Document wgodo0dXoDXkzMgEZejp70b34

Monsonto.Chemical Company* Or ganicChemitals Division 800 Rortli Lindbergh Blvd. < St.Louis66,Missouri CHEMICAL. SPECIALTIES DATA REPORT The information in this report was compiled to assist yon in your evaluation and development of s|>ccial uses for Monsanto products Kvery effort has boon made to include pertinent material bearing on the subjeet. This information is intended to guide your development work, but Monsanto cannot take part in the specific formulation or evaluation of any finished product.. . since knowledge of such should be reserved to yourself and is often your most valuable trade secret. No. Date1 OS-14 November, i960 AROCLOR* FIRE-RETARDING PLASTICIZERS AND MODIFIERS FOR EPOXY RESINS Because of their outstanding chemical resistance and adhesive char acteristics, epoxy resins are widely used for the production of surface coatings, adhesives, laminations and plastic parts. To impart flame resistance -- with attendant lowering of cost -- Aroclor compounds oan be added to the resins In various proportions. The flame retardant resins so produced have many important uses. In laminations and plastic parts, for example, it is often necessary or even mandatory that flame resistance be built into the finished product. By selecting the proper Aroclor, formulators, can meet requirements for fire resistance while, at the same time, adjusting such other important properties as flexibility, hardness and viscosity. Chemically, the Aroclor compounds are dl- and poly-phenyls chlorinated to a definite per-cent-by weight of inert, bound chlorine. Physically, they range in form and appearance from Aroclor 1221, mobile oily liquids, to Aroclor 5460, hard transparent resins. Chemically, the Aroclor compounds are impervious to moisture, acids and alkalis; they are extremely heat stable and will not support combustion. When added to resins, the Aroclor compounds function as low-oost plasticizers Imparting fire-retardant properties to the resin formulation as well as other desirable end-product characteristics. This report oovers the application of Aroclor plasticizers in epoxy resin formulations. 061363? * Aroolor is a trademark of Monsanto Chemical Company for its chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives, Including chlorinated diphenyl. Reg. U. S. fat. Ofc. The information In. this bulletin is. to our best knowledge, true and connection vtflh th$ tlse oT lhe<e data or suggestions. ' aocurate, but aril recommendations' or -suggestions .are -made without .fr.uytitemiore.inothin^ contained herein ehpll bO construed an a reconi guarantee, sinoe 1h conditions of use are lieyond our control. The. * mediation to tuse any product in conflict With existing patents covering . Monsanto Chemical 'Company '^Usdaims pny ..liability .uieurred xtx ... . -any imatenat or : ft ^^ 1 1 rrtit'i1" utilftrl'Mi!ii TOWOLDMON0043678 " WATER_PCB-00028147 THE NEED FOR AROCLOR PLASTIC!ZERS When incorporated into epoxy resin formulations, Aroclor compounds can be used to impart fire resistance; to increase flexibility; to improve processing; to maintain chemical reBistanoe; to maintain adhesive characteristics and to lower finished product costs. The quality advantage of self-extinguishing epoxy compositions is of great Interest in electrical, structural and coatings applications. Aroolor compounds are outstanding for providing fire retardancy since they offer the additional advantages of high chemical resist ance (inertness), resistance to water, acid and alkali extraction -- and very low per pound cost. Frequently, the addition.of Aroolor results in lower over-all finished product oosts by their replacing a percentage of the higher cost ingredients. SELECTED PROPERTIES OF AROCLOR COMPOUNDS The Aroclor compounds, from Aroclor 1221 to Aroclor 5460, span a wide range of physical properties. Over the series, the properties