Document 1g4yzKboL7av2O7x1an17MXwd

16.1.180 Chemical Abstracts' Vol. ?2, 1975 Page 80 lo the greatest extent, followed by RNA, then protein. Maleic aad niurutcthyl ester Sa salt (5514 1-87-2] had a weaker effect on nucleic acid and protein synthesis in these cell prepns, 165.18If Reaction of chemical probes with the erythrocyte membrane. Gordesky, Stanley E,; Marinetti. G. V.; Love. R. (Sch. Med. Dent.. Univ. Rochester, Rochester, N. Y.). J. Membr. Biol. 1975, 20(1-2), 111-32 (Eng). Although NOj 02N----^ ^---- SO jH Shinkarenko. A. A. (USSR). Vanktsinv i sveorotki. Resp. mezhted. sb. 1974, (3), 120-6 (Russ). 'From Ref. Zh., Biot. Khim. 1974, Abstr. No. 15F433. Title only translated. 165386m Effect of butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene on Tetrahymena pyriformis and Callus domesticus. Surak, John G. (Univ. Wisconsin, Madison, Wis.). 1974. 276 pp. (Eng). Avail. Xerox Univ. Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Mich,, Order No, 74-27,764. From Diss. Abstr. Int. B 1975, 35(9), 4495. 1653S7n Cinnamyl phenol antimicrobial agents. Jurd. Leonard; King, A, Douglas., Jr.; Stanley, William L. (United States Dept, of Agriculture) U.S. 3,865,748 (Cl, 252-404; A Olrt, B 0>;), 11 Feb 1975, Appl. 74,485, 22 Sep 1970; 7 pp. Division of U.S. 3,745,222. The cinnamylphenols I (R = H, Me, fluorodinitrobenzene [25376-51-6] and suberimidate [3891-73-4] readily penetrated intact erythrocytes, trinitrobenzenesulfonate (I) [2508-19-2] did not significantly penetrate the cell Ln membrane under certain conditions. Therefore, I could be used as a vectorial probe for the detection of functional groups CHPn (primarily amino groups) of proteins and phospholipids on the outer surface of the membrane. Min. penetration of 1 occurred at at a high pH, and in phosphate-free bicarbonate OMe or OH; R1 = H or OH) inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi buffer. The use of these probes in studying the erythrocyte and yeast, especially in fruits. Thus, 4-cinnamylphenol membrane is discussed, for example, in detg. the localization of [24126-82-7] showed in vitro min. inhibitory concns. of 12 ppm membrane phospholipids. for Zygosaccharomyces japonicus. 100 ppm for Aspergillus I65382g Factors affecting fibrinogen precipitation by flauus. and 50-100 ppm for Escherichia colt. ristocetin. Ultrastructure of precipitates. Ts'ao. Chung-Hsin; 1653S8p Mutagen. Paronikyan. G. M.; Akopyan, L, G. Green, David; Rossi. Ennio C. (Sch. Med., Northwest. Univ., (Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry. Academy of Sciences, Chicago, 111.). Blood 1975, 45(5), 621-9 (Eng). The antibiotic Armenian S.S.R.) U.S.S.R. 455,150 (Cl. Cl2k), 30 Dec 1974, ristocetin [U04-55-3] pptd. human fibrinogen from aq. soln., Appl. 1,917,861, Appl. 25 Apr 1973. From Otkrytiya, Izobret., the effect being inhibited by albumin and enhanced by low temp. Prom. Obraztsy, Tovarnye Znaki 1974, 51(4S), 55, 0--(4~Met = The ristocetin-pptd. fibrinogen occurred as fibrils or clumps composed of irregularly spaced, structureless particles. Ristocetin also caused the aggregation of platelets from normal blood MeO "O- CH jONH 2 plasma, the changes in light transmission (aggregation curves) obsd. following the antibiotic being due both to platelet .H Cl aggregation and fibrinogen clumping. Since ristocetin does not aggregate platelets in plasma from patients with von WiUebrand's hoxybenzyDhydroxylamine hydrochloride (I) [876-33-5] exhibits disease, this agent may be used for diagnosis of the disease. mutagenic activity. However, conclusions about the effect of ristocetin should not be 0f;`ased solely on light-transmission changes, but should include a orphol. examn. of the aggregated material to ensure that For papers of related interest see also Section: fibrinogen pptn. was not masquerading as platelet aggregation. 1 164895q Antibiotic combinations in the treatment of expe= 1653S3h Effects of Tris and histidine on human erythrocytes rimental Staphylococcus aureus infection. and conditions influencing their mode of action. Luthra, 164972n Fundamental and clinical studies on BB-K8 (amikacin), Madan G.; Ekholm, Janice E.: Kim, H. D.; Hanahan, Donald J. a new semisynthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic. (Coll. Med., Univ. Arizona, Tucson, Aziz.). Biochim. Biophys. 2 165036p Possible effect of the state of adrenergic receptors Acta 1975, 382(4), 634-49 (Eng). Incubation of human on lipid biosynthesis from acetate in human blood. erythrocytes in Tris-HCl [1185-53-1] caused a marked increase 165222e Influence of dibutyry! cyclic 3',5'-AMP on glucose in cellular vol., a preferential release of Na* [7440-23-5], and and fat metabolism in normal and diabetic rats. eventual hemolysis. In contrast, l~histidine [71-00-1] caused a 4 165448h Heavy metai-nucleotide interactions. HL Participation decrease in cell vol., a high efflux of both Na* and K* of amino groups in the binding of methylmercury(ll) to [7440-09-7], and no hemolysis even through the cells gradually cytidine and adenosine 5'--phosphate in aqueous solution. regained their vol. as a result of histidine entry. Histidine Studies by Raman difference spectrophotometry. reversed the erythrocyte swelling induced by exposure to Tris. 165452e Mutagenicity of sodium hypochlorite for Salmonella Inorg. salts and glucose [50-99-7] also delayed the.Tris-induced typhimurium. swelling and hemolysis. \ 165685h Mutagenic selectivity of carcinogenic nitroso com = 165384] Adenosylcobalamin analogs as inhibitors of pounds.' I. N-methyl-N-nitrosourethane. ribonucleotide reductase and vitamin Bit transport. Jacobsen, 165697p Cytological investigations on onion root-tip cells D. W.; DiQirolamo, P. M.; Huennekens, F. M. (Dep.' Biochem,, treated with some cigaret smoke constituents. Scripps Clin, and Res. Found., La Jolla, Calif.). Mol. 5 Agrochemicals. Pharmacol. 1975, 11(2), 174-84 (Eng). Nucleoside analogs of 6 165930j Nature of bacteriocines. 5`-deoxy~5`-adenosylcobalamin [13870-90-1] were synthesized 166026f Energy-dependent accumulation of iron by isolated by redn. of cyanocobalamin [68-19-9] with Zn in 'NHtCl, rat liver mitochondria. V. Effect on factors controlling followed by reaction with 5'-chloro nucleosides. These analogs, respiration and oxidative phosphorylation. several alkylcobalamins, S'-deoxy-o'-adenosylcabinamide [2705 = 166085z Light-induced free radicals in oriented DNA-proflavine 6-34-4], and methylcobinamide [20313-07-9] were tested for complexes. their effects on the adenosylcobalamin-dependent ribonucleotide . 7 166532t Influence of template inactivators on the binding of reductase (EC 1.17.4.2) [9068-66-0] from Lactobacillus DNA polymerase to DNA. leichmannii. The fluoroadenosine deriv. had full coenzymic 10 Microbial Biochemistry. activity, but all other cobalamin analogs were inhibitory; the 11 Plant Biochemistry. formycin and adenine arabinoside compds. were the most 12 Nonmammalian Biochemistry, effective inhibitors. The cobinamides were weak inhibitors. All 13 Mammalian Biochemistry. cobalamins tested were strong competitive inhibitors of vitamin 14 Mammalian Pathological Biochemistry. Btj transport into animal cells, but the cobinamides were poor 18 169237m Effect of sugar alcohol on the intestine. inhibitors of this transport. 36 1570S5X Fungus resistance of plastics. 165385k Effect of nonionic polymers on serum proteins. 4--TOXICOLOGY Available in the computer- reedno 1 product* CAenueoJ-fiotoficaf (CBAC), Food and Agricultural Chemutry, *nd Ecology and Environment K-nn T. R. T0RKEX50N I65389q Possible mechanism of carcinogenic action of vinyl chloride. Van Duuren, Benjamin L. (Med. Cent., New York Univ., New York. N. Y.). Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1975, 246,. 253-67 (Eng). A review with 51 refs. An a-chloro ether or related-onium ion appeared to be an activated carcinogenic intermediate of vinyl chloride [75-01-4] in vivo. Based on the structural similarity of trichloroethylene [79-01-6] to vinyl chloride, an a-chioro ether or -onium ion is suggested as an intermediate in its metab. Thus, trichloroethylene may be carcinogenic. age 7 3J 11*0 9 </) . Ill CO cn uyi esi 00 ip< o ca 65 m. n none Umac refs, o 1653 Bundi Unset Schul A revi 165 chem Sci., Soc. . 