.0xecnbcvOie0itiodcgndunot1eeaBxhhjBhlnEDin7ntxpisat.amcem6atgziiaLhmrMhrdaogswoc5aoaotynDanT[whoait0brBtolwndatioeseuhMsfbree]fdrrn.Ailit/sepoiotyceoixugaeahBalalyn2tLamhslHhwlrnr1s8Aschm1teyaoeswt7o.8ayvta:a.dcnui0ry3sddovdetiterC-egrnielrIeirbtoudsuAstigndos.ioeasytoeta(stmetttifrnniBaelyelarsttaFteuoldTreehdseettraAtaatOi.efe.ariiethnitsnvdPfeaaotfeaBegaoeeg2ostdnTG)grcrdebrafFrmwaedtwaorosuooFo2htOgpecFnrieoeouafaOetlaewrlOwieiButpdtonvhnwkBeieoipsoeitmiBgnyomresthaieo(feiydil,n2noepbkstaw.eth2rii5ksatbtoohtsnato.iaiha5chs5uslnbtaitAd2emsees0oatyrtnglni8aeytnertelpagaoas-uf8d,/d1aat2xt)lswnnm-m7etsec4eL04eeo%dwretd10eo5di.r%vatr4ehissot.oCyfd. typesBoilfesN(o3.0264f)ueclonodiluc(Atemd osckoinfupraninatciengoiclaarncdinoNgoe.ne2sibsubrinoearssfauyesl)o. nMdiaelseelCf3uHel/,HtewNo 2mfo7ri%celiff(eo5tr0im/dgeire.osueApl )lfluwtehel,rree2e8e%xfupeoflosserdpArtomodou5cc0oedmfuiicnrrncoraleciateesreosdilo,ifnacnuiddnde1ni8lcu%etsedfoofmrmaNtaeolri.gia2nla,bntutwrisnckeeirnpfetuuremlw.oeres;k pftegmdleehxroonmaeoctsgreeueaitfsnpNnhlusgteeieTirvfaolooBdsePlfrui6eboipeC(rbsyfx3reo3ap4ipldtFtn8ohaeefjd3sttruuir)mf(oe5our5nlcael0eeodlwl/ausngtanaaomrdywspdous-Jpue/d5cwPurlpteie-elecd)rc5deaiaekwvktrywiie2aoesldafl-/trneoywsiedroemet5aneoe1earxka0draptrd3iathnfloeyyoeetwsrs.rhem/cedwde8leaCiie4ekpslteosiospkstwenetelfsduedofeofedoorqukfrsdiueeemsoasl9esrpni0fsactooptaonerlwfllydicdi,e0binanee,JottkttPhti2teehoshe-5rr5nes0mfslc,,oeenailranxnooapnegwervufsityeml-h5tamdoh0fraooufae0lssreflmeeeclm.ieganigxmcgirropecM/toikniohcungi.esaenpouloesgirhDtn.feehianugeetnTtihehacod-hhcedthieogohhsioegfh dpsiaotepseilo-lgofrmaopuaspploiacrnadtciao5rncdiinnaoymms/awasleee(kcmomifcoerbien1x0ep3do)wseoedceckutsorrfmeodrarwtihniteehodatihepseerolsgiftruivoeeul.ptsr.NenoSdqn(uePao<mp0loa,us0is5a)cwealetlrtehe
TABLE 66-4 POTENCIES O F TW O BLENDED FUEL OILS FOR THE SKIN O F C3H MICE
Base Blending Stock A"
Cracked Residuum Added" m
0
Content of BaP <%)
0.01
Dosage1 (mg/mousc)
20 50
Number of Mice 19 20
Final Effective Number'
17 17
Number of Mice Developing Tumors Malignant Benign
31
1 7
Bd 0
0.00
20 40
23
01
A 5 0.05
20 30 50 30
27 27
15 8 13 8
B 5 0.04
20 40 50 28
31 27
9 11 99
A 10 0.08
20 .30 50 30
26 25
19 7 22 ' 3
B 10 0.075
20 40 50 30
35 30
22 13 9 18
A 20 0.16
20 25
23
12 9
B 20 0.15
20 29
28
11 16
a. Residuum (> 700"F) from thermal tracking of FCC clarified oil.
b. Applied twice weekly
;
c. Num ber alive at time of appearance of median tum or plus'num ber of lum or-bcaring mice which died earlier.
d. Base stock A is cracked Bunker fuel; Base siock B is West Texas uncrackcd residuum,
c. Limits of confidence (P = 0.05). Reference 1820
Source: 1820
Average lime of Appearance of Papillomas
1W eek s)
5.8+1.7'
41.5 3.6 28 3 3.3 49.1 5.5 36.9 3.3 40.4 3 2 32.2 2.5 40.5 19 26.7 1.6 25,2 2.8 23.4 1.7
66-28 FUEL OIL opNteainhvtbrTeoisdddPevooceridossnvaeeineclns-sddergoieotofleicfoaofqolt2nlunceo5sadicw0vrlouociinfancidnnagcetodlrhdgeeiexase5tv'npsh0sieito0dacdusteidutmnyiuyrncgn,eec/fdkoimtdegororea.fmnrJtcicPhnaae-eelrs5ec.dcionaoifneonCsdgsdeoqeilnfnuteisfiaomceumniqetasyuollueeoainsntfBtcldt6myheoC,liasls3NelenFs2Te-iaoyoPnmepfdalhi2arca5fsesedm0mwedsraaeamnotsldeeafrplmB5trhs0o6ite0vnuCiedsd3mdkyeF,igdn,t/nh;kmfoagottihrcreueeJr.nsPeudb-l5eytrs, , dtpafiuroemeetslreeswossR/lbeweoeaeusefkimunelelkyg-tasctsfahuolpnirmgdrfheu6ostsr0elehyilngawtrelmeeaend-enoidckrgebesiriny.nigavScemftcdrihavoluemme.ltaza6rGniendtrteoofaued4lpm.i5es(asm3eol6elfg2,fC81ue0)3eiHtlothonafe/nrB1tddh53eJmmtPsimi-kicc8ieeen,isnw/wtwdueiiemrtceheaoktrdteihfegoerterhmnsa4iahtc0lalaylpwlelo-eedtfxeeoepnkruotsirvisaeefflodduroetlf2so 6 663.1.2 Genotoxicity and nAuPmIbhears2cofnudelucotield(1a91b4a)t.tery of 3 tests to evaluate the genotoxicity of diesel fuel ' bo5ctcftaa.hreeatinoelsndesDdtq4eatd.esuraynNic,esesgoomIl.sunteannnohmcatl-coiyTervatvebrfhechneweiodtenlectrwiyarevcAsialpr2anhlctesmteiy1iiafrgoco7tuwsechnooneeseimsgtsltnim.hecamtwoonsauoisencIeegltainshtdalreyi(rneic,t5batoohti0ymsiosfet%mtftnaruagawssotetadboi.iaqucsvydelstausva,riAetcgeerbjSaaunneartllplnydtceylraaytaitmgecaitkecsocgtpsdasdeeinuhlgisloltwneolntytrss-omaiaoDcSfcsglrioab.racaenawsaewnstaeccyniglsekeetpretsenhqneayhadodoutnyirmnaurig,favtsalrituyinttototoiasrmgcmolicawalunwkteflamrtt)7etsoaror.rhe5bagmfesgeataoteht1trvlamn0loiae2eodc.roi01ewnm1t0pna2to2iohc5tTxan./t5sianiAiigli%ctnvsetd/oti9avmveu.nt8ehrei1nLleoeis.wdAgg2dn,.rhea5e.etrtsnrhhIiudgeunvieIal/gonemtkcohssbmgtebbbiao/viudpseentlaerthraceeartaayrveivt2touaeiefonlcsodfsnehu.rel omtcyefpelltthsahiEbmitsrlouleloerianicitluteaomcdcantuiiTnvaseAnacdtd1uio0lsHtn0iugarnbaleliun.eftditctanfn(oo3ttu1nii9nnd7c)critehtaretsoosetmsebdoeinsfogrmseainscettoeitaorobnxceihr4crraoowtmfiitoaNhntusiSdm9ine.bxeCcrAhhl2ailnntfeghuseeeesl ahionraiomltmhisnateetSripcarolfevmrsaaeorcnnytcieoelnlaosf aohPamhfurbafioLgoemnsghlm/iokets-Dwriatgndvmet/aiooerdiescsatsaoelroeyaifxevtlrdisiianfaecumforcsulryttatiehins(colc11eitnwsei9gvtosl51eealirstr4rvbydee)ey5td.arioynnedeubHaxeapnttgttyhaeerrdasndaioe.tincldtiuevoAtieniSdtecormeionsndcriloenugenswcsblletuatyiuthetulehtirtesinssenetj.adrtdielrnaiac.matnts(bpitdebo3aeotn2othrtei8snhisyxt5telohia)tcnitshmbaeuseltiaellathyfplerAoedarixsmonrimigwaldjoeenitedsweci.cd-ftyaiicoctonTdayonrdihntg.eoetehsmtnseioDigeleonxhotuciffic-srucsrdieeetaeoyaaclswlsstyeseitiaon,moassnytapo.isC0snh.hwa6owTcilm,enihehpr2leraehles.o0aemaaddtssoiieosecrvatsshyooea6.ielnmd.0de
FUEL OIL
66-29
bs(Ib3anoom8lnit5chee9Li)saemecxbstatpeaoirvsemwrtaroeiietwdmtizopenNceunetabtalavllnasilycdl.aocftoff(uio3noeru3ndlan9,itJt1dsidP)oti-nierd5tsesi.enad(ltaeegnfdsuaoptetwielv-ocimetibahsailnelrkyrienv4rreeeoofwsafiennanteyshedeeaivkln5sieodtrrseoatfnaopsnceueednrnaiedtor)ofdntwoceSilataablhslleymto.anongenedZgneeawlilictagiitveahterceotsuuietvttnistdamyterl.raeinitnaths.e
663.13 Teratogenicity, Embiyotandty and Reproductive Effects
oIp8tonb6rxse.s9itegcirntAiotuvayretntedo4terr0aaCa8ntitR.dno4eLhlicotip.ob-ghpCniyemtOdriosuBtndoucSoftdoesyFCdef uoDflaeeef(tltvSaFeLOlDlu.iigte)ltrBloAo#RnOwlsi2tBlohr,aif#otoats2nrhnewdew6trieecadrhsseeo.wvsuaeeprFsxlosoprnpnodosommasoeireledyendv.datitdyo(bNes3nyao60ci5rtehmtb6heo)oar.rftoAneutremegnrhceaaorltin1oct5cgaoeenxonnicftiPirctgeaiytettyrsiwo,toanaleetssmiuoombnfi,y0o,-
gdtheieesstae4Tlt0iho0fuenpeAlp(3mPa6tI2ec7axo)lp.nsoocseAsunplrttorehnaoltsueioovgrnehelsd,aoaalfdlet1eec0mrr0aebtaooisyrleoog4tiyon0x0smitcpuapdatmenyrdnwfaotietlrhrfa6ortoaohdtgoseucneroxi/cndpsaoruysemesoudpnlttbisodynawyienswrhae6as-ln1ao5etbigosoanetfrivtvoee.d at
663.1.4 Other Toxicologic Effects
663.1.4.1 Short-term Toxicity
The following fuel oils were evaluated for acute toxicity in six tests:
Numblmheoirwegdh2-ic-ucafmautatea-llcylyatoitticialclcycrtriacacckckeredadck(1(e50d0%%(3))0%)
NumbAAAAerPPPPIIII6 ggggfrrrruaaaaevvvvliiiittttoyyyyil5112.1723../71.11//.20/20..%78.2%%%SSSuSuulfulluffluurfurrcrocccnooonntenttneetenntnttt
Diesel Fuel (marketplace sample)
KerosDHeneyeoddroodriezseudlfurized (API #81-07)
KerosJJJePPent--e58-Ftyupeel Ajet(pfuuerlisty unknown)
66-30 FUEL OIL
The 6 tests that were conducted were: . ---- AAPDrcceiuurmmttaeearylodreseareylmnestaoialtxinziadcanittddiyoesnirunmbinaraalcgtuisurtirenitedaaetiropmnigasiln-torxaibcbitiytsin rabbits
Results of these tests are discussed below. .,^1ggwg6dagc2aaearnias.snafsudst0uttversrreiree5oToottlads.ypeoi1hslnoneloe7ytiwn1tglef0e7s/asaork.s5tcs5tcicgio.tuocna2.irougtsuaebe1/ralsskAsa0renoegtne0dadrrr.d%ddraavomco1leT2puts.d.m2-otnneo3o%rxdeoaxtTouiradticfchttmlasaihdiiutyst2sloyeoyiils5gtfnswyungaweaigaretssafaw/tnsks2ecgwiiingrto2trteihach-netvcd2llhaotuaado4etuaudlesonaugrisergsbtneahed/easkgtdttwsce.h.gedtaa.o1soansTsf0Ni'ln0Abthoef11h%oepec65Serrse.-5dpnimoc2gmmuurip0naatamesoooi,tgygfrisbioutltt/2ceokarnee1atltger-hinovDvt(gaxyto6u1ea/ri.la9nkcdguwfl2gteyuemiNlm9.gl,dee)erlyoatd.LehentoioeeraveDeivarrlioditerMmoaswrhfe.lflaveniogttatatchaTaeeh,ledsrsuhedtita.eaoeerensodlofrMtni.mAcrhnhulateoeaePmTnemrralIsgthrbtioaeneirseedrnlduprrirtaimLethyfl2tcarDabhitofgi^oeemioiri,ccnls . 9th0e%nAummomrbatearrlkite2ytpoaliatlscae(1ds9ao2ms4ep).loef o1f6.d6iegs/eklg.fueTlohxaicdsaignnsLwDeMreofth7e.5sga/mkge ians rtahtosseansdeecnauwseitdh ,LossltfiDugdh>mitA1eliys6nnwcmrooiartLnthasg/lkekogLsfetDref>oodWrs6el0oJinvfPeem--2r8tLs0y./pakgeng/kdjgfeoktriindfJunrPeeal-yts5ss,. hiinnaSgsmreasbitttesihoe(nne3t1or9aef5lp.2)o5(r3tPm6ead6Lr4k/f)koegrrrekoeptfeorrJaotles.tae(nnF3e5uo.4er9laI)lnALraerDpceu^osutretilnteaodnrmailiocnreal
dBNOkmgreiietdoaorhcdnvmrreieeeIotraysrnypleasgsa5tairyferr.cao2rcudlr/dihl1tteeoeae.vsr2wLtemi%doaoianenbaflreg,lsmnd(uwiu3tralha1emfrleuic9igtbsur4ahdt)et)tutereioidrfnln6moitodeousasuxbasnlnic,ucdcedtaoadphntnnnhpedosouapluirigtmaeccsntxaytabiieitsttfaeiditiosr,cep,namwao2ngtsiioatacttohfmxsistisli5arosigrgorannmaaitbnsenssbLtndoewio/tsfksf4elt,egilttntloonohoaxfxaualfiismcr8cdgiiidrtbtyiyrryiee.aeisrtbas(aeetb1Ml6tlii95otfo2sohunr4igeethl)a/laak.avpnlgdfiyrdto.HyorcfdcoouIw2outwne4anclgecsegevahodes3ueiostl7rustem,.eed(r5iddAsEl%d.Plsla.ueItrovnsegrs.e drthaabeybspiItfnasotlcctlhohliweepspesdewudbebrayfecruearetee2modfdoeavhryemadirrae.lasntsTtduphdeaeryi,noaeddrweoaasendrsdoesmraeaanraignepipenpdeglaiebtfdra.aonpmdTpalhg1iciesatdotciofoo1nn0rtfim2no4ruLeh5/dkogcuforownsresaer5tceucwaotihpnvipsecelhicdeudattiyimstv.oee
FUEL OIL
6 6 -3 1
c6onrdniaarpIhnnaa7ebnneaoeicsunv%cdgosrttlteregsarurohaeaoreekhepdisvddlsmxseeeeaeieirpsddgtaodtiofahanrerrtafeotasstohfo(niaaletlnm1secta,odlvtoidm9imsgtextc2.ay7yhcoriomv4sce5eernaii)nrLrantt.rgewyththntiierovivoaauroeiseWaeualgtimntao1trgbsii,wclob0ihbbettnd0nudhtheiidg%ette.lreeshaaclgrtoesrr.6hmrlaAvst5ooeerstvi.asftwe,do1Gaiulasss/eeecate1rancnhsundolo.amott2ceoosnofeon%eselrdrdsaidg1eeilonrot0etexdisesr(esfisoeduaseAmtcm,ftihgelroPf(aaLageeo8up7nnlInnpep/r5rkdndaem.si%ogargyrettrnrLcisaroaAcidliolat/tcegvmekianltotvnoisleigtotgolieonsiyd,ox3oerlno,enitnsoE5wc.amftns.mf.iell1teuaidadyadt/rIurmA1yi,nt,eesel.atrbdt2smaaitmaaBef%eeltalolllorrtilsacho2mtodfdlcat2ri.usls5oaoaleuieserslsssoedllhlrameefeieenuileasgv(tsnlLep,romraeiecv)ca/tclftbkre.iahlhatopeorugir1uencvsrsk)t0Ls.i.oeesnewnatldm,tdshubepiuGCtcaemLlichwrlacrn(/eibos3aokcncedmese1ensgliivicugsr)9,tsutaehhd4hl6nmralwtoet)eineidstsofaocdlyoiiogrossgirbcrltsronwsaaessaeps,elnlaanisrtastdyyvelestd
JetacpaopoencrptriudotratthFooetI1ehsunc0lidooeio0uesllln%ourm,Aagmbsynamaoredclcfeocueoscrrsttnuotoechaflrsretilirdireisbtomeduyesrwrdiemiiwoindntnaaihenlrrh7aye5aestt%tplhbooudaebpldatosemiipdsceecerdsorisaetverowcrteoxaeadifditl(tcih3it2ianty1t.thyhg59ei,y5tnahpd)4tn.aerer,droasaat1dbhgn0besrydsiiamptutspeel1.L,fhr0up/,akrClmnHiaglzdisLeantdd/izdikcocleegsakpcet.lehor-rslenaeEiosngvssvRngeeeislendad.sleeitnbneiAnfceccolhbeultdalhdoovo(eew3ifsdo2eitrhn8r.aeoga1pcfn)uHtas8hottiietiebsicmosdsentLaeroarm/vxlkmeiegcdaitloyf
owemooabtma(r1pbblpafhlega9irsnemidJ/r2efalkndiPeee4rdIenIgamrvn-)nlesegm5t.yedoohaedpd1riflreisrreer4iwa,ieamars-nmnadsti.bmhtguaesabaaydirlimyrtTincpriotiynefgnebehsduesmgreedeekdefk.rsrerlodiienmortev6ioreamSdm.eeasafnsidottagledamoHi5lnlwtlssas0sJtaiiiafndurs0ePruws,irdod0in-enies5taitclceeetea,rt,nolhssosteudnataidedoclldo4imllaneaoeau0frdscnmiBn,cneet3u0dit6ealaism00temusCeel,d0tfewc0avsua3tl0ie,almeFsbenmlr0slydtyf,egshilcctraa/mteabkheeaonmopyrgenridncpydmnesgeuNitlildi4nyheianmcgT0ddictegonhail,bmiPo0uvgectaefnl0ecddarytr(.or00eo3er.tdaam2i54hrddmtnr8eioddmindg32ftiio/gla4o)0fkLesrft0s0dguiwte,nw0oo20essigoemt40eft.htfor0ohauhehfJepynDmo4Pw2mpedu0iD-0gteeiir5,ortl/0,rsrsu.kh0odpe0at0glelal0eeiba0Trztdudfslaemhiumiwaotsameeenttsgh-eleled/doaysirkccwtkeifhogehn4riianrrfnt0giasihrvip,aJqni0eealtolePeudd0anixs-t0netd5iiodnto,ongtasshenesd
mptoaotrdcaheHbrbayteidttsertlsoyk(d3iienr1sr4ui(t4l3af)2ut.i8rn1igz)e.(d3J4ke1et6r)oF;suewenhleeArweawassa,smJmPod-i5ledrlwaytaeisrlyrnitoiarntri-initragrtii(tn3ag1ti9wn5gh)etanonrd0a.5bJbPmi-t8Lskwwianassimnapiltdphlleyiedto
dapispclhiTeadrhgeeto.nurFmaebbwbeirtcoe6ymeoseil.asl wToehpreaesceimtimeinsaimtwereairlaleylsptporromodduoucdceeedrdabtceuoltynejiuyrenrsicttairtveiantulgrrwneedhdneentsos0,.n1sowrmmelLlailnwgwaisathndin
66-32 FUEL OIL
7n2onh-iorurritsa.tinDgietsoelmfiuldellywirarsitnatoinn-gir(r1it9a2t4in).g and number 2 oils ranged from practically
"v -f-T. ,
a(3p1p4li4He)dyadtnrododrJaePsbu-b8liftu(er3yi4ze1esd6)(k3w2ere8or1es).ennoeJnew-tiarFrsuitpearltaiAncgtiwctaoalslyrmanbiobldnitl-yieryririertsai.ttaintigngw(h3e1n950).;1wmhLerweaass, JP-5
ssaaeennnnddssiiJdIttniieezztoiadndtFegioorurmnieinzlae(Alg3du1sei4k(nn34ee1s)ra;i9ot5iJspze)Pai.ng-ts8ei:oHnceoavnwsuoutkseumeveddbdeieressr,ae,0n2d0.s1e.if5tluaimzemyalLetLdoioo-iltonfyf(pJb3tPey1h-9es5te6hnf)ieon,slidmltpoiizewaeaasxiteninimlougnftizufauoeintielillo(grnmoueisiltansuereslkwttaeeedt(prp3ie4ligna9snc5emo())3n.i4l(d1361)9;4)
/*'/wedcsgdegdddnphu/elxoxruuuueuoeoniexgopnpoouirrrlscrpnmhoociiaoddeoreonnemteSstssmooosggiauonutehrronliypnbdrtroniionattprpzzeeelushhgrryaeeiirssrstogceyeddtap-thasiefdaotetoelflfeaxsdafkkariutenrbwpryoosiexemtncsoitodorefrtptocodsstkoioe5ootei,eunsdi1kessmisransor0eeraiumdoerhen5eennonfllrifsamoyiesnedeenovclvrae.2.aaliaoufnaan6nitt3lnntpdtfioieu0uKDeohouhsor.twsennseee0aaarooesocrl6s6iseceusonoumsoecr5eoraftmzoshutokf-,sufeecir/feosmsvar0ddlateo8xueyehocen.aliulapr1reaaxsesdyanolsdoa3sostpa,ndteesal5felftoWishouddsyoxicaosco,roarsorttuohn.re1lbvertarene1e4.ir2festcsei5mofec0eTetitemedmbr.ofhWw2ichmnva(nateeotag0e1iayetserssieirl4rs9dtsnnvsshama,8woihue.2nmti4ninorcntiien0nNoc/e,eolgeArLn.eaesnu4n/eo12ruer.Llsred5adl3audrmoxotum3aoreossCumpbdaic4odgivflnagoasnatey)l/ueeeyecoLnscrxd1plsrudrsosgospfp.cr,vuo3omripaeuIoecev,pwbreclnneslsadlbahhaj2ndsdetil2.eruateraa.adah10cirsgntwneivwt,dttedeteagteddaesi.s4eoddses(tstaiwe.oi3tse0yinuk7dDmar5nsdis,girt.eal0.ini5a.hlbaolfiet7asolilhars(bn)etmetTfrte3neihudehdo6lhe1cgCeey9ein.lxe0e/clf0tuL,Dspuo1aawedn,acote)mota-ogneooed3lIsrtsesrdngaaef4teevtkeal/xdcmch.aLapsiemrataaptio(nemcnh,to3gforateodar1/trrapstLreta4ehlotde3fdt8oeooi)orrn8
663.1.4.2 Subchronic and Chronic Toxicity
: 1 -,
cmondJpmainotPrefogacmor-tbr/ml5ixLeveeoo,iSiamde)tlbru.ahidsutasaenbaletldldecmrMsraxyhtvreacuJpareyyxriPboocdnitpujEn-snotu8oulieeipwa.ncnsrrlreedceea(dfntsSsi9ceietlmeoe0me,scavln-veiolindeacse.nlndra,llcestahfylia.TuluVyn)rnehdauaiedlinlietnominsvnfuhi,goeeneoasrfsftltlfmterydaei9amgtraca0titaoltruoaosstpinbdlooneleuawreeiotysltmteoabssdhrxrhsiieeiic(eeancr3persvim1,tleve0tuy4lehoo.g40dorersfs,5buteubdpos3eosederel0freraopi8aevvnxgr60sneeiele;.medrdc3she3sradaeto4amlhvadot1ietegdgt5cusb/o)tLbk.b;cohseueeedehoer-llRyalrnoofhreewswdiplnecgaeeeeenaohbtpvtielneegrrei-dtrdhiorldhse,ulteceesncartoilugeotihtinumaepvnecidtmehssn-hedern,ewcooitjnoenprircetfneaaohtfmscstetrhihriftcfsaouaioyutt-lnlesseeeeilidl-ssnw(r,0oaooe.tir3fflsse
FUEL OIL
6 6 -3 3
hdwspJpccthhhoPereoeaaronpas-rti5lxtntaeveeiitMgw-nemxfodadeoupecaalserorsoelrcmoeulsiiN9lntvusuau0opaelrrlybbtdulaeidhuunsrgbageelemphayyrgfatrskavadeot.itedirtinncdteediyehnnrsMwlaaeenelicisnnllyatha.ddohslfatemiufienoiMUgensrigtnrlceucadeiaellltbdsfnutdsouoifau,dniruletnliareexan9reb(ilrhgmt30v,ohidf4ebitdonederc1hiriregsteal8eiacyecb9)d1retsno0le.ox5feenddot0p,rdciueoacedaotcnstnuyroridedstobesde.r7enaubas-5slitrtreBemi0oiiensdosrlinma0lunamagts.neng0re.raea/5ddomlrrrweBeiaf3(snttranr3uhhouctad0lterfntty8rsese0apc6arceot3i)esnhexrte(raatpd3maimonloc0snlggohsoea8de/meyul6Ldesoam)hebldioirito-nssnaoufetbetaolrhssplpnpvaedeeeedearrprttxdvytrorahspeoopthjodorlolulaeeleseconulveuttyegcshdmem-ttiredeciisosneaisanrblanitlvmehdeeed:
dchitnhoyieanptstteherrAetlophtlflceauor1seant9iluatt,sbrmMoaualnolnaanddrrc;taNhtdwtssahe.augepsgreoenhasfcettooecrrxnoaepmtiaowopnsnaaudsnriienUdedidtstodhtbiiennpygeeum(tx3ripsao4horl1ekas8uebe)ddmlea-mmnfrdaaionnlmeBedrrrasutahlhnitazseealrewto-ilao(dd3sne0rrm8iaav6ntoe)drd,neerpJpseePeshlp-vvr5ieeoccrpateaunivtrdtheohlytaymhn,oeabflriionisanuelernvded
wiimfmneamohpsraaatlaRailarteltteeisirtndo)yinabwil(un5atteo0esbf%dfoo0etb.ct5hotsgseroesrerwxevapqete1edour.rs0eeuilntamnrheeoamgtn/ogLircafcoesoocuhnpfaprttrJrooPobnnal-oitos8ctuhtidfwnnoeccorromemdnw9ac0aleieetneinsdtktiamssary.ansaptdlioe(o3s2ntr40-sa1%et6xos)pn.egoexrs-peyKuaoeritasedeer.nrdeptHyhcoooasftunwnnteeiccnxvotpueinoroot,nsuruosiwnrllyseca.rsbienyasDlsieegdahtthly
wdpsaattinnaomeupddsrdeeielissJdIlea/nPaoswor-sycfwe8seihe,-geinrktranSheeocicclfnfahrjohiiectorcuetasflduni4dtsfzet0ue.rlreerewmlrtnesaed.aaanelullkg.cGslistetn(irus3ogooid6noruif2nerp28issons,)mtwobiirnmifeo6tcphdel1uosyt0o/rpdwwtieten4eotedr5geiokg1smalh5ietmftugro,Comirlaip3an-6Hhrs0iia5fcegn/0fwBndfaiedmenfceisdcitkhmcasasrdni.olacetelesgi-Ttideneownehrbcreesersirreveoeapareftrsvdidieevcmedemyriancmarnilnoyraseihpplnstlelyhyheexsreeaetdonexnniimnepeswsh,oieceaaseleinligeatddfhhftufiteeotesrolnc,t3s6
wFdcdtDmmt(oe1hioieogsaef0rsrtt/dsrs/oeykeegeeiondTnglrsospic.eohceffoeiousuindrnrfaDJpecitdocPl)2eeJeetuf--snePcigw5yecvnJtr-r,eltee5eP-eeamwr8afad-rdeuu50steoeeees0etrbreredlgo0ktymxdarxbtpelbimahNdyicaiototnaeogyTtisdrdntel/eimPokytrewsdhgrgoawamtwy.e(rtlhs3oeaaaea41sioOslgnqtn83dbuhudt3-aooshdwotpa)bsesreicelperseraaesevwsletsrirkeoqcoeocvwdraburiefs5anitesatdtii0noue0holn0rgo,gdnftvebeopym2om-ensrte5fdeoaweit0g1nrbrls/,ee0veoidtkosr0hfel5tigemefn0hde0seugt0aic0mmuccisn,t,nleesdsidg-tp1x5idu/mfe0pie0kaeonds0si0grna.eli0,liedlmaov,eisint1wMenad20cdmtctil0o0lonaehru0ri0lgmeecsde0ea,aea,esnaesh2latdrdexaaai0niidgptnbnn0dihfodnel0tdesieesc,smfeosurd4erhvts4srema0ieece0aedl0trsas0eashi0opee0tlteoselyoudm,mefldf,aBiaotsumgcohrnef46e/esekdva0Clemrerge0seh3ari8xi0gnlinFoi0ptdtigeodof0y,mohn0smegbJo.es/Pfeditkc-ge5.
66-34 FUEL OIL
dkthaeerrmy2oa-mytoeesagiras,lsyts.ulidgBhieatsstewode"mroenod2te5hr0eatarenesdsupl5ltes0n0oicfmetgxh/tkergsaemfo1er3d-ubwloleatehrkyfushteeulmsd.iaetso,ptohieesdiso, saensdseslleigchtetdhefopratic
:
ssmsehtamkeeoixlyiglvixglppclnce/eedoeekihrsdfoIrsgirineutpscf)oyexeolarnaa-toprenoghrsi)ofctilr.femlaysoymeitau2nddohFlir-pfocufeoylieswanteretomleaheoerbtrrseebmfodoicooNittmeaeeehthnpitThsxviaisiecocPitfnlenfehuncusgoeeftsrseuholmlteisilJuevafsu,cpPld.teemtat-iiahho5evriTtrse.eefiwrndh8i(tdsigteA4th3uaehwr-4ermrntweii8vmioatcamie3hwncvoire)scaanai,k,tunallsthsbswemnroeoaodeiafuddnlxscs2liyubpao.e-tooltnoshcwibtetstoCeeholrsuerneohirahfgdr3lreutosihv-ooig.efofetasnholndenkil-gcaddddeaaanroidttgddnfaseeroettirmoinwihsmnnuegceaa-prrasotlreosstehneaiiudstetlosipaeesetfftchh,odeofrifrecodgeefiorahmJnsanisu-Pcnbpeasdri-ciodpdlo5fsertaltesheiibcenacnmaeytacsfggteiue9awcriseoone0oielnfnud-isenwwpk(wtaaebahsce(el3oe5ulkr0t0teshe0in
663.2 Human and Epidemiologic Studies
663.2.1 Short-term Toxicologic Effects
i, 1
icentrTalhenecrhvioeufssyssytsetmemic dreeparcteisosnionto(p17et)r. olTeuomxicohlyodgrioccaalrebfofnecs,tssuacrhe eaxspfeucetledoiltso, is resemble those of kerosene; i.e., a low oral, moderate dermal and high aspiration ; hazard (12). Provided that aspiration does not occur, the mean oral lethal dose of fkhearsosbeenene ftoorleraanteaddualntdisleessstimthaatnedonteo-hbaelf4otfoa6n oouunnccees.haHs ocwauesveedr,dtewaitche (t1h7is).amTohuisnt estimate may be low since oral LDMvalues in rats, rabbits and guinea pigs exceed 20 mlAg. Following the accidental ingestion of petroleum distillates (diesel fuel, .'."k.eprnoeusemnoen,iae,tcf.e)v,etrh,evopmriimtianrgy, saybmdopmtoimnaslinpcaliund, edipaurrlmheoan,adrryocwosminpelsisc,alteiothnasr,gcyo,ucgohn, vulsions, and dramatic reduction in blood lipid levels (3421, 3054). In fatal poisonings, death may occur within 2 to 24 hours after ingestion. The difference between cases ogrfeuant caosmaplpicinatteadndingaetsetiaosnpoaonndfutlh. e Tlehtehaclhdaroasectewrhisetirce laesspioirnatrieosnulotcincgurfsrommayasbpeiraastion is an acute and often fatal bronchopneumonia. Kerosene and related hydrocarbons are also irritating to the skin and mucous membranes. Percutaneous absorption may be significant (17).
!
dfhaaAfoannaenrigddnlmouedtrnplDeshoedieeeitarntrrinaintmnhdtpcgieaaaoaalsinannpreenm,eaaxkwxttsnpilthaeedowisndrsetinasudtdtyherw,eecesmsnhrdchotooriaooesci.biswthsudeeaelrdiRoddeioafsebwe,inttylulahanboolsBeauvhiuabllepeasrirdrheorroapaisexhd,essniivyimasltceaonarrahtsoueailaorvsleianeeertwnxdawidalaeaennlei,.dtddkehsi(pssca1ahtrdc8aerouip1xleottp5rastteooe)ulellxrbtsiwiiufwuoceehbliinrealtuoa.lcyrllet.iarinderoAegpnAp,sniotryeoshremmceftnervealpaocidentluseroimlebamswlsicoewhsu(ixpo1nitohtse8hyfac1tohlue4epplespi)aaegt.inirtguocearnhdsiyctrhiics
FUEL OIL
66-35
dglioemseelrouilli.vaSpiomrislairn naeptrhurcoktocxaibc eofvfeerctsa w10erdeayreppeorritoedd (a1s81a6r)e.sult of inhalation of
K(1e9r).oLseiqnueidanpdetproelteruomleuhmydoriolcoanrbroanbsbcitauasned lhitutlmeaonr cnoornineajusryaroenesdsiernectitalelyyeincnonoctaucotu. s
663.22 Chronic Toxicologic Effects
feuxeploLsouiilmrse.itheNdauviemnfeboreroemunsatceioopnniddiuesmctaievodal.oilgayWblsehtiucledoinemcseoresnvtianhlugavatethinesgheotfwhfeencteosfvfoeercfatlslolnosgfta-tpneedrtamrrodleeizxuepmdosure to . Loteamhxrfeoeepudroktnlesaueaoulnmtitrthgyei,fsasosnruhtaanoaatsvidnaoiedlnscdcboltaiyoenvvmeisidbnitpsyuethoaeoallbnonmstcwdleaoyresmsvriienhnptdauohavnsalfeelnoesnro,attflhcdssaoiotgihnsneecebseettorsheitsvfneueadtfhrtsiueeeyesspselgtovaeeoremnntirldees,adr.lbmars(lCa1iatyp8iaen1osnb,.7pces)uek.rHltiashnote,hiwoaprnevaev,enseeucrbllr,eteevteaoahnsfteeascodenobdnsneefluokermuvvideanbndtdeieoirynisnn.gs
csdesrnipptttnipuocaaxereomfoxtbrpetopnsobeipecuod.hcrer;iolesIiumnframtntuioTchytrcaarseithohnnfoetdapwauiiexdesnoensreitei/ndggooclomvtbenttihretvehnrteehiyeroaifeeecteyn,ipnhnhcrpdi,dsrfoaaeaarouaerlancntotuesitsollteiccoeeeplnsbnsaaaanwmhtk.srtrrioraesnoibclcx(ar-yuoiorhC3i2nlvncwlen4udeedoosfi1ngd-onesogpfg8a,mrpreusolc)tcenroent,iuonhhqovhiblsrncseurudeeiuriBsoob;mteuel(tnypqline3rncenhailcuate7tcan,oilaltne4fyyswesouise6t,nnidrtifsmem)uciefne.vonetptiatoenhclchhdhtlarhteeheaer,rdsrarteoeeirtrwnenctfhamheefogoiaitnfeynttxseauyeiida.isiaoicltscnlrdliltttioviosousHtlnfcyeegbdoaaosiayeoinrsisorwesomttbrssohaunheteoaoftevdrusshnttrseeirmtaiweinorhivsfsbtm,anaihuehsunlueaeatetoshtenlsrjce.hopiefekadrvtreseorhnahareAccltoeopyveioirlwreenoaaalgsxorlogiinbi-lanespgfneaepndoneeaabietsiinsntnthldvnusediddoeiectrdrumrhihlaeoutimscetamypeiaievotnaxlltiopeeflhlt-norecrtesfioseghepsofdeamprmsiymecaatiehdcilianatnnemirr-lflddtooeiecttoo
eges3cryexhxr2gmeppe1aasoo4ptrtssKe,tdeemorniddnmngaaig/nsvttumooecsaii3engd,jceaceeoetf,lt,onnuaarcecfdlnueme.eudned(ppolt3slrhf3dotaea7yiontaztm6iezdo2u)cinaen0ornccseanohtyssconseeted,hfadnure(urjt3srneerc.a3tisatat7petif,T6diiouro)nahaen.sn,ltestoxuarIrierndnaeyxadtnipyenatgs,orgeianssidawnecegnutgdcidtcofhsarfnayromtndmoiamodmeiprnsncttc.8trou5oa5amd0lnSfy0tttsdirog,fe(otna3ppo9lic3arf2tgi36elo4cpr0s6raosi0)ymntiu,a0otpgwtnwi/spfo,moiopnnrwra3mkdsk,ne,eie.dwrnrrpegsisrstTshlmeoihhsgwcaasvehcduetautcrralpheuebicmaeeeuoadtsetpinenoauniprtahletlyo ment in reaction time and perceptual speed in the exposed group.
wzioprpkeJerer-ems aiennt uTaflaa.icw(t3ua3rn3in8wg)itwrheoprmokaretjreosdrweaxitphporsaeuvsraielmentilocaerkoaergfoedseednrimset.raitboTushteiesonar,emfeeodrnuegcnacbteiaolgnl-raboleuabpraincwkgegrfreaocutnodry
66-36 FUEL OIL
waIoannnvadedstrhi1<ent61hc%k%eoemirwnoewte,seiretrahendneidahg-seiatymxnampdlaojpsosetpreocadzmecexeamgpstr,iaooc.s.u1u5pr%,Ien6t5hto%hadetehrexaectfidzleeermesernaaycntthoeduegmsprlaolaeusswtpiioc,itnshtsh(,one4ro%ownelxiythphaooodsbuustdreeedrfveatestoqdtiunkdageemrrdoamestreiaomntnoeas)t.eitsis,
6 63 3 Toxicology of Fuel 0 3 Components
oils aArebsruiemfmovaerrizveidewbeolfowthe(steoexiTcoalbolgey6o6-f5t)h. e major hydrocarbon components of fuel
n-Hexane
;VtrpciranhveaalrTshseniuomuhagselfleisaHtipanersrtrgsoeiietelnoxfyfsfanafterCeuco.noncasNmetNtebussSaoesm,ae1ncdasnm5av-yesn0efappa0rabncretb-teiui2ecegfrs5iteoftees0ssih,imcte0oeaebenodssnprm.vpy.opaminoramlPAacsfp.trtahttetienoiorha-dmhnnnilgai-asgcHhnahrhunlsaceyteudzoxcaxactatoniphrgoncnedeoxeco.ansisecuusyeinsmrrrAmvtraereipcileratruotamrttiottfiinitmoeegbta8snoeetse8,ssirtxot0,ohhinponcaee.pofcaaspuenldtumyrhaairerreceasrcfhtiooaotaesrlvac,nkitacsdia1n-puonl5anorimekusrmseasu.pcenicsnoradotiWnuamuacttCsehnaeesNrndem.iantlSrypevamSopietntkmefhbigfaoirrnieerntoacsissunnttcesgoeag.dhsns.,ataaIrittcet
wmmnomdcolmPtohlbbeerhiguouoenrvssoiinsdseevciecgcccetrrehelaCruuhaxovvrlelllshtpaceenasar.coddrtsssrreeheoini.umogwawndairncnnnitiuiAoeactrtgcaiphslopofeeeteekatpfesisasexvvntoh,drhpnaiapepytsbryeonsyaelyussude(rtxoiursotianpsdcearetlgocmnlleeoxfneusuvspdldaeuortlsreoyuoaeosrrtlsgomshtteietrsmhhrpneadaaeceras-koolgehe,sietftsesszaeoocyenesxmruhovmideoascpeisf.utnepmor,asfeinoibtlcmetrIyolcyfeutneyveerpelcan3ienaioanonscpelrtiofvaiyuorrnmfetleesarrtihgrtrdhasotseryemireepooecsgnacltbdnafcyrcsatiiesulaohhnsnsigessntreyiuriapsenysisn)atmclsi,e.gansnairpbbcmpgglirwTroolnieeippnarauirsefhtnagitnlihsshceepiiisdoetriaxfhcundnmdrleiaewrnosersnee6bom.vaean.etufleslhrttk.tlUov1teoinIihne0snlnpeTty1getumioitm0.mthtnroeheheoepvxmaseeTnp2ottttotroeah0almdhvemlntn0ioyirmshesotde,sfmhytpssimas.tstefhphelyiialemoTnnasimeypsnelvgtchd.ovmeetfieirmrerPnoseltobrsrcaefiit.epaloeilrvrdru9leinhaessccdn-ltlsyoaaty1eoslssa2oieitosfs,
411346,-,80d00aI00ny-oaaplnndpidmmra5aft2loss,,r0a0sn5i0gdmnp4sip9nomufmteanLsfa.t/rkecrgDo9sfeio-as1rt1hay9roegumesnniegneeurnaatdelalsuyf.ltteorTcrcahmutesr.ircoeerdaalraeLt Decxo^pncoisesnecdtirteatdtoiovansasp2ob4retmlweLvee/eklnsg
of for
ScthiptryeecsaiLhfpioocpnladeglal-yrtt,oear2mif-nthederiunxctahhenaeolynaletaiuiosrrneothteeoexxxppicceohirstiieyemdfienmtnoteastnlaeiibmvnoealrlsliastteosmfisanu2y0gag0bneeipmstpdamutlhse,aftwtoorthhdi2leie4fff2weir,re5sete-nhksceiseg.xsnasniTneohdfimsionenhetaieugbrhooeltriosmxi.
FUEL OIL ACUTE TOXICITY OFTACBOLMEP6O6-N5ENTS OF FUEL OILS
6 6 -3 7
Component n-hexane
octane dodecane isopentane isooctane methylcyclopentane methycyclohexane cyclohexane benzene
toluene
xylenes
ethyl benzene trimethylbenzenes
1-mtheathleynlneaph2-mthetahlyenIneaph-
Oral LD
DLDersomal
LC*
22((118499,-743319570))mmLg//kkgg
[rat] [rat]
no data
3(1349,03h05r0) [praptm] "
<------------------------------ ----- no data----------------- --------- >
<-....................................... -----no data--------------------------->
no data
no data
[1m00o0usme]g/(L12)
< ........................................ ----- no data--------------------------->
< ---- ------------------------------- no data--------------------------->
2250 mg/kg [rat] (47)
no data no data
2(199,83250) mg/kg [rat]
no data no data
34870000 mmgg//kkgg [[rmaot]us(5e]9)(47) no data
(14077,0)h0r0 [praptm]
5000 mg/kg [rat] (47)
[1r2a,b1b2i4t]m(4g7/k)g 5(43872)0hrp[pmmouse]
4(4370)0 mg/kg.[rat]
no data
5(40470)0hrp[prmat]
3(54070) mg/kg [rat]
5[r0a0b0bimt]g(/5k9g) no data
no data
no data
(1-4847)mhrg/[mra(t3])
(14874)0 mg/kg [rat]
no data
no data
(14673)0 mg/kg [rat]
no data
no data
66-38 FUEL OIL cwtfctNaoihaopohorarnpnimcttclsciaihnaicliniitaonnniihtgsoiiinacenotanlgnhn.eleiedc3usoNi5britf1g.yo-o25nht0n%0osie.ne5xxwpiammncmpen,-mraaLhepenre/rrdifxssoewoaaewdryneneonree5mcfei.oetcdihrlfnalaDoesuauy.ruotspsneescsNddfaatoogroiuan(ce1nxi1sn2modw0t,uonaadgdaa1sneanil9e.ny13sssiiw0cnCgo,cce/onhakrl1rluregi9monas/3tdensge5uadeir)ctdyaa.arntgtfneodooedugprnnemmiicne6cbaysii4tcsleey,.lrd,ianiaprorOyrpefdsipnl.teciarecghtoaeIirdiotnnnoinuoemrcvrnataaoiibvnvtosboidoefoimtnssatstco,euaixsndtobaiocylbpcvitehieiyrcninracotaklrrsa.ts Octane -; aphsaeprpiatrlaBayntsyeiesdtbhaiuenntdtooirtaatsldhpoehreoylsxuuitnnaeg.o,sto,TceihtxtahemnibenaiaytmrctcahaoyeutisbcCeepNromaStpoeienrdfecfydetceootaxsftihcosectdehtaunanenwetiiotitsshclaaohprwedpxeiraarocnxbeiamoromraretosehltlo,yegpruttehaesapnst.ier.oaIftfority is skin Icnonhtuamct.ans, the only reported effects are blistering and burning due to prolonged -^-r.4mecefasifmupnesciuireInttsanseu.tstnoaearonsMyrifcmoiorecfaaxselitepssexe,.o,pxsopfouIcosotrtlusealioersndweteoe.extdi5ospE3ebaxv5cypa0tmpeoddposueurpcatrmohtlehueavst(tweo1msl2iset1,ehv42omei6,nfr8,b1e43r2902a4e3,nx08phep0)p.oo0miusrurrpisfrpto.eamrniNtn1.s8ouh5fAfunemtmarrehiacndinogusshrtiesewssciwpolclinaarcspauetrssonoeertddeyrunaacatieraodrfnetteehcssr,treeia4astf8astemedre Dodecane -,>dat(tf1uaradec2mymat,otoioDern1rfd9iioogs3gdtwef7eeenr)si1ct.eteh0aasd.intsibepoDebneniyroszcpdbounre(etoocaantda)nzpunheoyceoi(egraudhea)snplnlyyteydu,rtmfoepconxohhrierrec.s2y.n2syienIlTnwtdheooedfedeeofkescrlpcsro.arebwinaeneseDngsetz.doaodpt(otNepbhxcl)oieiatcerndeaidepfdfothdeoisseicpetntiiaiocyfvnaolpeelralonlyttmeheitnrniooceftnoesitahrhtmtiosoehlrade1pt1iosrdoeofongvgs/sekeekinsngintbyaewyveohanafeitlnhraabtlse Isopentane ,phtis1rakp0ersia0minttd0eaIartasomiecnopfshggppue/geelL,ttanaoilsnrto(oasg1tslnhsi2tnieeo)noe. isfhsikaraainravnpidetpCaaeitnnNnitoodiStneeexe,dfatyfrenneeepdsacmr.utedsesoeeRsarncaem,anphsctaee.uotsaimn,ttEifesaludo.fnsfsseisoo.Tcrntohs,"fpeVimrcnLeooaarlnQbyoysinclihignitioieygcnudhluts"tondshkveeediasnsoepm.xocfhoroiiIunnlncasetoheranawacitcltsoiaeortwnenkisoti,,tlrnliadamdtioizaprofzytenieurnsdaspenisastdsttro,eoednb5etef0a0t
FUEL OIL
66-39
Iso-octane f2.2.4-trimethvlDentanel rlfinuoanrbmmgbsiTiatcstohe,iofeiansrni,oasd-totosh-,5corttcoamhtmnaeineybneouwpsstrieisloasldraeceunaxcdmupesdoofesidbuheprrerouemasltimtoseo.rloyrn1hIat0naor0ghxy0eaic,llpeaesbptdiiymooennmtshw.aoea,fWsoi1rnhh6atiee,lg0nrhr0slot0iyinutijptiaereplcr.mittpeaIdntcfieaniuaungsmstpre(oiad1rnm9air3ttueei7ssds)c,p.uiianrlabatrsotlcoyertsyhisneatorrest' Methvlcvclopentane dcWMryeefcephlltereohxenMpyseelsseacan,lypnhtncpatyla.nlolirceepcydHeocansulltoitsomsaopnaeageennnuxdtsihwanicnedobaaeueintalsdrpttheinogsboledeesmreksemabainxtfloepee, nstecy1scyct0trcmye-al1cdoat5lpirontgpepoginenptnhmtahbtana.aeventteweInpnteirhoneomensdiaisutcstfaceehme,ttedyoe3xo8mdiencrfiapsfyterypengt.cmeitnsoCsfc(ye1aacnx2unlia)ossd.rtpecsses.olnsilgiotMsahsnstaeentoebdrfiysyldt-aheeaCmthNa. .S; Methylcyclohexane high Nvaopsoyrstceomniccenptoriastoinoninsgsit bcyaumseesthnyalcryccolsoisheinxaanneimhaavlseabnedenit risepeoxrpteedcteind mthaant. itAt 1 wepctl1ahxor5ocenpi,rum2voill2mudsai7vetlaesedptirsiorpotnoaaonpdsnnm,udd2as.c8naek18ldii2D0dvt0hraenp0aeatepipytopmshisndpa.,mmwfnloIaeaanrisbrnecoappforrfrrsetaeieiodmbcsct.tbeaabidltitrnTeseeo.sdha,hfRetulhbr9eameyi0tbnhabcwghanoioletsnasur.cnjeruoddsnTni,ndcdchobetieniaunvsrottianrrgtlshoanlse-tcisugeiaoorfh.onfnvtefgiscvecitenesctlatlli7oueuo0xvsnl-aiee,cmrdladitiinymsinosujanuputbecnrsoiyoenuuawos,trfaass3sbeee0xvbco0peribtreospsetsepiuormrvnee,dintoin wstuigebneukilfIaincrfaocnrdhti2rlaottonyixoeiciancr,isnepfhpafaerplcoialtdltauiforocyneudnhsdtynupodweiraetpussl,mareseoixnarpasoalisnncudhrraemanttesgo,deusm2l0liianc0re0y,mphampaleimmner,srat6eatsrl.ishzoaoTutrirhosdenos.pegesri.ndcTaluyhd,ee5dodnraleyynsalper ulcerDateiromna(l12a,pp4l6i,ca5t4io, n17o,f1t9h3e6)l.iquid produced local irritation, thickening and Cyclohexane vlarmtioearvosesep6crrueie.,Cr0xlakapcytgriiocod/tlktrednoeygmaehn.ymefteaxnaaWitatlghnu,neadiretlnheoab.isinsntrshdaTaaio1ncthf.C.5oecelNlahqAaauSuopnsuiseloedriesdnbes.tprehbit-reuhhDyesmeoiseahsu,gaaerewnnsxntitavhumenaiporcapeaohf.losrtrliiovseTaweexnhxihdnleptiedoboscouxiisotoricuemcanerdildtsaey.Ls.witesDoveRSwreL2ayereo6rmea,es7kipeldny5eti,2oaanrmnrdaprdiebshnpabemootiathftfh,scebarwarrecuahiisudensuetfeegalesdterdsptseu,rrxdrefalparuaupootdeniimdsogutn,or5eb.5ut
66-40 FUEL OIL cnaaurcsionsgisnaanrdcotsriesmvoarrya.fnrdomwa1s4,l6et0h0altoto12a2ll,0e0x0popspemd.rabbits. In mice, concentrations (a>n1d8cC0a.yu2cslegod/hkegtxh)aentoederiasatbhnboiomtfsiknaialnlllayrneaismbuslatolesrd.beidn tmhricoruogshcotphice cshkainngaeltshionugthhemliavsesrivaenadpkpildicnaetyiosns . aempxlpmipmcoroTossftesohcdrceoopttdmohicaepvnclagsehpaetarmeonlryoeglfeeepsvcleihewrmlriseoionrdnoea.iftcse4edp3eo4nfirsopoinmpnmitnth,ghe6eilsibhvrooeedurlyraas.tnivddNealioyklyidstlofnioxgerihycst5c0bwhehaecxneapnguoestssehuwertheeesirsx,epbcsoouesmteunsproeomiunwneardsabitsboit7s86 doreefpt3ao0irIl0stnedopmfpatmthnha,itissnciosnyoctsmelyorsehatwecemtxhiaoaicnnteiparomrriiestaaoyatnvinpiangoigltastebonbltetyiha(cet1ey2ec,tylhoe1ehs7e,txao4nax6dni,cem5eh4fu,afcevo1ceu9ts3sb7eom)e.fneTmrOberpCaoPnretbesd.u.t IAntohvaaasdpdobrietielonenvaell Benzene ',,nreeprovroTtushsehsapyvsrteimemeasrty(a5be4lfi)fs.ehceBtdseonazfrebenleaentiziosenncseahriipcninhboaegltaewtnieoiecnnianbnebdnozitnhegneaesnteiimoxnpaolsasuraernedonamntdahnel.ecueSkneetvmreairlaa.l For mProorgeraimnfoTrmoxaitcioolno,gyreGfeuridtoe.the chapter on benzene in the Installation Restoration Toluene the cThoalputeenreonis taolCuNenSedineptrheessaInnsttawliltahtioanloRwesttooxriactiitoyn. PFroorgrmamoreTionxfiocromloagtyionG,uridefee.r to Xylenes searrGiavenoufnidnedigdr.eisAennkt.cgBcionueofttrte(hoho4efme6txc)ch.aph2eroa5cTsp0liuinhtqertoeuoregidNeot1nona0aitc0nhixi0odtiygynlmhtaehonlgecfe/ToksmvngoaicxinpxbeiceoyntdorthlgroexaaagyrtvIyielaonegnnsPiertserarsofilotlogaaifrrnttaiixn2omeyngilytehretRnoeaeeecrresstvthnmoa(etpr1liyca9oeet3ryris9eooes)nprm.,oramPraFytrtueooscdcrgaogruutmiavhssmeoaenmrtCTetedohNmianxeSibirflcyoerodradlmewnopoegaasrsysteeisosnno, Ethyl Benzene ttroatchtEethSchyylastpbetmeenriczoeannbeseotishrpyptlrioibmneancrzaieluynseeasninCirNtrhiSteandItnespttoraeltslahstieoionsnk(iRn4,6e)se.tyoerFsaotarinodmn ouPrpreopgienrrafomrremsTpaiortxiaoitcnoor,lyorgefyer Guide.
FUEL OIL
66-41
Trimethvlbenzenes The trimethylbenzenes occur in 3 isomeric forms. The 1,3,5-isomer (mesitylene)
saca1eedn,3endv,nte5rrt-aihisnsteeioomemn1fe,sfi2cre,e(.c45t-Res0isx0aoop0tmrso-9sefee0arxd0tpa(0poltiosspteiepe8dusm1.d3t)oo0cc-u19am7u104see00neCpp)ppNmamSreodofelfepaxtrhniecesoissl1iooo,mg2ni,ce4ira-niilcslyoammnsiiiemmxrtaiulolarsrre. .8fL1oH3ro0isg1sh0po-p2vfm1arpedoofafrleytxscheohesnawdanso wFTpnorheirimluetTmehttheohhenye1ilft,baf2iaset,at3naal-zlitesinodntmhtoeresealeripsq,ieoutrafeiidnttoohoinfserecaaao1lln,p3Ldtr,a5oDimc-sLtiesa.ooromyfoesftkrh5ineb0y0i1r0t,r2him,te4ag-nsi/satk.omgmeDhearersopfuoobtsreeiettinihosenr1eg.ip5un-oit2nrotegeat/dhkepgiinglfuotnirhsgets1h.rc7eaa8tur.8asteg.s/kg, ctahonenxtiebaTtilynoh,oiendago.stnh3lV0my%aarpteiopocrofbrctrtohonoencfce1hhn,i3utt,rim5sa,-atisihnooynmpesxoepcrrhaoanrsnuogdmreedi5cd0fre%aosnmceromibf1ie0atdh-6aes0ny1dmp,2pcp,mh4toa-.imnsogsEmexsoepfrionns(eu2trrh,1vee2ow)uc.osanasegstuosl,aabteilmnitsiyixotonufr, e Methylnaphthalene rbaanetden(4pT7rhhe)oe.ptooorsnetlenydsiatfdiozvraetr1ios-emn ee(ft1fhe7yc)l.tnsaOpohfratmhl aeLltehDnyWelnvaanapldhute2hs-amoleefnthe18yr4lne0papmorhgtte/hkdaglienannemd, ar1ne6s3ap0reecmtsigvk/eiknlyg,irhirnaivtatehtieon Naphthalene dlainesidsdsooivrtcIoiiidneanugctetaaeadtslsattiirwoowannicitt.hthofrnIoatarnpmpirsehoanitltrohzironyaintmglaeetneidinnedgihenexufthiopmcaoilaetashnnutiescroyens(,k1(o7bi5n)uf4.t)an.Hnathdepimhsetoyehlefayfslteeicacntneadinspeprsmroeoedilanuocnipesgsretedhndeaovumamspienooasar,tnvetsolxeympveoiinrtsiuenrgeefafhenacdst RestoFroartimonorTeoixnifcoorlmogaytioGnu,idreef.er to the chapter on naphthalene in the Installation Anthracene craesrpcioAnnonsgteehsnri(ac2ca3el1nly5e)i.ansasTcethritveselpo(h1w2oe)ts,ottotVoxxaicirciaoonurdsalmpdhuootsatoegaeilnnleicrtightiyec srataucttdiiiosens20ohnagv/tekhgepr(h4ou7dm)u.caend snkeing.atiIvteis
66-42 FUEL OIL 663.4 Toxicology of Fuel Oil Additives The toxicity of selected fuel oil additives is outlined below. Manganese Compounds eafiapfekmrexnnfnhewtcdepoeaqerruwsusgmhMelsenyse1inoew)vaa-,snt2aedni,lsttyr,ghhysmeameasaspn.avlnetrailriendveosnssItausggeanstiaeramliixelotansiscppnlfiahseofsao,liaemenvisclmrpsufelteyuuswrudmaacseshiintlpocntghidthlcntaaoeeohoitptmiuwamC.oeingssnerNahdassInsiSon,knisegm.nndcouamaleoimpnullIsuaaihnedstenrbsy,otegeolrctemacxhioaoahniesuvcx.aiePaiassinssdmcdatiIgiloraeoeaneksncwnr.hi,reanaiietodiglsTs,hmtcoivthdhcanaapnoiuitsintasuiseytrocimhug,sreinseherd.tamndorfreiliosoyatUomhtlsgalsemtaoo(iglualcnywraeoradsysielsion,lsnydyodfgmtot,hetbtmhhfpvheyueeteaesnrolptnasocmrcunagopehtrpasnnrie,inpeantgocinretftntsohotrhtemvielerclereemaarxxocfnboopteocdl(rnrdceue2emluriry,ma4risets6eiaent)i.ciesess 'athr2o4a-I4tn,8haahnloadutirhoneialldonafecshhsiegchh(a4cr6oa)n.ccteernitzreadtiobnyschoifllsm, afnevgearn,esaechoixnigdemcuasuclseess, mdreytaml ofuutmheafnedver 'Magnesium Oxide fumeMfaevgenreswiuhmichoxisidae 2fu4m-4e8s haorueririnriftlauteinngzat-otytphee iellyneesssan(4d6)n.ose. It also causes metal Aluminum Oxide laonwd enAxalpusaomlsuipnrauesmslaegvoeexslisd.oerEismxaacyenscsuiaivsueasneccomenicdledunstitnrajwuthrioyicnhtsohmtahasyelicstkatliuenseaadndvdeeprmosesuitcesofufiensctmthoeenmebtyhreaesn,leuesanrg(s4s6a).t Peroxides or eyIen dgaemneargael, (p2e0r0o)x. ides are strong oxidizing agents capable of skin irritation, bums ; Alkvl Nitrate and Nitrites/Nitro and Nitroso Compounds mainMtoexthicemefofegclotboinfenmitiraite(aanlodssnoitfrattheeinoxgyesgteinonc.arrying capacity of the blood), is the cdyizaznionEseaissrs.l,y iWsnycmiothoprtidonimcnrasetaiinosnicnl,ugjdomeinehttehpaeadmianocghaleno,dbfianmtiucgsoucneuc,leannratrutraseetmiao,onrvss,omt(h2i0teir0ne,g,4m8ca0hy)e.sbtepwaienakannedss,
FUEL OIL
66-43
scSdyipinpsetohecgemVifenianscyrilciiainonmuaflocsiantrbiNemvoi-ra-tnaytmiittoodranreoyycsorobaneenadi2semferosniauvlin(ast1r.dtoi2vs)Gie.onseEconhxoteahpmrveaoeprlslouycsur,aeenucadtsstiesoodtn-htsehmNeoa-msnfleioigttlchnreooeacmsnuoGtlpdeuotiumiuidnmneecdto.rhsreysaslsahienmosuviinlanderisboaizuenesd,aovcNroag-irndaientdr.oso-
6 63 3 Levels of Concern
time-Twheerigehaterde-anvoercarigteereiaxpoorsustraendliamridtsfoforrpfeuterloloeiulsm. dOisStHillAate(s35(n3a9p) hhtahsa)seatt a4n008-phpomu.r1
663.6 Hazard Assessment
anaaatnnneddoddp/oosfFlsekaruemsinscemoaloscploefaaiorli2Bsnfc5it6tcn0iChnooegna3gnFtessadn,ktiusnimn5d,0(iis2ce0etes2vh.1meu(9r1sgaO)8/.lpk1trhgp9Aoeo)vr.rlieyfdsciuNniuynevlcTlgtelsiPoscetiiqiln(aguPbraiio4ntlveom4conr)rcasdeathailhwcasaeesavhdvsdeyideidhnoteriebcgnorihsccdmeleayerrinvnfbaoeceocderdntsiscvitoanhewrcfachritsnieinqcamouhbsgeaaodeamrtnhirnoeiinceuciccestdailydlicrueeecilnsnilaenlcrlomegsfaaueslonseealfsys nasPkse4sig7naa)y.ttiuavmnPedoorsreaistsiurvilnaettsmmbinoiucntebaeogetemxhnpaiotrchsreofeidwnAdtsmiotnugeddssiyeawsfneeodlrrefmufuoeobelu,lsseNoerivolle.yndm2upmifnuhboeaelmnroa2Ailsam(,s1sea9asn1yd4tbe)j.suett,tDpafiuoemsesiletoilJuvPesfeu-8relely(smPgua4lptv5she,oinma tinhhearlaattiobnonaet mlevaerlrsowupastsoay40(819p1p4m). sAuggreepstreodduncotivaedvsetursdeyewffiethctsra(t1s9e1x5p)o. sed by
otope>nA2s0courgte/eksgtionfxoitrchereafgftseecn(ti1st9ao2l f4a)ri.negaeostfedexfpuoesledoilrsatisn.cluTdheedoarlaolpLecDiaM, vdaerlumeasl riarnrigteadtiofnroamnd5.1
3alit2va8exr1iDa)f.,oellrelFmotuhwaeaillrngsgotyiul,dsdohiaseeersmseionoarlrfrshoafaubgmebilicitnsogiimliasnsadtrlrilacyonaegttneoitndegmrsiotefirvdso,eemrraeant2ded.l5eynrmteiocrarrli1ot0saiirtsimrniatgLan/tdtkioogndr,e(a1gwb9ebe2nii4etg,rheat3yt1eilo9son4s(s,1,o39fa12n9t4oh5)r.e,exia,
Short-term inhalation exposure to diesel fuel and kerosene resulted in neuro dSeupbrcehsrsoionnicainndhadlaetciroenaseexdpopsuulrmeo(n9a0rydafuysn)cttioonmianrirnaetsdaiensdelmfuiceel ((2a3t3c4o,n3c1en48tr,a3ti1o0n1s).of 2r0m7e5.50al00a5rtiomenadrengd/5dnm0ie0e03p.s3haemnrlmdogfp/ugkJa/egPLtlh-)f8ayonaraindnt2dJcmyPkoea-ena5rlcreoespsnrre(aton3rtdsea4-ut8d(ic33oee)0nr.d8siv6coe,hdfr30o4je.n15ti8c,faudn3ede4lr1sm16(.)a0J.tPimt-Ci5sgh/aiLrnto)ncBhioc6anCscd3eernFremts,ruaamltlteiicoedexnpsienoxospdufoor1ssee5ed-0toatond
oeiuthnecIrenshhhaousrmtb-aetneersn,mCfa(Nt1aS7l)(d1oe7rp)r.loesnAsgic-otcneirdmiesnttehaxelpiocnshguieersfetiso(y3ns3te7om6f,ipc3e3rt6reoa6lc)e.tuiomInngdteoissttfiiulolenalteoosiflsclaefnsoslpltorhwoadinnugc1e/2
66-44 FUEL OIL che(3rhuy4emt2mha1ein)cm.sala(D,1pe8anr1nem4du,ma1el8co1azn5nei,mtd1is8ai1ntuo6hpu)ao.slnaltCeiaoshsinprooinernsaxitpc(ioo3dns3eu,3rr8nme)es.autlor^eodxdipeeopsserulersfseuioemnl a,hyaanvadelsoignardseutsrcuoelidtntinnesetpdinherarmlopadatiistthtirsye,sisn
66.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS ' ooapanifolrdniehnepeDainrtvviteeeaestsnleeabrncttmeotthearnienitntbiavacuimetodtieneoifdnnsnietatiltittodfoiuiofeesnfdtnauhmtedaeslusptoeplhteirhlet;eoemashneswfdonoeweclllvlaeoeaetwvbhsoeo,eifnrrrw,gafinuti:tloghelrl.evyoarDriaelynsliaaewitlniyivmtsehsiasojcitofloiormnarccneeotdhnamentwrpdsaaopttdneieoiercsnnitrfsatiencqoccaufmetietrafhgejroseoorrmccioceooslntlhmesitecnittisufoiuetneneltosf,
bbnpnroa-eaanlpylnzhkncetauhhnnceaeeldleseaananreldksaaranolekmsyaltbiecnhzyendreoscarbons fcswxcdprapatoohheynrirrisqxrortiliauonehboohumlnrlycmmelAifieoesraiptdiaaesttrlsoaii,etctqceooltw,oceauxhggmoacticniterrhtndonraahaabyam-dsnlsppoliyliceindhhupsqtpptbaiieyythuosoaotre/.;neiinlrmcandoynaeostzncTanitooneyeoibsltrohxccnniossedetnleessfirnscioaanpsvct(fancnarpoaeaantiaamtcrprrrcedhtltiioiadyioporlsemotlznoorulainweeommfasarsdt,iniypteoteceilwihhctbodscmrGtsolyohhyutapueltChaynumhGetl(eldhdcmaGennCoairotnfnorpbCdieecaacopes,/GlarngrMrucerahae(oCaob1sGxlaSpptymo/4tve)rMCcrzrn2esiihpeaam,t/2SdrMoceftb)woretacn.eebaamrShieedsticynnnlAhnoatyatitiwltGeqonlsvooyaconiuegCrhstdrinasehinrgndslswtaa)oiuriqptfqnirem(sruotuhusiiiihe.ncsfaGcyoeeloeghyts.tdCiu,(.lohnooGblt/itieMrilfrqennA,CdoiuaatcSitqiu)hilVlhtr.d.uiesuueiplaeo.ftore,hnlisdlsSeruoooudaba.oanuolmttmeitmrisodgrncoTiepai,npzsfeischlladletme1uiochemnen.loasaoneuegerrpxnn,tmbelitaeoeftmtronnyhsoanuadalcuntysnthi,eeneene)gde,
ehfi(innu3xa4teswrpl4aae9aAsctlt)htrse..ooodrwlyeIbSinenuneoadmcelmtilnhdugicedocropeoelnphdapituatnoatsrrrfieegerntraceeienodrcxeavgatdne(sr3sdreaasi0cepma5ttsrei8.opac0)nptl..e5rOsopcWtpparhhprhoeaatbcorrvtetieeddodmrmgueaeestrleeastsethcomrftofyoipobdorrlesn(eeIpstRtnrhlhise)meapdltiiiemdkt(shee3icwtandr5evaai6rberswm0ye)ibrditensheepae(ap3olntnoai7rdowrt1unea2sdtc)efoi.oodoffunnorctfroiueoenaefraltnrh1toraayiaLtldlyinrozisosnnefacosmawrfruomapbeftloleeItnrhRosiel wcrhaotauhrleaAdrclttnteehroreitnstabqitcueisvaten(hlity.eie,t.a,mtthiciveeoeams"duomeirlteoemanrnmesdnoitnlguarobetfiaiolsainteny"oaicfnbosgntorrtloieucunthpetlsocqraouonfatrncbitofeilmtuymoprooeofaneseatuhnrsatepsndeew.c)i.iftTihcThsichisomemdi"leapotreoilrnpmaehnniydnts,aictbaioulnt
FUEL OIL
66-45
gtarrbieofalvuseeo"rfoocerotnhataqenuneetoaiusnsddaemnfidenaessdouirlaessdaamgnrpyalvemism,ateetrriiaclalrlye;coevxetrraedctifornommeetxhtroadcstiaorne wthitohsetrdicehslcorriob-ed
ncoomn-paAoqnudeeenotteuscstiissoanemxplpimleecsitt.edfortofubeel ionilsthwearsannogte doeftefrigm/Linefodr; athqeuedoeutsecstaiomnplleims iatnfdorfisgp/gecfifoirc
66_5 REFERENCES
Nthoetye:apTpheearnoinnstehqeuemnatisatelrnbuimblbioegrsraopfhyt.he references reflect the order of references as
2. ADmoceurmicaenntaCtioonnfeorefntchee oTfhGreosvheorlndmLeinmtaitl VInadluuestsr,ia4lthHeydg.ieCniisntcsin(nAaCtiG, OIHh)io.1980.
8. BBuretttherrwicokr,thLs.. 1979. Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards, 2nd ed. London:
10. v
WpJPCHeolaoanallllnnslutah,nithniaiBnangngn.gstR,t,so,a.PM;nnV.,;d.oGADlSDo..;tCuauI.lnr:dSadfl,neaimeUdrC,da..SI,skRI..,.1.LE9M.7Rn;9.vWe,ipWrW.oo;rhnatimtGtemNeranoo-brt.reaeelEll,,aPPtFNeAr.d.CWo-4t.e;e.4n;c0vtM/ii4Mor-ano7aen9ysAmt,-r0geIi2e,n.P9ntB.aca;.yl;a,fFnaOMdotwefaf-lib0oec2erfe9y,b,1oJ2,fW.9RW..pR;ar.i;toerrity
12. STCoolanxysict,ooInlno,cg.Gy,.D3.r;dCrleavy.toend,., FV.Eol.,. e2dAs,. 21B98, 1T. oPxaicttoylo'sgyIn. dNuestwriaYloHrky:giJeonhenaWndiley and
17. TGWooixlskiscienolislno,CgyoR.o.Ef.;CSommmithe,rcRia.Pl .;PrHododucgtes,, H5t.hC.;edB. rBadaldtoimcko,reJ:.ET. h1e98W4.illCialimniscaalnd
19. GC.raTnht,omWa.sMP. u1b9l7is4h.erT.oxicology of the Eye, 2nd ed. Springfield, Illinois: Charles
23. YHoarwkl:eyV, aGn.GN.o,setrda.n1d9.81. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 10th ed. New
29. L(1A6e,voa,1i9Ala8b3, )le,19pf8rr3oe,mpaLrToegedchPbnyaicntahdlepDMaaretaadmbcahetseeemrSdPearrtvoaijbceeacsst,e,,IPnIocsm.s,uoNeneNawoC.Yo2ol4lrekg(,de,aNtC.eYdla.)rD.emecoenmt,bCerA
66-46 FUEL OIL 31. CLyhmemanic,aWl PJr.;opeRretyehEl,stWim.Fat.;ionRMoseenthboladtst., DN.eHw., Yedorsk.,:19M82c,GHraawnd-HbiollokBooofk Co. 34. Mackay, D. 1979. Finding fugacity feasible. Environ. Sci. Technol. 13:1218-1223. 35. M15a:1ck0a0y6,-1D01.;4.Patterson, S. 1981. Calculating fugacity. Environ. Sci. Technol. 36. M16a:c6k5a4yA,-6D6.0;AP.atterson, S. 1982. Fugacity revisited. Environ. Sci. Technol. 46. PPhroilcatdoerl,pNhi.aH:.;LHipupginhceost,tJC.Po.m1p9a7n8y. .Chemical Hazards of the Workplace. 47. ANRevagatiiioslatnrbaylleoItnfhsTrtoiotuxugitche EothfffeeOcNctscautoipofantCaiohlneLamilbicrSaaalrfyeStouyfbasMntadendcHeicesian(leRth'sT(MENCEISOD)SLHDAa)R.taSbassyeste1m98,4. 51. VSaaxn, NN.oIs.tr1a9n8d4. RDeainnhgeorldouCsoP.roperties of Industrial Materials,-6th ed. New York: 54. Sittig, M. 1981. Handbook of Toxic and Haozardous Chemicals. Park Ridge,
New Jersey: Noyes Publications. 59. TLPieobexrriacroRyleoovgfiyeMwDaeCdtaoicmBinmaeni'stkteMe(T.EDDBL)ADRaStasbyastseem1,9N84a.tiAonvaalilaLbibleratrhyrooufgMh ethdeiciNnea,tioTnDaBl 60. MUU..1SS6..4CC65oo.aa1ss2tt GGCuuOaaMrrddD. 1I(N9A7Sv8Ta.i.lCaWbHlaResIhUSiSnHgGtaoz.nPa,r.OdDo..,CuSs.:tCoDchkeepmNairoct.aml0eD5n0at-t0oa1f2RT-0er0pa1on4rs7tp-oN2r)ot.a.tion, 74. cMhaecmkiacya,lsDo;f eSnhviuir,oWnm.Yen.,ta1l98in1t,eAresctr.itiJc.alPhryevs.ieCwhoemf .HRenerf.y'sDalatwa 1co0n:1s1ta7n5t-s11f9o9r. 171. IoMHnnutoemntrhoanegnarstEai.opvVnahaolsull.aoAtn1igo9etn.hnGecoyefEnftveohavrelauR:CaeWtaisroeocnairnrlodcohfgHetonhenieaclCtCRhaainsrOkccriengoroaf(gn1CeiAznhaiRectmiCoRni)c.i.askl1s9o7tf9o.CMWhaeonmr.kicIinaAlgsRGCtoroup 200. BFionsktoenl,:AJ.oJh.,nedW. r1ig9h8t3.. Hamilton and Hardy's Industrial Toxicology, 4th ed. 298. Air contaminants. 29CFR1910.1000 305. Subchapter C - Hazardous materials regulations. 49CFR171-177
FUEL OIL
6 6 -4 7
309. Constituents prohibited as other than trace contaminants. 40CFR227.6 351. Toxic pollutants. 40CFR401.15 355. Federal Register 1980. Water quality criteria documents; availability. 45:79318. 480. WONirotgrraaldnteizsHa, teNiaoilnttrh.iteOsrgaanndizNat-inointro(sWoHcoOm)p1o9u7n8d,sE. nGveirnoenvma:enWtaolrlHdeHaletahltChriteria 5. 504. NQautiinocnya,lMFiAre NPFroPtAectRioenpoArstso4c9i-a1t9io7n5. 1975. Hazardous chemical data. NFPA 505. RNeaaticotnioanlsF. iQreuiPnrcoyt,eMctiAon: NAFssPoAci,aPtiuonb,lic1a9t7io5n. MNaon. u4a9l1oMf-1H9a7z5a.rdous Chemical 506. NGaatsieosn,aSloFliidrse. PQruoitneccyt,ioMn AA:ssNocFiaPtAionPu1b97li7c.atPiornopNerot.ie3s2o5Mf F-1la9m77m. able Liquids, 507. mMaanteurfiaacltuSraefrest.y Data Sheets and other safety-related data from chemical 511. 0EAH7na6mvt,aireyPotaBhnmom8ad0e,-n2fHot2ar.1Kl0d.R0;e5teC.esrehmaernicn,hinJJgL.a;tbhdoeerVactoeomrrayp,,aEtCi.biRnil.ci;tinySntoaeftpi,hhaeOnzHasr,.dRoE.uDsP.;AwSaRstrteeopsm.o,rMtDu6.nL0i.0c,/i2p1-a98l800-. 513. SVaaxn, NN.oIs.,treadn.dDRaneignehrooluds CPormoppearntiye.sBoifmIonndtuhsltyriPalubMliacatetrioianl.s Report New York: 514; UW.aSsh, iCngotaosnt, GDu.Car.d: .U1.S97.6C. oCahstemGicuaalrsd,daPtuabGlicuaitdioenfoNroB. uClkG-S3h8i8p.ment By Water. 535. Council of European Communities Directive on the Discharge of Dangerous
Substances. 4 May 1976. (76/464/EEC-OJ L129, 18 May 1976). 536. C19o7u8n.c(il76o/f65E9u/EroEpCe-aOnJCLo2m2m2,un14itiAesugDuisrtec1ti9v7e8)o.n Fishing Water Quality. 18 July 537. SChoeulnlfcisilhoWf Eatuerros.pe3a0nOCctoombmerun1i9t7ie9s. D(7i9r/e9c2t3iv/Ee EoCn-OthJe LQ2u8a1l,ity10RNeqouviermedbeorf-1979).