vary in a regular gradient; giving a choice for optimum usefulness in any particular application. Adjustment of formulation properties can further be made by "blending" two or more Aroclor compounds to give a mixture for the specific use. The five** (of twelve) Aroolor oomppunds listed Illustrate the variety of properties available. ** For a complete summary describing the properties of the entire series of twelve Aroclor compounds, request a copy of "The Aroclor Compounds." . Address request to; Monsanto Chemical Company Organic Chemicals Division Dept. CS-14 800 N. Lindbergh Blvd. St. Louis 66, Missouri . Monsanto Chemical Specialties Data Report CS-14......................... ...Page 2 0613630 | TOWOLDMON0043679 WATER_PCB-00028148 . TABLE I THE- PROPERTIES OF AROCLOR COMPOUNDS Form Aroclor 1221 Colorless mobile oil Aroclor 1242 Practically colorless mobile oil Aroclor 1260 Light yellow soft sticky resin Acidity - Maximum (Mgm.KOH per Gm. ).................. 0.015 0.015 0.015 Typical Density Specific Gravity 25/25c (77/77F)............. Lbs./Gallon-25C (770*?).. Distillation Range ASTM D-20 (Mod.) Corr. C........................................ Evaporation Loss - % ASTM D-6 Mod. 163C - 5 hrs........................... 100C - 6 hrs........................... 1.182 9.85 1.380 11.50 275-320 325-36o 1.0 to 1.5 3.0 to 3-6 0.0 to 0.4 1.620 13.50 385-420 0.5 to 6.8 0.0 to 0.1 Flash Point Cleveland Open Cup-C.... oF____ I4l-150 286-302 176-l80 348-356 None tt Fire Point - Cleveland Open Cup - C........................... F............................ 176 349 None* n None tt Pour Point-ASTM D-97-C.. F.. Softening Point -- ASM E-28 - C......................... F......................... Crystals at 1C Crystals at 34f __ -19 2 __ 31 88 __ Refractive Index -. D-line - 20C.................. Vlsccsity-Saybolt U.' 210F (98.9Cl............... 30F (5l+.hC).................. lOO'F (37.8c).................. * A e*+* 4M *--> 1.617-1-618 1.627-1.629 30-31 35-37 40-42 34-35 49-56 80-93 1.647-1.649 72-78 3200-4500 -- Aroclor 1268 White opaque resin Aroclor 546o Yei-low Trans parent resin 0613639 0.05 0.07 1.810 15-09 1.670 13.91 435-450 280-3350 at 5 mm. Eg. 0.1 to 0.2 0.03 0.0 to 0.6 1.5 to 1.7 (at 260-5 hrs. None n None t! None " None It ---- _ __ 135 to l6o 100to IO5.5' (hold pt.) _ _ 275 to 320u 212uto 222 (hold pt.) 1.660-1.665 ,, W.- -- . ------ TOWOLDMON0043680 WATER_PCB-00028149 PROPERTY IMPROVEMENTS OP EPOXY FORMULATIONS The Aroclor compounds represent one of the few plasticizer type materials that possess a high degree of compatibility with epoxy resins. The lower chlorinated members, 1221 and 1232, Impart a high degree of flexibility to epoxieo while the more resinous and solid Aroclor compounds, e.g., 5460, have little flexibilizing effect. In fact, tend to act as reinforcing resin3. Aroclor compounds, in general, have negligible influence on the hardness, tensile or compressive yield strength of epoxy resins. In phthalic anhydride cured systems, the ultimate compressive strengtn can even be improved by addition of solid Aroclor compounds to the formulation. When used in the range of 15 to 20 parts per hundred of resin, all of the Aroclor compounds greatly retard the burning rate of epoxy compositions. A small amount of antimony oxide added to the Aroclor formulations further increases the fire-retardance greatly and the epoxy formulations become non-burning, Aroclor creates self extinguishing characteristic; the antimony oxide functions to reduce afterglow. In addition, the antimony oxide can replace a portion of any fillers that may be employed, Aroclor compounds are especially useful whenever finished product cost plus other specific qualities, such as good resistance to chemicals (especially acid and alkali), are important factors. In surface coatings, for example, Aroclor 1254, 1260 and 1262 provide both formulating economy and excellent chemical