Document 06oYkbpvEw9EqVYJ3NVdbYEXb
FILE NAME Brakes BRK
DATE 1935 Feb DOC BRK002 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION London Home Office Silicosis and Asbestosis
/ HOME OFFICE |
Feb. 1935
MEMORANDUM
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ON THE
INDUSTRIAL DISEASES OF
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LONDON
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STATIONERY MAJESTY'S Adastral STATIONERY George PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY HIS
STATIONERY OFFICE
eeny
To be purchased directly from H.M.
STATIONERY OFFICE at the following addresses
Oe
wg
House Kingsway London W.C.2
120
et. York Street Manchester
Andrew's
George Street Edinburgh 2
te, ae
Manchester ; 1
Andrew's Crescent
Crescent Cardiff;
St. ate at
80 Chichester Street Belfast
gt
or through any Bookseller
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1935
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1. Introduction
see
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eee
soe
oor
PAGE
2. The origin and development of silicosis
eee fF
teen
A
ooo
aoe
3. Industries and processes in which silicosis occurs
5
7
4. Means of prevention
( dust suppression ii exhaust ventilation iii iv initial and periodic medical examinations
other methods
...
one
9 5. Provision for compensation
6. Medical arrangements for examination and certification of cases ...
7~. Note on asbestosis
eos
oor
cory
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eee
eee
12
APPENDICES
1. Bibliography ...
oe
ere
eee
eee
ome
eos
eee
II List of Compensation Schemes and processes to which they apply
III List of Panels of Silicosis and Asbestosis Medical Board
IV Fees payable for examinations and certificates by Medical Board
eee
14
:
15
16
17
The dise
in this co
thosewho
3 niasons wi
p*hthisis a
metals.ormetals.or
appeared called , p
gold mines
indicate th
re tuberculos
:processes
of the wor
. The iinc nc
D: uring
th
5
certified 5
and silica
i from the
the
2 premises s
inent and
- ablement
ment and
. death the : Asbesto
in many
. of asbesto :
processes of a consiconsi
| years 193
a and 5 dea
i
- The obj
"3
can be tak
and the a
tion of wo
Research
the knowl
diseases di
aa Silicosis
dust whic
particles r
where son
process wh
- 28128
Pete 143
NAT SEP : .
ty?
ie
:
POT 23
Sa SD
BST
CLES
TRS
O3 S BLY
nvSvs
na y
Me
a
disease of the lungs now
PE ee EE
silicosis
known in this country in very early times as a
was recognised
disease
trade those who worked on certain kinds of stone It
affecting
masons working with sandstone and was called ocsctuorrneed ammaosnognsst
phthisis " in later times metals sandstone
it
was
found
in
those
employed
in
grinding
on appeared too in
wheels
and was
called
"
grinders
rot it
"
potters who worked with ground flint arid was
called potters asthma and amongst miners in lead tin and
it ignodlidcamteinthee ssawmaes known as " miners phthisis All these terms
disease tuberculosis It has
silicosis which may be accompanied by
been found occur in many industries and
processes all of which have one characteristic in
of the workers to the inhalation of silica dustexposure
" The incidence of silicosis continues to be serious and
widespread
During the three years 1932-4 the Silicosis Medical widespread
Oe
certified 52 cases of disablement and 17 deaths from Board have
id
and silica brick works 252 cases of
ganister mines
ee
from the
getting
and
manipulation
disablement
of
and
79
deaths
SN
sandstone at quarries or
AIS
pmreenmtisaensd w9o2rkdeedatihns conjunction therewith 289 caseosf disable VANE
ablement and 105 from the pottery industry 532 cases of dis-
deaths from coal mines 319 cases of disable-
ae ment and 142 deaths from other industries In
OE death the
workmen
had previously
been
certified
some
as
of cases *
Asbestosis is a disease of the
disabled +
lungs which resembles silicosis
in many ways It is produced as a result of the inhalation of
of asbestos and the increased use of this mineral in
dust
processes
during
recent years
has
been
followed
by
manufacturing
the
-
of a considerable number of cases of the disease
occurrence
ome
years 1932-4 the Medical Board
During the three
ote
and 5
certified 60 cases of
Tae
disablement deaths anong workers in the asbestos industry
vere
The object of this Memorandum is to set out briefly what thestheese
Sbee
diseases are how and where they are produced the
SA
can be taken to prevent them the provision made formecaosmupreenssawthiiocnh Prone ee
and the arrangements for the medical examination
tion of workmen
and certifica-
fe
ser Research is going on under the direction of
;
pointed by the Medical Research
a Committee ap-
Council with a view to extending
the knowledge and understanding of silicosis and other
diseases due to the inhalation of dusts
pulmonary
pulmonary
2.The origin and development of Silicosis
>
Silicosis is produced by the action of minute
dust which have been inhaled in the
particles of silica
particles make their
act of breathing These
e
where
some
way them
into
the
deepest
recesses
of the
lungs
ee
process which
remain and produce a slow inflammatory
OEP
WT
eventually destroys the lungs 8
ROTE
28128
cae
A PORT
we
'
CERT
ernt
NE
FORE
ed ee
DdTg
&
Ngee
Os:
Fine Si MEEDre
Silica is almost the sole constituent of rocks such as quartz flint and chert and forms a considerable proportion of others such
as sandstones and granite In order to produce silicosis the dust
must be in the form of minute particles so small as to be invisible
to the eye except that in a beam of sunlight they may appear
as a cloud like smoke This dust is produced when any of these
rocks are broken crushed ground or cut with a chisel or drill
_ or when any ground silica is manipulated in the dry stute unless
. special means are taken to suppress the dust
a
.u:,,These minute particles of silica dust float in the air and when
-
+ inhaled pass through the nose and throat and along the bronchial ;tubes to the smallest branches which end in the expanded balloon-
of .. like sacs of which the respiratory tissue the lungs is coin-
posed The nasal passages have an important function in helping to cleanse the air from dust before it reaches the lungs and
although the value of this function varies very widely in different individuals and under different conditions it is always better to take advantage of the protection afforded by breathing through the
. nose Many of the dust particles do not come into contact with
the walls of the bronchial tubes or sacs but are breathed out
again in the returning air stream
Some of the particles are
caught on the moist lining of the bronchial tubes and are readily
removed with the mucous secretion A certain proportion of the
particles which find their way to the sacs come to rest on the
walls and these are attacked by living cells from the lung tissues
and are conveyed either outward to the bronchial tubes or towards
