Document ym244zZRqGbXwNN2vYeygmNEV
ASBESTOS INFORMATION ASSOCIATION
1745 Jefferson Davis Highway. Crystal Square 4, Suite 509 Arlington, Virginia 22202 (703) 979-1150
November 2, 1982
Memorandum For: Subject:
MEMBERS Forwarding of Items of Interest
The enclosures, as described briefly below, are forwarded as items of interest:
1. Two clips from the November 2 issue of THE WALL STREET JOURNAL - They relate to an asbestos-related court decision and a company's filing for protection under Chapter 11 of-;*'; the federal Bankruptcy Code due to' number of asbestos-related damage suits.
2. Two articles from July/August and October issues of CONTRACTORS GUIDE - It was considered that the article by Terrence M. Quinn merited a response because it contained some inaccurate and misleading information. AIA/NA's letter,, along with Mr. Quinn's response, appear in the October issue.
3. Article from October issue of The Construction Specifier magazine - This article by Les Stanwood covers a number of areas relating to asbestos with particular emphasis on re moval operations. AIA/NA provided Mr. Stanwood with a number of materials and is mentioned as a source of information in the article.
B. J. Pigg Executive Director
Enclosures
CAPCO JEN 0012877
Seven Asbestos Makers
Are Clearedby Jiiry
In Lawsuit Over Death
--^r*
r. ftfifall SnXMT'jomauL StaffBiffttf
-.. CLBVEUND-Seven -asbestos manufac
turers were cleared ol responsibility lor an
alleged asbestos-linked canqer death In one
o! the. Hist trials since Mamdllt Corp. Bled
under therU-S. Bankruptcy Code.
'-A Cuyahoga County common pleas court
jury ruled Friday that the widow o( an as
bestos-insulation Installer,j.who. supposedly
-died of stomach cancer.-.waaa't'entttled to $S
:fnllllon In damages frormthe companies!
& The jury cleared Annstroog World Indus- '
[tries Inc., Eagle-Picberi'Industries ` Inc..,
.Forty-Eight Insulatloil'C&GAF Corp^.'Nl-
,cQlet Inc. and RaymaxkIndustries., Inc.;
-Judge James. J. McMonagle. lssued'.a.dh
'reeled verdict clearing-Keene CorpJVunit'
I of Bolmco.Corp., before the .case went to the
jury. Nlcoiet Inc. isn't'related to Nicolet In
strument Corp. '.V.j33
--judge McMonagle said the jury, was re-*
luctant to find the six companies liable, be-1 'cause most of the evidence supposedly:lm;
volved Manville asbestos', products.-. > Manville was removed from the suit after
it filed under the Bankruptcy Code in-Ath,
gust.; Judge McMonagle said. UNIT Indus
tries Inc. also was'dismissed as a defendant,
after ft filed under the bankruptcy, code^he. said. ?. ~: -*S ' ;
Robert Sweeney? the piairaft's attorney,-
said he will appeal the verdict because'he
believes' the jury misinterpreted, the judge's -
Instruction concerning Joint liability."."V-.
... Mr. Sweeney said the jury was supposed;
to determine whether the exposure to the de-'
fendants* products was the cause of the
man's death. He said the Jury shouldn't
have considered, that exposure to another
company's products contributed`.'to the
death. "It's as ifthe companies are arguing,
`We only killed him a little Jrft, Manville
killed him a lot.' The other companies are;
jockeying over who killed him the-most,"
Mr. Sweeney said. -
.'."'v.
The,, defendants' attorneys had argued
that- exposure to their products wasn't en
ough.-toicause-^cancer, that -the' martdied
fronvifver cabcer^not'stomach cahce.rj-and,'
|t was Manville products that contributed to
his death.
l. v.':;7
- In Denver-,-"a'Manville spokesman said
the ruling Isn't expected to affect his com
pany. "We really aren't a party to the litiga
tion," he explained. "We are on the ridelines
now."
.I
/'
-ArhatSCorp^. Files
'Chapter-Ti.tPetitiQrif'i '
/-(,
ft; *,
- --.!*--r71------S iS'if
rv WalL trmErr Jooawu. Aq/yjieperwr * NORRISTOWN, Pa.-Amatex Corp. filed
In Philadelphia for protection under Chapter!
11 ol tbe-federal Bankruptcy Code from a
deluge of asbestot-related damage suits
brought against the "closely held 'company
'since the mH-UTOs.-^ ',JV'
v
' Araatex,*porpv, which,-,Isn't related .to Ametek Inc-Ji Paoll, Pal,'makef of pred-
'slon instrnmehti1 and'other products, said more than 10,000 damage suits alleging re
spiratory damage from asbestos .exposure
were filed. Amater.makes Industrial textiles
incorporating asbestos for such products'**
fire-resistant clothing and electrical tnsula:
Ban. Mostof the suits were filed by shipyard
workers, the company said.
. Under-Chapter 11; management retains
control and-seeks. court protection from '
creditors' suits while It tries to work out a
debt settlement. Recently, however,-'bank
ruptcy law. also has been used by asbestos
companies seeking-protection from damage
claims.
s-
Amatex's insurance protection "doesn't
exceed V million to J9 mlUlon," said Victor
Drexel, -a company attorney. .Total settle
ments by the company so far have-been 'In
the range of half a-mllllon," he said. Only a
small fraction of the.sults have reached the
stage of settlements, trial, however. J.W. Weber, Amatex chairman; estimated that
just the company's legal costs-"woald ap-
proxJmate-S500,000 a year if.ft must defend
itself against all the suits/In the fiscal year
started yesterday, Amatex anticipates reve
nue of $11 million, Mr. Weber said. Company officials said the suits typically
"seek damages from several otter manufac
turers as well as Aift&tex<r-
THE WALL STREET JOURNAL j l Tuesday, November 2, 1982 )
1
CAP CO JEN 0012878
CAP CO JEN 0012879
phototcotMHy08HA
by Lea Stanwood
In today's renovation market, you may come. upon an asbestos problem. Do you remove it,. cover It, coat It, or what? And how? Here is an update on some of the latest techniques for con trolling asbestos with a list of substitutes currently available. ____________ __________'< '
which croddolite and amosite are * thousands of years, though the major forms in use. About 90
Asbestos-cement (A/C) sheet Asbestos-cement (A/C) pipe
before the 20th century It was little percent of the asbestos used in the Asbestos-reinforced plastics more than a curiosity. Charlemagne United States is chrysotile and , Asbestos-reinforced asphalt..
is said to have had a cloak of asbes cgmes from mines in Quebec.
