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rull-Service Professional Testing, Inspection & Engineering Consultation PRODUCED BY FORD Testing Engineers & Consultants, Inc P.O.Box 249 1333 Rochester Road Troy, Michigan 48099 313-588-6200 or Dial T-E-S-T-l-N-G |oho Binicki, P.E. Kenneth Cummlni, LS.. P.E. Cereld M. BelUn, P.E. Elihu Geer, PhD, P.E. Mlchtel Divinlch, P.E. REQUIREMENT FOR FORMALDEHYDE VAPOR LEVEL ANALYSIS IN RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS The emission of formaldehyde vapors from urea-formaldehyde foam insulation (UFFI) has become a volatile subject since medical research has shown the vapor is linked to certain types of cancer and health problems. As you may be aware the Seller Must Disclose the type of insulation used in the building. Contractual modifications are now needed for the sales of houses and buildings where UFFI has been applied. Our experience has shown that buildings containing UFFI may have formaldehyde level ranges from ambient levels (0.02 ppm) to high levels (5.0 ppm). However, even though urea formaldehyde foam insulation may have been used, our analysis may show low levels of vapors which may not require remedial action. TESTING ENGINEERS AND CONSULTANTS, INC. provides environmental testing services to residential, commercial, and industrial concerns for formaldehyde vapor levels as well as other chemical parameters. Our test methods for formaldehyde vapors are recognized by the CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION as their method of choice. Additional support services are provided for the inspection of wall cavities for presence of UFFI using a boroscopic method, as well as insulation material identification by chemical and infrared spectroscopic analysis. If you or your clients have a need for atmospheric formaldehyde analysis, inspection of residences for the presence of UFFI, or insulation material identification, please feel free to call on us at your earliest convenience. We can provide this analysis economically and without delayc Contact Person: David W. Byrd Organic Chemist 8006 0453 CONSULTING ENGINEERS & FULL-SERVICE PROFESSIONAL TESTING AND INSPECTION ' PRODUCED BY FORD FACT SHEET ON FORMALDEHYDE What is formaldehyde? Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a colorless gas which has a pungent, irritating odor. Formaldehyde has traditionally been used as a constituent in products such as embalming fluids, fungicides, and bactericides. It is also used to produce other chemicals and resins. What products can emit formaldehyde? Formaldehyde may be released from urea-formaldehyde foam insulation (UFFI), some particle board, chip board, plywood, and wood paneling. Formaldehyde may also be released from carpeting, curtains, and permanent press fabrics. Some other common household products that may contain formaldehyde are cosmetics, deodorants, detergents, paints, and paper products. Cigarette smoke also contains formaldehyde. Why is there a concern about formaldehyde? Human exposure to formaldehyde in the air represents a potential for health problems such as eye, nose, and throat irritation; coughing; shortness of breath; skin rash or irritation; nausea; vomiting; head aches; dizziness; nosebleeds; and asthma and flu-like symptoms. The severity of the human reaction to formaldehyde depends on the exposure concentration, the duration of the exposure, and the sensitivity of the individual. A single exposure may not cause a reaction; however, repeated or long-term exposure may increase an individual's sensitivity to the gas. Some people develop acute (short-term) health effects from exposure to formaldehyde. Some people can develop an allergic response to formaldehyde and can become sensitized to it because of long-term exposure at low concentrations. Adverse health effects may be more pronounced in persons already suffering from other allergies, asthma, > and respiratory disorders.- The chronic (long-term) effects of human exposure to formaldehyde are still uncertain. Additional federal studies are being conducted to further evaluate the human carcinogenicity of formaldehyde. What do scudies show about exposure to formaldehyde? An industry sponsored study has found that breathing formaldehyde causes nasal cancer in laboratory animals.1 While formaldehyde levels in the home are lower than the levels which caused cancer in the study, there is concern about'consumer exposure to these low levels. The U.S. Consumer XJ.Ao Svenbcrg, V.D. Kerns, R.I. Mitchell, E.J. Graiia and K.L. Pavkov. Induction of Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Rat Nasal Cavity by Inhalation Exposure to Formaldehyde Vapor. Cancer Research 40:3398 3401, 1980. 