Document 06Xz6ng12DKv20pOOR2oD67rb

VOL.12 NO. 2 Bound to please Your pride in those new Fabrikoid bind ings is the prelude to an enduring satis faction. That rich beauty of color, grain and finish --in spite of your experience with other bindings -- will delight you permanently. Time and use will reveal a fitness in those bindings beyond your hopes. As you find them water-, dirt- and stain-proof, un fading and cleanable; as you learn what strength and stamina underlie their beauty, you will want no better guardian for the books you cherish. Du Pont Fabrikoid Company Wilmington, Delaware (Vr DU PONT dBRIROl #  dupo : Volume XII FEBRUARY, 1920 Number 2 The Business Situation Export trade and money market conditions the iitrd factors N the present business situation two By f. LESLIE RAYFORD raw materials might result in the closing I factors loom up as vital in importance: --the condition of America's export Keo11orule Si allstiriau E. I. <1(1 Pr>l <le Nemours & Co., Tm\ of European factories, followed by an eco nomic crisis. Such an eventuality might produce a crisis here. The possibility of trade and of the money market. The !so serious a situation as tins, however, appears very remote. uncertainties with which they are fraught make the immediate business outlook somewhat less favorable than It was a few Tlit* Money Market months ago. But fundamental conditions arc such that no Adequate financing of America's export trade means further lessening of business activity in the near future, unless It be credit expansion, whether It be effected by the extension of of a purely temporary nature, appears probable. Let us see, bank credits or by the issuing of securities. But otir credit however, what effects unfavorable developments in the foreign structure Is already much extended. Is the situation inherently trade situation or in the money market might have. a dangerous one? It is evidently quite possible for the combined federal Export Trade Condition* reserve hanks to expand stO mure without Impairing their legal For months we have been told by promi nent bankers and others reserve, as the Harvard University Committee on Economic conversant with international conditions that we must extend Research has recently pointed out. A considerable increase in long-terra credits in large amount to European countries if they loans might be made by member banks before reaching the are to buy the commodities actually needed to put them on their danger point. A stiffening of rates, however, would doubtless feet again. Various plans have been proposed and given wide occur and this would tend to prevent unnecessary expansion publicity. Still no action has been taken and the situation has and make for safety in the banking system. been allowed to drift. The government is not disposed to make But the largo requirements fur properly financing export further foreign loans; the banks have held back, evidently trade and for taking care of domestic business needs can hardly believing it to be not a banking problem, but rather one to be be handled unless loans for speculative purposes and for non handled by the sale of securities to private investors; no one essential uses are curtailed. Otherwise, a dangerous situation hag gone ahead. Now the apparent policy of the Federal might develop. The safety valve--control of discount rates-- Reserve Board to prevent further credit inflation places an is in the hands of the Federal Reserve Board. additional difficulty in the way. If wise control of the banking resources of the country should The situation is becoming critical. Low exchange rates are interfering with exports, even when European buyers are able to make satisfactory arrangements for payment; while failure to extend credits on a considerable stale is preventing the large purchases of raw materials and foodstuffs urgently needed by not be exercised, such a radical curlallmcnt of credit might become necessary as to give a decided cheek to business. But here again we must conclude that a depression could not long persist. We are not faced with a condition of over-production, but, on the contrary, with an actual shortage of goods. European countries. Adequate financing of this export trade The Outlook is essential if the interests of Europe and of the United States While the present situation, then, clearly has elements of are to be conserved. uncertainty in It, fundamental conditions arc not unfavorable. While it is possible that longrferm credits on an adequate The outlook, unless a very serious situation should develop scale may not be extended, this does not appear likely. if, in Europe and he reflected here, is lor a considerable period of however, this should happen, a check to business activity business prosperity, even though a brief stage of inactivity and a decline in commodity prices in many lines would doubtless result. Such a depression and price decline could hardly be kntg-lfved* however. A large domestic, as well as foreign, demand for goods exists and must eventually be met, and this condition should prevent any long-continued business stagnation. Of course, failure on the part of European countries to obtain adequate supplies of food might cause d * rigorous social and political upheavals abroad, while inability to secure supplies of might possibly first occur. And barring a failure to arrange European credits, or an extremely radical restriction of banking accommodation in this country, even a temporary depression is not inevitable. Neither our export trade situation nor money market conditions are inherently unsound. On the contrary, both are capable of being so handled as to prevent adverse developments. On the whole, it seems probable both that ade quate European credits will be arranged and that the essential needs of business for bank accommodation will be met. DU PONT M.-lGAZIJSki. -ipvrigbte<t 1920 by K. J. ijn Pcmi dr Ntmomse & Company, Inc. Subseripiiori, fii cent* {be *eir. j. K. SiiUl.TZ, S1<Hn4iiig ICilitor E, It. MAIMCIiKS'I'Il E, AwtriaU". Kdiinr Pcblistjcrft may reprint, wUh credit, all urlick* end. Uluu-atiouA esc^vlthose.mirysn- fcpmol r.o>vrjg;lv(.. felmxotypeii will, whoo pnwlde. lie hira'xBhcd on Tniuntit. Hunting the Man-Eater DU PONT MAGAZINE ,,:v h . .: ; I .!. ^ --^ MJPP mi JMB In Thre Consecutive Shots Simaon Brought Down Two Lions and a Lkmcxa OME people claim that Portuguese East By li, W. REID of other game there held us for many days. But 1 he S Africa is the native home of the lion. I da not time came when we could no longer resist the im know; but Simsoii, my brother, and I have seen and shot pulse to get back on the plain. So we broke camp, forsook enough Hons on the Urenm Plain to know that they are vertyhe forest und returned to the flat, monotonous country of much at home there. On one occasion my brother counted the Urenm for more sport, even at the expense of greater twenty-five lion* at one time, while no doubt others dis discmnforkH. appeared before he could count them. Several times I have But there were sport compensations, for wc were successful counted from six to urn. So I can recommend this part of in shouting two large elephants, and, as a finale, Simson brought Africa to any Hon hunter who wants sport and plenty of it. down two hig lions and a lioness with throe consecutive shots. How well I remember my first Hon hunt! On arriving on As ymi may imagine, the sport of hunting lions and other big the plain, Simson and I wont out- to shoot meat for our porters. game is attended with many thrills and dangers. One cannot We had entered a narrow patch of tall gras* to stalk some always count; on his marksmanship to score a hit, nor is it safe wfldebccstu and Tvaterbuck, when in to place too great reliance on the effectiveness of a shot fired si dump of grass about a hundred from a high-power rifle. yards away we saw the head of a lion, On one occasion this was proved by our experience on the half turned and silently watching. plain. We were stalking Huns and had sighted a lioness some Simson raised his rifle and fired--and distance away. Simeon and I fired together, we thought, with missed; his aim was too high. Little fatal effect. Far from It. The moment we made a stir in our diil we know that nearby and hidden place of concealment she raised and with a savage growl charged from view eight other hslf^rown toward us. Again wc fired, tmt failed to stop her. With a mad M/Al.v lions were enjoying an afternoon siesta, rush she entered the grass almost within reach of our rifles. Thus, ' The lions were startled by the report thanks more to good luck than to good shooting, we came through and did not know where it came from. It was a thrilling without being badly mauled or perhaps killed. It was a close experience to see nine frightened Hons running straight toward call that 111 not soon forget. us at full gallop. When they saw' us they swerved, entering Should we pursue her? For two hours we debated the the grass on our right, but not before we had killed two and question before w could muster up enough courage to follow mortally wounded two others. We found what remained of the trail through the dense, tall grass. lit the end, we cautiously their carcases the next morning after the hyena* had feasted on made our way, tensely alert for the expected spring, a quick them, shot and. fate willing, a.fair A week later together we shot our first big Hon. A splendid share of luck. In such grass one^ specimen lie was--sleek, fat and immense. could not see two steps ahead, After this we left the pisin and camped in a forest glade on Sixty yards in we found