Taping and caulking
tos fiber which he would Hold in a
compounds
fire for dramatic effect. Modem
Theater curtains and other as
man has found about 3,000 uses for
bestos textiles '
the substance. (See Table 1). Be
, In the last ten years, tightened
cause of its strength, durability, fire
controls on the amount of asbestos
resistance, mixibility, and rela
allowed in building materials and
tively low cost, the mineral fiber - Among the-most common uses outright bans' on some asbestos
has found favor in the construction for asbestos in' construction have products have' greatly reduced the
industry. About three-fourths of. been, until veryRecently: _
total amount used in construction.
this country's use of asbestos has Spray mineral fiber fire Many asbestos-containing products
been in construction.
proofing
which previously had as much as
"Asbestos" is the term used by Spray mineral fiber insulation 30 percent by weight of asbestos
geologists and others to denote Spray asbestos-containing now have only one percent. For
some half dozen silicon-containing decorative surfaces
- this reason much of the asbestos in
mineral fibers which share certain Asbestos-containing floor tile buildings today is left over from
characteristics, among them Asbestos roofing felt
use between 1960 and 1970, before
strength, heat resistance, and Asbestos-containing sealants stricter standards were imposed.
chemical inertness. There are basi and coatings
cally two types: serpentine, of
Asbestos insulation for boilers . The Health Hazards ofAsbestos
which the primary useful variety is and pipes
Asbestos has been banned in
chrysotile: and amphibole, of Asbestos electrical insulation some European countries, most no
tably, Sweden. The suggestion has
been made to outlaw it in this
Asbestos fibers, once thought almost miraculous, now thought to be a haz country as well. Airborne asbestos
ard, and severely shaking up the building and legal Industry.
fibers can be a serious threat to
THE CONSTRUCTION' SPECIFIER OCTOBER 'C2 23
CAPCO JEN 0012880
I
health, as has been amply demon the National Library of Medicine crushed to a powder) and bound.
I strated by a high rate of lung dis- hqs published a comprehensive Friable materials are rarely avail ease and certain cancers in asbestos bibliography oh "Asbestos Toxic able today because of their obvious miners and factory workers and ity," Literature Search No. 77-14. health hazard. In the past such ma their families. Scientists have not (Write: Literature Search Program, terials were common, and con agreed on a safe lower limit for as National'Library of Medicine, 8600 tractors frequently encounter them bestos exposure, in part because Rockville. Pike, Bethesda, MD during remodeling or demolition.
asbestos-related diseases take up to 20014. Include an addressed, The principal friable products
40 years to develop, and the current .gummed labeL)
were: spray asbestos Insulation and
low levels of exposure have not been in effect long enough to reveal any trends.
Some researchers argue that the
Dealing with the "Asbestos Problem"
Contractors and specifiers are
fireproofing, asbestos pipe and boiler insulation, decorative asbes tos surfaces, and asbestoscontaining ceiling tiles which have
present standard of two fibers per
cubic centimeter is adequate to
control risk. Others have urged that
the standard be reduced to 0.1 fib ers per cubic centimeter,* not a
threshold value, but rather the low
est concentration of asbestos which
can be measured with field instru
ments. They point out that the two-
fiber standard, perhaps sounding
low, allows one to breath in mil
lions of fibers a day, especially
those too small to be seen with rou
tine equipment
.
The hazards of water-borne,
which is to say ingested, asbestos
have not been clearly established.
Several studies have found no evi
dence of significant counts of fibers or damage to health as a result of
water-borne asbestos. But research - in San Francisco, where the inci
A typical celling with blown-on asbestos Insulation and now a real removal and/or cover-lt-up problem. '
dence of natural asbestos in water likely to be asked to deal with as been vandalized or are beginning to
is high, and studies ofpeople living bestos in three .ways:
decompose.
near asbestos mines show that 1. Specifying new materials for Virtually all new materials,
there may be a relationship be
construction. (Evaluating the which contain asbestos fiber have
tween the fibers and certain
safety of asbestos-containing- the fibers bound into the substance
cancers.
. products or specifying sub - of the product. Manufacturers con
The medical .literature on
stitutes where heeded.)'
tend that the chances of asbestos
asbestos-related health problems is 2. Installing new materials. (Pro being released into the air from
voluminous. Good summaries are
viding for safe work practices.) such products is negligible, except
available in the references listed at 3. Handling asbestos-containing when they are mishandled during
the end of this article. In addition.
materials during remodeling or construction or demolition. Al
demolition. (Specifying for safe though there have been reports that
treatment or removal of asbestos cement pipe can slough
LES STANWOOD is a regular con tributor to the Construction Specifier. He is a freelance writer, living in Coupeviiie, Washington, and special izes in subjects dealing with health and environment
asbestos).
New Materials for Construction In general, asbestos-containing materials can be divided into two categories: friable (capable of being
asbestos fibers under extreme wear and/or chemical assault, no In crease in disease has been linked to fibers thought to be released into water of cities where A/C pipe has been used for many years.
24 THE CONSTRUCTION SPECIFIER/OCTOBER '12
CAPCO JEN 0012881
The decision to use asbestos- guide to substituting for asbestos, and, according to industry spokes-
containing products or not depends although the EPA and others con ~ men, do not present a health prob
on a number of factors: the re tend that alternatives are available lem for workers or building occu quirements of the job, the cost and in every case. Many of the best sub pants unless they are improperly
;
availability of adequate substitutes, stitutes are being developed by the cut, sanded, or handled. (See Sideand the perceived liability or ethi large asbestos companies them bar on asbestos handling.) A num
cal compromise, among other selves. In general these companies ber of booklets are available which
things. It is difficult, to say the have not vigorously marketed these outline safe working procedures.
least, to weigh the utility and low products, perhaps because doing so For a free list of available books,
cost of the mineral against the un might be considered an admission contact the Asbestos Information
knowns of future public policy or that asbestos-containing products Association (AIA).
medical findings.
are dangerous. Representatives The most serious roadblock to
The task is rendered even more from each company, after trying to' safe handling of asbestos may not
difficult by the fact that many of the
substitutes are themselves under investigation with regard to their effects on health--fiberglass, for example.