66-48 FUEL OIL
538. 1C9o7u9n. c(i8l0o/6f8E/EuEroCp-eOaJn LC2o0m, m26unJiatnieusarDyir1e9c8ti0v)e. on Groundwater. 17 December
542. 2C0ouMncairlchof1E97u8r.opean Communities Directive on Toxic and Dangerous Waste.
- 573. fcFrirtoeomdngpiinar,o1lNo7.1n;)g.Sedpininnhaazzlaotliao,nAo.;f Baiurcbaorrenllei,PAVC19d7u4s.t.][EMxpeedr.imLeanvt.a6l5l:u3n2g1-d3a4m2.a(gAes
? 652. VMaelauness ewtearle. e(6st1im1)awtehdicbhyuAsersthIuCr,Da.s Lthitetleb,asIinsc.ofuseisntgimtahteioenq.uation given by
787. -
LAM7OC5auoca/butg4roenu0cblh9csleiti/nlEr1g19oE197fCo69077fE,;;9uD71,ar41a8so/n31pJag/4ue4me4al6yr/ne7oEn1/uEECd9sCe7EodS5mC,;ub2,mb79ys26ut9/6nMa99ni0Jta/ciu78reel/1cssyEh/.EED12E1C9i7r98C,e73Jc,13)ut;.01inv97eDe3M/e1o1c9na4e6r6m7cC/.hEbla(Ee61srCs79i6/,f15i99c24;7a586t7/i;E0Jo/unE71n,98C/eP98/a3-1Ec19OEk/7EaCJ3gE;,iLCn11g,4961a5,nd16
$,:'tt- 982. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 1976. Quality Criteria for Water. Washington D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
1422. AExmaemriicnaantioPnubolficWHaetaerlthanAdssWocaisatteiwonate(Ar P16RtAh )ed1.98W5.asShtianngdtaornd, DM.Cet.h:oAdsPHfoAr the
1793. 3P7r3opFoisnaall.fo4rJaulCyo1u9n8c5i.l Directive on the Dumping of Waste at Sea. Com (85)
1811. Svoma, J.; Houzim, V. 1984. Protection of groundwater from oil pollution in the vicinity of airports. Environ. Geol. Water Sci. 6:21-30.
,1814. eCxrpisops,uAreJ.t;oBdhieaslleal, oAilK. B.;r.HMofefdb.raJn.d2,:1B7.7I. 1979. Acute tubular necrosis after
1815. AB13ac7ru:rt1iee2n1rt7eonsa,lAfa;ilOurretuanfote,rMu.sTe.;oMf dorieasleels,fuJ.eMl .a;sTsehlalom, pFo.oM..;ArRcohd.icIniot,erJn.L. .M1e9d7.7.
i 1816. nReepidhernobtoexrign,s.MA.Mm..;JP. oMweedrs.,SDci..V2.;47S:e2v5y-,29R..W(A.s 1c9i6te4d. Aincu1t8e14r)enal failure due to
1817. Divine, B.J.; Barron, V.; Kaplan, S.D. 1985. Texaco mortality study. 1. Mortality 2a7m:4o4n5g-4r4e7fi.nery, petrochemical and research workers. J. Occup. Med.
FUEL OIL
66-49
1818. o4D4fi:eh1t8zig,1h8W--b1.o8Ai2l.i7;n.gK(iApnegst,rcoWitlee.duHm.i,nJpr2r.2;o1dP9ur)c;itess.tlCeyarWcin.,oJgre.;niRciethynsetru,diJe.,s.JrI.nd1.95E2n.gP. rCohpeemrt.ies
1819. hFyradzrioetrr,eaMte.Ed.;coMalahlilquumid,.DJ..DT.ox1i9c8o4l.. MEnuvtiargoenn.icHeaanldthca1r3c:i5n3o1g-e5n4i3c. activity of a
1820. RnH.eosretTaohrnce,hAac1Wc7e:.l7;e5r8aD-t7ien6n6gm. par(noA,pseDrc.tTiitee.;sdoiTnfrao2ls2isp1eh9ta,)tRic.Pa.n,d19r5e7la,teCdarhcyindorogceanrebsoisnso.f tChaensckerin-
1843. caEGhsnhsaeearrssasgsciyentmegSriio,ssuitMmirccsi.l;easorPfi7ati:sne3oas7mh7ale-no4od0w,1id.dAief.l;fyeQrueunsiecndelsivpabenetr,twoSlee.eu1nm98s4yfu.nefPlushe:ylasaicnradelfeaprneedtnrcocefhuedemaltiapcarblodasuectfso. r j_
1845.... AASmiirritFFhoo, rrJcc.Hee .dB;iasHstieal,lrapFteelro,rainJdd.aC:.h;EigJnhagbidenree,nesHriitn.yg1f9ua8en1lds..ASRenreavpliyocsreitss NLanoadb. oEernSavtLoir-rToyn.Rm-8e1n-t5a4l. fTatyendoafll -
1846. SNAODpoRefafg,i-ircn5Eae7,dP-JoFaA.ftC--i2o6.R;-n0AeS0s-o/oe0Xfma1-rj6e8ec.r3thv-G0ifalu5ulnee9ld,lf, ChBDAy.rCerdev.re;eFozlcLeooa,prercemFbe,Lo/eETn:ns.PtJU,.Ab;.SyB.IanuEqttenluervarait,rgicoeLnnmCcmyi.c;ernABotgbaoriluaerPleqmrcuooietmnne,cmttAiNuoWnnoi.t.Aieg1s.e9n8R3ce.yp, ort
1847. fNSNucaAeitelSino/acAndeaCdsl.iTtAi/vPcea-s7d5feo5mr,yhNioTgfhIwSScaNiyeonv.ceePhsiBc-2le5Ns4a0at8nio8dn. atWhleaRirsehscienoamgrtcbohnu,sCtDiooCnu:npcNriloadt1iu9oc7nt6as..l FRAuecepalodsreatmnNdyoo.f
1848. MpPeoetlrditoizcleeirnu,emI.aRinn.d; tDBheieoLlmoegaoirncian, leI.SRecn.;iveinLrcoaensemDteeernp,ta.Jr.RLtm.epe1no9rt8,t5W.toIamAshpmiancegtrtioconann, hDPuCemt.raonlehuemaltIhnsotiftute,
1849. EaC1n9nod8vle4imrn.ooTan.nh.2,eCWfioudn.eeEtlna.;tomiifMl.ictTauhtnoaixocthincp,oaalJr.n.tWdi1t3i.;om:n1Se7ati1rns-eu1tior7ceh8mt.ehree,nRtaq.oPuf.e;cooRumsinppgohhnaaensnedt,asfHtine.Prg.;masKioxoilnipngfe.l,eArk,recFrh.oC.s.ene,
1914. JTpCP.erooAtixnnr;iwoccleoCaetlyuaoo,lmngl,Cy:.R.PhCVy.r.W;dionrl.Scou;cecmhtLaorreanebniVoneSn,eIcs.riM.,eAnMC.ptLi.apfA,cilciF;eedadPCrsu.lrTabaAnolgidxdsg,hi,vceaHoSrnl.s.oTNc,ge..Iys;n1cio9Hn.8fo4MlP.desMotwrduooeltrmeatuhgme,EnCnicHv.Eiityry.do;nreMomvcaaaelcnruGbtaaortlineogsn.oro,f
66-50 FUEL OIL 1915. r2Le1ip0tot3or5nt-.0BS3.uiobnmetitictesd, Itnoc.th1e97A9.mIenrhicaalnatiPoent/rteorleautomlogIynssttituudtye.inLBraItsP.rFojueeclt oNilo. .Final 1924. JTPpB.eroeAticxnr.k;iocc.eloCetLluoao.nlmgSl,:y.;.RhPHVy.rWdieonrpl.cou;leecmtLrao,reanbDnVoeS.nI,Ic.s.;iM.eAnHM.pLtaiap,fniclcesiFeedadPnsr.,ulTabAKnolidd.xsLvh,ic.aeHonr1ls.co9N,e8gs.I4y;n.icHnoT.fohMlPedeostawdrceooumlrteteuhEm,tonCxvH.iiEcryo.od;lnorMmogcyeaancortGbfaorlsneegsl.eocrt,ed :j 1929. LoKnMneonirnnavogdvoc-ueuct,seus,rBpmsPa.y;.ts;ieAtoePxnnmpeasro.lhslsyeSsuolcrmenaexn,-pOdtHoo.lss.JjeEoe.dnt;W,ifSnuBotder.r;uluk.sw,EtIrelEIoi.,anflAGsvswi.or;coonrWrn,ok.sSeesH.nr-;ssneeGbawclaettiirmthoghnb,4ase:Aplr1a.e9e;cl-pei4Wa,i5dlF.eers.m;teefiIroeshrlaooekgnlsricsacoe,niPnt,ov.Aet1.sh;9tei7g8a.tion 1930. TAMeFacAchEnMwicReanLl,-RTJe.RDpo-.;8r4tV:-0e10m918.o4tN., MAEi.RrHI.F-8o14r9-c84e42..ATAeorDxois-cApa1Hc4ae7z-aM8r5de7ds.iRcaelseRaersceharUchnitLaAbnonruataolry. *$-1935. B17E4R-2I.CHTE 1982. Effects of n-hexane in man and animals. Research Report 1936. RAMeAapcMoErRwt:Len1-T,98RJ5.-D.8.H5;-a0Vr5re8ym. GoAt.D, A-EAr.mH16s.t1r15o95n88g5..ATeorxoiscpaHcaezaMrdesdiRcaelseRaersceharUcnhitLAabnonruaatolry. , 1937. Hazardous Substance Data Base (HSDB) 1986. Available through the National V, Library of Medicines MEDLARS system. :1938. DfNoaHrtEiaoWnraelc(oNImnIsmOtietSunHtde)edfPourstbaOlinccdacatuiropdna-toiNocncoua. lp7aS7t-ai1fo5ent1ay.laenxdpoHsuearelthto(NalIkOanSeHs)(C1957-7C.8C).riteria ; 1939. sCPNtuuaabrtdiclioieicnnsaaotolgiofeTnnxoeyNxsliieocsno.Tel(oseNgc(TyhmHnPiix)creoa8dgl7)r-Ra2imne5p8Fo3(Nr.3t4T4SP/Ne)ri1era9st8sN6.aunTmdobxeBirc6oC3l2o37gF,y1NamTndiPc-ecT.aRrNc-Ti3nP2o7g.enDeHsiHs S `: 1967. fpNorarotdiaounrcaetslc.oImDnsHmtiEetunWtdeed(fNorsItOaOnScdHcaur)pdaP..t.uiobOnlicacclautSpioaanfteiotNynoaa.ln7ed7x-pH1o9es2au.lrthe t(oNIrOefSinHed) 1p9e7tr7o. lCeurmiteria 1984. lFisetdinegraol fRheagzisatredrou1s98w5a. sHtea.z5a0r:d3o7u3s38w.aste management system; identification and
FUEL OIL
6 6 -5 1
1986. JCuonuenc1i9l 7o5f (E7u5/r4o3p9e/aEnECCo-OmJm1u9n4it,ie2s5 DJuirlyect1i9v7e5)o.n Disposal of Waste Oils. 16
1987. Federal Register 1987. Ethyltoluenes, trimethylbenzenes and the C9 aromatic hydrocarbon fraction; final test standards and reporting requirements. 52:2522.
1988. C9 aromatic hydrocarbon fraction. 40CFR799.2175
2012. UW.Sas.hEinngvtiorno,nmDCen:taUl.SP.roEtnecvtiiroonnmAegnetnaclyP1ro98te6c.tiQonuaAlitgyenCcryi.teEriPaAfo4r4W0/5a-t8er6.-001.
2219. BpTeiontxrgiochloaelmu. m,3:E4h8;y3dT-r5ro6oc3sa,srebto, nRs..PA.; cWriatircsahlawresvkiye,wDo.f1t9h7e9.litCeararctuinroe.geJn.iEc npvoitreonnt.iaPlaothf.ol.
2238.
1
.
SBCcaairrettnhecre,el,D1W.8C8.F.:;7. 3K18i9-m7745b0.r.oTuC.ghD,DR: .DA.s;
aLcicdiddleen,taJl.Ap;oiCsolinnien,gRe.pEis;oZdeacikn,
hMo.rMse.,aJrre.n; as.
2243. dCaniofdfreargpercnoituoignalldue,wqMauta.eYtri.o;wnBsitahvesha.rns,ineAmg.lpe1h9ca8esl5ils. mIomnodmpeiles.tcriWbollaeetu.cmoSnchti.aymTdreinoccahan.rtb1ot7rn:a2sn3:s-s3py7os.rtteminosfoils
2248. caMhneadmcISinsettrryvyri:ec,esseWdL.iGmab.e;onrStamtwoitarhyte,,rCRi.enLpt.;eorrdatecFtNiuoorn.,.EPTS.yOLn.-d;TaSRllu-,A82Cir-.0WF6,o. rN1c9oe8vBTe.maHsbeye,drFrLo1c9,a8Er1b.nogninefuereilng
2249. NrCeaovr.ilesEwoSn. L,T-RyTn.REda-.8ll119-A58i01r,. FTOohcretcoebbeiBorlaos1ge9i,8ca1F.lLd, eEgnragdinaetieorninogfasnpdillSeedrvjeictesfuCeles:ntaerl,itRereaptuorret
2252. RBo.Mss.e,rte,d.I.;PBetarrotlheau,mR.M1ic9r8o4b. iTolhoegyf.atNeeowf Ypeotrrko:leMumacminillsaonil Peucobsliysshtienmgs.CAomtlpasa,ny.
2253. oVaxnaidndaRdtieeorlnastLeiodnfdSepuneb,trjAeoclCtesu.;mofThhByiijdosrcsohe,ceamGrib.sJot.rnEys.,. 1VN9oo6lr5ud.m,TFeh.FeX.X,mVeedTc.hI.aAnNdisvemawncoYefosrmikni:crEIonnbtzieayrlmscoielongcye Publishers, pp. 469-546.
2255. eAntvlairs,onRm.Men.ta1l98p1e.rsMpeiccrtoivbei.alMdiecgrroabdioalt.ioRnevo.f 4p5e:t1r8o0le-2u0m9. hydrocarbons: An
2257. JSaWoaSiannolktuFetrCrha,onJnLc.fioDesucr.;ioes.niCacrneialwocenrllu,tdhRee.RoPi.rl;eevPmeentprtlaiookyniisn,agnLdc. o1Cm9o7pn5ut.treoArlizsoetfuddOmyilaosPfsotslhlpueetcibotrinoo,dmepegptr.ray6d.0aI1tni-o:6n05o. f
66-52 FUEL OIL
2259. csrZpheeahepcmeptrii,eocnaR1ls.0Gbo:1e.f;h0a9aBq-va1uiu1oa7grt.hicom(fApavosnal,lrcuiiGtotaeu.dnEst;sihnSupmc2hh2oil5ctoo2tss)zuehbnassutiaetirnz,ceedPs.Fbin.y 1wh9ua8mt1e.irc.CsIou.mbSsputanarlniigcsoehsnt. ioCnfdhupecmheoodt-o
2297. wZautrecrhse:ra, nFa.l;yTsehsuaenr,dMin.te1r9p7r8e.taRtiaopnisd. wEneavt.hSecrii.ngTepcrhoncoels.se1s2:o8f38fu-8e4l3o.il in natural
; 2315. VaPrBinrsyodkorlutneapmecsy,tseriMeoesinns.n,em..ACeEAgnoetPonnntAfchosy,rrR,aSbcOe.;eepfnnoGfezirc,oote[yaaNeoc]roepf,n.yWMar4pe4.an;h0tete/H4hra-ae8nRrn5rdee-i,sg0o,u2ftlJ0lhua..;eotriWrPoaenpnarosstwlhhyaaiecnnknydg,ect,lJoSi.cfntla,1uan9orDd8ora.1meCr.nd.a:eAst,inEcPpnBhehvxye8ipdnr5oroa-o2nsncu2mta2rhre5erbn7eoat8nann.elsd:
2318. oTC1i9ool8xlt4eihcm.aoTatl.nhp,1ea3Wri:td1i.et7Ein1o.;-tn1ifM7iic8nau.ttnoicothnh,eaJn.aWdq.um;eSoeautrsseuiprcehhmaerse,enRta.foPtef.;rgRamsiionxlgiinnhgea.,nAdk,recrHho..sPeE.n;neKv, ioarpnonfdl.enrC,oo.Fn2.tCaf.mue.l
; 2326. THreangders,9W:3.6M-4.1, .1986, Additives for gasoline and diesel fuels. Chemical Times and
, 2327. .
1Ta(9Sn8uP4cpe.-a6/d,0i3Rst).r.Cib.;WutiaDornor/erqneurda,allCiety,J..P, AI1n:9:84SF,oucGeiealtssyoaloninfdeALauuntbdormidcoaietnsitvesel
TfEueneclghinanodeldeorigtsiy,v:eIsnAcf.o;nr
OOpevcretforovbriemerw,-
2329. o4A3nm17gerr,ioHcuaennadlwPtheattraeornldeaunEmdnveIinnrhostanintmuceteendt(arAlePcSoIcv)iee1rny9c7eb9sy. DUseunprdftae.,crtgWarnoatusshn. idAngPmtIoonPv,eumDblCeinc.attioofngNasoo.line
2334. JToKP.froAaixiun.n;incczeoCc,toloaRonlngl.b,J:yu..;RPsVt.rWWeiodnhl.cu;idetmtLeioe,eansEneVleSE,Ivc.iaMeAp1no.9ptLr8ipf.,4ilc.iMeedDdPasuec.TFpbAorlaixersdshlivacseaoanrnlndsoc,t,geIyHesnf.cfioNne.fc.;MtPsHeotaordslosedlomsecwuiamoEtrentdHhvi,yrwdoCinrt.hoEmc.;aethnrMbetaoalinncsGh.arleagtoiorn,
2335. W-F-800C, Federal specification - fuel oil, diesel, July 26, 1985.
2336. R10a:a9s5k-,10E6.., 1984, The use of additives in oil fired systems. Journal Eng. Sci.
2337. eL1n9ec7el8,o.sRuF.rFaet.s;e. GoEfanrpvdionrloyenrc,y. cWSlicc.iS.aT;reoAcmhnandtoeicrl.soh1ny2d,:8rJo3.Wc2a-8.r;3b8Bo.nlasyilnoccko,nJt.rWol.l;edBaercwoeslyls-Ctelmarsk, J.
FUEL OIL
6 6 -5 3
2339. Blumer, M.; Sass, J. 1972. Oil pollution: persistence and degradation of spilled' fuel oil. Science 176:1120-1122.
2342. SWoacrietteyndoafleA, uPtAom: oStoicvieetEynogfinAeuertosm(SoAtivEe) E1n97g9in.eSeArsE. Handbook - Part 1, 3016. AQluaaslkitayWStaatnedraQrdusa, lliatystSatmanednadredds 117978/78.7.AAlalsakskaaA, dTmitilneis1t8r,atCivheapCtoerde7,0W. ater 3054. 2B(a8s5d0e5v)a:5n2t,6.A; Guy-Grand, B. 1986. Hypolipidaemia in fire-eaters. Lancet 3056. 2pB3ee3tird-o2el3se8,u.Rm.Pn.;apMhtehcalerin, FraJt.s.1T98o2x.icIonl.haPleattrioonl. tHeryadtroolcoagryboonfsje(tPrfuoec.l ASy,mfupe.)l oil and 3058. Belkin, F.; Esposito, G.G. 1986. Dynamic thermal stripping procedure for the
2an4a(5ly)s:i2sl6o-f2flu9e. l oil no. 2 and kerosine in water. J. Chroraatogr. Sci. 3063. Bhalla, S. 1985. Information review, Petroleum middle distillate fuels, IR-470.
Prepared by CRCS, Inc. and Dynamac Corporation, Rockville, MD, TSCS Interagency Testing Committee, Washington, D.C. 88 pp. 3064. SBm1t9iial8den5-sdd,,ai3sRrt0di.6Wll3Oa).tiel1s.9C8So4um.bpSmaunimtytme,daCrbhyyicoaRfg.oWr,es.IuLBlt,isloeons,f OEskxcitxnoobnpearCino2tr2inp,go1r9ba8ito4ioa.ns(s,AaNyssJc,oittfeodCinABHhaaildlae,r, 3086. hBEyrnduvrniroeocran,rmRbeo.Hnnt.aflu1e9Tl8so3x.oicfPoamlothiglioytla,orVgyiociln.ftieVnrdIeIisn,tg,RsCeinhnaallpatbEeorffreXact.tosrAyodfavnaPinemctreaoslsleineuxmMpooHsdeydedrrntoocarbons. 3101. 3KrCe6ais:nr4pgp4o,e3nnJ-s4.teMe5r6t.,o. C1v9.aP7p6.;.orGPseeoatrrfoydl,eeuDomd.LoJrhriyz.d;erdMockyaeerrrboso,sneRnt.eCo.x.;iTcioNtxyaiccshotulr.ediAinepesrpX,l.ID.P.JhA.a;nriSmmuaallcliovala.nnd, Lh.uJm.; an 3135. QCCooummalimmtyoonnSwwtaeenaadllttahhrdoos,ff VV11iirr/1gg/ii8nn8iiaa. SSttaattee WWaatteerr CCoonnttrrooll BBooaarrdd RReegguullaattiioonnss, 1W98a8t.er
66-54 FUEL OIL
3144. SJSCPchoi-awe5lneaacnDev,ieaMPvtuieJobln;olipsJfhmeueneerklnsi,ant,nIsn,decdL.d..iJAWeJsnre.n.Hl 1.Afu9Gre8bl1ro.imerNs,ata,MrviMnIy.e..tRpoIp.xn.i:Gc1iHut2ye9era-si1tlnut3,hd9D.yE.oLfff.ecsChtsoaflIfeninva.ensAdtingpnaettiAroornlbeoourfmOil
3148. DInahlableayt,ioWn .e;xLpoocsku,reSs; oGfarraftisnkteol,aSe;roJseonlkiziends, dRie.;seHl oflumelb.eIrng:, TRh;eGTuoexriinco,lMog.y1o9f82. PMeatrcoGleruegmorHeytdarlo.cTarhbeonAsm, eedr.icHan.NPeMtraoclFeuarmlanInds,tiCtu.Ete.,HWoladsshwinogrttohn,,JD.A.C. pp. 13-25.
, 3194. PEllaarcse BSaiomrepsleea),rcShamLpableor7a9t-o6r.ieSsub1m98i0t.teAdcbuyteEtlaorxsiciBtyiorteesstesa.rDchieLsealbForuaetlor(Miesa,rIknect., FSeoprtteCmoblelirns2,,C1O980to. (tAhse cAitmederiicnan30P63e)troleum Institute, Washington, D.C. on
3195. SEulabrms iBttieodrebsyeaErclahrsLBabioorreasteoarriecsh 1L9a8b0o. rAatcourtieest,oIxnicci.t,yFtoersttsC. oAllPinIsJ, eCt OFuteol tAhe American Petroleum Institute, Washington, D.C. on September 12, 1980. (As
4 cited in 3063)
3196. i
2ECh5eloa,alrlt1isinn9sBg8,0iooC.riOl(eAs(e1sta0orc%citthheedcLaAtian.b)m.o3erS0rau6itcb3oam)rnieitsPtee1dt9r8ob0lye.uEAmlacruIstnesBttiiotouxrtiecesi,etayWrtcaehsshtLsi.nagAbtooPrnIa,t7oD8r-.iC3e.s.,#oI2nncAH., uoFgmourestt
v3197. aTElUoipxehincatotoli.nc,EaJnn.vdAiraoHrno.amlHlaetetitac,ltDfhr.aJ8c.:t9i1o59n98s-19.o7f2M.PurtuadghenoieciBtyayancdrucdheemoiilcaalndanfauleylsisoilofno. 2. J.
3220. 8F/l3o0r/i8d8a. WFlaotreirdaQWuaalitteyr SQtaunadliatyrdSsta1n9d8a8r.dFslo1r7id.-a3.Water Quality Standards 17.-3,
3281. SHaamzlpelteon81R-0a7l.teSchub1m9i8tt2e.dAbcyutHeatzolxeitcoitny Rstauldteiecsh., HInycd.,roMdeasduilsfounr,izWedI kteorothseene, American Petroleum Institute in August 1982, (As cited in 3063)
*. 3285. 3Ha:ne2dn11dm-e2ur2st0oa.gne,nTic.Rity.; oLfi,dAiePse.l; fRuoelyearf,teRr.Ere.;acCtiloanrkw, iCth.RN. 01928.1E. nInvicrroena.seMd uctyatgoetonx.icity
3338. JkEeenerv,oirsSoe.nHn.e.;HdWeeraamlnthag,to1Js2.eD:s6.1;a-m6S5uo.nn,gCb.aCl.l;-bCeahraion,gYfa.Fc.to1ry98w5.orPkreervsa. lSencacnedo.fJ.prWoboarbkle
F U E L O IL
6 6 -5 5
3366, eosPKyxcenscprtausoevspmsoeua,n.tri,BeSo.cHn;taao.nOElldj.yle;.stoeJSnxf.tu,prWeuoBlws.o.eAer2d,k..;AGiEnE.dcn;lruovWofsirsstrosseio-nnasn.nle,bcHwteSioero,;argnkl,GatehlAars.me4;p:wbW1idei9tre-eha4msl5tseei.po,relhFoco.gi;alimclIas,rlaePkifns.esvro1een9ns7,tci8geA.a.t;LtoiooMnnthgineo-dtnenursem,rvPo.;us
3367. es3Kpx:n1pe5aco2ivsa-eul1,r6reB4e..f;teorPejeenrtcssefounteo,l.HtAh.eEn.n;ineGrvveoosltduibgsaesrtyigos,tneJm.oMn. .S;occWacnuedpstaeJtri.hoWnolamollry,kPeE.xnp1vo9is7re6od.n.LwHoonrekga-elttrehsrmwith
3376. ErKafotfsme.cbJts.ruTosoft,xliD,cl-o.d;l.iGcEhinlllovisri,roo-B2n.,;.2H-Cboeisall(liPtnhs-c, h1B7lo.:;2r3oG-p3oh6ee.hnl,ylT)e.;thGyluepntea,(DB.D; ESc)hownetzla,cBta.ti1o9n86in.
3391. sSLh.e;obrRot-wotyeit,rzmG, H.b.1i;o9aB7s9rs.uaysCisco.kmE, mnDvo.i;nrolMyn.autMsheedustoafnug,eelnDs..;a1nJ:d1a7gs2ao-nl1vn7ea3nt.hts, eDv.aRl.u;aRteededin, Ma .b;aGtteoroydeo,f
3415. ATMeDaccAhEn-w0ic9ea1nl6,R1J7e..Dpo.;rtV: e1m98o0t., REe.Hpo. r1t9N80o.. TAoMxicRLH-aTzRar-d8s0-R79e.seUar.Sc.hNUTnIiSt ARnenpuoratl
3416. ATMeDacAchEn-1wic4ea7nl8,5RJ7e..Dpo.;rtV; e1m98o4t., REe.Hpo. r1t9N84o.. TAoFxAicMHRazLa-rTdRs -R8e4s-0ea01rc. hUU.Sn. itNTAInSnuRaelport
3418. TMhiogaxhci-Nceoanluoergggyhy,toVsnyo,nl.MthV.eGtIiI.c;. fUudeldsi,nC, hDa.Ept.er19I8X3.. ATdoxviacnocleosgyinofMmodixeerdn dEisntvililraotnemaenndtal
3421. PpMoeadisjioeaentdriin,cgsHi.1nA:1.c;2h3Bi-ld1a3rsse0yn.o;uanic,liHn.i;coK-raaladaiowlyo,giMca.l; sFtuardwyaonfa,20S.5 1c9a8s1es..KAenrnosailnseTropical
3432. QMuaaslsiatychSutsaentdtsarWdsa,te1r2/Q31u/8a3li.tyMSatsasnadcahrudsset1ts98331.4MCaMssaRch4u.0s0et.ts Surface Water
3449. b2M1yi(l3Fle)o,:u2Gr3i9.e;-r2-G6tr0ua.inlisafnoorm, Min.;frRareeydmsopnedc,trHos.;coDpoyu. ,InHt.. J1.98E5n.vAirnoanl.ysAisnaolf. Chyhdermoc.arbons
3483. M(NDaaetrriiomnneaallDSTietousxediliceoFsl)ou.geNyl TaPnPrdoTgJrePac-mh5. N1R9ae8vp6y.. FSTeuorex.lic3(o1Cl0oA.gSy Nanod. 8C0a0r8c-i2n0o-g6e)neinsisBS6Ctu3dFie1s Mofice
66-56 FUEL OIL 3495. psNyrenotdthorecoromcloeto.tn,CJot.hnRet.a;!icrLtraiDtwaenrrtemnraceetsi,ptioMsn.9s:e149t83o39.d-4eT4oh3d.eoreifzfeedctkoefrogsuinineeathpeigexmciatexdimsaktiinon 3501. NWeawterYoSrtakndPaurbdlsic, CDoridnekiRnegvWisioante,reSffteacntdivared1s/91/98899.. New York Public Drinking 3507. tNooak,erMos;eInleln.aAitr,cJh.iv1e9s87E.nIvnirdounc.tioHneaoltfhao4r2t(icl):p3lla-q3u6e.s in guinea pigs by exposure , 3521. rIAnehpsrtoiertnuthtneoolfz.o,rHSOE.Hc.7c;9uC-p1ah1ta3ino-7nn2ian8lgS,OaRlfine.MtyC. ha1ne9dm80iHc.aeHlaleCtahol,mthCpaihnnaczyia,nrnBdartaei,vnadOleuHnab.tuiorng,dKetYer,mNiantaiotinoanl 3539. rOuclec.upFaetdio. nRaelgSisatf.et5y4:a2n3d32H. ealth Administration 1989. Air contaminants: final 3549. vcPhearersmkueisrst,srhGya.lsAet-u.d;deiBreiosv.geoTd,oJVxPi.c;5oYlj.eotAupfnupgel,l.;RPl.ihWgahr.tm1ma9ci8co1rl..osA5c7co:upti3ce0,2th-o3ex1mic7ia.ttyoloofgicco,navnedntsioernuaml *3560. wPeaittesrc.hFerr,esGen.Wiu.s'1Z98.7A. nDael.teCcthieomn.a3n2d7(idl)e:n56ti-f5ic7a.tion of oil traces in surface 3587. RtWheeagtuSerltaatQtieounoalfiNtAyor.Sk2taannassdaasar.mdsenfdoredSuWrfaatceer WQuaatelirtsyoSftatnhdeaSrdtastefoorfSAurrfkaacnesaWs a1t9e8r8s.of 3627. sTStceuhrdraieteiosngeteron,iecCv.ahAlau.zaa1tr9ed8s3r.e.ApPrdeovtd.ruoMcletoiuvdme. eEafnnfedvcirtpsoe,nt.irnoT:leoAuxsmisceoslps.rmo3d:e2nu9tc-t4so5:f.ARebprrioedf urcetviiveewaonfd 3628. HeRpSfpceafh.epsuccoltbrtszet,krO,eTsRW.eWaN.rM.L;ch/.E;TpiMLnlea-orr8,ii0lmJ3se.4Lhr,,a.;lOFeW.aWdkiet.sv;RcehHildoi,ogpleHmla.nNe;ndaFt,t.riJyoO.,nMaaR.lk;JL.DRMauibd.m;ogreoSanmtNoti,ratyhtJ,i,.oNOLn.aaHl1k.9L;8Ra1Rib.daogHorea,e,taToTlr.tKNyh..; 61 3664. Sanmdithre,fLin.Hed.;sHhaalsechoeilk-, aWnd.Mp.e;trWolietsucmhi-, dHe.ri1v9ed81.suAbcstuatnecetosx. iIcnit:yHoefasltehlecEteffdecctrsude
CInovfefisnti.gAatnionnAorfbOorilSSchieanleceDPeuveblloisphmeresn, tI,necd.,. AWn.nH.ArGbroire,stM, MI. .Rpp..G1u4e1r-1in6,0.D.L. 3672. QSouuatlhityDSatkaontdaarWdsa,te2r/89Q.uCalhitayptSetran7d4a:r0d4s:021989. South Dakota Surface Water
FUEL OIL
6 6 -5 7
3683. dSotactuemWenattaetrioPnr.oDgreacmems bTeerlep19h8o8nethSrouurvgehyF1e9b8r9u.aPryer1s9o8n9a.l communication and
3712. sTohliedo-bpahlads,eNe.xt1r9a8c8ti.oRnacpairdtrpidrgeelism. iAnanrayl,sCephaimra.tiAonctaof2p04et(r1o-2le)u:1m35h-1y4d4r.ocarbons by
3719. Nebraska Water Quality Standards 1988. Nebraska Water Quality Standards for
TSuitrlfeac1e17W. aters of the State, revised effective 8/29/88. Nebraska State,
-
3746. PNeaetrionRaelvLieawboCraotmormy,ittOeeak19R8i9d.geP,eeTrNR, eMvaieyw4-C5,om19m8i9t.tee Meeting. Oak Ridge
3763. f5Uo1.r:S2.e0xE4i2snt9vi,nirgaonnadmnd1e9nn8tea8wl, P5s3ro:ou4tr0ec5cet6si2o.onf4A0pgoCellnFucRtyio4n01:3986A65.ptGpoeexnnicdeirpxaolBll.purtaentrtesa. tFmeedn.tRreeggiuslta.ti1o9n8s6,
3852. Wyoming Water Quality Rules and Regulations 1984. Quality Standards for Wyoming Groundwaters, 12/84, Chapter VIII.
3853. CRWhuyaloepmsteianrngdI.WRaetgeurlaQtiuoanlsit,yQRuuallietsy aSntdanRdaergduslaftoironWs y1o9m84i.ngWSyuormfainceg WWaatteerrs.Quality
3859. cZ1a9el8isg7. e.Er,nSvEair,l;monAo.nneMdleluartsaomgnue,ntaB.g.9;enH(iScaiuwtpyoprtleths9t,)s:.S1.13;0.RLpaepwsu.loltrs, fTr.o;mMtohretetlmesatinnsg, oKf.;2S5p5ecchke,mWi.
COMPLEX MIXTURES
oeftttohhhxfrpeeeesetaeinrhnraiitmlmsteiueTrealrraentheesctcisrtashoiiloaawfcnlpfhsetistanhleclpdoe-radtisfnnemergatfvhaissndateeercreryedlaaoiplacssagotlecirrwvlctotyheoeiutrdaahpidtsniigaoinnpsrgfocetusocdhtlsomoiteieimbmnptflptheolase.loet,xleuoolrIwnmyortdiuinusstxthhtgteiwouelicuroazhselseftdadoasmprynbtaaonedengdrt/hdeosinf.reoicpsetocidreslno,dadbas,tsiashthbieonoolyfenwfcosceae.rovsrmmeseTarup,rrhlyoeatefuthslibnenaeucdtgttfseta.ihfdcnoetgloTilrnrochesowdemmsiceafapnotnnhortyssmeiinotaaoiffdtoluudnttueehlsindoenec,fdee wcdtphlereaaoplstlpseneaionrsdftfiioTwnecrhsgiomtemhaoacnpttgcyioeoopfuonroingcdrardwimnlasagpucswhloataiamotcvsiopatlgnhiooli.nacevabeeitMnlnneiot..tasnennsaPydnohedoyfdfspaiuctprhasopleedr/.scouehxceFitmmmuuiraixsctttehaeu.lerrcepmosrImnooarppreseeoo,rsmbtitithleieeoesnncdofaoefostrdefemsn,ttuhotwleahmetemirrooeeindxfsintofuyrovretaet,rhsaytevhaiawrreielipatrhbhpalynresosgeivecoaiarsdfloeovndraratiihfseed seencvtiiroonnsmInoennatdthdaientidopnraintbcoripiteahfleocvdoeamrtavpioefnowrenottfhsetahmnediirxtmtuoarxjeiocriittysae.dlfd,ittihveescohfapthteer mthiaxttufroel,lotwhesiralfsaotecoinntathines
STODDARD SOLVENT
CSYSWMSDPOoDtNrsoMihlyna-vdOif6etedMecer8nNtlaay0etrslOYadpnsnsiNMoarpisnilpiotvrgsShlievtt:nshetnat
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION:
ABALaOCiierylptnoencapefmzlnioarenoaratniitlxeiakcinamsndeasbteranCcohmedposit3tt31irr000oaa...ccn000ee%%%
--
-
524000...000%%%
67-1
CA80S52R-E41G-3NO; WNIJO89S2H500N0O.: AFAIRCTWO/RV CatO2N5'VCERSION 50..71773mpgp/mm3 11 mppgmt;a3 M1O3L5.E0C0-U14L5A(RavWeraEgIeG) HT:
REACTIVITY
e5cpptpSoxo1eutrxopm1roridol)dpcob.dxuosuagiscidsraveetedsseis.ebhssmleo,eoTaralwtvmht,heehoaryfnisiitldtreaeerelriso,witsahpamilcteonhorasfdnooeyosxriixwrinddcieindeoestroihusmzeclitmdpusntaogiarnttuyooimbsnapibginlgnrieatoeoeysdrxaxeauicspdlm.lclaieoazsisicsRsnhiiciodfgeeeinsaalclacatao,(gttnr3iiefooe8niononr,treuss5g,s0wama7nina,tidhcy
CPHHDEYAMSTIICCAOA-L
DOOPFChreoddeynloooessrrrizi:ct:eayT/l:MhMCrSeioe0tllsald.to7htre7oPpl:0leoed0sti:nsrLogti:/lq0meu.u9NLimd0o0((aadpttap2tm2a00CC))
BFloaislhingPoPinoitn:t:371.8504.0to0 to60.02002C.00C
FAlu2b(av6ytmao0rvim.g0ioanaClbuCibtlmlieeo()evnLairTmieaimbtslp:e).:0.82027t.o0
6.00% to
VSaa(tapdto. r2C0PonCree)s,suinreA: ir:3.020.20mEm+0H4g to
VSoi2(slau.c4tob0s2iilE0tity+yC:0)i4n0.m9W1ga0/mtetr3o:(0a.tI9n52s00olCucpb)le
(((((55122009))777)0) ) ((223),38, 51,507) (38,51,506) (2530,63)8,51, (507) ((510271)9) (5)
67-2 CPHHDEYAMSTIICCAOAL
STODDARD SOLVENT
SHBSLuoP57ioeoir..ngal4c5frra0o0A(tycniOE'dteascic+sto.TomtLn0aFrea6-npanCwom.csUotiCVCooeWrnmofo:f:ena.of)sltf:te.N,:N(r:a3oot.714d2.d6.0a40at00ttaCaoEE)+-700.4026ttoo
(See
(See (See
Table
Table Table
67-2)
67-2) 67-2)
PINERSWTYSHAISSETTTEESEMRONICLE-
Stitvoedlydamrdobsiolelveanntd hmydodroecraartebloynspearrseisteexnptecintedmotost bseoilrela swbdStbdrBtpyioeeeeuoeoiespgoglrnatmlsrdrhrefutiaaeamheigiatgsdccdgeennehsreirdardi.nnoeafetsbigrtiddscpop.iPoaaaanihmlisentllloViusrsptioaotcsroornoxraiuafeltsoaoirnanetdoxoceedtndpaeirifn,tdeloetgiicriCtasxaztaoeepoatplnn7eniiteio-iln;ttiasnlCconhisvmantn.r1liedleaarse,2ldseoytnauDsphentdhetrpiahomyormtavsowodlesuetplebrnoynobxouoei-wbot-trlocnassxeetawacdulnaeircraderenntcdubnrfa,atoraoldttiynrnmcnifhsioiadeoosgnneintinglrrggteadiroe-si,taiopadugsepnhnteocrndridyxhsbloodoldpuyanufcwfbrrerntaeoeoiacgeodsvovcmtdtesfwoeaeaserdrrsapsab.otobmeotirolrlnsaea..y-
PEAXTPHOOWSFUARYES
TwdVoStiInhncrthaahorcigtnpeoduaeekouldrsrapirtgantirssfhroigiryodmnofsnsrwmtaoosewraoiemmlyitxlsttevshphprleaeoeainnfssastotdduuhktoirpwoehrdmedrpeeascliy.iilgtocseerorosavIannkofntsrotleiphceaantisaomtgilueinlnllaexilitcuntdtzpoieinaanoerdsttsgncniioteotorlrefnnevfurgdrxecoropoontmomtuofftuorsngsemlutbaurdshrraeoreegyrfussaesetnsiocdsmgoduserinipfalalftiws/igyufiglpnileasrcsiagteloaleltosunsari.fonntn.dk-s.
STODDARD SOLVENT
67-3
HHEADAZALATTRAHD
oSisg)n_s _an_d _Sy_m_pt_om_s_o_f S_ho;_rt_-te_rm__Hu_m_a_n _Ex_po_su_re_:_
iePOryrrveoietslar,oteninxogopneso.desuoarvneedrteotxhprSootoasdtudraaenrddtomstoahlyveeclniaqtuuscieadudmsiezaszyiinrcerasiutsa.steiosnkionf the
Acute Toxicity Studies:
INHALATION: LQ^ 10,000 mg/m3 2.5 hr
Cat (47)
NECGLLPtoAroPaTexenrnRiAPgccgoCni-tndTaooo---nxegsrcieecmyNNNnsi/tiNooovcEietdddDfoyfaaanaettttCcaaaaattls:ea:sDsNiIafdeitcgdaaan:tteiiovvFned:etaomtoaxeiec at maternally
PRHEA(CN3A8D,U5L0TI7NI)OGNS
5oaH0faf0un50l0dl0lpefpatmoocen:p1lyai0en0wcy0eitsphaupnpmadpd:leoieqrdcguh-aaaentimericivrcveeaasnlpptciiorlaraartttcioroarindrtogreridsrgeeelsVsfp-aicrpoaontrotar10lienw0ve0iedtlhsto breathing apparatus with full facepiece; gas mask with oprrgoabnaibcilvitaypoorf ecyaenisctoenrtact C heTmhicealusgeogogfleims pifertmheeraeblies gloves is advised to prevent skin irritation.
67-4 STODDARD SOLVENT ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCRCITUEPRAITAIONAL STANDARDS AND
AIR EXPOSURE LIMITS:
StanAOdFSaOrHdSAsHTPWEAL ((88--hhrr):TW10A0):ppm100 ppm; STEL (15-min): 150 ppm
C ritAANNNerCCIIIiOOOaGGSSSIIHHHHH ICRSTDTLELLELV(HL1(51-((m031(8-50ih---nhmrm)r:TiinnTW))1W::8A0A5S)0:0)T:0mE03gL51/p00mpd03mmeplgep/trmead3
-
WATER EXPOSURE LIMITS:
DrNinokniengesWtabatliesrheSdta. ndards
EPNAonHeeeaslttahblAisdhveids.ories and Cancer Risk Levels
WNHoOinDforrinmkaintigonWaavtaeirlaGblue.ideline
E PAH- uNAmomacbnrieiHtneteraioWlnthaete(s3rta5bQ5l)uisahleitdy;
Criteria Stoddard
solvent
is
not
a
priority
pollutant.
A- qNuoatcicritLeirfieon(3e5s5ta)blished; Stoddard solvent is not a priority pollutant.
STODDARD SOLVENT
67-5
REGULATORY STATUS (as of 01-MAR-89)
P roFmeudltnhOcMtegheoraoacrenaarnteayrmlte-ataibdonPnclmiegaeorRseinodasnnPgeucasdbgrcrmnauyuoeitmpmtmslsaepi.sncotpuhitngryloiPaoossnotteihnsicrrfviaabmeRlkti,eitnetiecnsodtheahweatpaehmnrptxcelicohiscceurmaapcalnasthnurtodwsisrcnphhaeSbeeeraicmneeontnlecieotvcdtxhguaierielaccmoyaracnirploeamctnsrpieensrfAntrooipotgctcrumteeoeensrsnssete,tha(nssMrmetesianPuaerrstReaarthptSegnrigeeAaoduncnl)sylsee-atatoroireox(nni3cds0e9air)fne.dd tOEimmccepu-lwpoayetieigeohnetaexldpSoaasvufeerrteyagtaeonodSftoH1de0da0alrtphdpmAsoclt(v3e5n(3tO9sS)h.HalAl )not exceed an 8-hour TalHashabeazealiDhrndaegozpauaarsnrddtMomutaerstnaemntrsiaoaptfloesrrTitTaarlratianwonsnhpspio(cor3hrt0at6iats)ito.isonunbhjAaesccttdteo(sHigrMneqaTuteiArde)mpeetnrtoslefuomr pnaacpkhagthinag,
StatssANAeptlaLPelWtcDLesitafWairStceetTRegrnsAusuPlThamr(atEsoievegoSreerniacsaWm,dcesraoiitptteehtrreeidraE:xbEpyPonAsaurrAreamtLibvimieenirttsefWseercaettnieocrenQ)ouraasblitythyerieCrlirspittrienorgmiauthalgneadted AAh15ylLadAsrkxoSgac/KaLhrAbafosornastowitnaatlferhreysqdhuraoalcniatdyrbmcoranitrseinraienodnsu1fro0farc/xtehg/ewLaptfreoorrstetco(3ttia0ol1n6a)or.ofmaaqtuicatic life of oAArrRk1Ka5nAsmNasgS/LrAeSqmuairxeims uthmatwohilenanddiscghraeargseingshatoll snuortfaecxecweeadter1s0 (m35g8/L7).average wwFFlLaaottOreeirrdRssaI((Dnr3e2aAq2vui0gi)ra.etsionth,aitndouilstarniadl gurseea)seanndot5 emxcge/Ledfo1r0amllgo/Ltheinr CsulrafsasceV woMMialaAtseaSsrnaSsdcAh(g3Cur4sHe3ea2tUst)esS. EroeTfqTpueiSrtersolethuamt tohreigminaxniomtuemxcdeeisdch1a5rgmegc/oLncinensturraftaiocen of NNeEbBrRasAkaSKreAquires that petroleum oils not exceed 10 mg/L in surface
67-6 STODDARD SOLVENT
NNkeEerwWosYenYoerOkiRnhKdasrinsektinag mwaatxeimr u(3m5-0c1o)n.taminant level of 50 jig/L for SSpoeOturUtohTleHDumaDkoAptrKaodOhuaTcstAsaiwnastuerrfaqcuealwitaytesrtasn(d3a6r7d2)o.f 10 mg/L for all VVhyiIrdRgriGonciIaaNrbIhAoanssainwagtreoruqnuda-wlitaytesrta(n3d1a3r5d).of 1 mg/L for petroleum 3gWWa8nro5ydYuo2OnmC).dMlia-nwsIgsNahItGeIarsainasdwreHaqtIuerigrreqoduuantlodit-ybwesattavenirrdst.uaradIllnyoaffrde1de0itiomofng,o/LiCl lfaaonsrsdsIugrrdfeoaamcseeesw(t3iac8t5er3s, OOgrtTehaHesreE.sRtaSteTsAfTolEloSw EPA Ambient Water Quality Criteria for oil and P roFpeodsNeedroaRlfeePdgreuorglaarltaimorensgsulations are pending. StatNeoWsatateter rPergouglraatmiosns are pending. wMCpMrhhoOoeaspnnStogTssteithnsaSegtTyaersAcbehTaeaprcEneroSgomiejnseectttfhoeindetahplf.eorirorCc1ero9sens8gt9uao-lcf9att0riwoe(vni3tis6shi8wn3tghh).ietchhsetiawrtielwl aoftfoeflirlcoepwrroiEsgPraaAdmv'ssisecadhn.adnges
STODDARD SOLVENT
61-1
EEC DctoDDihorriimegerrcaeepgtccnirottvooiuvehdunseaindsldcooshgnoaienrrnGgstrechuooebiumnsnatopdoqiol-u)Wguarnotoaidfcutseonerradngn-vawd(in5ra3oostu8nper)bmhso(etsian.penth.,c,oeswrsuoibwtushshtoaicucnohtcmepmspearowycuhonfilcodahrstmi,opnossutschehrsosugh iteAcnhnaptervopscireirgnoorosnpougmrubeiannestntdiaect-,nwmacmaneetsduaetrssamuhg(raiieen.lnelse.ir,bcdaeveloieartomaiptkleseeedrnraacnntobodelygcaehetminsyosidenacmrropytbchreatrorroopbucepogornrhtuesinevgsitesrrnoiinpetusrni.oondrhdiiovbririeatcestdtuh.dbeissoacihql)auraogtfiec DPeirtreoclteivuemonprFodisuhcitnsgmWusattenroQt ubaeliptyres(e5n3t6)in salmonid and cyprinid swlauakrtefeasr,cse(2ino)fsimuthcpehawrqtuaataenrdteiottireecsftoatrhbmaletct"ohhaeytyid:nrgosc(a1or)nbofontrh"metabasetdveisstioobflefwisfhailtmearn-odcn,ou(t3rhs)ees and produce harmful effects in fish. TtpDthhrhieeoreyedscumhmtceiavaelnlyefadisnoahvnotiotswrtibybhhleeiescphpQfeirlcuhemiasafelisicontayhnttaiiRortnhmneesqsfhuufseliourlrlerefffdiapfsehceocettrfwsooSalfoethenuterhmlletfihinshwehysasudthWcreehorlacltfaaqeinrsurbhdsao./nontr(si5tai3sep7sd)eecapisfoytsoitthaotn wdDbcOcaoaniehirsarrdcigcsdec/hatiohcinaansrtlcroioivhgogshweesadeauarnoloogteosrenefgredooestmtrnhfhiwsiensehs,suitsuteoDiobhmorsosinigtsanuuacanlbtsnhantscnaapofteordanrpsgonidhoedscaworuersohrsddapfifseucahi.rnhDctaihetvtaoAoheenwsrdag,givaszreyftepaorresteuoortaitenosmurm,nddso-etlaweeSfloqreruuafortumbteimazetsrotertiihrr.aocmioynua-deecslnmreewoevsmbcfiarfeaiteo(rsre5csnbrti3csmooo5nnouoe)snrnn,attptisrnhpietcelesairetnnsanastotloet csDAcqaauoonnunicmmrddayhen/ppocptiowrotinhtiuuyvsaedntn,esniadtdsonleopslsl,aa;nottc(asuilwooneeTramsndieotd,,hxopoeipofccfcshuotactymaanerhsnbrdcpiedtlicsinao;asmiuoDhlnognemaaredttngnhneosadgn;ioxcnetdiccc,risceyhoo-faaeuahfrnnmensadicuddliWtocnesdagssd)aaile;tennssecrethgshtetaecahsaourlkelromsiarneu(kscp5dgset4oeaeww2ufrnpoi)nhdasrdtasicitasdche;rrsisesocppcamihonronrraoscdoditdlniumucogdorceipfienogostgif,lnhyshepcuooyhcflcehdlniscols waste.
67-8 STODDARD SOLVENT
ctalptP(SDahhslceueaoibeectrtbsleyrorevsslCoorciietfadlnltanlieeiraeagnvutuedsnscemmsr)ecci.eafseooigsacnanuw(anns7fltldiitda8aitdhoth7meieccn)oroomt,neCahadsPallel.abattpsclpaaesBrkrrriefaoespiddgccucaiiaeiabssnrdutttsagiiiutsolltalelrinaaaone.inttonsceedPesfssosatLua(wchaentakiexlndtbiachdnveglteulaihfainddrnleragiigieasnirnhbagoslnlueaftpdtbhbhoDcjeeioLoenlascimDatnnetsbiggpretuebooelsrsisechneoilptdtaoguiiavlwoslceaonksbPf2aeorRmlDgefidpeCaonhloantgaoenrgatrraaeierntnreifgiodoununetsslos), EPEh(1yrEE7doCC9pr3oo)cDhsaaairlrsbefpocontrriosv,apeolsuCsbe-odruPicnrtacohnipalttosDstaehidnreedc,dthuivymedrpoainnuglitchoefflucDirduusmdeaptionsielg,aopbfeetWropalresouthemibaitteSde.a
STODDARD SOLVENT
67-9
67.1 MAJOR USES AND COMPOSITION
67.1.1 Major Uses
Stoddard solvent is produced from a straight-run distillate of paraffinic or mixed
bagaesnet;crausdea
odiel.greIat siesruasnedd
calseaanedril;ueanntd
ians
paaihnetrs,biccoidatein(g2s). and
waxes;
as
a
dry
cleaning-
7
67.1.2 Composition
obsarapr1tohaenl1efrkglrn.nedv2oauosgze%rnueleoSenagnegdntratsihto.oesd,ndSsriii3Ccnd1ctCoy0d8(am1dc-tch5ra4rl9odde-toa0wa26mmapc%07srieaipato7)dchr.rolaqavecCuslufeaylonfByunacilad,nbovlnstnosesotetSdah,idinistwtlloti3ikine,ttaidt.aytos0gdhn1pi3maso4ece%rcrnlsi0sacaxad,lnostrywfuaasmgblsiailnreo(flokspelyd2lnyhvbo2bloSese21csefnetbt80hoowdte-)Cladd2.vneiiid0,onessez%acnfnetTaurhlnt6ehd,sre10mnsaeoos6.egsru,8di0dootx1%goh0lmt4hCvuir.s0n3ealre%pCnrttefssioaatl^csoarnosmsii2a.gsfhnnh1foiyetdfn30lioBdaav0ngslrnCe-esiet5of,pnsnhc.r0chtzte2oaa%,iae4mornFnfta.bnd5oilnecaoss%lCdtlsntorshae5osoawntl,ftmorilpdgiovawpntohoelhrgoiiCnntenneelotde1stnfa2ccof,o.ndiiydhusmndacrarIspnclyiptobnodos-tatprpaymiernaab0pnoreprtn.oeit0nalsowciy7l:fthsihf%neeiGtindgdecs,sh,t follows.
wclaasssneAso.tchaavraailcatberleiz. atTioanbloef6t7h-e1 ipnrdeisveidnutsalthheydarvoacialarbbolencchoamrapcotenreinzatstioonf Sbtyodcdhaemrdicsaollvent
612 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS dlemrsaoexicsoliplekcr/evugecAaosrtsneofeixutddoatninnsesdtsecnaoc-ulsowytsiibvftsaoieiectnoaealnscerilponodosmhvfyafiarpsttCtatoioehcnhnmdemaeaespnnefetnidtwnensvtriiaalinolrr6lgfoo4nfnm.SaoimttttsaoeetdbsinscpdeteaeachrcrltyediifdbopircneseoohacclotavoaevfedmrinboCptrohhonewaonrspfeeeta;rneSnetrttdshoa.6dedt4dhdMraere(riJeaardsendstbyeseerodFohluvifaspeevrtlnriheoet4verf)ieio.shriunrylseTidlmdyrhoietticenoadgrettbhhnboeeeynrsathl e
67.2.1 Equilibrium Partitioning Model spppuoelrlcpuiIfotniascengstesoniefnraasslos,ielssosciialn/nggrbtoheuenades-snwevsaisrteoedrnmbtryeannutssapilnogtrrtaapnnasptehoqwrutailyoibsfrifSuotmrodldopwaarrdctiotsinoocnlevinnentgrta,mtaioodngerslo.oufpFoorf the
67-10 STODDARD SOLVENT COMPOSITION DATTAABFLOER 6S7T-1ODDARD SOLVENT
Carbon Range Straight/Branched Alkanes Cycloalkanes Aromatics:
Benzenes Alkylbenzenes Indans/Tetralins
(Reference 1967)
CrCa 48% 38%
0.1 % 14% < 1%
scchaloyamndsfrspieorlscme,a. rit.bTeho.ea,nbaspllerkweai6stne7hen-is2nc,eictdhyoeecfnlottCiahf7lie-keQsasne2tleherseac,tneasgedneldewchatayresoddmrsoehalcyteaidccrrtsbeo;odcntahsrferbiroonemntsaytrpaheniecdnadlopoSrmatevoisandeiadnlanatbsrtldethhysdedoalrptvoarecenatdtoribcotend wapraaerteteirtx,iopanenicndtgesdooiftlolaohiwra.vseoTihhl iecgohpneocrretnmiotonrbastiliaiotsnyssotchoiaafntethdthowseeitahhdystdohrrebocewadarbtpeoornrtsainoandm. aoinrgpshoailsepsaortfictlhees, ssooiill sbisssamoaiolegkdtipnluy--ioilrmvwfEraaibaptcstpaeetatooeindnnrmrrt,zttaeapdpppnnthhereeteoeasarspfcsscoefeeehorssnarsoaitntvniahtfledsgohetehresh(aeicisaovugolcafhnlmnoiesltttmaoarhahbtdiepeuwnleoerilaadnuartfoignteoosemrdmrdnnsisoan;tootrtatovliasuncpoonvtbsleishaoliprhlytiyioailydtlriidirriietzmnrosaawocdptncaaiiiooactrdnhrarnbdtbtonaefointenlsrnosgttahwslniitcfasgiioaslntilprtpbgesoerlogterxeghrotdprpesroiwoeitcuecQiitiolsnttehn.e-ddoCdriiPwt^gnstoaafaoeinhrtlbxtetyibcrieprdtea.eircotpcoilanrntocreiewganbdsr.geowbnntoatotI)ontn,eisbnar.tehmteTahanehye fcrmhoaeyrolpdedaralecoIoslniwcetaywsirsnoobootuofifellnrdstpcohmorlnevenoietxcsitnoetnutinbglr,te(ertstahpahwtepieilosoplresunel,ilbscdrlyaee(bsambfuklieelloitll.nviosn,gewgiutaatsnhmqdeauueerspbotguourbrloskeeusnfsorlpdueluamidbscteeiolamsirntbayod)gefretotehhfdteaetntheshkqeoasui)tlci.lomtibhmIarinspyiuomtmenhxoeicsdnpeteaseslirdt.tuiistatLihtoviaenaorlinisgnd,oegrtophnteilvye
STODDARD SOLVENT
TABLE 67 2
E Q U I L I B R I U M P O R T IO N IN G OF P O T E N T IA L STODDARD SOLVENT HYDROCARBONS IN MODEL ENVIRONM ENTS
COMPOUND
Octane Dodecane Trlm ethylpentane Methyl cyclohexane Trim ethylcyclohexane Xylenes Tr 1m e t h y (b e n z e n e s Naphthalene Methyl naphtha!enes
<
L o g 1C ou
5.18 (e ) 7.06 ( f ) 4.87 ( f ) 4.10 ( f ) 5.02 (h) 3.16 <e) 3.65 (h) 3.30 (e) 3.87 ( e )
b K
oc
73,000 5 .5 a 106
36,000 6,070
50,500 700
2.150 962
3,570
c H
2.96 7.4 1 .9 -3 .3 0.39
16 3
7 x 10 5 x 10 4 .8 2 x 10 * 4 .4 x 10 *
UNSATURATED TOPSOIL
(X)
Soi 1
Unter
A 1r
97.4 99.9 94.7
000...00001101
2.6
0.09
5.3
0.019 5.9
98.0
0.08
42..00
0.29 8 . 8
99.6
0.7
00..25
99.4 99.8
00 .5 .1
00..0013
SATURATED DEEP SOIL**
(X)
S o li
Meter
97.7 99.9 99.3 96.2 99.5 74.4 90.0 B0.2 93.7
0.3 0.004 0.7 3.8 0.5
2150..60
19.8 6.3
C a lc u la t io n s based on M ackay's e q u ilib r iu m p a r t io n in g model ( 3 4 , 3 5 , 3 6 ) ; see In t ro d u c t io n in Volume I fo r d e s c r ip t io n of model end e n v ir o n m e n t a l c o n d i t i o n s c h o s e n to r e p r e s e n t an u n s a t u r a t e d t o p s o i l and s a t u r a t e d deep s o i l . C a l c u l a t e d p e r c e n t a g e s s h o u ld be con sid e re d as rough e stim ates and used o nly fo r general guidance.
^Reference 65Z.
c Taken fro m R e f e r e n c e 74 u n l e s s o t h e r u i s e s p e c i f i e d . U n i t s e q u a l a tm .m ^ /m o t.
^ U s e d s o r rp t i o n
c o e ffic ie n t
V = 0.001 p
xK . oc
*Referenee 29.
1
^Arthur 0. L i t t l e , In c ., estim ate a cco rd in g to equations p rovided in Reference 31.
^R eferen ce 10.
^Reference 31.
67-11
67-12 STODDARD SOLVENT
67.2.2 Transport and Transformation Processes
sttcpwshoutohirsenlyoldccsnesedeiTigpscnitrclosteytarsicrboinhoabollsetefvnepimeocotttnoiorhmhcnsteaedtolaoaercsnmfg(ehodariatinlqahnsntdud,eargiaatectbictnhskoioisouonlnftynsl.oosortibgbnimpTtieycueihatantechtirlgsnihe)ootelnetspemprfurfeaooieomrncffcpcastoetSplmhlrtoiaootseratirdetitcsnedesbaodrgaliloilorvaegmfdleldorsntoogshtf"ruoioecewnlwalvldecrileolaoalnwatwnphtvciisaendtatcritrgiloeoiytynnrun,sgs.ewspa.nt"ianiilttTtnldshusd.h(eTmietnnbiShmattersioyoesemswlosaotaueiretrlnirtrbvdcmmfeedaodacendyiepisslsteenwtiansatolsuadnstteocenoberutnessfsretodhme -t wdehgerraedafitlimonsparreeaadlilnignvaonldvebdr.)eakup, and differential volatilization, dissolution and
v.. ahSasSfmSprunnytotroooobdddormsddpscrtdedemmTotqisaavschoasoouarronyediddrellfrabsenobte.tssrortoieooanlaellttpsovvraehhreeehvlegonvinayknatattidaoel,nopalrl-ikioyvobnocaarocxlvetnalsmioaapdorettiabirsaloilbtealot/eiwgesibnzborsrlhasiuneoepatirucril(ddoesiihenn.niasedsmoet.hsta,nffohawartly<SvesovapetmietlnoaeeidCdvmtcrmsSe,dii)iufrstntaiooyyrcarsdtfsadrpahltdtneoechoeasdmweeonratrdslosthcwve.rotteeasiaumlneonItsatxentlsralvrppaiysesgrenounsaecbrseogttnpttxelegeeueopaseddrbriresmatoietcwltlftip,oattemionyhtltdhebr.dhaoatetdeatcitoTnenvhrmlrftaohoiiba.nalnlwettaejgsreotEfaalwiraoyalrtvirainozemnmstdmcanogeaotarlaivjmutwototiohsbinorapcloolnatoleuwfetunairgobliite.itnhfeizhnlaitwtttsyh.iaoeotnefr
*; '
oggrrfoopuuennAtddrsowwdleiaausttcmeeurrs.sdietiMsdsetililifgnlaratadnetesdiotamntihlaoeyifnsrtoeChlsvehuealnotprttigneharynad6ic4rsoe,ppclhaaararrbsgaeoetnemssuoardrygfiasabscnoeeilcvvsepepdrihlylasinsdoeiftrfhoesenruegbtnrhstoueurfsrnfauodcmrefwadtcaheitsaecrtoh.foarfthgteehse
. /;;
i,eusDcCnhxonaUopndstudeaoealcBirildtlitp/iipecgoorbdhordneaeonessttu,edgiomnncrittatdooeiaedotncndawnactdlutisaoiirnaotanfennareerCdvodxmomhsccyraetaaoahsppyttmbaitetctlebmpepreWhlsoet6;ysotaa4dsesnlirmokbsbomieluicmiyrcogaerdpgroeoeboepvtbgsroehitrtaanroaallst.tndahoat(anaa-c2rotttti2eerxiovm5xainnidt7ntiroay)csoe,ttfrmosifoobturoapenimnrolteygcedaotoaretfltmniogohoilsrnanmseuamgutrdopmfseantarivtmcociehieoacnneynepsdsatppusrhmbienolelfrladceosiyaeeorobrrmndbefSv.aootidyrpornaeodtsagpindmlriimasdsauor.dendminoonIctsttg,coulaQvrne.dntto
Overall, ground water underlying soil contaminated with Stoddard solvent : cvthhooyemldartploiolocwinazearerbtniootmnsn.so.Tlfemrhcoauemylatbyrthpeweevesuoiuglfnrhsfetparciaalellbipl(meshuaatryotifcabcsceo.enatvAassm.tigstinnuhiiabfsit-cispoaunonritfnbatrcy,eem)iattoissvlheaooalfustplidmrsoopbcmoeesresmtaopnefnacrettithoisceniusneelcdaerltyhaftor
STODDARD SOLVENT
67-13
eTnavbilreon6m7-e2ntwaelrfeatien/celxupdoesdurine/tootxhiecrolochgyapctherasptoefrsthfoerIxRyPlenTeoxaincdolongayphGtuhiadleen. e listed in
6723 Primary Routes of Exposure from Sofl/Ground Water Systems
spppSoatroorottphdepwntdTeiatorahirtnyaeidsel.tsafsooboorlosfvovbetielnhi.otedaicaTscccrohueumemsyvspiuooorllnnaaantteiiongloeeftnsfbfarrsuauottenmgvggpaeemasrstytohsfrdwinoteahmryteahsytleeosilhuwryagvptgtoeooestssethotsnrimgtotihhnea.wagl tlhfyTotarhhstoeebdribmviofaefaadrecjirocaetrubonmictlisotuoeymlixalp,iptniooaosnntnuhedrenaettnhsdeoirf
: '
efvttlrooooneorwpmolmateuhatorSgiieflenphemmisitnlahctolugstooelulemsoircewinoafuxpantlcotSetasehendtreoerewddwnztsidottaoethsanbihi,grleledheilite.st,osasofwevoarxillthpnvihppitegleeihenvcattsethttoeihwocicdleas.oecptuiooanlTomdcsfbhiotpeerlyluoereursbseouse,nlfeelldattrthtsfhiir)venveaoewcmlltsatyiholitoloieirmlln.ideetoyivwssbGasoiiioplnrllleulaovbvftrealhialotseetyaisinutvcswtmeoooaimislillln.tophagscoesaTsntrehoghrepryefenoattsturfshphraneaie(tdlaeclmtbrwiipouosomhanlrkltaeaaesrtrfehgilcueioogirdanhnlyd
ssdbfcamoatuouhonrroeroppoemcdmvtmapphtpreeufTllhaeemiiaisseseehcttressisimreeecuc,sendtemroarctmhapevteoatnesiaooesomyo,irumvfmnhahplteayaStetaeoomliedltnnsnlwuosortesgunldeosniisvqddcrositeonaeeuasfnsr,rfoiroud,bmoidfacnflotttocedgpnhstncteeihhoiseeosnxtslaersautvpwfosssimineloeeelnionvttc,nfigwhownetterferdaeoaesidtoxtntrtahteiehpfhcoedtrsgyoheontusdrshgi.scnuosrbroeeheuogreexiTpeclnaspadasaehdtapo.reipresssabsasawmtutriotaGrugtraenanapipnetrclstceoslltioleifear,etquiifseskncrpunamnaeasiohdtgntdcoaafiorwttaywsiopfhsloeeeuuachulnSxflnotrainoptesfdnsooardraoetdsgfrcsa.wbddreeumitiediaanrhosaIwrstiecaenetnddhalcrtaypecamtotstreahurieoesmirtgmtexnlhhevdtmadhwuusoperlraurulnairiatneenncysetot.xkahcksipboeeinfisnondnnyougdgrgs.,rcrsfueefwihpwaoarsTuohcaoetfaemlehstftyremaeecawcrfnryrtrnedahocatsetlamciernkcrss
dweeipipnsnxxiooihfhpppmtrfeaeuooenshlosVsssa,ruuaetrotevrriahaloieeeannteln.hitdtksaiesolceneoirOdexzlityinalpotnhfhatfpoceitiuarssopoesinubnooicorinaronfecgtosrnrsuceeofttumnqiamhntSruimoeettiyanoisristflnudetholtssardtoiedhlftao,aaeierebrfdctdvseuehsuhaciodesltpbosdlioipvrmsoohiltieennrvlyaecnlagesdsntsttsn.lrtey'itiooniaosrcIbcflicnanrlbeocurorfeutbdsemsoihupoloinrenecianegallrghnsespiathessucesekta.vaprnaoinasuwnenfdepcEgtaoslrtSoerxtuaurtddhtprotahneieodtntdeirssenodgeu,ampirrbntrsgtoehoaudhrtsetrtleoehukesnumsorestnuvarolaivdaaraotiyilefltrln.ahansebsgctetateooierO,lutr.eihmnbratrheevtgccTosoaeoieurohanmeulitoettrhaspiifinnlenvnioynhgaktn,sdupesoeritsnmonnihuualsr,temacnissvhndassemn.doadoianly
67-14 STODDARD SOLVENT
67.2.4 Other Sources of Human Exposure
tf '
aAttSaigtenohhnxsutlfooopdtiobidhdssonreeeedodDsm.uuaefwsuaorrargitsmdgoGethhaiinsdnooarsigotnlofioraiufnulcaenpvosappcxdeaentnesrphinsontoideste.tttsrooxesucaiamcfpnasromteknetiercvahibsnteesapiesgetpladohnsgseiwloaoltncvottliateovcveftniroexetecerthnnsprseitcceucncaaecollennmenrttmideeavtaftrrnpeyronscaeooltortrnmoetiht.heotxeemhannprwtiIseteanlnesaaricgoahndriomergfainalnioelyanStrascnyaegttteaoiinobcvedndinlaxendoroSipyhtatletfaoh-raooxwcbdsleduplaulosedneotrsraiadsoaenoniurlfn.nedvtrtideneoetraTnsshncooSthedldalttoverhoirlynteiddeehtsnredecaeatlrralims.icemkarrhatedeaauanaDlrylnpriiesr,snedtoeye.gnaxlarv,wspcolsesEloitaeoannsoxtarethuepfetnxrarrioeptneludshraaesceeustis.clsrirutofmwueeodndsraeeillnlg
67J HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS ' 67.3.1 Animal Studies 67.3.1.1 Carcinogenicity ';eainmtmlcsihotnfehiieemdgdxn-eatiotmtrfutTitrwf)mwiriev.hceoaroeeuecmrhBloiascteaatoykdohldutindaonetnprtihrdtrtreeipeeooocvoavlndnoaeifeoumannlglucclotrdpciaatopncaoltuoeoccgernpdiomfcuenstitmnnthp(sshuwqtoioeessdugnhp.tyreaieitenentmentwesgsirtucotiosmitloutlthpeysfs(iue6nmaor.dcme6ierfaao%mlatldltsaelhiuxcioo(laCats8fiufvrlo36s,rcanaHt4eiiuUnala/cdodotH.baeSymaflle.ycePaScaJisnuost.)f)o,dnommdirs6nhid2icadsS.aoetdo5etrhf%aordwenipdtnahodstgesooreatteflrhctuva5dhoyomet0enexlnseodditomndprulsieov(aizcc9teret(ee0gneed3n.ladt92ypt..w%c0iaauo5ialHMnls)xi.btinmoeinyacgwdfoHcelveinauwdoovioesnwleibnutrhewumct,vhetiyeatetehhrl)o,ef it C 67-3.1.2 Mutagenicity *?'':MwoamAc(1hedfimol9etmlShu6seAaio8srSnelaui)mtmicnostalrdtdeoyenemsdnmrpiaeniePoapcrldsrlrehdasttotohaeirspmsydetoooy,lmadlpientvnouhhaeeasimlegnvsmerasitasteautcrIiyirotnovswiifseuvaantiamn0nisorttd.dueit0onsust8inumotecn7r.lta,tueissaoiivt0nNgnaai.sdnng2elouioe8gTfmntafi9ahAcittiasceeoin9invdsr8aiemttnn,eS0iritr.nt1ec8eori0lccs6tdeo0rhuh8tdne,rhleaatuoar1msrsmcl5edlwLi3enaa/5iuestskn,iovrssdgaelit1/tvytdhr5eeeaaoex3snilyntsc7toonh,wrfwuiaoanrimnhrtinenhigptdbc5heohevmrrr1diievstn5Coaeeo3uyodDh8stssf.eueyibsrnrmstaboeGtsteavttoshmohne(nc1reweswhtl9.yaeLe1immrntt45heTtap)1erh.ch7atreo8onoIlacYdwonly.nteiess.
