In my opinion, It is most unlikely that this man's symptoms are due to his lead N 7244 Dr.

DUTCH BOY WHITE-LEAD 'yrr.

Ethyl Leaded Reg.

You see, they make the pur est lead into white lead.

Use the leads from the o|d motor.

First 1 should like to point out that our primary purpose has been to prevent industrial exposure to lead compounds which would produce cases of lead poisoning.

I refer of course to the man who dr I recently found lead on cabbages that had been shipped fhey had probably been sprayed with arsenate of lead wh off by rain.

many years Industrially important metals and their compounds that can have a toxic effect when the dust or fumes are inhaled include arsenic, antimony, cadmium, chromium, lead, manga nese, mercury, selenium, tellurium, thallium, uranium, and a few others The effect of some metals, such as mag nesium and zinc, appears to be transient Only limited data are available on the exotic and rare earth metals Although the dusts and fumes from metals with low toxicity do not need as much atten tion as the dusts and fumes from highly toxic metals, they should not be neglected or dis regarded The metals with low toxicity are more readily controlled because greater amounts can be tolerated, but their dusts and fumes should be kept at reasonable levels since excessive amounts of any of them can be harmful Inhalation of the dust of lead compounds is the most common mode of entry of lead into the system, and ingestion of lead compounds can add to the problem if personal hygiene is poor Workers therefore should be en couraged to wash thoroughly before eating, and lunchrooms should be set apart from work areas Smoking should be prohibited m work areas Work clothes and street clothes should be stored separately Lead is a normal constituent of plants and animals, and people ingest and excrete it daily even though they are not exposed to excessive lead m their daily work When intake rates exceed the normal excretion rates, however, lead builds up in the body When the accumulation reaches a sufficient level, symptoms of poisoning or intoxication appear The concentration of airborne lead should therefore be kept below the threshold limit because of lead's high toxicity and its tend ency to accumulate in the human system Beryllium intoxication is a severe systemic disease that can result from the tnhalation of the dust or fume of metallic beryllium, berylhum oxide, and soluble beryllium compounds (There is no evidence of intoxication from the ingestion of insoluble compounds) Only the inhalation of the beryllium-bearing dusts or fumes produces systemic disease Ac cordingly, control of such dusts and fumes to keep them below the concentration specified by ACGIH (American Conference of Govern mental Industrial Hygienists) threshold limit values is a basic protective measure When the soluble salts of beryllium, espe cially beryllium fluonde, contact cuts or ab rasions on the skin, deep ulcers may be formed which heal very slowly, and complete surgical excision of the ulcer is sometimes required to effect healing Metal fume fever is an acute condition caused by a bnef high exposure to the freshly generated fumes of metals such as zinc, mag nesium or their oxides Symptoms appear from 4 to 12 hr after exposure and consist of fever and shaking chills There is complete recovery usually within one day, and ordi narily the employee can return to work with out recurrence However, after a period m which there has been no contact with the fume, for example, after a layoff, resumption of exposure is likely to bnng on an attack Metal fume fever is caused by heavy con centrations of fumes Zinc oxide fume is the most common source, but cases caused by the inhalation of fumes from magnesium oxide, copper oxide, and other metallic oxides have also been reported The condition does not occur from the handling of these oxides in powder form Apparently, it results only from the inhalation of extremely fine particles freshly formed as fume (called a "nascent fume") Cadmium, mercury, and other metals may also produce a fever followed by the toxic effects of the element Gases It would seem that everybody is well in formed concerning carbon monoxide, the gas which is responsible for more hazardous ex posures and incidents than any other, and also the gas responsible for the greatest number of cases of fatal asphyxiation In areas where there is an active possibility of escape of gases containing carbon monoxide, there tends to be an increasing use of multipoint carbon monoxide alarms Such installations have been placed in a number of blast furnace plants where carbon monoxide concentrations of the gas are in the order of 26 or 27 percent Fortunately, for most fuel gas purposes natural gas is coming into increasing use and 1047

-'p ' Paints that are poisonous. ~...... ' hite taint Aluminum and potassium silicate Basic lead - carbonate Aluminum silicate or china clay , Basic lead suplhate Calcium carbonates or ground limestone lead titanate Barium sulphate or baryte Antimony oxide Calcium sulphate or gypsum Lithopone Magnesium silicates or talc Silica Titanium barium Titanium calcium Titanium dioxide Titanium Magnesium T'itanaiad lithopone Zinc-sulphide barium Zinc-sulphide calcium Zinc-sulphide magnesium zinc oxide Zinc sulphide Paints Anally considered harmless-- Paints that are poisonous-- Continued. . ' Continued Red:pop.nt : CEIbrinated para Iron oxide,, red ladder lake Fara red Toluidine red Red paint Cadmium red Litharage or red lead Lithol red Orangen pai nt Medium lithol toner and Hansa yellow Orange paint Chrome orange' Molybdate orange Grange mineral lead oxide Yellow paint Hansa yellow Iron-oxide yellow Yellow paint Chrome yellow Cadmium yellow Zinc yellow Green .paint Tungstated organic green Fhobpho-tungstic green Green paint Chrome green Lead-chromate yellow and iron blue Blue paint , Tungstated organic blue Prussian blue Ultramarine blue : Blue Paint Copper rhtyalocyanine blue

At present, however, I insist upon having samples of blood for analysis in all cases of childhood lead poisoning, and in all cases of lead poisoning in the adult, except those rare cases of tetraethyl lead poisoning which occur under highly unusual or accidental cir cumstances (when tetraethyl lead is absorbed, the blood level increases little or none, apparently because the intermediate compounds resultant upon the de- ' composition of the molecule in the tissues are r.ot capable of combining with the component of the crytlirocyte that is involved when inorganic lead compounds are absorbed).

Use the leads from the old motor.

The expression of urinary lead excretion in terms of concentration rather than on the basis of time.

Our experience with lead burners in recent years has demon strated that they may be exposed to hazardous amounts of lead.

Lead pigment* hair lxt-n idled for on all three coat* *1M`. lead pignx-nt in tlx* primer, in tlx* intermediate. . in llie finish).

On the basis of fine stippled erythrocytes in b3.ood, the statement has been made that a number of these men have shown evidences of lead absorption.