Asbestos is a unique substance with striking strength, resistance to wear and fire, and utility. No single material seemingly has been found which can perform as well. Conse quently. each asbestos substitute must be evaluated In comparison only to the competing asbestos bearing product. You could not as sume, for example, that since poly ester has been used successfully as a replacement for asbestos in as phalt, it will work equally well in cement sheet (though it might.)
Safe Handling of Asbestos
The Asbestos Information As
b. design so work can be done with
sociation and its affiliated organizations as few people as possible.
offers number ofguides to safe working
c. plan layout so hoods, enclos
practices. (See references.) Here are a ures, etc., are not affected by drafts.
few of their strongest recommend-
d. keep interiors free of beams and
etions:
pipes.
1. Never use power driven saws with " e. use only power tools which are
abrasive discs (Masonry Blades) when- - equipped with approved vacuuming
working with A/C products. When pos devices.
sible, use single-point cutting and chip 4. Jettison waste products in;mix
ping tools instead.
when possible.
"-*
. 2. Never blow off dust; vacuum..
5. Practice good housekeeping:
3. When practical, maintain a sep 6. Use personal protective equip
arate fabrication area where asbestos ment (The elements of an acceptable
containing products can be worked on. respirator are set forth by ANSI (NY) in
When designing this separate work ANSI Standard 288.2-1969 "American
area:
National Standards Practices for Respi
a. plan for a separate observation ratory Protection.")
area.
Where can you find substitutes
for asbestos? Many are listed in talk you out of substitutes, can steer be lack of knowledge of pro-
Table 2. These were largely taken you to their alternative product. As ceduresi however, but an un
from a national workshop on asbes a rule, specifiers who want no as awareness on the part of employees
tos substitutes sponsored by the bestos products, must clearly and supervisors. In a field rife with
Environmental Protection Agency. specify "no asbestos-containing mythology, many workers believe,
The proceedings of the workshop . products." The .nomenclature for example, that asbestos dust
have been set down in EPA "mineral fiber," seen by some as a cannot hurt you unless you smoke.
560/3-80-001 Proceedings of the legal hedge against calling for as In fact, while it is true that smokers
National Workshop on Substitutes bestos, is probably not sufficient to are up to 90 times more likely to
for Asbestos (PB-B1-176778). This guarantee either freedom from as suffer from asbestos-related dis
large (600 pages plus) volume is bestos or freedom from legal re eases, non-smokers are at sig
available for inspection at most sponsibility should that asbestos- nificant risk also. Another preva
EPA libraries and on microfiche at containing product prove to be a lent myth is that asbestos-related
larger engineering libraries. Some hazard to health, according to an diseases always require long-term
asbestos industries people have attorney involved in asbestos- exposure. The reality is that cases
criticized the workshop as having related litigation.
of the asbestos-related cancep.
been a showplace for untested products. Table 2 also draws largely on George A. Peter's book
Installing and Handling Asbestos-Containing Materials
mesothelioma, have been docu mented in workers with only a few months exposure to the dust.
(see references).
Nearly all asbestos-containing Consequently, in addition' to the
There is not yet an item-for-item products today are bound asbestos safe handling procedures outlined
THE CONSTRUCTION SPECIF1EROCT03ER '#2 7S
CAP CO JEN 0012882
1
Tahiti , Selected Asbestos Products and Their End Uses `
Floor m
?
Office floors
'.
Commercial Boors -\
Residence floors
Caskets and Packings Valve components Flange components Pump components ` Tank sealing components
Friction Products Clutch/transmission components Brake components Industrial friction materials
Paints, Coatings and Sealants Automotivertruck body coatings Roof coating and patching compounds
Asbestos-reinforced Piastres Electric motor components Molded product compounds for high
strengttvYreight uses
Asbestos Cement Pipe Chemical processing pipe Water supply pipe Conduits for electrical wire
Asbestos Textiles Packing compounds' Gasket compounds Roofing materials
Commercial, industrial dryer felts ` Heat/fireprotective clothing ..
ClutcMransmission components Electrical wire and pipe insulation Fireproof draperies Asbestos Paper > Gas vapor ducts for corrosive
compounds Fireproof absorbent paper Table pads and heat protective mats Heat/lire protective components Molten glass handling equipment Insulation products
Gasket components Undertayment for sheet flooring Electrical wire insulation Fillers for beverages . . Appliance insulation Roofing materials
1
Asbestos Cement Street
Hoods, vents for corrosive chemicals
Chemical tanks and vessel .manufacturing
Portable construction buildings
Electrical switchboards and components . Residential building materials
Molten metal handling equipment industrial building materials
Fire protection Insulation products
.I
Smdtl appliance components
Electrical motor components
Laboratory furniture
Cooling tower components
SOURCE: Asbestos Wormslion Association
Table 2
Some Asbestos Substitutes
Original product_______________ Suggested substitute ___________
Comment
General usage A'C pipe
Fiberglass, sHica fibers, ceramics (alumina-silica fibers), mineral wool, reck wool, plastics, sintered (powdered) metals, ' plant derivatives (e.g. com husks, rice hulls)
Concrete pressure pipe
Reinforced concrete (bar pipe)
Reinforced concrete cylinder pipe
Monolithic
Noneyfinder prestressed concrete
Embedded cylinder prestressed concrete
Lined cylinder prestressed concrete
Pretensioned concrete cylinder
Steel & iron pipe
/
Steel pipe--mortar finer!--various
coatings .
*" `
Ductile iron
`
Plastfepipe'
Reinforced plastic mortar (PRM)____
Reinforced thermosetting resin (RTR)
Poly vinyl chloride (PVC)
This list suggested by participants in the national workshop on asbestos substitutes.
