Document rp8aVq7Rq47m13XpNjaOxyx3v

project no: / 6<i Yv RCPCRT FILE ounger -Lw aboratories INCORPORATED GontodUmf and Analytical S&utioai CHEMICAL . . . MICROBIOLOGICAL . . . BIOLOGICAL 188 CLIFF CAVI HOAD SAINT tOUlf, MO* 61119 PlONli (814) 848-8840 June 26th, 1971 GesiMpcaJe a( Amliftib -V 8UBJK3T - Toxicological Investigation Of: Decachlorobiphanyl - Aroclor 1272 Lot: OB 179021 NonMBto Staple Nunber 105 Monsanto Project Nunber 1-71-105 STUDY CONDUCTED FOB Monsanto Company, St. Louie, Missouri KXPEBDBNSAL PBDCXDUBK - A) Acute Orel Hlnlnal Lethal Dose (Bets, Mixed Sex) She diluted cospound was fed by stoaeoh tube to Sprague-Dawley strain elbino nele sad fenele rats in increasing doses at incresects of various. fractional log Intervals. Observations were Bade for toxic signs and the viscera of the test aniseis were exaalned aacroscopically. She data, together with the dilution at which the cospound was fed, are shown in Sable I. B) Aeute Skin Absorption Minina1 Lethal Dose (Babbits, Mixed Sex) She diluted cospound was applied in increasing doses at increaents of 0.2 fractional log intervals to the closely clipped, Intact skin of Mew Zealand white sale and feaale rabbits. She treated areas were covered with plastic strips and the anisela held in wooden stocks for periods up to twenty-four hours, after which tine they were assigned to individual cages. Observations were sade for toxic signs and the viscera of the test anlsala were examined saorosoopically. She data, together with the dilution at which the oospound was applied, are shown In Sable II. HONS 044614 Thii toDfidmtiid report Ml to bo uood in uy form oi hdvortiiinf without written ptrmiwiw lot Monsanto Coapany St, Loula, Missouri Younger Laboratories Certificate of Analysis - Page 2 (6/26/71) - 1-71-105 EXPERIMJHTAL PROCEDURE - (Continued) -574 ' C) Skin Irritation (Rabbits, Mixed Sex) 0.5 Qraa of finely ground aaaple aoiatened with water was applied to the clipped, intact skin of New Zealand white Bale and female rabbits under a one inch by one inch square patch, two single layers thick. She patehee were held in place with adhesive tape. She trunk of each anlaal was wrapped with plastic strips, to . retard evaporation and avoid eontaainatlon, for the twenty-four hour exposure period. Observations were Bade over a period of seven days for irritation. She data, soored according to the aethod of Orsize, Woodard and Calvary (Journal of Pham. and Exp. Sherapoutioa, Voluae 62, Deceaber, 1944) are shown in Sable III. D) Rr* Irritation (Rabbits, Mixed Sex) One Hundred (100.0) ailligraas of finely ground saaple were placed in the conjunctival sac of the right eye of eaoh of three albino aale and faaale rabbits and observations Bade over a period of seven days for inflaaaation. She eyea were rinsed with warn isotonic saline solution after twenty-four hours. She data, soored aooordiag to the aethod of Drains, et al, are shown in Sable IV. SUMIARY Pacachloroblphonyl - Aroclor 1272 -- lot: OR 179021 A) Acute Oral Miniaal Lethal Dose (Rats, Mixed Sex) She Aoute Oral Miniaal Lethal Dose for aale and feaale rats was found to be greater than 7940 ailligraas per kilogram. . She ooapound was classed as practically non-toxic by oral ingestion in Mle and faaale rats. B) Acute Skin Absorption Miniaal Lethal Dose (Rabbits, Mixed Sex) She Aoute Skin Absorption Miniaal Lethal Dose for aale and feaale rabbits was found to be greater than 7940 ailligraas per kilograa. She ooapound was classed ns practically non-toxic by skin absorption in aale and feaale rabbits. C) Skin Irritation (Rabbits, Mixed Sex) She ooapound was olassed as non-irritating when applied as finely ground powder aoiatened with water to intact skin of aale and feaale rabbits. She average asrlana score was 0.0 out of a possible 8 during the seven day observation period. D) Rye Irritation (Rabbits, Mixed Sex) She ooapound was classed as a slight eye irritant in sale and feaale rabbits. The average aaxiaua score was 4.0 out of a possible 110 in one hour. YOONOEK LABORATORIES, INC MONS 044615 lot Monsanto Company St. Louie, Missouri lounger Laborstorisa Certificate of Analysis - Page 3 (6/28/71) - 1-71-103 TABLE I THE ACUTE ORAL MINIMAL LETHAL DOSE CF 'Decachlorobiphenyl - Aroclor 1272 -- Lot: OR 179021' FOR RATS Sample Fad As A 20.0# Solution-Suspension In Corn Oil Animal No. - Sex Weight On. Dose Mg./Kg. Fate 1- Female 225 501 2- Male 230 1000 3- Female 200 2000 <t- Male 210 3160 5- Female 200 5010 6- Male 205 79*0 7- Female 205 79*0 8- Male 200 79*0 9- Female 210 79*0 10- Male 205 79*0 Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived Survived DISCUSSION the Aoute Oral Minimal Lethal Dose for male and female rats was found to be greater than 79*10 Milligrams per kilogram. The compound was clasesd as practically non-toxic by oral Ingestion In male and female rats. There was no weakness or other outward signs of systemic toxicity. Surviving animals were sacrificed seven days after dosing. The viscera appeared normal by macroscopic examination. Tile ir.aicml in this report is to be used in development of l.ie p; o(U:;:t end may be given lo responsible salen contents, but ;i it not to bo used l.y tbero in advertising m. The sorrre i trb* nnilcral io not to lie divulged ptit.il it. ,, in it nipt! publications. No exceptions to tbo estvlrit:i-ref lulu nfv'.y i\o tv.ituo witbout t.'io approval of the Medical Lcptin- meat in ict. Louis.Customer}/ inquiries regarding matter of toxicity are to bo t e'errod os before to the Medical Depart ment io St. Louis for reply. ~ Monsanto Company MOMS 04<61<> To: Monsanto Company fit. Louis, Missouri Younger Laboratories Certifieste of Analysis - Page It (6/28/71) - Y-71-105 TABLE II THE ACUTE SKIN ABSORPTION MINIMAL LETHAL DOSE OF 'Decachlorobiphenyl - Aroclor 1272 -- Lot: OR 179021' FOR RABBITS Sample Applied'As A 50.OX Solution-Suspension In Corn Oil Animal No. - Sex 1 - Female 2 - Male 3 - Female 4 - Male Weight -SS:_ 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.4 Dose Mg. /Kg. 3160 5010 7940 7940 Weight Change 5 Days Later . 4 0.1 + 0.1 0.0 + 0.1 Fate Survived Survived Survived Survived DISCUSSION - Iks Acute Skin Absorption Minisal Lethal Dose for sale and fenale rabbits was found to be greater than 7940 allllgraaa per kilogram. She ooapound was classed as practically non-toxic by skin absorption in male and female rabbits. Share was no weakness or other outward signs of systemic toxicity. Surviving animals were sacrificed fourteen days after dosing. The viscera appeared normal by maerosoopdo examination. MONS 044617 Tot Monsanto Coapany Bt. Louis, Missouri lounger Laboratories Certifiesta of Analysis - Page 5 (6/28/71) - I-71-105 ZABLE III SKIN IRRITATION IN RABBITS AFTER APPLICATION OF 'Decachlorobipbenyl - Aroclor 1272 -- Lot: OR 179021' Saaplt (0.5 Oran) Applied As Finely Ground Powder Moistened With Water Numerical Evaluation At The End Of AnInal No. - Sex 1 Hour 24 Hours 48 Hours 72 Hours 120 Hours 168 Hours 1 - Male 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 - resale 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 - Male 0 0 0 0 0 0 Average 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 DISCU8SI0N . The oespound was classed as non-irritating when applied as finely ground powder Moistened with water to intact skin of sals and feaale rabbits. the average naxioua score was 0.0 out of a possible 8 during the seven day observation period. Observations following application ~ 1-SourI 24- 168-Houro: No skin changea; aero readings No skin changea; aero readings HONS 044618 To; Monsanto Company St. Louis, Missouri lounger Laboratories Certificate of Analysis - Fags 6 (6/26/71) - 1-61-105 TABLE IV XTE IRRITATION IN BABBITS AFTER APPLICATION OF 'Decachlorobiphenyl - Aroelor 1272 -- Lot: OB 179021' Saaple (100.0 Milligrams) Applied As finely Oround Powder Numerical Evaluation At The End Of Animal No. - Sax 1 Hour 24 Hours 46 Hours 72 Hours 120 Hours 168 Hours 1 - Mala 2 - Female 5 - Mala Average 4.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 D18CUS8I0N - She compound mss classed as a slight eye irritant in male and female rabbits. The average maximum score was 4.0 out of a possible 110 in one hour. 'Observations following application -- Tamedietel 10-Mlnutesi 1-Honrt 24-Bourai 48- 166-Hoursi Discomfort was slight Slight to moderate discharge; no erythema or edsaa Moderate discharge; no erythema or edema Eyes normal; zero readings Eyes normal; zero readings MQNS 044619 HONS 044620 SECTION A TRANSFORMER ASKARELS.......................................... 1 I. introduction............................................................1 II. History of Trad* Name Types.............................. 1 Table l - The Composition of Transformer Askarel* ...........................................2 III. Interchangeability ................................................ 2 IV. Tabic II -- Official Transformer Askarel Shipping Specifications........................................ 3 V. Ordering Instructions ........................................... 2 VI. Stability.......................... 2 VII. Precautions When Handling Orums, Tank Cars and Whan Opening Transformers.........................4 A. Keep Ory During Handling ........................... 4 Table III - Handing and Pumping Temperatures................................... 4 B. Use Ordinary Pericnal Precautions ..............4 C. Precautions on Opening an VIII. Askarel Transform r.........................................5 Avoid Environmental 'ollution........................... 5 1. taboling Askarel Transformers...................... 9 2. Disposal of Liquid and Solid Wastes ........... 6 3. Conditioning of Ni v or Recycled Askarel .6 4. TeaidOsvn of Tran .formers (or Repair or Scrap .........................................7 5. Transformer Disposal...................................... 7 IX. Expected Service Lite........................................... 7 X. General Characteristics of Transformer Askarel fluid........................................................... 7 XI. Sampling Transformer Adterel fluid ................ 8 XII. XIII. Evaluetion of Askarel Received in New Equipment................................................ 8 Dielectric Breakdown Voltage Moisture Relationship...........................................9 Table IV -- Relation c f Oieleetnc Breakdown Voitag* to Amount oi Dissolved Water *ii Askarel and Mineral C !........................................ 9 Table V - Approximate Solubility of Water in Transformer Askarwl and Mineral Oil .... 10 XIV. XV. Tumidity ...............................................................10 Chock Points for Maintaining Aikartl Insulation ...............................................10 A. General Considerations................................. 10 8. Modern Scjlmrj Pr fceduret ......................... 11 C. The Cider Seating Arr arguments................. 12 XVI. Periodic F iu>d tn'-oec ion and What Checkpoints Me m ....................................12 XVII. XVIII. XIX. XX. XXI. XXII. A. Visual Inspection.............. 