STODDARD SOLVENT
67-15
673.13 Teratogenicity, Embryotaridty and Reproductive Effects
woVnghr1arniu0iastot0mstlhudoubotpTraeohrieyhcsartpsa3eht6irlro0fe-ewie10rfccv5eoeaivwoprntiwoueiepatorfrsbmaneoleslygxelsevfnpaeosafoos(terrst1asttiaet9utaa6rbid6ttsoeilie9hoinsabss)tonthi.ymuc(ae3arbifdeAsn6ltunle2hytidtr7nas-atsrt)lmhuiia.etlgeodyltanaixyTotitotiefenychnicddcipoetateyndfoneseladfotsmyfa1utwesuin0acnced0dtl6tcseeis-tredor1esCroed5a.blnDosa4yoest0iiefAmr0viangesPptpeeslIitsplanhetwmnaacceteltitsdaiertoootdoeeinfntora.ewctnelxhe,papseIisofnnoerwacstttthigeaeedhdeeldreenernTttnehcochesfieogoogrvmhreraoapstppfh6ietavoioxforerehlpnadtoorlubueseoslLvureserseuirsmltlesdotisatoiilfny'`
oHaiitonnwtsfoccsodiwrgifdeoeigeWceassvransteoeiaetcsuridtletoi,eapsonvrestn,eoyhlreefaes(axn2stpiwgds3kror7rhewosai,liteuecnead4htprta8eiionl2teaon,cexlosrxproo9wepor5avoesr0si9reseseeed5scodue3ororolftbatpn9eolsfp5deed3mmtraauivin)arpyselspedofcmsomro3ra(n-w,mo3t2tein3ma0tar3hitnindd4ilaodiaei)nlsnl.xyypgtstlrwodaNta3xyheee-iercce2rideriti0tbheaysoaelog..obsrefwesndTtegethrerhvemsfioetsfaraerdeftttaeiep6fotrlornonhorbtaodoo(lauux9dnrwic5ycyst0e/iidwtvigygpaerehypoiodtgumcohapcg)nttu.a.asri,ndrnIdaenoydaerslnatdohty6nhee-l1edy5
673.1.4 Other Toxicologic Effects
673.1.4.1 Short-term Toxicity
i
sbAp(o1po9limcvl7oien0Smnwg)totphtrdrioaldeTenahehgrvetedehnaelsoSusivoftnaoelto3vde-0esde7entafhr-tfr3ieedev8csa2ttsopoolxFoelfivrvcse(iet1tinlsuy5tdf3aooiu-erf1sms9ebdid4hloodatgChhvsna)e.daSwrbtacaoResodeatfdn5litaca1ssrc0hadhonapnpdsdpdoomulainvncoettmiennoidutllfctahboe1nyeuf0dfs9eCscam1adtm4sree0pemgaeffbntFltiartemesar(hren48e3aapnlheiCirdrpor)iuhioatraadasstnn.sidcotact(ai4a46t2e)0s.
csesvAiaDrrayofeasarlflmysoplseiipmvtrhocpcaedarEtapttcstaiiotitnitollsgoimoeia(nvhpnmv1ite,shtn,ei9laobyalh7wthstn.ltra1iooiecelo)cuorim(.Cnf1dedrsgo9suaoy3sr7trl3eassv1ei0ente7x)oenagn.0urx1n0tdp4daa4Aa0onhfp3tt0csdapeeeofdrpmpednaapmpvafermtmtdxuoaeobipulrlesoefonwvdioitosdalrbahunipwnseers8toiagehtnr8wghehor-tlilihoeotanetnuhonvole8ruigaeesnxs0etlnrtsph0rhaoioai8olnalspsf-5fhde,hpt-3dao4moba6nl3unoa3otrrdtuo-faip4oroeteps0rs1nfxlmpf2i4pe8gb'e0plochuFr0efhtsittorouo(priodltru1oopone8d6rsxmws3s.iep,h-chio2eohtbiBr0shlfuaueiy6oeodrtcmtrsdaohCtepodhays)(traole.e1oedsnrgcm9oieiosni7Emrsnha0wrxoadat)iiprai.tnldosaoswcrntslsTainaunu.outoshrndosr,ee,eSvaldiiodvtm1osve4esidel0yar.oersfe
mineRraelcstporirietst walh. i(c1h97m2e)teSxtpoodsdeadrdrastos,lvgeunitnespaepciigfisc,atriaobnbsi.ts,Tdhoegsanainmdalms ownekreeysextpoosed
67-16 STODDARD SOLVENT
8 hours daily, 5 daysiper week for a total of 30 exposures to vapor levels of 290 ppm. The only effects seen were minor congestion and emphysema of guinea pig lungs. the rGabrabnitt eryeepo(r1t9e)d. that Stoddard solvent caused li`ttle injury- on direct contact with ,
673.1.4.2 Chronic Taxidty
- sreptpthefrorfgeoraeetticoneinTtocisesnnhcruaeoaeoprrntxeifrpvceettreinhahsecerteteeuevtkdbtoouiiuddfbblbenayuhneerlyycetmaehselpaeiootninhrtfmdbeadmetaraslloiuarleaopelsenclkaecegirnthdp-sadtantteirsierbsh.aymlycettaTh(e2leotrih3hxnuie0zpagse9dnohed)rst.ouocbtprhthyoelaeenatrbtognsen.eeSsirnptTeaochlhrardreetedoeaapdlspiraemrdttehoiidntsyeoitdstlh(pvh2eoete3onsl0iaitt9tnrih)occg.eaniedupSeaosnreomfoscmxometiuemoaonxlrfateialctorafts to
-J-.:>(wwoscpSa2.toabtfrree3oprioueele0dtpitkckept9edeWtyxsiai)uat,n.f.rhrrooheaaaderdfecAnllneies8ttacooixohlnSulwptvachpsbcoeernereeseenmlgaukaltcegssrassolueveti,wrige.eantkrh-aiipnDicitstaIodlohnyalrtnma.ewonemmateyluaCtdeoailrynuchcrliehcunolealaranreannrerin.rcganadeyegetsesnseNsepF,jstdpuooiritsnrwnnanhcioctsneheeutiitcsroeevireoioeinreidnnnfseis3tennteah4tohcenhcap4flenedeunas1rrdreoeagi0taenhftl0mdcsuwehrmcoeoeaeaotrSragfensperler8egebersn,0esddoaes0watiugorlhnuaacwnepdttterlspeieiy-eoevrdmD.axneenoa,etbTtowsui6inusbnbhlewbesucehruueyerlvorrlereFaueivrseandriraessesftdceeesiahxlc.dpfliipeoetnainretdnoiThlrsctyf3heewhee,44ldemneii54attthapretodroalrxienaaitc8mtiyrsnrtseaahgtrtpeisyoe-nr
^?%`:..dosnfieonneovrasmeero6rotPtaihmtlhhoyeeioafrlulritineiarpszxctsisesgprdndeoaoaaisnnfwsiuidllecyhryda,eiEntf5wegrtaoanidsttmndpohaxiyr(wbisii1cntoe9pctre7(rheeffe4rflaae)eiwsscnxhietdpnesxigeo.ppcksaoouctsiorfinevonedtercge1oSurn0fppot4urrmatapFogtis/li4.udo10en2t-TsuCDwhba)aeuenwaeldaetklerfsevfy.exatocprptxTaoositsrhcsubietloreyyeegf.voaebdbnlTousstherfhoaorefvtusieiro3endnx0cw.e0indeseeoeTptknrohhsc9erer0aoef0attonewxpdripectrmihteye
'`i;: -
ettbdthhhmaoaeeyiplytsiklnItooanighydtnetenarrdetaihbh.ysnyiuemgdctPerhesihloadaaoicmnrlfailgniersp1ebt2ssdpuoGaodnatrs-yons2ti,dn0ebtCg0loeEiacCsgiritctdhaphiaenneeennngddit(tnui1etchhalr9aeee7lcer4aatetm)nornadboutltso.phtomn(obp1unssl9rereeo7nirrnon0evge-b)oetehdsunveenaexromcplpvfueheaoadCdrrstkeogirodesi-enCindsnmnattoo.hluaffebltieCuturhblraaseuartrtulpHsadrereayntogr.ctleeha3rnaTn'3esn-h0rWgdeaeypatisistpoatcmhna,oranfwvfocroeluhaurtinacdsd6he5d
mg/mIn3wahi1t2e-mspoirnitth, 8stuhdoyu,rsmdaaleilyS,p5radgauyes-Dpiaerwwleeyekra,tshaedxpaosdeedcrteoasveadpourrinleavreyls of 6500
STODDARD SOLVENT
67-17
wcchohnlioccrheinditenradlotiicanadgt,eaaabnnidlitaayln,tearinadctierocenraesiaendsetduhreninedatirsytaaclliadtcuteabxtucelreedteoiohfnytdhfreoolglkoeiwdnnainesgey a((L1m9D7iHl3d)).aamctmivoitnyi,umall of
7a2lipdhaNaytosicotosroxliivnceednfotfgeascttesvxawppoeorsreedlervefoperlosr7to3efdduaipnystmo(a13l9e771Hp)pa. mrla,n6-Whoisutrasr draaitlsy,ex5pdoaseyds pteor1w40eefklasfohr
iimrrrrgii/ttkaaIgnnn.tt aitAno2tmm8a-aadldlaeeyossa.denedIrotmffwea1mal0sa0tol0aexsmiaceingvt/iyekmrgseat,lusiidrtry(wis,tpaaSenstctoiadetsodmawborodadtsehsrnoaslotveetexnrierestrpiwatoatrants2te0dct0l)oa0safsmteifmagie/akddlgeoass(se2aa3no1dfm02)ao.0ds0eervaetree
673.2 Human and Epidemiologic Studies
673.2.1 Short-term Toxicologic Effects
wdoatP(o1fifehat9derih17trer5i0eShrg0)1tshe.soe5appdnvipmdraamiaanptinrndopddufrorftasorCecotsdooil1nugvha5uccetreeenmdn4.(t1t7irnid90Isaurn7typta5ienonpa)sennmsfesoeos.yxtucehopna,Tefendrnrwtiohcseottshaneueauscd,utmseyebda6,unj-hecoedhcoeynotuaetseuhsdrraaiomrotcefrahexitsttmehpaisxioitsbrisoarvrulinnaoetrdnalveuwneesnsptlh,ttriaieolonaeledsnrvohuoasaurclprleeemeoxxsprainipxaonaol,rsersrt.vcneeeoedpadltAuositcrsscoletouieeagftadf,hef5etvv0iecorad-xtrmp2siipzot0ioazt(r0tisi3nniu8lopgeer)npsv,e.smel:
days Icnahuasleadtiosnligohft 1te7m-4p9orpaprmy d1r4y0nefslasshofatlhipehaeytiecss(o1lv9e7n1t).for 15 minutes per day for 2
Acute exposure to Stoddard solvent was also found to prolong reaction time and ilmevpealsirosfho4r0t0-0termmg/mmJemfoorry35f-o4r0vmisuinaul tsetsim(1u9li7.6)T. he subjects were exposed to vapor
Dermal exposures to the liquid have caused dermatitis and jaundice (38).
673.2_2 Chronic Toxicologic Effects
empxeaprriorosNoduwsIrOehh.SayHvpIeonp(dr1luea9sss6tuir7alit,)aeldahneadixsnpriohnesepueaorxdretatsrecedhtmoenesu,ucnmeakyseneero,sow,undnsoescaebatushatensf(da3oi8rtf)hly.lroohnaigtg-htirercrimotnatcdieoennrt,mrfaaatltioiagnnusde,oivbnehoranlelaotniogn
pmfhauatorvanpelituSthbyrc,aeof,etoStnratoneaedtdxd2paam-lory.osde(eda2dser3or3lptavo2ete)ernSirobtteodopad.nnodedraTtrmehcddaearsrfboprooolauvnwtreientchnetay.ttsrpeeaoTsxcphphloaelrforseriieaaeidp.noelcafeAsetdtxhticpeeaosxauescntueoecrspmaessssiiyvea,seocifwnucoutceeiarrnrrledienhidfveayitpd2baeullro.eaprelsldIa3niksnintagtio,hmwweeansfsiratsot
67-18 STODDARD SOLVENT
tdsAfoieimupuatshneoosedpnn.saahylywIdnraeerlelvatekhemraegdilineesudeesr.cianomnngToddwdateocr6rai-ampsmteeeo,loenndbnttehonhrnsamempaaefmilrtneiaeeorxrdrhpe.oxyowpdsTurohhorseyuicshprtleoioonpredlSinaidtvsdoeiieddafdudo(,aar2lrs3dsyh3ema2vsd)peo.rltvaoaelmlsnoystebaoorefcsecanutnroertmaeckdoiiann4tgwrooerlre5 seen.
ASpyoumtteopnIpnttosiaymtlhlfsyeinitntdohcixnilriugcddssefroadeltvvapeelunacrtlapessdue(r2,am3,da3epr2rak)m.leldoarl,heyfxapptooipgsuluaers,eiaa.oncdcTushrlerigehpdtaloytivehenyrtpahoap2dl-aysdetaeicnribepdoenriueosdimn. garorothwe.r
*
. i
cblfpaaooseerrmrngmpfzeopoTeersoodnhmsspieiebbeteidl(lnofeo2o.no3umt,d3urTi2ytbthhee),.lelieooscmtnaanosucexoeetnithctwaospraaoyswgsseesacaanisornbtnslsfecieonblerutdunodit2.ve0risdduiTunyletheachalee-oarwtusnp,thoathuotoiiesetnuhshnfeaaeotldrrlcsymaumusriasenyvtesdiiedovolinoemoadtrowpsSxa.latiifccostaeAdcgtrdeoiavdsamlreidngpsSp-hottooltuyendpnnrdedeesadcsosrutlodosvclu-mevttcinyeoyhtpnnetwaisaisnnoslavalelnts
dpeorsmsiDbalteyirtmipseaarlnmedaxnpjaeounsnutdrlieicveet.or duOannmdeialugyteeead(r23Sa3tfot3ed)r.daerxdpossoulvree,nttefsotsr r1e0vewaeleedkslarteesnutltjeadunindifcoelliacnudlar
673 3 Levels of Concern
-rtpipmme,-OwwSeiiHtghhAtae(ds3-h5ao3vr9et)r-taecgruemr.reenTxthplyeospAuerCremGliiItmHs ietx(o3p0fo0s25u0)r0ehpatposms1e.0t0aptpimmea-ws eaingh8t-ehdo-uavrerage of 100
. 673.4 Hazard Assessment
saknidn tNpwaooincataidnrdcgiintsiotougndeaynliccwiotimtyhptemosnticseenhtuassvi(enagbceaaelcncioumcmomnsdeoruaccpitaelodfpfroooxrdiduSictztoeddcdoawnrtadaxinsaoicnlivgdesnStat.ondddAaertlhdifyesl-eotinlmveeent :v- Hgccmuolyoimlctcwuropoerlovnemn;eurecon,nlneettgoush.basetuitMtvreyeeslusturte(alett1sghs9uee1lnart4rsi)c,eiwpt1dyre9iorf6ddfe8iauc)ta.cualelstdoartaoeoblnitonaewtgienarietpndirvceieidtnefbonaerccrebaauaotcsfdteeosrqomiuafiantamhanneodtupsmlreectahsemelalnmlccsaeatlurioacdnifynoocatmenhldalessr.minouse
gmeastteaErtnixoapnlolywsutarosexiwociftdhpoorsueetgsne(af9nf5et0ctrpa(tp1sm9t6o)9()v3.a3p3So4tro).dledvaerlds osoflv3e0n0tpwpams, f6etohtoouxrisc dinailryatdsuorninlyg at
withAancuimtealexsptuodsuiersein(4d6ic)a. teLmonilgd-tenramrcoetxicpoesfufercetss raensudltirirnitaktiidonneyofdmamuacogues(2m3e0m9)b,ranes
STODDARD SOLVENT
67-19
pinacrrtiecauslearwlyithincmonacleenrtartast.ionThaendinecxidpeonscuereanddursaetvioenrit(y19o7f4r,e2n3a0l9t,ox1i9c7it0y).appeared to
vhcmhooeyynmapecdolieIotpainntclnoathgrsxhe,aiiuasctdm,ioaisaaannornndlsrvdsh,eonenaafaaptcrSslucaatowtnosettddeiicdcrefaexeaarpftndafiogeelssmucsuooterislaievn((e3v3(pn83o8rt,8l)o1v,.hd9ea7ud1Pv59c. er)e6.so7bl,oeeH2yne3eigng3,eh2dlni)nvo;iaksniepetddouairssnttdourcionaftnclahlctereeiaogxnraupt,treoa,hsirtuobirrowoietnneassvteiteocormna,n,vaierfnprraoyorutwohshdeeiugarch, e
67.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS dccmoooifasmltljtaeohpcDnreotceicneoctoeeonmfnrnrmtsooptmfcoiintanauateteethnrnigeoetotpsnsrs,riaieeotatsseftnerdnoitinbhtfaeueSitvtnietpevoidntredieadtsftloaiheercnelSdodctnceosotsdoaanodlmmsfvateipirSntndltuaetoetdsinhaoodatnlnasvvdreedtdnlhaubtes;beeomoehltrvnsooaeewtlniwvodetreeveysiane,ntrtahwi,nsfeiiotaerlhilldilynevsagaiarsn.rsedylftaTohwwtrhieivatetehtfheomercltloiaosmrnjwpeoceqeriencunaigifntr:iredcastions
cnbyr-acallnokcaahlnkeedasnaelskanes benzene and alkylbenzenes wmscsseblapcatbtGhihteophlonprneyeouuCpeeerilsdndpeundtdlanaoct/derhrzlcMtiiemrtdAcooeefepoitraaipstcnpssedaarScteneaba,rreioptcsdp(aroloime,cocw3tabtlngoee(amycu4htiiioe1rcdnmpetozn3manxa(4hhbeupme0pvtpps2dnitrar)nerofhoho2pcietrarilqarehan)ybosoaavcb.tuhpi/yertentceisewmfueeos,notneiediGtessAeniwttanotnaot..losshndnCtnvwos(sGosldaociiAainf.wuadosltoierCuahnpqlatlcd.rhgiSls,tneaqureeiiidttSoccGplnaeutceoreihtrrtsilltgoldoirColyosiuclutocdcedGzastaht/lhomdsahsMeiidrrolqCoenlryoeeaofesusndtSsir/ratrnhiMtcpnot.drdoomieoihsrtytentVfoSulrieesprsuSmelieovoo(idlvfcnmafsaGnellaollaeelauvmtiunsutrlrnddniCmesaoairmboplt.nntrle/y,rogcpsyliMoteeiloaona.slnecieeoIeei.mslSsotdt1gesrutdh)..)gnShecpms,fiaataxhahtarslotobnneentnuPomrnoefrndeeomilcuueabcfipntctmhn)irlcsuheAhdldzgntiesapsern,eeaneiosiliton,rnqbn,inwaioqaimnlaeeugoclgaliutyna,EarietharhnpisnhtsdnsatdatPdeiuohtooospn-orAmxogatlttlvhdpiereuhChrrtqiay,aalridaaeleVicuoypnoewnlp,nnmi(ntbaOgdhaGeibuhpslaat.nby,yeiehsAoyrbCdexd;seixowolnixtAeu)ysrycurtvtgrae;aesherltatiavanreaeqadaecsatneondnatculoctuir,hmdolioeyvtlimryo,ireesntnsadeaznoedsgetsorcsetaahpaaieiddstinmoocwsaflrcndahiourdeftaitmwepberitssnrenshyrleeiapdeosttecntbthsilonhGcoafiteepmoey,liynsCucanunlteuamttr,hfhtsogoieneieroesidln-
67-20 STODDARD SOLVENT wgdrctrahreoietsacuhacrhlseraAdleriocb"ltrtneteoehcdrortoeitrnsnaitafbqibtltceueuiosnvaovtetnr(ehlioty.ieiesef,to.ta,mdhtrthiaecevaefonaeiqmens"uudeomaerdeinloetoemduaanrssnemmdsnaaoietnnnlgaudyaorsbetufmsiaiorlosaieanitenldyt"eosraigacfnibraomsaglntovprrtrloiileumeecuntcshpeet.oltsovrcqrieaocuornafatelrndlcbiytofe;ilfmturyemoopxmrooteorfaneaeseatcuxhntrtsiatroepsnadneecw.c)tmi.iiftoTihencThthsicwhsioomeidmtdihs"lepaotaroeilrrnpemaehnntiydnhts,aoictsbiaeuolnt sapnedciA1ficdicgeo/tkemgcptfiooonrnennliotmsniatisqfueoexropSuetscotdseaddmartpodlebsso.elvinentthwe arsanngoet odfet1e0rm/iign/eLd;fotrheaqdueeteocutsiosnamlimplietsfor
615 REFERENCES tNhoetye:apTpheearnoinnstehqeuemnatisatelrnbuimblbioegrsraopfhyth. e references reflect the order of references as " 2. ADmoceurmiceanntaCtioonnfeorefntchee oTfhGreosvheorldnmLeinmtiatl VInadluuesstr,ia4lthHeydg,ieCniisntcsin(nAaCtiG, OIHh)io.1980.
5. ASprreinnag,fiJe.lMd,. Il1l9in7o9i.s:PoCihsoanrliensg.CT, oTxhicoomloagsy.PuSbylmisphteorms.s. Treatments. 4th ed.
V. 10. JCpWPHeolaanoalllnllnsuathni,thniainaBngnngsg.tR,t,so,a.PMn;nV.,;d.oAGDlSD.;.otCauuIn.lrS:dadfln,eiamUedrC,da..SIsRk,I..,..1LEM9.R7n;.9vWe,ipWr.Woo;rhntaimGttmNeearnoob-t.rreaeelEl,l,aPPNFteAr..CdWo-4t.;ee.4;nc0tvMM/i4ior-aano7yen9,sAmt-Ir0g.ie2Pe,n9n.;Btaca.y;lFa, nfoOaMdwtfealf-eib0rco2e,efy9J,bo1.,R2fW9.W;.Rpar.;tieorrity
19. CG.raTnht,omWa.sMP. u1b9l7is4h.erT.oxicology of the Eye, 2nd ed. Springfield, Illinois: Charles .. 23. YHoarwkl:eyV, aGn.GN.o,setrda.n1d9.81. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 10th ed. New
29. (L1A6e,voa,1i9Ala8.b3,)le,19pf8rr3oe,mpaLrToegedcPhbnyaicntahdlepDMaarteaadmbcaehtseeemrSdPearrtvoaijbceeacsst,e,,IPnIocsms.,uoNeneNawoC.Yo2ol4lrekg(,de,aNtC.eYdla.)rD.emecoenmt,beCrA 31. CLyhmemanic,aWl PJr.;opeRretyehEl,stWim.Fat.;ionRMoseenthboldatst., DN.eHw., Yedorsk.,:19M82c,GHraawnd-Hbiolol kBooofk Co. 34. Mackay, D. 1979. Finding fugacity feasible. Environ. Sci. Technol. 13:1218-1223.
STODDARD SOLVENT
67-21
35. M15a:c1k0a0y6,-1D01.;4.Patterson, S. 1981. Calculating fugacity. Environ. Sci. Technol. 36. M16a:c6k5a4yA, -D66.;0APatterson, S. 1982. Fugacity revisited. Environ. Sci. Technol. 38. OMGc.aPccu.kOpi.saotDnio,HnFaH.lWSH.(;eNaSllttOrhiScGoHfuf),idPReu.lSibn.l;eicsPaatfiorortnriCdNghoee,.m8Lic1Ja-.1l,2HJ3r.a.za1r9d81s.. WNIaOshSiHng/tOonS:HUA.S. 46. PPrhoilcatdoerl,pNhi.aH:.;LHipupginhceost,tJC.Po.m1p9a7n8y. .Chemical Hazards of the Workplace. 47. ANRvaegatiiioslatnrbaylleoItnfhsTrtoiotuuxgitceh EothfffeeOcNctscautoipofantCaiolhneLamilbircSaaarlfyeStouyfbasMntadendcHiecesian(letRh'sT(MENCEIOSD)SLDHAa)R.taSbassyeste1m98,4. 51. VSaaxn, NN.oIs.tr1a9n8d4. RDeainngheorldouCs oP.roperties of Industrial Materials, 6th ed. New York: 74. cMhaecmkiacya,lsDo;fSehnivui,roWnm.Ye.n1ta9l81i.ntAerecsrti.ticJa.lPrheyvsi.ewChoefmH. eRnerfy.'sDlaatwa c1o0n:s1t1a7n5t-s11fo9r9. 298. Air contaminants. 29CFR1910.1000 306. nSuambpea,rctlaBss,- lTaabbelle, spaocfkhaagzinagrdaonuds motahteerriarlesq,utihreeimrednetssc.r4ip9tCioFnR, 1p7r1o.p10er1 shipping 309. Constituents prohibited as other than trace contaminants. 40CFR227.6 355. Federal Register 1980. Water quality criteria documents; availability. 45:79318. 506. GNaatsieosn,aSloFliidrse. PQruoitneccyt,ioMn AA:ssNocFiaPtAionPu1b9l7i7c.atPiornopNerot.ie3s2o5Mf F-1la9m77m. able Liquids, 507. MmaanteurfiaacltuSraefrest.y Data Sheets and other safety-related data from chemical 511. E0AH7na6vmt,aireyPotaBhnmom8ad0e,-n2fHot2ar.1Kl0d.0R;e5teC.esrehmaernicn,hinJJgL.a;tbhdoeerVactoeomrrayp,,aEtCi.biRnil.ci;tinySntoaeftpi,hheaOnzHas,r.dRoE.uDsP.;AwSaRtsrteeopsm.o,rMtDu6.nL0i.0c,/i2p1-a98l800-. 535. SCuobusntacnilceosf. E4uMroapyea1n97C6.om(7m6/u4n6i4t/iEesEDCi-rOeJctiLve12o9n, 1t8heMDaiysc1h9a7r6g)e. of Dangerous
67-22 STODDARD SOLVENT
536. C19o7u8n.c(il76o/f65E9u/EroEpCea-OnJCLom22m2,un14itiAesugDuirstec1t9iv7e8)o.n Fishing Water Quality. 18 July
537. SChoeulnlfcisilhoWf Eatuerros.pe3a0nOCcotombmerun1i9t7ie9s. D(i7r9e/c9t2iv3e/EoEnCt-hOeJQLu2a8l1it,y1R0eNquovireemdboefr 1979).
538. C19o7u9n.c(il80o/f68E/EurEoCp-eOanJ CLo20m,m2u6nJiatineusaDryir1ec9t8i0v)e. on Groundwater. 17 December
./^ 542. 2C0ouMnacirlchof1E97u8r.opean Communities Directive on Toxic and Dangerous Waste.
652. Vesatilmueastiwoner(eSeesetiImnatrteoddubcytioAnr,thVuorl.D1.).Little, Inc. using K^, as the basis of
787. ...:
7MLAOC5auoca/but4groe0uncblh9scleit/inlEr1g1Eo9917fCo6907f7E,;;9uD71,ar41as8o/n31pJag/u4e4me4la6ry/neo7En1u/ECEd9seC7EodS5m,C;u2mb,b79ys26ut9/6nMa99ni0Jta/ci7u8ree/l1cssEyh/.EED12E1C9i7r98C,e73Jc,13)ut;.01inv97eDe3Me/1o1c9na4e6r6m7cC/.hEbla(Ee61srCs79i6/,f159i9c42;7a586t7/i;E0Jo/unE71n,98Ce/P98/a3-1Ec19OEk/7EaJC3gE;,LiCn11g,4961a5,nd16
,,,967. Vcitaeldueisnw9e6r8e) estimated by Arthur D. Little, Inc., using Method 1: Acids. (As
; 968. ALEysrtmtihmaunar,tiDoWn...JL.T;ithtPleeo,tCtIsHn, cER.,M.GAE.coS1rT9n8p5P.raoCrgkrH,aEmCMawmEabSsrTicdrg-eeaA,teMdPAro(ga0rn2a1dm40isf.omr aCinhteaminiecdal) Pbryoperty
1219. Values were estimated by Arthur D. Little, Inc.
1422. EAxmaemriicnaantioPnubolficWHaetaerlthanAdssWocaisatteiwonate(Ar P1H6thA)ed1.98W5.asShtianngdtaornd, DM.Cet.h:oAdPs HfoAr.the
...1793. 3P7r3opFoisnaall.fo4r JaulCyo1u9n8c5i.l Directive on the Dumping of Waste at Sea. Com (85)
1914. pCVPCeraootilnlnrlu,wocmleRaetyeu.oW,mnVC.;IS.h.CcLyi.A;edanprnSotpecic,flhaiiecMrrdebPi.onLTune.bo,sr.lx,eiisMdCchso.ea.AlrocAs,Fg;,ydaICrvnolraacfan.ngcPdge,e,stHSrion..TNle.M.u;1moH9d8oHe4lm.dysdMwrEuoonctrvaatihgrrbe,ononCinmc.sEi.te.yn;PterMavilnaacTlceuGotaoxrtniieco:gonolorog,fyJ..A;
STODDARD SOLVENT
67-23
1967. fpNorarotdiaouncrateslc.oIDmnsHmtiEetunWtdeed(fNorsItOaOnScdHcaur)pdaP..t.uiobOnlicacclautSpioaanfteiotNynoaa.ln7ed7x-pH1o9es2au.lrthe t(oNTreOfiSnHed) 1p9e7tr7o. leCurmiteria
1968. Gacoticvhiteyt,oBf.w; hdietMe espesirtietr.,InCt..; ALrecohn.arOdc,cuAp;. DEenkvniruodnt., HGe.al1t9h845.3:L3a5c9k-3o6f4.mutagenic
1969. oPfhitlwlipos,hyRd.rDo.c;aErbgoann,soGlv.Fe.nt1s9.8T1.oxTiceorlaotgoigsetn1ic:15a.ndAbdsotmraicnta.nt lethal investigation `
1970. vPCaeaptrroporelsneutoemrr,ShtCoy.ddPdr.;aorcKdairnsbokolenvaedtno,txEicT.Rioty.x;iscGtouled.airAeysp,.pDIlI..IL.P.Ah, anJrrimm.; aaScluoalll.nivd3a2nh:,2u8Lm2.Ja-2.n;97Kr.eisnpgo, nJs.Me .to1975/
1971. vPCaeaptrroporelsneutoemfr,"h1Cy4.0dPr.f;olacKashrinbkaoelniapdtho,axtEiicc.Ritsy.o;lsvGteunedati.re"ys,.TDVox.iLnic..o, lAJ.rnA.;ipmSpuall.lliaPvnahdna,rhmLu.amJc.o,alnK. 3irn4egs:,4p1Jo3.nM-s4e.29t1.o975.
1972. eRPxhepacertromirma,ceDonl.t.Ea9.l;:a2Sn5ti7em-a2ad6lms8.aonf, lBon.Lg.;teJromneesx, pRo.sAur;eStioegmeli,nJe.ra1l9s6p6i.riEtsf.feTcotsxicoonl. Appl.
1973. cVhiraoun,icGa;llyBeerxnpaorsde,dAto; Laa"uwwheirteyss,pRiri.t"19s8o4lv.eDntis.taTloxtuicboul.laLr edtyt.sf2u1n:c4t9io-5n2.in rats
1974. dSPephairlraliogpmue,a-tRDiz.aeDwd.;lewyEhgirataents,s.pGFir.uFitn.da1an9md8.4C.A1Sp0up-Cbl.c1hT1rooixsnioiccpoali.rna4hf:af8iln0ai8tci-o8nh1y8ed.xrpocoasurbroenofin
1975. Pofedheurmseann,sLt.oMw.;hCitoehsrp,irKit..HI.. 1T9h8e4.eBffieoccthseomficaal6phaotuterrsnsiinngelexpdeorsiem.eAntcatal .exposure Pharmacol. Toxicol. 55:317-324.
1976. PGsaymchboelroagliec,aFl .f;uAncntniownasl.l,SGca.;n.HJu.ltWenogrrkenE,nMvir.o1n9.7H5.eaElxthpo1s:u3r1e-3t9o. white spirit. II.
2012. WU.aSs.hEinngvtiorno,nmDCen:taUl.SP.roEtnecvtiiroonnmAegnetnaclyPr1o98te6c.tiQonuaAlitgyenCcryi.teEriPaAfo4r4W0/5a-t8er6.-001.
2228. EWnovrilrdonHmeeanltthalOHregaalnthizaCtirointer(iWa 2H0O. )Ge1n98ev2a. :SeWleocrtleddHPeeatlrtohleOumrgaPnriozdatuicotns.
2257. JSaWoaSiannolktuFetCrrha,onJnLc.fioDseucr.;ioes.niCaconelawocenrllu,tdhRee.RoPi.rl;eevPmeentprtlaiookyniisn,agnLdc.o1Cm9o7pn5ut.treoArlizsoetfdudOmyilaosPfsotslhlpueetcibotrinoo,dmepegptr.ray6d.0a1Itni-o:6n05o.f
67-24 STODDARD SOLVENT
2309. TPGPkiohr.dPixinnl.il;cceipoeyTstloo,hfungoRynr.S.cpDtceVi.i,o;eonnJlCutJiaom.f;ncickdeWrPVeseutlIalrb,Iuv.lBceistRr.hu,YeerN.nresa.1,Kiln9I.8En,m4cfe..fadeElsce.ftfsrAeacodttsfv.oaPMnfectcereehosrlltmeianuianmnM,lioHMgdhye.tdAmrh;oycEdHarnreobvmcioarnsortsbnr.eomPenetrs,ninotHacnIel,ton:
2310. sAtundonieysm. Pouessti1c9id8e7.a"nFdYTI'os"xictoCOhTemSicinaclluNdeewsn.egMaatirvceh21,82,-D1D98E7.bpio9a-1s0sa.y, human
- 2332. 3aSn8c:o1at1tn,9a-Jl1y.L7si2.s;. oC(fAartsthwcirirttiyegd-hnti,innGe1.cE9a6.s;7e)Ws, ainntdrorbeev,ieMw.Mof. t1h9e59p.erAticnqeunitrelditearpaltausrteic. Maneedmiciaine-
2333. Braunstein, LE. 1940. Subacute yellow atrophy of the liver due to solvent. JAMA 114:136-138. (As cited in 1967)
i' "0
3005.
GGEAoxCovpveGoerrsInunHmrmeeRenInetntacadollimcIInemnsddeufunosstdrtrrai1aital9ilo8nH8Hs-y1yfg9goi8iere9nn.1iiss9ttCs8s.8,in-11Tc99ihn88r8n9e.a.sthAi,omlOdehrLiiocia:mnAitmCVoearnlifuceaernsenaCcneodnofBfeiroelnogceicaolf
/ 3016. QAluaaslkitayWStaatnedrarQdusa, lliatystSatmanednadredds 119/78/78.7.AAlalsakskaaA, dTmitlienis1t8r,atCivheapCtoerde7,0W. ater
;3135. WCaotmermQonuwaleiatylthStaonfdVairrdgsi,ni1a1/S1t/8a8te. Water Control Board Regulations 1988.
3205. oaEhnfixsdxtsoooTpnlvo.aextn1hic9to-8lcSo4uug.tbibTcsayStcaCkfniAnctedyssip.neegcUsr.8Suf(o.sert)-Epdnsreuverbivmrmeonaniltsmisvcioeean.nrctWai8nlaoEPsghHreionQntege-stc0iots5in8ol,in4fD-e0At.5iCmg1.e:7en.OcsySkf.uifnimcempaoairfnytPinoegfstisctuiddeys
3220. 8F/l3o0r/i8d8a. Water Quality Standards 1988. Florida Water Quality Standards 17,-3,
3334. wJahkiotebssepnir,itB.iMnh.;alHataiosns, iUn.;thJeuurla,t.FT.;eKrajatoelroggayar3d4,(S3.):4119856. . Prenatal toxicity of
3430. AEhM11onsa-lsvd1suik5irrn,aoagrnn1imcn9tie8eme.c8n,e)UtsaMV.Slo.o.PPfl.E.re;onnIJtIvve,oiicrrhptooni.nonsHnmmon-eeA2,nn9gLtt.aae.nllHcPs.y;armHoStpyoemllceltaspi,dooanisnyiu,AmPSgr.eoKoncn.ceye1W,d9i8Wan8sg.atsesRhoTeifncegotshtmtoiennmg,UeDannnidCtdaedt(QiJoSuuntansaleitfteoysr
3432. Massachusetts Water Quality Standards 1983. Massachusetts 314 CMR 4.00.
STODDARD SOLVENT
67-25
3501. WNeawterYSortakndPaurbdlsic, CDordinekiRnegviWsioante,reSffteacntdivaerd1s/91/98899.. New York Public Drinking : 3539. rOuclce.upFaetdio. nRaelgSisatf.et5y4:a2n3d32H. ealth Administration 1989. Air contaminants; final ' 3587. RWeagtuelratQiounaliNtyo.st2anadsaardmsenfodredS.urface Waters of the State of Arkansas 1988. ~' 3627. TsStceuhrdraieteoisngeteron,iecCvah.Alauzaa1tr9ed8sr3.e.ApPrdeovtd.ruoMcletoiuvdme. eEafnnfedvcirtpsoe,nt.irnoT;leoAuxsmisceoslps.rm3o:de2nu9ct-t4so5:f.ARebprrioedf urcetviiveewaonfd 3672. QSouuatlhityDSatkaontdaarWdsa,te2r/8Q9.uCalhitayptSetran7d4a:0rd4:s021.989. South Dakota Surface Water ;3683. dSotactuemWenattaetrioPnr.oDgreacmems bTeerle1p9h8o8nethSrouurgvheyF1e9b8r9u.arPyer1s9o8n9a.l communication and 3719. SNteabtrea, sTkiatleW1a1te7r. Quality Standards 1988. (revised effect.ive 8/29/88). Nebraska 3852. WWyyoommiinngg WGraotuenrdQwuaatelirtsy, R12u/l8e4s. aCnhdapRteegruVlaItIiIo.ns 1984. Quality Standards for ; 3853. WWyyoommiinngg WSuartfearceQWuaaltietyrs.RCulheaspatenrd IR. egulations 1984. Quality Standards for
COMPLEX MIXTURES
ottetfohhhxfreeepesetainerhnraiitlmmstieueTrealrraentheesctcisrtsahoiiloaawfcnlpfhsetistanhlelcpdeo-radtisfnnemergatfvhaissndateeercreryedlaaoiplcassaogtlecirrwvlctoytehoeiutradahpidtsniigaionnpsrgfocetusodchtlsomoiteieimbmnptflphteolase.olet,xleuoolrInwmyrotdiuinussxtthhgtteiwuoelicuroazheslsefdtadoasmprynbtaaonedengdrt/dheosnif.reoicpsetoicdreslno,dadbas,tsiashthbieonoolyfnewfcosceae.rovrsmmeesTarupr,rhloyeatefuthslibneaenucdtgttfseat.ihfdcnoetglToilrnrocheswodemmicseaafpnotnnhotrysmseiinotaaoiffdtoluudnttueehlsindoene,cfdee dpwcthlreaeaoplstlpseneiaonrsdfftioiTwnecrhsgiomtemhaoacnpttgcyiooeopfuonroincgdrawrdimnlasagupcswlhoatamiaotcvsiopatlgnhiooli.canevabeeitlMnnnieo.t.tsanennsaPydnhoedoyfdfspaiuctprhasopeled/r.scuoehxceFitmmmuuiriaxsctttehaeu.lerrcepmosrImoonarppreseeoo,rsmbtitithleieeoesnncdofaofeostrdefemsnt,tuhotwleahmetemirrooeeidnxfisnotfuyrovretaet,rhsaytevhaiawrreieiltparhbphalynrseosgeiveaociarsdfoleovndraratiihfseed seencvtiiroonnsmInoennatdthdaientidopnraintbcoripiteahfleocvdoeamrtavpioefnowrenotthfsetahmnediirxtmtuoarxjeiocriittysae.dlfd,ittihveescohfapthteer mthiaxttufroel,lotwhesiralfsaotecoinntathines
HYDRAULIC FLUID
CCHOEMMIPCOA-L
sm oN
Mineral Base: Synthetic:
-
WLOiicnalhteiaeanrirnwieandantdoeairllbiperehmamanuutcillhcssseiioodnnss ASSOPPPPOCiiooohlyrlllkelilligocycyycyflasaopigbolpnnatnlhauyehitleectecoiaesnpedoltneiyshlegsstelaateoseetrremisrostctshmesererasrstsics
68-1
REACTIVITY
dsgcahoccohMsmttloonarxeyerarammastidadoosdetsentrsnentrpbis,vioyrrzg.mgfruacoiifiiancihsranisorrltnagiryesgeexoiOtbdedbd,iuimdmdooroltusaehoaninxicanznouesfiaiyoedd.nrnelpdrrviirgcursdzatta,aHefiroyirlnflatspxipaalyiucgoguvaionmedaceuliecsstddrsanssimeedoosg.tois-nmsrcstae.bfpy,anbRaymfprrahtollyS-ibeesneayrmacu.saomgdybamcaecnarsoehmtrxRseenaaifipvvulctiaesyacbeloigolbuaotrirallncycclbspyeivseasoitcsieeofiihsltntorodlsgnyaauloshnae(sp,zniifx2er,sdssaiocwi3eacetsrrdgewasd,tdhsloelmycisli5siaftymlcnot0haneyofmoa5ydioiplrrsn,terpiebchixeccfana5helalootptetalc0chyhlmslilnltml7adboeeyeuid,onprrissmdlwsioneeaei5voet,pvoasti1yetifmeuobe1bohwrsllsv)rulveto.eiaestexbrhtrwiisedob,ieuteshs,
CPHHDEYAMSTIICCAOA-L
AVSFBFODFPCOallrhouaoeddaateyinblptdoosmloeosshlior.rrezniiim:rc:gtneCgTaPyn/daPlM:oohOibPYtnrirSalinodeeeeeeo0tnitslo,slann.t:dslh9Lrtoutie0loPn:iwTrep:mV2loesdre0As:iaio1m:bntLirds9rrtgtip:i:uNo0o:e/qN.mw.cs:u5ostoNnNNLi0lwdi;doNgodoita(htvtato(oahtdatatatapaptr2dapteie28aae2marr07st0rttam.iti8Cnwnicc0oe)e)iunntnClhitataruse
(((622032))33) (((662003)))
68-2 CPHH(DECYAMoSnTIItCCA.)OAL
HYDRAULIC FLUID
VHBLSSS(Puooaiioeasoilrtnglucrcfrot2baoAi(ys0ctinOi'lidetsicotCycs.nyTot:L)arFeaCinpnnaw5o.ocs6ltieWC-.ooCf0Wrnfoa0o.::)et0an:eftsfrNet.3t::orN:6o.oN10NdN50oado0otat.atd0otda0aaa3t0tvaa7ac.i5pla0b(daletyn4e0/cCm)
(21) (60)
PINERSWTYSHIASSETTTEEESMRONICLE- T
ibmtHMmoiayoamyhddjoyreobrodgbecrrilaoaloemrldsybsaoasotindmsinode-enrabcanp.ahtdesOearelnsbydtihiissometfmdelruonesiebgtdsaristilarneeedarraa,tvehntoeiedotleahnxsmte.poirliueilzc/cagathnertiddooleungstnsoldayp-ncbwodeelra-stabhieeasirgrtsehoesnlbdyytisctodeimulse.
PEAXTPHOOWSFUARYES
wsTmieasnuosnahipgipdntleee/peegscrplrptriioiaaerodollsiluy-rnmlyonigmnaidlwlykrta-hiycibywtnoohaapglbsssteaefe.ewotdrhboaaRwadsfntleysauuersiyanidtmdresoosemupof.ffponnrpcitoItsooolntainrenthsgechstauxeaelwrrpenafnxctieiactipocochfntoenaretshnodawuemydmrxadteptopritenaohhprabuseoautledstiirochpresniwhisnfglaakuonatyiiifenndfifdgsgceo,rasrwotneuatr.ntsedr
HHEADAZALATTRAHD
eSMiPfn6yiugg0ielnnemiisscmtooiannaonalntadrgycoatSfsiyrtmhmrryoaitpdiyantrtotpaiemoursnoltsiidcnmouaffaclluyeStihdrriraoserc.sritutt-alDittrteiirrofairmntroa.rmthiHoenuaamspimsairaneayxtEpiooexcnccp.tuoersdS.ukrfeirn:omor INCPGEtLrAraoTPeieaRrnnAPgrcgoCvni-tnlTaopo---nxehgciroecvmNNNsni/tpiNooovchEieatdddDfoytfaaaneaetttCctaaaacattlos:ea:nsDtsNaiPfamoiotcaisand:stiaaibotnNanlte:so.ndeautraopathy due to
PRHEACNADULTINIOGNS (60) ....
Wear protective" gloves; goggles or faceshield.
HYDRAULIC FLUID
68-3
ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCRCITUEPRAITAIONAL STANDARDS AND
AIR EXPOSURE LIMITS:
StaOA(n1dFS5a-HOrmdASisHn)TTW-5W0A0A(p)8p-(hm8r-hTr)W: A)p:etrpoelteruomleudmistdililsattiellsat(ensap(nhatpnha)t-h4a0)0-4p0p0mp;pmSTEL C riANNNteCIIIrOOOiGaSSSIHHHH IRCTDLELLLv(H':15:(-p3me0pti-rnemo)t:rlienou)lpe:meutmprdoeilstdertiuioslmlltaeiltuleadmsties(stdnilia(lsnaptitahlelptsahht(eatnhs)a-a3(p)n5ha0-tphnmhaotg)nh-/e1ma8)e3-0s10t0a,mb00lgi0s/mhpe3pdm WATER EXPOSURE LIMITS:
DrNinokniengesWtabatliesrheSdtandards EPNAonHeeaelstthabAlidshviesdories and Cancer Risk Levels WNHoOinDforrinmkaintigonWaavtaeirlaGblue.ideline E PAH- uANmmoabncireHinteetarWilothnatee(3rst5aQ5b)uliaslhiteyd;Chriytderraiaulic fluid is not a priority pollutant. A- quNaoticcrLiteifreio(n35e5s)tablished; hydraulic fluid is not a priority pollutant. OFthoielr tadanosdmteGsesrateincadsweoad(t2oe0rrs1s2ut)hpaptlye:mVanirattuealflryomfrepeetfrroomleuomil parnoddugcrtesa.se, particularly from For aquatic life:
- Tcdoeonmptoirnnousttearclattfelsodewvheri9ga6hl-hismouuspcroerpLttaCinb*tilisfthryeosutholdwoaibtleseraranendddupcmeedtarroaicnhheeumsnpdiecrcaeildes,s-f,otheldae.chlowheasvting a - leefvfeeclstsotfooitlhseobriopteatrsohcohuelmdicnaolts bine tahlleowseeddi;ment which cause deleterious - svuergfeatcaeblweaatenrds asnhiamllabl eorviigritnuaallsywferleleafsropmetrfololeautimng-dneroinv-epdetoriol.leum oils of REFERENCE DOSES: No reference dose available.
68-4 HYDRAULIC FLUID
REGULATORY STATUS (as of 01-MAR-89)
P roFmeudlsvQOa(ego3anraieu5radltya1relanc)dedP.nexedriRWpcsoEtaegegiafgtrnnrfteauegldegumalrioaesnssortAengiiuotecaronstlrcniseemus(ntdi,ChtdeaaWeestnriigtodAyntnph)aeseefteffloodgurefencniooenitrnldavsualtesnatnpndrtrydieogat(nrrr3deae7asla6stp3eam)on.eeldlxnuitgstaturnieidntgseulailunalnmteidsoo.ensrtsLtpfhioomeriniCtntaWetiwoAns TMA6mrafre-nomomuapdxmsnreoitocurtnrdifttctSiaehuhmascuecnttbetiuirntsivrPhtetteeaefyeforrntloesrbvrcrfmoaefealenlsnniescnzeudtCegu(smn1ro,po9eonrasf8Ittononr7cc(xdos)1reti.lus9c.iostid8Aunto8eytrcc,e)stop..gmeoe(tTfuInTrnteoitSactshlegieCtetrieuyniAnmm.Cgi)c.,wiTrtaeyihIrlp,tloeodmbcrCeoteavs,,ntecisfmcloirosnauthpsdcsymttudoioecbrfnntoeeetcdaitasshlurbybobtyloobmtxnottaiilhctuifteinreteyeadn,dcetasiot n ctnhMOtheoaorcenarnaeymrt-ataibonnclmiegaeoseindasnnPcuasbdrcmnuoyeitpmtmssepi.ncopuhtgnrlyiPaosostoethinicrrfviaambeRlkti,eitnetiecnsodtheahweaptaehnmrptxeclicoihscceumraapcalnasthnurtodswirscnphhaeSbeeeraicemneontnlecieovtcdtxhgiuareeilaccomyraancirploeamctsnrpieensfrAntrooiptocgtcurmteeoeensrsnsste(e,thManssremtePsaineaurRrsteaartSpthegnArigeeaod)uncnlsylsee-atatoroireox(nni3cds0e9air)fne.dd EaOnmcc8pu-lphoaoytueieronetaixmlpSeo-aswufeertieyghtaotneddpeHatrveoealrelatuhgmeA(dcTitsWti(lAlOa)tSeoHsfA(4n)0a0phptphma) (s3h5a3ll9)n.ot exceed HTalashabzehealaiDrnzdageorpduaaosnrudtMmstaemrtnaeantrtseioaprfloisarTltTsarratwianohnsnispcpoh(or3rt0aat5rate)it.oiosnnubhAjaesccttdet(osHigrMneaqTtueAidr)epmeetnrotsleufomr pdaisctkiallgaitnegs,
StatAAssNetplaLPelWtcDLesitafWairStceteTRegrnsAusuPlTham(ratsEoieevgoSreerniacsaWm,dcesraoiitptteehtrreeidraE:xbEpyPoAnsuarrArematLibvimieenirttsefWseercaettnieocrenQ)ourasablitythyerieCrlirspittrienorgmiauthalgenadted AAh15ylLadA/srikogSac/KLahrAbafosornastowitnaatlferhreysqdhuraoalcniatdyrbmcoranitrseinraienodnsu1fro0frac/tehg/ewLaptfreoorrtsetc(o3tti.a0ol1n6a)or.of.maaqtuica. tic life of AAorrRk1Ka5nAsmNasgS/LrAeSqmuairxeims uthmatwohilenanddiscghraeargseinsghatoll snuortfaecxecweeadter1s0 (m35g8/L7).average
HYDRAULIC FLUID
68-5
wwFFlLaaottOreeirrdRssaI((Drn3e2Aaq2vui0gi)ra.etsionth,aitndouilstarniadl gurseea)seanndot5 emxcge/Ledfo1r0amllgo/Ltheinr CsulrafsasceV MowMialaAtseaSsrnaSsdcAh(g3Cur4sHe3ea2tUst)seS. EroeTfqTpueiSrtersolethuamt tohreigminaxniomtuemxcedeisdch1a5rgmegc/oLncinensturraftaiocen of wNNaeEbtBerraRssAk(3aS7Kr1eA9q)u. ires that petroleum oils not exceed 10 mg/L in surface kNNeEerwWosYenYoerOkiRnhKdasrinsektinag mwaaxteimr u(m350c1o)n.taminant level of 50 pg/L for pSSoeOturUtohTleHDumaDkoAptrKaodOhuaTcstAsaiwnastuerrfaqcuealwitaytesrtsan(d3a6r7d2)o. f 10 mg/L for all VVhyiIrdRgriGonciIaaNrbIhAoanssainwagtreoru.qnuda-wlitaytesrta(n3d1a3r5d). of 1 mg/L for petroleum g3aWWr8no5ydYuo2Onm)C.dMlia-nwsIgsNahtIGeIarsainasdwreIaIqtIuerigrreqoduuantlodit-ybwesattavenirrdst.uaradIllnyoaffrde1de0itiomofng,o/LiCl lfaaonsrdssIugrrdefoaamcseeesw(t3iac8t5e3rs, P roFpeodsNeedroalRfePedgreuorglaarltaimroensgsulations are pending. StatNeoWstaatteer rPergouglraatmiosns are pending. wCMpMrhhoOoaespnnStogTssteithnsaSegtTyaersAcbehTaeaprcEneroSgomiejnesectttfhoeindetahplf.oerirorCc1ero9sens8gt9uao-lc9fat0triwoe(vni3tis6hsi8wn3tghh).ietchhsetiawrtielwl oafftoeflirlcoepwrroiEsgPraaAdmv'ssisecadhn.adnges
68-6 HYDRAULIC FLUID
EECDoeDtccAitnhhDnaoripiteergmvrriopcsraeierpeigreccnngoorcottorosniotpuvohuigdumrvnueabeiniedsannlesdscoostntdihengact-o,ianewnmrrnaGcmagnetesrtecsudhueaoortesbusimamunhsng(artoapiideoqen.iloen-llsue)W.ugira,bcdrnaotevaoeidlofcitueasretoomnaeriratpdlknegsen-eevdraw(drniaa5nrcannt3ooosbtoae8uneplygac)rbmhehetsmonisy(etossiiadnen.acpenmrtrh.,ocp,tybocehsrwasreurtororooibpwtbuushecpohstgrooanrihtuuccnesiheontvcgsmiteesrprmnsoipienpteuawrosryncui.oohnodnrhifdlcodaiivohbrrstirmii,eatopcesntodtushsu.dbtsechiseshorscaioshqlu)augraohgtfiec wsplDPaureaikrorttefredeasocru,clstceei(veu2inoem)hfsoaimutnrphcmrpehFoafduirwqstulhauceiatatnefsnfgrdetmeicoWtttiureesscasfttitonaetrnhrbmoOalQettschub"to.haehaelytiyptid:nyrrgeoss(c(e1a5on)r3ntb6foo)mtnrh"mestaabalmsetdveoisnstiioobdflefawisnfhaidltmeacrny-odpcn,oriu(nt3rhi)sdees and TDtpthhrhieeoreyedscumhmtceiavaellneyfadisonahvnotiotswrtibybhhleeiescphpQferiuclhemiasafelisicnotayhnttaiiRortnhmneesqsfhuusfeliourlrlerefffdipafsehceocettfrwsooSalfoehtenuterhmlletfihinshwehysasudthWcerehroalcltafaqeinrsurbhdsao./nontr(si5tai3sep7sd)eecapisfoytsoitthaotn bcwdOcaDoaniehirsarrdcigcsdec/hatiohcinaansrtlcroioivhggoshweseaedauarnoloogetosrenefgredooestmtrnhfhiwsiensehs,suitsuteooiDbhmorsosinigtsnuauacanlbtsnhantsncaapotfedaornprsgnoidhosedcwaoruershorsddapfifsecuahi.rnhDctaihtevtaoAoheenwsradg,givaszreyetfpaorersteuoortaiteosnmurm,nddsot-elaeweSfloqrreuuafortumbteimazetrsotertiihrr.oacmiyonuad-eecslnmreewoevsmbcfiarfeatieo(rsre5csnbrti3csmooo5nonou)esnrnn,attptisrnhpiteeclesairetnnsanastotloet wDqccsAaauoonnuanicmmdrdasyhetn/ppoecptio.wrotinhtiuuvysaednnt,esnaidtdsonleopslsl,aa;nottc(asuilwooeenTrmsanideotd,,hxopoiepofccfcshuoacttyamnaerhsnbdrcipedtlcsiaion;asmiuDlohnongmeaardtetnngheonsdagn;oxinectidccc,ri,sceyhoo-afaeuahfrnnmensadicuddliWtocnesdagssd)aalie;etnsnsecrethgshtetaceahsaorulkrelomsiarnu(eksc5pdgset4oeaeww2urfnpo)inadhsrdtsaiictasdceh;rrsisesocppcamihonnorrraosdcoditdlniumocugdorceipfienogostgif,lnhysehpcuooyhcflcehdlniscols SDPclptta(ahhslcueeaiobeectrtbsleyrroevssloCorcitiefalndlatnlieeiraengavuutedsncsemmsr)ecci.esafoeoigsancan(uwnan7sfltdlitdia8aidthot7hmeieccn)oroom,tneCaahds"Pallle.abattpspcalaseB'rkrrriefeoaspiddcgcucaiiaeaibssnrdutttsaigiiutsoll'talelrniaaaone.tntonsceedPefsssosatLauw(chenatakiexnldtbaichdnvegltuelaihfainddrlneragiiigeasnirnhbagosllnueaftpdthbbhoDcejeioLoenalscmiDatnnetsbggipretuebooelsrsisechenoilptdtaougiialvwoslcaoenksbPf2aReor1mDgeefidpalnCoaooantgttonrgiharanaeeretgnrerifiooduntnueosls)
HYDRAULIC FLUID
68-7
srEtraDhoeemsiggiertloeiaseseunpbctneetoloiirrtlsvplseahuedetmtgirinoraoaengentnnaid.towtDsenaiarAscssdopttseelohpolqseaeouacnrtialthmlista5no.eit0tglfPytfpWCahrspnoeBuamdmrpsse/etoeairtrwnnhvOiiddelrsliieeslcPdbgspoCeeomfnsT(oniep1rsnor9egacmt8taeo6oeuvnl)dflostetiwcwdatnaauianosbtstthgtleee,obroderoiiitiilssylpsk.prommeossufaueslsnwtttaabcntiaeednrrr,yaoiruot r hEPE(1yrEE7do9CCrp3oo)cDhsaaairlrsbefopcontrriosv,paeolsuCsbe-odruPicnrtacohnipalttosDstaehindreedcdthuivymedrpoainnuglitchoeQf ucDriduusmdeaptionsielg,aopbfe.etWropalresouthemibaitteSde.a
68-8 HYDRAULIC FLUID
68.1 MAJOR USES AND COMPOSITION 68.1.1 Major Uses tgtfuhloasuaerimtddtseHamhngyaeonmdstvirrfetayarsicunatalonoilrcsrarmsenlflildiaafustintsisnididvogosenbmlgayjearaeanesncrmdtysua.asbolneltrddhAafekoioirrernctschrfeaaaleullfrltltiod,keusqiads,nuueodwtispohhummyoisldefeoerfnbuaastiulpulelpp(wisc2le,oi1rcfrts)alkr.outu.niiodcikncsAss,jiunebtftouotrmtahkneeolidisrbfpticshelo,ecysmicdaornmlmaleyeueprldiircnceiahscmlsyoodaamrrcisrahp,cuiornlaniecfertnyts 68.1.2 Composition hitsoigtfhhoeTaiinmrraipldnoaigwtriaoeafnrnfaidcnllosyw.s,temaT(r1ho.8se2tirA3h,nayod1d8tvrh2aae4unr)lt.iacmgefalsujoiidrnscaldhuvadvaeensttbaagebeeinloitfymmitnoienroeaxrliadlbaabtsiaoesneoiafllsnu,didspgseoocovidfeicrraeslslyyinstttahhneoctsieecs aptttpt2fpfehlleeha6ruummmgeos0oiirrddsvppps'eesTipeeecCad.arhrrlhitenosaaaeaes(dsrtttt1tueuueahd8arrrree2tadeeeelovi4ssnsdspetb)tgihe.wolatyeoriosinvegpsspdfoIleihmltbesfptrsiybirtelouuhsepionetppsmaivlytteceoephidpardrwosoil.asieefofrt1hOrirasef5nUyalytx'0udgtunCnnceirrgdtedm.atCheeleeulpemlrelpoeCtoeinicaapfrvctotrkhaeemoftrtaherflspuiuagsmyrereitwmededrueorhasi-rcnoranvtieorleuliieiysnennsslr.,siicdgcacspholtitlurtsSieatfgiaideomlnyotuhymiiyncnlnpisedtsopag.ech,,snlerhetimrsaaiaItnytaotinrrucicuntrnaorudrtcmeeshhreentreayseseeeoassdrtasfliciainrrtrcsatnboagthnadumihafacilltsorsutirhsecctitaperddahnaseafsrielugncefmeuttredod,inaafdusfatxefhssserceihyycemsoedsandidsmguunrtt.hchhfameohuepe-srTa5ptlriiuo3ataoeccfypstcbldoupeilblCutiaiieregnahdclanlseeseo6ttyesioi8ftnwi-iog1fitnh v60ihanin8-ys2-ddct03orhaoMsevliuxitosiilcytnlidrcueaairmrmtnfeailpokeuploncirdbpra.ostaseveerseGdaecrroeseehian,nlnysteuiddnrsa(rahesdaslidelybudyenlii,titttcooiChdvroeheemstsitalieoo/cplr(dfut1gbeib8frerayru2nsi5s6tcept)9ah,u,htayiswnynTesddhgiacriibasaccollhuoie/mlcrlihrici6bnnoe9aisfm-msmli2uoeia)cion.dlass,stlt(oaT2acccn1hhkrad,easeser1ifsaanm8onch2raotdit3ersbire,tfitiithse1coitdedo8riicem2srswn4;mot)aii.tftdcohhadwneTliayetaipatavobdpirenl,drsetco.ishfltxouioiv6admse8mees-ai2tuniensglaeyndd
_____ B a s e S t o c k _____________________
H I tip m l B a s e O i l s :
l. S tra ig h t p a ra ffin ic stock ( lin e a r and branched chained a llp h a c lc s )
T A B L E 6K-1 H Y D R A U LIC O ILS
Stru c tn re /C o m p o s l t Ion
Examples o f ty p ic a l components Include :
csMi r C2 " 5
(n -p a ra ffIn )
CiM3 CIll3
C l l- C l l C l l- Cll - CH-CII-CH,
3 2 lI
3
f I JCUCII
( isoparaffin)
Less ty p ic a l components Include :
eye I o p n r a f EI n s , at ornai ic hydrocarbons, mixed a I Ipici I mid a r o m a t i c liyd ro c a I l>ous
HYDRAULIC FLUID
Propcrtle s /C h a rn c te rls tlc s B o llin g p oin t range a p p r o x i m a t e l y 3 0 ( J - 6 0 0 " C . MU approxim ately 1S0-1000. Carbon numbers approxim ately C |^ - C ,^. O b n sille s approxim ately 0 . B - 1 . 0 g/mL at I5 "C .
V?O
Base Stock 7. O i l In w a t e r emu I s Lon.1: .
(o il Is mineral bjise paraffinic stock) 3. Water In o il emulsions *
Synt hef |_ Basc_ n | Js : 6. P o l y o x y n 1k y lo n e g l y c o l s
( p o 1y g ly c o 1s )
IA(UCLoEni.6)8-1
S t rue t u r c/C o mnos 111on Up tr ?0% o i l u s e d b u t commonly o n l y 1-6%. G r e a t e r t h a n 80% water.
A p p ro x im a te ly 60% o i l . Approximately 60-65% water.
Properti es/CharacterIstLes Used ns a f ire re s is ta n t hydraulic fluid. Temperature range limited to a p p r o x i m a t e l y 0* - 7 1 ` C. Used as a fire resista n t hydraulic fluid.
GIL CIl,l
R
11
111 R 3 R 7
II II
V oS , " ,
II II GII II CM II
G,, S"
p o 1y r l l i y 1 o i w pp1 y c o I
| i n 1 y|ropy 1 pm* p j y r o l ,i m onur ( l i f 1 .1 il i t* r ho 1 ;iiii|` I <'. n f s nmr jin i h 1-
It
Can be formulated to be water soluble or water Insoluble; the more p o l y e t h y l e n e Ln c h a r a c t e r , the better the water solubility
MU t y p i c a l l y 6 0 0 - 3 0 0 0 .
Densities approximately 0.95 1 . 7 g/mt-.
Vapor p r e s s u r e s o f some polyglycols are reported to be l e s s t h a n n.01 mm llg a t 2 0 ' C.
68-10 HYDRAULIC FLUID
Unse Stock 5. Phospha te e s t e r s c
6 . S11Iente esters e
T A (BCLoEni.6)8 1
SI r u e t u r e / Compos111on_____________ 0
R,0 "P OR2
OIR
R ca n be II o r o r g a n i c g r o u p s . Ag rto ul pe .a s t 1 R must be an o r g a n i c Throe classes: pt rhioas pI khyaLt epsh,o saplhkaytle-sa,r yt lr l n r y l phosphates ; 1. e . ,:
0 = P-< 0 - ^ O ^ - R ) 3 (a triaryl phosphate) Oxygen(s) may he r e p la c o il by su1Fur to give thlophosphntes. Tuo c la sse s:
RjO-- SI -- 0R}
(Ori ho?; I 1 i cat c ; )
P r o n e r t l e s / C h a r a c t e r I s t i c s _______ Excellent fire resistance p r o p e r t i e s . MU t y p i c a l l y 200-600. Densities approxImately 0 .9 -1 .5 g/mL. B olling points for trialkylphosphates a p p ro x im a te ly 190-300' C. Used In extreme temperature app1ica tio n s.
MU t y p i c a l l y 300-8 00. D e n s i t i e s approximately 0 .8 -1 .1 g/mL at 20C. Vapor pressures 0.1-5.0 mm llg a t ?0 5"0 . B o l l i n g p o i n t s approximately 93*-682*C. Used In Extreme temperature appI Icat Inns.
68-11
HYDRAULIC FLUID
68-12 HYDRAULIC FLUID
'[`A lii-Li 68 I
(C o n i.)
Base S t o c k __________ __ _______ ________S t r u c t u r e / C o m p o s 1t1 on
OR2 OR4
R1O - SII ----- 0 -- IS I --OR6
OIR3 IOR5
7. SL1leones c
(dlsiloxanes) (dimer silicates)
R's can be alkyl or aryl
RSRIIi - O
SIRRIIO
---n
SRII
--
R
RCocmamnonbley Ra -lCkIyIl og ri v ianr gy l .r i s e t o the methyl and dimethyl silicone polymers
Prop e r t e s / c h a r a c t e r l s t l c a MU t y p i c a l l y 1 0 0 0 - 1 5 0 , 0 0 0 . Densities approximately 0.75-1.1 g/mL, can be as high as 1.4 g/mL. Vapor pressures a p p r o x i m a t e l y 5 mm ftg a t 149*C.
HYDRAULIC FLUID
T A B L E 68-1 (C oni.)
______ Base S t o c k __________________________ S t r u e t u r e / C o m p o s i t 1on______________
8. Organic e s te r s c
Includes: Monoesters (monobasic acid esters or polyolesters) diesters tri ester polyestors
0II I0I
RO-- C CIL2) n C--OR (n d i e s t e r - m o s t common, based on a(n d iIbs a csoi mc maocnildy) 8 - 1 0 )
1 ,
D i c s t e r s a r e d e r i v e d from C^.
Ca zjqe l alco
a a h
ci lc ol
d , s
s
s (
( e l
l.e. bacl .e.,
, c
) 2
a -
dipi and e thy
c, C1li,)i
e
x
y
C1.,,y
3 , 5 , 5 - trim e th y 1hexy1, l^o doryl ,
and trldecyL alcohols).
P r o p e r t l e s / C h a r a c t e r l s t i c s _________ Ma pUp rt oy xpiimc aalt leyl y 210000-06 0 0f o; r caconmbpelex e ste rs. Vapor pressures a p p r o x i m a t e l y 0 . 3 - 6 . 0 mm llg a t
205' C.
The 1r uses Include automotive engl ne o ils (occasionally blended 50/50 with mineral o ils ), and Jet and a irc ra ft engInes. Ocormgma onni c s ye snttehrest i ca r el u bt hrei c amnotsst u s e d . Used widely by the m ilitary In aircraft applications.
68-13
Base Stock
9. Synthetic hydrocarbons :3 '
O le fin oligom ers ( p o l y - a l p h a - oLe f 1n s ) A lk y la te d arom atics
TABLE 6N I
(C oni.)
St r u e t u re/Compos 11 1on
H
C
--
CCCIIll--ll22,.-----C--ll00 ----
C0li-- 0CII--
R R
(a neopentyl polyol ester based on neopentyl glycol)
Cll--Cll
C"rj l
(oligomer of l dccene)
Propertles/C haracterlstlcs Resembles paraffinic mineral ohmyioldtsor.or c aorUiblsoensandIf nl umc il iudldietIanrsySyAnEat hi r5ecUt ir-ca20f t fluids.
T y p ic a lly re a c tio n products C) 0 . C)/| a lk y l groups and
( l . e . ,b e n z e n e / t o l u e n e / x y l e n e s /
e th y lb e n z e n e s , d ia lk y la te d benzenes).
of
Ue nsgedi n ei n o si lysn.t h e t i c a u t o m o t i v e
68-14 HYDRAULIC FLUID
Base S t o c k ______________ l'o ly b u L e n e s (poiyIsohuty Ienes )
C yc1o a 1 1p h a 1 1cs
R eference 1821
c
R e f e r e n c e 21 Reference 1822
TA(BCIo.Uni.()>K I
S i m e i u re /Comnos 11 i o n
CIL
- cii2---- C
- CM--C Cil,
2I 2
CM^ J il CIS
( poi y i solili t y I eue )
(typically
Ti li[>pi l Ies / C l i a r a c t e r i s t l c s _________ Docompos l i o n t eI m p e r a t u r e s a r o u n d 290*C. The low er HU pl uobl yrmi cearns t s( c u?pb i' cl einnt^h e ahr ei g hues er d as MU a r e uscii as a d d i t i v e v is c o s ity index improvers. Used In many high tem perature appi ic a rions.
Used commonly as hydraulic f 1u i d s . MU t y p i c a l l y 1 5 0 - /00. D e n s i t i e s a p p ro x im a te ly 0.B - 12 g/mL a t
20-C
C o n n e c tio n s can be p a r a , met a. or ortho; can be alkyl or halogen substituted (i.e b i s ( p - phenoxyphony I ) e t lie i )
68-15
HYDRAULIC FLUID
68-16 HYDRAULIC FLUID SOME REPORT EHDYDMRIANUERLIACLTOOAIBIULLLEAUNB68DR-2ICSYANTTINHGETOICIL*OIL BASES FOR
wmMsmtareiiInnat.Negieegr.rrE,h/aaoRt(lliOiApooPmiiaLllr/(/itsOaxrBiftliCfiauAiclnr2akSHeitcyEse4lSs(OetCteohsmsItciHLeokurpS1l/,shpb)ijooo)ls/nympsgh)ilnayetcreoalIebstoleeirlndbslends
J
2ip2dddtdddiSOtssrr--eiiiiiiYooieribbo(b(penmm32odtgtcNaaaothh--caetasssleemeTyytycyniiitettycccllyehlhHihreh-lclsyyty2syaaaetEheatll-aexcclcEoohbbyhdTiiridylddldsrlauysipelIibtpi)pcdttCetrueeesayhaoarroesssttltaolstptytt)beBee4xneeeaalar)rAyrze(nca///mmespSasedlyitaoEeoilenpittlncyhetaoOahgytbtleelIey-atL1cisc3eSoiscl-htpebyarrdnloerdbpnoldacednanibredbdaosi(oinc-l
acid esters, triesters, and
.
15% diester) blend (~33% diester)
Pppppppooooooolllllllyyyyvyyggebogptlllxuryyyhvotcccyyapooolllyelllek///lnnwmdveeenilaibenetnggaeelelsrgyryilacccGyboloclallleooycnlciilddo/slsielsifctpearotelbvelgeslnvtedcrolbsll'e1nd
attdPtttpprrerrihhhiiriiopec(eeotr2tr-nhnsghb-epyeyeaysunlhltnyl--thypamymlopylhtldp-ehl--ohtitthotrroseEhosipilxfppsysihlyotphluhea-lpheoa)rpthnpasret-*eyohoctehslmopplsohehptrohahostayppetlhhepeahnteeynlyplh-1o-snpahpahteihylphosphate
HYDRAULIC FLUID
TABLE 68-2 (Corn.)
68-17
pttprrhhbipaoochlssykopplyyshhlplaaphttthhaeeoitoseeeppsssh)ttheeaorrtss/epp/dohilamytgeeltyhecsyotllersbsillie(cnOodnPse(O(ptrCoilb2yHumt<oSexrCysbeHtlhe1ny7)dl3/)t/rmibiunteorxayleothiloxbyleetnhdyl
cshdstttSeeeiireiilltttppe-liixrrri(ccsorca2aaayaaola(-e((yltt2pe2t2tteegerht--y-lheieeyyeleitEtetyslscshhhonltstohysyyeetpeleilrrelslrlbbrh;/xigodscuuebylp*eaiyxttllby.oety)cygeslanxoll.i)),syldls/ii)itbscscsl)eiaiiiltlwcsaitdri(acecdia2iattasd-hetitealeeotlechkxshyyatllelnohreroeorbxftyllheulon)opsdrirslooiccpaayrtlebesonneosr,glhmyecixonalelrkaaonlxdyoibldusi,tsyislliomlxiceaotnhneyesls,
pcStmrhhiiellfeiotlcnhuroyyoonllrpm,eohsdpeertirnmhoyypellythplpmyoollelyytpshsioiyllloolyxxspaialonnolexeyasinloexane
a2spdSyl,ioyp3anlnhl-ytktdhaihysieceolotyatbiiltccceuelfodthiHyhnylebysedxendry(nroeolozc-le2caena,rf3irben-bodoniomn/ldsieg*ibtohamysliecrbsau)ctiadneester blend (~33% diester)
pbptOrieoitsrlfh(ylfpeulcu-rohpsorl1horoeortnrohiotecrxphiyftllapounrhooeerenotyehlta)henytehleenre
a) bcdefgh)))))))
TaRRRRRRRinnheeeeeeedfffffffitseeeeeee/horrrrrrretreeeeeeeannnnnnnlbliccccccuctleeeeeeeeebssssssrrac1i22co2211t8u11an18812t,r,,22,2t11i11ea22n8888i,,g2n2a131226s8s82o,221ips96l8pso3.es4sdiTfbihlceebsfealusciedhcebhmaeismceasi.lcsalms aoyr ocrhemmaiycanl octlabsesestypuisceadl ibnuthyadllrawuelriceorielpsorted
68-18 HYDRAULIC FLUID SOME CHEMICAL HAYDDDIRTAIVUELSICUTOSAEIBUDLLEUINB68RM-I3ICNAETRIANLGAONILD* SYNTHETIC BASE
Chemical/Qass Name
Typical Range Used
, qtzpbO2p2Rp222ri,-^^uyhyh4nji6xnerSd-ie-e--ciandditnddbdnrdhpoiioyadiio-i-a-h-lnoqlpttittin-nitethreneuiaohh-rporieiblniatoRntpleo-ua-zlrohbbjpImtiiSnanunyudhbe-ilhtetyonnayySiIsmaebllbp--pippeihtRhnon--actborz=thrsbeoebeynqeslunzauotozmliynqoliqounnouienreinoponhneeenyl groups
r'.
.
zzznhbAttruiiiee-nnnnitnnxcoccct-rgazisewydsdddystleelyiiiet-oicaldnesnyrproti-lgsrhsdbduaaauoeiunlnpelscftfdtproiyyihdoddhllyeddEpeialtiiexdthttnethhiirtyoiiheoolpmippohshhcueoaoocsPrsspcbppirhnahehaisnaamtsaettueeitdreee Additives
' ddznbRiiai-nucitrsoycsiotuscbydlmaoulitnthtehyddetilrxionaaCkpopmoehnrtroioyonrsplnoepnesehaniopaynhtletshIunychlecinibneiitmorisde
_ ssheVppptityooolyihidsltlrcyyyycreomlaioonsenlsxonkeeieybtt-yehybu-lcpspautetoIcyrtylnlarollyrdueydpemnellinyaoxeeeeltnssreese(esnsVee(cHtmochpoeeIoptrmhloyyplmylrmoeavrneesrdrssdimethyl polysiloxanes)
0-2.0% wt.b
0-6% wt.' 0-2.0% wt.d 0-20% wt."
