Document 10Xva6nQdoxbvVEXrmv90oqXZ

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF ALABAMA SOUTHERN DIVISION CHARLES RIDLING and BETTY RIDLING, Plaintiffs, VS. ARMSTRONG WORLD INDUSTRIES, INC., et al, Defendants. * * * * * 84-1198-X RESPONSE OF DEFENDANT, ARMSTRONG WORLD INDUSTRIES, INC. TO PLAINTIFFS' FIRST SET OF INTERROGATORIES Comes now the Defendant, Armstrong World Industries, Inc., and responds to Plaintiff's First Set of Interrogatories as follows: PRELIMINARY STATEMENT The following responses are based upon facts known to or believed by this Defendant at the time of answer. Because much of the information is sought from many years ago and is therefore difficult or impossible to reconstruct or retrieve, and because of the volume of discovery requests received daily by us,this Defendant reserves the right to amend these responses as and if new or better information becomes available to it, or if errors are discovered. Unless otherwise stated in a response to a specific interrogatory or request, the responses set forth hereunder are limited in time and place to Plaintiff's allegations of exposure to asbestos and to those asbestos-containing themal insulation products to which Plaintiff alleges exposure and those that this Defendant manufactured and/or sold and the time period after 1940, when this Defendant expanded in to the thermal insulation -- contracting business, and before mid-1969, when this Defendant last sold or manufactured a thermal insulation product containing asbestos. The responses are from this Defendant's records and knowledge and not those of its former wholly-owned subsidiary, Armstrong Contracting & Supply Corporation, which operated independent of this Defendant. To the extent these interrogatories or requests call for information beyond the limitations stated above, an objection is made thereto as being irrelevant, immaterial, burdensome, oppressive, and/or not calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence, and the answers thereto are privileged and/or protected. Where production of documents is requested, representative materials are produced where duplicate, similar or cumulative documents exist, unless otherwise indicated. 1. It is impossible for this Defendant to answer this interrogatory. This Defendant has been involved in the asbestos litigation for many years. During the course of said litigation, its legal representatives have reviewed voluminous records of itself and others, have conferred with many current and former employees of this Defendant and others, and have conferred with legal representatives of others. It has thus 2 become impossible to distinguish sources of information in an accurate and meaningful way. 2. This Defendant is Armstrong World,Inc., incorporated in Pennsylvania with its principal place of business at Liberty and Charlotte Streets, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. . 3. This Defendant was registered to do business in the State of Texas on October 31, 1984. 4. See answer to Interrogatory No.. 3. 5. Not to our knowledge. See Preliminary Statement. 6. See answer to Interrogatory No. 5. 7. No. 8. Not applicable. See answer to Interrogatory No. 7. 9. Yes. 10. No. 11. Yes. 12. (a)-(d) See Attachment A. (e) See Attachment C regarding chemical composition, (f) See Attachment B regarding physical appearance. (g) See Attachment D regarding intended use. (h) See Attachment A. 13. Yes, in regard to LT Cork Covering. 14. LT Cork Covering. (a) Patent number: 2,766,231. (b) Date of Patent: January 1, 1957. (c) None to our knowledge. 15. Yes. 3 16. LT Cork Covering was first manufactured with a kraft paper cover. In 1956, asbestos paper was substituted for the kraft paper for the purpose of creating a more fire_resistant surface. Armaspray originally contained a 6D5 chrysotile asbestos. In July, 1967, A. W. Amosite was substituted, and in January, 1968, S/33/65 asbestos was substituted. The initial asbestos change was due to the increased fiber length, greater wet strength and improved thermal-conductivity of the Amosite. The next change was a result of the discontinuation of supply of A.W. Amosite, the substitution being based upon the supplier's recommendation. 17. Research continues with regard to the persons involved in the design of LT Cork Covering. We believe that W.G. Owens, Senior Research Scientist, and W. H. Yeager, Senior Lab Technician, participated in the design of Armaspray. Owens is currently employed by Armstrong's Research & Development Center, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Yeager is retired. We have neither records not actual knowledge by which to answer this interrogatory for asbestos-containing products manufactured by others. 18. Process specifications for LT Cork Covering and Armaspray exist. Members of this company's Legal Department have copies. 19. See answer to Interrogatory No. 18. 20. This Defendant objects to the use of the term "to the public" since most sales of asbestos-containing insulation products were made in connections with this company's 4 insulation contracting services. Furthermore, at the time that we manufactured LT Cork Covering and Armaspray, we did not believe that they presented any unique health hazards which general, proper handling would not prevent. Therefore tests specific to asbestos were conducted. 21. See answer to Interrogatory No. 20. 22. See answer to Interrogatory No. 20. 23. See answer to Interrogatory No. 20. 24. See answer to Interrogatory No. 20. 25. See answer to Interrogatory No. 20. 26. See answer to Interrogatory No. 20. 27. See answer to Interrogatory No. 20. 28. See answer to Interrogatory No. 20. 29. See answer to Interrogatory No. 20. 30. See answer to Interrogatory No. 20. 31. See answer to Interrogatory No. 20. 32. See Attachment F regarding warnings and cautions. 33. See answer to Interrogatory No. 32. 34. This Defendant first received a lawsuit alleging personal injuries from asbestos-containing insulation productions manufactured and sold by it in 1970. 35. Not applicable. See answer to Interrogatory No. 34 36. Not to our knowledge. 37. Not applicable. See answer to Interrogatory No. 36 38. This Defendant objects to the discovery of such information gathered during the course of and in pursuit of pending litigation for the reason that such information is 5 protected by the attorney work product and attorney/client privileges. 39. See answer to Interrogatory No. 38. . 40. Yes. 41. Our attorney, James H. Crosby, is in the process jof investigating this claim. Any matters not subject to attorney/client privilege or which is not.an attorney work product can be viewed in his office during business hours and upon reasonable notice. 42. Total environment dust level monitoring was tested on two occasions at a job site at Brunner Island, Pennsylvania. In November, 1968 and January, 1969, membrane filters were used to collect dust which was present during the application of Armaspray, a mineral wool insulation product containing asbestos manufactured by this Defendant. The samples were improperly taken and analyzed and the results were therefore inconclusive. Further tests were not pursued because of the decision having already been made to no longer manufacture the product being tested, Armaspray. 43. Not applicable. See answer to Interrogatory No. 42. 44. Both asbestos-containing insulation products manufactured by this Defendant were produced at the Beaver Falls Plant, Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania. LT Cork Covering was manufactured from 1956 to 1959, and Armaspray was manufactured from 1966 to 1968. 45. LT Cork Covering brochures and Armstrong Industrial Insulation brochures were prepared by us. 6 46. (a) We have neither records nor actual knowledge by which to answer this interrogatory. (b) Members of this Defendant's Legal Department have copies. (c) Although we have no records concerning dates of preparation, we believe the LT Cork Covering brochure was prepared around 1956 to 1959 and the Armstrong Industrial Insulations brochure was prepared at various times during the period when this Defendant had a contract insulation unit. 47. The LT Cork Covering brochure and Armstrong Industrial Insulation brochure contained instructions for use and maintenance. - 48. See answer to Interrogatory No. 46. 49. At this time, investigation and discovery indicates possible improper use, however, this answer will have to be supplemented when sufficient information has been obtained. 50. See response to Interrogatory No. 49. 51. In late 1968, this Defendant first became aware of the likelihood of an ascertainable relationship between the inhalation of airborne asbestos fibers and adverse health consequences when George Nickel brought the article "The magic Mineral" in the New Yorker magazine to the attention of management employees of Armstrong Cork Company. Prior to that time, some information came to other employees at different times which alleged a relationship, but the first awareness of this Defendant was as stated above. 52. See answer to Interrogatory No. 51. 7 53. Objection. This interrogatory requires an expert medical opinion which this Defendant is not equipped to render. . 54. Objection. This interrogatory requires an expert medical opinion which this Defendant is not equipped to _ render. 55. None to our knowledge. 56. During the period in which we manufactured and/or sold asbestos-containing insulation products, we did not employ an industrial hygienist. In 1972, Robert Kilgour was hired as the first industrial hygienist at Armstrong Cork Company, Liberty and Charlotte Street, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, a post which he holds today. The industrial hygienist monitors health and safety aspects of the manufacturing facility in order to assist in maintaining compliance with OSHA and other health regulations. 57. None to our knowledge. 58. Not applicable. See answer to Interrogatory No. 56. This Defendant has never employed a corporate medical officer or medical consultant. 59. During the period in which we manufactured and/or sold asbestos-containing insulation products, we did not, to our knowledge, subscribe to any such medical periodicals whose concern was asbestos. 60. This Defendant has a library in Lancaster, Pennsylvania which contains engineering and manufacturing 8 information. But, to its knowledge, there was no libraryestablished for industrial hygiene, medicine or safety. (a) See attachment regarding librarians. (b) Lancaster, Pennsylvania. (c) See attachment regarding librarians. (d) This Defendant, to our knowledge, did not subscribe to any such journals whose concern was asbestos. 61. This Defendant has not been a member of any trade association or organization whose concern was asbestos-containing insulation products during the period in which we manufactured and/or sold asbestos-containing insulation products. 62. Not applicable. See answer to Interrogatory NO. 61. 63. To our knowledge, this Defendant has never subscribed to trade association periodicals. 64. Not applicable. See answer to Interrogatory No. 63. 65. Not to our knowledge during the period when this Defendant manufactured and/or sold asbestos-containing insulation products. 66. This Defendant no longer manufactures and/or sells asbestos-containing insulation products and is, therefore, unaware of current technology in the field. 67. See answer to Interrogatory No. 66. 68. Not with regard to LT Cork Covering and Armaspray. To our knowledge, there was no effective substitute for the asbestos used in these two products. This Defendant has 9 neither records nor actual knowledge by which to answer this interrogatory regarding products manufactured by others. 69, We have neither records nor actual knowledge by which to answer the specifics of this interrogatory. We believed at the time of manufacture of our asbestos-containing insulation products that such were effective. 70. See Attachment E regarding packaging and labeling. 71. Yes. 72. (a) Unarco. (b) Armabestos. (c) 1954-1956. (d) Unknown. - (e) Armstrong purchased these products for use in its contract installation services. (a) Ehret Magnesia Manufacturing Company. (b) 85% Magnesia Pipe Covering. (c) 1957. (d) Unknown. (e) Armstrong purchased these products for use in its contract installation services. This name was later assigned to Armstrong Contracting & Supply Corporation. (a) Ehret Magnesia Manufacturing Company. (b) Calcium Silicate Piper Covering. . {c) 1957. (d) Unknown. 10 (e) Armstrong purchased these products for use in its contract installation services. This name was later assigned to Armstrong Contracting & Supply Corporation. This Defendant also entered into relabeling agreements with manufacturers of insulation products on behalf of its subsidiary corporation, Armstrong Contracting & Supply Corporation. To this Defendant's knowledge, said products were purchased and used by the subsidiary corporation in insulation contracts. 73. Yes. 74. (a) Legal Department, Armstrong World Industries, Inc., Lancaster, Pennslyvania. (b) Relabeling agreements. 75. No employee of this company's asbestos-containing insulation product manufacturing facility ever filed an asbestos-related worker's compensation claim. Prior to 1958, when this company operated an insulation contracting unit, we believe we had received a total of nine claims for alleged pulmonary illness, possibly related to alleged asbestos damage. 76. See Attachment K regarding worker's compensation claims. 77. This Defendant has not presently designated expert witnesses to be called at trial. 78. See response to Interrogatory No. 77. 79. Objection. This interrogatory is overly broad, unduly burdensome, seeks work product and privileged 11 information and seeks information not discoverable under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. 80. Presently this Defendant may offer all documents referred to in the answers to interrogatories and all relevant medicals, scientific and governmental documents, treatises--or papers. Additionally, a pre-trial document, if required, will be provided at the appropriate time. 81. Service is a question of law for resolution by the courts. 82. To the best of our knowledge, this Defendant had no distributors or wholesalers for asbestos-containing insulation products. Most of these products were sold on an installed basis by Armstrong employees, with the exception of Armaspray, which was installed by employees of Armstrong Contracting & Supply Corporation. 83. This Defendant objects to this interrogatory with regard to the period of time during which this Defendant neither manufactured nor sold asbestos-containing insulation products on the grounds that it is irrelevant, immaterial and not calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence. As to the periods during which this Defendant manufactured and/or sold asbestos-containing insulation products, not to our knowledge. 84. Unknown. 85. Under this Defendant's record retention schedule, documents and records reflecting sales of asbestos-containing insulation products no longer exist. We have no knowledge of 12 any sales being made to any of the companies listed. Additionally, no such sales would have been made after 1959. 86. Under this Defendant's record retention schedule, documents and records reflecting sales of asbestos-containing insulation products no longer exist. We have no knowledge of any sales being made to any of the companies listed. Additionally, no such sales would have been made after 1959. 87. Under this Defendant's record retention schedule, documents and records reflecting sales of asbestos-containing insulation products no longer exist. We have no knowledge of any sales being made to any of the companies listed. Additionally, no such sales would have been made after 1959. 88. Under this Defendant's record retention schedule, documents and records reflecting sales of asbestos-containing insulation products no longer exist. We have no knowledge of any sales being made to any of the companies listed. Additionally, no such sales would have been made after 1959. 89. Under this Defendant's record retention schedule, documents and records reflecting sales of asbestos-containing insulation products no longer exist. We have no knowledge of any sales being made to any of the companies listed. Additionally, no such sales would have been made after 1959. 90. Under this Defendant's record retention schedule, documents and records reflecting sales of asbestos-containing insulation products no longer exist. We have no knowledge of any sales being made to any of the companies listed. Additionally, no such sales would have been made after 1959. 