Document 10kvRRMB0jvYKK07M1M8q0oxK
FILE NAME Manville JMA
DATE 1929-1952 DOC JMA258
DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Lanza Correspondence
Reference Departmn their way through the mask thus
" ineffectiveness of masks
that June 1981
ment is made
a copy of which we
masks are not
Workman from the perils of breathing
C J. LANZA ANT MEDICAL BINKUTOA
Mr. Allen Hardwell
|
New York City
ne
1
molose asbestosis There than get then I
the bibliography on
- are three articles in this list that appeared inTuberale an ..
English publication I am sending for extra copies of these
and
I
Py
I shall sand a set to Dr. Byatt in Bewark
in "we
To have almost smpleted our work
found a larger job than we had anticipated
cently and found it a very fine plant indeed -
Manville which there
I spent a day there re-
Please let me know if we can secure any other in-
, formation for you
.
a
Eth best regards I am
acpaint acpaint
we
Sc ot
~
.
hee
AY
we
e
.
a
ee Sree FIO) ae. obs
ener.
C
.
METROPOLITAS LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
Frederick H. Ecker President
New York City
Anthony J. Lanza M.D.
Assistant Medical Director
it ve
os") Manville
(| | 292 Madison Avenue * New York H.Y.
ot
G
G
Oo
Many thanks indeed for your letter of May 25th and the
two volumes of the record of the case of Butlar indeed to get this material and
I am very glad
ing it to me
appreciate your courtesy in send-
; , *
*
;
as
4 ".
a
am back in York good and hope to drop in I
now
New
for
and see you some tiim n te he near future
As you these
are probably aware there are a great many of
^'
sits being filed particularly in Rochester I have had
several advice
attorneys
and
other
interest
people
come
to
me
for such
.
as I could give them These people always sak if cm refer . them to others who have had similar experiences I have always
refrained from mentioning the Manville Company or anybody
. connected with it in any way but I am wondering whether there
might not be some advantage in a community of interests so to
speak for after all misery loves company
.
-
Harris Beach Mr. Folger of
40
Folger Bacon and Keating
Franklin Street Bochester New York Attorney for the Fes York
Central Railroad is handling a great many of these cases
Mr.
Hardigg
of
the
American
Society
of Mechanical
is
Engineers is
: trying to get up some sort of a Manufacturers Defense Association
on behalf of the abrasive industries used to be the head of the safety depara tmen natd Mor.f tdeheBDl upo oni tws ohroganizais also trying to get together some organisation for the
benefit of the Rochester mufacturers
apprecit ate appreciate it |
to or all people appreciate
it
if
you will
let
me know
7
some
;.
wishtains confer any
of these
or
past tains attitude that I have in the
of
in Ho+. 7n iga) overnment authorities Wighle
.
<
Se ty
'
.
7
te,
;
rr
:Di
rs
meeting
wfulidghting Dr.
saiPdendergrass
wmaeyre
havefind have .
Fayoe
*
mo
ree
Bir
eae
Se
a
Lo
.
PULITAN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY |
Frederick H. Ecker PresideNT
NEW YORK CITY
ANTHONY J. LANZA D.
Assistant Medical Director
rae a
.
February 26 1935 e
ow
Se. J.J. fram
ar@nis Laboratory
Sae
Sae Sae Y.Y.
Smpagar,
say that blane I haveyour letter of February 24 and cannot
I
7 for feeling somewhat passed aters the present situation However
@ ist of the confusion is due misunderstanding
misunderstanding groping sudund I think t will traighten itself out
and a general
I
enclose a copy of a
Mencilotse chins request Mr. letter that wrote to Doz At the
of
I also sent
a ssp to Kr Gentholts of the Republic Steel Company and I have sent a
copy to Ir Geyers and Nr The of the St. Joseph Lend
who
.
Company has been quite a help
raying raying This morning I have a wire from fon
_ returning to Ironmad as he is to appear before the
that he has delayed|
Committee
considering Legislative . inthis
the silicesis bill He intimates thatBitchins and his
group will get the support of the in and
in cut some of their olsunderstandings I
their succeed my
letter
and
only hope
that
I
I
did
not
steel people if they can straight-
tried to clarify the situation in
in
it the more
have this time nsoitddling proposed the Ty
at
I
no ides ides at
whether
work orworks Pittsburgh is going to
and
whether or
whether scheme center have anything anything to do with it If they want to
scheme scheme
in
any of
will want to
their efforts on the
Public Service . Litigative and legal aspects of the question then neither you nor I nor the
;
i
Health
Service will be interested If they wish to sponsor and ce-
_ ^rdinateresearch then they cannot get along without the support of the
Public Health Service and Saranac In any event I do act see that Saranac .
