Document vBbDb5neooX5ygvxDDxnKyJZb

iLiisa;r:o u LOCATIONi J. C. Landwehr - 'Anniston Plant ncrcBt^ict February 2, 171 t' AROCLOR REMOVAL FROM WASTE WATER CC: J. L. Brown/I. Ransav D. Danna - General Offices F. Macdo.nald/H. Disley Newport W. B. Papagecrge - General Offices J- R. Savage - General Offices TO N. Badger - Newport ^ P. F. Cunningham - General Offices N* John Durland - Tokyo . ' k. G. Engman - W. G. Krummrich Don Pogue - General Offices H. A. Vodden - Ruabon The attached R & D Report (446-514, No. 1) is the first formal issue of Anniston data on Aroclor removal from waste water. This covers a filtrationadsorption experiment that lead to the pilot adsorption and pilot clarifica tion studies listed under the report's Future Work Section. We are developing capital and operating cost estimates on the alternates being studied, .and expect that differing situations will require one or another^ or combinations of.techniques. For example, filtration may be applicable only under limited conditions because of blinding and probably costs for cleanout of a ccmnercial unit. It seems now that continuous clarification following adsorption on solids inherently present or added to a waste stream is most generally applicable. Where stream flow is within a reasonable range and solids content is low, con ventional carbon adsorption has promise. Studies just completed indicate flow rates and carbon capacity for Aroclors are in an economical range. This data will be published as soon as design and cost parameters are received from co operating vendors. Carbon adsorption following clarification would be the system with greatest assurance of removal to no detectable amount by present analytical techniques.' At the other end of the spectrum sumps, limestone pits, and solids settling . pits are adequate down to the 100-300 ppb level. Attachment 2 shows results and cost of pumping sludge from an Anniston settling pit. Clarification experiments started February 1. The attached report from Betz Laboratori.es (Attachment 3) describes the flocculation system that will be , initially used. Results on jar test samples indicate very good removal of Aroclprs upon clarification. ' Attachment 4 is a revised PR&D work plan which summarizes status on the work and dates for future phases to complete'the program. skd Attachments (4) IN-IO HE/ 1 1. C. Laaduehr^mmmgmmmm I EXHIBIT f Papageorge 8 63 , p rv-mr p rVa M W u J..l* k-b' 1*11* L' Vl fci b*ti 0007201 WATER PCB-00055491 ( 7% ' tJ, l. Csrclen v \\j:'",*rw * /....... QoJe ; / ' 2 7 - 7 A cc /' . 7T, Qf 4? e k ,^L .... . . G. u); /'/I, //sr . ... .. AS? ///*? vJ . -......... .. ..... i..... . ,U4/% cfe sJ&rc o/J T^/V^e. ... .................. t?, <S. \Or/^kT ^ "" tihi&cX : S/jc/jC. &as,fed frdAA A/& A /5r. -^a9 -v7b fJ u/&r7j io G re fu/Af--cf A3/v\'. ft T far A a ds <gcb jvq! 77aa e. /A - *f cTy <rzh.y '<3 utYCK' 7~d-rL 77 ^ T~ fUA'vj O r&o ul Q re. Cl<J> . Jr tJ/b\v<s / , ///srTs ~ AA fre a^. WATER PCB-00055492 . .freo^T ! /V .7r><3 r *w a F/o /V X//C/4 c-c T/ e /r / / ^ Fco/d bo pu^n f/ od c/vy-z, ^T /// Tor^iV/4 cT y . //^ Atiro //d/J - - . ' - - - - - /// C red 5 /// r Ate pt-r oe.p jo //;///o c^/oc h<a b s2~ // ' c?C/4 /c2v* cj 77>/o //) J~j)d cj C-'/ PO/ADV/A;/c7\ T/)& ////;s&73//e //'c rTz>> 7V<_ O'i^r dcuJ r /^<gr?t:> OJbO Id /fc? v-s. //VC. ec/ O/fD'f/<)juoly' Qr'/sr : //" C1L~7i X &e he^o 7/5 e 07O7d1-C h^t/r pe Mb':?/ 3 7o //'orTe, rhe. f'r d.rer* . 7^3 r c/c? 7e -A duo. 71 7^e o > 0*h c!<s \rr> ^5 ,v rZ~ f - 77 \ ....... - . ___ . ,.___-- - ... ......... .. <// ^od rc / , 7 054/4 c/o 4^ W/c /AoT^cd ft&r The. ~/r -o /r rC _ /~-d. - . .- /!>' r. R [tv p p^. ran er*:-x ^ m ?'; ..v f k fes* I*?? b tj || 0Q07ZU3 WATER PCB-00055493 . xr'; <rr. ir-n rt, g r ii 0007204 WATER PCB-00055494 g]j .. I L.vm LJ L_Z3 LABORATORIES, INC. December 29, 1970 Monsanto Company P. O. Box 249 Anniston, Alabama-36201 . Attention: s I / Mr. W. F. Taffee Engineering Supervisor 4, _ . ' Re: ' ' . Clarification of Neutralization ' ` Pit Effluent Gentlemen: ' .