HYDRAULIC FLUID
68-19
TABLE 68-3 (Com.)
vaoaDapbpilllxoohnkekkalrotyyyyyezaslllliortpsegmaplmohdicehnboeeeneueatnttthnhatlaskeaota/tneDeclecs-nyrsiidyysylaiplallaasnanelutstdkrdeeucsy--ccaadnlticlnhni-kifmvntiiuyocsiinelmpmtyahphainlodphyrhsaleyeyaptsnrdmehro-roalmiilntdiseadoeuslseoeltnfihicedyealcsnomhpyeodtlhyrmaidceerrysclaotpeolcyompoerlysmers
0-20% wt/
a) dbcef)))))
RtRTRoRRhiheeeeele.fffffiseeeeelrrrrriTtteeeeeeannnhnnrbccceccaleeeseeetesssssucr22c222oeh11111n,,,,e,atmas11111i88888inpc22222soa24113sl,s,,,,sspi11111bem88888lce2223a2if7y2515ic,,,,cho1111rec8888mh3322mei2236mca,,,,ayil1111ca8888na23l32od5457tda,,,dibt11d1iev888ite333tis653vh.,ees1t8yu3ps6eicdalinadhdyidtirvaeuslibcuotilasllawnde/roer
rleupborricteadtining
682 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS
6822.1 Transport in SoS/Ground-water Systems Most hydraulic fluids (except the more water soluble esters and glycols and
cseochleoaaniialgirrv-lshbrwitironeavonwedtinaesimtccrrshloooetesnnhwmmittteely.ouyndslatsuteBnihrrsodurfoanaolitkslclueso)eg,wq.thaoaurnwaTetsdnhmahetetiilxaesteplruislewensssscosopltauoileiktulfldudlebsrtl,iyhatbliotteteehfyodbeomrweilozosooqiar(ulnfuenlrwedidotlyeiomkt,muoeilpmiladyttoihmgrsrfepoaeoouitmrbltelsoiallpotoesihnrowioiisnliefsmpn.rttoetphhrrsreeaoposiopnwsintoeeyasirdlte/ea.gdrinrnisdotMpautohhbnoseildsgaet-h,lpw)lobioamkrurteetegilsgryath,nohtiefacbttehe rfisadSsmsrpoereooorlrepamamberletaieseeiTnno,dvdtvdreichonaouiolrennlegcsnvgsoeslssesepdanitdostnoicsse.tntrdet),uortnoeostbtnfadhunrrnteesagiesdncstlacyeipikwotrpshiunoiuiatbylpinsllbsbe,sicdolcteecaoiohfqshnncetsutadthoohaenselemndvogdmteiieeiclfinsgsfofcmeraaant(rattlootseiedhtorn(iaouenatottiuis.nfilaqoedlbudnnfToeiivtbcshlisbolknsiioolyoslgoawyllotfvceiitgehilnfrtnidfiheazgcemaneactcsthsltioip)opceoniiiaonlplssllrp,srttwceiooedtariidrpunlilclsleetoebsromnvldoitaatoilosstruelNuiryosnteorviggofowfeiarncafigatcatthrpehhtlaoheiendwausretdleciinyamntcd)tigdoo,oee-"eirnwnla.gssas.nartnwdtawi(detTTduihrmlahhsldeet,nieraivisseotybatsnater.fbeynirelacmmlel mateArisalsnoatnedd ainddTitaivbelessth6a8t-1m, a6y8-b2,e apnrdes6e8n-t3,inthheyrderaaurleicaflwuiiddse. vaMrioertye ofofcbuasesed
68-20 HYDRAULIC FLUID wdCa7r0ihhseciac(uppShstryseenairosrtenhe4nse9tuteoisocdeffdCtitnhrhienaiCsnshhkoGyacidluap/rgsitdaeerureoO.lui6cni9ld)f-l(ugwMieadnitsnee.errraSalmlloyomBbceaiolsvitdeeyarCteaarnsadoonnmkpeepCrhosaoifsssetptehhOneacitelse)aomoefsfethetyehrsdsistreaorGrcseauraipdbnreodo.nvg-iblCdyaehcsdoaeldpsinteorils ,.vopiettinhhamatovheesrlpyyoieeoglhlrNatvmrliyycgetcokacihhoseonlueefyxolcmqsscefmeui,eimacaisaolnaansitmnfdbileyvsdrromeipirbiuatenhoislmoalsdpoeltseeth(ppldhcaciusahalehrirtlapeeGaatwtmshiteutuiiaoiidoloitctnedneisnasc.eltitrn)e(haaocrgnenalnaidrfgrmsleeutsaohpeigroddsheoi)sfevym.nlespcineaoccaTetavoridfloccetoceihrrtudhpeielodyrmtanhpodtiiibvhrecnooyisyangdecslsetaibhcfprl(eomebruahcooisohacdpndaveshsemt.eiraoelttvgrioicToseoeaushrtltbyhtihospepeafoeuritnsfmtoescpndhogoveiyubinurivdeirltlerdioteneathnosubiom)sflreiotcgeachrsnanaefhntdsmlaoueiwcolwiadwisldnetsloo,seutwfetrlordosm, .acottdhhcoifsriendccothsouoaT,aligillnrhfohageeiwdtedttadaahyslqaemauipnscseaaiiogodtrtienulsthr/i,isgecifaroilceplofrssaohu.,nrcanmcthsdToela-ouhwomrmlefdianootaduaebairtnibsvelsteisdsotoryyolyrsvsfbtooeefddlfimvtnihseo.eosenirolteglosmcva)ioelnudnficrlcssootoinicmortasngutra,eoibtnntouohitrncesen,riccftmaosntruuhabalctednouhdnrpbaoeae(lrfesc.sssgioioitsg.lu,tanprthiiocifnusneicssmgtaibhnoiglcetryrilroyaoiunnttendrhnadtehhnf-ruwaeslpnavfoctiocreertrdmif ;'vctBtl;mrohhooeoeiwamenlgcajlheseoaatl,trVaroiuiilntcawisowulzhteoleenaaivslnnettetsafehigatailprsrmries,zosatstarentlw,oohftcdoiliwphteoutrhrhadnebeesnretiosmhligosiirsmterlufmeaiaremnsochdesuylo.afysaeronidctbfnriiuasroneitcolnnslviaecotpg;or,uawillrevammwlbneneIedaoadtdEsitnkge-hsi(trhfn0,hpyrit6gaaroditletmr(vmsmawiutosuhmltmoolahetiruchtaeeHilHubdlQihsgllzeyiuy)agqnp.idteudr<rirnoiyead1Heon'sus)ruvoalmeemilcwlcaralomwyeesnfvtdilesiuheHcmtrritaoi,dhtg,evnusatesgheapttwintaaelvvottonre2oswiunt5tollahewddmrttCesohialbuvaimoyfztoleodafalrbsatstwipeetltoioierinelnlwnmiieldatedkiilwodevbsdsiitiedlseootlcuaroiarlbanaseutydlesesemilesaaytaraoysn.ft 68-2-2 Transformation Processes in Soil/Ground-water Systems ,,sp4tht9haeotoesvfAmpahtnrehianeitastteysssGeegosusiftvsiemdemrneseantbahetnearldovioaefwlrseebnfaieenvrerveineronobltvncoheemtedshesn1agu4nteba9dnjl0eetcrphataenelrodsalfiasn1sctde4ekvn9se6ocpr)efe.aclpfuoeelrrnattvhiiniyvredeonrntianmudlenaicntaattfa.ullurieTsd.thsuudOissi,endslmyif(ofstisehcteueoltCf ghtiahvpeetner sboioild/geHrgoyruadndradaut-iwloicant.felruTiedhnevoiigrlsoennaemrreaenlextrpebeseicscttaeaudnsceteootbfoe^thhmyeidorrdoreleyrsasiitssetla(ynfocpreerstasoitsuthreyandtterdoinlyastnihsd,e ouxnisdaattuioranteadnd
HYDRAULIC FLUID
68-21
ehusyntdderreosrcabanrabdsiocpncos)olynigsdlyidtcieooslncsrs.iwboeudldbybHe asrormisew(5h2a9t).moHroewseuvsecre,pttihbeleortgoahnyicdreosltyesriss,, epshpoescpiahlalyte
dcsmebtmhhaseiaoatreogetrndwrreimyeaeTrsngdd,iosharatpmllaeouetdhicu(dooaeo1udtinsdes8lespes.b4erishys2saosa)tanrem.etrexeeletptaArnoeetsastitocvtrhpeeoeoielrllgflalryseuhrituolgheaamdeeanervsdteoyrehhn)fenpyatszodtmiuisyslraypitmochlagacrinelssaonysucsrbcdaesbosiegcaoelrteeslcnoeprdawttembhidtboraiaeaouiondpltdliudedttegraybgihtmybaritoleaousctndhceebh(alemxolitopiiomwalodesfynaeicclgattblriehsrssoedaebw(mdrwebteaesooilhtq.olrieuobdearinSeersecgueomfrldcmoimahg.rodehprtadttTelatheibidfhxeorfoi.eeinslcbaitusodiuMmlmlrilltlakguiyoetasosesonttrsif)acbostehfihdaeev,e'
fmorba(o5errfora1oartc5mnhreh)cDeea.ihanitimeidfsgcFfdoepenocdhroarsreeyrlenedktraaaptraelsnlolnecatacheotansiyetnnrhaddsbaeartmorrniotetnoociubscaamermirnnwcobuaotbiocesstlinohhreooocisll,uoblftsehgliasatccrishecroeraebuebosliliiboodoozadiiredclcep,tegwmiebgsvrrtiriioalorstalridyuddsedacetawtitgrbfuifirfoiotlrneaenhrergdstvai(ashn1etinaaigrc8odrnyrn4neei1tfallvoio)iwscn.exniaorneigcnyuagBitrlttldreysyiemc.aosabliiikelnuesFatdspoatneeehrenxepretospetii,ofrhextdaco,atbntshmoe.ibdiodispild,opledetcaogo,oenlrngydhabrcsideyatgbiacdhtemblulaicyicttualeiiuoctnyhnstes
682.3 Primary Routes of Exposure from Sofl/Ground-water Systems
fbliuoiadcsTchuwmeilluavlbaaotrviyoenw.diidsHceuloyswsiienovntehroe,firthfavetoelbaaptisaleitthysw,toatcyeksndsoeufnghcgyyedsttrosautslhoicartbfltuthoiedsscoomilm,apnanoudnfaecpntotustreeondtfiawhlyitdfhorraulic vdmmouiolnealeettrciloauitllyathoriienliwsrpealiuorgrewhetesfxaoopnlruedmcb,tileloibdtwyu.ttwowaTbhtheeerenyvseoparlryrueebssietnlrniototytn.igenlxyTpwhseaocetrtseeberdecdmotoamtyobphesooaurivnleedabsdreieclhlyaaautvbisevieoeealoyxcftchruteihmgmehuierllvayohtleilagdothwility because their large size makes their passage through cell walls difficult.
soceaooxnrlgmpduaebpnscPiuotilocienstldcyyeeegnsptalttoytnesicrdbhoosilalfl-iaovbthryweaeystdaveeordaxlapopbuhowieloyriccddtppeerfodgarltueureisatlndisodctsuai,rahftelsliauoe)vifvndeoae.srnrladoabDlwnibeodpesavopcoftwriceltaauneetcmatitilktiaiuhotllyylneasets(vxiobcoapreornobcimaseabubdpuerioslceitesatoeyupodsasifoentohitlfohwt.hfepaieyTrhthsohpheserciipyroaghpnhhwaeitwrbogeteuhaieltediesssnrotfoealeurflrsbsrotiehladibent.yed
oreaexrnggpdaaerncoVditncoelleldyasesstatitoloeivrzfersaretthysaiouensnldtmtyoiapnpflhelhsofiosygrpdfanhrcifaftaliiuutcoielandicn.etosftflOeuexrtiidhpls-seobwsatouohsiruealedltdwoafolnfruueowliddtsosprrviekwolaleleodarduistlliydlooizrrvebo.irelmeastrpFiiadrllpiuoeziipnedd.etlsysrlbyisnaodsretbihsdepedooasnterodepato,ohlfyegislsyocnilo,olts,
68-22 HYDRAULIC FLUID
' wsdedpSThoxrryuhahliipdrotunneeefrskbkarGcapuiilcstunnhepreelggahotdihcawtuawweykvtnfadoealaedteurttes-aieeorbrwtdurresefessalreisushmtsc(nuuely.etarppdfsyclpppriEuconaellioanxiiduceenlpstislsssaiait,oogcamloasnilmunbynrfiilnfcrediuinmileacniucadatddideomtnsneiidinrtreonab,tmernygaeycaixamtnloomlaplgycioiqolancee-iustuyslxwahutarptibabrrteooiotaedtecnseh.usureragoberohryexeQsugmspiagtgugohunhmrinsdeoliiussasfutim)irdyhocneiehansdssrnacse-do,hwmtvsriuaerpaearledtoxytbgcelopetyrefomorgecuoosdnlceuymsifussecrtscrsoeiohotoclrhsfiapfblr,earaoeiggnportmdrehiramo.gwrruttaetaoahincnWlcyesrdilsiceeu-hrfiaswsoreeturfraistnaoeosttowceneeetrrswaausalthwsreaiufracansthcdeee.rs. 683.4 Other Sources of Human Exposure sefounorvpdirrDoiasnaninmtdagednosrintni,ncakaemnindtbghie(eweynxatacteecrreop,ntcacoferomnertpnrtlaohettxeioammnvsiiaxniotleaurfbrahellesy,bdianarsareeuthlfinecluoliftidltuedsi)ridsascttrouiinbrnesui.atseitrdTmahwnaisdiidnselwhylyaootuieflnrdn,tonhansoe-twpeberellsisatsent compounds. ctenrmhleqatoasheutteieuhinsrgpreAvtiremnaopseigiianoeerdtnrifsaeenstrshogietsfwynredenonloqirxmkueoauplteludiolpmtywlshimcubaootreyreossenneyeebtstxxd.tieoneppumveemArhocrisynliltitnvdeeghieindrsmodacmutueatoogaillni.hlickanetretxfihegelnpuenepheiiardradntislehemacrneteamaicronfoeeanlupultofeieheadnrxxocalpytpcstuoeoioorssnsmneueut,msrara.eitelpnshlsleeOoeadixyfrp,ppeeepedaorrrnnsasouidotontortnevrecsnessotexeilrvaolbpvetfeeilicicclkhgiiatzneyeluaoglddystvrieeaoattsnounotdhlaibfrecnreedovcmleeairrvygee,
683 HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS 1compHoysditrioaunliacnfdluliedvsedl oofnaodt daiptipveeasrvatorybgeretaotxliyc. toMaanjoimr aclosm(p22o2n8e)n;tshouwsueavlelyr, itnhcelude ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and tri-ortho cresyl phosphate (TOCP). A review o43f,threesptoexcticiviteylyo, foTf OthCePIRanPdTeotxhiycloelnoegyglGycuoildem. ay be found in Chapter 49 and Chapter 683.1 Animal Studies 683.1.1 Carcinogenicity
No specific data on the carcinogenicity of hydraulic fluids were found.
HYDRAULIC FLUID
6 8 -2 3
68-3.1.2 Mutagenicity literaNtuores.pecific studies on the mutagenicity of hydraulic fluids were found in the
68-3.1.3 Teratogenicity, Embryotoxicity and Reproductive Effects
No specific studies were located in the literature. 683.1.4 Other Toxicologic Effects 683.1.4.1 Short-term Toxicity sc0ffhaaloto.bpyuu1rnrdpidmdatrlmyaidaMucwieuLwalndaLlatiiioscttOowshrfnktifhcolie8u1nrixoi2lei1tiedf-shc4o2y8e2Mf3alfrol3ammpLslflolhblOgiogusoi//wdnimksdai8iopgdn32hswg-iriynann5aantoi8bsenttNS5bhgipiwenpeetirswtssrsia;itttochigiadlohZulhuenouneedycwaan-deoDlpseiarfpnhvaionreewt5gdrhctrelhii,imtenforeaiytaaneLthtibdeiro/eecybkandaiegtpttsmyswep.oi,ptnoohfreoluNeoyrSannlpaolpetableuspratioamnhr6pocgoo-apufhulllheorieoaTueyau-rldOdmDebrfribCairuawniwortunPsiihlltdl..wiea.ociytilltiuTNefohBrltnheueaboieaditttodsohhd,scnteyypcodocrnurmeoiottrrnmhhhirdmhnyeeeupdaaatdcoilrllicaenuawdCtutniahold^icaencsHtnaor smkoindesreantsei,tirzeevreorsribaledeplraiymeadryneskuirnotroexaicnti(o2n2.31N).either hydraulic fluid was considered a e0Ny.1ee%woSZritmoeslaikyllaitanrrnliyadir,zrowniltoehatiitaooesrnaralaobocrrobspiktdpsienertrmosecaanolrsctriyotoicxzsliiaocotitntiroyinpinwhhfaooissblplirotheowaprizone(rgn1tee9ed-3xb.6pa)os.TesudhreehreyodwfraaFusilsincchofelriunid3d4,ic4caotrinoattnasinoaifnndg srrmeeevLasuecrlthTtiiyeothyddnerbaiinNynula4tigvcw8uyoifnhlhueoayiaudddrdrpswia.tiugiitolshiOnca(na1lfel9umc3iawd6isl,)ede.esPkeloOruylfrantastheeeseranma,fsneiaatimnitzoiaamuMtlsiaoCrlrnse2es.0awp0coet,nrioepdnrecodhadatutloc2lee4ntdhgheeaoducshrlaisaglhswletehcnsiogcknheidndinstoiecsmnreeseaiotswifezhdi0ni.c1gihn aoapLfonnceercdrdgui5orsdTwdreedreevhiaoadaeyykrfrdsyen18rl5eradsepttitssoihaoo,uronll1rts1oh4ep6(sde2hsdad2aa.ioa3tnyfye0sDs,s)bh.iegaatyranlfdaettsreanhartcoueewftdl,riacteaosbanxfitalrdimucdtitisedctrynlistubtimiruadeatdsedelminodnnteieinagtcsoisassiwltlasyeiotrtohcoaeodnnTmedxOofbcorsCieqalnlsluPoalsyawitvitpoetteooednids.swaooilnfhnMiviitntaaaoegtxxi.cioiVmchniaaAut,nyrmlf,atatrcecsetprtresaaisrmrarivashaatlletiaytcinistooeisnspnn,o,dtsaeil.y
68-24 HYDRAULIC FLUID
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683.1.4.2 Chronic Toxicity
^7":'C;dsTcNthhorahhoiyfOionlacdasicdvrCemrphneasaAtPosebltueeyiuoleolrigllcirrfnnocoop4enphtntrhf9wogaoyltgour-dxeeiotas1icnirredpclf.aeryt8hsumstsutwarhiltiissigemotic.aesecpnsdsuofos1G,Alnlrr1uabwetttun0ityriepdieniidodomsxreutnereyxhogi(t)ltne1eue/,wermn0dsneUec1yp3shrli.tooenSihoorrcph.yrktihbadentNeoydl1rednaasap0itspvuls3ieientohylesiinmpancsxd(atgp2goefstruol2/hstgaumui,s3aslsieyd,0hdnJads)y)anmi.smb1ddwt,o.leo5ieTnalsov%atsktthefchhrel2.erpooyeei4empmrsfrAhlehuafotydnoortitrddiirhiuomarlmorranlacaksasceuo/telyrddaslnsipi.namctihwwnadyaedfiRienlnttftuurhiaoheyoecirbdidlnecabedk3pmaixa6,tthrpnbsiommisdoytasetosri.puxxTeyghcptdl1eOuoTao6npurtsC3hieeenhseresPdodao.sasaelfp(ityzTsoshsee.ihadgehteniegsh
r'wpcMRoraaiPasbot2rbnA8aiot0tnost,9de0brdd-ueeedscnaiaunatkylhmetr.emaaedetpsAraitonnlelsoaxotprapolenpoxxeiesimixceacipdrataoyalsnnsto3udcdreid1e.elea0dtyt0Ahosbamyraadggfettpi/heccmhr,re3oeaeas4onxps9fdpehthoDacisntuaueecrxrwhaeepdeesotxitsgeoiMuarhrt1Pbea02gna0d8adsaie0mnyh.hagewyl/aomdKadnrs3ygadpwaurwlhlasoioiocsotshpiifrsnleuawip(tidhioera,urrotetneuDedcgdunhhro(a(2tbh2ed2aa2d3ci3r3k3)))..
6 8 3 2 Human and Epidemiologic Studies
'r 683.2.1 Short-term Toxicologic Effects
";
No acute human data were found on hydraulic fluids.
68.3.2.2 Chronic Toxicologic Effects
'?;jwtmtmftroihoeireerpnleccelhaahheJaleraaamsnynnereyxiivstacclo.phproowwshol.sSomaihullssiorDgpmeefhhwrititaetesaottaqmsesliu.nhuhbefvy(soney3ecdratsu3rlvity3lnatiiawglu7hyreal)oaixtcwleodpayxreteofepsilassaouockernsirsdsdnu.ei.sbegdtsegTocsWetohpsohpnhtoeyetilhaardlysyeisrynndipamsetiruotneuaepslsgruidsttcooiilinbtpmfcrfgloalieusartfhlihrudaiayyynsilddscbpfeorsloyhxuaclocpdiuleaooseelxptwinrdctihoite-eaaunsnwniytpsneecsibsiatvenpeedekmtagenwnrdbse0ideeyos.rei5sdnpmna%ioonas4lhhfly8ieihns-cmpaoiyeosvspeuo,nyarrrattoreoraoh-pmpccoetytaclhsdlutaaahapntsynea.dd-
HYDRAULIC FLUID
6 8 -2 5
nsSdittioosrplocrasneoyrEgnepmmaiyvcplpa-oet3oplnfoAmoeyurse.sgoeeld(ys3orc1oreo4pflt1ohia)sr.rotceemosdChaelohrelseycdmoe.a,mincsdTpaklahienneat,yhnsaoayunrlmysoisrnplieasgtsmopsmShiirnoosaelwtc,woeercendyorimceti-rh3paraAtoitttuarSinthbioydouldnsctr.eewadnuhSilciiocc-tih3ocfAelamuniciardcoye-na2otlcroatfwiilwnoueneoirddrkttpohinreiogtdsnuecaerd ,
6 8 3 3 Toxicology o f Hydraulic Fluid Components
dcsphiseaccnuiTgfsiishcneegdcocabnonemddloiptwdiooi.sfnfisticSiouoenlfet uoTtosfaehb.dyleedSfiri6nan8euc-,le4icthtfhfoelerutieotdhxxeaviccaoatrlcioceugostymegropteofoaxsctiiloctyiimotyanpndodoanfteuantshutoeafcllolsayiplssesdeceisispfieaccnroecdnossbmtarupinpeotfollunyyndths.e -
Organic esters
dneaCaa(1snidbeNbt8ioisemap2Soprsa2rOaeiptd)cslne.rshtets.giapoyoacDlwr(nniIhed.ineei(secds2sxethTi-eeasohautrshnneemtsee,etrxorsaohnodx.snxanaiisycvogulDeyeiesiclttneiehbbeaveaiyfeas,recflesalei)veidnslccoxclutymopetcamesnecfcitsctoioieptindtutnereaaendg)dredt,d,aesftsbtafoeeioirlnnsrrbeodsahmatltcuoaaotasxvbrrdetiaeertceebhinisrcaatpasmaycirt(te,lai1aiomnontbl,wte8fgauc-rltmwooiotivolncishyielxtnttsirauiacencnchdariaotteaninnyeildmd.ss-dtoioahwrcikLxyleayiiliadtrdac(bhrbn1rtegoiav8evtexuiy2reaayl2ildimliyc)dinio.cnrjesnfugytleaouhriescnynsiyidgtd-mli(soto1ooapeni2xyfrnsi)otccot.epplhrrurtae)oNodns,dkeseoakuitnnicndeall
Polyglycols
vNthheaoenzatceirIlaydansetgelieieosxdsnitosihtfossahnssokbouiubnlftedepiarnbotrleiyhrtageipgtplriyhooocnrvotteiledsomderipdsbsjekuu(rit1nna8lteiu2skf2rfeeee)nl.scys,t,istwibzwuhateetirrsoeemnvoaahnllpalyovaremtsrboaauenrneseinttsolirrkpeyerp.loyodrUuttoescduef;aolnrmlyomil,ntdooaxidriicernqihteuaaftaflieatocetnito.nto
f5Lo0Dr-HmthUBvec-a5olru1na0ebs0b,iffto2lur5ria-dtHnhsg-ee2ar0mfe0ra5oalmeamnr1iadx.t7t7u7r5rae-tnHogoi-3nf15g4p.04tfo0rlmoyemaLxlh/kk5iybg.l9eit5bnweato.glloy>Twc6ho4slesinmlagonlLwed/-ekdrdgoimsebeswotelo;errcsoau.rlla5atl0ro-LxwHiDceBitiMg-y2hvw6ta0ilt,uhes cthome psxmjuonodths amruesmcleorien ttohxeici.ntAestdinoasle-wreallaltwedasgnraonteudlarinddegoegnsefreadtio2n5-Hof-2t0h0e5cyfotorptlwasom of ysfoheraorwtswn. .oTyThehearessiogwnnaliyfsicaaadnsvlceiegrhsoetfgetfrhfoiewscttfhinobddsienepgrrveiessdsiuoinnnknrinaotwsfenfm.edaNleuosp(ot1to2h)e0.r.5agd/vkegr/dseayefofefc2ts5-wHe-r2e005
68-26 HYDRAULIC FLUID
ACUTE TOXICITHYYODFTRASAEBULLLEEICC6T8F-E4LDUCIDOMPONENTS OF
Compound
Oral
(mg/kg)
Dermal
(mg/kg)
In(hpaplamti)on
tp2pttpprrr-heooiiien-cpllotoyyrthhsrpeaepeyttserhnhlhyrohyoalyyppe-ltltypxcehehrlyhnoreeioesinsstpseyoegphblll-hgaayaltccyetaocetlo.el trip(h2-oestphhyalhteexyl)
ttreitertaheythlpyhlossiplihcaattee ttertisfrillauic(o2ar-toeetthriyclhbluotryole)thane
Source: 47
LLLLLLDDDDDDlUj, [[[[[[rrrmrraaaaatttott]]]]]u:::::s34e1433]1260:,988070200550,500 - LLDDlo[[rhaut]m: a3n0]0:01000
LD [rat]: 37,000
LLDD^U, [[rraatt]]:: 11600000 LD* [rat]: 20,000 LDW[rat]: 43,000
-' -. --
--
--
-
2L0D,0^00[rabbit]:
-
_
L10C0u0-[4rathlr:
--
T87C,^0,00[r-a6t]:hr
HYDRAULIC FLUID
6 8 -2 7
fluidsNionctahrecidnioegteonricineffmecictes wdeerrmeaollbyseerxvpeodseidn troatsthoersaellycoamdpmoiunnisdtesre(1d3)U. con(rtm)
wgcCabalcyehylidrcdcareiopouoPlstm-xaoeimsytrl.tygerale4idynTbt3icdhuahoyottelceelifechddmntaahertnenoeecgdgnhetIlasayhndlncesiiogitnfsaallmmyilbllaceualpototoralpioeifobcl.dinodealdacSiRcsmhiemetdeeaosmgthodoteioshrifstmwaercptyuaooioossllpcsoynoisegeoinntmuPnhseriiwyslosoal)tgofererunwntantehthmodeigwcstlThthiyotoaochxfaotxirlcinraecaetsoebopeslfboofhffteicgrtiociycsoaxtittsieroGcenexdoustciufciowcdilmettheiyette,hpdhl(oyVa2uleitone2otnnl2hrudm5seysm)leo.egte(nflasyueEb2cc.oofhflleicciantss,
dd(2ee2pv2eo4Nlso)it.opioeadEndxvoianefmrrsoiaenxtaasctlhaifoeatnedngco2erfsymsmitnLaol/nscklkgiinne/dyicastayhlae,pdbcomoiloyirncethiitcshetamyelrleietcnudaeblt,uhgloleeyrscsohoalemfm4te0ha0tetroe(lkodaigudtmirncaeaetynliotp(n2ar2ern2vao4emta).elsetpedrescaified)
pPrhoopsOeprhrtgaieatseniwecshtpiechrhossmphaakteess tphoemssevssaleuxacbellelehnytdtrhaeurlmicafllusitdabciolimtypaonndencthsem(1i8c2a2l)s.olvency
IdetatrTohnfeicoafxsegeexruiteccirylascOitthlttuscyeisritohasigfognir,oannonolndoicnimsnsilmecueicsrndissrmpcattceeeirhlaomearuoiso.anndusetsdtpdehleeSahsctsibatamgiteioiltnnnnmoeundstaossrulcdoaotallchlafferprt,eentaitrohocmeecrnaxersoeprivsnacdupasoids,intreuaeiyerdlstcqy,ii/pgfuosomahahyrelnbetnsludnoptrstseaoweacmsslrarliasbeancsml,le,cgiiyvdunaosramenitesttoxtdsihhurocuorelenelafostsx.ytiucsntiosihoghvgtcTenheeersmhfitnrostee,oohexfabmmespnaelgouadscclsiaktreoniurntiocnhneyrd,fddilesbcaaa.hisrvnultltoeiidtaEosfloaigilnaonnecuerncaoetoltn,.omyofnfshibsotTceiiiemgnmahandteiinuoscnadxlhicaonighactcfaiiaelteoneistnandgi,otll.rinoaaf.l
nervous systems.
.
crddaSeoseeessmcgeuorelcpenCCtialaeehhistrnteareaeopdtdinitdnioeiwaicrnsrcictrh4ahuohdo9sfelmsoaioitnroihfgneaneasnitstnhdotaeirenrxcataortITspnienoeshmOsntoaoiCasncorlpPtlsfaiht..vthaliioteotDywen.sse,plRdaiTpnoyeoaasserxeltdtosiiccrcopouaeraftlfdarifooarernlalcyygntsasPditsnrraiiop-icrngoeerr-pcaminhprmoeaohsnnseyTprelhaxaonpliaxsdhtitnceeoeosnasrlnptovpihgemrtsyaooatdhelGsusalicu(sgdeTihduaOtaelesCaomftnooPdber)aeamase(un1ar3ya)b. le
Silicate esters
cianrolermmcitroapoTstostihoiusnceno.adtmtosIxptnihilncheeittatoeylilanytotjhiefoiecnnttnishokooenicfnuo4srooi0ttufh0es.orpsatipobWlmibcrhiataestbtenhysperirranoanspdtstduoilicfldsoeeoidrdsni7loitonurxhtasaoonnu(ste1irhes8sne/2vdt2arae)ary.rybybftwoIihntriedjeme3eyc0laetyi,,doaeiantndydsepomrfcroaaaedunt,uhsgaceyenedlddfsrmiostlirlmociarganthtasetliietnyt
68-28 HYDRAULIC FLUID eafnfdecltusn(g1,2l)i.ver, and kidney pathological effects. Inhalation of 88 ppm caused no Silicones wiaanblhsoosevonGebmese5epne7leiam0nrsad"hitlFieltvyedi,(dd1ius8nidal2tulios2cro)iwt.nnhgieteshdeaeeyrcfeeof.emnctSpostloigsdiihritsrtiaoitptnaeptmieonapfgrofirtinuoagortyrwhineiitrahrstiikentdaint2iso4ainlnihcdtooouncraetshu.peseoTelynyomoexiecchroasmrsnaabteteaeterlenimadlapsrmeempraaoagtryeuterdes iWrdraaestbhhvobeeawiInlntoneddpeinceygwhhdeuriadiorelneenedesdsieapcumralptfetaeeiagde4d,ad4niiw0snndy0igstthntrpeeeapmxacnmprsivoceieersfnriiiosrmytrraieist1rtnlai9rttgtisithhot,aoetntr.iaoi2inntn6sRcjrewatdecrbaiatetiybshaoseitn,tecsiHdonsiimMntwrejapiseStt.lchetclteiSaehvduieelcrsxoilenaxeadtmaarnrnasdeiedlntisheggkryhiimdlnatnfjdatdeeelicleysrytipelw4ordwex8eisaitisgnhhnihtooeoHtuns(rMtHsih(n.1MeS2t,Sh1e)3). ninojtecrSteeislduicloitnniteno rirrearstiistnasitnihotrnaadptoenroritaoibnnbfeilatulelsynkicn(e12oo)rn. ehyeeas.lthNwohetonxifcedefffoercts94wdeareysrteoporrattesd, awnhdendid shiniogcwnidiefRevicnaearctns,etafoetfdosixcniaycgsldteesifefsateuatcbrttyc.huelteLavsonietneleogou-otfsefr0iim.nn3jj%eefccetteAiioodnnnintigo(f1ofs3at0)mu..2diAmesLinfaonmrtiitfcwoeaomreypesaohrrostwesdehdosiwmaeigdlarrenaorteesrults; aDtrniimdfluePtoteohrrloyaypltdporihlomoepgenyitylchmlymeelftefhsteihycloyltxslpapoinnloeylrsycaislatiosluxosaxaennaddneenwr,oaetbrrebievsi(itdtasr,leisnmoortentctheehgysatalnistcigiluvoelesxayriw)npehhfmefeneanclytteselssriitleneapdnrreaof,bdoabrunictrdtsei.vperosdtuudctieivse (13). Other
Other components of hydraulic fluids include polyphenyl ethers. Studies with ,^wopnptmonrhoit-olnehibydnn-ituycssmofcrlkxmteiiliesnadc-t.sphfeiothenrrBretamnoainssxoces(hiudxipcoeyti-nwetppdythuhonriee(rr1ionnanr8oloigtt2xxaoa2yyutxn)ipjsi.odbcehnoeeinolnnoiznftygerlitnaa)chepeacetuelhscrteeeaietfruofm,eesnyebaceettiasesnl(rtomeiftaosei-ltlrsspslrto.hsiuwteanwTnitndioihotgexhenrysinpserienahhcvtaesoseln.kamryitenlipP)oecohnttoueehnnsnoetddofrsils,tviwicaoawipnntdehodserrgeasrrarpaoebdrrbaaeicctxtstiopoincenaatcnaltldceytd
HYDRAULIC FLUID Hydraulic Fluid Additives
6 8 -2 9
cdoamtapIoonfufonsrpdmescaiatfiriocenbaadrivdeaiftililyvaebdsli.escounsseadddbiteilvoews.usRedefeinr htoydTraaublliec 6fl8u-i5d foirs ltihmeitaecdu. teSetolexcictietdy
2.6-di-tert-butvl-p-cresol
BHT2,,6is-Duis-etedrta-sbuatnylo-px-idcraetsioonl, imnhoirbeitcoorminmosynnlythkentiocwcnraanskcbausteyloaitledanhdydhryodxryatuolliucefnlueidosr.
ctprhaaotressctin-BantunroHmedgaTebtmnmeirinecwhneohitfbwiliwpetasuisttlhhtmnueeomBgniHaonatrcrTiiiyvgdee(ea1nnd(7e1ces)e7n.is)oo.mwTf hhahseeenpiNnamCdtouuImcltebaidipsolaebisnysddauouysrceeefsotdhraabrcnyeaer2acw-dianemcoreiegnteyianslautiecmgrmeeindfefonebfctleeutdfsoororbeefyneBaHanTd in
(17).A reported teratogenic effect of anophthalmia in rats has never been duplicated
deppcieDnaxnoreodvpodrssiueigeotet-cyrVrpo-dti,ednlmaiesaoaeerspsnenpaiemeonddlenuotnicadcsftpdaloeavemmrnaneinfttniotciticbiirrecrmrrepsfuoeoaahadlswstsuolouia.smsmhllcoiiftwtalgLeiie(oleidhi1cnvsseea7euennl)orixr.zncavtypccrniumhgvuedrroamreorrensbewesg,dilotoyesaxhsucnfyhhrfdgirfioengeaemmrhnatreeniacdmdftaaoisonnlal,hsldscoeecmsrmswhieaviaacelooevnesdrfeegrhodaBhetelnhsaamHsdegryhToenaBmers.tvrpHhooheieAntTfahsbkgditeseeeehvlyesxieeoansprfilseonioenphdstbuoicaeedslrpmufeiteafdrhda.etyveegcimecdetdpsissliemnei,innnulotcrmaeolasrutiltgchdieseae,mndwndehaansitca,hl
BHT is mildly irritating to human skin and severely irritating to rabbit eyes (17).
Fhenothiazine
murointoaArrytaoactnnivteiistteyipmatienc,d. paChletuenrroretphnsityalcyzh,inoiteticiwsbaaesnhuaismveidporoirn(t1ah7nu,t1m6a)an.ntipmsyecdhicoitnice darsuganuasendthteolmdiinmtiicniashnd
plehuoktooSpsideenensieiatf,ifveeictoytssinhooafpvhepihlaielans,ooatbhnediaeznhienrmeepoinolyrcttliuecddaeinnteompxhiiace.nhoeDtpheairtamiztiiasnteiatnitsdr,ehjaaytuepdnedrisinceden,isviltiedivuuiktayols,cya(t1no7ds,i1s,6)
68-30 HYDRAULIC FLUID
ACUTE TOXICITY OF SELECTTEADBLAED6D8I-T5IVES OF HYDRAULIC FLUID
Compound
(mOrga/kl g)
Dermal (mg/kg)
In(phpamla)tion
- 2,6p--dcir-etesortl-butylphenothiazine
pyridine
quinoline hydroquinone :<.phneanpyhl-tahlyplhaam-ine triethanolamine 2-naphthol zttrriniipc-chorerodstshyiptlohh-piacohrtpeeohssyoplshpahtaete diisobutylketone
Reference: 47
LD,, [rat]: 890
-. -
LLDDW^ [[rcahti]l:d]5:040205
-
_
-
LD [rat]: 891
LDM[rat]: 331 LLDD^W, [[rhaut]m: a3n2]0: 29
L11D21l,, [rabbit]: L54D0 [rabbit]:
i'h-4L0C00-[4rath]:r
" "-
,
LDW[rat]: 1625
-
-
LDjo[rat]: 8680
-
-
LD* [rat]: 2420
-
-
LLLLDDDD^^U,, [[[[rhrraaauttb]m]:b:ai3t4n]06:]0:82001103000
-
-
-'
LD* [rat]: 5750
2L0D,0M00[rabbit]: 2L5L00CC00l^, [[4rhauhtm]r:an]:
HYDRAULIC FLUID
6 8 -3 1
Tri-ortho-cresvl phosphate (TOCP) enfefuercoTtsmOouCfsPcTuOliasCrkPnp,orowsbenleemtCoshca(ap2u2tse1er6)p4,e9riFopofhrethraaislcoGnmeuripvdloeeu.tes sdyisscteumssiodnamoafgteheleatodxinicgoltoogical Zinc dithiophosohate o(2ra3!17ZL)Di.njco dviaallukeylodfitghrioepatheorspthhaante2(Zg/DkgDPbw) haansdaalodwermacaulteLDsystveamluice tionxiecxitcyeswsitohf a3ng/kg tnpAhorseonsud-airUurdircnndiegtdisatiiatlvmiunnetdogeid.dneexrZPhfaoyrDtldoeiDarloattPniouoglnisiecsedv(fa2elcu3rosi1eedn7vste)ea.rarcynettdhweeysimtyehnaitruharnenitdtdaiicnleut;cdtreehadmonwaZk.ceDavsDeRerPe,optiielhssae,tieridsrdiiltruacettogeinnadtgradpctertodordtaehussecutl,stksuinsinedanads co(ato2onfx2ndmi1sc6erIanc)eel.ulefafstetuirSevcabdotebcsmbhwtoioreteofse.sbnZktoiucsDDddyetrDioerewxsPmsuiecsali(uitglt1egyh2dagt1spet7islpnuo)tl.dsidcstihaeesaatci,ntrodeZntahDsroeeeDfddmPu5sacpetlpeeodrrirm2mfe5opa%ocrrdoioluydZcnuoaDtcnsftDfsieavuPcnemtdeefpdifsvtfioeetomhcndteesaryramtseetphsaatreyiorcwdbuteuelhaecarkptnihvafyetotrsorioooprttlhghohaegryneicesal Pyridine absorPpytriiodninies insoatbssiogrnbifeidcafnrtomalththoeugrhespcoirnattaocrtymanady rgeassutlrtoiinntedsetrinmaaltittriasc.ts.ShSorkti-nterm taodxmicineisfftreacttisoninoafnpimyraildsinaeretolinrkatesdptroodcuencetrdalhenpearvtooruesndalepdraemssaiogne. (1P7r).olonged daily snptlureaoanvuscgetsh-r.eAieenaoc,Agvbueofrtsasmeotmtinioitgtcaoniuhlnx.leiigtcoi,aiAsrtndayuwdilatrhodremirposchusehseyneltatwi,raonaelgfhsvdy2efptearhpetoloeormrdpue3ygstsprhhimeutoexlnLmitaion,o(p1gnrya7eearns)srid.tudyiliotndeneedflrieoironmfimuasmmeavaa.sennprdiDaprlaermtaooiedtoumhnuncbcooerecdfascnupomoryfurirlesidpddyianr4nied3oiirnhneeotxouiparr,tshodeuced Hvdroquinone gSeynsteerHmaylildcyreodfqefesuccirntisobneinedcilasusdirdereitptraietgmimnogernstotaatntihdoenc.sokniFnvautblasuliothnnusomtpalcunosrdrooocssceiavsseir.oannSagkl,einsferlvoeemsrioe5nhsteoimn1o2mlyagtinrcamarse.
68-32 HYDRAULIC FLUID hanydemroiqa.uinNooneefdfaeiclyt wfoars.trherpeoertteodfifvoellomwoinntghshu(m17a)n. ingestion of 300 to 500 mg 68.3.4 Levels of Concern dvioretusaNLlloiystcfarriecteerriftiareoromiornostifalonradnoadirldgasrnesdapsegecr,iefpiacasreftoiwcruhhliacyrhdlyrraweuqliituchirferluesgiddaorwdmeetrosetitclaoscwtaeatteaednr.dsuEopdPpoAlri.e(s2t0o12b)e
6 8 3 3 Hazard Assessment :^rtasmaoeapvantpasatsieedilTaartadinirbozaidlxtaletisitvo.crireooaebsnlbLgoebuaig(mirse1itcedsy9iadtie3n(el26dgiodn2)r.a3tahvt1nsaae,kimril1icnooaa9culr3iarsc6strit)enifutdooabdrgnumifeetotsnsur.ailacsalhulistttyogihyodg,onrienuamssdgu.tuh(ilci2ltcoaa2swtgp3Qee3eunct)tio.ihidcfxseiiictIcyanpi,frtooyegotreermbsnncyruetaiernloapaartltrl.ai,ofolodhnNrauysnodcidhntridaacvdaruveeetelraiaecmspfaefQraedrolucedittrdsucoosucxuoeridtcfdreoietstnyhntielnodystuee ^.^.megsc.cAihxaoggpininnn/coomcikftLse(hie3enc2onedaot2nrsrn3fgartwi3-taant)ithpeho.spiranachmetlshhaxotouhswiiplpoinobehnhgirtaatyoeestlteadiui-1tnnbdi1aoday0dnissroermtogeideunsxgs,ggpu/hmhumolytis3edscoudhrocnraaoakeiubntne,llttyieicoptsnh,ofuQareoooourrumdmidsegrilsaayreftttoofhsfoorf;eomfocrulitpfipmsnuhtgbptoirnoesaptdapon4authder9ca1adet6laedye3xr-sdapbibdsbeoayacbsswyruieTtseadrsOasepseshCnrexyooP(pdid2tnore2u(sad32cbeu3e2dolid)3indc.0tyon)rQ.Saowu1bimei0bdi0giitlhaastrtalynd
68.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS
wcmcmooiaantlljjhceooecDrrtntieimcctotrooeneammrtmaoipponfooindnnnasaeedtornniieofsttpstntacrhgnaeoeetscfeneecgnetoohfrtrnaraeotsilelmitpyvsitreuaetinehtfstineeerhntlisdybsc,iduetsraetaeaondmoufdlfpihtceoliyvnedQeihrtanuiayaniuddldtlrshicacelohuanQalbcitvcoouaernimQdasbsttuioineitirdeanuysnte;isnoaoihntndisolaewdlntayhutensiveieGdsmeertwfdos,oeartlwathvesteeerhaste,trhrheeewsleqpairfulteioliincvlrvligeeofa.siwrcytiTnhghe:e
AOSCPPStiohryrlrloicgoayclmasiogogpnnlpahyhiaetctcaisroctaaeleanfsshfntdieyednsrdsbtsresroiralcsin.accarhbteeodnessctherasin
aliphatic .
hydrocarbons
(paraffins)
HYDRAULIC FLUID
6 8 -3 3
waAoeaptcGahlhnrnprounCeiarapunaGol/lrlyacMtyfmAdoeiCsilzepipisaeSqsl/,bardMdctuloieocwtaogewSombcttiecrnetoyhxahbhaomsitpsniGincfrndoohphiaaCqaelrtyolcvhrtyu/atneiwamseeoeorneitdsrenisiantst.)osahtGwpnso(smuoerAsifCsusti.ipimghnpqtfc/nl.Moeauea,gdhrtcprertSityeiiollirrslliuxdcyluioqoafthcrtmumosrirhaoloariyourldseencorglatttciorra,hmscsoiotyponnerlwtpflueiirilc(iflcscdumitGelpfaihuisilfdnrenCuciobcscoonor./igonlrMorefcuaniaoeeocmwsOtStdemuhdti)iccnhtrlaitphohseatonusromce,oneaohlncubfmempmrheitu)edoonnapasmencyptililt,oqisneeorqansnruigcgtuop,ecaoterriqsosensagdaosnurpn-tosxmltiaothdiirrfhhbpqyaealaelhuiayeytnnnysni(itdtoaeG;bypepbonleryrCetra,esesehxaru)isscsetsamatesoro;.antenavunpindasotcalilodl(dtncerySleitasiinzodgoadtt(eacuimhphdoiwsosserdynpalniibedloctlmeniyhrormncbtapltigueGeutalfeoemtynldCahiscnnGotihddonCers. fglluyicdosl,, ih.ea.v, ebebnezeennea,ddtorleusesende,inxyplerneevsio, uesthcyhlabpetenrzse.)ne, naphthalene, TOCP and ethylene
wtcctrhrhaooiotancuhsrhtleeaeAdlrnocdltrttnteeoehrosirtesictrnsritdaqfbiilbtceueuisfevaoidtennr(hlioety.aeidee,tb.ta,mhotathiacvseveoneaeames"nfudomoyareirnletomedmanarqnaemmtsduneoieetrnlgoauiaraousbetlufsiiarolrsaieanetendync"dooaigcvfnbrosesagorntovriertlloideiumcusnthapefetlrmtsorocqirpmoacuolnafaefllsenlcuby.xtoo;eitmtrrytaomhpceoeoettfianhoeseaanxunntrstrewepsa)di.ectw.chtiiiToftTihnhchesmicisomoemidtlihlepaatoroendrndpsmehngaiynrrtseeaibcataiusoletn
faonrdsAp(egcd/giefitfceocrctoinomonnp-loiamnqeiuntetfosourisshseyaxdmpreapculteleiscd. ftluoidbse ciannnthoet rbaengdeeteorfmjxinge/Ld;fotrheaqdueeteocutsiosnamlimpliets
68.5 REFERENCES Nthoetye:apTpheearnoinnstehqeuemnatisatelrnbuimblbioegrrsaopfhyt.he references reflect the order of references as
1. AMlidlrwicahukCeeh,emWiicsaclonCsoin.:1A98ld4.ricAhldCrihchemCicaatlalCogo.,HIanncd. book of Fine Chemicals 2. ADmoceurmicaenntaCtioonnfeorfentchee oTfhGreosvheorlndmLeinmtiatl VInadluuesstr,ia4lthHeydg.ieCniisntcsin(nAaCtiG, OIHh)io.1980. 4. MAMmaertehyrloiacdnasdn:-SAWomcaieetretirycaafnonrdSToEecnsievtitinyrogfnoamrnedTnetMastlaintTegericaahnlnsdo1lM9o8ga3yt.er(ASianelcsn.tuioanl BIIo)o. kEaosftoAnS,TM 5. ASprreinnag,fiJe.lMd,.Il1l9in7o9i.s:PoCihsoanrliensg.CT. oTxhicoomloagsy.PuSbylmisphteorms.s. Treatments. 4th ed.
68-34 HYDRAULIC FLUID
6. dCMLpBeooHeeftnirde.ntk;niricottaaHiiwcaolatilntRrzNers,enitossJvuoe..idnaBrDir,o.e;cAnJshm.GMEoaoen.D;nnyd1etsRaer7ol,lD-es7eMcee7ftnvf-.eeMebCdlclo-a.t7;pcst0htmH,o3efam7eDrn.sir.tecHFiasleCo,.l-csroJ1.tt.me9CVDd7m.8o;eo.latLurrnLimgydciamk.tene,ariIncaFI,trpu-WeordCle.leJuhrr.t;ieecamvkHnii,tesoswtM.mryFD-e,i,:nptoaRrUlxo..ibARSclo.e;elmpAoNogrryemtlk,yaennd,
10. CEPCII.an..;lv1lDRai9rhue7oapr9nnf.ome,rWeetM,naNRt.taAeo.lrL.;-P;ErSrePlWoliamAttehe-aci4dktt4im,o0enoMn/4rv.e-AWi7,rg9o.Fe-;nn0.CmG2c.y9e;a,anbMtOeaalalnf,fedifNscate.-rtW0ei,o2.o9fB;bf.WM;,1MWa2ay9teaa,rbpsIher.PPyiionl,.a;rgWnitFtonyo.niRwnp,.gol;DelrlaH.uC,ntodJ.a:l.ntRS,Uts.tB;a.,Sn.JVR.deo.an;lrn.dGinsIo.gausn,ldd,
12. TSCoolanxysict,ooInlno,cgG.y,.D3.r;dCrleavy.toend,.,FV.Eo.l,. e2dAs,. 21B98,1T. oPxaicttoyl'osgyIn. dNuestwriaYloHrky:giJeonhenaWndiley and
13. TCInolcax.yictoonlo,gGy,.D3.r;dCrleavy.toend,.,FV.Eol.,. e2dCs,. T1o9x8i2c.oPloagtyty. 'sNIenwduYsotrrika:l HJoyhgnieWneilaenydand Sons,
14. DMecaGnr,aJw.A-H.,ileldB. o1o9k79C. oL.ange's Handbook of Chemistry, 12th ed. New York:
16. PPGhuilbamrlimasnha,icnAogl.oGCg.io;c.a,GlIonBoca.dsmisaonf, TLhSe.r;aGpeilumtiacns,, 6Ath 1e9d8.0.NGewooYdmorakn: ManadcmGiilllmanan's The
'" 17. TGWooixlskiscienolilsnog,CyRo.o.Ef.;CSommimthe,rcRia.Pl.;PrHooddugctes,, H5t.hC.;edB.rBadadltoimcko,reJ:.ET. h1e98<W4.ilClialimniscaalnd
21. TGercahynsoonlo,gMy,.;3rEdckerdo.thN,eDw.,Yeodrsk.:1J9o7h8n. KWirikle-yOtahnmdeSroEnsn.cyclopedia of Chemical
23. YHoarwkl:eyV, aGn.GN.o,setrda.n1d9.81. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 10th ed. New
30.
LFtCh4iero9nen6te,e2-rp0L,-hW8Ea2sn.-e;CgiGs-n0yea0sert3erb5mian.rsgTm. yaFi,nnidnDdaa.llSl1eRAr9ev8Fpi3cBo.e,rsPtFaLL(raEt:biStoAiLorina-rTtinoFRrgoy-r8e.cq3Ae-u5DiEl1i-)bnA,rgi1Cian3oe7oneftr2riv0nao7cglt.aatNnilode.
pollutants Services
in
HYDRAULIC FLUID
6 8 -3 5
47. .
ANRveagatiiioslatnrbaylleoItnfhsTrtoiotuuxgitceh EothfffeeOcNctscautoipofantCaiohlneLamilbicrSaaarlfyeStouybfasMntadendcHiecesian(letRh'sT(EMNCEIOSD)SLHDAa)R.taSbassyes.te1m9,84.
60. MUU..1SS6..4CC6o5oa.a1ss2tt GGCuuOaaMrrddD. 1I(N9A7Sv8Ta.i.lCaWbHlaResIhUSiSnHgGtaoz.nPa,.rOdDo..,CuSs.:tCoDchkeepmNairocta.ml0e5Dn0at-t0oa1f2RT-0er0pa1on4rs7tp-oN2r)ot.a.tion,
62. waUda.Svtae.rnEcrneedvgiurnloaonttmiioceenn,otvafolplaPrtroiolpetoessceytdniotnhrueAlteicgmeoanrkcgiynagn1.i9cF8c2eh.deeNmraaitlciaoRlnseagilnisrtedevrriisn4ek7di(n4pg3r)iw:ma9ate3rry4;9d.rinking
100. cNhaltoiroonfaolrmCaWncaesrhIinngsttiotnu,teD1.C97.6M. Rarecphor1t97o6n. carcinogenesis bioassay of
183. v2MWi4na6ayl:glt1oo9cnn5hei-,lr2o,C1rJi8.d,..Ke1.9-e7Pd6.os.lPyAvrienndnyialcltCsivhoelfovrtaihldueee.NoNefwewcaYrYocorinkrokgA:ecNnaeedsweismYbyoioroakfssSAacycisae.ndSceemasfy.fioTotoif,xSiUcci.it;eyncoefs
305. Subcbapter C - Hazardous materials regulations. 49CFR171-177
309. Constituents prohibited as other than trace contaminants. 40CFR227.6
351. Toxic pollutants. 40CFR401.15
355. Federal Register 1980. Water quality criteria documents; availability. 45:79318.
505. RNeaaticotnioanlsF. iQreuiPnrcoyt,ecMtiAon: NAFssPoAci,atPiounb,lic1a9t7io5n. MNaon. u4a9l1Mof-1H9a7z5a.rdous Chemical
507. MmaanteurfiaacltuSraefrest.y Data Sheets and other safety-related data from chemical
511. 0AEH7na6mvt,aieryPotahBnmo8mad0,e-n2fHo2tar.1Kl0d.0R;e5teC.esrehmaernicn,hinJ.gLJ.a;tbhdoeerVacoteomrrayp,,aEtCi.biRnil.ci;tiynSntoaeftpi,hhaeOnzHasr,.dRoEu.DsP.;AwSaRstrteeopsm.o,rMtDu6.nL0i.0c,/i2p1-a98l800-.
515. MSDc.co,Gwerd,asKw. .H-H1a9inl8ld2Bb. ooRooakkteoCfoof.CbheiomdiecgarlaPdarotipoenr.tyLyEmstainm,aWtioJn.;MReetehhold, sW. N.Fe.;wRYooserkn:blatt,
529. HeMdacsr.GriHrsa,awJn-.dHb1i9oll8o2kB.ooRofkaCteChoeom.f ihcyadlrPolryospise.rtLyymEsatnim, Wati.Jo.n; RMeeethhlo,dWs..FN.;ewRoYsoernkb:latt, D.,
68-36 HYDRAULIC FLUID
535. SCuobusntcainlcoesf.E4urMoapyea1n97C6o.m(7m6u/4n6i4ti/eEsEDCi-rOecJtivLe12o9n, 1th8eMDaiysch19a7rg6)e. of Dangerous 536. C19o7u8n.c(il76o/f65E9u/EroEpCe-aOnJCLom22m2,un14itiAesugDuisrtec1ti9v7e8)o.n Fis-hing Water Quality. 18 July 537. Council of European Communities Directive on the Quality Required of Shellfish
Waters. 30 October 1979. (79/923/EEC-OJ L281, 10 November 1979). 538. (C8o0u/6n8c/iEl EoCf E-OuJroLpe2a0n, 2C6oJmanmuuanriytie1s98D0i)r.ective on Groundwater. 17 December 1979 542. MCoaurnchcil1o97f8E. uropean Communities Directive on Toxic and Dangerous Waste. 20 787. ALJ8C1u39auol7/byug40eun6;l17scl9i7ti/nlE71g15/oE19;foC6477f4E,6;/uDE/29ar9Ea0son7CpJag/ue,EmelaryE2neo9nCu1Cd9,Mse8o3dSa3m0r)u.bcmbDhysuet6n1ac9i9ent/7mic8e1e1sb;s/.eED7'r2E3i7r/1C1e9J4c,7u6t61in/v;E9eeE7M19oC9n/a8,6r37cC2,1h5l/a(E6J1sEs97ui6/Cnf5i9ec,4;a811t7/5i9E0o7/nEO13,;8CcP9t7o/a-5Ebc/OEek4r0aJC9g,1/LiEn9117gE499C6,aM,n,da11r64ch ";1217. Sp12aesn:9tdi9ce9ird-s1e,0sP1f.2Fr.o.;mSemiboedre,lJs.oNi.l a1n98d3w. Aatecrhdamispboesralfosrysmteemas.uCrihnegmvooslpahtielirzeation of
1490. oSfeasgeelerc, tVed.Wp.h; oHspichkast,eOe.s;teMrsi.chEanevl,irPo.nR..;ScTi.ucTkeecrh,nSo.lE. .1139:87490.-E84n4v.ironmental fate 1496. eHnovwiraorndm, ePn.Hts..; BDuello.,EPn.Gvi.ro1n9.7C9.onDteagmra. dTaotxioicnolo.f2a2r:y3l37p-h3o4s4p.hates in aquatic 1793. 3P7r3opFoisnaall.fo4r JaulCyo1u9n8c5i.l Directive on the Dumping of Waste at Sea. Com (85) , 1821. oMHInnutoemntrhoanegnarstEai.opvVnahaolsull.aoAtn3igo3etnhnecGoyfeEnftvohearvelauRC:aetaWisroecnoairrnlocodhfgeHtonheniecalCCtRhaainsrOkcciernorgofag(nICeAinzhaiRectmCioRi)nci.askl1s9ot8fo3.CHhuWemmoaricnkasiln.sgItAoGRrCoup 1.822. RGeuinnhdoerldsonP,ubRli.Csh.i,nHgaCrto,rpAoWra.t,ioend.s. 1962. Synthetic Lubricants. New York:
HYDRAULIC FLUID
68-37
1823. CBthioegnidrsae,rrevR-arJtei.foinna.inndCgoApnsotsrtoeacncittaiatNel.so.U1D.9S8E.0-.DAReTpe1tv9,i-eo7wf8BEoCfne3ar0lgl2y2l,u7bD,ri8ivc3aisnipot.snuosfedInidnusthtreiaUl .ESn.earngdy
1824. GMuctGhrraiew, -VH.iBll.,Beodo.k1C96o0m. pPaentyro. leum Products Handbook, 1st ed. New York:
1825. Hhiagghn-paeurefro,rmG.aSn.;ceBloiqwusied, cBh.Mro.m1a9to8g1r.aAphnya.lyLsiusborfichaytidornauElincgfinlueiedrsinugsin3g7:336-343.
1826. oCfotEtonner,gFy.,OD.,iv1i9si8o2n, WofaIsntdeuLsturbiarlicEatninerggyOiCl:onAsenrvAantinoont,atpedp. R1e6v3ie-w18.3.U.S. Dept,
1827. SUMcnahiret.eted5l.icShta, tAes; PaTtuenntkeNl,oN. .4;,50B2r,o9w70n.awEexllx,oDn.tR1e9se8a5r,cLhubanridcaEtinngginoeilercionmg pCoos.i;tion.
1829. MMiIlLit-aHry-1S9p4e5c7ifCic(aStHio)n, DHeypdtr,aoulficDFeflueinds,e.FirAepRrielsi2s8t.ant, Non-Neurotoxic, 1981,
1831. M19i7li7t,arMy ISLp-eFc-i4fi7c1a7ti4oAn(MHyI)d,raDuelipct,FolufidD,ePfeentrsoel.euOmctB, a7s.e Intermediate Viscosity,
1832. MOrilditnaarnyceS,pe1c9i8fi0c,atMioInL-HHy-d5r6a0u6lEic, fDlueipd,t,PoeftrDoleefuemnseB.asAe;ugA. i2r9c.raft, Missile, and
1833. FMliiglihtatrVy eShpieccleif,ic1a9t6io6n, MHyILdr-aHu-l2ic76F0lu1Aid(,UPSeAtrFo)l,euDmepBt,asoef, DHeigfehnTsee.mpJaenra.t7u.re,
1834. oBMfailsDieta,erfAeynirSscepr.eacftiM,ficMaarte.ito2rni5c.,HNydartoauClicodFeluNidu,mFbireer RHe-s5i3s7ta,n1t9, 8S6y,nMthTetLic-HH-8y3d2r8o2cCar,bDonept,
1835. MMeiltirtaicr,y 1S9p8e4c,ifMicaILti-oHn-8H1y0d1r9aDul,icDfelpuitd, ,oPfeDtreofleenusme. BMasaer,.U3l0t.ra-Low Temperature,
1836. HFNeyobdr.trha2u8Al.itclaFnltuicidsT,rPeaettyroOlerugmaniHza-5ti1o5n,aMndiliHta-r5y20A.geMncAySfo(rAIstRa)n4d3ar-dFiz&atLio0n7,4189.85,
1841. PmRroiocgrteeorcbsti,iooJlno.EgAi.cga1el9n8lci6ty.e,rAaAnttuahreeern.osbR,iecGptoArratnsNfoor.mEaPtiAon/60p0r/o3c8e6s/s0e4s2:,aUr.eSv.ieEwnvoirfotnhme ental
1842. DNaerwt,YRo.rKk.:; EStlrseevttioenr,SRci.eJn. t1if9i8c0P. uMbliicsrhoibnigolCogoimcaplanasyp, ects of pollution control.
68-38 HYDRAULIC FLUID
1936. ARMeApaMcoErRtw:Le1-nT9,8RJ5.-.D8H5.;-a0Vr5re8ym. GAo.tD,A-EArm.1H6s.t1r51o59n88g.5.ATerooxsicpaHceazMareddsicRaelsReaersceharUchniLt aAbnonrautaolry. 1986. JCuonuenc1i9l7o5f (E7u5/r4o3p9e/aEnECC-oOmJm1u9n4i,tie2s5 DJuirlyec1ti9v7e5)o.n Disposal of Waste Oils. 16 1987. hFyeddreorcaalrRboengisftrearcti1o9n8;7.finEatlhyteltsotlusteannedsa, rtdrsimaentdhyrlebpeonrzteinngesraenqduirtehme eCn9ts.ar5o2m:2a5t2ic2. 1988. C9 aromatic hydrocarbon fraction. 40CFR799.2175 2012. WU.aSs.hEinngvtiorno,nmDCen:taUl.SP.roEtnevctirioonnmAegnetnaclyPr1o9t8e6c.tiQonuaAlitgyenCcryi.teEriPaAfo4r4W0/5a-t8e6r.-001. 2-216. TEoyrrdeso,irA, RW.;.FM. 1o9ly8n3.euHxe,aMlth.Ka.Bsp.;ecPtesaorsfolnu,bJr.iWca.n;tsS.aPnBde8r3s-o1n6,86J7.T4..; Simpson, B.J.; ;.,-.2223. Wglyiclsoolnv,eChi.Gcl.e;s.TPhhoamrams., INn.tWem. a1t9.854:.9I4n-9te7r.action of tissues with polyethylene , 2224. Prentice, D.E.; Majeed, S.K. 1978. Toxicol. Lett. 2:119-122. (As cited in 2223) 2225. EPHhdealrirocmlhd,a,cRDo.lF..A.6;51:9R382o29d.-e3Th3oe5xa.ivc(ieAtry,soGcfi.tTteod.;piiBcnaell2la2pm2o3lyy),etWhy.Tle.;neFigttlyocno,l.LT.Aox;icBorlu. nAs,ppDl..E.; 2228. EWnovrilrdonHmeeanltthalOHregaalnthizaCtirointer(iWa 2H0O. )Ge1n9e8v2a. :SeWleocrtleddHPeeatlrtohleOumrgaPnriozadtuioctns. 2230. ehSxyiepdgereraliu,mlJiec.;nftRlauluidda.onTlipmohxa,ilcsHool.S.f.A;lopGnpgel-t.tzePkrihmna,rcmAoaJnc.t;oinlJ.uo7on:ue5ss4,3in-R5h4.aA9la. t1io9n65o. fEaffetrcitasryolnphosphate 2231. sGKtu.indAkieersamdos,tnrEot.nwRg.o;AaHeirroorfstooprnac,eceJh.RMyd.;erdaGuicalaiwcl ofRrlusekisdie,sarC(cM.hLL.;LOSabo8ol2or-ma2t3oo3nrya1An9d8A5MM. ARLcOLu-tT8e2Rt--o58x85i5c-)0i.t7yH0.arry
AD-A163/74. 2233. TAMeFcaAhcMnEiwcRaeLln,-RTJeR.pD-o.8r;3t:V-6e14m9.8Ao3t.D, A-EAr.HlF3.6o11r97c8e03..ATerooxsipcaHceazMareddsicRaelsReaersceharUchniLt aAbnornautaolry. 2317. Hpeetwroslteounme, iRnd.Kus.tr1y9.85R.eEgunlvaitr.oTnmoxeincotal.l Phheaalrtmhaacsopl.ec5t:s28o4f-2a9d3d.itives for the
HYDRAULIC FLUID
6 8 -3 9
3016. AQluaaslkitay WStaatnedrarQdus,alliatystSatmanednadredds 11/978/78.7.AAlalsakskaaA, dTmitlienis1t8r,atCivheapCtoerde7,0W. ater 3135. WCoamtemr oQnuwaelaitlythStoafnVdairrgdisn,ia11S/1ta/8t8e. Water Control Board Regulations 1988. 3141. NMaCnIoHdOrnTSTwAHeec-,l8hl,D7n-Rie0cp.a3;al9rS-At1tma8srs3eki7ns,ttaGOno.lcfde1H9BP8eer7ano.lgthHCraoemaaanll,dthCDHoihvmuaismzpiaoaarnnndyo,SefveBraRevlnueicsateoptsini,or,naMtIolrolriernypgooaDirsnt.itsoMNewaoisnn.e,inWSgtuVHdAaiezsa,rd 3220. 8F/l3o0r/i8d8a. Water Quality Standards 1988. Florida Water Quality Standards 17.-3, 3337. J9tra:i5ra6vr1hy-ol5plm6h6o,.sBph.;aJteohaanndsspoonl.,ynBe.;urLoapvaetnhiyu:s,ABc.;asTeorreelpl,orGt.. A1m98.6J. .EIxnpdo. sMureed.to 3432. M12a/3s1sa/8c3h.usetts Water Quality Standards 1983. Massachusetts 314 CMR 4.00. 3501. N1/e9w/89Y. ork Public Drinking Water Standards 1989. Code Revision, effective 3539. rOuclceu. pFaetdio. nRaelgSisatf.et5y4:a2n3d32H. ealth Administration 1989. Air contaminants: final 3587. RWeagtuerlatQiounaliNtyo.S2tanadsaarmdsenfodredS.urface Waters of the State of Arkansas 1988. 3672. South Dakota Water Quality Standards 1989. South Dakota Chapter 74:04:02. 3683. dSotactuemWenattaetrioPnr.oDgreacmems bTeerle1p9h8o8nethSrouurvgehyF1e9b8r9u.arPyer1s9o8n9a.l communication and 3719. NSuerbfraacsekaWWateartesroQf uthaelitSytaSttea,ndreavridssed19e8f8fe.cNtievbera8s/2k9a/8W8.aTteirtleQu11a7li.ty Standards for 3763. 5fUo1.r:S2.e0xE4i2snt9vi,nirgaonnadmnd1e9nn8tea8wl, 5Ps3ro:ou4tr0ec5ce6tsi2o.onf4A0pgoCellnFucRtyio4n01:3986A65.ptpGoexennicdeirpxaolBll.purtaentrtesa. tFmeedn.tRreeggiuslta.ti1o9n8s6, 3852. WWyyoommiinngg GWraotuenrdQwuaatelirtsy, R12u/l8e4s, aCnhdapRteegruVlaItIiIo.ns 1984. Quality Standards for
68-40 HYDRAULIC FLUID 3853. WWyyoommiinngg SWuartfearceQWuaaltiteyrsR, Culheaspatenrd IR. gulations 1984. Quality Standards for
i
COMPLEX MIXTURES for thisTlehsiss wcheallp-dteerfindeedalsgrwoiuthp aofcocommppleoxunmdisxtwuraes amnodd/oifriecdlaasss onfecceosmsapryoubnudts.folTlohwesfothrme aotuutlsinede of earlier chapters as do6ely as possible. It should be noted, however, that the composition of these materials can vary according to the route of synthesis, the formulating ingredients added, tthhee innatteurraectoiofntshoe fmthateeraiactlivtheaitngisreudltieimntast,eolyr uthtielizsetdoraangde cpornodbaitbiolynsa.reTrheeflseectfeadctoinrsmcaannyinofflutehnece experimental findings reported in the following chapters.
The typical components and approximate composition of the mixtures are provided if that information was available. Physical/chemical properties often were not available or varied depending on formulation. Many of these mixtures are blended to modify their physical properties according to the intended use. Furthermore, the formulations vary with season as well as with geographic locations of product use. In some cases, therefore, the range for the class of compounds was given.
In addition to the data for the mixture itself, the chapter that follows also contains sections on the principal components and major additives of the mixture, their fate in the environment and a brief overview of their toxicity.
ta-'H
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
CCHSOEITMMIOIPCONAL
BBCreyaanclnklzoyceahlnlbekeedsannzaaeenlskndaesnes
69-1 LNPoiahnlpyyedhnartruhoccaalaellkearnabrenoasenrssom(Cautic- C)
REACTIVITY
5oemcrhHtyoexx1yyipampi1dsddic)clrcpio.treozaioasloepllictlrnaveyiasbrnser.oieeblwmxviootTioiuyndatlhshtvecebeseclr,oslaoieexahsomnislerdosdiabfiisistzlumcst,iasranaftotargyiiinernboedgmlnr,eteyiosfanppouuxneuirleicdrtdrlaafspillizltlnaooyiamsnaxreacigiemsncnid.cauasooegsb,rmxSuelopuneafprlctllogalmashy.satmaiinsbcoRtmuilenlcaeebrasaisbp(swact5ilelatfei0sriitnoe5hogcfdn,xoaessirs5sdtae0rwseso7sin,tihongr
CPHHDEYAMSTIICCAOAL
VVBASHLOBFOSSSPCDFFgdPuaoolhlriooioauedderaayoastilreynilgpntoeuldocsmnrcolfesosahiroorra.btoeriAnzii(i:mtycsrc/:tngiteOegCciTlaPyd'eint/sicramoPl:MtcyosohL.ibPnyYTotL:rtnirSaulnioFreeeeeeea(o0tinCipsbtlana,sanlwnn.2t:sloh8t.eLctosout7ielt4oiW:nPeiCwT-r52ooC:omUlWfeor0.dniefotao0A:li:si3.om::bentt)n0LauCi6es:forrtstpa:irf00N:o:)detcqN.3:l....N:wrpl:o09u:No.yoN6rn6i-oNdoI3C0(Nd;oUN1nado,4g0da3toddsat.s/oEoatd45moutaeat3tiaap+ldlptaauC8LCytaeaa0leablrtv1nyC(ato(laaediar)nit1ttsloea6g2nbo13r03t5nlee.Ca7CCut5e)o)s0rreE+01
(((666000))) ((((63660900))))
(60)
((6600)) (60)
-
PINERSWTYSHIASSETTTEEESMRONICLE-
Mtsal"ohorWseleosuesbvsatrooitalchilitlaote/eigtrnseiirlssnioatzgiuraat"enuntiddeeosn-flnwohfteswiaagctntaheasdrrnessdoaseeyieelxosrnptiosl.eoesbmcriscpthedtdobiuouineotlodd.teobgbMreevaaehdcjroioyagrnthilsoollioyndws.esirmwemHamdteoeocwprbheeiarlvneseiirssitn,menst.
