Document 10BxpZD2ZODyaK3y4qdqoGwaZ

SHELL CHEMICAL COMPANY A Division of Shell Oil Company February 1969 ENGINEERING STANDARD tC' Hot Service Insulation Page i HOT SERVICE INSULATION TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE 2. REFERENCES 3. JOB REQUIREMENTS 4. INSULATION MATERIALS 5. GENERAL 6. PERSONNEL PROTECTION 7. TRACED PIPING AND EQUIPMENT 8. INSTRUMENTS 9. PIPING INSULATION 9.1 Insulation Application 9.2 Weatherproofing Covering 10. VESSEL AND EXCHANGER INSULATION 10.1 Insulation Application 10.2 Weatherproofing of Vessels and Exchangers 11. MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT INSULATION 11.1 Insulation Application 11.2 Weatherproofing of Equipment 12. TANK INSULATION 12.1 Insulation Application 12.2 Weatherproofing of Tanks ABS-061205 lam 031420 SHELL CHEMICAL COMPANY A Division of Shelf Oil Compony Februory 1969 ENGINEERING STANDA^' 50 Hot Service P oge I of 1 1 HOT SERVICE INSULATION J. SCOPE 1.1 This engineering standard covers the engineering design, selection of materials, and installation of materials for the insulation of piping, apparatus, and equipment operating in the temperature range frc~ 150F to 1200F. This standard covers basic requirements for recurring insulation applications. 1.2 Reference to a particular material or equal shall serve only as a precise identification of the type an: quality of the material required. Alternate materials will be considered. Sufficient engineering data -eevaluation of alternate materials shall accompany proposals. Shell shall be the sole judge of the equal ity, design, workmanship, and suitability of materials offered on an alternate basis. 1.3 The Contractor shall furnish description of materials and sketches showing methods of installation, tor applications proposed as alternates to those specified in this standard and for applications not covered by this standard. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Engineering Standard 102, "Definitions and Requirements", shall be considered part of this standard. 3. JOB REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Contractor shall execute job in accord with the best practices for insulation work with a minimum of waste and debris and work shall present a neat and workmanlike appearance. 3.2 Contractor shall observe Shell safety regulations for personnel and equipment. 3.3 Contractor shall plan, schedule, and coordinate his work as required. 3.4 Contractor shall be responsible for the unloading, handling, protection and storage of materials, including construction of required warehouses. 3.5 Contractor shall protect materials from damage and weather during all stages of handling and application until the final covering is applied. 3.6 Contractor shall provide, install and remove required scaffolding. 3.7 Contractor shall protect against and clean up splatter of insulating materials. 3.8 Contractor shall maintain a reasonably clean site; shall remove debris periodically; and upon completion of job shall remove materials, equipment, and debris to satisfaction of Shell. 3.9 If the plant is operating before the insulation work is complete, the Contractor shall secure all scaffold ing and remove all unused material from the operating area at the end of each working day. The Contrac tor's activities during this period shall be such as to offer minimum practical interference with activities of operating personnel. ABS-0 61206 LAM 031421 ENGINEERING STANDARD 501 Hoi Service Insulator P age 2 of 11 SHELL CHEMICAL COMPANY A Division ot Shell 0.1 Company February 1969 4. INSULATION MATERIALS 4.1 Insulation: Hydrous calcium silicate as manufactured by John s-Manv i I le (Thermobestos), Owen s-Corn ing (Kaylo); Pabco (Cal Temp), or equal. Available forms are 36" long sectional pipe insulation, flat, scored, and beveled blocks. 4.2 Insulating Cement: .1 A mineral wool insulating cement used as a filler between blocks, to fill cracks, voids, and |oints. Eagle-Picher Super 66; John s-Man vi I le No. 450, or equal. .2 A monolithic insulating cement hand finish for use on irregular surfaces such as pumps and turbines, Baldwin-Ehret-Hi 11 BEH No. 1 Cement. 4.3 Expansion Joint Filler: An oil free spun mineral wool, half compressed, used to fill expansion joints in pipe and equipment insulation. John s-Manvi I le "Banroc". 4.4 Glass Fabric: Glass fabric for reinforcing the weatherproofing compounds shall have 20 threads per inch in both warp and fill, shall be resin sized, shall weigh about 1-1/2 oz. per sq. yd., and shall have o mini mum strength of 60 pounds per inch of width. Benjamin Foster s Lag Fab, or equal. 