8006 0454 ' PRODUCED BY FORD 2- Product Safety Commission, in collaboration with the National Toxicology Program, formed a panel of health science experts from various federal agencies to review and analyze currently available date and studies on formaldehyde. This federal panel has concluded that formaldehyde should be presumed to pose a risk of cancer to humans.2 The National Academy of Sciences estimated that less than 20 percent of the healthy adult population will experience adverse effects when exposed to 0.25 parts per million (ppm) or less of formaldehyde, and that age and health variations may increase the frequency and severity of these effects.3 Formaldehyde concentrations of 0.5 ppm and over will usually cause eye irritation.4** 6* 7* 8 Some individuals can smell formaldehyde at levels less than 0.5 ppm, but do not necessarily have irritation of the nose or eyes. Individuals who are sensitized to formaldehyde can suffer adverse health effects at levels below those detectable by smell or eye irritation.J Are there any Michigan regulatory home standards for formaldehyde? Michigan currently has no regulations which set permissible levels of formaldehyde in conventional homes or mobile homes. The U.S. Consumer 2Carry, V.F., l. Oatman, R. Plouss, and D. Cray (1980) Formaldehyde in the home, environmental diseaso perspectives, Minnesota Med. 63:107-111. 3Preuse, P.V., Ulsamcr, A.C., and Cupta, K.C. (1980) Health Sciences Input for the Regulatory Options for U.F.F.I., U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. July 30, 1980. ' Stiller, R.H., and H.P. Blejer. Roport of an Occupational Health Study of Formaldehyde Concentrations at Maxlmes, 400 E.- Colorado Street, .Pasadena, California. Study Ho. S-1838. Los Angeles: State of California Health and Welfare Agency, Department of Public Health, Bureau of Occupational Health, 1966. 5 pp. 5Schuck, 2.A., E.R. Stephens, and J.T. Middleton. Eye irritation response at low concentrations of irritants. Arch. Environ. Health 13:570-575, 1966. *Slm, V.M., and R.E. Pattle. Effect of possible smog irritants on human subjects. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 165:1908-1913, 1957. i' 'Walker, J.F. Formaldehyde, pp. 77-99. Encycolopedia of Chemical Technology. Wlley-Intersc.ience Publishers, 1966. In A. Standen, Ed. Kirk-Othmer 2nd rev. ed. Vol. 10. Hew York: ^Zaeva, C.H., l.P. Ulanova, and L.A. Ducva. Materials for revision of the maximal permissible concentrations of formaldehyde in the inside atmosphere of'industrial premises. Cig. Tr. Prof. Zabol. 12:16-20, 1968. (in Russian) 8006 0455 PRODUCED BY FORD . Product Safety Commission voted on February 22, 1982, to ban new Installations of urea-fOrmaldehyde foam insulaten. This ban became effective August 1-0, 1982. ., What do the test results mean? , . The presence of formalOehyde is dependent upon several variable environ mental conditions such as temperature and humidity and as environmental conditions vary, the amount of formaldehyde present in the home may also vary. The test results only tell you if formaldehyde was present in the home at the time of sampling and at what concentration. . The test .results do not tell you the source of the formaldehyde. If the test is positive, the formaldehyde way be from one of several sources previously mentioned. A negative test result indicates that during the sampling period there was no formaldehyde detected at the detection limit. . . If formaldehyde is detected in a home, is there a way of reducing or"eT\mna"ti ri'ci"vt? Individuals experiencing problems or who are concerned about formaldehyde in their home should contact the manufacturer or installer and have them correct the problem. The Michigan Department of Public Health is not aware of any foolproof meansof reducing or eliminating formaldehyde in ' ; the home.' Several different ways of reducing formaldohyde have been reported which include: . 1. Remove the urea-formaldehyde foam insulation and/or other sources of formaldehyde. . . . 2. Apply a sealer to the interior wall, paneling, particle board., or plywood surfaces. .... 3. Increase the ventilation1 within the home. i /, 4. Introduce tempered air into the home thereby creating a-positive air pressure within the dwelling. ' '* . i listing of these attempted solutions docs not imply endorsement by the Michigan Department of Public Health. . . Should a physician be consulted? - . ' When any of the previously noted symptoms are experienced,* a physician . should be consulted to determine the cause or to advise the patient if . the symptoms may be related to formaldehyde exposure. The physician ' should be made aware of the pationt's history of possible exposure to formaldehyde, both at work and at home. If the physician feels the symptoms are consistent with formaldehyde exposure and there is reason to suspect that formaldehyde exposure exists in the home, the physician may determine that testing of the home environment is warranted. The test results should be shared with your physician. . ' 8006 0456 I PRODUCED BY FORD Testing Engineers & Consultants, inc. P.O.Box 249 1333 Rochester Road Troy, Michigan 46099 313-566-6200 or Dial T-E-S-T-l-N-G TEC Provides FULL SERVICE Professional Testing, Inspection, and Engineering Consultation SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS Solis Exploration Borings, Percolation Tests, Complete Laboratory Testing and Analysis of Soils, Including Un confined Compressive Strength, Consolidation, Trans verse Shear, Triaxial Shear, Permeability, Compaction and CBR Tests. Field Testing, Inspection, and Control of Engineered fill, Footings. Piles and Caissons and Load Tests. Field CBR and Plate Load Tests. Engineer ing Reports, Evaluation, Analysis and Consultation. STEELS