her-- the bank of a small, clear stream. Hors I had the luck to bag dead. Two 577 bullets had - two lions and a lioness the first morning out. Curiously, the Htrurik her too far back, exposing Hems were nearly manoless from hunting in the thorn thickets. the iiiLosUries. You could lay One had apparently been fighting and was in a terribly maimed your arm in the gash that a soft- condition. His neck was a mass of congealed blood, while nosed . bullet had ploughed through the fleshy part of one hind log his antagonist had through above her shoulders, bitten two holes, each the size of a 57? bullet. What a royal just missing the backbone. Still battle there must have been between these two kings! Often anocher had struck her fairly in m I look at the skin I wonder how the other lion fared in that the chest. But our lioness was fray. Was lie victor ur vanquished? I never knew, for although dead. I shudder to think what wo hoard otiier lions near this same camp, we never got a shot might have happened had we ml one in that section before leaving the glade country* parted the grass tri find her The charm of the beautiful forest country and the prevalence alive with only flesh wounds. FEBRUARY, 1920 3 Two years later Simson, myself and two pals shot over the same grounds, ramping on the hanks of the Jadohey, a small stream flowing into the Urema River, Our tent was pitched on a small clearing surrounded hy the typical jungle grasses, that skirt ai! streams of the section. The site chosen was opposite the hut ol an old negro who had told us about the nocturnal visits of a man-eating lion, the terror of that whole district, I did m>t reach camp until ix week after the events related below happened. Rut 111 give you the story just as Sinison told It to me when I joined the party. "Yes, the lent was up, and because the night was hot, sultry and threatening rain I piled up nir rbop-boxes to form a weather barricade just outside. My old tent-boy had arranged rny bed here and slept beside it. Our black cook and two other boys dept a few feet in front of the tent, and oil to the left the porters had dropped down together for their well-earned rest. As usual, before retiring I placed my automatic pistol tinder the pillow, and turned in early after the long, hard journey. "About midnight I was awakened by a moan Iran one of the hoys. In a second I was alert, pistol in hand. My tent-hoy was sitting up shivering with fright and exclaiming `Pondolal la Pondolaf, which is the native name for Hon. "As I sprang out of bed I could hear above the outcries of the now awakened porters some animal crashing through the reeds and grass of the nearby thicket. Quickly I fired four shots in that direction--and again four more as 1 advanced toward it, but in the darkness it availed nothing. "On returning a few yards to the tent, I saw the porters h o w huddled together and stupefied with fear, while out in front there were only two boyu who ran to me exclaiming, `Wapi la Cook? Wapi la Cook?' (Where is the cook?) "Thinking that perhaps he had seen the Hon approaching and had sought safety in flight, we called him* but no voice answered. The cook had gone --unceremoniously, almost without a murmur. The lion must have grabbed him by the neck and broken it in a second, for there had been r.o alarm-- just the one stifled groan. "Procuring a flashlight, we ran to the edge of the thicket. But we were unable to see anything except- the high lights and deep shadows of the dense wall of high grass: yet somewhere in that jungle w knew our cook was furnishing & meal for the man-eater. The horror of it came over us shortly afterward when we could hear the lion crunching the meat and bones of Ms human prey. To enter the jungle at night was impossible, so we lired volley after \ volley in the direction of the sound, The gun fire ap- iparently served no purpose; for at / 'AH! : i dTv.-n - intervals until shortly before dawn we heard evidence that the gruesome meal was continuing. Ai daybreak we entered tlv' thicket. A blood-spotted trail led us some distance throm n the high grass to a matted place where the lion had stopped to gorge himself. Right there I vowed that I'd kill that iion if it were possible before I left the plain. "At the same time we decided to exercise discretion--the belter purl of -valor -and with a desire to avoid a repetition of so fatal an incident, our boys constructed around the camp a `henna1 of thorn teles strong enough te resist the charge ol an elephant. One end of this barricade was. built close up to the Lout. Tins other end was formed out of our chop boxes. Loop hoks were left faring a large tree, on a lirnb of which we lied the leg of an eland to serve m a bait. "ISaeh night we took turn? watching the bait. Toward midnight on ray first night's watch I thought I saw the outline of my man-eater crouching a few feet away from the tree. So I raised my rifle above the sicy line, drew down to what I thought, in the* darkness, was the proper level, and fired. To my disgust 1 found that I had potted an old hyena. But the lion was there, too. Cat-like, he had crept over the grass and wan lying beside the tout watching for another opportunity. When I fired, lie bolted off into the thicket, "The following night, taking my double rifle and a flashlight, I entered on my second night's watch. About eleven o'clock I left the loophole to go into the tent a moment, and on the way dipped the top safety bolt on the rifle. Stupidly, I forgot to take it off. This time the lion came after midnight. I saw him lying down a few p&ces away from the eland's leg. Flashing on the light, I took quick aim and fired--or tried to--but he cleared before I could release the safety. "The third night he appeared when two of m were watching. This time he grabbed the eland's leg and pulled it savagely just as both of m fired. Most of the load from my friend's 8-bore lodged high in the leg of the eland. Perhaps my bullet went wide; I don't know. The chances ate that a few pellets of buckshot struck him, inflicting a slight flesh wound. We followed him a short distance, but on the hard ground we lost the trail and never saw him again. "1 finally loft the plain with my vow unfulfilled, but j hope that before now someone has brought down the lion that stole our cook and had the poor grace to devour him within our hearing. Here in the States my house has been entered by burglars, and I have had ray pocket picked once in a throng, but none of these experiences ever caused me so much chagrin as the man-eater . did when, within fifteen feet of where 1 JiiJ&fi* carr*e(* nW cook into the |un- gle grasses of Africa." i:!:V ..t.V.-r: Ite Tv . t c-j .* terTMis fe r-s m ..... s.:|>^ . .i,,.J yetiWsfci*' : `..* * :>};. IIIIM .iK'i a Oisn-iif tocv' sli.-U !>$ Mr. Lu ton tili.l-rlldi'i'i) roihtirl. Obfcprvtr iii.il toi>. iic.?j Li. ;<v-irly dis:im:{<,. .{ (fitt-.i I'XiiO iiVii* in the l horn t tii<:kit ! k . . * ' . _ t u l ) iiiili a `.iuy c*n i i- pi.ti/.. *.i:> SJi .im,., , thot h^Sh-tl i K{' > IX.'j iv r.n: U^v;*i<i J tli<, tir* s ^llPf tliar Wf fchul o*:r limt Kir I>* **. ?. sp>udidl bU-v-h, fjst und immiena# 4 DU PONT MAGAZINE Washing 44Pay Dirt" Nature Hiea anti Man Seeks --Gold. Tin?we Men Are Seeking Il< IND gold anywhere on this old earth of ours. By W. J. KAINGER First, the feed trough for the water, leading to Fand the announcement of Its discovery will draw thousands of fortune hunters. It was so in California in the 40's, when thousands scrambled across the plains of the the washing trough, where gold was separated from the other materials, and finally, the riffle-box trough, where particles of gold might lodge and from which they might be West and over the Rockies to find pay dirt; it was so when the recovered. In Colorado, there are today many placer mining first news of the Klondike filtered through to the States; it was operations where sluices are employed, some of them a half .40 in South Africa--it has always been so, and always will be. mile long. These sluices .serve to wash through riffle bars the Life's greatest lure is gold. material that has been thrown in at the head of the sluices. It Nature chose to deposit her golden treasures in out-of-the-way has been found that the greater part of the gold is collected in places; perhaps deep down under a mountain whore gold-hearing these places in the first two hundred feet of the sluice. ores may he found if one is lucky, or in the bed of some long- With the adoption of the sluice, Edward Mattison, of Connec abandoned water-course filled with the silt, loam and stones ticut, developed the plan of directing water through a nozzle washed down from the mountains thousands of years ago. at high pressure so that the stream would wear away the Ore mining is comparatively new. Washing out gold from the hank and conduct the material into the sluice for the washing beds and hanks of streams is almost as andent a method as process. By this method, which is called hydraulic-king, lie ploughing with a forked stick. eliminated the laborious use of the pick and bar. Probably the oldest device for washing gold was the "batea," HydrauJiekmg* of course, presumes that water power can be which was nothing more than a perforated basin. It was used developed, either from running streams, melting snows, or by prospectors, first to test the gold content of deposits, and if stored-tip reservoirs of rain water. Water power in this way results warranted, to "pan out'* the gold, an expression that is has been developed in Colorado to force a stream of water still used figuratively by many people. through a