13 91. Not applicable. See answers to Interrogatory Nos. 87-9. BROWN, HUDGENS, RICHARDSON, P.C. Attorneys for Defendant, Armstrong World Industries, Inc. BY:/ 'v JAtfES H. CROSBY Post Office 3ox ^Mobile .aoama 16816 36616-0818 CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE I hereby certify that I have served a copy of the foregoing pleading on counsel to all parties in the above-styled cause by mailing 14 COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA COUNTY OF LANCASTER ss I, the undersigned, J. H. Miller, Jr., being first duly sworn according to law, depose and say that I am an Assistant Secretary of Armstrong World Industries, Inc. The information contained in the responses hereto was gathered pursuant to my overall guidance by employees of this Company. I have no personal knowledge of same but am informed and therefore believe the answers to be true and correct. The responses have been prepared by counsel. I am executing this affidavit solely for the purpose of affixing the Company's signature hereto. DATED: September 17, 1985 ARMSTRONG WORLD INDUSTRIES, INC. A Pennsylvania Corporation BY: Assistant Seer On this 17th day of September 9 1985 before me personally appeared J. H. Miller, Jr., to me known to be the person described herein, and who executed the foregoing instrument and who acknowledged that he voluntarily executed the same. A %ot*ry Public CATHY J. PRETZMAN. Notary Public Lancaster. Lancaster County, PA My Commission Expires August 10, 19S7 . CONTRACT OPERATIONS Armstrong manufactured pure cork insulation products for low tem perature applications, which were difficult to install. Therefore, Armstrong established a contract unit with skilled workers to ensure correct installation. To provide full service to its customers, Armstrong's contract unit in about 1940 expanded into the installation of high temperature insula tion products manufactured by other companies. These manufacturers imposed limits on Armstrong both as to customers and geographic locations in which Armstrong could install these products. At che end of 1957, Armstrong contract unit activity ceased when a separate company, Armstrong Contracting & Supply Corporation, took over this business. That company is now known as ACandS, Inc. It. PRODUCTS The high temperature asbestos-containing insulation products used by Armstrong's contract unit, beginning in about 1940, were manufactured by the following companies: KEASBEY & MATTISON (now Nicolet, Inc.) BALDVIN-HILL COMPANY (now Keene Corporation) EHRET MAGNESIA MANUFACTURING COMPANY (now Keene Corporation) OWENS-ILLINOIS GLASS COMPANY (product distributed by OvensCorning Fiberglas Company) UNARCO (now in bankruptcy) A low temperature product manufactured by Armstrong (LT Cotk Covering) was used by its contract unit (1956-57), then by Armstrong Contracting & Supply Corporation (1953-59). Armstrong also manufactured Armaspray (1966-68), a test product sold only to Armstrong Contracting & Supply Corporation. The products manufactured by the other companies for Armstrong's contract operation were: Years Manufacturer of Product Name of Product Label 1940-1957 (Not all products in all years or in all geographic areas) KEASBEY & MATTISON (now Nicolet) Various insulation prooMcts: 85Z Magnesia Hy-Temp Kaytherm Air Cell, Simplex, Duplex, Bestfelt, Mani-Ply Kamatt Asblerex No. 2 Cement, No. 152 Cement, K.P. Asbestos Floats KEASBEY 6 MATTISON Mid-1950*s BALDWIN-HILL (now Keene) Mineral Wool Insulating Cement BALDWIN-HILL 1954-1956 UNARCO Armabestos ARMSTRONG 1956-1957 OWENS-ILLINOIS (manufacturer) OWENS-CORNING FIBERGLAS (seller) Kaylo OWENS-CORNING FIBERGLAS 1957 EHRET MAGNESIA MANUFACTURING CO (now Keene) 852 Magnesia Pipe Covering (occasionally used with an inner layer of calcium silicate) ARMSTRONG Page 1 of 1 >) r Attachment B LT Cork Covering consisted of precision cut segments of cork board adhered to a backing of aluminum foil with a 16/1000" outer covering of nonfriable asbestos paper. This product has been determined not to be defective nor unreasonably dangerous: see attached Order of Judge Robert M. Parker in Gracedel vs. Fibreboard Corp., et al, No. B-80-658-CA, ED TX, June 13, 1982. Armaspray, a spray-on insulation, was gray in color and granular. 85% Magnesia Pipe Covering & Block was molded. The pipe covering was furnished in 3* half sections (split horizontally) and furnished with a factory-applied canvas jacket, forming a hinge and lap. The block was fur nished in 3' x 6" x 1-1/2" segments. 85% Magnesia Cement was sold in powder form. . Hy-Temp Pipe Covering & Block was molded. The pipe covering was fur nished in 3' lengths or tubular half sections in thicknesses from 1" to 3" for pipe sizes 1/2" to 10" in diameter. The block was furnished in 3' lengths and 3", 6", 9" and 12" widths with thicknesses from 1" to 4". Hy-Temp Cement was sold in powder form. Armabestos, a molded pipe covering and block, was a grayish, hard substance. The pipe covering was furnished in 3* lengths in thicknesses from 1" to 5" for pipe sizes 1/2" to 24" in diameter. The block was fur nished in 3* lengths and 6", 12", 18" or 36" widths with thicknesses from 1" to 3". Kamatt, a molded pipe covering, was furnished in 3' lengths and thicknesses of 2", 2-1/2" or 3" for all pipe sizes over 12" in diameter. Page 1 of 3 Kaylo, a molded pipe covering and block, was rigid, preformed, and white in appearance. Kaylo-20 was colored pink with iron oxide for iden tification purposes. The pipe covering was furnished in 3' lengths and thicknesses from 1" to 3" for pipe sizes 1/2" to 39" in diameter. The block was furnished in 18" or 36" lengths and 3", 6", 12" or 18" widths with thicknesses from 1" to 3". Calcium Silicate Pipe Covering, a molded material, was available for pipes 2" or_ greater in diameter. Kaytherm Block was precision molded and gray colored. It was furnished in 3f lengths by 6" widths with thicknesses of 1-1/2" or 2". Mani-Ply Insulation, a pipe covering, was furnished in 3f lengths in thicknesses of 1", 1-1/2" or 2". Bestfelt Pipe Covering was furnished in 3' lengths of 1" standard thicknesses for pipe sizes 1-1/2" to 24" in diameter. The Bestfelt Block and Sheets were furnished in 3* lengths and 6", 9", 18" or 36" widths with thicknesses from 1/2" to 4". Air Cell Insulations were available in pipe covering, sheet, or block form. The pipe covering was furnished in 3' lengths and thicknesses of 1/2" to 1", for pipe sizes 1/2" to 6" in diameter. The sheets and block were furnished in 6", 9", 12", 18", 36" or 72" lengths and 3" widths, with thicknesses from 1/2" to 4". Simplex Pipe Insulation was available only with 3 or 4 plies of felt per inch and 3* lengths for pipe sizes 1/2" to 8" in diameter. Duplex Wool Felt Pipe Insulation had a white covering. It was furnished in 3' lengths and thicknesses from 1/2" to 2". Mineral Wool Cement was sold in powder form. #152 Cement was sold in powder form. This was a natural colored cement which dried to a very light gray shade. Amblerex No. 2 Cement was sold in powder form. K. P. Asbestos Floats were sold in powder form. Page 2 of 3 U. S. OtSTR'C COURT gASfeRN DufRlCT Of If/AS IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF TEXAS BEAUMONT DIVISION jBD7PUl ANDREW GRACEDEL VS FIBREBOARD CORPORATION ET AL Civil Action No. B-80-658-CA ORDER On this day came on to be considered Defendant Armstrong World Industries, Inc.'s Motion for Judgment Notwithstanding the Verdict of the jury in regard to one of its products submitted to the jury, to wit: LT Cork Covering, and it appearing to the Court that said Motion should be granted in that the jury's finding that LT Cork Covering was defectively designed and defectively marketed is against the great weight and preponderance of the evidence; it is therefore ORDERED that said defendant's Motion is granted and the verdict of the jury concerning defendant Armstrong World Industries, Inc.'s product LT Cork Covering is hereby set aside and held for naught, and said defendant shall not be liable to the plaintiff for any exposure to plaintiff, if any, from LT Cork Covering. SIGNED this c UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE Page 3 of 3 V v* . . t Attachment C LT Cork Covering was a pipe covering which consisted of precision-cut segments of cork board adhered to a backing of aluminum foil with an asbestos paper laminate. The asbestos paper was purchased from a supplier; therefore, the type or percentage of asbestos contained therein is not known. However, the entire outer covering of this product was only .016" thick and, therefore, represented an extremely small percentage of the entire product. Armaspray contained approximately 8% asbestos by weight, which was at various times amosite or chrysotile asbestos. 85% Magnesia Pipe Covering & Block and Cement contained approximately 10% asbestos. We have no knowledge as to the type. Hy-Temp Pipe Covering & Block and Cement contained approximately 13% ' asbestos. We have no knowledge as to the type. Armabestos Pipe Covering & Block contained approximately 50% amosite asbestos* Kamatt Pipe Covering contained amosite asbestos. We have no knowledge as to the percentage. Kaylo Pipe Covering & Blockcontained approximately 15% amosite and chrysotile asbestos. We have noknowledge as to the type or percentage of asbestos contained in Kaytherm Block. We have no knowledge as to the type or percentage of asbestos contained in Mani-Ply Insulation. We have no knowledge as to the type or percentage of asbestos contained in Bestfelt Pipe & Block & Sheet. Air Cell Insulations and Simplex Pipe Insulations consisted of layers of flat and Page 1 of 2 * Y' * i corrugated asbestos felt which was approximately 75% asbestos bonded together with a sodium silicate, in a special laminating process. We have no knowledge as to the type of asbestos. Duplex Wool Felt Pipe Insulation was composed of creped felt, waterproof felt binder, and a caavas jacket in addition to asbestos paper. We have no knowledge as to the type or percen tage of asbestos. We have no knowledge as to the type or percentage of asbestos in Mineral Wool Cement. We have no knowledge as to the type or percentage of asbestos in #152 Asbestos Cement. We have no knowledge as to the type or percentage of asbestos in Amblerex No. 2 Cement. K. P. Asbestos Floats were asbestos; however, we have no knowledge as to the type of asbestos. Page 2 of 2 1 LT Cork Covering was used to insulate pipes and fittings with tem peratures ranging from -120F to 200F. Armaspray was used to insulate large, irregular surfaces such as tanks and vessels with temperatures up to 1600F. 85% Magnesia Pipe Covering & Block and Cement were used to insulate pipes and surfaces with temperatures up to 600F. Hy-Temp Pipe Covering & Block and Cement were used to insulate heat lines and surfaces with temperatures ranging from 600F to 1900F. Armabestos Pipe Covering & Block was used to insulate pipes with tem peratures up to 750F or 1200F, or surfaces up to 1200F. Kamatt Pipe Covering was used to insulate pipes with temperatures up to 750F. Kaylo Pipe Covering & Block was used to insulate pipes and surfaces with temperatures up to 1200dF. Kaylo-20 could be used on temperatures up to 1800F. Calcium Silicate Pipe Covering was used as an inner layer material in combination with 85% Magnesia Pipe Covering for temperatures ranging from 600F to 1200F. Kaytherm Block was used to insulate surfaces with temperatures up to 1500F. Mani-Ply Insulations were used to insulate pipes with temperatures up to 500F. Bestfelt Pipe & Block & Sheet was used to insulate temperatures up to 700F. The pipe covering was used on lines subject to vibrations. Air Cell Insulations were used on lines or surfaces with temperatures up to 300F. Simplex Pipe Insulations were used to insulate lines with tem peratures up to 300F where a water-repellant surface was needed. Duplex Page 1 of 2 Wool Felt Pipe Insulation was used to insulate hot or cold water lines 40 to 210F. Mineral Wool Cement was used for plastic insulation on irregular sur faces up to 1800F. #152 Asbestos Cement was a general utility cement which could also be used as an insulating cement on surfaces with tera^ peratures up to 1000F. Amblerex No. 2 Cement was used for insulation on surfaces with temperatures up to 1000F. K. P. Asbestos Floats were used to give a dense, tough, hard quality to the final asphalt plastic finish on walls of low temperature rooms. Page 2 of 2 Attachment To this Defendant's knowledge, all pipe covering, block and sheet was packaged in cartons; and cements and K. P. Asbestos Floats were packaged in bags. LT Cork Covering was packaged in cardboard cartons. The corporate name and address were printed on the cartons, with our trademark which con sisted of the word "Armstrong" with the letter "A" centered in a colored disc. Armaspray was packaged in 50 lb. kraft paper bags on which Armstrong Contracting & Supply Corporation, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, was printed. Armabestos was packaged in cartons with Armstrong's trademark and label in accordance with a rebranding agreement with Unarco. 85% Magnesia Pipe Covering, manufactured by Ehret Magnesia Manufacturing Company, was sold under the Armstrong trade name in 1957. The balance of the products identified in Attachment A were labeled by their manufacturer with the exception of Kaylo which was labeled by its seller, Owens-Coming Fiberglas Company. Page 1 of 1 Attachment F X. WARNINGS & CAUTIONS TO ARMSTRONG FROM SUPPLIERS COMPANY PRODUCTS SUPPLIED WARNINGS & CAUTIONS DOBECKMUN CO. Asbestos Paper Laminate for LT Cork Covering None LAKE ASBESTOS CO. Asbestos for Armaspray None NORTH AMERICAN ASBESTOS CO. Asbestos for Armaspray None KEASBEY & MATTISON CO. High Temperature Insulation None BALDWIN-HILL CO. High Temperature Insulation None EHRET MAGNESIA MANUFACTURING CO. High Temperature Insulation None OWENS-ILLINOIS GLASS CO./OWENS-CORNING FIBERGLAS CO. High Temperature Insulation None UNARCO High Temperature Insulation None II. WARNINGS & CAUTIONS REGARDING ARMSTRONG PRODUCTS A. Armaspray 1* Users Armstrong Contracting and Supply Corporation was the sole purchaser of Armaspray. In its Construction Manual, it published safety precautions to be followed in all applica tions of Armaspray. The Construction Manual was used in training and in actual application, and was in use during the entire period of Armaspray application. Only employees so trained applied the product. For applications of Armaspray with the A-200 spray equipment, the safety precaution read: Always wear a U.S.-approved respirator when spraying. If tamping in the vicinity of the actual spray operation, the tamper should also wear a respirator. For applications of Armaspray with the Armaspray Junior spray equipment, the safety precaution read: Page 1 of 3 7.1.4 The circular saw used for cutting the legs is always a possible hazard. . 7.2 Means Used to Safeguard 7.2.1 There is a no smoking rule, except for cer tain small specified areas, throughout the plant. The spray booth used for this opera ' tion is built of fire resistant materials. 7.2.2 The spray booth is equipped with a 3 foot diameter ventilating fan to remove the adhe sive fumes. This fan must be used when LT Cork Covering is being made and during clean-up operations. 7.2.3 All persons using the Toluol clean-up solvent must wear rubber gauntlet gloves. 7.2.4 The Oliver and railway saws are equipped with a guard for the exposed blade. The saw operator is provided with a wooden ram for pushing the various places of corkboard past the saw blade. 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IM M M Ml u 4J 3 *3 MCl M u <y . 3 c M y eu X e 05 X 05 r*. m . o 2 e o M mi Ml Ml r-. M hi M UE E 3O v X h *3 mi C M Um w e H3 enu X X 05 Xin < TCO 05 2 ^4 a Ml w e MMe33 WMMll So M B0 Em of or CCo. onf i 05 41 U 5s 4 2.32 a E ws " a h E a. 0 Shi E Eu im 05 M c o x c o 0S~ a *3 M *3 E a 0 *hs4i e We M 05 Us c V*0 c a v s e IM eo S MO. 03> 0e) ew 05 u-i ! JJ bc p 0 <iwi b Mo iJ 05 < U 5 0 4J , 2 pufc M c 3 00 c B 2< u f* n CM Q u >-5 r- CO e e X 0 o M M M b w a. *s 3 *3 *4 u c c 3 CD U u <o A *3 3 Xa Mb. e C cu u M B 05 n >> u CO * M0 w hi an. c u 4 3 M c Me 3 MM 3 CD U <(J b 3 e 3 H 3 cC X b. jj D- u e 05 in 0. Me CJ u oo cH M3 M 45 hh<i a c 03 U < Cm 3 a h *3 *3 s pN u C S3 X Uc 4J e 05 m hi OO hi M3 tt < vCH MH m 0 3 3 X X e M a2 00 2 CM 0 m o co M0c 4tJt bM e e 3 M u H Ml y M X IW CO o OS cc C\ nD CM m CO O mm ** v> CO r. f--l 6/19/59 -- T h o r s te d , Roy ' , << X 5s > ceo x lM C s) 3 05 e u X c 5s CO *3 fM. s M MM e ^ m4 05 *, .> -5 < . e< XM o 0. u u c3 H C uX 0 Oe n. w cn u >M X CM os h. u 05 . .< X l_i 05 3 X O hi i-i u b. hi K c Ml .3 y 3 c c Ml b. ^M u XC w cn 05 hi 05 hi o < Xn 0 . c< 5 M mo o i_i u u -5 mM u c 00 u n. E u 3 tt hi o y l c rehi m 05 3 J 05 S_rl < < .M Ml 4J M 05 e Xc 5s Ml Xc c2 0 in m e. m E CM O H o 60 be b b bo o w b onB O. a e <0 b b< o 9 0) a b e a b a ic a 3o bc aX be tn =- b i bB a b a. e o Qz 9 w ab o eo P* b sD c CO b PM a o b 60 eb s> xa o b x o z a. a. y 3CO *0 3 ^4 9 s C 0 O' b b *n < CD CD e> e 9 lb tfi> *4 a. 60 9 b g o b Bc >g o u. 0Q0 u a3z 0o Z uz e 0 b bm m A b a \D bb 4-1 Eg X eo 3 5b 9 O e Cb >--i 4J CO e CD . <*rf 9 m b y to y O <z >> uOo Pb BO a. b *9 e a. We sV ws o W CA <u ou eo *ue eo 0^0" be<Qo Na ta* wees b Cl b 0 tw to b (OJ> C0 U6 C0 05ii Qs.a*9t e b oo *eb @o uso >> b c bb 9 b b CO <0 <b b X bn a Xi O' H b C3 b c 60 za 9 C B b< b 3m b U b O 3Q 60 b0 a. b be g p4 S 9 -H y b bre <a-< b 60 V ez 0 ! PK sD b <*S*. pn | i O' tn *<Kneo X V G bb X u H e b b b< b X CO u y fib 9 X 9 b 9 9 o C X b b 0- b b n X B o CO o o O' *m** \> **>ao o< oo 3 X* e a 9 X0 oo o b3 C pi m X .3B b p*i vO Qb *< Sk f- o P- m < X > Xb 9 b S !k 3 OO b CO Xe mb eo b bm a b > 0 bu to n b bX O bbe 3 XH b o bu B ? 60 c * b n b n to c b PC Page 9 o f O' Armstrong Cork Company Librarians Years 1928 1943 1945 1946-47 1949 1933-62 1962-80 1980 - present Librarian Miss Quigley (current address and telephone number unknown) No current position * Betty Huber Cromwell (current address and telephone number unknown) No current position Kathleen Shenk (current address and telephone number unknow. No current position Sara Montgomery Long (current address and telephone number unknown) No current position Elsie Kirkgessner (current address and telephone number unknow) No current position Fred Daum (exact dates as librarian not known) (Current address and telephone number unknown) No current position Marianne Ditzler (Armstrong Cork Company, Liberty and Charlotte Streets, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17604; telephone 717/397-0611) Jean Immel (Armstrong World Industries, Inc., Liberty and Charlotte Streets, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17604; telephone 717/397-0611) V* .. . .