AND METALS Fabrication and Mill Inspection and Testing including Welder Qualification, Weld Testing and inspection. Field Erection Inspection of Structural Steel including High Tensile Bolt Testing and Inspection and Weld In spection. Ultrasonic. X-Ray, Magnetic Particle and Dye Penetrants. Chemical and Physical Tests on all Specifi cation Grades of Mill products, Castings and Forgings. Testing and Inspection of Reinforcing Steel including Field Control and Tensile and Bend Tests. Engineering Analysis, Evaluation, Consultation and Reports. SPECIAL TESTING New Product Research and Development, Product Safe ty, and Design Verification. Load Tests on Frames, Buildings and Components. Analysis of Coatings, Sealants and Paints. ENVIRONMENTAL Air. Water, Soil, Noise and Thermal Pollution Sampling, Testing, Evaluation and Consulting. Corrosion Studies and Tests. ROOFING Field Control and Inspection of Roof Construction, Failure Analysis. Roof Cut Analysis, Evaluation, and Reports with Engineering Consultation. SURVEYING Property end Construction Surveying by Ouallfied Surveying Personnel. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS Qualitative and Ouanlatlve Analysis of Materials, Metals, Ores and Minerals. Spectrogrephlc Scans, and Trace Metals Analysis. NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING Ultrasonic, Magnetic Particle, X-Ray, and Dye Penetrant Testing & Analysis. Engineering Evaluation and Reports on Structures, Weldments, Fabricated Hems, Castings & Forgings. CONCRETE Design of Concrete Mixes, Physical and Chemical Tests of Portland Cement. Field Control Tests and Field Inspection during Construction. Testing of Concrete for Its Compressive strength and Flexual Strength. Batch Plant Inspection. Diamond Core Drilling and Non-De structive Testing and Analysis. Testing of Pre-cast and Prestressed Members. On-Site Load Tests. Engineering Analysis, Consultation, Evaluation and Reports. AGGREGATES Aggregate Testing and Evaluation. Petrographic Analysis, Gradation Analysis, Abrasion Tests, Hardness and Toughness of Aggregates, Absorption Characteris tics, Freeze-Thaw Durability, Presence of Deleterious particles, Percent Crushed and Uncrushed Pedicles and Soundness Tests. Exploration of Deposits and Pit Locations. ASPHALT Design of Bituminous Concrete Mixes, Basic Asphalt Tests such as Extractions, Densities and Diamond Drill ed Cores. Field Testing and Inspection of Pavement Construction, Plant Site Testing and Inspection. Engi neering Evaluation, Consultation, Analysis and Repods. MASONRY Block and Brick Testing Including Compressive Strength, Prism Tests, Absorption and British Linear Shrinkage, Design of Modar Mixes and Modar Tests. Field Control and Inspection of Masonry Construction. Engineering Analysis, Evaluation, Consultation and Repods. FAILURE ANALYSIS Failure Investigation, Analysis, Consultation and Repods on Pavements, Structures, Foundations, Masonry, Steel, Roofing, Cudain Walls, Psditions and other Construction Materials. WELDING Welder Qualification, Analysis, Inspection, Testing, Evaluation and Consultation. COMPUTER SERVICES Program Preparation to Solve Special Engineering Pro blems and General Office Operation Computerization. EXPERT WITNESS AND COURT TESTIMONY Provide Engineering Inspection, Analysis, Evaluation, Repods, Consultation and Exped Witness Testimony. PROFESSIONAL REGISTRATION Officers end Staff are registered as Professional Engineers or Land Surveyors in the Stales of Michigan, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Iowa, Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Florida. MEMBERSHIP Individual or Corporate Memberships are held in the following: The National Society of Professional Engineers, The American Society ol Civil Engineers, The American Society for Testing and Materials, The American Concrete Institute, The American Public Works Association, The American Society of Metals, The American Society of Non-Destructive Testing, The American Welding Society, The Michigan Society of Professional Engineers, The Building Research Institute, The American Institute ol Steel Construction, The Engineering Society of Detroit, The Construction Specifications Institute, The American Consulting Engineers Council and the American Council of Independent Laboratories, Inc. 8006 0457 FEE SCHEDULE AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST PRODUCED BY FORD Steel and Metal Testing Services Structural analysis of steels Bnd metals can help ward ff costly potential problems. Testing Engineers o Consultants maintains complete facilities for any of the following: fabrication and mill inspection and testing, including welder qualifications, weld testing and inspection: field erection inspection of structural steel, including high-tensile bolt testing end weld inspection: non-destructive testing (NDt). including: ultrasonic, X-ray, magnetic particle and dye penetrants; chemical and physical tests on all specification grades of mill products, costings end forgings; testing and inspection of reinforcing steel, including field placement control and laboratory physical tests. Tensllt test of prepared steel specimen. Structural steel fabrication Inspection. Emission speclrogrephlc determines metallic elements by emission spectra. 