four-inch nozzle with a pressure of from 160 to 200 A labor-saving im pounds per square inch. prove men t tin the Wherestreams cannot "hatea" was the "cra be diverted from their dle" which permitted of course by flumes ami washing larger qustre water dams, so as io tides of gravel with expose the river hen less fatigue tolhe miner. for placer operations, a The "cradle" was gen becomes necessary to erally used in the 'Cali excavate by dredges. fornia placer operations The dredge for wbrkli: before ilia became a river beds consists of a factor. flat-bottom scow pro. Where a deposit was Tided with suitable located sear a stream machinery. capable of furnishing Compared with fe! > enoughwater to wash it, modern dredges now there were developed used in placer miring other devices, some of 1 operations in Colorado, which were known by the fist dredge was a the names "Long Tom," - crude affair. It co: "Jenny Lind," "Broad sisted of a small scow Tom/' "Victoria," and provided with a spoon others. These devices which was thrown out were modifications of from the item and The Prospector** Pan Show# Gold system of three troughs; allowed to sink to the a Primitiv* Tyj o TSHiIq * FEBRUARY, 1920 5 river bed. The spoon was then drawn along the river bottom dredges are constructed. Tlieae dredges are built and fitted out by means of a windlass that finally brought a spoon load of in the same manner as river dredges. Some dig their own material into the scow; there it was dumped and the gravel channels to float in. washed from the gold. The gold dredge shown in the accompanying illustration is Afterward, came scows with under-shot water wheels, so de located in Lake County, Colorado, near the summit of the signed that the axle served as a wind Continental Divide, It Is fourteen up cable drum to drag up the material miles from LeadviUe at an altitude of from below. This type of dredge is 10,000 feet. This dredge operates still used to souse extent. Then came under renditions just described. It the present-day large scows, equipped has an over-all length of 240 feet and with modern excavating and co*i- a width of 45 feet The hull proper is ecu tracing machinery, hiiilf- uf the finest Douglas fir, 108x45 The:e are four recognized types of feet, having a draft of 8 feet, requiring dredges, each differing from the oilier a pit 40U x 400 feet. It digs to a chiefly in the manner of excavating the depth of t)5 feet below the water deposits. The suction dredge draws level, and handles 3,000 cubic yards the material up in the scow by air per day. suction. The shovel dredge scoops the There are 84 buckets in the endless material just as the portable steam chain used far digging the gravel. shovel does in railway construction. Each one is of the highest grade of The clam-shell dredge bites out its manganese steel, and weighs about loads. . The ..bucket dredge con 1,700 pounds. The material from the tinuously eats into the gravel and dirt buckets is discharged into a revolving on a principle similar to the mechanics screen built of solid manganese steel, of the endless-chain type ofwell pump. weighing 40,000. pounds. This screen In years gone by placer miner and washes the gravel, the finest of which prospectors obtained gold from the passes through the perforations to the surface or shallow washings alone, gold-saving tables, and the coarse but they could not work out the deep Beating Nature to it. Blasting Ice with dynamite to material m discharged upon an endless deposits which are frequently forty or permit early dredging operations in the Breekenrldge rubber conveyor called the "stacker," fifty feet below. Even where gold is District of Colorado. which piles it to the rear. .quite uniformly, dfetributed. through*.. . ................ Only three men are required to out a deposit, it is usually richer at or near the bed rock. Thus, operate the dredge during each shift of eight hours. Electricity In these later days, the genius of man has developed ways to is used as a motive power. This dredge in question has a record obtain gold from depths that our forefathers never could reach. of having produced $3,000 in pure gold in a 24-hour working Gold dredges are installed to work out such deposits. The period, or $125 per hour. ground is first sampled thoroughly by means of a chum drill It can easily be understood that at such an attitude m or by sinking small shafts to bed rock. When this work is done indicated extreme cold prevails during the winter months. by a competent person, great accuracy can be obtained in Forty degrees below zero is not uncommon. Indeed, it is forecasting the gold values contained in the ground. Gold doubtful if any of the Alaskan gold fields have a more rigorous dredging has thus become a form of mining wherein the element climate during the four months of the winter season. of chance has largely been eliminated. The working season for a dredge so located m limited to In locations where ancient rivers have deposited gold along about eight months of the year; the remainder of the year the with other debris in deep beds, and where the water is shallow, dredge is allowed to lie at rest in the pond where it freezes in. or at least not available for hydraulic mining, dry placer Continued mt page 16 Derry Gold Dredge Near Leadville, Colorado, Where Pay Dirt lo Made to Pan Out Pur* Cold on a Big- cal* Basis* DU PONT MAGAZINE The demand jh `AH Aboard for New York!' Teased speed in transportation has been met by the passenger ship of the elands The CurilsH Eagle la Flight A,JLONG with other pas-enger-i you step K> W. D. JUCHARDSOK Yt u lunk out uf i-he window. Yon are passing up the ladder--to a platform and into over the White House. You can nee the sheep -L JL the enclosed cabin of the aerial liner. You glance at grazing on the lawn. The city--numberless squares--buildings! your cheek. It calls for seat A-l, which you note is ou the left- On the streeis tiny moving specks--people! Street cars and hand side, immediately behind the pilot. horses ami autos--small creeping things! The city fades into the- You are well himdk-d-up, for the a> lias n chilly tinge. And distance. Patches of light green--fields! Clumps of dark green aerial travel, so you have* Leon told, Is a __ _ ................... .......... . --trees! Shimmering dashes of silver and chilly proposition. [ I blue--rivers und lakes! Straight lines-- A man *teps into the pilot's seal. Must be some mistake, because he doesn't wear the clothes that you've seen in pictures i>f If lillVit never made a joiirncyliy airplane, thcc\|cri- gray and brown--roads! How deceptive! For the worst road looks like boulevard' from the air. aviators leather emit, boots, goggles and enee omliucd in flrin article You are a novice.. All sorts of dreadful helmet. This fellow has an ordinary over coat., a golf cap, and--pearl grey spats! will give you a graphic <le- things Hash through your brain. You recall hearing about an aviator friend of Re is the pilot, though, for he begins eci ipl iuo of the scnsufjori.s of a yours who lost Iris life in an aerial duel. fussing round with a tow knobs ami valves an d then tests mi i. i he wheel in front of h i ?n. j i'd-^aeiigcr makiugu speedy 1 rip You shudder at the thought of a like fate .waiting you, "Everything O. K,, George?'" he asks the mechanic. A nod of the head is his only answer. I rmn Washiimton to NtowYork. Aircraft builder* today use "My. but it is warm!'1 ' '' One popular conception . has "teen exploded. Von are not freezing to death* He works a little knob that reminds you of an eggh^ator. There is a grinding noise, a bell-like dang and then the hum of one materials that make the pas sage over I he highway of least You direct your attention to what is going on below. You are entranced with the view. You've never seen anything of the motors. Another twis!, clang and resistance--the air...safe and in the world like it. . hum. And still another. Ail throe motors are now humming. Thrnp propellers are beating the air. He "loots" with controls and throttles a little while, to make sure com fo rtable....- tiditor. A ud idl the time there's a hum of the J motors and the sound of propellers cut- ting through the air. Something blade ahead! Unconsciously they are in proper working order. "Ail dear!" he shouts. recalling your experiences with motor cars, you ` feel'" for the The mechanics pull the blocks of wood away from the front brakes! The pilot m paying no particular attention to it. Tie of the wheels, the pilot waves good-bye and rmt'es buck in his doesn't go over it, nor under it, nor to the ride of it, but wkker-diair. . through it! Nothing but a cloud! Below you and off to the You are taxied out onto the field, the motors are throttled side--while, fleecy things...more clouds. Above--blue--the sky! down, and then speeded up. You gage around at your fekow-passeijgers. One is reading Ton start down the field, gaining momentum all the while. one of H. G. Wells' ial.oM novels. Another is writing a letter. Buildings rush past you at a dizzy speed. There are no humping Another is pondering over some figures. You remember that jars as you had anticipated. A short run and the wheels have you are traveling with one of the biggest financial men in the cleared the ground. country, lie is rushing to New Yrork to attend an important Down the field--two rows of trees! meeting at 2 o'clock that afternoon! Another is munching an You glance down. You are not more than two feet oil the apple, and another--asleep! ground. Cities and towns pass below yon. Off to your right--a rail Nearer and nearer the trees. It is your