is in any
|
threatened Nobody is going to set up a research or investiga-
way you tive organf^/ntionorganf^/ntion to do that and the Public Health Service are now doing
an
advice being not this
Identified enterprisacetively it <2
I do see
than advice
Identified
b^'coe
apopseral
chancce hance Identified I do
5
of my
able to give anything
not think itis in the picture at
it I agreewith Mr. Fletcher the bo st premise of success would
more to all for that
be to
enterprise Indertaking apopseral Laboratory by and administeredby the Saranac
94" necessarilynecessarily in Saranac However I imagine the whole subject will be
simplified and clarified clarified if and when the interested parties parties who coatribute
representatives her the soney send their
to decide what and
they fish it done
Dr. AnthonJy. Lanza
oo
MNeetwrYooprolkiCtiatnyLife Insurance ----
.
-- --
_ Dear Tony
lot you feel you Silicosis Your letters have done a
my own thinking on the matter of the
to straighten
straighten
I am glad to know where you stand because it will 1
oe
help me in my relations with the
mee
cerned I am sorry
other people con- the
that
personal
stand
must
take the
I can appreciate
with to have hardly
it
7
that youyou would
any other at least for the present
ms
be should gratifying Your letter to Cummings
gratifying to him for
apparently you told Hitchins ' some of the things that Don felt he abwild
most Kr bear
I:
.
glad that they
intend to go easy on
ture of their first 25,000 If they.
never mistakes with it they might
be hie
the
I
should make mars
to get mars
eo
ANTHONY^ LANZA
Assistant Medical Director
t
New York City -
:
'
ai
5
Dr. Leroy 8. Gaiter Gaiter
apa Laboratory Laboratory
7
s
Samanac Lake ..
Oirector
Dear Roy
Rares ta. soended plan for a Dust Institute
~ As 41 I onla tg 07, ty the small
2
are
group whose
et
Then I get the final check
each transmit the plan to Mr. Hitchins .-
who
then
can take
it or leave it
If
-
they
to
drop all reference to the subject of
insist on
the sinstitute sinstitute will go ahead If they
injecting claims and clets matters as an essential part of the Dust institute then all the
rest of us will
prently drop out in which case I think that Don's
will probably set up to independent venture of their coownntacts
I have not forgotten the matter
get hold of Mr. Fletcher in a day or twoof Ao twelk l and will
Best regards
4
-
. ape TO
gs
.
we
:
i
, ,
-
Sincerely yours
:
.
7
/
A. J. Lanza A.D.
Assistant Medical Director
pe
oe
an
5
s
i
ANTH LANZA.MO LAN NZAY .M
(| Measatant Radical Director
ee
eece eeSe eeorerer, wo ee |
a
Friderick ECKER Chaiofrthm e Ba oarn d
Leroy A. LinCOLN President |
NEW YORK CITY
VD 2 Opt
Vandiver Brown Esq
General Attorney Johns Manville Corporation - 22 East 40th Street New York N.Y.
Dear Mr. Brown
with further reference
after I returned to my
Edward Arthur Delarue
well connected and who
to your question concerning Richmond I remembered
office that I had had a conversation with a Dr.
& young doctor in Richmond who seems to be very
is anxious to get into industrial work
He is
thirty years old was graduated in Richmond in 1933 and has an
office at 116 East Franklin Street Richmond
He struck se as a per-
sonable young man with a good background
might be worth considering
.
Sincerely yours
too
.
11/27/40
11/27/40 11/27/40
ve Mr. F.
(7
G.
ee
}
LipperCtH
ed
Pe tee)
A. J. Lanza M.D.
AssistantAssistant MeMeddiicaclal Director Director |
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+ Occupational Health Bulletin R
PNEUMONIOSTS DIATONACEONS EARTH PNEUMONIOSTS Sree
Seemed
Diatoraceous earth is a form of free free
Like the ordinary silica from quartz diatomaceous sufficient amounts over sufficient periods fatal disease of the lungs
silica or silicon dioxide
diatomaceous earth when inhaled
of time causes causes a disabling
Sio Sio
in
in
and often
In thisthis coniosic %
country the In Europe
disease is usually termed
it is ordinarily referred
diatoraceous earth pneumoto as siliccsis due to
from diatomaceous earth The discase differs in certain characteristics
and
has certain basic similarities to conventional silicosis These vill to
discussed
.