the drainage channels and spaces of the lung If the quantity of
'
dust is small the cells will be able to deal with it successfully but
if it be excessive they will be unable to remove it and the dust laden
cells will accumulate and give rise to an inflaminatory process Once this process has commenced it continues more or less slowly
to produce a kind of scar tissue fibrosis which ultimately replaces
the lung substance at first in small spots or nodules which may become joined up to form larger areas The extent of lung tissue involved will depend on the concentration of silica dust in the
atmosphere and the period of time over which the worker has been
exposed to it
'*
When silica dust is inhaled even in injurious amount it produces no immediate effects because it does not irritate the nose or
throat Sooner or later however the effects begin to be felt When the fibrosis of the lung has advanced to a certain extent
shortness of breath appears and increases it may be to such a degree as to render the worker incapable of continuing at work Morcover chest trouble arising from infections such as tuberculosis
influenza and common colds is liable to be much more serious
. in persons affected with silicosis than in those with healthy lungs and at any time in the course of its development silicosis may be-
come complicated
organs
It is possible to in the atmospher
several kinds
particles counted : examinations of {
dustrial processes
dust varies withi
than 10,000 parti remembered that 500 cubic centime
a minute it will
reach the lungs di
It has not yet
limit within which Attempts have be dustries carried
States granite ind
in tunnelling in ee dards may be of
methods used for be wrong ado
safety under di Before standards be obtained of the the lungs and me the concentration
Much progress ba
ordinated resea
being carried on:
Indusa
Silica widely widely
stituent of many
stone sandstone c it is present in ma chief areas where
shire . Lancashire Cheshire and Nort
shire and parts of shire Fifeshire
Granite and other
and Devon parts
District and in the
s such as quartz
rtion of others such de silicosis the dust
all to be invisible t they may appear
when any of these
ha chisel or drill
ne dry state unless
the air and when along the brouchial
3 expanded balloonthe lungs is comfunction in helping es the lungs and widely in different
|
is always better to
bihing through the
into contact with
it are breathed out
@ the particles are Des and are readily Yrproportion of the
ome to rest on the
in the lung tissues il tubes or towards If the quantity of
it successfully but 7
and the dust laden 7 amatory process nore or less slowly ultimately replaces
iodules which may
tent of lung tissue
silica dust in the
ie worker has been
is amount it proirritate the nose or .
begin to be felt
6. certain extent quay be to such a
Sntinuing at work
ach as tuberculosis
nuch more serious
with healthy lungs
it silicosis may be-
5
come complicated by these or other infections of the respiratory
organs
It is possible to determine the concentration of particles of dust in the atmosphere of any workplace by means of instruments of several kinds Samples of the dust can be collected and the particles counted and measured by microscopic examination Such examinations of the atmosphere have been made in many in-
dustrial processes and it has been found that the concentration of
dust varies within wide limits of less than 100 particles to more than 10,000 particles in a cubic centimetre of air When it is remembered that a man during ordinary quiet breathing inhales
500 cubic centimetres of air with each breath and breathes 16 times
a minute it will be seen that the number of particles which can reach the lungs during a working day is enormous
It has not yet been possible to determine for all industries the
limit within which a concentration of dust may be considered safe
Attempts have been made to determine the limit for special in-
dustries carried on under uniform conditions as in the United
States granite industry the South Africa gold mining industry and in tunnelling in sandstone at Sydney Australia Such standards may be of value in estimating the relative efficiency of the methods used for suppressing dust in a single industry but it would be wrong to adopt any of these standards as the measure of safety under different conditions and in other industries Before standards of safety can be set up moro knowledge must
be obtained of the factors which influence the action of dusts on
the lungs and methods of precision must be devised for measuring
the concentration and character of dust clouds which cause disease Much progress has been made in these directions as result of
ordinated research and more is hoped for from work at present
being carried on
censiad
Industries and processes in which silicosis cccurs
-
Silica is widely distributed in nature and occurs as the chief con-
stituent of many rocks such as quartz quartzite ganister grit-
ers
stone sandstone chert flint and in the natural quartzose sands and
on
it is present in many of the igneous rocks including granite The
want
chief areas where sedimentary silica rocks are found are in York-
man
shire Lancashire Northumberland and Durham Derbyshire
Cheshire and North Wales South Wales Somerset and Gloucester-
shire and parts of Scotland including Angus Ayrshire Dumfriesshire Fifeshire Lanark Midlothian Morayshire and Stirling Granite and other igneous rocks are found principally in Cornwall and Devon parts of Leicestershire and North Wales the Lake
District and in the West and North of Scotland
,
28128
A3
6
Certain natural deposits of silica occur as the remains of animal and vegetable life the best known of these deposits being perhaps kieselguhr kieselguhr
All processes which involve the manipulation of any of these
materials in the dry state in such a way that the
up into minute particles and inhaled are liable
silicosis Chief among these are -
silica is to give
broken rise to
_ ;mining or quarrying of quartz quartzite ganister sandstone
gritstone or chert
Loe
se
oe ,
us
|; drilling and blasting these rocks 0+
ges E)
+l
possible and
ing sufficie
vent escape
-
where the
ge
are require
It also n
entering
are workin
~ ventilation
+. breaking crushing and grinding rocks or of dried
of quartzose sand or dry deposits or dry residues silica and the
manipulation of the crushed or ground material in the dry state
Oe mason's work on sandstone or granite ;
-: largely ties of fine gives the w
of these dr
ATA manufacture of ganister or silica bricks and other refractory
materials
Coe
ae
TY
dressing by
the Home (
SRT pottery breaking crushing or grinding of flint and processes in the
In this A
pottery industry involving the use of powdered flint materials
_ containing flint;
nn
Se
refract |
"., grinding of metals by means of grindstones composed of ~
the natural or artificial sandstone;
graphs oft
and
refract
refract
quired as as
silica .
-.