495-5 163 ethar Rech. Clin. the ei mech 165 Cent/ 54-9 [778: perox toxiri 16 print in sc V.: (Mol USS! Edit/ Obsh effec emp! (1337 cellu. crite 165 inte: N. A Trar MatEdit Tok revii [10S [84mat emp rear 1 erat acti M.; Pili: Nat. Kie Sol Sta; Pol cytt mu dist 1 wil Sac 197 Co: the [74 reg SOI ph1 (St (G. CC A Page 101 4-Toxicology Vol. 82, 1975 N- / y/7f - / -c -L-' / X 13--.686 MSrhael L Back, Kenneth C. (Toxic Hazards Div., 6570 Aeroso Med- R- Lb-. Wright-Patterson AFB. Ohio). J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1975, 192(2), 251-9 (Eng), flats and a j m were protected from the effects of lethal doses of ingested chylene glycol (I) [107-21-1] with pyrazole (II) [288-13-1], an inhibitor of liver ale. dehydrogenase. Rats given 1.35 mi 1/100 g followed by 2,2 mmole ll/kg, i.p., at 6 and 30 hr oostingestion survived. Untreated control animals died. Dogs were given either 10.0 or 12.5 ml I/kg and II doses of 0.9 mmole/kg and 0.5 mmole/kg were administered after 6 and 30 hr reap. With. 10 ml I/kg and no II, 2 of 5 dog3 survived; 1Z5 ml I/kg and no II, 0/1; 10 ml I/kg and II, 9/11; and 1215 mi I/kg and II, 12/22. Dogs that succumbed had large nos. of oxalate [14-1-62-7] crystals in their kidneys at necropsy. The surviving dops had few oxalate crystals in their kidneys at the time of unilateral nephrectomy (2 weeks postexposure) or necropsy (30 days postexposure). Several clin. factors were identified as useful prognostic indicators in the treatment of I poisoning. Thus, II, despite its marked toxicity, may be of din. significant value in the treatment of I peisoning when therapy is initiated within 6 hr of exposure. 133678s Extracorporeal complexing hemodialysis system for the treatment of methyl mercury poisoning. I. In vitro studies of the effects of four complexing agents on the distribution and dialyzability of methyl mercury in human blood. Kostyniak, P, J.; Clarkson, T. W.; Cestero, R. V.; Freeman, R. B,; Abbasi, A. H, (Sch. Med. Dent., Univ. Rochester, Rochester, N. Y.), J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1975, 192(2). 260-9 (Eng). Sulfhydryl agents such as penicillamine [52-67-5], N-acetylpenicillamine [15537-71-0], cysteine [52-90-4] and N-acetylcysteine [616-91-1] are capable of reversing the protein binding of MeHg when they are added to whole human blood. The magnitude of the protein binding reversal was similar for each compd. as predicted by the detn. of their relative affinities for MeHg in vitro. Concn.-dependent reversals of protein binding of MeHg in blood were obsd. at increasing sulfhydryl conens. from 10-* to 10-JM. At 10-2Af, a 55- to 60-fold increase in non-protein-bound plasma MeHg was obsd., when compared to blood with no added sulfhydryl agenL Both the complexing agent and the MeHg complex formed in blood were readily (fialyzable using a Travenol 145 twin coil hemodialyzer, At cysteine conens. of 10-JA/ in whole blood, up to 44% of whole blood MeHg was dialyzed on a single pass at a dialyzer blood flow rate of 55 ml/min. Under the same conditions, up to 94% of plasma cysteine was dialyzed. A system is presented for use in vivo on exptl. animals. The potential advantages of this method over existing therapeutic regimens for MeHg poisoning are discussed. 133679t Subcellular localization of plutonium citrate (plutonium-239) in the rat hepatocyte. Pepin, Gilbert; Boudene, Claude (Lab. Toxicol., INSERM, Chatenay-Malabry, Fr.). C. R. Hebd. Seances Acad, Set",, Ser. D 1974, 279(26), 2071-4 (Fr). Beginning on day 7 after i.v. or i.p. injection of plutonium citraten-^Pu [26677-58-7] until death of the rats, hepatocyte plutonium-239 [15117^18-3] levels were higher in the mitochondrial and lysosomal fraction than in other fractions. On day 16, the activity of t^Pu/g protein matter was 3-4-fold higher in the mitochondrial-lysosomal fraction than in other fractions. About 38% of the ^Pu was bound specifically to the mitochondrial fraction. 133680m Inhibition by cycloheximide of lipid metabolism by rat adipose tissue in vitro. Jomain-Baum, Mireille; Hanson, Richard W. (Med. Sch., Temple Univ., Philadelphia, Pa.). Life Sei. 1975, 16(3), 345-51 (Eng). Cycloheximide (I) [66-81-9] in rat adipose tissue inhibited lipogenesis, decreased 0 consumption, CO2 formation, and ATP-ADP ratio, and increased the ratio of lactate to pyruvate released. The effects were reversed by placing the tissue in I-free buffer. The mechanism of action of I in adipose tissue was thought to be similar to that in liver, where I inhibits mitochondrial energy transfer at site I. 133681n Lack of cytogenetic effects in bone marrow and spermatagonial cells in rats treated with polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclors 1242 and 1254), Green, Sidney; Carr, Jacqueline V,; Palmer, Kenneth A.; Oswald, Elizabeth J. (Dep. Health. Educ. Welfare, Food Drug Adm., Washington, D. C.). Bull, Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 1375, 13(1), 14-22 (Eng). Neither Arochlor 1242 (I) [53469-21-^fnor Aruchhjr 1254 (II) [11097-69-1] showed any mutagenic potential, as demonstrated by cytogenetic anal, of rat bone marrow and spermatogonia. I was more toxic than II but II caused more wt. loss (18-34 vs 5-26 g) at the oral dose levels used (500-5000 mg/kg). 1336S2p Modifications of mitochondrial respiration parameters and level of nucleotides in the hepatocyte of the rat, after in vivo contamination by plutonium-239 citrate. Pepin, Gilbert; Pasquier, Christian; Vallee, Christiane; Duprey, Francois; Boudene, Claude (Lab. Toxicol. Univ. Paris-Sud, Chatenay-Malabry, Fr.). C. R. Hebd. Seances Acad. Sei., Ser. D 1975, 280(1), 141-4 (Fr). Plutonium-239 citrate [26677-58-7] (50 or 120 mCi/kg, i.v,), contrary to y-irradn., had no effect on either electron transport or oxidative phosphorylation in liver mitochondria of rats. It, however, caused a marked decrease in hepatic and mitochondrial proteins and intramitochondria] AMP [61-19-8], ADP [58-64-0], ATP [56-65-5], FMN [146-17-8], and GTP [86-01-1], 133683q Effect of water hardness on the toxicity of a nonionic detergent to fish. Tovell, P. W, A.; Newsome. C.; Howes, D. (Environ. Saf. Div., Unilever Res. Labi, Shambrook/BetL, EngL). Water Res. 1975, 9(1), 31-6 (Eng). Fish (trout and goldfish) were placed in treatment solns. of different water hardnesses contg. ethoxylate (EO) detergenta. Survival times were recorded. ><C-labeIIed EO was used to assess absorption. The toxicity of ethoxylates to fish acclimatised and treated in different water hardnesses, and the effect of cations on ethoxylate toxicity were also investigated. EO was slightly less toxic in hard water than in soft water. The hardness of the treatment soln. has no marked influence on the amt. of EO absorbed by the fish. Evidence suggests that there is little relationship between the compn. of cations constituting a particular hardness and the toxicity of EO. Acclimatisation in different water hardnesses does not affect the susceptibility of fish to nonionic ethoxylate detergents. 1336S4r Fluorescent whitening agents. Acute fish toxicity and accumulation studies. Sturm, R. N.; Williams, K. E.: Macek, K. J. (Environ. Water Qual. Res. Dep.. Procter and Gamble Co., Cincinnati, Ohio). Water Res. 1973, 9(2), 211-19 (Eng). Four fluorescent whitening agents (FWA), 3 of which are currently marketed in the United States for use as ingredients in household laundry detergents, were tested to det. their acute toxicity to the bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), as well as their potential for significant accumulation in the flesh of the bluegill and channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), 2 specie^j of fish common to U.S. waters. Results of the acute toxicitjM bioassays showed that no acute toxic effects on fish, caused by' these materials, would be expected at conens. well above their projected environmental levels. Rates of accumulation and max. levels accumulated were evaluated in the lab. for a period of 90-105 days, followed by an examn. of the rate of elimination of these materials from the fish over a 28-day period. Under these conditions, neither 3pecies accumulated any of 3 anionic fluorescent whitening agents (sulfonated stilbene derivs.) when exposed to nominal conens. of 0.125, 1.25, or 12.5 ^g/1 in water. A nonionic FWA not currently used in the U.S. detergent formulations was significantly accumulated at the 2 highest conens. tested. The nonionic FWA accumulated was rapidly eliminated by fish upon their transfer to water devoid of this chem. Elimination of FWA was essentially complete by 14 days. No significant accumulation by fish was detected with any FWa when exposure was conducted at levels approximating projected environmental conens. Details of the acute toxicity tests, and the patterns of accumulation and elimination seen in this study, as well as their significance, are discussed. 