Document 153eNg1ELX4VV8oGo0oMXxQvE
INTERNAL CORRESPONDENCE
CHEMICALS AND PLASTICS
TO NAME.
Cz *73an y
Mr. J. F. Erdmann Mr. W. A. Mazzolini Ms. A. P. Yalcinkaya
p. O. BOX 471, TEXAS CITY, TEXAS '-590
date April 9, 1979
Mr. W. T. Gray Dr. D. H. Glenn Mr. R. L. Frantz Mr. J. B. Leverton Mr. F. S. Provenzano Mr. R. J. Taylor
subject
March 29, 1979 Vinyl Chloride Safety Association Meeting Mew Orleans, La,________
This meeting was called based on some safety related problems that member companies had reported with their "Final Control Devices". Attached are my notes on the meeting.
^ >Lj. P D. Smith
PDS/st Attachments
UCC 093504
NOTES VINYL CHLORIDE SAFETY ASSOCIATION MEETING
MARCH 29, 1979 NEW ORLEANS, LA.
1.
I. MORNING SESSION - FINAL CONTROL DEVICES
Dave Loll - Diamond Shamrock
Diamond Shamrock uses carbon adsorbtion, with an incinerator as a backup, for control of VCM emissions. The carbon beds are 4' OD x 18' high and contain 5,000 pounds of carbon. Breakthrough is monitored using three thermocouples to track the heat front generated by the heat of adsorbtion. The bed is regenerated to 300F with 150 psi steam. The bed is then dried with hot nitrogen to 340F. This step is required to prevent the significant activity loss experienced with wet carbon. The bed is cooled to less than 100F with cool nitrogen and is ready for re-use.
Other problems they have encountered include:
1. Hot spots due to liquid carryover. One one occasion they suspect the bed actually caught fire.
2. Corrosion, especially of the bottom support grid in vertical units.
3. Carbon carryover as a result of (2).
4. Cross-contamination of the beds due to Operator error and valve leaks.
Their solutions were:
1. Deluge the hot spots internally and eliminate feed cooling to eliminate liquid.
2. Provide nitrogen purge to assure positive flow at all times. This also helped rid the system of inerts.
3. Provide Hastelloy support grids.
Capital costs for the Unit were estimated to be $2 MM.
UCC 093505
NOTES VC1 Safety Assoc. Meeting
2.
Marcus Smith - Georgia Pacific
Georgia Pacific has horizontal carbon beds with the bed effluent going to a boiler. They report channeling problems in the horizontal bed.
Breakthrough is monitored with an on-line gas chromatograph. They also regenerate with steam. Drying, however, is done with the bed under a vacuum with an external heater. A nitrogen purge precedes vacuum breaking and re-use.
Dave Becker - Diamond Shamrock
Diamond receives wet and dry streams from various plant units and incinerates them with the VCM streams following liquid knockout. Most of the equipment is protected with 15 psi carbon rupture discs and flame arrestors. It was pointed out that Conoco and Amoco research indicated that conventional flame arrestors (Shand and Jurs, Varac) have been found to pass flame when tested. The biggest problem to date has been flame arrestors in process lines.
Dick Holiday - PPG
PPG uses incineration for final control. The common vendor seems to be Trane. Dick reported that PPG asked EPA what they should do if their final control device failed. They have oeen told to shutdown within 40 minutes. No other company has such a limit of any of those attending. No fines or serious citations have been reported by anyone to date.
A1 Godfried - Borden
Borden spent $1 - $1.5 MM to install a Trane Subex Unit which has run well.
W. C. Holbrook - B. F. Goodrich
Goodrich has recently installed six solvent absorbers, five of which work well. Their emissions compare well with SVR's. They declined, however, to disclose what solvent they use.
Control Device Breakdown
Carbon Bed
6 plants
Incinerators - 9 VCM plants 15 PVC plants
Solvent Absorbtion
3 plants
UCC 093506
NOTES VC1 Safety Assoc. Meeting
3.
II. AFTERNOON SESSION
Q & A - Bob Inlincci - Georgia Pacific
Bob took an oral survey on several points. The responses of interest follow:
1. Everyone is reporting massive releases, but few, if any, companies report suspected exposures if the person was not being monitored at the time.
2. The 3M badges for monitoring VCM were reported to have OSHA approval. Both Conoco and Dow are using them with good acceptance. Cost is approximately $5 per badge.
3. Of the companies present at this meeting, we were the only ones allowing women in the Regulated Area. This poses a problem for the other companies based on one statement that half the OSHA inspectors are women.
4. It is becoming more common for government agencies to employ contractors to perform inspections. The vast majority of companies required the contractor to sign a secrecy agreement concerning their process before admitting him to the plant.
5. Items mentioned in EPA inspections --
a. Leak detection procedures.
b. Frequency of emergency releases (only problem has been with a plant averaging one release per month).
c. Residual VCM levels after stripping.
d. Definition of "leak", e.g. 25 ppm - 3 feet from the source or 1,000 ppm in contact with the source. Experience at other companies suggests this is a good place to fight for a reasonable limit.
6. All but one or two companies had been inspected at least once since October 21, 1978.
III. TRUE CONFESSIONS
The only incident reported was the failure of a safety valve due to stress cracking of the spring. At the time the plant had no PM or RM program. They have gone to a lower tensile strength steel for the spring and will also evaluate coatings.
!V. NEXT MEETING
UCC 093507
The Annual Meeting will be held in San Francisco on Sept. 13-14, 1979.
Georgia-Pacific Corporation
p.o. Box 629
Plaquemine, Louisiana 70764 Telephone (504) 687-6321
June 6, 1979
MEMBERS OF THE VINYL CHLORIDE SAFETY ASSOCIATION
The next Vinyl Chloride Safety Association meeting will be held at the Hyatt n Union Square Hotel in San Francisco on September 13 and 14, 1979.
Arrival in San Francisco should be scheduled for September 12.
In order to expedite programming, please indicate on the attached form topics which would be of principle interest to you or your company. It Is necessary that these areas be limited to about five topics. Also, since this list is not intended to cover the complete spectrum of vinyl chloride safety, note any other subject of interest in space provided on the questionnaire or by separate communication.