resistance. However, Aroclor should not be used where maximum organic solvent resistance is desired since it is a true plasticizer and not chemically bound to the resin. In potting compounds, Aroclor compounds can provide added flexi bility to improve the shock, resistance of the encapsulated device. In addition, by proper selection of the Aroclor compound, the coating viscosity can be greatly reduced. Better tackiness can be developed in epoxy adhesives by the stickiness" property of Aroclor. In epox.y sealants, besides fire resistance, easier workability develops in the formulations. Wherever fire-resistance. Inertness, better flow and improved handling characteristics are needed, Aroclor compounds should be evaluated. Their unique properties and the effect on the epoxy resin as well as their low cost per pound recommend their evaluatlon for a variety of epoxy resin end uses. LABORATORY DATA -- AROCLOR COMPOUNDS IN LIQUID EPOXY RESINS ' The following data have been assembled as a guide for formulators of epoxy resins. Careful study of these data disclose several generalizations. Monsanto Chemical Specialties Data Report CS-14.......................... Page 4 . OblSb^O TOWOLDMON0043681 WATER_PCB-00028150 e.use of ^`luld Aroolor in an aliphatic amine-cured system -- 20 P?T parts of resin basis -- results in a self-extinguishing atlon: . Replacement of five parts of Aroolor with five parts of antimony oxide produces materials with still better flame retardancy. ?trenEth and compressive yield strength is improved while tensile strength remains unaffected. There is a slight lowering of neat distortion temperature and ultimate compressive strength. , anhydride cured systems, solid Aroolor compounds greatly comPressive strength, flexural strength and tensile S'i. <'omPress:lv yield strength is comparable to the unplasea control while heat distortion temperature is lowered slightly Irf J^uld epoxy resins used in the experiments recorded in Table II TrjL;ePrsntative of commercial types such as Clba's Araldlte 6010, or Dow^sdDERb332'S EPI`ReZ 510, Shell's EPn 828, Bakelite's ERL 2771* Monsanto Chemical Specialties Data Report CS-14..,.Page 5 I 0613b<U | TOWOLDMON0043682 WATER_PCB-00028151 TABLE II AROCLOR IK LIQUID EPOXY RESIN Formulation Cure: 16 Hr. R.T. +2 hrs.ig 100C. Control Modified 12 3 4 5 o 20 Hrs. % 150C. ---------- " '7 a ~g Control 10 Liquid Epoxy Resin Psi Diethylene Triamine fa0 Aroclor 1260 Aroclor 1242 Antimony Oxide Aroclor 1268 Aroclor 5460 Phthalic Anhydride IMP 30 (Rohm & Haas) A n 4U-> GQJ, 100 13 _ - - - - - 100 13 20 _ - _ - - - Flammability ASTM 635-56T .82 in/ S.E. min. 1-1/8'1 100 13 15 5 - - N.B. 100 13 20 - , S.E. >-1/8" 100 100 13 - 15 _ 5- - 20 -- 75 - ' .1 N.3. .38 in/ min. 100 100 100 --- 515 - 5 - 20 15 75 75 75 .1 .1 .1 N.B. .38 in/ N.B. min. 100 _ _ 75 .1 .6 in/ min. Heat Distortion Temp . ,C. 117.5> 87 92 79. 5 81. 0 128 134 135.5 135 143 Rockwell "M" 104 103 106 108 1C7 112 112 113 111 111 Flex Strength PSI 20,000 23,800 22,100 21. soo 22, 200 25,900 20,000 26, 300 19,000 16,900 Tensile PSI 11,400 13,000 9,8co 10. O O 12,800 13,500 11,100 11,500 10,200 11,000 Compressive Yield . Strength PSI 15,700 17,250 16,950 17. 900 16,700 22, 300 20,500 21,000 21,200 20,900 Compressive Ultimate Strength PSI 43,000 32,900 38,150 32, 500 32,400 36,500 36,700 41,700 40,700 23,400 S.E. = Self extinguishing; N.B. = Ho burning WATER_PCB-00028152 Table III illustrates some other typical physical property modifi cations imparted by Aroclor 1221 and 12A8. In each case, the formulation consisted of 100 parts epoxy resin (as in Table IX), 25 parts of Aroclor and 8 parts of tetraethylenepentamine. Compatibility Liquid Room Temp. Cure 30 Min. Cure 100C. TABLE III Control Aroclor 1221 Aroclor I2A8 Compatible Compatible Compatible Compatible Compatible Compatible Compatible Compatible Compatible VISCOSITY* Before adding curing agent