8. O-c'cctnc Breakdown Voliags Inspection Checklist..................... ' Contamination in Transformers Table VI - Effect of Common Insuljt.on Materials on Power factor and Dielectric Strength............................. Table VII - Effect of Common insulat.on Materials on Voiume Resistivity of Askarel.................................................... ASTM Method for Investigating the Compatibility of Transformer Insulation and Construction Materials m Aikareti Refining Askarel for Re-Jse.................. A. F iltenrg Through Ory Blotter Pa;vr to Remove Moisture and Extraneous Particles............................... Table VMl - Water Removal by filtering Askarel Through a Paper Press .................. 10 B. Disposal of Solid Wastes ......................... i,-, C. Solid Insulation Requiring Qrytng ... i(j D. Earth Treatment for Maximum Improvement of Power f actor and Volume Resistivity ......................................m Tabic IX - Effect of Power Factor and Volume Resistivity .........................i; Cleaning Arced Transformers ..........................|; Sampling Askarel................................................t; SECTION B ASKAREL FILLED SWITCHES AND TERMINAL CHAMBERS ................................... IQ I. Introduction............................................... .. tg II. Soureet of Contamination .............................. hi III. Sealing Switches and Terminal Chambers .'d IV. Askarel Used Under Mild Arcing Conriitiurs V. Maintenance for Askarel filled Switches VI. Askarel Under Excessive Temperature or f ault Conditions .......................................... 71 SECTION C ANALYTICAL SERVICES ON TRANSFORMER ASKAREL AVAILABLE FROM MONSANTO ............................ Types of Analytes Available: .......... 1) Routine Maintenance Check . . . 21 Complete Analysis..................... 31 Analysis Alter Earth Refinement Appendix A -- Askarel Stability <*nd Composition of Arc Formed Gas............................... Append x B - Solubility of Gas in Transfjrmer Askarel* ................................................. Append1* C - Effect of Temperature on Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Askjrei . . Append x 0 - Comparison of the Approximate Viscosity <n Siiyonit Universal Seconds ol Transformer Askjreis and Mineral 0".............. Append x E - The Ocnsity of Inertecn 54201 KA 7330 9 and Transformer Pyrancl A13033 3 ................................................ Append x F - Thermal Conductivity Values Of Trarsfarmcr Pyrarcf A13808 3................... Append X G - Hi*.it Cn.'iry............................... Aopend.xH - Coefficient ol Expansion........... Appendix I - Fire Resistance.............................. Apccrp x J - Seals. Properties and Procurement .................................. ................ Apixrnd'* K - Caution Ldbel............................... 77 73 73 MONS 044621 Y.\ < i vV'.'-l A\ \ TiA i A r;"1 c :l ' rr-a> I t. Introduction The term "askarel" as dc'ir-d by lE. ASTM and the .'ntienal Electrical Code gerera'iy disc? b<s a oread cass o* r.jfi synthotx crienrated ryorocjioon msuIrM'Og lipu-e; .vd-ny -sd m tranjro'me'j, roactcrs and accessory equipment operated at cower lruqu>*ncis. A.kareis cf var.ous ccmpos't.onci tyces a."; >n use. >r-y :r-> general properties and types see ASTM 02283.I Under arcing conditions tne gases produced. while consisting of P'eddTTv.nantiy non comlruihb'e hydroren cnio' ds. can contain varying jinguntj of combust.bfe gj>-s dcp:-a ng upon rre jiHjref type. This manual describes th; operating characteristics of transformer askjrel "I'CUtd insulation and ho*v n ditlert from mineral cl. Aopropriata hanul.rg and disposal procedures ;cr poth seres askaret liquid and impragnated sol d materials are given m aces' dance with the guidelines recommenced by the American National Stancardi lns*.:u:. The information is based cn facts gathered by Monsanto over 40 years at a producer of a:k.srl, p:us kno.vferijt gi>neo from me exreru'nce of transformer manuijctu'ers and users. This guide out: net me ve*\ simole mamtsnance requir-jd for askarel fluid m "med-sm" transformers and offers suggestions for seating an*J muniam.ng ftsxj/el <o o-O un.-ts By following tnts guide, we beiieve users v.til ootam maximum service from askarel insulation wi'n a reasoned1? minimum of maintenance, it questions arise relating to the designing and bidding of transformers, these should ou referred to regular tians'ermer suppliers. Monsanto gratefully ackrcw;edg*s the assistance, guidance ard if1: contributions of ceru-n cata by na fcHov.i.-.g: Ed\vard L. Raab - General Elictnc Or. T. K.Slout - '/'cstmghOusa Electric II. History of Tr3d* N:me Tyr.ss "Askarel" is me gsne'.c n. me :;r the non comyus: pie ucuid and cedant first uted hv Goner >i tlcctnc Comorrty r. 12J2 *or Pyrarol* b'jrd ''jhv* ' c-esistart transio'mcis. '.7;-siir.<y3u<e 2 -ctn Corpniotipn utos their crai o name, iniMtean.** Whjtf.c' t'tc tr:d3*":*Md ft'.r*2, tV.- r.vjref cont.'iri c'^ar''rn,< bujnonyi - ct.` of ;. J inui!. i'i.iidcu!r.:'.iji/, ,c-.rc' 7->. n9n>currrsive, and 'J, h .ri s-mACtrc strjn.):h unoei the o~- .ji ; condil pvt crco- .toivc n rin^prme'j. In Joit:cn to munu:jrtjriv.p Ai.tclpr0 fchiorms^d eic,*r".'l. Mnnnnio also rni*L'S tr. c.electric riu.o wnn crioitiOen.'en. > ' .a. .r* . ! <*r***ly a lr?*'??r' rn'l 0.'*>>* .< ,<**.*..**.< ,.s Taoio l. CC-VIM-Y r<f.c Cw' OO'.l-un 0 CJ"V -y MONS T! i The Composition o: T'... rfermer Ask rels Tune Mamas Mhod astv o:;::3 Tvr0 T\ .: r. r G* fnr*rti*.'n 70 20 Ir*n.%s ICO 42 Pyr vel A133333 Irvvdmnts i`-j by w: j A'cttsr - 1354. r.hiorcT'On .`nYi 70 Aocor n 1*-2, trit'^crosiphv'v/l r-cf' r'OUenjir# tri-f-. :racr.lorot2::c:nt` 30 - rhcr.cxvpropena on.dJ ,r4 . ..^,r 0.13 to 0.22 dlfUO. U SC3ve_";r V.'-neS ASTV D-;::3 ;r-m-j - 60 ICO - 40 -- 0.18 to 0.22 0.115 to 0 AST,'.* Vstnod D-2-23. wtrd `'C'-'c-'njted Arcmtric Hydroartons For Trjruc.-rr.crs", Also i.sts the composition of ail tranV. rmer askarsti u.-.'3 ji various imas nncs 1932. * Mao;3"t0 manufactures similar transformer asfcaral fluids in England where :/* trad* name Pyrccior >s used. III. htarchancs2!:iii:v !n 5r"-:ri all tnr.ij:.r.;.;r askareis are ir.tsrehangaabta. V!ov.e\i>r, it is fw.rj.'Htd (hat (he u.v.:;orT*r m-nu/arti/.'cr c$ consulted prior to muting in significant prcport.ons or total substitution. IV. O.'Jicial Trsns-'cri'isr As.<3.-:i s'.ticpir.j Specifxations Tha o:: ;ul ship pr? s-ciM.otions ter tne three modern transformer itu.d; sra <!.p\n in Tadic il. V. Ouiarina !r:t'ur.icr.s f/.oni.v-tos current rc-cy is to <lf astaral transforms: fluids only to tran:.vfrr.sr rr:nuf.-::u';,r. Ct.brs insured in the** fluids should conc^-.t t*-' rr*r..;! .c:ji-irj of nr.<2 -pt Monsanto. T!.? t.-irVcrmer : :tv: jvrte irJ catts tie tren-.for'*'.': rr;*.er and u;.2!!y ;*.as /jiiit.^-it c.'u to ;.:sn*tf/ ;rc specific usKa<ci fluid used. VI. STi^illty < !-uj 3 i';st.!;t -an it hi/jP.I/ cir*. firi-rosut'nt htfrj m^de u"der c':cre-r:c.J cent'cl to meet ;h c.-.^cur.g saec.:.cc-;urs as sp..,n m 7 IS. It do< not vary in ccnppvticn i.ke me ccmTifr.il nnge of run?; a! cl*. A v',M 'lu'.mcn mu*t never l:a m't'J .vih mint-:.! c.l Over tv.o jvccf't e: rr.uscr.it .yit ty rolum* in a.v.aie to ic.vor its tire /V.\ ;. ifvi'S Out I.:-:..c:ar> tV"on fv'c .d to air. N:.''. hot netj. it ah a. r ior*j us-* to I rn cinduct.*5 cr corrCiiva i m. j.'. it i1 ; ii c r .* .* 5' s*. y vv.il ii*,iin |V : rtly l.i r-nd'.'M tremJo.m.**, only reJ "enemy" cf j'.ka'el is civ 1 .v. .*. r. rn rv vs.: r. Ki '.t'T.i jskjfel v.-.v.-r l:;e w*il -nsure I i* hr.. - r : i:II wj1 .-ita u! o iiy MONS 044623 > ior f tw S r.<: . .`.PIia f.t - . iitn-f I pp'l fA'J M OKpUGOI iAGfU 0'/4 Val H'.> C. 0 1 in |-*|> 1 'JV.U -i'll ir.n r rr n,> . \. j; ; - -: ij f .i . . 1 ! V , r itt.. I)-. I. f - i.ii *j p> Uj'-' nlim Cm )/ |M JH Pi m (A:> 1 M OU221 ami 1 i *.\ M.ti. V* , C. lAOTM f)1D07 (A JfiM iJi C `..(.J '.a- " >i|-, ,11)0/ 57) ;o g o DiaiO) I) .l.U. t.!, i \YX>\ \S'. M !:'() !GJ riyicacd . >it it . fru. p ' .sure f-iMlf C'llittln (... I (lA ' 1`M C' i t, Ai'HA Ai inly f,ij K Of i/.j in. mj i i 1.11|.i.iilii< ppm (;.) i itli<>. Si jv:ii j :i Oi.-I'.' 'I Ti e *1 f'foii-- f.,1. Hu ,..-i l ..I f rmjl E up ifision :/ ,1M Cl i/1.-mi'/mi,AC Aic ImmrJ u "> r,*,. i` it i'S t M O/.'b'i pc .' in i ii-f T vp" G * -jl " c .? . 11-ft <jf; ` ml,C( Inc Official Tramlointcr A\k:rl Shipping S|ccilc:ucm Gcncl Ekxtr'C Co. ftiiMvIircnv r Pvi..n,i| A l.lit jfl-3 AS1Ml>7?ti3TV|>qti* f..n Mi.ix. 30 tnjx. O.OM max 35 KV, m-n. 4.7. in 4.6 It>. iK-en /0 JO * * ASTM 072UJ Tjii>r O ISO rn.ix 30 mix 0 014 max. 35 KV. mm. 4 2 to4.5 IVt Ti io.N-.irM r Inrrlicn 1W 42 * ACINI Hi 'til Type E 1,0 ni.it (ifir H 35 m > 001 :-5 KV'. mm. 4.7 lo 4 0 100 0.10 max. 1.6110to 16120 44 in 4U 36 or lower 1 435 to 1.510 None lo hrniiiwj 1st drop 7G0"C min. 40.V- m.x. Iipluiv 2/0"C mr - 373 lo 304 100 0.10 max. 1.6153 lo 1 6173 56 to 61 30 oi lower I.51H to 1.628 None 10 boiling 1st 5rop 200 C nun. 3`j'.'-. hdovv 2 70 C 00% 3/0 to JO4 '00 0 05 max. 1.62-10 to 1 62C0 !? to 02 1) tr l iv.irr 1 3.>l to 1.302 Nor iO l.mlimj 10%3.75'Cmm. T o'J max. 56.4 0 5% 65.6 'i min. 43 A 0 6% After l`.,dtmcj with aluminum for 6 hrs. at 200 lo 220C, the aluminum must not Ur cmrod.;<J on cither visual or weight inspection and Uc askarrl should meet the following .pc' ilicahurvj: TOO in.i/ ?00 mux. :*U) r 0.014 max. 0,014 max. C 0 I iiijx. 0.15 max. Clear O.nOtuO 135? OnpoKidi! 2.0 max. Clear 0 10 <o 0.22% plxmoxypiupene oxide C t j max Cl.,... 0 1J tuO 22-i pIlCH.* 7|>f UJ.t'IK o> lU< 0 0007 0.0007 0 DOUGH A,k,,'l> si wm COOMMUINXIA lypM M uwl. Un.lv. on) con.l-.ioni Win 9K< (nuduM.I. .>, C-J..V.I..1 |>.cvJo.n.n,..<l* cl nun cor.iOu-.tible hril.ognn tlin k. c . inCui'c 5 Know'll 11 < omt '. .i-llv 1J1-1.1 .'-'.... . ,:.u ,,il J.cl Iniiild.iuu iyilv.nl ,..CO...O.llluiv ...kill ,..l v.-ll.iluv.c ... ......... v.j, n.v n.,... Aw. wiii.-n jti.i-ii pkhIix'L' ij.iv- iu* mirliirti vhn.h J't jl-Iy I1.ni.ni ilite At . , ui( Ii ci -.l.tml f !< lfi>i>,*. .J tnmi tin; 4'Aaii-l Ny l.-.a.M.ivj city ii'litii/.n I**<; the -Akaii I . (i I 111:.11.111j i hi !om. jny tvu>k is |c*ui''k'd on Hu: j|i(uijin-. HONS Q4|4b2** * tr y ' ..T-n*'-- hily 125 d.v.Olvo-. - He r :%? .'Ij_'-un top. A *- .* ' v*.r / inscluM* m water, only about 200 parts per Qi.lton < t, 'tji -gl.e >n w: .-r, Jt norm .1 t*.-rnr>*r nu'es. VII. rrvua-Jticns .Vhan HpncJiing Drunta, Tank Can, and When Q,>ening Tr2p.*<str.*a:s Tli* Anfe'^jti institute of Eiectncol and fciactrontc Engineers Guide No. ?u. 1 v53 njs ce-in 'Cvi*d ta ave more ri.jn.!.^d instruct o-j j: 5 cu.Jjrc* "for of r/jPj/i11 f i/*/ in E . Tk:; guiCJ i* publ.ihr.u uy tf.e lntii(o:>' nt G** V .ci'c-'-cs Sr;ir::ri, Inc., 345 Sw>t 47th Stiert,.\,,',v York,.V.w York IC01 7. Tho folipv.ir-j jrc significant precautions: A. Ki-uDry Cur.rg Hr.vr'g: In M:nd';~j, `.tonne, :a.noting and inspecting askarel -- and in askarel trsr ,:cm-'rj - take every precaution to guard in? lik.rel injuiaticn from exposure to high humidity and moisture vOn:3.T<:njr.<5n, Keen 5 or 55 gallon arums of otkarel dry; lay tiered drums c*n their S'Oes with the bu^g at the hignest point 'em Ji;ur :o 'ieo water oH the drum head (wr.ich can be suck*d n:o the asvj'c' nv the drum 'breotn.rg"}. This precaution ii not mcisscrv when drum* ere stored indoors, wnich i$ the preferred p.ace for storage. To avoid lemons toe drums used for askarel are of heavy construction. Sixteen gausi metaf : used, with special nm seal and bung cunst/uction. Tr.e drums should be d'amed as completely as possible and then fumed twice with kerosene type solvent to remove all of the o:n.vel. Accumulated hqu-ds and washings should be collected md should ce incinerated at high lin.pcfttjres. ? a,, about ZCCtfl1, to dsxiroy the polychlorinated liphcnyt* |?C2sJ, St# Section A, VIII. Tank cars used to transport askar?!t are m exclusive service and not ttjcd mtctchirt.'joiv tor other products. Ail cars must tie unlocded through the too (dema -ittirg) either by pumping or w th canuc*'-td pressure Ufing dry . r or cry ritroyen. If nitrogen has been u;d f jr untuad rg it .s net cssary to aovise tne shipper so that v.r.