Also, with regard to potential social programming, please indicate on the attached form whether your wife plans to accompany you on your visit to San Franicsco. Those who wish to actively participate by presenting a paper, or acting as a discussion leader should contact me as quickly as possible by return mail or by telephone.
Our target date for completion of a preliminary agenda has been set for the third week of July. In order that we meet this date, and that this year's meeting continues to be of safety value to those who produce and use vinyl chloride, your cooperation and assistance is requested.
Very truly yours.
<Jim Gabbett Program Chairman
JFG:ddg
Attachments
ETHYL CORPORATION
Maxi:r.\cti;i?ixii Depahtjikst
August 7, 1979
^le*5 aooaess heply TO'.QOX 3 4 1
BATON ROUGE, LA 7WC21
MEMBERS OF THE VINYL CHLORIDE SAFETY ASSOCIATION
Preparations for the fall meeting in San Francisco are essentially complete. Attached is a copy of the agenda reflecting the results of the recent poll of membership. Since all speakers have not been confirmed a final copy of the agenda will be available at the meeting registration desk.
The meeting will be held September 13 and 14 at the Hyatt on Union Square, San Francisco. The hotel is holding a block of rooms for us for September 12 and 13. The rates range from $75 - $95 for a single and from $95 to $115 for a double. Reservations should be made by calling the hotel directly at 415 - 398-1234.
Many wives are planning to accompany their husbands. There will be an interesting program planned for the ladies during the day Thursday. (Note: If your wife plans to attend please inform Oim Gabbett, Georgia Pacific, Plaquemine, La.).
We will follow the usual format of registration and social hour between 8-9 a.m., Thursday, September 13. Registration fee will be $30 per person and will include the cost of lunch Thursday, A short business meeting will be held to decide, among other things, 1980 officers, location of the 1980 meeting and an up-to-date treasurers report.
See you in San Francisco.
Sincerely,
tiles'
H. G. Olson, Secretary, Vinyl Chloride Safety Association
Attachment
UCC 093509
VINYL CHLORIDE SAFETY ASSOCIATION MEETING AGENDA SEPTEMBER 13 & 14, 1979
HYATT ON UNION SQUARE, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 94108
September 13, 1979 Time
A.M. 8:00 - 9:00 9:00 - 9:30 9:30 - 10:15
10:15 - 10:30 10:30 - 11:15
11:15 - 12:00 P.M. 12:00 - 1:00
1:00 - 1:45 1:45 - 2:30 2:30 - 3:00 3:00 - 3:15 3:15 - 4:00 4:00 - 4:30 4:30 - 5:00 5:00
Subject
Registration 8c Coffee Social Hour
Chairman's Welcome Official Business
(CUT - Its contribution to business which handles toxic chemicals)
Coffee Break
Risk Analysis of Runaway Reaction Occurring in a Solvent Autoclave
Training New Plant Forces for Safety
Lunch
Pros & Cons of Computer Control Relative to Safety
Explosion in VCM Recovery Compressor
Placing Explosive Charge on a Burning Tank Car
Coffee Break
Major VCM Excursions Sc How They are Handled
Data Reporting on VCM Monitoring Equipment
Solvent Absorption as a Final Control Device
Adjourn
Discussion Leader
Art Gellner CertainTeed Dick Fleming Ex. Vice President Air Products
D. C. Wobser Union Carbide
Roy Henderson Diamond Shamrock
c)
B. Terwiesch Chemische Werke Hiil H. Waltemate B. F. Goodrich
()
W. Clark Dow Chemical G. Schaaf B. F. Goodrich
Parenthesis indicate that the Subject or Discussion Leader have not been finalized at this time.
UCC 093510
(2)
September 14, 1979 Time
8:00 - 8:30 8:30 - 10:15
10:15 - 10:30 10:30 - 12:00 12:00
Sub.iect
Chloride Stress Cracking (Update)
An Update of Regulatory Agencies Activity & Their Effect on Our Industry. Including: New Regulations
Present Reporting Required Present Reporting Results Other Agencies, etc.
Coffee Break
True Confessions
Adjourn Meeting
Discussion Leader
J. Wallace Esso
J. T. Barr Air Products & R. Laundrie General Tire
J-
UCC 093511
MEMBERS OF THE VINYL CHLORIDE SAFETY ASSOCIATION Attached are EPA survey forms which will provide useful informa tion at our San Francisco meeting. The data will be compiled by Jim Klupar of B. F. Goodrich. It is necessary that they be re ceived by August 31 at the address shown on the bottom of the form. Please note the company replying can remain anonymous by clipping off the top of the form before mailing. A blank form and a sample form are included. Your cooperation will be appreciated.
JFG:ddg Attachments
UCC 093512
VCM NESHAP SURVEY-VCM SAFETY ASSOCIATION - PERIOD 3/1/79 THRU 7/31/79 EPA REGIOnEHT.
VINYL CHLORIDE PLANT
61,62 and 61.63
OXYCHLORINTION REACTOR
INCINERATOR
OTHER CONTROL (Describe)
Total Hours of Plant Operation Hours Not in Compliance % Hours in Compliance Relief Valve Discharges
No. of Releases Total Lbs. Released
2&A0______
4o o ....
______________ II_ r
zzzzm
____z_
2.000
POLYVINYL CHLORIDE PLANT
SUSPENSION DISPERSION
BULK
LATEX
SOLUTION COPOLYMEP
1. Reactor Openings 61.64(a) Total No. of Openings No. in Compliance % in Compliance Measured or Calculated
SQ 40 %0 MFfll>eE~P
_____________ _____________ CfttcjJtATel?
50 44
2. Resin Stripping - 24 Hr. TWA RVCM 61.64(e)
Total Days Operating Days in Compliance % in Compliance
153
/ J QO
__________
_____________ ______________
100
47 47
J^Relief Valve Discharges of Reactor Discharges
No. of Other Discharges Total Lbs. Released
______ I ______ I
300
_____________ _____________ _____________
I _
50
Charcoal
Liquid
Incinerator Adsorber Absorber
Furnace
Other (Describe)
4. Monomer Recovery Discharge 61.64(d)
Total Hours of Plant Operation Hours Control System Bypassed Emission Measurement Frequency Hours Non-Compliance % Hours in Compliance
36op
30 Mo'j v...
3Cs
33
5 Has your plant received a Notice of Violation
or Enforcement Order
7
The period 3/1/79 thru 7/31/79 has 153 days (3,672 hours).