ys
;
What Is Diatomaceous Earth
The natural or raw diatomaceous earth is a fine grained material composed composed composed composed composed composed
the siliceous skeletons of tiny aquatic plants known as diatoms Through
ages these
been deposited on the bottoms of bodies of
have fresh In various parts of the world these depuitshave appearedat
of face and many
them are now being commercially exploited
andsalt the earth's
Mineralogically diatomaceous earth is classified as opal a hydrous form
of silic but in its
The pure natural
mineral
is entirely free silica
diatomaceous earth contains
silicon
25
dioxide -- 102
to 40 water
stato diatomaceous about Commercial varieties variously variously contain small amounts of impurities such as
others clay lime quarta and
Practically all samples of the dry earth
however contain unwards of 75 silicon silicon dioxido
ailies The natural diatomaceous silier differs from quartz
the common
found in trinos in the fool that quits niiten shows a characteristic
crystalcrystalinelcryistanlliene pattern an studies with the bony spectrometer spectrometer vitreap the rtv
typo
.
:
Free
Free silica silicon dionide St^ *
silica
silica
is
silicon
silicon
dionide
dionide
dionide
St^
:
is
Imensionis is a
ne hoes
1.
1
general
"
tone foy foy dies of the lungs rempting
an
re re Sr is
1
Seer tee .. bo, He
from
large
plant
plant near
.
In
In
felfernin
felfernin
felfernin
the
the
JJoo hn hn of chisvisie
Lesnt
nt
procutur
procutur
the
the
mamteartiaelrial
in in
the
the
world world
certainly
certainly
California California in
in
California California
is
the
the
Great Great Great
Great Great
takes takes
takes
.
mata
in the
Carson Carson
Carson
is
is
mid
United
United
United
Corporation
CorporationCorporation
.
fire
aa
States States
States
The
other
other
CorporatiCoCorponrationorporation
which
which
which
which
operates
op opeerraatets es operates
Haltoria Haltoria
Haltoria
Haltoria Haltoria
HaltorHailtoaria
There
Angeles
Angeles
Angeles
AnAgngeelels es
County County
County
County
constructing and constructing and
is now
now
constructing constructing constructing constructing
constructing
constructing constructing constructcionstnructging
a
a
Angeles
otherother
other
producers
small
smallsmal
small producers small small
producers producers
in in
in
Santa
Santa Santa
Santa
Barbara
Barbara Barbara
Barbara
Inyo
Inyo
large large large
large
large large
ppllaant nt
and
and
San
San San
Diego
Diego
Diego
^'
In recognition of the potential danger to workers handling
earth products the leading producers have recently inaugurated labelling the containers of the powdered products products as follows
diatomaceous a progran of
Celite materials consist of an almost pure
diatomaceous
.
amorphous diatomaceous
silica plus varying
percentages of crystalline silica InhalaInhalattion ion
of silica dust over long periodsmay be harmful
7 an
mots
should The materials
dust if thisis
be not
used so as not to create
employees should
be equipped with adequate protective devices 2
In the producing industries there are numerous dust generating operations which have been incriminated as sources of disease However in California at
least the chief danger spots today are in the occupations having to do with sacking the materials loading them into railroad cars and in the baghouses In the diatomaceous industries some of the trouble spots are those those in which the materials are unloaded from railroad cars or other vehicles or in which the material is emptied from sacks and mixed with other materials or other-
wise used
.
7
Number of Workers Exposed
In the mining and milling industries of the four
states states there are
California exceediwnegslteyrhnigh exposed the about 1,000 employees about 800 in
employedat any one time How-
over the labor over in
dusty jobs is
ranging up to
almost 400 per year in certain instances so that the mumber of workers
whose lungs may have been damaged is impossible to ascertain
exposed The number of workers
these products is not known ,
to the dust
but is probably very high
THE DISEASE
Il uginating
History Is IlluginatinRogt
In California diatomessus earth has been mined and processed for almost yura Foligsorki 3 in Cerrony reported in 1910 expirinats in which he was able to produce in animal true granulomon granulomon the by introducing the dust subcutaneously
" ghouse is a lepse tem for a len type dont collector mit including fabric
bag dust filters support and homing for the bit, shaking systen and
dates with is willy :: i.c. il fils crystalline pattern with presently available equipment
show a definite
When the natural diatomne wis earth is subjected to heating
culcirieg and
treatment Thuring with certain chemicals such as sodium carbonate in the
manufacture of numerous cornercial products a varying proportion of the called
azorphous crystalline form is converted to a
form
of
silica
known
as
grintobalite grintobalite
grintobalite IRAS
In the United States diatomaceous earth and its products are known by a
large variety of names commercial and othervice diatomite celile diculite
etc. and there are various dusignations for powders containing mixtures of
diatomaceous earth and other dusts such as silossl etc.