*n the cur returns the nitre; n c:rt be replaced with dry air before any or* may i*rvar the car. .f the cur is to tc unlcac.d by pumc-n.; it wi: c-j hcc.siury to use a dryer cn the air intake line to re,mow mp-sture. Ail tank cars are fitted with stejm coifs, wh.ch are available for unloading under extieme iO.v tcrnpaaiute conditions. Convener^ nc-i-jhri *rd stumping temperature* and the related appronn'jtss viscosity ranges are given m Table III. B. U'.-* Oh ' '* 'rw ?*nivv.t Pf tut'pn** Tvr>ii'v-. j-.xarrt n?$ b;.*-, nade. handled, and used for cvr .:o v.'.rt. tr :n L-.* .unulid ufoiy witn recr,mmi>tled precaution*. I* . 1 .'*'i J!> -r. I! `d an hur.J,, no ser.cuk skin -nui on wi.i orrur Mc-.vjvcr, l aud jUa*d has solvent act-on (similar to paint PfwdlM't T.'bla HI Handling and Punirung Temperatures 1 1 |* handlm*; .,nd Pun-.j .j T.-nr<.r i: ir C Aj:,:tox r nr r.ra >! v I< - ' :c 1 H" . i-j; j 20 20 r j uu ;'a ICO - i-J ICO40 100-40 i I j t MONS 044625 j jr-J . ab vVtiont : :f t:i; :h-ncj. C! ' in ->j;i "''.i lit j Ujt n* perfisjiVini '3 t.i* . j. j! .y Ijfy-! jmoun's 't As ,! l.i". s;C:jn. i o i /; imUi-i. t 1 u.r .v.'* I'* it id, flVr.'f to J SOlui-on as wotI di ptra'cnic cortisone acetate solution. 0.' castor C:l. bj avoided If po area. prc-. ue ;;? wear an crj.tmc s 0 .Vinos. jfOl must :i t'o'iilk'd m a ci'JJ''1 Or contmcO 2 .\>ii i ji ix.. ri'i.uil .nl -- ui iu,,rpv.-J by i**? U S. Bu'-i . C. Proi.jut'OitS On 0; J'-- A>'-.,ir-i Transformer: A>k:vts Cf ratruc'.-tn-nji t`/0v> ai u.-d Ur.d*r ) conditions :he s [rrodecart. -.vmla cors.st -5 of ervJprrM'-jn :, r.on-combust ct- tv.d'ooin :Mf/ Jo. on ,.t* d vay-nj amount; 01 combustible gases j.v.'ntS'ng upon ihe v.kjio! type. Insulation svvti'Tit ire-jr-.orati; ? ;Vse askareli and cellule-.. it Oth.'r Grave m;.;;'ijij nay. v.r.an arced. U"TCuca l.'n.ous mixr.ins .vin::* y ? f uir;u'j. As a [Vea^t-cr*. uch c.'ses should b-i ''moved from i?**j d<'<ari oy oubblmtj dry isurr^jn ibreugh .'< askjr-l and ftoi ur.$ ;r- gas >o-ca with, dry nicrcjer. before an, work is p^i'ormcd on ve apparatus. VIII. Avoid Environmental Pollution Trantrc.T'stf as.<arefs contain ;o ycr..onrated b'phcyis iPCBs) wm-h have bw-:n yea m the 'J-rv.-d St.ite* a*--f eisawh.?'* over tn* oast -JO years tor mny mdustr ai ,vd cprcumer ejoircjt.ons. Ourmq ,he past several vea;; evriencc I*accumulated to vdcote that PCls are '.vdviv cJispervNj tnrou;J*.out tr.e cnv.rcpmvnt and that they can have ad vse esc!j;;cal end toticoica id etfocts. The Unu-.'J States lrtrv!cr>.jrtmcntjl TjA rorc- rn FCS, Cp-n-7?-ICi3. m n-ir V.a'Ch ZO. 1972 r-.jott t--i.il "r*0.'yi:tU3nnj:: J u.p >* d tut '-.'oc.nm-* sej r-.stncfna l5C3i IP use n catvcitais end tianstoMrers. This r.-pcft is distfi`it.d cv ;**..* `.'a; .:ral Technic! In'c*" t :n Service. U.S. Dcaar tms. ct Cpmr.u-'ca. , - j 22 ' b . A docvim-ant t-ticj. "C jno T r jreformer 5."h*-/r.^"( has tee-* r;a;.pn4i Sta-'jarts I;: ,V' < u! *- j.* Ajxj.'.-rS, irj .J. .">d ami .t i.a*:.from . t-.\ CommittL* i55 c..i Mc-w Vui V. fav.v VufK ICO J 7 Ini- objectives .'i*d the cantor;.;:o.t of irus centmtu-w an! `i.MSI C 'T.i'ii:-:; 0^07 't .'tnn.cj' informal'; an.I jdve.- L . di'S.nstfi HONS Qifitblb 0.';' > u: ;0 v 'i'`% ANSI c.wnpii*'? uis'nrV f. A > <jOu!i(iii. civ. Irvl.titr S *%*;;*,; on, I i Vfjte of jn<] E'.t ironic EtHJi.H'fH. I1' So'Nstv `or T**::.") a;;J {''v.ftt L-^r.l .'"J I3'..-.'-' H'.;ocj:.on; CerW-eJ Cj^jsI Vjnu(...:i;.ri?rt AiW.i: .n; bn<'jmr:-5ji P'OtsCliCn Ag-'rv:y. C" C: of Cnv' i-i'Ttf-tji 0r::.M Services Asiinjn.str jlion .N.>*.nr*j| Jw.-iJa c>J Department ot Army; Rural l:z.f.c,,; on Am....... tuanon: Ownon ot fcrvroninrnt.W fietfrcn. IV'A. Amv*;c:n Publ c Power Anocvidon. \V:r:r Pollution C.'-trol F m.m Cruj A Nitic-'j: F.r- aor; 'Jnbyr-.vr L.b.i jtonvs. jnd liberal sect on* of :hj U S. Department of Interior. The fcilC'.vteq an* pertinent excerpt* :A*n from fn- ..k.t'ci :rjn:j:'-.-.-s. ANS! Guidelines 1. tA9l!.\S ACKARSL 'ft ANSrOP.V.s P.S "All r.vw :s-.or.:l traniV/rm-?rs shoind be i*oe*nd: Ccut>cn The Ifi'. 'jtmo Liq.i 'J In Th s Transformer Contain*. P?i\c'-ioriratcvf 9<ohenyi* ;PC3*I. Cart Shoved ; Taker To Pf.ont Entry Into Th# Environment. In Case Of MaMunct.on Or Leaks. Consult The Instruction f/anual Or The \tanu* facturer. Tha t*ni!cirnr manufactu'cr should mo^a similar v.arnng label* available (or use on previously instaiud transformers." 2. DKPCSAL CF LICU1D AND SOLID `.VAST'S "Gispcsj1 of j*kare< (V r and askarel-jOukcd matyruls must be atcc.n,.- ;hsj ov r.v'uc.s m w.-vert there is no siunii^cant releas: nl .*'stf e* to :K- erv'onmnt. At present, rj<s,;oso! > iccompn'hed by careful! r controlled h.gn terrperjtu** incmerefon cl I;qu<cs ; d sjaked sohv.are. and by centra.lad dry ianc-f-11 b.iral o: apoeratu* end other haruwjic :*om svn.cn a k.. hai be*n previously drained and washed. "Preti ncwCC::* indi".,;.*; that propor incineration thouid invar.-e i iutt'.ni bit.n. e taetwen d.vatt time erd te.ni-:-`o:re .n the mc,r:*:r?: plui, oxv-'vs a.d'ijoo.ty jr.d finj'ty uj ; nvubbMS :< reT:-.-e WIC( *o-*r:.'rl. >q,, it) two-tfc,''0 d.veli a; a `-vexma:?!*/ 2tCJF ;rtd 3'^ excess cv. : ii m stuck ijjs; 12) Mv? s.iccnn uv;!l ti.ne j; 27CCF :-i. j > o\Cw i o'yg.'-i ir. stcck gis." Ths ANSI ou v: ! sts ;ro '.';at:-vr.j of tjs-:!.t;ps mat conform with th? iJ.um* ri*Qut'-*ni *fl*,. Monsarto h.i, vuCft sn ir.cmtijtv' /t V`. 0. Ivturrmrich P`.*.s, D-'M!tmi.-n: A'JJ'.i, S.i.*:*.. I.imois 022UI. v.nvre jrrjr >mnr( ** Cui's" t:f * cents pi peur.). For o? >o..'l j cu.j ;'V '-"o-f il C'i ire s-*j n.` n* y;'r rt:;:..j uy Fs-.i.'i3; ,te an.: iccat .iiont. 3. CC*.D?T::V.i\`o r? :ri . os RtCVJL:^ /-SKARf*. Ccv: tiu-. : v .v . m-.i or r-t-.d-n -.' rj s rr me- u. v U .: n n C . i. : r1 ! !I HONS 0XX627 m 4. i-AROOV.-i Cr I?*, f-'cn I . , SCRAP ' j. Of j.n j<i ji"i ,ju`ii ;.*; u;. r; i j .;. ; ,-j *Of f-.'-lil* Of ' ,.i. m'\J "S fJf A<> d.s-u-I::vv V..:: . . : (irr*.. `or ..I! ;!* j.ltj-.! to a'.im t'o.-.i the cere yi j co- %. b. Rorro*/*? lh; ca ot'U CD*I jv.crrply f rort- th- rp*n vp' 'f ir'I: puce it o;i ;h* Moor. S'/A'Cem absorbent mo:."u` jhou'rt be ,.'ioc*d on tr-? n.-ror u absorb jnv askarcl Vo-<j mat Tf j.-'.-i lo- r-'f ^ ^^ >11 any* from me ............ d. All u-..d >rc!ui! rz rjr<, :jvvdust. t^ne, etc., regero-es; of jointly. V'vu.o be pit .mo i;. ipgrct.ru'to c>- 'ir% ;ur o :,:csif'on 5. TRA^SFO-.-VER C-'i?OSAL 1 nv o'tu'V.;.' cl .in <::<drv1 I1 .led tf jnfarmy ira/ d jr.com pi sbeo .n ef.:^^r ot tv-o wavs a, Cotrr'-'\i> dr j.:->- ond demanding with (fw crop-*' cj:spo>at of the j*Vcr**l i.quid and asv.ir.'i soa'**'? component* c* described aoo-.a. b. Disposition o` . ikifei 'rjnst or tiers by mcj'* ?i ;i.r* o.- SCraO dealer* snc.f 0 be avo.dad unices j :r . first dio.ned, tjilcwed by sr.jvng ot *r.i win . suitable token;, :uch j k:r<:< :n*a. Accomo^t-d l<ou:k and wathirgs arc to be disposed of cs dcscr.oed earlier. fX. Expec.rd Service Lire Manufacturers indicate that properly des nn-.d and mttal'ed iskjrci transformers aru expected to gwe trouble*? ce service for at feast 30 years, Smca r.icrr mtrcJuct on tn 1932. ;h? manufacture's report findmg the overall fat'ure rate to be less than 0.5ri for all jmts u.-d:r test and service conuwions. The -diicn Electric Institute's rcpc.-1 0958*19531 ert the*r member ui !'t*irs pubfr>hjt the <e*iue rat.- 'or askarel transformers as 0.13 per honored banks per year. Mr. Frank M. Claris, v ho invented transformer iskarek at ih? 0-"- ' Etectnc Cu-.njny .n the early 1930s, mad* the hici'ty 0;'t.*' _t comment br.s'J on h s many years ol ext.-er'ones \v*th G.E. Py.^-.l (askaret tv::i bansfor ners mat - "The mport.irt 'Pin; : :o '.tfC (h"rn cry - oit'cr.v.' j/o/re". > - The'*? V.-C'ds of vv-rd nt Sj-rcjne *:';.'.t.ji'y cprl.caolj -n n. ? Wart ;vi'vff j'l.rl faJ."?, ;;i;r c,:.wm o b' lame tn n;. > r-. of '..`ji nj ..-'Of*.'! . i.:ts. Th;*: v' .. are t-'4 > :* urd-rstcnpir 3 tbit the rs in j normaitv horn*..-t:c:i , i X. G3r.?r:if CJkir3ct?ris:.ci of Trj.-.stc: Atfc ;c:-'o* the fo.'C.v..--, Cu;.'*. . ; 10 01 ' y i>-.* j-. Ask.'ral F:u.J fry,:* ^ -r 1 :: l ;oirv.n'> '.I '"t --..Jo.-s r In i1.; .1 .on 10 n. .. *' j: * ; * I O 1 MONS 04V62B A. ^ M. ,| i'* ;rf ,>kjfvi. f'V.fv .'/ l-ft* 14 ili HVII lrrtr;c .'J `)V u! Jt.-V] Oil. ,i 0 in ;J I v i z -n? z-'-f n. i t re kect Jr; It I jn D C'; -lO i.'turc '..'ere, U.i.i.-r r..'ur f r.^-* jf i'll, y t.v'tt j< r*uc-"i muisijf-.' .vh<*n XI. S.itv.pf.o} Transforn-or Akarel Fluid Tl'? Ic1 Ov<: ; CuiJt. --1 3ut jjin^ m; ,,r._' qujtwd from the ICEE of ;r- c:or only rroorMn: ;*-o.n *f.e uareJnsu of ".i'-jI j.i ; J.iinplir .j p;.\ ou.n.ty ' jt.-j. ;t s.:n*v ,*J. Ol:vta*j*iv `ion in too j -r--!`ng ?c^io"R;'U i*L*i: . * i '.j-- *:. tr.it % oot T % senaraii-/ '-ti't' to ec-r'ujJOf'i cor-ccfoirj q-jj: ;y :rj tourt 'css of ttiyt, frf.nie i'tvofveJ ;n w:.r>,'n. I'srurotvrj, a,id inUi'i the? sjrtpi It ( i:ur"iy ucoom'.ordcci j; all of toe oroc-.'djtcs jnd r<<*Ci*-;ico; '.-d m tti< 'jv t on of AGTf.t 0 923 `.actopling iilwCl'cjl l/i.i.ijtir) Lid j.ds) bs 'o lov/Cd. "SstaLW 31 ;ha bich *o"C i'c gravity (relative density) of atkaref i vvju- .?*. !' ii, v.-jivrr j-*d `.err,; otncf 't.du-' r>s are mesi l.\r:v to be foot'd it ct .%.' t.:o >wfjn. To* too jamev. ::en.*or#, uconjicfjud to toc'fsctu tiv votvt crnctioo." XII. !l-...!u3t:on of .`'sltar-jl Received in Ntv/ Equipment $o:r < . i c; .;<ni s-ti.'prvnt I "D 'I ?Jv*m j'.jI./ '.o avA* "zi fecs-va J i.-'.'t" oo j.i !--u.b~on:. it > Ci.i'.* ca-w.on to uio ;ne cl'j'*;c:nr <oav*o ;< . o<-<J v<sua) a-s.arar cs as the most suyficiot u>iti. If 6\..""rv'': -;rd haired ."on-vl ,,*'? r.-aiaoi* nf.-m* W'or. -:y ;o o:>: rOu'd fior**- '!*? 'tO'.VJf fjtfjf. COfC^. .r.l rr>y-i*.t cootrM t-s. lo --.p! < Uf' A jpiurit jl extrr^w :3f roi.'.: L' ' to o':t.o * :`fo js.ntjtivj ijn.-lc. ASTM M^tood U j?3 tooosl tv teUo.vM. . t'\ : orv:'u v.itn 3>kqr:f uxAibitirg the fuiio.vr^ co.i'jctynatic'. cc . ic:ci occ r.twble: AST'.* ,7C :co -i Li'-Jr om 0 2\Z'j 0 1,22 o o o MONS 044629 j1 : . . - o' nw pn-vnt fVCC'O 1 ! to' ; '.IMQIO i.MHt V..- v. for .}'i .It):" It < (jiT.ff ji r JM OlO'-f him -.i I* .VO T'M *. r*.jr ; m.fv|:i^;tO. !: rjr.u* i r.r -it j : . *os:T_< | >> , , *.>. ii j ' i-:t?rs nv,y ''vcj:.- imciw.* . <j. of I"'.' J ih tno jsk.trt'< and moi.'r! by XMI. Dij'odtnc Sroekdown Voltucb -- Mrvst'jre fle'.uidn-.hto I."- jo*oc:r c u- j .:\i . r , ,.-<< ; .. , rv i'Ot i-.:)s:t'\e :j cril'i'aiy ij , ,c .ed U'J J m. :-*f> j: .. V. r. O'.x.voi turns rci't-'ju ; u;.>un O' m i! if ar-rn.j k.t; o:oj:co. Thtn m and me j>..jre fepi^.'d j! r o. ; lunitorm.T srcuM -a rvp*i.< :J It me dic'ccinc breakdown -..j'Mrc cb-'c' ed oe'iodciily -d JjCf cv -- !$ n`i,c.) i$ rr.j-ilL't PiC! uO. JfC'fiij. or bo;n. '.'.'J'o:-* me <i :<c:rtc breakdown /e'tj;e has diooued ;o 26 A7 or )*>;. an jiljl/jil tor Wjt-,,r :S I' .vote' s io .: d r* r.st.j Jt iO ppm ,it room temperature, it* source -mould bt located and corrections maca. When the moiitut? content jpcro>:!.e* 125 ppm (saturation level at rouns tomperatvnol. the o.