.
dust dust
; fettling of steel castings and
cod
*. tent the
+s.graphs of th
eles .* sandblasting done by means of compressed air with use of
~ in these ini
oe
quartzose sand or crushed silica rock or flint
Ave
iii Oth
yte
. consisting
oe
Means of Prevention
7
an air supp
sag
an
The most important means for prevention include i suppression
protection
ope
of dust ii ventilation iii other methods of of preventing the in-
dust and is
am,
halation of dust iv medical examinations
| occasionally
ems
( Suppression of dust includes all measures which
*)Respirato
OF
prevent
haust ventil
CA
the dust from being produced It is sometimes successfully
of such veni
Colm accomplished by the use of water but to be effective the supply
of water must be sufficient to keep all surfaces of the material
_- tors at pres
ete
.; wet during whole process In some cases as in grinding
- tissue affor
AT
-, of metals effectual dust suppression is only attained by the
_ vestigations
complete immersion of the metal being ground
and Industr
FOF
Lola
:- factory type
ii Exhaust Ventilation One of the most widely applied
~ hoped that
Sor . means of prevention is by localised exhaust ventilation which
| properties w
to be effective should be applied at or as near as possible to
_. The effect
Rt
the point of origin of the dust and so arranged with reference
.
workers em
to the air inlets and general ventilation of the room as to
>exposure to
APOE. prevent dust from entering the atmosphere of the work-
: is required
em place Where the dust is produced over a large surface as in
ing of Cutle
he ;crushing machinery conveyors or mechanical sieves it is
*
usually necessary enclose the machine as completely as
At 97 Hersel
10 a.m. p.m. +
Wee ge
eee
ante
ct
er
~ ST ERT ey
of animal g
g perhapsperhaps
isof these is broken
2ofdried and the
dry state
oo
;
refractory
.
ippression | rethe in-
h prevent
iccessfully
he supply
e material
i grinding
ed by the ly applied applied
ion which
ossible to
reference
om asto
the work-
ace in
ves it is
pletely as
awe
7
. possible and to apply exhaust draught to the inside of the hous
ing sufficient to maintain a slight negative pressure and pre
vent escape of dust from apertures In the case of silica dust
where the particles are minute considerable care and experience
are
in designing the plant for the removal of dust
required prevent It also necessary to
the dust from the exhaust plant
working entering theatmosphere of any room or place where persons
are
and for this reason systems of localised exhaust
ventilation must be provided with dust collecting appliances
The percussive drills worked by compressed air which are
largely used at mines and quarries and produce large quanti-
trap ties of fine dust can now be provided with a " dust
"
which
gives the workman workman efficient protection
of these dust traps are now in use
A considerable number
The principle in these
drills has been adapted to pneumatic tools for stone
dressing by a device the working of which is demonstrated at
the Home Office IndustrialIndustrial Museum
In this Museum there are also exhibited a series of photographs of the chief processes in the pottery metal grinding
and refractories industries and the protective measures re-
quired as well as specimens of the materials giving rise to silica dust microphotographs and dust counts of the dust con-
tent of the atmosphere of the places and ray photographs of the lungs of workers affected by silicosis due to work
in these industries
iii Other preventive measures breathing apparatus
a
consisting of a helmet or closely fitting facepiece provided with an air supply drawn through a tube from a pure source affords
protection for workmen employed in processes giving rise to
dust and is most useful in industries which are carried on
occasionally only or for short periods
Respirators can never be regarded as a substitute for exhaust ventilation but for processes which are outside the range
of such ventilation an efficient respirator is desirable Respira-
tors at present available with a filtering medium of fibre or
tissue afford insufficient protection against fine dusts but in-
vestigations are being made by the Department of Scientific
and Industrial Research with a view to the provision of a satis
factory type Considerable progress has been made and it is
hoped that before long a respirator possessing the necessary properties will be produced
The effectual segregation of dusty processes so as to protect
workers employed in dusty processes from unnecessary
exposure to dust should be adopted wherever practicable unecsary It
example Grind- iinsgreoqfuCiurtelderfyorand Edge ToionlsraRceignuglgartiinodnsstones by the
* At 97 Horseferry Road Westminster S.W.1
10 a.m. p.m. Admission free
Open on every week
epOv
aad
oe
te
mas
e
Een
ee we
es
em
mba em
te
oe
WN
OTe
ld Ve
mtg
Wek.
Soe
aR
RT
CMe
ae
IME
Pater
meh
wt
UTA
Bit
e l!
ne't
meni
ted
bona
in
meen
epee
share
avery
eyo
et
ws
Atha
vale
seman sed
Mt
6:
tae
ret
ete
ete
o> atte
ee
Ce
tan
Be
ve
Oh
Ste
Cabdsene
ee
e ended
ante
e
ne
treme
pecae [oN
ewe
a
Fe
i
e eesan
pe
oma mre cone
saass
i
mee
bo e cee nema
eneae
8
The success of preventive measures depends not only on the satisfactory design and installation of the exhaust ventilation system but to an even greater extent on the proper maintenance of the apparatus or plant provided In this connection there is a responsibility on the workman as well as on the management and the undermentioned codes of Regulatious make it obligatory on the workmen employed to make full and proper use of the appliances provided and to report forthwith to the management any defect
in the same
Regulations to safeguard the workman against the inhalation of silica dust are now in force for the grinding of metals and cleaning of castings the manufacture of cutlery and edge tools handling moving breaking crushing grinding or sieving of refractory material and the manufacture of silica bricks and certain processes in the manufacture of pottery
For the detailed requirements regarding each industry reference . should be made to the particular code of Regulations but broadly they consist of the effective enclosure of the apparatus with provision of efficient localised exhaust ventilation and an approved system of mechanical general ventilation the provision of a steam or water spray the segregation of the dusty processes and general measures for securing greater cleanliness of the premises and appliances
In factories and workshops to which special Regulations do not apply the powers given in section 74 of the Factory and Workshop Act to require the provision of localised exhaust ventilation .
or other mechanical means for removing dust for any process in which dust is generated to an injurious extent are exercised to
prevent exposure to silica dust
Section 78 of the Coal Mines Act 1911 requires generally that mechanical drills used for drilling in highly siliceous rocks shall be
provided and used with an effieficient cient means to prevent the escape of
dust into the air
-
Under the same Act general Regulations have been made for
ganister mines and under the Metalliferous Mines and Quarries Acts special rules have been established in tin mines and in many quarries where ganister sandstone and other silica rocks are worked
iv Initial and periodic medical examinations in _ certain processes are required to be examined medically when
*
The Grinding of Metals Miscellaneous Industries Regulations 1925 S.R. & O. 1925 No. 904
The Grinding of Cutlery and Edge Tools Regulations 1925 S.R. & 0
1925 No. 1089
a
{ The Refractory Materials Regulations 1931 S.R. & O. 1931 No. 359. The Pottery Silicosis Regulations 1932 S R. & O. 1932 No. 393 } S.R. & O. 1920 No. 873
On
een
Tae
not m
if sili
theros theros
theros
cert
of cert
' 2 indicat
o. and m
.
x
sary p aes
one
Compens Compens
silicosis or
emplo mer
- risk of the _ special con
visions of t Special Coi under the which and
given in A
applications
actual Com
larly the d
Schemes I
!
