Document yMgdnm7m8aKyMqGjyaX9By7E

ADDENDUM TO REPORT DATED NOVEMBER 18 1926 STUDIES ON THE ABSORPTION OF LEAD FROM ETHYL GASOLINE by Robt. A. Kehoe, M. D., Frederick Thgonann and Lester Sanders Dated, March 7, 1928. Printed in U.S.A. ADDENDUM TO REPORT DATED NOVEMBER 18, 1926, STUDIES ON THE ABSORPTION OF LEAD FROM ETHYL GASOLINE ` by Robt. A Kehoe, M. D., Frederick Thamann and Lester Sanders Dated, March 7, 1928. In November of 1926 report was made on animal experimentation with reference to the possible accumulation of lead as a result of various types of exposure to Ethyl Gasoline. At that time all of the Guinea Pigs and Rabbits which had been under observation had been destroyed and analyzed in order to determine their lead content. It appeared wise to continue the ex posure of certain animals to the experimental conditions over very much longer periods of time. The monkeys were selected for the purpose for several rea sons. They are likely to live longer than rabbits or guinea pigs, aid further more their physiological similarity to man makes them the most desirable of all experimental animals for the purpose. The treatment of the monkeys has continued in exactly the manner de scribed in the previous report. Observations on temperature, weight, red blood corpuscles, leucocytes, haemoglobin, and microscopic blood changes were continued as before. The results of these observations are tabulated below. Monkey No, 1, male Rhesus, was treated daily, (except Sundays and holidays) with 2 cc. of gasoline containing 0.4 cc. tetraethyl.lead to 500 cc. gasoline, the hair on his back being kept closely clipped. From time to time this animal m s observed to behave peculiarly. .. Occasionally he cried out as though frightened or in pain, held his hand to his head frequently and often bit and pulled at his chain. In March, 1927, his skin was in bad condition and treatments were discontinued for a time. -2- At this time he was given a careful bathing, and the skin and hair were brushed thoroughly. Two weeks later the bath was repeated. Then the animal was put in a specially constructed cage and his faeces and urine were col lected for analysis. On two successive periods of four full days each the ex creta were saved. Analysis showed an average daily total lead excretion (urine and faeces) of 0.37 mgs. Treatments were resumed April 28, 1927. In May, 1927, some trouble developed in the hind legs, and after some weeks the animal refused to walk on his hind legs but swung along almost entirely on his fore legs. Or, if he tried to walk on his hind legs, he soon collapsed. The condition was not a paralysis, as all the reflexes were active. Some shortness of breath was apparent, and an enxious facial expression vas pro nounced. From June 1 to June 24 treatments were discontinued because of skin irritation. No treatment m s carried out from August 6 to August 22 for the same reason. Likewise it was necessary to stop treatment from November 10 to December 27. Otherwise the treatments continued regularly until January 10, 1928, the animal having received 720 treatments, all together over a period of almost exactly three years. The condition of the animal varied somewhat from time to time, but became progressively worse. It finally became apparent that something was r wrong in the hip joints. This added to the apparent shortness of breath led to a fear that he might have tuberculosis, though there were no certain signs in the chest. Not wishing to allow contamination of the other