Document 2B5D99Gek7Z7v5JyyRdX26rL

AAAKBPXLH ^jgi-'SBSMaw A L B A T E X -- Substitute for Zinc Oxide. A L U M IN U M SILICATE-- Natural, High and Low Alumina. A L U M IN U M STEARATE-- High, Medium and Low Gel. ASBESTOS-- Shorts, Fibre, Powdered. ATO M ITE-- Natural Calcium Carbonate, Wet Ground. A Q U A LIN E BLUE BARIUM CARBONATE-Precipitated. BAR IU M SULFATE-- Natural, Precipitated, BARIUM STEARATE BARYTES-- O ff Color, Prime White Water Floated. nDi *ct .rist iAuLr mi i ticf -- Wvoitct iay, nvAyt lk/ , rI uf.gn1 anai t low G el. Powdered, Granular. BLACKS-- Lamp, Mineral, Oxide. B L A N C FIXE-- By-Product, Direct Process. BLUE-- Phthalocyanine, Ultramarine, CALCITE-- Powdered, Granular. C A L C IU M C A R B O N A T E -- Natural, Precipi tated, Commercial, Technical, U.S.P. CALCIUM HYDROXIDE-Powdered. CALCIUM O X ID E CALCIUM STEARATE C A L C IU M SULFATE-Anhydrous, Natural. C H A L K -- Lump, Pellets, Prepared, Cliffstone, Whiting, Precipitated, U.S.P., French. C L A Y S -- Colloidal, English, Domestic, Ball, Modeling, China. " CLIFFSTONE WHITING -- Dry and Wet Ground. C O LO R S -- Natural Earth, La-Micron. COSMETIC C O LO R S-- Certified D & C, Lo- Micron. CROCUS MARTIS-- Venetian Red. CHROM IUM OXIDE GREEN C R A Y O N S -- "Clover" Brand, Metal Workers. C Y C L O N O X -- Polishing Abrasive. DENTAL PLASTER DIATOMACEOUS EARTH-- Natural Pow dered. F / " ` | f, ,cl, La-Micron! FELDSPAR-- Powdered, Graded. FIBROUS T A L C -- Powdered, Lo-Micron. FILTER AIDS-- Fullers Earth, Talc, Magnesia Carbonate, Pumice, Quartz, FILTERING EA R T H S -C lays, Fullers Earth; FLINT-- Powdered, Graded. FLUORSPAR-Powdered, Graded. F O R M A L D E H Y D E DUST-- Agricultural. FOSSIL FLOUR-- Infusorial Earth, Diatoma* ceous Earth, Kieselguhr. FULLERS EARTH---Powdered, Granular. FUSE FILLER-- Pellets, GRAPHITE-- Powdered. G R O U N D G L A S S -- Powdered, Graded. G Y P S U M -- Terra Alba, Powdered. H YD R ATED LIME-- Powdered, High Calcium.. H Y D R O M A G M A -- Base' Material for -Milk of Magnesia. IN FUSO RIAL EARTH-- Natural, Powdered. IRON O X ID E -R e d , Bfack, Yellow. K A O L IN -- Washed, Colloidal, A ir Floated. Lo-Micron, Lump, Powdered. KIESELGUHR-- Natural, Powdered. LESAMITE-- Controlled Particle Size Cal-, 'cium Carbonate. LIM E-- Powdered, Lump, Vienna. LIMESTONE-- Ground, Agricultural, Graded. M A G N E S IU M C A R B O N A T E -L ig h t, Heavy, U.S.P., Technical. M A G N ES IU M HYDROXIDE-- Medical, Pow dered, Paste. M A G N E S IU M O X ID E-Lig h t, Heavy, U.S.P., Technical. M A G N E S IU M SILICATE-Lo-Micron, U.S.P., Ground, Fibrous. M A G N ESIT E-Pow dered. M A G N E S IU M STEARATE-- Powdered. M A R B LE -- Powdered, Granular. M A G LIT E M -- Magnesium Oxide for Neo prene. M lC A -- Water and Dry Ground, Scrap, Block, Sheet. OCHRE-- Domestic, French Type American. O PTICAL ROUGE-- White, Red. PARIS WHITE-Powdered. PH TH A LO C Y A N IN E: BLUE (Aqualine, Regaline). PLASTER PARIS--Common, Gauging, Dental, Orthopedic,' Potters, Casting. PUMICE ST6NE - "V A L E N C IA " A L L A M E R IC A N -- Powdered, Granular, Lump, PYROPHYLL1TE-- Powdered, Lump. Q U A R T Z -- Powdered, Graded. RED OXIDE-- Pure Copperas, Venetian, Span ish,- REGALINE BLUE-Resinated. ROTTENSTONE-- Powdered. ROUGE:--White, Red, Black, Green, SER1CITE-- Powdered, Micaceous. SIENNAS-- Raw, Burnt. SILEX-- Powdered, Granular. SILICA-- Sand,.Quartz,.. Amorphous, Diafoma^.... ceous. SLATE-- Gray, Powdered. S O A P ST O N E-- Powdered, Granular, Blocks, A ir Floated, Lo-Micron, Crayons. SO LAR'SH ,, ..ding. STEARATES-- Aluminum, Calcium, Magnesium, Zinc, Barium. STEATITE-- Pondered, Block, (Lava). STEARIC ACID-- Impalpable Powder, Flake, U. S. P. T A L C -- A ll Grades: U.S.P., Powdered, LoMicron, Fibrous, Steatite. TERRA A L B A -- Domestic, English. T E R R A Z Z O STRIPS THOMASSET D & C COLORS TITANIUM DIOXIDE - Purified, Cosmetic Grade. TRIPOLI-- Powdered. UM BERS-Raw , Burnt. VE N E T IA N RED-- Powdered. V I E N N A LIM E-- Powdered, Lump. V O L C A N IC A S H -- Powdered. V O L C L A Y -- Bentonite.