-^ Js`-Z*i>ik,Si *< > ;5- " - -rr.Av , - ` a product of $*> ` ^ Z^p^earch l vV ' S CORRK: SCVO*V*EkR3I1 NG -?' for all low-temperature lines '4 ...for fast, low-cost application plus the proved performance of cork CORK COVER IMG ' ^ Ut LT-Thirty Cork Covering LT-Zero Cork Covering LT-Minus Thirty Cork Covering Armstrong LT Cork Covering is a new type of pipe insulation, developed by Armstrong Research for use on all low-temperature lines. It gives you the high insulating value, rigid strength, and long life of molded type cork covering, yet can be bought and installed at much lower cost. MADE OF HIGH-QUALITY CORK--LT Covering is made from precision-cut segments of Armstrong Corkboard, having a thermal conductivity of .26 Btu per square foot per hour per degree tempera ture difference per inch thickness at 60 F. mean temperature. Segments are adhered to a backing of asbestos paper and aluminum foil laminate. FIRE- AND VAPOR-RESISTANT--The asbestos paper provides a highly fire-resistant finish and the aluminum foil seals out moisture vapor. A THICKNESS FOR EVERY CONDITION--LT Cov ering is made in thicknesses calculated to prevent condensation when used indoors under normal de sign conditions and within recommended tempera ture ranges. On outdoor lines, under severe service 'conditions, additional thicknesses may be necessary. LT-Thirty*--Made in .8" thickness, for use on lines operating at 30 F. or higher. LT-Zero*--Made in IW* thickness, for use on lines operating at temperatures as low as 0 F. LT-MInus Thirty*--Made in Wz" thickness for pipes through 1 Vi" IPS, 2" thickness for pipes to 8" IPS, and 2%" thickness for larger pipe sizes. For use on lines operating at temperatures as low as 30 below zero. All three types are made in 36" lengths and will fit accurately all sizes of iron pipe or copper tubing from Va" up. For temperatures below minus 30, LT Cork Covering will be made in Minus Sixty, Minus Ninety, and Minus One-Hundred-Twenty Thick nesses on order. APPLICATION IS FAST AND EASY--Armstrong LT Covering is manufactured with a lap of the as bestos-aluminum paper backing at the longitudinal joint. In application to straight piping, the lap is sealed in place with Armstrong 520 Adhesive, and *T*AOC-MAMK the end joints are sealed with Armstrong LT Sealing Tape. As no wiring, pointing, or painting is needed, LT Covering goes on the piping with remarkable speed and ease. Fittings are insulated with pieces of LT Covering, fabricated right on the job, or with Armstrong Plasticork. Plasticork is a cork-and-rubber com position material that is molded by hand over the fitting. By using the proper size of LT Covering and making a few simple saw cuts, covers for any fitting can be fabricated easily and rapidly. Voids between fitting and fitting cover are filled with Armstrong Plasticork, and exposed ends are sealed with Arm strong LT Sealer and LT Sealing Tape for a vaportight installation. Field fabrication of fitting covers speeds the job. Workmen can insulate the entire line as they go, with no waits for factory shipments of fitting covers. VAPOR BARRIER UNBROKEN--As no nails or staples are needed to install LT Covering, the vapor seal formed by the paper backing is un broken. There are no punctures where infiltrating vapor can cause condensation or frost formation within the insulation. CAN BE REMOVED AND REUSED--When lines are relocated, or taken out of service, the asbestos-andaluminum paper can be cut and LT Covering sal vaged without damage to the cork. The covering can be applied again, using Armstrong LT Sealing Tape to hold it in place. SAVES STORAGE SPACE--Inventories of LT Cork Covering take up no more storage space than board-form material, as the insulation comes in fiat sheets rather than in curved sections. FOR A DE LUXE FINISH--For a durable, easy-tomaintain finish, or where color identification of the line is desired, Armstrong Insulcolor can be ap plied over the vaporproof paper backing on LT Covering. On outdoor installations, 4-oz. canvas must be applied over LT Sealing Tape at joints before finishing with Insulcolor. ( For complete in formation on Armstrong Insulcolor, call or write for free booklet.) SUNDRIES FOR APPLYING (Armstrong lt CORK COVERING Armstrong 520 Adhesive---This all-purpose adhe sive forms a strong, resilient bond between almost any clean, dry surfaces. The bond is an excellent vapor seal and grows stronger with time. Available in one-half pint, pint, quart, and gallon containers. Coverage is 25 to 30 lin. ft per pint Armstrong Plasticork--For use in packing the space between LT Fitting Covers and pipe fittings, and for hand molding fitting covers. This is a granulated corkand-rubber composition, supplied in sheets about one foot square and one-half inch thick. Packaged in card board cartons containing 5, 15, and 30 lbs. Armstrong LT Sealer--For use in sealing joints and ends of LT Fitting Covers. This white sealer is the con sistency of caulking compound. It is a vapor-barrier coating that meets the fire resistance requirements of U. S. Specification MIL-P-878A. Packaged in %-pint, pint, quart, 1- and 5-gallon containers. Armstrong LT Sealing Tape--Used to seal end joints of Armstrong LT Cork Covering. This is a vapor-barrier, pressure-sensitive adhesive tape. Supplied in rolls 2" wide, 3 and 36 yards long, white in color. Lineal Feet of IT Sealini Taps per lineal Foot of Catenae (Indnriifli Approximately a 2" Lap) PlM * Tuton* Sis* ir-TMrty IT-MIim Tfcirtv y/ .3 .4 .4 w .3 .4 .4 vy .3 .4 .4 V/ .3 .4 .4 r .4 .5 .5 iy/ .4 .5 .5 ivy .4 .5 .6 r .4 .6 .7 2vy .5 .6 .7 r .5 .7 .7 svy .6 .7 .8 4' .6 .7 .8 5' .7 .8 .9 6' .3 .9 1.0 r 1.0 1.1 1.2 ur 1.2 1.3 1.4 ir 1.4 1.5 1.6 14' 1.5 1.6 1.7 16' 1.6 1.8 1.9 18* 1.3 1.9 2.1 20* 2.0 2.1 2.2 ir 2.2 2.3 2.4 24' 2.3 2.4 2.6 APPLICATION OF (Armstrong lt CORK COVERING IS FAST AND EASY The speed with which insulation mechanics can ap ply Armstrong LT Cork Covering results in substantial time and labor savings, compared with conventional application methods. With LT Covering there are no wires or bands to apply, no sealers or seam fillers are required, and no cloth, twine, or paper must be wrapped around the insulation. Indoors, no further finishing is necessary, except where desired for decora tion or identification. Fitting covers are fabricated on the job from sections of LT Covering or can be built up with Armstrong Plasticork. A brief description of fitting cover fabrica tion methods is contained on Pages 6 and T. Com plete details are available in a booklet entitled. "General Instructions for Fabrication of Fitting Covers of Arm strong LT Cork Covering," which is available from Armstrong on request. Data on application of Plasticork fitting covers is contained on Pages 10 and 11. H The surfaces of the backing paper that come in j contact with each other are coated with Arm- strong 520 Adhesive. In this picture, the adhesive has been applied to the underside of the longitudinal Hap, and the workman is coating the area of the as bestos paper that will be covered by the flap. After the 520 Adhesive has dried to the touch, 2 Armstrong LT Covering is positioned on the pipe with the flap downward. When the covering is in place, the cork segments fit together without gaps or voids. No adhesive need be applied to them. 3 With the covering held firmly in place, die flap is sealed down by the workman running his thumb along the paper at the longitudinal joint. The rest of the flap is then sealed in place. Waterproof adhesive and vapor-barrier paper form a moistureimpervious outer wrap. After the seams and cork segments have been 4 aligned, end joints are sealed simply by wrapping them with Armstrong LT Sealing Tape. This vaporproof tape completes the vapor-barrier and pro vides a neat looking joint between lengths of Aim'trong LT Cork Covering. Cutting of short lengths, when required, should 5 be done with a miter box or with a mechanical saw. End joints must be square cut for snug fit so that there is no danger of condensation and frost for mation at those points. Both the cork segments and the paper cut cleanly. FABRICATION OF 909 AND 45* ELL COVERS ON-THE-JOB FABRICATION OF FITTING COVERS SPEEDS APPLICATION of (Armstrong LT CORK COVERING Fitting covers for LT Cork Covering installations are fabricated on the job. Lengths of LT Covering of a size that will encircle the fitting at its point of maximum diameter are used. By making a few simple cuts with a saw and miter box, any fitting can be easily and quickly insulated. Except for screwed fittings, space between the fitting and the cover is packed with Arm strong Plasticork, eliminating voids and increasing the efficiency of the installation. Armstrong LT Sealer is applied to the exposed ends of the LT Cork Covering and joints in the fitting cover are cemented with Arm strong 520 Adhesive for a completely vaporproof in stallation. , Field fabrication does away with the delay caused when covers for special fittings must be made up at the factory and shipped to the job site. In all cases, regardless of the fitting encountered, it can be insu lated along with straight piping as the job progresses. ASSEMBLED PITTING FOR 90* ELL ASSEMBLED PITTING FOR 45* ELL FABRICATION OF TEI AND VALVE COVERS 45* MITER CUTS---------1 PIECES CUT--READY FOR ASSEMBLY 4 \ ASSEMBLED TEE OR VALVE COVER FABRICATION OF CROSSES ------ *5a MITER CUTS 2 PIECES CUT-READY FOR ASSEMBLY (4 PIECES REQUIRED) ------ \ 7------- l ASSEMBLE / cross COVER FABRICATION OF LATERAL Y COVER Cross Sections of Typical Fabricated Fitting Covers for Screwed Fittings LT-THIRTY SLEEVE V/////////X LT-THIRTY ON PIPS RUN SEALER Without collar--When LT-Thirty Covering is used on the pipe run, no collars are required. Void be tween fitting and fitting cover need not be filled with Plasticork. ASSEMBLED FITTING FOR LATERAL Y With collar--When LT*Zero or LT-Minus Thirty Coverings are used on pipe run, collars of LTThirty Covering are applied as shown in the draw, ing above. Space between fitting and fitting cover is filled with Armstrong Plasticork. 4 LINEAL FEET OF LT CORK COVERING AND QUANTITIES OF SUNDRY MATERIALS REQUIRED FOR FITTING COVERS Notes: j Where two lengths are shown in the same column, use figure printed in black for standard fittings (125 lb,--150 lb.). Use figure printed in color for extra heaw and ammonia fittings (2501b.--3001b.). ' 2 Armstrong 520 Adhesive quantities--estimate 1 pt. for each 25 lineal feet of pipe run. Count each fitting or valve as 1/6" of piping. 2 LT Sealing Tape required per lineal foot of LT Cork Covering is shown on table on Page 4. ^ Tables on these pages are for estimating quantities only. For fabrication details and dimensions, see booklet, "General Instructions for Fabrication of Fitting Covers from Armstrong LT Cork Covering." J On all valve bonnets, reinforce LT Sealer with white glass fabric, muslin or scrim cloth. SCREWED FITTING AND VALVE COVERS- LINEAL fin OF COVERING REQUIRED PER FITTING OR VALVE Pin SIZE HfKfftMl tern Cmw < I**'4 IlMMli <0* ms IT.TMffy LT.Zot lt-mikm TVrty _% v H HH i'/t t i .3 .5 .3 6 .3 .3 % y iy i 1% 1% 3 Vi .6 .6 .0 7 .6 .6 .6 iVi 1* -- 1 v/t 1% 3 ay 3H *Vt 3 3* 4Vi 4 sy. 6V .7 .7 .7 t.O 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 ; i 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 ] 4 3-- 6-- t_ 10 -- 11 -- 6 l`/t t to 11 14 1.0 ! .5 1.3 1.3 1J 3.0 3.0 1.5 j i.5 : 1.5 ; 3.0 ; 3* i 3.0 | NOTt: Weld and Sweat Fitting Covert---Fabricate covers from same size covering as used on pipe runs. Tees and Crosses in all pipe sizes require no Plasticork. FLANGED FITTING AND VALVE COVERS-- UNIAL FEET OF COVERING REQUIRED PER FITTING OR VALVE Si-- C 1pm t--'4 e* iu IU IOMS tAOKIS IU Til M VMVI aou nouCTt namml I ir.n*fr IT.Zm IT Ml-- TUff. IT.TMrt* ITZm IT Ml-- rw**? IT.TMrty | IT.Zm iTmw-- nmu IT.TMmt ir.Zm ITiMln TMHT ir.TMMvr IT-tm. ir.Tw*, IT-Im UmaiMw* fkirtr 1* 4 5H 1.0i.5jl.5 1*A* sv, S 1.0 1 511.3 IV 5V* 6>/ 1.5 1.5 1J 1.5 IJ 1.5 1.5 1.5 3.0 .7 t.O jl.O 1.01.5 1.5 1.7 1.7 2.3 2.3 1J 1.5 3.0 .7 1.0 11.0 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.7 2.3 2.3 1J 1.5 3.0 3.0 .7 i.o ll.O 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.7 2.3 w o r> nO 2.0 2,4i2.4 3 0 i3.0 1.0 2.4j 2.4 3.0 j 3.0 1.4 1.0 1.0 i 5 1.0 1.0 1 5 | 1.0 1.0 i 5 ' r 6V* 6 1.5 tw v tv. 1.5 r IVij 1.3 1.3 3.0 1.5 3.0 1.3 3.0 1.5 3.0 1.5 3.0 3.0 1.5 3.013.0 i 3.0 3.0 3W 4' 10 r 10 10 10 10 1.5 3.0 1.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 1.0 koi.S 1.5 1.0 1.5 (l-S 1.5 i 1.7 2.3 11.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 3.0 1.4 3.0 3.0 ll.O a 0 ,.o 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 U.0 1.0 1.0 i 1.5 1.01.5 jl.5 1.5 1.3 1.3 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.014.0 1.0 1.5 ! 1.0 i.S [l.5 1.5 !l.5 1.5 |l.5 1.5 1.3 3.0 3.0 ta 2.0 3.0 3.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.5 ow . o i 4.0 |4.0 1.0 1.5 1.5 4.0 4.0 4.0 1.5 1.5 4.0 4.0 14.0 6.0 1.5 jl.S 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.3 : 1.5 1 1.5 1 V 10 11 3.0 3.0 3.0 r 14 16 3.0 3.0 3.0 10' 16 It 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 T.O 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0 1.5 jl.Sl.O 2.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.5 4.5 1.5 2.0 1.0 E3.0 3.0 i 5 4.5 4.5 1.0 3.0 il.O 3.0 3.0 4.5 4.5 4.S ; 4.0 4.0 6.016.0 |4.0 6 0|6.0 6.0 6.0 ;6.0 [6.0 | 1.5 ]1.S 7 : 1.5 2.0 i.s:: 2.0 1.0 i 2.0 1 2.0 ; i r SO 14 14* 14 14 16* 34 -- 3.0 1.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 4 n 4.0 3.0 4 ; 4.0 4.0 !I 4.0 4.0 4 5 j 4.0 4 S 1 S.0 3.0 |3.0 3.0 4.5 4.0 4 514.5 5.0 3.0 |3.0 1.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 3.0 |3.0 3.0 4.5 4.5 4.5 6.0 6.0 6.0 j '6.0 * : 4.5 0 4.5 6.0 6.0 4.5 6.0 6.0 6.0 j6.0 7 0,6.0 7 0|7.0 j6.0 7 0'7.0 17.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 j j 1-0 7 ! 1.5 2.0 1 2.5 2.5 ; STANDARD, EXTRA HEAVY AND AMMONIA AS* uu tT-S*** Ttat? .5 .3 .3 .3 .3 .5 rtl 01 YAlVl ClOiJ lT.2*r* *' 7 .7 .7 .7 .7 3 .7 .8 ir.a<* 1.0 1.0 1.01.1 Tfcwty 1.0 1.0 1.01.1 S* UTIIM WY1 ir.TWftv iT.MInw* DH<ty UNION IT-TMffy IMm .3 .3 -- -- .3 .5 10 2.0 .5 .3 .3 .6 .3 -6 .8 .9 .8 ? 1.1 12 1.1 1.2 10 10 .6 .4 .6 .6 .0 .9 1.2 1.2 10 3.0 .4 .4 .6 .4 .91.0 .91.0 1.21-4 1.21-4 10 3.0 .4 .4 SUNDRIES suNotus--<T-rxitrr, tT.ZftO A U-KINUS THitrr WmtNart (A* F1ll*l^ta. for Ft*. m 'iotoo Ill* U*lOT* rt-vi.n-ri Ctmt in am. vsi* All NMn** at Vaivm .1 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .3 .3 .3 .02 .02 .02 .2 .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .4 .4 J .5 J .4 .02 .02 .02 .6 .6 .7 .7 .7 .71-0 1.0 1.0 1.01.2 1.11.3 1.3 1.3 1.31.3 1.4 1.41.3 1.3 1.3 1.8 10 10 3.0 2.0 3.0 10 3.0 .4 .4 .7 .4 .4 .7 .4 .3 .4 .3 .3 .4 .4 .9 .8 1.0 .9 1.0 .02 ' .02 .03 .7 .7 .71.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.31.3 1.3 1.3 1.8 1.8 1.3 10 1.8 2.0 14 10 14 10 3.0 .7 .7 .7 .7 3.0 3.0 .7 .7 1.0 .3 10-- -- -- -- .8 1.0 1.0 1.31.3 1.8 10 2.4 14 3.0 3.0 10 .9 1.0 1J 1.3 13 14 3.0 -- -- -- -- 4.0 1.2 1.0 1.3 13 13 14 3.0 3.0 4.0 -- -- -- -- 4.0 1.3 1.0 1J 1.3 10 13 3.0 4.0 4.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 .03 .03 .03 .04 | .04 i .03 : 1J 1.3 13 3.0 3.0 3.0 4.0 IJ 1.3 3.0 . 3.0 4.0 4.0 1.5 1J 3.0 4J 4.0 4.0 ... 14.0 10 -- -- -- -- 23.0 13 -- --- -- -- 37.0 3.0 23.0 39.0 55.0 27.0 48.0 48.0 .06 08 .10 * Cation tn nquiead far uwW jfltiaf* tod aotm omit. Tim t)wm> wad tor TV** OT Aotot*FHot j M*Mot*4 ham IT.lfcMr IT-Z*ot ! Lf.TWfr C*n. | IT.TWn* Cot*. IT wii-- fMrrr 1 IT.I*ot ** 4ww<Pttxieor* mat roqumod tor LT-TXnt fiitmt Cooort, j | 1 i I ttt., tod nwmOaa tad Itaath ot rtiiwt loUowt Iot*M at IMMnv CaUm fl IJWIOT* N*. IiottOT Mm r im T* IM Not* a a 1 Not* 1 1 1 &8M ' Hot* '* .4 1 1 1 ! 1 ; i -STANDARD, EXTRA HEAVY AND AMMONIA KAMOS AS* lATVtAl WY1 Ttus wn ir.no*r ir.z** ITMtam TUrrt iT.nuMv IT.Zm* IT HUWOT tmott iT.*-r u-z*>* 4TTMau*fvot in* .4 .8 10 10 3.0 3.0 .4 .4 .8 10 103.0 10 .4 .4 .8 10 3.0 3.0 3.0 1.3 1.3 1.8 10 1.3 1.8 13 17 1J 1.8 13 10 SUNDRIES WAITICOM--lit HI FITTING Ot VAiVt If.TIHc** VTZ*ot IT HI** rhM* r*-v***.r* <nm Imm 3.5 3.5 4.0 5.0 4.0 5.0 3.0 10 4.0 UAUI-AAl. Fit FITTINO 01 VAIYI if*7Vrw VT*2*f rM<*v F.OTOT All FWtMOT at V*Iot* 10 .03 13 .04 15 .04 .4 .5 .6 .8 3.0 3.0 3.0 1.3 1.8 13 4.0 .4 .5 .6 .3 .81-0 3.0 3.0 106.0 1.3 13 13 7.3 .4 .5 .4 .8 .81.0 3.0 3.06.0 3.06.0 1.8 13 3.0 7.5 5.0 11.0 11.0 .5 .3 .5 .4 .4 .3 .3 .3 .31-0 1.0 1.0 3.06.0 3.06.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 4.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 13 13 3.0 9.0 13 3.0 3.0 17.0 13 3.0 3.0 17.0 13.0 26.0 26.0 .5 6 .8 1.0 6.0 4.0 4.0 .5 6 .8 1.0 6.0 4.0 6.0 .5 6 .8 1.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 3.0 3.0 10 17.5 3.0 3.0 4.5 34.0 3.0 4.5 4.5 55.0 26.0 50.0 65.0 .5 .6 .8 1.0 6.0 6*0 7 0 6.0 7.0 4.S 4.5 4.5 68.0 80.0 .5 .6 .8 1.0 6.0 70 6.68.0 7.0 8.0 4.5 4.5 4.5 74.0 90.0 .6 .8 1.0 7.0 7.0 8.0 4.5 4.5 4.5 35.0 100.0 7.5 5.2 4.0 15.0 6.0 4.3 16.0 7.0 5.0 17.0 34.0 34.0 32.0 43.0 7.5 9.0 10.0 5.3 6.0 7.0 40.0 51.0 12.0 68.0 15.0 75.0 70.0 18.0 9.0 11.0 110 80.0 90.0 103.0 107 0 ?1 < 0 : 3a .C 21.0 22.0 2" / 25.0 :: : 15.0 16.0 18.0 .05 .07 1 .07 i .08 I .1 1 1 i .15 i .15 | is i 1 ! * i 2 I ! APPLICATION OF (Armstrong PLASTICORK TO FITTINGS Insulation of cold line fittings is rapid and eco nomical with Armstrong Plasticork. The fit ting first is primed with a brush coat of Arm strong 520 Adhesive. Small pieces of Plasti cork are used to fill out hollows and form an even contour. Sheets of Plasticork then are built up to the desired thickness around the fitting and held in place with twine. For a de luxe finish, a Vcoat of Keenes Cement is trowelled smoothly over the Plasticork fol lowed by 2 coats of Armstrong Weatherproof Plastic or LT Sealer to provide a vapor, barrier. Other finishes include white industrial tape and LT Sealer, friction tape and Weather proof Plastic, or Armstrong LT Sealing Tape. This tape requires no further finish indoors. HOW TO DETERMINE PLASTICORX USAGE By using the data on these pages, you can determine the amount of Plasticork and sundries needed for insulation of all fittings. Insulation thicknesses are based on the `Table of Recommended Thicknesses" immediately be low. The three tables that follow indicate the number of pounds of Plasticork required to insulate cold line fittings on piping insulated with LT-Thirty, LT-Zero, and LTMinus Thirty Cork Covering. The areas shown in the three tables represent the num ber of square feet of Plasticork surface after the insula tion has been applied and should be used in estimating Keene's Cement, Weatherproof Plastic, and Friction Tape or LT Sealing Tape requirements. When estimating primer requirements, (Armstrong 520 Adhesive) use only 50% of the total area shown. In estimating sundry requirements, use the following coverage data: Keene's Cement: IYa, lbs. per sq. ft. (Yi" thick) Weatherproof Plastic: 45 sq. ft. per gal. (2 coats) 520^Adhesive (primer): 725 sq. ft per gal. Friction Tape or LT Sealing Tape: 1" width--for fittings through 2" IPS approx. 25 lin. ft per sq. ft, surface, or 3.1 sq. ft per 75-ft roll 2" width--for fittings through 6" IPS approx. 8 lin. ft per sq. ft. surface, or 9.4 sq. ft. per 75-ft. roll Note: for valves add 10% for tape flashing seal RECOMMENDED THICKNESSES of (Armstrong plasticork Nma'inai # Sis*. Indwt 1 nd under 2 3 4 6 8 10 12 IMMrty r V V V r r r V IT-Zm I3// I3// 1%' I3/*' IV/ IV/ IV/ i V/ IT-Miftvt THifty IV/ 2Vi* tw 2 Vi' w 2V/ 23/ 2V/ NOTE: on lines operating at temperatures below minus 30. use 4eVIP. WHO l 5WIAT HTTtNGI ! eitv--90* l 4S* Union* rm i i' 1i I - 5 ?2 a e9 =E I - !5 60 aE iBM<M " 5 3 < -0 ?2 9e v9S* 3 si tA3 -Ma% <*S * a < 3 1 * Ewi4i Sq. H. Pound* s. h. ?1 ae =a 1g -< <* * Pound* 9 1 * 2 5 l4 .1 .1 .1 6 .1 .1 .1 .7 .3 .3 .2 H .1 .2 .1 .6 .2 .2 .1 .7 .3 .4 .3 V .2 .3 .2 .6 .3 .3 .2 .7 .4 .5 .3 .3 .4 .3 .3 .4 .5 .3 .3 .5 .7 .4 1 .4 .4 .3 .3 .3 .6 .4 .9 .3 1.0 .6 i>/4 .5 .5 .4 .3 .6 .7 .5 1.0 .9 1.2 .7 .5 .6 .4 1.0 .7 .8 .5 1.2 1.0 1.3 .3 2 .7 .8 .5 1.2 .9 1.0 .7 1.4 1.4 1.9 1.1 SV4 .9 1.0 3 1.2 1.3 .7 1.6 1.2 1.3 .9 1.8 1.9 2.4 1.5 .3 2.0 1.5 1.7 1.1 2.3 2.5 3.2 1.9 3% 1.6 1.9 1.0 2.2 2.1 2.4 1.6 2.5 3.3 4.7 2.8 4 1.9 2.2 1.3 2.6 2.5 2.9 1.9 2.6 5.0 6.5 3.3 5 2.5 2.9 1.7 3.2 3.4 3.9 2.5 3.2 9.3 12.2 7.3 6 3.0 3.5 2.0 3.9 4.0 4.6 3.0 3.9 13.3 16.5 10.0 8 10 12 !I!|--*0 4 4S* flAWGIO MT7INGS T 4 Valve* flense* a < 3 69A S 9i Ss 96 z < .* ` a < s<. Ft. Pound* s. ft. 3 2 ae 5 x1 1 |< i <u < Powidt ; 2 a s 9 5 ;1 '* *a i - < . ;j Pound* 9 < s. Ft. .9 .3 .9 t 1.5 .3 1.0 2.3 .3 .9 1.0 1.2 1.5 .9 1.3 1.5 : 1.5 1.0 1.2 , 2.3 .4 1.0 ' 1.3 2.3 ;i .4 1.0 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.5 2.0 : 2.4 .5 1.3 2.0 2.3 1.9 2.6 3.3 2.7 .8 1.4 2.5 2.9 2.1 3.5 4.4. 2.9 .9 1.3 3.0 3.5 2.3 4.0 5.0' 3.2 ! TTo 2.7 3.3 3.3 2.3 5.0 6.3 1 3.3 : 1.3 3.1 3.3 4.3 3.71 6.0 7.5 : 4.8 1.5 4.0 4.5 5.2 4.3 7.5 9.41 5.1 j 1.3 4.6 5.0 5.3 4.4 3.5 10.7! 5.7 1.9 5.6 5.8 6.6 5.0 9.8 12.2! 6.5 2.1 7.0 7.5 8.6 9.4 11.5 14.5! 