8006 0458 r PRODUCED BY FORD Complete Concrete and Asphalt Testing Services Quality-control testing of concrete and asphalt is a primary function on any construction site. Testing Engineers & Consultants offers a complete range of concrete and asphalt testing services, including: design of mixes; physical and chemical tests of Portland cement; field control tests and field inspection during construction; compression and flexural strength testing; batch plant inspection; diamond core drilling and non-destructive testing and analysis; testing of pre-cast and pre-stressed members; on-site load test; extraction end density testing. Compression testing of concrete cylinders. .ab curing of concrete cylinders. Testing of plastic concrete In the field. Sonic tests of pavement concrete. r i Ibrated Vernier scale ermines concrete core length. Marshall Mix Design tests of bituminous pevlrrg mixtures. PRODUCED BY FORD 8006 0459 Soil Exploration and Engineering Services Soil and foundation testing is a major part in construction development. Testing Engineers G Consultants oners a total soil and foundation testing package, featuring: soil and geotechnical exploratory borings: percolation tests: complete laboratory testing and analysis of soils, including unconfined compressive strength, , consolidation, transverse shear, triaxial shear, permeability, compaction and CBR tests: field testing inspection and control of engineered fill, footings, piles, caissons and load tests; field CBR and plate load tests. Caisson foundation inspection. Proctor compaction test of soli samples. Hydrometer analysis of soils. Laboratory triaxial testing of soils. ' PRODUCED BY FORD 19*0 9008 Nuclear field density soil testing. PRODUCED BY FORD rhe Testing Engineers & Consultants, Inc., management team neets with John Banlcki, P.E., president, on a regular basis to fiscuss current projects. Full-Service Professional Testing, Inspection and Engineering Consultation Testing Engineers & Consultants. Inc., is one of the nation's most established full-service testing firms. Serving architects, engineers, contractors, owners and manufacturers, our totalpackage services are widely known and respected. Among our vast capabilities are soil exploration, foundation engineering, construction site quality-control, concrete and asphalt testing as well as complete environmental, chemical and physical testing services. Testing equipment is regularly calibrated, traceable to the National Bureau of Standards. As the photos in this brochure clearly show. Testing Engineers & Consultants uses the most modern testing equipment available. This equipment is operated by highlytrained technicians, who obtain the most accurate data possible. In our business, there is no room for error. That's why when it comes to testing, inspection and engineering services. Testing Engineers & Consultants is the only name you will ever need to know. Over the pest three decades, we htve provided geotechnical and construction material quality control services for the majority of principal structures in the Metropolitan Detroit area, as well as man) facilities nationwide. rtcuLiUCtfi BY FCjRir complete fcnvironmental, Chemical and Product Testing Services Environmental services have taken on great importance during recent vears. To that end. Testing Engineers t Consultants offers: air, water, soil, noise and thermal pollution sampling, testing, evaluation and consultation; corrosion studies and tests. Our chemical analysis includes: qualitative and quantitative analysis of materials, metals, ores end minerals: spectrographic scans and trace metals analysis. Special testing of products is another function of Testing Engineers & Consultants, a field where we feature: new product research and development; product safety and design verification; load tests on frames, buildings and components; analysis of coatings, sealants and paints. tory analysis ol roofing samples. testing Engineers & C onsultants, Inc. product jesting. 'JjTtl Testing * w. av*D. n.s 9 cohivuant Engineers & Consultants, inc. Wet chemlul lab nanrrole unalviU*. Testing It Engineers & Consultants, inc. i JOHN BANICKI P.C. P.MIDINT 8006 0463 ' PRODUCED BY FORD \ PROFESSIONAL REGISTRATION Officers end Stuff ere registered es Professional Engineers or Land Surveyors throughout the United Stales. MEMBERSHIP Individual or Corporate Memberships are held in the following.' National Society of Professional Engineers. American Society ol Civil Engineers. American Society for Testing and Materials. American Concrete Institute, American Public Works Association. American Society for Metals. American Society for Non-Destructive Testing. American Welding Society. Michigan Society of Professional Engineers. Building Research In stitute. American Institute of Steel Construction. Engineering Society of Detroit. Construction Specifications Institute, American Consulting Engineers Council, National Institute of Building Sciences. American Chemical Society, and American Council of Independent Laboratories. Testing Engineers & Consultants, Inc. 1333 ROCHESTER ROAD P.O. BOX 249 TROY, MICHIGAN 48099 PHONE: (313) 588-6200 or dial T-E-S-T-l-N-G 8006 0464 ' PRODUCED BY FORD