Document 0L4GdzoOb2Bm8MGeEE6r0vmyR

'V onsa nto plasticizers uses properties specifications J extrusions plastic free films molding compounds in surface coatings , i adhesives synthetic rubber textile and paper coati- 0ol`tb2l TOWOLDMON0038698 WATER_PCB-00023167 SI C ! IUN WATER_PCB-00023168 $ l (.' I K' N / DATA ON INDIVIDUAL MONSANTO PLASTICIZERS OF CONTENT PAGE 43 ^ ! ".u.al UIM.I Ph/in. ul I'l p<;l lies UMlJ S|>WClfKullOni ul Monsanto Pluslicuet 45 b VisI v Curves lei Pliosjsliolo I'luiliciziM s. Tr 1.1< vy I Phuspl.uie, Sunl.uzer 1 4(J unci Sanlicizur Ml D GRAPH It Viscosity Cuivcs for Phtliulyl Glycollc'itos: Scmticizer IJ-lO, Sunlieuci li-16 uiul Ouiilicizu M- 1/ ORAPH III Viscosily Curves for Phlluilule Plasticizers: Di(n-Octyl, n-Decyl) Phthulule, Diisooclyl Plrthakile, Dioclyl Phtholate ami Uiisodecyl I'hlluiluie D 0 R A P H IV Viscosity Curves fur Phthulule Plasticizers: Dibulyl .Phthulule, Diethyl Phthulule, Dimethyl Phtholatc and Santicin-r 160 45 51 53 55 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION |] Literuluro Available on Mgnsunlo Pluslieizen D Technical Seivice Available 51 59 G1 Ofa 3 l TOWOLDMON0038700 WATER_PCB-00023169 background information on plasticizers 3 TOWOLDMON0038701 WATER_PCB-00023170 i introduction the Monsanto line of plasticizers how a plasticizer works 4 0614625 TOWOLDMON0038702 WATER_PCB-00023171 introduction TOWOLDMON0038703 WATER_PCB-00023172 H Plasticizers are low melting solids or high boiling organic liquids. They are added to plastic compositions and surface coatings to extend or modify the natural properties of the resins and to develop new, improved properties not present in the resins themselves. Plasticizers have grown in importance with the growth of the plastics and surface coating industries. New basic resins have required new plasticizing agents; older materials have found wider application because of improved properties developed through the use of unique plasticizers or plasticizer combinations. As one of the major producers of chemicals for industry, Monsanto offers manufacturers of resin-based products a complete line of plasticizing agents. These plasticizers range from "standard" products to new, specialty plasticizers formulated to create improved properties in plastics and surface coatings. These properties range from flame retardency to improved low temperature flexibility. Monsanto plasticizers can impart such properties as improved flexibility, higher gloss, better weather resistance, good electrical properties, solvent and abrasion resistance, and many others. 6 06146^7 | TOWOLDMON0038704 WATER_PCB-00023173 the Monsanto line of plasticizers SANTICIZER, HR-20: Trade Marks for Monsanto resin plasticisers. AROCLOR&; Trade Mark for Monsanto chlorinated polyphenyls. TOWOLDMON0038705 WATER_PCB-00023174 For free film, lacquers, paper and textile coatings, rubber, and molded products- Monsanto supplies plasticizers that will extend or modify the properties of substantially any resin or combination of resins, natural or synthetic. Special properties not present in base resins can be added, processing expedited, and the performance of the finished product vastly improved when plastics are compounded with plasticizers exactly suited to the need, Monsanto offers the trade a complete line of quality plasticizers. Raw materials, processing, and quality control --the three factors most important to purity and stability -- are closely supervised to assure optimum, dependable performance of Monsanto plasticizers serving the diversx* requirements of the plastics industry. More than half a century of experience in (he manufacture of organic chemicals enables Monsanto to produce the finest quality plasticizers for natural or synthetic rosin applications. Roth liquid and solid plasticizers' are available. These compounds are of five chemical types: Adipates Phthalates I' Phthalyi Glycollatet | Phosphate* 1 Sulfonamides In addition, Monsanto supplies a number of specialty plasticiz.ers with outstanding performance characteristics in specific applications. 8 TOWOLDMON0038706 WATER_PCB-00023175 how a plasticizer works Ofcl'tbiO | TOWOLDMON0038707 WATER_PCB-00023176 The entire plastics industry is based upon the art of obtaining plasticity of one kind nr another in high molecular weight rosins. Aside from possible modifications of the molecule itself, base resins may be plasticized by heat, solvents, or plasticizers, Heat contributes plasticily at some processing stage for practically all thermoplastic resins. 