-H-ctnc b'-^rievn vv.ifjje of J-.vjr"t uren* bilo-.v the value r-;cu*rc;1 for off ct-.v.t ir.sulatmr;. The r.<M;ur-` :jrt.-nt should not ?>a jflowcd to r*si swt 70 ppm, s.n?.;rt et oyer.,t-rj temperature. U m- mpsstufe C3ri.n. *s lound `.j be m a ^lltc' / rjn'-jd ano tre d'-'':c::x drejsasv.n voltage <\ 'o.v. toe t jr-.v **.r mnufjcturer should be consulted. Towle IV shows trv relat.uvslv': o: dielr-ctnc br-t iKOJV.-r niO'siure end T^c'c- V indtcjia* jparovimete v.i'.or sotuo-1 m asriflfol end nvnoris oil. I n t T.blelV Relation of Di:'s::nc ??vi kdc..n V jit-rja to A.-r.oynt or C ",volv'i , jtjr ,n Ask?r..-i Cf v:v-tr Conh't i?:-v o 20 2-J 70 XV 1*5 ;? -*.o 34 ' J ;v :? 20 22 MONS O'r'.biO T ih:; 0 Aorjrottmutf Solubility ol n TranJorniiir AA.jrel arid c-ytui 0* Amount of iFF'.'r O d r. Ai-iim '- ! O-l :o 22 4 <c 1: u 32 10 50 :o 03 :n OS -;o ; 0-i 3 16 23 -If 65 04 123 WO 3 10 13 20 J3 5^ SS 13C XIV. Tur i*idity , . . :P ,v ti< `>0 VI suai of '.;i'ditto!v?d w*t ,r, or may 1 ndicMfi? dirt. C .jUO.-.Vi .-'jy Ji;o revolt ?rcn cjj pr.; t'w*f Itl'in of l::: Ji'/ra.?!: "te.'.vi'fti: -:r` ' jt ..-.at uju.1 m th-j tfjfii^r Pyran-'il uant? errnert. Tli.t e-rnt to ion*..; y.it cf tol.fon efo'.mu 1 S'F aoo.e yero1. To C..'. ,ivv.' ( f'-rju..*-:t ncJJir.3 to isc :cc*.c.3;<f Mt<jn rie bt<iakdovn voitj-;e will ouo!*l'. to that any i.-t, J <y present -t net maiMure: me !i>u; :* eg ?' c e^oy of \he ,ik >roi <t ;*il excellent. H.'.vevor, if the ti .-'ectnc ttrerath it b:la.v 23 KV. no'>t- c should D* determined. ut;i 3 the <arl Fischer macnod ,A$7M 0 1533 60). Thy d-c'e^tric 6jt./own i-o/f *7^ /'or j\kart .ever grimjf/ty ji j#i /jr /f is ay fit r.'. ncjf mponjnt mam sconce test ter :rjr.*tOfmr iskjfil. XV. Chock Poitt'.s lor Maintaining Aslorcl Insulation A. Ci-v:,* t! Con. ,:er jtu v. t.'.covra ctkaref tremiormert .vifh .veiled contraction or silicone or Vnon* c-Aett thjiiiJ hole-eciv.ir, tvitcn and tomir.a! cpn-.2^:;,r.en\ ;ccr.i jnd with urcr-'ffy .sontrucied Ufshm-ji rctyjiu* i.ttf* or no maintenance. '.'..to o'ocerly conttruc* d transformers, annuel or tern-annual vi.uul intp.c.icn e-'J ois'-'iir;*: ferci'-tco-Ao voitar;# test ol rv; aska/e.1 ffi.id thoi.ld tuMo for resume maintenance cnc-m-rg over man* yeart of >V<V>C1. However, many asVjral unit! were m'l*!*.*ci *. the car'*/ <230: -- the Jev*lct>mnt of :om* of *fia bet; r r-.'d:rn ijasket'-g <ratwitt an.j titrate imorovetl <2<C'-;r; wtf'ii d : j'ac.'J for -.iai r-j out .rsit>v*. Such early units mcai-i by. :nd can c.e. ir.vssern:-;d. Leatv nr d-.'.cnerjftd ja-kett should Oe r^cf-Ccd. it :r? j-.-weJ ha; .j-icorre contaminated. it mould oe rcccr:; '.wed. At ;i\w- same time, j `janerji cvd'i-uo of the unit uj , u. ca desir,,.:la. \f -. Vif frt $crcr.'l roCJnJ, *e.Xy gj.ArMi can be v.ilrj oTiyfai-' Ovc* tnj aio.i .v,h epox/ cement. A suwy of men --d'Cjt-st t;ar'.*c.'irtj't !ov<r 20 y.**r mc<t.;ni.\itio:d. <;OCJ n.--j.'i of curly t'-j \ j< !i .iv ve;i; ;r> contiOuwi.' .civ ce r-v f>riv(n<! 0 Tn- or :f .!<j u<*'d are rfdu.-f: <\l *;i . <*/) piot.uic -I'O.r ar*U r'f. Z ji ti o'* '.<.! OJC..W v -:*vo%rh.,fic. f'o.ifi.c s" i MOWS 044631 It!'.; .viin *crp >..! mom l.cans ji c soa^d Oy =-.{. ,">j i-ocv 8. ! m Se.<hnc Prc.-dures: to ?*.>.rg 1. \v"'jmg Consu,,i in.'" Coven, M'iuiui cu'i":vl<'-i>>, and tormina! h?u tings. i.ii;: ir~.-n connect'"*. -.h?u!d 2 3 _c: A `jvi* n,,'n developed >3 jj:j n a prayer s?:i icr '? e'ec;r cal CuO '.*Ct-On tr.migh !W.J tO.'-'> '>!. f"j a." ,"J l. h'Mows: 1) .Yedrd 7;g .vo'd.d to k a. Cast r<j aum.rg v.:;n j m/UiC --J* to me bus`v,`0 st-d and .At.;;'J >tctr.!:ss lljnirv -v ccpccr b. flolstd (ijr-ja bojl'-ng w.th in* m-tal oa.-cjia m sejf H th- cap J"d r^r :<* m j-Je 0/ u '; o;.^J <.i<0 groorcs <n me pjr ;ei- n over *<licon* rujCir rir ;?. Th-: s;jl ber.v.cn tc.i: cap and stud .* mad* Dv \7t*ldinJ. c. Po'c.-nn or glass bu.l'myi with metjl to glass or mstj! ?o porcelain is. 2) Qolteo Tvot - 'Soncd m t.vrk woll) a. Cast rosm bus:- .-g? with ?ith2: cast or metal flanges coiv immg r<.cesseJ ".I '-it grooves. b. Porcelain or gioss bov gt w.th containing recess*, d grooves or gosket stoo. The gaskets may zo either of rectirc-ljr or circular crori sechci*. usually '.* inch ihipv. 3u<hir.i}s .itn leceiscd amov.s e sod .* to use with cork, co;k-n,r>ie mdeer cerrymauor's or n.r: ij i _u.ecf as will as gasket rr.at>n.y > suen as s.hccne or Vnon. 3. Small Si* Connect.c->: V.roi rot rtnvU'c to > j, im.it ti/e connection v.'jis should cc made wm r;'. <i;o*i o jtamlGSS stjii! rmgs. The surfaces most o- <r. >-<- -?r .} pc'jllel. The ht b:i\vcrn i.- l.mi >.:: of :K; rl'-y.fcl'ic r.isg s'-ojld he ''tnor ,.l>co.ne or V'to-.. 4. Giit-.eis for Hjnd hoie Coven: Vocem cic. ,n >yc.: 1 s-l-cji'-: cj-.V-ots Sut'.n ctiKets myit ee * ,:! Ths -/oo' e rr-.t-.' -s rr-jchmc-i m-to :h ::c i. or c-` - .* >tnos io tnv fi c trs cover. Gs.--'*.si! . t.:r t; sh.` >J tae 0 'u to 1 2 r. I 'lc.t `ar cov." dpa',C-i- : . ' .. . tn of the jroo,t` oi stos A crots c* \ t.u. w used. Dow Co-- ? :.'o a .?.; :c " )' ' . c; > e m tre J- .t .. S.? :-l"- .'. J '-V . v^ HONS 044632 I T A\ ' > A I. > . . ij.rM I . ' ' ' </ r ' Iv- >/y r-::n. n .l-.-Jf a. '1 't / ;:r, Ai.v . c*-'; - M..r ' 1 I' th . fK ", - - , , iuiui jKvi3v.-' . v. 3. Oiil'.xif; li'i'.'x :jv,f \ o : c II tha t*r-.rvi vcit.-v n y. 04<.r*j' If am :H . I j:t u. r: un, if if a '.\ < :.; kv ij: ;=- =u-'. ^ c-iid =or . AST'.' 0 \Z2 j ( O'l F ^`'sr I. The o-...-wtf:C brcakjav..' lOltu'.J : i ft*. ?. >| v ,.\l -;j:,-f to ths off c -v :.? , ear l r ,,> no . t* , -mudi 'mrv-cfart r. ".rtnc :>r ' Ja.-. n v.nta.i: > .;ni/ test it.'CciiJ.'V td :.:n ,)" J r,;yv* 0- V V.'vi1 i ..I transfer,-rers nave sr*:v'c>; feccros cl 25 to 5J /ears on rr or. ,i jskarcl. XVII. liiETMCtion ChvcftVst ' 1. If c;k..ii clear - :r. mouofi dirker.-ij to < ijn; brown. has no sediment Cf tVUrijitY. !".j> d i'iCt iC bM.a'.dcwn vctUUJ over *} KV - ;i<e it the in;_ecti-3T "OK". 2. If askj.'?' is clear, but nas `oreicn .ro'er ot olue, >jr?en. red . . it >i "exiraurng co<ur'` ''on *:.tp j! .Tjtcri jiv Tr u ,, not. of Vsell, an ooaratirj hauafO wren di;!iciftc Iroj-. jom' vena. ov.-r 23 KV jt'd moistu.6 ryrti'r.s lew. Hcwr. fir, *h t rzn tciurvice C2fft fur c*ec`:i'"3 n-j earn: cn Of : ("for cu ; .irt'C^ and ce.'tsyltm^ t"' .naxer. rro.vavjf. v.r*>i ;.nv,-'ir.g i.^e fivd c:ri srou'i bt t:'x?n to avod ;?tvng c.*';; nu me askaryi ':on f.a -w t 'jt 'T-.iy oe i.H.tij er cl.:s.c1j of m- < :rpu!i; vjlv. 3. If tb! moistuf* cootj.u is fc-jnd to be arov.* 70 pom a: r. .M'.rrj t?mperc:ur. tr.en :i j sncoid ba '.iri.* .tt t:;c < -tya ;r ir.t-r.jrs to 3 "O.'.ib'a trend, un insW'litions. 4. If a-.kar..'! > c!.-r. but .1..-`'c;*": `.lea'cdjv.n voUj^: d'or.s \o 22 c' lcw.*f KV, ~'<i 'na.stuiy r.tos .er cum ..r-i j. 1 y.u'c . . :>? s. -.jM ; r.o.d, -c: s:-'*-* 'r*fiiv II me o*,,'1. ,.t tin:s :ri- '.'"..ration lo-.y r.:\'ut Ui ptjits a' room :-;r . ^t r a \r.c'c.;v . -<:t on .1.... .1 : for .jtar (.''Co e'.> .n `.ns '..'.hhic.""''' j~'i *..' ' r "^iOO;.." 0? s.ate' *. .11 -n ft . j.'M; - II * -.'I f.- U3'V.J"T.-- rrs.-.^f...:t.. . .: . J ::e '.-Hv. t.d fu' If'j 2 .* :<*j t.n.il u` 1 : HONS 044634 Will. CoiH.'Hv-vJtiCM in Trjn .ii.rm.'M imi.*, ki.i*nt.ii iv.it*.'.r .::c4s; oecjntfo-.it in pi.-J'jCtt jte !p be *>:/ ii.* >:orirf;Pir'.it,i ;; rMu. ncc; on tv 'lyh-cr . 'w.*. 1 kt,v !*> normally Mr ttv* detection .:! chhtjminjt.on "'vrj .?./ Iii.tt Haiv.fof'r.in S Of l.ill" o',.- Ic thn c.jfixS'* m ,, .--..I due to t-r* yvtr.-mc *" v. t Oi ovtra^OuS ....... . moi-rrcji*. Thu incti*. *.! m cov.ti factor a. I'VsUaixvi in Table VI Effect of Cumincn lr*.ul.. i on it.'Muli on 'owcr F :.*f and 0 - - *:*.ric 'str-nntn (Heat 3l> Hours m Aikgfttl at 100 ' .) *v'it'!r Jt Immcrs:d Ask.vef - ' ter S fhCsure P?\v*.f F.*,i:tcr. 0<-OCtr c Recent at 60 Stren.jth eye.. 100 C 25C. . (.'n.itrol) .JfMii.'wJ Cloth Cf Pui.`Sf>..rl .7>mla urctr f*'crr* t? mald^hydc resins Shstl.c Iron Synvtic rubber 1.0 S3.0 1.5 20 15 16 6.0 5.0 70.0 35 KV 42 40 37 39 41 30 39 39 S-m iurly. trace ccr.tu.T.:rami from commonly used construction maitna-s can lower the vofune-retiv.ivuy of asiraref. without affecting ,'t u't'cesric ou'akuown voltage. Thu ii snc.vn in Table VII. Table VII Effect gf Common 1 nvulstion Materials on Volume ftejsstivtty of Askarel Stmr.fe Volume Resistivity x 10^ ohm-cm (at 1C0-C., 600 Veits OC .. 0 I " cco> . 1. i'!;w askarel bof.iro hj.st 2.i'.'t.v iiitarol alter iv.it :g.ng 06 hourt at ICCTC 3, At*;r heat aj-ng win 1 to. inch tpuement of: j PhnnoNc rern t.:o changer meurriaf b. c.Gmj-j A rvessboerd ltan| o'. God; A preubovd igrayl v Oict? A presswurd.'immgtcd strip f. Cotton wMjip.ng ij Uiypul )*7g o.'.vvn*. cured-i3 hr$. at 110*C 2 CC0 1,200 1.200 750 SOO 5 CO 4C0 ;co ICO >'e trace contjmi.t t'.ion e-isily Ic w.*ts volume resistivity hen high teve <t ;i *0* nste )i- j.v conf.-n<n,>f'cr-. 1 :s j'r'jtil o.*..rot lowtr the 'etotisity bclcw : he erect of 10'-" Oh m cm jt 160 C. Tr. riifterpnr henavnsr ot asxuret vs. mineral oil in those r-.-suects can b*r i ... trM <<* - H*i;n power factor and l<: ,v vo`un*e resist>-niy -n 'nnsiijrtni;' muv.-ai oils jr" cp nmonly a dul as "oj;' ,:r t ... m's" tn.it :: O-' t\u H.J ,,,Kl *jru\ vm ,!.:.vn c-cnicj,.1 v or 0 <C . Cil -c rr mu:p n pic^nt. V't.j . NOT T1; . <} "f.ll. j: w un1. -. .* * *:ut *! r.nn!, n* c MONS 044635 vv-"l I .,: i < ul *. e ' r-. 'm.iI 'O i''C" * ..! roo'n : tm* it,.r.* ... ,,w,; *1 I ' > 'v * r_ im *........i-i* ,> D -,rr' tr jr pain U'rU-.t' ,i, Ur** !. 1 . jnil muii' if.* i: l- > j(> ,`.n :nf ><$ g' il U-J rot ihC.-. J-t.vr?: tr.t'vj, XIX,^ AflTM ^`ir lnvi*.?i-7irip.i Thn C.ip:r.if4).My '.'f MikdruU This .T.rtr.cd-' uses :h . ;h.-.-r;e -t '.lee:rrcjl jn.'fjr cr '-n ;i! ! tO ins'ji'VCn ir,J ' i `n tfv.'ir .rnMtoduto rmiMf 'C0f'tjirifd(;j." j'S. m tp .* cn :n-.* g. <.*< "g.J. The mr.nod ai;o various ph-, ., cat tctts cn i^.* j;ul construe;''.':* Tutjno.i e:;?f cuntrc.^J OMOJure to ; to determine f.e cpmput.p :r.y of ilvs,: m tori_.s .v:n tf jr:'o.f?r j^arcl. Property proportioned scvctmom of ih.e initiation or structural matcri.v* are -n refined asxa il ter IG3 no.g.*s ICO i C m a forced dratj oven. C m .uctnc <1 jnd chemcjl p:i;j*r:.es of the troniforrner askarvi are corroded .`.jjti'tt a control sample of the askarei treated m the tame manner, m apsxrca of :? tct specimen*. D'vsioation rector (A$77i 0 024) chjnr-* ir cne o* the critar-s used. Tht jjkarol fluid it refin-td ov absorptive treatment :o a dit-safton factor level o? 0.C5 max. at IC3C and So H; ji*j 001 ms*. a? :5 C ard 60 Hi. Ccrrenohding s jluet of the ask arc find jftar he:t,.`'-j 1S3 hour* at lOC'C m A'sence of a t.*st specimen n 0.075 and 0.C2 respectively. The maximum omipat'on factor level; wjj.'tteo for the aAarel after heatma in presence of th-3 test spec.men ;rc 0.20 at 1C? C -"d 60 Ha and 0.04 at 25'C and SO Hr. XX. Refining Askarel for Reuse A. Fiitenrg Thrctirn Ory dtoittr Paper :o Remove Moitiurt ard Extraneous Parti-j.**: Met! oporatcr* p:j;.*r portable re'imrj sppjrotjt. i,.'i ji a p'ate press fitted with a dolly, avail ?ole from Ssarx'er, '.'undelem, Illinois or General Sl^rtric Co^niiy, P>tt;`.:tJ. M .cnu.or the cartnen cartridca filter type avai-ao:? frcm iro..:* r.iter Ccrroration, UePan.-in. Irauna. n,i;,f o.ic^r im.-j *c-' th olaia prass are availapte trom Cart Schiccher and So<'.i:"i Comoany^ K: >ne, I'fe-.v H jn.prhire and mar.jfac*urrt ot (;':/ pr.'s;d .sted above. T,-.e filter paucr must be tired imrr-.