Medical
z
PY wor
have a
,
paragraphs
apply to
'.which are se s
- These art Committee s be made for
published by
PN TE TNT E ORII TOY wy
:
a
el En
ee eee eee
on thesatis
lation system
enance of the
is a responnent and the
gatory on the the appliances
nt any defect
cae ,
inhalation of
yand cleaning
tools
hand,hand-
of refractory
t certain pro-
stry reference
+ butbroadly is with pro-
an approved
,,of.a. steam
and general
remises and
ations
and Work- . tventilation
y process in to
exercised
eneralyenerallythat shall be -
he escape of|
~
made for
indind QuarriesQuarries
ind in many
are worked
-Workers in
lically when
ulations 1925
25S.R. & O. 359. No. No.
392
9
{ first employed ind also at intervals during their employ-
inent The object of the initial examination is to prevent
who workinen whose respiratory physique is defective and
if
not more liable to contract silicosis run much greater danger
periodic if silicosis develops from entering the industry The
medical examinations which are carried outat the works should
be of great value as a preventive measure They enable cases
of silicosis to be detected at an early stage and if the workman is then excluded from or voluntarily gives up further employment in the dusty processes the development of the disease may be arrested They also enable persons found to be suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis who not only expose themselves to additional risk by remaining in the dusty ind^"striesbut are also a possible source of infection to their fellow workers to be eliminated and they provide cumulative evidence as to the changes in the workman's condition which is of the greatest assistance in diagnosis when the question arises
- of certification for purposes of compensation Further they indicate where the conditions are still giving rise to the disease
and may thus be of material assistance in enabling the necessary precautions to be taken
:
Provision for compensation
Compensation in cases where death or disablementis causedby
silicosis or silicosis accompanied by tuberculosis contracted during
employment is now payable in all the industries where a serious
risk of the disease exists Owing to the nature of the disease a
special compensation procedure different from the ordinary pro-
visions of the Workmen's Compensation Acts has had to be devised
Special Compensation Schemes have been made by the Home Of^,,ce
under the powersgiven by Parliament for the purpose a list of
Certificates compensation which and an indication of the processes to which they apply is
given in Appendix II Before making claims to
or
applications to the Medical Boardfor
see below the
particu- actual Compensation Schemes should be carefully studied
larly the definitions of the processes given in paragraph2 of the
Schemes
Medical Arrangements for examination and certification of
:
cases.f
Any workman desiring to make a claim to compensation aust
have a certificate from the Medical Board appointed by the Home
* See the Silicosis and Asbestosis Medical Arrangements Scheme 19311931
paragraphs 12 and 13 as amended by the Scheme of 1931. The requirements
Industries apply to the processes in the Refractories Sandstone and Pottery
which are set out in the Schedule to the Scheme of 1931
These arrangements are based on the recommendations of a Departmental
Committee appointed to advise as to the medical arrangements which could
published the bo mado for the diagnosis of silicosis The Report of
by II.M. Stationery Officein 1921 Price 6d
Committee was
an
: Nears,
at
2
One
ek
Be
ab
let
esleets
Ne Bi
die
alte
abte
treed
roe
Tne
SM
ae
ae Pe we
hale
eet
ye
5
eet
el
Jee
Sole
he
Bee
y
TET
pee
s
WSi
emcmne
renam
ve
ae
rr
at
Seit,
mee
mae
cee Met a
we
^'
Heanor toe tee
ene Lk
ey ole
em
eteae mies
Re
ane
feat
neg
ee
2
mene eta
fy
4
?
4
4
10
2
Office unless his employer agrees that he is liable to pay compen-
Before issu
sation without such certificate
to the employ
This Medical Board consisting of a Chief Medical Officer and
"
"
eight Medical Officers is divided up into four panels of two
lished nuder 1 made or subn
Medical Officers each with centres at Bristol Manchester Sheffield
a ployeror the
and Trent The Chief Medical Officer is stationed at
panels Sheffield A list of the
given in Appendix III
and the area assigned to each is
3
The remuneration andexpensesof the Medical Board are paid out
of a general Medical Expenses Fund whichis maintained out of
fees payable by the employersand workers or their dependants
These fees and the directions as to when and how they are to be
,
Exceptin
required to is
PAT
sufferingfron
LT, such degree
TOR
the industry
examinationiexaminationi
Appendix workm ey
paid are set out in
IV
If
Expenses He
The Medical
Fund administered by five Trustees
ination is as
re consisting of two employers and two workers representa-
nient on acco acco
we , 4
tives and one official representative The present address of
the Board ississ
Home work the Secretary of the Fundis the
Office Whitehall London
this the
provisio? ns
of
co
.