133685s Inability of nickel(2+) and cobalt(2+) ions to release histamine from rat peritoneal mast cells. Taubman, Sheldon B.; Malnick, Jeffrey W. (Health Cent., Univ. Connecticut, Farmington, Conn.). Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol. 1975, 10(21,383-6 (Eng). N'r*- [7440-02-0] and Co** [7440-48-4] at KPW-KHAf (as NiClr and CoCli, resp.) were added to rat peritoneal mast cells. The metal ions did not cause histamine [51-45-6] release from the mast cells, and did not inhibit the histamine release mediated by compd. 48/80. Therefore, the reported anaphylactoid edema of the rat following injection of Ni'"1' or Co** must he on a basis other than a direct effect of the metal ion on mast cells. 1336S6t Vinyl chloride monomer. Hepatotoxicity and interaction witK~~l.l-dichlorqc.thylene. Jaeger. Rudolph J. (Kresge Cent. Environ. Health, Harvard Sch. Publ. Health, Boston, Moss.). Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1975, 246,, 150-1 (Eng). Vinyl chloride (VC) [75-01-4] monomer exposure (1.1 or 4.65% atm. conens.) did not elevate the serum aianine-u-ketoglutara transaminase (AKT) level in fasted rats. 3y contrast. l.I-dichl raethvlene (DCE) [75-35-4] exposure (0.02%) increased t serum AKI activity by 50-fold. When the 2 chems. were simultaneously administered (0,02% DCE and 0.17o VC), there was a complete lack of liver injury. This protection was concn.-dependent. 6 I16S7 AbHrasta Vol, 83. 1975 V Page 1&4 Miva. Japan!. Nippon Suisan hakkaishi 19i5. -1112). 225*31 labelled proteins, but an unidentified fraction located elfcctrnphut (Japan). The rate uf Hg [7439-97-6] tuoconcn. through food retically between the u. and at globulin fractions showed 3 chain was exptl. detd. to be 67% by feeding young yellowtail greater uptake later on. LSeriora quinqucradiata) with anchovy {Engraults japonica) I672w Liposomes containing chelating agents. Cellular prefed with methylmercury chloride, followed by detg. Hg levels penetration and a possible mechanism of metal removal remaining in the yellowtail. The body wts. of yellowtail were Rahman, Yueh-Erh; Wright, Betty Jean (Div. Biol. Med. Res., then plotted against the total Hg concns. in yellowtail fed with Argonne Natl. Lab., Argonne, 111.), J. Cell Biol. 1975, 65(1), anchovy contg. various known amts, of MeMg, assuming anchovy 112-22 (Eng). Electron microscope studies were done on mouse was the main food for yellowtail in nature. From these curves liver, from 5 min to 3 wk after an i.v. injection of liposomes and the Hg level found in yellowtail from the Onagawa Bay, the contg. EDTA [60-00-4], Livers of mice receiving an injection of Hg level in anchovy of the Onagawa Bay was estd. to be liposomes contg. KC1 instead of EDTA or an injection of a soln. 0.01-0.03 ppm, which was similar to the value (0.021-0.033 ppm) of EDTA were also examd. Liposomes were shown to be actually found in anchovy, phagocytized by hepatucyt.es as well as by Kupffer cells within 1668z Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin min after the injection. Initially, there was a close contact (TCDD) on mammalian cells in tissue cultures. Beatty, between the liposomal membrane and the cellular membrane, Patrick W.; Lemhach, Kenneth J.; Holscher, Myron A.; NeaJ, followed by an invagination of the latter and the formation of a Robert A. (Sch. Med., Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, Tenn,). distinct vesicle surrounding a single liposome or a cluster of Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1975, 31(2), 309-12 (Eng). several liposomes. No fusion between the liposomal membrane and the cell membrane was obsd. Between 15 min and 6 hr after :xxxx: Cl 1 liposome injection, the Kupffer cells were found to have an increased no. of lysosomes and autophagic vacuoles. Within the latter, morphol. intact liposomes or remnants of liposomes could be seen. At 12 hr after Injection, a striking increase in macrophages was obsd. in the liver sinusoids of EDTA-!iposome-= injected mice, but not in those of KCl-Iiposome-injected mice. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dloxin (I) [1746-01-6] added to Within the macrorphages. remnants of liposomes occasionally the culture medium in a final theor. concn. of IQ^Af prior to the could be obsd. However, the origin and the physiological role of addn. of HeLa cells Balb 3T3 cells, SV101 cells (virus(SV40)-tra= these cells are unknown. In the hepatocytes, morphol. changes nsformed 3T3 mouse fibroblasts], human foreskin fibroblasts, or were first obsd. 24 hr after injection; there were large nos. of human lymphocytes did not inhibit cell growth measured after 4 autophagic vacuoles, and some cells showed extensive areas of days. None of the cells showed electron microscopic raorphol. focal cytoplasmic degeneration. The morphol. of the liver cells changes. Incubation of human fibroblasts and SV101 cells with returned to normal about 7 days after injection. No morphol l4C-labeled I showed that incorporation of I into the ceils did changes were obsd. in livers of mice receiving EDTA soln. occur, without liposomes. A possible mechanism by which the 1669a Effect of food restriction on the redistribution of liposome-encapsulated chelating agents can successfully remove hexachlorobenzene in the rat. Villeneuve, David C. (Health intracellular toxic metals is discussed. The use of liposomes as Prot. Branch, Bur. Chem. Safety, Ottawa, Ont.), Toxicol. carriers seems to be a useful tool for intracellular delivery of Appl. Pharmacol. 1975, 31(2), 313-19 (Eng), Adult qtale rats chelating agents or drugs in general. 1673x Mutagenicity of vinyl chloride, chloroethyleneoxide, chloroacetaldehydc, and chloroethanol. Malaveille, C.; Bartsch. H.; Barbin, A.; Camus. A. M.; Montesano, R,; Croisy, A.; Jacquignon. P. (Unit Chens. Carcinog., Int. Agency Res, Cancer, Lyons, Fr.), Biochem. Biophys. Res, Commun. 1975, 63(2), 363-70 (Eng). Exposure of Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1530, TA 1535 and G~46 toTinvl chloride [75-01-4] increased the no. of his* revertants/plate Its, 12 or d times over l the spontaneous mutation rate. The mutagenic response for TA VOtrCW-81. 71530 strain was enhanced 7-, 4- or 5-fold when fortified S-9 liver fractions from humans, rats or mice were added. In TA were given hexachlorobenzene (I) [113-74-1] (HCB) orally at 1530 strain.-^thloroocetic acid [79-11-8) showed only toiie doses of 0, 1.0, 10, and 100 mg/kg/day for 14 days. The diet of effects, whileschtoroacetaldehvde fl 07-20-0 l.'/ch loroethanol these animals was then restricted to 25% of their normal food [107-07-3] and^chloroethylene~oxide [7763-77-1] caused a intake for a period of 10 days after which all animals were killed mutagenic response. The latter compd. was shown to be a strong and their tissues removed for HCB anal. Food restriction caused alkylating agent. a mobilization of the HCB stored within the fat depot resulting !___J674y Thermal sensitization of Chinese hamster cells to in a transfer of this compd. into the plasma and other tissues of methyl methanesulfonate. Relation of DNA damage and the body. Toxic signs including loss of appetite, tremors, and repair to survival response. Ben-Hur, E.; Elkind, M. M. death occurred in the group of animals receiving 100 mg (Biol. Dep.. Brookhaven Natl. Lab., Upton, N. Y,). Cancer HCB/kg and subjected to food restriction. The tissue residue Biochem. Biophys. 