Moreover,lov lead concentration in the urine might be said to have come about as the result of poor performance on the part of the kidney even in the presence of sizable quantities of lead.

The tank #501, of 55000 bbl.. capacity had been used for the storage of leaded gasoline for the past six years and had not been cleaned during that time.

The Total market for Lead and Chromate products is declining because of concern about regulations at an unknown rate - we now estimate 10% per year.

Outdoor welding and cutting involving lead, mercury, and cad mium require that the worker wear re spiratory protective equipment Generation of gases and fumes Oxides of nitrogen from the high-temperature com bination of nitrogen and oxygen in the air are always generated near the welding or cutting arc An inert gas shield, however, minimizes the introduction of air to the arc.

Ind, lead Refining Department, Iut Chisago, Ind,; Zina Oxide Department, Xast Chloago, lad, Ziao Oxide Department, Akron, Ohio Raritan Copper Works, Perth labor, K I* Steelting Department.

o> to am Mf. i _t to CJ (0 fltt-t 1 COO 0 3 33 *0 M ^ a eo ' i i 1 i >3 t3 i (3(31 I I l 1(0 IH 1 111 33 t l l 1 Oi 3 M M C* > 1 i 1 >OH3>MtOii| OMM l 1 l .0725 .0825 .01 .161 ;i i i i i IO t t 1 (tit CO 3 CO 3 eO > m O *# e 3>(0CDHmo io eo^Hfih o M 1 i f t 1 1 i | t i 1 3330 1 | 3>33 < ; ** * l #3 1* ( >OM3It il11 400 410 150 8i 0M9.5 75.0 1578.5 OO I Of-433 1 *M3 1 3 3Il Ii t CJrJ 1 t i too i i 1 Mto M1 1 Z inc Oxide W hite Lead Carbonati A s b e s tin e R efined L 0 Bodied L 0 Z-6 M ineral S p irits L iq u id D riers C alculated Y ield M a te r ia l C ost Per G< L 0 Content per Gal L 0 Content per Gal M a te r ia l C ost Per Gi 1-------- C alculated Y ie ld 1850.75 iZr-i t6s Liquid D riers W h ite Lead Car bona t< Zi>% Leaded Z in c iO H I M 3 X 3 Z M S M 8 is gg S3 8S T i-S ll R efined L 0 Bod M in ied era l L S0p J=jf 41 H 9 OH M *g ss U MCBQM CJ 3

./ LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION o MEW TOOK IT, N.

Changing the process In some cases, a process can be modified to reduce the exposure to a dust or fume and thus markedly reduce the hazard In the automobile industry, the amount of lead dust created by grinding solder seams with small high-speed sanding disks was greatly reduced by changing to hand filing Brushpainting or dipping instead of spray paint ing will minimize the concentration of air borne contaminants from toxic pigments Other examples of change of process are arc welding m place of nvebng, vapor de greasing to replace hand-washing of parts, airless spraying techniques and electrostatic devices to minimize overspray as replace, ments for hand-spraying, and machine appli cation of lead oxide to battery grids which reduced lead exposure in making storage batteries However, mechanization may aggravate rather than decrease hazardous conditions m some instances, so process changes must be considered carefully Isolation or enclosure Isolation is particularly useful for limited operations requiring relatively few workers or where control by any other method is too difficult or too expensive The ]ob is iso lated from the rest of the operation and thus the majority of the workers are not ex posed to the hazard The workers actually concerned with the operation can then be protected by installing a ventilation system which probably would not have been satis factory if the operation had not been iso lated and thus able to be enclosed Enclosing the process or equipment is a desirable method of control since the en closure will prevent or minimize the escape of solvent vapor mto the workroom atmos phere Where some of the more highly toxic solvents are used, enclosure should be one of the first measures attempted, after con sidering substitution In most instances, the enclosure should also be exhausted to avoid buildup of solvent vapors Additional pre cautions must be taken when cleaning en closed equipment or during start up or shut down in older to avoid high concentrations of solvent vapors Enclosure of an operation effectively pre vents the dispersal of contaminants En closed equipment is usually run tightly closed and is only opened dunng cleaning or filling operations Further examples of where this type of control is effective are radium dial painting, glove booths, wheelabrators or shot blast machines for cleaning tastings, and abrasive blasting cabinets In the chemical industry, the isolation of hazardous processes in closed systems is a widespread practice, which is one reason why die manufacture of toxic substances is often less hazardous than their use In the mechanical industries, complete enclosure is frequently the best solution of severe dust or fume hazards, such as those from sand blasting or metal spraying operations Wet methods Dust hazards can frequently be'minimized or greatly reduced by application of water or other suitable hquid at the source of dust, a method often used for silica and loose dusts Wetting of floors before sweep ing to keep down the dispersion of harmful dust is advisable when better methods, such as vacuum cleaning, cannot be applied "Wetting down" is one of the oldest, sim plest, and when properly used, most effec tive methods for the dust control.

It should be noted at the outset that the criteria upon which the clinical study was based and which are referred to here as "the occurrences of abnormalities" were not in themselves entirely specific of harmful lead absorption.

Standard flexible lead connecting tube of 50 feet will be sent unless otherwise speci fied; excess if any, can be coiled up near 644 valve or damper motor.

We are reemphasising tho necessity for good personal hygiene among personnel handling lead and antimony compounds.

But, as you say, the ideal to strive for is no absorption of lead at all.

Uskorona was the only tape of 4 lead ing brands that was still intact after a 4-hour corona-(ozone) resistance test.

F, Mschie ^ 'ti'' i4 * 2- - June 30 193S Kr W .i/`iISPS: - ',2 was lead I.

Notify the PELS(R> Lead Operator that you are through with the tank. 21.