- , ` Enclosed are the results of the laboratory clarification and analytical testing of your neutralization pit effluent. The tests were conducted in accordance with your letter of November 2, 1970, from Mr. W. F. Taffee and conversations with our Mr. M. L. Mitchell and local representative, Mr. A-. S. Freeman. ' .' . / Our laboratory test results leads us'to recommend a treatment consisting of a bentonite clay and a strongly cationic polyamide poly electrolyte at a chemical cost of approximately two cents per thousand gallons. The laboratory jar tests showed that the addition of these chemicals followed by a four to ten minute . rapid mix at 100 rpm and one minute of-settling immediately after rapid mixing produced the following quality of supernatant. Initial Suspended Solids Initial Turbidity Initial Organic Carbon PP.TM 532 204 52 ` Mw libiLf! 1 iM ppm 1076 400 70 0007^05 WATER PCB-00055495 l_AQ3AATOniE9. INC. Supernatant Suspended Solids Supernatant Turbidity Supernatant Organic Carbon ppm 16-26 2-7 1-2 ppm 6-26 1.5-6 2-3 ' suspended solids and turbidity in the jar test supernatant are a result of some floating solids which are normally present due to insufficient turbulence at the waters' surface during mixing. In actual practice this problem should not occur due to improved mixing and the mechanics of a solids context clarification system. ' . Analytical Data Sheet (ADS No. 1) shows the analysis of a gallon plant effluent sample collected on Octo'ber 27, 1970. Your November 2, 1970, letter indicates that the analysis of this sample should adequately describe the quality of the four one-gallon neutralization pit effluent samples submitted for the clarification tests. ADS No. 1 shows that the sample contained high concentrations of calcium and chloride, 220 and 224 ppm respectively. The 0.1 ppm phosphate and 0.2 ppm iron are low. The 9 ppm of organic carbon in the sample was reduced to only 8 ppm by laboratory filtration. The sample of neutralization pit sludge contained sixty percent solids. Initial Screening Test . ' In order to conserve the samples of neutralization pit efflur^t, the initial jar testing was conducted on a waste solution produced by mixing a portion of the sludge sample with demineralized water.. This prepared waste sample had <*>-. ft B RW ? y-\ If" ? 8 V p iNnlfrie Mi L B 1 ^ 'fi w i dfi 2- 00072U6 WATER PCB-00055496 tEGITPS LAOOAATOMiE:. INC. a pH of 6.7, turbidity of 220 ppm, and approximately 500 ppm suspended solids. The 500 ppm solids concentration was selected since it was midway between the 0.01 - 0. 1 percent solids concentration anticipated in the neutralization pit effluent. . ' * The initial jar test screening evaluations are summarized in ADS No. 2. Alum and ferric chloride at concentrations up to 50 and 25 ppm, respectively did not produce satisfactory flocculation and solids removal. The use of a high molecular weight anionic polyelectrolyte with the primary coagulant ' resulted in additional solids removal; however, the lowest turbidity level fo.und in the highest quality supernatant was 58 ppm. The initial screening tests indicated that the maximum reduction of ' suspended solids and turbidity could be obtained with 15 ppm of SPV bentonite clay and 7.7 ppm of a liquid strongly cationic poly electrolyte; Betz Poly-Floe 1170. The chemical treatment combination in test No. 20 was utilized in test No. 22 but with additional rapid mixing and no flocculation mixing at 30 rpm. The solids reduction to a turbidity of 11 ppm in test No. 22 appeared economical and was the basis for the tests' summarized in ADS No. 3. . The tests and results shown in ADS No. 3 