1974, 1(1), 23-32 (Eng). Treatment of profile indicated that death occurred when b'rain HCB concn, Chinese hamster cells with the monofunctional alkylating agent exceeded 300 ppm. methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) [66-27-3] at temps, above 1670u Seborrhea on rat. III. In the case of branched 37 increased cell killing. Further, thermal sensitization was esters. Matsumoto, Osamu; Totani, Youichiro; Matsuo, markedly enhanced by the lengthening of exposure times at Noboru (Coll. Technol., Seikei Univ., Musashino, Japan). elevated temps. Temps, up to --41 led to a redn, in the Yukagaku 1975, 24(2), 127-30 (Japan). For the purpose of shoulder of the survival curve, while those >41 also resulted in clarifying the effects of structure and the no. of C atoms of esters an increase in the final slope of the survival curve. Fractionated on the development of seborrhea, the oleic acid esters of exposures to MMS showed that during incubation at 37* mono-hydroxyalcs. having side chains were prepd. and fed to between 2 exposures, the cells were able to repair sublethal rats at a level of 15% of the feed. When iso-Pr oleale damage while incubation at 41 reduced the extent of such [112-11-8], tert-Bu oleale [16792-04-4], tert-amyl oleale repair. DNA from MMS treated cells was sedimented in alk. [55130-09-1], iso-amyl oleate [627-39-4], 1,3-dimethylbutyl sucrose gradients to demonstrate drug-induced lesions expressed oleale [55130-10-4], 2-ethylhexyl oleale [26399-02-0], as single-strand breaks under alk. conditions. A pronounced 2-methylheptyl oleate [55130-11-5], and 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienyl increase in the yield of single-strand breaks was obsd. after drug oleate [55I30-I2-S] were used, development of seborrhea was treatment at 42 compared to 37. The repair of single-strand obsd. in all cases. The C nos. of all the esters above were <2S. breaks in DNA derived from MMS treated cells was inhibited by In previous expts., when satd. straight chain monohydroxvalc. incubation at 42. Prolonged incubation of MMS treated cells at esters of oleic acid were used, although the C no. was <23, there 42 led to degrdn. of the DNA derived from them. These, as was no symptom of seborrhea. In the case of the ester of well as other data, supported a partial similarity in actioo tertiary-type mono-hydroxyalcs., a remarkable development was between MMS and x-irradn. recognized, esp. with tert-Bu oleate and terr-amyl oleate. I675z Death of woody ornamentals associated with 1671 v Function of erythrocytes in attaching seIenium-75-= leaking natural gas. Garner, J. H. B. (Natl. Environ. Res labeled selenite onto specific plasma proteins. Sandholm, Cent.. Research Triangle Park, N. C.). Int. Shade Tree Coni., Markus (Dep. Med.. Coll. Vet. Med., Helsinki, Finland). Acta Proc. 1973, 49, 13-17 (Eng). A review with 32 refs., and with Pharmacol. Toxicol, 1975, 36(4), 321-7 (Eng). The binding of some exptl. data on plots planted with willow oaks, crepe myrtle T1Se-labe!ed sodium selenite [10102-18-3], to human plasma and azalea plants. Natural gas leaking into soil displaces soil ah proteins was studied in the presence and absence of erythrocytes, to some extent, but provides an energy source for natural and the binding proteins were detected by crossed immuncr-elect^ gas-util>2ing bacteria. The rapid uptake of natural gas results in rophoresis followed by autoradiog. The erythrocytes metabolized the development of anaerobic soil conditions, and unde_r labelled selenite, which bound to specific plasma proteins. anaerobic conditions microorganisms transform sulfates to H:5 d-Llpoprotein and albumin were initially the most heavily [7733-06-4], The HtS inhibits root respiration and nutrient pace It' LIj.r,iivenl.mt!.;rr*' f. I r,, Uu bchJ'i' gi.ndiet Oak Rii S',nPAustria in lake more su and esp Cd fron on Cd Cd-soil from so antagon jyiOSt 3' detritus from ra Stream 10 the e aquatic develop' 16771 ruthen: experin Prot., C Environ IAEA: Corallir M-tilus [13967species, plaice a was folk polymer or muss accumul phase or 1G7SC of the Jarvenp Yugosla 1973 ( Adult a CdCh (TL,,) t. toxic cc 30-day with im tested. 33 fr (/) co CJl fcs 00 ro omed, fe contains I)/kg, start of intake. ^ /day. v II excre cnm. mi I was fo page U5 4-Toxicology Vol. 82, 1975 it *7, I33STS Bi.) and a 2,3-dehydrocyclopentabenzopyrandione congener did not show any binding, supporting the idea that microsomal mixed-function oxygenase-catalyzed oxidn. of the C2-C3 double bond of aflatoxins is a prerequisite for the formation of nucleic acid-binding metabolites. In assays involving benzo[a]pyrene (III) [50-32-8], microsomes from phenobaroital-treated rats were less active than those from 3-methy!cholanthrene-treated animals, while the reverse was true for aflatoxin metabolites, suggesting that different enzymes were involved with the various polycyclic metabolites. 133S10d Temperature-sensitive mutants of chemically transformed epithelial cells. Yamaguchi, Nobuo; Weinstein, I Bernard (Coil. Physicians Surg., Columbia Univ., New York, N. V.). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1975, 72(1), 214-18 (Eng). The first temp.-sensitive mutants of epithelial cells transformed with chem. carcinogens were isolated. Like the wild-type transformed parental cells, the mutants readily grew in agar suspension at 36, but in contrast to the wild type, they did not do so at 40. Detailed studies of one of these mutants, TS-223, indicated that at high temp, it also had reduced cloning efficiency in monolayer culture and a lower satn. d. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that at 40s confluent cultures of TS-223 consisted of a monolayer of generally flat polygonal cells, whereas 36 cultures contained many patches of piled-up cells that were spherical and had rougher surface membranes. All of these cellular changes were reversible with upward or downward temp, shifts. The temp.-sensitive lesion appeared to reside in a host cell gene which modulated expression of the transformed cell phenotype. These mutants may provide a useful system for elucidating the minimal biochem. changes required for expression of the transformed phenotype in epithelial cells. 1338lie Modifying effect of dimethyl sulfoxide and other chemicals on experimental skin tumor induction. Stenback, Frej; Garcia, Humberto (Med. Cent,. Univ. Nebraska, Omaha, Nebr.). Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1975, 243, 209-27 (Eng). The solvent used to 'apply carcinogens to the skin of mice affected tumor yield to some extent. DSISO [67-68-5] did not affect the initiating phase in 2-phase skin carcinogenesis, and no direct carcinogenic effect of DMSO was found after either percutaneous application or oral ingestion. 2,4-Dinitrophenol [51-28-5] and ehloropromazlne [50-53-3] did not promote tumor formation. Irradn. with a light source having a spectrum similar to that of sunlight for 1 hr after carcinogen application decreased the tumor yield relative to the solvent used, although the irradn. itself did not produce a significant morphol. response. 133812f New common marker for premalignant and malignant hepatocytes induced in the rat by chemical carcinogens. Okita, K.; Kligman, L. H.; Farber, E. (Sch. Med., Temple Univ., Philadelphia, Pa,), J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 1975, 54(1), 199-202 (Eng). A new common antigen, preneoplastic (PN), was found in every early and late hyperplastic nodule and in every primary hepatoma induced by N-2-fluoren= ylacetamide, ethiomne, 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene, dimethyinitrosamine, or diethylnitrosamine in three strains of rats (CFN, F344, and BUF), It so far has not been found in normal adult rat liver, liver surrounding nodules or cancer, fetal liver, amniotic fluid, adult rat serum, sera from rata with hyperplastic nodules or primary hepatomas, or various normal rat tissues, Immunofluorescent staining indicated the PN antigen was present in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in hyperplastic nodules and in primary hepatoma^ Hypothesis on the fundamental nature of PN are discussed. !,' ---. 133813g Carcinogenicity; bioassays of vinyl chloride. Current results. Maltoni, Cesare; Lefemine, Giuseppe (1st. Oncol., Bologna, Italy). Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1975, 246,, 195-218 (Eng). Vinyl chloride (VC) [75-01-4] induced tumors in rat3, mice, and hamsters, and the spectrum of induced tumors varied from species to species. E.g., VC produced lung adenomas, mammary carcinomas, liver angiosarcomas ana angiomas and skin epithelial tumors in mice, but produced Zymbal gland carcinomas, liver nephroblastomas and angiosarcomas, skin carcinoma, hepatomas and brain neuroblastomas in rats. The strain factor also affected the neoplastic response 83 reflected by the results obtained from Sprazue-Dawley rats and Wistar rats. Two s.c. angiosarcomas were obsd. in the offspring of breeders exposed to VC during pregnancy for 7 days, indicating a transplacental effect. The observation of a few cases of ossifying angiosarcomas suggested a new orientation in the pathogenetic interpretation of acroosteolysis in workers exposed to VC. 133814h Preferential induction of'central or peripheral nervous system tumors in rats by nitrosourea derivatives, Cravioto, Humberto M.; Weiss. Joseph F.; Goebel, Hans H.: Weiss, Elvira deC,; Ransohoff, Joseph F. (Med. Cent., New York Univ., New York, N. Y.). J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 1974. 