-ci*a:cfv o^ore u',*. ror best r*;aits. sordid tf e jtjoei fer maximum surface e\: P.u-'e m a hot a-r circu l it-nj oven atto ht-at it for 4 tn >5 hours it 1 '(JC. C,t:.1 ;he aikai.;! hot (but rot user ^CfOi if rou^h tne filter fitti'd with the dv paper i ners. After i. rra.-ois tne snerecvtc crrjrtio.vn vo 'a^e of .`j s"0u J !'e KV niiiiinui.it. r uw.'u! .u"v- r .! let muu'vi tivgi uun< ...v n.c i.giig Any i. x.'j'e jn<j .-,i >crs on if- f-.-l.. s:iou;c L.* Ii:'vp .*.;th *f. :c of n'gtii *`s " s.ii:jv r < t.vit m-h , i . .; o *' c .... V*t.'f u' Teflpn* _r "e/. p'e metal . -au.C't-'t .v! p t oe v .--'i .-i n 1 -i r....-*v * i-r' ji..." 'ts AS M lI i1* i >ig MONS 044636 Table VIM Guide to Rate ot V.'iur C*.`fr >,jl Dy Filtering Ti'.rcu ;h j Titc-u Through Pjpcr Prgn 0 \ 2 3 4 5 6 11S 25 ?2 !3 12 10 !0 3. C> 'out c; So: d \V.:t2s: Tlii A.*Sl Guidt uut foil. ''All Solid wastes which he.a t-r:n saturat'd wih o>^^rel should 'jo c-vcoserf of by the tciiowir.i] pfo:cc..r: 1. The ;atu."\`d .vjKat ?ho::.'d 0* p.-iceo tn:o -creo. coma-raft jtxj :o a wc-:: >.d dry ijr.oMI ?.a ] rraMirg S'Jtit re jiiop*C'i?j. Aitorr-j;.. * y. tn*v can be I disposed ot by tncinvr..'.on m S;Ji<-3;:pro,.*3 foc?lt;os. 2. So'-rf abiCro-Mti -it.-d for p'is cm c.- div:e-e*j of unconnmed in me sucersiwtf dry i/rncfi i sit: crjr:c :o the site should be m e'esed caru.rars. Aiumstivc Incineration can ce usca in Accordance with pjr. B ,St*e Section 4 lor (oci!it.*s).'' C. Solid IrtJ-otion Requiring D-yi-.j: II 'in* solid intgl.U'on of the transformer ren-j-res rfryinq. consult ' trtf transformer nanu.;;tu'?r or jr Aorfd-'jius ;:.mC *icp, a '.r, tuen c.ii.3 own a-yirvj is p'cf^rrM. 0. Gaith Treatment for M8K.rm.rn Improvement of Power Factor and Volurra Rt'ti.vuv: Wa o'lcition vvre:nr>' pumcir.j arrf fi.'rcrtr.j the f!ui<j soie'y :o jerieve 9 cr.Z'^i m ccv.tr f r.ator or volume resistivity r'o i* < jtut'fieJ m ic.-lc^cai enmit.-: rs;j<dirij PC2.. V.'e mat >n these >.:uct;ors the crijin.il uei-.ttnrmec manufactui :i la contacted. 1. P'CCCiUre: l T:v ivlcjfrfl liquid siot-'l ba relatively dry prior to fcl*cvv<i:5 ci*tn liitrcton. As e coating on the filter pener surica we fir.jv .ii.i-J.J At:*'.minus cuv cr ruti.r's earth unod and *.:'./.erf o/ rg tor 12 hours e: 2*J-32w ? hr. -J a./y oriwr t-j 7ho rrcont of car it mould m 0. *o J.2 i ?/ sva .;nt on the w."~nt ct tr.rf v.Mr:'. tc be tr-atoc. .V <arci r.n .j'ts .scut 12.5 pcur.ds par gallon. To the earth evjni/, stir cr-c ;n>d ji :n: j ini ii' o-:1 0*' of mi cor.'j.'er .'vri .he o--a i.. 'd :;/fT cucuijte .i.Vj'-.l ;;sn ".-m : tr. '<":i .tI . l:.J : . .r:n 'rrjt O', .v Z. f.r cjM'.s.. / *J t:/.r j J >5 5-.*a 2. E:J s.* uf c-i'*s cn 2.-r >>j! cf Sajvcr Only ; i j 'M - ic:s ov ^ntom: ;n j! HONS 044637 T. w' r IX Ajfl'i.' llj! :: n l.-rr?nr;*.(,: ^nowrvt Ifr-n'ic-int rf P t .I'd V i'unij H \ ,, 11v 1; y (_ ? Ok-'llIi iw [>(: 1 v .'it r 01 f r mitorrr:.?r A-Jtuf1 rovv. ___. 4.:.; '.O 'jrr,. ni't .tivty x : j ' cnrr..,*,jn (j O J l.. 3U4 V*>*t4 L-x.. 0 1 n -OI '.<m.r;e .0 4, 0 l ` ::j C5 'O'j 20 2.1 iO =50.'* 0 Gul O.T' 0.7 4 2.Q-? - IfiOO 100 go :o ?* TZ u`\ 35 ;s 25 XXI. Clijannj Arc :d Transform :r I ? J yi.i :':s .!fC:n m :* ;t ! " I -o fit fsr :-j :'v*o m cfoamre ot t :rn -4 ''"yj.srry -3rc fcMl-.-ii .v.;1' 1 / , n'..u!j;i jn a.-d r--turning it to ser,r Jilcnv this ;:rocvuw* A. C'Jin Out j!' djrfc, Ciroon-C.'n-askjrel. Ar*^.; . to ?U'. the SC*3P fJu'iJ ncrrraud unu-jr prosor corJittO-ns. ijju Committee CIO? ;cort.) B. Cjr.r_.T, brush ceroon djppsus f:cm inrcrnjt p.trt* jrrt mtufjnc.'\ using * SOU bnstie crush iur* that insuljlion it not damaged. C. rluth thoroughly using new askaret - nor 30 oil, nor t cleaning solvent. 0. Plush a second t;m* with fresh askjrel; dram. then f.n to tno proper ijvi with ne.v i>karel. . Enwrn'ze uar.jiormer 10 warn the fluid for 24 to ^3 hours, m-.*n circu.ut* the Ji*ui*i through 3 filter, returning -t ;j me yn t f'l;-*rg j-prej'Jy Idr use. *Thii *;j?rit mjt :>< (iui4 a? '.:? !; t>rtr i.alit^ee wi iv**-- * \V\ci t".*n >-*C'r t 2CCUM -n;icr i-.tum i< utu.nly u'v :*>c i*< irtiwih. Thu yi2cv'i-*e c;..* oe ;coX;a *-j rtutnmg out the mouimi XXII. Sjmpiing Aknr?l Trke s unpi'e ac :i :o the tco c` th'j liou.d surfjcc os ruv v-? . la:* a>'< jr-il tr jnsromcrs Ys. 3 j Cj 't-.n sain lung tuo j rv.-j: ; v.n _ f.n .<?.*..ejvsrt tjimu' rz. 7njn, to Tiok* su.-c tr.jt yjur a- ; represents your o.saiei .v.ulation, ;.'< .mother *irr e * 0 ^ :; ? CCtl-m. i* 3'iC'tiiin:; 4imi;:.rg . ;? C3iin:c:icni JI? c:V'-. . : .rm' vji'.fi for -.'.'Sirif tuO'ulih.:, r m> tubes or ct'jn nl " .- . ; 1 3:u>r-L'n or V 4 Sypas; and -..IiC.one, c 'Jv T* . , fer f!?x.c!j tynj. Us* ';oV.` conrjir-;:s for t! J Jsk3r-.'l santple. A ii. j.-d pV'C,s :.} -.f^nP'i'itr ijjjrt nar, I'.otV* fit*.-4 .v:;n j 2v ` C."> ,vrv. ..'Tain or i n <:,rj imer is r?co.vir*vricv'i fj; - . . .> t'.itm-a. ;11 :o-tip ete j.~a ys- is to b- m::M. a S-9-* 1 .'r 23 *,m Ihjt t?'* f.::. hnitk- n;: r*:-**4 *o :z`: if'; fir:? uo:'"r 4-u< C.r. Ii'mi 1 v cr Ait.i j>n.;r.'i '1 vti *->e ryt'/ovn?*. T -r * !J !. i".: : f. :* m d-v .i,,.\ O' it *: 4 11 ' ' - /j : ..Au'at."' or MONS 044638 C! *.gr it i'. -t '* isi a*. watm Ji t''* sur'c-irU: . j j.i. (Cold c-n conjfc'niv moit<ur (tom hu t id j.r > wiVi'ir-j .. kjttfl fom trari,orrr',v*H. ' Scit tu tjkj :fi< umii'C A-: > : yi'il it v, ;:i'i ji'ii Jl Jvv'j.m yr ...................:.....1 . .r-c./.i! r for < '<w-vV i*.r> nv ?..< .s .1 l>< jvcftt i'-'v '! -zq--2 t on vur'fg r a t.cr. o<*f;o'cf tnov.t 'hat .%.!<' v. l! mc'J'i? *ro-' j '.r jntforr*-,:''t uli<j imulJlf.n ''> ;**- a'.vjr.;? Wy.j'rf and v'C? vfrja daevndir.} on T1 j.-c'crc. v.hc.i uamfo'tr-r f'ot, th- moiitun i .%I <'* / to if i:'i ihe liu-'d, T-it acco'.irtt for yi'fiCii'C vjf'jt.o-'t n J.t'pctfC brajKjov/n vc!`:a. rot *Njmr.K\ 3 f?oi / " :*t c '''cere tf ?'afo\t i .'O'ti-;.' it'j'i rv found d'-nri vvirui y*. 3 retjtv?'> lo.v sn irtnc ortfj<dc.vn volt--* tufir.q th< vurrri'r r*ovnt on t:v;j`Ci Mken from ;:ie tamunit. Whan t-**sr'; :*.-* ljr*n coftiol'tcd. ;nc remainder o( the fluid tJtrt'lo ifccjd z'. dtrstrcy^d by hi-;h temperature incirereron dc:i&rd ;n Sv-liwn VUI. HONS 044639 i \ '"V .'SN i" i. HiiluijuCuaO H "*s !c: Jt urr uuia-'v cn<* - cotr-d to ask are! or mineral cl hhfd .v>v >n '"fi'.Mt >r.r ~<v>..r ihrmrnK ininmil rhtmnw*. }n ;->-j Ch*S ?'? /( in i-n i-. h< 'ex.'* cr'f'eLtcu vJUi'oity to ne svn: ;h te'rrmj.s. Th > fc:i'v of d"-~ v/r-: iitv.d w 3 wo'.m.; bi"c< .sro poc'3*r> un : r. tv.' jji element jr/ang-d '01 tMee-phaie se/sice. A^'3'et l'i n'O'mers -.v<3;t u..1'cfl -.v.icVc; have b.-.-n in Usu lo: about 20 , V.'hn tr.' V v.~'-!. ?i n;,- jjjc.-d. *. j.i-aiMy of a: ; end sasisetirg mo tenuis s% as r r.hor iim-teU and r:sn tn be it a! - t.'i '.i:'!" had 00 service history. As 3 result, m.ded-'f* qj*,<et.r-: moterials such as cork, rvtr.ls rubber, and mtr.la rubor'..mrf cv-v pjrtici-M wift ir.r.a. '.Vh lp t;i/';c:t?ry for 3 l;mr:.o period of r.n these maie.-iels cannot be dcpeno:.1 open tor th* expected cn<j Mr of tne equipment. The terminal comber is usually above or below the swteh comr&rtmcnt and soara'.cd bv 1 :r.M -.`.all through \yn.ch the bo;hi-r are inserted. V.'ne.n bushings aru prcoorty selected end correctly instii!d. tnere 1; no tankage from ore compartment to th-} Other. V'un po.*r bjshmg seals, and r.n- te'^i-y chr-mber abave the switch, pot: "n temrourds or ced e oil can sceo .nto the itkaiet. Y.'hn the termmj chamber is b:lovv the switch, sskarel can dram into the terminal efurnwr. II. Sources of Ccntamination Therj ere three oossib'e sources of contjminition lor askarei in l.v.tchei anci teimma! chamt.er>: th?y rank m this order of tr-c-ar c U) water entering through ocor sjaskets. (21 dacompcjmcn p-ao-ran from arpir^ when switch is used to break mjcneti*mg current. (2i entrance 0/ pothead c: caol* cc.^ci..<'-6 thro,,;h le*v,- cushnij si i!s. Unlike an askarei ;rr..`i?formcr where the amount jl coniammu ; . I'keiy to &,, wry small iprcLably cv:/ truce amojoui in ra'.jt.jn to tv VwIuT.s of fiunj -- m j.vitcnv; or u'mmol chambers with fa jl.' seals, the smojnt of continrvnat.on c:^n be rc-ij**.e!y EArjriarvre rijs sno.vn rn.t, bas^j on tfio njmf>.'r or ms: k'J : 1 iv.iicn units, the pcrcentr.ja t j<'ute >s ixt'cm'iv sms'I V. r rn >t h is > ?n ?bui I tit.tt mo-.! tu.tures O' nTj',; in ;< switch cn..:.bef. '.Vatar :$ the Vu'l .ou'Ci: 1 ! uC^lj nirj'on Ho.". . wr ., coht.minrvch Cl ;.;`.3rrf v. X oj'-oiJt-m 3rt avp.t-it dc ' tcO'.'i .. heve C3i.i).w 2 a U\v I ji'utos. Pv.i.'/v."! 'i uuO "v 1 rr littmn V.rrirjl enj^rx-rI. Wii-m e : c.:bN' or O' r-Jtrd' >' .m .'.:c u kjr:'. no sreat hj-m :. ! :ue r-.-ststa-c; 11 r* om-v.net o.'crv.ivtj ana poveter or m- JSx.tr'l v.i'i r.^'u'.i: jn dfOO *n cs,':...t/ V ` h -- 'u- .n.* .( -s . in.,' I :Mre u> rh >;: /. ;c cjn: tUJl 0 v UV-J m j*. : ut b-'t.'Ok: .m. i*-y Cj- ... . i.-" 11).;1 -;o mas VVn.m the -.i' C2` ' .i'1 if c.n t- t.i-.: ji* .1 'tonili.i cr ; b-1 ./ the switch `"c ;: * ; s.">1-nl r/ jsk.n-i il if-' :;.. r>.i ; Me: e.-.t r-vjv t-. . 1 : cum- o-i' '1 o' <..'t".1 - * -<* * HONS 04X640 , . ; !;v -/ Tli, j<;j.ii ,) Mj-r-r ol '. I . ' J - `''O * i ` and CNd/vUr* f t'yi j'M'vC .< A J c'd.r r .%`"cr:.".if v-.; '< i- -i:... ...i.jj-J in icct Av ;n i.-ji.w :c 3.: uvcd vs l"*m '** olid i.--buim o.i^.ViVv!,':1 . i. s' * ...# t ;i .r'cj-tt - -.*rr .,!* i .... i :,\A ccr' :*f .-f, j:J r;%.W noJ-.i.-r. stj'.rg mun'C'>rc*. V. 'J'-J Unrf *r I.MtJ Condi iionj rtr C- -` ? ' r'ur-.'.''*-'er A^'.jrcl ca.`S cttcot'un fa {.he >s tj -: xory: Jfj; v..vmo >t suc.oct'^ I'j itjhl y: --a y, r: s^lf-ter''.:''''a iru-.-.f.on :rv jct-j'. q re contmujHv ori/Juo.ng slujlit jic;, m 'iji'ii.vT'.'f Of v.v.tvncs, .;c. U'...'r ita,n,.il : :n of a.'.jisi is .:rv Hc.vr.-:\ f adjust c.l or lief-.ur.e v.vucr .<< m c':.. :vr * <?f cr> - ctuz-y -r'f.uii.i and ctcki* ;*d arc.no and cus-rAtad o .;.' :o;:c` o! ;:-j -i'.orc ft .* rj;ofl,ir*vr,,ii_,d th:t v."cn u u w: - -* t. .? U.-dKCms. c-*. :k. of the ii o. r.:-<vr'y t:r jn( a...'s<*er:.o j.-.vn vo.:j;f marc titfrj.r-'.'v -:n when ( is u.od o.ky as a cc.> mg and in'uijtmj i O**..r.cr.i: cn r,l ;..< tyo is in^ .v^Sy j bfKkci'i,,o O! :!-e Ii-.oj d. ft con jyjaHy be 'econcivcrvJ * l>ev0U'/ Spircu! shedd be rr.cn to scivvn-er s; tf>tf jeoroof at- coccentrat-on. ' V. f,!ft?ritc.*urrfl for A^!<i.#2l FillsJ Switch** ' u.r.i iu. >w.;ov;. a.!*g :ft:r oo.ver source has been u'.?tT.ied '.vi.: not ur\.r *.o c'c-r g. 3. Swilcftci .MisTirriinj /rvonctr.'-ro .-.Ufreni v.H Ul subject to jrem-: t!*-f ;.nc,i-'*t d d-*corv ;.*ttion v.;M d55cnd cn po .-er imrrrvc -.d, n.:*.* cno tttoueoev of coerotion. As j gsneici ruff. t*v fiovo ' I: cr.cc-.-yJ rtvi ? to JO orifitons. ). On I, i-'jiji:..! :.vrtc*:t, t.tocy. tn? c^karet .'t 3, 3 aM t2 rncntn ,-"w vzit `^und * f,!,*-.torv. cr?c!< once 30-t.cliy tn:'.v r. .Vnn nroc.'f j:tto:ion to c* covers end MMur,;,' i;i r -aabf*/ mdtCAtC mat IciS f#oc;...t 2. Ch-C: .:c i .sv.jrra* led. A. U .*?.' . >. iJ>vl3" n .clt:-:" (A$TM 'OS/7) .1: <h?gld 36 !`.V '.ini.-'gin. 1; d -'-ctnc l- cikili.-.vn vj>:^:s is em'-'n: rr-.'.:i*ce of .-.jivi bv e'i,crif mrvmod AoD-*r:J2. F,;:?; :? -5icis:-..s, O-ciLctnc . ;`tl f;-.r'Ct th :r' N 20 f'.V "hinunufri. b. p--'- *!tt5 rr c.sivon 'rcm ifC;'*g: P"jid sho.i'd tr Iv.itr* i f * Ol cr'f.r*. M b.fdlv ;rccd i.'td '.-.r, 0Vr<, I* uiy T..r.utf r*..s.i.-i% oi -j f- j `rtt.on 'S crnr*:rdet. Cn-.\' . .-.:or 0.