PLEASE COMPLETE AND MAIL TO: J. A. Klupar BFGoodrich Chemical Company 6100 Oak Tree Boulevard
leveland, Ohio 44131 EFORE August 31, 1979
For Further Explanation Please Call: - (216) 524-0200 ext. 7808
UCC 093513
COMPANY NAME
PLANT LOCATION
VCM NESHAP SURVEY-VCM SAFETY ASSOCIATION - PERIOD 3/1/79 THRU 7/31/79 EPA REGION^
* VINYL CHLORIDE PLANT
61.62 and 61.63
OXYCHLORINTION REACTOR
INCINERATOR
OTHER CONTROL (Describe)
Total Hours of Plant Operation Hours Not in Compliance % Hours in Compliance Relief Valve Discharges
No. of Releases Total Lbs. Released
- POLYVINYL CHLORIDE PLANT
SUSPENSION DISPERSION
BULK
LATEX SOLUTION COPOLYMER
1. Reactor Openings 61.64(a) Total No. of Openings No. in Compliance % in Compliance Measured or Calculated
2. Resin Stripping - 24 Hr. TWA RVCM 61.64(e)
Total Days Operating Days in Compliance
in Compliance
3. RRi elief Valve Discharges No. of Reactor Discharges No. of Other Discharges Total Lbs. Released
Incinerator
Charcoal Adsorber
Liquid Absorber
Furnace
Other (Describe)
ki Monomer Recovery Discharge 61.64(d)
Total Hours of Plant Operation Hours Control System Bypassed Emission Measurement Frequency Hours Non-Compliance % Hours in Compliance
______________ ______________
'_________ ______________ ______________
__________ __________ __________ __________ __________
__________ __________ __________ __________ __________
___ ___ ___ ___ ___
5. Has your plant received a Notice of Violationor Enforcement Order
The period 3/1/79 thru 7/31/79 has 153 days (3,672 hours).
PLEASE COMPLETE AND MAIL TO: J. A. Klupar BFGoodrich Chemical Company
100 Oak Tree Boulevard leveland, Ohio 44131 BEFORE August 31, 1979
For Further Explanation Please Call: (216) 524-0200 ext. 7808
UCC 093514
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
1910-Subpatt G STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS
PART 1910
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS
SUBPART G--OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL
1910.93 19 io.9.`ia 1910.94 1910.95
1910.90 1910.97 1910.98
1910.99 1910.100
Aii- contaminants. Asbestos. Ventilation. Occupational noise exposure.
Ionizing; radiation. Nonionizing; radiation. Additional delay in effective date.
Sources of standards. Standards organizations.
111 1910-Subpart G
UCC 093515
1910.93 STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
SUBPART G--OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL
1910.93--AIR CONTAMINANTS
An employin''* exposure to any material listed iii table G-l. (i--li. or G-3 of this section shall he limited in accordance with the requirements of the following paragraphs of this section.
(a) Table G-l:
(1) Materials with names preceded by "C"--ceiling
values. An employee's exposure to any material in table G-l, the name of which is preceded by a "C" (e.g., C Boron tri fluoride), shall at no time exceed the ceiling value given for that material in the table.
(2) Other materials--8-hour time weighted aver
ages. An employee's exposure to any mate rial in table G-l, the name of which is not preceded by "C," in any 8-hour work shift is preceded by a "C" (e.g., C Boron trifluoride). shall at no time exceed the ceiling value given for that material in the table.
Table G-l
Substance
p.p.m.* mg./M*
Acetaldehvde.............................. 200
A cot if1 acta..................... .............
10
Acetic anhydride.........................
5
Acetone........................................ 1,000
Aeetonitrlle.................................. 40
Acetylene dichloride, see 1, 2-
IMchloroethylene.......................
Acetylene tetrabromide.............
1
Acrolein........................................
0.1
Acrylamide--Skin........................
Acrylonitrile--Skin.....................
20
Aldrln-Skln.................................
Allyl nlcnhol--Skin.....................
2
Allyl chloride..............................
1
*C Allyldycldyl ether (AGE). 10
Allyl propyi disulfide.................
2
2-Aminoethanol, see Ethanol-
amine....... ...............................
2-Atnlnopyrldlne.........................
0,5
Ammonia................................ 80
Ammonium sulfamate (Am-
mate).......... .......................................................
n-Amyl acetate............................ 100
sit-Amyl acetate......................... 125
Aniline--Skin..............................
5
Anisldlne (o, p-lsomers)--Skln.......................
360 25 20 2,400 70
14 0.25 0.3 45 0.28 5 3 45 12
2 38
15 525 650 19
0.5
Antimony and compounds
(as Sb)...............................................................
0.5
ANTU (alpha naphthyl
thiourea)........................................................
0.3
Arsenic and compounds (as As).....................
0.5
Arsine...........................................
0.05
0.2
Aztnphoe-methyl--Skin.........
0.2
Barium (soluble compounds).
0.6
p-Benzoqulnone, see Qulnone
Benzoyl peroxide.............................................
5
Benzyl chloride...........................
1
5
Biphenyl, see Diphenyl............................ .......................
Blsphenol A, see Diglycidyl
ether..................................................................................
Boron oxide......................................................
15
C Boron trifluoride.....................
1
3
Bromine.......................................
0.1
0.7
Bromoform--Skin.......................
0.6
5
Butadiene (1.3-butadiene)........ 1,000
2,200
Butanethiol, see Butyl mer
captan
2-Butanone................................... 200
590
2-Butoxy ethanol (Butyl Cel-
losolve)--Skin..........................
50
240
Butyl acetate (n-butyl acetate). 150
710
sec-Butyl acetate......................... 200
950
tert-Butyl acetate........................ 200
950
Butyl alcohol............................... 100
300
sec-Butyl alcohol......................... 160
450
tert-Butyl alcohol....................... 100
300
C Butylamine--Skin.................
5
15
C tert-Butyl chromate (as
CrO)--Skin................................
0.1
n-Butyl glycldyl ether (BGE)- 80
270
Butyl mercaptan.......................