33(5), 595-615 (Eng). A single i.v. dose of ethylnitrosourea [759-73-9] (20 mg/kg), given late in pregnancy to rats, induced neural tumors in 83-89% of the offspring in all 4 rat strains. Intracerebral application of- ethylnitrosourea (10 mg/kg) to newborn rats induced purely neurogenic tumors in 91 % of the animals, usually at sites distant from the injection site. Oral ethylnitrosourea (10 mg/kg) given to 10-day-old rats induced tumors in 42% of treated animals, 50% of the tumors being gliomas, and 50% neurinomas. SIethylnitrosourea [684-93-5] (20 mg/kg) given i.v. once a month to adult rats, induced neurogenic tumore in more than 80% of animals. A consistent and reliable method to induce gliomas in rats apparently involved a single i.v. dose of ethylnitrosourea in the last 5 days of pregnancy or by intracerebral administration of the carcinogen into the newborn rats. 133815j In vivo and in vitro binding of ethionine with nucleic acids. Grilli, Sandro; Ferreri, Anna M.; Rocchi, Paola; Prodi, Giorgio (1st. Cancerol., Univ. Bologna, Bologna, Italy). Gann 1974, 65(6), 507-11 (Eng). The in uiuo binding of ethionine [13073-35-3] with RNA, nuclear proteins, cytoplasmic proteins, and DNA rat liver, at high doses of carcinogen, is described. The binding in uitro to DNA required the presence of microsomes, and was higher using polynucleotides as acceptors. Acid hydrolysis performed on DNA and poly~A [24937-83-5] after incubation with labeled ethionine in vitro led to radioactive compds. not coincident with 7-ethylguanine. N. H. Grant 133816k Effect of t-N-DL-trimethyllysin on a human lymphocyte culture in vitro. Stotz, Gyula; Szende. Bela; Lapis, Karoly; Tyihak. Erno (I. Korbonctani Intex., Semmelweis Orvostud. Egy., Budapest, Hung,). Kiserl. Orvostud. 1974, 26(4), 352-7 (Hung). t-N-ou-Trimethyllysine [28101-37-31 (5 and 25 ng/I. induced biastic transformation in thymus-depenaent human lymphocytes in vitro, and stimulated DNA synthesis. 133817m Metabolism of safrole and 2',3`-epoxysafrole in the rat and guinea pig. Stillwell, W, G.; Carman, M. J.; Bell, L.; Homing, M. G. (Inst Lipid Res., Baylor Coll. Med,, Houston, Tex.). Drug Metab, Dispos. 1974, 2(6), 489-98 (Eng). After i.p. administration of safrole (I) [94-59-7] or \V I.-Ch:CH2 D.R-CH-CHj safrole epoxide (II) [7470-44-2] to rat or guinea pig, the major urinary metabolites were lfi-methylenedioxy-4-{2.3-dihydrox = ypropyl)benzene [7154-01-0], 122 dihyd.roxy-4-[2,3 dikydrox - ypropyl)benzene [54S50-1O-1], and 2-hydroxy-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)proponoic acid [949-14-4]. 1 j2-Dihydroxy-4-all= yibenzene [1126-61-0], 1J2-methylenedioxy-4-(l-hydroxyallyl)- benzene [5208-87-7] and 3,4-methylenedioxybenzoylglycine [27855-25-0] were major metabolites of I only. 2-Hydroxy-3-{3,~ 4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid [23028-17-3] was identified after II administration only, in both rat and guinea pig urine, and a small amt. of IJ-methylenedioxy~4-(lJ!,3-trihydroxypro= pyl)benzene [54850-11-2] was found only in rat urine. II was found in the urine of both species. The conversion of the allyl side chain to a 2,3-dihydroxypropyl side chain probably involves II as an intermediate. 133818n Effect of cancerogenic substances on mastocytopoiesis in the amphibian (Rana esculenta). Kapa, Eszter (Dep. Biol., Semmelweis Univ, Med., Budapest, Hung.). Acta Biol. Acad. Sci. Hung. 1974, 25(1-2), 1-7 (Eng). Seven to 21 days after injection of 100 ag methyleholanthrene (I) [56-49-5] / frog into thymus, or after placing a I crystal directly on the thymus, in vivo, numerous alcian blue-pov mast cells of lymphoid and reticular type were obsd. in the thymus. One thymus contained 50-60 Gomori-pos. cells, on the av. 1 treatment increased in the thymua the no. of myoid cells displaying striated myofibrils, arranged concentrically. The spleen of the I-treated frogs contained numerous alcian blue-pos. mast ceils of the lymphoid type, mast cells of mixed granulation, and mature, safranine-pos. mast cells. Numerous safranine and toluidine blue-pos. mast type cells were present in the mesentery. Many of the peripheral mast cells were in the page 111 4-Toxicology VoL S3, 1975 highest absorption rale with no prefumigntion and sugar maple, 142665m Effects of vinyl_chloride exposures to rats a tolerant species, had the lowest. After 20 hr or more of pretreated with phenobarbital. Drew,-Robert T.; Harper, prfeCflun* ii'gfsaJ tki,ov n" with 1i,,w96w5 fig/m3 (0.75 Kppr*m**)' *S-O'"'?**, the rsatwe^ uotf' ru'Jrttniso;, ^Gsuj p, ta, Bohla N.; Talley. ,. Fred A. (Pharmacol. Branch, sulfur absorption was reduced In all species except white ash, ak, 'fCatl. -Tnst. Enyiron. Health Sci., Research Triangle Park, N. species intermediate in sensitivity. The relation between species- vC.), Em-iron. Health Perspect. 1975, 11, 235-42 (En sensitivity and absorption rate thus changed with the prefumigation treatment. The foliar sulfur content of all species increased with H SOc fumigation. Sulfur-35 absorbed from the atmosphere as \ o. , isSOr was cuncd. mainly in the leaves shortly after fumigation, but by the eighth day had been translocated throughout the v i--4,nh plants. Amts, of sulfur translocated to roots varied with species. vx p ' j] 142061 d Effect of dithiocarbamic acid derivatives on the 0i skin temperature of mice and the amount of oxygen consumed by them. Korablev, M. V. (USSR). Gigiena Iruda i okhraita cdorov'ya noseleniya 1974, 157-60 (Russ). From Ref. The microsomal xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme inducer, phe~ Zh., Khim. 1975, Abstr. No. 71569. Title only translated. nobarbital (I) [50-06-6], or 3-methylcholanthrene [56-49-5] = 142662e Effect of ethanol on intestinal amino acid -pretreated male rats were exposed to vinyl chloride [75-01-4] transport. Chang, Tsun; Glazko, Anthony J. (Res. Dev. Div., vapors at 13,500 ppm, 6 hr/day, for 10 days, and addnl. Parke, Davis, and Co., Ann Arbor, Mich.). Alcohol Abnorm. 1-pretreated rats were exposed to vinyl chloride vapors at 17,300 Protein Biosynth. 1975, 95-110 (Eng). Edited by Rothschild, ppm for 2 days. In both expts,, the only marked difference .Marcus Adolphus; Oratz, Murray, Schreiber, Sidney S. Pergamon: noted was a decrease in the growth rate of the animals exposed Elmsford, N. Y, A review with 57 refs. to vinyl chloride and treated with I. This decreased growth rate 142663f Effects oT chromates (potassium chromate(VI)) on was particularly apparent on the 3rd day of exposure. Occasional the respiratory metabolism and the tissue water-mineral morphol. changes were also noted in the liver of the animals balance in the nymph larvae of two bottom-dwelling treated with I and exposed to vinyl chloride. No change was frcsh-w'ater insects. Chaisemartin, C. (Lab. Biol, Anim., obsd. in organ wt$., and in benzphetamine-N-demetnylase U.E.R. Sci., Limoges, Fr.). C. R. Seances Soc. Biol. Se$ Fit. [37237-40-4] activity and cytochrome P 450 [9035-51-2] 1975, 169(2), 334-90 (Fr). The toxicity of potassium chromate content of liver microsomes. Implications of these findings are (VD [7739-00-6] to Ecdyonurus and Sympetrum nymph larvae discussed. cV S ( i'S . ' 7^2 was studied. Intraspecifically, the percentage of survival ~~142669n Localization and uptake of copper into chromatin. decreased with increasing chromate concn.; 2 ppm being lethal Hardy, Kenneth J,; Bryan, Sara E. (Dep. Biol. Sci., Univ. New within 24 hr. Changes in ionic equil. did not correspond to Orleans, New Oreleans, La.). Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1975, simple variations in water content of the circulating liq. 33(1), 62-9 (Eng). Following administration of deionized water Natremia and kalemia were increased, but in general, the alone (control) or deionized water contg. cupric chloride content of the major constituents of the organism was decreased [7447-39-4] to mice, Cu [7440-50-3] was detected in the total in the presence of Cr [7440-47-3]. At chromate concns. >0.1 liver, liver nuclei, and nuclear fractions including control nuclei ppm, 0 uptake was decreased by ~50%. and control heterochromatin and euchromatin. Cu content in 142664g Effect of a beryllium complex on the growth of control euchromatin remained const, at ~0.3 Mg/mg DNA, while Pseudomonas fluoresccns (types R and S). I. Effect on the the concn. in control heterochromatin was* subject to wider lag phase. MacCurdick, J,; Hornsperger, J. M.; Wurtz, B. variations. An elevation in total liver Cu followed prolonged (Croupe Spectrochim. Mol., Univ. Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, treatment with the metal and was accompanied by an increase in Fr.). C. R. Sconces Soc. Biol. Ses Fit. 1975, 169(2), 417-21 total nuclear Cu. A preferential uptake of Cu by heterochromatin (Fr). The toxic effect of Be [7440-41-7] on P. fluorescens was was suggested by the majority of metal binding to this fraction; characterized by lengthening of the lag phase, the increase being there was no significant metal accumulation in euchromatin. proportional to the square of the Be concn. This lengthening Dialysis equil, expts. indicated that heterochromatin binds was accompanied by progressive adaptation to high concns. of considerable Cu under physiol, ionic strength (154 mAf), whereas Be. euchromatin fails to bind appreciable amts. This biol. specificity 142665h Effect of beryllium complex on the growth of was lost under conditions of low ionic strength (<2 mAi NaCl). Pseudomonas fluorescens (types R and S). II. Competition 142670f Scrum AFP [u-fetoproteinj levels in the rat with magnesium. MacCordick. J.; Wurtz, B.; Hornsperer, J. following carbon tetrachloride intoxication and partial M. (Croupe Spectrochim. Mol., Univ. Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, hepatectoray. Gilli. J.; Masseyeff, R. (Lab. Immunol., U.E.R. Fr.). C. R. Seances Soc. Biol. Ses Fil. 1975, 169(2), 421-5 (Fr). Med., Nice, Fr.). Colloq. Inst. Natl. Sante Rech. Med. 1974, The inhibitory effect of Be [7440-41-7] on the growth of P. 2S(Alpha-Foeto-Proleine. C. R. Conf. Int., 1974), 231-9 (Fr). fluorescens appeared to be due in part to competition between In 7-week-old rats. CCL [56-23-5] intoxication increased blood Be and Mg [7439-95-4] at the level of various processes serum -fetoprotein levels to a max. of 100-200 ng/ml from a necessary for cellular metab. This effect was complicated by an normal level of 50 ng/ml for this age group. In 12-w'eek-old adaptation phenomenon based on selection of cells most resistant rats, CCh only slightly increased a-fetoprotein levels the first to the inhibitor. 2-3 days after its inhalation. No changes in serum a-fetoprotein 14266Gj Pharmacokinetics of polychlorinated biphenyl levels were obsd. in CCU-poisoned 60-week-old rats. Partial components in swine and sheep after a single oral dose. hepatectomy had no effect on blood serum a-fetoproteins, Borchard, R. E.; Welborn, M. E.; Wiekhorst, W, B,; Wilson, D. regardless of the age of the animals. W.; Hansen, L. G. (Coll. Vet. Med., Univ. Illinois. Urbana, 142671 g Effect of d-aminopropionitrile on acid hydrolases 111.). -J. Pharm. Sci. 1975, 64(3), 1294-9 (Eng). Single-dose and selected metabolites in orofacial structures of fetal oral administration of a com. polychlorinated biphenyl product rats. DelBalso, A. M.; Kauffman, F. C. (Sch. Med. Dent., conig. 54% chlorine provided data with which to plot the time State U iv. New York, Buffalo, N. Y.). Arch. Oral Biol. 1975, course of total polychlorinated biphenyl and individual components 20(4), -5 tEng). The dietary administration of @-aminop = in the blood of swine and sheep. Pharmacokinetic parameters ropio ? [151-1S-3] to pregnant rats altered enzyme describing absorption from the gut and elimination from a activi. ;,d tissue components assoed. with glycosaminoglycan two-coinpartment body system were detd. for the components in metab. ,.i the palates, mandibles, and Meckel's cartilages of swine and sheep. The absorption half-time for total polychlorinated 16-day-oid fetuses. Albaline phosphatase [9001-73-9], biphenyl in swine was 1.13 hr while that for sheep was 3.S3 hr. 0-galactosidase [9031-11-2], N-acetyl-0-o-glucosaminidase The half-time for disposition of total polychlorinated biphenyl [9012-33-3], acid phosphatase [9001--77-S], and 0-glucuronidase from the central compartment was 4.4 hr in swine and 7.7 hr in [9001-45-0] activities were detd., as well as tissue concns. uronic sheep; the apparent biol. half-life was 62.4 hr in swine and 73.8 acids hydroxyproline [51-35-4], and hexosamines. The hr in sheep. Individual components varied significantly from responses of the enzymes and metabolites to ,3-aminopropionitrile each other and from total polychlorinated biphenyl in all were tissue dependent, and this may reflect differences in parameters. cellular compn. of the various structures. ' l42G67k Effects of nitrogen dioxide and 3-mcthyIcholanthrene 142672h Inhibition of corn and sunflower photosynthesis op pulmonary enzymes. Law, F. C. P.; Drach, J, C.: by lead. Ba2zaz, F. A.; Carlson, Roger W.; Rolfe, G. L. (Dep. Sinsheimer, J. E. (Sch. Dent., Univ. Michigan, Arm Arbor, Bot., Univ. Illinois, Urbana, 111.). Physiol. Plant. 1975. 34(4), Mich.). J, Pharm. Sci. 1975, 64(3), 1421-2 (Eng). Guinea pig 326-9 (Eng). Lead [7439-92-1] (as PbCh) supplied to lung phenol-O-mcthyUronsfercse [3725G-94-3], catechol-O- detached corn and sunflower leaves via the transpiration stream -methyltranf[erase [9012-25-3], and benzpyrene hydroxylase decreased the rales of photosynthesis, both the extent of this [9l>37-52-9] activities were examd. after nitrogen dioxide inhibitory effect and the amt. of lead taken up increasing with [ 10102-44-0] and 3-methylcholunthrene [56-49-5] treatment. increased lead treatment levels. Transpiration rates were also While benzpyrene hydroxylase activity was enhanced by 3-me- diminished, suggesting that lead contamination may increase the thylcholantbrcne, none of the pulmonary enzyme activities were stomatal resistance. Water vapor and COt exchanges by the altered after exposure to either 40 or 70 ppm of nitrogen dioxide leaves were discussed in relation to the effects of lead on for 2 hr. photosynthesis and transpiration. R&S 135484 P-vg,= 127 4-Toxicalogy V'ol. S3, 1975 91703 R&S 135485 91676c Biochemical bases for the effect of alcohol on the Van Thiel, M. (Neth.). Phorm. K'echbl. 1975r 11004), 2S4-5 central nervous system. Sytiqskii, I- A. (Leningr. Llniv,, (Neth). A review with 5 refs. i - ) ~ ; \ yy Leningrad, USSR), Usp. Fiziol. K'auk 1975, 6(1), 49-84 91690c Vinyl chloride. Toxfcity and iAe in the plastics (Russ). A review with 331 refs. The effects of EtOH [64-17-5] .industry. Kekki-Hellman, Annele (Puun Muovien Kem. on carbohydrate. lipid and protein metab., active transport of Laitos, Helsingin Yliopisto, Helsinki. Finland). Kem. - Kemi ions and amino acids, and neuromediators in the brain are 1975, 2(4), 1.59-62 (Finnish). A review with 9 refs. discussed. 91fi77d Genetic regulation and mechanisms of P-450 C/V T. T V T-jT K. H. Zingraf 9169Td Human toxicity of some metal pollutants in sea oxygenase action, Gunsalus, I. C.; Marshall, V. P. (Sch. water. Mascherpa, P. (1st. Farmacol. Ter. Sper., Univ, Pavia, Chem. Sci,, Univ. Illinois, L'rbana, 111,). Survival Toxic Pavia, Italy), Riv. Clin. Tossicol. 1973, 3(3-4), 241-3 (Ital). Environ., [Pop. Symp.} 23 Dec 1973-30 Dec 1973 (Pub. 1974), A review, with 7 refs., of some toxicoi. aspects of Pb [7439-92-1] 295-313 (Eng), Edited by Khan, Mohammed Abdul Quddus: and Hg [7439-97-6] pollution in seawater and fish, Bederka, John P. Academic: New York, N. Y. A review with 29 91692e Teratogenicity, mutagenicity, and cellular toxicity refs. P-450 oxygenase [55963-41-2] is discussed from both the of phthalatc esters. Dillingham, E. 0.; Autian. J, (Mater. Sci. chem. and genetic viewpoints. Toxicol. Lab., Univ, Tennessee Med. Units, Memphis, Tenn.i. 91$7Se Adaptation and its_limits during the effects of Environ. Health Perspect, 1973, (3), Sl-9 (Eng). A review poisons working mutagenically and embryotropically. with 5 refs. Fomenko, V, N.; Strekalova. E. E.; Katosova, L, D.; Chirkova, 91693f Achievements of experimental oncology and E. M.; Sal'nikova, L, S.; Silant'ev;^ I. V.; Efimenko, L. P.; problems of t ho study of morphogenesis of tumors, Puzharis-kii, Kulakov, A. E, (USSR). Itogi Kauki Tckh., Farmakot., K. M. (Lab. Eksp. Opukholei, N'auchno-Issled. Inst. Onkol. im. Khimioter. Srcdstva. ToksikoL, Probl. Toksikol. 1973, 5, Petrova, Leningrad, USSR). Arkh. Palol. 