Certificates of disablement or suspension workman desiring
- Certificates Certificates
to apply to the Medical Board for a certificate is advised in his own
- tion out
interests to consult in the first instance his Approved Society
Board Save
ek
who will arranged for him to be examined by the Regional Medical
entitled to we
te
San M tion Officer appointed under the National Flealth Insurance Acts This
life and the
od examination will be free of cost to the workman If the Regional is unnec
eat Medical Officer is satisfied that there is reasonable cause for sus-
mortem exan
artaa pecting the existence of silicosis he will certify accordingly On desired cla
production of this certificate the workman will be entitled to
tion should b
examination by the Medical Board at a reduced fee He should send the certificate together with the prescribed fee either to the
arrange for Coroner order
chief officer of the Medical Board or to the senior
meniber of the
senior panel for his area see Appendix III stating Scheme under which the claim is made
stating thethe Compensation
the name and address of
employed the works of the empemplloyer oyer who last employed
himin a proces process in-
cluded in the Scheme the nature and duration of the employment
and the date when he left the employment The Medical Board
panied by the
and informati
man's emplo
Coroners have
to the arrang
the Board an
notify will then fix a time and place for the examination and will
the workman accordingly
notify
Thereis no appeal from the Medical Board's decision and hence
it is important that all material information and especially the
employraent history should be given to the Board
at the examin
uJ
IndusDtriies Isnpduostsraiels
of
J
ASLO, workers have Medical Boar
If the workman fails to obtain the certificate from the Regional
application Medical Officer he may still decide to proceed with his
for examination by the Medical Board but in that case he will
be required to deposit a fee based on the full cost of the examina-
tion
of which will however be refunded to him if the Medical
part certificate Board issue a certificate
and the liability of the
has
employer been established
_
MPS
appropriate JoJo
SUL
man
man
or
his de
'
In cases ar
to the workin
comm claim to
Cate for these oothth
EL
:,
employer wh
Dare ay
Fa
ean s
a
to pay compon-
ical Officer and
"
Danels
of two
hester Sheffield
is stationed at
ned to each is
ard are paid out
intained out of
eir dependants they are to be
five Trustees F representant address of
ehall London
kman desiring
sed in his own
roved Society gional Medical
Acts This
f the Regional cause for sus-
ordingly On e entitled to
x He should
Heither to the
embeorf the
Compensation nd address of a process inemployment
edical Board
id will notify
n and hence
specially the
the Regional s application
case he will the examina
the Medical mployer has
5d
Sapa
11
Before issuing any certificate the Medical Board send a notice
to the employer or where a Compensation Fund has been estab-
lished under the Scheme to the Fund and consider any statement
made or submitted to them in writing by or on behalf of the em-
ployer or the Fund
oe,
'
Except in cases of death below Medical Board are not
ATS to QU
required to issue a certificate unless the workman is found to be
suffering from silicosis or silicosis accompanied by tuberculosis
such a degree as to make it dangerous for him to continue work in
We
aa
the industry or process but an intimation of the result of the
examination is sent to the workman in every caso
obi
oat
If workman who is subject to initial or periodic medical exam-
examination employ- ination is as the result of such
excluded from
of ment on account silicosis or silicosis accompanied by tuberculosis
the Board issue a certificate for which no fee is payable and on
this the workman can base a claim to compensation subject to the
provisions of the appropriate Compensation Scheme
an
be a rears Certificates of death cases of death from silicosis compensa-
tion can only
claimed on
certificate given by the Medical
Board Save in exceptional cases where the deceased workman was
entitled to weekly payments under a Compensation Scheme during life and the Medical Board are satisfied that a post mortem examination is unnecessary this certificate will only be given after a post mortem examination It is important therefore that when it is desired to claim compensation for the death of a workman application should be made without delay to the Medical Board who will
arrange for the post mortem examination except where H.M.
Coroner orders one to be made The application shoulbde accompanied by the fee prescribed bythe Regulations see Appendix IV
and information as to the nature and duration of the deceased workb 32a man's employment In cases where inquests are held H.M.
SRG Coroners have been invited to consult with the Medical Board as
to the arrangements for the post mortem examination and to give
the Board an opportunity either of making or of being represented
at the examination
:
;
.. Disposal of certificate as in the Refractories and Sandstone
Industries Joint Committees representing both employers and workers have been appointed for the settlement of claims the Medical Board will forward the certificate to the Secretary of the appropriate Joint Committee who will cominunicate with the work-
man or his dependants as the case may be in regartdo the claim
In cases arising in other industries the certificate will be sent to the workman or his dependants who should then notify the claim to compensation direct to the employer Under the Schemes for these other industries compensation is recoverable from the employer who last employed the workman in one or more of the
p
ee
Rtad
ted
Ratan
hihee
bit
aehet
iat
cdaat
a
ee Harem Mets ey
Tire
ee
e
ncaa,
we
oe
ie
te
Ree
te
a t
ee,
Mca
INA PAEYU
ciate
tao
., as
~ we
smeys
Ute
NAeT
BME
Tet mS
EAR
Lt eek Lhe aS hot tes
wg
Treks
WE? Ye, WV pov oy
12
processes and the procedure for recovering compensation is sub-
stantially the same as that laid down in the Act for
compensation for accidents or scheduled diseases *
recovering
Asbestosis
Asbestosis is a disease of the lungs produced as a result of the
inhalation of asbestos dust usually over a period of several
and occurs in workers in occupations associated with producyteiaorns
of asbestos dust in a fine state of division It is characterised by
a special type of fibrosis of the lung tissue which resembles
in its general features of causation and
silicosis
from it in some of its clinical and
development but differs
pathological manifestations
| The characteristics of the dust which gives rise to the
*
differ in some ways from the silica particles which cause sidliicsoesaisse
In the case of asbestos owing to the fibrous character of the
mthiinneral many of the free particles are elongated and extremely
;
The change
fibrosis
produced
in
the
lungs
is
a
gradually
developing
in the form of a network throughout the lungs
|
The nodular
distribution of the fibrosis so characteristic of
Tuberculosis may exist but
silicosis silicosis is not seen
frequently as in silicosis
apparently does not supervenes supervenes
supervenes
Once the fibrous tissue change is established in the
disease becomes progressive The first
lungs the
usually shortness of breath and it remainpsrotmhienemnotstsypmrpotmoinmenits +
one throughout Bronchitis bronchiectasis and
are complications frequently met with
pneumonia
dy,
vist Industries and processes in which asbestosis Processes
involving exposure to asbestos dust which are known to
to asbestosis or in which the
give rise
conditions are such as to be liable to
porpoednuicneg tahned dgirsienadsiengareof thaesbebsrteosakianngd ctrhueshing disintegrating
of asbestos or any admixture of asbestos the manumfiaxcitnugre o ofr assbieesvtionsg tale
textiles the making of insulating slabs or sections and the
tae
or repairing of insulting mattresses
making
ooff aasrtbiecslteos s and the sawing grinding acnodmptuorsneidngwihnoltlhye odrrypasrttaltey
composed wholly or partly of asbestos such
.
car brake and clutch linings jointings electric
as motor
Tee
and some types of electrodes
insulating materials
Means of prevention in the case of silicosis
control of the dust is the chief means
, suppression or
means of preventing the disease
The Asbestos Industry Regulationst Regulationst require the adoption of wet
methods effective enclosure of
producing machines adoption adoption
**
See Home Office Memorandum on the Workmen's Workmen's
1925-1931 H.M. Stationery Office price Bd
Compensation Acts
S.R. & 1831 No. 1140
oa
PE
i
sand
vata
nas
ns opeetee
Cae PER RW h
5 compensation is sub-
the Act for recovering Mases
luced as a result of the
period several years ociated with production It is characterised by
which resembles silicosis
levelopment but differs gical manifestations ives rise to the disease es which cause silicosis
ibrous character of the
longated and extremely
rey.
