Document 0Jde2kgYqyaypXEDDrX1kQDon

TOXIC SUBSTANCES tin. filft'J&l 31:32 (5) (i) Entry Into unkown concentra fSection 1910.93q 0) amenderF'at39 F| -- r ' 1 smiiM. ,, materially impaired by continued ex tions or concentrations greater than 36,000 ppm (lower explosive limit) may be made only for purposes of life rescue; and (ii) Entry Into concentrations of less than 36,000 ppm, but greater than 3,600 ppm may be made only for purposes of life rescue, firefighting, or securing equipment so as to prevent a greater hazard from release of vinyl chloride. (6) Where air-purifying respirators are used: (i) Air-purifying cannisters or car- 41848, December 3, 1974,and redesignated 1910.1017 at 40 FR 23072, May 28, 19751] (iv) The fire hazard and acute toxic ity of vinyl chloride, and the necessary protective steps: (v) The purpose for and a description of the monitoring program; (vi) The purpose for, and a descrip tion of, the medical surveillance program; (vii) Emergency procedures; (viii) Specific information to aid the employee in recognition of condition: posure, such employee shall be with drawn from possible contact with vinyl chloride. (6) Laboratory analyses for all bio logical specimens included in medical examinations shall be performed In labo ratories licensed under 42 CFR Part 74. (7) If the examining physician deter mines that alternative medical examina tions to those required by paragraph (k)(l) of this section will provide at least equal assurance of detecting med ical conditions pertinent to toe exposure tridges shah be replaced prior to the which may result In the release of vinyl expiration of their service life or the chloride; and end of the shift in which they axe first (ix) A review of this standard at tb t used, whichever occurs first, and employee's first training and indoctrina . (ii) A continuous monitoring and tion program, and annually thereafte . alarm system shall be provided where (3) All materials relating to the pro concentrations of vinyl chloride could shall be provided upon request t > reasonably exceed the allowable concen Tread the Direetot. ittvanerilalnmo(tu7yiwoss)laenhc.bAsah,lplelfloopbrcaeirodrtuneahscteeuce_dos_ndntetorpcvaeriactenileose_tsncr_rarsti_intbeifomeoundsprselot.fehyoSxeercueics^hhighe__r.3,r lvoo:teuiufvnteteymLdrleeTgcfdohahicrlreoadelripatdsorceuohrtghvierneeamimlpluealxsoncesyceheesoaesflslerohexpfapsroolpAltsvihrebiaepddetero,oariwcgsnetr,alsatcottmioh- concentrations may be used for any lowir: such employee with an opportunity for conrnitmtion examinations and tests in accordance to vinyl chloride, toe employer may ac cept such alternative examinations as meeting the requirements of paragraph (k) (1) of this section, if toe employer obtains a statement from toe examining physician setting forth toe alternative examinations and the rationale for sub stitution. This statement shall be avail able upon request for examination and copying to authorized representatives of le g-'-'-pf*--'- the Diri__ -ti) Signs mid lubeis. cl] 'TMitrumiex lu~~ regulated areas shall be posted with leg ible signs bearing the legend: Cancer-Suspect Agent Asm Authorized Fnooiraa Only (h) Hazardous operations. (1) Ett -i * ex~ [Section 1910.93q 0) (1) amended at 39 FR ployees engaged in hazardous operation *: an^,^CS?I?re8 sh*Pitw p?r" including entry of vessels to clean poly - formed by or under the supervision of a 41848, December 3, 1974 and redcsisnated as 1910.1017 at 40 FR 23072, May 28, Vinyl chloride residue from vessel wall 1,.*" Dnw!'ted 1975] shall be provided and required to wet r and use; (1) Respiratory protection in accord ance with paragraphs (c> and (g) of ^^(pIu) tA^ot sth6etotitmoeeeomfpinloiyteiael. assignment, or upon institution of medical surveil1SlHCC* (i) 'A general physical examination (2) Areas containing hazardous oper ations or where an emergency currently exists shall be posted with legible signs bearing toe legend: this section; and shall be performed, with specific atten Cancer-Suspect Agent or Tuts Asa (ii) Protective garments to preverit tion to detecting enlargement of liver, Protective Equipment Required skin contact with liquid vinyl chloride c r spleen or kidneys, or dysfunction in these with polyvinyl chloride residue froii organs, and for abnormalties in skin, Authorized Personnel Only [Section 1910.93q (1) (2) amended at 