first night and you road track. Far ahead--a train. begin to twitch in your sent. You have no idea how fast you are traveling, but you begin Just when you are about to crash into them, the pilot pulls to figure! Trains average thirty or forty miles an hour--some back on the controls, the big machine times they travel at fifty--on fast routes. This one must be answers instantaneously and soars the AYashington-New York Flier. It left Washington an hour over the tree-tops with, yards to before you did, and it is the one you missed! Yon hover over It spare. for a moment. Then you have passed. Now It is left far in your You begin to breathe normally1 wake. - Up--up--you climb. You look at "How fast arc we going?" you ask the pilot. the needle on the altimeter--it is "Not more than a hundred." he answers. registering 2(10 feet now. A minute A hundred miles an hour! Into? it is pointing to 500--then 1000 Your attention foeif&es itself upon the pilot. ...then 1500! You are struck with the ease with which he handles the "ship,'" An occasional movement of the wheel to right or loft Today we have machines that sustain themselves in the air or fore or alt--not more than an inch in any direction. for several hours. Yon compare it with automobiling. To round a curve--con Even five years ago, progress, measured by what lias hap siderable effort. To Blow up- -grinding brakes and gears ro pened during the past year, was slight. Aviation was still in shift. its swaddling-clothes, so to speak, and fliers were placed in the This is nothing like it; no effort--no strain. category of "men flirting with Death." You yourself are conscious of no jerks, pitches or tosses. However, as a result of their daring, the world has been Occasionally you feel a slight bump, but it is scarcely noticeable. saved from the dominaticn of a madman! Y on glance at your watch.. One o'clock! You left Washington 11 is now a generally accepted truth that it was aviation and at noon and you are passing over Philadelphia. nviators who settled the fate of Europe and America. When One hundred and twenty-five miles in an hour! the Allies finally got the upper hand--aerial supremacy--it Soon Trenton appears in the distance. You know it is was the turning-point of CJie war. The enemy's eyes had bees Trenton because you have an aerial map before you, put out and, without eyes;, artillery supremacy passed to the Princeton--the borne of Princeton Eidvcrsity! You don't other side. When the war ended, aviation, as a result of ita have to look at your map, h^~ deeds and accomplishments, had causc you recognize tiie sta won for itself a place in the him, Newark! The Hudsrv. serious side of our thoughts* It River--hundreds of boats. O had been useful In war; why consiclnntdy larger than t;: not in peace? otlinrs, perhaps the 'l.eviyrhmd A year has elapsed, and In You recognize: the Woolwor- ? that year thin.pi have happened. Budding... far below you. The commercial airplane has Then oi/cn country--a groi. j arrived. It has demonstrated of flat-!c-ol;iiig buildings -six to a sceptical world that it has them m a row. A group of arm a place in the world's transpor object-:, tl'iiit look like iHiite:'- tation scheme and it has taken flies o'; the adjoining field, \t that place,. is i>nt: a', die government. avi;. Today we find merchants, lion fields, you surmise. traveling men, photographers, It is your landing field. He bankers and business men, oil email it looks! The madrim operators, doctors, financiers, you are traveling in certain . engineers and architects using cannot land in that- small spar . airplanes. Several lines of aerial The motors stop. The ruvi passenger-carriers are actually of the machine is tilted down m operation and a great many slightly. A peculiar feelingcoin*: - more are under consideration. over you. You remember ha .< K,i !: - ,i } it i., i f : ... The aviation world awaited a ing experienced it once before in a descending express elevator. chairs ansi louK out wnitiuws, fcHiJocuH-i *s! Transparent Pyralin Sheeting. machine that combined safety, speed, comfort and economy. The ground is coming up to meet you. You are prepared for II was with these srecifici.tions in mind that the Curtiss Aero the worst. plane and Motor Corporation last year brought o h o the Cur- .Perhaps you'll need the ambulance after all tbs Eagle- - t.be first three-motored land machine produced in Ho, for the machine has leveled off. The wheels must be America for commercial use. on the ground. Y'ou are not sure that they are, for you braced Nothing was omit ted to make the machine safe for air travel. yourself for the expected jolt- and it- did not come. But you Even the phile-glass windows are proof against, shattering and have landed. thus injuring passengers in case of accident. Each window is The motors start humming again. Ycm are being "taxied" reinforced with Du Font. Transparent Pyralin Sheeting, which is to t-lie hdngr. A mechanic rushes uuu with a platfoim-ladder. inserted between two piece* of plate glass ami welded under heat You arc at your destination.! Another popular fallacy has and pressure to form a solid pane of dear t ransparency. This been broken down. Y'ou are whole--there's no white ambulance type of glass will not shatter or fly if the machine comes to awaiting to pick up your broken remains. The re must be some earth with a sudden jolt. exaggeration because you were advised that the airplane was The Bugle, with its three Curtiss K-6,150 horse power motors, about as safe its it trip over Niagara Falls in a row-boat, has an actual laiKl-Bpeed lower than that of many smaller Yon pi ok up your hand grip and step out. machines of lhe present day. This means that it can be operated Out of curiosity you glance at your watch. It is just 2 o'clock. from fields of ordinary size. Vuu have made the aerial voyage from Washington to New First-class equipment Insures comfort. The . York in just two hours. The "filer" which you passed the other passengers ride in wicker chairs which arc side oi Philadelphia will reach New York about 3 JO! handsomely upholstered. The material m You wait for someone to come round with a whisk-broom-- Du Pont Fabrikoul which lias been found to u porter! be ideal lor the purpose. In appearance it is There isn't any need..because your clothing is dust-less! exactly like grain Father; it is durable, easily Even your collar is unsealed? eleanable, moisture-proof and sanitary. The foregoing is an "impression" of an actual experience. This machine, which carries seven passen Ten years ago the writer of such an article would nave been gers, or a commercial load of Iff&O pounds, classed either as an intellectual visionary or a plain, ordinary, has distributed costs in such a way as t o enable, everyday fool--most likely the latter. it to compete on an equal basis with the Ten years ago three "visionaries" wore working with "things railroad, the motor truck, and the steamship. to fly"--the late Wilbur Wright and his brother, Orville, and The commercial airplane has come Glenn IT Curtiss. But in- those days Hying was confined to to stay. It is the fastest method of fastening yourself to a structure with wings attached to it and travel we have. Tt is the nearest ap coasting until you had sufficient momentum io carry you proach to a fulfillment of the wish through the air for the marvelous distance of perhaps fifty feet. to be in two places at the same time. s Dll PONT MAGAZINE Magic of Coal Tar How a trastc hy-produvi has become the key to giguntit.' huhistrivs NDOUBTEDLi most of us regard coal Jly STANLEY R WITHE with flues through which the volatile products of as a fuel--therfoiifce of heal that kej decomposition could escape. All by-products, our homes warm in winter, t.-rn source of energy that amounting to one fourth of the weight of the coal, were lost. keeps the wheels of industries in motion. Few realize chut a A fe%v yearn ago a tourist, passing through the western lump of coal contains still other treasures made available by Pennsylvania, coal regions at night, could see lhe flames oi the magic of chemistry---dyestuffs that reprnruee the delicate hundreds of old-fashioned beehive coke ovens, and if he were colorings of the rainbow in all their beauty and variety; of an economical taro of mind, he might reflect that this display perfumes, fragrant as the essences of flowers; drugs, invaluable of fireworks was coaling the country $75*000,000 a year, besides in fighting disease; anesthetics for relieving pmin; explosives consuming the invpUaMv-ihle feel supply of the future. that give powerful aid to man in peace as well as in war; With the development of the chemical industry and the germ-killing disinterhints; preservatives for wood and metal; recognition of the value of coal tar. all that has been changed. road oils that give endurance to our arteries of trade: photo Within the last leu years by-product ovens have come into graphic developers; the chief ingredients of waterproofing and use, and now nearly half our coke is made in them. The insulating maicj mis, ami other products in countless number introduction of the by-product coke oven mis enabled indispensable to industry, medicine and science. AH of these are products of coal tar,--the magic liquor of coal. Now this coal tar is produced as a by-product In the manu facture of illuminating gas and in the production of coke for smelting from The process, which, in chemistry, U culler! destructive distillation, consists in heating the coal in what is known as a by-product recovery coke oven. As the coal is heated it decomposes and tho gaseous produet