I
A/C sheet
Some specific products: Permastran, polyvinyl core wrapped with fiberglass by Johns-Mansville lnsul-8 Asbestos Cement Pipe, a lined asbestos pipe by Rovanco, Joliet, IL
Glass fiber reinforced cement, flat or corrugated
Cement/wood board Laminated hardboard (Beneiex) (not heat
resistant) Polypropylene cement sheet Calcium silicate sheet (Monolux) Alumina sheet (Zircar Prods., NY)
Mentioned by George Peters (see references)
Suggested by James Jones. Cem-PlL Corp, Nashville, at national workshop
aiBMW
<ir ftipr/'ivcTut
CAPCO JEN 0012883
. by the AIA and OSHA, contractors employee education arid super* l aware of the requirements and pro* should take pains to ensure that all vision be undertaken wherever as- ' cedures which pertain here,
employees who will be working bestos is involved.
Precautions required when deal-
with asbestos products know and understand the reasons for strict
. ing with in-place asbestos enDemolition and Remodeling \ countered during remodeling are
compliance. The Asbestos Infor- Asbestos in the form and a- equally complex. Unfortunately,
mation Association has books and mounts likely to be a serious threat many contractors do not yet have
films which can help ^with em- to health is most prevalent during sufficient expertise to handle prob-
plovee education. Some companies demolition or remodeling of build- lem asbestos properly. This has
have asked that employees sign a ' ing erected between the end of caused both a rash of poorly con
form acknowledging that they World War II and 1970, the heyday trolled, and potentially dangerous,
understand the importance of of friable asbestos In thecas# of asbestos removal jobs, and a di-
proper handling of asbestos.
demolition, if there is reason to be- .mate in which fly-by-night eom-
Such procedures are needed not lieve that concentrations of asbes- panies offering to do removal
only to protect the health of the tos will rise above the allowable cheaply can thrive,
workers but to reduce the liability limit (usually two fibers per cubic Fortunately, the EPA and others
of the contractor for future medical centimeter), the EPA, OSHA and have, recognized this problem and payments growing out of asbestos other state and local air pollution there are now packets available to 'Jf exposure. Agreements with sub- people must be notified. Legitimate help contractors who are inex
i contractors should also specify that demolition contractors are well perienced with regards to asbestos
Table 2 (continued)
5 Some Asbestos Substitutes
S Original product_____________ Suggested substitute
Comment
;V
Asbestos-containing roof
The following have been suggested, but
According to Eric Wormser of Ihe
is
coatings, cements 4 sealants such compounds generally exceed filler
Gibson-Homans Co, Twinsburg. OH.
content allowed in such products: - .
at the national workshop
Glass reinforced plastic
polyethylene fibers
fumed silica
citrus flour
ground fly ash
precipitated calcium carbonate
ground rice hulls shredded newspaper
\. -
f
Asbestos felt roofing
Single-ply membrane Organic felts Fiberglass
r
Asbestos as asphalt additive Asbestos roof files
Polyester
"*
Cement tiles (Monray by Monrier Co. of CAL) Fiberiass reinforced plastic polyester resin
(CeDurShake, Trirn Products of CAL)
See JAN 1979 Public Works. Contractors used >/, percent polyester in place of 1 to 3 percent asbestos, with excellent results.
Suggested at national workshop
Asbestos-containing electrical Coaled silica (such as Zetex by Newtex
and piping insulation
Industries, of Victor, NY)
Asbestos pipe and block insulation
Calcium-silicate insulation (such as THERMO-12 by Johns-Manville)
Consider also Keene's THERMOBOARD, THERMAFACE and MONOBLOCK
Insulating cement
Super 1900 "asbestos-free" mineral wood insulating cement (Keene Corp.)
Gaskets, packings, flame retardant coatings for
structural members
Fabric
Phenol-formaldehyde resins (such as Kynof novotoid fibers by Carborundum Corp.)
Genal E grade phenolic compounds (GE replacement for "all previous GE asbestos-filled phenolics")
Dupont Kevlar 29 (Thermobest)
from George Peters
THE CONSTRUCTION SPECIFIER OCTOBER
77
CAPCO JEN 0012884
ir
removal. The two most basic documents are listed in the refer ences. In addition to these the As sociation of the Wall and Ceiling Industries--International (AWCI) has, for the last two years, offered comprehensive seminars on asbes tos removal. (Call (202) 783-AWQ for the most recent schedule of
classes.) The EPA suggests four basic stra
tegies for handling asbestos control:
1. Leave it alone, 2. Erect a barrier, 3. Encapsulate, or 4. Remove.
Leave it alone
The first step in approaching problem asbestos is to ensure, through competent analysis, that the product in question does in deed "contain asbestos. Not all fri able insulation or ceiling material does. Subsequently, a deter mination of the danger posed has to be made. Removal of asbestos, in many cases, releases far more fibers into the atmosphere than would be released over the 100-year life of a building. Thus, there is ample reason to question the cause of interfering with the product in the absence of evidence of airborne fibers.
Erect a barrier
In many instances a barrier can be put over a decomposing ceiling or an area which contains friable asbestos. Suspended ceilings or new ceilings laid over the friable asbestos material can effectively protect building occupants from the fibers, but only if the seals are complete. Unfortunately, the use of barriers to control flaking ceiling tiles or blown insulation has a poor track record; contractors are often called back in a few years later to remove the product altogether, and at greater expense.
Cl
Two photos show workmen preparing area for asbestos removal by
covering and sealing it off with plastic.
.
7H THE COXSTKIK.TIOX SI'LCIFIKK/OCTOIIEK
I
i
CAP CO JEN 0012885
Encapsulate
Friable asbestos can be sprayed with certain chemicals and thus be transformed into bound asbestos materials. Such application'is far cheaper than removal, and more effective, in many-cases, than isolation.
