Document 1QZRz49xNQkE83JLNoMGeJ2DK
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Exposure to Talc Dust May-Be Related * ZW To Deaths of Worker,s/HealthUnit Says-
By GAIL BBONSON'
t The Harvard School of . Public Health is
Staff Reporter of Tbw Wall St xnrr Joukitxl conducting ^ morbidity study of the current
Investigators from the National Institute talc 'workers In. Vermont to determine the
tor Occupational Safety and Health, or degree.of nonmallgnant respiratory disease.-
NIOSH, have1: found that the deaths of 17 -The study Involves Interviews with workers,-
Vermont talc workers, six of them from review of their pulmonary functions,. X rays
lung cancer, may be related to-workers' and-other medical- records! Preliminary
exposure to talc dust. '
data should ,be. available., In - .about ,six
The unpublished study Is the first to focus months.
!'",'"'! ..i'.",1'';.-.,
on worker hazards In the mining and milling ' The current talc .dust exposure standard
of "relatively pure" talc. Previously, talc of 20 million particles per cubic foot of air
ore in combination with asbestos, a known was set In 1970. However,' this standard was
carcinogen, has been the focus of other In merely a holdover- based on a study In the
quiries. In 1972 NIOSH recommended lower 1946s by the American Conference of Gov
ing worker exposure to asbestos, and since ernmental Industrial Hygienists. As a result,
then concern has been voiced about produc-' the standard is out of date. '.' [ ! -j
tion of nonasbestos tale. Vermont was cho '`'We are' using more sophisticated air
sen as the study site because its mining sampling procedures to 'get an idea of, cur
operations process relatively pure talc. - ' rent. dust.leveii In mines," says. John De
Relatively pure talc Is used In a variety' ment; NIOSH Industrial hygienist.' "Dust ex
of industrial and consumer products, Includ posure In mines declined dramatically In
ing talcum powder and cosmetics, asphalt 1970 when plants''installed new ventilation
and plastic filler. Investigators emphasize systems and implemented wet-drilling, pro
that their study addresses only the hazards cedures! But the level of safety remains .to
of working with the-raw material and in no be determined," he says.'l' .
way suggests any danger to consumers, '. Thd NIOSH air-sampling data will be used
using talc products.
'.V, with the data collected'by Harvard eventu
The three companies that own the-talc ally to update,the air-quality, standards for-
operations studied are Johnson k Johnson,', talc mining.s !";
Engelhard Minerals k Chemicals Corp. and - Spokesmen for'Johnson k Johnson and
Vermont Talc Co.
Engelhard Minerals say the'-levels 'of dust
The work histories of 405 men who were exposure in their mines, are.''well' below"
employed between 1910 and 1970 until their, .the 'government standard." (`.We are^'com
deaths or the end of the study were re;' forted ' by pur `interpretation' ot-the epide-'
viewed. The actual amount of time the men mlological information," says the Engelhard-
were exposed to the ore and the period of- spokesman. "We've been able1 to keep the.
employment thereafter were among the fac-` dust levels to one-tenth of the accepted fed
tors considered. The study relates only to eral* standard,'.' 'adds-a*Johhson' & Johnson
exposure during the 30-year period and- spokesman."Vermont Talc Co; wasn't.imme-
doesn't reflect current levels of exposure to diately available for comment;'-
talc dust.
'
, .- Nonetheless, federal officials'still believq
Six lung-cancer deaths were found, four, there Is cause for concent- "We.know'that
among miners and two among combination high levels of exposure cause disease," says -"-I miners and millers. Apparently, lung dis Mr; Dement, "but we currently don't know
ease may develop as early as 15 years after what .the toxic level pf exposure, is. We're
Initial exposure and cancer Is discernible concerned that talcs' with toxic- materials
some 30 years after Initial exposure. Eiev.en should be labeled as such',- especially when
workers died from nonmallgnant respira they are used In other Industrial materials.'.'
tory diseases, such as chronic emphysema ' A spokesman for the United - Cement,
and' bronchitis. Five of these men were' Lime and Gypsum Workers Uniop, which
millers, one was a miner and the others represents many of the mine'workers, says,
were combination workers. -
"It's (the study)' another Indication that
"Scientists-say the 17 deaths - are'many when people are breathing an excess of.Apy. more than the expected deaths calculated mineral dust, lung problems develop.'.' . - -
from national death rates and Vermont death rates for respiratory diseases. Based on the study, Vermont has a 50% higherthan-expected number of deaths' from non-.,
Olin Winchester Group .. Recalls More Cartridges
malignant respiratory disease-.'and a 12%
greater-than-expected death rate from re
spiratory cancer. \ -j, ,,i
....
By a Wall Street Journal Staff Reporter NEW HAVEN,' Conn.-Olln Corp.'s
Winchester -Group' said-ilj-was,recallingJ
"The present study ciearly'deifionstratef ' aifadditional lTmllUon rounds of 22-cal:.
that nonmallgnant (lung) disease (excluding iber long-rifle /-ammunition; A month '
pneumonia or, influenza) is associated with exposure to 'relatively pure' talc," says fed
eral'epidemiologist Sherry Selevan. "The study shows a high statistical association be
earlier the, company recalled two mil-lion rounds, explaining, that "excessive pressure.'in' some! cartridges makes them potentially hazardous to shoot."
tween exposure and- excess, nonmallgnant
An Olln spokesman said that only
disease. It doesn't prbve it's the cause, but one minor-injury involving any of the
it's strongly implicated," she says.
suspect ammunition is known tp have
"Right now there Is no clear explanation occurred. .
v
-
for the excess of respiratory-tract - cancer
The latest recall covers 11 production
which was found, but Investigation Is contin lots of ammunition sold nationally under
uing," she adds.
the Wildcat label and identified with the
Strangely, the respiratory cancer, was' code LF03, LF 12 or.LF followed by the '
found primarily In the miners, who.have digit 22 or a higher* number." The num
less exposure to'the talc than do the millers. bers 1, 2 or 3 may precede the LF In the
Scientists believe there may be something code, and one or more letters may fol-"
else in the mine environment that contri ' .low th'e two-digit- number,V Winchester .
buted to the cancer deaths other than the added.'
' i'
talc itself.__________________________ .'
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