In Europe there are also many designations for the same materials
molora bergnehl infusorial carth ,
desaid earth molora
kieselguhr fossil flour fossil meal tripolite polirschiefer
white peat telluring randanite bergnehl
etc.
Uses of Diatomaceous
Farth
Diatomaceous earth in one
tions A few exampleesxamples are
another form finds numerous practical applicaa- pplica-
2. Filtering and refining of sugar syrups spirits juices waters
petroleum productsproducts chemicals varnishes serums pharmaceuticals etc.
b Insulation of heat and cold in power plant equipment
steel plants
petroleum refineries glass manufacturing furnaces kilns refrigerators
etc. e
Fillers in
explosivesexplosives
battery boxes roofing flooring waxes paints insecticides abrasives cosmetics fertilizers
. ere
plastics
etc.
d Building industry admixture for concrete cements plasters silica and pussolan ccaents roads light weight building blocks etc.
c Miscellaneous unnufacture of filter candles soluble silicates glazes
decolorizing products poultry littersweeping granules etc.
The percentage percentage uses
Filtration Insulation
Fillers miscellaneous
1947 In
1947 , production in the United States reached 213,535 short tons and
figure figure figure figure
is
doubtless
much
larger
1
O Occ cucpauti pon aal tOcicupoationnalaOccupaltional and UndustrialUndustrial Exposures ExposuresExposures
Potential cconpational exposures exist in the memorous industries which
tiline tiline
miterial However the most important spree of disease has been
in the industries engaged in producing the trial end its provints While
d^'pouits of the earth
found in presently carteraiidiy carteraidiy caploited
caploited i od a
ro
sorte
bs
my of Bited Bited States most
deposit foo in the Teak Clifornia Oregon deposit oraint of pra inationpra ination
Bustics of parcurialia
with one published by J.
1000. He describedcome
the hattural trade in this country bagan
femboy A Frein of Crime
100 battera of Orange who who
we
in
were were
victins of
typical nercurial poisoning but 15
before ears pabel
next
before the next rec-
first
appeared quite as shocking as the first NothinNgothing was done about
okit little attention was paid none by the medical world Then in
1912 37 years later the public was startled by a report made by a
lay organization the National Civic Federation
If the reader will substitute the Legge and fusemcrunts study for the Freeman
in
1860
study in 1860
and
the
California
California
California
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
and
Health
Health
Health
Association
Association
for
the
National Civic Federation a similar picture becomes apparent
Downing 17 summarizes the problem well
It is apparent in the study control and prevention of occupational
health hazards the United States is not on a par with other
countries
Lack of recognition of the importance of industrial skin
cancer stands out in sharp contrast to the unrestricted and wide
publicity given this important matter in England Cormany and Switzer-
land where these cancers are notifiable and compensable diseases and
information regardirngegarding them therefore is relatively reliable The
industrial nodicine here is full of failures to prevent the
history of unnecessary
unnecessary deaths in industry that have occurred
for example from
occurred berylliosis of the skin and lung cancer of the lung from
*
berylliosis osteogenic tuzors of the bladder due to aniline dyes
chromates
tumors
and radioactive chemicals
cancer due to carcinogens in the
try All these industrial hazards could have been controlled
eliminated
Incidence and Prevalence of the Disnese
No accurate data are available because
physicians of the existence of the disease pulmonary tuberculosis 3 the failure rents of the California Lator Code 16
ignorance
( ) 1 ignoranciegnoranceignorance on the part of most
of the resemblance of the
the
resemblance
resemblance
disease to
report the disence according to require-
Despite this situation nome figures at hand are revealing
In study of Logge of 103 men ommmmined eel l or 64.9had abnormal lung
press Twenty years later the lompocplant physician submitted to thepres changes that of 922 people he examined since 1945 33.55 had lung changes
the 1930
changes changes
changes
15
*
The
Bureau's
normal
source
of
information information information
on occupational disease is the
StateState reporting required by law tothe California State Department of Industrial
Relations Section 6407 of the lalor Code stalas very employer insurer
and physicien or sung tho attend any injured erplegen shall file with
the Division of Labor Statistion and Research under rules and regulations
prescribed by the Division of Lebar Statistics and Rubarch a complete
report
of every injury to each aut layarising out of or in the course of
employment his employment
uniam dibility retting fun
Miron ] tin day or does sub require medical service
such injury does not last
than
service other than ordinary first
Dub tent
Ui Se AAS ot other AT Caigan eo athath Moor dee 1. found evidenen
of diatom diatom earth mate ocnionia in 1 he coe en at t Health les
record of 7ly
7ly Accident Commission
is wore ces
There
Accident Commission
7ly asfinal asfinal asfinal eng Mitch Mitch mod of the Industrial
and other t Cintinding tiotin on is ravezling
are a number of proven or without cuturis in the Industrial
file
Up to date of preparation preparation
preparation
of
this this bulletin
Statistics nech 1952 the Division of Labor
all reports of the disense
allof the A of employers reports
1943
1943
port from December 1951 which was received in
December
Statistics and Resourch And received received four physicians physicians
since January 1951.