69-2 PEAXTPHOOWSFUARYES
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL wcTcTsainoroghhhaginalieene/itcgnaskhpsrtsmctiotroratiuiohnmstnnheneaadiwgtsroo-i,iyiowistllbhonapurthtaopffteatrorthsogioinowmrsdbcnyoaerusyaeretonreunafoedmsnfetsonwhsociforesofattbnthctoeeechaeirdexlre.rrppdcynmoeroiIcsinmninsftggriehkbprodaisaiomnloltinagtiitoolteytinwnhopbotnaeaoseftrfeetsmsrixumicgpirlslinefoiuntsaispaefcuitrpteceroalaseilwnesstba..aatensred
HHEADAZALATTRAHD
mSigns and Symptoms of Short-term Human Exposure:
sdpIgfrenaeuevrgslqemtmerr_us_ooaate_iint_lnon_iat_cnhti_ryes_oy_.sou_to_irfi_nfrs_r_cab_irla_toa_af_twtnt_rei_kaoer_c_cln_tae_p_sxwi_eapr_hs_ro,o_sii._sacti_aulhg__tre_rieo_.me_.ns_a_uI_ywSln_t_khsii:_tnia_hni_cln_ar_ac_te.mnio;a._o._ns.in_.ine_t.n_aik_mcmic_nr_taa_e_ylsam_e_s_cvae_aedy__ur_ic_st_aey_u_ s:__e___
Acute Toxicitv Studies:
OLDRsAoL>:21.5 g/kg
Rat (1924)
SLKDIjNo:>15 g/kg
Rodent (13)
LiPCLNEGSrarAorPaTeleinrnRmAtPgcagoCniot-tniTanooo---nxeenglriclecmvaNNGcni/taiNoorycrEonicetudDfioeynfapnaeotacCatag3asttless:eai:n(gsniDsnUcoiDeifattsidteyceaarcd:mlttaioomsaNnsthio:ifouttiioamsdrb,aalreonteaissla)pspirotaostiotiirtvsye
tract in
PRHEACNA(D6UL0)TINIOGNS Pgorgogtelecstivoer efaqcueipsmhieenldt.includes protective gloves and
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-3
ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCRCITUEPRAITAIONAL STANDARDS AND
AIR EXPOSURE LIMITS:
S taSOAnTdFSaEOHrLdSAsH(1T5TW-mWAiAn()8:(-8h-5rh0)r:0): pppepmtertorloeluemumdidsitsiltailtaetses(n(anpahpthhtah)a-)4-04000pppmpm; C ritANnANNeroCIICIiOnOOaGGeSSSIIHHHeHHstCaRSITDbTLELlLiELVs(HhL1e5(1d-((m103(85-0ih--n-hmmr)r:iiTnnT)w)p:W:eAtArNp)o:)eo:ltenrupoepmeleteerutsrodtmoalieslbeutdliuimlisamshtteiedlsddaisti(tsenitsliaalat(penthseatsph(nh(anat)h-ap1pah8)ht0-ht10ha0a),m-0)3-0g50/m0p3mpmg/m3 WATER EXPOSURE LIMITS:
DriNnokninegeWstaabtelirshSetdandards EPNAonHeeaelstthabAlidshviesdories and Cancer Risk Levels WNHoOinDforrinmkaintigonWaavtaeirlaGblue.ideline E PAH-uAmNmaobpnioceHlrnluitetteaaWrlntiohta.nte(3ers5tQ5a)ubalilsihtyedC;rmiteinriearal base crankcase oil is not a p`riority A-quaNtpiocolcLlruiiftteaenr(it3o.n55e)stablished; mineral base crankcase oil is not a priority fOFrooilrmadntodhmeGetsrateiscateswseaa(t2ne0dr1s2ou1dpoprlsy:thaVtiretmuaalnlyatfereferofmrompeotriol laenudmgprreoadseu,ctpsa.rticularly For aquatic life:
- Thhthuaoevnipdnlorrgoewdtaee-scfdtotelcdsmoe.vnoentirsnaturlaoitumesdpoflhroitwgahn9ts6uf-rshecoseuhpwrtiabLtieClirtMyasnthodouomildlasrbianenedrseppdeeutcrcioeedcs,haeemacihcals, - leefvfeeclstsotfooitlhseobriopteatrsohcohuelmdicnaolts bine tahlleowseeddi;ment which cause deleterious - soufrvfaecgeetwabatleersansdhaallnibmealviorrtuigailnlyafsreweelflroams pfelotraotilneugmn-odne-rpiveterdoloeiul.m oils RENFoERreEfeNrCenEceDdOoSseESav:ailable.______________ ___________________________
69-4 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
REGULATORY STATUS {as of Ol-MAR-89) P roFmeudlvsaQO(eg3oanraieu5radltya1lreapdc)edPn,exerdiRWspocEteaggeiafgrtnnrfteauelgedgumalriaoenssstroeAngiiuotecaronstrlcnisemeus(ntdi,ChtdeaaWeestnriigotdAynntp)haeseeftfefloodgurfeecnnoioneitnrldavsuatlesnantpndrtrydioegat(nrrr3edae7alsa6stp3eam)on.eeldlxnuitgstaturnieidntgseulailunalnmtedisoo.esnrtsLtafhilomlerpiCtnoaWeitniwotAns
PriTmttMnrheeoiutpeamtexsrrnritrooecuvetldtafefheSauloussycucrtmltbtmb(ui1isvertit9Inneeanf8rgznoess7ecrtfo)niefa.tfeesnunscedtcCtuers(.ruo1pona9drtnI8teoonrd8cxotpe)iel.osecrsitnAitoruTycocrmo,estlgesmuoetri(nmfuenTiptgct.SaohigCtwreyeItAit.snlCli)ccm,Tobituanehyrss,etoicsdmotCbnseae,vdtoefiusrcflucoabtephcetmtymdhidoiyetrnbltnoteyotcdiasaltulhraoebettbnoot6xeAnasi-icmmnfiarteeoynadrn,cdittcfhiaornonm cMhnOttheoaorcnearnaeyrtm-ataibonncmliegaeoseindasnnPucasbdrcmnoyueitpmtsmsepi.cnopuhtngryliPaoossotteihnicrrfviaambeRltki,eitnetiecnsodtheahweatpaehnmrptxcelichoisccemuraapcalnasthnurtodwsirscnphhaeSbeeeraicenmeontnlecieovtdctxhguiareielaccomyaracnirploeamctnsrpieensfrAntoroiptogctcrumteeoeensrsnss(ete,tMhanssremtePsianuaeRrrsteaatrShtpegAnrigeeado)unclnsylseea-tatoroierox(nni3cds0e9airf)ne.dd OEanmcc8pu-lphoaoytueireonetaixmlpSeo-aswufeertieyghtaotneddpeHatrveoealrelatuhgmeA(dcTitsWtil(AlOa)tSeoHsfA(4n)0a0phptphma) (s3h5a3ll9)n.ot exceed HTlaashabezhealaiDrzndageorpduaaosnrudtMms tamertnaeantrtseioaprfloisarTltTsarratwianohnsnipscpoh(or3rt0aat5rate)ito.ionsnubhAjaesccttdet(soHigrMneaqTtueAidr)epmeetnrotsleufomr pdaisctkilalgaitnesg, StatAAssmNetplaLPoelWtrcDLeseitafWairStscetetTRergrnsAiusnuPlThgamr(eatEsoineevgoSrteerniacscaWm,rdciesrtaoeiitpttreehitrareei:draE.xbEpyPToAnhsuaerrsAreeamtLsibtviaimeetenirtstsefhWseaervcaetetnieocrpenrQ)oomuraasubliltytghyaertieCerldirspittarienodrgmidaiutthialognenadateldor AAlhiyflLeadAsrokoSfacKa1hrA5basotingas/Lwinaftoferrrestqhoutaaallnitdhyymdlirfaoercicanrreibtseournirsofnaacnefdowr1at0theerisgp/r(L3o0tfe1oc6rt)i.toontaol faraoqmuaattiicc AAorrRk1Ka5nAsmNagsS/LAreSqmuairxeims uthmatwohilenanddiscghraeargseinsghatoll snuortfaecxecweeadter1s0 (m35g8/L7).average
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-5
wwFFlLaaottOreeirrdRssaI((Dnr3e2aAq2vui0gi)ra.etsiotnh,aitndouilstarniadl gurseea)seanndot5 emxcge/Ledfo1r0amllgo/Ltheinr sCulrafsascVe owMMialaAtseaSsrnaSsdcAh(g3Cur4sHe3ea2tUst)esS. EoreTfqTpueSirtreoslethuamt tohreigminanxiomtuemxcedeisdch1a5rgmegc/oLncinensturraftaiocne of wNNaeEbtBerraRssAk(3aS7Kr1eA9q)u. ires that petroleum oils not exceed 10 mg/L in surface kNNeEerwWosYenYoerOkiRnhKdasrinsektinag mwaaxteimr u(m350c1o)n.taminant level of 50 pg/L for SSpoeOturUtohTleHDumaDkoAptrKaodOhuaTcstAsainwastuerrfaqcuealwitaytesrtsan(d3a6r7d2)o.f 10 mg/L for all VhVyiIrdRgriGonciIaaNrbIhAoanssainwagtreorunquda-wlitaytesrta(n3d1a3r5d).of 1 mg/L for p-etroleum ag3WWnr8od5yYuo2Onm)C.dMlia-nwsIgsNahtIGeIarsainasdwreIaIqtIuerigrreqoduuantlodit-ybwesattavenirrdst.uaradIllnyoaffrde1de0itiomofng,o/LiCl lfaaonsrdssIugrrdefoaamcseeesw(t3iac8t5e3rs, P roFpoedseeNdraolRfPeegrduoeglraratalimornsesgulations are pending. StateNWoastteartePrroeggrualmatsions are pending. capMMhdroOaovsnipSstgoeTesdsist.naSgwtTeChsAchehTaanarnEnegtSgheeiesnsyattbrhoeeectphopremroiorjeceercfsetisegnduaoll.fafotrirCoevno1isns9it8wna9ghc-t9itc0hwhei(itw3rh6ilw8lt3haf)eto.elrslotapwtreoEgoPrfafAmic'sesranisd
69-6 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
EEC eAtioccDDtDnhhnaorpiiiteremgvrrropcsaeeiergpeircccnngoorotttorosoniipuvvohugdumrneeubaeinidssannlesdcoosttndiheagcnt-oa,inewnrmrnacGmagnetsetrescuhdueaootresbsiuammunhsng(artoaLpiedoqenilonlel-sue)W.ugir,abcdrnoatevoaeidlofciutearsteoomnaerirapdktlnegsen-eevdrawd(rniaa5nrcannt3oosobtodeu8nelpygacr)bmheehtsmionsy(eotssiiadnen.acpenmrtrh.,oc,pytbocehsrwerasurtororooibpwtbuushcepohstgoroanrihtuuccnesihnoetvcgsmiteesrrpmnsoiipepnetuawrosrynciu.oohnodnrhifdlcodaiivohbrrstirmii,eatopcesntodtushsu.bdtsechsieshorscaoishqlu)augroahgtfiec wslpPDaureaikrorttefreedasorcu,clstceei(veui2noem)fhsoiutmanphcrrpehmoFadiwfrqsuuthaulcitaatneesnrgfdtfmeieoWttcirueetscassftttoaetirnnhrbmoalfQetticsubt"hohaeh.aelytiypitd:nyrrgeossc((ea15onr)3bnt6ofoi)ntnrh"mestaablamsetdveoisnstiioobdflefawisnfhaidltmeacrny-odpcn,oriu(nt3rhisd)1ees and DTtpthhrhieeoreyedscumhmtceiavaelnlyefadisonahvnotiotswrtibybhhleeiescphpQfeirulchemiasafelisicnotayhnttaiiRortnhmneesqsfhuufselioulrrlerefffdipafsehceocettfrwsooSalfoehtenuterhmlltefihinshwehysasudtWhcerehoralcltafaqeinrsurbhdsao./nontr(si5tia3sep7sd)eecapisfoytsoitthaotn cbcwdDOaaoniehisrradrcigcsdec/hatiohcinaasnrtclorioivhggoswheaesedauarnoologteosrenefgredooestmtrnhfhiwseinsehs,suitsuteoibDohmorsosinitgsaunuacanlbtnshantscnaapfoteoardnrpsgonidboesdcwaoruershorsddapfifsecuahi.rnhDctaihetvtaoAhoeenwrsadgg,ivaszreyetfpaorresteuoortaitenosmurm,nddso-telaweeSfloqrreuuaforutmbteimaeztrsotretiihr.raocmioynua-deecslnmreewoevsmbcfiarfeaiteo(rsre5csnbrt3icsmooo5nonou)esnrnn,attptisrnhpitceelesairetnnsanasottloet AccqswDaauoonunanimcmdradsyhent/ppoecptiow.otrinhtiuuvysaedntn,esnaidtdsnoleopsls,laa;nott(casuilwooneeTrmasndieotd,,hxpooiepofccfcsuhoatctyanmaerhsnbdrciepdtilcsanio;asmiuoDlhnognmeaaredttnnghneosdagnoix;cnedticccr,isechyoof-aaeuahfrnnmesnadicuddliWtocnesdagssd)aalie;etnsnserctehgsthetaaecshaurolkrleomsiarneu(kcsp5dgset4oeaeww2ufrnpoi)nhadsrdtsaiictsadche;rrsisesocpcpamihonrnorraodscodtidlniumocugodrceipfienogostgif,lnhyshepcuooyhcflcehdlniscols
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-7
ocPaptDPDthhouraaeaieeomtcrctnilrskekricpgeoncaaleoltlaeggeaiursdsiviuboinsnsetmeiueggiifdonlsioienananadaSntngnhsouddtdaesfbhmshlLsectDaaothfoaballtiQlaebareonlmelearcbiplcnesteimetfasnsgituirvgdarf(eireobod7cleolsln8aiegeR)fs7teuutie)siDtmolluhilalnnaaabett,nityasioaengtnPncsaaegdacsnrrw.oceoctckrioeutodacBshsagaotelhiannfPcnnlecstaargaieduedsrChpasewaldneararipierdtessohadosttiifiLsfnliuptlioathtacbrnhsbateejseeetepbislpcoa(vietnsrnra(loogeoartlxcwtoivaioecoedblfn2nulu1etsdrsie)anC.sngd c5rcsDEPuioa0CssipmnkrtBapeeyprbopcsvetlmofiiiatsvusewnheetniddamnttotheePnfrarnoeCeu,tsrgDtsTeahecisincosroopoerlpmolriloetelaruseycrtacstaestmiltotdniinoinuoglgwfosn,tptsaWdaosbbinsltsaeloedepus/orttopotiesehriorilganen.Oidtsgs.eiit,sltAensphortoeerprsdi(nieer1nre9agawmg8nmei6doilntl)ofeaufbrwrdnaeoeattmqsisnntuoeggatrhtaoeweeviallaoytsseitdrmeatubohsliatelsn. hpEPSEyrerEEodaoCChproiob(cDhs1iaata7irelsr9bdef3op.co)ntrrisov,apeolsuCsb-eodruPicnrtacohnipalttosDsteahidnreedcdthuivymderpoainnuglitchoefflucDirduusmdeaptionsielg.,aopbfeetWroalesutemat
69-8 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69.1 MAJOR USES AND COMPOSITION 69.1.1 Major Uses matriruoccvrkiaMnfgdtinieepensaregraltilsne.bensag,Ssieonadmessecw, remealxnlaakramcisnapesmleeeosoqsituolsifspmatmhraeeellinrut2su-e(ssdaehnsiwdpasidr4eae-slnytidnroinnkaauevvtaaoerlnmiogeouiqntsuieviesep.nmegniengneitns),etsjo;etrluaabinlrrdoicaoadttehaenrd swtbortaoehlhanygpuoiteneacetwharsdigorneeedaeouTasrdtontchdaioirnotatredtfeignenhviertomddeeqeidcpvsiduaoticeenfijintosrofpoe(oedaonrwemtrtil.somteeiegde.ninrr.one,ieg,tmntteIreimsntnmtuprw.enmorsmiahsnnoorupFieeepvimnpnproreeievgaelrnerirlepcagmsdioratenoosuitffroiseaniafrlotisttoicesanhciebtrtslnlouseemajcrsrasaeeoseaeentn,yifndndnsjesicsseetnteescovaht.ghavhceueeieekortntpnaAriseooecrregmslsotctii)ohlncnhboo,eioagelonltvestnitudevh.moadlgaieeistihlrtAsisoeeoicpt,ornshnhmenbbagsochaisyeniisnnifttegeirsthfencaehaureesurarsecyobu,lrth(isola2lcabutmts1aareaiies,testnmoshenets1mdtsepitohu8ivooerat2ebetcriro1ljakmcissee)ntoe.canuaeccmvtcjgraaeoceeipnntrronnsoiemtegbbtuyaaeiemesorneoeiwweosliffsmsoide,darlapolemratrrreenoudvlinaetded 69.1.2 Composition hoTtayryfhpodeaimrciprMoaapcltdraiinccoeroenxbmrcisomaoinptlmiasoebtpuse(aopnlsyguadeenrsn1adc5efirsnfr0aia-nwn1ltsklhi0y)tc0e,ha0slcsie,ceyeacamrbolnobieidlxotsptwnauaaerrrnbeeaeusnofmfiplia0nirbrn.sie8egm,r0gasn-pi1ravooi.ple0ifynnhtkatmhpigrnei/paxLnrntFiuogciaxrg,eteiumasor1reaf5ootfmae6Cpl9saypt-(tr1i1rcac.o8ivxg2aihc1nmt)d.aa,tpneTmodlylhoybeln3er0ucsa0ctunr-llec6uaah0crre0tudwrCeec.ishgahoitfns 'Shtc(ocitcp[nwh1hrooupiogf8aeennbhleohyn3tcrsirrcnhea7tkeaTmaehriuen)ctnshn,iaacatuoPtehrvlstailnehaeiaAyatnoabsutdldnHreoe(anfeosinsadrl.raofesdgacrwernb.oceofo,o(icdtoennt3miitrhsrisloc0helsoueaien0entmndttnsm-oihgce6eotcseeerar0pftpoasyihh0ehemiotnyoclseciaiiCdoiuoanitfldtonrrsssvit)eicoaoot]fsysdcngrtsmcwiacaaedmlthtosrnlnuahasaebnegs-dtewtmtoetoeeriaaasrneesfeileiinscl(ssinalp3ndadflbra7(al,iastoPfrwa0nssrfcmausA-deaieo5eatnrlcrnefHd3ebewuedvtn5tr)arahholtef-ieriCineunca(ncvihTsorek)hteeytnftoeadlhiydsxstbvtooiearshtmewloiroeei(elentsfnvcincyylcia6easrnpohcrin9rupagativab-cdhrrner1toae(oeceoa)onldorlbl.crmsiyomuttse,ihietcaelmUspr<saatgidis.gontpszloe)1euhed.eu.ffadndEtorp)nmi.dirpTadFteosifcmaeihdeimr.hgTynlsaes)uithfcnchiSrfrobmtferoeeoeiioafoorenaammosanmd6sytverlase9eyi,aviccg-bemn2nehoiaeananrannedinsganaasmldtdeduyilleandismiritwcdeteniahaosmiolslnerstoaoakirliffllloiaszuteers
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-9
C5Hm ------C2Hs
(a)
(CH3 ) 2CH.
t)
ch2 ch2 ch 2ch 3
ch2ch3
(d)
(e)
FIGURE 69-1
TS(coy)uprciccyaecl:losptRraureacftefufrirenen,sc(edin)2m1arionmeraatlicbahsyedrluocbarricbaotnin, g(eo)il.mix(ae)d na-lpipahraaftfiicn,an(db)airsoompaartaicffirnin,g.
69-10 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
OF POLYNRUACNLGEEASRAANR(DFORMMEASOHTSITCATFNCARDOBEMLQUESUPEOE6D9UN-)1NT(DMCSOGIN/NKCGVE)ANTRRIOAUTSIOMNOS TOR OILS
; APFPBCBBBIBCPnyeloeeeeenhoudrrnlnnnnrrtvoyeehzzyzzoznnrlnoooaoosneaueoe[[fn[[nenaclgnbe[tnuell]]theh]e,epphon2ira]ryey,a+erp3anrrpn-eeneeaechtrnntrrdytheeoih]lpempeonhny[aee2ertns,eilcyn-[ldbeec]no+tmehj+iDokpo]uhnedne
Fr(e2sR2hasnmagmoetpolers'o!il fMreUoas(su5tee4dntsMamotDolreRsOlainlsge
0000....000103988972 ---- 12961....7459533 00000000........000000000010030111327080 -------- 00000000........420012020332361224009664
000000000000............003770020000070008106262100000000000
000000000001............32131172002620 ------------ 3174423821110144559920669.2
Source: Reference 1821
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-11
COMPOSITION OOFFFIGHCUERRAUEVDYE69EO-2NILD DISTILLATES dph(Niiosgrothietlseloarotteghfsaatntbhiceeccocsamoauirpslbeoonsnoeitaficrotonhtnheoteefpnsratuordsmfouaiiccnlsteei,.oraannlTdpchrrilsaoencswesksocsluaiekslsdeeluyobsieeflodmmr) aoswyaronedudlilyifdk,feeprrleyomfrrfooaoumirnslosheowneiatlrsvp.ayoinreoensddityinatnhde
Decalla on Composition
1,7-3.61
1.1-6.81
llrc.fi-Co.pcundi;
60 -M l
6A -1001
tu 1fur *CaaDBundA :
* 0 201
1-321
(A
0 .i i .21
60 1001 22-441
*A
j r *4i
0 .2 0 .1 0. 11 .tl
M 1 r x
.D1CJ1 1 131
i 121
O.2-Q01 6*01
4 181
0.1-0.31 Mm
) .61 (1 * * p 1 J
IA
A
A
1, v1
tim i
1 f
Cncnifnf
0 ( F i r a H in) l 2 3 i
i
ift*irB ktlc L_
i
l o y r t f : l l r*n t
1 20 16 26 MU \ 1 M 10 26
50 4-6 i 0 7
1037
Cosn
Cheltl CIi i i m
_
A lk y ld ln tp M h rn e b tn ra n * <I ky Intpthtrettnrn*i
k lip ] I r ln*phlh*r* b*f>lrn
Al k y 1 ? I n n p h l h n o b n | i n f I
At k y l p n i n i p b i h n o b * n i f n t i
Allftbinjtri#*
A lkylhtatnBphtbtnvbanitn
A I k yJ n p t t n i p h t M n e b f n M n * I
ftt Cpn
C h I c * t c i .m m i . _
Roil Ce&n
_______ C h n U i l C l >
Al k-rltftniphihen*pipfttKt m i *
A lk r lr a p b ^ h f n c b lp b r n y 1i
pHthtnedl shcny 1I i m r i '
A lly ln * p h JM h l* n * i
A 1k r 1d 1oh
I tf t t u I 11l_d
Ai l i o I n c l u d n o n e - , t r i .
t e t r a And
i t -ntp k f h*no
c4Bpou/idt .
Alkyl tr1n*piithr>ob*rilclnd*ri*
ilkTldtnapMfcrnephvntnfP'tr'f 4 Al*yn*phthnphrrirl
iphtMlinft' kll^ldlbiniolndtnrt*
A lkrlbentelndlnn All include* on e, tr I (
t tr -
ptn ii riphU rng
ct>igynj .
69-12 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL COMPOSBITLIEONNDAELDITNMAFIBONLREERMA6A9LT-2IBOANSEFOORILVSARIOUS
Product Type
O Oo
xj
refuC
t'
t/1
<wD >O
Me 2
Non-diesel engine oil API service classifica tion of a typical SAE 30 automotive motor oil SA-SE*
93.2 99.995
Monograde automotive engine oil SAE 10-SAE 50 93.2
Hultigrade automotive engine oil; 10W/30
10W/40
87.7 85.7
Marine engine oil: SAE 30 85.0
Base engine oils; SAE 30 (Two cycle) SAE 40 (Four cycle) SAE 40 (Dual Fuel-oil)
98.945 97.0 96.5
Diesel Engine Oils Monograde diesel oils
SAE30 CCa CD
94.0 92.0
Railway diesel oil SAE 40 Class IIb
89.5
Marine diesel oil SAE 30 (low speed) SAE 30 (med, speed)
98.5 92.3
Additives (Voi.
^ u d &> cu d XOJ O
xj
crt
u VC l
O
- CXreD
tA crej
a 25 p-
L Cl > L0i h-t Cm
> t--E1
Li 0 XJ X
XJ -- 1
w
3 C
kC-J
c ww O
XJ
xrJe _**y
XC O t--1
tfi
Lre
O ?
H
>
XJ --1
ure
~<z
.rxe;0
cre
0
X-i XJ
x-^
XCJ
CV
edj
<<
0-6.8
0-.005 0-1.0
6.8
66..88 75,.55
15.0
0.05 3.0 3.5
1.0 0.00
68.. 00
10.5
0.5 1.0
7.7
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-13
TABLE 69-2 (Cont,)
Product Type
Universal Eneine OilC Monograde engine oil SAE 30 SE/CD Multigrade engine oil
15U/40 SE/CD
!i--UOeCHCH5<OCuwU*/3s^w*N>04,
H BS
88.0 79.5
A d d i r i v e s C V o I . ^ ')
'Us. c QuOV
uCn iVVV-J)ii.
flj u3
(uA
>--i
>o --FC-
--itu0moi: ei2sj sH
UHCor-- 1jWo-j1vo*H ^-C
u --3fOZ1 <*
---"T<iHa>VJ".'
*u<HcFOOCr-J"i(
w cCJ <
12.0 12.0
a) Each Classification SA-SE and CA-CD is formulated to meet the needs of newer more powerful engines
b) Classes I-IV represent improvements in additive package c) Universal oil is formulated to meet the specifications for
automotive and diesel engine oils
Source: Reference 1823
69-14 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL sppgoahoinrrloaood. ulcc/oeelTodrssfssoceebshssmeuecaaamuhslktsieeecstrdoarselltuvawhccetielmhntahtsceoshneceilxetasssmt.u,.rtaiticThcoatenhlioehcsnoeii,nnamdcfvopeeyrwotmesahnixatediitonimongdn.,aisttaeiinAcrlliidaaFltleietgssarsuenraaaaertlremyo6zme9teyn-dap2tt,iiwcc(aaaanlcnsldyhdnafhrotuahytrcdetathreooerrrfreiinifgstiiinrsnaeheaadilcnteogrldmu.ebfmberTryiocehnasneutcsicneeh)g s6cdamuod9eurn-pdc2fdieahtCniicltviediraseosatess,nsnns3ikittmn0yca%upapncpisrodceooannvlsiocneeeicrilnnsoovmtmtieraelaanrpnaatedoyinovseodcinadtfarsitmosieueeonnastssfyec,f.hmooaoirdfnfoSmdesspftiouutepminlccveaiocerefttmsieficodommarncmritsohneoneeatrmilnhmnyacaicleect0oeab-rtao2laprr0ssaoe%epdrpeiadrencteinvteitsefoigdeivnlcir.endvtsreoe(e1edaqo8atrihu2cetlcose1ir.og)e,emliumviFatbpeheonnrlnierdiscmrtihasnonupcotTtlrhcraoaait(stsio2b.eoip1locne)etnTs.ra6haal9ltTery-is3enae.bgasle
692 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS 692.1 Transport in SoQ/Ground-water Systems statdaohtibsielpll/eegosaM,orssoaibtillunuwnnemtrdeittiaa-hghwlrhebamttthaheboseirdgeeheseccurnaravrvrafitsriaenrcickeootedcnso.aimtsssyleTmeonhwaoatniill.sllydswsBtlpahooruiuwrlellolskdu,ewgxqtabhphuteeeeatcrnmhotteeisioldtoriulweeutnsobosluoiialkbliftdteueyltryhrhaweeitfmgoeoohdurailllyidlznoofiwrmmneonemimpttirtoogoarabaiontitsselhepeitdeitylihlntiianoson.tprhdtheiMomehfiopgptsrhhotoerpleiewksreaoltyfe,r organic carbon content soils, and less likely for sandy, porous oils. dscsSmsauopioresotorernepembredceeiaeoeeTnnddntfdrvoocitaroniiorlnnnelgdanvilgsstteesespiiasstdaoooicsnsltn.nrrtd)usrsticbeuotobnaohensnrnctefgtescdealahtyppmwhkastheuouiinibylnpnblgscla,seeiodctetsaniihoqtosnsocetsundtohoie.dstlenvoduoemteiiTiegllfinsrfhfcmeaaftaios(rsdtloteleahlrone(otueaofftiwfosinfaeqtindhnclbudtegeiibvbcsioyisnkiossolopligacylllciotvhlaiwtlgeielsrlnidilimazcelilnaadnticthsclvtoi)paoeoa"nolrnwpsrpsy,orteuteioreawtdrrdptufcihbiaseetoeishmrcnloroteatiliolnstoteuiwriggsnmteo"iiagcoof.etranefagtlra,hp(rtsnTaheoiaddcswhnueletdinyihdsco)doeio,nds-trinwet.leaesarsgnanmtrdfwTticiateluhiermdlmislesea,fnatvrairytbaoolsesrmen.lboyaetatilvhlee ssinmouaicpmlh/hgoArtcbholoimaulnelnosedtnscit-lteawu,aseaslCnlte^ftorosHfrws^tyc,hosouetineslsmdhi0yd..hd8earrWvamoecthgiao/sirLnlobelouo(nn1bfo8iclm3iodt9iona)evt]ssateiamitannuredeenpntumtasrvooeafsinitwldamatibshtslieeegors,hlevtoietfobdiiesllescsrooswornudosthgteuihraltdsulnyeofn1eaftslsmltmimigtanh/gaLtrnotoeiu[tdaeug.dghhth.ei,gathlhetetelsyhaslyll
type of Addi t ivc V isc o sity index (V I) improvers
Pour point depressors Ant i foam addi t i v e s
CHEMTICAABLLEAD69D-3ITIVES
______Ch e m i c a l Hgm e / C l a s s ______ 1. P o l v i sob ulyl cues 2. Polymethacrylotes 3. P o ly a lk y ls tyr ones 4. Ethylene propylene ro-
polymers 5 . Styrene bul atlicne
copolymers
1. P o ly mc lh a c r yI a I os 2. A lk yl o iy l poIymer s
1. H c l h y l s i l i c o n e pokymers
St ruel \ii
P r o p e r 1 i c s / f hj>r . a c ^ c r i s t i c s
CH
2 iH- C H ----- C -- Cll ----- C = CH
nCH 3
CH 3
( p o ly i sobut y lc u e )
MU of 1 0 , 0 0 0 2 0 , 0 0 0 a r e common but a
can be ps hig h as 1 , 7 0 0 . 0 0 0 .
Decomposition temperature for p o l yi sobuty 1enes approM ima!el y
b 2 9 0 C . Common i n m u l t i g r a d c e n g i n e o i l s f r om 4 . 5 % - 1<?% v o l .
O CII2
iCll
n
(polymct hac i y l a l e )
H i g h e r HU t h a n f o r VI i m p r o v e r s .
< 1.0% v o l . used. U s u a l l y as l i l I I e ns 0 . 2X v o l .
CH A p p r o * i m a t e I y . 001 - . 0 0 5 1 v o l . bi 3
u s e d . HU o f a p p r o * i m a t e l y O,
1 , 0 0 0 - 1 5 0 , 0 1 ) 1 ) a r c common.
L CH 3
n
(dimethyl silic o n e polymer)
Adequate sei v i c e up to a
?05C.
69-15
BASE CRANKCASE OIL
Tvdc of Addi t ve Frictio n modifiers
Emuls i l i ars Oxidation inhibitors
TABLE 69-3 (C oot)
C h e m icot, N a m c/C las
Strut tur e
i . Organic acids, amines, n a tu ra l f a t s , n i l s , waxes
2 Organic phosphorus compound lricresylphosphate )
.
3. C o l l o i d a l gra p h it e ; molybdenum d i s u l f i d e
1. C a t i o n i c , a n i o n ic , end non i o n i c
m a t e r i a l s based on Long
chain aliphatic ncids,
amines, a lc o h o ls, and
e s t e r s and e t h e r s .
.
T. A r om a t i c amines ( i , e , , H- phony I 1 naphthyl amine, phenot h i o i i n o )
Z. Phenols ( i . e . , 2 naphthol d i tort-but yl-p-ci cso I ) (BPC)
J. Zinc, calcium, barium, magnesium, dithiophos* phates
(jR s
\/
^
P
/t* \ /OR S -- Zn-- S
OR
/ \ lOR
( z in c d i t h i ophosph.-i t c )
R - a lk y l, oryl or com bination
Proper t ic s /Cha ra c tc r is tic s
These compounds are very s i m i l a r to
antwear compounds in com position
' and amounts used.
,
Most commonly added from 0 2X voi .
69-16 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
type of Additive Rust and Corrosion Inhib tors
A n t Hear and Extreme
P ressure Addi t i ves
TABLE 69-3 (ConL)
______Che m i c a l Haroo/ H a s s _____ __ __ _____
__ S t n M u i
Salicylates
S. Phenotcs and sulfnnjtes
1. Zinc di thiophosphatc
2. D e riv a tive s ol H i-b a sic organic acids ( a Ikylsu ccin ic a c i d s ) and o rg a n ic amines ( i . c . , dieyelohexyamine)
3. Organic sulfonate and phosphate salts, potyhydric alcohols
1. Oxygen containing fatty acids, esters, ketones
.
2 r Oxygen/sulf ur cont a in ing
compounds (sulfurized fats)
3. Aliphatic chlorine compounds (eh Ior mated wax)
P r o p e r l i c?./Cli.it a r t r i s t i c s_. 0 2 - OX v o i . i s t y p i c a l .
0-1.5% v o i. is t y p ic a l.
69-17
BASE CRANKCASE OIL
Type of Addi t i ve Detergents/Dispersants
TABLE 69-3 (ConL)
Chcmi c a l M. u n e / C l a s
Struct me
4 . Organic phosphorus compounds
( i . c . , tricresy l phosphate), t h o p h o s p h o Xc s , p h o s p h i t e s , ( i . e ., lin e d i or g.modi th i ophos phatc)
1 . Calcium and barium s a l t s of
organic sulfonntes
i . Phosphonatcs and th i ophosphat cs
j . Barium or ca lc iu m s a l t s of alkyl phenols or alk yl phenol su lf ides
R ----SU -- He -- SO ----- R J1 or
R -- SO -- He -- Oil J
(He - Ca or Bo) ( o r g a n i c s u l 1on,it es )
.
4. Calcium and barium a lk y l subs t i t ut cd s a l i c y l a t e s
S* A lip h a t ic amines, nudes, ethers
6. Reaction products ol
polybutc ncs and
and
ethylene oxide
Ix
R -- P(X He )^
(x = 0 or S) (Me = Cn or Bn)
(phosphonates ih i ophosphot g s )
Prop crtie s/C h o rn ctcristics
Host d e te rg en ts added from 2-20X vo1 .'
HU S00 2000.b
69-18 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
Type of Add i t i ve
TABLE 69-3 (ConL)
Chcmi cal Haroc/CIass
7. A lk y l m e th a cr y la te dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate copolymers
B. Alkyl met h a c r y I a t e Nv i ny I py r r o l i demo copolymers
9 . V i n y l acet a t e *d i a I k y I fumarate maleic anhydride copolymers
10. Pol y i sobutenyI s u cc in i mides
Struc turc
(He = Ca or Ba) ( a l k y l phenol at e s )
I 2 2R ---- P -- QCH -- CII -- OH
S of O
(reaction ur o<luc ts of
polybutenes and
and
ethylene oaide>
P r o p e r t i r s / C h a r a c t e r i St i c s
L.
MW 70.
69-19
BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-20 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
Iype of Addi t i ve
0io c ides
v4 .
-
TABLE 69-3 (Cont.)
C h e m i c a l Mnmc/C Ins?;
1. B o r on compounds 2. P h e n o l s and e h l o r o p h c n o l
derivatives
i3. 1 r a i i n c s
$| i ihmim c
,
-
I orI' r o n c r i c s / C h m ac 1 i 51 i c 5
,
a) Refe re n ce 1822 b) Reference 2t c ) R e f e r e n c e 1824
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
6 9 -2 1
sst(hot1rla8oun4nb0git)lh]ist.iisoersT[pehwt.igeoo.,nucleodtirocroaesslsloapinbloseen,dcooCivnnjeogtrHasi*n1o*0iiln,i0gss0oe0orsrptagitmnaiodnanitcmecdmoosnattsotttwaehnroa.utvsledC(Kaob^nes.s)otolieuvtsubeteriilmnit1tays,0teow0d0fit,0ahfrt0ol0oImEwin-sd0mu7iccohamlteicgnu/gLlavrery wbeeigthhet, mhiogsht maroobmilaet.ic character, and/or nitrogen and sulfur hetero atoms will tend to
cmothotahemjeopsrNroaicroclhtomaeennmqesdutniicittltsauih.blesarntiitunsnmeotghfpliiasgtrhiGtbeiltueiooiidnal)emin)wogauormuneltodsgdiwsevhleeonrcweaflocptruhrleaatsthteieenossntesseionn(italitssah.lehlyAasvoalleilll-sbauoeicfrehntohcregaislvocoeiuillnl-awwtfaiaoostrnerssmor(ofbsoterdatlol
wscoeerliutgabhAilntesnamaidntadrdloiltgmifvernoeasb-citslaiueoncndthhosaaufnslftutahhrreee-ccorsohennsotstaw.tiinntuTineihngnetsTmseaoobmlfeleictghuh6el9te-soi3ni.nlcsalutmudraeay,llfyboerpsreiexgsaneminfitpclaienn,ttllyohwemomoirlo,elaewcsuawltaeerrll
docttahhocifsreindccothsoouaT,aligillnrhfohgaeweidetdttadaahyslaqemauipnscseaaioigotdrtienultshr/i,isgceif-airlopcelofrsashou.,nracnmthcsdTeola-ouhowmrmlefidanootaduabeaitnribsveltsiesdstooryyolyrsvsfbtooefedldfimvtnihosee.oseinrlotegloscmva)ioelnundficlrcssootoiincmortasnugtr,aeoibtnntouothirncesen,ricctfmaosntruuhabalctdenouhndrpbaoeae(lrfesc.sssgiiooitsg,lu,tanprthioicifnusniecssmgtai,bhnigloectyrirlryoaiuonntetndrnhadthhenf-uraweslpnavfocitocreertdrmif
oommfirisnoeifldroomsrtldieevhsamesVcpiieirdnusiaoalutilvylltnaaaeaeengrdlrtlrytiyelcwmcimotzhrleoanoaaaiitggwstinelnihthekori,attvincnaucaai(letehpsomaneiwoifnrstorosgocr,ttuiopehhlalwnrduenolesisidtvtsqsghisoeputeudriurnilmredeeeegts)snarisurumntacarsmyilodefnlaynefavbrcpdstooeheitelolmiavrtotn(hviuewmo,adeetdthnaaslI(ekntovEpsdiowoncr-flwer0egatasr6hwotunviualvemokmitleozdlcakaamltaabhttstsiitleeoeliHyitlnnzioHodtga<ii)wteyel.itsenoiowIlarnlEaHroyvnsb-u'eoo.s0deallw3dalslaBaetioemwivbewlrmeiecm)zerca,aer,voujteHongfshwrirseiragyvatstaletttoasen,nhtlstrhotestthwe2smhml5eooamalbweutCyecabeschtrbipfeaaloreiiuntlriliasieeseldsm.
692J2 Transformation Processes in Soil/Ground-water Systems
deTupnetrhisevlecisitrreyMgionbentaiennmsdeienrelrobanatnlylthgrebHb-elaeaaosscisrieslatrstiuia.ncssnrge(ac5enlou2kfb9tcor)at.ihscheeayiTnrdothrisrle;oselsyaraissesristsenaisno(tefatcxoeenprdcetescoianttethoudTyrdoaatxrbtoeoilddelbyaes6taii9snop,-dne3or,xusisaiindsnsatataeitntm-iuootarxnaiji,nodteraadtnnhcdtoehsmybsadoiprorieoldo/ngecseagronorrmbatuedonotnadiftms-i)wtoehniasse.tierr
69-22 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
csdmmthhaeaaroegrntwreioyaeTreiddildshaatlemoutmiud(oao1toinsle8edssb4ceeiys2usros)alnerm.etexseletpaArnatetaortitcvrepeoeohellsfllriyeougituohlhealmdaaerersvoygerhef)eneynszdmiittsyshurtmioaahcactrlnieanoscpsrbdeubasiesaosertcslcnoeeardapgembdtetaiieaaobndpttdihdelteiarrbtgiomtyyariuolautstgndochhh(aemobtciiiomaeolosflyndilcaetbwrihgssoeerabwmalrlebdesesoilaq.olr(tudewiaoiSershcngueoerldcrimafhg.eodhpradtmlteitidfxehofti.einsactbuibMmlollutaluiolietksssesmttso)abofosehfirtdaheve,e
..-mor(fbao5efrrro1aoatr5cmnhreh)Dcee.aihaniitmfesdigcfFdoepenodcrhoarsreeyrleentkdaraaptaerlsnlolnecatacehotansieytnnrhaddsbaeartmrorniotetonociubcsaamermirnwncobuaotbiocsestlinhoehroocoisll,uolbftsehgliasatccirhsecroerabeueboslilibioodoozadiiredclcep,etgwmibegsvrritriioalorstalrdyiuddsedacetawttigrbfuifirfoiotlrneaenhrergd,stvai(shna1etiaaigncr8ornnryd4neei1falltvi)oiwsocn.eniaxoerngniuaygcBtrlitldtersyiycemao.sabliikielnuesaFtsdpanteeoehenxerpretsoptii,eforhetxdaco,tbantshoemi.bdiodisildp,opeldtcaoeogoen,lrnygdabhcrsdeytaibgiacdtehmbluaiclicetyualiniuocttyhnsse
69.23 Primary Routes of Exposure from SoQ/Ground-water Systems
a,,;wesoxuialpgtegherecTa.stshet delTsoewhatvobeevsorheoavalleacvtopedimloiisattpceyunlo,ostnbwsieaiuonltpntesotxhotapeafnroteftsaiiuanstrteldreiofvpopniardagtuhtlbyhawiwlooaaacrycyoscvsm.uesurpmygougnsleeatsrnttoitsonsngt.hmlyaatTysophvrueabsrreeeydfmiantotineteshcroehaiillra, rbvbaaoucslttaeedtraiilrsice.ttriycasnfrkocmase
,e:xpeVctoeldattiloizraetsiounlt oinf msiginneifriaclanbtasiendhaclraatinokncaesxepoosilusrefrsomto awodriksperossaolrsirteesiwdoenutlds innotthbee
.Vatparrobeelalsae.st,uilrlGieezaarvaatiinvondintgysootwnrfoolytnuhgliadssrorteeerlnmpadttaiivoitnenoilnyctgoasrmosrioyalilllbw. uforlukalcdqtiuoonacncoutinrtievtshereoyfssotlhiolewsluoyrilfbadeccoeawutnosetvooowlfaatiritdlsizlteoh.we
water vapor
(weatbdapxsreabepiltdnotloeerrkwrGs.oiisunlnrerakgIuoueninusmnswyegngd-eaidtdfstwo-etefwtliroarehoiratrveneataeyrderbdereralsxieurnpcpeepokrxohonpipseundtuleasagiucrleemtctesdwhets,isdanfocmtoahroetrtaranoiyip.vcrnbneeedoncTeicorrmthcbreerueaaaacjrsetyrttleiiceyood.trnniseiotru.sshneurrca(lfBott9ablu8ycelfgee2crhtao)hw,tmuargasssoriettguloeeanrguwsrsihngfaaiedmtcnte-ahdswranpesyatioltcudaleisosnlorsnegrtotdhseaoiasrisfattnecitsocihrnuoncaeglnoratngetcaixehcnmpetntodiohntsereuarsarmtuwteeriadsoaflantfwecsrreoawmteerlsl
69.2.4 Other Sources of Human Exposure
sRuorufagAchelypwotatwetenortibacilolllnyiotanmmaljiitnoerartssiooonufrrcueesseuodlftilhnuugbmrfircaoanmtinexgtphooeislursurnaereooffefsmftriimonmeartaerldobatdaossebaecnrdraenrlkueacnaswesadeyso.il is
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-23
swrofaraunfeomnnrmtueheoaeftwulhflsoyaeetiylodirnaiosftapuaostpdrhflrtwiaehoeaycaedyedaetwwrnooeivaitlrtihsreoooorarrrsndba.misienndecLifnnaoetlttrsloe,psnoosetfsoriiotoaithllnhtueeaepbrdlallUeyirintn.icStocoor.al,emssslpoeephfawtohakwnaaletgehtdnei(ac1tfhros8rero2mtm1chdaa)rr.yrcearreibinTaeeqandhguketebacryaramstsnyeetossrhsrptseeeowmorwsitflsoealldatu(beibrfebin.liealclnmaifoyrrunr)aicceohltdiritoetanhrsse
wTsceohadnteiecmreDg,neratnoatrsstaastwsoiapoenmanllrpaaoalmmesfsbe.mfitoeeionrHndteo"rcwoaaoinllendvbacenaedrnsdr,etirntghcakrriteisainaonsgmneks"wecaaoaissstfueeorrmoefitialned.rneeoreaunslsoenbtdoagtseteondceicrrrheaacanltlrkylayccaactvseoearriirlzoaeeibslsplweoiannitndearit,trhoseaotnihlldietaeanrmadtbuireen. t
p(tccmpOehoooosyaennttpskeecctecneneeeTcotnrntihiunisattaa,eprrcllllaaelfyyintotteniihxrtoouggrepnnrseeaoeesssxbtsdatiauiuooatomlensrofknresiploloo)lsoiipewnolff,awuctccahohraarrquacswnaaeuvlnnad1ealkykoe-tc,1baicbfca0adeeaesseslexpeteptnhpioxeogooopciffiutslLoeilaueguciastrh(ntnhr.9eetdea.d8itntw2Tntg)thooho,.oatetfesbhaTexpicebxhhootrpeiaoelebeyecrbincccsltyaytuercmttmrdagalieiiekculnntielttodaaanailenrttiberopegu,iimhnpowahagaagothbctaiwitcycecihunneeahmscvqtyeoefuudxmrotlarp,hoapotiodtaiscoecs.naueudrstdnnbhRpdtpouetehsnoacsluailsieasmcntstirtvaaihuoneibrasdiilelltmyeea.ailozoiiwnl g
poAttihirlllieotsthytoeaoToicrulhtesfgi.evhttehhpieoecnssrlheoesatoohlinaniilntnvsie,ogollnsvailegirekdnexeiplfwiyinocosatrsuonnertr,ervsdbeicecaairennrmidegvsaenalaontenhtdxdepemxogfopsraureeineacratettareesimsdntmsitneaoxagyrpbeeooeqcslucuilkuairperrelm.gyeteotUnbomtneccliieannosumeswrseaeghlliioocnbhvfaectsstohehneaectnyarldoacawntrkwevcioautshlsaeed'.
693 HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS 693.1 Animal Studies 693.1.1 Carcinogenicity msstgawyanrosmoiitmtcueopepmMarlelaisraocieliwneolclyeeftiCmienhvckci3peoslHdmhutgood/prnHmeootodeuhasJi.pet1tremsehTphamaiahatcdpmeveoietlaeo(ldtno5urftm0myi.on/mgaoitl,rerHpor2h(iisu1snocpt5samcoq)pilbduaouwrtaegloanmeaiuncrrcoasdeeulssiktsinlnroiefnecfsialaeitoftSlnroelniAadrmsctEeaa1wirnl0icsi1n4ti0hantWwtrnohe5imemea-0e4taakes0mslkdssigman(wtn2irodniw2etfeah1hr1ut2iaecus)flde.hisbdbewrwdTaooisathsremhsaeruooptcctinhaoloou)remrntsateanoropd.eiofplwllaOwieandse m16ucshquhaimghoeurs, cweiltlhcahrisctionloomgiacsalanledsio1nhsecmoannsigsitoinsagrcoofm4a.papNiollotmumaso,r8s wkeerraetoraecpaonrttheodminas,
69-24 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
nmthooenttocoroxnioctirlo,alnodgnrootnhulepy.ostlIhigtehwrtlayhsacncadorn,cciwnluaosdgeecdnoinctshitadotermuendaulesseliCdgh3cHtolym/Htp3ooJsmimtoeidcmeer.oattoUerlsyeodcilarcwcoaimnsoprgoeeslniatiteciv. ely
cb5t(h2o1a2ne%s3etaa5Aodii)nnl.idbliciniticndigovoeemlnemcrapeediocvnoeeneafanrlspeetlcdhdwentihahvneciinlnae8gra2cttsi.eh7nke%odinmeavdaaiendsplciopt(iipld2viec2eeadn3tc4cioaeo).nno1cs7feF%onusfktrritaianhnntecepriedapniepnrgniovilclndeoeesumtcoilageufsdabstrkaiooinicnnndalytopicnfaoagprntciheolileniolpomcamaopadmasidlslipoatfiomnvrndoeaemnattshoef
" 3sistnuip4ncmegrcmoeliAerafiinsseaeecdwpdro)apemlilrtniomecocaiieltftd]orhioecueanninancsdldkoe.mifntortofehotaoetfutrefcmdeoamoirlwrcasii[nltPewhoegamrmsemniocraete7lopu,r(1obs2rtoert-iaedldi]intm.wweniaAtcoshetysaaslep-pcbwpeoelcneinieedfzdki(eagdtf)rw)oaorniufctope6hr6raoa6wfc6weemenweeikeecksee.[k1(wds%Aoe(rgs2ieean2i2ngnS0i,ovu)tn.epnorNaao
^Hwbgehn/eLznG,(adir)napisdfypircaoeansntidinengWg(BoairnactPrea)errcciy(ni2cnl2noin2geg1we)ntihmfcoeouptpnoordtroendaoutililca.etlv. eAinlftouefrse2hd6eamjxvogyt/Loursoeof,iltthhweehciBcaahrPcsinhleoovgueelldnrboesecotons5id8e0r0ed
IARC (1821) considers the data available on the carcinogenicity of crankcase oil
'' f
pipiaennvnaradiodpddidivelecuilnqdooccmuuneeaacaleatosenpfstarttrcnaooaatddtireisuocvtcciinaacntslraouoclgilaifsynetnoeadsmidiec(gdpiiant.ieesytiin.fv,i(idce2ncaes2a.nne3ttxte7Opg)duoeonparrsenoyiemnd-s3rea)wetnmhltaaaeapsntleldpecdaronsoonitifcnamseictudsaerssesleiseran.dtesghdeagotaibnfsyaotntlhIhiyAneeecRbaineCarncsceiigtdnoioenonigeblceseoenaisilocnudfwfafsaictcktshiiievensnihtntyoawotunfreto
693.1.2 Mutagenicity
Motor oil showed no mutagenic activity when tested in strains TA1535, TA1537, TmAet1a5b3o8l,icTaAct9i8vaatinodnT(2A211070).of Salmonella tvphimurium both with and without
-----cnpooonlnytmcaPyiuanctsleaiqdcgueiahnnriiigochmainanqdtuitcaMhnehotyinStdiaarerlosmccaoaofrn(b2eco2alln1rasc8/mi)n(PioacAglrseoHonsoi)sc.mhoPeUwAtseHeedsd.t tmhanaodttoucrnounostilaediwneamdsohtooingrlhyloyitlrmawcuaetsaagmenoiucnatsndof
tt(vvUppChhiiODmm)uuutrrfcriihuuoemmmr.
sdettiDreaasiireln.elc(Tat3nA3ad39s7s8sa).pyacsHrowkmo-iwiptghaenrviUeteidrCo,nOteh(xegdtraimdascoutnlstioantpgeer)dneeppitcaaesrcasetcedtnmivgfuiretortyamcgoaefsrnasuimcsienpadlceStsciavrloiamtnfyokbnicnoeatlshlSea.
oil diesel
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-25
eamdxneutdprteaagncgatdessne.onilcitUnpemno-uputseotenawdgceeyrcneroidcafintvdykeicehiansiseceltl-ehoUseilC(pteOroxetscreeaoxnctnrtccsaeecnhtastanrddaaptaeapbelmosaweruneetdcaregmteoonufsbtmaefrgeoestimnamibcioUlalaCircctOtiavo)cittgysiavhasaootnwildoienndge.e-aUnTeCdrhoaOeslley-. required metabolic activation.
TfToTawsptmcaahtmrvwarcccrirAhAaapguuamttteoicsiiehahnt99tvvvsttpaabieek88esiiiiAmntgttgolrtnwsNcyyyereeenewaucsaaunntRsnseotrohaitttioihewnciueccsrffaueaafsraadenomfntnhanalrycrhiodcdccilderiafge.oofntttabsrciihhlatfvnvTaytmlnrnraesbeiii1ckaoAttaetrtocMets-yryciuncitNtetn/a,ioaiteata1nnansiiinirsrdanbnto,tncea8eertwTnoetalstsd-oTfSholarpDbAharipfoaAieitcooseorcblye9Nlftmlnarwmudra8eaOeaaPcdmetb,cetcotnOenw(iotdiscnTend6kioteai.eovatole)tnAclna-tauto,.lta(w.helclbtDon11Osars(ieeonaeo-t-u3.eAOweNNltent1cghitedouvch,n.ar4PPgriiptgeta1leT)r)afehahsna.s)oTacruAeitsdearlmtihpiis,sidicn9nfHnnevtaeruacia8ggvdartooorcNmietratsmiwouithismuimetdhRonnutniesemiinanuauatctcv,gateag.lalpt,lealtaagdsrerrtsueatgngeterT,erxnaswnadefdwsaepnhdotnsipeaidhcerekoneTinotsrcreblshshrcaicAuienanetmeircaopTpsnie9eatscoifrueipgoA8icntvntemntiaog/fokivr9s1atftntaioeaicyr8mne,ldt5sn8aala;mfyndo8rs-eccatfitltD.eettwenniri5hhcaitaanaodN%ooaeoebsloecannsuioPftlTmtsmttrisldhfo(aooietc1Ao6cuuaitonamdfo-eua)nt1tstNsnsaalaniitde0eotnihtcgPgddnh0malnateewetiieisstnneevinutiiiinp.nmnsnhitiaostmcchtlatgneaeiuitsitWtgut1iyohdthtwynype-rtbeaneeNaneaaadrygfoigisoiesnPneancftuetrsunaneeesnesssuiwd(winticehtntcrahdacriwaggtetaeieehanlSrrs..
NewAcbradnelkncaassseeroielst wale.r(e31e9x0p)ossetdudtioedeltehveatfeodrmteamtiopneroatfumreustatgoednseteinrmcrinaenkicfapsyerooliylss.is voTppn1arr0riAtroo0roi9ddooxC8uuguicdceswftinanoeitotrgxidhofpin1moeto0xhrur0ciiidmtoswaheueger,ilntxedhsndptuaoiieddlclurfeuitgcsmnrourmoanebdtndidsicttoepiratxroiwntoioshdcanodieesmssus,.chacaieolinmNgmmahcimctlpruyrtoaliotevnnamgxaikgeatuecnmi,otnaahinsidxgcey.tiedouanoxrrCciioielctd.rigvaetieinonntWwykatascieituasnshmsltfoteeSuihurdatoetealsi,mgltmoreonwoanerlniatiyncaesnlbcilTsataohprlAleoseitmoc9ucv8ispieae.chsxcoa.itpxlmivoicduHasaeertepiidouauanmtbnti,onldetgsehtroretafoin
TLh51e7Mc8oYomtomproouounisldedlwiydamsn,pohhtoomdweaemvceoernl,lsstcroeanittsehidetrehrewedpitohetxeotnrrteiwmaliethltyooutiotnxdmiucecitenabftoohrlewicatraedscttimvsyausttitaoetnmio.(n2s2M1in7o)t.or ob1io2l5no0erammllgay/rkragod/wdmaicyneildsltisder(e2nd2o1tt7or)e.rsautlst finorafniyvesicgonnifsieccaunttiviencdraeyasseatincocnhcreonmtroasotimonasl masuhtaigtihonass of
69.3.13 Teratogenicity, Embryotoxicity and Reproductive Effects
biochAenmiacvailaneffsetuctdsyobfycHleoafnfm(CanCOet) aaln. d(3w29a3st)eincrvaenstkigcaatseed otihle(WemCbOry)ootonxibciradnsd' eggs.
69-26 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
, ,
.
Aeec3eminmrfmtfoaLebmbrnx4/ctrerLkaa8tygysc/llgoeoli,ahatgstysgroogoe,dwruxfoosrrioiWcwetsfithdlhttWoChuoaaefcOnndCrebddeedOoieomtntva5rhgaer.obr3dl,r1ooosa5piw/bp3ntxe>iwmtLcochLohn/ie,xeemi,/nLgtseateagp/gn,escnlgdg.oefmdgomtoaearImobfplnlowfnaaoCsrmroarCsdCetrsiaaCdfmtOlieldlcOiaattu,acylroctwrdiiksnaaosCuh-n,tn-reiCakl,vtgleohOcigsavwaeibsnomseoadreLwribnsl.DoeaedwdrriyMlhoeAermise(vtbee3saeaaxnu2nlnlpolqu9detnrouv2eeemsbdae)re.wlri.adlsaialniewsnWesgdxue2gdtrroC3sevees.rOfi5ernv.em-eocad/cwxrtoleeslsLarypi.vse/eieentnhgBpodcdgirligu2oeo0hf,ncdn.ol5hetyo5r,deu,mv1no,icirrcoegadri1nl5
vf baseNcroandkatcaasoenoitlheinpmotaemntmiaalliatenrastpoegceinesiciwtyeroer laodcavteerdseinretphreodliutcetriavteureef.fects of mineral
693.1.4 Other Toxicologic Effects
693.1.4.1 Short-term Toxicity
4.?'-c-sfdmmoohinsluoolctscwoooiowDselruotdioisnronlagilmgmlti(sooe(o3ytmdnfrm1e,a7brrpca7ruattna)oomtndemrdeeelsnsicens:,rtucocatrikrmnnoieobtkcyaapercsldeeaaeansldnosetideahsfdoserrrieloeehcq)msfl.euiuanoaelriStvnpctiiancpaxlbylgeehtosoiafoiftrgfteuo,ni,rnfmssessglceioegaaavsbhflbettstarseeeloeryxrrlcvueemirensxtedeuucptrlisotloiecnyesnaludmes.areptiednrchHeotobmchewpromeoeemnraaaasftiptn,atholei.iledmrnotiggeasTic,inlcrrogfdeeleeaaocicssnrotatpmaavillotleaeyinryonsyenit.sodfotfuhseed
f,,.ceg(GdoMoxrenunopveoiucoenblpTlhsueoiusolhadp.rueeeSerpddpA.sisgheintasctoNhiuimrawasaotllt-taietgilirMotesrhhernrtomeei,etstxraxobepatppruitocouhotshOnlesemsareditodlnaotrgtnhSti(oesaaAohstrttieE1ychiat0anedoi0lr1rlryr0aomeeiWnntssfagypfilgyte/-imi3nrcs)o0patin3fst)teioioccoowwafin0ffnaeie,csrtuwiet1nsiihe0rnutsre,ruceseridre4teaedin0ruenaesdtsloaeiaennrdabtdeciyt1ndath0iunCoe0rstdneooe1msdsupo0ttagnihfmr/auemaatnishtnndeoJoeeddvrmr4eyoaAmr0oilafltmrolomblemtrdaoqgsusiru/otsemrrtie.olenm3(sic2lmstoy2rmito.e1soatfi3rstI)tftmt,ohorieewlnats
cbt2hr5uaetnmArkTLecmhc/akoeesvgera.eicorcaeuilndtebPcyooermgtaralopvllateeogutxeemilcycitaIybnuyssotedfidtaucyrteda7in.a(kArcrTPahhsIee)ae (ool2airl2sat1ilin4nL)gS.Dp3WrDdaowgasyuaisnse.-gDcoSwanowismtilhdeeye1rr5reaadtmtsstLsowe/keabgmseesogtdrured2laei5etthdemrabrLtgyh/ikacgn
. wedZyiiesteashilptaArdaneitdsadettdioewlsldebhedyiwtoewdiftahar0yra.m10b7.b1.miwtsmLTatwLhemearcsincsrhoamernnoiawjkldulcelnabydcsaetissirvelroiaigitclharottafifonncrogko.nnc3aej0usTenrswaecoboctiibolvaniatindnliwssmitraiaralslniletssdadltsiightoihhnonettwlnoy(e2dtfi2hrlu1reo4sipth)eaa.eytcdeeidt.fioeofsrONwonenheweicahmniimnuatle
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-27
sdArr(2heeips2vvaap1eevplaa4eMipdllc)ee.eaiddnabtireGaosnrecknadorkiolnsosbsbisfougiartnf5psrseoisNtmosaometmtL-fwimoo/eikntroZogrerriberttcayuaeorltmttiaahilonnnenwkemdo;xcaaaawoshmsbohwefvwoiiantiouoeesainvultprdeisoafrronb,ettrrsobsseeik4tanrbisetntehm.vfoeosaeualrtEnirlgtext2sh-dha4rttmeeloynhlaitoonNetiureasaertdrtibwistosnasni(itotZg2iern6n2emgwas1dl4aawaoal)sniyf.htdsidesenryBsawy.sfytatheaep7minrtp2deiltcirherfedolataaoubktxrtbmyiosic.,teisttnehytadelesmo a
wd8tsdapaZrenneereeecmrdocdiaaomgrgltLnheaterDmaha/dedntklosiesedcgslensc5mokieotv-wsteisdanesrnnghategoriooydiagenotfueftseegutmrstn0r0pi.mr,ooeee.a2rannaf4(bI8atl2t,,nmbtl2hdodkig1taeaereergsnc4drto.tee8)tmfdui.porvipTpiartmiiostidelhoy.rL5ren,eeair/odtkcmaIitdtetogoleoiom.nsnscpct)sa.tar,eeThu,macceashTniuhseacaekhetdyutiecepavtmrsaeaneeiissgoarcdekikndsluniteasbtonfp,erylsieraalsiactodgmthtawodnfeemomsruietiflhmrcselaiacoe,eentaadweiailoatnmmneenpctadsdaa,opctelcralcsbpfiirsnhfaeyaiotetdrttrrshceeoaaeitdoontakwos,tniwtewicaeswratdsioaihnsi(n-tteitwdohf.hatelasihais.itcyad,hsmehknoadr,im8vs8neiaecfesavf-mrdtmbutreaioesLproLsceltanke/ak/hkgkri,tehngieegdtocydhrdpbohuebeofasarldd4toNpniyonldeaaadgwnsy,aida,
wmsatnueLdedkicaTerpdfhaopnerblkiyepc3doaAwtsteePoenIeotktii(ahls2.l.e2o1NdA4feo)fpc.trieslaearAnntkeasdidcttaoiwzbssieaoenc-gowkoisfleeef0otfko.ef5crcmtmeasawuLtlsaeepscaerdnlrabeionoritnkmdeoc,daa.algsneusieimnonieaslailtswizpawaisgtesirpoelnfaoccrihenda6lglhouenoninugeareasd,gpa3wuigizttsihemwp0ea.sa5stcah
693.1.42 Chronic Toxicity
vwliaunatantcpsrigodibdrEeduenaacptrceomolednysatiogisttnofeteuudihdionnyiiufenepsrscleatytr(thisp2oe,f2luoar1nrssa5tabpai)scblanthileegtasurapvnmsaoetasrrotsisintanhmiigsgoa,eiwcs3pea.n0.rn-edmtsEhudiamxnetpuvaoatbeesdlleoymdppeicenrmadiiusootsdsnreesakdvteiefoybornsyre st1oghh0afoe0sw1t-rs33ewi42cd3amulaldlongcawe/ymriisnsn3.cgprmreoDoaofdsetoeuaodritclheodtiwhllaaittstle
69-3.2 Human and Epidemiologic Studies
693.21 Short-term Toxicologic Effects
ocm(2hfe2emc1mr6Abai)crnc.aakclnicVdepaesosnnemeotuaofitmliitlnhionwgenghisedtihiscistoghiueoisslmndtilavioknkefeoelsstcyyrbsiatttenosekmaifcnosapdlasliuonercwdaeot.diirolenasmuftialnetyrtoipninrtonhgdaeesuutlcsiueoenang,irsbvroieptmcaratoiiutboisnanebgol,oeff.atnthhdOeendmclioaeuwrcrthohvueiisasscoocsciutyrs,
69-28 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL ctbporrraootnkdhkNeuecncoaedsdheaeafdaiborvtyisteli.rcnasrngeaRdnohekfoepcacetaclhatsahteeseidsoeokfinlfidanee(lc.2rtmp2sAu1aa6slrtd)ue.eilfxeefpRusxospeaseepurceeertraeetytdhetthoeddemucmerrxaaaipninnogwkscicunthahrosaerersmaooocamfitlleterhsmhieesaodtyireectyms-reteeosasrufmmcldtoaemysirnkmbianiilanrstroeeiitdxtirapsetwoisosiutnulhtrdeinuteo irritation (2216). vnthaaepuosuerHpaecp,aoedlnrtichzrezenihnstaperzisarastar,itodoansrnsyfdraotgrrmeeancrtveeraipaspeloearmxtsepadoellacfytisceierdna.h(n2ak2Slec1yda6ss,t)ee.imroriiicltaaetirfofenecuotnsflimkthealeyymibnuuctcluowduhesemhneeasmidgbancrifhainec,aesntof
6932.2 Chronic Toxicologic Effects opioloarlcRyneerp.eefaiOnteeilddalbcoannsege-itoseirclmshacrdaauecrstmeerawilzaeerdxtypbosyswuberllealicntkgoheocarrdasnso,krcpeaismse(p2ol2ei1sl,6m)a.nayd ppruosdtuulcees.skSinomraesh and smapyroimosnsmepiPrbtaaorltylmioclocsoihanloynsgdfcemerdbroarcyaooannfrldecbtahohrdoneepptcuuoeolpamnaptteoeebdnrneatngerxaiymgpsntadoryisosfuioernrraeetmsseuest.ltootinfIsiannilgluhncntaairgflanaiccctfatiieobnr(nrt2oo2asofi1tfsm6t,ho)op.ielsospsrhsweisebiprtlhiiyrcahpctiorogernhycceeptdnroeatldrycatcbtyaiyconlnidcs of
693.3 Toxicology of Mineral Base Crankcase Oil Components carraenpkArceabsserenieotfeildovaiernervTsiueawmblmeofa6r9tih-z4ee.dtobxeilcoowlo.gyTohfe saocmuteettyopxiiccailtycovmalpuoesnefnotrstohfesmeicnoemrapl obuansdes n-Hexane gcspnrpa3rptimhoaereleuoosafcymuerrlmpolyoseisteappecaivnebxHpoilhriseereninnrcsnreemuseeagnyrx.irssicsoeaaanoseeaanblfunpnUsnlteiss,eannttdgleephstitecrianhimienturwmic,ahyoasrtantaev)euunaohy.xlwetirspkeataertebairicoltlcTtn.deyteiuheaghgnmh,isitsso.ynIteeeetsihn,.raatsyeivaTd.6lnbmetseTedhrshpmpmtv.oTiheoioisenfnoreehrilamcsvtnPto1merthtiofg0apoiioiiaolecrrhtamnvsyhranmasitlsetsgllreym.iohaeshnnocmsnesnlalietcfyhivsPtduznlnhoeuotarstdtihsrlcgdcroofdeeuedaiegxeisvenlln.rilcaleecmeeeeasCarxlsmvcriolsmutgsshtaewepriiornsrllolseescodeo,mnmuiaopaonwnnltbtkhbifaitlotiecseneywertinereahsrseemhrvetsidasxcivueiovstnsocaaperrafahdldncdoaotrloeotd.plseychnrnuivhihdranefedtreAyauraotuguelniermaofrt(cttgdallposttehcokaoeteiepsrasievagsng,oassrinensrnetetcpeoyh-eoxsshiashre,ysypaf.iriiesmensombamaxofdsuolmlWancoluyuftefncetCeresluohuesimteceinNmrrretuliivratsncSlcnphatyaaeahhgaelrpailieeiantzosrfaosssseegrfeetekdfdessedrvnni,ecs.esesocttttroesuaatci.Idrhplutnyy,isnIteitoogtsf
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-29
ACUTE TOXICITY OCFRCTAOANMBKLPCEOANS6E9E-N4OTISL OF MINERAL BASE
Component
Oral
Dermal LDso
n-hexane octane isopentane
24 -49 mL/kg Erat ] (1935) 28,710 mg/kg rat j (1937)
no data
no data
t S j no data
33,000 ppm 4 hr [rat] (1935)
1000 mg/L [mouse] (12)
methylcyclopentane
methycyclohexane
2250 mg/kg |rat) (47) no data
no data
cyclohexane benzene toluene
29,820 mg/kg !rat j (1935)
no data
no data
3800 mg/kg [rat) (59)
no data
4700 mg/kg [mouse] (47)
10,000 ppri 7 hr [rat]
(47)
5000 mg/kg [rat] (47)
12,124 mE/kg 5320 ppm [rabbit] (47) 8 hr [mouse
(47)
xylenes
4300 mg/kg rat ] (*7 )
no data
5000 ppm 4 hr [rat] (47)
ethyl.benzene
3500 mg/kg [rat ] (47)
1-methylnaphthalene 1840 mg/kg [rat] (47)
2-methylnaphthalene 1630 mg/kg [rat ] (47)
fluoranthene
2000 mg/kg Irat ] (47)
5000 mg/kg
no data
[rabbit] (59)
no data
no data
no data
no data
3180 mg/kg
no data
rabbit] (47)
69-30 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
bcoenencenfitrrmatlyionesstarbalnisghinegd fbruotmsy1m0pttoom20s0hpapvembfeoern9o-1b2semrvoendthisn. people exposed to
411346,-,80d00aI00ny-opaalpnndmidmra5afto2lssr,,0a05sni0gdmnp4sipn9omufmteansLf.at/rkecrDgo9esfiao-s1trh1ay9rogeumensnieengerunaatldelasyuf.ltotecTrrcahumters.ircoeerdaalarteLcDeoxnpcoiessnectdritaettdoiovansasp2bo4ertmwleelveAenlgs
of for
,V^.,r. d2cdeiainhmnrhp,paeier5geyrgupriv-thtsoeorahlia.eivmnLobdcetrotieaxoouoooIrtlatnnncsxsiaihnsootgt,itumrcinmre-ivaeiotdadt.esneenbyyoihrdobfmotaiSnaiionnlbstappedxsceie,piarcnsrcwcetabhotrihioattohflaisayvcirpiftcl,ikceoiiatnaohacnshrotldn.afmiltartoyulsites,nacccNraioteiann2pinoenotr-ephnxhtchnutalpaceiehe.irnilulycexeinoeonarradtiNgaiotbinonmciert-xoogao1oneheinnll5xcien3cee0,isix5tocixsitsap.igmfppy2tntnryoip%h0aenesism.rendi5ernwirodsnocammfmewh-atonrthsaniriLoeeennecisi/mfx5aedtuslwhalteameaglednveseyelgsars.eeenreytlfe.issamcoscntNabrafoafDrotuomooyfhuculsouaiiapes2nbtnsnnttde0daeoud.t0tggodiahdn(eeiaxC1peeun1no2pwsahei0nf,cnmriaioarntidos1nmnolscan9tfory1saoi3drmcsewslr0isiaggf,eu,ttcs/2fenolktaeewl14rapsigdur9anghi/esw3ctodgeinenoa5lnafedecugl)ayie.eecmnkrsinfdtseboiy.idcern,m.nrT6eyo4sOhesfli,insne
Octane
,j. phasaeprpiatrlaBayntsyeiesdt,hbaiuennttdooirtaatdlshpoerheoylsuuxtnineago,.sto, cTeitxthahmenibeaniytamrctachayoeutsibcCeeNprmaoSptoeierdnfefcdeytceotaoxstifchsoetdcehtunaaennwetiiottsihsclaoahrpwedxpeiaarrocnhxeaiomromrraeotshelto,leygprutetashepnsa.ietr.aoItfforiyt is
;. skin Icnonhtuamct.ans, the only reported effects are blistering and burning due to prolonged
; ec4rmafefisumenpscuiieItnrtsnsaeu.tstnoaearonMsryifcmoioercfaaxselietpssexe,.o,xpsopfuoIcosotrtluesalioersnwdeteoe.extid5opsE3ebavx5cyap0tmepoddposueurpcatrmohtlehueavstt(weo1msl2iset,1ehv2om4ei,nf6r8be,43r202a1e4,n9x0p3hep0p8oo0mi)usr.urprisfrpto.eamrniNtn1.s8ouh5fAfunemtmarrehiacndinogusshrtieeswssciwpolclinaarscpauetrssonoeertddeyrunaacatieraodrfnetteehcssrt,reeia4astf8astmeedre
Dodecane
attfaurdecmmatotoiDernrdiioosgdtewfeenri1ctee0hasd.insbepeDbeniyroszcdboune(etoacanta)nzpnhoeyeoi(grauhea)spnlnlyyyed,rtfoepconxhhrierce.2y.n2syeITlwntdheoed,edeekoeclrcsro:.ae,wbaneesDesentodzadoptot(ephbxcleii)acetndrediefpfotehoisscpeetniaicfvyaopellreloynttmheetrnioceotesintahhtiostoelhdr1ep1odrsofogegs/vskeekenginnbytwyeoehafnetnrhats
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-31
d(1a2y, o1f93g7e)s.tation produced tumors in offspring. No additional information is available
Isopentane
spiht1rak0persi0amintt0deaIartasmoiecnopsfhggppue/geelL,ttaanoilsrnto(osag1tslnhs2itniee)onoe. isfhiskaraaniravnpidtepC,aaetnniNitnoodiSnteeee,xdafytfennerepdasecr.umtedsseoeeRsranacem,naphctase.uoetaismntt,Eifesauld.fnosfssieoo.sTcrnthos,"pefVimrncLoeaaorlCbyonyniMslihcigntiiieygcondhluut"tsodshnkveeedianseopmsx.ochforoiiunInlcasentoerahwnacaitcstolieaorwentnksitio,,tlrlinadamdtizioaprozytfeniernusdasepnisastdstrot,eeondbte5ef0a0t
Methylcyclopentane
MWrpCeeNfehnltSeethaxnMydenlseaeec,tppyhancrpyllealsolisrocepscydaeoecnnsxltiothtosapinbaegHiennutdstuiwnamnneodaoeauenaldpsrtsaehigsfcbeeadetsmneykembixntmloope,alnseecrscrygcttacriyentlacdeotlpboint1peeog0ntew-nth1tahte5anaeavnenpteeppnttmhirhonoee.dsiasoutIsafncnemesttdeoymetximidecocrfeiaffty,reynng3c.eiat8nsrsCc(pe1oyapx2sncmii)slds.otspacs.enlaindugMthsadetenseteeahlrtoyyhisslt.cshyaeocmlfoa,
Methvlcvclohexane
wptceh1hoxri5ogenip,umh2vol2ludNsaiv7veltaoseedpiprsoprsotnpoyaaordmsnnstucdd2e.aoc8mnnek18dDici20cdte0ehrnnpa0paeettppoyrhpmsiiasdspa.towmminfonaoIeinasnnrirsngecpapfsoirrftrseaetibiocmccbsyat.etbaaudimltitseTnesedeo.shs,thfhebuRnlr9yeymae0latcrhbcaywchaobncoloneislsturoj.icsuserhonsdeTni,ncnxichdtobaeieavnunsnnatetinolgirmsothnalc-itasaosegivulonfhosefrngtefvasecbicnisvtneectdeelaitllooneuui7nxvtsl0ia,eercirdlesdamptyiiesimoinsoxnrpjanpuuutnbeecrtedeiocoynastuu,ewistnrodsaaf3sesbmetv0ebhcoe0xairabrtnpetseps.otepiistormuAvnre,tedintion lacrimation, salivation, labored breathing, and diarrhea.
wstiugebneukiflIaincfraocnrdhtir2laottoynixeoicaincr,isenpfhpafaerplocialtdltauiforcoyneudnhsdtynupodweiraetpussl,marseeoixnarp,saolaisnncuhdrraeamnttsgeo,edsmu2l0iilnc0aer0,myhpampalemminrs,eatre6tars.slhi,zoaToutrrhiosednspo.eegrsi.ndcalTuyhd, ee5dodnraelyynsalper
Dermal application of the liquid produced local irritation, thickening and ulceration (12, 46, 54, 17, 1936).
Cyclohexane
are eCxycictleomheexnatn, eloisss aofCeNqSuildiberpiruemss,ansttupoofrloawndtocxoimcitay.. RSayrmeplyt,omdesatohf arecsuutletsexdpuoesutore
69-32 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL d6mre.a0osmprgiear/gkapegto,o.traeynnWdftaititchlhouialnrlnea.p1t.sh5eTa.hthoecDuaareusngseeetsndhtehebreayastniaihivmeewxaahllesnicseeih.oxnhisTsibhiwinetederdouercaseseldeveLeinsrDewi^ndeiaitankhrerrahanhebdeaba,irotwstf,irdblauernsnipeggfer,sedlaiufdvrreoarvmt,aioskcn5iu.d5lbnauetrtoy atrnedmborraiann.d Awaosnlee-thhoaul rtovaapllorexepxopsoesdurreabtboits2.6,7I5n2mpipcme, ccoanucseendtrraatpiiodnsnacracuossiinsganndarcosis vary from 14,600 to 122,000 ppm. a(>nd 1cC8a0yu.c2sleodgh/ektxgha)entedoeiasrtahnbobomitfinsakallilnlaynraiembsusaolltsre.bdedinthmriocurgohscothpeicsckhinanaglethsoiunghthemalisvseirveanadppkliicdanteioyns s eeamxxlmippcoorooTssseetshcddceoopttdmooicapnvleclagevhpeteareolnlsryogolefeesflcvihem7wlr8seio6nrnoeapiftcpse4edmp3eo4nfifrsoopoirnmpnmittnhth,ghee6eislsaibhvmrooeedurelyraas.ptinevddrNeailoioykldyid.stolfnioxgerihycts5c0bwhehaecxneapnguoesstsehuwertheersirsa,ebbcbsoueimttesnpswoomieunrneerdabisbits .r; baledevedeniltIinoornefmpa3loa0rnd0t,eptn!apoitmlhssayoitssftcestymohcmiilscoehiwpneohtxeiaasrtnoaneciritnirmoigtnasaytaibnprygeocttaeyonvcalttoiihalhaetebexeleatyhne(ees12tha,onaxd1vi7cem, eb4ufe6fcee,oncu5t4ssr,eomp1foe9rmT3t7Oeb)dr.C.aPnAebs.uvtaIpntoohras Benzene
The primary effects of benzene inhalation and ingestion are on the central nervous system (54). Benzene is carcinogenic in both animals and man. Several - 6 rmTeoopxroierctoislnohfgoayrvmeGauetsiiodtaneb,. lrisehfeerd tao rCelhaatpiotnersh1ip8 boeftwtheeenInbsteanllzaetnioeneRxpeostsourraetiaonndPlreougkreammia. For Toluene ChapTteorlu1e9neofisthaeCINnsStadlleaptrioenssaRnetstwoirtahtiaonloPwrotgorxaicmityT. oxFiocrolomgoyreGiunifdoer.mation, refer to Xvlenes ddtmhaeeeiplmryreAebdsrwcsoauiasontseneess.n,eroxaaBpnneoogvdtsiihndusgkertneihnfcreteoo(ml4ioq6hfu)i2g.ic5dha0Traccthnoionendoc1Nget0hena0nett0riicovaminattipyaogol/nkorsTgfaoombrxfeyiicxxoigeyrldalroevigtnxaayeygtliePnevngarfooeptgrsoorri2asntmhymeeeiarateeyhrcyseecer(nas1,utm9lsym3iec9ureC)ec.pooNuorSrsrteadts tghiavten ProgrFaomr mTooxreicoinlofogrymGautiiodne,. refer to Chapter 21 of the Installation Restoration
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-33
Etbvl Benzene tract.EthSyylstbemeniczeanbesoisrpptrioimnacrailuysaesn CirNriStandteptoretshsieonsk(in4,6)e.yes and upper respiratory ProgrFaomr mToorxeicoinlofogrymGatuiiodne,. refer to Chapter 20 of the Installation Restoration Methvlnaphthalene arraentsdphepTacbvhtioeevteobolsyeneelny(n4si7art)diez.vpaeotrriosteende(f1ffo7erc).t1s-OomfreatmlheyLtlDhnyaWlpnhvaatphlhuatelhesnaoelefna1ne8dr4e02p-omrnregtte/hkdgylinnaanmpdha1tnh6a3aI0reenmesg,k/ikngirinrittahteion Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) ccfooacnrucciseAnnootgnfreautntomiixocbinceeorfolfooefgcftithcsPa.eAlseHsRtcueoaldemriveeapspnowrtneietfsnhientnsdPtinAiingnHcsrueahnarausesessesbudsemiegmmnniinaftriehcirezaaienrldtblpybaoesitneleonwcutris.aaelndktoccaraisnendkoucical.eseTohile. The Fluoranthene ccbmaooirmtccheip.FnalolesuRgtoeeaernpcaciacenoiratmtchtyiep,endnloienegtadeepwincpcaalassitucrinnaccitgohnitooaangcsaesotnrbrfceoionfnnrlzoguogao[ceraonta]u-ipnccmytahrwroeecrhnnineeeinnoigpttoaeirandotmdimocuroinceuiefinssfdeteescasertkvecide(no2rna3oalsr1lia5odsl)nkle.yigrnaawbnplidaethinwetnlaionhswgainndscatoeucsmdteiisveeensotfinoaf signifMicuantatglyengirceitaytesrtunduimesbeforrofflumoruatanttihoennseinarSeamlmixoende.llaFtluvpohraimntuhreiunme iTndMu6c7ed7 tahan an ewaqsesuraieymro(e2lap3ro1r5ct)oe.dncienntfroautrioonthoefrthsterapinossitoifveSaclomnotrnoell,labeanszwo[eal]lpaysreinne.a mNoeugasetiveembrersyuoltcsell ac1on0r0ra0esB,sspaausnomendpadtcsioconetnopatoaafbnnlo1ea-0me0hf%ufbemiceantabtnlsewodvraeapltiletyifrooinrqnutmoaafkloierttyhtaoeclfirtai0ytp.e4pirnliimoeandgcodfhlforuso4oen2r,iacaninmtghd/Loeunan(es2e3wus1nak5csi)en.cratpalaciniuntlytaitnfegadc,sttowurhdiyoc,fh
69-34
Pvreae
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
csho-ocwaPnrycritnoeonbgeeewnaaisnwnesaokktinctauprmaciionnrtoingingeintsiitacutodinrieosinrwatlihthsetumbdeoineuzss,oe[baus]kptiynwraecsnaerr.ceipnPoorygtreeendneestioshabmseoadalseol (b2e3e1n5).