19*5, 37(4), S2-92 12S-45 (Russ). A review with 22 refs. Cytogenetic damages (Russ). A review with 109 refs. Exptl. oncol. models, carcinogenic caused by mutagenic and embryotropic poisons in somatic and substances, ways of inducing tumors, and tumor morphogenesis generative cells are discussed in relation to adaptation processes. are discussed. The effects of pesticides and alkylating agents are emphasized. 91694g Substrate of the photodynamic effect of 3.4^0 = 91679f Fixation of a primary effect in experiments with nzpyrene. Molina. A. M. (1st. Microbiol., Univ. Siena. Siena, chemical carcinogens. Olenov, Yu. M. (Inst. Tsitol., Leningrad, Italy), Ig. Mod. 1974, 67(6), 746-59 (Ital). A review, with 25 USSR), ('opr. Onkol, 1975, 21(4), 63-74 (Russ), A review with S5 refs. Epigenome changes during carcinogenesis are discussed with special emphasis on cellular and enzymic changes during the 1st days after administration of chem. carcinogens. OlfiSOz Effect of ultraviolet radiation on tolerance of the organism to chemical substances. Gabovich, R. D.; Minkh, A. A.; Motuzkov, I. N. (Kiev. Med, Inst., Kiev, USSR). Vestn. Aknd. Med. .Xnuk SSSR 1975, (3), 26-37 (Russ). A review with 23 refs. The effects of uv on tolerance to heavy' metals, refs., of model expts. on the action of uv- or visible light-activated benzene [71-43-2], carbon tetrachloride [56-23-5], hezachl~ 3,4-benzpyrene (I) [50-32-S] on bacteriophage and Escherichia wrocyclahcxane [5S-S9-9], and mclhylmercaptophos [S022-00-2] coli. These indicate that proteins, rather than DNA, are the are discussed. targets for the photodynamic effect of the irradiated carcinogen. 916SIa Cellular and humoral immune responses to 91695h Toxicology of orgnnophosphates. Elskamp, D, M. neoantigens associated with chemically-induced tumors. W.; Meeter, E.; Berends. F. (Neth.). Chem. Tech. (Amsterdam) Baldwin, R. (V.; Bowen, J. G,; Embtelon, M. J.; Price, M. R.; 1975, 30(5), A21-A25 (Neth). A review with no refs. Robins, R. A. (Cancer Res. Campaign Lab., Univ. Nottingham, 91696j Toxicity of organotin chemicals added as stabilizers Nottingham, Engl.). Prog. Immunol., Proc, Int. Congr. and their uses as pesticides. Miyake, Muriji; Fujita, Sanae Immunol,, 2nd 1974, 3, 239-48 (Eng), Edited by Brent, (Sankyo Yukigosei Co., Japan). Kagaku To Kogyo (Osaka) Leslie; Holborow, John. North-HoHand: Amsterdam, Neth. 1975, 49(3), 90-7 (Japan). A review with 35 refs. T, Nishioks A review with 39 refs. DIG97k Biochemical basis of liver necrosis caused by 916S2b Mycotoxins. Toxicity, carcinogenicity, and the pyrrolizidine alkaloids and other hepatotoxins. Schoental, influence of various nutritional conditions. Newberne. Paul R. (Dep. Pathol., R. Vet. Coll.. London, Engl.). Biochem. Soc. M. (Dep. Nulr. Food Sci., Massachusetts Inst. Technol.. Trans. 1975. 3(2), 292-4 (Eng), Mechanisms of depletion of Cambridge, Mass.). Environ. Health Pcrsprct. 1974, (9), 1-32 liver NAD enfactors in the hepatotoxicity of the title compds. are (Eng). A review with 165 refs. reviewed. 13 Refs. 9I6S3c Elemental analysis of asbestos fibers by means of 91693m Formation of nitroso compounds in man. Evaluation electron probe techniques. Rubin, Ivan B.; Maggiore, Carl J. of the problem. Sander, J. (Hyg.-Inst,, Univ, Tuebingen, (Ml. Sinai Sch. Med., City Univ. New York, New Sork, N. Y.). Tuebingen. Ger.). Proc. Int. Symp. Sitrite Meat Prod. 1973 Environ. Health Pcr^pect. 1974, (9), 31-94 (Eng), A review' (Pub. 1974), 251-5 (Eng). Edited by Krol, B.; Tinbergen. B. J. with 26 refs. Pudoc, Cent. Agric. Publ. Doc.: Wageningen, Neth. A review OlfiStd Inhibition of protein synthesis by activated with 9 refs. diphtheria toxin. Pappc-nheimer. A. M., Jr.; Gill, D. Michael 9lG99n Water constituents and trace elements in relation (Biol. Lab., Harvard Univ,, Cambridge, Mass.). Mol. Mech. to cardiovascular diseases. Sharrett, A. Richey: Feinleib, Antibiot, Action Protein Biasynth. Mcmbr., Proc. Symp. 1971 Manning (Natl. Heart Lung Inst., Natl, Inst. Health, Bethesda. (Pub. 1972), 134-49 (Eng). Edited by Munoz, E.; Gaxcia-Ferrandiz, Md.), Preu. Med. 1975, 4(1), 20-36 (Eng). A review with S3 F.; Vazquez, D. Elsevier: Amsterdam, Neth. A review with 37 refs. refs. 91700f Effects of industrial chemicals on human subjects. 916S5e Permeability changes in the blood-brain barrier. Ikeda, Masavuki (Sch. Med., Tohoku Univ., Sendai, Japan). Causes and consequences. Pardridge, W. M.; Connor, J. D,; Yuki Coset Kagaku Kyokai Shi 1975, 33(5), 347-69 (Japan). Crawford, I. L. (Milton S. Hershey Med. Cent., Pennsylvania A review with 97 refs, on the absorption, metab., excretion, State Univ., Hershey. Pa.). CRC Crit. Reo. Toxicol. 1975. dose-response relationship and adverse effects of industrial 3(2), 159-99 (Eng). A review with 250 refs. materials, and control against injury caused by them, 916S6f Pancreatic islet-cell toxicity. Fischer, Lawrence J.; M, Ohsawa Rickert, Douglas E. (Toxicol. Cent., Univ. Iowa, Iowa City, 9170Ig Comparison of the tumorigenic effects of chemical Iowa). CRC Crit, Rev. Toxical. 1975, 3(2), 231-63 (Eng). carcinogens and hormones. Nandi, S. (Dep. Zfxd., Univ, A review with 170 refs. The toxic effects of diabetogenic agents California. Berkeley, Calif.). J. Anim. Sci. 1975, 40(6), 1263-6 which affects the d-cel! functions: compds. which cause cytoplasmic (Eng). A review with 11 refs. vacuolization of ,3-cells; sulfonamides, glucocorticoids, and zinc 91T02h Anatoxin mutagenesis. Ong, Tong-Man (Natl. Inst. chelators; and the agents which alter a-ccll function are Environ. Health Sci.. Research Triangle Park, N, C.). Mulct. discussed. Res. 1975, 32(11,35-53 (Eng). A review with 108 refs. 916S7g Phthalatc ester pollution in Japan. Effects on 9l7ll3j Mutagenicity of saccharin. Kramers, P. G. N. (Dep. experimental animals. Ota. Hideo (Aichi Prefect. Ir.st. Public Radiat. Ge.net. Chem. Mutagenesis, State Univ. Leiden. Leiden. Health, Nagoya, Japan), Kagaku (Tokyo) 1975. 45(3), 182-3 Neth.). Mutat. Res, 1975, 32(1), 81-92 (Eng). Studies on the (Japan). A review of recent progress on the studies of phthalate esters concerned with the effects on exptl. animals and the \l present conditions of phthalate ester pollution in Japan, o N. Tanahashi 916SSh Overview. P.iological consequences of environmental control. Treshow, Michael (Biol. Dtp., Univ. Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah), Environ. Health Perspect. 1975, MO), 215-22 (Eng). A review without rtfs. 91G39j Comparison of the content of carbon monoxidc- = mutagenicity of saccharin (l) [81-07-2] are reviewed with 46 hemoglobin in smokers and nonsmokers. Sot'.erboek, A. M.; refs. Jl7u4 Cheniital Abstracts Vol. S3, iy75 r\ ' / Page 12S Sj 91704k Mycotoxins of possible importance in diseases of ambient air. and factors in and related to water in the etiol. of Canadian farm animals. Harwig, J.; Munro. 1. C. (Health heart diseases caused by atherosclerosis is reviewed with 70 refs. Prut. Branch, Health Welfare Dep. Canada, Ottawa, Ont.). 91721 p Detection and identification of illicit drugs.- Can, V'cr. ). 1975, 16(5), 125-41 (Eng). A review with 137 refs. Phillips, G. F. (Lah. Gov. Them., London, Engl.). Chcm. Ind. ^^^91705m Use of animal models for the study of drug abuse. (London) 1975, (12), 497-3 (Eng). A review of the detn. of ^^Bchuster, Charles R.; Johanson, Chris E. (Univ. Chicago, illicit barbiturates, cocaine, and hallucinogens with 17 refs. ^^^"hicago, III.). Res. Ade. Alcohol Drug Prnbl. 1974, 1, 1-31 91722q Products used in cotton dyeing and finishing and . (Eng). A review with 75 refs. their toxic effects. Busch. F. M. (Lab. Anorg. Tech. Chem., ' 91706n Biological concerns in heavy metals pollution. Rijksuniv. Gent, Ghent, Beig.). Ann. Sci. Text. Bclg. 1974, Waldichuk, Michael (Pac. Environ. Inst., West Vancouver. B. 22(4), 231-93 (Neth). A review with 37 refs, nf the toxic effects C.). Pollut. Physiol. Mar. Org. 1974, 1-57 (Eng). Edited by of heavy metals, acids, alkalies, detergents, and dyes ip effluents Vernberg, F. John; Vernberg, Winona B. Academic: New York, from dye works on microorganisms and fish, as well a/the effects N. Y. A review with many refs, on marine heavy metal pollution. of BOD and COD. \^ 91707p Effects of exposure to a subacute concentration of 91723r Toxicology of the vi.nyl chloride monomer. Lefaux, parathion on the interaction between chemorcception and R. (Cons. Super. Hyg. Publ. France, Le Rainey, Fr.). Ann. water flow in fish. Kleerekoper, H. (Dep. Biol., Texas A and Hyg. Lang. Fr. - Med. Sutr. 1975. 11(1). 