39 FR vessel walls. The protective garment} connective tissues and the pulmonary 41848, December 3, 1974 and redesignated shall be selected for the operation an l system (See Appendix A). as 1910.1017 at 40 FR 23072, Ma'y 28, Its possible exposure conditions, (II) A medical history shall be taken, 1975] (2) Protective garments shall be pro including the following topics: (3) Containers of polyvinyl chloride vided clean and dry for each use. (A) Alcohol intake; resin waste from reactors or other waste (i) Emergency situations. A written - (B) Past bistory of hepatitis; contaminated with vinyl chloride shall operational plan for emergency situa (C) Work history and past exposure be legibly labeled: tions shall be developed for each facilit r co potential hepatotoxic agents, includ Contaminated with storing, handling, or otherwise using ing drugs and chemicals; vinyl chloride as a liquid or compresse 1 (D) Past history of blood transfu gas. Appropriate portions of the plai sions; and Vinyl Chloride Cancer-Suspect Agent [Section I910.93q (1) (3) amended at 39 shall be implemented in the event of a 1 (E) Past history of hospitalizations. FR 41848, December 3, 1974 and redesig emergency. The plan shall specifically (iii) A serum specimen shall be ob nated as 1910.1017 at 40 FR 23072, May provide that: tained and determinations made of: 28, 19751 (1) Employees engaged in hazard - (A) Total bilirubin; (4) Containers of polyvinyl chloride operations or correcting situations of e: . iB) Alkaline phosphatase; shall be legibly labeled: isting hazardous releases shall (C) Serum glutamic oxalacetlc trans Polyvin tl Chloride (or Trade Name) equipped as required in paragraph ( aminase (SGOT): Contains of this section; (D) Serum glutamic pyruvic transam Vinyl Chloride (2) Other employees not so equlpp inase (SGPT); and Vinyl Chloride is a Cancer-Suspect Agent shall evacuate the area and not retu: . (E) Gamma glustamyl transpeptidase. (5) Containers of vinyl chloride .snail until conditions are controlled by tl (2) Examinations provided in accord be legibly labeled either: methods required in paragraph (f) ance with this paragraph shall be per this section and the emergency is aba1 2 3 4 f5ormed at least: ^ Vinyl Chloride (j) Training. Each employee engai ; (i) Every 6 months for each employee . Extremely Flammable Gas Under Pressure in vinyl chloride or polyvinyl chlori who has been employed in vinyl chlo Cancer-Suspect Agent operations shall be provided training ride or polyvinyl chloride manufacturing or (ii) In accordance with 49 CFR Parts a program relating to the hazards for 10 years or longer; and 170-189. with the additional leeend: vinyl chloride and precautions for safe use. (1) The program shall include: (ii) Annually for all other employees. Cancer-Suspect Agent (3) Each employee exposed to. an applied near the label or placard. emergency shall be afforded appropriate | Section I910.93q (1) (5) (ii) amended at 39 (i) The nature of toe health hazai from chronic exposure to vinyl chlorii including specifically the carcinogen!! medical surveillance. (4) A statement of each employee's suitability for continued exposure to FR 41848, December 3, 1974 and redesig nated as 1910.1017 at 40 FR 23072. May 28, 1975] hazard; (ii) The specific nature of operatib) which could result in exposure to vinyl chloride in excess of the permissible limit and necessary protective steps; vinyl chloride including- use of protec tive equipment and respirators, shall be obtained from toe examining physician promptly after any examination. A copy of the physician's statement shall be pro (6) No statement shall appear on or hear any required aim, label or instruc tion which contradicts or detracts from, the effect of. any required warning, information or instruction. (iii) The purpose for, proper use, and limi vided each employee. tations of respiratory protective devices; (5) If any employee's health would bi (m) Records. (I) All records main tained in accordance with this section 6-12-75 Copyright I9V5-by "iTie QuI'eWurNT rs, Inc. ISsc. 1910.1017] 103 SL 027808 j344B REFERENCE FILE shall Include the name and social secu rity number of each employee where relevant. (2) Records of required monitoring ,nd measuring, medical records, and au^thiorized personnel rosters, shall be made and shall be available upon request for examination and copying to authorized representatives of the Assistant Secre tary and the Director. (i) Monitoring and measuring records shsJl* (A) State the date of such monitor ing and measuring and the concentra (o) Effective dates. (1) Until Janu ary l, 1975, the provisions currently set forth in 5 1910.93q of this Part shall apply. (f i Effective April 1. 