thorough check of all
the end of 1951 by the Division reveals one re-
relatively small number of workers exposed at any one timtimee
by any standard even on the basis of very incomplete
statistics
diatomaceous
staistcs 15 analyzed Reports in
the
statistics for stasttatistiics sstatistitcs staitisticscs
statistics
statistics
for for
Santa
industry earth industry industry
is
is located
lay press indicate they
CountyCounty for the area
are now being critically were high
where
the
died 11 of describes the lungs of two workers whodied after of
years calcined
diatomaceous earth
dust
changes The lung changes
the final stage became a diffuse
and hyaline hyaline sclerosis fairly similar to that of the
fibrotic
silicosis
massive quarte
But we have noted some important differences from the
usual quarts silicosis lack of hyalinized single or conglomerated
nodules and different features of the changes lending to sclerosis
These changes consist in a diffuse cellular thickening
the walls
of of the lung air spaces produced by proliferation of dust dust
This proliferation becomes
phagocytes
gradually air
and
so marked that it replaces every
space
initiates a massive grgranuloma anuloma which only in a
late
capillaries stage becomes fibrotic Emphysema dilation of
blood and hyperplasia of all the smooth muscle cellsof the capillaries
and bronchi are secondary phenomena
arterioles
-
The diffuse distribution of changes
resembles that of
ashostosis
ashostosis
in the air spaces
somewhat
Vonald 13 describes surgery who had expostures
pathology as follows
the lungs of 10 workers 6 after death and 2 after
ranging fron two to 23 years Ho summarizes the
unlike small inhaled engreatlydonates but are Although there are scattered foci of hyalinimation and necrosis
not
the pulmonary response to
the fibrosis is generally more diffuse and celclaurlatrs innevteyrptehealndess
involves not only the perivascular and poribronchial tissue
and
nore espacially the alveolar umlls These are
and often fused
thickened
the alveoler sprices are either obliturated creatly
distorted and
or
calamat to form
the
thedifd fusie fdiffufs usee
cceelllullar ulcellulaar r
pulmonary pulmonary
fibrosis
donates
areas
fibrosis pulmonary
n ne ee ed d
to
be
be
the
the
m mo os st timportant important
important
letion in more serious than the
important dicular dicular iceals of
uncomplicated silicosia and is perhaps responsible for the
nounced respiratoryrespiratory difficulty encentered in era of this dpirsoe-ase
310g Hangs of
the the
crage
crage
Ja all of
in three forms quinta kita land bee cristobalite were found in
the villa deces
nams of
the ray differation differation
Lochnique
Lochnique
However of ema of
eo:
our
Ino
chet Awa
World's ces except one the
be broad and no rules can and
quartz silic content did
be bob down
not excued
2.3 from which he concludes the quartz is not the primary toxic agent
either cristobulite or dialouite must be incrisinntad incrisinntad
<<
Since deposits of diatonite contain varying amounts of quartz the precise
of
type
lesion
produced
may with the quarto content of the dust
Thus
of Noz
s 6 cases showed typical quarto silicosilsicosiis s lesions in addition
diatomaceous evidence of diatomaceous earth These prople had been exposedto diatomaceous
earth containing significant amounts of quartz
vicious Regardless of the minutiae of
silicosis sets up the usual
right heart embarrassment with the
tory failure
pathology this disease like ordinary quartz
circle of effects fibrosis emphysema
consequent
consequent
symptoms
of
respiratory
and
circula-
Susceptibility to Tuberculosis and Other Respiratory Discases
.