10
35
p-tert-Butyltoluene..................... 10
60
Calcium arsenate.......................... .
1
Calcium oxide............................... .
5
'Camphor................................
2
Carbaryl (Sevin)...................................
5
Carbon black.............................................
3.5
Carbon dioxide............................ 6,000
9,000
Carbon monoxide.
60 55
Chlordane--Skin.....................
0.5
Chlorinated camphene--Skin.
0.6
Chlorinated diphenyl oxide__
0.5
Chlorine.
3
Chlorine dioxide.........................
0.1
0.3
C Chlorine trifluoride.................
0.1
0.4
C Chloroacetaldehyde................
1
3
a-Chloroacetophenone
(phenacylchlorlde)..................
0.05
0.3
Chlorobenzene (monochloro-
benzene)...................................
75
350
o-Chlorobenzylidene
maiononttrlle (OCBM)...........
0.06
0.4
Chlorobromomethane.
200 1,050
2-Chloro-1.3-butadiene, see
Chloroprene..................... .--
Chlorodlphenyl (42 percent
Chlorine)--Skin................... .
1
Chlorodlphenyl (54 percent
Chlorine)--Skin.............. .--
0.5
t-Chloro,2,3-epoxypropane, see
Epichlorhydrtn...................... .
1910.93(a)(2)
112
UCC 093516
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
1910.93(a)(2)
STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS
Table G-l--Continued
Substance
p.p.m. mg./M*
2-Chloroethanol, see Ethylene chlorohydrin............................
Chloroethylene, see Vjnyl
chloride.................................... C Chloroform (trlchloro-
methane)................................. . l-Chloro-l-nltropropane Chloroplcrln............................... Chloroprene (2-chloro-l,3-
butadlene)--Skin................... .
SO 20 0.1
25
240 100
0.7
90
Chromium, sol. chromic,
chromous salts as Cr............
0.5
Metal and insol. salts............. .
l
Coal tar pitch volatiles (ben
zene soluble fraction) anthra
cene, BaP. phenanthrene,
acridine, chrysene, pyrene___
0.2
Cobalt, metal fume and dust..
0.1
Copper fume..............................
0.1
I>usts and Mists.....................
1
Cotton dust (raw).....................
1
Crag herbicide........................ Crosol (all Isomers)--Skin........
15 22
Crotonaldehyde.........................
*
o
Cumene--Skin...........................
60
246
Cyanide (as CN)-Skin...........
5
Cyclohexane...............................
300
1,050
Cyclohexanol............................ Cyclohexanone...........................
50 50
200 200
Cyclohexene............................... Cyclopen tadiene........................
800 76
1,015 200
2, 4-D........................................
10
DDT-Skin................................
DDVP, see Dichlorvos............. Decaborane--Skin.....................
0.05
0.3
Demeton--Skin........-............
0.1
Dlacetone alcohol (4-hydroxy4-methyl-2-pentanone)...........
50
240
1,2-dlaminoetnane, see
Kthylenedlamine...................
Dtnzomethane............................
Diborane. Dlbutylphthalate----C o-Dlchlorobenzene.
0.2 ai 50
0.4
0.1 5 300
p-Dichlorobenzene.....................
75
450
Dlchlorodlfluoromethane......... 1,000
4,950
1,3-Dlchloro-5,5-dlmethyl
hydantoln................................
0.2
1.1-Dlchloroethane..................... 100
400
1.2-Dlchloroethylene.................
200
790
C Dlchloroethyl ether--Skin..
16
90
Dlehloromethane. see
Mpthylenechlorlde..................
Dlchloromonofluorornethane.. 1,000
4,200
C 1,1-Dlchloro-l-nltroethane...
10
50
1.2-Dlchloropropane, see
Propylenedlcnlorlde. I) ichlorotetrafluoroethane......... 1,000
7,000
Dlchlorvoe (DDVP)-Skln............................
1
I) leidrln--Skin.................................................
0.25
Dlethyiamlne..............................
25
75
Dlethylamlno ethanol--Skin... 10
50
Diethylether, see Ethyl ether...........................................
Difluorodlbromomethane........... 100
860
C Dlglyctdyl ether (DGE)........
0.5
2,8
Dlhydroxybentene, see
Hydroqulnone..................................................................
Dilsobutyl ketone...................... 50
290
Dlisopropylamlne--Skin............
5
20
Dlmethoxymethane, see
Methylal........................................................................
Dimethyl acetamide--Skin.......
10
35
Dlmethylamlne........................... 10
18
Dimethylamlnobenzene, see
Xylldene........... ............................................................
Dlmethylanlllne(N-dlmethyl*
aniline)--Skin..........................
6
25
Dlmethylbenzene, see Xylene.......................................
Dimethyl l,2-dibromo-2,2-dl-
chloroethyl phosphate,
(Dlbrom).......................................................
3
Dlmethylformamide--Skin.......
10
30
2,6-Dlmethylheptanone, see
Dilsobutyl ketone........................................................
1,1-Dlmethylhydrazlne--Skin...
0.5
l
Dlmethylph thalate..........................................
5
Dlmethylsullate--Skin...............
1
5
Dlnltrobenzene (all isomers)--
Skin................................................................ Dinltro-o-cresol--Skin.....................................
1 0.2
Dinltrotoluene--Skin......................................
1.5
Dioiane (Diethylene dioxide)--
Skin........................................... 100
360
Diphenyl......................................
0.2
1
Dlphenylmethane dlteocyanate
(see Methylene bisphenyl
Dipro'pylene glycol methyl ether--Skin...............................
D 1-sec, octyl phthalate (Dl-2ethylhexvlphthalatel........... .
Endrln--Skin............................... Eplchlorhydrln--Skin................ EPN--Skin................................... 1,2-Epoxypropane, see
100 5
800
5 0.1 19 as
2,3-Epoxy-l-propanol, See Glycidol.....................................
Ethanethlol, see Ethylmer-
captan........................................
Ethanolamlne.............................. 2-Ethoxyethanol--Skin.............. 2-Ethoxyethylacetate (Cello-
3 200
solve acetate)--Skin................ 100 Ethyl acetate............................... 400
Ethyl acrylate--Skin.................