1975. the provision, se; f.tih in Sec. 1910,9 3q of this Part shjll -Ppll- [Section 19I0.93o(om 1 and (2) amended at Vs, I07s|________ _ eras A--Supplementaet Medical XSTOKAtATIOr.- WXen required e*3W under paragraph (till) of this section show abnonnalitiej. the tests should be repeated as soon as prac ticable, preferably within 3 to 4 weeks. If tions determined and identify the instru tests remain abnormal, consideration should ments and methods used: <' Include any additional informa tion necessary to determine individual employee exposures where such expo sures are determined by means other than individual monitoring of employees; and (C) Be maintained for not less than 30 years. til) Authorized personnel rosters shall be given Co withdrawal Of the employee from contact with vinyl chloride, while a more comprehensive examination is made. Additional tests which may be useful: A. For kidney dysfunction: urine examina tion for albumin, red blood cells, and ex foliative abnormal cells. * 3. Pulmonary system: Forced vital capac ity, Forced expiratory volume at I second, and chest roentgenogram (posterior-anterior. 14 x IT Inches). be maintained for not less than 30 years. C. Additional rerum tests: Lactic acid de (iii) Medical records shall be main hydrogenase. lactic acid dehydrogenase tained for the duration of the employ ment of each employee plus 20 years, or 33 years, whichever is longer. (3) In the event that the employer isoenzyme, protein determination, and protein, electrophoresis. D. For a more comprehensive examination an repeated abnormal serum tests: Hepatitis 3 antiren. and liver scanning. ceases to do business and there is no i Secs. 6 and 8, 84 Stat. 1596. 1599 (29 U-S.C. successor to receive and retain his rec 655. 657): Secretary of Labor's Order No. ords for the prescribed period, these rec 12-71,36 FR 8754) ords shall be transmitted by registered l)91Q.93q added at 39 FR 35896, October mall to the Director, and each employee individually notified in writing of this -*$"1915194--Ventilation. transfer. (4) Employees or their designated (a) Abrasive blasting--(1> Defini representatives shall be provided access tions applicable to this paragraph.-- ti) to examine and copy records of required Abrasive. A solid substance used in an lonltoring and measuring. abrasive blasting operation. (6) Former employees shall be pro (iii Abrasive-blasting respirator. A vided access to examine and copy re continuous flow air-line respirator con quired monitoring and measuring records structed so that it will cover the wearer's reflecting their own exposures. (6) Upon written request of any em ployee, a copy of the medical record of that employee shall be furnished to any physician designated by the employee. (n) Reports. Cl) Not later than 1 month after the establishment of a reg ulated area, the following information shall be reported to the OSHA Area Di rector. Any changes to such information shall be reported within 15 days. (i) The address and location of each establishment which has one or more regulated areas; and (ii) The number of employees in each regulated area during normal operations, including maintenance. (2> Emergencies, and the facts ob tainable at that time, shall be reported within 24 hours to the OSHA Area Di rector. Upon request of the Area Direc tor, the employer shall submit additional head, neck, and shoulders to protect him from rebounding abrasive. (hi) Blast cleaning barrel. A complete enclosure which rotates on an axis, or which has an internal moving trend to ramble the parts, in order to expose vari ous surfaces of the parts to the action of an automatic blast spray. (iv) Blast cleaning room. A complete enclosure in which blasting operations are performed and where the operator works inside of the room to operate the blasting nozzle and direct the flow of the abrasive material. (v) Blasting cabinet. An enclosure where the operator stands outside and operates the blasting nozzle through an opening or openings