There is suggestivo evidence to indicate
pulmonary predisposes to
tuberculosis 15
adequate study of this question There is , of course
that diatomaceous earth confers resistance to
tuberculosis with the combined diseases have practically a
that diatomaceous earthpneumoconiosis pneumoconiosis
However there has been no
no evidence for the repeated wyth On the contrary those
hopeless prognosis
Vorwald 13 states Our experimental
effect of the fused calcined calcined product product on the
infection Several of the patients studied
indicate results
indicate the deleterious
course of associated
had extensive tuberculosis tuberculosits uberculosis
there Doctors for the industry state that
incidence to pneumonia and acute pneumonititshere among
erate lesions of diatomaceous earth pneumoconiosispneumocnis pneumoconiosis
scens also to
among those who
be an increased
develop the conglon-
Role of Different Forms of DiatomaceousDiatomaceous Forth
There
are
two
primary
types
of
diatomaceous
earth :
earth
a
the crude or called
primary the been amorphous form and
processed form which has
heated to high tenpera-
tures and treated with a flut
fluxed ell investigators that the
usually sodium carbonate
and calcined
There is agreement by
variety which contains larga
102 mounts of
as cristobalite is highly toxic more so than quarta silica
The role of amorphous diatomite has not been studied as well
good
evidence
that it is
However capable capable of causing disease if there is
there
is
sure to it 13,19
sufficient expo-
All forms of the dust cause lung changes within a year
or
or w
re of
Some instances of marked lung changes have develop das erly erly as six monetxhpsavauftreor
exposure it 26 In general in tenter that the morphans for con produce
disgabe bat will take longer to do it
loginity Jn Animal exprimenta exprimenta by Garner
entia exeli on being equal in
9 headed headed distondistoinitetdisteonite orphous
quarta alliens elite
diaton-
en
. orgius ilion een | progressive
bubble bubble Geneting frou quartz He could
progressive fibrosis indistinguishable from the
to rare tale than either either quarto quarto
or distinitedistnite
Verald summarizes the
as follows Clinical
experimental
subject subject and evidence inlicate that both crude and fluz online diatonicsous
fibrosis former czpitle of producing pulmonary fibrosis the latter more than the
earth are
13
Signs and Symptoms
4
In general the symptons of this disease are similar to those of silicosis
and other pasumoconioses as well as
pulmonary and insidious with dyspnes cough chest pain
tuberculosis loss of wight
The onset is generally
lows of appetite
much more frequent in this dissense than it is
result of the formation of emphysematous bullae at
.
.
.
Death onset
disease
has ensueednsued in
of symptoms symptoms
progresses known cases
the individualbecomes within a fefwew months to
increasingly disabled
several years from the
spontaneous The immediate cause of death may be heart failure spontaneous spontaneous pneumothorax
superimposed tuberculosis or other infections infections or other pneumonic
or cardio-
vascular complications predisposed by the basic lung ddiisense sense
generally The course of the disease is
more rapid than that of classical
Forkers silicosis
Forkers who stopexposure to the dust after
progress have taken place may retard the
of
thedisease discase may progress after cessation of exeposurexposure
at any
only minimal lulngung changes Ca the other hand the
stage
Superimposition of tuberculosis of course worsens the prognosis
Ray Findings
yes
lung changes The carliest
seen are desdesccribedribed as linear exaggeration
Another change often seen in that of fine
producinga
reticulation sort ground glass appearance Following this stage there may be seen evidence
of of
this of nodulation but the nodules in
ddisease isease are not as discrete
discrete as those
clas-
siliconis sical siliconis
more severe cases no
may be detected as the
In conglomerate nodulation disease advances with conglomerate
spreading coalescent lesions
reports * Poitevin 24 of
en
experience with
Canada interesting diatomacetoheus earth cattle
These animals vare suffering from infected bladder and the
discuse
espaciallyin British
was known locally as Red Nater This disease was noted espacially
Columbia in pasture areas flooded every spring and where cattle
were
placed after the unter lind recoded The soil the grass vere studied ond -
they were found to contain
spicules
which
spicules
which
an
you
you
know know
espacially a large percentage of diatons
look look
like
like
nordlen nordlen
under under
the
the
issue issue issue
unange
Bladora Bladora
Bladora
human lung of sutural of the dont unimals were studied in the co way as way
and
was found tthhe e bblladadedr debrladder
that hundreds hundreds of
inventig inventig
inventig
bed
bed
andand
sponge spicules were were So led in the tissues of
responsible
ware
ware
no
no
dodouubbtt
rrespoensible sresponpsible onsible
for for
the
infection
4I 4I 4I
Julien
JulienJulien
but het
8
rer
may
enplay may may
be
be
do
not
Oo do
ras
Soweto
of
the the
.
.
Oona
' 7:
Lugren ul
the
hilt
te
up
up
.
tr,
Paritis Paritis
Paritis
Paritis
may
may
ha
ha
ee viv dei n de 1 n
by
by
thom is cotton
bintang bintang
of
bintang of
the
the
de
1
oe
de
Spats Spats
Spats
Spats
Spats
tebieta-
tebieta-
pneumoconiosin
pneumocniosn pneumoconiosin
pneumoconiosin
pneumoconiosin
the the
rating
wa?
cintab
rating
cintab
rating
cintab
cintab
depandidepandi
to ddeepandpi andi
spun
spun
to
to
assess accurately
worker may
A worker may
be
acurately the degree
disabled
disabled
disadisablbed led
disabled
and
and
minimal
disability
minimal disability in
of disability or crm to the evidence of dis wae
yet
yet
the
show
show
ninaal
K
Conversely
Conversely show ninaal ray changeschanges advanced
Conversely
Conversely
ray presence
of
advanced
advanced advanced
changes
there
there
Diagnosis depends upon a
DDiaginoasisgDniaogsnoissis
History of cure and
Signs and symptoms of rnsunoseniasis
.