1 lowever, once a thermoplastic is cooled -- this plasticizing effect disappears. Solvents, too, arc employed during the initial compounding of some ihormoplasl ic molding materials and in the manufacture of lacquers and surface coatings, But like heat, the effect of solvents is temporary -- once they have evaporated, the resin is left in its original state. Plasticizers impart relatively permanent flexibility, toughness, and improved flow. They arc chemically related to solvents -- the usual basis for classification is the degree of volatility; plasticizers being relatively nonvolatile compounds, solvents possessing much higher volatility. Thermosetting resins in their final infusible, insoluble state are held together in a throe dimensional network by primary chemical bonds, This structure strongly resists outside forces, whether these forces be heat or the "separating" action of a solvent or plasticizer. 10 0614631 | TOWOLDMON0038708 WATER_PCB-00023177 Thermoplastic resins, on the other hand, are held together by primary chemical bonds in a longitudinal direction only. These chemical bonds operate only along the length of the polymer chain. The binding forces between chains are the Van der Waal forces or secondary bonds. These between-chain bonds are of a physical rather than chemical nature and thus are more susceptible to modification by external 0 PER CENT OF PLASTICIZER Obl'tbJ,; | TOWOLDMON0038709 WATER_PCB-00023178 Forets than primary chemical bonds. Consequently. plasticizing a thermoplastic resin consists basically of a controlled modification of the attractive forces between molecular chains. The extent of plasticizing action depends in part upon the molecular structure of the polymer and in part on the molecular structure of the plasticizer, COCO RESIN MOLECULES c FLEXIBLE LIQUID 12 061-163 3 TOWOLDMON0038710 WATER_PCB-00023179 The attractive forces or bonds between the chains vary in magnitude and number with the resin. The polymer chains of some resins are strongly bonded together by many cross-tying attractive forces, others are more loosely knit. The stronger the bonding forces between the polymer, the more highly polar must be the plasticizer. Rubber and neoprene, for example, are less strongly bonded than cellulose acetate or polyamide resins. Compounds such as hydrocarbons can be used to plasticize the more weakly bonded resins, but polyvinyl chloride or cellulose acetate require polar plasticizers plus heat and sometimes solvents to aid in compounding. Plasticizers, like solvents, are attracted by the polar groups on the polymer chain and replace polymer-polymer bonds with polymerplasticizer bonds. In addition, the sheer bulk of a plasticizer molecule and the configuration of its grouping disrupts the forces between chains. At high concentrations the plasticizer forms a continuous phase in which the separated chains can move. In such concentrations, the state of the plasticized mass is apt to be a soft gel. Because of the size of most plasticizer molecules, it is frequently necessary to use heat, solvents, or a combination of both to aid in "loosening up" the resin structure to incorporate the plasticizer. Polyvinyl chloride, for example, is compounded with plasticizers at elevated temperatures. At room temperatures, the plasticizer does not adequately separate the polymer chains because of the strong secondary linkages or Van der Waal forces. Thus the incorporation of camphor in cellulose nitrate is aided by the action of heat and, in addition, solvents. 13 06n&d< | TOWOLDMON0038711 WATER_PCB-00023180 Plasticizers arc an essential aid in processing most resins ami Uj impart flexibility and added toughness to the finished product. Without the softening action of the plasticizer, many rosins could not be fabricated into films. : hoots or useful molded articles. Plasticizers arc* used to improve the- flow of resins through a die or into a mold Plasticizers have made po.-.sible many uses of resir.s in the molding of intricate tonus. By improving resin adhesion, flex; Id lily, and outdoor durability, plnstiei/ers nl.w made possible the (ievelopment of lacquers for automobile and household uses. Mechanically, a plasticizer reduces somewhat the tensile strength, and increases the rhmgaiuin and elasticity of a resin. To possess really high elasticity, the polymer chain must be aide to kink readily. In cellulose derivatives, the chains are themselves relatively stiff and no amount of plasticizing can ever prodf.ee the flexible elastomers that can be obtained with the more extensible molecules such as polyvinyl chloride. By decreasing the Ibices holding the chains together, the plasticizer also lowers the vdrdicafon point, sometimes called tin.' "flex temperature," 01 buttle point. Although in practice all efficient plasticizers are polar compounds, the polarity characlcrisl ics are not a complete guide to the evaluation of a plasticizer. ()ther considerations such as compatibility, permanence, efficiency and ecoimniv c.eUTinine its suitability. In addition, certain plasticizers are used to impart speeial properties not inherent in the resin- - flame retarden.ee, for example. TOWOLDMON0038712 WATER_PCB-00023181 selecting the right plasticizer 0614636 TOWOLDMON0038713 WATER_PCB-00023182 |Q CHOOSE THE SIGHT PLASTICIZER-TO RUILti QUALITY 1. Compatibility 2. Processing mm 3. Performance 4. Permanence 