employed two different types of bentonite clay and a strongly cationic liquid polyelectrolyte. The Coaguioid clay has a higher cost per pound and thus lower concentration was used in the test in order to permit comparison of the two clays on an equal cost basis. WATER PCB-00055497 . BEITFS LAOORATOniEC, INC. Comparison of the results from tests 1 through 6 indicate that at a neutral pH the treatment using the Coaguloid clay reduced the turbidity to levels similar to but slightly lower than with the SPV clay. The initial solids concentrations ranging from 200 to 800 ppm did not adversely affect the results when the same concentrations of treatment chemicals was employed. Comparison of the results from tests 7 through 12 show that at the lower pH of 5. 0 the Coaguloid clay and poly electrolyte was less effective. The SPV clay and polyelectrolyte produced excellent results under the same test conditions Final Testing and Recommended Treatment - The results of final testing are shown in ADS No. 4. This exhibit summarizes the recommended clay and cationic poly electrolyte treatment. These tests were conducted on neutralization pit effluent samples mixed with 500 and 1000 ppm of solids from the sample of neutralization pit sludge. All 'i .* samples were mixed for four to ten minutes at 100 rpm in order to produce good flocculation and a rapid settling floe. _ _ Although the additional fast mixing improved the performance and rate of Loc settling within the one minute settling period evaluated, a-five minute rapid mix followed by a short flocculation mixing and settling in a solids contact clarifier should provide an effluent with a low organic carbon concentration and a suspended solids concentration lower than the values shown in the laboratory testing results. It is recommended that you equip your pilot plant clarification facility with an external rapid mix basin to further evaluate this parameter. 000 7.2 0 ci WATER PCB-00055498 , BCiTTS UAOCJAATOniC&i INC. I i Under separate cover we are submitting waste, supernatant, and sludge samples collected during the tests shown in ADS No. 4. We thank you for the opportunity to provide these services and trust that the test results meet with your approval. If you should have any questions regarding the information presented, please do not hesitate to contact this office or our local representative, Mr. A. S. Freeman. ' Very truly yours, ' ' . BETZ LABORATORIES, INC. , W.^ohnSoost ' WJS/abd Enclosures cc: +2 -- . * Project Engineer. Consulting Division '' . ' ., _ t; _ nnn-?'-.., WATER PCB-00055499 WATER ANALYSIS for Monsanto Company- . Anniston ' Alabama . . ^3--UJ_ TREVOSE, PENNSYLVANIA 19047 SAMPLING POINT Gallon Sample Plant Effluent sample dated: October 27, 1970 - Total Hardness as CaCO-,. oom 310 Calcium as CaC03, ppm 220 Magnesium as ' CaCO,, pom 90 Phenolphthalein Alkalinity as CaCO^, ppn i 0 Methyl Orange Alkalinitv as CaCO-*. Don i 44 Sulfate as S04, ppm 60 Chloride as Cl, ppm . 224 ' , _ s _ .. - . Silica as Si02, ppm Total Phosphate as PO^. ppm Ortho Phosphate as PQa, ppm pH . Total Iron as Fe, ppm Biochemical Oxygen Demand, (BOD), ppm Chemical Oxygen Demand, (COD), ppm Total Carbon, ppm 13. 5 0. 1 0.1 6.6 0. 20 16 42 S(F) F(2Y 21 19 Inorganic Carbon, ppm 12 . 11 ' ;(1) Shaker Sample (2) Filter ;d Sample . ' Organic Carbon, ppm Specific Conductance Micromhos, 18C Total Solids, ppm 98 650 708 *. Total Fixed Solids, ppm 296 .. Cii _/w^ ^ , i" Suspended Fixed .Solids, ppm ! 10 1 ' nnwrtn non? Color Units 10 -- . to i '1 . WATER PCB-00055500 A IN f-K L i h I b *uUiio UnkU rS * ~ . Anniston Alabama --* ~ %** TRCVCSE, PENNSYLVANIA 13C-47 Coagulation Jar Testing SAMPLE DATED: SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION: Prepared Yfaste Sample: Distilled water mixed with 500 ppm '. of solids from the neutralization pit sludge. pH =6.7 Initial Screening Evaluations Test No. Treatment Chemicals . Type of . Mixing Supernatant Turbidity after one minute of Settlin; 0 None . .' - .1 10 ppm Alum ' 'A 2 25 ppm Alum ' . A 3 50 ppm Alum ' ` ' 'A 4 10 ppm FeCl3 ' . A 5 25 ppm FeCl3 A 6 1 ppm Poly-Floe 1160 'A 7 10 ppm Alum, 0. 