25
Ethyl alcohol (ethanol).............. 1,000
Ethylamlne............................. Ethyl sec-amyl ketone (5-
10
methyl-3-heptanone)..........
25
Ethyl benzene........................ Ethyl bromide.......................
100 200
Ethyl butyl ketone (3-
Heptanone).........................
60
Ethyl chloride............................. 1,000
Ethyl ether............................. Ethyl formate.........................
400 100
C Ethyl mercaptan................
10
Ethyl silicate............................... 100
Ethylene chlorohydrin--Skin..
5
E thylenedlamlne......................... 10
Ethylene dibromide, see 1,2-
Dlbromoethane.........................................
Ethylene dichlorlde, see 1,2-
Dlchloroethane..........................................
C Ethylene glycol dtnltrate and/or Nltroglycerln--Skin... * 0.2
e 740
540 1,400
100 1,900
18
130 435 890
230 2,600 1,200
300 25 850 16 25
See footnotes at end of table.
113
1910.98(X2)
UCC 093517
1
1910.93(a)(2) STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Table G-l--Continued
Substance
p.p.m.* mg./M* *
Ethylene glycol monomothyl
ether neetote, see Methyl
ceHosolve iicetnt.e.....................
Ethylene Inline-Skin................
Ethylene oxide...........................
Ethvlldlne chloride, see 1,1-
niehloroethane.......................
N-F.thylmorphoHne--Skin........
20
Ferbam........................................
Ferrovnnadlum dust..................
Fluoride (ns F)............................
Fluorine......................................
0.1
1,000
Formic ncid.............................
5
Furfural--Skin.....................
5
Furfuryl alcohol......................
50
Olycldol (2,3-Epoxy-l-
propnnol)..............................
50
Glycol monoethyl ether, see
2-Ethoxyethanol..........................................
Guthion , see Aitnphos*
methyl............................................. ............
Hafnium...........................................................
Heptachlor- Skin.............................. ............
Heptane, (n-heptane).................. fiOQ
llexachloroethane--skin............
1
Hexachioronaphthaiene--Skin......................
Hexane (n-hexane)...................... 600
2-Hexanone........ ......................... 100
Hrxonr (Methyl lsobutyl
ketone)..................................... 100
Sec-llexyl ncetate......................... 60
Hydrazine Skin........................
1
Hydrogen bromide...............
3
C Hydrogen chloride..................
S
Hydrogen cyanide--Skin...........
10
Hydrogen peroxide (90%)..........
1
Hydrogen selenlde......................
0.05
Hydroqulnone................................................ .
C lodino........ ..............................
0.1
Iron oxide fume.............................................. .
Isoatnyl acetate........................... 100
Isoamyl alcohol..... ..................... 100
Tsnbutyl acetate........................... 150
Isobutyl alcohol........................... 100
Isophorone...................................
25
Isopropyl acetate......................... 250
Isopropyl alcohol......................... 400
Isopropylamine............................
5
Isopropylether............................. 500
Isopropyl glycldyl ether (IGE). 50
Ketene..........................................
0.5
Lead arsenate.................................................
Lindane--Skin................................................
Lithium hydiide............................................
L.P.G. (liquified petroleum
gas)............................................. 1,000
Magnesium oxide fume..................................
Maiathlon--Skin............................................
Maleic anhydride.........................
0.25
C Manganese...................................................
Mesityl oxide................................ 25
Methanethtol, see Methyl
mercaptan...................................................
Methoxychlor..................................................
2-Methoxyethanol, see Methyl
cellosolve......................................................
Methyl aretate............................. 200
Methyl acetylene (propyne)___ 1,000
5,600 9 20
200 160
0.5 0.5 2,000 10 0.2 1,800 410
15 610 1,650
1910.93(a)(2)
Methyl acetylene-propadiene mixture (MAPP)..................... 1,000
Methyl acrylate--Skin................ 10 Methylal (dlmethoxymethane).. 1,000
Methyl alcohol (methanol)........ 200
Methylamine...............................
10
Methyl amyl alcohol, see
Methyl lsobutyl carblnol........ .
Methyl (n-amyl) ketone (2Heptanotie)..............................
C Methyl bromide--Skin........... Methyl butyl ketone, see 2-
Hexanone.................................. . Methyl cellosolve--Skin.............
Methyl cellosolve acetate--Skin Methyl chloroform....................... Methylcyclohexane..................... Meth y lcyclohexanol....................
0-Meth ylcyclohexanone--Skin.. Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK),
see 2-Butanone....................... Methyl formate............................ Methyl iodide--Skin...................
Methyl isobutyl carbinol--Skin. Methyl isobutyl ketone, see
Hexone.............. -...................... Methyl Isocyanate--Skin.......... C Methyl mercaptan-................ Methyl methacrylate.................. Methyl propyl ketone, see 2-
Pentanone................................. C a Methyl styrene.....................
C Methylene btsphenyl isocyanate (MDI)....................
Molybdenum:
Soluble compounds................. Insoluble oompounds.............. Monomethyl aniline--Skin........
C Monomethyl hydrazine-- Skin...........................................
Morpholine--Skin....................... Naphtha (coaltar).......................
Naphthalene........... ................... Nickel carbonyl...........................
Nickel, metal and soluble empda, as Ni............................
Nicotine--Skin............................
Nitric acid................................... Nitric oxide.................................. p-Nitroaniline--Skin.................. Nitrobenzene--Skin................... p-Nltrochlorobenzene--Skin___
Nitroethane................................. Nitrogen dioxide......................... Nitrogen trifluoride.................... Nitroglycerin--Skin.......... ....... Nltrometbane............................. 1-Nitropropane............................ 2-Nltropropane............................ Nltrotoluene--Skin.................... Nltrotrichloromethane, see
Chloroplcrin.............................
Octachloronaphthalene-- Skin.. Octane........................................
Oil mist, mineral....................... Osmium tetroxide..................... . Oxalic acid.................................. Oxygen difluoride.......................
Ozone.......................................... . Paraquat--Skin......................... Parathlon--Skin................... ...... Pentaborane................................