4.5 Wire Mesh: Reinforcing wire mesh shall be 1" hex mesh x 0.032 (20 BWG) three twist Monei wire. 4.6 Tie Wire: Stainless steel type 304 soft annealed, 16 gage (.0625" dia.) to be used as tie wires, lacing wire and lacing hair pins. 4.7 Stainless Steel Strapping: .1 V?" Band: Type 304 stainless steel, soft annealed temper, xh" wide x .020" thick with heavy duty stainless wing type seals. .2 14" Band: Type 304 stainless steel, soft annealed temper, %" wide x .025" thick with heavy duty stainless wing type seals. 4.8 Sheet Metal Screws: #8 x ''7" stainless steel self-tapping sheet metal screws, Pan Head "A" type slotted for screw driver installation. 4.9 Breather Springs: Techalloy Co. standard 4" and 2" springs to provide expansion for banding on equip ment operating over 800F. 4.10 Weatherproofing Compound: Final covering on insulation not covered by aluminum sheathing shall be an aluminum gray polyvinyl acetate emulsion. Vimasco Vinyl Mastic WC-1 or Benjamin Foster "Sealfas" Mastic No. 41-49. Surface temperature limits for the above are 200 F and 180F respectively. 4.11 High Temperature Flashing Compound: Final covering on insulation where final coat bevels to bare pipe or bare equipment. For surface temperatures to 400F: Eagle-Picher "Stalastic" standard grade. For surface temperatures to 700F: Eagle-Picher "Stalastic" high temperature grade. 4.12 Aluminum Jacketing: .016" thick x 3/16" cross corrugated x 48" wide aluminum roll jacketing as manu factured by Childers Products Company. Jacketing to be fabricated from Type 5005-H14 aluminum alloy and shall have a factory applied "Polykraft" moisture barrier consisting of one layer of 50-lb. virgin Kraft paper coated on one side with a 1 mil polyethylene film. ABS-061207 LAM 031422 SHELL CHEMICAL COMPANY A Division of Shell Oi! Compcn, Februory 1969 ENGINEERING STANDARD 501 Hot Service lnr,! Poae 3 of 1 1 4.13 Aluminum Jacketing: .024" thick x 3/16" cross corrugated x 48* wide aluminum roll |acketmg as manu factured by Childers Products Company. Jacketing to be fabricated from Type 5005-H14 aluminum al loy and shall have a factory applied "Polykraft" moisture barrier consisting of one layer of 50-lb. vr/gm Kraft paper coated on one side with a 1 mil polyethylene film. 4.14 Aluminum Sheeting: .024'' thick x l'.d" deep corrugated x 3/16" cross corrugated aliminum sheets as manufactured by Childers Products Company. Sheets are 33" wide and length shall be selected for con venient handling. Sheets shall be fabricated from Type 5005-H14 aluminum alloy and shall have a factory oppl ied "Polykraft" moi sture barrier con si sting of one layer of 50-lb. virgin Kraft paper coated on one side with a 1 mil polyethylene film. 4.15 Aluminum Jacketing: .024" thick smooth aluminum sheets as manufactured by Childers Manufacturing Company. Sheets are to be of such size to be convenient in fabricating heads for equipment. Sheets are to be fabricated of Type 5005-H14 aluminum alloy and shall have a factory applied "Polykraft" moisture barrier consisting of one layer of 50-lb. virgin Kraft paper coated one side with a 1 mil polyethylene fi Im. 4.16 Aluminum Ell Jackets: Insulated 45 and 90 long radius elbows shall be protected by two piece, deep drawn aluminum "Ell Jacs" as manufactured by Childers Products Company. "Ell Jacs" shall be fabri cated from .024" thick Type 5005 aluminum alloy and have a factory applied colored epoxy moisture barrier inside and a clear epoxy coating on the outside. 5. GENERAL 5.1 Hot service piping and equipment shall be insulated to conserve energy, maintain process stability, protect personnel, or for a combination of these reasons. In general, hot service insulation shall be applied on piping operating above 150F and on equipment operating above 170F. In some cases, pip ing or equipment operating below the above temperatures will require insulation for process stability. 5.2 Internally insulated equipment and equipment where it is desirable to dissipate heat shall not be insul ated. Guards for personnel protection may be required according to Section 6. 5.3 Recommended insulation thickness for the combination of personnel protection and minimum process stability are shown on Chart No. 1. This thickness is considered the minimum for any hot surface insulation. 