Document 26vVrm6npVgYje98pk3dK45R

FILE NAME Talc TALC DATE 1935 DOC TALC201 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Book Excerpt - The Prevention of Industrial Diseases NATIONAL MEDICAL MONOGRAPHS ABNORMAL ARTERIAL TENSION By Edward J. Stieglitz M.S. M.D. F.A.C.P. Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine Rush Medical College Univ of Chicago OBSTETRICS FOR THE GENERAL PRACTITIONER By J. P. Greenhill B.S. M.D. F.A.C.S. Professor of Gynecology Loyola University School of Medicine Chicago INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE By W. Irving Clark A.B. M.D. Assistant Professor Industrial Medicine Harvard School of Public Health Boston and Philip Drinker S.B. Ch.E. Associate Professor Industrial Hygiene Harvard School of Public Health Boston THE MANAGEMENT OF COLITIS M.D. By By J.J. ArAnrnooldld Bargen Bargen M.D. F.A.C.P. Medicine Division of the Mayo Clinic COMMONER DISEASES OF THE SKIN By S. William Becker M.S. M.D. Associate Professor of Dermatology School of Medicine University of Chicago DISEASES OF THE CHEST By J. Arthur Myers M.D. Professor of Medicine Preventive Medicine and Public Health Univ of Minn Medi- NATIONAL MEDICAL MONOGRAPHS INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE By W. IRVING CLARK A.B. M.D. Assistant Professor of the Practice of Industrial Medicine Harvard School of Public Health Boston and Medical Director of The Norton Company Worcester Mass and MASS INST TEX ? ? 4 JAN 1957 LIBRARY DRINKER PHILIP DRINKER S.B. Ch.E. Associate Professor of Industrial Hygiene Harvard School of Public Health Boston Mass Edited by MORRIS FISHBEIN M.D. NATIONAL MEDICAL BOOK COMPANY INC New York N. 1935 / v CHAPTER XII THE PREVENTION OF INDUSTRIAL DISEASES ELSEWHERE WE DEFINED an industrial disease as a toxemia resulting from too great exposure to a toxic substance or to an unfavorable working environment Obviously then the avoidance of such an exposure furnishes the first and most im- portant defense against industrial disease Generally it is unnecessary to prohibit all exposure to a toxic substance substances have threshold doses In Chapter VIII we have given figures of permissible concentrations for certain dusts fumes and for one mist chromic acid Hamilton 70 and Henderson and Haggard 79 and publications of the U. Public Health Service give the available data on gases 151 Perhaps the second most obvious preventive + 308 INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE 209 measure is the limiting of working hours 50 that the exposure will be threshold Usually such limitation is developed by practical experience and later is put upon a sound scientific basis by appropriate laboratory experimenta- tion Notable examples of limitation of exposure are shown in the rules for working in compressed air and again for working in hot deep mines Chapter IV In both of these examples industry would welcome a normal full working day if the resulting exposure were physiologically safe for man A third method which is always sought by an industry which finds itself in toxicological trouble is the development or substitution of a safe process for that which is causing trouble A familiar example is the almost total elimina- tion of benzol poisoning 69 by the use of less toxic solvents in place of benzol and xylol In dusty trades it is often feasible to change a process so that it becomes dusty Examples can be seen in any plant doing sandblasting a few years ago the abrasive was sand and the blasting frequently was done on the open