a gradually developing
the lungs The nodular of silicosis is not seen
does not supervene so
ae
lished in the lungs the prominent symptom is ins the most prominent
; and pneumonia
Stosis -Processes are known to give rise
ce such as to be liable to crushing disintegrating the mixing or sieving
e manufacture of asbestos
sections and the making mposed wholly or partly
turning in the dry state
asbestos such as motor
ctric insulating materials
of silicosis suppression or fpreventing the disease uire the adoption of wet ucing machines adoption
orkmen's Compensation Acts
Speeyen ve nah measey tet HA. perth tee ed ot 2 tes Marine
eer
fom ot on
se
wines
ee
let:
|
1919
of enclosed mechanical methods instead of
dusty hand work generally and application producing points
hand conveyance and
of exhaust draught at
As in the silica industries initial and periodic medical examina-
tions may be of great value as a means of preventing or arresting the development of asbestosis and these are obligatory for workmen employed in the processes of breaking crushing disintegrating opening or grinding of asbestos and the mixing or sieving of asbestos or any admixture of asbestos and in the making of asbestos
,
textiles and insulating mattresses
Provision for Compensation.- Compensation is provided for under a special Scheme in cases of death or disablement caused by asbestosis or asbestosis accompanied by tuberculosis This Scheme applies to workmen employed in the processes a list of which is given in Appendix II at any time on or after 1st May 1931. The compensation is recoverable from the last employer who employed the workman in the processes and the procedure for recovering
compensation is substantially the same as that laid down in the Act for recovering compensation for accidents or scheduled diseases
Medical arrangements for examination and certification of cases medical arrangements for the examination and certi-
fication of cases are similar to those described in the earlier pages
of this Memorandum for silicosis
* Silicosis and
and 13 S.R. & O. O. 1934 No. 889
Asbestosis 1931 No.
Medical Arrangements Scheme 1931 pars 12 Arrangements
341 as amended by the Scheme of 1934 S.R. &
ht
fed
etfave
LENE ny
ry
eT bhatones:
TeRiatnhecdis
ECATNeo.p nt
a
eneaTreene
re d
Sen
YN
re
mer
fe
far
evoran
~ crenvt
Fake
est
CAT
&
baa AN 98 ee dy oe ALE LP
ane
OME
-> le
TBFete
pe
TEES
i
a
14
- APPENDIX BIBLIOGRAPHY :'
we
1 Industrial Pneumonoconioses with
Special Reference to Dust
i
}
LIST OF
Phthisis By Dr. E. L. COLLIS H.M.
t
Stationery Office 1919
Journal A Study of Pulmonary Silicosis
i
1. Re
soe Journal of Industrial Hygiene March 1921 By Dr. E. L. MIDDLETON
i
Refract
ee
3 " Manufacture of Silica Bricks
sts
.
-_ siliceous
Refractory oe
in : Furnaces with special referenco and Other
Materials used
facture
the Workers By - W.
to the effects of Dust Inhalation upon
e COLLIS H.M. Stationery
Office
SYDNEY
1917
ST--and
Dr. E.
L. .
the gat
ae
-4
"
Report
the
Fa
Dts
2
ae
sale or
special
on
reference
Grinding
the effects
of Metals
and
Cleaning
yf
of Castings with
with a
eth
By E. L. MACKLIN
of
-
Dust
Inhalation
upon
the - Workers
and Dr. E. L. MIDDLETON H.M.
s. 3. Mer
tae
Stationery :
: with the
ar
Fa By 5 Report on theSUTHERLAND Occurrence of Silicosis
| sandston
ot
By Drs C.
. SUTHERLAND and S.
among Sandstone Workers |
Workers
ale
BRYSON H.M. Stationery
1.4 Var
. Scheme
me
eh
6 Report on the Incidence of Silicosis in
mining &
By Drs C. L. SUTHERLAND and S.
the Pottery Industry
_ by the R
Pe
BRYSON H.M. Stationery Office
drillinmignerais
ve
7 Report on the Occurrence of Silicosis
at By Drs C. I. SUTHERLAND S. BRYSON anadmoNn.g Granite Workers <.
minerais
mines ;:31
in so far
Stationery Office 1930
cone
KEATING H.M.
ing grin
ie ( First Reporotf the Departmental
Committee Compensation for Silicosis dealing with the
on
Refractories
he
1919. H.M. Stationery Office 1921
Industries Silicosis Scheme |
Silicosis
highly sil
certain sp , - to the ma
Ret
AR
.
9 Report of the Departmental Committee
S1i9l2ic3osis dealing with the Pottery Industry
on
H.M.
10
"
Report
of
the
Arrangements which could
Stationery Office 1929
Departmental Committee as be made for the Diagnosis of
Compensation Compensation for
Stationery Office
to the Medical Silicosis H.M.
"
11 Silicosis of the International
;
nesburg in August 1930. International
Conference held at Johan-
Labour Office Geneva 1930
12 Report on the International Conference
Johannesburg in August 1930. By Dr. E.
on Silicosis held at
Stationery Office 1931
L. MIDDLETON
H.M.
electrical
"+" sandblasti
-- 7 with the
*
undergrou
5. Asbes the followi
ing crushi
siering of
-
asbestos te
- composed r . on in the
machinery
As 13 Physical Methods for the Estimation of the Dust Hazard in
appliances
and turnin
ate
Industry with special reference to the
"
F. L. GREEN and H.
Occupation of the Stonemason
asbestos e
Research Council
H. WATSON Special Report No. 190 of the
By
impregnate
of the Privy Council H.M.
Medical
14 Report on Effects of
Stationery Office 1935
Suppression in the Asbestos
Asbestos Dust on the Lungs and Dust
S.R. &
-
and Mr. C. W. PRICE
Industry
H.M.
By Dr. E. R. MEREWETHER
Industries S
* Stationery Office 1930
15 The Occurrence of Pulmonary Fibrosis
tions in Asbestos Workers
and Other Pulmonary Affec-
By Dr. E.
Scheme 192
AsAs
R.
As
Industrial Hygiene May and June 1930
MEREWETHER Journal of
AAss 16 A Memorandum on
Scheme 192
AsAs Tubercl"e November and DecemAbseberst1o93s3isandByJaDnru.arE y 1. 931A. MEREWETHER - S.P.
As
17
ing
Report on Conferences between
As
ing Methods for
EmployEmployeers rs and Inspectors
. Scheme supe
Suppressing Dust in
Inspectors concern-
Stationery Supresing
Office 1931 |.
Asbestos Textile Factories HM
_ No. No. 975 as
No. 1095
COMET ~ f S.R. &
ny
om
4
and Sistasinas
Sistans
Sandals nee OTT Fn
tnt
ees stp
ey
ieee
TELLS Cee Po ake:
was
Toate EE OP
RE -
yk
ens
:
15
APPENDIX H.
