Document 1QqMbxRj8jO0r2jY71yMa7p6a

308 . Chapter 16 1945 Guide nesses arecontainedin the-AmericanStandardfor^WroughtrIforTIirid Wrought-Steel Pipe, A.S.A. B36.10, which includes standard-weight and extra-strong thicknesses in Schedules 40 and 80, respectively, and eight other schedules of varying wall thickness to provide for different service conditions. Dimensions and other useful data for Schedules 30 and 40 pipe are given in Table 1. Table 2 from A.S.T.M. Specifications A53 and A120 combines the schedule thicknesses of A.S.A. B36.10 and the. old series designations. Standard-weight pipe is generally furnished with threaded ends in Table 3. Standard Dimensions and Weights, and. Tolerances in Diameter and Wall Thickness for Copper Water Tubes3 (All tolerances in this table are plus and minus except as otherwise indicated) Average Out side Diameter Standard Water Tubs Sizb, In. Actuai. ' ' Tolerance. In. Outside Diameter In. * Wall Thickness. In. Type K Type L Ttpb M S 1 Theoretical Wright, Lb per Ft Annealed D raw n Temper Nominal Tolerance Nominal Nominal Tolerance TypeK Type L Type M H 'X 'H M H X l m m 2 2M 3 3X 4 5 6 8 10 12 0.250 0.375 . 0.500 0.625 0.750 0.875 1.125' 1.375 1.625 2.125 2.625 3.125 3.625 4.125 5.125 6.125 8.125 10.125 12.125 0.002 0.002 0.0025 0.0025. 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.032 0.003 0.032 * 0.004 0.049 0.004 0.049 0.004 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.040 0.0025 0.003 0.0035 0.004 0.001 0.049 0.001 0.065 0.0015 0.065 0.0015 0.065 0.004 0.0045 0.0045 0.0045 0.042 0.045 0.050 0.055 0.0045 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.072 0.083 0.095 0.109 0.005 0.007 0.007 0.007 . 0.060 0.070 0.080 0.090 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.005 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.120 0.134 0.160 0.192 0.008 0.010 0.010 0.012 0.100 0.110 0.125 0.140 0.008 0.008 0.008 +0.002 -0.004 +0.002 -0.006 +0.002 -0.006 0.271 0.338 0.405 0.016 0.018 0.020 0.200 0.250 0.280 0.0025 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.0035 0.004 0.004 0.0045 0.0045 0.006 0.006 0.007 0.007 0.009. 0.010 0.010 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.028 0.030 0.032 0.035 0.042 0.049 0.058 0.065 0.072 0.083 0.095 0.109 0.122 0.0025 .0.085 0.0025 0.134 0.0025 0.269 0.0025 0.344 0.06S 0.126 0.198 0.285 0.068 0.107 0.145 0304 0.0025 0.003 0.0035 0.0035 0.418 0.362 0.641 0.455 0.839 0.655 1.04 0.884 0363 0328 0.465 0.682 0.004 0.006 0.006 0.006 1.36 1.14 2.06 1.75 2.93 }2.48 4.00 3.33 0.940 1.46 233 2.68 0.007 0.009 0.009 0.010 5.12 6.51 9.67 13.9 4.29 538 7.61 103 338 4.66 6.66 .8.92 0.014 0.170 0.014 25.9 19.3 163 0.016 0.212 0.015 40.3 30.1 25.6 0.018 0.254 0.016 57.8 40.4 36.7 ' aFrom Standard Specifications for Copper Water Tube of the American Society for Testing Materials, A.S.T.M. Designation B8S-41. Note 1:--For copper gas and oil burner tubes, the tolerances shown above for various wall thicknesses (type K) apply irrespective of diameter. . Note 2:--For tubes other than round no standard tolerances are established. These tolerances do not apply to condenser and heat exchanger tubes. random lengths of 16 to 22 ft, although when ordered with plain ends, 5 per cent may be in lengths of 12 to 16 ft. Five per cent of the total number of lengths ordered may be jointers which are two pieces coupled together. Extra-strong pipe is generally furnished with plain ends in random lengths of 12 to 22 ft, although 5 per cent may be in' lengths of 6 to 12 ft. In addition to IPS copper pipe, several varieties of copper tubing are in use with either flared or compression couplings or soldered joints. Dimen sions of copper