After adding curing agent 12,800 7,900 1,650 1,200 7,700 A,300 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES** Izod Impact Resistance Clarity: / light reflected Shore D Hardness (10 sec.) 0.2 3.0 78 - 3.0 8 0.6 3.0 AO PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AFTER Heat aging*** Shore D Hardness (10 sec.) % Weight Change 86 -0.012 81 -2.118 88 -0.682 * Brookfield LVF //A spindle at 60 r.p.m. ** Samples cured 30 min. at 100C. with 8 p.hr. tetraethylenepentamine *** Aged 2A hours at 86C. in activated carbon . EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION OF ANTIMONY OXIDE AND AROCLOR ON FLAMMIP.ILITY To determine the effective concentration of Antimony oxide and Aroclor (equal parts by weight), several test resin mixtures were prepared. Liquid epoxy resin (Shell Epikote 83A) was mixed with Aroclor and antimony oxide and cured with 8(aS diethylenetriamine. Specimens were prepared in wax molds 9"x i"xt". The flammibility tests were based upon the British Ministry of Supply Aircraft Specifications DTD 5537 Appendix 10. This procedure consisted of clamping the test specimen in a support with its longitudinal axis horizontal and its transverse axis inclined at A50. A bunsen burner was applied with the tip of the flame 1/2" to 3/A" just in contact with the end of the specimen. At the end 30 seconds, the flame was removed and the specimen allowed to burn. If burning did not continue, the flame was replaced for 30 seconds and if the specimen again failed to continue burning, the material was classed as self-extinguishing. These results are listed in Table IV. 06136A3 Monsanto Chemical Specialties Data Report CS-lA.................................... Page 7 | TOWOLDMON0043684 WATER_PCB-00028153 TABLE IV AROCLOR AND ANTIMONY OXIDE (50-50 Mix) Weight # in Resin Aroolor 1242 Aroclor 1260 Aroclor 4465 5 Inflammab]e Inflammable Inflammable 7.5 S.I, S.I. 10 Inflammable S. E. S.E. (30 see . ) (20 seo.) 15 S.E. S. E. S.E. (30 sec.) immediate immediate S.E. - Self-extinguishing S.I, Semi-inflammable Aroclor 5460 Inflammable S.E. (40 sec.) S.E. (20 sec.) S.E. immediate *** ********# For samples of the Aroclor products mentioned in this report, contact the nearest.branch office (see attached list) or write to: MONSANTO CHEMICAL COMPANY Organic Chemicals Division Plasticizers Department 800 North Lindbergh St. Louis 66, Missouri Monsanto Chemical Specialties Data Report CS-14...................................................Page 8 0bl3b`*`> I I TOWOLDMON0043685 WATER_PCB-00028154 MONSANTO CHEMICAL COMPANY Organic Chemicals Division District Sales Offices ATLANTA! 1401 Peachtree St. N.E., Atlanta 5, Georgia BOSTON: Everett Station, Boston 49, Massachusetts , CHICAGO: McGraw-Hill Building, 520 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago 11, 111. CINCINNATI! 2330 Victory Parkway, Cincinnati 6, Ohio CLEVELAND! 427 Hanna Building, Cleveland 15, Ohio DETROIT: 18230 Grand River Avenue, Detroit 23. Michigan HOUSTON! 2472 Bolsover St., P. 0. Box 6863, Houston, Texas LOS ANGELES! 6670 E. Flotilla St., Los Angeles 22, California MINNEAPOLIS: Foshay Tower, Room 515, Minneapolis 2, Minnesota NEW YORK: 445 Park Avenue, New York 22, New York PITTSBURGH: 20 Cedar Boulevard, Pittsburgh 28, Pennsylvania SAN FRANCISCO: 111 Sutter Street, San Francisco 4, California SEATTLE: 911 Western Avenue, Seattle 4, Washington . SYRACUSE: 731 James Street, Syracuse 3, New York WILMINGTON: 2005 Concord Pike, Fairfax, Wilmington 3, Delaware ****** ' LONDON: Monsanto House, 10-18 Victoria St., London S.W. 1, England MELBOURNE: 256 Flinders Street, Adelaide, Australia MONTREAL: P. 0. Box 900, Montreal 3, Canada TORONTO: 183 Front St. East, Toronto 2, Ont., Canada VANCOUVER: 1550 Rand Avenue, Vancouver 14, B. C., Canada Monsanto Chemical Specialties Data Report CS-14...............*......................Page 9 0613645 TOWOLDMONOO43680 WATER_PCB-00028155