5. Special properties Ptome Resistance Nontoxicity Reiter Gloss Good Adhesion Solvent Resistance Electrical Properties |Q MONSANTO PLASTICIZERS FOR VINYL RESINS 1. Extrusions 2. Milled and calendered stocks 3. Plastisols and organosols 4. Polyvinyl acetate |Q MONSANTO PLASTICIZERS FOR THERMOSETTING RESINS 1. Phenollcs 2. Melamines 3. Ureas 4. Polyesters MONSANTO PLASTICIZBS FOR CEUULOSICS Cellulose nitrate 2. Cellulose acetate and acetate-butyrate 3. Ethyl cellulose MONSANTO PLASTICIZERS FOR OTHER RESINS 1. Polystyrene latex 2. Chlorinated rubber 3. Polyamides and nylon 4. Casein and zein I J 0&1A637 '6 I TOWOLDMON0038714 WATER_PCB-00023183 choose the right plasticizer -- to build quality 17 0bl`t63ti TOWOLDMON0038715 WATER_PCB-00023184 The quality of the plasticizer and the properties it imparts are as important to the final product as the resin itself. Frequently (unless the plasticizer is carefully selected) a desired resin modification may be obtained at the expense of other properties inherent in the base resin. Compounding ingredients such as fillers, colors, lubricants, stabilizers, etc., are all of secondary importance. If the plasticizer is not perfectly suited to a specific commercial application, the other modifying agents are of little use. Choosing the right plasticizer involves consideration of all the following factors: 1, compatibility The compatibility of a plasticizer with a resin is a function of its polarity, molecular size and structural configuration. Slightly incompatible plasticizers may often be made compatible through the use of mutual solvents or other plasticizers. C6l<t6.39 18 TOWOLDMON0038716 WATER_PCB-00023185 processing ease Plasticizers differ in their solvating effects on a given resin. Those which have a strong solvating effect speed up the rates of calendering, banbury mixing, extrusion, plastisol fusion and other processing. Choosing a plasticizer which will give increased processing efficiency is an important means of reducing manufacturing costs, or of increasing production with existing equipment. performance Plasticizer choice has a profound effect on such performance characteristics of a plastic as the following: Hardness, flexibility, tensile and tear strength, abrasion resistance, flame resistance, odor, and color. The expected end-use of a plasticized resin determines the relative importance of the above factors. 061 <6< 0 TOWOLDMON0038717 WATER_PCB-00023186 permanence The "in service" performance of a plasticizer involves the factors which affect permanence; namely, low volatility, solvent resistance, good heat and light stability and resistance to migration. Generally, volatility decreases as plasticizer molecular weight increases. Heat and light stability and odor of a plasticizer depend upon its chemical type and its purity. Purity also determines plasticizer color and taste. Optimum performance qualities can be obtained by proper selection of raw materials, modern methods of manufacture and close quality control. These practices characterize Monsanto plasticizer production. special properties flame resilience nonlexicily better slots peed adhesion solvent resistance eletlrUol properties Beyond meeting basic requirements, a number of Monsanto plasticizers are designed to add specific properties to the end product. Wider application of resin materials and more merchandisable finished products are possible through special properties imparted to end products by proper selection of plasticizers. Monsanto plasticizers may be chosen to impart flame resistance, improved electrical properties, greater low temperature flexibility, nontoxicity, improved solvent and abrasion resistance, etc. The information which follows will aid in the selection of Monsanto plasticizers for given applications and resins. a 061^641 20 | TOWOLDMON0038718 WATER_PCB-00023187 Monsanto plasticizers for vinyl resins 061<i6<t2 TOWOLDMON0038719 WATER_PCB-00023188 extrusions wire and cable coatings Monsanto's Dioctyl Phthalate possesses excellent electrical properties in vinyl wire and cable insulations. It is the major plasticizer for formulating Underwriter's type T and type TW 60 C. wire compound. Extender plasticizers are used to reduce cost in these formulations. Tricresyl Phosphate is recommended for flame retardant jacket stock and for 80 C. wire compounds. Santicizer 160 is of value in type SPT wire insulation where advantage can be taken of its excellent processing characteristics and low cost. HB-20 can also be used as an extender type plasticizer in these formulations. Diisodecyl Phthalate and Di(n-Octyl, n-Decyl) Phthalate are of value for compounds requiring good electrical and heat-aging properties. hose and tubing For garden hose a plasticizer combination of Dioctyl Phthalate (DOP), Santicizer 260 and Dioctyl Adipate gives top quality. Similar quality at less cost can be obtained with Di(n-Octyl, n-Decyl) Phthalate and Santicizer 160. For beverage and hospital tubing, Santicizer B-16 and Santicizer 141 are completely nontoxic and most useful. Monsanto DOP is nontoxic and acceptable for all food applications excepting those foods which have a high fat content. welting, gasket stocks and miscellaneous extrusions Plasticizer combinations of Dioctyl Phthalate, Santicizer 141 and a polymeric type plasticizer offer top quality, good processing formulations. For lower cost, quality formulations Dioctyl Phthalate-Santicizer 160 plasticizer blends with high filler content and extended with secondary type plasticizers such as HB-20 are useful. Santicizer 160 is extremely useful in highly filled stocks because of its good filler-wetting and resin solvation characteristics. 