water tubing intended for plumbing, underground water service, fuel-oil lines, gas lines, etc., have been standardized by the U. S. Pipe, Fittings, Welding 309 Government and the American Society for Testing Materials. There are three standard wall-thickness schedules of copper water tubing classified in accordance with their principal uses as follows: Type K--Designed for underground services and general plumbing service. Type L--Designed for general plumbing purposes. Type M--Designed for use with soldered fittings only. In general, Type K is used where corrosion conditions are severe, and Types L and M where such conditions may be considered normal as, for instances in heating work. Types K and L are available in both hard and soft tempers; Type M is available only in hard temper. Where flexibility is essential as in hidden replacement work or where as few joints as possible are desired as in fuel-oil lines, the soft temper is commonly used. New or Table 4. Thermal Expansion of Pipe in Inches per 100 ft3 (For superheated steam and other fluids refer to temperature column) Saturated Steam Elongation in Inches per 100 FT PROM -- 20 F UP Saturated Steam Elongation in Inches per 100 FT FROM -- 20 F up . Vacuum Inches of Hg. Pressure Pounds nI Square inch Gage Tem perature Degrees Fahren heit Cast- Iron Pipe Steel Pipe WroughtIron Pipe Copper Pipe Pressure Pounds ,,Per Square Inch Gage Tem perature Degrees Fahren heit CastIron Pipe Steel Pipe Wrought- ' Iron Pipe Copper Pipe 29.39 28.89 .ify 26.48 24.04 20.27 14.63 6.45 ........ ....... -- -- -- -- --...... -- -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 0 0.127 0.255 0.390 0.518 0.649 0.787 0.926 1.051 1.200 1.345 1.495 0 0.145 0.293 0.430 0.593 0.725 0.898 1.055 1.209 1.368 1.528 1.691 0 0.152 0.306 0.465 0.620 0.780 0.939 1.110 1.265 1.427 1.597 1.778 0 0.204 0.442 0.655 0.888 1.100 1.338 1.570 1.794 2.008 2.255 2.500 2.5 10.3 20.7 34.5 52.3 74.9 103.3 138.3 180.9 232.4 293.7 366.1 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400 420 440 1.634 1.852 1.936 1.780 2.020 2.110 1.931 2.183 2.279 2.085 2.350 2.465 2.233 2.519 2.630 2.395 2.690 2.800 2.543 2.862 2.988 2.700 3.029 3.175 2.859 3.211 3.350 3.008 3:375 3.521 3.182 3.566 3.720 3.345 3.740 3.900 2.720 2.960 3:189 3.422 3.665 3.900 4.145 4.380 4.628 4.870 5.118 5.358 . * '-- , lame gives me expansion irom --xu ! to tne Question. To obtain the amount of expansion between any two temperatures take the uinerence between the figures m the table for those temperatures. For example, if a steel pipe is installed at a temperature of 60 F and is to operate at 300 F, the expansion would be 2.519 -- 0 593 -- 1 926 in exposed work generally employs copper pipe of a hard temper. All three classes are extensively used with soldered fittings. Standard dimensions, weights, and diameter and wall-thickness tolerances for these classes of copper tubing are given in Table 3. Copper pipe is also available with dimensions of steel pipe. Refrigeration lines used in connection with air conditioning equipment also employ copper tubing extensively. For refrigeration use where ubing absolutely free from scale and dirt is required, bright annealed PPer tubing that has been deoxidized is used. This tubing is available m a variety of sizes and wall thicknesses. EXPANSION AND FLEXIBILITY The. increase temperature of a pipe from room temperature to an perating steam or water temperature 100 F or more above room temiTiMQtK6 reSjlts in an increase in length of the pipe for which provision c r f6 f1. e- ,The. amount of linear expansion (or contraction in the oi refrigeration lines) pier unit length of material per degree change in