8.1 2.5 8.6 9.0 10.5 10.6 14.0 17.5 i 9.0 2.9 12.0 14.0 14.0 18.5 23.0 '10.3 3.8 15.8 3 3.0 19.0 22.5 28.0 ill.9 4.3 19.0 22.0 24.0 27.5 34.5 il 5.3 5.0 .3 : 1-2 .4 1.2 .5 1.2 .6 j 1.3 .9 ! 1.3 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.3 2.5 2.1 2.6 2.2 3.0 2.4 3.1 2.9 3.2 3.4 3.4 4.3 4.2 4.9 5.7 5.3 7.0 TH Vi % V4 % 1 i>4 1*4 2 2*4 3 3 *4 4 5 6 3 10 IS .2 .2 .1 .2 .3 .2 .4 .5 .3 .6 .7 .5 .3 .8 .6 .9 1.0 .7 1.0 1.1 8 1.4 1.6 1.0 1.7 2.0 1.3 2.3 2.6 1.5 3.2 3.7 2.0 3.8 4.4 2.5 5.0 5.3 3.3 6.0 7.0 3.9 .7 .2 .7 .3 .7 .3 .3 .8 .3 1.0 .9 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.7 2.3 2.2 3.0 2.4 4.2 2.9 5.0 3.6 6.7 4.3 3.0 .2 .2 .3 .5 .6 .4 1.0 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.5 2.0 2.5 .5 .6 1.3 .4 .2 .8 .6 .3 .5 1.0 2.0 2.3 1.7 2.0 2.3 i 2.5 .7 .8 1.3 .6 .4 .8 .8 1.0 .6 1.0 2.5 2.9 1.7 2.0 2.5 2.5 .3 .9 1.3 .9 .6 .9 1.0 1.3 .3 1.1 3.2 3.7 1.9 3.0 4.0! 2.7 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.2 .3 1.0 1.5 1.9 1.1 1.4 4.0 4.6 2.1 5.2 6.5; 3.0 1.5 1.7 1.4 1.4 .9 1.1 1.3 2.3 1.4 1.6 5.0 5.3 2.3 7.0 3.3 i 3.2 1.8 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.0 1.3 2.0 2.5 1.5 2.0 6.0 6.9 2.5 3.0 10.0! 3.5 , 2.0 2.3 1.6 2.0 1.3 1.6 2.3 3.5 2.1 3.0 6.5 7.5 3.1 10.0 ! 12.5 4.2 : 2.5 2.9 1.8 2.6 1.7 2.0 3.8 4.3 2.9 3.4 7.5 8.6 4.1 12.0 15.0 5.3 ' 3.0 3.5 2.3 3.4 2.2 2.6 5.0 6.3 3.3 4.4 9.0 10.3 4.3 15.0 ; 18.8 i 5.7 3.5 4.1 2.9 4.3 3.2 2.3 7.5 9.4 5.6 5.1 10.0 11.5 4.9 17.0 ; 21.3 6.3 : 3.3 4.4 3.3 5.3 3.3 2.9 10.0 13.0 7.5 6.2 11.5 13.2 5.6 19.5 ; 24.4- 7.2 4.2 4.3 3.4 7.7 5.0 3.6 19.5 24.4 14.6 7.8 15.0 17.2 10.4 23.0 29.0 9.0 j 5.0 5.3 3.6 9.2 6.0 4.3 26.5 33.0 19.9 9.5 13.0 21.0 11.3 23.0 ' 35.0.10.0 ! 5.3 6.7 3.3 24.0 28.0 '15.3 ! 37.0 ' 46.0 11.5 ! 7.5 3.6 4.7 31.5 36.0 21 .Oi 45.0 56.0 3.2 ! 3.5 9.8 : 6.3 j 1 33.0 44.0 27.01 55.0 : 69.0 17.0 ;10.0 11.5 : 7.8 j Va .2 2 1 * H .3 3 ; .2 Va .4 .4 ; .3 % .3 .9 i .6 1 1 Vi n4 2 2`/a V" 3'/a 1.1 1.3 1.7 2.3 2.3 3.4 4.5 1.3 i -3 1.5 ! i.o 2.0 ! 1.3 2.6 j 1.7 3.2 1 2.0 3.9 i 2.6 5.0 ! 3.4 * 5.8 6.7 4.4 5 3.2 9.4 6.2 6 10.0 11.5 7.5 3 10 4 .3 .3 .3 .2 .3 .4 .4 .3 .3 .5 .6 .4 1.0 1.0 1.2 .3 1.1 1.5 1.7 1.1 1.2 1.3 2.0 1.3 1.3 2.3 2.6 1.7 1.5 3.0 3.5 2.3 1.3 3.3 4.3 2.8 2.7 4.5 5.2 3.4 2.3 6.0 7.0 4.5 3.2 1 7.3 9.0 5.8 4.0 11.0 13.0 8.3 5.0 ' 13.5 16.0 10.0 .9 .8 1.0 .6 1.1 2.0 2.3 i 1.3 1.5 1.9 3.5 1 .5 .6 2.0 i .9 1.0 1.3 .3 1.1 3.0 3.5 1.3 2.5 3.1 3.5 : .3 .9 2.0 .9 1.5 1.9 1.1 1.2 4.0 4.6 1.9 4.0 5.0 3.5 ' 1.5 1.7 2.0 1.0 2.0 2.5 1.5 1.41 5.0 5.3 2.2 3.0 10.0 4.5 i 2.0 2.3 2.3 1.1 2.5 3.1 1.9 1.7 6.5 7.5 2.5 10.0 12.5 5.0 ! 2-5 2.9 2.5 1.3 3.0 3.8 2.3 2.1 3.0 9.2 3.0 11.5 14.4 5.5 1 3.0 3.5 3.3 1.5 3.5 4.4 2.6 2.6) 9.5 10.9 3.5 13.0 16.3 6.5 ; 3.5 4.0 3.6 1.3 4.5 5.6 3.4 4.0 1 12.0 13.8 4.0 13.0 22.5 7.0 4.5 5.2 3.3 2.3 6.0 7.5 4.5 4.3 14.0 16.0 4.5 22.0 27.5 9.0 5.5 6.3 4.0 ! 3.3 7.5 9.4 5.6 6.5 16.5 18.9 5.5 27.5 34.4 9.5 6.0 6.9 4.8 | 5.1 ! 5.5 10.5 13.0 7.9 7.5 19.0 22.0 6.0 31.5 39.4 10.0 : 7.0 8.0 4.0 14.0 h7.5 10.5 8.7 21.0 24.0 6.5 35.0 43.3 10.5 8.0 9.2 5.1 ! 5.0 25.0 31.0 13.3 10.0 25.0 28.7 7.5 !' 43.5 54.3 13.5 9.0 10.4 6.7 i 5.3 32.0 40.0 24.0 12.2 29.5 34.0 9.0 ji 52.0 65.0 14.5 11.0 12.7. 7.4 40.0 46.0 12.5 66.5 33.0 22.0 13.5 15.5 8.0 56.0 64.0 16.0 85.0 106.0 28.0 16.0 18.4 9.0 j ftA7 ft T7 ft 10 ! 1(10017^0 10 0 i A n ft 7 n n ! L mi: THI For further information on Armstrong Insulations, and for samples of these products, write Armstrong Cork Company, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, or get in touch with the Armstrong Office nearest you. Albany, N. Y. Atlanta, Ga. Baltimore, Md. Birmingham, Ala. Boston, Mass. Buffalo, N. Y. Charlotte, N. C. Chicago, III. Gncinnoti, Ohio Cleveland, Ohio Columbus, Ohio Dallas, Texas Denver, Colo. Detroit, Mich. Harrisburg, Pa. Hartford, Conn. Henderson, Ky. Houston, Texas Indianapolis, Ind. Jacksonville, Fla. Kansas Gty, Mo. - Los Angeles, Calif. . Louisville, Ky. Memphis, Tenn. Milwaukee, Wis. Minneapolis, Minn. Nashville, Tenn. New Orleans, Lo. New York, N. Y. Philadelphia, Pa. Pittsburgh, Po. Portland, Oregon Providence, R. I. Richmond, Vo. Rochester, N. Y. St. Louis, Mo. South San Francisco, Calif. Seattle, Wash. Spokane, Wash. Tulsa, Okla. Washington, D. C. Wilmington, Dei. Armstrong y <O * c Q MA V INSULATION DIVISION LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA ARMSTRONG'S INDUSTRIAL INSULATIONS ARMSTRONG CORK COMPANY LANCASTER PENNSYLVANIA 9/ 85% Magnesia Pipe Covering and Block e Armstrong Cork Company furnishes and installs the Soft Magnesia Pipe Covering and Block and other heat insulation products of the Keasbev and Mattison Company in most of the nation's leading industrial centers. 85% Magnesia insulation is the most widely used material in the beat insulation field for temperatures up to 600 F. This material com bines the high insulating properties of basic carbonate of magnesia with the proper amount of clean asbestos, fiber as a binding agent, resulting in an insulation that is exceptionally light and highly efficient. It consists of not less than 95% by weight of a mixture of hydrated basic carbon ate of magnesia and long fiber asbestos. The magnesia and asbestos mixture is homogeneous and not less than 85% of the total is hydrated basic carbonate of magnesia and not less than 107* is asbestos fiber. Through many years of dependable service, 85% Magnesia insulation has demonstrated that it is the most efficient and durable molded type heat insulation material manufactured today. In addition to its light weight and high insulating efficiency, it is absolutely fireproof and has the mechanical strength necessary to withstand all ordinary usage to which insulations of this type are subjected. Water has no deteriorating effect on 85% Magnesia. It can become completely water soaked, and when dried out regains its original strength and efficiency characteristics. When properly applied and maintained, it will not crack, crumble, or fail mechanically. 85% Magnesia is manufactured in sectional or seg mental forms for application to pipes, and in block form for fiat surfaces. 85% Magnesia Pipe Insulation 857 Magnesia pipe insulation is manufactured in half sections and in sets of segmental blocks 3 feet long, in the following thicknesses: Standard, iy>", 2" ' Double Standard (supplied in two layers) and Three Inch Thick (supplied in two layers) (See table, "85% Magnesia Insulation Thick nesses" on Page 111.) Half sections of pipe insulation arc split hori zontally and furnished with factory' applied can vas jackets, forming hinge and lap. They are shipped with necessary brass lacquered bands for proper application. Segmental blocks for in sulation of piping arc supplied without jackets. 120 Physical Characteristics of 85% Magnesia Pipe Insulation (All properties arc on the hone dry basis with the exception of Shipping Density) Shipping Density, !bs./cu. ft., average........... 13.3 ` plus or minus 10% Thermal Conductivity (k) BTU/hr./sq. ft./(F,/ in.), average Mean Temperature 100 F............................ 0.36 Mean Temperature 300 F............................ 0.42 Modulus of Rupture, psi., average................50.0 Heat Tests (6 hrs. at 500 F.) % linear shrinkage, average........................ 0.2 % loss in weight, average............................. 14.0 Minimum Thicknesses for 85% Magnesia Pipe Insulation Temperature in degrees F. Pressure in lbs. per sq. in. 1%* and smaller Pipe Sizes 2" to 4* 4K* and over Hoc Water and TJp to 267 26* to 337 338 to 3*7 388 to 499 500 to 600 0-25 26-100 101-200 Low Superheat Superheat Standard Standard Standard 1w 2" Standard Standard W 2' Double Standard Standard mm 2* Double Standard 3" Where the insulation is to be applied on weather - exposed sur faces or extremely long lines, or where it is highly desirable to mini mize steam condensa tion. increase thickness at least l/j" greater than those shown in table. 85% Magnesia Pipe Insulation Thicknesses Nominal Pipe Size Inches Standard Thickness Inches nr Thick Inches 2* Thick Inches Double Standard Thick 1st Course Inches 2nd Course Inches 3# Thick Broken Joint 1st Course Inches 2nd Course Inches X X X xX xX 2 jk 3 3,U 4 *K i 6 7 8 9 10 12 14 16 18 20 24 30 aH aH aH a Vi aX a US* a 1H* a lHa a 1X2 a IK am a xy% a XX a IK a lX a iX a IK ab iK b IK b lh b IK b i.K b i.K b IK a IK a IK a IK a IK a IK a IK a IK a IK a IK a IK a IK a IK a IK a IK a IK a IK a iK ab IK b iK b IK b iK b i.K b. IK b IK a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 ab 2 b. * b2 b2 b2 b2 b2 a Vt aX aX aH aX a a nI.Ku2 aX a XX a XX a IX a IK* am a XX am a IX a iX ab IK b IK b iK b iK b b 1iKii b IK . a IK a IKK a iK a IK* a IK a iK a iK a IK a IK a IK a IK a IK a iK a IK a IK b iK b IK b IK b IK b i.K b IK b lK b IK b iK a X H a IK IK a_ IK IK iK a IK XX a IK i?S a IK a IK a IK a iK a iK a IK ab iK b IK b i.K b i.K b IK b 1u b iK Scctiona and Segments (curved block) are thirty-six inches in length. ^--Furnished standard in tubular half sections. a^--Furnished standard in segments. Can be furnished in tubular half sections when speciiically ordered. ^--Furnished standard in segments. * These Sizes do not run exactly Three Inches of Thickness. a2 a2 a IK a i.K a 1*2 a IK a IK a IK a IK a IK a IK a iK a IK a IK b IK ab iK b i*4 b IK b IK b iK b IK b 1! , b 1 . b IK Ill Heat Losses from Bare Pipes and Efficiencies of S5yo Magnesia Pipe Insulation Nominal Insulation Pipe Site, Thickness, inches inches 1 Temperature difference between pipe and surrounding air, *F. SO* 100* ISO" 200" 250" 300" 3S0" 400 430* 500* Temperature of pipe, *F. (Temperature of surrounding air, 75* F.) 123" 17S* 22S" 27S" 325" 375" 423" 475" 325* 57J* Heat Losses per linear foot of bare pipe per hour and Efficiencies of insulation 1 0 Bare pipe loss, Bxu... i 33.6 74.0 123.8 183.4 ! 253.7 \ 337.4 1 436.5 ! 555.2 ' 690.6; 846.2 1'' 1i1 Std. Wt DM. StH. Efficiency %................ 59.59 " %..................... 7S.8S - %..................... 77.44 72.18 77.84 79.21 74.60 79.78 81.07 75,63 1 78.44 i 80.11 81.48 ! 82.99 1 84.37 82.68 . 84.10 85.39 81.77 1 83.28 : 84.58! 85.73 85.73 ' 86.96 8*02 ; 88.94 86.64 87.79 83.80 39.68 2 - %..................... 75.69 30.33 32.09 83.53 > 35.92 . 36.16 37-36 58.47 89.41; 90.24 3 ** .............. 52.00 33.39 34.88 86.18 ' 8743 8344 3943,90.28 ' 91.08: 92.68 1*4 0 Bare pipe lota, B.LU.... 48,7 107.2 179.3 265.4| 3674 { 487.0: 631.3 1 303.3! 999.7 I225.I Std. Wx DbL Std. 2 3 Efficiency %..................... 73.18 - %..................... 7948 " %..................... 80.74 - %..................... 81.91 - %..................... 84.97 75.25 81.01 82.31 83.35 36.23 77.33 82.67 83.88 84.84 33.44 j(i ii j 79.29 ' 80.88 - 82.36 83.80 ! 35.16 36451 87.46 34.16 185.46:86.59 87.75 88.75 39.69 90.46 35.28! 86,50' 87.57 88.63' 89.63 90.46; 91.13 86.14 , 87.29 86.30 89.33 90.23 91.02 : 91.74 83.57 1 89.51 < 9046 91.18 ' 91.94. 92.62) 93.17 3 m 0 Std. Wx 2 DbL Std. 3 0 Bare pipe loss, B.S.U.... 60.9 Efficiency %.................. .. 77.14 - %..................... 80.92 - %..................... 83.62 .......... 83.75 - %..................... 86.51 Bare pipe loss, B.tu.... 73.4 133.9 79.93 32.45 84.88 85.10 87.60 161.6 223.9 80.65 83.98 86.24 86.38 88.70 270.4 331.5 ;4S8.7! 6084 ! 789.2 1003.9-1243.6: 1530.1 1 | j jI * 3242 1 83.62 ` 84.38 86.12 - 37.261 83.46: 3943 8544 J 86.S3 -87.58 38.66 89.63' 90.44! 91.18 87.40 88.44 8948 90.28 91.09' 91.83 92.46 37.58 : 83.60 89.50 9049 91.18 91.931 9244 89.69; 90.55 9141 . 92.0S( 92.74 ( 9342; 93.86 |1 i| 4004 553.9 ! 734.5! 952.8tl2l2.i:iS11.6; 1852.4 Std. Wx 2 DbL Std. 3 Efficiency %.................... 78.23 - %..................... 82.23 - %..................... 84.71 44 %..................... 84.91 - %..................... 87.58 79.93 83.62 85.96 86.14 88.65 81.64 3S.03 87.17 87.33 89.65 83.17! 84.43! 85.64 * 86.85 87.94! 88.88 ' 39.73 86.27'88.40' 88.39 3948 ' 90.19 9l.06; 91.74 8849! 39.24, 90.10- 90.96! 91.72 92.39* 92.98 83.43 - 8948 , 90.20 ! 91.06 91.81' 92.48; 93.07 9045 ! 9144; 92.03 *92.72 , 9344 ! 93.37; 9445 l11 ;l 3 0 Bare pipe loss, Sxu.... 89.6 197.3 330.1 488.8) 6764 1 898.8! 1163.4 4480.011340.8: 2255.3 83.90 ! 85.19 ^ 8642' 87.46 1 88.481 894s! 90.19 Std. 1*4 3 DbL Std. 3 Efficiency %..................... 79.27 " %..................... 83.14 - %..................... 85.69 " %..................... 85.96 - %..................... SS.S9 80.92 84.S2 86.77 87.08 89.51 82.48 35.52 87.96 88.22 90.43 87.04 88.07 . 89.02 89.96 89.20,89.83 90.18' 91.49 89.23-90.00 90.83 91.66 91.27 91.941 92.62- 93.22 90.32 91.54; 9240 9141 92.86; 93.42 9245: 92.96: 93.52 93.79, 94.27; 94.52 VA 0 Bare pipe loss,"B.fcu.... 202.3 223.3 376.9 558.1 ! 772.2 1024.0'1328.4 1689.9'2101.8-2575.6 ----------- j----------- 1---------- 1------------!-----------r~ : Std. 1*4 2 DbL Std. 3 Efficiency %..................... - %..................... 83.84 - %..................... 86.28 " %:.................. 86.74 * %..................... 89.15 81.46 85.15 87.40 87.30 39.92 83.01 86.38 88.43 88.85 90.89 84.47 j 85.60 1 86.68. 87.34' 88.84 89.74 ' 90.54 87.53 88.53 89.46: 9044. 91.13 91.79. 92.48 89.47 : 9043 . 9U3 91.86- 9246' 93.17: 93.70 89.78 - 90.60 - 9146 ' 92.08 92.76' 9344 93.86 91.66- 92.26, 92.93; 9342 : 94.07 94.55 94.96 4 0 Bare pipe loss, B.t.u,... 115.1 253.3 424.2 627.9; 868.8 1152.1 1494.6 19014,'2364.S: 2897.9 Std. 1V4 2 DbL Std. 3 Efficiency %..................... 81.37 - %..................... 84.29 - %..................... 86.74 " %..................... 87.30 - %..................... 89.56 82.81 85.51 87.85 88.75 90.41 84.25 86.80 88.88 89.72 91.16 ,j! !; 85.55! 86.68 87.67: 88.671 89.63' 90.41; 91.13 87.89 88.87 89.74 90.62' 91.40- 92.07 92.70 89.34 . 90.70 ' 91.45 92.16 92.82 93.40 93.92 9045 9144 92.03 92.68 93.29 93.84 94.23 92.03 1 92.63 93.25 93.32 , 94.34 94.79 95.13 4Vi 0 Bare pipe loss, B.tu.... 127.9 251.5 470.9 6974 j 964.7 12794 16594 2111.1 2627.8 3220.1 Std. m 2 DbL Std. 3 Efficiency %................. 8t.9l " %..................... 84.68 " %..................... 87.12 14 %..................... 87.94 * %..................... 89.88 83.26 85.87 38.16 88.93 90.72 84.73 87.08 89.20 89.87 91.53 35.96 ! 87.08 - 88.03 8840,89.11 89.96 90.14 90.94 91.67 90.73 - 91.49 92.29 9246 92.89 93.47 89.05 90.82 9248 92.92 94.04 89.93 9149 93.02 93.4S 94.55 90.72. 91.4$ 92.27 92.86 9349 94.10 93.97 94.44 94.97 95.36 112 Physical Characteristics of 85r/c Magnesia Pipe Insolation (All properties are on the hone dry basis with the exception of Shipping Density) Shipping Density, ibs./cu. ft., average........... 13.3 '' plus or minus 1Oft Thermal Conductivity (k) BTU/hr./sq. ft./(F./ in.), average Mean Temperature 100 F........................... 0.36 Mean Temperature 30015 F........................... 0.42 Modulus of Rupture, psi., average................50.0 Heat Tests (6 hrs. at 500 F.) linear shrinkage, average........................ 0.2 Jc loss in weight, average............................. 14.0 Minimum Thicknesses for S5r/o Magnesia Pipe Insulation Temperature in degrees F. Pressure in lbs. per sq. in. ll/}" and smaller Pipe Sizes 2" to 4* *4" and over Hot Water and Up to 267 268 to 337 338 to 387 388 to 499 300 to 600 0-2$ 26-100 101-200 Low Superheat Superheat Standard Standard Standard ivr 2" Standard Standard wr Double Standard Standard iw 2" Double Standard 3" Where the insulation is to be applied on weather exposed sur faces or extremely tong lines, or where it is highly desirable to mini mise steam condensa tion, increase thickness at least /i' greater than those shown in table. $5% Magnesia Pipe Insulation Thicknesses Nominal Pipe Size Inches Standard Thickness Inches nr Thick Inches 2* Thick Inches Double Standard Thick 1st Course 2nd Course Inches 3' Thick Broken Joint 1st Course Inches 2nd Course Inches H K i iX I'A 2 2 Vi 3 3M 4 *4 $ 6 7 8 9 10 12 14 16 18 20 24 30 aH aH aX aH aX a 14* a 14* a i4* a 14* a Hi a 14 a iX a IX a Hi a iX a Hi a Hi ab 14 b IX b iX b iX b IX b ix b Hi a IX a ix a ix a ix a IX a IX a ix a ix a ix a ix am a IX a IX a IX a IX a ix a IX ab ix b 1.4 b 14 b 14 b 14 b XX b 14 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 a2 ab 2 b2 b2 b2 b2 b2 b2 aH aX aH aX aX a Hit a 14* al a IK a 14 a IK a 14* a 14 a IK a IK a IK ' a IK ab IX b 14 b 14 b 14 b 14 b 14 b 14 . a 14 a 14* a 1H a 14* a 14 a 14 a 14 a 14 a 14 a 14 a IK a Hi a l.K a i.K a i.K b IK b IK b 1-4 b 14 b 1.4 b 14 b 1X b i4 b 14 x H a 1X 14 a_ 14 14 14 a 14 14 a 14 14 a 14 a 1.4 a IX a IX a IX a 1X ab iX b 14 b 1.4 b 1.4 b 34 b IX b xX a2 a2 a 14 a 1.4 a 14 a 14 a 14 a 14 a 14 a 14 a 14 a i.4 a XX a 14 b IX ab 14 b 14 b 14 b 14 b 14 b 14 b 14 b 14 b 1-4 Sections and Segments (curved block) are thirty-six inches in length. ^--Furnished standard in tubular half sections. ab--Furnished standard in segments. Can be furnished in tubular half sections when specifically ordered. ^--Furnished standard in segments. * These Sixes do not run exactly Three Inches of Thickness. Ill r Nominal i Insulation Pipe Sue, Thickness, inches inches Temperature difference between pipe and surrounding air, CF. 30* 100* 130- 200" 250' 300' 350' 400' 450' 500' Temperature o( pipe, F. (Temperature of surrounding air, 75 F.) 125 173 225' 273' 325" 375' 425' 475' 525 37S6 Heat Losses per linear foot of bare pipe per hour and Efficiencies of insulation Std. 1H 2 Dbt. Std. 3 Std. w% 2 DM. Std. 3 . 142.2 Efficiency %. " %. - %. " % - %. Bare pipe loss, S.C.U.. . 169.4 Efficiency %%.... . 87.98 313.1 83.44 86.23 88.48 39J 8 91.04 371.9 83.94 86.59 88.96 89.83 91.45 523.8 34.34 87.40 89.46 90.32 91.85 623.9 85.31 87.76 39.94 90.74 92C23 755.5 1073.01 1423.01 1846.0' 2348.4' 2922.9: 3581.8 1I 86.12 87.22 88.21! 89.18! 90.10 90.851 91.54 88.43 39.38! 90.20: 91.04' 91.80: 92.4S- 93.02 90.37 91.16, 91.90, 92.57; 93.20: 93.75 94.24 91.17 91.85 92.53! 93.15i 93.73. 94.21! 94.65 92.75 93.16 93.74J 94.26, 94.741 95.1Si_ 95.54 1 n-- 923.7 1278.1 1694.9; 2198.71 2797.1:3480.9. 4265.6 -- 36.50 j 87.58i | 88.5?' 89.78! 90.37; 91.15 91.68 38.84: 89.73 90.50 91.64. 92.03: 92.60. 93.24 90.32 *91.54 92.231. 92.071 92.99 94.00 94.48 91.54 92.191 92.81: 93.45! 93.98 94.47: 94.90 92.89 i 93.47 94.01. 94.56i 95.00 95.40 95.77 Std. 1H 2 DbL Std. 3 Std. VS 2 DbL Std. 3 Std. 2 DbL Std. 3 Bare pipe loss, B.t.u.. . 195.0 Efficiency %. %. %. %. % Bare pipe loss, B.t.u.. . 220.6 Efficiency %. %, %. %, %. Bare pipe loss, B.C.U.. . 246.0 Efficiency %. " - - % %. %. %. . 86.33 . 91.54 430.4 83.48 86.95 89.24 90.73 91.80 485.7 83.60 87.28 89.55 91.00 92.04 342.0 85.82 87.40 89.63 91.22 92.26 720.0 1066.0 1475.6; 1956.0; 2539.o! 3228.o| 4006.9 4910.2 1 -----------r 86.72 87.80 88.75 89.61' 90.46! 91-12! 91.91 92.53 88.07 89.10 39.96 90.77 91.55' 92.26: 92.89: 93.43 90.21 91.04 91.761 92.44' 93.07: 93.67; 94.18' 94.63 91.55 92.30 92.92' 93.47' 94.04* 94.55; 94.97' 95.36 92.53 93.17 93.751 94.24, 94.74! 95.19. 