The EPA has commissioned a study of acceptable encapsulants. Their criteria Included: flame re* sistance, strength, long life, resist ance to vandalism and, of course, efficacy at reducing fiber slough ing. Battelle Columbus Labor atories, under contract from the EPA, tested 100 commercial en capsulants for friable asbestos. The Battelle test--which the EPA does not endorse or reject--found 11 products acceptable without qual ification. Another 23 were labeled "marginally acceptable."
The acceptable products were:
A New Filtering Device
Preventing loose asbestos particles from escaping into the air is one of the most difficult, yet important, chal lenges to the asbestos removal con tractor. Precautions must be taken to protect workers, as well as future in habitants of the building, from the dangers of inhaled or ingested asbes tos. Mateson Chemical Corp. of Phil adelphia offers one solution to this problem, with the introduction of Sterilaire* AFD-3000, a HEPA-type, particulate, super air processor for as bestos removal operations. - Clean Air Technology, manu facturer of the system, claims that Ster ilaire is rated at 3000 CFM, providing 99.97 percent removal of 0.3 micro*
meter microns, the minimal size.
Each unit has a multiple-stage air
filter system end comes in a two-
section separable cabinet assembly,
each section on casters. '
Both filter divisions are monitored
by light and audio overload signals,
designed to prevent overload or filter
failures, which could contaminate the
clean airside of the unit.
Each unit consists of two inter
locking modules: anintake blowerand
control module, and a filter, and
exhaust module. According to the
manufacturer, the unit is rated at
39.99 percent efficiency.
CSI does not endorse this or any
other brand ofproduct
O
ASBESTITE 2000 (Arpin Products, Oakhurst.NJ)
ASBESTOP BW225 (McGeddy Int., W. Long Branch, NJ)
CABLE COATING 2-B (American Coatings, Chicago)
CAFCO-BOND-SEAL (U.S. Min eral, Stanhope, NJ)
DECADEX FIRECHECK (Pentagon Plastics, W. Palm Bch.)
EX-64-2 (Lehman Bros., Jersey City)
FRC-AES (FRC Composites, Don Mills, Ont.)
OCEAN 666 (Flame-Crete, Ottawa) PRODUCT #HI-662S-583-9 (Haber
sham, Smyrna, GA) SK-13 EMULSION (Nat. Cellulose,
Houston) 32-20 and 32-21 (H.B. Fuller,
Springhouse, PA) Other, newer products which will bind asbestos are being developed continually. This list is certainly not exhaustive.
Removal
Complete removal is, of course, the only way to eliminate the prob lem of asbestos. Asbestos removal
is very labor intensive, and there fore quite expensive: $5 a square foot and up. Two methods are used: wet and dry.
Wet removal is the preferred method, because it usually pro duces far lower fiber counts during removal. The basic' method is simple, if expensive. First, the area is protected with plastic barriers. Then workers spray the asbestos surface with water and a wetting solution. The moistened material is
then carefully brought off the walls or ceilings and put into heavy plas tic bags. These are disposed of at suitable hazardous waste dumping sites.
During removal workers gen erally wear respirators. They are also usually asked to enter the worksite through an airlock, show ering and changing clothing each time they enter or go out. Positive pressure and high efficiency par ticulate air (HEPA) ventilation fil-
THE CO.VSTKUCrriO.V SrECIHKK OC.TOUKK **2 28
CAPCO JEN 0012886
ek
ters are also desirable.
lished companies often find them sients, but also because their lov>
In some instances, as with com* selves bidding against small, inex bid does not allow for close
puter rooms, for'example, wet re- " perienced asbestos" removal firms. supervision.
moval is not possible. At such The situation creates risks for con _ To assist contractors and build
times the asbestos can be removed tractors and building owners who ' ing owners in specifying for safe
dry. but special attention must then sub-contract for removal. Sub-" asbestos removal, the AWQ has de
be paid to respirators and venti standard work frequently results in veloped a set of sample speci
lation equipment- ^ '
higher fiber counts than before re fications which can help guarantee
Methods and technology for as moval; a second removal may be complete and safe removal. The
bestos removal are-being refined required. Further, inexperienced EPA documents cited in the refer
steadily as the demands for the companies may be exposing their ences also include suggestions for
service increase. At this point the workers to greater risks, in part be-. specifying for asbestos re
technology is fairly new, and estab cause`the employees are often tran moval.
o
Asbestos Removal: Practical Hints
Vertecs Corporation of Kirkland, Washington, has never installed asbestos-containing ceilings, but in re cent years they have been getting meny of the Pacific Northwest's contracts for asbestos removal. Dale Shinman of Ver tecs Is the man responsible for these removal jobs. Some of the insights he has gained in three years of removing asbestos might be helpful to others. Shinman and Vertecs make these suggestions:
approach the medical problems de riving from asbestos exposure seriously. Undertake a vigorous employee edu cation plan, and if any employee vio lates the rules--even once--fire him.
use a portable air lock and chang ing unit set up in a trailer. Vertecs' unit has an air lockjoined to a shower which is tied into the removal job.
specs often call for six mil. plastic to enclose the workspace, but Verted: uses two layers of two mil. and four mil. When the job is done the inner layer can be wrapped in the outer.
be careful about rolling scaffolding over the plastic, as it can tear it A sec ond major problem: water damage. "It takes a while to judge bow much water is needed," says Shinman. "But it is always difficult to calculate--and bud get for--the amount of damage you might have."
the tape used to put up plastic can be a problem. "If it sticks well enough to hold the plastic up, it often damages paint," Shinman says. -
don't scrimp on disposable cloth ing or plastic bags for disposal: this is an important part of the project
Vertecs Corporation, which special izes in insulation and acoustical treat ments. is at 12601132nd Ave. NE, Kirk
land. WA 98033. (See References for' further information.)
ForMorelnfeRDetloR
`
Asbestos Information Association 174$ Jefferson Davis Highway Arlington, VA 23202 (703) 070-1150 Films, booklets for employee education
Books on safe handling practices'
Association of the Wall and
Ceilinglndustriss
25 K Street NE
----------------
Washington,DC20002 ........... . ..
.