in the enclosure. tvl) Clean air. Air ot such purity that it will not cause harm or discomfort to an individual if it is inhaled for extended information in writing relevant to the periods of time. nature and extent of employee exposures (Til) Dust coUentav. A device or com and measures taken to prevent future bination of devices for separating oust emergencies of similar nature. from the air handled by an exhaust (3) Within 10 working days following ventilation system. any monitoring and measuring which viii> Exhaust ventilation system. A discloses that any employee has been system for removing contaminated air exposed, without regard to the use of from a space, comprising two or more respirators in excess of the permissible exposure limit, each such employee shall e notified in writing of the results of ;he exposure measurement and the steps being taken to reduce the exposure to of the following elements (a) enclosure or hood, (b) duct work, (c) dust collect ing equipment, (d) exhauster, and (e> discharge stack. (ix) Particulate-filter respirator. An air purifying respirator, commonly re within the permissible exposure limit. ferred to as a dust or a fume respirator, [Section 1910.93q (n) (3) amended at 39 which removes most of the dust or fume FR 41848, December 3, 1974J from the air passing through the device. Occupational Safety A Health Reporter (x) Respirable dust. Airborne dust in ozes capable of passing through the up per respiratory system to reach the lower lung passages. (xi) Rotary blast cleaning table. Ah enclosure where the pieces to be cleaned are positioned on a rotating table and are passed automatically through a series of blast sprays. (xli) Abrasive blasting. The forcible application of an abrasive to a surface by pneumatic pressure, hydraulic pres sure, or centrifugal force. (2) Dust hazards from abrasive blast ing. (i) Abrasives and the surface coatings on the materials blasted are shattered and pulverized during blasting operations and the dust formed wJU coutr.ln particles of respirable size. The comp.,-sltio!i and toxicity of the dust from Lt25o sources shall be considered In rook ing an evaluation of tlie potential health hazards. (11) The concentration of respirable dust or fume In the breathing zone of the abrasive-blasting operator or any other worker shall be kept below the levels specified in 191093. (iii) Organic abrasives which are com bustible shall be used only in automatic uystems. Where flammable or explosive dust mixtures may be present, the con struction of the equipment, including the exhaust system and all electric :, shall conform to the requirements of American National standard Installa tion of Blower and Exhaust Systems for Dust, Stock, and Vapor Removal or Con veying. Z33.1-1961 (NFPA 91-1961), and the National Electrical Code. NFPA VO1971 ; ANSI Cl-1971(Rev.c.r C1-19CS i. The olast nozzle shall be bonded and grounded to prevent the build up of static charges. Where flammable or ex plosive dust mixtures may be present, toe abrasive blasting enclosure, the ducts, and trie dust collector shill be con structed with loose panels or explosion venting areas, located on sides away from anv occupied area, to provide for pres sure relief in case of explosion, follow ing the principles set forth in the Na tional Fire Protection Association Explo sion Venting Guide. NFPA 63-1954. 119i0 94(a)(2)(iii) amended at 39 FR 19468, June 3. 1974) (3) Blast-cleaning enclosures, (i) Blast-cleaning enclosures shall be ex haust ventilated in auch a way that a continuous inward flow of air will be maintained at all openings in the en closure during the blasting operation. (a) All air inlets and access openings shall be baffled or so arranged that by the combination of inward air flow and baf fling the escape of abrasive or dust parttcules into an adjacent work area will be minimized and visible spuits of dust will not be observed. (b) The rate of exhaust shall be suf ficient to provide prompt clearance of the dust-laden air within the enclosure alter the cessation of blasting. (c) Before the enclosure is opened, the blast shall be turned off and the exhaust system shall be run lor a sufficient period of time to remove the dusty air within the enclosure. (d) Safety glass protected by screen ing shall be used In observation windows, {Sec.1910.94(3) (d)1 12 SL 027809