LIST OF COMPENSATION SCHEMES AND THE PROCESSES TO WHICH THEY APPLY
siliceous materials 1. Refractories Industries Silicosis Scheme 1931 Scheme for the
Refractories Industries that is the getting of ganister and other highly and the manipulation of such materials in the manu-
facture of silica bricks and other articles for lining furnaces ET ET HENR
2. Sandstone Industry Silicosis Scheme This Scheme covers
the getting and manipulation of sandstono with view to manufacture
or S
sale or use at mines or quarries on premises worked in conjunction
or
an
worked
conjunction
with a mine or quarry
IMO 3. Metal Grinding Industries Silicosis Scheme 1931. Scheme deals with the grinding of metals on grindstones composed of natural or artificial
TMT sandstone and certain incidental processes
general
os
GA
' 4. Various Industries Silicosis Schemes 1931 1931 and 1935general
Scheme embracing a variety of processes in different industries industries including
ete of silica rock except in so far as this is covered
mining and quarrying
Sandstone Industry Schemes see above
Neda by the Refractories Industries and
of other
drilling and blasting in silica rock in or incidental to the getting
NTE minerals any operations underground in coalmines and haematite iron ore
; :
stone mason's work on silica rock or granite or other igneous rock
.mines
Sandstone Industry breaking crush-
-
; in so far as it is not included in the
of silica rock and certain other
Sen ing grinding sieving mixing or packing admixtures
containing
such
materials
highly siliceous materials or dry
to silica dust in or incidental
certain specified processes involving exposure
,
ten to the manufacture of china or earthenware including sanitary carthenware
crt
electrical carthenware and earthenware tiles fettling of steel castings ;
snes of ` air sandblasting metal or articles of metal by means of compressed
with the use of quartzose sand or crushed silica rock or fl, int and all
a, underground and certain surface operations at tin mines
1931 sete
5. Asbestos Industry Asbestosis Scheme
This Scheme covers
in which asbestosis is liable to occur namely break-
tt
the following processes crushing disintegrating opening and grinding of asbestos mixing or
en
ing
of asbestos the manufacture of
sieving of asbestos or any admixture
vaspe asbestos textiles the making of insulation slabs or sections or mattresses
composed wholly or partly of asbestos other manufacturing processes carried
on in the same room as any of the foregoing processes the cleaning of
machinery and plant used in the processes and of chambers fixtures and
cant appliances apliances
the collection of asbestos dust and the sawing grinding
and turning in the dry state of articles composed wholly or partly of
of asbestos except articles composed wholly or partly woven asbestos
impregnated with bitumen or other bond of an adhesive nature
erNena No. * S.R.
& O.
1931
No.
315.
This Scheme superseded the Refractories
Industries Schemes 1919 S.R. & O. 1919
12 and 1925 S.R. & O. 1925
SEN + S.R. & O. 1931 No. 346. This Scheme superseded the Sandstone Industry
Scheme 1929 S.R. & O. 1920 No. 171
.
*
woe
Scheme S.R. & O. 1931 No. 313. This Scheme superseded the Metal Grinding
Scheme 1927 S.R. & O. 1927 No. 390 as amended by the Order of 1930
.
S.R. & O. 1930 No. 118
S.R. & O. 1931 No. 342 1934 No. 1155 and 1935 No. 69. The 1931
oe
Scheme superseded the Various Industries Scheme 1928 S.R. & O. 1928
No. 975 as amended by the Order of 23rd December 1930 S.R. & O. 1930,
No. 1095 | S.R. & O 1931 No. 314
Seed oP e e ae he a Fee
TT TT
Ne eng epg RET
Ses eremen e pc mse oo
b
>
54
g
e
me
eteriner
:fear
eqn
t
7a
TS
LOI
BOATTL OE I At
APRNn AN Set
on
ad en
y Radek
eta
ete ed fay Par
ed
Se
tSed
Seats
CONE
23
ol
eetse
Ke
DGiVadS
gt eos
eG
4
.
ae
MNFADe
j
Sfeg
:
elet
spat
Det
on
;.
EMITN wa : tbe
Aa
*
ey
Petar mot
Bae Tote!
16 APPENDIX III
; .
SILICOSIS AND ASBESTOS MEDICAL BOARD
Officer The Chief Medical
Street Shefield 2
iis s
C.
L.
Sutherland
M.D. M.D.
D.P.H.
37
D.P.H.
Exchange
panels of the The centres at which
have been set up the members
and the areas assigned to the panels are as follows -
panels
Centre and Members of Panel
a
Area
Sheffield 37 Exchange Street S. Bryson M.B. Ch.B. Senior Member H. Blyth M.B. Ch.B.
The Counties of York East and
West Ridings Nottingham and
Lincoln part of the County of Derby viz the Boroughs of
; Buxton ChesterfieldChesterfield and Glossop
the Urban Districts of Bolsover Brampton and Walton Clay Cross Dronfield and New Mills
and the Rural Districts of
Chapel Chesterfield Clown Glossop Dale Hayfield and
Norton
Manchester 14a Blackfriars Street
J. M. Tyrrell M.B. Ch.B.
Senior Member J. C. McVittio M.B. Ch.B.
Bristol Atlas Buildings - Clare
Street N. Keating L.R.C.P. L.R.C.S.
Senior Member R. W. Thomas M.D.
The Counties of Northumberland Durham York North Riding Cumberland Westmorland and Lancaster and Scotland
The Counties of Cornwall Dovon Dorset Cloucester Hereford Monmouth Salop Somerset Warwick Wilts and Worcester
and Wales
Trent Lonsdale House
Street Lonsdale Senior
Member Member
M.D. Senior
N. R. Price M.B. Ch.B.
The Counties of Chester and
Stafford and the County asigned of
except Derby except the portion assigned
to the the SheSfhefffieildeld PPaanneel l
For any area not assigned to any Board arrangements will bo made by
necessary
of the mentioned panels of the
the Chief Medical Officer as and when
.
-
No.
Descr
of .
in res
|
mown
wipe
k
rsThroughout
Asbestosis Medi as amended by t
ment Scheme 19
it Paragraph's Paragraph's
as payable by or
Compensation S Fund the empl provided be the is recoverable
a
7 Exchange
the pavels
Fay
1.
and
inghiangmham
and
County of Boroughs of and Glossop of Bolsover
alton = Clay
New Mills
of
Chesterfield Hayfield and
humberland
th
Riding
th Riding
rland and
|
and
Do,
ester > and
7
County . of on assigned
Pw ey
uels of the s and when
%
.1.7
APPENDIX IV
FEES PAYABLE FOR EXAMINATIONS AND CERTIFICATES BY MEDICAL BOARD
Frescribed by the Silicosis and Asbestosis Medical Fees Regulations S.R.O. 1931 No. 412 and 1934 No. 1063
No.
of
Fee
Description of examination or certificate in respect of which fee is payable and
directions as to payment
Amount of Fee
Cases of death see paragraph 7 of Scheme
| 1] On application for certificate ...