22 0614 6** 3 TOWOLDMON0038720 WATEFLPCB-00023189 2. milled and calendered stocks film and sheeting For quality film a plasticizer blend of Di(n-Octyl, n-Decyl) Phthalate and Santicizer 141, stabilized with polymeric type plasticizers, offer maximum light-, flame- and extraction-resistance and ease of processing. Santicizer 160 is used to reduce cost and improve resistance to extraction by oil and kerosene, as well as to speed up processing. HB-20 is useful for reducing cost. A low cost flame resistant film of good quality can be made with a blend of Dioctyl Phthalate or Diisodecyl Phthalate with Santicizer 141 or 140, plus Santicizer 160 and Dioctyl Adipate. nontoxic films Santicizers 141, B-16 and E-15 are fully approved by the U. S. Bureau of Animal Industry and the U. S. Food and Drug Administration as being nontoxic for use in packaging for all types of meat and food products. Monsanto Dioctyl Phthalate is approved for contact with all foods except those which are fatty in nature. 23 TOWOLDMON0038721 WATER_PCB-00023190 sheeting In sheeting, Di(n-Octyl, n-Decyl) Phthalate is a superior plasticizer for imparting permanence and excellent flexibility at a moderate cost. Diisodcct/l Phthalate or Dioctyl Phthalate combined with Santicizer 160 and either Santicizer 140 or 141 all permit good quality medium-cost formulations, (Sec Monsanto Technical Bulletin 0-70: "Monsanto plasticizers in Polyvinyl Chloride Film and Sheeting.") floor coverings Santicizer 160 and 140 and Tricresyl Phosphate are most useful in all types of vinyl flooring. These plasticizers and combinations of them tolerate large amounts of filler, process well, impart excellent permanence characteristics such as low volatility, good heat and light stability and resistance to extraction by oils, water and soaps. Santicizer 360 and the Phosphate Plasticizers do not have a bluing effect during heat degradation with asbestos fillers. Those plasticizers resist staining by asphalt and common food staining agents. G6i<t6<t5 24 TOWOLDMON0038722 WATER_PCB-00023191 plastisols and organosols Di(rt-Oclyl, n-Decyl) Phthalate imparts to vinyl plastisols and organosols low initial viscosity and slow viscosity build-up on aging. Diisodecyl Phthalate, Diisooclyl Phthalate and Dioctyl Phlhalatc follow in this order of viscosity build-up. Diociyl Adipate and Diisodecyl Adipate, while higher priced, are superior for low viscosity. Sanlieizer HI and Sanf.icizer 160 are useful in blends with Dioctyl Phthalate or Di(n-Octyl, n-Decyl) Phthalate for improving fusion characteristics and speeding up production cycles. HB-20 is useful as an extender type plasticizer. Ortho-Nitrobiphenyl (ONB) finds a specialized use in plastisols for glove dipping because of its low cost and good fusion characteristics. TOWOLDMON0038723 WATER_PCB-00023192 polyvinyl acetate coatings For latex paint, applicatiops. Dibntyl Phthalate and Santicizer 160 are recommended because of their good film formation characteristics, permanence and pigment stability, For paper coatings, Santicizer B-16 and Santicizer 141 are particularly recommended because of their grease resistance and nontoxicity. adhesives Dimethyl Phthalate, Diethyl PhthalQte. Dibutyl Phthalate, Santicizer 160, Tricresyl Phosphate. Triphenyl Phosphate, Santolite MHP and Santolite MS all find utility in various adhesive formulations. (For details, see Monsanto Technical Bulletin No. 0-99: "Monsanto plasticizers in Synthetic Resin Adhesives.") 001^7 26 TOWOLDMON0038724 WATER_PCB-00023193 Monsanto plasticizers for thermosetting resins 061'16`ta TOWOLDMON0038725 WATER_PCB-00023194 phenolics Dibuty! PKtiialate and Santicizer 160 are recommended lor plasticizing phenolics where good cold- and hot-punch characteristics are desired. Tricresyl Phosphate is useful for making flame-retardant la'minates. c melamines Santicizer 9 may be reacted with the Melamines directly, or added after their condensation to impart better flow characteristics, stability and shock resistance. Normally, from 15% to 25% of Santicizer 9 is used. ureas Santicizer 9 is used as flow aid in the molding of urea plastics (improvement results from as little as V2 % to 1 %). Santicizer 9 can also be used with ureas to improve flow characteristics and solution stability in coatings. polyesters Tricresyl Phosphate, Santicizer 160 and Santicizer M-17 can be used with Polyester laminating resins to improve flexibility and to lessen cracking around metallic inserts. 