100 20
0.02 10 100 100 0.02
25 1 1
100 5 10 0.2
100 25 25
5
500
0.06 0.1 0.005
114
1,800 35
3,100 260 12
80 120 1,900 2,000 470 460
0.05 20 410
480
0.2
0.35 70 400 50 0.007
30 6 6 1 310 9 29 2 250 90 90 30
UCC 09351
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
1910.03(a)(2)
STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS
Table G-l--Continued
Substance
p.p.m.* mg./M* *
Pontarhloronnphthalone--Skin.. ................
0.5
Penlachlorophenol--Skin............ ................ * Pentane..................... ................ 1.000 2-Pentanone............ ................... 200
0.6
2,960 700
Porchloromethyl mercaptan___
0. 1
Perchloryl fluoride......................
3
Petroleum distillates (nnphtha). 800
Phenol--Skin....... .......................
6
p-Phenylene diamine--Skin........ .................
Phenyl ether (vapor)..................
1
Phenyl other-biphenyl
mixture (vapor).......................
1
Phonylethylone, see Styrene.......
0.8 13.6 2,000 19 0.1 7
7
Phenyl glycidyl ether (POE)... Phenylhydraslne--Skin.............
10 6
60 22
Phosdrjn (Mevinphos )--
Skin............................................. .........
0.1
Phosgene (carbonyl chloride)...
0. I
0.4
Phosphine....................................
0.3
0.4
Phosphoric acid............................ ......
1
Phosphorus (yellow).................... ...........
0.1
Phosphorus pentachloride........... .........
1
Phosphorus pentasulflde............. .........
1
Phosphorus trichloride............... PhthaliC anhydride.....................
0.6 2
3 12
Picric acid--Skin..........................
.........
0.1
Pival (2-Plvalyl-l,3-
indandlone)...............................
.........
0.1
Platinum (Soluble Salta) as
Pt................................................ I'ropargyl alcohol--Skin............
.........
0.002
1 .................
Propane........ ........................... 1,000 n-propyl acetate.......... -............. 200
1,800 840
Propyl alcohol............................. 200
600
n-Propyl nitrate..........................
26
110
Propylene dichloride..................
78
360
Propylene imine--Skin..............
2
6
Propylene oxide.......................... 100
240
Propyne, see Methylacetylene..
Pyrethrum................................... _________
6
Pyridine.......................................
&
15
Quinone........................................
0.1
o. 4
RDX-Skln.................................
...........
1.6
Rhodium, Metal fume and dusts, as Rh............................. Soluble salts.............................
Ronnel..........................................
Rotenone (commercial).............. Selenium compounds (as Se)___ Selenium hexafluoride..............
................. ................
.............
................
................ 0.06
0.1 0.001
10 6 0.2 0.4
Silver, metal and soluble com
pounds...................................... Sodium fluoroacetate (1080)--
Skin...........................................
Sodium hydroxide....................... Ptlbine.......................................... Stoddard solvent....................... Strychnine....................................
Sulfur dioxide.............................. Sulfur hexafluoride...................... Sulfuric acid................................. Sulfur monochloride....... ............ Sulfur pentafluoride.................... Sulfuryl fluoride.......................... Systox, see Demeton .............. 2.4.5T........................... ..............
Tantalum.................................... TE Dp-Skin.............................. Tellurium...................................
...............
................
.............
0. 1 600 ...............
6
1,000
"*"i.....
0.026 6
0.01
0.08 2 0.5 2,960 0.16 13
6,000
e
0. 26 20
10 6 0.2 0.1
Tellurium hexafluoride..............
0.02
0.2
TEPP--Skin....................................................
0.08
C Terphenyls......... ..................
1
9
1.1.1.2-Tetrachloro-2,2-difluoro-
ethane........................
600 4,170
1.1.2.2-Tetrachloro-l,2-dlfluoro-
ethane.........................
600 4,170
1.1.2.2-Tetiachloroethane--Skin Tetrachloroethylene, see Per-
6
36
chloroethylene....................................... ..........................
Tetrachloromethane, see Carbon
tetrachloride......................................................................
Tetrachloronaphthalene--Skin.....................
2
Tetraethyl lead (as Pb)--Skin......................
0.076
Tetrahydrofuran........................ 200
690
Tetramethyi lead (as Pb)--
Skin...............................................
Tetramethyi succinonitrile--
Skin..........................................
0.6
3
Tetranitromethane......................
1
8
Tetryl (2,4,6-trinltrophenyl-
methylnitramlne)--Skin....................................
1.6
Thallium (soluble com
pounds)--Skin as T1..........................................
0.1
Thiram.......... .........................................................
6
Tin (inorganic cmpds, except
oxides......... ...................................................
2
Tin (organic cmpds)..............................................
0.1
C Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate........
0.02
0.14
o-Toluidine--Skin.......................
6
22
Toxaphene, see Chlorinated
camphene...........................................................................
Tributyl phosphate...............................................
6
1.1.1-Trlcnloroethane see
Methyl chloroform............................................................
1.1.2-Trichloroethane--Skin....... 10
48
Tltaniumdloxide..............................................
16
Trtchloromethane, see Chloro
form....................................................................................
Trichloronaphthalene--Skin................................
8
1.2.3-Trichloropropane................
80
300
1,1,2-Trichloro 1,2,2-trlfluoro-
ethane..... ..........
1,000
7,600
Trtethylamine.............................
28
100
Trlfluoromonobromomethane... 1,000
6,100
2.4.6-Trinitrophenol, see Picric
acid.....................................................................................
2.4.6-Trinitrophenylmethyl*
Trinitrotoluene--Skin.....................................
1.6
Trlorthocresyl phosphate...............................
0.1
TTiphenyl phosphate......................................
3
Turpentine................................... 100
860
Uranium (soluble compounds)......................
0.08
Uranium (insoluble compounds)..................
0.28
C Vanadium:
VjOjdust.................
0.5
VjOjfume......................................................
0.1
Vinyl benzene, see Styrene................................................
"C Vinyl chloride......................
600
1,300
VJnylcyanide, see Acrylonitrile................................. .
Vinyl toluene............................... 100
480
Warfarin............................................................
0.1
Xylene (xylol).............................
100
485
Xylidlne--Skin............................
5
28
Yttrium..................................................... ......
1
Zinc chloride fume...........................................
1
Zinc oxide fume............................................ .
5
Zirconium compounds (as Zr).......................