monkeys,, and feeling that it was only humane to terminate the apparent suffering of the animal, we administered an anaesthetic and extracted blood (for analysis) from the heart, by means of a syringe, until respiration ceased. Necropsy showed almost entirely normal tissues with the single ex ception of the skeleton. Here the heads of all the long bones were involved -3- to a greater or lesser extent (especially the heads of the femur) with a new growth, almost exclusively of cartilage. Sections showed it to be chondroma, thus the process was an exact duplicate of the multiple chondromatosis seen at times in the human subject. The peculiar behavior of the animal was undoubtedly due to the pain and intox ication associated \vith the growth of these tumors. The tissues were carefully preserved (with the exception of small bits for microscopic study) for analysis. Because of a large volume of work being carried out on other materials, the analytical results on these tissues are not available now. Monkey No. 2, Rhesus female, has been treated daily (except Sundays and holidays) in exactly the same manner as Monkey No. 1, and is being so treat ed at the present time. During the period of suckling of her first young one (now Monkey No. 6) from May 20, 1926 to December 14, 1926, no treatment was carried out. After that time, daily treatments were resumed, and continued uninterruptedly until July 19, 1927, when her second young one (now Monkey No. 10) was born. This youngster was strong and healthy, the largest to be born in the laboratory, and the mother continued in good condition. Treatment was immediately discontinued on the birth of the young one,, to be resumed in February, 1928, when the suckling period was discontinued. (A reason for not attempting treatments of any kind, in addition to the possibility of ingestion of lead on the part of a suckling young one, is that the animals are difficult to handle when they are caring for their young.) It is plain that this animal has not been injured in any way, by her treatment, although up to the present she has received 561 treatments over a period of three years. During this time she has not only appeared to be healthy -4- but has given birth to and suckled two strong healthy young. Monkey No. 3. Common Macacus female, used as a control, was kept under observation. On April 5, 1927 she was washed and brushed as in the case of Monkey No. 1. This was repeated April 19, after which she too was put in a metabolism cage and her excreta were studied on two successive periods of four days each. Her average daily excretion of lead was found to be 2,07 mgs. There is some question about this result, but there has not been an opportun ity to continue the study, because of other pressing work. It is of some im portance, however, that this animal was the worst offender in the matter of breaking plaster from the wall of the room in which she was housed. (See pre vious report). This animal, together with two young monkeys, which have never been treated in any way, is being kept in a room completely separate from the monkeys under treatment, nor are there any other lead treated animals in this room. From time to time, however, Monkey No. 5, a common Macacus male, is admitted to her cage for a short time. She was thought to be sterile, but in April, 1927, she gave evidence of being pregnant. On June 26 a healthy young male was born, (our Monkey No. 9), The suckling period was uneventful, and the young one grew normally. At present, March 