(202) 763`AWQ
Sample specifications forasbestos removal
Schedule of seminars on removal . %
Re/erences
Asbestos; An In/ormotfon Resource, Richard Levine,MJD,, #N1H 76-1681. Available (ram Public Health Service
Good general discussion *
Asbestos Contorting Materials In School Build Ings: A Guidance Document. EPA-450/2-78-014
(OAQPS No. 1.2-OW). Available torn EPA Background on asbestos and a detailed guide to
treatment or removal, including suggested specification*.
"Health Hazards of Asbestos Exposure.** Pro ceedings o/ the 2CVAcademy/ Sciences, VoJ.330. 1970.
Extensive review of medical literature, tomedis cussion of problems of removal from schools.
Sourcebook on Asbestos DiseoseszAfedfcoLLegoL
end Engineering Aspects. Ccorgf'tcid Barbara Pe
ters, Garland STPM Press. 1980.* r >
Background, legal opinions, review* ofstandards,
suggested substitutes.
r1
The Department of the Nary. Narfi Facilities. Engi neer Command, has a gold# specification. Section 02075, Removal and Disposal o! Asbestos Mate* rials. Ask for document NTCS-02075 (Febmanr 1982).
Th, Cnml Service. Administration apparently b working on a guide specification, "Asbtstos Abatement Procedures.- Section 01S47, by the Public Building Sendee. A proposal teas being cir culated at the time tv* tvect to press.
30 THE CONSTRUCTION SPECIFIER/OCTOBER `82
CAP CO JEN 0012887
Sample Information Guidelines
The following Is an education shatt (Ivan to new and an area to put on and remova disposable
employees and other interested parties by Verlacs clothing...
Corporation of Kirkland, Washington. The com* pany Is a specialty Insulation contractor and much III. CtoAlng end Penonot Proltetian
of Us work is In asbestos control. They have kindly
At no time (s enyone ofiowed to enter a removal
aUowadustoreprifttltAsaguldeformdm. ; . - * or wash down work area until he has completed
indoctrination, and without on approved filtered
Octobers, two air mask and protective ciothiny as described
Altai* State Ferry *TcIcii"Pro/tcf
- *'-** below. All personnel are required to woer tha pro
Jobtfumbtr4273An
vided breathing apparatus, hood, gloves, overalls,
Asbestos /femora/Procedures
and shoe covers while performing removal and
l nmoDvenox
dean up operations. New, dean, disposable cloth ingand mask fitters are provided foreach work day.
Removal ofasbestos containing materia? require* Ifcanoister type with disposable filters areassigned
understanding of the problem and why it Is being* to Individuals, they are responsible for daily wash
dona. MAsbastosts** has been a long recognized, ing and custody. Disposable clothing are to be
pulmonary affliction (lung Impairment) affecting brushed off in the workaree. then removed to the
asbestos manufacturing production workers and to air lock area prior to tearing. Disposable clothing
a lesser extent peoplehandling asbestos containing will be discarded to plastic begs In the air lock at the
products, Uka old fashioned magnesia pipe cover end of each day........
ing. Very fine,small, dry asbestos fibers will float la theelr, as a part of thedust created by tha operation.
IV. Remove/ e/Asbestos Confo/n/ng Materials
These minute fibers, less than 0.0002 Incites long,
Spray all materials with amended water (con*
generally Invisible, breathed Into the lungs over a taining watting agent at one ounce per five galtons
period of many years build up In the lungs, causing weter} tosufficiently saturate it. to keep fibers from
the restricted breathing or "asbestosls".
becoming dry and airborne during removal. Repeat
In the early 194D*s, cancer of the lungs was also spraying as needed to maintain the saturated condi
attributed to asbestos fiber inhalation, with tion's* a fine mistto reduce the chance of blowing
smokers being more susceptible by a factorup to 00. fibers loose during wetting, and reduce the volume
Asbestos fibers may also cause mesotheUomla, a of water to clean-up.
rare tumorof the membrane lining of the chest and
Remove tba material in smali sections; placing It,
abdomen. As a result of the above physical prob* while still wet, into sealable plastic bap (double
lems, strict Federal and State standards have been fourmil plastie bags). Seal the begs when full either
enacted forhandlingasbestos containing materials. by tying a knot or using wire tics. The doubte four
Keep In mind that the above problems happened to mil bag must be marked with O.S.ILA. approved
people working with the material without dust* caution labels. All PET. tape, cleaning materials,
preventing or removal equipment, respirator pro* disposable clothing, etc. shall be disposed of siret*
tection, or disposablegarments, over many years.
lariy. Bap shall be damp cloth iviped off and re
Handling asbestos containing materials fol moved through the airlock for transfer. The seated
lowing this guide and tha extremely short time of bap shall be hauled and dumped at the disposal
relative exposure will make this fob no more haz site (Cedar Hills in Maple Vstley Ares) for burls) by
ardous than any other.
others. Notify Disposal Company 24 hours before
By law. Individuals Involved with the removal, waste pick up is required.
wash down, and air samplingoperations must have
All scaffolding, hand tools, etc. must be wet
a physical examination, chest X-Ray. and pul cleaned prior to removal from work area.
monary capacity test. Arrangements have been
Clean all surfaces in the work area with water
made and those Vertecs Employees involved will and/or filtered vacuum. Perform a complete visual
be notified. Personnel not employed by Vertccs -inspection to ensure that the area is dust free. Tuko
Corporation must have prior approval of Vertccs an air sample within 48 hours after completion of
fob Foreman prior to entering work amts. They arc cleaning work to ensure compliance, i.e.'asbestos
required to be properly protected and product fiber count less than two per cc on an eight hour
physical examination records (at their experts*},for time weighted basis, (see paragraph on Air
storage in Vertecs Corporation flies.
Monitoring.)
tL Masking At Work Arams
*-
Isolate all work areas by sealingatl openings and fixtures including heating, ventilation ducts, doorways, corridors, windows,skylights, with four
mil Polyethylene Film (PET) and Tape. Cover atl non-removable Items and equipment carefully. Keep dust catching surfaces to a minimum.
Remove detachable electrical, heating, venti lating equipment and other items located over the asbestos containing material. If not removed, clean
them prior lo covering with PET. The purpose of the masking Is to provide a vir
tually airtight liner In each space and prevent any dust created during removal from settling on or In permanent surfaces, walls, lockers, etc.