95.58= 95.92 ________ !________ L i 1----------- !----------- 1----------- 312.5 1203.0 1664.5 2207.3! 2863.61 3642.8: 4530.3- 5552.2 86.83 37.94 1 83.391 1 89.74- 1 90.591 913fl! --r 92.05 92.65 88.37 89.38! 90.21 91.00' 91.76* 92.47- 93.08: 93.65 90.45 91.28 92.00 92.65! 93.26' -93.84! 94.35' 94.78 91.78 92.49 93.10! 93.67) 94.21= 94.70: 95.12! 95.50 92.75 93.33 93.93 94.42; 94.91, 95.35: 1 95.72!! 96.07 907.0 11343.0 1* I 1360.0; 2465.0 3200.0: 4070.0, 5056.8' 6196.7 87.02 38.52 90.58 92.01 92.94 38.12 89.47 91.43 92.71 93.57 89.27! 90J3t 92.13 93.29 94.11 89.911 91.13! 92.8493.831 94.59) 90.74! ---------- 1 91.49! 91.26- 92.53 93.37: 93.93 94.36, 94.32' 95.06) 95.491 92.17* 93.12; 94.4395.23 95.84, 92.77 93.65 94.87 95.60 96.17 10 Bare pipe loss, B.tu.. , 273.4 606.2 1014.1 !l501.5 2077.5 2775.0l3S74.il 4546.61 5655.0; 6929.8 Std. m 2 DbL Std. 3 Efficiency %................ " %........... " %...... * %........... . 84.75 . 86.60 . 88.97 . 90.63 . 91.72 85.96 87.67 39.87 91.51 92.60 37.13 88.75 90.77 92.17 93.10 88.21 89.69 91.58 92.84 93.71 1 89.14! 90.21 93J9 93.44 94.24 >-- 90.01] 90.83' 9127' 92.00; 92.89- 93.52. 93.97, 94.491 94.72J 95.13- 1 91.59. 92.70' 94.07; 94.9695.54 1 92.26 93.28 94.55. 95.37' 95.95, 92.84 93.79 95.00 95.73 96.26 J12 Bare pipe loss, B.C.U... . 326.0 719.0 1203.0 1780.0 2465.0 3266.o! 4235.0; 5390.0! 6700.9- 8211.5 Std. 2 Dbl. Std. Efficiency %.............. - %.......... " %.......... . 89.24 37.86 90.10 92.59 88.93 39.84 91.00 91.81 93,28 93.38 _______ 90.70: 9t.4si 92.47 93.0994.33 94.87; i ------------ r 92.17! 92.84! 93.43 93.701 94.24: 94.69 95-31 j 95.711 96.04, ________ L 93.94 95.11 96.35 14 Bare pipe loss. B.tu.. . 377.0 736.0 1318.0 1950.0;2700.0:3S80.0I 4645.0! 5905.0:7353.3= 9011.1 Std. Efficiency %. . 86.93 88.03 89.05 90.02 90.82 9t.58' 92.26' 92.93! 93.48. 94.01 2 ** %. 90.19 91.40 91.90 92.56. 93.18 93.77' 94.331 94.79! 95.20 DbL Std. - %. j 92.06 92.71 93.40 93.99 94.48 94.96 95.38' 95.30 96.141 96.47 _______ .. i" i 1 16 Bare pipe loss, B.tu... J 408.0 901.0 1510.0 2237.0 *3095.0 4100.0! 5320.0: 6765.0 .8407.2 ; 10302 Std. 2 Dbl Std. Efficiency %. 14 %. - %. . 87.07 88.12 90.41 92.89 89.15 91.67 93.55 90.10 92.00 94.13 ; 90.91 91.63: 92.35! 93.00 i 93.57! 94.08 92.74 1 93.34 93.91, 94.46' 94.92 > 95.32 94.63 95.09) 95.50! 95.90 1 96.25 96.54 113 Nominal Pipe Size Inches Packaging Data--55^ Magnesia Pipe Insulation Carton Contents i i ! Nominal Weight Per Section 1 Lb*. Sections . Per Carton Carton No. Nominal Net Weight Per Carton Lbs. Tabic 1.--Standard Thick Vi Va 1 139 1.58 1.78 U/4 2.07 m 2.21 2 330 2Vi 3.65 3 .4.23 3Vj 4.68 4 5.69 4/3 6.19 3 6.75 6 7.87 7 10.02 8 11.08 9 to T^UI- i 11/. T_~1. 1232 13.43 Vi V* .1 tv* m 2 2Vi 3 3Vi 4 Vi 5 6 7 8 9 10 3.18 330 334 , 434 448 544 541 6.72 738 8.04 8.70 9.45 10.94 1240 1349 15.08 1639 Vi V* 1 1V4 iVi 2 V/i 3 3V: 4 Vi s 6 7 8 9 10 5.10 544 5.98 6.62 6.97 7.85 8.72 9.81 10.69 11,57 12.43 13.44 15.41 17.17 18.93 20.88 22.63 ` 48 45 40 32 28 18 15 15 9 8 8 6 4 4 2 2. 2 21 . 18 18 16 IS . 12 9 8 8 7 .6 4 4 4 2 2 2 , '' ' * 10 10 V. 12 8 9 8 7 6 6 4' 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 256 120 120 120 120 0 . 120 258 120 120 258 120 202 259 248 256 120 256 256 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 258 120 202 259 260 248 256 257 248 248 120 248 120 120 120 257 120 202 202 259 260 248 256 257 258 67 71 71 66 62 58 55 63 42 46 50 41 32 40 . 22 25 27 ' 67 63 69 69 69 63 53 54 59 56 52 38 44 49 27 30 33 51 55 72 53 63 63 61 59 64 46 50 54 62 34 38 42 45 Nominal Gross Weight Per Carton Lbs. 73 77 77 72 <8 64 61 70 48 52 57 47 33 47 27 31 33 73 ' 69 75 75 75 69 59 60 65 63 58 44 51 57 32 36 39 56 60 78 58 69 . 69 67 65 70 52 56 61 70 39 44 48 52 114 Nominal Pipe Size Inches Nominal Weight Per Section Lbs. Table 4.--Double Standard Thick ft S.22 ft 3.18 l 6.40 l*/4 6.22 Wl 7,14 2 8.78 m 0.74 3 10.70 3ft 13.82 4 13.03 4ft 17.02 s 13.93 6 19.19 7 22.62 8 24.80 Sections Per Carton 12 12 9 9 9 8 7 6 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 Carton No. 236 236 256 236 220 120 229 120 238 2S8 202 202 248 256 257 Nominal Net Weight Per Carton Lbs. 63 62 58 * 36 54 70 68 64 35 52 68 64 38 45 50 Nominal Gross Weight Per Carton Lbs. 69 68 64 62 70 76 74 70 62 59 74 70 43 SI 56 Carton No. 248 256 257 120 258 202 259 260 Key Table to Carton Sizes Inside Dimensions Inches Outside Dimensions Inches ' lift *23% *36 13 x 26 x36 14 x 28 x 36 14ft x 27ft x 36 IS x 30ft x 36 18 x 18 x36 20ft x 20ft x 36 22 x22 136 12ft x 24ft x 36ft 13ft x 26ft x 36ft 14ft x 28ft x 36ft 15 x 27ft x 36ft 15ft x 31 x 36ft 38ft x 18ft * 36ft 21* 2 x 21ft x 36ft 22ft x 22ft* 36ft Tare Wt. Lbs. 5 6 6 6 7 6 7 85% Magnesia Blocks and Lagging 85% Magnesia Blocks and Lagging are light, efficient insulating materials for flat, curved, and irregular surfaces such as boilers, breechings, oil stills, tanks, and other heated equipment, where the temperature does not exceed 600 F. Where temperatures are in excess of 600 F., 85% Mag nesia should be used in combination with HyTemp Blocks, 85% Magnesia Blocks are furnished in stand ard 36" lengths in 3", 6", 9", and 12" widths. Thicknesses range from 1" to 4" inclusive, * Physical Oiaracteristics of 85% Magnesia Blocks and Lagging (All properties are on the hone dry basis with exception of shipping density) Shipping Density, Ibs./cu. ft., average...........12.2 plus or minus 10% Thermal Conductivity (k) BTU hr./sq. ft./(F./ ir.-.), average Mean Temperature 1002 F......................... 0.36 Mean Temperature 300" F......................... 0.42 Modulus of Rupture, psi., average..............50.0 Heat Tests--6 hrs. at 500 F. % linear shrinkage, average..................... 0.2 % loss in weight, average..........................14.0 Recommended Minimum Thicknesses Temperature *F. Hot Water 212* to 266* 267* to 337* 338* to 387" 388" to 499* 500* to 600* 83% Magnesia Blocks Thickness--inches r ift" 2' 2ft* 3* 3ft* NOTE: No thickness recommendation can apply to all conditions. These recommendations have been found to be satisfactory and economical for most cases. 1M Heat Losses and Efficiencies of 857c Magnesia Blocks and Lagging Thickness of Insulation, inches 0 2 U4 2 Vh 3 m 4 Teroperan re* Difl erence tjetween Hot Surface and Surrounding Air S0*F 100*F 1$0F 200'F 230-F 300 F 350aF 40Q*F 4S0JF 500F Tempe.rature of Hot Surface 125 *F 173*F 225F 275' F 325*F 375aF 425"F. 475F 52SF 57S*F \ Bare Surface Loss t ) --ar.u. s Efficiency %................... u %................... m %................... H %................... * %................... *4 %................... M %................... 97.3 79.2 Heal losses ter Sq. 1*t. Bare Surfaces per Hour in B.T.U. 215.2 360.0 533.0 738.8 ! 973.0 ! 1269.4 i 1614.0 12007.5 >2460.0 ________ L________!________ !________ ________ !_ 82.0 82.3 34.4 35.3 37.0 88.2 894 90.2 91.0 86^ 87.3 88.6 89.6 904 914 92.1 92.3 93.5 94.0 89.5 904 91.4 92.2 92.9 934 94.1 94.6 95.1 954 91.7 92.7 93.1 93.7 944 94.3 954 95.7 96.1 96.4 93.0 93.7 944 94.3 95.2 95.7 96.2 96.4 96.7 97.1 94.1 94.6 95.1 95.5 95.9 96.3 96.6 96.9 97.2 97.5 94.8 95.3 95.7 96.1 96.4 96.7 97.0 974 97.5 97.7 * Temperature of surrounding air taken as 7S*F. Packaging Information--857 Magnesia Blocks Dimenaions of Blocks 1**3* *36* l*/i" x 3* * 36* l*/2" a 3* x 36" iy4* *3" x 36" 2" x 3" 36" 2*4" x 3* x 36" x 3" x 36" 3" x 3" x 36* 3**" x 3" x 36" 4* x 3" x 36* Weight per Block, lbs. 0.76 0.95 1.14 143 1.53 1.72 1.91 249 2.67 3.05 Carton or Crate No. 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 Bloeks per Carton or Crate 72 S3 43 42 36 32 30 24 13 1" x 6" x36* Hi" x 6" x 36* H/j" x 6" x 36" I%* x 6" x 36" 2" x 6" x 36" 2*4" x 6" x 36* 2*/," x 6" x 36* 3" x 6" x 36" 3*/2" x 6" x 36" 4" x 6" x 36" l" x 12* x 36" 1*4" x 12" x 36" 1*/," x 12" x 36* H4" x 12" x 36" 2* x 12" x36" 2*4" x 12" x 36" 2*4" x t2" x 36" 3" x 12" x 36* 3/a* x 12" x 36" 4" x 12" x 36" 142 1.90 249 2.67 3.05 3.43 3.31 447 543 6.10 - 3.05 . 341 447 543 6.10 646 7.62 9.14 10.67 12.19 114 114 114 114 114 ... 114 - 114 114 crate 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 114 crate crate 36 29 24 21 13 16 15 12 28 9 18 14 12 10 9 8 7 6 14 12 Crate--I.D. 24" x 24*/a" x 36*/2"--Tare Weight 23 lb*. Carton No. 214--I.D. 12*/2" x lSVnw x 36`--O.D. 13* x 19*/*" * 36*/2'--Tare Weight 5 lbs. 118 Gross Wt. per Carton or Crate 60 60 60 61 60 60 62 60 60 60 60 60 61 60 60 62 60 174 60 60 58 60 58 60 60 58 60 174 171 Hy-Temp Pipe Covering and Block Hy-temp insulation is recommended for heated lines and surfaces where temperatures range from above 600 F. to 1900 F. This material is made from calcined diatomaceous earth, asbestos fiber, magnesia carbonate, and binders. Hy-temp insulation is generally used as an in ner layer in combination with an outer layer of 85% Magnesia. The inner layer of Hy-Teinp is used in a thickness sufficient to reduce the tem perature at the So% Magnesia to within safe limits for that product. Because hy-temp insula tion will withstand higher temperatures than 85% Magnesia, but is not so efficient an insulator as 85% Magnesia, a combination of the two ma terials utilizes the high heat resistance of the high temperature insulation and the greater effi ciency of 85% Magnesia to best advantage. Hytemp insulation possesses sufficient strength so that it can be handled without breakage. Physical Characteristics of Hy-Tcmp Pipe and Block Insulation (AH properties on bone dry basis with exception of shipping density) Shipping Density, Ihs./cu. ft., average.... 23.6 plus or minus 10% Thermal Conductivity (k), BTU/hr./sq. ft/(F./in.) average Mean Temperature 350 F......................... 0.72 Mean Temperature S00c F......................... 0.30 Modulus of Rupture, psi, average................... 70 Heat Tests (6 hours at 1500 F.) % linear shrinkage........................................... 1.0 % loss in weight............................................. 9.0 Hy-Temp Pipe Insulation Hy-Temp Pipe Insulation is furnished in tubu lar half sections and sets of curved segmental blocks 3 ft in length and in thicknesses from 1" to 3". Half sections are furnished for pipe sizes of 10" and smaller. Insulation for pipe sizes larger than 10" in single layer or inner layer only of double standard thick or 3" thick broken joint construction is furnished in segments. The 12" sue can be furnished in sectional covering 1^" and 2%/' thick on specific order. In most applications Ily-Temp Pipe Insulation is wired on as an inner layer, in combination with an outer layer of 85% Magnesia. It is furnished without canvas jacket and bunds. 117 Recommended Minimum Thicknesses of Combination Hy*Temp and 85% Magnesia Pipe Insulation--Indoor Piping Temperature Nominal Pipe Size*, inches ' 600-- 699* F. ' Hy-Temp 85% Mag nesia 700--799 F. Thickness of Insulation--Inches Hy-Temp 85% Mag nesia 800--1000 F. Hy-Temp 85% Mag nesia I.' * At smaller 2 2} 2 3 3X 4 4H S At larger . iw IH IX lX iH IX iH . Single layer only of Hy-Temp, 2* thick i X Mi 2 IH iH iX 2 IX iH iH # 2 2H LX IX 2 IX LX ix - 2 2H IX ix 2 IH i X Mi 2 2 IX IX IX ix IX 2 2 All insulation on pipes U/a" and smaller shall be single layer of Hy-Tcmp Pipe Insulation. Where insulation is to be applied on weather-exposed surfaces or extremely long lines, or where it is desirable to mini mize loss of superheat, increase thickness at least Yt" greater than those shown in table. Heat Losses from Bare Pipes and Efficiencies of Hy*Temp Combination Pipe Insulation (Hy-Temp Insulation with "Featherweight" 85% Magnesia at outer layer) Nominal kp* Sis*. inches Thick! acts ; Hy-Temp loaula- ; non. inches Pip* Sis* of SS** Masneeia. inches Thicknew of 83% Macania. inches Total Thick- neaa of Com bination Insula tion, inches H9 0 9 Bars pip* ten. B.tu. IH (m cuter l*r*r> 3 (an outer layer) IH Efficiency % 3 Efficiency % H0 0 0 Bare pipe toss. 8.C.U. iH (no outer layer) 3 (no outer layer) IH Efficiency % 3 Efficiency % i0 0 0 Bare pipe loss. B.t.u. i.H (no outer layer) 3 (no outer layer) IH Efficiency % 3 Efficiency % iH 9 9 0 Bare pipe iota. B.tu. 14 (no outer layer) 3 (no outer layer) iH :? Efficiency % 3 Efficiency % IH 9 9* 9 Bare pipe loss. B.fcu. 214 (no outer layer) (no outer layer) IH Effideocv % 3 Efficiency % 29 0 9 Bare pipe loea. B.fcu. 1414 44 14 3*1 Efficiency % *H 3 3H Efficiency % 0 sISi 3 1* 0 9 Bare pipe loea. B.bu, IH 2^i Efficiency % 3 3 Efficiency % 30 0 9 Bar* pip* lose. B.Cu. 1% '6 . IH 3 Efficiency % 1 .* 6 * Efficiency % Temperature Difference between pipe and furreuadms air. D*t. F. 435* S3S* 633* 735* Temperature of Pip*. Dec. F. 599* 609* 709* 390* (Surrouadint air temperature 73* F.) Heat lasses per linear foot of bar* pipe per hour and Efficiencies of insulation 395-3 81.05 83.94 593-3 84.00 83.64 137.3 86.13 87.60 1233.8 87.73 69.03 *47J 83.09 84.95 745J 83.64 87.30 1043.8 87.35 89.09 1*06-5 88.94 90.33 630.5 4.75 S4v53 939-3 87.09 84.64 1306J 88.89 90.20 1754.3 90.06 91-34 784.3 84.14 87.97 1174.0 88.30 89.84 1656.3 89.85 91.30 3218.3 90.96 92.18 894.8 84.85 88.00 1133.0 JUT 92JO 1346.3 88.90 90-38 1680.0 93.99 93.30 1S93.8 90.36 91.6* 1369a 93.84 94.36 2537.3 91.44 92.60 3175.5 9*.32 95.00 1340.0 93.30 93.01 3037.0 93.30 94.10 2862.5 94.36 94.67 3843.5 93.00 95.43 1653.3 93.30 93.78 3478.0 1 94.26 i 94.76 3487.5 93.01 95.43 4676-3 93.58 93.94 118 Heat Losses from Bare Pipes and Efficiencies of Hy-Temp Combination Pipe Insulation (con't) (Hy-Temp Insulation with "Featherweight" 85% Magnesia as outer layer) Nominal Pipe Si*. incite* Thick- itra Hy-Temp Insula tion. inches Pipe Sice oi '; MlfROII. inches Thick ness of SS-9 Mag- nesie. inches Total Thick ness of Com bine uon Insula tion, inches Tentpsreeure Difference between pipe end surrounding air. Deg- F. 423* 523* 625* 725* Temperature of Pipe. Deg. F. 309* 400- 700" 800* (Surrounding air temperature 73* F.) Heat losaes per linear-foot of bare pipe per hour and Efficiencies of insulation 3H 4 X s 6 7 8 9 19 13 14 16 IS 20 24 39 0 1*4 IS 0 IS is 0 1*4 0 lX 9 IX 0 IX 0 lX 0 IX 9 IS 9 IS 9 IK 9 1H 0 IX 0 IK 0 IK 9 IK 9 6 IX 62 9 7 7 }* 9 73 0 S. 3 9 93 0 10 3 9 11 3 0 13 3 0 14 3 16 * 9 3 9 17 2 9 19 3 0 21 2 9 23 2 9 27 3 9 33 2 .9 2* 3S 9 3)4 IS 9 3* 9 3H 9 3K 0 3X 0 3X 9 3K 9 3*4 9 3S 9 3X 9 3K 9 3H 0* 3X 9 3K 0 3X Bare pipe loss. B.tu. Efficiency % Efficiency % Bare pipe lost. B.tu. Efficiency % Efficiency % Bere pipe loss. B.tu. Efficiency % " Bere pipe loss. B.tu. Efficiency % Bere pipe loss. B.tu. Efficiency % Bere pipe loss. B.t.u. Efficiency % Bars pip* teas. B.tu. Bfficiaaey % Bor* pip* loss. B.tu. Bffleiency % Bar* pip* tees. B.tu. Efficiency % Bere pipe tees, B.tu. Efficiency % Bere pipe lose. B.tu. Efficiency % Bere pip* teee. B.tu. Efficiency % Bar* pip* toss. B.tu. Efficiency % Bore pip* tee*. B.tu. Efficiency % Bar* pip* lose. B.t u. Efficiency % Bore pipe lose. B.tu. Efficiency % 1891-J 2829.8 93.24 93.90 1 3133.9 94.30 94.86 31864 93.81 94.33 94.78 93.23 39814 3343.3 93.03 93.60 93.33 * " 96.02 44814 93.47 95.88 60104 93.96 9643 2363.0 33384 49814 66774 94.38 95.23 9346 9641 2636.3 39374 333 74 743 14 94.74 9546 96.14 96.37 3138.9 46684 6393.8 8643.0 95.03 95.79 9444 96.73 3604.0 3397.9 75934 101864 93.23 93.96 96.30 96.89 40714 61994 83874 11313.0 9349 96.10 96.62 96.99 43474 66094 95814 126344 9342 96.22, 96.72 97.97 3083.9 7617.8 107184 14369.3 95.72 9647 9644 97.19 60324 9024.8 12700.0 17030.3 93.83 96.49 99.93 97.38 6698.8 99014 139374 18690.3 93.83 9641 96.97 97.30 73364 113244 139314 213634 93.93 8394.3 9649 i 127414 97.02 17925.0 -97.36 24041.0 99.04 96.66 97.10 97.42 9447.8 96.09 141594 96.70 199164 26716.3 97.12 i 97.43 11339.9 16489.0 23900.0 - 32032.3 96.18 96.78 97.22 97.53 14173.6 21236.3 ( 29881.3 ' 400704 96.28 96.86 97.27 j 9744 119 Hy-Temp Combination Pipe Covering Temperatures to $00* F. Hy-Temp Approximately 1 yf thick INNER LAYER OUTER LAYER ' Hy-Temp (85% Magnesia) ' Nominal Pipe Sizes Inches X K l iK 2 tX 3 3X 4 4M s 6 7 8 9 10 *11 *12 *14 ojL *16 ad. *18 o-d. 20 ad. *24 ad. 30 ad. Approx. Thickness Inches iX iH iX iH IX ix ix ix iX ix ix ix IH ix ix , ix ix IX ix IX IX iX ix IX ix Nominal Pipe Sizes Inches 3 3X 4 4 *X s 6 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 19 *21 23 27 33 Hy-Temp Combination Pipe Covering Temperatures 800" to 1000* F. Hy-Temp Approximately 2" thick ' INNER LAYER OUTER LAYER Hy-Temp (85% Magnesia) Nominal Pipe Sizes Inches Approx. Thickness Inches Nominal Pipe Sizes Inches .M H l - iX lX 2 2X 3 3H 4 s 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 ad. *16 ad. 18 ad. 2 in 2 lT/i . 2M 2 ix 2 . 2 2 2 2X 2 2 2X 2H 2 2X 2 2 2 - *X 4H 5 S 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 10 11 12 14 *15 16 17 18 20 *22 Hy-Temp and Magnesia for pipe siaes larger than 10* is furnished in Segmental blocks. Number and Sizes of Segments of 85% Magnesia and Hy-Temp Segmental Pipe Insulation Pipe Size Inches 12* 14* IS 16* it* it* 19* 20* :i* 22* j* 26* 3a* 30* IX* Thick Scaatentt Xros Pipe per Courw Size of ScCWBtB laches 12.73* a 5.00 z 6.24 14* US x 6.73 IS* 9 S.2S x U1 16* 9 5.63 x 6.66 17* 10 5-39 x 033 It* 10 5.70 x 6.64 19* 11 5.47 x 642 30* 11 5.73 x 6.61 21* 12 5.54 x 642 23* 12 S-*0 x 648 23* 13 5.56 x 641 24* 13 5.C3 x 34 26* 14 5.90 x 6.33 3a* IS 3.90 x 642 so* 16 5.91 x 640 7 2* Thick SttsMsa -- P Coume Size of Seamentz Inches a 3.06 x 6.63 a 545 x 7.12 9 3.26 x 6-61 9 3.63 x 7.03 10 549 x 6.64 10 5.70 x 6.96 u 5.47 x 6.61 11 5.75 x 6.90 12 544 x 6.51 13 5.60 x 6.64 13 546 x 643 13 5.63 x 6.60 14 5.67 x 6.77 IS 5.90x6.73 16 5.91 x 6.70 Double Std. or 3* Thick 9/J Method Seamcoce per Copne 1st Course Size of Sesmeata Seamenta per Course 2nd Course Sue of Seamenca 6 5.06 x 6.24 9 5.59 x 6.64 6 545 x 6.73 10 5.42 x 647 . 5.26 z 643 10 5.74 x 6.66 9 3.63 x 6.66 11 5.50 x 646 10 5.39 x 6.33 11 5.79 x 6.65 10 5.70 s 6.64 u $.57 X 645 11 5.47 s 642 12 5.63 x 6.62 11 S.7S x 6.61 13 546x641 12 5.54 x 642 13 5.67 x 649 12 $.80 x 64S 1* 5.63 x 6.30 13 5.51 s 6.31 14 5.92 x 645 l* 5.83 z 6.56 l* 6.06 x 6.73 14 $.90 x 642 IS 6.10 x 6.72 1* 5.90 x 6,32 16 6.11 x 6.70 16 5.91 x 640 It s.;aJ0 120 Packaging Data--Hy-Temp and Combination Pipe Insulation (Crate No. 71 is used unless otherwise noted) Sections per crate--Jacketed Hy-Temp Pipe Insulation Thickness of Insulation 14' Thick 2' Thick Nominal Pipe Sizes HH 1 14 2 2,4 3 3.4 4 4 U s 6 7 8 9 10 S3 so 46 38 38 28 24 20 16 14 14 11 9 *-#70 6-/70 6-:*72 6-/73 16 j 1438 32 28 2* 24 20 14 11 11 9 6-/70 6 6-#72 6-*73 5-/201 * Thickness of Outer Layer Standard 14' 2' DbL Std. DbL 14' Sections per crate--Hy-Temp Combination Pipe Insulation Nominal Pipe Size of Outer Layer As Shown on Data Page IM-67B 3 34 4 44 5. 6 7 3 9 10 23 24 19 is 14 11 7 6-/70 6 16-/72 20 16 14 14 11 9 6-/70 6-/70 6-/72 6-/73 14 14 It ll% 9 6-470 6 6-/72 6-/73 5--'201 14 11 11 7 7 6-/70 6-472 6-/73 X X 9 6 6-/70 6-/70 6 6-#72 6-/73 * X X Sections per crate--Hy-Temp Inner Layer of Combination Pipe Insulation (When Outer Layer Is Segmental Block) Thicimess of Inner Layer 14' 2' 6 12 9' Nominal Pipe Size of HY^TEMP Inner Layer 7 9 .8 8 3 10-/72 9 10-/72 10-/72 10 10-72 10--72 Crate No. 200 . 