5.4 Recommended insulation thicknesses, where energy conservation and high process stability are the controlling insulation criteria, are shown on Chart No. 2. Tabulated thicknesses are based on still air, 80 F ambient temperature and insulating materials having approximate thermal conductivity values of .37 at 200 F and .55 at 600F. Under these conditions, the tabulated thicknesses ore optimum thick nesses for heat conservation under average operating conditions and assure adequate temperature control. Where wide variances from the above conditions exist, such as areas with high wind velocities or where the process dictates more extreme requirements, the insulation thicknesses should be re-evaluated. 5.5 Where materials are mentioned in procedures, refer to Section 4 for material specifications, e.g. "insula tion means hydrous calcium silicate, "insulating cement" means Eagle-Picher Super 66, etc. 5.6 Surfaces to be insulated shall be clean of oil, grease, loose scale, dirt, insulation debris, etc. ABS-061208 LAM 031423 ENGINEERING STANDARD 501 Hot Service Insulolion Page 4 of 11 SHELL CHEMICAL COMPANY A Division of Shell Oil Conpanv F ebroary 1 969 5.7 Insulated steel surfaces which operate below 250F (except stainless steel) or which will not be in con tinuous operation, shall be cleaned and prime coated before application of insulation in accord with Engineering Standard 1901, Paints and Paint Application. . 5.8 Stainless steel piping and equipment surfaces under insulation and operating from 120F to 400F shall have one (1) coat of Dampney "Thur-Ma-Lox" No. 70 silicone coating. Surface Preparation: Descale, remove all moisture, oil and grease. 5.9 Insulation supports, anchor nuts, etc., shall be welded to equipment and piping by the fabricators prior to any required stress relieving operation. 5.10 Insulation work shall not be started prior to hydrostatic or pneumatic tests. Should it be necessary to start insulation work prior to such tests, written approval shall be obtained from Shell; however, welds, threads, union fittings, and flanged joints must be left uninsulated until tests are completed. 5.11 All flanged valves, buttweld valves, flanges, and flanged fittings shall be insulated in the following I ines: .1 Steam traced or electric traced lines. .2 Steam lines to drivers and process equipment. .3 Superheated steam lines when the steam temperature is less than 100F above the saturated steam temperature. 5.12 Valves, flanges, or flanged fittings shall not be insulated in the following lines, unless otherwise specified: .1 All process lines. .2 Low pressure steam lines (under 75 psig) leading to heat transfer equipment, unit heaters, traps, or points where steam is disposed as waste. .3 Superheated steam lines where the steam temperature is 100F or more above the saturated steam temperature. .4 The flange and cover on manways on hot equipment. 5.13 Steam traps and their outlet piping shall not be insulated except for personnel protection or where the outlet piping is arranged so that a liquid head of condensate can collect. Inlet piping to traps shall be insulated. 5.14 Manufacturers' equipment and code name plates shall be left exposed. Insulation shall be cut on 45 angle from the nameplate edges and sealed off with weather proofing compounds according to paragraph s 5.24 and 5.25. 5.15 All materials shall be applied in a manner to reduce shrinkage to a minimum. Excessive cracks that develop in any materials shall be repaired with a like material. 5.16 I nsulation shall be applied with staggered circumferential joints and all joints tightly butted. Ragged and open joints shall be neatly filled with insulating cement. ABS-061209 LAM 031424 SHELL CHEMICAL COMPANY A Division of Shell Oil Comoony F ebruary 196^ ENGINEERING STANDARD 501 Hot Service Insulation P a a e 5 of 11 5.17 For surfaces over 600F and 2" IPS and larger, insulation shall be double layer construction, staggering all joints on second layer with respect to first layer. 5.18 Insulation supports on vertical vessels, exchangers and piping shall be located at the bottom of the insulated area and on 12'-1" centers thereafter on exchangers and vessels. Supports shall be 1 /4" thick and 1/2" less than the insulation thickness in width, minimum width shall be 1/2". Insulation supports on piping and exchangers shall be located a sufficient distance from the flanges to permit removing bolts without interference or damaging the insulation. The 1" voids between the top of supported insulation and the succeeding supports shall be filled with half compressed mineral wool insulation (4.3) to provide filled expansion joints. Final covering shall overlap the expansion joint and allow proper slippage for expansion. 