6, this animal is seen to be pregnant again. Monkey No. 4. Common Macacus Female, was treated daily -with 4 cc. Ethyl Gasoline in the same manner as No. 1 and No. 2, except for a period from February 13, 1926 to December 14, 1926, during which time she was pregnant, gave birth to a normal healthy male young one, and suckled him till he was capable of caring for himself. During this time, as in the case of other animals, no treatment was carriedout. She had been treated 75 times prior to 5- her pregnancy. On December 14, 1926 treatments began again, and continued regularly until May 12, at which time they were discontinued because of the birth of her second offspring, a healthy female. Both of these young monkeys have grown and thrived. The second is now Monkey No. 8. On January 12, 1928 treatments were resumed, the young one now having been isolated fromhis mother* They have continued uninterruptedly since, a total of 226 treatments, since November 1925. The animal is apparently healthy in every way. Monkey No. 5. A Common Macacus Male, has been treated daily with 4 cc. of Ethyl Gasoline (0.4 cc. PbiEt)^ to 500 cc. ga.soline) since February 25, 1926, with the exception of short periods during which his skin was' in bad condition. These periods were, from March 3, to April 18, 1926, aid from June 1 to June 24, 1926. Such treatment is being continued at present. To date, March 6th, 1928, he has received 526 such applications of Ethyl Gasoline to his skin. At no time has he been ill in any way. He is the sire of all the baby monkeys born in the laboratory (five in all). Monkey No. 6. Young male, born May 20, 1926, offspring of test Monkey No. 1, sired by Monkey No. 5. This animal vas taken from his mother November 18, 1926, and observed until December 28, in order to make sure that he could get along alone. At this time, at the age of seven months, treat ments were begun with 2 cc. of Ethyl Gasoline daily (0.4 cc. Pb(Et)^ to 500 cc. gasoline.) On March 3, 1927 his skin was irritated and treatments were discontinued until April 1, to allow healing to occur. Treatments were then resumed, and again discontinued for the same reason from May 16 to June 8. Similarly from June 25 to July 15, and from February 7, 1928 to February 14, 1928, no treatments were given. With the above exceptions regular daily ap- KE 0 0 1 8 0 7 9 -6 plications have been made over a period of fourteen months, 278 treatments in all. Notwithstanding these treatments, the young monkey has continued to gain weight, and to develop normally. He has not been ill at any time, ex cept when a few days ago, he aspirated a little cod liver oil into his lung. As compared with Monkey No. 7, born at nearly the same time, but cared for without any treatment with Ethyl Gasoline, his growth and development have been quite normal in every respect. Monkey No. 7. Young male, born April 3, 1926 from Monkey No. 4, sired by Monkey No. 5. Kept for observation without treatment of any kind, for comparison with Monkey No. 6. Monkey No. 8. Young female, born May 12, 1927, from Monkey No. 4, sired by Monkey No. 5. Kept for observation without treatment. .Ill on Feb ruary 8, 9 and 10, after being given cod liver oil. Aspirated into lungs. Recovered and is now perfectly well. Monkey No. 9. Young male, born June 26, 1927, from Monkey No. 3, sired by Monkey No, 5. Kept for observation without treatment. "Mas being given cod liver oil, in 1 cc. doses, beginning January 28, as were the other baby monkeys. The monkeys dislike cod