The disease can
be mistaken for many
the
diagnosis
diadiaggnosisnosisdiagnosis
of
of a
without nodulation
be easily confused with pulmonarpyulmonary pulmonary pulmonary pulmonary pulmonary tuberculosis
other other lung lesions
However
there
no
pounoconiosis be
It may also
doubt of
Tuberculosis presence of tubercle
the other findings are as above one must
bacteriological bacteriological
bacteriological proof tubercl
of
the
are found
bacilli diagnose the
combined
combined
combined combined
diseases
and
Pulmonary function tests are valuable in unsessing dimability
There is
combined combined combined
with
with
no cure known
bronchodilating
bronchodilating
bronchodilating
bronchodilating
Certain procedures such as positive pressure
drugs give
drugs
drugs
may
may
give
give
give
tenparary
tenparary
tenparary tenparary
relief relief
relief
20
20
therapy
Aluminun
therapy prophylaxis silicosis silicosis silicosis
ordinary silicosis
and and
or
there
is
there is no
rreeaasosn on
toto
has has not been proven to
hheelliicctete
it
it
would
would
would
be be
any
any
be of value
mmoroe rmoree
useful
useful
useful
useful for diaternccous
21,22,23
corth
There is suggestive evidence that aluminum itself
in
may
be
harnful harnful 21,22,23 21,22,23 21,22,23 21,22,23
There have
been
no
reports
in
the
literature
of
of
the
effects
of
ACTH
or
cortigens on this disease
PreviatioPnreviation
Prevention of this disease in 100 disetues It is achieved by use of the dust disa2005 These are
possible as is
2 principles
true of all occupational es art applied to other
a Courtral the dual
te moured by ventilation ventilation methods methods
enclosure of of provada end the Niter
b
Production methods may at
be altered to eliminaetlieminate a toxic
times exposure For exmugle one of the diatomaceous earth
companies earth companies
had recently changed their curlording operation
loading an individual sack
method to the more efficient
producing
operation
operation
from
efficient and
efficient
and
cleaner method employing lift trucks which lift the
sacks
piled on pallets
ray 2. Medical controls periodic physical examinations including chest including and pulmonary function tests to detect evidence of illness carly
3. Good labolr aborcement practices
a Joint labormanagement health and safety committees which work
to assure intelligenit ntelligent participation by all personnel in safe
and houlthful practices .
b Production policies which make it possiblefor the employees
intent to carryout safe practices practices For example in any industries
employees are paid incentive wages to obtain mexicu produstion The employee intent on earning more tends to disregard
safety precautions which slow his work This phenomenon is
common where pay is based on incentive or piece work"
.
Research Needed
Several questions about the disease remain not satisfactorily answered
1. The precise precise level of dust exposure beyond which harm results That That is what should the Kaximum Allowable Concentration be The M.A.C. M.A.C.
occupational is a useful tool in the public health control of
At present present the M.A.C. for quarts silion is used
occupational diseases The evidence now
suggests suggests that if there is a change it will probablybe lower for the
processed processed
forms
of
diatomaceous
quarts earth earth then
earth then
for
2
The
precise
toxicity
and
relationships
of
of
the
amorphous
and
processed
processed
diatomaceous earth dusts
3. The relationship relationship of this dust to tuberculosis The true incidence of the disease in both the producing and consuming
industriesindustries .
A
Health Health
thorough epidemiologic study is monded to provide the answers The State State Department Department Burenu Mult Health in conancing such a study with the help
help
of olan olan .