Pyrene produced negative results in Salmonella tvphimurium and in vitro -'smisatmermcahlriaonmacetildls.exNchoaningde,ucotriocnhroofmDoNsoAmereapbaeirrraantidonnsowuenrsechreepdourleteddD(2N3A15s)y. nthesis,
'wdeeremkFapelweLriDdoadUta(v4aw7leu).reeinfouthnedmonoutsheewtaosxicreepfofretcetds atossobceia1t0edg/wkigthwphyernenaeppelxiepdosfuorre:a 3A-
Chrvsene
'tihnietiasCittoherroyosffesnsukebinicsuctraaerngcaeironduoesgdeonraessiinastrcianommtuhpselceumtleaorcuasinrec.jeincLotigooecnnasl fosoafrrccmhormoyuassesenhesak(vi2ne22ba9se)ew.nelrlepasoratned at
- piannboocestreiretdrMiaavsteiuein.otanitngAseesawntwsbieceewrraesrikttahurtsediiopSisneotaessrlrmtwwecodiahtnshreinolrclmeahhparaottymvrisdptesehntdeeiemxrciuhnhbraaoimvunnemgoeeubmseaweenaandrosroonarcweeyhgptoaceoesstrit.ltvlesemdNaeonoidrnd,iainahtnetdaedmugbcaesatsttiseitosv,rnaesyo,onfai(lfn2ynd2cdwhi2n9raego)as,smklwilogyeshorteme
RTECS (47) reports the dermal TD^ value for the mouse as 3600 ig/kg,
Benzo[bifluoranthene
i-'
Benzo[b]fluoranthene is considered an initiator of skin carcinogenesis as well as a complete carcinogen for mouse skin. Local sarcomas have been reported at the site of subcutaneous or intramuscular injections (2229).
vinivdoucLsttiiumodniyteodrfepcdhoarrtatoemdoonasotwhmeeaalmkaubitneadrgrueacnttiiicooinntys ooinff shbisaetmnerzsotce[hbrr]ofmlmuaoarrrtioadwntehcxeeclnhlsean(w2ge2er,2e9b)uf.otunnod.sigAnnifiicnant
benAzod[ber]mfluaolrTanDt^heonfe 7f2orm6g0/kwgehekass b(4e7e)n. reported in mice treated with
Benzoiklfluoranthene
bpiecnozgNor[aokm]cfsla/urmocroinauonsgethe/anepnicpelriicenastpNiooMnnsRefoIrwmatshiceneirottlreiefdeattiienmdeatws(2ki2cine29pa)a.wineteinkgwsittuhdyupwittoh 9.2
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-35
.benzAo[kd]eflrumoarlanLtDhe^nevafloure4o7f w28ee2k0sm(4g7/k)g. was reported in mice treated with Benzofelpyrene oBbesPerBevpeenodzxotidofee]bpheyavrseebrnyeeew(nBeaieskPol)lyatiasecdit.nivaecAtwiv9ie,thlOasa-dnaihapyvrdeorrcoaagbreecninozofog(0ee.n)5pybpreaecpnaielulosdmeeranisovapcteihvreemmhiocauaslslbeye(es1tna2b).le the dTehrme aolraTlDT^DUis 2in40thmegm/koguwseheisn3a6p0pmliegd/kfgorw3h0enwaedekmsin(i4s7te)r.ed for 43 weeks while Benzolalpyrene vicchiBannihacaavcttrrsProlicouva;bimBedtn(ret2ioeohaenm2ngscneg2oezhu9nmosesti)naieh[a.gaasgdlonli]euwsprinafcoyni,ibtcunrieeaoettrxennomnrshcea.iibeoctbie(feiooBI.ttinifbnansoiPFtgsthvi)ohniiaprvshleooasbafsosoistislnottoiaidhbsmcvtiaeetenaserlrgpcanmhaencfnruhstomdthptrruaoelamasghmtycemuooesangmrtnotiesoictsdamnathnlriiaeeascecxxvsaicctapeserahnoncqrbdaniscunensiiebveeognnssegoeotlengiyiiinoneennnnsdtmaaahuulnbblaadcdylmreioeerdofasdo(trnw2tieanhor2li,ecnf2mcei9daettl)ieielllc.asllrssetmtPooBaorsaAfnyarlH,ohdasPtlafa.elmyinmsskdBsgsiatinaenvPrenin srteusodriPepsrteiorgennpsaonartntedrdadtsneoaedxepfffoeestceutdseostno, bt1huetmodgneBlvyealPoo/npgeindgmieaetlmfdoburrrmyinoegd(g2fee2ts2ut9as)t.iionnssehvoenweldittearns.incOrtehaesre in taahnepimrhoSaeltlomsunda(gi2teeo2dsp2o9odn)iee.pttirhceesasntioodxnilcyoimtfyptohhfeoiBdimasPmysurtneemveesarelhesdapvoetnhsaaetlsotaosbsienhegenleeprceraperodcritnbeodlogoeidnnicecxedlplose.sreimDpearnomtdaaulgceedto whuhmileaTnhasneiso1r1lai-slwteTedeDka^sst7iun0dytnhgien/mrma5ti(c4ies7)rl.iesvteedaleads 4a0d9e5rmmagl/kTgDw^heonf a2d3m10inmisgte/kregd. fTorhe52TCw^eekins Indenoil.2.3-c.dlpvrene mintoruasImenudsskecniunol.a[rl,L2in3oc-jecac,ldti]toupnmysroe(r2ns2e2hi9as)v.ceoanlssiodebreeednarnepinoirttiaedtoratanthdecsoimtepoleftseucbacructiannoegoeuns foorr
69-36 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL Benzo[g.h.i]pervlene rcI(2Ceov2nRe2da/9AuHl)ec.adtperSdtowhnwaiostisuthbnmec2nei0czde0o0[3gc,f.ahitgir,mic]bpienesenorazygolewe[nngei,eechk,pei]rffpofoeedrrcuyt5cl2weednawesmeepoiklbxusessed(r52vr2eef2sdigu9l)itB.nsaaiLPnismaiSnpaigtplelmledieoedmnxeputloeltaaritgmhtevenepinhcstkiimtiynndroiafntma
No toxicity data on benzo[g,h,i]perylene were located. Anthanthrene 263 mThg/ekgonilnytthoexicmitoyusinefowrhmeantioanppfloieudndfoorn30anwtheeaknsth(r4e7n)e. was a dermal TD^ value of Coronene appliAeddfeorrmoanl eTwDe^ekof(4270).mg/kg has been reported in the mouse when coronene was Additives Used in Mineral Base Crankcase Oil sdoismcueLssaiitdotldneitoiinvfefosserclmeacantteibodnecfwoomausnpdofouuinnnddTs aoibsnlpear6do9dv-ii5dti.evde.s iTnhmeinaevraaillabbaleseaccuratenktcoaxsiceitoyild. atAa fborrief . 2.6-Di-tert-butvl-p-cresol BHT2,,6is-Duis-etedrta-sbuatnylo-px-idcraetisoonl, imnhoirbeitcoorminmsoynnlythketniocwcnraanskcbausteyloaitledanhdydhryodxryatuolliucefnlueidosr. vctprhaaoterssctni-aBntunroHmedgaTebtmnmei,rinecwhneoihtfbwiiwpltaesuistlthtmnhueeoBmgnHiaoantrrTciiyvgidee(ae1nd(n7e1ecs)7n.ies)o.omTwfhhahseeeniNpnamCdtuoIu.cmlbteiadiposlabeisynsdaduoyusrceefesotdhraarcbneayera2cwdi-naemocrieegnteyianslutiaecgmrmeeidfnefonebQcteetudsfooorrbeefynBaeHaTndin cdp(ed1axero7vpons)iegett.-rAridefiemasVestrspeawaeeenlrpdhintitooiaidtlreuleoetssenasdfontumicbirrcmtorveueoriardvrspalruoishstercoodfstwgeliooedshfgunnreiofeinccfmixaentrleprefmgueadfrmrneaoecdshewtsloeiybtmvoxhieyofhogrcirhagaehrnehntehemomadpfoagoihocnrelstlarsdhoehlswaoaaclfegmolhvdeftaeishanoBtelighHanieneertsTpoBrei.hdaptHathiisdAvtTehyehdmepaevbllisxieeeasprue,lnsorneetdsaevualoseermtbfraiefssnae.,bedcgrenteDvespaenisoedniasnrldeicimtu-nloudpincdeleeipecadeawlntheadich
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-37
Additive
ACUTE TOXICITYTAOBFLSEE6L9E-5CTED ADDITIVES OF MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL Oral (mg/kg) Dermal (mg/kg) Inhalation (ppm)
O2,6x-pidD-aci-rttieeosrnotl-bInuhtyibl*itors: Phenothiazine
2-NaphthoI Zinc dithiophosphate TFrriiccrtieosnyl Mphodosifpiehrast:e Trip-ohrotshpoh-carteesyl
LD,, [rat]: 890 LLDDm^ [[rcahti]l:d]5:040205 LD* [rat]: 2420 LD^, [rabbit]: 2130
LDso [rat]: 4680
LLDD^ [[rhaut]m: a3n0]0:01000
--
-
--
_
-
-
-
Source: 47
cpinaladvsiutmyct,iicoannredotifcpuamlnuicmcrreoa(ss1o.7m).aLliveenrzycmhaensg, easndinarnatisn, cmreiacese, dansdynmthoensikseyosf ihnecpluadtiecdsmenoloarthgeemnednot, BHT is mildly irritating to human skin and severely irritating to rabbit eyes (17).
Fhenothiazine murointoaArrytaacotnnitveiistetyipmatinec,d. paCblteuenrroretpbnsityalcyzh,inoitteiciwsbaaesnhuaismveidoproirn(t1a7hn,utm16aa)nn,timpseydcihcointiec adsruagn uasnetdhetlomdinimticinaisnhd leukoSpideeniaef,feecotssinoofphpihliean,oatnhdiazhienmeoilnyctliucdaenteomxiiac. heDpeartmitiastiatinsd, hjayupnedrsiceen,silteivuiktyo,cyatnodsis, photosensitivity have also been reported in phenothiazine-treated individuals (17, 16)
69-38 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
Zinc dithiophosphate
o(2r3al17ZL)iD.nsco dviaallukeylodfithgrioepatheorspthbaante2(Zg/DkgDPbw) haansdaalodwermacaulteLDsyMstvemaluicetionxiecxitcyeswsitohf a3ng/kg
r.i,,' ftnpihosresonud-ariUurdinrcndiegtdisatiiatlvmuinnetdogeid.dneexrZhPfaoyrDtldoeiDarloattPoniuoglnisiecsedv(fa2elcu3rsoi1eedn7vste)ea.rarcynettdhweeysimtyehnaitruharnenitdtdaiincleut;cdtreehadmonwakZ.ceDavsDeRerPe,optieihlssae,tieridsrdiiltruacettogeinnadtgradpcterotdordtaehussecutl,stksuinsinedanads
.acm(to2noax2ndli1sec6erInce)er.ulafafsbtetuiSbevcbdiotetcsmsh.wtooreeofDebsnZkteoiucrsdDdmytriDoeaewsxPsluiecsaliu(itgpt1egyhp2dgtl1siect7ilsunao)t.dtsidstioheenasac,ntrodeZtfahDsr5eeeDddtmuPosacp2elpee5drr%irmmfeoapoZcrrdoioDluydcDnuoatPcnsftfsieavuEcnemvtdseepftstdfhioeaoemcyntsresreaaptmetrwhsaoteyedirceubuktcelhtafiarovpnrehaytttorsohriorogptealhhoenegysicoafl
Tri-ortho-cresvl phosphate (TOCP)
. .-nefefuercoTtsmOouCfsPcTulOiasrCkPpn,roowsbenleemtCoshca(ap2u2tse1er6)p4.e9rFiopofhrethraaislcoGnmeurpivdloeeu.tes sdyisscteumss.i.donamoafgteheleatdoxinicgoltoogical
Phenates
^ ,,
daerraohcgsheaexrsfeoffdvploopvwecaeuueweociesaurlcpPstepvolmsemeehdeepddwdraerteha,snmtpd7tootseaoht0eagmht%easmtmee2etnoense5ah.gaaesiritletansggoeeenrwiEchirsseneitrxsedseaehia1iawinesglpns0omlnihcyr0dwdwwciito%dneeeiedahnlealdiysuoygcnotcsciprhcfsnauosteoletlniosiahcpvogelsiyoelhdofuaoeapfstdsmfssllospaieyy.apatssessbrplstrrpaeEduiemhenesamttexdierhttaapuenmt.neathdocranooraeesgtgMeutdeaeame1o2rnnns0aga5eiaipt%lenemt%eiesnntair2aoteesNnmhalscdsdnmeeio1aasdw0ralaLtic1%fnoati/tah0ugnkhZe0y1emdrgige%cb0pn/arad0ioaehetllp%apsaocayc3yihlirntpasau.,0ledloysm-acno5ipdiAadrawurla.ddatpemyhehaisd2htiiyyTui8artegvpspee-c.neredochesopasrpoadte.uTteaevylnerpabseeias.CnbesrfwiwttxoyicaaeetepriTeslsdpceiog(hge2id2kerswuneh8r3euomeirctf1uroioidme7epngdirapn);hcaoy.thi4ltsofdlteyhwenw2insaa.e5cstee%eks
Bacteria and Biocides
spurpopdWourctatsttehwre-hbigacrhsoedwdotlhunboorfticbacaoncnttstearaiinnad, wymaetaiensrte.sr,alEanoxdiploflsuuunbrgreii.ctaonGtbsraoccwotetnhrtiaadmoiniensactoneoodltawnntiostrhmmwaalaylytelreoaccdcauntro in
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-39
sieegnkxirtcoiihnsrwteestraahns(.be2ddi2oBe1csy6iikode)i.ceniisrdMarweinstihdacianrcrrtohseebsik(pma2iillr2ola1idntt6eohf)rere.aycttmeiiolniyncfretocootofirohcgnioagsonh;lilasyhmnottwsosxeoiivsrceurbt,osyunhaboluiloymesvtacainodtnssetnwbrcoyhelilicenohdgferbsseuytsictohtrnhiceptarnuomdsbielcemromoafbsyiable
693.4 Levels of Concern
osEudPpoApr.Nli(eo2s0ct1ro2it)ebrediaoveiosrrtulisasttlalynadfcarrreidetesrfrisoopnmecfioofiricl oafionlrdamngdrinegearrsaeel,aspbeaarwsethicicucrlhaanrrlkyecqawusiiertheosirldegwoamerrdeesttlioocctwaatasettdee.rand
6933 Hazard Assessment
ecfrorsertasampnbekCulccilatsaahrsttcieooitnhnotoseihlgsedecnaoabrisaccsisuiGtneygrogoogteiueelssnpttaiscen3indftoyh(ricanoonvafmcaderspedpiqooeusuctiusaitfitmiomecnoidrpnoairegtforeaadna)lu.diccbdtTaiatsfecieovstiretvcssmir.tacuyonlIawnkAtdciiRtoauhnsCcestueo(swd1eihld8swi2cioa1htirh)leschvai(aann2sra2ivodc1alue2arqs,ysus2iwaf2iti2eetdh1)t.o
riomnefupcptruaooMlgldtyeuuucnrcytieatcciglvaiiecennndaeitcfrhrfoeeaamcctAttabisvtmoiioctneyfeshtoyahmfdsersausaorenycruaom(rws2eba2dotce1ner8mlsil)aso,ilnst(po.2rur2es1soeu7idlm, wm2a2abo1slty8on)rd.eugoeaUilt.sitveoedTthhimneerobeitnaocacrtrreeeoraiilnsaeo,wdmadscaaotmhanimcgoehannllytiarthanteicoenlls
dnearumseHaatu,itmvisoamnaniitdningogeislatianocdnnedoifa(2rcr2rh1ae6na)k.c(a2s2e16o)i.l cRanepperaotedducdeerirmriatal tcioonntoacftmcuacnouressumlteminbranes,
giIcparnordrrehnoviatadceatelTruteansicrhnteteiegrodteahnfottafioirneenoacxfntlltp2hassL5oemusiDnmeumpyrIageetVtuovsikoatinoagnl1une0,feaed0oditrefpshmorkietrgmgihrns/eammu(lo3i2rsnfeae2fdetdo1rrear3(amob2)lor.b2abni1,tuae4snas)enhu.(2dosc2euMrd1hra4yinnm)apk.epeicrnpraaRkeeslraeeearbrplaoeaetdisbaoleatstheisocsaderspiamndnrbeeokerrstceameoanbnrsabteleiotsniosatloipilm(mp2sila2siiigstc1tenma4dita)ifi.ltiodctnolaynbte
69.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS srhpeoqewcueiiDfvrieecesrte,mtrhtamhejoeinrcroacetllolieaomctnitpviooeonfncetoonhnftecsaepngrreteernspaeertrnieaocslneelysnotaoaftfttimrvtiheibneueftirceeaolddln-bststoaaistmmeudepinnletecsrr,aaanlan-dnbkdaclasaeebsdveoerncoaritlaotshnryekincacasnosoaneillsyotsaiitilnssu;defnowrtsatthere
69-40 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL btthoeeewmnesaiedtlhveenerst,iinfwige.idll aTvsahrteyhemwafitojhollrotwicmoinmeg:panodnednitstcaantceegofroirems itnhemsiniteeraolf-biansiteidalccroanntkacmasienaotiilosnhdauvee . bbcnpnyr-oeaacanlpyllnzhoknceatauhhnlnkceaeeldaslesenanaaerenlsksdaarnoaemlksaytlibcenhzyednreoscarbons (C^-C^) `y.hvccbdcseSossappoaerxhoarnaeeroaplmtnrriteamlirnynseioadcnloapocyccpmkreAucinylztanslcpaetsiaecaitatensacdcdciltrmdsiorcgloadoacecaongtmprbctowinalreaioyoloulonaebk(silrinmmptenssdlpociGhsencr,abmp,nwmdtiCaasyooecaiaento/e.rdoenniietmuanootluieo.hulctlrn,aianlyidooVnadlpssbthGdtosisopGibeesytstnfClhsrnshdeiuCc,opnec(zre/womMp1eaeonewnxaomf4cprnceiiSsttirta2itebearriielhr2lndl,eaot1rdGatb)eee.cmert.oorraC(tocwyrsnae3aenhIl/odhAl5stutnMcanw-rli6iboevflonicyfywir0qSnlaernhtuaz)hanusie(sae.rtmeGac,otehladedtinfsurndxqCio(.aoettbyeurcrl/nsg.ylyrModigpeApsascastni.roGesih,lnSqsuieucmomlk))uCstcsottfr,crihieaerotnoiaorortoeeocfngshpsiocttuhrlephrtmeyhhlslihieoyGinonfoqaoscerllstiiauCtuiraooqlcfobsmgaoimtmaiu/.dgrcealMrrepirinpeonpbfscaslOtSlelziehooorepuctemnailsymhhonlifetidoaaryxnienpdscroynt,ahe,icor(eensmaehGtbaantumahdshcrnueepltCetoafdonusl,itmunei)ndatrosnwssseneolepa,ages),,iaabteonidtaopnrchrescpdngoioehartfrdmmqbxlonitiogiaochuhqreaiaprpaeniitlusctdrhewhrnleiitoeetoeycderoimnnb;tn-auethaletalhiaxpstni-qobbenhftebohduuyrldeaeanyaaitlsdeytvctehansteodniietsoys;n. -wcr-haotauhrleaAdrclttnteehrorietnstabqictueisvaten(hlity.eie,t.a,mtthiceveoaems"udomreileotmeanrnemdsnoitnlguarobetfiaiolsainetny"oaicfnbosgntorrtloieucunthpetlsocqraouonfaflncubtooeimtrymopeooetfanhseaaunnrsteeps)d.ew.ciiTftTihhchesicisom"modiilelpatroearnnpmdehniygnts,raiectbaaiuoslent" , fecotohrnataenqneuteaionsuddsemafinenadesdusoraeilsdsaagnmryapvmliemase.tetrriicaalllrye;coexvterraecdtiofrnommeetxhtordasctiaorne wthitohsetrdicehsclorirboetdrifaluboorvoe daqetueecAotuiosdnestaleimmctpiitolenfsorlaimnsdpitejcfiiogfr/igcmcfoionrmernpaooln-nb-eaanqsteusdeioscuresaxnspkaecmcatpseeldeso.tiol cbaenninotthbee rdaentgeermoifnedtg;/Lthfeor
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-41
69_5 REFERENCES Nthoetye:apTpheearnoinnstehqeuemnatsiatelrnbuimblbioegrrsaopfhyt.he references reflect the order of references as
1. AMlidlrwicahukCeeh,emWiicsaclonCsoin. :1A98ld4.riAchldCrihchemCicaatlalCogo.,HIanncd. book of Fine Chemicals 2. ADmoceurmicaenntaCtioonnfeorefntchee oTfhGreosvheorlndmLeinmtiatl VInadluuesstr,ia4lthHeydg.ieCniisntcsin(nAaCtiG, OIHh)io.1980. 4. MMAamertehyrloaidcnasdn:- ASWomcaeiteretirycaafnnodrSoTEcenisevttiiyrnogfnomarnedTnetMastlianTtgeerciaahnlndso1lMo9g8ay3te.r(ASiaenlcsn.tuioanl BITo).okEaosftoAnS, TM 6. BMCLdpeo.eoHeftrnidekn.tn;iroicttawaHiicaoliatltnRrzNer,seniotJssvuo.e.BidnarD.ri,o;ecAnJshGm.MEooae.nDy;nned1tsRra7e,loDl-e7sMeece7ftvn.-feMCeebdlcl-.oat;7pscthtHm,o3eafem7Drn.rs.iteiHcFsla,eCo.lcsrJo1.tt.mCe9VDd7.m;8oeo.altLurrnLyigmdcmia.ktenea,rinIcaF,ItrpuW-eordCleJleu.hrr;tieeacmHvkni,itoesswtmM.ryFeD-,,in:ptRaorUlxo.A.ibRScl;o.eelmpAoNogrerymltk,yaennd, 12. TCSoolanxysict,ooInlno,cg.Gy,.D3.r;dCrleavy.toend,.,FV.Eo.l,. e2dAs,. 21B98,1T. oPxaicttoylo'sgyIn. dNuestwriaYloHrky:giJeonhenanWdiley and 13. TCInolcax.yictoonlo,gGy,.D3r.;dCrleavy.toend,., FV.Eol,. e2dCs,. T1o9x8i2c.olPoagtyt.y'sNeInwduYsotrrika:l JHoyhgnieWneilaenydand Sons, 16. GPPhuilbamrlimasnha,icnAogloGCg.oi;c.a,GlIonBoca.dsmisaonf, TLh.Se.r;aGpeilumtiacns,, 6Ath 1e9d8.0.NGewooYdomrakn: ManadcmGiilllmanan's The 17. TGWooixlskiscienolislno,gCyoR.o.Ef.;CSommimthe,rcRia.Pl.;PrHododugctes,, H5t.Ch.;edB.rBadaldtoimcko,reJ:.ETh1e98W4.illCialimniscaalnd 21. TGercahynsoonlo,gMy,.;3Erdckerdo.thN,eDw.,Yeodrsk.:1J9o7h8n. KWirikle-yOtahnmdeSroEnsn.cyclopedia of Chemical 39. HNaatziaorndaoluFsirMeaPterroitaelsc,tio7tnhAedss.oBcioasttioonn: (NNFFPPAA) 1978. Fire Protection Guide on
1V''
69-42 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL 46. PPhroilcatdoerl,pNhi.aH:.;LHipupginhceost,tJC.Po.m1p9a7n8y. .Chemical Hazards of the Workplace. 47. RANevagatiiioslatnrbaylleoItnfhsTrtoiotuxugitche EothfffeeOcNctscautoipofantCaiohlneLamilbicrSaaarlfyeStouybfasMntadendcHiecesian(lReth'sT(EMNCEISOD)SLHDAa)R.taSbassyeste1m98,4. 54. SNiettwig,JeMrs.ey1:98N1o. yHesanPdubboloickatoiofnTs.oxic and Hazardous Chemicals. Park Ridge, ^ 59. PTLeiobexrriacroRyleoovgfiyeMwDaeCdtaoicmBinmaeni'stkteM(eT.EDDBL)ADRaStasbyassteem1,9N84a.tiAonvaaillaLbibleratrhyrooufgMh ethdeiciNnea,tioTnDaBl 60. U.S. Coast Guard 1978. CHRIS Hazardous Chemical Data Report No.
MU.1S6.4C6o5a.1s2t GCuOaMrdD. I(NASvTai.laWblaeshUiSngGto.nP,.OD..,CS.:toDckepNarot.m0e5n0t4)o1f2T-0r0a1n4s7p-o2r)t.ation, 305. Subchapter C - Hazardous materials regulations. 49CFR171-177 309. Constituents prohibited as other than trace contaminants. 40CFR227.6 . 351. Toxic pollutants. 40CFR401.15 355. Federal Register 1980. Water quality criteria documents; availability. 45:79318. 505. NRaeaticotnioanl sF. iQreuiPnrcoyt,ecMtiAon: NAFssPoAci,atPiuonb,lic1a9t7io5n. MNaon. u4a9l1Mof-1H9a7z5a,rdous Chemical ^507. MmaanteurfiaacltuSraefrest.y Data Sheets and other safety-related data from chemical 511. 0AEH7na6mvt,aireyPotaBhnmo8mad0e,-2nfH2ota1r.Kl0dQ.R;e5teCe.srhemaerninc,hinJJgL.a;tbhdoeerVacoteomrrayp,,aEtCi.biRnil.ci;tiynSntoaeftpi,hhaeOnzHasr,.dRoE.uDsP.;AwSaRstrteeopsm.o,rMtDu6.nL0i.0c,/i2p1-a98l800-. * 515. MDSc.co,Gwedr,asK.w.H-H1a9inl8ld2Bb. ooRooakkteoCfoofC. hbeiomdiecgarladPartoipoenr.tyLyEmstainm,aWtioJn.;MReetehhold, sW. N.Fe.;wRYoosrekn:blatt, :529. eMHdacsr.GriHrsa,awJn.-dHb1i9oll8o2kB.ooRofkaCteChoeom.f ihcyadlrPolryospise.rtLyymEsatnim, WatiJo.n; RMeeethhlo,dWs..FN.;ewRoYsoernkb:latt, D.,
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-43
535. SCuobusntcainlcoesf.E4uMroapyea1n97C6o.m(7m6/u4n6i4ti/eEsEDCi-rOecJtiLveI2o9n, 1th8eMDaiysch19a7rg6e). of Dangerous
536. C19o7u8n.c(il76o/f65E9u/EroEpCea-OnJCLom22m2,un14itiAesugDuisrtec1ti9v7e8)o.n Fishing Water Quality. 18 July
537. SChoeulnlfcisilhoWf Eatuerros.pe3a0nOCctoombmerun1i9t7ie9s. D(7i9r/e9c2t3iv/Ee EoCn-tOhJe LQ2u8a1l,ity10RNeqouviermedbeorf 1979)..
538. C19o7u9nc(i8l0o/6f8E/EuEroCp-eOaJn LC2o0m, m26unJaitnieusarDyir1e9c8t0iv).e on Groundwater. 17 December
542. 2C0ouMncairlchof1E97u8r.opean Communities Directive on Toxic and Dangerous Waste.
787. ACLaoubugenulcslitinl 1go9fo67fE;uDarasonpagemearneonuCdseodSmubmbysut6na9nit/ci8ee1ss/.ED2Ei7rCeJc,ut1inv9eeM1o9na6r7cC.hla(61ss79i6/f5i9c4;a8t7/iE0o/nE1,8CP9/a-EcOEkaCJg,iLn1Ig496a,nd16 OM75ca/t4ro0cbh9e/rE19E17C907;,9,71418/31J/u444l6y/7E/1EE9CE75,C;2,79269/M9J0au7rl/cyEhE11C998,7313);.0 7D3e/1c4e6m/EbEerC,192756;Ju7n9/e83119/7E3E; C, 15
982. UW.Sas.hEinngvtiornonDm.Cen.:taUl .PSr.oEtencvtiiroonnmAgenentaclyP1r9o7t6e.ctQiounalAitgyeCncryit.eria for Water.
1217. Sp1ae2ns:9tdi9ce9ird-s1e,0sP1f2.Fr.o.;mSemiboedre,lJs.oNi.l a1n9d83w. Aatecrhdamispboesralfosrysmteemas.uCrihnegmvooslpahtielirzeation of
1422. American Public Health Association (APHA). 1985. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 16th ed. Washington, D.C.: APHA
1793. 3P7r3opFoisnaall.fo4r JaulCyo1u9n8c5i.l Directive on the Dumping of Waste at Sea. Com (85)
1821. HIMthnuetoemnrEoanvgnaarstal.iuopVanhtaosilol.onAn3go3et.fhnGtechyeeEnfveCoavralaurR:caietWnisooeonagrrelodnchficHtohReneaislCtCkhaaonrOfccrieCngroah(gneIemiAznaiiRcctaiCoRlns)i.st1ko98oH3fu. CmWhaoenmrsk.iicInaAglsRGtCoroup on
1822. RGeuinndheorlsdonP,uRbl.iCsh.,inHgaCrto, rApoWra.t,ioend.s,, 1962, Synthetic Lubricants. New York:
1823. CtBhioegnidrsae,rrevR-arJtei.foinna.inndCgoApnsotsrtoeacncittaiatNel.so. D1U9E.8S0-.A. DTRe1p9etv-,7ie8owBfCEo3fn0ea2rl2gl7yl,,ub8Dr3iivcpais.niotsnuosfedInidnustthreiaUl .ESn.earngdy
69-44 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
1824. MGucGthrraiew,-HVi.lBl.,Beodo.k, 1C9o6m0,paPneytr.oleum Products Handbook, 1st ed. New York:
1837. eDnodosleoyf,cJr.uEd.;e.HHirysdchro,cDar.Ebo.;nTPhroomcepsssoinng,,CVJo.;l, W53a.rd, C.C. 1974. Analyzing heavy
1839. Ysoalulkboiwlitsykyo,fSs.oHm.;eVaarlovmanait,icS.cCo.m; pMoaucnkdasy.,RDe.si1d9u8e3.REesvt.im85a:t4io3n. of the aqueous
r 1840. tC1o9o:aw6t2ae8tse-,3rM2p..a;rCtitoinonnecllo,eDff.iWcie.;ntBsaorfroanl,ipMha.ti1c98h5y.drAoqcaureboounss.soElunbviilriotyn.aSncdi.oTcteacnhn-lo-ol.l
1841. PRmroiocgrteeorcbst,iiooJlno.EgAicga1el9n8lci6ty.e,rAaAtnutahreeern.osRb,iecGp>tAorratnNsfoor.mEaPtAio/n60p0r/o3c8e6s/s0e4s2:,aUr.Sev.ieEwnvoirfotnhmeental
1842. NDaerwt,YRo.rKk.:; EStlsreevttioenr,SRciJen. t1if9i8c0P. uMbliicsrhoibnigolCogoimcaplanaysp. ects of pollution control.
1924. f'
PVCpBereaoticllnrluk,ocm.leRetLeu.oW.mnSV..;;ISh.cHLyiAdeaenprpnotpleiec,lfraiiecM,rdbDP.oLT.unI,bo.s;.xelidisHMchsoa.ealnroAcssFg,deyanvIrn,aolacnfK.ncPde.Ls,etHri1no.9Nl8Me.u4;o.mHdTeoHhrlnedysdawErconoucrvtatiehrrob,tnooCmxn.isEce.on.;PltoarMglinyaTccoeoGtfxorisnceeo:glleoocrgt,yeJ,d.A;
: 1930. ATMeFacAchEnMwicReanLl,-RTJe.RDpo-.;8r4tV:-0e10m918.o4tN., MAEi.RrHIF.-8o14r9-c84e42..ATAeorDoxi-scApa1Hc4ae7z-aM8r5de7ds,iRcaelseRaersceharUchnitLaAbnonruataolry.
* 1935. B17E4R-2I.CHTE 1982. Effects of n-hexane in man and animals. Research Report
1936. RAMeAapcMoErRwt:Len1-T,98JR5.D-.8.H5;-aV0r5re8yr.nGAot.D,A-EAr.mH16s.t1r15o95n88g5..ATeorxoiscpaHcaezaMrdesdiRcaelseRaersceharUchnitLAabnonruaatolry.
1937. LHiabzraarrdyooufs MSuebdsitcainnecse MDaEtDa LBAasReS(HsySstDemB). 1986. Available through the National
1938. NfDoaHrtiEaoWnraelc(oNImnIsmOtietSunHtde)edfPoursbtaOlinccdacatuirpodna..t.iNoocnoca.ulp7Sa7t-ai1fo5ent1ya.laenxdpoHsuearlethto(NalIkOaSnHes)(C1957-7C.8C).riteria
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-45
1939. sCPNtuuaabrdtcilioieicnnsaoatogliofeTnnxoeyNxslieioscn.oeTl(soeNgc(IyhmHniPix)creao8dlg7)r-R2ainme5p8F3o(.3rNt4T4SP/Ne)rire1as9t8sN6.aunmTdobxeBirc6oC3l23o7Fg,y1NamTnidPce-cT.aRNrc-Ti3nP2o7g.eDneHsiHs S
1986. JCuonuenc1i9l 7o5f (E7u5r/4o3p9e/aEnECC-oOmJm1u9n4i,tie2s5DJuirleyct1i9v7e5)o.n Disposal of Waste Oils. 16
1987. FhyeddreoracalrRboengisftrearcti1o9n8;7.fiEnathl ytletsotlusteannedsa, rtdrsimaentdhyrlebpeonrzteinngesraenqduirtehme eCn9ts.ar5o2m:2a5t2ic2.
1988. C9 aromatic hydrocarbon fraction. 40CFR799.2175
2012. WU.Sas.hEinngvtiorno,nmDCen:taUl.SP.roEtnecvtirioonnmAegnetnaclyPr1o9t8e6c.tiQonuaAlitgyenCcryi.teEriPaAfo4r4W0/5a-t8e6r.-001.
2212. MKSueebtdtme.riRtinteegsd.LtPoaubbtohlr.eaNtAoorm.ye31r0i9-c83a32n.84TP7he.teroclaerucminoIgnesntiitcuittye.oAfPnIewPraonjedctusNeod. lPubSr-3ic6a.nAtsP. I
2213. mCoissttsa.,ADm.L. .,InAdm. Hduyrg,. MAs.Osn.. 1J9. 7490.:6R7e3s-p6i7r9a.tory response of guinea pigs to oil
2214. cERoleamsr.psPoBsuiibotelr.emNseooat.roc2rh7o-L3il2a.1bS3ou1rb.amtoirtiteesd, Itnoc.th1e98A0m. eArcicuatne tPoextircoitlyeutmestIsn. sAtiPtuIte#.7A8-P1I. MNeewd.
2215. iLinnuh2sah2lba1ta3iuoagnnhdo, fC2o.2Ci2l.8;f)oGgrseoenn, eJx.Wpe.r;imReendteaml aannnim, aCls.E. .A1rc9h5.0.InEdf.feHctysg.of1:p2r3o7l.o(nAgsedcited
2216. TEyorredso,irA, RW.;.FM. 1o9ly8n3.euHxe,aMlth.Ka.Bsp.;ecPtesarosfolnu,bJri.Wca.n;tsS.aPnBde8r3s-o1n6,86J7.T4..; Simpson, B.J.;
2217. sIHtnuasdtziietelustt:oen.NPeLwraobjooeicrltactNoormoi.eps5o9Asi6tm-e1.e0rF5ici,1na0an6l,,r1Ien0pc7.o.r1At9.P7S9Iu.MbImnedivt.tievRdoetaso.ndRtheienp.AvNimtroeo.ri2mc7au-n0ta0Pg3ee2nt5ri.ocilteyum
2218. cPoamsqpuoinuin,dRs.;inMuonnuasrecdo,anSd. 1u9s8e3d. mDoettoecrtiooilns.oSfcim. uTtoatgael.niEc/ncvairrcoinn.og3e2n:5ic5-64.
2219. pTBeointxrgiochloaelmu. m,3:E4h.8;y3dT-r5ro6oc3sa.srebto, nRs..PA.; cWriatircsablawresvkiye,wDo.f1t9h7e9.litCeararctuinroe.geJn. icEnpvoitreonnt.iaPlaothfol.
69-46 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
2220. CSaafnficoetrti,InUsL.; MShounboik. ,1P0.:418996-530. 7P.r(oAmsoctiintegdaicntio2n21i9n) skin carcinogenesis. Nat.
. 2221. uGnrdaf,BWak.t;eWrioilnotgeire, C15.21:298689.-2[933,4. -(BAesnzcpityerdenine 2in21p9e)troleum.] Archiv. fur Hygiene
2228. SWeolercldtedHePaelttrholOeurmganPizraotdiuoncts(.WGHenOe)v.a:19W82o.rEldnvHireoanltmheOntraglanHiezaalttiohnC. riteria 20.
/.. 2229. VbrOPieesofnkrflwizucoamae[skbseo,e]OfsJIsV.Wum;.oBearbnytaeetrnnrntfzehoRo,re[enMabge]ue.p.;nlyWazCrtoeiaoo[nsoanehn]s,pisnya,agrcnSteeod.nn;neaS,GptaDaohnny.tCdhderay.:o,rletdEMhnsne.e.;r,vPibHrpBeooa8nnlr5yzmr-c[i2saye,2c]na2lJtin5.ac8tl1ha69Prr.8aor2ocm.etaenActeitn,ciohenxypdAorgoseucnarrcebyo,annsd:
2234. Baldwin, R.W.; Cunningham, GJ.; Pratt, O. 1961. Studies on the carcinogenic action of motor engine oil additives. Br. J. Cancer 15:123-126. (As cited in 1821) ..
2235. eBnagldinweino,ilRa.Wdd.;itCivuensn. iBngr.haJm. C, aGnJce.;r P1r8a:t5t0, 3D-5.0179. 6(4A. sCcairtecdinoinge1n8ic21a)c. tion of motor
2237. ,
QuEGsnrueivadminrmeotinnfeig.rc,iaHntGeieoa.;onltiDlhoebf5tytt0bh:t9aeo5mpc-i1ac,a0rGcl0i..na;p(oBAgpresluincnciaci,ttieHoedfn.f;eioncDnte1touo8ft2st1phc)hoel-yWsckyiencnlizocefla,mrRoimc.;ea.MtiIcnistfh.eylAddrr,coJhc.a. r1Ob9o8ccn2u.spi.n
2315. '' .
VraBPinyrsodkorlunteapemcs,ytseriMeoesHnns.,emI..ACeEAgnoePotnnntAfchsoy,rrR,aSbceO.;eepfnnoGfezirc,ootey[aaNeco]roepf,n.yWMar4pe4.a;nh0tete/H4hra-ae8nRrn5rdee-i,s0go,2uftlJ0lhua..;eotrWirPoaepnnarosstwlhhyaaeicnnknydg,ect,lJoSi.cnftla,1uan9orDd8or.a1meCr.nd.aA:est,inEcPpnBhehvxye8ipnrd5ooar-2nosnu2cmta2hrere5rbn7eotan8ann.elsd:
2317. pHeetwroslteounme, iRnd.Kus.tr1y9.85R.eEgunlvaitr.oTnmoxeincotal.l Phheaalrtmhaacsopl.ec5t:s28o4f-2a9d3d.itives for the
. 3016. AQluaaslkitayWStaatnedrarQdusa, lliatystSatmanednadredds 117978/78.7.AAlalsakskaaA, dTmitlienis1t8r,atCivheapCteorde7,0.Water
3135. WCoamtemr oQnuwaelaitlythStoafnVdairrgdisn,ia11S/1ta/8t8e. Water Control Board Regulations 1988.
3141. MaNCnoIHdOrnTSTwAHeec-,lh8l,D7n-Rie0cp.a3;al9rS-At1tmas8rs3eki7sn,ttaGOno.lcfde1H9BP8eer7ano.lgthHCraoemaaanll,dthCDHoihvmuaismzpiaoaarnnndyo,SefveBarRevluneicsateoptsinio,r,naMtIolrolriernypgooaDirsnt.itsoMNewaoisnn.e,inWSgtuVHdAaiez.sa,rd
MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL
69-47
3177. SDuopllp,l.K1.:4119-8454. C(IrnanGkecramseanoilEnpgoliissohnianbgstirnaccta).ttle. Case report Tierarztl. Prax.
3190. oDiulstcfhroemr, Jd.iSe.s;eUl a, nAdPs.p;arMkcCigenUitaionn, Ra.uOto.m1o9b86il.esM. Eutnavgiernoinc.itRy eosf. u40se:1d55cr-1a6n3k.case
3220. 8F/l3o0r/i8d8a. Water Quality Standards 1988. Florida Water Quality Standards 17.-3,
3292. tmHeraoalflftamorgdaenne,gicDgistJy. ,A;orfAc4lhb2.erEhsen,rvbPiri.cHoind..e1sC9, 8oi4nn.tsaeEicnvt.iacTliudoaextsii,oconaln.od1fp3p:e1ot5rteo-2nle7tu.iaml ecmonbtraymotionxaincittsytaond
3293. 6eH3fof:e2fcf3mt0s-a2on4f,1wD. aJs.t;eEcarsatnink,caWse.CoJilr.o;nGbaiyr,dMs'.eLg.gs1.9T82o.xiEcmolb. rAypotpolx. iPchaanrdmabcioocl.hemical
3337. 9Jtra:5ira6vr1hy-ol5pl6mh6o,.sBp.h;aJteohaanndsspoonl,ynBe.;urLoapvaetnhiyu:s,ABc.;asTeorreelpl,orGt.. A1m98.6.J.EIxnpdo.sMureed.to
3425. gMMauasontalaignbeeen,iscYta.1t;i-onKniitsnrooapunycdhreii,nneTu.;isneWdwacakrsiatsenawkkacaat,esrKe .forTiol.amhEaonrival-i,rwoIa.n;t.eOrMhsnueitpsaahgrie,antY.in.6g:16t96a89n4-k.6s81o.f
3432. QMuaaslsiatychSutsaentdtsarWdsa,te1r2/Q31u/a8l3i.tyMSatsasnadcahrudsset1ts98331.4MCaMssaRch4u.0se0t.ts Surface Water
3501. N1/e9w/89Y. ork Public Drinking Water Standards 1989. Code Revision, effective
3539. Oruclceu. pFaetdio. nRaelgSisatf.et5y4:a2n3d32H. ealth Administration 1989. Air contaminants: final
3560. wPeaittesrc.hFerr,esGe.nWiu.s'1Z98.7A. nDael.teCcthieomn.a3n2d7(idl)e:n5t6i-f5ic7a.tion of oil traces in surface
3587. RWeagtuelratQiounaliNtyo.S2tanasdaarmdsenfdoredS.urface Waters of the State of Arkansas 1988.
3672. QSouuatlhityDSatkaontdaarWdsa,te2r/89Q.uCalhitayptSetran7d4a:0rd4:s021.989. South Dakota Surface Water
3683. dSotactuemWenattaetrioPnr.oDgreacmems bTeerle1p9h8o8nethSrouurvgehyF1e9b8r9u.arPyer1s9o8n9a.l communication and
69-48 MINERAL BASE CRANKCASE OIL 3719. SN11ue7rb.fraacsekaWWateartesroQf uthaelitSytaSttea,ndreavrdissed19e8f8fe.cNtievbera8s/2k9a/8W8.aNteerbrQauskalaityStSattaen, dTairtdles for
3763. 5fUo1.r:S2.e0xE4i2snt9vi,nirgaonnadmnd1en9n8tea8wl, P5s3ro:ou4tr0ec5cet6si2o.onf4A0pgoCellnFucRtiyo4n01:3986A65.ptGpoexennicdeirpxaolBllp.urtaentrtesa. tFmeedn.tRreeggiuslta.ti1o9n8s6, >.3852. WWyyoommiinngg WGraotuenrdQwuaatelirtsy, R12u/l8e4s. aCnhdapRteegruVlaItIiIo.ns 1984. Quality Standards for cf, 3853. Wyoming Water Quality Rules and R' egulations 1984. Quality Standards for
Wyoming Surface Waters, Chapter L
COMPLEX MIXTURES ofttteohhhxfreeepesetaenirhnraiitlmmstieueTrealrraenhteescctisrstahoiiloawafcnlpfhsetistahlnelcp-eodradtsfinemenratfgvahisndateeerrcerydelaaoiplacssaogtlecirrwlvctytoheoeiutardahpidtsniigainonpsrgfocetusocdhtlsomoiteieimbmnptflphetolaes.olet,xleuoolrIwnymortdiuiunsstxthhtgteiwouelicuroazhselsfedtadoasmprybntaaonedengdrt/dheosnif.reoicpsetiocdreslno,dabdas,tsasihthbieonoolyfenwfcosceae.rovrsmmeesTarup,rrhleoyatefuthslibenaenuctdgttfseat.idhfncoetgloTilrnrochesowdemmsiceafapnotnnhortysmseiinotaaoiffdtoluudnttuehelsidnoene,cfdee wcdpthlereaapolstlpseneiaonrsdfftioiTwnecrsghiomtmehaoacnpttgcyioeoopfuonroigncdrarwdimnlasagpucswhloataiamotcvsiopatlgnihooli.canevabeeitnlnMnieo.t.tsanennsaPydnohedoyfdfspaiuctprhasopleed/r.scuoehxceFtimmmuuiriaxsctttehaeu.lerrcepmosrImoonaprpreseeoo,rsmtbitithleieeosenncdofaoefostrdefemsnt,tuhotwleahmetemirrooeeindxfisnotfuyorvretaet,rhsaytevhaiawrreielipatrhbhaplnyresosgeiveaociarsdfloeovndraratiihsfeed esencvtiiroonnsmInoennatdthdaeintidopnraintbcoirpiteahfleocvdoeamrtavpioefnowrenotthfsetahmnediirxmttuoarxjeiocriittysae.dlfd,ittihveescohfapthteer mthixattufroel,lotwhesiralfsaotecoinnttahines
i/t.w
SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
CHCSOEITMMIOIPCONAL
AOAlrriogpmahnaaittciicceshhtyeydrdrsrooccaarrbboonnss
70-1 PPohloysgplyhcaottes esters
REACTIVITY
esscoatfSmyluexorgyapalgbpnenmetiansslccteotinmhtartdasseiiel.inacealdtoyrblcinscpeelRhiedsenfcy(eroc5rgdtaomroay0arxcmnp5soitcisediik,copccosaecma5eansarll0itpbllsniy7aowebao,nrntlrieoeitee5vbhhioa1slowiyusucl1leiditsvbt)txpiyr.heosprcotniolacphmsoslmneteasrarcwaisborvoestiinusxe,itlf.ygshiifdtmciiceroaobHaosetxxl,,tinyeiioedddsoarnoiiirrnizszarotedpilscnrsuftoasgtlrrar,ofmopbmxmnabaooingmcylisnendesnaooersbxdr.remaaislsrdeaulSeiyolzatuficbcniihnedgsa, n
CPHHDEYAMSTIICCAOAL
DFCPOOFB(lhrooevddaeynilaoosloesrshirrrinzii:ct:eegTayPs/l:MohDPDwirSnoeeeie0ttiptlsapn.ht:h8eteten8o:Pnp:9ldodadg3siNr:s/n.Lmt0toiooic:qLnnttunuoolpaNiu(udea3rdsos,rt3eaetb2oti2daln.i5e0aleyntnCCadt())at 20C)
VLBHFASSSSVP(auoolioieuaaaosatilrngtptuldcmcrforooa.bot2A(yimisrcnigOt0C'ildeistnic4aoPtcyos.biynTotL:nrtCaliFreeeeaoinC)psnan,w2nso.Lcosu.ilt0iWneiC-TroComWfernteofaoA::io.m:ettn)aiesf:rst:pfr53:et.2:.2.N:.r::N038NNo..oN0N0to3Noodo1oddtcoad54yaptdap.d.tnad07taaeae(aatrat/tatmacttoaimnm35e89n(CHa3tCt.g0)2C5C)
(1822)
((11882222)) (1822) (1822) (1822) ((11882222))
70-2 PINERSWTYSHAISSETTTEESEMRONICLE-
SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL HiMbmhmyiyooadmdddjroreeoorogrblycarilsaaltoieerdsslbsayaaotnmninmodd-enbocp.babhesiiOaorleensddtihiesaseogtmnerirdlnsasotdmaiaalirsnrtueeico(thvenehosx.etllpeeassretosisclitilpeza/gadnertrdiostoiougnsntlybedance-notwdlhsadi)tgauehemerrlyaotsyobyisbcteem.
PEAXTPHOOWSFUARYES
wTsgceepborxxrehahaiopplotenu/soeosgikrnsspgpruucdnhordarrwiiuarmsfeentieiascneadtpakeroa-aneyriiwntnslthsd.tadpg,ewtrareiewiatnsnrshyagpkwatseeinefynascordstygirtiaoesopwlhmunloyfypaldwtpycitesroghliriotnleohtycchssscaueeeofrmrpolbnsbcopao.oadylnfinsRer-etbabsoduarmeamnwesooaeiinnttnndfhhfoaeotiottsmrioiyoeglpsnnxas.optnuhrIoeirtnecfcfatahtniaeccatndeladttioon
HHEAAZLATRHD DATA
wS1Hpsy2ireegn2oran3tfedh6su^easoatecbinhcsdpeeel,ruSrvdbsyepirmdziizrcpiaainntttoeiionmsangsns,,
of Short-term Human Exposure: oinlnielad.tuhivsaeirdagu,yavlaonmwdhitoiunngine,qhiuanalcelodoprvudapipinloarstiiizzoeend,
_bPLCINEAGaroPaTceRnreAPtgcngeCni-ronTaituoo---negmxrcemivNNNnc/iiNoootcEyietdddfoyDfaaanetttaacCaaatttlasea::sDsiNSfaiitconaa:gtdlieoaNntar:oepdoarttanotes findings in
PRHEACNADULTINIOGNS Pofroetyeectcivoentgalcotveesxists. Goggles or face shield if possibility
SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCRCITUEPRAITAIONAL STANDARDS AND
70-3
AIR EXPOSURE LIMITS: StaSOAnTdFSaEOHrLdSAsH(T15PW-EmALin()(8-8-5-hh0r0r TTpWpWmAA)):: PPeettrroolleeuumm ddiissttiillllaatteess ((nnaapphhtthhaa))--440000 ppppmm;
C riAeANNtNseCCIItrIaOOiOGGabSSlSIIiHHHHsHheIRSTCdDTELLLELVHL(1(51((-031(m8-05h---ihmrmnr)iiT:nnTW))W::PAeAPtN)r:)eoo:tlnrePoePuelmeeterutsromtdolaelibesudltumiiislmslhtaidetlddlei.assittsiet(lislnlalaa(tenptseahspt(hn(hnaat)ahp-pah1h)8t-h0tlhs00)a,-0m)30-5Ng00/ompnmp3emg/m3
WATER EXPOSURE LIMITS:
DrNinokniengesWtaabtleisrheSdtandards
EPNAonHeeaelstthabAlidshviesdories and Cancer Risk Levels
WNHoOinDforrinmkaintigonWaavtaeirlaGblue.ideline
EPA Ambient Water Quality Criteria
H- umpNaoonllucHtraietnaetrl,tihon(3e5st5a)blished; synthetic crankcase oil is not a priority
A- qupNaotoilclucLtraiitnfeetr.i(o3n55e)stablished; synthetic crankcase oil is not a priority FfOrooilrmadntodhmeGetsrateiscateswseaatn2e0dr1s2ou1dpoprlsy:thaVtiretmuaalnlyatfereferofmrompetorilolaenudmgprreoadseu,ctpsa.rticularly
70-4 SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCRCITUEPRAITAIONAL STANDARDS AND
For aquatic life: - cdToeonmtpoinrnoustoterucasttesSdeovwheirga9hl6-sihmuospucoerrptLtaiCbnitMliftsryhesothouwldoaitlbsereanarendddupmceteardoricanheehmuspnicedacrileesd,s,-tfheoealdc.lhowheasvting a - elefvfeeclstsotfootilhseobriopteatrsohcohuelmdicnaolts bine tahlleowseeddi;ment which cause deleterious - vsuergfeatcaeblweaatenrds asnhiamllabl eorviigritnuaalslywferleleafsropmetrfololeautimng-dneroinv-epdetoriol.leum oils of REFERENCE DOSES: No reference dose available.
REGULATORY STATUS (as of 01-MAR-89)
P romFeudlpCOnL(eg3oerilai5mewliatn1aelait)ndtan.PansdtrWRodioEougeganfregrrftscxaeuleeuiamrlvsaestacsenitArnaityoctganetrldgissemeoo(prudiCteireaenWcsstideigosAiunn,nn)agsadtneefooddrnretchotfohfienlleuvgaeetennynndptteieorsgatnroalaefnalpdisnrapeedrotdeulrlxsseutiastraattynmndi(tne3sng7atuu6lnim3rdd)eoe.gelsriutnletaahstll.ieotnChseWfoAr TrPimttMnrheeouitpeatmexsrrnritrooecvuetldtafefheSaulouyssuccrtmltbtmb(ui1isvertit9Ineneanf8rzgnoes7secrtfn)oief.ateefnsunscecdtCtuers(.ruo1ponad9rtnI8teoonrd8cxotpe)iel.oscersintAitormcTyorco,estlgesrmuetoei(npmfunTiotgct.SarhigttCwesyeIAit.nlmCli)cc,uTobitsnaehytrse,oicbsdmoCtensea,vsdtouefiurcflbcoametphcettmyidhitdotyeenrblnodtyotciasalatulrhtoebteb6noot-xenAamsiicmnofiarteneynadrt,cdhitcfiaornonm
SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
70-5
cnhttMOheoaorcnearnaeytrm-ataibonnclmiegaeosiendasnnPcuasdbrcmnyoueitmptsmsepi.ncophutngryliPaoossoettihncirrfivaambeRltki,eitnetiecnsodtheahweatpaehmnrptxcelcihsoicecumrapacalnatshnurotdwsirscnphhaeSbeeeraicmneeontnlecieotvcdtxhguiaereilaccmoyraacnirploaemctsnrpieensfrAntrooiptocgtcrumteeoeensrsnsste(e,thManssremtePsianeaurRrsteaatrShptegnAriegeaod)uncnlslysee-atatoroierox(nni3cds0e9air)nfe.dd EaOnmcc8pu-lphoaoytueieronteaixmlpeSo-aswufeertieyghtaotneddpeHatrveoealrelatuhgmeA(dcTitsWti(lAlOa)tSeoHsfA(4n)0a0phptphma) (s3h5a3ll9)n.ot exceed TlHaashbaezhealaiDrzndaegorpduaaosnrudtMmstaemrtnaeantrtseioaprfloisarTltTsraartwianohnsnipscpoh(or3rt0aat5rat)eito.ionsnubhAjaesccttdet(soHigrMneaqTtueAidr)epmeetnrotsleufomr pdaisctkilalgaitnesg, StatsAAsmNetpalLPoelWtrcDLeseiatfWairStsceettTRegrrnsiAusnuPlThgamr(eatEsoienvegoSrteerniacscaWm,rcdiesrtaoeiitpttreehitrareei:draE.xbEpyPTonAhsuaerrsAreeamstsibLtvaieietmenrsitetsfhWeasrevaecetntecirpoernQoo)muraaubslliygttyahrteeCeildrirsitptaienrdrogidamitthuiaolenngdaatleodr AAh15ylLadAfsrikogSacfKaLhrAbafosornastowitnaatlferhreysqdhuraoalcniatdyrbmcoranitrseinraienodnsu1fro0farcfitegh/ewLaptfreoorrstetc(o3ttia0o"l1n6a)or.ofmaaqtuicatic life of AAorrRk1Ka5nAsmNasgS/LAreSqmuairxeims uthmatwohilenanddiscghraeargseingshatoll snuortfaecxeceweadter1s0 (m35g8/L7).average wwFFlLaaottOreeirrdRssaI((Dn3re2Aaq2vu0igi)ra.etsionth,aitndoiulstarniadl gurseea)seanndot5 emxcge/Ledfo1r0amllgo/Ltheinr sCulrafsascVe woMMialaAtseaSsrnaSsdcAh(g3Cur4sHe3ea2tUst)esS. EoreTfqTpueSirtreoslethuamt tohrigimnaxniomtuemxcedeisdch1a5rgmegc/oLncinensturraftaiocen of wNNaeEbtBerrRassAk(a3S7Kr1eA9q).uires that petroleum oils not exceed 10 mg/L in surface kNNeEerwWosYenYoerOkiRnhKdasrinsektinag mwaaxteimr u(m350c1o)n.taminant level of 50 figfL for
70-6 SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
SpSeoOturUtohTleHDumaDkoAptrKaodOhuaTcstAsainwastuerrfaqcuealwitaytesrtasn(d3a6r7d2)o.f 10 mg/L for all VVhyiIrdRgriGonciIaaNrbIhAoanssainwagtreorunquda-wlitaytesrta(n3d1a3r5d).of 1 mg/L for petroleum g3WWar8no5ydYu2oOn)mC.dMlia-nwsIgsNahtIGeIarsainasdwreHaqtIuerigrreqoduuantlodit-ybwesattavenirrdst.uaardlIlnyoaffrde1de0itiomofng,o/LiCl lfaaonsrsdsIgurrdefoaamcseeesw(t3iac8t5er3s, P roFpeodsNeedroalRfePedgreuorglaarltaimroensgsulations are pending. StatNeoWstaatteer rPergouglraatmiosns are pending. wMMpCrhhoOoeaspnSntogTssteithnsaSegtTyaersAcbehTaeaprcEneroSgomiejnesectttfhoeindetahplf.eorirorCc1ero9sens8gt9uao-lcf9at0triwoe(vni3tis6hsi8wn3tghh).ietchhsetiawrtielwl aoftfoeflirlcoepwrroiEsgPraaAdmv'ssisecadhn.adnges
EECoceAiDtcDtnhhDoanrpiitemrgevrriopcrsaeeiprgeireccnngoorcottorosonitpuvhouidgumrvneuabeiniesdannlesdcsoosttndihgeanct-oai,enwnrmrnaGcmagnetsetercsudhueaootresbiusammnuhsng(atroapiiedoqen.ilonell-sue)W.guir,abcdrnoatevoaeidlfociutearsetoomnaeriradtpnklegsen-veedarw(drniaa5nrcannt3oosobtodeu8npelygacr)bmhehetsmonisy(etossiiadnen.acpenmrtrh.,ocp,ytbocehsrwreasutrororooibpwtbuushecophstgrooanirhtuuccnesihoentvcgsmiteesrprmnsoipienpteuaowrsryncui.oohnodnrhfidlcodaiivohbrrstirmi,ieaotpcesntodtushsu.bdtsechiseshorsacoishqlu)augraohgtfiec wsDPlpaureaikrorttefreedasocru,clstceei(veui2noem)hfsoaiumtnprhcmrpehoFafduiwrqsutlhauceitaatnefsnfrgdetmeicoWtttirueesscasftttionaetrnhrbmofaliQtetshcubt"o.haehaelytiypitd:nyrrgeossc((ea15onr)3bnt6foo)mntrh"mestaablamsetdveoisnstiioobdflefawisnfhaidltmeacrny-odpcn,oriu(nt3rhisd)ees and
SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
70-7
TpDtthhrhieeoreydescumhmtceiavaelnlyefadisonahvnotiotswritbbyhhleeiescphpQfeirlcuhemiasafelisicontayhnttaiiRortnhmneessqfhuusfelioulrrlreefffidapfsehceocettrfwsooSalfoethenuterhmlletfihinswhehysasudthWecrerholaclatfaqeinrsurhbdsao./nontr(si5tai3sep7sd)eecapisfoytsoitthaotn ccwdabDOaoniehisrradrcigcsdce/haitohcinaasnrtoclrioivhggoswheseaedauanrolootegsorenfegreodoestmrthnfhiwisensehs,suitsuteoobiDhmorssoinitgsuanuacanbltnshantscnaaoptfeadonrprsgnodihosedcwaourershorsddapfifsecuahi.rnhDctaihetvtaoAhoeenwsradgg,ivaszreyetfpaorersetuoortaitensomurm,nddos-telaweeSfloqrreuuafortumbteimaeztrsotretiihr.roacmioyuna-deecslnmreewoesvmbcfiafreaiteo(rsre5csnbrti3csmooo5nonou)esnrnn,attptisrnhpiteeclesiaretnnsanastotloet wcqcsAaaDuoonnuanicmmddarsyhent/ppoecptiwo.oritnhtiuuyavsednnt,senaitddsonelopsls,laa;nottc(asuilwonoeeTrmasndieotd,,hxpooiepofccfcsuhocattyanmaerhsnbdrcipedticslanio;asmiuolDhnognemaraedttgnnhneosadgn;oxinceidtccc,irsecyhoo-faaeuahfrnnmesnadicuddliWtocnesdagssd)aalie;etnsnsecrethgshtetcaeashaorulkrleomsiarnue(kscp5dgset4oeaewwu2rfnpoi)nahdsrdtsaiictsadceh;rrsisseocppcamihonnorrraosdcoditdlniumcuogdorceipfienogostigf,lnhysehpcuoyohcfclehdlniscols cpStDPlta(ahhslceueaiobeectrtbsleryorevssloCorciietfalndlatnleieriaegnauvtuedsnscemsm)recci.eafseooigsancnau(wnans7fltdliitda8aidthoth7meicecn)oroomtneCaahPdsallel.aabtctpslapakesBrrrriaefoesgpdidccuciaiiaenabssrduttgtsaiiiutslotlalaelrinaaonne.ttonscdeesePfssosLatau(wchaeantkiexnbldtiacdhenvgllteuaiihfannddrleraggiiieansirnhboagsllnfueatpdthbbDhocjeeoiaLoenlscnmiDatnetgsbgiperteuboorelssisoechenilptudtaogiiasvlowlceaonPksbf2aRreom1egDefpidaolnCaaoontgrttongiaahrnaeertenigrerfoidounntueossls) scoDEacnaooivosilflmor.ttleaeiedpbbcccateteloiiibtsvnleplhlegenerm,cteortsediniaesoniuknsntDptsthooiacoissfnnoprinwdilotlageysamdactoietlmosrirpnuou,ongrfsasettiasWgarblengoeandorrse/fetroreaserwaotgteOaidiirlsnsiittsglpetesphrowoealosld(naiui1lnsst9at5igeo8ns0no6doo.)pfitalpAhswdm.aeatpPqsietCtunerhaBmertosreeiietllgaysefnwnrsmdoiuelumlrpPsaebtCtrteevhTcdiaenssreowrmdyausfotsouetrt EPh(E1yrEE7doC9Cpr3oo)cDhsaaairlrsbefopcontrrisov,apeolsuCsbe-odruPicnrtachonipalttosDstaeihdnreedcdthuivymedrpoainnuglitchoefflucDirduusmdaeptionsielg,aopbfeetWropalresouthemibaitteSde.a
70-8 SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
70.1 MAJOR USES AND COMPOSITION 70.1.1 Major Uses bcorpafiatnoereirdaormrassseceimpnseqsrpqirktaSbuueuaoafcyiraltniudlaanapticutsttehttmoeyeeuchydmsereedwooesetnroirftihslatoctvshiciu,ictvetoccmhlhhaepierncaatra.etstmetianemenatcmkcaSxgantrcktytiairredanhnenkieaslsgetemyeetihnestsoeoebsoshatpisttieeilmhr.slcescmsuee.naevmmbSaueaarSrfuesrlteseenacoateeqhrlmtmumutsacoh,seeciuooieretslnussdeisysevtsdmoyseeoitarnasteofriticfnnoehniehetancneresoxmltscutmiinaicecrodnfueseuoredsbsmccermirlahjteaieeyewsonalmtexlysrheiptaanaisohrceptsnaiiehneolapcdpsarstnalpciailycavcsltldoyialiuemceosem,traogqniiifontarmnuainpcenofeciearpesrdrnerecoamsswcativl.mlhise(iiahotdea2nilienSdin1eetlreya)se.re,rcntimrhaxaatactliahncnhnrnteegnoaeedltefirorililtsecaetsionnsleeofictnxsbaafsgopffyranaeiipeonsrnreesebteuerhsedase,ettiditncog 70.1.2 Composition sfCtoyohrnm5ath0pSu%etyletanir)ctte6hidbn9ea,twsiscTyeitnaohctbirhllaaseedntaidk6cri9ceta-bi3vscleee)o.snmodtiOpslosoc(isca1mean8dspd2ir1ooocn)f.voaemgllTryppeaoeaabrstfliemetorisroimntn7hea0aarl-nna1cilne5aof0noij%ludrmsitt7ssa0yaet-snil2oftnmhsp.eeirrntoivecverisafdllueabisdaasts.hleiesTtohaioledsfydpaictroiavesnes(ibbs(euleeep w6aard9iel-dl3iut)bIinnvecdeagisonmeuunpbbseoteererdadtulal,siynnettdhasddeywednstiitteathhirmvemetseisyicnnawictdnhirdtgaehitntfiikwacvccehotasoiisclrueshssoeaslidniolmdlviiisntewinnpimltgrloicnhtvhheiaadrevraieeraldcsbutiieasmnresi.ieTslataoirAcbislelsefloif(sef7stc0iebnt-esa3g.s.CeoHhfoaosiplowtmaeenrvede6ro9s,f,otltThuhebaerbileliety
70.2 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS 70.2.1 Transport in Soil/Ground-water Systems
Most synthetic crankcase oils (except those like the water soluble polyoxyalkylene ggdwMlriaysootpcuseootnrlssdlati-lakaw)benallmdyete,,ipgrabhhtuetontlsbevptaeihhrseatoctanwhermirigteiehehsndtetmv.rsissolo)cBdoweauslrrilytakeytteeqhaxurntpooadeuncsgtlmtiohtewiadetlshlwteoosapftubielntrelhss,aeshottiuohglurihelbalytio(lefiirditlmyowmzmwoonuooabuledilsdltpeorilemilmnthiotaertiighnaitemoteepsnpotrtoirholf/aipsietnhreefedfecint.
COMPOSITIONALOAFNCDOSMTMROUNCTSUYRTNAATLHBLEINETFI7CO0-RC1MRAANTKIOCNASAENDOILCSHARACTERISTICS
;CASE OIL
Chemical Name/Class
1. a , It Synth etic Hydrocarbons O lefin oligom ers (poly -alph a-ole f i n s)
A lkylated arom atics
Polybucenes ( poly Isobutyl en es)
S I n i c t u r e / C oinp o s i t i o n
ICM, CM
C l l 3-- (C1I2 ) 7
(oligom er o f 1-decone)
T ypically reaction products C j^ -C ^ a lk y l groups and benzene/toluene/xy lencs/ ethylbenzenes, ( i . e ., d i a l k y 1a t ed b e n z e n e s ) . '
of
-CI1-- C
'I
Cl I,,
'
('ll CM .
( p o 1y i s o b u l y 1e n e )
( t y p i c a 11 y C ?Q : C ^ )
Properties/C haracter Istic s
Resembles p a r a ffin ic m ineral o ils . Uses include syn th etic h y d r o c a r b o n f l u i d in SAE 5W-20 motor o i l , and m ilita r y a i r c r a f t flu id s.
Used In sy n th e tic autom otive engine o i ls ,
Decomposition tem peratures a r o u n d 2 0 8 " C. T h e l o w e r MW p o ly m e r s (C -C _) a r e use<1 a s l u b r i c a n t s u n t i e t h e h i g h e r MW m aterial!; are used as ad d itiv e v i s c o s it y index im provers. Used in many h igh te m p e r a tu r e a p p 1 Lea L i o n s .
70-9
70-10 SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
TABLE 70-1 (Cont.)
_____ C h e m i c a l N a m e / C l a s s Synthetic Hydrocarbons:3 ' C ycloaliphatics
_______ SI i tic. L u r c / C o m p o s i t i o n cont inued
g
2. Organic E ste rs
includes: monoesters (monobasic acid esters or polyol esters) d ie ste rs triester p o 1y e s t e r s
O0
II II n o - c - 4 - c ill -)-n---- c-ou (a d i e s t e r is most common, ' based on a dib asic acid) (n is commonly 8-10)
P roperties/C h aracteristics
Used commonly a s h y d r a u lic flu id s.
MW t y p i c a l l y 2 0 0 - 6 0 0 ; c a n b e ap p roxim ately 1000 fo r complex e s t e r s . Vapor p ressu re a p p r o x i m a t e l y 0 . 3 - 4 . 0 nun Hg a t 2 0 5 ' C.
Uses include autom otive engine o i l s (o c c a sio n a lly blended 50/50 w ith m in eral o i l s ) , and j e t and a ir c r a ft engines.
Organic esters are the most common synthetic lubricants used.
Chemical Name/Class
c
Organic Esters - continued
TABLE 70-1 (Cont.)
Strue ture/Comnos it ion
CDiesters are derived from ^ -
Cjq acids (i.e., adipic, azelaic, scbacic) and C. -
3 5 5 -alcohols (i.e.. 2-ethylhexyl, , , trimethylhexyl, ^sodocyl, and tridccyl alcohols)
CII_--
0--
0II
C--
R
lie
--
12
C--
Cll
1
2CIL-- 0 -- IC0I -- R
Properties/Character is tics
Used widely by the military in aircraft applications,
(a neopcnLyl polyol e ste r based on neopcnLyl g l y c o l )
Chemical Hame/Glass
3. Polvoxvalkylene Glycols (polyglycols)
TABLE 70-1 (Corn.)
S tru e tu rc /Compos i t Ion
RO Cll2-- CM-- O R"
_ R' . n
Exa mples of some possible R groups:
R R_!_ |1
1. M
2. M
3. n.
CtJiIyq
c/,"9
MM Clb M CM3 11 cti3
C 2H 5
l . polyethylene glycol 2. polypropylene glycol 3. a monocthcr 4 . a dlcthcr
Propertles/Charaeteris tics
Can bo formulated to be water soluble or water Insoluble; the more polyethylene In character, the better the water solubility MU typically 400-3000.
Densities approximately 0.95 1.2 g/mL
Vapor pressures of some polyglycols arc reported to be less than 0.01 mm Mg at 20*C. Most common uses include hydraulic brake fluldj; and aircraft engine oils.
70-12 SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
\
CASE OIL
Chemical Name/Class A . Phosphate estersc
TABLE 70-1 (Coni.)
Structure/Com posltion
0II
R'O--- P-- OR"
I
OR
R can be II or organic groups.
At least 1 R must be an organic
group.
,.
3 classes: ttialkylphosphatcs,
trlaryl phosphates, alkyl-aryl
phosphates. 1.e .:
Properties/Charactcrlstlcs
Excellent fire reslstance. MU typically 200-600. Densities approximately 0.9-1.5 g/mL. Bolling points for trlalkylphosphates approximately 190-300'C. Used In extreme temperature applications.
Used widely In military aircraft as hydraullg fluids and engine lubricants.
(a tr ia r y l phosphate)
O x y g o n ( s ) may b e r e p l a c e d by su lfu r to give thlopliosphatcs .
70-13
TABLE 70-1 (Coni.)
Chemical Narae/Glass_______________ St rue ture/Compos it Ion
5. Others
Silicones Silicate esters Polyphenylethe rs Chlorofluorocarbons
k Reference 1821 Reference 21
C Reference 1822
70-14 SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OrL
Propertles/Characterlsties
These are not generally used as crankcase o il, although they nay be occasionally used as additives. They have very specialized uses. More commonly used as hydraulic flu id s .
SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL SOME SYTNATBHLEETI7C0-O2 IL BASES'
70-15
dddddd2tp2tOiissrr-iiiiii-eoobbbo(ii(erenmm32odtgctaaaht-h-ctaesssaeemeyytiyciinttetyccclIyIhhhier]hc-ltysyyaaay2ehealltcccal-Exoobhybiidihdydddllslrauyipebiltpicpdtterteeeuahysaoarorssstetltaltsottpty)eebee*eneaxalarrr)eyz(na///cmempssedalyioalotieniplettncytehaaohgyttblee]eyta-cilsec,oi3slc-thpebyarrldneordbnpoldacednanibredbdaosi(oinc~l
acid esters, triesters, and
15% diester) blend (~33% diester)
polyesters)
pPpppppooooooolllllllyyyyyyvgggpbeollltxruyyyhoytcccyypaooolllyllleek///lndmnweveienlabienetagngeesllergryyilcaccybGloocalllleoocynliicldd/oslieslsictfeaprtoelbyelgeslntvedcrolbsTlend
dtptpppPtttttrrrrerrihhhhhiiiiriioaxepc(eeoootr2ltrynn-hssskghb-elppyypeyeaysyuhllnhhtlynll--thpapyammaloytphytlththldpee--hel-ooihttithsootorsreeepEhopspiilssxfpyhpsihstthloypleehauthoa-plerrhtepoa)strehs/pnaertp-p/seochotdy'ho1ehsmloilappmlystoehhpgeertoalhthoyshteapycepsytolhthepleleahrsntbseieyllniel(cpynOolhd-nPolse-(snOp(pathrCpoialhbjytHtuemht4yoeSrlxCpy8hbeHlotehs1n7yp)dl3h/)ta/rmtiebinuetoraxlyeotihlobxlyeentdhy.l
. phosphates)
70-16 SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL TABLE 70-2 - (Cont.)
-
bdscSsttptheeeiiriiirellt-ttsleiioxr(irr(ccsc2p2aaaayaaa--e(((ylttete222tteeletrhte---hhieeeneeyiyEtttyssslehhhlottlshhesyeypytgerierlellrllxbbh/rixyodcysbuueycpia.Ixlottbly)ety)oylsaelpn/lxlits))Irdsyeiioictss)cslr)piiailcawlayitidacceclitaiaietasdehlnttikeeleoyeclsxhgtaloleoynrrrcetoohbflolleusnioldaircnsoadctaebrsbuootyrnlsmh,eemxthailynkleorxayl
oils, silicones, disiloxanes
polyglycols;
e.g.,
cptSmrhhiiellfeiotlcnhuroyyoonllrpm,eohsdpe*eitrnmhoyypellythplpmyoollelyytpshsioiyllloolyxxspaialonnolexyeasinloexane
sa2dpSyl,ioy3panln-hlytkdthaihysiecoelotyatbilictcecuelfodthiHyhnylbesvedxendry(nreoolozc-l2ecaea,nrf3ibren-bodoniomn/ldisegifbtohamysilecrbsau)ctiadneester blend ('"33% diester)
Others* ppoerlyflcuholorroohterpiftiaunoeroethylene btriisf(lpu-oprhoetrniocxhyloprhoeenthyla)neether
a) bcdefg))))))
tTRRRRRlRuhheeeeeebeiffffffrseeeeeeilrcrrrrrittaeeeeeeaennnnnnnbrtcccaccclseeeeeeet.ussssscr1To222e118n11188h2a,,,t222eas22s111i,,enp888s322o11c462s88hss,22pei96bme1cl8eii3cf4iafcllusbidmasabeyascoehrse.mmiacyalsnootrbcehetmypiiccaall cbluastseasll uwseerde inrepsyonrtthedethinic
SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
70-17
SOME CHEMICAL ADDITIVES TUASEBDLEIN70S-3YNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL8
Chemical/Class Name 2zqRpht2p22Op2ri-...,huyyhnj5i556xnSrdeeie-c---ianitnbdrdndhpoodyaioiah-lodnqddltitit-ntitrnheieuiiaohh---oreiilnntpiRoanlpteoa--ilzrohjbppbImiStnanunheu-bei-brhtetonnSyyiuisdeballpta-ypiyphtmRlhIob-a-ctr=ipethnrsenb-eyobzuslbeaootenmqlynzulizonioonqerquounipniehnoeonnneyel groups AtrnictriweseyalprhaonsdphEaxtetreme Pressure Additives zbzznhtuiiie-ennntnnxocccgzasysdddydtleliiiet-iocndesnyroti-glrssdbduaaueuilpnelcftftroiyyidhoddlleyddpeiltiiedhttnhhiityoiihoolpipphoshhucoooacsssrcpppbihnhhaaiamamtteteaeidtee zddbnRiiia-nuictrsoycsioutscbdylmoualithtntehydedtlixrionaaCkpopmeohnrtroiyoonrslpnoenpeseahniopaynhtletshIunychlecinibneiitmorisde esVphspptityooolyihidslllrcyyyycreoaomlionesnlsxkoneeieytby-teybblu-pcspauteotIcyrtylnlarlyolrdueydmpenellniyoaxeeeelstnrseseefsensVee(cPmtohcpeoeItoprmhloyyplmlyrmoaevnreesdrrssdimethyl polysiloxanes)
Typical Range Used 0-2.0% wt.