5.19 Insulation and final coverings around structural support attachments on vessels, exchangers and piping in hot service shall be closely fitted around such projections. Insulation voids in these areas shall be filled with insulating cement. The openings in the final coverings shall be sealed off against the structural steel and back 2' under adjacent covering with high temperature flashing compound (4.11) and applied according to paragraph 5.25. 5.20 Insulation shall be stopped short on uninsulated and insulated flanges and unions a sufficient distance to permit removing the bolts or breaking the union without damaging the insulation. The insulation shall be finished off at these points on a 45 bevel and sealed off with flashing compound according to para graphs 5.24 and 5.25. 5.21 Where wires are used for insulation ties or lacing, they shall be drawn taut to imbed them flush with the face of the insulation, firmly twisted, and the excess ends cut off and the twisted ends bent over and imbedded in the insulation. 5.22 Where bands are used for insulation ties and final covering, they shall be machine stretched and scaled to remove slack only. 5.23 If picks or other sharp objects are used for making screw holes in the aluminum, they must have a per manently attached depth stop located 1/2" from point of pick. 5.24 Where insulation is beveled 45 from hot piping or equipment, the weatherproof flashing covering shall start at the hot surface and extend 2" under the adjocent covering. Flashing compound (4.11) shall be applied according to paragraph 5.25. 5.25 I nsulated fittings and surfaces not covered with metal sheathing shall be given a coating of weather proofing compound (4.10). The weatherproofing mastic (4.10) shall be applied over the surface of the insulation and securing bands to a wet thickness of approximately 1/32". While the mastic is still wet, glass fabric shall be pressed into it and smoothed; care being exercised to prevent rupturing the fabric. All edges thall be overlapped at least 3". The second coat of mastic, approximately 3/32" wet, shall be applied at once over the glass cloth reinforced mastic. The coating shrinks to about half its wet thickness and therefore the wet thicknesses noted should be generous enough to provide a final rein forced dry thickness of 1/16" minimum. 6. PERSONNEL PROTECTION 6.1 Insulation for personnel protection shall generally be applied to hot surfaces which can be inadvertently contacted by personnel in normal performance of their duties. Such hot surfaces shall be insulated to a height 7'-0" above normal walking or standing surfaces and horizontally 1 '-6" from the edge of platforms, walkways and ladders. ABS-061210 LAM 031425 ENGINEERING STANDARD 501 Hot Service Insulation P age 6 of 1 1 SHELL CHEMICAL COMPANY A Division of SheH Oil Company F ebruary 1969 6.2 Insulation thicknesses (or personnel protection shall be such that the external surface temperature of the insulation shall be a maximum of 150F for piping and 170F for other equipment. Chart No. 1 specifies minimum insulation thickness for personnel protection. 6.3 Personnel protection on equipment such as vertical vessels, coolers and condensers may require partial insulation if temperatures during normal operation and confined access cause them to be an unusually severe hazard. 6.4 Internally insulated equipment and equipment where it is desirable to dissipate heat shall not be insulated for personnel protection even though temperatures exceed 170F. Personnel protection for these hot sur faces shall be by the installation of expanded metal guards around the equipment or as otherwise speci fied by Shell. 7. TRACED PIPING AND EQUIPMENT 7.1 Steam and electric traced lines shall be insulated with either extended leg or oversize insulation. After the tracers have been secured snugly against lines with bands or wire, the two half sections of pipe insulation shall be wired in place. All joints and voids in the insulation shall then be filled with insul ating cement. 7.2 When a heat transfer cement such as "Thermon", "Zeston", or equal is specified, the cement shall com pletely cover the tracer and shall be applied with a trowel or caulking gun in a "V" shape with a minimum thickness at the center of the tracer of 1/4". Width of cement at top of "V" will vary with size of tracer. Refer to manufacturer's recommendations. 7.3 Steam and electrically traced systems shall be completely insulated including equipment, valves, flanged fittings, and tracer line loops. 7.4 Tracer line loops brought outisde the insulation for external connectors shall be insulated with flexible woven asbestos tape. 8. INSTRUMENTS 8.1 Insulate level instruments where required with the method for insulating irregular surfaces. Use pipe covering wherever possible. 