-. High Gel/ A ir Floated, Granular, KWK. .ffl? - ' Crushed, WHITING-- Chalk, Commercial, Gilders, Lime stone, Precipitated,' Natural. Y E L L O W OXIDE-- Natural. ZIN C OXIDE-- U. S. P. ZIN C STEARATE-- U.S.P., Technical.. HNBMM QUALITY IS OUR FIRST CONSIDERATION * For over fifty years, Whittaker, C'urk Daniels, Inc., a dependable source for minerals, colors and chemicals, have rigidfy adhered to their slogan "Qualify is our first consideration". This, with good service and satisfied customers, has placed us in the high position we occupy today. A list of industries and professions served by Whittaker minerals, colors and pig ments would fill a large book. Suffice to say, this comprehensive experience with alf industry, this diversification and per spective, adds an immeasurable amount to Whittaker's ability to please Y O U . Here are some who rely on Whittaker's . ,yil uniif ' Agricultural Cosmetic Drug Rubber Foundry Steel Soap Chemical Fforicoftural insecticide Metalworking Dentistry Orthopedic Art Leather Electrical Textile Plastic Furniture Electric Plating Paint Lacquer Glass Ceramic Paper Roofing Food O p tical Monument Printing Ink Jewelry Instrument M ed ical Porcelain Shipbuilding W eld in g Steel Fabricating Construction Brick W H I r r A M R tCERAMIC m a t e r i a l s Alaminwa Oxide Antimony Oxide Barium Carbonate Bentonite China, Clay Bell Ball Clays Feldspar Flint Fluorspar Fullers Earth Ground Glass Lime Magnesium Oxide Magnesium Carbonate Calcined Magnesite Crude Magnesite .......... Mica........... . piaster Pumice iyrophyllite Rrr Rouge Silica Placing Sand Stearates ' Talc Zinc Oxide, Chrome Green Oxide Spanish Red Oxide fled Iron Oxide WHITTAKER, CLARK & DANIELS, INC 260 West Broadway New York 13s N, Y The Technical Service Department has prepared this small booklet on general information on ceramic products which are handled by "Whittaker* Clark & Daniels for the information of their salesmen and sales agents. We feel that it may be of value to you in talking to customers and prospective customers for ceramic materials| that is* whiteware, glass and porcelain enamelingimnufaeturers0 Whittaker* Clark & Daniels* .Inc CM -2^ 0 Gga&MXG MATERIALS (Whiteware* Glass and Porcelain Enameling) ALUMIMUM OXIDE - #607 This material is available in less than carload lots. Aluminum Oxide is used to prevent pieces from sticking together during firing by electrical porcelain manufacturers and manufacturers of vitri fied specialties. Steatite insulator"inanufacturers use Aluminum Oxide as a part of the body formula. Aluminum Oxide #60? will raise the softening or fusion point in the manufacture of crucible and specialized refractory materials MT1MQMY OXIDE - #l6l6 Available in less carload and carload lots#. Antimony Oxide is used in glass as a de color! zer and refining material* and in porcelain enameling as an opacifier where it is generally ""noratec? in the frith, A new item 5 he; IT, 1 . line and we do not have complete informa tion available as to its complete use in ceramic manufacture. Salesmen should watch for potential customers. BARIUM CARBONATE - #81 Available in less carload lots and carload lots. Barium Carbonate #8l is a basic glaze in gredient used in praqtically all types of ceramic and glazed ware, 'It is used by glass companies to give special properties to glass and especially to optical glass,- Manufacturers of heavy clay products such as bricks* drain tile* etc. use Barium Carbonate in small percentages to reduce the tendency of blooming. The amount used is uPPro^iiaately onefourth of one per cent. This material is often used in talc bodies to widen the firing range* and is used as an auxiliary flux by whiteware manufacturers in body