0-6% wt.c
0-2.0% wt.d 0-20% wt.'
70-18 SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL TABLE 70-3 (Cont.)
Chemical/Class Name
Typical Ranee Used
bDpooerltyaeitrseogdbenuattlsek/neDynilyslpsuesrcusccaicnniintcsimanidheysdrides
0-20% wt.'
' vpaoaailllxhnkkkaoyyyyzsllllopmmpalhichnoeeeetetnthnhaaaaotteccles-rrsdyyailalaananlttdkdeey--andlt,lh-ikfvmiyuoilnemptyphhalhpoyrsaeylapntrmehro-oalmilntiseadousleoeltfnihicedyealcsnomhpyeotdlhyrmaidceerrysclaotpeolcyompoelrysmers
a) b)
TcRlihtheeeifrmsearittecuaanrblcelseeasmcsoa2pny1ot,aosisr1ni8bsm2le3sap,yce1hnc8eio3fmit1ci,bcca1ehl8e3tamh2de,idcti1aty8lipv3aie4csd,a.dl1i8tai3dv5ed,sit1iuv8se3es6dbiunt carllanwkecraesereopilo.rtTedheisnethe
V dcef))))
RRRReeeeffffeeeerrrreeeennnncccceeeessss 22221111,,,,
1111888822224112,,,, 1111888822227552,,,
111888223362,,,
111888223575,,
1833 1836
; tahned phoigrhesoorfgatnhiec scoairlbnoenarcotnhteensutrsfoaicles,. aTndhislewssoulilkdelbyefomrosraendliyk,eplyorfoorusloswoilps.orosity 'dSsmoeoorpmrbeeeeTn,ddrcoaiolrnnengsslsspetosoisstnrtu,rteostnahunntesgsdclyepwpshouitylinlbbssidlceteiohqscestuhooeselnvodmteielisgcfmraa(atlotedhr(aeuaotsnfiqodbudneiibcsibksniooylgyllovctgehirndieacmnatchslio)pcenaopslrprtteiooetrrpduceeobrmnlitatoiotselirosneoggofircfgatahrptloheidauselecnytcd)iso,oonnwails.nastdittweTurmihesll,neatyvbsae.brye rafissrperoleraameltiasinovdtvehionueclsgvoesednaidtnce.ted)onobtfdrreaienstaciikotriuniabpsle,coaocfhnntdathanemdgieicfnsfoeantrtoseitonionttuii.laelnfTovthlsoliolsoawfteiilfntifhzgeaecsttipooiiinllsl,swcdaiinllillstesovdoalsru'uWytriowefaanictt,hheaewrntiidnamtgede"re.sagnrw(adThdhdeairtissieotatnfenirlcmamell mcshCyoa^asnvtHtseeeimAurdsi,ela.omrlhlsuaaoWtbslsiiiotshlantiitaelisldeeolosflnoiuniofmbniTtodlhpivaateuyetbarmlpeoeuaefw7nrr0ee0ta.-t8oa1hev)ryfmadwdoigrlifoao/sLubcsloaelledlrs(v,1sbe8foidtat3nhl9liacsc)noi,onennast1sotsltittimmhitatuoguaeuh/teLngeingd.ththsslttFythhihnoaeirrmtotshueamoxgellloaushebmsbuitilophlceiilhteleysc,slcoao(eoesfitnls.h/gsmgy.tfr,oilotnorCsuuatelnpancdhstos-tsnwhs1waatltioeteunurleed,nts
SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
7049
osChm(uKvaoilevgf*nruhe)srtt1aeitbh,su0tsee0ieotm0nleou,rtar0bsodt0ieaewl0ditrtoisyitmfnhroodosflifmocwmaw1its0alilunmg7cgtn/oheinlvtgeuesd/cLodruyletulo(asb1lrte8ibrsl4wioest0nieett)gihh]sg.aehswnotmT,ortpuhhohtleisidigstohcnam[oelarl.togrrobbo.e,iesmslpeoeao.ioicltvnsioecdsrciaconnh1ngae0t,ar,s0aioCn0cilji0tpnesHrgao,n^rod,aprntigsmidoa/ennoossirtctcimonwmniatoasrtuttoeatldgednret.ntsboeand
pshmhraooovdvweeiBdratyeahpdtpeceorirnnemactnroiCaabghbseiltali,etpoyotfwetimhranteo4ertrb9hisesloyiotnfsliuoetthsibhlei/ittlsioigtcrGieboosuuei,ilnsdemdex(-opewad,egnaec.dtrt,eearfditnre.soymrtsSoetfoeCelmmorlewa.ensscdsFeeoasesitlwa21s-o4od49nrap0ltiatsthiatoewnenddeprcihe1no4onfT9ssop6tau.ahbnnaldettse,7the0aas-ntt1de)rmsaciogauhrlted
swTbnovotimhhatieeeokhoerepri,ewcdepeohrlNetetrriypodattogcoharrhvhoatn,epileehfdtyschhqmeeeemeyuoni,imsslwimtcasaliaaicemtcenbioeoknnkvdrdrocteiihibeutioraatnlhei,mokfllmeleottyath(huispnh(ccaitoaCasyhaeptlirllelluG-artwamaoitpesltsuiilasfiridrocilosidetan1nuophde,lircernae)tTharctghsatlnaoaoakicrigebmislaoelseslc-ln)eowewcagodsuasai7a)tfevelsnht0aleecdpetwsn4rociiaoroa)vaorrcfnleultbopcoltisrloruotemhdeiwdlfodyatpotnshihtrantieiibecoenoravysoptngsoemtcmuyslthhvrbhoeoeemee(eenibamkhtsiishecssa.loixey.ucavihcdaltsiTa(eeoelrCavgsrohnpsooescliidarsrafvtbosyrehismptbesehaoeseosotadpnrfndttue2csiecgoeem-ynl4usiunev,atlrlgtaeoodtehTlnetsfieirgtaubothieifblianebotncelskrlev.se(lwihuowmr7aiobnoId0oomwtrn-eusi1tmnsoctlh)hdaueeotfnoniruntiotsklagmd.l
dctotahhocifsreincdcothsoouaT,aliigllnrhfohgaeewiedtdttadaahyslqaemauipsncseaaioigodtritenultsh/ri,igscefiarilocepokfrasohu.,nrcanmtchsdToela-ouhwomrmlefdianootdauaebaintribsveltsesidsotoryoylrysvsfbtooeefddlfimtvnihsoe.eoseniroltegloscmvai)oelnudnficrcksoootinicmortasngutra,eoibtnntouohitrncesen,ricctfmasonrtuuhabalctendouhdnrpbaoea(elfresc.sssigiootis.gult,apnrthoiicinfsuneiscsmgitabhnioglcerytrilroyaoiunnttednrhnatdehhnfr-uweaslpnvafocitocreertrdmif
crtthhoeoigmenlhseal,tVaoiintacwouhtlneaivlnneteaigatalpsris,zoatartnwhftdoiipeotrrhndesteosmhgosielrufaarnschdeuyoysarndtfbiisarnoetconilvectoo,u,awlreavmbnneIoatddEsnk-sit(fn0h,prg6aoritetmvmskotuhmtlmahethtaeHiHublicsglzery)anap.trn<iroyek1Hn'sscuoamelmwsaaemweesidvoeeHcirlrto,hg,nwatsghatotitaauvvtnel2odnt5tlhabmttCehiealaimyfzstolaaobrsttwpieeoirinnlmibldaeeilwodvcdiikadleoluurirskabaeetlesemiolsaytfaaynt vBlmooewalcajeaotrriuliswlzeoeasttsfehirremsstel,ooclwthuhaebenrilkirmtmeiemosl.afeoicnruilnsapgrilmwleaeditgecrhritaanl(kmwcooaurseeldloigiqleunoidver)earcllotyinmshteaitvupeeenrloitoswdewsroouvfoldwlaettieelnkitdsiesttooaynedars.
70-20 SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
70-22 Transformation Processes in Soil/Ground-water Systems mtCdhihofefasitpcpAuthoelnotfr,satp4ghsh9isevaeeostsnesftmattethhesetnimesetrevGsonaurtfhsiieeadtgnveyievviaoerbnnfoednembmnreaeelttfoenhewrtreiaealnalssurpcebeeinsjrbevsoc1iostt4lthv9eoe0nfdgceaseneanvnedfreodarr1alt4slha9yeen6nnd)tl.vhaciserpktoiecnocmufclrepaantenitrvkateclinasiesntenutdnoaidieltassutrai(se.s.eeTOhnulsy, 4 ebsuhosiynotiddled/rregeSosrrg,cyorbanuaaratnndbshddaioect-ntiwpiocsco)aonltnby.iesgdarlsiTdyteeiechonsocenvclrsrsiagr.inbweoknneodcemuarleasbdenlytbroHeebilsaseisrcsortaamiarsuneesc(ewe5ex2hotp9afo)et.tchhmtyeeHoddirrroeotwroleysesusvbiissesetcrae(,mfnpotctohriedbeesltearooatruttghoeraylanydhtireycpoddleeryrasosstniliesyds,rstsieosu,n,xntpiesdhsaianpottuesitocprhainhaet,aleltdayend "coembmt(hoexifaioilepcllytdserhhweoTcbeagytbaheserdelbadelrswsrido.oeaetacd(qoslawtSleusirogeuhibbarsnrceesoesahrdmndflme.ioadegmromtnhiifTrottotfeehilhntcdoeaeerucifbmseulbottoatliuiuhrdleleilsgliesssaktlamytanr(beoCesisbeocifs)ldiiarocsteehsdtha,sdsaareteevnmerg1gericrm,earseadan,Tsadhdyttpaeooeoabdhusrwtt.lioibteauonsilndobp7dmiy(h0ei1eass-oe8g1txd4rreo)teea2nrlraed)aaa.sracpttteiteeeeviAlrotselrsutonlooylpaallieearsnheruardiimegmgsonhyepdoz)orhteyolehiyvmysfadegcetnhrlmosyotimpnucciscaodaaperslrelosclsberarbsxeoweguid.nateoselcuadmMtealnhpddadbrottaoyisbebpumtreittgilhaouaihttelcfysihonto i-bmoraf(o5errfro1aoatrc5mnhreh)Dceea.ihanitimefisdgcFfdoeepnodchroarsreeyrlenedktraaaptraelsnlolnecatacheotansiyetnnrahddsbaeartrmorniotetnoocuisbcaamemrirnwncobuaotbiocesstlinhhoeroocoisll,uolbftsehgliasatccrisehcroeraebueboslilibioodoozadiirdeclcep,etwgmibegsvrrirtiioalorstalryiduddsedacetawtitgbrfuifirfoiotlrneaehnrergd,stavi(shnae1tiaaigncr8ornynrd4enei1falltvi)iowsocn.eniaxoernginuaycgBtrlitldtreysiyeamco.sbaliikienluesaFtsdpatneeoehnexerpretsoptii,eofrhetxdaco,tbantshoem.ibdiodisildp,opeldtcaoeogoen,lrnygdabhcrsdeytaibgiacdtehmbluaiclcietyualiniocuttyhnsse 70.23 Primary Routes of Exposure from SoQ/Ground-water Systems . wcwsdefo7ooos0efoartrns-uetsbc1seryblre)trTdsniiid,obtwhtbuabheaetieecdeelnoclnctdaauietahscbsuxmobapospioovoolvuee.iveflellcysaeots.gl,tTdfeoyiliodythwnsthnchceteoht.uievroyleisosrtsTlbaibia(colirheCtooneiecwlclwirsaontoeasyensofsnaoctefikkfleansuacrlntybtaee2pteaisr-lusecd4aioptrhityraleoiiayb.ontirhlfensatowdTTacr(fkatamhaeteyebeo.cr,gnslytie.osbs,struwouui7stciptig0lhsl,gal-emb1srehtyu)esaseatugynvbsuegbdeixsbeotsephsettldtatoaeaonwcr.tdatecbseitlevfOeahdsfsoteeryisllrvtgatnioperesattntoilunhlyebnciriedtceeegtymsilicyelhnoaosfyrncwotodeeCrdrrrralbvsoatnvl,ehoocsekcaswlerpcaaryaht1butpisowsolseoiestennorpt,ooeihnTtinnalyasstgaptilbeaeyllse
SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
70-21
dtlsttohhhyisseneespitrohfaVflsrreuleoeootiidadmlwcatrowoviselfiipoigllzslliiaalaslrvtatsdiniorlolitloeetnaoytstns.iooeloicxoftzcpfesueeytxrcthnopttebeehdsecetoftytoemtiporcdeeecrtoerteohaxfsuentrfeylkeltnuscputiaid,nals.tseitssiinoAgdiinnlolststieihfogsiotcnhutasiahfnogitecthsahselntoaoxhtwviplee.ilonysps,huTpuagrihrllieaelveetiodniheofgysnotdwerlrierotoxatrclparkeaneoerdsrobiuspmogrpnopleoyrsrrfcortrobpaueleecsncbrtiidailtaoyyuesnnesfdetoosrfoifn
- catpcismanaoronruamdalnedruyniteirbhakndGeolmihcaececgrayrttchioelsmdnsuyldeuyyrara,nnottolhsdecttiiohnhdarel-slworrgexuobutbpeabbiusogycotyltnhgeesitorhuo,ahoitnrqlacheisetuonlhesesadnd(ex)toitdmpisarwhdcicoasmgaihocsyroavauuhiernnerraclrgidagetercabetssgniuuebeeoioemlssesnttnemfteaorfrmsyosresososaofa,ooiumdrlygrcrpbicrlpfehbydouatadhoeuocrrt.esemntrpaiifadrcrwehWnl-soseawarismtgsethtpiaeencceottrritrerofseaheerti.snaceeswtatidisemrihuSnarosiritusanucnfrlahsadesafelxctrnahsieipcdusnayeeosswknnspegitwuad.onohrtrtragloeeyeitTutnreegwisnxkhcprlyapsdiaehncot-eteamogwihuclrvlswtpaaswee)stytad(euaaebybrtkpasee.telpepforescoelonaoirEcsreuufiebxscatsspphesoeluoylpoenylrnlsttiwhutethiershna,eyeetteirc' significant ingestion exposure because of their low potential for bioconcentration. '
70.2.4 Other Sources of Human Exposure
swseianeoxlatatiphltoleosoirDssnu,umugtarroahatefsayattwcphorheaeeenetslwhgluetwralhaxtotasteeueyirnnfnsasodtmoooo-oidwtbrlhfiaeeba(ttnirneenhtrident.hcstgdheoarenndiecnexcetkpaphniosorntesorsgiuautoetrwgfidehoastnthogehnerroa,ofssuraoosnnrlyaeudondb-ttwnwlhbeoaaeteyttfeesiracnravocccarqtroiiulaornanauntbnkan)lemtcwitafariiisnnyaeedsan,tt.oshipwioleosnLhrleeitimnaertedekaraiyaniittrthgburiaresogneuawd.idgsakheaSsenmhetttsevhibfdeeiiareenadndl,t
: ,
eiinfxhppaerlcoPatteteeirodcsntoitvnoeenxerpglelocosienvuievvrsoeelsavtnehaddreeicgnnlrooettathhteieenxsgmtpeaeacxirntepetodensnouattronewcbeoteoronlsfayrdanguiterrh,cierndatgiifcrtemccatranaiddnnetkoerctnmhaasaenerlceoemxilopasp.cohesuriWnaretehrisoyilneasar.reelikely
703 HUMAN HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS wptoritemhseTimnnhteienraaenmlryaabljsaoibsgreaintsyilefuiobccarfrniacdtnaaknatcatdsadsai(evtsiaeooienlialaCblelxhehpaaipoznstauertrrdhese6.9(l)2iS.t2ey1rn6att)hueartneicddleausrbcerriiccboaenntshsiedagelertnehdereasfiflmleycitldasroaisnnsoottcoixaitceidty
70-22 SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL 703.1 Animal Studies 703.1.1 Carcinogenicity
No specific data were found. 703.1.2 Mutagenicity SalmSoynnetlhlaettivcpchriamnukrciausme o(2il22[M2)o. biNlo-ol]thwearsstmuudtieasgewneicrewfhoeunndt.ested in strain TA98 of 703.13 Teratogenicity, Embryotaxidty and Reproductive Effects oil wNeroe sfpoeucnifdi.c data on the teratogenic or reproductive effects of synthetic crankcase 703.1.4 Other Toxicologic Effects 703.1.4.1 Short-tram Toxicity whaboeunigrohsSr.tmproaNavligoetuireeast-diDwmvaeeewrr)seleesyyrenefrvftaehetcaesttlseiacdnwlduderbucerrhiiicnncagkotteinenndegscrowuoipelprst[eyEoxe(4xx20po2no3ds2ae)yd.s23(p8ho0esatt-due-xrobpniolnyseu) retenoga4inn7de.2-no4oi8l].5fogr (7total 703.1.43 Chronic Toxicity locatNedo isnpetchieficlitsetruadtuierse.dealing with the long-term toxicity of synthetic oils were 7 0 3 3 Human and Epidemiologic Studies 7033.1 Short-tram Toxicologic Effects sioCplnuiufz-cbp1esor3yioilwAc0mraAasdnptisizitnneaaotag.icmhrtueciosoCtri,enaollhfin,wcntelaaiyagcsnwsareedalafrdofsespeuftprclaaeooittlntrulfhyuttrseoaesddxrpergieeocbipvtrcauyeet,trelriooMndhsppneaodieddrdnfuaotdtrtloghiielonoopenngmwar.odeielrnsoarmsAgncyehagpdiel-epntt,dwerhrodaeaimxtleil.hzaipmzti(nifi2onota2enlet2ln3eso4lsd6owy,)ofh.-nn8ouva0upaArurp.emssof.enlriaenai,xzSvueeivltgdiseogasmhatsotnyairtndfuitntenihhngreea,qtatdiuhcameulniolpeintquasupreayitll
No other studies were found on the acute toxic effects of synthetic crankcase oil.
SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
70-23
70-3.2.2 Chronic Tonocologjc E ffects
exposNuoresttuodsieysntwheertiec fcoruanndkciansetboeilliitnerhautumraends.ealing with the effects of long-term 70.3.3 Toxicology of Synthetic Crankcase Ofl Components ccbuoorpmnioesnfptlTayothnuhdetnelidysccssocup.mhsesacpeniodfgisciibntciegoolonnawndo.ditfidosSyniefnsfeitcohTueflattuibcstloeec.r7da0eSn-fik4inncceafeo,sretthhtoheeileetvoxaaxacricucitetoselcoogtgmoryexpaiocotilfstyiyctoiadonmnadtpaooufnosueftahnsletlpyecocldiailefssipscieessndasre Organic esters tdnv(mar1irdoaia2ymniyp)i-ni.eantOpgottghrexrNeoosygis,codflatotiusnttopehcioanrcbeeloalaeopCcsnsnrakatiNenmeitsnoerSekaspsil(eneds1agsn.en8etatpen2dybIrr2elnsedr)osse.aihrshbsliptoulaoDeytwmsnriiios,fec(ano2dnnuh.a-sahncaaTuievdidhtxsteoeoeiieaxnsbxs,oiyetcelneveeuxrlnotlbpysehm.rveyteiceielctft)lDsaifestnetucdieigbcondctamcgtasoifnnnpioocodaahritltraaseettavcdrobaieaixdnslfniedcraesaioittslemhyotsone,yewtrtdbdbhsraleautiarctoavt"umaxerlsotireiatcecfuilagtwdfymnecli.undhoeinienisdckrLethswaariadalciirlintltnysgheceomrynliuelodaldinyaon(et1-sjibute8vorse2exy2liya)c: Polyglycols vNthheaonezatcierIlaydansetgelieioesxdsnitosihtfossahnssokbouibunlftedepianrbotrleiyhrtaegipgptlryihooocrnvottieledsomderidpsbsekuur(i1tann8tleui2skfr2feeee)nls.cys,t,istwibzwhuateetrirsoeemnvoaahnllpalyovaremtsrboaauenrensenittsolirrkpeyerp.loyodrUtutoescduef;aolnrmlyomil,ntdooaxidriicernqihteuaaftfalieatocetnito.nto wsovam5rianraGagubellsn-uysbHimceiafUtlasiBecodcs-rafrlvo5iaoinenge1nnrcrh0tgets0otteheh,xogeefife2fcrlruf5i.oomntfi-wmhedtHaAcietsslhts-e12tafdoi.0rdin7rbnoe0ae7asdst5pleeai,trnr-rworevamageasnen3slildigadxli5soitt.nwun4eiu7ngdra5nemis-knfrHgranLonrot-foaf/os1mekwnt4mpgfeuOneod5ald.bla0.ly9wreia5nusaN.ldrpko(tdeey1oTogtl2ologeeho)>tnnse.wh06eee.frl45eriogandwltgmayi/seo2dckLirno5vng/l-egk/msHdorlgseafao-e-y2nlbdte0dwhcoo0eeu;sfd5felfoaci2eerfyro5csoatr-ttrolwHsaeprleLt-wlswia2t.gDeos0ohmrx0t5eiy5c0vecios-ataofhHyflormuosrBtwwe.ph-stione2twThu6.fsoo0nhmrL,dTeyosDethohaetrehs the dNieot coarrcininomgiecneicdeerfmfeacltlsywexepreosoebdsetrovethdesine rcaotms poorualnlydsad(1m3i)n.istered Ucon fluids in
70-24 SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL ACUTE TOXICITY OF SCERLAETNCAKTBCELADES7EC0O-O4MILPONENTS OF SYNTHETIC
Compound
2ppptttrrr-eooiiiecnc-llptryyorthhepeareysettesrynlhhyrohlyyoylppepll-thxypehhylonbroelseiosnstppesoehgpbhllahagaytclatceyeaotcetloel , tri(p2h-eotshpyhlhaetexyl) ttretiertaheythlpyhlossiplihcaattee ttreitcfrshlaiull(oio2crr-aooetetterhtihy-albnuetyl)
(mOgr/kagl) (mDegr/kmga)l
LLLLLLDDDDDD^MMjl,,oo, [[[[[[rrrmrraaaaattottt]]]]]u::;::s43e143]13260:9,88070200550,500.
LLDDjU [[rhaut]m:a3n0]0:01000
--
LD* [rat]: 37,000 LLDD^^, [[rraatt]]:: 11600000
L20D,0U00[ra-bbit]:
LD* [rat]; 20,000 LDW[rat]: 43,000
-
Inh(aplpamtio)n
-------
L10C0^0--[4rath]r: ' '-
8T7C,^0,00[r-a6t]:hr
Source: 47
' cwghaCaclyehylidcrdcarieoopuoPlstmx-aioemsytrl.tygreale4idynTbt3icdhuahoyottleceelifechddmnatahentrenoeecgdgnheltIasayhndlncesiiogitnfsaallmmyliballceualpototoraplioeifoblc.dinodealdacSiRcsmhiemdteeeoasmgthodoteiohsfirstmewarcptyuaooioossllpcosynoisegeoinnutmPnhseriiwyslosoal)tgofererunwntantehthmodeiwgsctlhTtihytoocoahxfaotxirlcinreacaetosebopeslfboofhffitecgrtiocicysoaxtittseiroGcenexdosutciufciowdcilmettheiyett.epdhhl(oya2iueltn2eotnn2hrdms5eys)leo.egt(nflasyeuEbccoofhflliecciantss dd(2ee2pv2eo4Nlso)i.otpieoadEndxvioanefmrrsoiaenxtaasctlhiafoeatndengco2erfsymsmitnLao/lnskclkgiin/endyicastayhlae,pdbocmioloyirncethiitcshetaymelrleietcnduaebltuhgollereyschsoaoelmfm4tea0ht0teorle(okdagiudtimcrnaaeeltyniopt(na2rr2ean2vmo4eta)e.ltseepdrescaified)
SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
70-25
Phosphate esters cpormoppOeorrntgieeansntiwsch(p1ichSho2s2mp),haakteess tphoesmsevssaleuxacbellelesnytntthheetrimc alul bstraicbainlittyananddhcyhdermauilciaclfsluoildvency erTdtnaItohenficeoafxsegerxeuritveccirlyacosiOtthltutsucyeisritoshaisfgognir,oannsnoolyndocinmsinssliemtuceciesrndissrmmpcattceeierhlasmoauer.oiso.nanduestdstepdhleeaShscstibmataigteioinltnnnmouendstaossrulcdooatlalcahlfefrprt,eentiatrohocmeecrnaxersoeprivsancdapusoids,niteruaeiyredltsqcyi,i/pgfuosmoahhayrenlbtesnludnotprstsewaoeacmssrlraliasebancsml,l,ecgiiyvdunaosramenitestottxdsihhurcouoerlenelafsotsx.yitcusntioshiohgvgctTenheeresmhfitrnsotee,oohexfabmmespnalegouadcsclisartkeoniurntiocnhenyrd,fddilesbcaaa.hisvrunlttloeiidtaEsofloaiignlaonnecuerncoaetolt,mn.oyofnfshisbtcoTeiii,egmnmahndtaeiiuosncnaxlhcdiaonighactfaiicealtoneeistandgn,iol.ltinoraaf.l cdSrdaeoseeessmgceuoreclpenCCtialaeehhisrtntaereaeopdtdintidnioewiaicrnsrcictrha4uhohod9sfelmsoaiiotnroihfgneaneasnitstnhdotaeirenrxcataortITpsnienoehsOmsnotaCoiasncorlpPtlsfiaht..vhtaliioteotDywen.ssep,ldRaiTpnoyeaoasserxeltdtsoiicccropouaerafltfdarifooarernllacyygntsasdPitsnrraiiopc-irngoeerr-pcaminhprmoeoahsnnseyTperlaxahonilpaxsdthintceeoeosnarslntpvopieghrmtsyooaadthGelsusalicus(gdeTihduaOtaleesCaomtfnooPbder)aeamsae(un1ar3ya)b. le Silicate esters caeianrofnlermfmcdietrocapolTtstuosstihoinuscne(gn1o.,ad2tmtols)iIx.vptniihelnchereit,tatoeylialanytnotjhidefoiecnnttknshioikooednicfnnuoe4srooyi0ttufh0eds.orapsatmipobWlimabcrghiaateestbt.enhypserriIranonansdtphstduoailiclfldsaoeeotidrdsinoi7lointonruxahtsoaonofnus(t1ie8rhes8s8ne/2dvt2parae)pary.rybmybftwoIihtpnriedrjem3eoeyc0dlaeytui,,docaeanietndyddseopmrfncroaoaaedunt,uhasgadecyendelvddefsrmriostlsilromeciarganthtasetliietnyt Silicones waainblhsoosevonGebmese5epn7eleiam0nrsadihFtlieltvyed(i,d1d8uisnd2ialt2uliosc)ro.iwtnnhigeteshdeaeeycrfeeof.emcntpSosltoisgdiihritsrtiaoitptnaeptmioenapfgrofirtlnuoagortrywhinieitrahrstiikentdaint2iso4ainlnihcdtooouncraetshu.peseoTelyynomeoxiechcroasmsmaabteteaeterleinmadlpasrmeemrpaaoagtryueterdes showIend cwhirdoensipcrefeaeddisnygsteemxpiceriirmrietnattiso,nr.atsRatrbebaittesdinwjeitchtehdexinatmraedtheryml adlilsyilowxiathneH(MHSMS)
70-26 SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL dWrraaetbvhbeeailnntodpeineygdheuairenleededseaumalpttaeigd4a,4niw0nd0ittnhrpeapacnmrsvoieesfnriosytrais1rtlir9gtithhtaoettiioi2nnn6cjrewdecaaittiyshosen,ciHonsimMtrepasSt.lecltiSaevuielcrsolexeadaanrndsielnisggkhiidnatfnjtdeeeceyrtpewr4de8esiisgnhihtoootunsrtsih(n.1e2t,he13). ninojtecrSteeisdluicliotnntineo rirrearstiistnasitniohtrnaadptoenroritaoibnnbfeilatulelsyknic(ne12oo)rn. ehyeeas.lthNwohteonxifcedefffeocrts94wderaeysretoporrattesd, awnhdendid shiniogcwnidiefRevicneaacrtnse, tafoetfodsixcniyacgsltdeesifefsateuatcbrttychuelteLavsnoietneleogou-otfsef r0iimn.n3jj%eefccetteiAiodonnnintigo(f1ofs3at0)mu..2diAmesLinfaonmrtiitfcoweaomreypesaohrrostwesdehdosiwmaeigdlarrenaorteesrults; DatrniimdfluetPotehorrloyaypltdporihlomoepgneyitylchmlmyeelfetfshteihycloyltpsxlpoaiolnnyleysrislcaiolatoxsuxasaanenneddew,nretoarrbieesbv(iattirdslis,emoonertnthectgeyhsalasttniiiclvgoueexlsayirn)wpehhmfeefanenlcyetltsserisleiatnpenrdero,adfbaoubnrcidttrisve.eprsotduudcietsive(13). Other bccpfiPnoooiohslmnll(seyodmknppwOiioot-hnipiltuenoihhcntnngeeeydsrsdnlistneosaceghxwrotrwaeyhmealpieradetphrehtxasioepot.npnrineoaryecnabSnItoc)bteteftupsdiittrdcvhsooaiateeldfoaprlsyun,osidcywrnantsnniscoottrdohnnhfero-elamytprtsocimhec-oxmbenietnlciidoutlsydax(bilmcndirctteuir-icattrpawahycinhntieuitse(grnhti1neeg8usonsh2oxsokt2roeyiinali)wpr.ol.rahefiandetnBdanthdtoniisehoxo(isynypned)t-tobirprmnxaeahuinapecalztneoicecerlournoixittfgaeeolyuilnpcscieaedhayualseuelnnesideyftntfeeedlce)srslecttunssttsdh.soeweeviriTert,rrhheietrasateitos.n Synthetic Crankcase Oil Additives StoexlieccIittnyefdodracmtoamatopiofonuspnaedvcsaiiflaiacrbealedbdroiinetifvlayedsd.diisticvuessseudsebdelionws.ynRtheefteirc tcoraTnakbcalese70o-i5l ifsorlimthiteeda.cute 2,6-Ditert-butvl-p-cresoI hanyddrh2oy,x6dy-rtDoailu-utleiecnrtef-lbuouirdtsyB.l-HpT-c,reissoul,semdoarse acnomoxmidoantliyonkninowhinbitaosrbiuntyslyantethdetic crankcase oil ctharecinBnuoHmgTebneirnwhohifbilipetsutlthmueomninoarcriiygdeeanndecesenisoomwf hahseenpinamdtouumclteaidpslebinydduousrceeestdhaabrnyee2aw-daemcreietnyialsautemgrmeindeonfbtleeudfoorrbeeynea and
SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
70-27
ACUTE TOXICITY OF CSERTLAAENBCKLTCEEAD7S0EA-5DODILITIVES OF SYNTHETIC
Compound 2p,h6pe--dncior-etthesroiatl-zbinuetylpyridine quinoline bydroquinone ztpt2trrri-hniiipnnc-eecohaartnrheppoydstashblhyip-ntttloahhhho-lpiyoaplcoallhrthapmeeoamhss-iyopnilnshepeahteate diisobutylketone
(mOgr/kalg)
(mDegr/kmga)l
Inha(plaptmio)n
LLLDDDjud, [[[rrcaahtti]]l::d]58:09400205 LD [rat]: 891
LD [rat]: 331
LLDD*l>o[[rhautm]:a3n2]:0 29
--L11D2l1, [rabbit]: E54D0 [rabbit]:
--
--4L0C00 [r4ath]:r
-
"*
1
LLLLLDDDDD^W^, [[[[[rrrrraaaaattttb]]]]b::::i482t1]6466:828220005130 LLLDDDl,,o[[[rrhaauttm]]::3a50n70]5:001000
--"-- ^' "f . 2L0D,0m00--[rabbit]:
' --"-- _ _5LL200CC0^l0--b, -[[4rhauthm]r:an]:
Source: 47
70-28 SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL praotsst-atrnedatmmiecnetwwaisthnBegHatTiv(e17(1).7).The NCI bioassay for carcinogenic effects of BHT in (17).A rep.orted teratogenic effect of anophthalmia in rats has never been duplicated 4s'? edidpcpDnaxooerodvporpssiuieegltetacyr-Vro-dsti,ednmiamesoaeerspnenpiaeicenoddlenoutnrcadfstpedaloetamveminancniftntiucoitcibirelrrmrurespfoeoaamahsdwsstoloaui.sshml(lcoi1iftwtalLge7iieoledih)icsvn.seeaeuennolrixrznctvaypccrinmuhguvedrrmaoreorernsbeewsgldioyeatosxhsnucfyhhdrfgirfioengeaeammrhntnreeiadcdmftiaaonsonal,lhscldseoermcssmewhiavaiaceoolesvnedrefegrdhoaBhetenlhsasmHadyegrhToneamBerst.hvprHooheeiAntsTfahbikgdsteeeeevhlyesoxieeasnpfrilsenoiheopndstebouicaepdslrmfueiatefdhrdt,aeyiveecgcmedtedspsismeliien,innnuoltcrmaoelarustihltgcdieesaem,ednwnndehaanistca,hl
BHT is mildly irritating to human skin and severely irritating to rabbit eyes (17). Phenothiazine umrointoaArrytaaoctnnitveiistetyipmatinec,d. paChlteuenrroretphnsityalcyzh,inoitteiciwsbaaesnhuaismveidoproirn(t1a7hn,utm1a6an)nt.ipmsyecdhiocitnice darsuganusaendthteolmdiinmtiicnisahnd i' plehuoktooSpsideenensiieatf,ifveeicotytssinhooafpvhepihlaielasn,ooatbnhediaenzhienrmeepoilnoyrcttliuecddaeinnetompxhiiace.nhoeDtpheairtamiztiiasnteiat-intsrd,eahjatyeupdnerdisniecdnei,sviitldeivuuiaktylos,cy(a1tno7ds,1is6,). Tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (TOCP') nefefuercoTtsmOouCfsPcTuOlisaCrkPnp,orowsbenleemtCoshca(a2pu2tse1er6p)4.e9riFopofhrethraaislcoGnmeuripvdloeeu.tes sdyisscteumssidonamoafgteheleatodxinicgoltoogical Zinc dithiophosphate * obrwal(Z2L3iDn1j7cd).dviaallukeylodfithgrioepatheorspthhaante2(Zg/DkgDPbw) haansdaalodwermacaulteLDsyWstveamluice tionxiecxitcyeswsitohf a3ng/kg tnphoreond-aiUurdrcndietdisatiitlvmuinetogeid.dnerZPhayrDtdoeDlroatPnougliseicsedvfaelcursoieednvsteeararcynettdhweeysimteyhnaitruharnneitdtdaiincleut;cdtreehadmonwakZ.ceDavsDeRerPe,optieilhssae,tireidsrdiiltruacettogeinnadtrgadpcterotdordtaehussecutl,stksuinsinedanads Qssuring and exfoliation (2317).
SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
70-29
tca(mo2onxa2ndil1sce6erInce)er.ulfaafsbtetuiSbevcbdiotetcsmsh.twooreeofDebsnZkteoiucrsDddmytrDioeaewxsPsliuecsail(iugtpt1egyhp2dgtl1siec7tilsnuoa)t.sdtidstioheenasac,ntrodeZtfahDrs5eeeDddtmuPoscap2elpeed5rr%irmmfeopaoZcrrdoioDluydcDnuoatPcnsftfsieuavfcinemvtdseepftstdfhioeaoemcyntsresreaaptmetrwhsaoteeydirecubkutcelhtafiaropvnrehaytttorsohriorogptelahohenegysicoafl
Pyridine
aatodbxmsiocirPnpeyiftsriftoierdncaittnsiieosnininsooaatfnbspismiyogrraniblidsfeiidncaaerfnerttoolmianrlktahttehsodeupgtrroheosdcpcueoinrcnaettrdtaoacrlhtynempearanavtdyoorurgeesanssudatlrletopdiirnnaetmsedssaietogrinnema.a(l1tPit7trri)as.o.cltosn.SgheSodrkti-ndtaerilmy
` '
pstlnureoaanvuscgetsh-.reAieenaocA,gvbuefortsasmeotmtinioigttaconiuhlnxl.eiigt,coi,iAsratdaynuwildatrhodreirmposchushseeyelntawit,ronaaefghlvsy2edfptarehetolpooermrpdue3ygstrphshmeuitxeolLimntaoin,op(gnray1eeanr7ssrid)udty.iliotdneneedflrieoironmfimusammeavaa.sennprdDiaprlaermtaooietdouhmunncbcooerecdfascnupmooryfurirlesidpddyianr4nie3doiirnhneeotxouiparrt,shodeuced
Hvdroquinone
ghSaenyyndestmererHomiaqayli.uldcyirneNodofqefonesuecceirntfdsifobaenieiclnedytcliwfasuosadrisredrterihtpterrapieetgmoiemnrogttereonsdttofaaifvtnotihedollenomc.wsookinnniFnvtgahutbslhasuuli(otm1hn7nuas)omn.tpalicunnosgrderosooctsscieoiavsnseir.ooanfnSag3kle,0in0sferlvtoeoemsri5oe50nh0steomimng1om2lyatginrcamarse.
70.3.4 Levels of Concern
t(o20b1e2N)voidrcotrueiastlellryiisatfroaerecsrftiratoenmrdioaonrdilsfoasrnpdoeiclgifraiecnadsfeo,grrpseayarnstetihcwuelthaicirclhycrwarenitqkhuciarrseeegsaodridlomwtoeesrtteaicsltowecaaattneerdd.soudpEoprPl.Aies
703-5 Hazard Assessment
scemyuffunrerttcaheTtgnesoettilnxoyciifcclaoiuttvlhyboaergiasliiacescabsaatmllieynadgr(tae2etorg2aiia2alr2llosfd)o.c.irnagtAA7edtnhhsoioefntouhgcrrleasersrycersnixetnthuphoidogberyetititnceniidconcitdrtneayidcon,akrttaceehdaspavsrteaeorrdsopaeuitolscsetiaafitvrfineveedce,stocpsrhrae(isr2clpsok2eon3e.ngn2Ns-s)te.oeerixnmdpaaotenasxepdaAormestuoerse
prodIuncteodxihcaeatidoanchoef,vdaipzozirnizeesds, snyanutsheeat,icvolumbirtiicnagt,inigncooiol rbdyinaantioanir,crparfotfunsaevisgwateoarting,
70-30 SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL lreetthuarrngeyd, dtoepnroersmseadl dweitehpinte2n4dohnourresfl(e2x2e3s,6)a.ndNuonoeqthuearl hpuumpial nsizdea.taCwlienriecallosctaatteuds.'
70.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS
.-^..TvsfrropaeehlrleqlaeyocutwiiDifwmvriieeceniasttgjhemco:trorhamtniejcmcoionercemnaocttlaprloineoaomcdntntipoiedooonninfnststetacoonhanfftetcseatepghgrroefeeeornspcrieeemorrnsneacssliteelnthyniteotsuaayfesttntinsitrvtyteihesnbe,outtfhaftiiceeenildtdndcicirttesaoicavanrlmekoancicnploaskltnsechoetaeaafshmnectadhoivoninesilalasstttbbiiyotoeipnunreeean;sntdoothuiirsdloeyewtanhtaneotendivmfaewilewrsyed,esaalitttvsahehesrefesor,trhiwnetgihl.le
APOPohlrilogpyashgpnlayhitcciacotelessatneedsrtsearrsomatic hydrocarbons
,,
\f,-cvccsT(aessSsppooyophxoanarOurlnntrelriamilrniioctdCilleooacdhcytpmAcruPacrizesltptotisaetatetenaiiphdctadomocdclgooehnnogbpmnccGdiowalrnoyrlutmnaebCiaobmemtspdtiGnmehtenhhhptnkowCaaheeyyoaracotnto/ennlanirmfueaodoGlsaieyunllernesaalnydClaye.sphdstGoztosi/sapbesMegifAwCslsrdseliscy,pnoScn,h/aocMpeeabwiloinxsccprsay.aiyleShsttoiint,lrarli.nhiG,ladqaothabttaleecmehubCryaorertcyeosveereseeahittnoenodstticwpnrlcziroovorbiyuewiuqliefnctGensumshnuir(iseeettmnCaGoteahhnd,gfnsurn/eCo(.Mitkttaeltrolry/oscig.dMldiqSgaaAsaucdoiu.mdsohs,leSrqrefiumelndeopg)uctottsrroealhieeersetosi,incrooeeclotnsstoidxthcuhelc.prmihyxlsecdiioeiltnnfirnaecrnrOlssaicuntaiaopqcnfooipocemtnaileugklrctsrrrauc,eri,psceobiftmsaacavflewuleoeiupomsittcrnmnioshemhohtepuharyac,yncdoplsonyolehmeiiooe(emlsscerbGbntr,uahodhiepeueylnCmaawanfnosinptnuiz)drianwtondttseeesteeehgaaoeq)n,rbnaonptdguesesetcnpudor.i,soraryratstlxneinospgioo(Ihciqsaah3bfnrasotulisp5yleedfhmniiyrth;6ptndeecoap0tnant-eptorhle)lrhtniaerre.raiqabedntfeselutryeseasiaieontldytt.nneihsto,iesn;in,
ttwcctrhrahooitonacuhsrhtleeeaAdlroncdltrttnteeoehorsirtseictrnsritadfqbiilbtceueuisfevaoidtennr(hlieoty.aeidee,tb.ta,mhtoathiavcseveoneaeames"nfudoomyareirlnetommedaanrnaqemmtdsuneoieetrnlgoaiuaoarusbetlufsiaiorlrasiaenetendync"dooagivcfnbrsoesaogrntovriertlliodieu-cusnthampfetrmlsoeocqrtpmoaurolnfieafcslneacub.xtlooleitmytrry;aompceotoetthfiahneosaeanunnersxtewepst)dir.etwa.chciiTfttTihihcohensicsiomommidilelepatatrheonrondpmdehnsgiyntrsaaeirbcateaiusoletn
sliammitpAlfeosrdeastnpedecct/iiiofginc/glcifomomritpnfooonrne-nsaytqsnutihesoeeutixscpsecacrmatenpdklectsao.sebeoilincathnenortanbgeedoeftermig/iLnefdo;r tahqeudeoeutesction
SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
70-31
70.5 REFERENCES Nthoetye:apTpheearnoinnstehqeuemnatisatelrnbuimblbioegrsraopfhyt.he references reflect the order of references as
2. ADmoceurmicaenntaCtioonnfeorefntchee oTfhGreosvheorlndmLeinmtiatl VInadluuesstr,ia4lthHeydg.ieCniisntcsin(nAaCtiG, OIHh)io.1980. 4. AMMmaertehyrloiacdnasdn:-SAWomcaieteertriycaafnonrdSToEecnsievtitinyrgofnoamrnedTnetMastlaintTegericaahnlnsdo1lMo98ga3yt.er(ASianelcns.tuioan! BHo)o. kEaosftoAnS,TM 5. ASprreinnag,fiJe.lMd,. I1ll9in7o9i.s:PoCihsoanrliensg.CT. oTxhicoomloagsy.PuSbylmisphteorms.s. Treatments. 4th ed. 9. CBrhoewmnicinagl,PEu.bl1is9h5i3n.gTCoxoi.city of Industrial Organic Solvents. New York: 12. TCSoolanxysict,ooInlno,cg.Gy,.D3r.;dCrleavy.toend,.,FV.Eo.l,. e2dAs,. 21B98, 1T. oPxaicttoylo'sgyIn. dNuestwriaYloHrky:giJeonhenaWndiley and 13. TCInolcax.yictoonlo,gGy,.D3.r;dCrleavy.toend,., FV.Eo.l,. e2dCs,. T1o9x8i2c.olPoagtyt.y'sNeInwduYsotrrika:l JHoyhgnienWeilaenydand Sons, 16. PPGhuilbamrlimasnha,icnAogl.oGCg.oi;c.a,GlIonBoca.dsmisaonf, TEhSe.r;aGpeilumtiacns,, 6At.h 1e9d8.0.NGewooYdomrakn: ManadcmGilillamnan's The 17. GTWooixlskiscienolislno,CgyoR..oEf.; CSommitmh,erRc.iPal.;PHrooddugcet,s,H5.Cth.;eBd.raBdadloticmk,orJe.E: .T1h9e84W. iCllilianmicsaland 21. TGercahynsoonlo,gMy,.;3rEdckerdo.thN,eDw.,Yeodrsk.:1J9o7h8n. KWirikle-yOtahnmdeSroEnsn.cyclopedia of Chemical 47, ANRveagatiiioslatnrbaylleoItfnhsTrtoiotuuxgitcehEothfffeeOcNctscautoipofantCaiolhneLamilbicrSaaalrfyeStouybfasMntadendcHeicesian(leRth'sT(EMNCEIOSD)SLHAD)Ra. tSabsaysset.em1,984. 60. MUU..1SS6..4CC65ooaa.1ss2tt GCGuOuaaMrrddD. I1(N9A7Sv8Ta.i.lCaWbHlaeRsIhUSiSnHgGtaoz.nPa,r.OdDo..,CusS.:tCoDchkeepmNairocta.ml0e5Dn0at-t0oa1f2RT-0er0pa1on4rst7p-oN2r)ot.a.tion,
70-32 SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
183. vM2Wi4na6ayl:glt1oo9cnn5hei-,lr2o,C1riJ8.d,..Ke1,9-7ePd6o.s.lPyAvrienndnyialcltCsivhoelfovrtaihdlueee.NNoefewwcaYrYocorinrkkog;AeNcnaeedsweismYbyoioroakfssSAacycisae.dnSecmeasfy.fioTotofi,xSiUcci.it;eyncoefs 305. Subchapter C - Hazardous materials regulations. 49CFR171-177 309. Constituents prohibited as other than trace contaminants. 40CFR227.6 351. Toxic pollutants. 40CFR401.15 355. Federal Register 1980. Water quality criteria documents; availability. 45:79318. 505. RNeaaticotnioanlsF. iQreuiPnrcoyt,eMctiAon: NAFssPoAci,atPiounb,lic1a9t7io5n. MNaon. u4a9l1oMf-1H9a7z5a.rdous Chemical 507. mMaanteurfiaacltuSraefrest.y Data Sheets and other safety-related dat'a from chemical 511. 0AEH7na6mvt,aireyPotaBhnmo8mad0e,-n2fHo2tar.1Kl0d.0R;e5teC.esrehmaernicn,hinJ.gLJ.a;tbhdoeerVactoeomrrayp,,aEtCi.biRnil.ci;tinySntoaeftpi,hheaOnzHas,r.dRoE.uDsP.;AwSaRstrteeopsm.o,rMtDu6.nL0i0.c,/i2p1-a98l800-. 515. DMSc.co,Gwerd,asK.w-HH1a9inl8ld2Bb. ooRooakkteoCfoo.fChbeiomdiecgarlaPdarotipoenr.tyLyEmstainm,aWtioJn.;MReetehhold, sW. N.Fe.;wRYoosrekn:blatt, 529. MeHdacsrG.riHrsa,awJn-.dHb1i9oll8o2kB.ooRofkaCteChoeom.f ihcyadlrPolryospise.rtLyymEsatnim, Wati.Jo.n; RMeeethhlo,dWs..FN.;ewRoYsoernkb:latt, D., 535. SCuobusntcainlcoesf.E4urMoapyea1n97C6o. m(7m6/u4n6i4ti/eEsEDCi-rOecJtivLe12o9n, 1th8eMDaiysch1a97rg6e). of Dangerous 536. C19o7u8n.c(il76o/f65E9u/EroEpCe-aOnJCLo2m2m2,un14itiAesugDuisrtec1t9iv7e8)o.n Fishing Water Quality. 18 July 537. SChoeulnlfcisilhoWf Eatuerros.pe3a0nOCctoombmerun1i9t7ie9s. D(7i9r/e9c2t3iv/Ee EoCn-tOhJe LQ2u8a1l,ity10RNeqouviermedbeorf 1979). 538. C19o7u9nc(i8l0o/6f8E/EuEroCp-eQaJn LC2o0m, m26unJiatnieusarDyir1e9c8t0iv)e. on Groundwater. 17 December
SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
70-33
542. 2C0ouMnacirlchof1E97u8r.opean Communities Directive on Toxic and Dangerous Waste.
787. L7LOC1541aoc/9but4Mo6en0b,l9caleii/r1nlErc6ghoE1AfCo91u7fE,99g7uD1,u0r4as;8otn3pJ7g/ue114eal9/ry1n6o747u1/4;CE9s/7EaoE5SsmEC;uaCm,b7m,s26ut9e/n2a9nn9i0Jtdci7ueeMe/ldssyE.aEDrb12cCyi97hr8,e63Jc193)ut9./0in87v1e1De/;Ee1o7cE9ne36Cm/7G1,.4ba161es9/9rsE6ifME71ic.9Caa7(r,t66ci;o72hn/575,194J9/P88u6/a3n9Ec1;eEk/E7aC10gE9/i7C1n-38g,;O9/1aJE5nEdC,
1217. pSeasntdiceirdse,sPf.Fro.;mSemiboedre,lJs.oNi.l a1n9d83w. aAtecrhdaimspboesralfosrysmteemas.uCrihnegmvooslpahtielirzeation of 12:999-1012.
1490. fSaateegeorf, sVel.eWct.;edHpihcokssp, hOa.t;eMesitcehrase.l, EPn.Rvi.r:onT.uScckie.rT, eSc.hEn.,ol1.97193,:E84n0v-i8r4o4n.mental
1496. eHnovwiraorndm, ePn.Hts..; BDuello., PE.nGv.i,ro1n9.79,CDonetgarmad. atTioonxicoofl.ary2l2:p3h3o7s-p3h44a.tes in aquatic
1793. 3P7r3opFoisnaall.fo4r JaulCyo1u9n8c5i.l Directive on the Dumping of Waste at Sea. Com (85)
1821. MtHIhnueotemnrEoanvgnaarstal.iuopVanhtaosilol.onAn3go3et.fhnGtechyeeEnfveCoavralaur:RacietWnisooeonagrrelodcnhficHtohReneaisltCCkhaaonrOfccrieCngroahg(neIemiAznaiiRcctaiColRsn)i.st1ko98oH3fu. CmWhaoenmrsk.iicnIaAglsRGtCoroup on
1822. RGeuinndheorlsdonP,uRbl.iCsh.,inHgaCrto, rApoWra.t,ioend.s. 1962. Synthetic Lubricants. New York:
1823. Bigda, RJ. and Associates, 1980, Review of all lubricants used in the U.S. and tChoenirserrev-arteifoinni.ngCpoontternactitalN. o.UD.SE. -DAeTp1t9, -o7f8BECne3r0g2y2,7D, i8v3isipo.n of Industrial Energy
1824. MGuctGhrraiew,-VH.iBll.,Beodo.k, 1C9o6m0,pPanetyr,oleum Products Handbook, 1st ed. New York:
1825. Hpeargfnoramuearn,cGe .Sliq.;uidBocwhrsoem, Bat.Mog.r,ap19h8y1., ALunbalryicsiastioonf hEyndgrianueliecrifnlugid3s7:u3s3i6n-g34h3i.gh
1826. oCfotEtonner,gFy.,OD.,iv1is9i8o2n, WofaIsnteduLsturbiarlicEatninerggyOiCl:onAsenrvAantinonot,atpepd. R1e6v3ie-w18.3.U.S. Dept,
70-34 SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL 1827. UMScnahirte.etd5e.liSctha,teAs;PaTteunntkeNl,o.N4.;,50B2r,9o7w0n.awEexlxl,onD.R, e1s9e8a5r,cLhuabnrdicaEtinngginoeielrcinogmpCoos.i;tion. 1829. MMEiliLta-rHy-1S9p4e5c7ifCic{aStHio)n, DHeypdtr,aoulficDFeflueinds,eF. irAepRriels2is8t.ant, Non-Neurotoxic, 1981, 1831. M19i7li7t,arMy ISLp-eFc-i4fi7c1a7ti4oAn(MHyId),raDuelipctFolufidD, ePfeentrsoel.euOmctB. a7s.e Intermediate Viscosity, :i? 1832. OMrilditnaarnycSe,pe1c9i8fi0c,aMtioInL-HHy-d5r6a0u6lEic, fDlueidp,tPoeftrDoleefuemnseB.asAe;ugA. i2r9c.raft, Missile, and 1833. MFliiglihtatryVeShpieccleif,ic1a9t6io6n, MHyILdr-aHu-l2ic76F0lu1Aid(,UPSeAtrFo)l,euDmepBtasoef, DHeigfehnTsee.mpJaenra.t7u.re, 1834. oMBfailsDiet,aerfAeynirSscper.eacftiM,ficMaarte.ito2rn5ic.,HNydatroauClicodFeluNidu,mFbireer RHe-s5i3s7ta,n1t9, 8S6y,nMthIeLtitcHH-8y3d2r8o2cCar,bDonept, -f, 1835. MMieltirtaicr,y1S9p8e4c,ifMicaILti-oHn-8H1y0d1r9aDul,icDfelupitd,oPfeDtreofleenusme. BMasaer,.U3l0tr. a-Low Temperature, 1836. FHNeoybrd.trha2u8Al.itclaFnltuicidsT,rPeaettyroOlerugmanHiza-5ti1o5n,anMdiliHta-r5y20A. geMncAySfo(rAIsRta)n4d3ar-dFiz&atLio/n3,74189.85, 1839. sYoalulkboilwitsykyo,fSs.oHm.;eVaariovmanait,icS.cCo.m; pMoaucnkdasy., RDe.si1d9u8e3.REevst.im85a:t4io3n. of the aque.ous 1840. Ct1o9o:aw6t2ae8tse-,3rM2p..a;rCtitoinonnecllo,eDff.iWcie.;ntBsaorrfoanl,ipMha.ti1c98h5y.drAoqcaureboounss.soElunbviilriotyn.aSncdi.oTcteacnh-nlo-ol.l 1841. mPRroiocgrteeorcbsti,iooJlno.EgAi.cga1el9n8lci6ty.e,rAaAntutahreeern.osRb,iecGptoArratnNsfoor.mEaPtAio/n60p0r/o3c8e6s/s0e4s2:,aUr.eSv.ieEwnvoirfotnhmeental 1842. NDaerwt,YRo.rKk.:; EStlrseevttioenr,SRciJen. t1if9ic80P. uMbliicsrhoibnigolCogoimcaplanasyp. ects of pollution control. 1986. JCuonuenc1il97o5f (E7u5r/4o3p9e/aEnECC-oOmJm1u9n4i,tie2s5 DJuirleyct1i9v7e5)o.n Disposal of Waste Oils. 16 1987. FhyeddreorcaalrRboengisftrearcti1o9n8;7.fiEnatlhyteltsotlusteannedsa, rtdrsimaentdhyrlebpeonrzteinngesraenqduirtehme eCn9ts.ar5o2m:2a5t2ic2.
SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL
70-35
1988. C, aromatic hydrocarbon fraction. 40CFR799.2175 2012. WU.aSs.hEinngvtiorno,nmDCen:taUl.SP.roEtnecvtiiroonnmAegnetnaclyPr1o9t8e6c.tiQonuaAlitgyenCcryi.teEriPaAfo4r4W0/5a-t8e6r.-001. 2216. TEoyrrdeso,irA, RW..;F.M1o9ly8n3.euHxe,aMlth.Ka.Bsp.;ecPtesaorsfolnu,bJr.iWcan.;tsS.aPnBde8r3s-o1n6,86J7.T4..; Simpson, BJ.; 2222. BmAPearuaotttkmaeegla,leetniEciPc.;irHtePyysasdo.rrfkoecuras,rebKdo.ncr1s:a9n8C0kh.ceaPmsoeilsyotnriluyscalBenjadorrBsaeritoohlm,ogaAitci;calDhEyendffnreoicsct,as.rAbCJoon.,lsuemadnsbd.uPst,hoOleyHnu:clear 2223. gWlyiclsoolnv,eChi.Gcl.e;s.TPhhoamrams., INn.tWer,na1l9.854:.9I4n-9te7r.action of tissues with polyethylene 2224. Prentice, D.E.; Majeed, S.K. 1978. Toxicol. Lett. 2:119-122. (As cited in 2223) 2225. EPHhdealrirocmlhd,a,cRDo.lF..A.6;51:9R382o29.d-eT3h3oe5xa.ivc(ieAtrys, oGcfi.tTteod.;piiBcnaell2la2pm2o3lyy),etWhy.Tle.;neFigttlyocno,l.LT.Aox;icBorlu. nAs,ppDl..E.; 2232. Crane, C.R.; Sanders, D.C.; Endecott, B.R.; Abbott; J.K. 1983. Inhalation
AtDaouDextpio-caAmorl1toom3bg3yie2l:ne2tH1e.onI.fgiETnvreaalnouisalpst,oiorantiartcoirofanftt,heOhrymfdfiarcaleudloiecfgrAfaluvdiiadat,tiiooannndpMrmoeiddnuieccritansle.forioFl.mAUAa.-SiAr.cMra-ft83a-n1d2. 2236. eTMxopoxonicstouglor.em1ef1or:ly4l,o2w3M-i4n.2Rg6.;.inWhaielart,ioGn.Te.x;pZoiseuvree, tFo.Js.;ynAthnedteircsj,eMt l.uWb.ri1ca9t7i7n.gHouilm. Canlin. 2317. Hpeetwroslteounme, iRnd.Kus.tr1y9.85R.eEgunlvaitr.onTmoxeinctoal.l Phheaalrtmhaacsopl.e c5t:s28o4f-2a9d3d.itives for the 3016. AQluaaslkitayWStaatnedrarQdusa, lliatystSatmanednadredds 119/78/78.7.AAlalsakskaaA, dTmitilneis1t8r,atCivheapCtoerde7,0W. ater 3135. Commonwealth of Virginia State Water Control Board Regulations 1988.
Water Quality Standards, 11/1/88. 3220. 8F/l3o0r/i8d8a. Water Quality Standards 1988. Florida Water Quality Standards 17.-3,
70-36 SYNTHETIC CRANKCASE OIL 3432. QMuaaslsiatychSutsaenttdsarWdsa,te1r2/Q31u/a8l3i.tyMSatassnadcahrudsset1t9s8331.4MCaMssaRch4u.0se0t.ts Surface Water 3501. N1/e9w/89Y. ork Public Drinking Water Standards 1989. Code Revision, effective `3539. rOuclce.upFaetdio. nRaelgSisatf.et5y4:a2n3d32H. ealth Administration 1989. Air contaminants: final 3560. wPeaittesrc.hFerr,esGe.nWiu.s'1Z98.7A. nDaelteCcthieomn.a3n2d7(i1de):n5t6if-i5c7a.tion of oil traces in surface 3587. RWeagtuerlatQiounalNityo.S2tanadsaarmdsenfdoredS.urface Waters of the State of Arkansas 1988. 3672. QSouuatlhityDSatkaontdaarWdsa,te2r/BQ9.uCalhitayptSetran7d4a:0rd4:s021989. South Dakota Surface Water 3683. dSotactuemWenattaetrioPnr.oDgreacmems bTeerlep19h8o8nethSrouurvgehyF1e9b8r9u.aPryer1s9o8n9al communication and 3719. NS11ue7rb.fraacsekaWWateartesroQf uthaelitSytaSttea,ndreavrdissed19e8f8fe.cNtievbera8s/2k9a/8W8.aNteerbQrausaklaityStSattaen, dTairtdles for 3763. f5Uo1.r:S2.e0xE4i2snt9vi,nirgaonnadmnd1en9n8tea8wl, P5s3ro:ou4tr0ec5cet6si2o.onf4A0pgoCellnFucRtyio4n01:3986A65.ptGpoexennicdeirpxaolBllp.urtaentrtesa. tFmeedn.tRreeggiuslta.ti1o9n8s6, 3852. WWyyoommiinngg GWraotuenrdQwuaatelirtsy, R12u/l8e4s. aCnhdapRteegruVlaItIiIons 1984. Quality Standards for 3853. WWyyoommiinngg WSuartfearceQWuaaltiteyrsR, Culheaspatenrd IRegulations 1984. Quality Standards for
APPENDIX
A-l
APPENDIX 1
USEFUL HANADNBODOAKISR, FDOARTCAEBODOOKCSU, MREENSPTOSNSE GUIDES
ArhfrHoeeaiolmlrzlewoaaeFwrAedsdoveiisnraelcorligose,ftafliiicnohtsttfgathifiiozsneiocangferfcesdhfilu)osoteslumwlentoshfoiowucatuoalt.rllidhsnt,tThatopeneihxnnrdieoidacbtvciecoaciqdodolhunekeirttssmoeeai,stniibpdcvotaeosaanlntlsuoaisanbafetncbsooedluolaettkscochishervenseeapstpenorionuldaulfvbslrilarcrioelceollfoas.npctpsmiaouuotncenbihnsolientics,caghobttuehirfoimeidneteihfspclseyar,osolfesadp,leltershorecrritpsreieilosbaksurteitbindsansdn.ge(.daqttTuoehknteehtye
A Method for Determining the Compatibilitv of Ha7anrinus Wastes
Authors:
H. K. Hatayama et al. (April 1980)
Available from:
UMC((NE.iuSnPTn.cAIiiSnEcinnRpRavaeteilpirp,ooEoOrnnrtmHtvNieNrnooot.na.mlEPePPBnrA8toa-0t6l-e02cR02ti/1eo2s0n-e08a50Ar)-cg0he7n6Lc)ayboratory
Contents:
vParroivoiudsesfammeitliheosdofanhdazcahradrotufsormdaetefriniainlsgacnodmwpaatsitbeisl.ity of
Accident Management Orientation Guide
Authors:
D. K. Shaver et al. (October 1983)
Available from:
AAEC(RdiairrewlipfFFaooroorrdrrntscciaeeNAo9RSir.3yo5sAFct2keoF3merRtcsePPCLBro-oaTmpsRueml-sa8ino2nd-07L5a)boratory
Contents:
This document identifies guidelines for mitigating ahinatrzeaarirlerdsostadtaossyotahcreidatAaecidrciwdFeiotnrhtceai.nnvionlv-sienrgvihcaezraaridlroouasdmdaetreariilamlsenotf or
A-2 APPENDIX
Carbon Adsorptio. rnLif. [Iso therms for Toxic Organics
Authors:
R. A Dobbs and J. M. Cohen (April 1980)
Available from:
UOC(Ei.fnSPfic.AcineEnRnoaveftipirR,ooOernstmHeaNernoct.haEl aPPnArdo-t6De0ce0tvi/eo8ln-o8p0Am-g0ee2nn3tc) y
Contents:
rPermovoivdaels odfetoarigleadnicdastuabostnantchees effrfoemctiwveanteers.s of carbon for
Chemical Hazards of the Workplace
Authors:
N. H. Proctor and J. P. Hughes (1978)
Available from: JP.hBila. dLeilppphiinac, oPttACompany
Contents:
Pidceratolasviiladntehdsadnsuagtgaigveoesnntsetmhlseeedwtiohcxaeilrceot.rloegaitcmalenetffpercotstoocfolcshienmm ore
CHRIS Hazardous Chemical Data
Author:
U.S. Coast Guard (1985)
Available from:
SUW(Su.tSapos.echrkGiinnoNgtvteoeon.rndn,0em5nD0te.-nC0ot.1f2P2D-r00io4n0c01tu2i4nm7g-e2nO)tfsfice
Contents:
AghPrarazospavehrpiddsaeorosuafstaetmewvmaiodtpleueermrivaaaeltsrui(rweSetthyodeconekfpoeNdrnadodt.eaern0eo5tdn0p-wm0hi1ytoh2sri-ce0va0alth1rpi5aorn8uo-sp81)e0ar0dpt0idreoesnv.idduems s.
APPENDIX
A-3
Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 7th edition
Author:
N. I. Sax, ed. (1989)
Available from: VNaenwNYoostrrka,nNdYReinhold
Contents:
Asthuebwstetoallxn-ikccenosol.owgny hanadndpbrooopkertthiaest porfonvuidmeseraoubsriheafzsaurmdomuasry of
Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials Report
Author:
N. I. Sax, ed. (bimonthly publication)
Available from: VNaenw NYoosrtkra, nNdYReinhold Company
Contents:
EhMMaauazcatcherhrdbisoaimlfas-notThdneetchehdnlynavtiiracreaopilnsomArfrtseosnpimtsratolatvnheicdefefeeEscDPtdasAettao'asfiSlOseyedsivlteedarmanatdla(cOHohnHeamzMtahirc-edaTolsAu.sDS) and similar sources.
Emergency Action Guides
Authors:
P. C. Conlon and A M. Mason, eds. (1984) .
Available from:
AWB19usa2srso0ehcaiLiunagtSoitotofnrneE,eoxtDfp.NlACo.smW.ive2.er0si0c3a6n Railroads
Contents:
ooPUnfrnotievtheaieddcehhsSaotdzafaetrtetadshi.oeleuds13cd4oammtamaatoenrddiiatslisepsitlhltraratenscspopomonrpsteerdisienbfyoovrrmearialt9ii8onnptherecent
TErmaenrsgpeonrctaytiHonandling of Harardnm Materials in Surface
Author:
P. J. Student, ed. (1981)
Available from:
BAW19usa2srso0ehcaiLiunagtSoitootfnrneE,eoxtDfpN.lACo.smW.ive2,er0si0c3a6n Railroads
Contents:
TPharrozaavnrisddpeoosurstbartmiioeanfte.srpiialll rreesgpuolantseedrbeycotmhemUen.Sd.atDioenpsarfotmr eenatchof
Emergency Response Guidebook
Author:
Materials Transportation Bureau (1987)
Available from:
UAMW(P.tSaaut.etsbenhDlritiicnieaoapglntstaio:orTnntmr,DaDDeMnnOsCtpTToo-2r10fPt15aT5t98ir0o0an0n.s3Bp)uorrteaatuion
Contents:
Asergvuiciedepfeorrsoinnniteial ldaucrtiinognshatozabrdeotuaskemnatbeyriaelmienrcgiednencyts.
Fire Protection Guide on Hazardous Materials
Author:
National Fire Protection Association (1986)
Available from:
NQBaauttitineocrnyya,mlMaFriAcrhe0PP2a2rro6kt9ection Association
Contents:
FPS4(N9olra)loFispdhPMesArPa(t4noNie9uisnF1atMPloAIfo)nfFd3lHea2xm5aMzomafr)adTbHorleuaaszdLaeCriqdNhuoeaiumdmssi,ecCaGLlhaieRqsmeuesiiac,dcasatlisnoFdnDirsVeatoaHlaa(tzNialeFrdPA
APPENDIX
A-5
VGoroluumndewTaTt-erDCeoskntaRmefineraetinocne Response Guide. Volume I: Methodology.
Authors:
J. H, Guswa and W. J. Lyman (1983)
Available from:
SNENP((aupamaosnrrtydkeiiUenoresgngR.rSfeaPii.ntoelduhrlcAgdTbeyei,ler,itcRcViNhtFaelAntJeosiiorpc"ncoaGesnl rsRIoeneufGpnoordumrwitdaaeEtt"eioSr(nL1C-9STo8enR4rt)va-)i8m*c2ei-n3a9t)ion and
Contents:
ccPteuorcnrohrtvneaindmiqteiusnteeaasctnhiuonosnoevdleborygtvyoicehwrienemvvoeiifecswtagilgrsooa. futenedqin-uwciipadmteenertnsht,yodmfrgeotrlohogouydnsda, nwadnadtaer
CDU*No.oSnno.tynaEeimgsniiavPnniuar,obtiJnloirmcn.aeetUnitotnnaadlls.e:PrarlRsEooatmepcceiotrdnigoteAnanisncAsyegaseRsnmreceseyppn.rotondosufecPtCioootnnendotifitaitolhnGes,rroaeup1no9dr8t-3WbyraetAperorSt.to the
Ground-Water Hydrology Workbook
Authors:
E.W. Artiglia and G.R. New (1984)
Available from:
ULB(RarSoebApookFroasrttOoArNcFycoBu.p,8aT4tiX-o1n67a88lE2aQ3n51d1E1DnvGirBo)nmental Health
Contents:
eShnuygdmirnmoelaoergrisyzeiosnfvinoimltvrpeooddrutwcatinothcreytthaoertbiIcRalesPes ibpnrioogegrnroavumirno.dn-wmaetnetral
A-6 APPENDIX
GthueidCelleinanesWEsattaebrliAshcitngATppesetndPirxocAedures For The Analysis of Pollutants Under
Author:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1984)
Available from:
FVOedocletuorbmaleerR42e96g(,i2s1t0e99r8)4:43234
Contents:
Methods for analysis of environmental samples.
55*
Guidelines for the Selection of Chemical Protective nothinp
Authors:
AD. Schwope et al. (1987)
Available from: UW.aSs.hEinngvtiorno,nmD.eCn.tal Protection Agency
Contents:
cDmloeatntheoritnieagslsscewolmietchptiavotanibriiaolinutdys ocuhfseer.mubicbaelsr;apnrdovpidlaessticgucildoethliinnegs for
GSuubidstealninceess fDoirscthhaergUesse of Chemicals in Removing Hazardous
Authors:
C. K. Akers, R. J. Pilie and J. G. Michalovic (1981)
Available from:
UOC(Ei.fSnPfic.AcineEnnRoavfetipirR,ooOenrstmHeNaernoct.halEaPPnrAdo-tD6e0ce0tvi/oe2ln-o8pA1m-g2ee0nn5tc)y
Contents:
Rchhaeezpmaorridctoaulpsraonsvudibdbsetisaonlgocugeiidsc.eallinaegsenotns tthoemuisteigaotfevdairsicohuasrges of
APPENDIX
A-7
Handbook for Evaluating Remedial Action Technology Plans
Authors:
J. Ehrenfeld and J. Bass (1983)
Available from:
UOC(Ei.fnSPfic.AcineEnRnoaveftipir,RooOenrstmHeNaernoct.halEaPPnArdo-t6De0ce0tvi/eo1ln-o8p3Am-g0ee7nn6tc)y
Contents:
Ptercohvnidoelosgiinefsorfomractiloenanounp oovferch5e0mirceamlleyd-ciaolntaacmtiionnated sites.
H(suabntditbleo:okEonfvCirhoenmmiecnatlaPl rBoephearvtyioErsotifmOartigoanniMc Cetohmodpsounds)
Authors:
W. J. Lyman, W. F. Rechl, D. H. Rosenblatt, eds. (1982)
Available from: NMecwGrYawor-kH,ilNl YBook Co.
Contents:
Penrvoivriodnems eensttiamllayt-iiomnpomrteathnotdpsrofoprer(taiensdodfisocrugsasnioicn cohfe)m2i6cals.
Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals. 2nd edition
Author:
K. Verschueren (1983)
Available from: VNaenw NYoosrtkr,anNdYReinhold
Contents:
Pnuromveidreosusdoetragialendicpsruobpsetratnyceasn.d environmental data on
A-8 APPENDIX
Handbook of Teme and Hazardous Chemicals
Author:
M. Sittig (1985)
Available from: NPaorykesRPidugbel,icNatJions
Contents:
wDmiietsahcsuussprseeescs.iaal wemidpehraasnisgeonoftotoxpicioclsogfoyrannudmperrootuesctcivheemicals,
Hazardous Chemicals Data Book. 2nd edition
Author:
G. Weiss, ed. (1986)
Available from: PNaorykesRDidagtea, CNoJrporation
Contents:
RhfMNraeaoazptmtaireorrodn(ids1aa,ul)lctSLCotiaxaHofibnceRoittyroIyaS,fDtoedHartatycata..az)aS(rrhpedlehoaeyuttsessidcCpotrchoehepemcamhirceieacmdalilcbDapyalrtOosappaie(klr1lt9Rir7eeis8sd,)pgoeannsde (2)
Herbicide Handbook. 5th edition
Author:
Weed Science Society of America (1983)
Available from:
W3C0h9eaemWdpeSascitgienCn,lcaIeLrkS6oS1ct8ire2et0eyt of America
Contents:
bPthinieerehrosu,bavsiviuecdi.sioedersse,(,sbP.ae)arnnsedivvciirtoioounxnsfiomceroedmlnoiattgitaoiiclonansflamtopenra,oyppphhceoryytvssiiieeoorslcooofgcouihrctae-moml fao-icunsatsdlehbpeirrobocpihceeidrmeiscal
APPENDIX
A-9
MSpailnluAalssfeosrsmtheentCaonndtrWol aotferHTarzeaartdmouenstMTarteehrniai]gnSpo*ls - VoL 1:
Authors:
K, R. Huibregtse et al. (November 1977)
Available from:
UOC(Ei.fnSPfic.AcineEnRnoaveftipir,RooOernstmHeNaernoct.halEaPPnrAdo-t6De0ce0tvi/oe2ln-o7p7Am-g2ee2nn7ct)y
Contents:
Prthersoopsvoeidniednsitnobgowtthaotesgrpe.inllesraolf ahnadzasrpdeocuifsicmiantfeorrimalsa,tipoanrtoicnularly .
Methods to Treat. Control and Monitor SDled Hazardous Materials
Authors:
R. J. Pilie et al. (1975)
Available from:
EIU(End.dSPius.AosEtnr,RniavNeliprJWoonratmsNteenotT.arlEePPaAtrmo-6tee7nc0tt/2ioR-7ne5s-A-eCagWrecn2hc)yLaboratory
Contents:
mSpeeacsiuarlesstupdluiess moaftsreixleoctfepdocsshiebmleicsaplilslprilelsproesnpsoenmseeasures for 250 hazardous liquids.
NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods. 3rd edition
Author:
Peter M. Eller, ed. (1984)
Available from:
SUWu.Saps.ehrGiinnogtvteoenrndn,emnDte.Cnot.f P2Dr0oi4nc0tu2inmgenOtfsfice
Contents:
iCnodnutsatriniasl shaymgpielninegeannvdiroannmalyentitcaall mmoenthitoodrsinfgo.r use in
A-10 APPENDIX
NIOSH/OSHA Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards
Authors:
F. W. Maclrison et al, eds. (January 1981)
Available from: i WSU(Du.aSpHs.ehHrGiinSnogtvte(eoNnrndnI,eOmnDSte.HnCot.)fP2PDr0uoi4nbc0tlu2iincmagetinOotnfsfiNceo. 81-123)
-i Contents:
ePtiqreuos,vipifdmiresestnitanifdfoo,rramnmadatinopynerOsoonSnHatolAxp-ircreoogltouegclaytit,vecedhceclmoomtihcmainlogdpiartoniepdse.r
PTaotntdyc'solIonedvustrial Hygiene and Toxicology - VoL ZA^C:
Authors:
G.D. Clayton and F.E. Clayton, eds. (1981-1982)
Available from: JNoehwn YWoirlkey, N&YSons
Contents:
Ptorxoivciodleosgyexotfennsuivmeerdoisucsuscshieomn iocaflst.he properties and
Perry's Chemical Engineers Handbook
Authors:
R. H. Perry and D. Green, eds. (1984)
Available from: MNecwGrYawor-kH,ilNl YBook Company
, Contents:
Canodntoaninstheexirtecnosmivpeadtiabtialitoynwtihthe vparroipoeurstimesatoefricahlsemoficals construction (plus numerous other topics).
APPENDIX
A -ll
Pesticide Manual 7th edition
Author:
C. R. Worthing, ed. (1983)
Available from:
BEWrNoitGrischLesAtCeNrrosDhpirPeroWteRct1i3on15CLoPuncil Publications
Contents:
coPhfreopmveiidsctea-sclsoanatbnrdroilemfpirrcoervdoiubeciwatsl.oafgeannatslyusisse,dusaessaacntidvetocxoimcitpyoonefnts
Post Accident Procedures for Chemicals and Propellants
- I1n9t8e2r)im(RReeppoorrttNfoor. AthFeRPPeLri-oTdR8-8/121-/08301)to 3/31/81 (September
- I(nRteepriomrtRNeop.orAtFfRorPLth-eTRP-e8r2io-d0342/)81 to 1/82 (September 1982)
- Guidelines Manual (January 1983) (Report No. AFRPL-TR-82-077)
Authors:
D. K. Shaver et al.
"
Available from:
AAEdiirrwFFaroodrrscceeASRiryosFctkeomertcsePCBrooampsuemlsainond Laboratory California 93523
Contents:
Tpdarhotiaspeirlselaqanutsisreerodiefstsopoefrcemisaplaoninnudtaelsrtoepstsrpotivollisdtihonegf cAihnierfomrFimocaracltseio.anndand
A-12 APPENDIX
Oualitv Criteria for Water
Author:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (July 1976)
Available from:
SUW(Su.tSapos.echrkGiinnoNgtvteoeon.rndn,0em5nD5te.-Cn0ot.0f1P2D-r00oi41nc00tu2i4nm9g-e4nO)tfsfice
. Contents:
y,
cTrhitiesriisa EcoPmAm'sownleyll-rkenfeorwrnedgtuoidaes ttohewa"treerdbqouoakl.i"ty
Reeistrv of Tcnric Effects of Chemical Substances
Authors:
R. L. Tatken and R. J. Lewis, Sr., eds. (June 1983)
Available from:
SUW(Du.SapHs.ehHrGiinSnogtvte[eonNrndIn,OemnDSte.HnCot].f P2PDr0uoi4bnc0ltui2icnmagteinOontfsfi8c3e-107)
_ Contents:
Stouxmicmolaorgiizceasl reexspueltrsimoefnptsrimfoarr.itlyhosuhsoarntd-tseromf chemicals.