formed passes through pipes into water-cooled chambers, where part of che gas condenses into a thick, black liquid. This product is cord tar. The gas which does not condense parses on and after further purl.icution in piped to our homes for heating and lighting. After all the gas ami tar have been extracted from the coal, the material leinaining in the bottom of the retort is the product we call coke. When a ton of coal is put through ibis process approximately 1500 pounds of coke and 140 pounds of coal tar are produced. For years the coal tar produced in the manufacture of Illuminati-ig gas was regarded as a waste product of a most disagreeable sort. Not only was it valueless but. the disposition of it entailed considerable expense. Indeed this seriously retarded the growth of coal gas manufacture. Likewise, in the coking industry, no attempt was made to recover the by-products In place of the modern by-products recovery ovens the coking was curried on In so-called "beehive" ovens, which were merely large beehive-shaped chambers these manufacturers to save and utilize every product ul this decomposition. The production of coal tar has increased in industrial Importance until today it ranks second to none of our key industries. Coal tar is a thick, oily, dark-colored liquid, somewhat heavier than water. It is not a single substance but a mixture of hundreds of different compounds, some of them present in very minute quantities. While the separation of all of these compounds is accomplished only with the greatest difficulty. It is possible by the process of distillation to separate them into groups having certain general characteristics. The crude tar which is tc be distilled is jmmped into a large receptacle and heated. As the heat is applied, vapors are formed. The first vapors to come off are those of the light oils. As the temperature of the tar increases, these light oils are followed by the carbolic oils, w hich are bo named because they contain most of the carbolic acid present in the tar. At a still higher temperature the creosote oils distill off, and, lastly, the heaviest cf them all, the anthracene oils. Nothing remains in the still but a residue of pitch. All the vapors given off sa the various temperatures pass through pipe;.; into v at or-imoled coils where they are condensed into liquids. By a further distillation and chemical treulmeii t of these oik ure obtained the. "mutes," which form the raw materials of many Important and diversified industries. From the light oik is obtained crude benzol. FEBRUARY, 1920 9 From these "crudes" we get benzui, toluol, xylol, solvent naphtha and other more complicated compounds used in the manufacture of dyes, drugs, paints, varnishes and axplosives. The higher grades of benzol by reason of their great solvent power, are also of great importance in the preparation of rubber solutions for use as cements, and us solvents for use in vulcaniz ing rubber. Recently, as a result of the advancing cost, of gasoline, benzol has been used more extensively as a motor fuel, especially in Europe. The future undoubtedly will bring further development* in this iine that will exert a powerful influence on the whole coal tar industry. The carbolic or middle oils, as they are sometimes called, furnish us naphthalene- This product in ite crystallized form is the chief ingredient of moth balls. However, it is of prime importance to the chemist as a crude from which many impor tant dyestuffs are made. The residue remaining is crude carbolic acid, which is used in large quantifies in the manu facture of disinfectants and antiseptics. The crude acid is also often refined by subsequent distillation. The pure carbolic acid, called phenol by the chemist, together with the compound known m cresylie acid or cresol, is used principally in the manufacture of insecticides and fungicides. The creosote or heavy oils consist of a number of different compounds of great value in the manufacture of pharmaceu ticals, stains and wood preservatives. Creosote has been found superior to all other oils as & preservative for wood buried m the ground or submerged in the water. From Die Anthracene oils is ohtemed the important substance anthracene, which is used as the starting point in the manu facture of alizarine and many other important dyestuffs. The year before the war the American custom house listed 5S74 distinct brands of synthetic dyes imported, chiefly from Germany: but some of those were trade names for the same product made by different firms or represented by different degrees of purity or form of preparation. Crude coal tar is very little used at the present time, although in the early days of the industry it was used to some extent, in ;he manufacture of roofing felt, also for tarring roads and similar purposes. Hie water and impurities, present in the unrefined coal tar, proved to be detrimental, however, and caused its use to be abandoned. Refined tars are being used in constantly increasing amounts. This is especially true in road building; for motor traffic has created a growing demand for improved methods of highway construction. Coal tar road oils are now used, not only fur dust, laying and surface protection, but also, in the heavier grades, as a biriecr fur penetration 'work. The pitch, remaining as a residue of the distillation of coal tar, is used in the manufacture of roofing felt, paving blocks, electrical Insulation, and in numerous other ways. The compounds mentioned are only the most important of coal tar derivatives. How science and industry can produce from these crudes the endless array of dyes and other coal tar products, many of which are manufactured by the J)u Pont Company, is another story. Sonne of these products anti the exceptional facilities for (heir manufacture will be described in subsequent articles. Like Attracts Like A Fahrikoid aula lap. like a popular movie star. delights the eye HE lady is registering satisfaction. Shelias a new Crafts In Fahrikoid they have found a type of material that enables Tman Fahrikoid top on her car, and the glances of an them to give their ears the striking individuality which they. admiring public have given it unanimous approval sock..to set them apart from the common herd of motor The lady is accustomed to registering ?atisfe;Ton---also vehicles. They can go to the limit of novelty with this material joy, anger, hate, surprise and other emotions. She gets paid in covering the cushions, tops and entire bodies of their cars, for that --very well paid -- since the many colors and about one hundred times the great variety of grains what the county clerk gets and finishes In which Fabri- for registering deeds, for in koid is made offer infinite stance. She is Mis* Mar combinations. These com guerite Fisher, the cele binations can be as modest brated movie star of Santa or as bold as the fancy of Barbara, California. This, ' the owner dictates; yet the probably, is the first motion very boldest conceptions can less picture you have seen have perfect color harmony, of this screen favorite. and there is no danger of the California expects a great colors fading or anydifficulty deal of its movie stars, es in keeping the material clean pecially in all things pertain ' and' beautiful with soap 'and ing to motoring. Elsewhere water. a necessity ora diversion, in The type of Craftsman California motoring is a fine Fahrikoid top shown on this art--at ) art greatly fostered car, and the Craftsman Fab- and advanced by the unlim rikoid Auto Finish, both ited stretches of perfectly originated in California as surfaced automobile high refinements of the gentle art ways in that State. To this art the movie star brings an unusual refinement in taste, The Larfy lx Rcgiati-ririfj Saiisfacliaiv--ond It's Real, Her Aut.nmi?hile Is Covei cd With (Faihri1<m<$. of motoring. From Califor nia this vogue Is traveling slea<lily eastward, and al a quick appreciation of what Is distinctively elegant, and suffi ready we find capable trimming shops in almost every section cient funds to gratify any desire. that arc equipped to do this type of work very well. The cur And, naturally, there has been great, competition in California with a Cral'toinau Fahrikoid tup, or with, its body finished in in "dolling up** and displaying really impressive cars. So the Craftsman Fuhrikod, is always a show ear wherever it appears. elect of the film world build their gasoline palaces liner and It bus a beauty that is unmistakable. As like attracts like, finer and adopt everything that will add to the compelling the must we am say for the beauty of Craftsman Fahrikoid is beauty of these wheeled wonders. that it has attracted Miss Marguerite Fisher.  