Document 0J0nxzxzZaa6KDXaQ5LdKrQYO

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR JAMES J. DAVIS. Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS ETHELSERT STEWART, CommUiknrt BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES! \J_ OAC BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS/................llO. JUO iNDll'mTXI ATTCTDEN TS A WTT-HTtlT EWX~ SXRTES-------------- OCCUPATION HAZARDS AND DIAGNOSTIC SIGNS A GUIDE TO IMPAIRMENTS TO BE LOOKED FOR IN HAZARDOUS OCCUPATIONS Br LOUIS I- DUBLIN. Phu D. SuUilldw Matro^olItM LU* intunac* Co* itd PHILIP LEIBOFF Washington government printing office 1922 14 OCCUPATION HAZARDS AND DIAGNOSTIC SIGNS. 0. Dunpuii, Health hazard. Symptom, condition, or disease to look for. Occupations which offer such exposure. Dlropness. Diseases oilhormpinitory passages, neu ralgic and rheu matic affections. Acid dippers; alkali-salt makers; artiSdal-tce makers; artltifidal-sllk makers; autopainters; baten(tannery); beam- house workers (tanners); beatermen (paper and pulp); bleachers; bleachery dryers; blockers (felt hats); Douer' washers; brewers; brickmaken: cable splicers; caisson workers; calicoprinters; candymakers;cansen;cartridgecup washers; cartridge felt and wad makers; cartridnshot shall paraffin dippers; rbarcoe] workers (sugar refining); dayand bisque makers (pottery); day-plug makers (pot tery); doth preparers; concentrating-mill workers (lead end tine); cotton-mill workers; creosoting-plant workers: digester-house warkers(paperand pulp); doiTen (textile); dresser tenders (textile); driven; dye makers; dyers; eieetroplaters; eaamelera; explosives workers; extractor operators (soap); lelt extractors; idt-hat makers; (ertlliier makers; filter-press workers; fisherman; flax spinners; flush tenders (aluminum); gaivanisats; glass cotters; glass finishers; glate dippers (pottery); glove makers (leather preparers); glm workers; grinders (metals): gun cotton washers; hair workers; Icecream makers; lasters (shoes);laundry workcrs;lima pullers (tannery);unoteum makers; masons; match-laden workers; miners; mirror aOverers; nickerplaters; ps<9dng-hodse employers; paint makers; paper makers; petroleum refiners; pbosphatemlllworkets;phosphonis-evaprsUng-madiuieoperators; plcklers; plasterers; pottery workers; prepartrsCtannery): pressmen (oil refining); pullerj-out (felt haLs); pulp-mill employees; reftigersnng-plant workers; -roller coverers (cotton mills); sagger makers; salt prepares; semen tend ers (pulp mill):sewer workers; shavers (felt bats, fur, tan nery); sixers (felt hats); slip makers (pottery); smoothers (glass); soap makers; sods makers; sodium-hydroxide makers;spongers; stamp-mill workers: starters(felthat3); stone cutters (wet process); sogarrefiners; sulphite cooks (pulp mill); sumackers (tannery); tablehandsftannery); tank men; tannery workers; telephone linemen (trench work); temperers; textile workers; thread giaxers; tile makers: tinners; tobacco mdatallers; torpentlne extract ors; vatmen; velvet makers: vnlranltets (steam); wattpaper printers; washers; washers (rubber); woolsceunra. D. DUST. Dusts have here been divided into two kinds, according to their chemical composition, namely, organic and inorganic. The dif ference in symptoms listed nnder each is based on the findings of recent investigators that organic dusts do not cause pulmonary lesions. Dr. H. Hi M. Landis1 has found that wherever fibrosis was present in the lungs of men exposed to organic dust, the latter was always mixed with some form of mineral or metallic dust. Tobacco workers exposed to organic dust for years showed no pulmonary changes other than those found in people living in the city. Mineral and metallic dusts, however, produce fibrosis of the lung tissue, the extent of which depends on the time of exposure and the particular dust inhaled. Of the inorganic dusts, silica is the most harmful, producing serious pulmonary damage in a comparatively short pe riod of time, while the least harmful are those which produce slight changes and then only after long exposure, for example, lime, coal, etc. The relationship between occupational dust and tuberculosis is rather a doubtful one. Authorities disagree as to the effect of fibrosis on the resisting power to the tubercle bacillus. Dust, by acting as a carrier of'the bacilli, may increase their number in the 18*e article on "The Pathological and Clinical Manifestations Following the Inhalation of Dust," Ln The Journal erf Industrial Hygiene, July, 1919, pp. 117-139, ') "i 'f  --V-" - rv. -r-r'--'*- r-'- air Iifof ry Iras as co is he ar 1*4* S IQoSf by he 1" w- 9 **?t -ifcr. <V LIST OF HAZARDS, ETC., AND PREVENTION. 