liver oil very much, and resist takir. it. Early in February this animal became ill apparently with respiratory di tress, from which he died February 7. At the same time two other baby r.cr.keys were somewhat ill with the same symptoms. Necropsy showed large areas of aspirated cod liver oil in both lungs, without obvious evidence of exuda tive activity. Bits were saved for section and microscopic study, but have not been examined as yet. There was no other evidence of pathological chang -7 in the animal's tissues. Since there was no evidence of rickets, it was thought advisable to make no further attempt to feed cod liver oil to the young monkeys. The entire animal (except for small pieces for microscopic study) was saved for analysis of his tissues. This has not been done as yet. Monkey No. 10. Young female, born July 19, 1926, the second young one from Monkey No. 3, sired by Monkey No. 5. Strong, healthy, growing rapid ly. Kept for observation without treatment. Now separated from mother (Feb. 20) and kept in room with Monkey No. 3 and Monkey No. 7. K 0018081 -a TABLE VI (Continued) Chart of Experimental Observations MONKEY NO. 1 Dai;e Thou sand Reading Stippling Yieight Lbs. Temp.F. Erythrocytes Leucocytes Hb. per 50 (Dare) fields Nov. 19, 1926 6-3/4 Dec. 3 . 6-1/2 16 6-I/2 31 6-l/2 Jan. 31, 1927 6-7/l 6 Feb. 11 6-IO/I6 28 6-9/l6 Mar. ll)Not being 6-13/16 25)treated at 7 Apr. 8)this time. 7-l/4 May 6 7-1/8 19 6-13/16 )Not June 8)being 7-7/l 6 )treated 24 7-6/l6 July 9 7-l/2 22 7-6/16 Aug. 5 7-7/16 Not being treated Aug. 22 7-1 l/l 6 Sept., 6 7-14/16 20 8-l/l6 Oct. 4 8 18 8-6/l 6 Nov. 1 8-IO/I6 15 8-14/l 6 )Not 27)being 9 )treated Dec. 13 9-1/4 27 9-9/16 Jan. 10, 1928 9-1/4 102.1 102.2 102.4 102.4 102.0 102.1 102.2 101.3 101.4 105.0 101.0 102.4 101.7 100.8 100.8 102.2 102.8 102.1 102.1 101.6 102.0 101.7 102.1 101.6 101.3 101.6 102.3 101.7 6,590 5,760 5,270 4,790 4,670 5,480 5,430 5,300 5,500 5,680 4,480 5,780 5,270 4,970 4,900 6,180 6.070 5,820 -4,840 5,240 5,500 4, 840 4,480 3,960 5,300 4,310 3,590 4,250 9,350 16,150 9,200 6,100 9,350 8,350 9,150 11,850 5,000 9,500 10,100 8,450 9,400 8,950 9,600 13,550 12,250 14,550 13,050 14,850 11,250 10,700 10,400 11,150 13,800 17,900 15,750 9,750 57 50 50 50 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 60 55 58 55 55 - 60 - 58 55 - 58 57 55 55 - 0 2 0 14 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jan. 10, 1928 - Animal killed. K " 0018082 TABLE VII Chart of Experimental Observations MONKEY NO. 2 DATE Reading Stippling Weight Lbs. Temp.F . Thousand Leucocytes Hb. per 50 Erythrocytes (Dare) fields May 20, 1926 to Dec. 14, 1926 N o Tr eatm en t Dec. 14, 1926 10-5/l6 102 6,540 18,500 85 0 31 10-1/2 102 5,480 13,650 85 0 <Jan 31 f 1927 10-9/l 6 101.1 5,520 10,900 85 0 Feb. 11 10-1/2 101.4 5,550 12,100 75 0 28 10-3/l 6 100.8 5,180 17,450 65 0 Mar. 11 10-3/l 6 100.8 5,400 12,150 70 0 25 10-11/16 101,0 5,870 20,450 75 0 Apr. 8 10-3/4 101 5,710 19,200 70 0 22 II-II/I6 100.6 6,190 16,050 70 0 May 6 12-1/4 101.0 5,060 15,500 65 0 19 12-10/l 6 101.0 5/760 11,650 75 0 19 Animal seen to be pregnant June 8 13-lO/l6 100.7 - 5,470 10,150 70 1 24 14-ll/l 6 100.4 4,860 15,050 60 2 Blood counts and all other handling discontinued except that treatments were: continued up to July 19, 1927. July 19 Young one born - not weighed because of mother s excitability, Strong young Female, larger than any previous young at birth. Uneventful period of1 suckling. Feb. 21 H - 3/4 102.8 5,450 12,iOO 60 0 Mar. 6 11 102.0 5,160 11,150 70 0 Experiment being continued. KE 0 0 1 8 0 8 3 -10- TABLE VIII (Continued) Chart of Experimental Observations _____ MONKEY NO. 5 (Control)______ DATE Thousand Reading Stippling Weight Lbs . Temp.F. Erythrocytes Leucocytes Hb. 