28 06l<649 | TOWOLDMON0038726 WATER_PCB-00023195 Monsanto plasticizers for cellulosics 061*1650 TOWOLDMON0038727 WATER_PCB-00023196 1, cellulose nitrate lacquers Dibuti/J Phthalate is the standard plasticizer for nitrocellulose lacquers. It possesses good solvent characteristics, good solvent release and satisfactory properties from the standpoint of volatility and cold check. Where lower volatility and better cold check characteristics are required, Santicizer 160 and Dioctyl Phthalate are recommended. Saniicizer 160 combines low cost, excellent resistance to water and hydrocarbons, low volatility and good cold check properties. Ortho-Nitrobiphcnyl is useful in low cost industrial coatings where good color and low odor are not prime requisites. Santolite MHP and Sanfobte MS-80' '< arc particularly useful because of their clarity, adhesive qualities and heat-sealing characteristics in such applications as fingernail lacquers, and heat-sealing adhesives. (See Monsanto Technical Bulletin 0-94: '<-80'"santolite mhp and santolite ms Industrial Resins.") moldings and sheeting Camphor is the traditional plasticizer, although it has been partly replaced or extended in some instances by Ortho-Nitrobiphenyl. 30 06U651 TOWOLDMON0038728 WATER_PCB-00023197 cellulose acetate and acetate-butyrate moldings A plasticizer blend of Dimethyl Phthalate, Diethyl Phthalate and Triphenyl Phosphate'in approximately equal proportions offers optimum molding characteristics and physical properties as well as economy for cellulose acetate moldings. Ortho-Nitrobiphenyl is useful for reducing costs while imparting good properties. sheeting Santicizer M-l 7 yields a top quality cellulose acetate sheeting with excellent resistance to outdoor aging and good flexibility. A plasticizer blend of Diethyl Phthalate and Triphenyl Phosphate in the ratio of 2 to 1 is also useful for good quality sheeting. coatings Santicizer 8 and Santicizer M-l 7 are useful for coatings which are resistant to grease and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Plasticizers of good efficiency such as Dioctyl Phthalate and Dioctyl Adipate are useful in cellulose acetate-butyrate sheeting and coatings. TOWOLDMON0038729 WATER_PCB-00023198 moldings and sheeting Dibutyl Phthalate and Triphenyl Phosphate are most useful as primary plasticizers. Low cost oils and petroleum products are used as extenders. coatings The phthalyl glycollates and the sulfonamide plasticizers are useful for coatings where advantage can be taken of their low toxicity and extraction resistance characteristics. Solid plasticizers such as Diphenyl Phthalate and Santicizer 1-H are useful with ethyl cellulose for making delayed-tack heat sensitive adhesives. hot melts Dioctyl Phthalate,Di(n-Octyl.n-Decyl) Phthalate and Santicizer 160 are useful in ethyl cellulose hot melts for paper coatings, shoe adhesives, bookbinding adhesives, etc. 32 0bl<t653 I TOWOLDMON0038730 WATER_PCB-00023199 Monsanto plasticizers for other resins 0614654 TOWOLDMON0038731 WATER_PCB-00023200 KB 1. polystyrene latex Santicizer 160 is most useful as a plasticizer for polystyrene latices because of its good solvation characteristics, low volatility and excellent weathering properties. Plasticizer combinations of Diethyl Pht.halate and Aroclov 1248 are also useful as a reduced cost system with good propsrties. 2. chlorinated rubber Dibutyl Phthalate and Scmticizrr B-16 are useful for imparting flexibility, Monsanto Aroelors are useful for their chemical resistance, flexibilizing properties and low cost. (See Monsanto Technical Bulletin No. P-126: '`Aroelors in--Pliolitc S-5 Resins") 3. polyamides and nylon The sulfonamide plasticizers (particularly Santicizer 8) are most useful as plasticizers which impart additional flexibility. Santicizer 9, a high melting point sulfonamide, is of interest in hot melt type adhesives. 4. casein and zein Santicizer 8 is a solvent type primary plasticizer for these resins. Santicizer B-16 and Santicizer 141 are useful in combination with oleic acid in zein paper coatings. 06146&5 34 TOWOLDMON0038732 WATER_PCB-00023201 application data on various plasticizers TOWOLDMON0038733 WATER_PCB-00023202 II TabU I Comparative Performance, Permanence ond Cost of Various Plasticizers in Polyvinyl Chloride Table II Plasticizer Properties Imported to Various Compatible Resins Table III Plastidzers Most Useful With Various Compatible Resins C&14657 TOWOLDMON0038734 WATER_PCB-00023203 comparative performance, permanence and cost of Monsanto plasticizers in polyvinyl chloride* TOWOLDMON0038735 WATER_PCB-00023204 PLASTICIZER PROPERTY AND METHOD PHTHALATES s? S t? PHOSPHATES A0IPATE S GLYCOLLATES uO LOW TEMPERATURE FLEXIBILITY. (Method of Cloth ond Berg Ind. A Eng. Chem. 34, 1218) -39` --37" --23' --46 --35 -10' --16' -37 1 --65 --61 -26.5 - 18 SHORE HARDNESS, "A" SCALE 72 73 72 75 75 78 77 73 I 70 73 j 76 76 FLAME-OUT TIME, SECONDS (After Heating 30 Sect, with Bunion Burner) 100 45 0 0 38 ! 