8.2 Insulate gage column piping but not gage glasses. 8.3 Insulate instrument leads up to the instrument connection whenever the main process line is insulated except (1) when instrument leads ore purged and (2) when seal pots are installed, the seal pots are to be insulated. 9.1 Insulation Application 9. PIPING INSULATION .1 All straight sections of piping thru 24" O.D. shall be insulated with sectional pipe insulation (4.1). ABS-061211 LAM 031426 SHELL CHEMIC'A. I -A Division of Shell 0,1 . F ebruory 1 969 .1: u z >< I l-'l. , A, .2 All straight v." r i on s over 24'' O.D. shali Dt' Tii -mi',. <. so i ot i , i he bmD.'. shc;!i ire either curved or flat blocks cut into beveled logs to fir the contour of the piping. .3 Insulation 16 O.D. and under shall be secures .vita .wic i-hcD spaced a mn.Miimn of 0 an ce.icrs. A Insulation 18" and over shall be secured with V 2 bands (4.7) soaced a maximum of 12 .5 All cracks, vouis and pinls, in the insulation surface shall be filled with insulating ce,.,eni (4.4. 1;, either trowelled or palmed on after wires or bands are installed to produce an even surface and assure required thickness. .6 Pipe bends and ells shall be insulated wilh nntied segments of pipe insulation. Individual i,,i>,ed segments shall be prefabricated into ell covers by cementing together to form two half covers. An insulating cement finish should be applied over insulation on bends and ells after it has been securely wired on to give a smooth, even surface. .7 Welded and screwed fittings and valves (if requiring insulation) under 1-1/2" IPS shall be insulated with insulating cement (4.2.1) applied in approximately 1. 2 thick layers to a thickness equal to that of adjacent insulation and trowelled or hand palmed smooth. .8 When permanent type insulation covers are required for flanged fittings and valves, either sectional pipe insulation of proper size to fit the outside diameter of the flange or block insulation lags shall be used. The flange or valve insulation should extend approximately 2" over the ends of the pipe insulation. Annular spaces between flanges and pipe insulation shall be filled with rings or collars or blocks arid/or insulating cement. The insulation shall be securely wired or banded and finished with insulating cement to a smooth, even surface. .9 When removable type flange covers are required for flanges fittings and valves, a frame made in two half sections of Monel wire mesh (4.5) shall be provided to which the blocks or sectional insulation may be attached. The flange cover shall extend 2" over the ends of the adjacent pipe insulation and the ends of the pipe insulation terminated and bevelled (to allow for removal of stud bolts) as previ ously described. After the frame is insulated, the inside and outside surfaces of the insulation shall be finished with insulating cement. The two half sections of removable flange covers shall be held in place with bands after the desired finish has been applied to the insulation. 9.2 Weatherproofing Covering .1 Weatherproof covering on straight insulated pipe shall be .016" thick x 3/16" corrugated aluminum jacketing (4.12) and shall be machine rolled to the O.D. of the insulation, fitted snugly over insula tion, joints lapped a minimum of 2 inches (circumferentially and longitudinally), arranged to shed water and secured with bands. .2 Bands 1/2" wide (4.7) shall be placed on each circumferential lap with intermediate bands on maxi mum 12" centers. .3 Each section of final covering on vertical piping larger than 10" shall be supported from the next lower section with two "S" clips made from the banding material. The bottom section of the final covering shall be supported by extended insulation support clips. Longitudinal joints on vertical pipe covering shall be staggered. ABS-061212 LAM 031427 ENGINEERING STANDARD 50 1 Hot Service insulation Page 8 of 1 1 SHELL CHEMICAL COMPANY A Oiv.sion o i She- Gil uonoon ,"ebrljafv 1 g6g .4 Final weatherproof covering on insulated ells, 12 thru 24 IPS, shall be prefabricated aluminum ell covers (4.16). Covers shall lap 2" under the aluminum final covering on the ad|acenf straight pipe and be secured with 1/2 bands. .5 Weatherproof covering for insulated flanges and flanged valves shall be fabricated from .024" thick smooth aluminum (4.15). The aluminum jackets shall be fabricated to provide maximum weather pro tection and secured with bands and metal screws as required for adequate securement. Jackets shall lap 2" under the aluminum final covering on the adjacent piping. .6 Insulated fittings not covered by metal sheathing and areas where such covering is not practical or economical shall be given a final weatherproof covering according to paragraph 5.25. 