formulations. Whittaker, Clark & Daniels^! CSM-3-^0 BENTONITE - #h9 Sold in less than carload lots and occasionally in carload lots. Bentonite #1$ is used to improve plasticity in art pottery, refractoriess and heavy clay products The amount used is generally under three per cent aa Bentonite has a tendency to make casting dif ficult and also a tendency to throw off the fired color. Bentonite is an excellent suspending material used in .minor precentages in formulations for giaaes when required. CHINA. CLAY - #1353 Sold in carload and less than carload lots China clay is used in glass body formulations as a source of aluminum. #133 is especially ad aptable because of the small percentages of iron. Porcelain enamel formulator3 also use China Clay as a source of aluminum. Manufacturers of whlteware, including art pvi, r:pp cH'u::: .v.Hre,, wall tile, use China Clay as a main body ingredient where the percentages used iaay go as high as twenty-five per cent. The average formulation use of China Clay in this type of ceramic manufacture averages about fifteen per cent. #133 China Clay is recommended especially because of its fast casting characteristics and its excellent fired color. Calcining tests show that #133 China Clay has a better color at 1800P. than any other Clay used in a similar manner, including English Clays. We are having experimental work conducted by the Ceramic Laboratories at fiutgers University on' this material, and because of our work along these line$ have a six-month exclusive contract to promote the sale of #133 China Clay in the ceramic industry. Whittaker, Clark & Daniels, Inc CM4|.-0 CHIRA CLAY - #ll*31 and #1,1*32 Sold in carload and less than carload lots, China Clays #11*31 and #11*32 are used as a body ingredient in the formulations for art pottery, dinnerware and wall tile. It is used in a similar manner to the #1353 China Clay. The Ceramic Depart- . ment of the University of Georgia are investigating the use of this Clay in all kinds of ceramic man ufacture and will probably have some definite in formation on the use of China Clay #ll*31 and #11*32 by the end of this summer. Whittaker, Clark & Daniels have had both good and bad reports on casting pro perties of these Clays. c a m c l a i - #l*i Sold in less than carload lots. China Clay #1*1 is used the same way as the previous China Clays and is t h e s a m e a s R , T, Vanderbilt's "Peerless" Clay, #1353. #ll*31, #11*32 and #1*1 China Clays are Georgia u &ojouj,:.: CHINA CLAI, ENGLISH - #372 Sold in less than carload lots, China Clay #372 is an English China Clay and is used in the same manner by ceramic manufacturers as are the domestic Clays but is preferred by spme manufacturers because of the fired color of the material. Ceramic users buy English China Clay chiefly for vitrified ware. "EPK FLORIDA" KAOLIN (CHINA CLAI) - #60$> Sold in less than carload lots. This Clay can only be handled by Fnittaker, Clark & Daniels in less than carload shipments. It has much better plasticity than is exhibited by the previous described China Clays, This Clay is between a China Clay and a Ball Clay in respect to its plasticity characteristics and use. Whittaker, Clark & Daniels, Inc, CM-5-50 BELL BALL G U T S Sold in oarload and less than carload lots- Hard and fast rules for the use of Bell Ball Clays cannot he established, but in general pul verized Clays are used where a dry mixing process existso Pulverized Clays are also used for plants making casting bodies who blend directly, eliminating .a filter press operation* Crude Clays are used generally where filter pressing is used; that is, wet processing. Another type of Bell Ball Clay, a controlled dry Clay for silo storage, is used by some large producers due to lower handling and freight rate charges. General characteristics of Bell Ball Clays can be classified as followst Dark Ball Clay is the whitest