100 I VOLATILITY, % PLASTICIZER LOST 60.5 4.5 12.0 1.8 1.6 | 1.0 3.4 6.0 13.0 3.4 12.0 30.3 | (Heotod 24 Hrt. ot 105' C. in I Treat Circulating Air Oven) WATER EXTRACTION, % PLASTICIZER LOST (AS1M D57C-42) 0.11 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.02 i 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.10 0.07 i 0.13 0.52 KEROSENE EXTRACTION, % PLASTICIZER LOST (Extracted 96 Hrt. at 27' C.) ! j 25.1 80.0 6.1 85.6 87.0 : 3 0 8.0 20.6 91.0 92.0 PLASTICIZER MIGRATION, % ABSORBED (Linde Silica Teti, 1 Doy ol 25 C. J. R. Geenty in Third Annual Proceedtngt SPI, 1951) 2.0 1.6 5.1 2.0 0.4 1.5 4.0 MEDIUM MEDIUM LOW MEDIUM MEDIUM MEDIUM MEDIUM MEDIUM HIGH HIGH Moieriol Tetied wot 40 MIL Sheet ol 40% Platficixer Concentration. SANTICIZER: Reg. U. S. Pol, OH. 38 TOWOLDMON0038736 WATER PCB-00023205 PLASTICIZER LIOHT COLOR PHTHALATES DIMETHYL DIETHYL DIBUTYL DIPHENYL BUTYL DIOCTYL DJ BENZYL & Dl- (n-OCTYl, (S. 160) ISOOCTYL n-DECYl) PHTHALYL GLYCOLLATES S. 5-15 S. B-16 S. M-17 I l NONTOXICITY SOFTENING EFFICIENCY LOW TEMP. FLEXIBILITY ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES FLAME RESISTANCE LOW VOLATILITY X X GREASE RESISTANCE NONMIGRATION XX LOW LOW MEDIUM HIGH LOW MEDIUM MEDIUM MEDIUM j HIGH HIGH HIGH 'Properties considered for those resins most commonly used with the given plostkizer. X Denotes special value. 39 ''Toxicity work indicates these compounds have o low order of toxicity. They have not E Denotes exceptional value. yet been approved by the BAI or FDA, however. 061^660 S. SANTICIZER: Reg. U. S. Pat. Off TOWOLDMON0038737 WATER PCB-00023206 plasticizer properties imparted to various compatible resins* P H O S P HATES TRIPHENYL TRICRESU S. 140 i S. 141 XX X X X $ S. 1-H X C O z AMID S. 3 S. 8 S.9 XXX A D 1 P A T E S | MISCELLANEOUS DIOCTYL 1 DU ISODECYL i! i Hfu*n u ORTHO- NITROBIPHENYL (ONB) X Xj X XX X X X. X i EE X X 1 ' EE EEE XX X ;X X E X XjX X E E`X X X XX E XX E EXX X X XXX X X E X E; * X X x; XX X XXX XX XX XXX XXXX i ' ' " ' ' ' '1 Xx 1 XX X medium MEDIUM : MEDIUM MEDIUM X HIGH XXX MEDIUM MEDIUM MEDIUM X HIGH x ;x HIGH 1 LOW x LOW , 06Hb61 40 TOWOLDMON0038738 WATER PCB-00023207 PLASTICIZER ' 1 rHTH A lATES -------------------------------------- PHTHAIYL GLYCOILATES RUIN i POLYVINYL CHLORIDE 1 | ! AND COPOLYMERS ' : DIMETHYL DIETHYL DIBUTYL DIPHENYL BUTYL BENZYL DIOCTYL Dl B 01 (n-OCTYL ISOOCTYl w-DICYL) X XX 1 DIISO ; DECYL S. B-15 . ... i -I X S. B-H S M.I? X, * POLYVINYL ACETATE <X X X X X XX * POLYVINYL IUTYRAL XX POIYVINYIIDBNE CHLOU RIDE AND COPOLYMERS NITROCELLULOSE X 1X X X iX * CELLULOSE ACETATE XX -* _i P- 2 CELLULOSE ACETATE. ' ^ O ui BUTYRATE U S ETHYL CELLULOSE , X XX X* xX 1 X X X X XX w ACRYLICS XX X* *" 'U Ui x > t- O POLYSTYRENE CHLORINATED RUBBER POLYAMIDES AND NYLON ZEIN AND CASEIN ; 0 PHENOLIC! iZ : ' ; | MELAMINES 1 Ui , iO , i S i UREAS i | lx i------------------------ -------- | *- | POLYESTERS ' . -------- ' . XXX XX X X X x ___ X D*r>ot*i tpcciol volvs. S. Dnom SANTICIZERi R.g. U. S. Pol. OH. QoUbbi | TOWOLDMON0038739 WATER_PCB-00023208 data on individual Monsanto plasticizers TOWOLDMON0038741 WATER_PCB-00023210 Q Table IV Chemical and Physical Properties and Specification* of Monsanto Plasticizers . Q Graph I Viscosity Curves for Phosphate Plasticizers: Tricresyl Phosphate, Santicizer 140 and Santicizer Ml Q Graph II Viscosity Curves for Phthalyl Glycollates: Santicizer B-16, San ticizer E-15 and Santicizer M-17 QH Graph III Viscosity Curves for Phthalate Plasticizers; Di {n-Octyl, n-Decyl) Phthalate, Diisooctyl Phthalate, Dioctyl Phthalate and Diisodecyl Phthalate Graph IV Viscosity Curves for Phthalate Plasticizers: Dibutyl Phthalate, Diethyl Phthalate, Dimethyl Phthalate and Santicizer 160 44 " G6l<*6t>b TOWOLDMON0038742 WATER_PCB-0002321 PLASTICIZER PROPER TT P H T H A LATE s DIOCTYL PHTHALATE DIBUTYL PHTHALATE DIETHYL PHTHALATE DIMETHYL PHTHALATE DIPHENYL PHTHALATE santicizEr 160 1 E S ;! PHYSICAL FORM H MOLECULAR WEIGHT oc ft. SPECIFIC GRAVITY 2S"/25` C. o tit POUNDS PER GALLON ft. CRYSTALLIZING POINT < o BOILING POINT (760 MM) X FLASH POINT, CLEVELAND OPEN CUP REFRACTIVE INDEX, 25" C. CLEAR, OILY LIQUID 390.5 0.962 CLEAR, OILY LIQUID 278.3 1.045 8.2 8.75 -55' C. (GEL) 386 C. (APP.) 230" C. 5MM 425" F. 1.4840 LESS THAN -- 35 C. 340" C. 340 F. 1.4915 CLEAR, MOBILE LIQUID 222.2 1,120 9.35 -- 0.3" C. 298" C. 305' F. 1.5002 CLEAR, MOBILE LIQUID 194.2 1.189 10 0" c, 282'' C. 300' F, 1.5138 WHITE POWDER 318.3 1.28 DENSITY 69 C. 405' C. 435" F. 1.572 CLEAR, MOBILE LIQUID 312.4 1.116 9.3 LESS THAN -35 C. 370 C. (APPROX.) 390 F. 1.5356 APPEARANCE CLEAR, OILY LIQUID CLEAR, OILY LIQUID CLEAR, WATER-WHITE OILY LIQUID CLEAR, WATER-WHITE OILY LIQUID ESSENTIALLY WHITE FUSED SOLID CLEAR, OILY LIQUID COLOR, APHA 25 MAX. 20 MAX. 10 MAX. 10 MAX. 111 -- z ODOR CHARAC SLIGHT SLIGHTLY SLIGHTLY TERISTIC AROMATIC AROMATIC 0 40 MAX. SLIGHT, CHARAC TERISTIC ______. K REFRACTIVE INDEX. 