DU PONT MAGAZINE "Save the Surface and Y ou Save All" 4 plain-spoken slogan that has started the nation to think HAT'S a splendid and growing in the forest, had its measure TRiolan for the na of protection in the bark covering. Thun tional campaign/* Nature helped to heal the wounds. The 1 remarked to a friensdaw mill robbed the wood of its protec of mine i.he other day. tion: now it's up to you to protect it "Vos, it's a clover scheme in sell paint/' he replied. Hi* wai-i a s:iap-judg- ThrSax <rt I ir Surface ( hi lupnign mer.t, and not a correct 'is iion-eoinpetflj v o drive lo one either--for the mil ion al8'Save the Sur face' Campaign Com fur on home in llii1 umsCIOU::',llVSr of iJlii 'peopt le ruii)idJiinr mittee has nu goods to sell. nor can it treat of jniMits am'i tarnishes in other than an dial everyone knows \ agnelv. a ih I low pcNipJe- realize deft- imparthd ar.il impersonal way. What it j nitelvq about the protective does seii is the supremely important idea of surface protection and the con ' value ol paint ami varnish. viction that property should more fre quently be painted and varnished. Paint- sale-- have increased anti are The slogan of } lie campaign Hits the nail mi the head-- inereashig as a result of the- campaign, but the campaign committee is not concerned with merchandising: its inac .Save ike Surface and You Save All. IkIhon tion in that of a missionary preaching the gospel of thrift as ii applies to the things we own ihe gospel ot imviacv protection. wiili paint and varnish. Consider the No tme who owns anything likes to kicks and scull's and knocks, the scrub- see it go to pieces; yet all over the laud-- lung and the countless contacts with our own as well as foreign lands--- many hands. That-Ts wear. If the floor properties are wastefullv depreciating for is kept painted, when you walk on it lack of surface protection. .Statisticians do you walk on the floor*: Yon do not; estimate that the annual depreciation of you walk on Lho varnish or the paint, and buildings in. this eotml-y alone amounts the wood Ik preserved. to two and ouedudf billion dollars. And Your steel garage, metal roof and the they say the estimate Is conservative. - metal fixtures of your house..their The surface is the danger point. ruination Is certain without surface Owners of property should remember protection. For just: as surely as wood l-hai liisintegriiiion, decay, rust, corrosion, wear and tear--all begin at the surface, whether it he of wood, iron, steel, con crete, cement or stucco. Houses, barns, oridges, situs, furniture, wagons, imple ments, automobiles, ships, toys, fences,-- all obviously have surfaces, and it is at the surface that; deterioration starts. The battle must he fought there; so we say ``Save the surface and you save all." The Hours and doors of your house--* damage Lo them ts sure without surface protection. This same wood, standing and coal burn from the surface inward, just as surely docs me! a! corrode from the outside in. That's rust. The porch pillars, cornices, shingle roofs, aiding, window frames and elite; exposed parts of the exterior...they chock, crack and decay without paint. That's the effect of the weather. Time mid those destructive agencies cannot ruin any building if the surface Is scaled with paint. For instance, there still stands in excellent preservation the Quincy Mansion, Quincy, Massachusetts. The builders began their work in J.6S& and finished In 170(k The historic Assembly House at Salem, Massachusetts. is another monument to the enduring qualities of a house kept painted. It was built 2*J9 years ago. Within its four walk were discussed raany stirring"eo-" lonial affairs. GeorgeWash- ington, it is claimed* led a cotillion In the house, which, Exterior Surfueeii of Ho Uk c m Nsd Constant Protection From tha Element* gives it further historic in terest. Take Washington's own home at Mi. Vernon. It in another example of a beautiful house preserved through the years because the owners had the forethought to paint its surfaces and to keep them painted. Paint protects metal work against muz Recall rtiat the Brooklyn Bridge, which wans started in 1R70 and finished at a ea->i o $23,000,000, hits been kepi protected arid safe for travel for nearly fifty years by frequent applications of rust-inhibifcive paint. And the world's highest skyscraper-- the Wool worth Building--do you know ihal every inch of its steel skeleton is painted, although the- mclal is hidden away from contact with the elements? The builders took no chances of deteriora tion, realizing that, to save the surface was \-j save all. and that paint was protection -needed protection. Thick: Sam knows the* protective value of paint. The iron dome of the Capitol at Wa>hingT.on has In place far scores of years without replacemei t. Why? Because it is painted with a weatherproof icat regularly. You rarely see a mail box showing signs of rust. Why? The Post Office Department requires that letter haves on all street corners be kept well painted. The Navy Department always keeps ite tear vessels Interior Surfaces. Art: S>hj.-et:ed! to Wear UnleDB PruietLerf With Paint or VarnisU well protected with paint, and while we mention governmenl property. let me ask: Have you ever seen a govern ment lighthouse suffering for lack of pain.? 1 never have. One would think that so palpably a common-sense Idea as protecting surfaces with paint w ould not require an organized campaign to emphasise it, yet human nature is cast in such a mould that com paratively few people do the things that common prudence directs them to do, without someone urging them on. And that's what the Save the Surface Cam paign is doing in a national way through advertising m various national mediums. Is it worth while? The question may he answered by another question: Is it FEBRUARY, 1920 11 worth while to attempt to cheek the enormous lire losses of the nation? If the answer he affirmative, then it's worth while to carry on the Save the Surface Campaign, lor aJl over this country property is routing, rusting, crumbling and wearing away--the aggregate loss of which m estimated by statisticians as being greater than the annual lire losses of the country. And much of this loss is preventable by the use of paint. The Save the Surface Campaign is timely. Material and labor costs are high. Men of average means cannot afford cosily replacements to their property. The times call for economy, for conservation. Everywhere Is heard the plea to check waste and extrav agance; to conserve everything as much as possible so that production may gain headway to fill urgent reconstruction need:-. The Save the Surface Campaign links with government efforts in this direction for rational welfare. The campaign pointedly prove* that it is cheaper to paint than not to paint, and instills an appreciation of the value of property ur.d the wisdom of keeping it valuable. Moreover, it is observed that bun hem customarily loan more money to clients wlio care for their properties than to men who allow them lo show signs of neglect. This is another spotlight thrown fully painted without and varnished with on paint and varnish that the people are in gains in beauty and attractiveness; nor beginning to notice as a will any one deny that the result of this splendid ed pleasure in the possession of ucational campaign. any material thing Is enhanced The campaign ako pro by its attractive appearance. motes the cause of sanita Paint and -varnish lighten and tion. Surfaces painted or brighten the surfaces of walls, varnished are more sani wood-work, floors and furniture tary flunk are those not so - - everyth!n gsuseeptibie to pres protected. Hospitals an ervation and adornment; they frequen tlymul thoroughly have mi esthetic val painted, for they must be ue that cannot bedis made sanitary and kept counted. Yes, paint so. Print kills disease is pretty, but get germs and provides a sani this: paint protects. tary and washable coating In a word, the wherever it is employed Save the Surface whether in hospitals, m Campaigms pre-emi- factories, office buildings, hotels or residences. Point Is Insurance Aaint Mrta! Ru k K mid (Jomr*i<jMi ently a campaign of < d iiraiion -- not to Singularly, the appearance that paint extol! brands of point und varnish,for that's and varnish give 10 surfaces is over ewrrjeuiivc--not to tell how attractive shadowed by the bulk of copy aiming to painted surfaces are, for the public knows prove the truth of the slogan. No doubt that thoroughly: hut to emphasize this this 'k the intention of the committee,* one dominant fact, that when you "save for people generally, perhaps too gener ihe surface you save all." In effect, it is ally, estimate paint and varnish values a campaign for thrift, conservation, econ in terms of color and color harmonies, omy sanitation, health, balanced judg mid too infrequently consider them as ment and business efficiency. Tina va the protective coatings to save the surface. broader interpretation of the slogan, Yet m one will deny that a house taste "'Save the surface and you save all/1 A Topcoat for Your Car Tori can bundle up your antamohiJr in an overcoat and laugh at winter's Musis NCE it was the general custom to This Compaq has been manufac O lay motor cars up for fcho winter. turing automobile tops, curtains and With the growing custom of keeping accessories for many years. When it cars out all winter came the demadnedcided to enter the winter top field, for a warmer and more weatherproof it began looking for a light-weight, snug-fitting top, that in addition to being easily installed would give an open model ear practically all the utility of a sedan or coupe and that would be salable at a price within the reach of every motorist. Alter careful ytndy it found a top which met all the requirements of light weight, stability aml comfort ir the "Over-lae-Top" Auto Top, und acquired the rights to manufacture and distribute this top under the Baker trade-mark. The 1*Ov*r-tlie-Trip" Automobile Trip Slips This new top can best he descrilied as Over the Top-- an overcoat. It slips on over the old top anti can bo installed by anyone. top zo replace the ordinary collapsible The tops are made from patterns lo hi top and curtains on open model ears, the standard makes of cars. thus adding to their value and utility. Patented side panels, equipped with The December number of this maga plate glass or with flexible pyralin zine contained the description of a top windows, snap easily and quickly into of the solid