10. VESSEL AND EXCHANGER INSULATION 10jl Insulotion Application .1 Vessel shells, exchanger shells, and channels 24" 0 D. and smaller shall be insulated with sec tional pipe insulation (4.1). Equipment larger than 24" O.D. shall be insulated with block insula tion (4.1). The blocks shall be either curved or flat blocks cut into beveled lags to fit the contours. The insulation shall be secured with 3/4" bands on a maximum of 18" centers. On vessels over 30" O.D. operating at temperatures of 800F and higher, breather springs (4.9) shall be used with all securement bands. .2 The heads of vessels and exchangers shall be insulated with block insulation. The blocks shall be either curved or flat blocks cut into segmental beveled lags to fit the head contours. The insula tion and that on vessel transition sections shall be secured with 3/4" bands anchored with lacing wire hair pins to 1/2" nut blanks welded to the vessel. Anchors on top heads shall be as required for good securement. Anchors on bottom heads, transition sections of vertical vessels, and heads of horizontal vessels shall be on 12" centers both ways. .3 As an alternate to the above, the heads of vessels and exchangers 3' O.D. and under may be insul ated with broken block insulation imbedded in a coat of insulating cement. The voids between the broken blocks shall be filled level with insulating cement troweled or hand palmed to a smooth surface. .4 Flanges, manways and nozzles shall not be insulated unless specified by Shell. When insulation is required, the insulation shall be that specified for shells and shall be contained in a two-piece prefabricated removable housing. The design of the housing shall be submitted to Shell for approval. .5 Insulation shall be stopped short of uninsulated flanges a sufficient distance to permit removing the bolts without damaging the insulation. Insulation shall be stopped short of uninsulated nozzles and manways a sufficient distance to expose the nozzle to shell welds for inspection. Insulation shall be finished off at these points on a 45 bevel and sealed off with weatherproofing compound accord ing to paragraphs 5.24 and 5.25. .6 Insulation supports and expansion joints shall be provided on all vertical vessels and towers according to paragraph 5.18. 7 Exchanger channel insulations shall be made in removable sections; the design of the housing shall be submitted to Shell for approval. ABS-061213 LAM 031428 SHELL CHEMICAL COMPANY A Division o! Shell Oil vompjn February 196^ ENGINEERING STANDARD 50 Ho* $ * v i c e Ins:. i o i -_> P age ^ of 1 i 10.2 Weatherproofing of Vessels and Exchangers .1 Insulotion on vertical and horizontal vessels and exchanger shells 30" diameter or smaller sh'all be covered with.016 "thick x 3 16" cross corrugated alum in um jacketing (4.12) and applied in the same manner as for pipe covering as described in paragraph 9.2. .2 Insulation on horizontal vessels and exchanger shells larger than 30' diameter shall be covered with .024" thick x 3< 16" cross corrugated aluminum |acketing (4.13). The |acketing shall be fitted snugly to the insulation and both longitudinal and circumferential joints shall be lapped a minimum of 3" and arrcnged to shed water. 3-''4" bands (4.7) shall be placed on each circumferential joint with intermediate bands on not more than 24" centers. Self-tapping metal screws (4.8) shall be installed on 6" centers in all longitudinal joints. .3 Insulation on vertical vessels and towers larger than 30" diameter shall be covered with .024" thick aluminum sheets with 1-1/4" deep x 3/16" cross corrugations (4.14). Deep corrugations shall run vertical and longitudinal joint shall lap 2 corrugations; the circumferential joints shall be lapped a minimum of 3" and arranged to shed water. The sheets shall be banded with 3/4" bands (4.7) on not more than 24" centers with a band over each circumferential joint. Band support loops shall be provided for all banding. Metal screws (4.8) shall be installed on 6" centers in all longitudinal joints. Each section of metal sheeting on vertical equipment shall be supported from the next lower section with "S" clips mode from 3/4" banding material (4.7) and spaced on 2'-0" centers. The bottom section of final covering shall be supported by clips attached to the insulation