;
Standard Methods 15th edition
for
the
Exam
ination
of
Water
and
Wastewater.
Authors:
Arnold Greenberg et al., eds. (1985)
Available from:
A10m15eri1c8atnh PSutrbeleict Health Association Washington, D.C.
Contents:
Methods for analysis of environmental samples.
APPENDIX
A-13
SRuepguplleamtioennst. tFoWDPevCeAlopasmAenmteDndoecdum19e7n2t Hazardous Substances
Author:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (November 1975)
Available from:
UOW.fSafis.cheEinnogvftiorWno,namDte.erCnP.tal2la0nP4nr6ion0tgecatniodnSAtagnednacryds
Contents:
Dpoisllcuutsasnetss.the environmental effects of numerous water
Test Methods for EvaJuatine Solid Wastc-Phvsical Chemical Methods. 3rd edition
Author:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1987)
Available from:
SUu.Sp.erGinotveenrdnemntenotfPDroinctuinmgenOtfsfice W(RaesphoirntgtNono,. DSW.C-.824064)60
Contents:
Methods for analysis of environmental samples.
.
wATLigtehVnsIt-nsTthiennredtshehdeolWCdhoLarinkmciEetsnVvfoiarrloun1em9s8ef7on-rt19Ca8nh8demBiicoallogSiucablstEanxpceossuarnedIPndhiycseicsal
Author:
AHmygeireinciasnts C(1o9n8f7e)rence of Governmental Industrial
Available from:
A6CH5miyn0gec0iireniGncnialasenttnsi,wCOaoynHfAe4rv5ee2n.,1c1eBlodfg.GDo-v5ernmental Industrial
Contents:
Troefhcitosomxbimocoemknldaetetedr(ioearxlsptohinseutrlhaeetelwsimtoivrteksrinfsoigorneaniovrfbiroiotr)nnmeprecenostne.ncetsntrations
A-14 APPENDIX
Toxicology of tbc Eve
Author:
W. M. Grant (1986)
Available from: CSphrairnlgefsieCld.,TIhLomas - Publisher
Contents:
Anunmeexrcoeulslenchtesmouicracles oanfdinofothrmeratsiuobnstoannctehseoenfftehcetseoyfes.
USAF OEHL Recommended Santoline Procedures
Author:
U(JSanAuFarOy c1c9u8p2a)tional and Environmental Health Laboratory
Available from:
BLU(LarSiobmAookirFtasetdOoArcDFycBuisp,traTitbiXount7iao8ln2a)3n5d Environmental Health
Contents:
saOupubptmrlionipsesrsiioanstteaoncfdosallaremdcitpzieoledns sataonmdUpplSirnAegsFeprOrvoaEctieHodnLurtfeeoscrhwnainitqhaulyessis.for
. Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority Pollutants f2 volumes!
Authors:
M. A Callahan et al. (December 1979)
Available from:
WU((EN.aSPsn.AhsEinRnNgvetoiopr.noo,rPntmBDN8.eC0no-.t.2a0El 4PP3Ar7o3-t4e4acn0ti/do4n-P7B9A-80g02e-n92ac0y4a3n8d1)-029b)
Contents:
pInodlliuvtidaunatsl icnhatphteeresnvaidrdornemssentht.e fate of priority
APPENDIX PUERSATFINIENNSTTAALILRAFTOIORNCEREPUSTBOLRICAATTIIOONNSPRFOOGRRTAHME
A -15
PUBLICATION
COMMENT
AFR 161-8
Esusbtastbalnischeess. USAF permissible exposure limits for chemical
AFR 161-17
EPErsntogatibencleitseihorienns,gaU, nISdnAdAFunstOarliyEatlHicHLalygcCoiehnnesmeu,litsOatrncytc.usperavtiiocnesalinHEeanlvthir,oRnmadeinattaioln
AFR 161-44
NcEosanttatiaobmnliasihnl eaPsnrtiUsm.SaArFyForadntrdhineSkemicnoognstwdapartaeyrrt,DstrthainneksdeianrgadrsWeftoahrteecrsoaSmmtamenodanasrdths.e
AFR 19-1
Establishes the USAF Environmental Protection Program.
AFR 19-7
EFEtoonstrgeacnibnevleiiisernhros,entsamtlhlreaeentsitBpoaonilonsep.sniobvlTliiulrhiottiiisneomsnreefmgonurtolanaeltintiEvooinrnrignodingne.mefieenrne,tsaalnthdmeoorntohilteeorsrsionwfgittfhhoerreCAsipivreilct
DEQPPM 80-8 DoD implementation of RCRA
DEOPPM 80-9 dDisopDosgaul iodfanPcCeBonantdhePCprBopiteermhsa.ndling, storage, and
DEQPPM 81-5 DainnosdtDaellvgaatuilioudnaastnecaepnadosntcoDtnhoterDoIlnhmsatazigallrraadttioioounns RmfreoasmtteorrsiaaultcihdonisspiPtoerssoa.glrsaimtestoonidDenotDify
EO 12088
lRtoheceaqlusaiprmoelselufatesidoaenrnaycloonctothrmeorlplsiintaadnnucdseatrrwydistohr(paprpropicvleiadctauebrplaeel rfasenoddne.rsaul,bssttaanteti,aatinvde)
GWMR
Qaancutaialoryntteiscr.alylPmpreuesbtehlnioctdassti,toesncahmonnpiclaignlrgoaurmntidectl-hewsoadoteonrlocmgoyno,ntaaitmnodrinidnaagnttaretirmnatenedsrpipaorlrett,ation.
ERPMC
Eprsotagbralimsh.es the management concept for the IRP Phase n
LEEV LTR Policy letters formulated by USAF HQ/LEEV.
A-16 APPENDIX NCP Ecosntatabmlisihneastiopnroocefdouurresnafotironr.esponse to potential for confirmed
APPENDIX
A-17
APPENDIX 2
U.SI.NASITRAFLOLARTCIEOPNORINETSTSOORFACTOIONNTAPCRTOGFORRAMTHE
MAMWCSAoVraam.Fjs.h/2GmMPi2naea7Irrgt-Qycrt9ioi2acDn9lk:,.7DTV(..2eCF0s.t2in)2k0639360--95209070
-
ODeffpicuetyoffotrhEe nAvsirsiosntamnetnSteacnredtaSrayfeotyf the Air Force
Responsible for overall Air Force 1RP guidance.*
IRP GROUP
ARMeVasjp.2oS9n7cso-i0tbt2le7L5.foSrmIiRthP,
Branch Chief engineering policy
formulation.
AMMRaneVaadsjnp.2IaoRR9gn7eoPs-myi0bi2emlKne7.p5tflSoPeromrlooEegmnnrtavaamintrioo(nnEm.CeAntMalPC),omEnpvliiaronncemeAnstsaelssPmroetnetctainodn Committee,
Col. Raymond A Malinovsky DHBCWohiQarlileseihcfnU,tignoSErgAAntooFivrnfi/rL,FEoEDonnrEmCgciVeenn2eB0tea3ral3isn2eQg-5ua0an0lid0tySDerivviiscieosn
ACaVpt2.9G7-e0r2a7ld5 L. Hromowyk Responsible for spill policy and management information systems.
ARCaeVpspt2.o9nC7sh-i0ba2rle7le5sfoMr .unGdreorogvreorund storage tanks and training.
MARVers.p2Eo9an7rs-li4bE1le7. 4KfonreDelienfegnse Environmental Restoration Program policy.
A-18 APPENDIX
RAMeVrs,p2Jo9enf7fs-ei0br2yl7e5Jf.oSrhTohrtird Party Sites.
BHBACCoiooVQolmlle.in2mnUT9vgehS7irraAA-co1yiFnF7eamr/3BlS:7,eJGn.D(Pt2LaCA0el2w2E)i0sn73,g63Ci72n-h-e16ei7e1r3f8in78g
LARteV.spC2oo9nl7.s-iE1b7dle3w8aforrd
W. Artiglia IPR medical
service
policy
formulation.
CAHTCyooVQnlm.d9mAaF7lreFl0arE-Acn2iSk0aFCl9B:P7/,.R/2(FGD09L90aV8l4l3)a2g24h80e33r--26000917/2098 UEEnnSvgAiirnFoeneEircnisnggiDnaievneirdsiinoSngeravnidcesSeLravbicoersatCoreynter Responsible for IRP engineering research and development.
MAUBCroVSrom.Ao2EmkF4mse0OriA-cl2EeiF1aHlB5Y:8L,.//2T(BT15XaS51l92a7d)8i523365--25105080/2159 SUeSrAviFcesODcciuvpisaiotinonal and Environmental Health Laboratory Technical Responsible for IRP Phase II technical program management.
APPENDIX
A-19
ADACWorAVr.miMgJ7mhe8Rfte5f-rLrP-c2e/aiTy7at0ltH:eW4rAs.(o5Fn1i3sAh)eF2rB5,5-O27H0445433-6573
HDiavrirsyioGn. Armstrong Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory Toxic Hazards
Responsible for IRP health effects research.
CALBUtroVS.omAoC2mkFo4selO0.r-AcE2SiF0atHa6lB:nL3,l/eT(Ey5XC1O2O7.)8H5233e6w5--2i5n00s6030 SEUenSrvAviirFcoensOmDcecinuvtpiasaliotiHnoneaallthanBdraEnncvhironmental Health Laboratory Consultant Responsible for Toxicology Consultant Service.
EMSenaegjiolnraetAeersitirnegCdoaitmniodmnEaonnfdvitrBhoeinome"nWevniortraolldnwmHiedenaelttaLhlisEPtiennrggsiononefneerBls.i"oenvironmental Responsible for implementing IRP policy and management decisions and coordinating with state/local regulatory agencies.
APPENDIX
APPENDIX 3 MATH, CONVERSIONS AND EQUIVALENTS
A-20
Calculation of Air W/V Conversion Factors
One liter of air at 25 C (298.16 K) contains: .0821(1litaetrma)t(ml /lmiteor!)e_)_(2_9_8_._1_6__K_) = 0.040874 moles of gas.
Hence, one liter of air contains: MW x 10-6x 0.040874 grams of a contaminant at 1 ppm.
This is the same as saying 1 m3of air contains: MW x 0.040874 mg of a contaminant at 1 ppm.
For example, chloroform has a MW of 119.39. Thus, 1 ppm = 119.39 x 0.040874 4.88 mg/m3at 25C.
Conversion for Solutes in Water 1 mg/L 1 ppm (by weight).
Conversion of Percent in Food. Water or Air to Parts Per Million X% = X parts per 100 parts X (10*) = ppm.
100
Conversion of Parts Per Million in Food or Water to mg/kg bw/day Since both food intake and body weight vary with age (and some times, with
aftordeooadptmtoinregnwta)a,tseterhtetrooef misstgan/nkodgasrbidnogdvlyealwufaeecsigtohfrot/rdthaeaayt.chpHrsepocewisceeivelysercf,oobrnyvdeaaristlssyupmfoaiorntdgs, p1w0ear0t%emrialalbinosdnorap(iprtipoimnnt)aakinned
A-21 APPENDIX lainmditsa,vteoramgeg/bkogdbyww/deaigyhfto, rontheecsaankecoonfvecrotmapaprpismonds,osage level, within reasonable dietaTryheorforlelsopwirinagtorstyanindtaarkdesbotodyeswtiemigahttesdadnadilyindtaoksee vraaltue:es were used to convert
Species HM1100uos3musaen Rat
lcr*
MlO"o1nkey RIfafb3bit D10ore Guinea pig
Bod(kvgW) eieht
Co(gnF/soduoamdy)Dtion
70 . 700
0.025 3
AWp(ampterLro/xdIianmytaa)tkee MV(moi3nl/umumtiene) 2000 7.4 x 4.5 2.3 x
0.3 15 20 1.0 x
5 250 500 8.6 x
2 60 330 1.1 X
10 250 500 5.2 x
0.5 30 85 1.6 x lO"1
badwu/dltaFymo.roueTxshaeimswpvoaluel,ludeatcwoaansdsuicematlaecruy3lactgoendocfeanfsotrfooadltliopowners:odfay1 oprpm0.1o2f mCgheomficCahleXm,icaa'nl Xav/kergage Intake (mg/kg bw/day) = f(opopdm)coxnslugm/1p0t6iogndi(egt/dxay1)0x00dmietga/rgyxc'4o/nbcwen(tkragt)i.on
Calculation of Respiratory Uptake Uptake (mg) = Crkeontnoecwnetnnio)trnxatftiaiomcnteo(rm(m(gai/snmsuu3t)mexse).m1.i0nuutnelevsosluvmaleue(mis3/min) x
Temperature Conversions Tonhee sfcoarlmeutloasagniovtehnerb.elow were used to convert temperatures from To convert temperatures given in Celsius to Fahrenheit: F = 9/5 (C) + 32 To convert temperatures given in Fahrenheit to Celsius: C = 5/9 ( F - 32)
APPENDIX
A-22
APPENDIX 4
STATE WATER QUALITY AGENCIES AND CONTACTS
Alabama
Arizona
CWMD(12M7he0oa5paa5nt1raen)tlrrgeaD2tosgmDi7mec1Himekve-noi7rienstry8nisn,2otoo3nAnf LEDnrvi3vi6reo1n3m0 ental
D2RP(6Q0heo00opuo25eaam)nlrNii2ttxm3yo5,0r7e0At-nh2tZ3C3o3ef8n5Etr0na0vl4ironmental Dave Woodruff
Alaska Arkansas
AS3BWD(9MC6uinel00aiolpcat71tnheaenA)sorraCes15trghrmQ3a6evSt3g3muoeat4e-nnatr6,eielto5nieAtn2otyt9KfSEecn9tv9ioi5rn0o3nmental Department of Environmental WCWaoasnttseeewrravTtareteriao&tnment Section PJC(9u.hO0na7e.rB)alueo4n,x6e5A0-DK26e5n39y9s811
Arizona PDS2(6Q6ahe05fopue25eaa)nlrDEiit2txrmya5i,sn7etA-kn2MitZ2n1goa4gf8Wn5Eo0anl3itvae4irroUnnmitental
PWDCL(B5.iioeO0ltaplnt1tl.ate)eKrrrBoetR5olmiQ6txoh&2uec-n9ak75tlE,i48toc4Ay3o4fRlDoPgiovy7lils2ui2oti1no9n D4LBD(58oire0t1ibpt1n5la)ekMrWitRn6mag6eoce1scotWn-kn2t,M6aoA2tae3frRrkHhOea7famf2lit2ch0e5
California JSD9(W9eB0ais11vacos6ritaiseca)Priramod3nSR2eLtn2reao-tescfo0oey,2tuW/1FCr2rcaAeetdesr9LCQ5ao8un1Cat4rlaiotrlyo
A-23 California
D2PNB(91ueea15rbpd61klai)inercBlet3emWe2yFr3,ekae-nCt1elteel6Aert7oty0oSf//Wu9(H44pDa7e1paya05lvyl4)tidhB54rSS0apen-ra2cvt1hhi7ce2s Colorado
E9DBSD(3(9uiPeRe0l9inlnAt3eevvW)g1ee8Ri52rrout0,9ehne0Pg3rCi-Slt8o1aOht)n5cree8aele6l88t/0OFW2Tf0MfS2ic--e25S46P045-1586 -ED(RPreiAngkioRinnegg8iW)onaatel rOffice ;DSM9(D3e9ue0an9inr3tvevt)1iee852rrSt09,hw0P3Ci-lSc1aOkt8cre3eer1e88t0W20M2--2D4W05
Connecticut HSWH(12S5tae0aea0nrt3rtterve)WfyriocD5raeSL6dessu6ihp,n-piaC1nkpr2g/TltS5ymtot3eSen0vne6ecSt1ntt0ioro6MefneHetsesaelrth
APPENDIX Connecticut Department of Environmental DQPivruoiastlieiotcnytioonf Environmental JH(12i2ma02r3t)MWfo5rua6drs6,ph-hiC7ny0gT4to9n06S1t0r6eet DDH(R12QP2eiao0vr2uprb3oitaaseW)tfilrreoiot5ttcranmyt6dsHi6,hoeo-anniCf3nrt4tTgEm9otno6favn0nEi6rSn1ot0vnri6mereoetnnmtaelntal Delaware Department of Health Services JDPD(3a.roO0niv2ne.e)krBLi,7noa3gDxn6eE-W6/4R37a7i3t1c1eh9r9a0rOd3ffHicoewell DR8JWPD(3o9.eeoO0hapsv2Ktno.aee)uirrrBnDrt7,gomcQ3aDsxe6veusEi-Hnas14tl4w5i0t9oy1y10.f9S9N0eac3ttuiornal
APPENDIX District of Columbia
J5DW(W2ai0me0naa1p2dts0aeh)CrrRiOont7meQl6vglgi7teueeuor-nran7llatlo3itotD7ooyk0rfCSyACeAvco2tenf0if.so0aunS3irmW2ser W5UD9Sa0ivs0AhisMirinomganytcoAnCrotAhrpqu.rueEBdnluvgcditn. eNerWs D(W2o0an2sah)lid2n8gB2to-e2nh7a4Dv1eCn 20315-0220
Florida 2TTD(9R6wae00lepi4l0ngaa)uhrBTl4taaml8osats7wiieeor-neen1rt,S7st7Foo9BLfn/l(eEd9gn30R.v24oi3)ra9od49n8-m274-e00n50t0a5l John Labie DTT2(B9R6ware00ulepi4l0ngcaa)uehrBTlt4aaDmlo8satsw8eiieeor-nee0nGrt,S7srt8Fooo0BfLnvleeEdgn3R.v2oi3ra9od9n-m24e0n0tal DReepgaurltamtieonnt of Environmental MK2TT(96wai0im0lki4l0neae)hsBTW4al8osase7wiera-ee1tr,Sh7ste6For2BLninledgg3tR.o2on3a/9d9K-2en40t 0
A
Georgia
2SAD(RR40utaee05lipnsa4toedan)Burytua6rt1mtc,50Dle56eeGus8r-nr4Aht7Sa0tom.8,3f 0SN3Ea3t4ural
'
ADD2SE(F4R0uratre05eliesipa4tndtsaen)BkorTtLuiu6a1tnomret50,gwlch66eGeem6re-Wns5rAat6San6tot.0e,3fr0SN3EPa3rt4ougrraalm
Hawaii
HDCSP(8Ba.aeoO0rflpn8vea.aoi)nnrDlBcu5thromM4liux8ne,a-kn32sHia3t2nk73Igo8i5/fTW9Ho6am8eta0el1rAt-hr9i9z8u4mi
M(EDPH8O.neoO0apfvnr8f.iayoi)rcrBloeRu5tnom4lomxu8es,-ene36nHt37Tt7I6ao8e7lfv9PeH6slae8an0ln1t-ihn99g84
A-25 Idaho
3D4AWSr5dede0pmecaFltWifirnlaootsernmotserrteantSittvaeotfePHrSotecraeeledthtur&e BL(2io0li8sNe)e, 3sEm3D4i-t5h85357920
Illinois Division of Environmental ,,5S(B2H2pl15rae7iiannW)lget7hfeiP8se2tald-lJ5m,e8I/f3DLf0earvs6oe2n7A6n1tonazzi 2SBI(2lP2plo1i0rrbn7o0ion)tMigeCs7cfohi8tEeisu2lonhdr-n1vec, rhi6ArE5iolLg4lnemRn6oce2ayn7dt0a6l Environmental Protection R2SD(A2W2poi10vrgga7ii0eenst)niergCocr7fnyShi8eSeu2louldrUbfpc,e7hpPEr2illguLy4lbRl6ico2a7d06
Indiana SDPI(13n3t.rO1ad3i7nti0.ae)knBWiB6ano3pogex3aos-rWtl18ids9M4,a60otI4ie0fcNrhHiSge4eaac6nlt2tih0oS6ntr-1e9et64
APPENDIX Indiana NIWD(1n3M0ee1da5apa7itlaaen)SnrraPo2taguamQ4pert3omuhek-lnae5iesMlt1ni,t1otyeE6rfNiSdEeinca4tvn6iio2rSn0ot4nrmeeetntal DPI(R13nM0uei1d5cbpa7kilaanS)icnraMot2agumW4pietr3omehaa-lnn5tiestMed0n,ra6oteI8SrfNiudEpinap4vnl6yi2rS0oSt4nermceteeitonntal Iowa W9RDDD(50eeee1a0rsps5lrola)EiauMrlcar2teMmosc8tie1nSecs-GntAe8astr8lt,la6eoinsL9ftBdAeNerldaA5gt.0uv3re1a.9l Kansas TNBDF(D9EQouooeo1nruprpnn3bveaeap)aeiklrSorisu8ttaoinfymn6,ineeo2tmetKlf-dhnS9eSeEt3onnBnu6otl6v0rdf6ic/gr(He6.9o2en17S0a3m4el)0cteht2nio9t&an6l-5565
APPENDIX Kentucky
DD1P8iervpRoiasteireoitclnmltyioeonnRftoWaodaf tEernvironmental F(5r0a2n)kfo5r6t4, -K34Y1040601 Robert Ware JDFD(15So8rre0heaipr2nRnnav)kkeriSifcitnolemm5lgrys6tie,4tWnRh-Kt3eoar4aYot1def0rH4S0ee6ac0ltt1ihon
Louisiana 9OBDPQt.aehfOfutpio.aacFnlerBliottoRymooxfroeunW4g4t a0eo,9tef1LrEARnveis7ro0ou8nr0mc4ee-s4n0t9al1 D(5u0g4a)n34S2a-b6i3n6s3
Louisiana JPRDON(5Ha.eoefO0yfopwo4i,sacRm)perBOait5tyom4ora6xl0fl8ees3-an6P5nt0u1s6b0o,30lfiL0cHAHeae7lat0lht1h6&0
A-26
Maine
ASLD(2Ptuoea0rupgt7oeuai)tsrseeHt2tcam8tBo,i9oeue-Mnnr7suet8Eb4oS1eft0aE4tin3o3vn3ir1o7nmental
ASD(E2tuia0vngt7igeus)iisnoHt2ena8eo,9ruoM-isfn3e8gEH2Se6ta0/a(l4t2tih30o37n3)
10 289-5685
Carlton Gardner
TBSA(RD125touuoe0a7xprbg7teieaue)cCarrsouHat2ttlampo8oF,ogi9eutrfiM-onsas5ltHetk3ESe7eoSst8af,trl0aetHS4hteit3tuoa3mnt3ea1n1 Services
Maryland
DEW2A5nea0dpvt0miaerrrioBntnmMrimsoteaerennnantiattnigoogenfmHthewneyt. MB(3a0alr1tiy)mJ6oo3r1eG-,3aM6r0rD3ies 21224
2BZDE(35aone00lrpv1t0aiia)rmrBoI6tosnmr3armo1eeee,-ienn3ntM7itn0ogD2f
the H2w1y2.24
A-27 Massachusetts
PJDB(1W6uroe1Wdospa7yttatieo)nercPnrt2tte,emi9rorP2Mreno-ynS5lAtltD6ur5ioetv5ief0oiEts2ni1no0vCn8ioronoftnrmolental TWWeaecsthetnvriiceQawluaBSlelidtrygv.iCcersiteBrriaanch LWyemstabnorSocuhgoho,l MA 01581 W(50a8rr)e3n66K-i9m1b81all DLWW(6Pye1eremp7sosatta)tbvren2tiocemt9rSwio2oecu-nnh5Bgto7hlod7o,lg0f.MEAnvir0o1n5m81ental
Michigan . D8LPPM(5Rte.aehO1arnep7sms.saFo)oiriBnnlutot3gomro7SB,xcr3eeelMd-ncs31gtt0I9i.o08on224f88N9a0t9ural Gary Boersen JL3PDD(5Ho5.aeiO1h0vnpe7ni0.asas)ilirnBtNoBt3hgnomol3,oxr5eeoMt-n3mhf9t0I2Wk0L1oe36o4far5g8tPea9rnu0b9Sluicpply
APPENDIX Minnesota WPoalltuertioQnuCaloitnytrDoilvAisgioenncy 5S(D62ta.10v2Pi)Ldaau2Mfl9,a6ayM-se7ct2Nth5ew5Ri5tz5o1a5d5 7BEHMD(61unae1i7rvvna2eiilnD)rdtaehoue6anGl2paRmo3rowiaf-els5yiaknHs/3r,tLe5aeAaMa2lrsSl/Hrst(Nthe6yres1easGPe2m5lt)rtu5hoesS46ntt1E2eDt43cit-vi5oi3sni2o5n Mississippi,. PJRDB(6CQa.uaeO0coupnrk1n.eada)satlryoBiru9ttnoomy6R,lxo1eeMf-ne15dPtS013/o7oR8l1fl35ou9Ebt2ieno8rvn9ti-r0So3en8ym5saerntthal JD(LDP6a.eeiO0cvlpk1oi.as)sniroBo9tnMnom6,x0aeoM-yn1f7t7S5W01-o08fa3t9He2re1a5Sl-ut1hp7p0l0y Missouri DJWPW(RC3e.eO1faaoepf4ttsne.aee)ortrrrBrsut7ooomrQP5nlxco1euePl-naCs1l5rutl76ioitt6t2goyiyo6r,fnaSMNmeacOttuiorn6a5l 102
APPENDIX Missouri
JWP(PD3RWeu.eO1fibelpf4ales.lia)tioarecrBsmur7tooDmr5nxPc1Preer-irnCs1n5oit7g3ckit6er3iyona1,fmgMNaOtur6a5l 102 Montana
DWEeanptvaeirrrtomQnumenaetlnitotyaflBHSuecraieelantuhce&s RHC(4ooe0gol6esm)nwa4eA,4ll42M-B02T6l4d0g6.59620
Nebraska State Department of 3LDP(4H0.irO0n1ie2nc.ao)CklBltien4hnon7,gxt1Ne-W9n2E5n5a04ita01e6l7r8M5S0ea9clltioSnouth 3PL(SW4H0t.iO0a1nae2ttc.aee)oClrBtlDe4nhoQn7,ext1puNe-aa9n2Erl5n1it0t8imya066l7eS8nM5etc0at9olilofnSouth
A-28
Nevada
2CSDW(7&0hae01aarp2tsnNae)Sonrrano8ottumPu8nCtr5oheaiB-lntl4lyueFt6,Rlta7loiNloe0lfnsVoSCuStorre8necce9setet7isro1vn0ation
Department of Human 5CLRR(7H0aaeo05rreso2rsoamy)Eoultna8rRhsc18Cote05us3i-Kt4nyDi7d,n5itgNvr0ieVsSeitorne8e9ot7f10
New Hampshire
BHCDSP(6Ce.ooeaO0robnpz3vn.cea)iBtoncrBrer2taoomsd7Dclx,1zSeryD-nNi9u3nvi5tp5Hesvk0pios3ylfiyo0En3&n3v0Pi1roollnumtieonntal
DDHievepiaaslirtothnmSeoenfrtvoicfesPublic
6RC(6Pio0Hcun3hbac)alozirce2rdnd7H1,VD-eN2aar9nHli5tveh1e
Drinking 03301
Water
A-29 New Jersey
TDC4DD(6P0riNae01rvepn9o-inas0i)Etteire2oola6tc9nnmst3J,ti3.oeoN-SnnVf7tJt0aaW2ntoe00afA8tSEe6btrn2rs5veReirteosnomurecnetsal 4TB(DD6PR0arie01vrerep9oinksas)Etoetireooura2tcnnmrs9tHt,ci2oeoeaN-Snnsf5mtJt5aWi5tole/00afG8tSE.e6trnBr2ve5uei-trtCtonNm#e0n2t9al
New Mexico EDS(D15Ba1nai0vn9uvv5i0triisa)rdeioSoa8FntunF2.em.7,SF-Teu2rNnaar8tMgnf2aaucl2cie/seI(/8m5SD7W0tp5er5r0vai)vo3teeev8rPe2m7iQe-er2unc8aet1li4ty DES(E15S1anri0ev9nnv5ci0teist)arsiioSoto8Fntnn2.Cem7,.GF-e2rNRrna9otMen0aubc0lnuisdIc8mkD7Wp5rr0iavo3teverement
APPENDIX New York 5ADBRJ(5CMo0uleo1bhoproaW8anneamn)nasraoyeZu4tgrl,m2a5fev0om7NmeaR1f-ntbY3eoiWtor6naan5otdan61fto2eE,r23nPQ3v.E-iur3.ao5ln0itm8y ental DBAWRD2(5Sulero1Uubepirn8snpaenaat)nkpaeirlvyulidrt4yne,mn5groE8PNseAf-inWrnYt6votyPt7raetu3ieo:Ptnb1ce1flgtrl2aieiHc2ocrS0eneWe3acltatihtoenr North Carolina NWPR(G9.aRrO1ael9tCe.ge)iorgDBr7ho-yQ3,Dx3uTNE-a25hCMl70io6t8ry83p27Se76ec1t1ion Department"of Environmental JHPRD(9He.aieOr1velar9ei.ayls)itligBhtoP7hhnoa3,&xr3&oNk-22fiNCn0P3Eag92uts1n1ub2vrl7iiacr6lo0WnR2m-ea2set0oen9rut1arSlcuepsply
APPENDIX North Dakota
BDPD(17C2.iieOs0v0opm1i0n.as)asirBMoro2tncoml2iikxsd4e,osa-no5f2Ntut5e3WDr2d5oi04faLAtH5eav8rbee5oa.S0rlut2ahp-t5op&5rlyi2e0s Ohio
EAngveirnocnymental Protection DDivriisnikoinngofWPautberlic C(KP168.ou1O0lr4u0.t)mBRW6boi4udax4stee-,n12roO07u4M5h8r2i/ao/Mr(6ka14rD43y)2rCi66v64ae4v-in2115 AAEPQC1(68.nsoguO10slvea4ue0.nils)rmicsBtWoy6ymbno4uamxeMD4stn-e,ei1o2tvrn0On8its4M5iahit86oloianorPriknroog4fDt3e&W2rci6tvai6oetenr
Oklahoma OSERP1t0.nekOa0svlt0ea.ierahBoNrDoncomoehmxrpatea5&hnr3Ctt5EiamSt5layt1ea,sHnntOtde1aaKo0rlttfdhhsH7S3SSet1eaerr5clevt2tehiitcoens (405) 271-7352
A-30 Oregon DPSPRD(5to.reeO0arispt3nto,eal)kaurBinDrtn2omdcgi2xev,9esiWOn2-s5i3toR7a1no8te4fro9Hf7D2uHi0mve7iaasinlothn ED8P(P5Q1odue01rubp3tQalal)Sialcruiontt2aumyWd2nt,he9aOnw-t5etRe2rso7tSf9u96E7pthn2pv0lAyi4rvoen.mental Pennsylvania DPBH(F7RQ.uueaO1eluprr7tsr.eaao)oialrnsBiuubt7tomryu8Bxcor7elMegfd-n2s9,g0Wat6.P6n3oa3Aa7ftgeeErm1n7ve1nir2to0nmental Dermis Lee D2CPESRn.xeEOudepeCps.caSopurlBuDlttiiomreCivxvcseeheisn2seHit3son5onou7uftoseEfSntWrveiaretotenrmental H(7a1r7r)isb7u8r3g-3, 7P9A5 17120
A-31 Rhode Island
J(DPRD4Wureoi0nvopo1aiveamst)ieirdSor2tewnm27nQ0a7ceo9l-uenlf6o,at8wDlRi6otr7yIfi/n(H4k0e0i2na19gl)0th82-7570-937961 Rhode Island
3CPSD(4Ptrae0Calopna1tvaeann)iprotdoa2itnetmt7foni7olBceP-nenlH6rds,to8givRl6o.li7IfdeHn0ec2ae9l0th8-5097 South Carolina
2CB(D8CE6uoe00nolpr3u0nvea)maitrrBru7tboomu3niloal4mle,f-n5SeSWt2ntCr2otaea7ftelet2HrC9e2Poa0nol1ttlhrluotl&io. n DBD2CE6uero0niprlnu0evakmairrBiutnbomungiolaemlf,WnSeSWtntaCrottaeaefterlet2HrCS9e2eSoa0cnult1ttpihroponll&y (803) 734-5310
South Dakota DP5R(W6N2ieoe03aapor5ttrameu)Eerrr,at7ams2Q7Slt13uDe7R-Cna3elta3ispt55ooy7i1uft5or0Wlc1ea-s3te1r81&.
APPENDIX Tennessee DN(PB16HE5huea10nipesr5lhvaea9)aiSvlrrttuiit7hholmml4neo1AmSem,f-nev7oTerEte8nnvN.n8soitc3vNfeir3osHor7ent2ham1l9teh-n5t4&a0l4 DNBH(1o65ueae1f0psra5heWal9)tavrhtuiat7hlmtl4SeeoA1e,ref-nrv3TQvEte1Ni.1nuco1evNafsilo3riPtDor7yutn2ibhv1mCli9isoce-inn5oHtt4nra0eol4allth Texas TJWPA(C5ie.muaO1axps2ta.tie)DistrnBoa4,lWoQv6TxSe3auntX-taa18pelt34rioit07or7y8C5nt87Do7m1iv1mi-s3iis0os8nio7n DDJA(15Ha1eiu1cv0pysk2i0tgas)iiirnSWoet4,hnnm5ueTe8esolXt-tnfz7t44W99o7rt7fa8h/t7(He65Sre16tar5-3le)t1eht49598-7271
APPENDIX Utah
MO2DBS(18HP8a4uib0i8vol6erket1il0aeresl)NLualnitWouotH5adhnir3kooeeto8enrashof-ftrf6eCCkWr1Eiio4tmaynn6t,vmteriUrroeolrTn/Rme8ee4nd1t1a6l -0690 SD2BD(18HW8a4uai0l8v6ernt1ai0aes)tNLalieBtWouora5hlnrak3eSotk8eshoufe-tf6pCP8pEiut4lynyb0,vliiUcroTnm8e4n1t1a6l -0690
Vermont DRWWN(18A0eae0aa3gpst2ttuoeaee)Srnurrraobcrt2lumycQu4terR4ehusy-nea,5Mtsl6iVot3ouyaT8firnScWee0Scsa5ttrti6oee7rne6t 6DDHPB(8O0.ueieO0vpfra2Mif.lalsi)itcinrBahoet8ginomn6tDxo3eonSr-n7if7,tnt0r2EVke2oeinT5nftvgiHr0Woe5na4almt0the2erntal
A-32
Virginia
REDDR(1E80voiie0vc9napo4hignmasG)misirno7otoenM9m8vne26erdeao4r-in,sf5nnst5VgoiWe6roA6faStHetr2ree3aeS2ltut1hp9ply
RW2MO(8R1if0a1caefr4h1tisyce)emeraNR3oroCo6ncerf7ihoddt-n,Eh6/&tR6nVrH9vioAcS9ilahrt/moBaa(8nnr2oi0ldmda3t4oar2e)Adrn3nd0y3tsSar6etl7rs-e0e3t84
Washington
EMOB(2inl0Slylv6miL)LrpoiD7iena5t-m,h131y-eW5/nP9tA5eag3l9gH8y5eJ0ao4lthhnsPornogram
EDOM(2Wdel0Sypa6mRat)PerpaVr4tisma-3cQ1,h8e1-uWn7at0lA8iot5yf
EPrcooglorgaym 98504
A-33
West Virginia
ED1D9ne0ivpv0iairsroKitonmanmneaenwntthaoalf
EHnegailntheering Blvd. East
BC(D3lho0dna4gra).lle3d3s,4toC8Rn-u2o,n9oWt8mz1/VB5o5b425P3a0u5l
JWC(13a2h0na6a4t0reT)lrGea3syRr4tloe8oeen-rsn4,ob0uW0rri2caVersS2Bt5ro3ea1ert1d
Wisconsin
BDPMG(D6RR.uaerO0aeeprvo8dss.eiua)diooasnrBuuuot2doLmrrn6xcoci,6Weneef-nW7ssd9aW9to2MtI2r6eoa1fr5afft5enSN3rat7aag0tneu7mdraaerlndts
APPENDIX Wisconsin BMPSDSD(6RRuu.uueO0alreerpald8fs.sieanav)iooasrBaceuuuo2tenormrn6Sxcoc,W6ceeef-hnW7ss0aW9ut1tMI2ee5oa1tr6aftt5penSN3reat7laagz0nte/u7Jdmroaaehrlndnts MRDP(B6R.uoeO0aeprb8ds.eae)ioasrrBuuo2ttomrn6Kxco,7eef-rnW7s7iWt9l6lI2/5oRa11fto5/e(Nb3r6e7a0Sr0t8tuu7)rp2Bap6all6ny-m22in9s9ter Wyoming RD4CHW(13Qt2oeheh0a2uprbe7tsaayFee)Wclrrrelihottnt7elymQo7nesSr7rteeut-,nia27tBtlWeW50ilsttd8oyheY7gfs.DtSEit8nvr2ives0eiir0too2nnmental
CUMULATIVE INDEX
1-1
INDEX 1
CUMULATIVE CROSS INDEX OF CHEMICAL, COMMON AND TRIVIAL NAMES
oarlphstaTebrheeetoiccoharled;menriustomrfyerchihcaeavmleaicnbadel,eanclopimhganmbooreetnidc.aanl dprterfiivxieasl sniagmniefysiningcpluodseitdionins tihnisaicnhdeemxicisalstnraicmtlye AcSeeteonCehapter 40. ASceeety1le,1n,e2,2te-tTreatcrhalcohrIidoreoethane, Chapter 11. AcSeeteylTenreichtrloicrholeotrhiydleene, Chapter 16. AgSreoete2c,t4-D, Chapter 60. ArSoeceloCrhapter 52. AuSteoemCohtiavpetegras6o5l.ine BBSPee Butyl benzyl phthalate, Chapter 46. BeSnezeenCehapter 18. BeSnezeenCehlcohrloobriednezene, Chapter 24. 1.2S-eeBDein(z2e-entehdyiclhaerxbyolx)pylhicthaaclaidt,e,biCsh(a2p-etethry3lh1.exyl) ester 1.S2-eeBBeuntzyelnbedeniczayrlbpohxythliaclaatcei,d,Cbhuatpytlerph4e6n. ylmethyl ester 1.S2-ee BDein-zne-nbuedtyiclaprbhtohxayllaicte,acCidh,adpitbeurty3l0.ester o-SBeeenzDenieetdhiyclarpbhotxhyalliactea,ciCd,hadpiettehry2l 9e.ster
CUMULATIVE INDEX
1,S2-eBeenDzieentheydlicparhbthoaxlyaltice, aCcihda,pdteierth2y9l. ester
BeSnezeenPohlenol, Chapter 36.
BeSnezeinAutomotive gasoline, Chapter 65.
BeSnezeolBenzene, Chapter 18.
BeSnezeolBeenzene, Chapter 18.
BeSnezeylBbuutytyllbpehntzhyal lapthethalate, Chapter 46.
"
BiSs(e2e-cChhloarpoteetrhy3l3).ether
BiSs(e2e-eDthi(y2lh-eetxhyyll)hpehxtyhla)plahttehalate, Chapter 31.
BrSoemeoCchhlaoprtoemr e4t4h.ane
BuSnekeerFuCelooilils, Chapter 66.
BuSteaeneMdiaoliacthaiocind,,[C(dhiampettehrox50y.phosphinothioyl)-thio]-, diethyl ester
2-SBeuetaMnoentheyl ethyl ketone, Chapter 41.
BuSteyel bCehnazpytlerph4t6h.alate
BuSteyel pDhi-tnh-ablautteyl phthalate, Chapter 30.
CaSrebeolPicheanciodl, Chapter 36.
,,
CUMULATIVE INDEX CaSrebeonCacrhbloornidteetrachloride, Chapter 6. CaSrebeonTedtircahclhorloidroeethylene, Chapter 17. CaSrebeonBeonilzene, Chapter 18. CaSrebeonChteatprtaecrhl6o.ride CaSrebeopMhaolsathion, Chapter 50. CBSeMe Bromochloromethane, Chapter 44. CDSeBeMdibromochloromethane, Chapter 3. ChSleoerdCahnaepter 48. ChSleoerin1a,1t-eDdichhyldorroocehtlhoarnice,etChhearpter 8. ChSleoeroCbheanpzteenre24. ChSleoeroCbhenlozroolbenzene, Chapter 24. ChSleoeroBbrroommoocmhelothroamneethane, Chapter 44. ChSleoeroDdiibbrroommoocmheltohraonmeethane, Chapter 3. ChSleoeroAdripohcleonryl(4110%16,CCl)hapter 52. ChSleoeroAdripohcelonryl (41224%2, CClh)apter 52. ChSleoeroAdripohcelonryl (51425%4, CClh)apter 52.
1-3
ChSleoeroAdripohcclonryl (16206%0, CClh)apter 52. ChSleoeroCehthaapnteer 7. ChSleoeroVeitnhyelncehloride, Chapter 13. ChSleoeroVeitnhyyllecnheloride, Chapter 13. 2-SCeheloBroise(t2h-yclhleotrhoeerthyl)ether, Chapter 33. ChSleoeroCfohrampter 4 2-SCeheloor-oC-lh-hloyrdorpohxeynboeln,zCenheapter 37. ChSleoeroBmreotmhyolchblroormomideethane, Chapter 44. ChSleoeroPpehnetnachlorophenol, Chapter 39. o-SCeheloCrohpahpetenrol37. 2-SCeheloor-oCphhleonroolphenol, Chapter 37. p-SCehelo1r,o4p-hDeinchyllocrholboernidzeene, Chapter 27. ChSleoero1t,h1e,1n-eTrichIoroethane, Chapter 10. ChSreoemSaotdeiuomf sochdraomate, Chapter 53. ChSreoemSicodaicuimd, cdhisroodmiuamte,saClthapter 53.
CUMULATIVE INDEX
CUMULATIVE INDEX ClSoepeheAnroAc6lo0r 1260, Chapter 52. CoSaelenBapenhztheane, Chapter 18. Coal oil See Fuel oils, Chapter 66. CPS-e2e7Chlorobenzene, Chapter 24. CySaeneidCehapter 56. CySaeneidCeyaanniiodne, Chapter 56. CySaeneidCeyiaonnide, Chapter 56. CySceleohLexinadnaen,1e,,2,C3h,4a,5p,t6e-rhe4x7a.chloro-,gamma isomer 2,4S-eDe Chapter 60. DBSePe Di-n-butyl phthalate, Chapter 30. DCSeBe 1,2-Dichlorobenzene, Chapter 25. 1,S1-eDeC1E,1-Dichloroethylene, Chapter 14. DCSeEeEBis(2-chloroethyI)ether, Chapter 33. DCSeMe Methylene chloride, Chapter 1. DSDeDe Chapter 58. DSDeEe Chapter 59.
15
1-6
DDSeTe Chapter 57. DESeHePDi(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, Chapter 31. DESePe Diethyl phthalate, Chapter 29. DiSaemeidHeydrazine, Chapter 55. DiSaemeinHeydrazine, Chapter 55. DiSaezeidCe hapter 51. DiSaezeinConhapter 51. DiSbereomCohcahpltoerrom3.ethane 1,S2-eDeibErtohmyloeentehadniberomide, Chapter 45. DiSbereomCohmapettehran2.e DiSbereomDoibmroonmoocchhlolorroommeetthhaannee, Chapter 3. DiSbeuetyDl-i1-n,2--bbuetnyzlepnhethdaiclaatreb,oxCyhlaatpeter 30. DiSbeuetyDl ip-nh-tbhuatlaytlephthalate, Chapter 30. mS-Deeich1l,o3r-Dobicehnlzoernoebenzene, Chapter 26. o-Dichlorobenzene See 1,2-Dichlorobenzene, Chapter 25.
CUMULATIVE INDEX
CUMULATIVE INDEX p-SDeiech1lo,4r-oDbiecnhzloernoebenzene, Chapter 27. 1.S2-ee DCihchaplotreorb2e5n.zene 1.S3-ee DCihchaplotreorb2e6n.zene 1.S4-ee DCihchaplotreorb2e7n.zene mS-Deeich1l,o3r-oDbicehnlzoorlobenzene, Chapter 26. o-SDeiceh1lo,2ro-Dbiecnhzloolrobenzene, Chapter 25. p-SDeiech1lo,4r-oDbiecnhzloolrobenzene, Chapter 27. DiSceheloCrohclhorlodradneen,eChapter 48. DiScehelor1o,1-,22,,22--dTicehtrlaocrholeotrhoaentehane, Chapter 11. DiSceheloDroDdiDp,heCnhyaldpitcehrlo5r8o.ethane DiScehelorDoDdiEp,heCnhyalpdticehrlo5r9o. ethylene 1.1S-eeDCichhalpotreoret8h. ane 1.S2-ee DCihchaplotreore9th. ane cisS-el,e2-cDisi-clh,2l-oDroicehthloernoeethylene, Chapter 15. trSanees-lt,r2a-Dnsi-clh,2lo-Droicehthloernoeethylene, Chapter 15. 1.S2-ee Dtricahnlso-rl,o2--(DEi)c-heltohreoneethylene, Chapter 15.
1-7
1-8
1.1S-eDeic1h,1lo-Droicehthloernoeethylene, Chapter 14.
1.1S'e-(eDDicDhlEo,roCehthaepnteyrlid5e9n. e)bis(4-chlorobenzene)
Dichloroether See Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether, Chapter 33.
1.1S-eDeicChhloarpoteerth1y4le. ne
cisS-e1e,2-CDhiacphtloerro1e5t.hylene
traSnese-1C,2h-aDpitcehrlo1r5o.ethylene
DiSceheloBroise(t2h-yclhIeothroeerthyl)ether, Chapter 33.
sym-Dichloroethyl ether See Bis(2-chIoroethyl)ether, Chapter 33.
l ,Sl 'e-e(2,D2-DDDic,h]Cohroaepttheryli5d8e.ne)bis(4-chIorobenzene)
DiSceheloMroemthetyhleannee chloride, Chapter 1.
DiScehelor1o,1m-Detihchyllmoreotehtahnaene, Chapter 8.
2,6S-eeDCichhalpotreorp3h8e.nol
2,4S-eDeic2h,4Io-Dro,pChehnaopxteyrac6e0t.ic acid
alpSheae, 1b,e2t-aD-iDchiclholroorporporpoapnaen,eChapter 12.
.
1,2S-eDeicChhloarpotperro1p2a.ne
CUMULATIVE INDEX
CUMULATIVE INDEX 1,2S-eDeicchisl-ol,r2o--D(Zic)h-elothroenetehylene, Chapter 15. DiSceoeto2x,4-D, Chapter 60. DiSeeseelFouilel oils, Chapter 66. DiSeeseelFouilel(loigilhs,t)Chapter 66. DiSeeseelFouilel(moielsd,iuCmh)apter 66. DiSeetheyCl hpahpthtearla2t9e. Diethyl-o-phthalate See Diethyl phthalate, Chapter 29. DiSmeeethXyyllbeennez,eCnehapter 21. DiSmeeethAyclektoentoen, eChapter 40. DiSmeeethNy-lNniittrroossaomdiimneethylamine, Chapter 34. 2,4S-eDeimCehtahpytleprh2e2n.ol 4.6S-ee D2i,m4-eDtihmylepthhyenlpohlenol, Chapter 22. DiSmepeyDlaitaezinon, Chapter 51. DiS-ne-ebuCthyalpptherth3a0la. te 2.6S-ee DCihnaitprtoetrol2u3e.ne DiSoexein2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, Chapter 63.
1-9
MO
DiSpeheenNy-lNniittrroossaomdiipnheenylamine, Chapater 35, DiSpeheenNy-lNNit-rnoistordosipohameniynleamine, Chapter 35. DiS-seeec-Doci(t2y-letphhytlhhaelxaytel)phthalate, Chapter 31. DiSseoediuSmodicuhmrocmhartoemate, Chapter 53. DMSeNe N-Nitrosodimethylamine, Chapter 34. DMSeNe AN-Nitrosodimethylamine, Chapter 34. 2,6S-eDeN2T,6-Dinitrotoluene, Chapter 23. DrSyeecleSatondindgarsdafseotlyvesnotlv, eCnhtapter 67, EBSee Ethyl benzene, Chapter 20. EDSeBe Ethylene Dibromide, Chapter 45. EDSeCe 1,2-Dichloroethane, Chapter 9. EGSee Ethylene glycol, Chapter 43. EGSeMe EMethyl Cellosolve, Chapter 42. EtSheaene1,d2i-cDhilcohrliodreoethane, Chapter 9. 1,2S-eEetfEaathneydleionle glycol, Chapter 43.
CUMULATIVE INDEX
CUMULATIVE INDEX EtSheineyTl rtricichhlolorroiedtehylene, Chapter 16. EtSheyel bCehnazpetneer 20. EtSheyel bEetnhyzol lbenzene, Chapter 20. EtSheyel cChhlolorridoeethane, Chapter 7. EtSheyele1n,e2-cDhilcohrildoreoethane, Chapter 9. EtSheyeleCnehadpitberrom45id. e EtSheyele1n,e2-dDicichhlolorridoeethane, Chapter 9. EtSheyeleCnehagplytecrol43. EtSheyeleMneetghlyycloCl emlleotshoylvl eethe,rChapter 42. EtSheyeleMneetghlyylcoCl emlloonsoolmveethy,lCehthaeprter 42. EtSheyeleTneetrteatcrhalcohrlooertihdyelene, Chapter 17. EtSheyeleTnericthrilcohrlooertihdyelene, Chapter 16. 2-SEetheyDIhie(x2y-elthpyhlthheaxlaytle)phthalate, Chapter 31. EtSheyelid1e,1n-eDcichhlolorirdoeethane, Chapter 8. EtSheyelid1e,1n-eDdicichhlolorroiedtehane, Chapter 8. EtSheyel mMeetthhyyll keethtoynl eketone, Chapter 41.
MI
M2
EtSheyel pDhieththaylaltephthalate, Chapter 29. F Sllee Trichlorofluoromethane, Chapter 5. FeSneoepr2o,4p,5-TP, Chapter 62. FlSueoeroTcarricbholnor1o1fluoromethane, Chapter 5. FlSueoeroBcarrobmoonch1l0o1r1omethane, Chapter 44. FlSueoeroTchrilcohrloofroonfnluoromethane, Chapter 5. FlSueoeroTtrriicchhlloorroomfluetohraonmeethane, Chapter 5. FoSremeylCthrliocrholoforridme, Chapter 4. FoSrereon2,4,5-T, Chapter 61. FrSeeoen T1r1ichlorofluoromethane, Chapter 5. FuSeeleoCilshapter 66. GaSmeemLai-nbdeannzee,neChhaexpatecrhl4o7r.ide GaSmeemLa-inBdHaCne, Chapter 47. GaSmeemLa-iHndCaFnIe, Chapter 47. GlSyeceolEatlhcyolheonle glycol 43.
CUMULATIVE INDEX
CUMULATIVE INDEX GlSyeceolEdtihbyrloemneiddeibromide, Chapter 45. GlSyeceol1d,2ic-hDliocrhidloeroethane, Chapter 9. HSomeeeFhueealtionigls,oiCl hapter 66. HySdereauClihcapfltueird 68. HySdereazCinheapter 55. HSydereazHinyed,raaznihnyed, rCouhsapter 55. HySdereazHinyedrbaazsinee, Chapter 55. HySdereocChhlolorricoeetthhaenre, Chapter 7. HySdereocCyyaannicidae,cidC,hiaopnter 56. HSydereoPxyhbeennozle, nCehapter 36. 2-SHeyedroo-xCyhclholroorpohbeennozel,neChapter 37 1-SHeyedr2o,4xy-D-2i,m4-edtihmyelpthhyelnoble,nCzehnaepter 22 JeStefeueJlP4-4, Chapter 64. JPS-1ee Fuel oils, Chapter 66. JPS-e4e Chapter 64.
M3
1-14 KSereoeseFnueel oils. Chapter 66. Levoxine See Hydrazine, Chapter 55. LiSnedeanCehapter 47. MSaelaethCiohnapter 50. MSCeBe 1,3-Dichlorobenzene, Chapter 26. MSEeKe Methyl ethyl ketone, Chapter 41. MSeetheaMneetdhicyhlelnoreidcehloride, Chapter 1. MSeetheaCneartbeotnractehtlroarcidheloride, Chapter 6. MSeetheaCnehltorriocfholromrid, eChapter 4. 2-SMeeethMoxetyheythl aCneolllosolve, Chapter 42. MSeteheylAacceetotanle, Chapter 40. MSeteheylMaectehtyolneethyl ketone, Chapter 41. MSeetheyTl boleunezneen,eChapter 19. MSeteheylTobleuneznoel, Chapter 19 MSeteheylCChaeplltoesrol4v2e
CUMULATIVE INDEX
CUMULATIVE INDEX MSeteheyl1,c1h,1lo-Trorfiocrhmloroethane, Chapter 10. 2-Methyl-1,3-dim'trobenzene See 2,6-Dinitrotoluene, Chapter 23. MSeetheyMleneethbyilcehnleorcihdleoride, Chapter 1. MSeetheyDleinberobmroommiedtehane, Chapter 2. MSeetheyClehnaepctehrlo1r.ide MSeetheyBlernoemcohclholroorbormometihdaene, Chapter 44. MSeetheyDleinberodmibormometihdaen,e, Chapter 2. MSeetheyMleneethdyilcehnleorcihdleoride, Chapter 1. MSeteheylCehtahpytlerke4t1o.ne MSeteheylMgeltyhcyoll Cellosolve , Chapter 42. MSeetheylAkceettoonnee, Chapter 40. N-SMeeetNhy-lN-nit-rnoistorodsimometehtyhlaanmaimnein,eChapter 34. MSeteheylCthrliocrholfoorridme, Chapter 4. MSineeeraClhbaapsteercr6a9n.kcase oil MSineeeraSltosdpdiraitrsd solvent, Chapter 67. MSoeneocChhlolorroobbeennzzeennee, Chapter 24.
1-15
1-16 CUMULATIVE INDEX
MSoeneocDhilborroodmibocrhomloroommeeththaannee, Chapter 3. MSoeneocChhlolororoetehthaannee, Chapter 7. MSoethe Nbaalplshthalene, Chapter 32. MSoetoerAsupitroimtsotive gasoline, Chapter 65. MSuerieatCichelothroeerthane, Chapter 7. NaSpehethCahlaepnteer 32. NaSpehethNeanpehthalene, Chapter 32. NaSveye sFpueceilaolilfsu,elCohialpter 66. NDSePeAN-Nitrosodiphenylamine, Chapter 35. N-SNeietrCoshoadpimtereth34y.lamine N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
See Chapter 35. N-SNeietrNos-oN-int-rpohsoedniyplhanenilyinlaemine, Chapter 35. N-SNeietrNos-oN-iNtr-opshoedniyplh-beneynlzaemnainmei,nCehapter 35. ml,2Se,t4eh,e5a,nC6o,h7-1l,o8Hr,8d--iaOnndcete,anCcehhlaoprote-r2,34,83.a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-4,7' OSDeBe 1,2-Dichlorobenzene, Chapter 25.
CUMULATIVE INDEX 0p,hS0o-esDepiheDtoihrayozlti-hn0io-o(na6t-em, eCthhaypl-t2e-r(l5-m1.ethyethy])-4-pyrimidinyI) 1,1See'-OBxisy(b2-isc(h2l-ocrholeotrhoy)-l)eetthhaenre, Chapter 33. PaSreaedi1c,h4l-oDroicbhelnozreonbeenzene, Chapter 27. PCSBee Aroclor, Chapter 52. PCSEee Tetrachloroethylene, Chapter 17. PCSPee Pentachlorophenol, Chapter 39. PDSBee 1,4-Dichlorobenzene, Chapter 27 PeSnecehlPoernoltachlorophenol, Chapter 39 PeSnetea Pentachlorophenol, Chapter 39 PeSneteacPhelonrtaocphhleonraotpehenol, Chapter 39. PeSneteacChhloarpotpehre3n9ol PeSrece Tetrachloroethylene, Chapter 17. PeSrecehlToreotreathchenloeroethylene, Chapter 17. PeSrecehlToreotreathchylleonroeethylene, Chapter 17. PeSrecehloCraormboenthtaentreachloride, Chapter 6.
1-17
1-18
PeSremeaEnethntylaenneti-gfrlyeceozle, Chapter 43 _ PeStreoel Automotive gasoline, Chapter 65. PhSeeneicPahceindol, Chapter 36. PhSeeneocAlorcreDloPr6 1260, Chapter 52. PhSeeneolChapter 36. PhSeeneox2,4-D, Chapter 60. PhSeeneylCchhlloorroidbeenzene, Chapter 24. mS-Peheen1,y3l-eDneichdliochrolobreindzeene, Chapter 26. PhSeeneylEetthhyalnebenzene, Chapter 20. PhSeeneylBheyndzreindee, Chapter 18. PhSeeneylPhhyednrool,xiCdehapter 36. PhSeeneylPicheanciodl, Chapter 36. PhSeeneylTmoeltuheannee, Chapter 19. PhSoesephTorrii-co-carceids,yltrpisho(s2p-mhaetteh,ylCphhaepntyelr) e4s9t.er PhStehealBicuatyclidb,ebnuztyyll pbhetnhzayllatees,teCrhapter 46.
CUMULATIVE INDEX
\
CUMULATIVE INDEX
PhStehealDici-anc-ibdu, tdyilbpuhtytlhaelsateter, Chapter 30, PhStehealiDcieatchidy,l dpihetthhayllaetes,teCrhapter 29. PhStehealDici(a2c-iedt,hdylihocetxyyll)epshtetrhalate, Chapter 31. 2-SPereopAanceotnoene, Chapter 40. PrSoepeelTlarnitch1l1orofluoromethane, Chapter 5. PrSoepeyl1en,2e-Dcihclholroirdoepropane, Chapter 12. PrSoepeyl1e,n2e-Ddiicchhlloorroidperopane, Chapter 12. PySreoeacAetciectoancied, Chapter 40. PySreoeacAetciectoenthee,rChapter 40. PySreoebeBneznozl ene, Chapter 18. RSllee Trichlorofluoromethane, Chapter 5. RaSnegeeFouiell oils, Chapter 66. RCSeReADWibraosmteoNmuemthbaenre,UC0h68apter 2. RCSeReA2,W6-DasitcehlNoruompbheernoUl,08C2hapter 38. ReSfereigeTrrainchtlo11rofluoromethane, Chapter 5.
1-19
1-20 ReSseideuFaul eflueolilso,ilCNhoa.pt2er 66. ReSseideuFaul eflueolilso,ilCNhoa.pt4er 66. ReSseideuFaul eflueolilso,ilCNhoa.pt5er 66. ReSseideuFaul eflueolilso,ilCNhoa.pt6er 66. SiSlveeex 2,4,5-TP, Chapter 62. SoSdeiue mChcahprtoemr a5t3e. SoSlveeenSttondadpahrthdasolvent, Chapter 67. StSodeedaCrdhaspotlevren6t7. SySneteheCtihcacprtaenrk7c0a.se oil 2,4S,e5e-TChapter 61. TaSreecaNmapphhotrhalene, Chapter 32. TCSBee 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene, Chapter 28. 2,3S,e7e,82-T,3C,7D,8D-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, Chapter 63. TCSeEe Trichloroethylene, Chapter 16. TDSeEe DDD, Chapter 58. TESLee Tetraethyl lead, Chapter 54.
CUMULATIVE INDEX
CUMULATIVE INDEX TeStereacChlaorrboocnartbeotnrachloride, Chapter 6. 2.3.7.8- Tetrachlorodibenzo(b,e)(1,4)dioxin See 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, Chapter 63. 2.3S.e7e.8-ChTapetterrac6h3l.orodibenzo-p-dioxin TeStereacDhlDorDodCiphhaepntyelret5h8a.ne TeStereach1,l1o,r2o,2et-Thaentreachloroethane, Chapter 11. 1,1S,e2e,2,C-Theatprtaecrh1lo1r.oethane sySme-eTe1t,r1a,2c,h2l-oTreotertahcahnleoroethane, Chapter 11. TeStereacThleotrraocehthloernoeethylene, Chapter 17. TeStereacChlhoarpoteetrhy1l7e.ne TeStereacChlaorrboomnettehtarnaechloride, Chapter 6. TeStreaeetChhyalplteeard54. TeSteraeetTheytlrapeltuhmylbalenaed, Chapter 54, TOSeCePTri-o-cresyl phosphate, Chapter 49. ToSleueenCehapter 19. ToSleueolToluene, Chapter 19. TOSeTePTri-o-cresyl phosphate, Chapter 49.
1-21
-22 CUMULATIVE INDEX 2,4S,e5e-TCPhapter 62. TrSiee Trichloroethylene, Chapter 16. 1.2S.e4e- CThraipchtelror2o8b.enzene unSseyem-1T,2r,i4c-hTlorircohbleonrozebneenzene, Chapter 28. 1.2S.e4e- 1T,2r,4ic-hTlroircohbloenrozbolenzene, Chapter 28. 1.1.1- Trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane See DDT, Chapter 57. TrSiechelo1r,1o,e1t-hTarniechloroethane, Chapter 10. alpSheea-T1,r1i,c1h-lTorriocehtlhoarnoeethane, Chapter 10. 1.S1.e1e- CThraipchtelror1o0e.thane TrSiceheloTrroicehthloernoeethylene, Chapter 16. TrSiceheloCrhoaepthteyrlen16e. 1.1- (2,2,2-Trichloroethylidene)bis(4-chlorobenzene) See DDT, Chapter 57. TrSiceheloCrhoaflputoerro5m. ethane TrSiceheloCrholmoreothfoarnme, Chapter 4. 2.4.5- Trichlorophenoxy acetic acid See 2,4,5-T, Chapter 61, AlSpehea-2(,24,,45,-5T-tPr,icChlhoarpotpehre6n2o.xy)propanoic acid
CUMULATIVE INDEX 2-S(2e,e4,52-,4T,r5i-cThPlo,rCophhaepnteorxy6)2p.ropanoic acid TrSi-eoe-cCrehsaypl tperho4s9p.hate TrSi-eoe-tTolryil-op-chroesspyhl aptheosphate, Chapter 49. VCSee Vinyl chloride, Chapter 13. VCSeMe Vinyl chloride, Chapter 13. VSDeCe 1,1-DichIoroethylene, Chapter 14. ViSneyel cChhloarpitdeer 13. ViSneyelid1i,n1e-Ddiicchhlloorroideethylene, Chapter 14. WSheieteSstpoidridtasrd solvent, Chapter 67. WSheitee Ntaarphthalene, Chapter 32. XySleeeneChapter 21. mS-Xeeyle2n,4o-lDimethylphenol, Chapter 22. 2,4S-eXey2le,4n-oDl imethylphenol, Chapter 22. XySleoel Xylene, Chapter 21.
1-23
! I I
I
CUMULATIVE INDEX
1-24
INDEX 2 MOLECULAR FORMULA INDEX The arrangement used in this index CisjHbyasEedlemonentth,e general molecular formula: wckonhmoewrpeonutmnhdoesl.eocruOdlraegrrafnooifrcmselulaelcmakseinnagrtsehyliisdstreaodlgpehantabatreheteicliaesnlt.eddoIbfneotfrhogreaeninaicdnseyxpC. rHec'se.deCocmarpboounn-dcosnwtaitihnoinugt CrO, 2SNoadium chromate. See Chapter 53. H<N2 Hydrazine. See Chapter 55. CC13F Trichlorofluoromethane. See Chapter 5.
CC1, Carbon tetrachloride. See Chapter 6. CN Cyanide. See Chapter 56. CHBr2CDl ibromochloromethane. See Chapter 3. CHC13 Chloroform. See Chapter 4. CH2BrCBl romochloromethane. See Chapter 44. CH2Br2Dibromomethane. See Chapter 2. CH2C12Methylene chloride. See Chapter 1. C,CI2 Tetrachloroethylene. See Chapter 17.
1-25 CUMULATIVE INDEX CjHCl, Trichloroethylene. See Chapter 16. QH2C],tc11ri..s2a1---nl,s2--DDlD,2iicci-cDhhhllioolcorrhrooloeoeettrhhtohyyeyllteelhennyneele.,e.nmeS.iSexeeeSedCeCiehshoaCamphpteeatrrepsrt.1e41rS5. .1e5e. Chapter 15. QH2C1<1.1.2.2- Tetrachloroethane. See Chapter 11. QHjCl Vinyl chloride. See Chapter 13. QH3CI31.1.1- Trichloroethane. See Chapter 10. C,H4Br2Ethylene dibromide. See Chapter 45. CjH^Clj 11..12-- DiDchiclhorlooreotehtahnaen.e.SeSeeeChCahpatperter9.8. CjHjCl Chloroethane. See Chapter 7. CjHiNjON-Nitrosodimethylamine. See Chapter 34. Qh a Ethylene glycol. See Chapter 43. 011*0,1.2- Dichloropropane. See Chapter 12. C,H,0 Acetone. See Chapter 40.
Q H A Methyl Cellosolve. See Chapter 42. C.HbCIjOBis(2-chloroethyI)ether. See Chapter 33.
CUMULATIVE INDEX CH*0 Methyl ethyl ketone. See Chapter 41. QHC1S0Pentachlorophenol, See Chapter 39. QHjCIj1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene. See Chapter 28. CtH A 111...243--- DDDiiiccchhhJllooorrrooobbbeeennnzzzeeennneee... SSSeeeeee CCChhhaaapppttteeerrr 222765... QH4C1220.6- Dichlorophenol. See Chapter 38. QHSC1 Chlorobenzene. See Chapter 24. QHjClOo-Chlorophenol. See Chapter 37. QH* Benzene, See Chapter 18. Q H A Lindane. See Chapter 47. C(H,0 Phenol. See Chapter 36.
c,HNA2.6- Dinitrotoluene. See Chapter 23. QH8 Toluene. See Chapter 19. CsHjC1320,43,5-T. See Chapter 61. QH.Cl.O2.4, - D. See Chapter 60.
oE-tXhyyllebneen. zeSneee. CSheaeptCerha2p1t.er 20.
1-26
1-27 CUMULATIVE INDEX pXm-y-XXleyynlleeensn,ee.m. iSxSeeeede.CChShaeapeptteCerrh2a21p1.t.er 21.
C*H10O 2,4-Dimethylphenol. See Chapter 22. CjIijoPbTetraethyl lead. See Chapter 54.
C vH tQ jO2,4j ,5-TP. See Chapter. 62.
C10H*Cle Chlordane. See Chapter 48.
C^gHg Naphthalene. See Chapter 32.
.
Ci*HwOMJ>aSl2athion. See Chapter 50.
CUH4C1420,32,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. See Chapter 63.
CuH^NNp-Nitrosodiphenylamine. See Chapter 35.
CuHi40 D4iethyl phthalate. See Chapter 29.
C^N jODjiaPzSinon See Chapter 51.
c 14h 8ci4DDE. See Chapter 59.
C14H,C13DDT. See Chapter 57.
C.4H10C1D4DD. See Chapter 58.
C16Ha0 D4i-n-butyl phthalate. See Chapter 30.
CUMULATIVE INDEX
c19h soB4utyl benzyl phthalate. See Chapter 46. CaHjATPri-o-cresyl phosphate. See Chapter 49. c a o D, i(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate. See Chapter 31.
Molecular Formula Unknown Aroclor congeners
See Chapter 52. AuSteoemCohtiavpetegras6o5l.ine FuSeeleoCilshapter 66. HySdereauClihcapfltueird 68. JP-4 See Chapter 64. MSineeeraClhbaapsteercr6a9n.kcase oil StSodeedaCrdhaspotlevren6t7. SySneteheCtihcacprtaenrk7c0a.se oil
1-28
I I
CUMULATIVE INDEX
INDEX 3 CAS NUMBER INDEX
CAS Number See Chapter
99997788888899977777777777566677777755555553755456714458914558893757122488247067----------------------------------------57854939327007636693680530659045877221760267705474341809455597100565003495932466--------------------------------------1512516375335847634456322083982628993559
57 44345555411642746974080688 445111851194342 634333366222311115752689209016
CAS Number See Chapte
100-41-4 887811533560011117111111111111110111734430005255720001200145020000403010362462180588917788731566066766--------------------------549--6754420684251388412998376204092338191020111088648105051370166------------------------------11121523450723283344459372799676 56661118388211445460076597796937466-----38362011290101-------1352942
656665665556225552244234332552222111113172616335269226631513615386557462027509
1-29
1-30
No CAS Number Assigned: MISHPyyin-nd4terhareautlliiccbacfrslueaindckrcaanskecoaisle oil SSSSeeeeeeee CCCChhhhaaaapppptttteeeerrrr 66678490
CUMULATIVE INDEX
Abstr`Nacutms eSreircvicdeeswighniacthiounniqausseilgyneiddenbtiyfietshea sApemceifriiccacnhemCihceaml iccoaml pSooucnide.ty's Chemical
CUMULATIVE INDEX
INDEX 4 NIOSH NUMBER INDEX
JAHHNAACCCCDDEFGGG1KKCF0JGSLJZZIGZZAPLHHCZBVYS09O89634447048152034697214145459S1501897291845210070095070705H050052720005059000500050005550000000000000000000000000N0000000000000000000000000000u0000000000000mber KKKKKKKKKKKIIJILIVVUJN80002350999551793783462770727760255505555005000000000000000000000000000000000 LKKKKKLMXSWXVVXU83499392735448591052550750020005500000000000000000000000
1-31 S26462223626544245316417133774656554006088ee Chapter 43551111198323178550 6645511153569567
-32 PPTTTTTTNMOPPPPSSSTTTTTTQSJKMKAATBBFAADQSHPQOIIIQJAW311O08304696828750191533109l87351853076323S69333052352762220552655558965H1050605505550005000002006500020000000000000000501000000000N0000000000000000000000000000000000000u0000000000mber TVXYUWWXZXZSZFETJM589782812620589195226242020550155050000000000000000000000000000 ZZZZZEEEEE22252246617520905500000000000000000
CUMULATIVE INDEX 4S56466ee Chanter 34333345432325118279968609 55535551222246 6565222222211111111273602249
CUMULATIVE INDEX
1-33
No NIOSH Number Assigned: JMHSPyyin-nd4terhraeautlliiccbacfrslueaindckrcaanskecoaisle oil SSSSeeeeeeee CChhaaCCpphhtteeaarrpptt67ee90rr66*84 palupbhlai*sbAheeutdincaibqlyluyethtoneienNaeac-phtioossnuiatbilostnIannastcciectueisntseitofhnoernROuemcgcibusetprray(titoowfnoTalloexStitacefreEstyfafneacdntdsseoHvfeenCalhtnheumm(iRcearealfelSsr)uebansscsteaign4nc7ee)ds.
CUMULATIVE INDEX
INDEX 5 QUICK INDEX
1-34
CHEMICAL
VOLUME.CHAPTER-PAGE
2DDDCCC2DDDBCD111AAAAAABBBDCCCCCO1111111,,....,.....I16I22UI212234YYY4YRD2IRRRRUAHIDIHH-HECEDSBCA--B----------TAAAAOROOOTNOETLDDLN(LLETRHZR-2DYOOBNNNNO-CDCCCIDDMDDODDDDDOHZT-OIBLOCCLOIIIINMRLILLLRIIIIIIII....IYROREUM.ODDDDO...CCCHCCCCCCCH.M...ONOOOOOD....LOBOTO.NEEEER...NHHCHHHHHHHOHL.L...RFRRRNA.O...EYT.ETOB...ELLHELOOLLLPLCLL.LO...((((N.N...EIL.ETCNEOO.P..HKOOOH1.OOOO.111OHRL.RV...R..E.Z...T2.220..HTHNa.N...RR.RRR.RRO.PORRTR.EOLCCM...6541.Y..C.H....R..)E.ZAH0...O426OO.OOOOO..HOOOE.RP....NNL.N...G...AN...A..E...TNE.TEE.EE.HPER..BBBAO..........)....)).....A.O...N...CN.HP.T...R.HTTTTE.T...EE.OE......E..L....M...............S.H....L..E..H..HEHHHH.AOH......NN.Y.N.......N.M.A.........O.................E..T..........YL.AA....YY.ZZ.LLPY.Z.........O....T............L.E.......H....T..........A...A...L.)EENNE.LLO....L................EL........IET............H.....A........E.T..NNN.N..EE..NEEE...........R............TH........................L.....NE..A....NN..EENE..EE....................I..H............A............A........E.....D...NEE...E.............................E........N................T................E....E...............................R...............(((E............E..........................M............T......C.....................................................................................................R..........I..............I...........................................X...........................S...........................A.......................................................T..................).........................................................N.......................U.........................................................................................................S...R................................................................................................)................E.......................................................................................................).................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................'......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................!..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................1111.......4444:44:243233234234333::1131322223111119832::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::-6555--55532135434-76464555542322211111511110879--66746-836804562222098265457551111---------------------------------111111111111111111111111111111111
1-35 CUMULATIVE INDEX
QUICK INDEX (ConL)
CHEMICAL
VOLUMRCHAPTER-PAGE
J22EEHLMMMMMNNPSS2TEDFFFFHNPS2TT1..,,Y,TOEPUUUUTTITEE-4AHI-463O1YYEEEIANNN(.--ON,N,NHHHEEDEE-TT52P27DDDDTTTELILID4--TT,LLLLD,EHIRRYYYTTHHEH2ERR8INU.AUAHAM.R-D-RLRALTALNT.AYAYYOOTOOTT.METNOCEA.HEOAEOEHICE.LULLEZIIEIIB.HENTTHLLLLNN.LLRTASSTHYTE.ILTCE.R.ICEIESSNSSO.OLEE..HDLHRLCN.IR.OL.BON.H.T.O.CE.E.DD..EH4.26AYE..Y1AOA..DGN...HTZS..RC.LR..IIN..C.EL.S.LCF.I.RLMPO........O.YCE.R..O.L...O...B.EE...XHL......P..HHYL...O.....L...LA.N..HELRO.......P.M...YEHL........C.EL.U.CU.....E...NT..H.EOV.......L.SKA..OL..E........NO.OA.E.R.T...H..K..I...E.O...MO...E)D....RN....EN..Y.LDA.R.T..PH......Y.CN...........LN.OR..O.I.E..L.H..T.NO.E.......A.LY...OD............V...ETAI...L.....K.OT......DA..S.......L.E...DL............T.E....M.....H.......E.C.....IM..N.......E.........E.........H..B.................A..A....I.......N........E.O....I..........E....N.A.....................LNS..................E........I.......N...........NE..E..........A.....L...E....................................Z.......E................T.................O.....................O.......................E............................................................-I....................................P............L.................................................-.....................................D...............................................................................I........................................O........................................................................................X.....................;..................................................I......................................N.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................442334222443434444432:3:2323243221166:::::::::*:::::::::::::::::::::2246324665644666533319671543365112056136356-87174-35967-3044221019111------------------------------111111111111111111111111111111 VXTTT211..,RRRI421YN..,III541L-CCY---OTHEHL-RTTCLNLCIRPROOCEHIERRHC.L..SO.O.HL..OY...EF.OL..LR..LT..OR..I..UHP.DO.R...HR.YE..EO...OO.L.T.B...EMS.H...E...PN...A..EN...H.E...NT..Z...A....HEE......T....NA....E........EN................E....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23241111::::::2254611118-923601-------1111111