33-6 (Fr). M Univ., College Station, Tex.). Pullut, Phasiol. Mar. Org. A review with 13 refs, of the industrial hazards of vinyl chluride 1974, 237-45 (Eng). Edited by Vernherg, F. John: Vernherg, [75-01-4], including toxicnl. expts. in animals, and of the tu.xicnl. Winona B. Academic: New York, N. Y, A review with 34 refs. of vinyl chloride in relation to the-uje of polyvinyl chloride in 9170Sq Effects of fluorine and lead compounds on plants the food industry. c'.-C 2) ' /b"" and animals. Bovay, Ernest (Sin. Fed. Rech. Chim. Agric. ----- 91724s Glucocorticoid induction of murine mammary Hyg, Environ., Liebefeld'Berne. Switz.). Rie. Clin, Tossicol. tumor virus in vitro. Parks, W. P.; Scolnick. E. M.; Ransom, 1973, 3(5-6), 377-91 (Fr). A review with no refs, of the J. C. (Natl. Cancer Inst., Bethesda, Md.). Cold Spring Harbor symptoms of fluorine [7732-41-4] intoxication in plants and of Ssmp. Quant. Biol. 1974 (Pub. 1975). 59, Pt. 2. 1151 -S (Eng). F and lead [7439-92-1] levels in plants, soils, and animals in A review, with 29 refs., on the induction of virus in a murine relation to source or pollution. mammary tumor ceil line. 91709r Eutrophication, toxicosis of an ecosystem. 91725t Chemical carcinogens. Rademacher, Paul (Ger.). Grimaldi, E. (1st. Italiano Idrobiol.. Pallanza. Italy). Rie. Clin. Chcm. Unserer Zcit 1975. 9t3), 79-34 (Ger). The main types Tossicol. 1973, 3(5-6), 399-405 (Ital). A review, with 7 refs., of of chem. carcinogens, such as .Y-nitmso compds. and alkylating the eutrophication of lakes by agricultural, human, and industrial agents, the detn. of carcinogenic activity, mechanisms for chem. wastes, mainly with respect to N and P compds.. and the to.xicol. carcinogenesis, and safety precautions for working with carcinogens of algal blooms on eulrophic waters. in the lab. are reviewed with 14 refs. 91710j Agrochemicals as plant poisons. Conti, Gian G. 9172Gu Chemical mutagenesis and problems involved in (Fac. Agrar., Univ. Milano, Milan, Italy). Rie. Clin. Tossicol. the evaluation of environmental mutagens. Sobels, F. H. 1973, 3(5-6), 407-13 (Ital), A review, with 19 refs., of the toxic (Dep. Radial. Genet. Chem. Mutagenesis, Univ. Leiden, Leiden, effects of some herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides on Neth.). Proc. F.ur. Sac. Study Drug Toxic. 1973, 14, 160-3 nonlarget plants. (Eng). A review with 27 refs. 91711k Poisons and agricultural ecology. Baldacci, Elio; 91727v Comparative biological activity of some phenols. Conti, Cian G. (Fac. Agrar., Milan, Italy). Rie. Clin. Tossicol. Veldre, I. (Inst. Eksp. Klin. Med., Tallin, USSR). Mater, 1973, 3(1-2), 17-52 (Ital), A review, with 47 refs., of Mauchn. Scss. Vopr. Gig. Tr. Profpatol. Slants. Prom-sti., Nth agricultural ecol. which criticizes the view that all pesticides and 1974, 39-42 (Russ), Edited by Akkerberg, I. I. Inst. Eksp. fertilizers are environmental poisons. Data on the toxicity and Klin, Med. Minist. Zdravookhr. Est. SSR: Kohtla-Jarve, USSR. ^^odegradability of numerous pesticides are presented. The toxicity of phenols to various animal species was reviewed 91712m Harmful effects of methanol in alcoholic with 6 refs. ^Blvcragcs. Parro, Antonio da C. (Univ. Lourenco Marques. 9172Sw Environmental hazards for pesticides. Khambata, Laurenco Marques, Mozambique). Rev. Cienc. Agron., Ser. B S. R, (Rallis India Ltd., Bombay, India). Pesticides 1974, 1972, 5(1), 67-72 (Port). A review with 13 refs, on the harmful (Annual), 59-63 (Eng). A review with 3S refs. effects of ale. beverages contg. methanol [67-56-1], 91729x Chemical and biochemical methodology for the 91713n Identification and quantitative determination of assessment of hazards of pesticides for man. Miles. J. W. nitrosamincs. Truhaut, R. (Cent. Toxicol. Res., Fac. Pharm. (Cent. Disease Control. Bur. Trop. Dis.. Atlanta, Ga.l. U'. H. Biol. Sci., Paris, Fr.). IARC Sci. Publ. 1975, 9(N-Nitroso O.. Tech, Rep. Ser. 1975, 560, 26 pp. (Eng), A review with 48 Compd. Environ., Proc. Work. Conf,, 1973), 36-9 (Eng). refs. A review with 22 refs. The identification of uitrosamines by 9l730r Testing for liver toxicity. Klinger, W. (Inst. gas-liq. chromatog. using retention indices according to Kovats, Pharmacol. Toxicol,, Friedrich Schiller Univ., Jena, E, Ger.). and square-wave polarog. is discussed. Pruc. Eur. Soc. Study Drug Toxic, 1974, 15(Evp, Model Syst. 9l714p Cell-mediated mutagenesis of mammalian colls Toxicol. Their Significance Man, Proc. Meet., 1973), 2S3-8 with carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons. Huberman. E. (Eng). A review with 34 refs. (Dep. Genet., Weizmann Inst. Sci., Rvhnvot, Israel). IARC Set. 91731s Pathology. Studies of chronic toxicity and Publ. 1974, 10(Chem. Carcinog. E-says, Proc. Workshop, 1973), carcinogenicity. Ncwhi-rne, Paul M. (Dep. Nutr. Food Sci., 137-46 (Eng). A review with 27 refs. Massachusetts Inst. Ttchnol., Cambridge, Mass.), J. Assoc. 91715q Metabolism of tobacco alkaloids, Gorrod, J. W.; Off. Anal. Chcm. 1975. 5S(4), 650-6 (Eng). Exptl. design for Jenner, P. (Chelsea Coll., Univ. London, London. Engl.). both chronic and short term exposure toxicol. studies is reviewed Essays Toxicol. 1975, 6, 35-7S (Eng). A review with 131 refs. with 23 refs. 9171 fir Toxicology of hypobaric and hyperbaric environments. 9l732t Micro-scale blood lead determinations in screening. Small, Alfred; Friess, Seymour L. (Exp. Med. Div., Nav. Med. Evaluation of factors affecting results. Marcus. Martin; Res. Inst., Bethesda. Md.). Essays Toxicol. 1975, 6, 101-24 Hollander, Melvin; Lucas, Robert E.; Pfeiffer, Norman C. (Eng). A review with 150 refs. (Dep. Pathol., Fordham Hosp., Bronx. N. Y.). Clin. Chem. 91717s Metabolism of ethyl alcohol. II. Effects of ethyl (Winston-Salem, tV. C.) 1975, 21(4), 533-6 (Eng). The Delves alcohol on biological amines. Gajdus, A. (Lab. Rech. Biol.. micro-scale technique for blood Pb [7439-92-1 1 anal, is an Univ, Rene Descartes, Paris, Fr.). Ann. Biol. Clin. (Paris) accurate method for screening capillary blood specimens, 1974, 32(6), 479-85 (Fr). A review with 16 refs, of the effects of obtained by fingerstick, for Pb intoxication. Re.-ults are affected EtOH [64-17-5] on the metab. of adrenaline [51-43-4], by the age of the cun. loop, and hollow-cathode tube and by the noradrenaline [51-41-2], serotonin [50-67-9], acetylcholine spatial relationship between the optical lube and cup. Because [51-34-3], and y-aminobutyric acid [56-12-2], including the the glass in many com. available capillary tuhes (used in significance of these effects in neuropsychic manifestations and specimen collection) contains Pb and cannot lie decontaminated, ale. addiction. a Pb-free glass tube must be used. A soln. of citric acid in 9171SL Carcinogenesis in vitro. I. In vitro transformation EtOH effectively cleanses the puncture site. A double-blind of rat embryo cells. Correlations with the known tumorigenic study of 207 specimen; gave a mean value of 276.6 for the activities of chemicals in rodents. Freeman. Aaron E.: Igel, micro-scale method vs. 27.3.2 fur a m.wro--tale method. The Howard J.; Price, Paul J. (Child. Hosp., Akron. Ohio). In mean coeff. of variation for the micro--cale method was 5.75%. Vitro 1975. 11(2), 107-16 (Eng). A review and discussion with Thus, values of < 4SO j.g/1 are not tovic (|.e,, are significantly ^hefs. less than 67-0 ag/1, the value at which therapy is begun). The ^^B7I9u Biological effect of beryllium and its compounds. method is satisfactory a; a screening pri-cedure and for confirming ^^Pj'nikqv, V. V.; Kazenashev, V. F. (LS55R). Gig. Sanit. Pb analyses done by other methods. N. H. Grant 1975, (6), 56-9 (Russ). The toxicity of beryllium [7140-41-7] 9l733u Microdctermin.ttion of cadmium and load In whole was discussed with S refs. blood by nameless atomic absorption spectrometry using 91720n Environmental factors and cardiovascular carbon-tube and carbon-cup as sample cell and comparison disease. Epstein, F. H.; Schuek-r, G. (Med. Fak., Univ. with Hame studies. P' -a. F. D.t Balke. Johannes; Herher. Zurich, Zurich. Switz.). So:.- Pracecntiimcd. 1975, 20)2). R. F. M.t Ptulk. E. J. (Lah. Anal. Chcm.. Univ. Amsterdam, S3-S (Ger). The importance of the weather. CO [63U-CS-0] in Amsterdam. Neth.). An;!. Cb.m. 1975, 47)6), 534 -S <En|), Pa K Deti hK ptrf For f! an as s req1 hvd e: .Khi. Mn [74rr.ir leat [74 HN [7 4 H.Z 9 pol Ka' Jap 197 in.vTTT rati cor [77 po! on po! pla wh pol >a 33 V e CO CO cn 03 o> pr it sc St1 it Ck ft cC t I