'per 50 (Dare) fields Dec. 1, 1926 7-1/8 101.0 7,250 18,800 65 0 16 7-1/4 100.2 6,060 16,050 75 0 31 7-6/l 6 101.4 5,390 15,500 75 15 Jan. 31, 1927 7-Jl/l6 101.0 5,500 18,400 75 0 Feb. 11 8-2/16 101.4 5,610 17,950 80 8 28 8-5/l 6 101.1 5,450 17,500 75 1 Mar. 11 8-5/l 6 100.9 6,660 17,800 80 2 25 8-1/2 98.0 5,930 16,500 65 0 Apr. 8 8-15/l 6 101.0 6,080 13,500 70 1 May 6 8-10/16 99.6 5,010 7,550 70 13 19 9-5/l 6 100.1 5,580 14,350 70 1 June 8 9-3/4 100.5 6,760 15,550 65 2 26 Young one born. Suckling period. Jan. 24, 9-1/2 101.0 4,780 17,550 75 0 Feb. 8 9-5/l 6 101.5 5,810 22,600 75 0 21 9-3/4 101.6 5,680 17,550 78 0 Mar. 6 Animal now pregnant 6 9-lO/l6 102.8 6,040 20,700 70 0 Kr 0018084 -11- TABLE DI (Continued) Chart of Experimental Observations MONKEY NO. 4 (4 cc.Ethyl Gasoline Daily) DATE Thousand Reading Stippling Weight Lbs . Temp.F . Erythrocytes Leucocytes Bb per 50 (Dare) fields Dec. 14, 1926 8-1/6 101.0 6,120 23,100 80 31 8-l/lB 101.4 4,780 15,300 75 Jsin 31 j 1927 8-1/2 101.0 5,070 10,300 75 Feb. 11 8-3/4 101 6,060 13,600 . 75 Blood counts and handling discontinued. Animal Pregnant. Treatments continued. May 12 Young one born. Treatments discontinued. Jan. 12, 1928 Treatment resumed. 12 9-1/8 101.5 5, 620 23,300 - 24 8-7/8 100,2 6,010 18,300 78 Feb. 8 8-3/4 100.6 5,680 14,050 75 21 9 101.5 5,800 17,150 75 Mar. 6 9 101.0 6,400 16,400 75 Treatments being continued* 1 15 3 1 0 0 > 0 1 0 X e 0018085 12 TABLE X (Continued.) Chart of Experimental Observations MONKEY NO. 5 (4 cc. Ethyl Gasoline Daily) Thousand Reading Stippling DATE Weight Lbs. Temp.F. Erythrocytes Leucocytes Hb per 50 _______________ __________ ___ (Dare) fields Dec. 4, 1926 16 31 Feb. 1 , 1927 12 28 Mar. 11 8-15/16 8-ll/l 6 8-7/l 6 8-13/16 8-3/4 9-1/4 9-1/4 )treatm't 9-l/l6 Apr. 8 8-15/16 22 9-l/2 May 6 9-1/8 May 19 10-7/l 6 June 8)No trtmt 10-9/l 6 24 II-I/2 July 8 H - 1/2 22 II-3/I6 Aug. 5 II-5/I6 22 11-14/16 Sept.. 6 II-I3/ I 6 20 II-II/I6 Oct. 4 12 18 12- 2/ l 6 Nov. 1 II-5/I6 15 II-I3/16 29 H - 1/2 Dec. 13 II-IO/I6 27 II-II/I6 Jan. 10, 1928 II-II/I6 24 H - 3/4 Feb. 8 11-7/l6 22 11-14/16 Mar. 6 11- lo / l 6 102 101.8 102.4 101.0 102.2 101,8 100.3 101.2 99.0 101.4 101.6 101.3 101.0 100.6 101.2 101^0 102.4 102.2 101.8 102.3 101.6 102.4 102.1 100.3 101.2 101 102.1 102.0 101.2 101,2 103 101.6 6,460 6,130 5,150 5,690 5,520 5,110 5,840 5,490 5,470 6,410 5y330 5,480 5,860 5,000 5,760 6,310 6,150 5,510 5,460 5,800 ' 6,000 5,650 5,770 5,070 4,310 6,380 5,120 5,320 6,770 5,980 6,080 6,020 22,450 14,600 19,850 18,550 15,800 16,350 25,500 23,500 18,000 21,600 14,250 16,850 19,300 17,500 18,550 19,900 17,400 19,750 19,250 27,900 32,050 23,950 26,600 17,500 30,600 20,900 18,450 13,450 22,300 22,500 22,400 23,750 80 80 80 75 75 75 80 70 70 75 80 70 80 75 80 75 90 80 80 80 75 78 78 85 65 85 80 80 80 0 0 6 1 5 8 6 4 10 2 0 2 2 26 0 0 2 2 0 8 16 0 2 1 6 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 Treatments being continued. 