5ppm Poly-Floe 1100 B 8 25 ppm Alum, 1. 0ppm Poly-Floe 1100 B 9 25 ppm Alum, 0. 5ppm Poly-Floe 1100 10 10 ppm FeCl3, 0.5ppm Poly-Floe 1100 B B 11 15 ppm SPV Clay, 0. 5 ppm Poly-Floe 1160 B 12 15 ppm SPV. Clay, 1.0 ppm Poly-Floe 1160 B 13 25 ppm Alum, 1.0 ppm Poly-Floe 1100 . C 14 25 ppm SPV Clay, 1.0 ppm Poly-Floe 1160 C 15 25 ppm SPV Clay, 2. 0 ppm Poly-Floe 116 0 C 16 25 ppm Alum, 2. 0 ppm Poly-Floe 1100 C 17 15 ppm SPV Clay, 5. 1 ppmPoly-Floe 1170 C 18 15 ppm SPV Clay, 1,0 ppm Poly-Floe 1160 C 19 15 ppm SPV Clay, 5. 1 ppm Poly-Floe 1170 C 20 15 ppm SPV Clay, 7.7 ppm Poly-Floe 1170 C 21 15 ppm SPV Clay, 3.8 ppm Poly-Floe 1170 C 22 15 ppm SPV Clay, 7. 7 ppm Poly-Floe 1170 D Type of Mixing ' fes 1 \t" . ' 220 ppm . . ' 110 ppm 70 ppm 74 ppm 137 ppm 150 ppm 58 ppm . 99 ppm 65 ppm ' 88 ppm 115 ppm . 137 ppm 121 ppm 117 ppm '95 ppm 95 ppm '58 ppm .. '35 ppm 114 ppm 55 ppm . 23 ppm 92 ppm . r- a 1 u 11 PPm' 0007211 A 5 minutes at 100 rpm and 15 minutes at 30 rpm. . B 2 minutes at 100 rpm for primary coagulant, 3 minutes at 100 rpm for flocculant (polymer), and 15 minutes at 30 rpm. ., 1 minute at 100 rpm for alum or clay, 5 minutes at 100 rpm for flocculant, and 15 minutes at 30 rpm. D - 10 minutes at 100 rpm for flocculant after first a; [ding clay. No slov/ mix. Flocculants Betz Poly-Floe 1100-; anionic organic copolymer Betz Poly-Floe 1160; cationic organic copolyme: Betz Poly-Floe 1170; iron Tn. tioni imc rr.ide, white powder, amide, white powcer , amber licuid. WATER PCB-00055501 NALYS1S FOR Monsanto Company Anniston ' . Alabama TBEVOSE.PENNSVLVANIA 13D-37 Coagulation Jar Testing SAMPLE DATED: SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION: ' Prepared Waste Samples: Distilled water mixed with neutralization pit sludge at solids concentrations of 200, 500 and 800 ppm and pH adjusted, where shown, to 5. 0, . Comparison of SPY and Coaguloid Clays Test No. ' 1 2 3 Treatment Chemicals (1) Waste Sample Analysis Suspended Turbidity,. Solids, ppm pH* ppm Supernatant Turbidity, 1 Minute Se 15 ppm SPV-Clay and 7. 7 ppm Fbly- Floe 1170 200 500 800. .6.8 6.8 6.8 102 . 11 220 . 12 380 13.5 4 5 ppm Coaguloid 200 6.8 102 5 Clay and 500 6.8 220 .6 7.7 ppm Poly-Floe 1170 800 6.8 380 11 7 8 7 5 ppm Coaguloid 200 5.0 102 8 Clay and 500 5.0 220 9 7. 7 ppm Poly-Ft loe 1170 800 5.0 380 . 24 16 9 10 15 ppm SPV Clay 200 . 5.0 102 . . '5 11 and . . 500' 5.0 220 4 12 7.7 ppm Poly-Floe 1170 800 5.0 380 . 3 (1) All samples mixed,for ten minutes at 100 rpm followed by one minute of settling prior to collection of supernatant sample for. turbidity measurement. - N E:;G132 f/68 mv?Wr r..~ - 0007212 WATER PCB-00055502 ier\ o Menear,to Company Anniston' . ' . Alabama . JL^ir^ TREVCSE, PENNSYLVAr. A laid? Coagulation Jar Testing SAMPLE DATED: SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION: Effluent and Solids from Neutralization Pit Final Testing and Recommended Treatment (1) pH WASTE SAMPLE; 500 ppm' 7.1 Supernatant Sample Analyses J21 ' . Turbidity, PPra. _ .r 204 Suspended Solids, ppm 532 ' " . ; ' Test No. Rapid Mix at 100 rpm 1 4 Minutes \ ' \ . 7 24 2 7 Minutes 6 .26 3 10 Minutes - 2 16 Organic Carbon, ppn 52 \ WASTE SAMPLE; 1000 ppm ' 7.4 Supernatant Sample Analyses (2) Test No. Rapid Mix at 100 rpm . 4 4 Minutes 5 7 Minutes . . 6 10 Minutes . 400 ' , '_ 1076 . 6 3. 5 1.5 26 16 6 70 \ (1) All samples treated with 15 ppm SPV Bentonite Clay and 7.7 ppm of a cationic poly-lectrolyte; Betz Poly-Floe 1170.' (2) Samples collected after one (1) minute oi settling. ENG 152 5/S WATER PCB-00055503