Install a double PET barrier to providcan air lock
V. Air Monitoring
Hi* following air monitoring shall be conducted as rtqulrcd throughout the removal and clean up operations.
Areas to be Sompled
Sample Minimum Volume--litre
Work Atm
120L(1 hourrun)
Outside Work Area 120 L
Outside Ship
240 L (2 hour run)
Samples are to be taken by properly qualified Ver
tecs personnel.
*
VL CentralIfooseitcping and Guidelines Signs shall be posted outside all access doors--
r
HIE CONSTRUCTION' SEECIFIER/OCTODER 'el 31
CAPCO JEN 0012888
/
"SCALED--DO NOTOPEN** Caution ilgns shall ba' . 8. Attar work area Isolation, the Contractorshall
pentad outslda aaeh *lr lock (2<TX14* vortical]
taka out all detachable electrical, heating, vtotl-
ASBESTOS DUST HAZARD ate. ' * ` lation equipment, and other items located on the
. Stain] bap containing wat materials mutt ba ta-- asbestos malaria], dean them before covering with
' moved from ship through air lock, and placad la
plastic sheeting taped securely in place, end return
dumpstsr Iramadiataly.
them to their proper place after the Job Eaa been
~Witn Going Outside During Working Hours--
. completed and tha work areas have been da-'*1 contaminated.
lunch break, ate. . . .
10. The Contractor ahall remove all heating.
Personnel working In aaatad anas must removal vacillation and air conditioning system filters In
protactlva clothing In tha air lock, Immadlatety-' " tha work arses, pack them In sealable plastic bags
procaad to Vertecs tralltr, ahowar, change to street - (6-MH minimum] for burial in the approved watte
clothes. Bt cartaln opposite door of air lock la al*
disposal site and replace them with new Alters
ways clorad whao utarlng or Isaving. Whan if* . supplied by tha Owner.. .
fuming to work, disrobe at outsr and of air lock,
1L The asbestos material shstl bt sprayed with
put on your own hung op disposable garaants at '' ,. water containing a watting agent to enhance pao-
work-end of air lock and reenterworkaria.
atnllon. The watting agent shall be 50% poly.
Bt praparsd for W1SHA Inforcamant Officer to*--' " oxyathylana aster and 50% polyoxyethylene ether
apactlon at all time*. Keep floors and scaffold' (Aque-Cro), ortha equivalent. In a concentration of
planks clean.
one (1J ounce in five (5) gallons of water. A Ana
Smoking is forbidden In sealed antes during Re-- '' spray of the amended water ahall be applied to
movsl. Wash Down, and AlrTasL
' reduce fiber release preceding the removal of tha
No Exception*--No matchat or lighters allowed ' . asbestos miterisk Tnk material shall ba sufficien
inside work areas.
tly saturated to prevent amission of alrbomt fibers
Personal valuables should be locked In vehicles
In excess of the exposure limits prescribed In Lha
and not left In airlock or trailer. Company assumes
OSHA regulations referenced in these speci
no responsibility for loss or theft of persona! gear
fications. -
]eftlnairlock.ertratler.
O 12. Tha asbestos materia] shall be removed In
small sections. Before btelnnlna the next section,
the material shaliixfi pacxbd.whila still wet into
Further References
aeelibte plastic lags (6-Mil minimum) end pieced into fiber or metal drums or skips for transport.
The following Is a list of soma of tha specifications that the Edmonds School District (Edmonds," Washington] uses in handling asbestos. It is re printed here with their permission:
Bags, drums and skips ahall be marked with tha OSHA label prescribed by OSHA regulations. Tha outside of all containers shall be clean before leavfng tha work area.
13. Ail plastic sheeting, tape, cleaning material,
Scope ofWork--Demolition
clothing and all other disposable material or Items " used In the work areas shall ba pocked Into seal-
1. Contractor shall have visited all the sites and ablt plastic bap (6-MU minimum) and placed Into
become familiar with all existing conditions affect metal or fiber dnims or skips for transport. Tha
ingthe work.
drums and skips shall be marked with OSHA
2. Contractor shall, comply with the re labels prescribed by the OSHA regulations.
quirement of EPA regulations. National Emissions_
14. Tha Contractor shall transport tha sealed
Standards for Asbestos, and the OSHA regulations drums or skips to tha approved waste disposal site.
on asbestos. Section 1910.1001 as well as appli Tha staled plastic bap may be dumped from the
cable Washington State laws and City codes and drums Into tha burial site unless the bap hava
ordinances.
- - been broken or damaged. Tha damaged bap shall
3. The Contractor shall be responsible for ob bt left In the drum and the entire contaminated
taining approval {or a waste disposal site In com drum shall be buried.
pliance with Section 61.25 of tha EPA regulations.
15. The Contractor shall clean all aurftces In the
4. The Contractor shall post the EPA and OSHA work areas with water andior with a-High Ef
regulations as wall as applicable Washington State ficiency Particulate Absolute (HEPA) Altered vac
laws and City codesand ordinances at the Joe sites. uum. After cleaning the work areas, tha Contractor
5. The Contractor shall isolate the work area (Or shall wait 24 hours to allow for settlement of dust,
the duration of the work by completely seating off end then wet-cUan ell surfaces In the work areas
all openings and fixtures In the work area in spin. After completion of the second cleaning op
cluding. but not limited to. heating and ventilation eration. tha Contractor shall perform a complete
ducts, doorways, corridors, windows, skylights visual Inspection of tha work areas to ensure that
and lighting fixtures with plastic sheeting taped tha work areas era dust free. The Contractor shall
securely in place.