15 lungs. In this way, men exposed to dust may be in greater danger of contracting tuberculosis than others. Dr. H. B. M. Landis claims, however, that in the trades exposed to inorganic dust, mistaken diagnosis of pneumoconiosis swells the mortality statistics for tuber culosis. As a means of avoiding incorrect diagnosis of pneumoco niosis, Boantgen ray examinations of the lungs and sputum analyses are invaluable. ' ^ There are four' effective methods: that miy'be tfsed to prevent the ihhalatiotl of dost generated during md&Stdnl processes. 2?o one of thesfc can apply to 'all conditions, rmt the particular method to be used most be adapted to the peculiarities of tne process. ........... The use of water to dampen the dust fihfTthus" prevent" it" ftom.rising and fUHng the atrab^ph^re., ........... (2) The nee of exhaust systems which remove the dost at the point of cdgm. . (3) The use of enclosing chambers in which the dust-producing processes are confined, being regulated from the outside. (4) The nse of respirators sna hclmets. In many cases it may be necessary to combine several of these measures effectively to prevent the inhalation of dust by the worker. D. Put. fob. pccapatfoa* which aft* such ea^osure. l. Inorganic dust__ _ Cough, dyspnea, pleu Acetylene makes; iasbettp*vVflckwsrib&sic slag (artificial ritic perns, hemopty mamzre) workers; ww^'fdw bed rubbers sis, clubbed fingers, (marble and stone); bench moiaers (foundry); beveilen; marked flatness of *' *'* `* ....................... i; bronzes; chest, deficient ex makers; pansion (unilateral), . ... . carbon-brush dullness, diminished makers; carborundum workers; card grinders (textiles); resonance, mucous casting cleaners (foundry); cement workers; charcoal raias*:. fibrosis, in workers (sugar refining); chargers (smelting); chargers flammatory' condi (tine smelting); chasers (steel); chimney sweepers; tion of eyes, ears, nose and throat: colds.chronJc catarrh of respiratory tract, sine): core makers; crucible mixers; crushennen (clay chronic catarrh of and stone); cut-glass workers; cutlery makers; cyan amid digostive tract, pleu makers; diamond cutters; electrotypers; emery-wheel risy, tuberculosis. makers; engravers; fertilizer makers; file cutters: fliers: flint workers; floor meiders (foundry); flue cleaners; foundry workers; glass blowers; glass cutters; glass finishers; glass mixers; glaze mixers (pottery); gold beaters;gold refiners; graphite workers: grinders (metals): gypsum workers; bora workers; Jewelers: Junk (metal) refiners; lapidaries; lead smelters; lime burners; lime kiln charges; lima workers; Linoleum makers; litho graphers; marble eutters;2nasons;malch-(actory workers; metal turners: mica strippers or splitters; mica workers; miners; mixers (rubber); mixing-room workers (mis cellaneous); mold breakers (foundry); paint removers; paperbangers; phosphate-null workers; pit ladders (foundry);;p]*laner men *(atone, meta'l)*; pl'asterers; pl'as`ter m rans workers; pneumatio-tool workers; polishers: pottery workers; pounoers (felt hats); pressmen (printers'': Erinten; putty makers; putty polishers (glass); pyrites urners; q.uarr_ymea; rubber workers..;....s.a..g..g.e..r maker.s..; salt preparers;'sand blasters; sand cutters; senders; sanding machine operators; sandpaperers (enameling ana painting auto bodies,etc.); saw fliers; scrapers (foundry); screen workers (lead and zinc smelting); sifters; stnterihg- piant workers; slate workers; slip makers (pottery): smoothers (glass); spinners (asbestca); stamp-mill workers; statuary workers; stone cutters (dry); stone ostlers (wet process); sugar refiners; sulphur burners: table turners (enameling); textile-comb makers: tile makers; tool makers; top fillers (foundry); tumbling* barrel workers; weighers.