burning;. Dresden is the strongest; and the Dark or Universal tend to be the best for casting, Bell Ball Clays are shipped as specified in six grades. Dark, Dresden and Gray are straight Clay as mined. Universal, Superior and Special are blends of the above clays,, All six of these clays are available in crude, controlled-dried or pul verized form. The Crude contains approximately 20% moisture. It is never shipped direct from the pits. The Controlled-Dried contains approximately 10-12# 'moisture which is guaranteed according to customer specification. The Pulverized, which is an air floated clay, contains only hydroscopic moisture, Karblite Ball Clay is a specially processed, pulverized clay to have guaranteed 3,ow lignite. Whittaker, Clark & Daniels, Inc CM-6-50 BELL BALL CLAYS There follows a general suggested list for the industrial uses of Bell Ball Clays, Art Ware -- .-- -- :----- --------- --- -- - Bark Special Glaae ----------------------- ------- Bark, Karblite Enamel Ware ~-- -- --- --------------- Bark, Karblite Chemical Porcelain -- -- ----------- Bark Bresden Heat Insulators ----------- ----- ----- Universal Dresden Bark Crucibles ---- ---- --- -- r----r-- i-- ~~ Dresden Dental Porcelain -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Bark, Karblite Saggers -- ------------------------ - Sagger Kiln F u r n i t u r e ------------i---- -----Bark Stilts, Pins, General keiractories ---- -------------- Special Dinnerware------------------------ - Bark Dresden Superior I h i t e w a r e ------------------- -------- Dark Hotel China --- -- -------- ------ --- Dark Dresden Superior Wall Tile --- -- --- ------------------- Special Dark Sanitary W a r e ------------- --- r----- -- Bark Special ElectricalPorcelain -- -- ---------- Universal Dresden Bark Superior S t e a t i t e ---T-------------- -- -- r---- Dresden Universal Terra Cotta -------- -- ------------>--- Gray Whittaker, Clark & Daniels, Inc CM-7-S0 FELDSPAR - #l8l and #330 Sold in less than carload lots nt_ n jj Jl-t CH x 't ij.u p c ix ' i f i u x 3 ttu u **>,'% _ ,, _ c u ' i u tsu u y _.-i _ _ _ g j.c i.0 0 companies and manufacturers of porcelain.,enamel as a source of aluminum* The manufacturers of art pottery, dinnerware and wall tile, use Feldspar as a flux #181 Feldspar is a 200 mesh material and is. the standard generally used However, where maximum fluxing is desired #330 Feldspar, which is a 325 mesh material,; should be suggested Some competitive materials are Nepheline Syenite, which is sold in this area by the EPK Clay Co. of Metuchen, N.J, Multi-Flux, sold by the Foote Mineral Co, of Philadelphia, Pa, and UniFlux sold by the Great Lakes Carbon Co These competitive materials tend to have shorter firing range, greater warpage and poorer color than does Feldspar* The users of Nepheline Syenite are particularly liable to have warpage trouble and we suggest the use of #330 Feldspar as our offering to a prospective customer who is in this position FLINT - See Silica FLUORSPAR - #15? This material is sold in less than carload lots* For porcelain enamel manufacture, Fluorspar #157 is a source of calcium fluoride* Fluorspar because of its calcium fluoride content is used in glazes for increased fluxing characteristics* Fluorspar #15? is used in glass formulations as an auxiliary flux. FULLERS EARTH - #699 This material is sold in less than carload lots. Fullers Earth is used as an absorbent around motors and pumps in practically all plants for good housekeeping purposes* Whittaker, Clark & Daniels, Inc c m -8-50 GROUND GLASS #718 - Sold in less than carload lots #3?Is. ~ Sold in truckload lots. Ground Glass is used in refractory coatings, art pottery and novelties as an auxiliary, low temperature flux Ground Glass is desired by a number of customers but is not guaranteed as to uniformity of chemical analysis. This type material is currently used by