Document 0JYL5K8Dp8djOxJjO1gKqNgVV
38-- Industrial Toxicology
pH II
Ih
+
1196
TABLE 38-E THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES FOR CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES IN WORKROOM AIR, 1973 (Continued)
brated, in the laboratory, for re sponse to this specific quantitative and qualitative air-vapor mixture, and also to fractional concentra tions of this mixture, e g, 1/2 the TLV, 1/10 the TLV, 2 X the TLV, 10 X the TLV, etc )
TLV of mixture =
f. TLV.
u TLVs
+'
u TLV.
+
_L_
TLV.
Example No 1 Liquid solvent contains (by weight) 50% heptane (TLV = 2000 mg/m3) 30% methylene chloride (TLV = 1740 mg/m3) 20% perchloroethylene (TLV = 670 mg/m3)
TLV of mixture =
,]t ,02
2000 + 1740 + 670
11 0 00025 + 00017 + 0003 = 0 00072
= 1390 mg/m*
Of this mucture 50% or 695 mg/m3 is hep tane, 30% or 417 mg/m3 is methylene chloride and 20% or 278 mg/m3 is perchloroethylene
These values can be converted to ppm as follows
Heptane2000 mg/m' = 500 ppm
1 mg/m3 = 0 25 ppm 695 mg/m3 = 174 ppm
Methylene chloride1740 mg/m3 = 500 ppm 1 mg/m3 = 0 287 ppm 417 mg/m3 -- 119 ppm
Perchloroethylene-- 670 mg/m3 = 100 ppm 1 mg/m3 = 015 ppm
278 mg/m3 = 42 ppm
The TLV of this mixture = 174 + 119 + 42 = 335 ppm
1A c Independent effects Air contains 0 15 mg/m3 of lead (TLV, 0 15) and 07 mg/m3 of sul furic acid (TLV, 1)
015 0 15 = 1.
^-07
Threshold limit is not exceeded
IB a General exact solution for mixtures of N components with additive effects and different vapor pressures
U) c, , C, .
t; + t,+
. c,, .
(2) Ci + Cj + (2 1) Ci , C, .
Y + ijr *4"
+ o
9 II
+ - i1
By the Law of Partial Pressures, (3) Ci -- api
And by Raoult'ia Law,
(4) p, = Fipi Combine (3) and (4) to obtain
(5) C, = aF.p," Combining (1), (2,1) and (5), we ob tain
(6) Fipi ( FiPpi' |
F,,p,, T
FiPi , F,pi T, t T,
FDp0
and solving for T,
(6 1) T
FiPi 4- Fpi 4-____ + Fop.'
Sel* + ^ +
T, ' Ti '
F.p,,
(6 2) T
2>.'
EFiP!*T,
T - Threshold Limit Value in ppm C = Vapor concentration in ppm p = Vapor pressure of component in
solution p= Vapor pressure of pure compo
nent F = Mol fraction of component in
solution a = A constant of proportionality
Subscripts 1,2,
n relate die
above quantities to components
1,2, n, respectively