5
1970 Addition.
Parts of vapor or gas per million parts of contami nated air by volume at 25 C. and 760 mm. Hg pressure.
` Approximate milligrams of particulate per cubic meter of air.
115 1910.93(a)(2)
a
UCC 093519
1010.93(a)(2) STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Table G-l--Continued
Substance
p.p.m* mg./M* *
(No footnote "c" Is used to avoid contusion with celling value notations.)
d An atmospheric concentration of not more than
n.(v> p.p.m., or personal protection may be necessary
to avoid headache. r As sampled by method that does not collect vapor. t For control of general room air, biologio monitoring
Is essential for personnel control.
(b) Table (1-2:
(1) 8-hour time weighted average*. An employee's exposure to any material listed in table (1-2, in any H-hour work shift of a 10-hour work week, shall not exceed the 8hour time weighted average limit given for that material in the table.
(2) Acceptable ceiling concentration*. An
employee's exposure to a material listed in table G-2 shall not exceed at any time dur ing an 8-hour shift the acceptable ceiling concentration limit given for the material in the table, except for a time period, and up to a concentration not exceeding the maximum duration and concentration allowed in the column under "acceptable maximum peak above the acceptable ceiling concentration for an 8-hour shift."
(3) Example. During an 8-hour work shift, an employee may be exposed to a concentration of Benzene above 25 p.p.m. (but never above 50 p.p.m.) only for a maximum period of 10 minutes. Such exposure must be compen sated by exposures to concentrations less than 10 p.p.m. so that the cumulative exposure for the entire 8-hour work shift does not exceed a weighted average of 10 p.p.m.
Material
Table G-2
8-bour time weighted
Acceptable ceiling
Acceptable maximum peak above the acceptable celling concentra tion for an 8-hour shut.
Concentration
Maximum duration
(Z37.29-1970).
10 p.p.m............. 25 p.p.m............. 60 p.p.m____ ... 10 minutes. 2 Mg./M*............... 5 Mg./M*............... 25mS-/M*............. 80 minutes.
0.1 mg./M*
3 mg./M*.............
0.2 mg./M*.......... 0.6 mg./M*...........
20 p.p.m............. 30 p.p.m............. 100 p.p.m...........
Do.
10 p.p.m............. 25 p.p.m............. 200 p.p.m........... 5 minutes In
any * hours.
20 p.p.m............. SOp.pan............. 60 p.p.m__ ____ 6 minutes.
. 50 p.p.m............. . lOOp.pjn........... 200 p.p.m........... 5 minutes in
any 3 hours.
. 3 p.p.m............... 5 p.p.m............... 10 p.pnn............. 30 minutes.
2.5 mg./M*______ Lead and its inorganic compounds (Z87.ll- 0.2 mg./M*.
1900). Methyl chloride (Z37.18-1969)....................... 100 p.p.m........ 200 p.p.m___
Methylene Chloride (Z37.3-1969).................. 500p.p.m........ 1,000p.p.m..
Organo (alkyl) mercury (Z37.30-1909)......... 0.01 mg./M ... 0.0* mg./M *_. Styrene (Z37.15-1909)..................................... 100 p.p.m........ 200 p.p.m___
Trichloroethylene (Z37.19-1967)............................do..
.do..
Tetrachloroethylene (Z37.22-1987)........................do.
-do.
Toluene (Z37.12-1967).................................... 200 p.p.m........ SOOp.pmi. Hydrogen sulfide (Z37.2-1966)................................................... 20p.p.m..
Mercury (Z37.8-1971).................................................................. 1 mg./lOM . Chromic acid and chromates (Z37.7-1971)....................................... do *........
300 p.p.m... 2,000 p.p.m.
600 p.p.m. 300 p.p.m. ........do....... 600 p.p.m.. 50p.pju...
5 minutes in any 3 hours,
6 minutes In any 2 hours.
5 minutes in any 3 hours.
5 minutes in any 2 hours.
. 6 minutes in any 3 hours.
. 10 minutes. . 10 minutes one
only If no other measin able exposun occurs.
1810.93(b)(3)
u*
UCC 093520
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
1910.93(c)
STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS
(c) Table G-3: An employee's exposure to any material listed in table G-3, in any 8-hour work shift of a 40-hour work week, shall not exceed the 8-hour time weighted average limit given for that material in the table.
Table Q-3--Mineral Dusts
Substance
Mppcf Mg/M*
Silica: Crystalline: Quartz (respirable)...............
250 lOmg/M*m
%SIO*+5 Quartz (total dust)...................................
Crlstoballte: Use H the
value calculated from the count or mass formulae for quartz. Tndymtte: Use H the value
calculated from the for mulae for quartz.
Amorphous, Including natural dlatomaceous earth..................
20
%S10*+2 30mg/M* %S,0,+2
SOmg/M*
%SlOt
lllcates (less than 1% crys talline silica):
Mica...............................................
20
Soapstone......................................
20
Talc (non-asbestos-form)...
20"
Talc (fibrous). Use asbestos
limit............................... Tremollte (see talc, fibrous)
Portland cement..........................
50
Graphite (natural)..................
15
Coal dust (respirable fraction
less than 6% SlOi)..................................... 2.4mg/M
or
For more than 5% SiOt............................... lOmg/M*
lert or Nuisance Dust: Respirable fraction...............
Total dust.............................
%S10H-2
15 Smg/M> 50 15mg/M*
Note: Conversion factors-- mppcfX35.3mi)llon particles per cubic meter
-particles per c.c. * Millions of particles per cubic foot of air, based on Impluger samples counted by light-held technics. ' The percentage of crystalline silica In the formula Is the amount determined from air-borne samples, ex cept In those Instances In which other methods have been shown to be applicable. 1 As determined by the membrane filter method at 430xphase contrast magnification. " Both concentration and percent quartz for the appli cation of this limit are to be determined from the fraction passing a size-selector with the following characteristics: * Containing < l% quartz; If > l% quartz, use quartz
limit.
(d) Computation formulae:
(1)
(i) The cumulative exposure for an 8-hour work shift shall be computed as follows:
c.t. + c.r + ... c,r.
E ------------------------------------------8
where: E is the equivalent exposure for the working shift. C is the concentration during any period of time T where the concentration remains constant. T is the duration in hours of the exposure at the concentration C.