` ; if. d l Urd n,,*t .).c' $'a At 23 2 ` ' i 3C\ . si. ? . ' out tc.o'.v ;y o *> it ! vi^ At i.*: If m ... ',CP'- 0". ! h ric.vcf t.jrtf . dftv.:t or ci i-;.......* <..-., ui , r?_i f -..v i'rr-, : < j ? av. i :> i.` ;:ntt.vi :ct~f*... J into -v. fh : -T^ra: ::r*. * *' '. i .. rui.-.! ,i;"' vAv ` ***/ V If '* .. ' m\. s tvivxv s.vuch, rt*.>:*: f' tt.i i lO .,. -O : T.ii I. .n fr... .01:.;.. t.-j |. .? I.*\ :( fiv ^ .. . m .c-f'C c'-'v t,). :: s v- . , .1; .m_; vt.is V.'.I f<*. t r ;' .. . .. ) > c.w> !.-j MONS 044641 6. . u, v.-. I C' . M > * i . .. > . , o:;- 'O-'i '.! .t vw. . .jiiy pr.--- r- O '.,1 ..t IMC-'. J V. fj ..I UVilJK Sj/, ICpJC WltM a SlI^IX f:*'J type gjSklfl. c II VI. Ar!rd! Urnier Excessive Tcrrpyrature or Fault Condition; The i::: oc j!so pern?: cut tret, ^w;iui>vi u> j hi ii ju>'uui)f j>k.*iiv ueyni ij ijUii g| UiTiiMiwIu'eS Cm' g^uui .uO C. u.-dei" AiiV vu->u<M.'ii>. II i.'io material is hjt*;d to suen h:$n aturc in v-i.rd 'vstrm. orevsur* devtt.inv Pressure will .i.sn .v.elcn m me tv .i.*m if m- **kifi*l gjj. arced sufficient!/ lo jener: coc oul ftydroivn entofrv "Therefore. n n recommended that v.h?f-v*r pcs; Me. scaled askar-.'l-M.sd e'.;.*:ciT.:nt cro-.riid .vtn s-.;i.,Si..r re;-*! dev-ccs. These c-v.ices nv.ii u.: ia* ;e ensues to .-:o..0e imniK,.1'.' ' ...et s; 9 def-ni*? pressure. ynd to pre-.er.; 1^r:r<:r ovkl up o uf-:'..u/e .f deccnpci tict cartmu-Js it -rust te f.vremcsres ".it presence of daviccs ol tn:s sort dees rot .-c:,ss,miy cu-duce ruotur;r^ cl contain.r-) v-sse<s, since ?rc;ure bund jo uj: extremely rapid under violent arem^ condi ncos.'* sU MONS 044642 (V - -- .1 .1 V O -' i - .-"'--v-;i* L\n i -r ~ -^vii 7. ..'cn..*f .`.o; wwi'-ir: j 1.1 -P.' e 17 **f C'.vn f! j.J na!\ .; C-n ;'. :jthe 0?r. o.` !:?m Morsunt:- S .mpfy CO"!jet V-ts i"?? v .1 what -'L't jf wjn'M rcu w::t Oe van: trio pros.'? s./m, ciean samui- uorratner, nttu .vun a piuo*- ijj-.-i. x.ce:vtt i7 i. ;;x.- ,?it sar-.-i.? i^cJ'-t:*-? proa jm '.zrr-: -* n m<s Send tro cjntwner tj ', -v ..nto'i |.,j.Chj-;:s list..- includ: c:.i tuner, shiepir j, hand' r.g arvj l:oorjtory cotts. Tv:'-* of mm2AvJii.'bfe A : .' i I) R3C r;;iE.f.`A;MNA:JCE CHECK ' Total Char.;*: S75.C0 IV 'Vtjr-iir,* tV 7**'?ai conditio*' of :r>* !iu:d end find wht*-r fc. :!;c joj:yi> m niccssary. (one quart sampf* required! Properties T--.:..i D-actnc Breakdown Voiu;e Cclcr and uv.^.: cn Moisture Y.'y .vi11 t< nc :i'1 i cf i^a results cf tms lest. M further testing is indicatad. and you want a comoleu* analysis. you wiil b* sent a pint Sa.-.spt* ;,,r:...n:r, This sarru:;.- wii te used for the foflcvvtpy ..*?* of tests: A:-.!/ss 2) CCM^LSTE Af. \LY?1S Total Charfij: $55.00 To (JewMfi w extent of `lu:d contamination, {7} earth ufinervnt to d.tef'vre a: <: agree of restoration of oloctrxal nd iiw.m.nq properties ; poss.SW, (3i ***:* test to tea how tnt f:ud responded to eerin treatment. ) Complete AnaUs.s; to oeiermina in; extern of contamination Properties f;svd Free Chlorides Color sr.d Cord, non Acidity Specific Cta.-ty 'cctrfc Breakdown Voltaic Refractive ;.`uax Power Factor, OidcctfC Constant, and Resistivity bl Eaf.rt R6fin<jn*-*nt Resconse: foos.s:* o? '- it for 2.5 ''cj s at 50'5(TC. with 0.1 to 0.2 c*rnt hv weoh; of properly conditioned Amp^^ s ki-. i'd then (iiw j; ,'o t -.rougn dry l-it.r pa;wr. c) /muiv'.s A:;:r L.'.i.'oratory Garth Re1 nsrvnt: Protitfftics T- ':-o Aci-Jitv Ro'iLPtive Ir-A-T Dielectric 3r-Adcwr Vcltcge y.'air Power Factor, OieftfCt'ic Constar; and Resistivity Kr CMof'd '. You will L- i k-.-.i-.-.d of th rctuh of test si.r.o. on your sanspta. Ti en aft;r re'it.in^ your er tir.; transformer flu-iJ > cart check on :;i: -.:lts by icu-.*i '*,J tne following analysts; j A* \.s3) A'TvLYSlS AFTER RTM FGFIfTF.'.'GNT Tc:a' Chjrnc: *25.00 iThis .t'lj'j* v. .1 no: v.r.en analyses l ..r.l 2 r.:-> cif.'j.Jy rai-'n me. e.) To _,.r;rmrtf w**j;hvr ;n entire . : r 1j P'cpcrti.'i !::;! C; :t j.-,, Cw::-on 7A! a-:... V. ^ tor of the asKarel !:U icspcndcd he ie s eot as the l.um Fii'* Ch'c.'i-vt At.diJv 0; ..c.::::c v-j *.:j" Paw- : r.rtor, C-<- r eo Co.'*.'. jiiki `\v'..stivity 7. i. .i, ;ii'f.riod .%; .-.r te to tl.t! !.;;:owmj , t ires--. . 0 :> : '^rrpla. tf.ve n>- .. ?t, w>. i'V. , ms */. !i- i . i.'i', n'j. ".'J `.'i n' '''' L .! ;.: .n;: , .. o '. 1 ; iv. "I d/vi'.y i 7 HONS 044643 .?PNO!X A *1 ;.'j;!iV/ arc" Ccmr'V.'tiur ? ^: F-.'.'meri G.1.:-. oonorfOi-v-' "0u'.:* k'C'An. ft not 0 or vvi ,*.....vr.c.'.i-vor. 1 .'r*.Sv"U ol C." *r* rij! j'ion :s <? of ?*' rn. fh*rv r*!iy.sf.v.!* h* -*t Oxdue cr ;luo :e ro;<?d JO air and ,w. ;o : j;nzerjfur...j, di.'.r. ;r.a ..no ;o !. berate :o.t.c C: :.,:n crfsr o- ,,;vt APPROXIMATE composition ARC FORMED GAS FSCV. TRANSFORMER ASXAREL OLENCS AS 'it > VPCS 3 AN C G (INERTEEN 70 30 AND PYRA.NOL A1333o-3, RESPECTIVELY) Gas carbon monoxide caibcn dicyje oxycen inert gates hydreesn chloride (note the absence of phosgene) * Amount 0.3?, 0.3% 0 6?* 1.5*4 97.3% Th*s arc formed gas fiom ASTM Type 0 and Type P transformer askaroU > non*flammabU and non-combust blt. Po< ail practical purposes, the amount of gas liberated from askarel under a yiven set of arcing conditions is about 100 cubic r.jnumetsrt per kilc.v.;t ;:cond. APFE.'iPiXB________________________________________________________________ SOLUSILiTV Or HAS !.*: TRANSFORMER AGKARELS astm types d ano g* 01 r\r,i*:<xt:< c Cartxn dioxida Air Nitrogen Hydros.:, thicr'Ci.*1 Mn.csoncso scjvv*='!r Percent of G.n 3v V >iuTie Cm reefed to: . 2S~C 7U0 rr.-n C C. 763 mm 25X 71*4 5.7 6.0. 37.3 ICO'C 47m <i.g 4.3 5C S 25*0 .. 5.S 5.5 - 1COC _ 5.0 4.; - EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON DIELECTRIC C.IcAIXCV N VOLTAGE OF ASXARcL 1`VVUUM* u -20 0 Dieltc!r:c flrtii^do.wn Vo 01 K V 63 57 HONS 044644 appendix d COMPARISON OP THE APPROXIMATE Vt:CO$ITY IN SAYrtCLT UNIVERSAL SECONDS Or TRANSFORMER AS-AR5LS AND MiNefiAL OIL THE DENSITY O" INERT5EN 70-33 AND TRAN5FGR.Y.ES PY3AKCL A1SS33-3 Approx. Density gm/ce. Tcmp.*C 0 20 40 60 60 Inerteen 70-30 1.574 1.552 1.529 1.S37 1.405 APPENDIX F Tho thcrrr.iii cer.ductivtty value* of transformer Pyranol A17323-3 at 27*C r.nd 53*C are 23.2 and 25.3 x 10* calories | centimeters**, dijret centered**, second-*. respectively. Or, approximately 0.0S BTU per (hr.) (q. ft.) I'F.) per feoi. j This same approximation applies to Inerteen 70*20. 1 APPENDIX G Heat C.'t^itv Ovir the temperature rang* of 25* to 12S*C the 'pacific heat of trar.tfoimrr askarel is close to 0.30 calories per gram per dagrte. APPENDIX H_____________________________________________________________________________________________ -I of !' ^jriHon The a. :r: te ccertueru ef expansion of tnnsformer askarcl over the temperature rani;* 2C to 100*C'0.CCQ7 cc/cc/*C.One ?:uon v.c.iJ u-rcwSi to I.C25 g:.:!:ni cn heating from 20 to Il3h2. appenpixi i F i > R c. ; AAjre>s wi various compositional t>a<* are used. Urd:: :rc:n:j core: .ons Ka gases produced. wm'c comsti'*? o* P..\dOiT.." uimJv ~or.-csrr.stt.5lp hydfcg:r. ;r,}cr:ds can y;;j vjrv***3 i`"c -,0,t cc*",ntt.rH. rt-vmnr.,1 woon tnv I aAarct Pv\ | jtso'i v/M ? \ mco.i ck.i . trvsj * eU and cell cr o;h:r z:zz'-z material! m.r/. arced. p'cd.c- **<: mt\tur.:s v.k cr ;rtr mcu't j'Ny Karmen %. As a erreaufon tuan cjs *s should Oe removed frem the asxjre by bunznrq zr niiry-;., inicuf.p :,% arj hpsrjrg V'.t cjs \v.V' cry mrc/.-ii o>. r: ^ny *o.k i* informed or. the apoa.*a:.:. \ . j MGNs 044645 appendix j_____________ ___________ -- PrfiiwMM ,n'<t Piocmemwi 0>w1Cu*"mi*9 CiixmiJt<0. Midland. M.ch.qan with Orttrictj at Atlanta, Soston, Chicago, Cleveland, Dallas. Lot , ,* York C.t.', VjWttngton, D.C. ant) Toronto has avaiiaoie Bulletin 09 019. Agijuit 1962 entitled "5.1 asoc Design Ojtj'*. n*! i.m the gj,hcl fabricators throughout the country from whom the "Silastic 50" gasketing can be purchased m sheet, eairutions or molded shapes. 0>e#t ?a0^` arc stocked bv `ocal die cutters, hence, cou/d be generally yurchescd locally. Usually smell ... joi.no* of eiskets art die cut. If larger quantities ere needed, tools are made ol the same type used to cut otner lij>(Ul*S. '.V.'ura the gasket extruded for fitting into a machined aroovc or between gasket stops. Dow Corning advises use of a Mj.ed joint. This joint i$ then cemented usmg Dow Coming's Silastic 140 (dear) or their RTV 731 (white) materials, which air cure. Dow Coming points out that the local "rubber" fabricators purchase the Silastic 50 >n omet lorm Thi i* worked on roll rrM m jrcpjmi<o" ipr shctnnn or extrusion. Then to obtain the desired physicji properties the fabricator must oven cure the Silastic 50 let 24 nours at 40O F. t ' SPECIFICATIONS* ASTM 0676 ASTM 04 )2 ASTM D412 ASTM 0395 Color Specific Gravity at 77*P Hardness. Shore A. Scale Tensile Strength, psi. mm Elongation, percent, mm Compression Set after 22 hrs at 30(rF. percent, max White 1.20 . 0.02 4$ to 60 BOO 250 30 *AH physical properties measured on 0.075 inch thick samples molded 5 minutes at 240*F. and oven cured 24 hours at 480*F. ' APPENDIX K_______________________________________________________ _____________________________ Caution Labe) the following or equivalent caution statements should be fixed on ail containers of transformer askarels and the transformers themstlvos: This product contains Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBsl. Car* should be taken to prevent entry into the environment through soillt. leakage, us*, vaporisation, or disposal ol liquid or containers. A/oid prolonged breathing of vapors or mists. Avoid contact with yt$ or prolonged contact with skin. If skm contact occurs, remove by washing with soao and water following eye contact, flush with water, fn case of spillage onto clothing, the clothing should be removed it toon a*, practical, skin washrd. and clothing laur-dcivd. '1 '?*> rr> 9*J v* t*\ MONSANTO INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS COMPANY J I- SPECIALTY PRODUCTS GROUPX^ .00 N LINDBERGH OLYO. ------------ ---------------------- --------- ~ ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI 03168 / tV UM.HM |h,n tMMvul I.TtllUtlMl OCIJIXI.' I % ' 1 t ..n n.il - , U .! |V h ... j> X l'lv-t`1 !J .VI***' .'ll 11,) JIMl . . V..K-I li.i.o . < vjm I. . I-.,* t-.vm *;Curr...l.>t. d by V.*rt%2nf . w-0 >i . U... .iJ u I <.! .inn (! il.i uni '.'jH'ii n .mi .* <fu I**.! jci lv l>IO.IX'T''>>*l l-v <h'* tllll.lfc tM*' t|l lI'V U.tM'.IgnTVt -n 'If t > Mm* ..* *< iM'.uUl. lO, Mc/i'.mIJ Jiiy l.^U.nly Ijl iLxn.a^* u j uci* HONS 044646 r --------------------------------------------------- ~v CUSTOMER SERVICE CE.'