Document 15ZZRzmGyj30nk2499EmqMa1q

tr^ -j c. s industrial Hyslen* Digest May, 19c 3 there Appear* to be no hygienic reaeon against it* uie. The Importance of the factor of time, however, in reUttpa to the potential hazard of lead absorption, certain appropriate observations, comparable la principle to thoie which have characterized thi* investigation, will be required from time to time fat the eouree of the commercial dlJtribution of gaioline containing tetra- methyllead to establish the significance, if any, of the incremental increase in the lead exposure of certain group* of perron* who handle gaioline. .. APCA Abet* 439 Potential Hazard of Exposure to Lead, U. further Investigation* in the Preparation. Handling. and Use of Gaioline Containing TetramethyUead. R. A. Kehoe. et al. -S- Arch. Environmental Health 235-272 (Feb. 1963), A survey of the principal point* within the area at which gaioline containing tetramethyllead was to be prepared for the market and distributed by an oil company resulted in the selection of site* at which analyie* of the air would be carried out systematically. The frequencies of occurrence of the variou* range* of th* concentration of orgaaolead in the air at several location* in two refinerie*. the mean level* of concentration, and the deviations are shown. The result* of the investigation of the potential haxard of the absorption of lead, in the industrial and com mercial activities involved .in the handling of an antiknock compound containing tetramethyllead in a petroleum refinery, and with the distribution of gasoline containing this compound pf lead have been summarised. The results demonstrate that the exposure of the group* of workmen to tstramethyllead, under the prevalent environmental condition* of their occupation* are negligible, , -- APCA Abet*. 640 Inhalation of Tetramethyllead and Tetraethyllead, S. K. Davie, et al. Arch, Environmental Health b, 473-479 (Apr, 1963), Both te tramethyllead and tetraethyllead have proved to be more toxic for doge then for rats; tetrepthyUead was somewhat more toxic for rat* than tetramethyllead,' although the differ ence wae not great, while tetramethyUead wee considerably more toxic for dog* than Wae tetra ethyllead, Comparison of data obtained by the analytic of the urine indicates that higher concen trations of lead were found in the urine of both species whan tetraethyllead was inhaled and that higher concentrations of land were found in the urine of rats than in that of dogs, regardless of the compound. Thus, no consistent correlation is found between the concentration of .lead in the urine and the time of onset or severity of the involvement of the central nervous system of the animals. It Is possible that significant correlation* may develop out of the use of more refined analytical procedures, capable of distinguishing quantitatively between inorganic lead and various forms of organic lead in the urine.' Preliminary experiment* in this direction have indicated that almost half of the lead excreted by rats subjected to tbe inhalation of tetraethyllead is in organic form, un-lonized, or monovalent. The differences in the toxicity of the different degradation products of tetraethyllead, to be shown in a later paper, emphasize the importance of this ap proach. The concentrations of lead in the kidney and In tbe urine of rats that had inhaled t*tramethyllead, as compared to those in the corresponding specitnents from rats that had inhaled tetraethyllead, suggest that the metabolites'of tetramethyllead may accumulate or be retained in the kidney to a degree that is reminiscent of the behavior of certain compounds of mercury. - Cond. from authors' summary 441 The Acute Effect* of Lead Alkyls. P. Springman, Sola Bingham, and K. L. Stammer. Arch. EnvirCnmental Health b, 469-472 (Apr. 1963). The purpose of this investigation was to make Comparison* of the effects exerted upon animals by the various orally administered doeagee of each of the compounds, tetramethyllead, tetraethyllead, trimethyllead chloride, triethyllead chloride, and diethylload dichloride, Triethyllead len ha* recently been shown by Cremer and by Stevens, Feldhake, and Kehpe, to be a major metabolic product of .tetraethyllead, and some evidence for the formation in the body of the trimethyllead ion from tetramethyllead has been presented recently by Cramer and Callaway, it IS possible that the dimathyUead and diethyllead ion* arc also formed in viva, but this has not been demonstrated. The obeetvations here reported confirm thoie of earlier investigator! who have described the sign* of illness, observed the length of the survival of fatally poisoned ani mals, and recorded the lethal dosages of tetramethyUead, tetraethyllead, and the organolead 03121219 FOX004885