Document 06qgxOaGrjZ6e2djj352pgEyO

Itiduatrtal Hygiene Digest December. 1962 Xtr I 11)0 Proteinuria in Chronic Cadmium Poisoning. (2) The Applicability of Quantitativs and Quali t tative Methods of Protein Pet*rmiiwttcn for the Demonstration of Cadmium Proteinuria. i *4. Piacator. Arch. Covirantni*i 3^, Jtb-Jdd (Oct. 1962). IJ The value of quantitative and qualitative methods for protein estimation in case* proteinuria due to chronic cadmium poisoning has been studied by examining ariae from 40 workers exposed to cadmium and from controls comprising IS other metal workers and to personnel at the Institute of Hygiene. Karolinsks institute!-- a total of 6S subjects. For quae, ticative timelions when the protein content is low. the amido-black method described by HerenUn* or a biuret method after precipitation of protein with Tsuchiya's reagent may b* used. Trichloroacetic acid, the precipitation agent commonly used in quantitative estisr.atioA. of urinary protein, ia suitable only If used in a final concentration of 4% and if the precipitin, are centrifuged at fairly high speeds. Estimated by the method employed, normal urine i;fc diurnal volumes of about l, 000 ml. bat a protein content of about 5 mg. %, with an upper of about 10 mg. **. The most suitable qualitative tests fee examining cadmium proteinuria i~^ other types of proteinuria with similar electrophoretic protein distribution are the trichUr aeetle acid test and the Oooaggio reaction. A combination of these 2 tests provides a Jsltlv reliable method /nr tXiferoatiol eiagnnsis. abaci*- j :e it. the boiling test, and the nitric ic'd ____ test are unsuitable because they do not give a revpouae unless the protein concentration if fairly high. Hone of these tests is specific for cadmium proteinuria, and other dissasss which gtae rise to simlut reactions must tie ays be considered in the differential diagoou. . Author*e summary 11* ^ - 1119 y.ebreathlng Estimate of Carbon ld~.rx.xide Hemoglobin. J. D. Hackney, et al. Aten. Environmental Keaitc 5, 100-10? (Oct* 1*92). Indirect methods of estimating carbon monoxide hemoglobin (COHb) fall into 2 groups: re&rtatking and breath holding, ftebreathing methods have the advantage of requir* tag less subject cooperation and aid in sampling alveolar gas. Normal subjects rebreathed 4 liters of oxygen for 2 minutes. Samples of 29 cc. were analysed for oxygen and carbon monoxide using gas chromatography. These results were substituted into the Haldane rela* tlonship (M value 195). A total of 59 rebreathing estimates were compared with blood COHb measurements ir. normal subjects. There was good correlation between the estimated and measured COHb: Mean COHb 5. Ifc, the SD. 22, coefficient of variation 4.4%. Using an as sumed oxygen concentration may lead to large errors in estimating the COHb. Previous re- breathing methods have utilised nitrogen wash out or other time consuming approaches. The authors' method requires 2 cr.ir.ucet and eppears to have greater sensitivity. Preliminary atudlne on chronic tong disease subjects are reported. - Authors* summary . IK ' 1140 Estimating Recent Carbon Monoxide Exposures, A Rapid Method. A. Ringotd, et al. Arch. Environmental Health S( iCA.ilfl jOcu I9fci| A valid method for determining the carboxyhemoglobin level in the body baa been developed. The method is based on the 20-aec&n<l breach-bolding method first described by 1; Jones, et al, (J. Lab. Ctta, Mec. 51, 551 tApr. 1953)), using an infrared analyser first reported by Lavther and Apihrip (Brit. J. Ind. Med. 12. 126 (i*?SS))- The authors'work shows that a poly vinyl bag car. he used for collection of samples in the field. An application of this method it reported. This confirms the fact that cigarette smoking is a major factor in detcr'r.inir.tg -.ho ^srhox/hvrr.i^lobin level in a population. Pipe and cigar smokers appear noMohav* rr.-.ch increase in carbnxyhemcgloatn. The method should be suitable for studying i he. rnUUnnsUp <A earboicyhernogtobin tc occupational and to ambient air pollution exposure*. i Authors' summary i i i 114 114