.'TEHS AKRON. OHIO 44013 Teu f'i/oV o46-4H, ATLANTA. GEORGIA 30339 JZO (ntmtete /Venn Pjtkwy Su.to SCO Te/ (4Q4) 432 71 H BOSTON. MASSACHUSETTS 02149 fvri Station Teh (17} J37-5010 CHICAGO. ILLINOIS 3ISS Det Pilings 4. Det Phitits. r.cs C0t8 ril (312) 2*6-643$ CINCINNATI. OHIO i5236 8C41 Hotb'ook Road Tel. (513) 34. HOC DETROIT, MICHIGAN 500 Northland Toners West South!.dd. Michigan `13075 Tel. (313) 357-C9I0 . HOUSTON, TEXAS 77027 1301 Pest 0*k Tower SCSI Wentheimer Read Te!. (713) 621 3550 LOS ANGELES. CALIFORNIA $0032 6670 e. Fks title St. Tel. (213) 723 2492 NEW YCRX. NEW YORK IC03S 1114 Avenue i f the America Tel. (212) 764 SOCO ST. LOUIS. MISSOURI 63166 (ICON, Lindbemh 8t*d. Tel. (314) 694-1000 SAN FRANCISCO DAY AREA 2710 Li.'jyetu Sente date. C Aforme 95052 Til. (409) 243-0414 SEATTLE. WASHINGTON 9R17.1 2112 Third Avenue ToL (206) 622 -4203 WILMINGTON. DELAWARE IS6I0 Sene 204. Sar erett Bt.'g. 3411 Heed Teh (3?2) 47S-46CO Monsjnio Indus; ui Chemicais Co. A Unit ol Monsanto Ccrniiany SCO II. Lm J`jor-h Slvd.. Si. Utiit, .Vo. 53165 V_______________ J a Designation: D 3304 - 74 AMERICAN SOCIETY TOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1916 Rcc Si . Ph.lidmohu, p 19103 liom the Annual Book o* AST M $itoi>jt| CoDv'.qM ASTM If not Hi*d in in# cur#n cQmhinfl Ino**, will ipo' in fh* o t d. lion Standard Method tor ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS' This Standis motd undti iht f\td deMpniwon D }XM. the number immeduiely folluwm* Hit detitmiiun indiciiti the >ir of onp'iut .ldopnon or. in ihe cow of revision. the yea* of last revision. A number i purnihex indicates the year of last ri(*pro at. 1. Scop* 1.1 This method covers the determination of the amount and type of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's) in environmental mate rials, specifically air, water, soils, ahd sedi ments. Absolute confirmation of PCB struc tures is nil obtained with this method. Structure proof can be obtained using addi tional techniques such as mass spectrometry. 2. Applicable Documents 2.1 AS7A/ Standordi: D 510 Scmpling Industrial Water1 D15S7 1 bin-Waited Tube Sampling of Soils1, D 160S R;commended Practices for Sam pling A niospheres for Analysis of Gases and Vuj ors* D292S Sampling Stacks for Particulate Matter1 4.1.2 The sample collected should be at least 250 ml. . 4.2 Sediment and Soil Sampling--A sedi ment or soil sample of at least 1000 g should be taken according to Method D 1387 or any other acceptable procedure, taking due pre cautions to minimize contamination. 4.3 Air Sampling: 4.3.1 Environmental sampling of ambient air or source sampling is under the jurisdic tion of ASTM Committee D-22 on Methods of Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres. There are various methods of sampling from stacks cr ambient air available. Set Method D 160$ >>r Method D 2928. or both. 4.3.2 For the measurements of airborne PC B's t ie air sample is drawn through one or more fitted bubbler absorbers filled with nanograde toluene. The PCB's are abscrlvd in the ciuene. 3. Significance 3.1 Since it is possible for minute quan tities of PC B's to find their way into the environment it is desirable to Have a method to identify and measure the quantity of such trace amom 1. 5. Principle S.l The PCB's present in environmental samplts are isolated from the bulk of the sampU matrix by solvent extraction, inter fering natrix components and endogenous residues are then removed from the sample 4. Sampling 4.1 Water Sampling--- Environmental sampling ol natural todies of *jtcr and effluents are covered in many methods under the jurisdiction of Committee D-19 on witter Method !'. 10 is recommended with the following tii uilations: 1,1.1 Utter 26.1 a final rinse with Nanogradc* tevanc should be added. 'TSi- m.tbt*d n winter the >oii-Ji.ii.vi of ASIM Commit <- U-Ct oft ttevwical Insulatm,.- It^unh and la\. Cur rest filituwi jpprotrd Feb. !?> I'uHi.n.U April IV'i f*1. l*IKul fl^oi ai ASTM SivnJtirJl. Part M IH'i A*ua! ...t a/ASIM Vi.. l',.n I* 'RfJ,rni CI'iiiii.'jH. Ami-ru.ii* Chtii'.ul *iixwty Spccin.. ! Am I'hom.'jl Six . W i.hi.viun l ( for u.j,n !,,"> on 1 he louny of n., I..11U hi th Anieii.jt Ovmicjl S.xkIv. 're "Keai'ent l hmuji i->d SiimJjrni' hi Jouph Ki*'>n. ft Van N mr.ifij Vo. Inc. New to k,N. Y .. ami the''I'liited Si.ue* 1`h.iimJvt'l'e'J Attachment 5-12 'I XONS extracts by * suitable combination of dean-up procedures and the amount and type of PCB'S present determined by elec tron capture gas chromatography (EC/GC). 6. Apparatus 6.1 Separatory Funnelt, equipped with ground-glass stoppers and TFE-fluorocarbon stopcocks: 125, 250. 500. 1000. and 2000 ml capacities. 6.2 Kundrrna-Damsh Evaporative Concen trators, 500-mi capacity equipped with 3-ball Snyder columns and graduated 5-ml capacity vials. 6.3 Chromatographic Columns, glass. 10 in. (254 mm) long by 20 mm in outside diameter with a reservoir 5 in. (127 mm) long by 50-mm in outside diameter at the top, equipped with TFE-fluorocarbon stopcocks. 6.4 Buchner Filter Funnels, borosilicate glass, fritted, 90 mm in inside diameter, 600-ml capacity, medium porosity. 6.5 Boiling Flasks, flat-bottomed. 125-mi capacity. 6.6 Liebig Condensers, 200 mm in length. 6.7 Hot Plates. 6.8 Water Bath. 6.9 Reciprocating Variable-SpeedShaker. 6.10 Syringes, 10-jil. 6.11 Mortar and Pestle, all glass, 32-oz (or I -litre). 6.12 Bcking Dishes, borosilicate, 2'4-qt (2.4-1.ire), 8 by 12 by 2-in. (203 by 305 by SO-mm). 6.13 Sf.'ve---U.S. Standard sieve No. 30 (600*,mi). 6.M Gas Scrubbing Bottles, high-form, ground-glass joint, fritted-coarie disks, 250-nil capacity. ' 6.15 D-y Test Meter, 0.1 ft* per revolu tion. 6.16 Laboratory Vacuum Pump. 6.U R-itary Vacuum Evaporator. 6.13 For the apparatus used in the Elec tron Cap.ure Cat Chromatographic Proce dure, sea .Section 10. 7. Reagents 7.1 Purity of Reagents--Kesgcni grade chemicals shall be used in alt tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reage us :.ha)l conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where such; specifications are available.' Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the accu racy of the determination. 7.2 Acetonitrile, Nanograde.* Non --Narograde deurnaits impurities of no more than 10 pans pet Million 7.3 Alcoholic Potassium Hydroxide Solu tion (2.5 % weight per volumn)-- Dissolve 12.5 g of potassium hydroxide in SQQ ml of ethanol. 7.4 Alumina (for chromatographic adsorp tion). 80/200 mesh. Heat at 400'C for a minimum period of 4 h and deactivate with 5 Ft (w/w) distilled water. 7.4.1 Alumina Column Preparation-- Fill a chromatographic column (6.3) with hexane up to the point where the reservoir joins the column and push a glass wool plug to the bottom with a glass rod. In a 50-ml beaker measure 35 ml of deactivated alumina (30 g), and pour this slowly into the column. Tap or vibrate the column to settle the alumina and top the alumina with 2 to 3 cm of anhydrous sodium sulfate. Wash the column with 50 to 1(0 ml of hexane prior to the addition of the sample. 7.3 Distilled Water, extracted with hex\ ate to remove hexane-soluble electron-capturin impurities. 7.< Ethanol-- Formula 2B. 7.7 Hexane, Nanograde.' 7.1; PCD Standards, production grade. PCB Standards Aroclor 1221,' Aroclor 1242. and A*oc!ot 1254. 7.9 Potassium Hydroxide (KOH). 7.10 Sodium Sulfate, anydrous. granular. Heat the sodium sulfate (Na,SO) at 40Q*C for I h prior to use. 7.11 Sulfuric Acid (sp gr 1.84)--Concen trate I sulfuric acid 7..2 Toluene. Nanograde.1 8. Sample Preparation and Extraction 8.1 Water: 8.11 Where possible, the entire water trademark of Milhnckrodl Chtivx.il Worit * Ri guitred trademark of Momjmo Co. J j HONS 044649 0 3304 jgcim of<-^ here ucV 'r ffaJci uertamed .jth parity the accu- ^ w inti of no : it Solu- ** Dissolve 500 ml of .c adsorpC hr a ate with 5 ''ion-- Fill th hexane joins the itI to the -a) beaker na (30 f), a. Top or tmina and anhydrous ith 50 to <on of the with ht'C*) ;non*eap- fade. PCB >242, and , granular. t 400*C -- Concert* IB ire water It (bcmitil ^ompk is extracted with hexane. With larger Camples, where this is not physically possi* t>le, the containers are simply agitated and a 250-ml portion used for analysis. 8.1.2 t'xirocuon of Hater Samples--After agitating, transfer the entire aqueous sample or a 250-ml aliquot into a graduated glass cylinder. Record the volume of the sample and quantitatively transfer it to a separatory funnel with distilled water. 8.1.3 Rinse the sample container and graduate cylinder with two 50-ml portions of hexane, adding each to the separatory fun nel. If the entire sample is not consumed, rinse only the graduate cylinder. $.1.4 Stopper the separatory funnel and hand shake vigorously for at least I min. Allow the layers to separate and transfer the lower aqueous phase to a second separatory funnel. * $.1.5 Extract the water sample a second ' time with a 50-ml portion of hexane. After the layers have separated, add the first hexane extract to the second separatory funnel and transfer the aqueous layer to the original separatory funnel. 8.1.6 Repeat the extraction with a third 50-ml portion of htxane. Discard the aqueous layer and combine 'he hexane extracts. ' $.1.7 Filter the < otnbined extracts through O 4-in. (100-mm) funnel plugged with glass wool that is covered with sodium sulfate. Collect the filtrate in a Kunderna-Daniih evaporative concentrator: add a small boil ing chip. Put t'te Snyder column in place, and reduce the Itoane volume to less than 5 ml by heating th* apparatus in an $0 to 90*C water bath. C A t'TION--Solvent vapors must be ventrd iVuo o hood. Remove the evaporative cor.ceotrator from the water bath and after cooling to room temperature adjust the volum: t> S.O ml. 1.1.8 Inject a fraction of a microliire of the concentrate into t ic gas chromatograph to check for interferences and determine the approximate level of PCB's present. If no interferences art present, dilute or concen trate the samp e to a known volume, as determined by lie electron capture chromat ogram. and proceed with the gas chromato graphic analysis. 8.1.9 If interferences are present, proceed with the chemical treatment and column chromatographic cleanup procedures. 8.2 Sediment and Sml: 8.2 I Any excess water is decanted and the entire sediment or soil sample transferred to a glass baking dish to air dry ui room temperature, the dried material is trans ferred from the dih into a mortar and poilc and ground. The ground sediment is sieved, remixed, and a 250 g portion tjken for analysis. 8.2.2 Weigh 250 g (to the nearest OOt p) into a 16*02 (or 500-ml) narrow-neck screwcup glass bottle (with an aluminum foil liner). 8.2.3 Moisten the soil with water (10 ml) and add 150 ml of acetonitrile. Cap the bottle tightly, and mechanically shake for a minimum period of I h. 8.2.4 Quantitatively transfer the acetoni trile extract into a sintered-glass filter funnel containing a `.--in. (6.4-mm) layer uf anhy drous Na,SO. Collect the filtrate in a 600-ml beaker (vacuum filtration may be necessary). 8.2.5 After the acetonitrile has completely drained into ;hc beaker, wash the bottle twice with 5C-ml portions of acetonitnle. adding each v-ash to the funnel after the previous has completely percolated through the sediment. 8.2.6 Quantitatively transfer the extract to a Kunderru-Danish evaporative concen trator: add a small boiling chip. Pul the Snyder column in place, and reduce the solvent volume to less than 5 ml by heating the apparatus in a 80 to 90*C water bath. CAUTION-- Solvent vapors must be vented into a hood. 8.2.7 Carefully evaporate the acetonitrile extracts lo cry ness with the aid of a gentle stream of dry nitrogen. Rcdmolve the resi due in maximum of 5 ml of hexane. 8.2.8 Inject i fraction of a microliuc of the concentrate imo the pas chromatoeraph to check for interferences and determine the approximate level of PCB's present. If no interferences are present, dilute or concen trate the sample lo a known volume, as determined by the electron capture chromat ogram, and proceed with the gas chromato graphic analysis. MONS 044650 # 0 3304 8.2,9 If interferences ire prevent. proceed with (he chemical treatment and column chromatographic cleanup procedure*. 