201 70 71 72 73 Key to Crate Dimensions Inside Dimensions (inches) 344 x 34 x364 37 x 3S3+ x 364 344 x 23 x 364 37 x 25 x 36,4 41 x 27 x 364 42 x 28 x 36*4 Outside Dimensions (inches) 37U x 3S *374 40 x 364 * 374 374 x 24 %37.4 40 x 26 *37*4 44 x 28 x 37* . 45 x 29 * 37*4 121 Tare Weight (lbs.) 55 60 40 45 55 60 Hy-Tcmp Block Insulation Hy-Temp 13Jocks arc furnished in standard widths of 3", 6", 9", and 12" and in 33" lengths flat. Thicknesses range from 1" to 4". Curved blocks arc furnished in standard 6" widths and 36" lengths. Thicknesses range from 1V1" to 2". Hy-Temp Blocks arc usually used in combina tion with an outer layer of S3' 1 Magnesia Blocks. The Hy-Temp Blocks are applied as an inner layer to bring the temperature at the magnesia down to the limits of that product. This main steam header, carrying superheated steam at 4(X) pounds pressure from the fouler in the background to the power plant turbine, is insulated with lli" thick Hy-Temp Covering and a similar thickness of 85% Mag nesia Covering. Hy-Temp Block is used under the steel shell to reduce heat losses through the boiler wails. Recommended Minimum Thickness of Combination Hy-Temp and 85CJ. Magnesia Block Insulation . Maximum Temperature on Hy-Temp deg. F. Thickness of Hy-Temp Inches Thickness of Magnesia Inches 730 900 1000 1200 m ' 2H VA 2 S2 3*4 1V4 Where insulation is to be applied on weather-exposed surfaces, increase thicknesses at least*$" greater than those shown in table. Total Thickness Inches 4 41/, 3 5 Empty carton weight--4 lbs. Approximate gross weight--85 lbs. for Hy-Temp Blocks Outside dimensions of carton- 13* * * 37*. Hy-Temp Carton Contents Size in Inches Thickness in Inches *! 1 tti t'-2 l1* Hi 3 x 36 Blocks per Carton.............. 48 38 32 28 20 20 Sq. Ft. per Carton......... 36 28*-. 24 21 .8 | lS 15 6x36 1 Blocks per Carton............... 24 19 16 14 12 ; 10 10 Sq. Ft. per Carton.............. 36 28* > 24 21 13 IS i IS 12 x36 Blocks per Carton............... 12 9 Sq. Ft. per Carton.............. 36 27 8 24 7 21 .86 | s 15 s 15 3 16 12 8 12 4 12 12 9 6 9 3 9 122 Bestfelt Pipe Covering and Block v\ Destfclt Insulation is made in pipe covering and block form of built-up layers of crimped as bestos paper. There are approximately 33 layers of paper per inch of insulation thickness. The ma terial is suitable for use on heated pipes and sur faces where temperatures do not exceed 700 F. It is often specified in place of Magnesia for applications where the insulation is subjected to excessive conditions of vibration or where it must be removed and replaced frequently. For example, removable Hatige covers made of Best- felt have the high strength necessary to resist damage that occurs to many insulations when the covers are removed and replaced. For thermal conductivity of Bestfelt I tion, see curve on Page 126. Bestfelt Pipe Insulation Bestfelt Pipe Covering is supplied : foot sections with canvas jackets and ' quered bands for application. It is avr pipe sizes from Vy" to 24". Standard Thickness approximates nesses of 1", IV*", 2", and 2H" ar in single layer construction. A 3" supplied with broken joint coustn: equal thicknesses. Recommended Minimum Thickness of Bestfelt Pipe Insulation--Indoor Coudif Stesm Pressure or con4ition Hoc Water 0- 2S tbs. 25-100 lb*. 100-200 lb*. Low Superheat Temp. Deg. F. -- 212 to 266 267 to 337 338 to 387 388 to 499 500 to 599 - roo % l___ Pipe Sire* Up to ls/j" | 2' to 4" lm f 1" r 1" * I' i*/3" I'/V 2" 2" 2'/,' 3' | i j 1 Heat Losses from Bare Pipes ami Efficiencies of Bostfelt Insulation Nominal Pipe Size, inches H Insulation thickness. inches 1 14 2 2.4 3 Efficiency % U " ` * Temperature of pipe-->6eg. Fahr 123 175 225 275 325 375 425 475 525 ! 50 71.46 73.91 1 76.80 ; 78.37 j 80.33 Temperature difference between pipe and air--deg. Fahr. . 100 150 200 250 - 300 | 350 ] 400 j 450 73.21 75.70 78.43 30.10 81.67 76.11 77.60 80.10 81.60 83.10 77.31 79.30 81.60 83.10 84.41 79.00 80.71 83.00 84.37 85.50 80.27 ! 81.90 82.17 [ 83.40 84.10 ! 85.40 85.52 j 86.57 86.60 , 87.52 82.98 1 84.87 84.69 85.80 86.41 ! 87.50 87.60 | 88.SI 88.51 89.47 575 500 85.76 36.91 88.60 39.31 89.99 1 " " ! 74.00 75.70 77.61 79.50 80.70 82.00 ! 83.57 84.79 82 86.91 14 " 76.70 78.13 79.32 81.33 82.72 83.97 ! 8S.10 86.20 87.21 88.11 i2 ` ! 79.50 80.85 82.37 83.62 84.80 85.90 ; 87.00 87.95 89.00 89.61 24 3 " * ! 81.12 82.40 83.80 85.07 86.13 87.12 88.15 89.12 89.91 90.63 " * ji 82.62 83.82 85.14 86.20 87.17 38.10 I 89.00 39.32 90.62 91.22 1 * * 1 77.25 78.82 80.50 82.00 83.09 84.30 ! 85.51 86.67 87.50 88.39 14 * * j 80.00 81.27 82.75 83.99 8S.12 86.13 87.21 88.23 38.99 89.81 2 * 82.57 33.90 84.99 86.17 87.12 83.02 i 88.96 89.82 90.52 91.22 24 * " ! 84.30 85.41 36.52 87.51 88.42 89.21 ! 90.02 90.82 91.43 92.03 3 " ! 85.70 86.72 37.69 88.62 89.43 90.12 ! 90.90 91.61 92.25 92.67 1i 1 * ! 78.80 80.22 81.72 83.03 84.22 85.32 j 86.42 87.52 88.31 89.11 14 31.51 32.31 84.03 85.23 86.29 87.19 i 38.13 89.05 89.79 90.51 22 4ft 84.02 35.13 86.32 87.31 88.20 89.05 39.90 90.70 91.31 91.93 24 85.73 86.71 87.80 88.70 89.50 90.22 l 90.97 91.66 92.25 92.78 3 4ft 4ft 86.99 87.94 88.83 89.69 90.42 91.08 j 91.77 92.37 92.91 93.40 i _. 1 1 14 2,4 2 24' 3 * - ! ?9.98 31.33 82.71 83.97 85.08 86.10 | 87.13 88.11 88.96 89.71 ` " j 82.65 83.33 85.03 86.14 87.12 88.00 1 38.91 89.77 90.47 91.13 * I 85.10 36.16 87.20 88.17 89.01 39.78 90.55 91-30 91.88 92.50 - * 1 86.76 37.69 88.67 89.54 90.28 90.99 91.69 92.35 96.90 93.41 " j 87.94 88.30 39,70 90.48 91.17 91.77 92.40 93.00 93.50 93.95 1 14 32 2.4 3 1 14 34 2 24 3 1 14 42 24 3 1 14 4M 2 24 3 ` " ! 80.97 82.24 83.60 84.30 8S.90 86.83 87.90 38.80 39.60 90.30 * : 83.57 34.65 85.35 86.87 87.80 88.68 89.50 90.31 91.00 91.61 * * 86.09 87.03 88.02 88.93 89.68 90.42 91.14 91.82 92.39 [ 92.92 * : 87.79 88.59 89.50 90.27 90.95 91.59 92.22 : 92.84 93-35 93.30 - ` ' 88.90 89.67 90.43 91.16 91.79 92-39 92.96 I 93.50 93.9S 94.37 t : * - ! 81.55 83.29 84.16 85.24 86.28 87.20 88.13 l S9.0S 89.80 90.50 * : 84.17 85.25 86.37 87.37 33.26 89.07 89.87 < 90.57 ! 91.30 91.90 * * 1 86.55 87.53 88.47 89.38 90.13 90.82 91.52 ; 92.15 ; 92.72 j 93.22 " * i 88.32 39.11 89.93 90.68 91.35 91.95 92.55 : 93.IS ; 93.61 i 94.04 * j 89.56 90.2S 91.02 91.69 92.26 92.32 93.35 j 93.86 i 94.26 | 94.66 l 1t * * | 82.07 1 83.27 8,.S3 85.63 86.63 87.57 38.50 1 89-39 ! 90.11 ; 90.77 ` " I 84.63 85.67 86.73 87.73 88.57 89.39 90.19 : 90.93 : 91.57 | 92.16 87.10 37.98 38.90 89.74 90.47 91.13 91.81 92.45 , 92.97 ; 93.47 ` * 88.73 89.52 90.32 91.07 91.69 92.27 92.86 i 93.41 ! 93.87 ; 94.30 " * j 89.91 - 90.59 91.31 91.96 92.55 93.06 93.57 | 94.08 94.50 | 94.36 89.52 ^ * * ! 82.31 83.50 84.70 85.83 86.85 87.77 38.67 i 90.27 90.93 ` * i 85.10 86.10 87.15 38.09 88.91 89.68 90.45 1 91.18 ; 91.78 . 92.36 - * j 87.47 88.32 89.19 90.00 90.72 91.38 92.02 ! 92.67 ! 93.20 | 93.67 * * 89.04 89.81 90.61 91.33 92.93 92.50 93.08 - 93.61 ; 94.06 | 94.47 " " j 90.22 90.95 91.61 92.26 92.81 93.31 93.79 j 94.30 ; 94.67 | 95.02 S * 6 I * * ! 82.75 83.91 SS.ll 36.21 87.18 88.07 88.97 ! 89.84 ! 90.52 ! 91.19 14 41 85.37 86.32 87.37 88.27 89.11 39.88 90.65 . 91.37 ! 91.97 ; 92.52 2 87.81 88.65 89.S4 90.31 90.99 91.64 92.25 92.87 : 93.37 ! 93.83 24 41 89.41 90.13 90.90 91.59 92.18 92.76 93.27 - 93.81 94.25 94.65 3 * j 90.53 91.21 91.87 92.50 93.01 93.50 94.02 j 94.50 j 94.36 | 95.21 1 * * 1 83.28 84.37 85.53 86.58 87.53 88.39 89.29 ! 90.10 ; 90.77 1 91.40 14 * 85.77 86.79 87.77 88.67 89.50 90.21 90.93 ; 91.64 ' 92.21 ! 92.72 2 88.34 89.11 89.9S 90.68 91.36 91.97 92.60 ' 93.16 93.65 | 94.10 24 - * 89.87 90.59 91.32 92.00 92.56 93.09 93.60 > 94.10 ; 94.51 ; 94.88 3 " ` | 91.00 91.62 92.28 92.87 93.39 93.86 94.41 j 94.76 j 95.10 95.43 ________________ i_______ 1_______ 1 -J_______ 1 124 Nominal Pipe Size, inches Insulation thickness. inches' ' 1 Efficiency % IH 1* 72 2H * 3 It 3 1 1H 2 2H 3 * * 1 1H 92 d It 2H d 3 It * 1 1M If * 10 2 d 3 d It 1H 4t 12 2 ft 2M d 3 4 1H 4 14 2 4 2H d 3 4m iM d 16 2 3* IH 18 2 2H it 3 4 Temperature of pipe--de*. Fahr. 123 175 225 275 325 375 425 475 525 575 SO 83.S0 86.23 38.63 90.24 91.3? 83.93 86.47 88.91 90.50 91.57 84.05 86.63 89.11 90.69 91.77 85.03 86.95 89.31 90.89 91.98 87.11 89.53 91.17 92.23 Temperature difference between pipe and air--dee. Fahr. 100 150 200 | JS0 300 350 ; 400 450 i i !1 O** | 87.73 84.63 85.78 86.85 88.60 89.72 : 90.24 i 87.17 38.12 88.99 89.77 90.51 91.20 i 91.87 : 92.44 . 89.43 90.25 91.00 i 91.63 92.23 92.83 93.38 93.86 ` 90.93 91.62 92.27 | 92.81 93.32 93.8S < 94.32 ' 94.71 , 91.96 92.58 93.15 ; 93.63 94.09 94.53 ; 94.95; 95.31 j r- 500 91.53 92.98 94.27 95.08 95.62 84.99 87.40 89.67 91.13 92.20 85.12 87.53 89.85 91J6 92.37 85.99 87.81 90.05 91.53 92.55 86.11 88.37 90.45 91.82 92.77 87.13 1 88.03 89.23 ; 89.97 91.17 1 91.81 92.48 i 92.99 93.37 | 93.83 86.25 88.49 90.66 92.04 92.95 87.23 i 88.10 89.35 ! 90.09 9135 91.95 92.65 | 93.16 93.51 ; 93.97 87.05 88.12 ' 89.02 88.72 89.55 90.30 90.82 91.51 ! 92.11 92.20 ' 92.80 ; 93.30 93.17 93.70 ; 94.15 88.87 90.67 92.41 93.51 94.27 88.93 90.78 92.52 93.67 94.39 89.57 90.99 92.69 93.77 94.57 89.68 . 90.50 j 91.11 91.72 91.37 : 92.03 ; 92.57 93.10 92.97 : 93.52 i 93.97 . 94.37 93.99 ! 94.47 94.83 95.21 94.67 i 95.10 | 95.43 95.7S 1 89.75 ! 91.46 i 93.09 94.13 94.82 ) 90.52 : 92.15 ; 93.61 94.58 . 95.22 j 91.18 92.69 : 94.05 94.95 ' 95.55 ; 91.76 93.19 94.50 95.30 95.87 90.35 ! 91.64 93.21 ' 94.25 : 94.99 91.07 : 92.30 93.77 ' 94.72 i 95.37 j 92.03 ' 92.83 94.20 95.07 95.68 . 92.71 93.35 94.61 95.41 95.99 87.99 90.27 91.77 92.79 88.91 91.04 92.39 93.37 89.74 ! 90.50 91.70 1 92.31 92.97 ; 93.51 93.87 ; 94.31 91.15 92.86 93.95 94.72 91.78 ; 93.39 94.41 95.11 j 92.45 ; 93.91 . 94.86 ' 9S.52 J 92.96 94.33 : 95.22 , 95.8S: 93.43 94.72 95.55 96.13 87.25 89.67 91.22 92.35 88.13 90.41 91.86 92.88 89.0S 91.16 92.51 93.46 89.87 ! 90.58 91.35 . 92.46 93.09 ; 93.60 93.9S ; 94.41 91.25 92.99 94.06 94.81 91.39 1 92.55 ! 93.04 : 93.52 93.53 1 94.03 | 94.46 94.85 94.51 . 94.93 : 95.27 95.60 95.21 95.60 95.91 96.19 87.36 39.71 91.31 92.39 88.23 90.47 91.95 92.97 89.11 91.19 92.58 93.54 39.93 ` 90.63 91.90 . 92.49 93.16 93.68 94.06 ; 94.52 9U1 93.03 94.10 94.90 91.99 : 92.60 ' 93.11 ; 93.59 93.58 : 94.09 > 94.50 94.89 94.57 94.99 . 95.35 95.67 95.30 ; 95.67 : 95.97 96.25 87.46 89.76 91.47 92.48 88.33 90.52 92.09 93.08 89.23 91.30 92.69 93.61 90.06 90.76 91.98 . 92.56 93.29 93.75 94.15 ; 94.57 91.40 93.09 94.23 94.97 92.06 92.66 : 93.17 93.65 93.64 94.13 : 94.55 94.93 94.67 95.10 9S.44 95.75 95.37 ; 95.73 96.03 ; 96.33 Nominal Pipe Size v*i"r \iiyvm *rm 2W' 3* W 4 41// 5 6* Empty carton wt. 5 lbs. Packaging Information Carton Contents of Bestfelt Pipe Insulation Standard Thickness Feet Sections Gross Wt. per Carton. Lbs." 81 72 60 51 * 45 36 27 21 18 18 15 12 6 . 27 24 20 17 15 12 9 7 6 6 5 4 2 124 124 116 113 108 101 88 80 76 83 75 67 41 Outside dimensions of carton 14" s 20*// x 37". 12S Bestfelt Sheets and Blocks--Heat Losses, Surface Temperature, and Conductivity - HEAT LOSS * S.T.U. FE* SO. FT. OF SURFACE Ft* MOU* 100* 200* 300* TCMPUATUIt OF HOT SIOE Of INSULATION ("F> 400* 500* . Bestfelt Sheets and Blocks Bestfclt sheets and blocks, for the insulation of flat, curved and irregular surfaces, are avail* able in standard widths of 6", 9", 12", 13", 24", and 36". AH are 36" in length and thicknesses .ire y\", 1", 1V2". 2", 2V-:". 3", 3>A", and 4". The laminations ran the length of the block, allowing for greater flexibility and ease of application to curve surfaces. Weight of Bestfelt Block is ap proximately 3 lbs. per sq. ft. per inch of thickness. Recommended Thicknesses--Bestfelt Sheets and Blocks Steam Pressure or Condition Temp. Degrees F. Hot Water 0- 25 lbs. 25-100 lbs. 200-200 lbs. Low Superheat Superheat High Superheat 212 to 266 267 to 337 338 to 387 388 to 499 500 to 599 ___ 600 to 700 Thickness 1r 1 Vi 2* 2t/,' 3' 3- and 20' steam lines. All laps in the aslx'stos roofing jacket were smiled with weatherproof cement. 128 Air Cell Insulations Air cell insulations are recommended for use on steam, hot water lines, and other heated sur faces where temperatures do not exceed 300 F. Pipe covering and blocks are made of alternate layers of corrugated and Hat asbestos felt bonded together by a special laminating process. In air cell block insulation, the corrugated layers are crossed at right angles to give the block greater rigidity and durability. Air cell insulation is light in weight, rigid, and sufficiently strong for appli cations where service conditions are not severe. Air cel! insulation is available in three types: air cell, fine corrugated air cell, and special fine air cell. The difference in the three types lies in the number of layers of corrugated asbestos felt used per inch of thickness. The greater the num ber of corrugations per inch, the higher is the strength and insulating efficiency of the product. Air Cell Pipe Insulation (Four Plies per Inch) Air cell pipe insulation is furnished in stand ard thicknesses of 4 plies, each ply being approxi mately thick. Greater thicknesses will be furnished when requested. Pipe covering sec tions are three feet long and are shipped com plete with canvas jacket and lacquered bands for application to ail standard sizes of pipes. Temperature Range Up to 170 Up to 212 222-300 Recommended Thicknesses--Air Cell Pipe Insulation Description Hot water, condensate return lines, etc. Hot water, boiler feed water supply, etc. Low pressure steam j ! ; j Wim and smaller *T-3 ply K"-3 ply 1' -4 ply 2" to 4' W-3 ply 1' -3 ply r -4 ply 4i/j" and over ply ply i* -* ply Efficiencies of Air Cell Pipe Insulation Nominal Pipe size, inches Number ol plies Tempimature difl erence bet'een pipe and surrou iding air, * F. SO 100* iso'- 200 250* 300 Temp rrature of 1'ip. *F. ( remperature of aurro unding air, 75) 125 175 225 275* 325* 375 Vi V* l W* m 2 m % y/2 4 *V3 s 6 7 8 9` 10 2 3 4 2 3 .4 2' 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4* 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 Efficiencies %... M %... m %... M %... m n... H %... *1 %... M %... H %... *4 %... M %... * %... M %... 44 %... * %... *4 4 44 %... %... %... H %... %... 44 %... 44 %... H %... 44 %... 44 %... 44 %... #4 %... 44 %... 44 %... 44 %... 44 %... 44 %... 44 %... 44 44 %... 44 %... ..... %... 4 %... 44 %... 44 %... 44 %... 44 %... 44 %... 4 %... 4 %... *4 %... 44 %... 44 %... 44 %... 44 %... 44 %... 49.5 543 58.0 536 58.2 62.0 57.3 62.2 65.7 S9.9 64.0 68.6 61.4 66.3 70.1 63.4 68.6 72.1 64.3 70.0 73.6 66.0 71.3 74.9 66.6 72.0 75.6 67.1 72.7 763 67.7 73.1 76.7 68.0 73.5 77.2 68.6 74.3 77.8 69.1 74.6 783 69.4 75.0 78.6 69.7 75.2 78.9 69.9 75.5 79.2 51.1 56.0 '59.6 54.9 59.6 63.4 58.3 63.5 67.0 61.1 66.2 69.9 62.9 67.2 71.2 64.4 69.6 73.2 65.7 71.0 74.6 66.8 72.3 75.9 67.4 73.0 76.5 67.9 73.5 77.1 68.3 74.0 77.6 68.7 74.4 78.0 69.4 74.9 78.6 69.7 75.4 79.0 70.0 75.8 79.4 70.2 75.9 79.7 70.4 76.1 79.9 * 128 533 583 61.7 57.1 61.9 65.1 60.2 63.6 68.7 62.9 67.9 71.4 . 64.2 69.2 72.9 65.9 71.1 74.5 67.2 72.4 75.9 68.1 73.6 77.0 68.7 74.2 77.7 69.2 74.8 78.2 69.6 75.2 78.7 70.0 75.6 79.1 70.5 76.2 79.7 70.9 76.6 80.1 71.2 76.9 80.5 713 77.0 80.7 71.5 773 81.0 55.2 603 63.6 58.5 63.7 66.9 61.7 66.8 70.2 64.0 69.5 72.8 653 70.8 74.1 67.0 72.4 75.7 68.2 73.6 77.0 693 74.8 78.2 69.9 75.4 78.3 703 7S.9 793 70.6 763 79.7 71.0 76.7 80.1 71.5 77.0 80.6 71.8 77.5 31.0 72.1 77.9 813 723 78.0 81.6 72.5 78.2 81.3 56.9 62.1 65.4 60.1 65.0 68.4 62.9 683 71.7 64.2 70.8 73.9 66.2 71.9 753 67.9 73.6 76.9 69.2 74.8 78.0 703 75.7 79.1 70.8 763 79.8 713 76.3 80.2 71.6 77.2 80.6 72.0 77.6 81.1 72.4 78.0 81.5 72.7 78.4 31.9 73.2 78.7 82.1 73.6 79.0 823 73.8 79.1 82.5 58.2 63.4 663 61.9 67.0 69.8 64.5 69.7 72.6 66.0 72.2 75.1 67.9 73.2 76.2 69.3 75.1 78.2 71.1 76.1 79.0 72.1 77.1 80.2 72.7 78.0 80.8 73.2 78.4 313 73.8 78.9 81.7 74.2 79.2 82.1 74.6 79.8 32.5 74.9 803 83.0 753 80.5 83.4 75.6 80.9 83.7 7S.8 81.1 83.9 Nominal Pipe Sixe Packaging Information--Air Cell Pipe Insulation Carton Contents ----------- 1----------- Three Ply (Per Carton) Four Ply (Per Carton) . Ft Sec. Gross Wt lbs. Ft Sec. Gross Wt lbs. Vi y*r r W 2" w 3" * 3%" * 4" * 5" 6" * 8" **10" 180 60 165 55 136 46 108 36 96 32 72 24 54 18 45 15 51 17 45 IS 33 11 21 7 15 5 12 4 61 64 64 59 57 50 43 " 43 52 52 46 36 33 . 33 132 120 96 81 72 54 45 36 42 33 21 13 12 9 44 40 32 27 24 18 15 12 14 11 7 6 4 3 66 65 60 57 56 so 47 44 56 49 38 39 33 31 '"Shipped knocked down. Empty carton weighted lbs. Outside dimensions of carton 15" x 27%' x 36%". Simplex "Super Shrunk" Pipe Insulation This pipe insulation is identical to four-ply air cell, except that instead of a pasted canvas outer jacket it is supplied with an outer casing of white asbestos felt This outer felt is specially processed to produce a water repellent surface. It can be readily painted and easily cleaned with a damp doth. Super shrunk pipe insulation is furnished in three-ply and four-ply only ami is shipped complete with bands and fasteners. Efficiencies for Simplex Pipe Insulation are the same as those given for Air Cell Pipe Insula tion on Page 12S. Packaging Information--Simplex Pipe Insulation Carton Contents Nominal Pipe Sizes Three Ply (Per Carton) Ft See. Gross Wt lb*. Four Ply (Per Carton) Ft See. Gross Wt. lbs. w l" 1%' m9 2" w 3' 3%' 4* 5" 6" 8" 180 165 138 103 96 72 54 45 36 27 21 18 12 Empty earton weight--6 lbs. . 60 55 46 36 32 24 13 IS 12 9 7 6 4 61 64 64 59 57 49 44 44 39 33 32 32 28 129 132 44 120 40 96 . 32 81 27 72 24 54 18 45 IS 36 12 27 9 24 8 ts 5 15 5 66 65 60 57 56 so 47 44 38 37 29 33 -- Outside dimensions of carton 15" x 2?