25 C. 1.4810 1.4905 1.5000 1.5133 < 1.4880 0.001 0.0001 0.001 u 1.534 TO 1.538 1 Ik SPECIFIC GRAVITY 25725 C. 0.980 1.045 1.117 1.189 0.985 0.001 0.005 0.001 LI 1.1 13 TO 1.120 _ ______ ' 0- ACIDITY AS PHTHALIC ACID, 0.01% 0.01% MAX. AS PHTHALIC 0.01% MAX. AS PHTHALIC 0.01% MAX. AS PHTHALIC 0.20% MAX. AS PHTHALIC 0.02% MAX. AS PHTHALIC LA MAX. ACID ACID ACID ACID ACID OTHER ESTER ESTER ESTER FREE PHENOL ESTER ASSAY i ASSAY ASSAY, ASSAY 0.20% MAX. 98% MIN. 1 99% MIN. 99% MIN. 99% MIN, ASH 0.05% MAX. MOISTURE 0.50% MAX. Obl'tbbfi | TOWOLDMON0038743 WATER_PCB-00023212 Diiioocm PH1HA1ATI 1 | DIISODECYL PHTHALATE ; DI(r*-OCTYL, n-DECYL) PHTHAIATE P H O S P HATE s J TRICRESYL PHOSPHATE TRIPHENYL PHOSPHATE SANTICIZER* 140 SANTICIZER 141 s u L F O NAM SANTICIZER 3 SANTICIZER 1 SANTIC 9 Oil V LIQUID CLEAR, OILY LIQUID CLEAR, OILY LIQUID CLEAR, MOBILE LIQUID CLEAR, ! WHITE FLAKES , MOBILE LIQUID S CLEAR, MOBILE LIQUID PRACTICALLY WHITE SOLID CLEAR, VISCOUS LIQUID FINE GRANU. PARTICL 390.5 446.3 416.3 348.4 , 326.4 340.3 362.4 199.3 199.3 171.1 0.982 ' 0.9650 0.9730 1.162 1.268 (AT 60/20* C.) 1.208 1.090 1.253 DENSITY 1 190 1.35: DENSI1 B.2 8.05 ' 8.1 9.7 10 (APPROX.) 9.1 9.92 . --45 C. -53 C. -- 30 C. 233 C. AT 5 MM j1 249-256 C. AT 232-267 C, AT i 4 MM : 5 MM 430 f. 450 f. ' 426 F. LESS THAN -- 35 C. 420 C. 470 F. 49 C. 370 C. 437* F. LESS THAN -- 35 C. 390 C. | 375" C. 59.0 C. (MELT ING POINTI LESS THAN 0" C. 105" (MELTING 340" C. 340' C. 360- 450 F. 435 F. 371" F. 345 ' F. 420" 1.4040 1.4644 ; 1.4820 1,556 1.550 (AT 60 C.) 1.560 1.508 1.522 (AT 65 C.) 1.540 CLEAR, OILY LIQUID CLEAR, OILY LIQUID CLEAR, OILY LIQUID CLEAR, OILY LIQUID WHITE FLAKES CLEAR, MOBILE LIQUID : CLEAR, MOBILE LIQUID PRACTICALLY WHITE SOLID LIGHT YELLOW, VISCOUS LIQUID 35 MAX. CHARAC- | TERISTIC 1.40101.4B80 1 ' -J 0.900 TO 0.985 0-01% MAX. | phtmauc ; ACID | --1_____ 100 MAX. 50 MAX 40 MAX. 20 MAX. (MOLTEN) 40 MAX. 100 MAX 60 MAX. IMOLTEN) 200 MAX. SLIGHT, CHARAC TERISTIC 1.4794 1.4864 SLIGHT, CHARAC TERISTIC 1.4765 1.4855 SLIGHT CHARAC TERISTIC VERY FAINTLY AROMATIC ESSENTIALLY ODORLESS 1.560 2:0.010 , SLIGHT. SWEET 1.507 1.510 1.512 1.532 (AT 65" C.) SLIGHT, CHARAC TERISTIC 0.9645 0.9665 0.968 TO 0.977 0.01% MAX. AS PHTHALIC ACID 0.01% MAX. AS PHTHALIC ACID MG, U. S, PAT. OFF. 1.157 TO 1.173 1.208 0.005 , 1.089 1.093 1.166 1.176 (AT 65 165" C.) 0.01% MAX. AS HjPO, 0.003% MAX. AS HjPO, !0.01% MAX. AS H3PO4 0.01% MAX. (AS PHOSPHORIC) 0.1% MAX. (AS ACETIC) 0.1% *'** AS ACETIC PERMANGANATE PERMANGANATE TEST TEST NO CHANGE NO CHANGE WITHIN Vi WITHIN 'A HOUR HOUR 1 GOl<tb67 ------ - ----------- 46 TOWOLDMON0038744 WATER_PCB-00023213 chemical and physical properties and specifications of Monsanto plasticizers DES PHTHALYL GLYCOLLATES SPECIALTY PLASTICIZERS ADIPATES I SANTICIZER l-H 1 | WHITE ; CRYSTALS 253 i 1.125 i DENSITY SANTICIZER E-l 5 SANTICIZER 8-16 SANTICIZER M-17 ORTHONITROBIPHENYl (ONB) HB-20 "he'xZ1' .< ; CLEAR, OILY LIQUID j | 280.3 J 1.180 CLEAR, i r|F . OILY 1 uoBIIF LIQUID ; "gBILE 336.4 1.097 266.3 1.220 LIGHT YELLOW TO REDDISH CRYSTALLINE SOLID, OR LIQUID PRACTICALLY COLORLESS, OILY LIQUID 199.2 1.203 CLEAR, OILY LIQUID 370.6 0.927 CLEAR. OILY LIQUID 426.6 0.919 9.85 9.15 ; 10.2 10.0 8.1 7.7 7.6 86 ! 87 C. 350 C. 1 i 1 1 YELLOWISH. BROWN , FUSED MASS 250 MAX. (MOLTEN) CRYSTALLIZING POINT 83.5 C. MIN. 20 C 320 C. LESS THAN 1 LESS THAN --35" C. ; -35 C. 345cC 310 C. 34,5 C. MIN. 330 C. (APPROX.) Boiling Range 320-360 C. 214 C. AT 5 MM. 386" F. 390 f. 380" f. 289.5" F. 160" C. 377 F. 1.498 1.490 CLEAR, WATER-WHITE, OILY LIQUID CLEAR, PRACTICALLY WHITE, OILY LIQUID 20 MAX. 45 MAX. 1.504 1.613 (APPROX.) 1.5470 CLEAR, MOBILE LIQUID LIGHT YELLOW TO DARK BROWN SOLID OR LIQUID PRACTICALLY COLORLESS OILY LIQUID 20 MAX. 1 10 MAX,** 1.446 CLEAR LIQUID 100 MAX. 240 C. AT 5 MM. 425 F. 1 450 CLEAR LIQUID 100 MAX. SLIGHT 1.498 0.002 1.182 0.003 0.02% MAX. AS ACETIC CHARAC- j TERISTIC, 1 SLIGHT ODOR 1 SLIGHT CHARAC- TERISTIC 1.490 0.002 1.504 0.002 FAINT AND PLEASANT 0.968 0.974 (25715.5 C.) MILD MILD 1.444-- ! 1.448 , 1.4503 -- 1.4507 1.098 0.005 1.220 0.005 1.5475 0.0005 0.927 0.003 ! (20720 C.) 0.919 0.003 (20'20C.) 0.02% MAX. AS ACETIC 0.02% MAX. AS ACETIC CRYSTALLIZING POINT 34.5 C. MIN. 0.5 MEQ. PER 100 GM. MAX. 0.5 MEQ. PER 100 GM, MAX. -- ft - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 TOWOLDMON0038745 WATER_PCB-00023214 chemical and physical properties and specifications of Monsanto plasticizers EH a ia B t( iv 001`|66V TOWOLDMON0038746 WATER_PCB-00023215 viscosity curves for PHOSPHATE PLASTICIZERS: Tricresyl Phosphate Santicizer 140 and Santicizer 141 Ofal'tbVO TOWOLDMON0038747 WATEFLPCB-00023216 VISCOSITY CURVES FOR PHOSPHATE PLASTICIZERS ASTM STANDARD VISCOSITY-TEMPERATURE CHART [D 341-39) MODIFIED b uoi'.oJl | TOWOLDMON0038748 WATER_PCB-00023217 