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T. . . . 6 060004 USFW 0580 3.1.2 TAL M etals........................................................................................................ 7 3.1.3 Pesticides/PCBs................................................................................................ 8 3.1.4 VOCs ............................................................................................................... 8 3.1.5 Total Fluoride .................................................................................................. 9 3.1.6 Organofluorides................................................................................................ 9 3.1.7 Total Organic Carbonand Grain Size of Soil and Sediment..............................10 3.1.8 Water Quality Param eters.................................................................................. 10 3.1.9 Bovine Fecal Samples ....................................................................................... 10 3.2 Biotic Sampling and Tissue A nalysis..............................................................................10 3.2.1 Benthic Macroinvertebrates................................................................................11 3.2.2 M am m al...............................................................................................................12 3.2.3 F is h .......................................................................................................................13 3.2.4 E arth w o rm ..........................................................................................................13 3.2.5 Vegetation............................................................................................................ 14 3.3 Histological assay of small mammal liver and k id n e y ....................................................14 3.4 Toxicity Testing................................................................................................................. 14 4.0 SUMMARY OF PRELIMINARY ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT S C R E E N ..............15 5.0 DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................................. 15 SECTION II 1.0 2.0 ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT .............................................................................16 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................16 1.1 O bjective............................................................................................................................ 16 1.2 Site Background..................................................................................................................16 PROBLEM FORMULATION ............................... 16 2.1 Ecological Risk Assessment ............................................................................................. 16 2.2 Identification of the Contaminants of C oncern.................................................................17 2.3 Exposure Characterization................................................................................................ 17 2.4 Hazard Characterization/Toxicity Assessment................................................................. 17 2.4.1 F lu o rid e ............................................................................................................... 17 2.4.2 Organofluorides...................................................................................................18 2.4.3 Aluminum............................................................................................................. 18 2.4.4 Arsenic ............................................................................................................... 18 2.4.5 B eryllium ............................................................................................................. 19 000005 USFW 0581 2.4.6 Chromium............................................................................................................ 19 2.4.7 C o p p er.................................................................................................................20 2.4.8 I r o n ...................................................................................................................... 21 2.4.9 Lead ................................................................................................................... 21 2.4.10 Manganese ......................................................................................................... 21 2.4.11 Nickel ................................................................................................................. 22 2.4.12 V anadium ............................................................................................................ 22 2.4.13 Zinc ....................................................................................................................23 2.5 Selection of Assessment Endpoints.................................................................................. 23 2.6 Production of Testable H ypotheses.................................................................................. 24 2.7 Conceptual Model ............................................................................................................ 25 2.8 Selection of Measurement Endpoints................................................................... 26 2.9 Life History/Exposure Profile Inform ation......................................................................29 2.9.1 The amphipod (Hyallela azteca) as Representative of Benthic Invertebrates .......................................................................................................... 29 2.9.2 Earthworm (Eisenia foetida) as Representative of Terrestrial Invertebrates ...........
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Richard Fleming Associates.
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