0018086 13- TABLE XI Chart of Experimental Observations MONKEY NO. 6 DATE Thou sand Reading Stippling Weight Lbs . Tomp.F. Erythrocytes Leucocytes Hb per 50 (Dare) Fields Nov. 24, 1926 Dec. 1 9 16 28 31 Jan. 7 , 1927 29 Feb. 5 12 18 28 Mar. 3 7 11 18 25 Apr. 1 "1 8 16 22 30 May 6 14 May 16 20 June 8 8 17 24 25 July 1 8 15 15 22 30 Aug. 5 12 2-1/2 2-9/16 99.6 7,860 17,450 2-3/4 101.1 6,280 18,700 2-I3/ 16 102.0 6,240 20,550 Treatment with 2 cc. Ethyl Gasoline daily begun 3 102,0 6,550* 14,950 2-I3/ I 6 102.0 7,150* 20,500 2-3/4 101.0 5,780* 15,600 2-7/8 101.8 5,870 14,150 2-7/8 101.2 6,550 14,250 3 101.0 5,910 13,150 2-14/16 102.0 6,110 16,350 Treatment discontinued - Irritated skin. 2-15/l 6 101.8 5,990 16,250 2-13/16 101.6 6,440 11,550 2-14/l 6 101,8 6,120- 14,800 2-14/l 6 101.8 6,320 14,050 Treatment resumed 2-15/16 101.0 6,340 18,050 2-15/l 6 101.0 5,800 17,100 3 101.6 5,720 17,600 3 101.7 5,800 14,650 3 101.6 ' 5,790 19,150 3 101.7 5,710 15,150 0 102.4 6,180 17,900 Treatment discontinued - Sore skin 3-3/16 101.0 5,700 19,200 Treatment resumed 3-6/16 101,3 6,250 19,300 3-7/ 16 101 .'6 5,940 17,900 3-5/l6 101.3 ` 6,530 22,350 Treatment discontinued - Sore skin 3-3/16 101.8 6,120 14,500 3-1/2 101.2 6,020 14,150 Treatment resumed 3-9/l 6 102.0 5, 640* 16,450 3-7/l 6 100.8 6,160 16,350 3 -I/ 4 102.4 5,370 19,500 3-1/4 101.8 5,580 20,200 3- H / I 6 101.6 5,670 17,000 75 80 70 70 80 75 75 75 75 75 75 80 70 68 75 70 78 70 70 70 70 75 70 70 70 75 70 80 75 75 - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 4 3 2 0 1 * Changed counting pipettes. H i 0018087 -14- MONKEY NO. 6 (Cont'd) Date Weight Lbs. Temp.F . Erythrocytes Leucocytes Hb.(Dare) Stippling Aug. 22, 1927 Sept. 6 14 20 27 Oct. 5 11 18 25 Nov. 1 8 15 23 29 Dec. 7 13 20 27 Jan. 3, 1928 10 17 24 31 Feb. 8 14 21 Mar. 1 6 3-14/16 3-1/2 3-7/l 6 3-7/l 6 3-1/2 3-1/2 3-II/I6 3-9/l6 3-3/4 3-3/16 3-1/2 3-9/l 6 3-6/16 3-9/l 6 3-9/l 6 3-I/2 3-10/16 3-7/l 6 3-I/2 3-I/2 3-1/2 3-9/l 6 3-7/16 3-3/4 3-1/2 3-6/16 3-1/2 3-7/16 102.2 102.0 101.0 101.0 101.0 101.4 101.4 101,6 102.0 101.9 101.8 101.6 101.6 101.2 102.0 101.6 102.5 101.5 102.6 101.8 101.5 102.0 102.4 101.8 102.1 102.5 102 102.0 5,010 5,460 5,930 6,490 6,090 5,580 5,470 5,780 5,810 5,020 5,000 5,440 5,620 4,500 5,430 5,070 4,310 5,500 5,460 5,370 6,180 5,940 5,040 5,980 5,290 5,790 5,670 6,480 17,550 14,200 15,100 16,500 18,600 12,000 16,550 19,150 19,700 10,150 20,950 17,650 17,250 18,550 13,440 12,400 15,000 13,500 17,650 15,850 17,300 15,150 16,150 21,550 21,750 21,900 21,050 18,300 . 90 65 75 75 70 65 70 70 75 70 78 78 82 70 75 65 75 - 70 78 80 68 75 78 67 78 0 0 0 2 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0. Experiment being continued. tfE- 0018088 15' TABLE XII Chart of Experimental Observations MONKEY NO. 7 (Control) NO TREATMENT DATE Nov. 24, 1926 Dec. 1 9 16 31 Jan. 8, 1927 29 Feb. 5 12 18 28 Mar. 7 11 18 25 Apr. 1 8 16 22 30 May 6 14 21 June 8 17 24 July 1 8 15 22 29 Aug. 5 ' 12 22 Sept. 6 13 20 27 Oct. 4 11 18 Stippling . Thousand per 50 Weight Lbs. Temp.F . Erythrocytes Leucocytes Eb Dare fields 2-3/16 2-5/16 2- 1/2 2-1/2 2-1/2 2-9/16 2-1/2 2-1/2 2-1 l/l 6 2-II/I6 2-11/16 2-3/4 2-13/l 6 2-13/16 2-3/4 2-14/16 2-14/16 2-15/l 6 3 3 3-l/l 6 3-2/l 6 3-2/16 3-6/15 3-5/16 3-1 l/l 6 3-5/l6 3-5/l 6 3-5/l 6 3-lO/l6 3-5/l6 3-6/l 6 3-6/l 6 3-7/16 3-10/16 3-14/16 3-14/16 3-14/l6 3-13/16 3-14/16 3-15/l 6 101 100.7 100.2 101.2 101.2 101.0 101.4 100.6 101.3 101.3 101,8 101.2 101.0 101.5 101.3 101.5 101.3 101.4 101.0 101.9 102.3 101.8 101.3 101.3 100* 3 102.2 101.4 102.2 102.2 102.5 101.6 101.8 102.6 102.3 101.8 101.0 101.6 101.4 101.0 101.6 7,890 7,600 7,430 6,170 7,040 6,630 6,400 6,890 6,100 5,900 7,200 6,500 7,480 7,310 7,060 6,760 6,410 6,520 6,820 6,360 7,180 7,370 6,340 6,840 7,030 6,100 7,260 6,680 6,950 6,850 5,560 6,330 5,980 6,330 5,960 6,000 6,890 6,390 6,070 6,350 24,200 22,200 16,650 