frame type built into the place. These panels open and close with framework of the ear after the original the doors and when not needed can be top had been removed. We now describe removed. Thus the "Over-the-Top" a winter top of entirely different type Auto Top gives the car owner all the and construction, yet thoroughly prac utility of a tirst-elass top re-cover. tical in its field, made by Baker & For Ford cars the "Over-the-Top1* Lockwood M anufaeturmg Company, of Auto Top la made in two styles. The Kansas City, Missouri. regular style has all-glass windows except over the right front door, whore the shape of the body and top makes a pyralin window necessary. The special style for Ford cars has all-pyraUn windows. The wearing qualities and durability of the Baker "Over-th^-Top?s x\uto Top and its resistance to weathering and climatic conditions are very high. This Is guaranteed by the use of high-grade top materials made by the Du Font Fabrikoid Company, which materials are selected because of their line appearance, good tailoring qualities and long life under the most severe service conditions. The Baker "Over-the-Top'* Auto Top weigls less than 50 pounds for the largest ears. It can be applied easily by any parson of ordinary skill. It adds to the appearance of the car as well as to its comfort and convenience. --mid Has Panels That Opart and Clots Willi ih Doors 12 mi PONT MAGAZINE Defending the Fenders Ifyou -want to protect your car in the garage, try this method ID you ever put on a new pair would end this garage trouble by provid D of shoes and ten minutes later ing a'protective cover for fenders. He stub into a brick or a naif sculling realized that a material selected for this up an ugly triangular tear on the tuosee should have three qualities. First, it piece? II you have, you know something should be com para lively thick and shok- of the angry glow that come* over the face of a motorist who leaves his car at the garage for carburetor repairs and has it returned to him next day with fenders all scratched and marred. When work is to be done on the motor of a car, the highly pol ished mud guards are very much in the way and very likely to suffer injury during repairs. Next time you are in a garage, notice how the motor repairmen have to lean over the lenders and often rest a considerable part of their weight on them. In this way they often scratch the enamel with the buttons un their cloth ing. Sometimes, too, a mechanic thoughtlessly lays or acciden tally drops a wrench or other tool upon a fender and scars the enamel. Not infrequently slight adjust renistant; second, the top surface should ments or other work on a motor be acid and grease proof, and, third, the involve more labor in fixing up an acci lower surface next to the fender should be dentally searml or dented mud guard soft and velvety to prevent scratches. than in making the principal repairs, The one material that filled all these Mr. II. R. Freeh, of the Delaware requirements was Craftsman Fabrikoid. Motor Sales Company, decided that he So he procured the material and had fender covers for both right: and left aides sewed up in such n way that they would be useful on practically any car. A pocket was provided along the out side, to aeeoirmimbite the edge of the fender; aha n flap to prated the side nearest the car body. These covers have given splen did sendee. The heavily sapped hade of i ho Fahrikoiu keeps the polished fenders unseratched, and the material is thick enough to serve ns a cushion and render Iiarmless ordinary friction and blows from the tools used. When cars are being moved in dose proximity to the car receiving attention, these covers prevent scratches and dinges from accidental collisions. As evidence of the satisfaction they have given, Mr. Freck has added Fahrikmd door covers to his equipment. These covers protect the door linings from being soiled by contact with the greasy clothing of the work men. Any grease or dirt adhering to this material can readily be washed off with soap and water, so that door covers and fender covers can at all times be kept presentable. Mr. Freck is now having some protec tive seat covers made of I'ahrikmcL Ivory Pyralin Production Increased Sales sometimes outrun production, hut ive have anticipated demands for 1920 DEMAND for toilet articles made designs. However, new ideas ami designs A of materials other than gold, silver were being kept in mind. One of these or tortoise shell already existed r.ew designs, which was afterward pro when Ivory Pyralin toiletware was firdsutced, is known as the La Belle pattern, introduced to the American public. At and in distinctive in pattern and in that time comparatively few people could contour. The unprecedented demand for afford t-o buy articles made of precious La Belle articles during 1919 obliged us metals or shell. temporarily to withdraw the line fromsale. Like iho first graphaphones put on the Another achievement of 1919 was market, the first articles of this material Colortone Pyralin, a composited Pyralin were made in plain patterns. Later on, made In three colors, blue, ebony, or there came the call for period designs. coral on grained ivory and known under To satisfy this demand the well-known the trade names of Azurfcone, Ehotono, Du Barry pattern was introduced. This and CnralfiK'. They arc engraved in pattern has been more popular than any circular and moire effects. The mer other period design made for toiletware. chants who received these beautiful l.niortunately, we were not able to articles lost no time in displaying them predict future sales. Thin prevented our to the best advantage in counter and manufacturing enormous stores of Pyralin window. These? decorative patterns took before America entered the war. Con the country by storm, and the demand sequently, when our factory production for Colortone Pyralin became so great was being devoted to war purposes, we that, much to our regret, we found it were merely able to till a proportional e necessary to withdraw this line from sale amount o' our oraors, and were hampered for the Unin firing. This was occasioned in the development of new ideas and by the fuel that it required considerable time and skill io increase production sufficiently to meet the demand. Pro duction for 1920 has been increased m that from every indication at the presuit time it is expected that the 1920 output, not only of the regular lines of toiletware articles, but also of the La Belle and Coiortone Pyralin articles, will be {suffi ciently great to meet all demands. Jewelry stores, department and drug stores have found that the demand for Ivory Pyralin toilet articles is con stantly increasing because the sale of these products, instead of being seasonal, is rapidly extondmgto a year-roundelemand. The beauty of Ivory Pyralin in itself would he sufficient to create it steady demand for it. Bui this is nor the only quality it possesses. When compared with sets made of other material it is found to he much more economical and is more easily cleaned. From a sanitary standpoint, it Is desirable, as ft may easily he cleansed with soap and water or Ivory Pyralin Cleaning Cream, FEBRUARY, 1920 13 PATHFINDERS Drafting Board and Table Covers When the world releases a During the past year several large ill inker no one ean predict manufacturing concerns have found it what the result will he. worth while to equip the drawing hoards j INew things are the out come and tabled used in their drafting rooms with covers of medium-weight Fabrikoid. j of lliouglil applied In the use These covers are laid over the blue | of materials that are as old as prints and drawings whenever the drafts j creation. men am net at work. They serve as a I The waves of wireless were protection against dust and against possible damage from water or chemicals | here from the beginning of that might be used in case of fire. | time, hut Marconi pul them lo Fabrikoid proven to he the ideal mate ! work ami civilization advanced rial for this purpose. Contact with ordi | another notch because he gave nary chemicals or moisture does not: penetrate or injure it. It does not oxi I his discovery to the world. dize, crack, peel or fade in use. It rolls j 1 ,et us have t he benefit of your up even!y, and, when unrolled, lies flat. i thought in the use of Du Font With caresueh covers will last a long time. Product*.