- 2s This fee less
This fee is payable by or on behalf
12s is returnable to
of the applicant through the Medical Bonru
the applicant if the
Medical Board issue
a certificate that the
death was due to the
disease and Fee No. 2
referred to below has
been paid over to the
Fund Fund
2 | On issue of a certificate that the death was
due to the disease ...
This fee is payable
...
by or
ae
. | 10
on behalf
of the employer on demand from the
Secretary to the Silicosis and Asbestosis
Medical Expenses Fund
-
oo
Cases of Total Disablement or of Suspension see paragraph & of Scheme
3 | On application for examination-
i where there is produced a certificate
of the Regional Medical Officer of
the Ministry of Health that there
is reasonable cause for suspecting
the disease ...
oe
oe
vee
|
:
10s This fee less
10 is returnable to
the applicant if the
Medical Board issno a certificate of total disablement or 5115-
pension on account
of the disease and fee No. 4 referred to below has been paid over to the Fund
* Throughout these Regulations
Scheme means the Silicosis and
Asbestosis Medical Arrangements Scheme 1931 S.R. O. 1931 No. 311 03 amended by the Silicosis and Asbestosis Medical Arrangements Amend-
ment Scheme 1931 S.R. & O. 1931 No. 889
Paragraph 21 2 of the Scheme provides that where a fee is prescribed
as payable by or on behalf of an employer and no provision is made in the Compensation Scheme for the payment of such fees from a Compensation Fund the employer liable to pay the said fee shall except as otherwise provided be the employer from whom the compensation due to the workman
is recoverable
LY
So
eSie
re Con
a a
ke we? .
aa
ema
ates
em
eat
tne
ve
en AY aaa
e
te
SO
rahe
deee
wer
te
TO
oN
wer em
ey Te
epee tet
.
t
i
Ra
|
.}
: fe
a4
tel atte
Shred me ree S
.
{
4
ae
4
4
3
4 |
4
4 4
4
4
yh 3
: x
;
i
to.
MAD
si _
z , h
& 3
3 4
oy
3
a y
Ae
4
o BY
%
ca
a
ae
ce
bee
cee
cee meen eevee
eee
tn
te
ces
yet sane
eee
No.
of For
Description of examination or certificate in respect of which fee is payable and
directions as to payment
o _ o
nt ne ee ee
Amount of Fee
Ls
ee ee ee Se ee:
By ; 4
.
.
~
ii where no such certificate is produced | This fee less 10s
*
This fee is payable in either case by
is returnable to the
applicant through or on behalf of the
the Board Medical
Teen.
oe
Cet
be
Lot
if applicant the Mcd-
ical Board issue a certificate of total
a
disablement or sus-
pension on account
of the disease and
nn
a
Fee No. referred to
below has been paid
over to the Fund
_4| On issue of a certificate of total disable-
suspension ment or of
disease
:
on account of the
,
wee
0 -
Lo
:
a
This fee is payable by or on behalf
of the employer on demand from the
Secretary to the Silicosis and Asbestosis
Medical Expenses Fund
.
examinations of workmen see paragraph
9 of Scheme
m
5 | On application for any such examination
This fee is payable by or on behalf
of the applicant through the Medical
Board
.
;
:
ce
ot
:
a
Pe
a re
10s And any case
where radiographic
examination
is
- directed by the Medical Board an
additional fee of
11s 6d
Initial
examinations
Initial examinations of newly engaged work- 1 -
.
o
, men see paragraph 12 of Scheme
| 6
For every such examination -
6s
of This
is payable by or on
:
fee behalf the employer responsible for arranging
for the examination through the
member of the Board or other medical
practitioner making the examination or
demand where not so paid on
from the
Secretary to the Silicosis and Asbestosis
Medical Expenses Fund
.
:
Periodic Examinations see paragraph 13 of
. ;
Scheme
.
a
7 ForFor every such examination of a workman
,
.
including the issue of any certificate as
;
ta,
any the result of such examination ...
19s And in
case
re
i
behalf of This fee is payable by or on
_ wherea radiographic
- the employer by whom the workman is | examination is
;,
| ;
employed at the time of the examina
directed by the
^'
-4
tion on demand from the Secretary to
Medical Board an
3:
the Silicosis and Asbestosis Medical
additional fea of
5
Fund Expenses Expenses
ee
a .
rs
wel
11s 6d
a
ot
Pe
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Description of examination or certificate in respect of which fee is payable and
directions as to payment
Amount of Fee
Arbitrations or other Proceedings in the
:
County Court
:
And -t Where a reference is made to the Medical in any Board for a certificate under section 19 of case where
the Workmen's Compensation Act 1925-
i if the workman has previously been
examined by the Medical Board
ii if the workman has not previously been examined by the Medical
Board
vee
wee
tee
tee
a radio-
graphicex-
amination
is directed 3
by
the
Modical
This fee is payable in either case by the applicant for the reference as and
when directed by the County Court
7
Board an
additional
fee
of
Registrar Where the Medical Board make a report
L 11s 6d
on a case under section 23 or paragraph 11 of the First Schedule of the Act-
i if the workman has previously been
And in any
{
case where
.
a radio-
examined by the Medical Board
ii if the workman has not previously been examined by the Medical
Board
vee
vee
oe
eee
This fee is payable in either case by the employer or workman as and when
10s
4
10s
graphic examination
is directed
by
the
Modical
directed by the County Court Judge or other arbitrator or the County Court Registrar
Board 201
additional
fov
of
11s Gd
10 Where in the case of a workman desiring to
receive his compensation abroad in pur-
suance of section 16 of the Act a refer-
ence is made to the Medical Board for a
certificate as to the permanent nature of
incapacity the ne wee
wee
wee
wee
This fee is payable by the workman 10s
on application to the County Court for the reference
Miscellaneous
11
For a copy of any certificate issued by the
Medical Board under the Scheme one
This fee is payable by the applicant for the certificate at the time of the
application
25128-34 Wt 3131-1974 1250 5/35 P. St. G. 378
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