20,750 13,250 14,800 13,550 17,350 15, 600 22,200 18,650 19,950 18,750 19,600 17,100 23,300 16,600 17,650 20,300 19,300 17,750 19,350 28,500 27,700 28,500 22,000 20,950 23,400 29,900 28,900 20,000 14,250 23,100 16,300 15,550 20,500 21,500 20,650 19,050 24,800 85 85 80 80 80 80 80 75 75 75 78 75 78 70 80 80 70 75 75 80 70 80 70 75 80 73 70 70 70 65 - 85 80 75 80 80 75 28 52 12 11 14 22 14 17 3 1 1 53 12 2 5 4 31 0 6 3 9 7 31 21 17 7 25 0 6 0 6 0 2 1 20 26 2 21 3 1 0018089 16- MONKEY NO. 7 (Control) (Cont'd) DATE ' 7/eight Lbs. Temp.F . Erythrocytes Leucocytes Hb.(Dare) Stip Oct. 25, 1927 Nov. 1 8 15 23 29 Dec. 7 13 20 27 Jan. 3, 1928 10 17 24 31 Feb. 8 14 21 Mar. 1 6 3-15/ 16 4 3-13/ 16 4-2/16 3-14/ 16 4-1/2 4 4 4 3-13/ 16 3-I4/I6 4 4 3-15/ 16 3-15/ 16 4 4 3-15/ 16 4-3/ 16 4-6/ 16 102.3 101.4 102.4 100.8 100.6 102.0 102.0 101.9 102.6 102.0 101.2 102,2 100.5 101.2 101.4 101.5 102.5 102.0 102,8 102.6 5,980 6,310 6,470 6,780 6,920 5,230 5,800 5,830 5,560 6,560 6,040 6,080 5,860 6,810 6,370 6,290 5,710 6,550 6,230 5,820 17,050 15,000 17,750 21,450 16,600 17,550 17,300 22,750 12,950 23,000 23,850 17,700 15,550 16,150 21,250 22,400 17,250 30,250 25,100 24,200 75 73 80 70 75 70 75 75 75 70 80 - 65 80 75 73 70 80 80 78 0 0 0 0 0 5 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 5 0 2 2 K 001-8030 TABLE XIII Chart of Experimental Observations WEIGHTS OF MONKEYS 8, 9 AND 10 MONKEY NO. 8 Weight (Birth)May 12, 1927 26 Jun 14 27 Jul 12 27 Aug 24 Sep 14 Oct 3 Nov 2 Dec 3 Jan 12, 1928 Feb. 8 Feb 22 12/16 1S/16 1 lb. 1-2/16 l-5/l 6 1-7/16 l-H/16 1- 3/4 2- 1/16 2-1/4 2-7/16 2-6/l 6 2 2-3/l 6 MONKEY NO. 9 (Birth)Jun 26, 1927 Jul 1 12 27 Aug 24 Sep 14 Oct 3 Nov 2 Dec 3 12 Died Feb. 7 lO/l 6 ll/l 6 3/4 14/l 6 l-3/l6 1-6/16 l-ll/l6 1-12/16 1-13/16 2 lbs. MONKEY NO. 10 19, 1927 27* 20, 1928 14/l 6 l-l/l 6 2-1/2 Monkey could not be taken from mother for weighing without danger of injury. Attempts there fore abandoned until weaned. Kr 0018091 ;> -18- CONCLUSIONS . The further data supplied in this extension to the original report of animal experimentation does not necessitate any modifications of the con clusions found in that report. In fact,' the present data only supports those conclusions to a still greater degree. There is only one indication of lead accumulation in the monkeys under observation, and that is the small amount of stippling which is found from time to time in certain of the animals. It has been pointed out previously that the stippling in the animals under treat ment never exceeds that which is found in control animals, and, therefore, may not be regarded as having been caused by the treatments with Ethyl Gaso line. Furthermore, it has been pointed out previously that there was at one time a source of lead exposure other than that due to the treatment, a source which influenced alike both control and test animals. There is no evidence in this data, therefore, -feat monkeys under conditions of treatment are absorbing and accumulating appreciable quantities of lead in their car casses as result of their treatment. Furthermore, there is not the slightest evidence of any injury to any of these animals after this prolonged exposure. This is particularly significant in the case of the one animal whose treat ment began when he was quite young. One cannot but conclude on the basis of these experiments that the dangers of absorption of tetraethyl lead from gasoline in the commercial con centrations are exceedingly slight, if indeed any dangers actually exist. 1 K E 0018092