postal postal postal
postal
aeoaebed
aad
the in
trial BUT is and unions
help
Glausarz Glausarz
Glausarz Glausarz
Fallon
Large air
rupturecdontaining ruptured
spaces
in
the
lung lung
which which which
are
formed
by
by
air sacs oftenasocaiated ssociated with emphysema
heating
Calcing CalcCi alcinn g Cag lcing Process of heating to high temperatures to hasten chozical
reaction desired
Dvsence Latored or difficult breathing
Fibrosis Abnormal increase in the growth of scar tissue
Flux Chemical treatment to hasten reaction desired In diatomaceous
carth processing the chemical ordinarily used is sodium carbonate
Granuloma A persistent overgrowth of tissue is produced in the initial stop
tissue
granulation tissue ofrepair of injured
Granulation or diseased
7. M.A.C Maximum Allowable Concentration i.c. the maximum concentration
of material inthe air breathed during an hour workday beyond which discase may result over a period of time
Inounsthorax In accumulation of air in the pleural pleural in or collapses all or a part of a lung A spontaneous
arises from internal causes and is often the result of
cmphysematous bulla on the surface of the lung
pneumothorapxneumothorax
rupture of an
stretching Pulmonary emphysema :
Distention Distention and
of the walls of the air
sacs in the lung It is found usually in the outer parts of the lung
capacity which have the greatest
forexpansion expansion and occurs as an attempt
to compensate for other parts of the lung which function poorly
Peferences
14411 Lanzo R.
and Myers W. .:
14411 1951
Hallic Hallic Minerals
Zwi ed McGraw-
Communication
Communication from Manville Corporation Dec. 26 1951
, July Podrysocki .: Peitr path Anat17 270 1910 quoted in Vigliani
British J. Industr Med 5 146146
1945
Legge
R. T. and Rosencrantz .:
by Diatomaceous Earth
- 1932
Observations andStudies
Amer J. Public Health 22
Silicosis
1055
Silicosis
Oct.
in
Nuck quoted in Nordmann
i
_
Nordmann Martin Die Strublunge der Kissalmihr Arbeiter
311 116-145 1943 .
Virchow Arch Arch
Duvoir H. and Derobert .: La Pheumoconiose per terre de distorees
etude experimentale et clinique Ann de med lag 27
Mottura Vigliani E. C. and
.
Industr Med
Mottura .: Matomaceous Earth Siliconis
5 1S July 1943
Brit J.
Gardner L. .:
Feaction of the Living Pody to Different Types of Mineral
A.I.H.E. A.I.H.E. Mining Technology 2 1-15 May 1935
Peritoneal Feb. 10. Miller J. W. and Sayers R. .: The Response ofPeritoneal
Tissue
Industrial Dusts Fublic Health Reports 56 264-272
14
1941 .
11. Johnstone R. .: Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygione C. V. Mosby Co. St. Louis 1943 p 353
fol owing 12. Examples of this may be foundin the following
case records in the files of
the Californic Industrial Accident Commission
LA 86-535 Hartnell
LA 85-140 Embry
LA 38-234 McLean
LA 82-296 Hooper
SF 85-723 Willines
112--556 9 MaCabo
Vorwald A. .: Distornomous Furth Pneumoconiosis Proc Ninth Internat
CongressInd Med Bristol Eng John Wright 1949
Deatth~- Dist Search Calif Tuberculosis And Health Assn San Francisco
San Francisco Chronicle Jan. 13 1952
.
ton
Aliens Asun
QuPaartrertlyQyuarWteorlvy enMaricnthh1e9Poi4son3ous
PoisonousPoisonous Train
Asee
Industr
Hygieno
Bowning J. .; CancerofChin OccationalTruEL
ME
245
Jun 20 2020
19159522
J. Amar Med Ann
iincnlucdeldudedReport to Manville Corporation on six lungs
in case of Hooper widow vs.
Industry
examined
LA 82-896
305-573 20. Motley H. .: Pathological and Physiological Factors Involved in
Treatment of Siltaquis in Coal Miners
the
and Occup Med 2
Arch Industr liygieno
Oct. 1950
Winkle Woy 21. Brown E. W. and Van
PrementPrement Status of Aluminum in the
Therapy and Prazkylaxis Prazkylaxis
ofBiliconin Biliconin
J.
Aner
Med
140 1024-1629 July 23 1049
Assn
22. Beader E. .: The Aluminum Deng Zochr f Unfallmed u Berufskrankh
Berufskrankh 1949 June
26
266
5
nad
Sept.
15
12
Abstract in Bulletin of
March
March
Hygiene 26
266
March
1951
1951
23.
Ostrovskaya Sanitaion -
Ivanova
;
M. G. and Ostrovskaya
Organisa Hygiene
Moscow I. .: Action of Aluminum Dust on Animal
and Sanitation
April 3 1950
.
24. PoitevinE. Personalcomcunicationommunication Mar. 4 1952
25. Anderson Anderson .: Unpublished talk before Santa 1950 staff Dec. 14
Barbara County Hospital
4 Association 26. Anderson W. .; Diatomachous Earth
humoconiosis paper delivered at
meeting of California Tuberculosis and Health
April
1952 San Francisco
2500 cc
1/9/221/9/22
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