support. .4 Insulated heads on horizontal vessels 30" diameter or smaller and the bottom heads of vertical vessels within skirts shall be covered with weatherproof compound according to paragraph 5.25. .5 Insulated heads of horizontal vessels larger than 30" diameter and the top heads of all vertical vessels shall have covers fabricated from .024" thick smooth aluminum (4.15) Gored head sections shall be overlapped a minimum of 2" and fastened with sheet metal screws on 6" centers. All seams shall be lapped to provide maximum weather protection. Where metal covering is not applic able, the alternate weather covering shall be weatherproofing compound according to paragraph 5.25 upon opproval from Shell. .6 Where operating temperatures exceed 800F, breather springs shall be used on bands securing the metal sheathing. For vessels and equipment from 4' diameter to 10' diameter, support bands shall be provided with 2" breather springs; over 10' diameter, breather springs shall be 4" (4 9). 11. MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT INSULATION 11.1 Insulation Application .1 Pumps, turbines and other irregular shaped equipment shall be insulated with insulating cement (4.2.2) built up in layers of 3/4" to 1" thick to the required thickness. The insulation shall be re enforced at approximately the midpoint of insulation thickness with hex mesh (4.5). .2 Flanges, bearing housings, threaded connections and supports shall not be insulated unless specified by Shell. .3 The insulation shall stop short of uninsulated flanges a sufficient distance to permit removal of bolts without damaging the insulation. ABS-061214 LAM 031429 ENGINEERING STANDARD 501 Ho* Service Insulation Page 10 of 1 1 SHELL CHEMICAL COMPANY A Division of Shell Oil Cornpcn. F ebruary 196^ 11.2 Weatherproofing of Equipment .1 Equipment insulation shall be sealed with a weatherproofing compound according to paragraphs 5.24 and 5.25. 12. TANK INSULATION 12.1 Insulation Application .1 Tanks 12' O.D. and less shall be insulated with block insulation in accord with 10.1 for vessels. Insulation thickness shall be in accord with Chart 2 or as specified by Shell. .2 Shells of tanks larger than 12' O.D. and below 450F shall be insulated with fibrous glass, rigid board insulation, Johns-Manvi Ile "Spintex" No. 414 FSK, or equal. Insulation thickness shall be in accord with paragraph 5.4 or as specified by Shell. .3 The fibrous glass boards shall be butted snugly and banded with 3/4" bands on 18" centers. .4 Nozzl es, manways, and roofs shall not be insulated unless specified by Shell. 12.2 Weatherproofing of Tanks .1 Insulation on tanks shall be covered with .024" thick, 1-1/4" deep x 3/16" cross corrugated alumi num sheets (4.14) and applied and banded according to paragraph 10.2.3. .2 A top insulation flashing angle shall be provided. .3 Proper and complete flashing is required for all metal to insulation joints according to paragraph 5.24. ABS-061215 LAM 031430 SHELL CHEMICAL COMPANY A Division of Shell 011 Cumpony February 1969 ENGINEERING STANDARD SOI Hot Service Insular ion Page `1 of 1 I PIPE SIZE INCHES 1 Down lb 2 3 4 6 8 10 12 14 & Up CHART NO. 1 RECOMMENDED INSULATION THICKNESSES FOR PERSONNEL PROTECTION AND AVERAGE PROCESS STABILITY PIPING FOR INSULATION SURFACE TEMPERATURES OF 150F. INSULATION THICKNESS, INCHES 1 lb 2 2b 3 3b MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE, >F. 4 650 850 1100 1200 550 750 900 1200 1200 550 750 900 1150 1200 500 700 850 1150 1200 1200 500 650 800 1000 1150 1200 430 600 800 900 1050 1200 600 750 900 1050 1200 1200 600 750 900 1000 1150 1200 600 750 850 1000 1100 1200 550 700 800 950 1050 1150 4b * 1200 VESSELS, EXCHANGERS, PUMPS, COMPRESSORS, AND TURBINES FOR INSULATION SURFACE TEMPERATURES OF 170F. INSULATION THICKNESS, INCHES MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE, F 1 1 ft 600 800 2 2b 950 1100 3 1200 CHART NO. 2 RECOMMENDED INSULATION THICKNESSES FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION, HIGH PROCESS STABILITY AND STEAM SYSTEMS PIPING PIPE SIZE INCHES 1 Down ib 2 3 4 6 8 10 12 14 & Up 1 400 400 400 300 200 200 lb 700 700 700 500 400 300 300 300 300 300 INSULATION THICKNESS, INCHES 2 2b 3 3 b MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE, F 800 800 800 700 600 500 500 400 400 400 1100 1100 1100 900 700 700 700 500 500 500 1200 1200 1200 1100 900 800 800 700 700 700 1200 1100 1100 900 800 800 800 4 1200 1200 1100 1100 1000 900 4b 1200 1200 1100 1100 FLAT VESSELS, EXCHANGERS, PUMPS, COMPRESSORS, AND TURBINES 300 400 500 700 800 900 1100 ABS-061216 LAM 031431