' taka two (2) air samples within 45 hours altar
6. The Contractor shall build double barriers of completion of all cleaning work. (Minimum vol
plastic sheeting at all entrances and exits to the ume of air sample Is 240 L).
work areas to create an air lock entrancc'exit so
16. Throughout the entire removal and cleaning
that the work areas are always closed off by one operation, air monitoring shall ba conducted by
barrier when persons enter or exit.
the Contractor to ensure thnt OSHA regulations
7. All floor and wall surfaces In the work areas and State laws and City codes and ordinances art
shall be covered with plastic sheeting taped se beng met. Air monitoring shall be conduAed ac
curely in place to protect from water damage.
cording to tha method prescribed by Section
S. The Contractor shall cover all non-rumovabte
1910.1001 (f) oi lha OSHA regulations. Air moni
items and equipment in the work areas with plas toring shall be performed to provide the following
tic sheeting taped securely in place.
samples during the period of asbcslos removal:
m
32 THE CONSTRUCTION SI'ECJtTEK.'OCTOUER '62
CAP CO JEN 0012889
Minimum avatar Cuchmmple ' (2222 FK) as supplied bylhermi-Coustfci Manu
Aassalatv.
<*oai|*.A ; minimum
facturing Inc. The adhesive shelf have a solids
V Xmmplmd
, sock arwt limy rates* Ubr
content of not less than 55 percent and a pb of >21
jWarlAw*
( Oswida Work Ars
OatsklrgalUlag
*
.. I .
*
MOL
UCC
to 93 at 25 degrees C. Tha liquid adhesive shall be an internally plasticised emulsion with no offana*
Ive odors. Urn mix shall consist of not pert adbestvs to five pasts of waist.
4. Use only clean watsr. (res of foreignmattir.
8, Mix soundproofing ingredients as tecemSamples are to b Ultra only altar actual removal mendsd by manufacturer.
work has proeradad.
7 8. When cured, the insulation materials shall,
17. After the track areas bar* bran fnuml to be test out to thafollowing
in compliance, all entnneae and exit* are to ba
' a. When tasted In accordance with A5TM C
unsealed and the plastic sheeting, tape end any . 277 at 88 degrees F. mean temperature, the MK"
other trash and debris are to be disposed of In y ' factor shall be 189. salable plastic bap (S-Mil minimum) and buried if-- . h. When tested In accordance with ASTM C
In tha approved waste disposal site.
* 423, the nolsa reduction coefficient shall be .73.
V Frequency (Hertz): 123 230 500
* 2D00 22300 42)00
Scope oTWork--Sprayvd-on Insulation, Caoenl
Absorption Coefficients: .36 28 JO
M 31 36 q. When tested In accordance with ASTM D
1. Acoustical Insulation Is to be applied to all areas wham existing material has been removed.'
2. Application is not to proceed unless sub strates are prepared as per manufacturer's recom mendations.
3. Do not apply sprayed Insulation material when temperatures or substrate materials are beiowiO degrees F.
4. Assure ventilitlon in areas to receive sprayed
insulation continuously during and after appli cation to accelerate drying.
5. Protect tvith plastic film adfacent surfaces, floors and equipment from damage by ovetspray during the application process.
6. Submit two (2) copies of manufacturer's
2642 per U.B.C. Standard 62.2 paragraph 52203. smoke densityshall not exceed 23 percent
d. When tested In accordance with ASTM C 84. maximum (lame spread shall not exceed 8.smoke density 0. fuel conlributivs 0.
e. When tested in accordance with Federal Specifications SS-S-lll. maximum dusting shall be .01702 grams par square foot.
L Whan tested with a Photovolt Photoelectric Reflection Meter, the luminous apparent re flectance shall sol ha leu than 70 percent. 7. Equipment for airless spray application of the soundproofing material rhall be as recommended by tha manufacturer.
specifications and installation instructions for the
type of insulation to be installed. Include date sub stantiating that the materials comply with speci fied requirements. Indicate by copy of transmittal
Scope of Work--Sprayed-on Insulation, Execution
form that installer has received a copy of manu facturer's instructions.
7. Materials shall be delivered in original, un opened packages bearing the name of manu facturer. product identification and reference to U.L. testing. Damaged packages found uusuitsbl* for use will be rejected and shall be removed from the job sites. Store materials off ground, under cover and away from .damp surfaces. Keep mate rials dry at all times. Protect liquid adhesive from
1. Comply with manufactures** instructions (or
the particular conditions of installation in each case. If printed instructions arc not available ordo
nrit apply lo tho project conditions; consul! manu facturer's technical representative for specific rec ommendations before proceeding with the work.
2. Apply insulation full thickness over entire substrate. Exercise cere to spray matetlal complclbly into inverted corners and to build up work to full thickness at projecting corners. Cover sub
extreme temperatures, do not freexe. 8. Contractor shall apply a sample of the in
sulation material, approximately 32 square feet-en representative substrata for Owner's approval. 11110 sample shall show approximate finish tex ture.
. Applicator shall be licensed by manufacturer of acoustic Insulation materials and shall have ap plied aranslical materials on two (2) or more pro
strate in a monolithic blankel of unifocm density and texture.
3. Apply over substrate, building up to one (1*) Inch nominal thickness with as many passes or stages, necessary to cover substrate with e mono lithic blanket of unilorm texture.
4. Verify that thr applied average thicknesses meet specification* and that the completed in stallation conforms to the approved job mock-up
jects which have been completed for not less than sample. Inspect as sample areas a maximum of six
two (2) years.
(6) location* one (11 inch by three (3'| feet for
Scope ofWork--Sprayed*cn Insulation,
10.000 square feet of installed soundproofing. A . yardstick with three 131 spiles protruding through
Materials
it--equidistant to each othrr shutl be used as a
1. Materials to be cellular fiber type, TCl-75 checking toot* Rejvv ted wurk shall ta* cotnifni to
(Architectural White) rated Class 1. noncombustibte by Underwriters Laboratories.Inc.
2. Materials manufactured by Therma-Coustics Manufacturing. Ine^ P.O. Box 190. Colton. Cal
ifornia 92324. Phone (714) 783-0462.
the satisfaction of the Owner. 5. Upon completion of application, remote
from floors, carirts ami adiaiamt areas not to be sprayed, any ovrr-sprav and all debris and waste, and iruvr the work areas in a hruom-cteuu trmtli-
3. Liquid adhesive shall be TCl*75 Cellubond lino.
--
TlIE CXfXSTKt'CntJJC Si'H3FIER (X.TtlBF.K *82 33
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