%" x 36%". Fine Corrugated Air Cell Pipe Insulation The greater .strength of fine corrugated air cell pipe covering makes it specially suited for in sulating medium and low pressure steam and hot water lines subject to excessive vibration. This sturdy material is unaffected by rough usage and can be removed and replaced many times without damage or loss of insulating properties. Fine corrugated air cell is furnished in stand ard thickness of 4 and 6 plies, and each ply is approximately thick. Greater thicknesses will be furnished when requested. Pipe covering sec tions are 3 feet long complete with canvas jacket and brass lacquered bands for application on all standard sizes of pipe. Photograph shows part of the steam heating system at the U. S. Veterans' Hospital at Ft. Custer. Michigan. Fine corrugated Air Ceil Covering was applied, then finished with a 4-07- rewrupped canvas jacket sized and painted with lead and oil paint. Metal hands were then applied. Thickness 4 Ply 6 Ply Approx. Net Weights in Pounds per Standard 3 Foot Section * Nominal Pipe Sizes, Inches HH 1 m 1M 2 2 H 3 3H 4 5 6 0.93 1.07 1.22 1.44 1.5S 1.86 2.16 2.53 2.81 | 3.12 3.75 4.43 1.61 1.81 2.04 2.35 2.52 2.94 3.39 3.92 4.35 | 4.78 5.69 6.65 Special Fine Corrugated Air Cell Pipe Insulation Special fine corrugated air cell insulation, con structed with S plies per inch, provides high me chanical strength, greater efficiency with mini mum heat loss for temperatures up to 300 F. Be cause it will witiistand rougher handling and more severe service conditions, this covering is widely used in place of regular air cell in indus trial applications for insulation of medium and low pressure steam and hot water lines. Special fine corrugated air cell is furnished in thicknesses of 4, 6, and S plies. Each ply is ap proximately y/' thick. Greater thicknesses can be supplied on special order. Individual pipe covering sections are 3' long and are shipped complete with canvas jackets and brass lacquered bands, for application. Air Cell Sheets and Blocks Air cell sheets and blocks are used for the in sulation of low pressure boilers, feed water heaters, dry kilns, warm air ducts, boiler room ceilings, partitions, ovens, and stoves operating at medium and low temperatures. Sheets and blocks are furnished in standard 6", 9", 12", IS". 36", and 72" lengths. They are 36" wide and thicknesses range from Vi" to 4". Other sizes ami thicknesses can be specially or dered. Each corrugated ply of the material is a full V.\" thick. Air cell sheets and blocks weigh approximately 1 lb. per sq. ft. per 1" thickness. 130 Heat Losses and Efficiencies of Air Cel! Sheets and Blocks Thickness ,, of insulation, ' inches Temperature difference between hot surface and surrounding air. Deg. F. 50* 100a ISO' 300* 250* Temperature of hot surface (Temperature of surrounding air, 751 F.) 125* 175* 225* 275* 325* Heat losses per square foot of bare surface per hour: and Efficiencies of insulation 0 Bare surface loss, B.t.u. 97.5 215.2 360.0 533.0 737.8 1 Efficiency %............... .. 79.35 80.89 81.13 81*37 81.80 Wi ** %................. 55.62 - 86.21 36.40 86.55 86.80 2 - %................. 88.74 39.23 89.29 89.47 89.68 2'/a - %.................. 90.74 ~ 9109 91.14 9133 91.52 3 - %................. 92.17 92.41 92.50 92.66 92.74 m " %................. 93.19 93.40 93.49 93.62 93.71 4 ** %................. 94.05 94.20 94.25 94.34 94.43 JL. _ Fine Corrugated Air Cell Sheets and Blocks These sheets and blocks are mechanically stronger and possess higher insulating efficiency than the ordinary four-ply air cell material. They are furnished in standard 6", 9", 12", 18", 30", and 72" lengths and in 36" widtlis, in thicknesses of Ms", 1", IVi*", 2", 2W", 3", 3Vi", and 4". Other sizes and thicknesses can be fur nished on request. Each ply is a full i*" thick. Fine corrugated air cell sheets and blocks weigh approximately 1.3 lbs. per $q. ft. per 1" thickness. Heat Losses and Efficiencies of Fine Corrugated Air Cell Sheets and Blocks Thickness of insulation, inches Temperature difference between hot surface and surrounding air. Deg. F. 50* 100J 150* 200* 250" Temperature of hot surface (Temperature of surrounding air. 75" F.) 125* 175* 225* 275_" 325" Heat leases per square foot of bare surface per hour; and Efficiencies of insulation 0 Bare surface loss, 3-t.u. 97.5 215.2 360.0 533.0 737.8 1 Efficiency %................. 80.87 81.96 82.59 83.10 83.31 W2 44 %........... v 86J8 87.00 87.50 87.88 88.32 2 44 %................. 89.29 89.84 90.19 90.54 90.88 m 44 %................. 91.19 91.63 91.94 92.21 92.51 3 44 %................. 92.44 92.88 93.15 93.43 93.60 m 44 %................. 93.53 93.32 94.05 94.27 94.45 4 u %................. 94.44 94.56 94.75 94.93 95.08 131 Packaging Information--Carton Contents Air Ceil and Fine Corrugated Air Cell Sheets and Blocks Size of Sheets and Blocks `/a"-3 %"-3 Thickness inches---Ply l*-4 l*-6 iv;'-5 *l*/j--6 U/j*-9 M%*-7 2*-8 *2*-12 Number of Sheets or Blocks per Carton ' 36* x 36* 12' x 36* 6* x 36* 23 IS 12 9 8 7 6 69 45 36 27 24 21 18 136 90 72 54 48 42 36 Sq. Feet per Carton 207 135 108 . 82 72 63 " 54 Air Cell Sheets and Blocks. Fine Corrugated Air Cell Sheets and Blocks. Gross Weight approx.--SO lbs. per carton for Air Cell Sheets and Blocks. Gross Weight approx.--110 lbs. per carton for Fine Corrugated Air Cell Sheets and Blocks. Empty Carton weight--5 lb*. Outside Dimensions of Carton--36% * x 36%" * 13*. Special Fine Corrugated Air Cell Sheets and Blocks Special fine corrugated air cell sheets and blocks possess high mechanical strength and insulating efficiency. -They are furnished in standard thicknesses of 9, 12, IS, 36, and 72" lengths and in 36" widths. Thicknesses are 4-ply, 6*ply, and S-ply. Each ply is approximately Vs" thick, Other sizes and thicknesses of Air Cell Sheets and Blocks can be supplied on special order. Two layers of Air Cell Board, each 1" thick were used to insulate these hot water con verters. Finishing cement then was trowelled on over hexagonal wire inesh. 132 Ouplcx Pipe Insulation is adaptable for the in sulation of either hot or cold water service lines. Its top temperature limit is 212 F. This material is composed of a special interliner of saturated felt impregnated with waterproofmg compound, followed by a continuous wrapping of specially creped felt. An outer wrapping of asbestos paper is then applied over the felt and the covering is finished with a canvas jacket. When applied to the line, it has a white appearance similar to magnesia and air cell pipe covering. Single layer Duplex Pipe Insulation is manufactured in 3 feet long sections in thicknesses of and 1". It is supplied complete with canvas jacket and the necessary lacquered bands for application. Double layer Duplex Pipe Insulation is manu factured in two layers of equal thickness to a total thickness of I", l'//', and 2". Duplex Pipe Insulation is furnished with a canvas jacket and necessary bands for application. Heat Transmission Through Duplex BTU's per sq. ft. of pipe surface/hr./degree F. temperature difference between pipe and surrounding air Pipe Inches `/j' H* r w i" 2`/,' 3" w 4* 4`/*' s" 4' Thickness of Covering Inches 1>/3 y* 1 .776 .719 .670 .633 .610 .581 .561 .545 .535 .527 .520 .514 .505 .658 .605 .556 .516 .495 .469 .448 .430 .420 .412 .405 .399 .389 l ; | ; j 1 | ! ! : .585 .530 .483 .446 .424 .398 378 .361 350 .343 336 331 321 .495 .444 398 362 343 316 .298 .281 .271 .264 .257 .251 .243 Packaging Information--Carton Contents Duplex Pipe Insulation Nominal Pipe Sire `/s' y*r \m lVi' mm r w 3' W y7" Thick Cross Ft. Sec. Wt. lbs. 180 60 ISO 50 123 41 96 32 84 28 60 20 45 IS 36 12 27 9 68 63 63 59 56 49 44 42 36 Ft. 114 96 84 69 60 45 36 27 31 Note--Double " thickness not stocked. Shipped in cratch Empty carton weight--5 lbs. H' Thick* Sec. Cross Wt. tbs. 38 74 32 73 28 73 23 70 20 66 IS 59 12 55 9 49 7 43 1" Si Double Vi" Thick Gross Ft. Sec. Wt. lbs. 81 27 31 72 24 81 60 20 76 51 17 75 45 15 71 36 12 67 27 9 59 21 7 53 18 6 51 Outside dimensions of carton 14" x 20` j' * 36>i'. 133 Non-Frost Pipe Insulation N on-Frost Pipe Insulation is applied to retard freezing in cold water and drain pipSs in un heated rooms or where they are exposed to out side temperatures under normal conditions. Tins insulation is constructed of layers of hair felt covered with several layers of paper felt and lined with a layer of specially treated paper felt to prevent the hair felt from coming in direct contact with the pipe surface. The hair felt because of its excellent insulating properties, is used to retard the escape of heat from the water in the pipes to the colder surrounding air. The paper felt jacket and the inner layer of treated paper felt protects the hair felt from infiltration of moisture that would impair its insu lating efficiency. Non-Frost Pipe Insulation should be used only on cold water pipes that are exposed to moderate rather than extremely low temperatures, or where the time that the surrounding air would be below the freezing point is of short duration. When Non-Frost Pipe Insulation is applied to outdoor piping, special provisions must be made for weatherproofing and protecting it. Pipe covering is furnished in 3' sections, with canvas jacket and brass lacquered bands for application. It is manufactured in one thickness, for all pipe sizes from Vb" up. Heat Transmission of Non-Frost Pipe Insulation Heat Transmission of Non-Frost Pipe Covering (IIS' thick) in B. T. U. per hour, per defi. F. temperature dif ference between pipe and air. (Based on SO' temperature difference--between pipe and surrounding air.) Pipe Size 1* w m* 2' W 3" 3VT r4' 6' Per lin. ft. .133 .151 .170 .196 .211 .249 .284 .330 366 .400 .435 .472 .550 Packaging Information--Carton Contents Nominal Pipe Size Ft Sec. Cross Wt. lbs. Vx" H" r ij/4m" 2' w 3" 3V,' 4' 63 21 54 18 45 15 42 14 36 12 33 n 24 8 18 6 18 6 12 89 85 79 84 77 82 69 59 65 49 Empty carton weight--5 lbs. Outside dimensions of carton 14' x JOVj" x 36l/j*. 134 on-Sweat Pipe Insulation is a combination of insulating and waterproofing felts used to pre vent condensation on cold water lines. The in sulating felts protect the flow of heat to the pipe. The waterproofing felt protects the insulation from the moisture in the air. Non-Sweat Pipe Insulation is furnished in single and double layer construction. Single layer Non-Sweat is made in thicknesses of and *4". Double layer is made in thicknesses of I", l1'*:", 2". The illustration on this page shows double layer or broken joint construction used in thicknesses of 1" and over. This.construc- tion eliminates the longitudinal and abutting joints that in ordinary pipe covering extend from the outside of the covering to the pipe. Recommended Thicknesses-- Non-Sweat Pipe Insulation Air Temperature under 100 deg F. Pipe Temp. Deg. F. Over SO Over SO 32 to SO . Humidity Range, % Under 75 75 to SO Under 75 Thickness of Thickness Non-Sweat of Hair Felt on Pipes on Fitting t/3--r r-u/,* r-n/j Insulation Pipe size, inches x H 1 XU 1 Vi ` 3 2K 3 3X 4 Heat Transmission Through Non-Sweat Pipe Insulation Rates of heat transmission are given in B.t.u. per hour, per deg. F. temperature difference, per linear foot and per square foot of pipe surface. !*$' thick *4' thick 1* thick ^ 1H' thick B.t.u. per iin. ft. B.t-u. per sq. ft. B.t.u. per lin. ft. B.t.u. per sq. ft. B.t.u. per lin. ft. B.t.u. per sq. ft. B.t.u. ' B.t.u. per per lin. ft. sq. ft. .213 .245 .236 .338 .374 .443 .518 .611 .685 .757 .963 .891 .830 .777 .751 .713 .688 .666 .655 .643 .185 .212 .243 .284 .312 .367 .425 .497 .553 .611 .841 .770 .706 .653 .627 .591 .564 .542 .528 .518 .167 .189 .21S .249 .272 .318 .364 .423 .468 .515 .758 .687 .625 .572 .546 .512 .484 .462 .447 .437 .143 .160 .180 .206 .223 .257 .292 .337 .369 .404 .649 .581 .523 .473 .448 .413 .388 .367 .353 .343 r thick B.t.u. per lin. ft. B.t.u. per sq. ft. .128 .142 .158 .180 .194 .221 .249 .284 .311 .338 .581 .515 .460 .413 .389 .356 .331 .310 III .287 135 Packaging Information--Non-Sweat Pipe Insulation . Carton Contents f ' " * V\ Thick H" Thick* r & Double Vi" Thick Pipe Sise Hy* r m* w 2* 2VS 3" 3*/*' J. Ft, 180 150 123 96 84 60 45 36 2? Gross Sec. Wt lbs. Ft. Oross See V-t. lbs. ' Ft. 60 68 114 38 74 81 50 63 96 32 72 - 72 41 63 84 28 73 60 32 59 69 23 70 51 28 56 60 20 66 45 20 49 45 15 59 36 15 44 36 12 55 27 12 42 27 . 9 49 21 9 36 21 7 43 18 Gross Sec. Wt. lbs. 27 81 24 31 20 76 17 75 15 71 12 67 9 59 7 53 6 51 Note--Double Y*" thickness not stocked. Shipped in crates. _ Approximate Net Weights of Pipe Insulations (Pounds Per Three Foot Section) Type of Insulation 35 ft MiiaaU 85% Magnesia 45% Magnesia IS4 Mipwia U% Migaetie Thick- Nominal Pipe Sim, Inches ana Inches X* X* 1* IX* IX* 3* IX* i 3* 3X* 4* 4X* 3* I6* ** ! io9* 12* 1 ! 10.03' 11.08 ! 13.43! 18.70 Std. 149 148 1.78 2.07 2.31 3.20 3.66 4.23 4.68 3.69 6.19 6.73 ' 7.37 11242 IX 3.1S 340: 344 444 446 3.34 5.9t 6.72 7.38! 8,041 8.70l 9.43 10.94 ! 12.26 13.39 ! 15.08 ! 16.39 13.70 2 . 3.10 344 3.90 6.62 6.97 745 8.71 941 10.69- 11.37! 12.43 13.44 13.4! i 17.17 18.93 1 20.88 [22.63 23.30 DM. Std. 3.33 3.18 6.40 6.32 7.14 6.78 9.74 110.70 '13.83 13.05 17.02! 13.93 19.19 j 22.62 24.80 3 10.34 10.04 12.03 13.43 1340 14.S6 14.38 17.69 1648 2044 1941 1 22.83 23.31 j 28.92 Hy-Tetap Hy-Temp Air Cell Air Ceil IH 2 3 Ply 4 Ply 3.61 9.01 .93 147 6.17 6.78 7.63 8.09 9.63 8.61 12.04 1047 14.40 1244 : 16.51 1913 21.43 23.77 25.20 30.00 9.76 1047 11.71 1341 14.64> 13.60 17.34 16.07 20.61 18.62 24.46 j 27.05 30.14 33.24 38.02 41.21 L . 1 1.03 1.26 1.47 148 1.79 2.10 242 3.73 3.03 346 3.68' 441 4.33 5.46 6.09 6.72 1.47 1.68 149 2.10 3.43 2.73 3.13 3.37 3.89 4.20 4.63 5.46 6.09 6.83 7.67 8.30 7.38 9.77 Ptne Corrugated Fine Corrugated 4 Ply Ply Special Fine Corrugated Special Fiaa Corrugated 1 6 Ply S Ply .93 1.07 1.22 1.44 145 1.86 2.16 3.53 341 3.13 3.41 3.73 4.43 1.61 1.81 3.04 343 342 2.94 349 3.92 445 4.78 3.20 3.69 6.63 . 143 1.34 1.73 2.06 2.23 2.63 3.06 3.33 3.96 447 4.71 3.23 6.14 6.97 7.79 8.77 9.59 11.24 1.97 241 3.60 3.02 * 3.7$ 444 3.00 544 6.13 7.25 3.53 10.71 13.07 Batfdt Non.Sweat NonS*eat Non-Sweat Non-Sureat Duple* Duple* Duple* Duple* No*.?roet l a Hi X 1 X Std. <1*) 449 1.3S 3.73 4.36 6.09 1.03 1.81 3.81 348 4.01 4.94 3.17 4.79 8.88 1.16 3.10 3.17 3.88 4.46 344 648 6.83 8.04 9.32 10.67 1X40 12.98 14.07 13.44 18.14 20.431 22.74 1 25.49 23rM 32.55 ____!______ u. 246 2.77 3.93 4.60 3.19 3.73 3.61 4.24 4.60 3.44 640 741 | 3.19 9.07 3.40 6.20 6.64 7.77 6.93 H0.39 ;n.4S: 1147 9.77 11.03 11.70 13.44 13.13 17.22 ;i8.90{ 20.38 j1 | 10.33 12.75 1449 16.17 I8.I0! 19.80 14.97 17.60 19.87' 22.03 24.74 127.03 34.19 j 27.97j31.50;34.36 38.64 [42.00 1.41 3.43 3.57 6.49 4.94 1.70 241 4.13 743 5.67 1.83 3.03 4.43 7.79 j 1 6.031 | 1 2.31 2.601 3.05 j 3.43 3.80 3491 4.17 ` 4.86] S.43i 6.01 S.J7 3.931 646f 7.62. 3.37 8.93: io.ot; 11.39 | 13.601 13.71 i i1 7.94 j 9.03i 6.98 | | 11 9.96 _____ l 10.93 4.1S 4.6.' 3.461 6.56 743 3.48< 9.07 10.03- 11.72! 16*21. 13.691 1 1 1 6.41 | 10.73 1 14.73 1 1 | 136 Mineral Wool Blankets ^/lineral Wool Blankets are suitable for insula tion of hot surfaces up to 1200 F. These blankets are made by felting high temperature and mois ture resistant insulating wool in large flat sheets between various styles of metal fabrics. These blankets are flexible, and can be ap plied to equipment having curved or irregular surfaces at minimum cost. Mineral Wool Blankets are manufactured in standard sizes of 2 x 4 feet and 2x3 feet and in thicknesses of 1" to 8". Special sizes can be made upon request. Standard stvles of Mineral Wool Blankets are: Style Description 1 1" wire mesh both sides 2 1" wire mesh and stucco lath 2-A lw wire mesh and expanded metal lath 3 Stucco lath both sides 3-A Expanded metal lath l>oth sides 3-B Stucco lath one side--expanded metal lath other side 4 Stucco lath and ribbed lath (rib turned in) 4-A Stucco lath and %" ribbed lath (rib turned out) 5 Stucco lath and ribbed lath (rib turned in) 5-A Stucco lath and ribbed lath (rib turned put) 6 %" ribbed lath both sides * (rib turned in) Conductivity vs Mean Temperature Mineral Wool Blanket j nr1.00 .90 I .80 u JO i!it .60 .50 1 I1 J__, TT 11 l 1 rr ' | T J* } 1i 1 1 LTLlI -It |' ii !; TT 1 ! 1 ! i. 1 11 ! 1 Trr i! i 1 1 1 1 11 I i! !i i ; iTT1tTrr m Li_i. !: 1: ) TT ~r :f 1 i |1 1 _L L : LT TT 1{ > i_i t "T. Ti , . ,, :p <. 1r | .40 1 =1 30 m .20 i ( l 1 !t 1* -J, m > 1 ! I 1 TTT I1i 1 1 ' 1 1 | S ftWANtiL-- H t . 1 :, i i ;T 1 !I1 1!1 _L_ . 111 .- ) . i 1 ` - t >- 1 ( = .10 _L ti 1 | -LL7i_ ! 1i i 1 1 1 111 : TT |! (1 i!. ,ii 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 MIAN TtMPftATVK 0CCIR$ FAMtfNHClT MTWUN INNfR ANO OUT*! SUAFACI5 137 Surface Temperatures and Heat Loss for Mineral Wool Blanket Insulation 500 HI AT LOSS &.T.U. Ft* SO. FT. Ft* H*. 400 300 200 100 0 O3 o 3 5 Heat Loss Chart--To determine the surface tem perature of a given thickness of Blanket, read the chart as follows: Under table of recommended thicknesses, a 3-in. Blanket is suggested for equipment having a hot surface temperature of 800 F. Therefore follow vertically from the 800 F. point until that line intercepts the 3-in. curve. At that point, follow in a horizontal line to the left until it intercepts the margin, and it will be seen that at that point the figure is 138. which is the temperature in . degrees Fahrenheit of the cold surface on the outside of the mineral wool blanket Similarly, to determine the heat loss for a given condition, refer again to the example on the chart: Follow vertically from the S00 F. mark, to an intersection with the 3-in. curve. From that point, follow horizontally to the right until intercepting the heat loss curve. At this point, go vertically to the upper margin which is calibrated in terms of b.t.u. heat loss, and it will be seen that the heat loss for this particular condition is 95 b.t.u. per s<j. ft. per hour. 138 Hair Felt Insulation (Navy Standard) ilair Felt is composed of 100% selected cattle hair processed into roll blankets. The primary use of hair felt insulation is to prevent water pipes from freezing. This material is used in a specified number of built-up layers of 1" thicknesses, bound in place on the pipe with heavy jute twine and protected on the outer surface with a weatherproof jacket. Hair Felt is furnished in standard rolls of 3' x 100', 3' x 50', 6' x 50', and 9' x 50' in the thick- ` nesses and weights shown in the table below: certain amount of circulation. With no circula tion, if the air remains at low temperature for only a short period of time freezing can be pre vented by the insulation. The table on Page 140 gives rates of heat trans mission through 2 layer, 3 layer, and 4 layer built-up hair felt insulation on pipes from Vi" to 12" in diameter. Thicknesses VC VC VC i" i VC 2" Approx, weight Approx, weight per sq. ft. per jOO sq. ft roll 4 ox. 6*4 ox. 8Vt ox. 11 ox. lSt/3 ox. 16 ox. 21 ox. 73 lbs. 120 lbs. 160 lbs. 210 lbs. 233 lbs. 300 lbs. 393 lbs. It must be remembered that no insulation, regardless of thickness or effectiveness, will prevent water in pipes from freezing where in sufficient circulation of water exists, or where the outside temperature remains sufficiently low for any appreciable length of time. Insulation will retard freezing of water in pipes if there is a Kitting* on the lino supplying c old water to this hot water generator are insulated with built-up hair felt. N'onSweat i'ipt* Covering was list'd on straight pipe run. 139 Nominal pipe size inches Vi 1 l Vi 2 3 4 S 6 8 10 12 Data on Freezing of Water in Pipes Insulation. No. of layers each l in. thick B.T.U. per dec. F. temp. diff. per hour - per lin. ft. Hours to cool to freezing point Lb. water How per hr. per lin. ft. to prevent freezing 2 .0895 .417 .537 3 .0747 .500 .448 4 .0660 .565 .396 2 3 4 .1125 .0911 .0798 .825 1.02 1.16 .675 .548 .480 2 .1400 1.40 .840 3 .1126 . 