several of our customers manufacturing bodies for hobbyists, and refractory coatings for furnaces and boilers. LIMB - #101 This material is sold in less than carload lots0 In the manufacture of glass, Lime is used as a source of calcium, acting as a flux with the silica used in the formulation. Whittaker, Clark & Daniels have.this material available only in less than carload lots. m r vrTTv n H D E _ - #310 MAGNESIUM CAKBOMTlT - #690 These materials-are sold'uh less than carload lots. These materials are used in porcelain enameling formulations and in steatite insulators to increase the Magnesium Oxide content of the body. Some times used in glaaes as an added source of Magnesium Oxide. CALCINED MAGNESITE - #222 ` CRUDE MAGNESITE"^ # 1 3 2 0 ~ These materials are sold in less than carload lots. Magnesites are used in glass formulations as a source of Magnesium Oxide ana are used in refractory specialties and refractory coatings to improve resistance to heat shock. Whittaker, Clark & Daniels, Inc, 0 1-9 -5 0 This material is sold in less than carload lots Mica #279 is occasionally used in casting difficult shapes The Mica is dusted on the inside of the molds to improve the release of the pieces# PIASTER - #122 This material is sold in less than carload lots# Piaster is used by all art ware, dinnerware and novelty companies,, PPMXCE This material is sold, in less than carload lots# Glass companies who cut sometimes use Pumice# .Specifications.on.mesh .sizes...vary#..Pumice.xaay__.be. Suspended by Bentonite in a slurry# pie q : These materials are sold in less than carload lots. Pyrophyllite is used in art pottery, wall tile and dinner-ware formulations to control shrinkage# #16 has a better fired color than # 29 but due to the small amount of Sericite in its analysis, it is sometimes found objectionable# Pyrophyllite #16 and #2? are used in refractory materials to improve the resistance to heat shock and also to control shrinkage factor# Pyrophyllite does not wet readily and is therefore difficult to use in a casting body# Pyrophyllite is the only ceramic material that ex pands with firing and thus it is used to counteract shrinkage of the other ingredients# ROTTENSTORE - #120 This material is sold in less than carload lots# Rottenstone is used by some glass companies to polish glass after cutting# Whittaker, Clark & Daniels, Inc c m -i o -50 ROUGES- RED M D WHITE Sold in less than carload lots These materials are used by plate glass and flat glass manufacturers for polishing SILICA #213 and #219 This material is sold in lea3 than carload lots Silica is used as a body ingredient in art ware* dinnervrare, wall tile, floor tile, sanitary ware, etc formulations It is a body ingredient in this type of ceramic work and oftentimes is as much as of the total formulation Silica #219 is finer than Silica #213 and is therefore somewhat more reactive As a note of information too much Silica in a ceramic formulation causes shivering and hunting0 These are the opposite effects.o f ..crazing H A C I H Q SARD (SILICA) - #28Ij. Sold in less than carload lots This type of material is used in the bottoja of saggers to prevent the ceramic ware from sticking The general requirements are for a coarse sand of this type,, and the material is used over and over STEARATES' #906 Calcium Stearate #1314.5' Calcium Stearate ,#905 Magnesium Stearate #90li Zinc Stearate These materials are sold in less than carload lots Manufacturers of steatite insulators and ferro magnetic cores use metallic soaps to improve the pressing properties of their product The grade of Stearate used depends upon the individual customer's specifications Whittaker, Clark & Daniels, Inc C M -ll-50 me Sold in carload lots and less then carload lots. The ceramic industry as a whole consumes large quantities of Talc The Talcs selected find their place because of their various chemical