8.3 Airborne PCB's: 8.3.1 After scrubbing the desired amount of air. record the metered volume, pressure, arid temperature. 8.3.2 Quantitatively transfer the scrub* bing solvent to a round-bottom flask and reduce the volume to approximately 2 ml by rotary vacuum evaporation. 8.3.3 Quantitatively transfer the concen trate to a 30-ml beaker with the aid of several small portions of toluene. 8.3.4 Inject a fraction of a microlitre of the concentrate into the gas chromatograph to check for interferences and determine the approximate level of PCB's present. If no interferences are present dilute or concen trate the sample to a known volume, as determined by the electron capture chromat ogram, and proceed with the gas chromato graphic anal> si*. 8.3.5 If interferences are present, proceed with the chemical treatment and column chromatographic cleanup procedures. 9. Supporting Procedures--Simple Clean Dp 9.1 Saprni/icaiton with Alcoholic Potas sium Hyd oxide and Extraction with Sulfu ric Acid: 9.1.1 Quantitatively transfer the concen trated extracts to a 125-mi extraction flask with the sid or several small portions of solvent. 9.1.7 Evaporate the extract just to dryneis with I gtt.'le steam of dry filtered air ($A mo lecular sie.e of equivalent to remove oil. water, and particles above 12 pm) and add 25 ml of 2.5C# alcoholic KOH. 9.1.3 Add a boiling chip, put a water condenser .n place, and allow the solution to reflux on a hot plate for 45 min. 9.1.4 Af.er cooling, transfer the solution to a 250-ml separatory funnel with the aid of 25 ml of distil cd water. 9.1.5 Rinse the extraction Husk with 25 ml of hexane and add it to the separatory funnel. 9.1.6 Supper the separatory funnel and shake vigorously for at kust I min. Allow the layers to separate and transfer the tower,^ aqueous phase to a second separatory funnel. 1 ) 9.1.7 Extract the saponification solution with a second 25 ml portion of hexane. After (he layers have separated, add the first hexane extract to the second separatory funnel and transfer the aqueous alcohol layer to the original separatory funnel. 9.1.8 Repeat the extraction with a third 25-rnt portion of hexane. Discard the saponi fication solution and combine the hexane extracts. 9.1.9 Carefully add 25 ml of concentrated HtSOi. in small portions, to the hexane extracts. 9.1.10 Stopper the separatory funnel and shake vigorously for at least I min, venting the fvnnel as necessary. Allow the layers to separate and discard the lower aqueous-acid layer. Repeat this until the acid layer is colorless. 9.1.11 Wash the hexane with a 25-ml por tion of water. Discard the water wash. 9.1.12 Filter the hexane extract through a 4- in. (100-mm) funnel plugged with glass wool that is covered with a layer of anhy drous Nft|SO. Collect the filtrate in a Kun- derna-Danish evaporative concentrator, add a small boiling chip, put the Snyder column in place, and reduce the hexane volume to^-^ less tun S ml by heating the apparatus in an* j 80 to 90*C water bath. CAUTION--SohentW vaport must be vented into a hood. Remove the evtporalive concentrator from the water bath tnd after cooling to room temperature adjust the volume to 5.0 ml. 9.2 Liquid-Solid Chromatographic CltanUp M'rh Alumina: 9.2 ' After preparation of the alumina colon, i, as described in Section 7, quantita tively transfer the hexane extracts (5 ml or less) >i t to the column with the aid of several 5- ml (unions of hexane (lowering the solvent level i t the aiisorbuni level after each addi tion o solvent. Do not allow the lop of the column to become dry). 9.2.2 Carefully add 125 mi of hexane to the c.tumn reservoir and collect the total eluent in a Kunderna-Danish evaporative concentrator. 9.2.: Add a small boiling chip to the Kunderna-Danish evaporative concentrator, 4 HONS 0V*651 lo*er ** \s lotion After fun ratory layer third iponiicxane traced itiane :1 and tnting m to is-ocid jer i* il por- >u|h a flats inhy. t Kunr, add olur.tn o/tcni emove water feature Clean- lumina antita* ml or several solvent s aJdt* of the me to e total loutive to the nutoi, D 3304 y--vul the Snyder column In place, and reduce ences. ' V^te hexane volume to (ess than 5 ml by 11.1.2 Case ll--EC gas chromatogram of heating jhe apparatus in an 80 to 90*C water PCD unknown altered with respect to stan bath. CAUTION--5o/vrm vapors must be dard PCB with no evidence of interference. vented into u hood. Remove the evaporative 11.1.3 Cose ///--TC c.ts chronutoeram of " concentrator from the water bath and after PCB unknown unchanged with rc\pccl to cooling to room temperature adjust the vol standard PCB with evidence of interference ume to 5.0 ml. 11.1.4 Case /!*--CC gas chronutoeram of 10. Electron Capture Gas Chromatographic . Procedure PCB unknown altered with respect to stan dard PCB with evidence of interference. 11.2 Determine the PCB level in Case I 10.1 Instruments--\ gas chromjtograph and 11 samples by comparison of the total equipped with isothermal oven temperature area of the peaks in the unknown with a control. calibration curve prepared by plotting the 10.2 DereffO'--High-temperature "Ni total area of the peaks in the electron capture Electron Capture Cell chromatogram of the corresponding standard 10.5 Column--A 6-mm by 6-ft (1.8-m) versus the number of nanograms of the glass column, 4 r< XE-60 on 80/100 mesh standard injected. Initially subject Case 111 Chromosorb W, high-performance. and IV samples to the chemical cleanup (0.4 Column Temperature-- The column procedure and follow by chromatograph) on temperature shall be as follows for the vari alumina. If the interferences are removed by ous Aroclors: Aroclor 1221. I7Q*C; Aroctor this treatment, calculate the PCB levels for 1242, I90*C: Aroclor 1254. 20S*C. Cases III and IV in the same manner as Cases 10.5 Detector Temperature--The detector I and II. If dominant inlerference(s) is (are) temperature shall be 250 to 300#C. still present, estimate the maximum PCB 10.6 Injection Port Temperature--The in level in accordance with Cases I and II after jection port icmprrature shall be 220*C. correcting the total area for that of (he 10.7 Pulse-- The pulse rate shall be 50 us. interfering peuk(s). In all cases, the response 10.8 Flow Rates--she (low rates shall be of the electron capture must be linear for Oil follows: 10.8.1 Helium Carver--60 ml/min. 10.8.2 90fr Ap'on-.'O^o Methane purge-- 20 ml/min. 10.9 Using EC/GC as the determinative step, inject in duplicate 2 to 8 pi of each quantitative anal.sis. 12. Calculations 12.1 Assurrin'. that the calibration curve is prepared ty plotting the electron capture response (lots! ;c:ik area) versus nanograms sample solution into the chromatograph. By of the PCB standard injected, calculate the comparison with standard solutions injected, PCD level yre'cnt in the air, water, or under the same operating conditions, deter sediment-soil tai.iple as follows: mine the amount and type of Aroclor using 12.1.1 Water >md Sediment-Soil Samples: the total area method. c - \{A!ByO x 10* <l)/ml (10** mr/npll/f II. Quantitative Oercrminatiott It.I Quantitative determinations employing the electron captire detector are non-stoichi* omelrk measure nems made by comparing the total areas for known concentrations with those for unknown concentrations. Four vari ations of the area quantification procedure hate been employed. as follows: 11.1.1 Case l--l.C gas chromatogram of PCB unknown unchanged with reject to standard PCI1 wth no evidence of interfer 12.1.2 Air Samples: p HAft'-Ml> x IQ*il)'mmo *mp/ncU G (28.32 'iirc/ll'HniV HI* Mrcl (/%- P./P.KT./27.1 4 T.) where: A - PCB in unknown from calibration curve, "g. 0 final con.enuatt injected into the in strument, pi. C - concentration of PCB's in water, and scdimcnivoil sample, mg/kg (or ppm). S I I *GNS 044652 i 0 3304---- 0 m volume of final concentrate, ml, sample weight, kg. F concentration of PCB's in air sample, mg/m*, at one atmosphere and 25*C. G m air sampled from meter, ft*. Ft * standard pressure, 760 mm Hg, Ft differential pressure of gas stream, mm Hg, Tt standard temperature. 29t K, and 7*i - temperature of sampled gas. *C. 12.2 The corrections for the pressure drop through the scrubbers and for the gas tern* periture are necessary to get an accurate measurement of the gas volume sampled. 13. Precision and Accuracy 13.1 In order to establish the precision and accuracy Of the method used for estimating PCB content in the environment, a round* robin testing experiment was set up. Sam* pies were prepared by spiking water with PCB's at the level of about 500 ppb. Individ ual preparations included blanks'(no PCB), Aroclor >242 only, Aroctor 1254 only, Aroclor 1260 only, all 50*50 two-component mix tures, and a ` j, `a, *i preparation containing all three Aroclors. Six samples of each mix ture werr prepared, and tested by two ana lytical laboratories. Each result, expressed in ppb of tne individual components was con verted to percent of the total PCB added. Analysis of variance was run on all the data taken together and on each laboratory inde pendently. Two obviously defective samples were dele ed from the data. 13.2 The precision and accuracy of this method on standard air and soil-sediment sam ples have tot been established. 13.3 Ccnelusions: 13.3.1 The 95% confidence limits for indi vidual results were as follows: Etilwrijboraiory I7.S * J5.J% Laboratory A laboratory 9 II.) *46*1 03.7 a 10.2% 13.3.2 The repeatability Tor the individual laboratories, based on repeal tests of samples having identical prepared compositions is as follows: Laboratory A Laboratory 9 4*20% *11.M 13.3.3 In general. Laboratory B comes closer to properly identifying the individual Aroclofs with one exception, Aroclor 1254 found in a mixture of Aroclor 1242 and Aroclor 1260, as follows: Mintuts 1 2 ) 4 s . Present 1242 1242,12)4 1242, 1254, 1260 I2S4 1242. 1760 Laboratory A 1247,(1234) 1242. 2S4. (1260) 1242. ( y 1260 tJ5*. 0260) 1242, 1260 6 1260 (1241), 1260 7 1254.1260 1)241). I2M 1260 Laboratory 1 1242 1242, 1254 1242.1254. 1260 1254, f)?60) 1242.(1254). 1260 1760 1254. 1260 Number* la parolhcMt indicate mittUtnMftcaitOM. 14. Contamination 14.1 In determining PCB's by electron capture gas chromatography, laboratory^ sources of contamination can be a m.i)t:: ) probem The samples and extracts should" never be allowed to come in contact with materials other than glass, TFE-fluorocarbons or metal. Laboratory glassware and sampling gear should be thoroughly washed with hot, soapy water, rinsed with distilled wa'er, acetone, and then hexane. All equip ment should also be rinsed again with hex ane just prior to use and blanks should be frequ:ntly carried through all steps of the procedure to insure against the possibility of contamination. f, r APPENDIX ELECTRON CAPTURE CIIROMATOCRAMS 01* COMMKRICAL PCB MIXTURES 6 HONS 044653 0 idividual ' tamplet >ns it it I comet 'dividual lor 1254 242 md fiery I 1254 l?R H <i:wi iawi, electron otetoty i majcT j hpyla*"/ ;t with joiocjrire end w.uhed diUilled I equip* ith he. outd be of the Hlity of 0 3304 ' ' I | MONS 044654 # 0 3304 FIG. A1 ArKlM 124} FIkiim C>;( < Cknml|(M. 8 MONS 044655 oo Qi D 3304 9y fuHittuon of (Aii iijifotJ no foutton U tiitn n/k uutti to tht tohJ>tv of gut fount nt*tt in roonr,u.<n tnj tht Anii'i. jn St.ittf iW onj Ujtttiolt it><ft not t*iJtt .Ht to imutf antont u,ih:>'t tht ttonjtnj afomit tuhihtf (o in/'iAfrmroi of ony Ltotri pjitm n.it ouyu t n,, A . 9 l I I , MONS 044656