1.74 .676 4 .0972 . 2.02 .583 2 .1586 1.94 .952 3 .1244 2.48 .747 4 .1063 2.90 .638 2 .2062 3.25 1.237 3 .1572 4.27 .943 4 .1322 5.08 .793 2 .2450 4.55 1.470 3 .1850 6.02 1.110 4 .1548 7.20 .929 2 .2887 3 J146 4 .1764 5.92 7.96 9.69 1.733 1.289 1.059 2 .3302 3 .2434 4 .1984 7-3S 9.88 12.20 2.981 1.460 1.191 2 34 .4100 .2960 .2390 10.05 13.90 17.25 2.460 1.776 1.434 2 .4930 13.00 2.960 3 .3536 18.20 2.122 4 J830 22.70 1.698 2 .5720 15.80 3.432 \ 3 .4090 22.20 2.454 4 .3222 28.10 1.933 Figures are given to show the time required for the water in a pipe to cool 10 F. from 42 to 32 F., but a difference in temperature be tween water and air at 60 F., which would correspond to an air temperature of 18 below zero. Water should not be allowed to remain in the pipes without circulation for longer than the time mentioned. The last column of figures in the table indi cates the minimum amount of water that should be supplied per hour at 42 F., per each lineal foot of pipe in order to prevent the temperature of the water from dropping to the freezing point. As a safety factor to provide against temporary reduction of flow due to lower pressure or other causes, the rate of flow should be at least double that given in the table. Figures on time and flow apply only to the given conditions. For example, if water enters the pipes at 52 F., instead of 42 F. it will take double the given time to cool the water to the freezing point and,only half the amount of water will be re quired to circulate to prevent freezing. On the other hand, if water enters at 33 F. it will be cooled to 32 F. in V1{J the time given in the table and 10 times as much water will have to be circulated to prevent freezing. The times shown in the tabic are those re quired to lower the water to the freezing point. Actually, longer times would be required to freeze all the water in the pipes, but ouce the water starts to freeze the danger point has been reached. If frozen at only one point, flow will be stopped and the entire line endangered. If the water remains without circulation longer than the safe time indicated, the only positive way to protect the line is to provide a small steam or hot water line along side the cold water line and then apply insulation so that it entirely surrounds both lines. 140 Insulating Cements and Finishes / Insulating cements are used as insulation and as finishes. They are applied as insulation to fittings too small to be insulated with blocks, and on irregular surfaces or inaccessible surfaces that cannot be practically covered with pipe insula tion or blocks. Insulating cements, like other heat insulating materials, have top temperature limits at which they may he expected to perform efficiently. Other important physical charac teristics that must bo considered in the choice of a cement are outlined under the descriptive ma terial on each cement. Hy-Temp Cement This cement is similar in composition to Hy- temp insulation in powder form and can be used on surfaces up to temperatures of 1900 F. It is recommended for use on irregular or small surfaces where the application of Ily-temp blocks or pipe insulation is impractical, and for pointing up of Hy-temp block and pipe insulation applica tions. Because of its relatively porous nature, Hy-temp cement is not recommended as a finish ing cement. No. 152 Asbestos Cement Tliis is an inexpensive, high-grade insulating cement made of asbestos fillers and binding ma terials. It may be applied to hot surfaces Up to 600 F. .\s a finishing cement, it produces a hard, durable and smooth finish. This is a natural colored cement which dries to a very light gray shade. Where extra hard finish is required. Port land Cement may be added to No. 152 Asbestos Cement, mixing three parts asbestos cement and one part Portland Cement bv weight. No. 152 Asbestos Cement is also used for roughing in. 85% Magnesia Cement This cement is similar in composition to $5% Magnesia Pipe Covering and Block Insulation but it is made in powder form. Efficiency of 85% Magnesia Cement is higher than that of any other plastic insulation. It is also extremely light in weight. The cement may he used on heated surfaces up to fl00 F. This cement is not ordinarily used as a finish ing cement. Usually a layer of asbestos cement is used over S5% Magnesia Cement as a finish. When an extra hard finish is required, Portland HI Cement is added to the asbestos cement. (See "No. 152 Asbestos Cement.") Amblerex No. 2 Cement Tin's insulating cement is particularly recom mended for roughing in. It is composed of as bestos fibers, 8Sr/v Magnesia, and binders. It is ideal for use on fittings, irregular surfaces, and other places where highly efficient insulation is desired at a cost that is considerably below that of 85> Magnesia Cement. It may be used for temperatures up to 1000 F. Mineral Wool Cement Mineral Wool Cement is a plastic insulation made of heat resisting mineral wool combined with asbestos fiber and special clays. It will with stand temperatures up to 1800 F. It can be reclaimed if the temperatures have not exceeded 1200 F. It is an ideal plastic insulation for in sulating surfaces not suited to preformed types of insulation. . Power House Cement Power House Cement is manufactured by the Baldwin Ilill Company and is a hydraulic setting mineral wool cement. It is both a finishing and an insulating cement. It has exceptionally low shrinkage and can be applied in one coat without cracking. Due to its high adhesive strength it can he installed without wire reinforcement. Fibrous Adhesive Fibrous Adhesive is a-plastic material for use as an adhesive to temporarily hold in place in sulation sheets, blocks, and segmental covering until permanent outer binding support is com pleted. This material is of thin trowelling con sistency and is recommended for use where in sulation is applied to brick, concrete, metal, or other surfaces. It is also used for binding insulat ing blocks together in multiple layer construc tion. 'Fibrous Adhesive is applied to the surface of the insulation and then pressed in place against the surface to be insulated. A spotting of the adhesive on the materia] is generally sufficient for this purpose. It is necessary to remove all paint on surfaces to be insulated before applying insulation and fibrous adhesive. Otherwise the insulation will loosen after the adhesive dries out. The surface also must be clean, dry, and free of grease. Fibrous Adhesive is furnished ready for use in 75 lb., 175 lb., 350 Ib.? and 800 lb. metal drums. Covering capacity is os follows: 1. Insulation against metal surfaces--50 lbs. per 100 sq. ft. of surface. 2. Insulation against masonry surfaces--75 lbs. per 100 sq. ft. of surface. Insulating Cement Data Product Use Type Temperature Limit 152 Asbestos Hy-Temp Finishing Insulating 85% Magnesia Amblerex No. 2 Insulating Insulating Mineral Wool Insulating Power House Insulating and Finishing Asbestos Diatomaeeous Earth 85% Magnesia AsbestosMagnesia Mineral Wool Hydraulic Setting Mineral Wool 1000* 1900* 600* 600* 1800* . 1700* Average Covering Capacity So. ft./100 lbs. One In. Thick 20 45 67 20. 50 25 Mixing Proportions Gallons water per 100 lbs. Lbs. per bag 15 i/j gals. 23 gals. 100 75 42 gals. 14i 4 gals. so SO 24 gals. 50 16 gals. SO 142 Outdoor Finishes Factory Applied Weatherproof Jackets For Pipe Insulations Three types of weatherproof jackets applied at the factory on special order are available. They include Standard Weatherproof Jackets. Heavy Weight Weatherproof Jackets, and 50 lb. As bestos Jackets. All three types include 6" wide strips or collars for covering the circumferential joints at the ends of the sectional covering. The weatherproof jackets are lapped along the longi tudinal joints, but the lap is loose so that the in sulation can be applied over the pipe in the usual manner. Standard Weatherproof Jackets are made from a rag felt saturated and coated with. asphalt. They weigh <35 lbs. per 108 sq. ft. Heavy Weight Weatherproof Jackets are made from a rag felt saturated and coated with asphalt. They are almost twice as heavy as the Standard Weatherproof Jackets, weighing approximately 60 lbs. per I0S sq. ft. 50 lb. Asbestos jackets are made from asbestos felt, saturated and coated on both sides with asphalt, and given a final coat of talc and mica on both sides. These jackets weigh approximately 5S lbs. per 108 sq. ft. When specifying weatherproof jackets for pipe insulation, the exact type required should be mentioned. Unless this is done, all orders for pipe insulation calling for '`roofing jackets'*or-weathcrproof jackets" without detailed specifications as to weight and quality will be made up with Standard Weatherproof Jackets. Where the specifications call for "roofing jackets" or "weatherproof jackets" weighing in excess of <35 lbs. per 108 sq. ft., orders will be made up with Heavy Weight Weatherproof Jackets. .-- When factory applied weatherproof jackets are ordered, the necessary lap cement for sealing joints, and wire or bands, are furnished. _ Armstrong's lmulmastic lnsulmastic is a factory-mixed combination of Armstrong's Asphalt Emulsion with special fibers and fillers. It is recommended for use where a fire-resistant finish is required. Applied in two coats, each approximately Vs'* thick. lnsulmastic is an excellent finishing material for low-tem perature insulation exposed to the weather. On high towers, vessels, elevated lines, large ducts, breechings, etc., galvanr/ed wire mesh should be applied directly to the insulation before .Arm strong's lnsulmastic is troweled on. Armstrong's lnsulmastic possesses the tensile strength necessary to withstand normal move ment without cracking or rupturing, is not af fected by temperature changes, does not slip or sag at high temperatures, and bonds well with the eorkboard insulation surface. When lnsulmastic is applied in two coats, each about 1 -j/` thick, the two coats will dry to a final thickness of Armstrong's Insulnuistic is ,m ex cellent finish for expansion loops and fittings on outdoor strain lines. It will withstand movement without rupturing or cracking and does not slip or sag. 143 Armabesios pipe covering and block Made from long, tough Amosite asbestos fibers, pipe covering is available in two types: A'7. for tempera tures to 750* F., and A-12, for temperatures to 1200' F. Block insulation is suitable for use to 12005 F. These insulations are inorganic and completely incombust ible. They are applied in one layer. High insulating efficiency, great strength and durability, and physical and chemical stability make these materials well suited for heavy duty industrial applications. Armabestos A-7 and A-12 pipe covering is made in 36' lengths for pipes 1 / to 24' in diameter. Thick nesses are 1", Ij 2', 2'V. 3', 3^'. 4'. 4*/. and 5'. Block insulation is manufactured in 6'. 12'. IS', and 36' widths. Length is 36', thicknesses are V, ljo', 2' m** 3'. Kaytherm block Kaytherm is a precision-molded calcium silicate insulation for applications where temperatures do not exceed 1500 F. It is recommended for hightemperature steam equipment such as boilers, breech ings, hot air ducts, dryers, ovens, furnaces, and tanks. Sven at temperatures up to 1500 F., Kaytherm shows very little shrinkage or loss in weight. Kaytherm is available in block form only. It is 36' long and 6* wide. Thicknesses are I', l} -?', and V. Homogeneous blocks 6' and 12' wide, in thicknesses of I' up to and including 6' in H' increments available on special order. Hy-Temp pipe covering and block This material is composed of diatomaceous earth bonded together with asbestos fibers. It is suitable for temperatures to 1900' F. High-temperature pipe covering or block Is used next to the hot surfacr in sufficient thickness to bring the temperature a its outer surface to 600 F. Then 85r} Magnesi; insulation is applied for additional insulating effect Pipe covering is manufactured in 3' long tubula half sections for pipe sizes from 1 / to 10'. For large pipe sizes, curved segments in 3' lengths are ava;` able. Thicknesses range from 1' to 4'. inclusive, an conform to simplified thickness standards. Hy-Temp Block is made in 36* lengths and 3*. 6 9' and 12' widths. Thicknesses are from 1' to 4 (X)*mstrong insulations DESCRIPTION This is a molded type pipe covering made of basic .magnesium carbon* ate, reinforced with long asbestos fibers. It is suitable for use at tem peratures to 600* F. This covering is molded rather than machined, so inner and outer surfaces are tough, smooth, and dust-free. ADVANTAGES Efficient Insulation -- Armstrong S3% Magnesia Pipe Covering has a low thermal conductivity of 0.33 Btu-in./sq.ft.-hr.- F.at 100:F.mean. Long L/fe -- Tin's insulation lasts in definitely. when applied within recommended service limitations. It will not shrink, warp, crack, de teriorate, or lose its insulating value. It is not adversely affected by alter nate heating and cooling, wetting and drying, or by normal vibration or reasonable compression. Completely Fireproof -- Armstrong 85% Magnesia is completely min eral. and will neither bum nor sup port combustion. In tests subject ing this insulation to 20003 F. flame, 85% Magnesia remains intact and provides excellent protection for piping and equipment. Easy to Handle--53% Magnesia is easy to cut and fit. It lias good structural strength and requires only norma! precautions in ship ping. storage, and application. Accurately Sized -- Armstrong 83% Magnesia Pipe Covering is molded to closely controlled dimensions for accurate fit and heat-tight joints. Simplified thickness standards make S3% Magnesia covering of every thickness and pipe size fit exactly over or inside another pipe size. Sizes -- Covering is available in sectional form for all pipe sizes up to 18". Segmental covering is sup plied for larger sized pipes. For temperatures from 6003 to 1200, where two-layer application is required, combination covering consisting of an inner layer of hightemperature pipe insulation, and an outer layer of 85% Magnesia is furnished. For application information see page 23. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OP 85% MAGNESIA Density dlx./eu. ft.) average .... i i Thermal (.`muiuctivity lttu-in./s U.*lir.-M*\ (10U* K. -.> temperature) .. 0.1" {300* K. mean temperature) .. 0. i2 Mtxlulus uf Knpturc ip.s.u)............ 4-*> Load Compfi 'Mim. static at V. detormutian).......... (iO-b.* Linear Shrinkage 1% after 2 J l.ra. at 000* F.).......... l.U Water Al...i|i;ion f*v volume after (> hr' m aimosphetti of lit)* [*. and `tir. Lciatnc iiuimuits) (X^mstrong insulations KAYLO PIPE COVERING Kaylof Pipe Covering is a molded, white hydrous calcium silicate ma terial, reinforced for extra strength with a small amount of asbestos fiber for insulation of heated lines . at temperatures to 1200 F. Light density gives this material a low k value of .50 at 400 F. mean temperature. High flexural strength far beyond normal requirements of heat insulation gives Kaylo unusual durability and reduces breakage during installation and in MTvice. Sizes -- Kaylo Pipe Covering is manufactured in 3-foot lengths in sectional or segmental form, de pending on pipe size, for all regular iron pipe sizes Vk" to 39". and for copper tubing from V* to It is available in single-layer form from 1" to 3" thick (nominal) aw! Jbr mul tiple-layer construction in 2" to 5" thicknesses (nominal). Simplified thickness standards make Kaylo Covering of every thickness and pipe size fit exactly over or in side another pipe si2e. Canvas jackets are furnished at no addi tional cost on thicknesses up to and including 2Vi". Bands or 6- and 8- oz. canvas jackets are furnished on special order. . KAYL0-20 Kaylo-20 is a high-temperature cal cium silicate insulation for tempera tures to 1800 K. An average den sity of 12 lbs. per cu. ft results in excellent insulating elficiency. This insulation hus the same high strength and workability of stand ard Kaylo Pipe Covering. It is available in the same thicknesses as standard Kaylo. APPLICATION Both Kaylo and K;ivlo-20 Pipe Cov ering are applied according to standard specifications used in ap plication of molded type pipe insu lation with or without factory-ap plied canvas jackets. (Specifications for application are on Page 25.) PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OP KAYLO Density (Ibs./cu. ft.) average.... Thermal Conductivity Htw-in./sq.ft.*hr.-*F. . 100* F. mean temperature . 700* F. mean temperature . . 11 0.50 0.66 Modulus of Kupturc. Ibs./sq. m. Cuinpri-'Mve Strength. Ibs./sq. m. ,.it >'.c deformation) IMorc Irc.iting................... 1-50 Alter heating for 24 hrs. at-'O-F......................... 1 14 at 1000* V......................... 12:1 at 1200* V......................... UT oO J.iuear Shrinkage. % Alter hentinu for 2-4 hrs. at T10* F........................................ at 1000* V...................................... at 1200* F.................................. 0.S 0.9 1-5 ARMATSMP BLOCK Armstrong Annatemp* Block is a board-form mineral wool insulation possessing unusually high strength for use on heated surfaces where temperatures do not exceed 1900 F. An average low density of 20 lbs. per cu. ft makes Annatemp Block highly efficient insulation. Inor ganic mineral wool composition makes this product completely in combustible. Annatemp Block is made in 6" x IS", 6" x 36", 12" x IS", and 12" x 36" sizes, in thicknesses from 1" to 4" in 'A" increments. Widths of 3" and 4" arc available on special order, at no extra charge. Thick nesses of 4W' and 5" are available made to order. KAYLO BLOCK Kaylof Block is a white, rigid hy drous calcium silicate insulation for heated surfaces operating at tem peratures to 1200* F. Low density gives this insulation an efficient k value of .50 at 4003 F. mean tem perature. High flexural strength re duces breakage during installation and in service. Sizes--Blocks are available in 3", 6", 12" and IS" widths and in IS" and 36" lengths. Thicknesses are 1", 1 2", 2%", 3", 3]A" and 4". KAYLO-2C BLOCK This is a high-tcmpcrature calcium silicate block for insulation of heated equipment operating at tem peratures to 1S005 F. Light density of approximately 12 lbs. per cu. ft. gives Kaylo-20 excellent insulating efficiency. This insulation has the same high strength and workability of Standard Kayio Block. It is avail able in thicknesses and sizes identi cal to Standard Kayio. 36% MAGNESIA BLOCK this is a molded block insulation made of basic magnesium carbon ate, reinforced with long asbestos fibers. It is suitable for use .it tem peratures to 600 F. Armstrong Magnesia Block has a low thermal conductivity of 0.35 Btu-in./sq. ft.hr. at 100' F. mean temperature. Sizes--Block is manufactured in 6" x 36", 6" x IS". 3" x IS", 12" x 36", and 12" x IS" sizes. Thicknesses range from to 4".