and physical properties Manufacturers of steatite insulators require Talcs of low iron* low lime and low aluminum content, and the Talc must have good dielectric properties Whittaker, Clark & Daniels Talcs #11*39, #1729 and #1730 are excellent for these purposes C,, & D* Talcs #1*86, #1286 and #1211 are also widely used by steatite insulator manufacturers Ceramic heat insulators, refractqry ceramics and kiln furniture require a Talc low in iron and low in lime, but with some aluminum content to give maximum resistance to heat shock Whittaker, Clark & Daniels! Talcs #11, #1*81 and #1*86 are found most useful,.in this,type of _formulation............ Art pottery and dinnerware require Talcs that have good casting characteristics, and should have uoino c a lc iu m in t h e c h e m ic a l uruhyul:::, ; u v cu d fired color Whittaker, Clark & Daniels8 Talcs //J463, #610, #783 and #786 are all excellent for this type of formulation* These Talcs are also suitable for wall tile formulations Talcs as a whole increase the resistance to heat shock, improve the glaze fit decrease the tendency to craze and improve the electrical properties of ceramic for mulations The percentage of Talc used in ceramic; formula tions vary from 5$ to 90$ In general, steatite insulators are made with approximately 80$ Talc in their composition, wall tile formulations carry approximately 1*0$ Talc, and dinnerware and art pottery ceramic items will contain approximately 15$ Talc Several of the Talc items which are handled byWhittaker, Clark & Daniels are used outside of the previous recommendations #3 Canadian Talc is used by some art pottery manufacturers but is not recom mended for this purpose by Whittaker, Clark & Daniels Whittaker, Clark & Daniels, Inc C SM .2-5 0 because the calcium content cannot be guaranteed Our #13 Fibrous New York State Talc is not recom mended by us .for use in the ceramic industry because of the selling arrangement existing between the iW.H. Loomis Talc Corp, and Donald Hagar, #160 Maryland Talc is used in sizable quantities for saggers where the iron content is not important TOTTING (CHALK) Sold in carload and less than carload lots Whitings are used as an added source of calcium and also as an auxiliary flux, and generally the customer has preferences as to the type of Whiting he vail use A large number of ceramic manufacturers still prefer English Chalk Whiting #62 because of its established reputation for mir-sty, A dry ground Whiting such as W,, C,, &. D, #629 Is largely used as a domestic grade and has proven acceptable by many manufacturers ATOMITE #319 is used where fine particle size is most desirable ''itting is used in glazes as a flux and :p particularly desirable in pinks <> The specifications of purchase vary accordingly to the preierences of plant ceramic engineers ZING OXIDE - ilk29 and #936 Sold in less than carload lots Zinc Oxide is used in glass as an opacifying agent. It is a common, ingredient in glazes, especially if a crystalline effect, is desired. Zinc Oxide #lii29 is used in ferrite magnetic cores. CHROMS GREEN OXIDE - #3 Sold in less than carload lots. Chromium Oxide is used to give green ceramic colors and when combined with tin oxide to give pinks. Chromium Oxide is used in some refractory coatings to raise the melting point. Whittaker, Clark & Daniels, Inc CM. 13-50 SPANISH RED OXIDE - #g8? Sold in carload and less than carload lots This material is used by some ceramic manufactuera as a source of iron oxide, Spanish Red Oxide fires to soft yellow and brownish red colors. RED IRON OXIDE - #2 Sold in carload and less than carload lots. The use of Pure Red Iron Oxide #2$9k varies widely as it is mainly for color purposes. This material is also widely used in ferro-magnetlc cores as a major body ingredient. Whittaker,, Clark & Danielss Inc C B - U h SO Whittakert Clark & Daniels* Inc c m -15-So