The value of E shall not exceed the 8-hour
time weighted average limit in table G-l, G-2, or G-3 for the material involved.
(ii) To illustrate the formula prescribed in subdivision (i) of this subparagraph, note that isoamyl acetate has an 8-hour time weighted average limit of 100 p.p.m. (table G-l). Assume that an employee is subject to the following exposure:
Two hours exposure at 150 p.p.m. Two hours exposure at 76 p.p.m. Four hours exposure at 50 p.p.m.
Substituting this information in the for mula, we have
2 x 150 + 2 X 76 + 4 X 50
----------------------------------------- = 81.25 p.p,m. 8
Since 81.25 p.p.m. is less than 100 p.p.m., the 8-hour time weighted average limit, the exposure is acceptable.
(2)
(i) In case of a mixture of air contaminants an employer shall compute the equivalent exposure as follows:
where: Em is the equivalent exposure for the mixture. C is the concentration of a particular contaminant. L is the exposure limit for that contaminant, from table G--1, G--2, or G--3.
117
1910.93(d)(2)(i)
UCC 093521
1910.93(d)(2)(l) STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
The value of E,,, shall not exceed unity
(I).
Since Em is less than unity (1), the expoure combination is within acceptable limits.
(ii) To illustrate the formula prescribed in subdivision (i) of this subparagraph, con sider the following exposures:
() To achieve compliance with paragraph (a) through (d) of this section, administrative or engineering controls must first be determined
and implemented whenever feasible. When
such controls are not feasible to achieve full
Actual con- 8-hour time compliance, protective equipment or any crntration weighted other protective measures shall be used to
Material
of 8-hour exposure
avrrnjre exposure
limit
keep the exposure of employees to air contami nants within the limits prescribed in this sec tion. Any equipment and/or technical
Acetone (Tnble G-l)
500 p.p.m. 1,000 p.p.m.
2-Rutanone (Table G-l) 45 p.p.m. 200 p.p.m.
measures used for this purpose must be approved for each particular use by a compe
Toluene (Table G-2)
40 p.p.m.
200p.p.mt.ent industrial hygienist or other technically
qualified person. Whenever respirators are
used, their use shall comply with 1910.134.
Substituting in the formula, we have:
500 45 40
1,000
200 200
E. = 0.500 + 0.225 + 0.200
E- = 0.925
1910.93a--ASBESTOS
(a) Definitions.
For the purpose of this section.
(1) "Asbestos" includes chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite, anthophyllite, and actinolite.
(2) "Asbestos fibers" means asbestos fibers longer than 5 micrometers.
(b) Permissible exposure to airborne concen trations of asbestos fibers.
(1) Standard affective July 7, 1972. The 8-hour time-weighted average airborneconcentrations of asbestos fibers to which any employee may be exposed shall not exceed five fibers, longer than 5 micrometers, per cubic centimeter of air, as determined by the method prescribed in paragraph (e) of t his section.
(2) Standard effective July 1, 1976. The 8-hour time-weighted average airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers to which any employee may be exposed shall not exceed two fibers, longer than 5 micrometers, per cubic centimeter of air, as determined by the method prescribed in paragraph (e) of this section.
(3) Ceiling concentration. No employee shall be exposed at any time to airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers in excess of 10 fibers, longer than 5 micrometers, per cubic cen timeter of air, as determined by the method prescribed in paragraph (e) of this section.
(c) Methods of compliance.
(1) Engineering methods.
(i) Engineering controls. Engineering con trols, such as, but not limited to, isolation, enclosure, exhaust ventilation, and dust
19l0.93e(c)(l)(i)
118
TJCC 0935i#
INTERNAL CORRESPONDENCE
UC 149- 2.
CHEMICALS AND PLASTICS
TO (NAME) Dr. R. J. Anderson, 312
COMPANY Mr . M. E. Eisenhour
LOCATION
Dr *
D.
H.
Glenn
Mr. J. L. Hockersmith
Mr. J. B. Leverton
Dr. W. R. Manning, 511
Mr. W. A. Mazzolini
Mr. C. E. Moyer
Mr. F. S. Provenzano
Mr. M. E. Sutherland, 511
Mr. G F. Tacquard
Mr. R. J. Taylor
Mr. R. N. Wheeler, 514
Suspension Vinyls Staff
From: R. L. Frantz
P, O. BOX 471, TEXAS CITY, TEXAS 77590
date
October 31, 19 77
subject vinyl Chloride Safety Association Meeting - October 6 & 7, 1977 Valley Forge, Pennsylvania
This regular meeting of the Association had a record attendance of eighty-three members from virtually all of the domestic VCM and PVC producers as well as representatives from several foreign countries, including Canada, Mexico, U.K., Germany, Italy and Norway. Union Carbide was represented by Mr. R. N. Wheeler and the writer. A complete attendance list will be mailed to me; if any of you are interested in receiving a copy, let me know.
The first item on the agenda was a discussion of the physiological effects of VCM by Dr. R. W. McBurney, a physician from Diamond Shamrock. Some highlights of his presentation were: VCM is a relatively non-toxic chemical - it can cause narcosis and even death by asphyxiation. It is detoxified in the liver. Its target is the lining of small blood vessels and can cause Raynaud's phenoma by plugging up the blood vessels in the end of the fingers which can lead to AOL (loss of bone structure in the end of the fingers). It can also cause cirrhosis of the liver, enlargement of the spleen and of course angiosarcoma of the liver. Angio is Greek for worms (small blood vessels) and sarcoma is cancer. All of these effects are rare. VCM is a very weak carcinigen - only one in 3400 of those who've had prolonged, extended high exposure to VCM developed angiosarcoma. It is not a risk for workers ex posed to from one to twenty-five ppm (his opinion, of course), VCM is picked up in the blood and transferred to the liver and lungs is excelled through the lungs. A question from Herm Waltenrate of B. F. Goodrich to Dr. McBurney was of perhaps more interest than Dr. McBurney's answer. It was "Is it more likely to get angio sarcoma from ingestion than from breathing?" The answer was "No". It was pointed out that there have been sixty-four deaths attributed to angiosarcoma over the last twenty-five years.
UCC 093523