--Editor. Buy New Ones? No. Paint Them Are your window shades shabby, wrinkled, with the tiller worn off almost to the point of transparency1? Cheer up! New shades are not necessary. A coal of paint will make them look like new. It can be done easier than you think. Just get a can of Harrisons Sanitary Flat, Remove the shades from the roll ers. Lay them hat on newspapers, spread out. on the floor, and secure the corners with thumb-tacks. Now open, the can of paint and add about 25 per cent of tur pentine to thin it. Stir until the turpen tine is thoroughly mixed with the paint, then apply evenly and stipple with a dry. stiff brush. Allow the curtains to dry for twenty-four hours, then refasten them to the rollers. Simple enough, isn't if? A Double-Purpose Cap A manufacturer in St. Louis has brought out a very practical cap for motorists, golfers, motorcyclists and sportsmen. The feature of the cap la that it is made with a double vizor, one im posed on the other. The upper vizor ia of the same material as the cap itself, which is made of bronze khaki waterproof cloth. The under vizor is made of green Trans parent Pyralin Sheeting, edged with the khaki cloth. You may wear the cap for every day use and no one will suspect that it is other than an ordinary cap. But if you wear it while motoring, you can protect your eyes simply by raising t-lie upper vizor and pulling the lower vizor down over the eyes. The sheeting is as trans parent as glass, and the protective vizor serves the same purpose as a pair of automobile goggles would. Painting Milk Cans for Protection For years dairymen have followed the practice of painting a distinctive mark on their cans, the more easily to distinguish them from others at the milk station. More recently they began to paint the entire surface of their cans for protection as well as for identification, using Antoxide--a rust inhibit!ve paint that serves both purposes. This metal paint is ohtamable in four colors, which jMirmils each dairyman to adopt a distinctive color or a combination of colors for his cans. Quick identification is thus made easy. The additional advantage is that a coat of this paint makes each can rust proof. Jl is important to paint the hottoms cf milk cans, for the tin coating wears of! there more quickly than else where on the body of the cam A Resourceful Young Lady Dark tarnished spots on a Wilmington girl's rioth-of-gold dancing pumps just spoiled her otherwise perfect attire for i he hall. The time crowded the hour for the first dance and the soiled slippers loomed as a blemish lo mar her anticipated pleasure. A few moments' reflection sug gested the remedy--Du Pont: Gold Enamel. Five minutes later she raced downstairs--ready, with not a trace of the tarnish remaining on her pretty pumps. She hud renewed the gold color with all the lustre the manufacturer gave to them when first made. Ideal Poultry Leg Bands In rural sections, particularly, where chickens, ducks and turkeys have the run of the neighborhood, it is difficult to identify one's docks from those of the neighbors. Many a dispute over the ownership of poultry has been put up t o the justice of the peace for settlement. The necessity of identification for this purpose, and also as a means of keeping up-to-date records for breeding purposes, has established the use of poultry leg hands, which heretofore have largely been made of aluminum. More recently leg hands have been made of Pyralin Sheeting, a material ideal for the purpose on account of its light weight and the many colors in which it may be obtained. Leg hands of this material do not rust, nor do they cut or chafe the leg of the fowl--features that also recommend Pyralin for this use. IIlusting Cargoes Blowing up boats with their cargoes was a favorite pastime with the Huns during the war. With submarine tor pedoes? Yos, and by stealthily placing dynamite bombs with timing devices in the holds of our steamers hound for France. We heard, much about it at the time. But hero's a new one: Americans are blasting cargoes in the holds of barges and schooners right along, and not a word about it ever gets into print-- because the work is accomplished with out damage to the boats. Boatloads of phosphate rock are now shipped to fertilizer factories along the eastern shore of Delaware. On arrival the rock Is found to be hardened in the hold, like cement exposed to the weal her. It isn't practicable to dig it out by hand labor, so light charges of dynamite arc exploded to break it up, whereupon the rock is easily removed and the boat returns to the port of original shipment for another load. Insoles for Outdoor Shoes Boy Scouts arc taught to he resource ful. And they are. Recently a Wilming ton scout, who enjoys skating and the long hikes over the hills, thought of Fabrikoid as a possible means of pre venting his feet from getting cold. So ho bought a strip of Craftsman Fabrikoid and cut- out a pair of insoles, which he inserted in his skating shoes with the coated side down and the napped surface in position to act as a cushion. :*The coated side keeps my feet dry," he says, "and the napped surface keeps my feet as warm as felt would." IMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Inc. of Wilmington, Delaware Wishes to announce that neither it, nor any of its subsidiaries or affiliated companies, nor any of its officers or directors, is in any way connected with, or interested in, the Nemours Trading Corporation, the Allied Industries Corporation, the Merchants and Manufacturers5 Exchange or the French-Ameri can Constructive Corporation; sometimes indefi nitely referred to as ` `the du Fonts of Wilmington. ' ' The above corporations, because of similarity of names adopted for some of them, are frequently confused with the DU PONT AMERICAN INDUSTRIES and the E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS EXPORT COMPANY, which are subsid iaries of E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Inc., of Wil mington, Delaware. The sale of the products of E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Inc., and its subsidiary companies--outside of the United States and Canada--is handled by its subsidiary corporation, the E. L DU PONT DE NEMOURS EXPORT COMPANY, with headquarters at 120 Broadway, New York, U. S. A. All advertisements of the subsidiaries of the E. L du Pont dc Nemours & Company, Inc., bear its trade-mark- - Wilmington, Dei,, January 8j , 1920 16 DU PONT MAGAZINE The Olympic Club Tournament Let lower California be the scene of the world's championship battle between Cm-pentier and Dempsey. Who cares? California--to he more specific, the Lake side grounds of the Olympic Athletic Club of ban Francisco...will be the scene of another world's championship trap shooting tournament to begin February 19, 1920, And that's more interesting! The club grounds are splendidly laid out and equipped. The location is ideal for a tournament of world championship class. phies; for purses only, or fnr trophies only. Kneh shooter is allowed his own option. Formal program announcements are not yet available, but it is known that there will he trophies for high guns, trophies for five-men teams, for the world's championship, for junior cham pionship, and many other trophies will he awarded to reward those who enter and make top-notch scores. Any amateur in good standing in the American Trapshooters' Association is eligible to contest in the tournament:. All shooters interested should address the Olympic Club, Ban Francisco, Califor nia, for further particulars. of fchi Olympic Club For natural beauty these grounds are said t:o be unsurpassed by any in the country. The Olympians opened their traps in January, 1919, and have been very active in conducting local shoots and tourna ments. More than 300,000 targets were trapped during the last year. The approaching tournament is the first big oiler of the Olympic Club to the trapshooting world. Its success Is assured by the backing of the most prominent athletic clubs in the Far West. Cash prices of a value of $1000 and trophic:- valued at $1000 more will he ottered in the program lor this tourna ment, winch will be registered. Con testants may shoot for purses and tro Washing "Pay Din" Continued from patje 5 In the early spring it is given a thorough overhauling and at The first thaw hun dreds of holes are drilled in the ice preparatory to blasting and breaking it up with dynaroiu?, so that the dredge boat may have room to swing about or turn. The method of procedure is as follows: Holes are punched through the ice to the water. From four to twelve sticks of ' & y. Ranch Du Pout Gelatin are tied together with i\ wire or strong cord and the bundle lowered in each hole so that the explosive is in the water and below the iee. One of the sticks is primed with a No. f> cap or detonator. A wire or cord, attached both to the bundle of dynamite and to a stick laid across the top of the hole, keeps it in position. Lending wires are connected with the blasting machine and when all charges urn ready the operator Jams down the rack-bar of the machine with results such as you see illustrated. Mr, Ilopkius, uf the Tonopah Placer Dredge, says tine molts are obtained by this method; In HpIIERE is nothing A spectacular about the Waldorf-Astoria. It is an hotel where comfort and luxury are unassuming-- yet unmistakable. g if Maimi'-ifetoria Fifth Avenue YJl one* 34? Sbrats.New'lbtfc L-K-J- Boomer President fact, this if? the only way the work can he satMuiiiorI ly doij u. During a freezing period of four months this >e lias ir^eii found to be 4% or seven feet thick, and the gravel banks surrounding the pond in which the dredge floats have been found frozen to a depth of fifteen feet. This material also has to be broken up with dynamite before the dredge can handle it. IVORY PYRALIN The beautiful, mellow, ivory-like grain of Ivory Pyralin, the charm of its possession, the variety of up-to-date patterns and decorations make it the most salable feature of the toilet goods department of any store. Every piece stamped with the name Ivory Pyralin, with addi tion of pattern name, when in Du Barry, La Belle, or other patterns, assuring customer satisfaction when buying. Write for your copy of the new 1920 Ivory Pyralin catalog, just out. E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO., In c . Sales `Department, Dyralin Division WILMINGTON, DELAWARE branches NEW YORK ST. LOUIS BOSTON COLUMBUS CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO Wmnr . S AND V, Ke e p Yo u r Mo t o r Ve h ic l e s Lo o k in g Ne w DU PONT AUTO FINISHES include all products necessary to refinish pleasure cars and auto trucks How Does Your Car Look? Write for List of Finishes E.I.d u Po n t d e Ne mo u r s Co.,In c . Sales Department, Bu n t a n d "Va r n is h Div is io n WILMINGTON, DELAWARE