viscosity curves for PHTHALYL GLYCOLLATES: Santicizer B-16 Santicizer E-15 and Santicizer M-17 061^672 TOWOLDMON0038749 WATER_PCB-00023218 VISCOSITY CURVES FOR PHTHALYL GLYCOLLATES ASTM STANDARD VISCOSITY-TEMPERATURE CHART (D 341-39) MODIFIED TOWOLDMON0038750 WATER_PCB-00023219 viscosity curves for PHTHALATE PLASTICIZERS: Di(n-Octyl, n-Decyi) Phthalate Diisooctyl Phthalate Dioctyl Phthalate and Diisodecyl Phthalate TOWOLDMON0038751 WATER_PCB-00023220 VISCOSITY CURVES FOR PHTHALATE PLASTICIZERS ASTM STANDARD VISCOSITY-TEMPERATURE CHARI (D 341-39) MODIFIED 0bl<tb?5 | TOWOLDMON0038752 WATER_PCB-00023221 viscosity curves for PHTHALATE PLASTICIZERS: Dibutyl Phthalate Diethyl Phthalate Dimethyl Phthalate and Santicizer 160 6 1^676 TOWOLDMON0038753 WATER_PCB-00023222 VISCOSITY CURVES FOR PHTHALATE PLASTICIZERS ASTM STANDARD VISCOSITY-TEMPERATURE CHART (D 341-39) MODIFIED TEMPERATURE DEGREES FAHRENHEIT Ob 1 b 7 ? I TOWOLDMON0038754 WATER_PCB-00023223 TOWOLDMON0038755 WATER_PCB-00023224 lilercHure Available on Morulcinlo Plasticiir$ Technical Service Available 061V 6 ?9 58 TOWOLDMON0038756 WATER_PCB-00023225 literature available on Monsanto plasticizers obi'tsao TOWOLDMON0038757 WATER_PCB-00023226 The following technical bulletins, data sheets and booklets give technical informa tion on the properties and applications of various Monsanto plasticizers and resins. Literature items are available upon request. adipate plasticizers Technical Bulletin 0-106: Technical Bulletin 0-113: DIOCTYL ADIPATE <DOA) DIISODECYL ADIPATE PHTHALATE PLASTICIZERS Technical Bulletin 0-82: DIOCTYL PHTHALATE (DOP) Technical Bulletin 0- 1Q8: DIISODECYL PHTHALATE (DIDP) Technical Bulletin 0-109: DI (n-OCTYL, n-DECYL) PHTHALATE (DNODP) Technical Bulletin 0-92: SANTICIZER 160 (Butyl Benzyl Phthalate) PHOSPHATE PLASTICIZERS Technical Bulletin 0-8%; SANTICIZER V40 Technical Bulletin 0-89; SANTICIZER 141-The Nontoxic Plasticizer SULFONAMIDE PLASTICIZERS Technical Bulletin 0-81: SANTICIZER 3 Technical Data Sheet SANTICIZER 8-Use in Adhesives Technical Data Sheet SANTICIZER 8-Use in Coatings Technical Data Sheet SANTICIZER B-Use in Moldings Other Plasticizers Technical Bulletin 0-78: Ortho-NITROBIPHENYL Plasticizer and Chemical Intermediate Technical Bulletin OD-700: Ortho-NITROBIPHENYL Toxicity Data Bulletin O-P-115: AROCLORS Bulletin O-P-153: HB-20, EXTENDER TYPE VINYL PLASTICIZER Application Literature Technical Bulletin 0-69: Technical Bulletin 0-70: Technical Bulletin 0-99; Booklet: Technical Bulletin 0-94 . Technical Bulletin 0-16: BULK TANK STORAGE OF PLASTICIZERS (Describes mechanical and safe handling procedures! MONSANTO PLASTICIZERS in Polyvinyl Chloride Film and Sheeting MONSANTO PLASTICIZERS in Synthetic Resin Adhesives Faster Processing of Polyvinyl Chloride With Monsanto Plasticizers SANT0L1TE MHP and SANTOLITE MS-80 % (Monsanto Industrial Resins) SANTOMASK II (odor masking agent) 60 Obl^bbl TOWOLDMON0038758 WATER_PCB-00023227 TOWOLDMON0038759 WATER_PCB-00023228 The Plasticizer Sales Department of Monsanto's Organic Chemicals Division is organized to furnish you technical assistance with plasticizing and processing problems. Staffed by men chosen for their knowledge and practical experience with plasticizers, the Plasticizer Sales Department is equipped to study your problem thoroughly and to give advice based on the latest developments in the plasticizer field. From such practical advice you may discover that newly developed plasticizers may enable you to build into your product the exact qualities desired, or they may permit you to boost production with the same equipment you are using. The right combination of plasticizers may allow important processing simplifications. Augmenting this technical assistance on a personal basis is an increasing amount of technical literature which brings to you the latest developments from Monsanto's plasticizer research laboratories. Technical assistance is offered to all who use plasticizers in their manufacturing processes. For prompt technical assistance, simply write or call MONSANTO CHEMICAL COMPANY, Plasticizer Sales Department, 800 North Twelfth Boulevard, St. Louis 1, Missouri. 62 0bl4663 | TOWOLDMON0038760 WATER_PCB-00023229 V Monsanto ____ky(l___ The information contained in this booklet is to our best knowledge true ond accurate, but all recommendations or suggestions are made without guorontee, since the conditions of use are beyond our control. Monsanto Chemical Company disclaims any liability incurred in connection with the use of these data or suggestions. Furthermore, nothing contained herein shall be construed as o recommendation to use any product in conflict with existing patents covering any material or its use. 63 TOWOLDMON0038761 WATER_PCB-00023230 / ..... Monsanto \M!i' _V4_.... , I MONSANTO '' ' " ^1,;, t, . :v;' ' . CHEMICAL C. o M PAN 1 ' ; ORGANIC CHEMICALS DIVISION 8 0 0 N. 12th BLVD. ST. LOUIS 1, MO. 06l<tb85 I TOWOLDMON0038762 WATER_PCB-00023231