Document reBKGvN0XKxoVe8X5Qyp4wzjJ

/ n/ ILvlf-lLfe of Polychlorinated IWpticuyl (Aroclor !.:*) fit FUh From nn Alabama Reservoir and Stream /> * f Chong-i Paul Lo Kory W. Vltter Robert S. Relmcrs Cereld C. Cunning Ana C. Anderson Tulanc University School of Public Health A Tropical Medicine xx Dept of Environmental. Health Sciences 1430 To lane Avomn New Orleans, 1.A 701 12 504/588-5374 . Environmental Cay* mvr IPh.H.) HALF-LIFE OF POLYOll,URINATED IUPHENYL (AROCLOR 1254) IN MSI! FROM AN ALABAMA RESERVOIR AND STREAM. Chong-i PnuJ Lo. Mary \\ Viiur, IhM'cr* S. Keimers. Gerald E. Cunning, and Ann C. Anderson. Tulanc University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1430 Tulnnc Avenue* New Orleans, LA 70112. Data from an eight year (1960-7974) field study for PCH's (Arm*lor 1254) In fish long Choccoloco Creek and Logan Martin Reservoir In Alabama were analyzed. Two ad ditional years of collecting field data completed the study. Four fish collecting sta tions were established. Station #l was a control station miles above the mouth of Snow Creek (which is known as the discharging point by the PCB's plant of Monsanto Chemical Co.), Station #2 and P3 were downstream along Choccoloco Creek and Station 14 was At the Logan Martin Reservoir. Concentration of PCB's (Aroclor 1254) in fish tissue were ana? lysed to determine accumulation patterns over time ami to calculate the half life of the compound for the various fish species. A decreasing concentration of pen's (Aroclor 1254) in fish was observed from samples taken in Chmroloco ('.reek. The half lives for individual species range FVom 18.0 to 27.8 months with good si atlst ieaI correlation with in individual species. The average half life for I'CB'.s (Aroelor 12V#) lor all species was 21.2 months. In contrast, fish sampled in Logan Martin Reservoir (Hass and tatigcar Suufish) showed increasing PCB concent ration over time. Based on uptake data, th pro jected time for doubling PCB concent rat Ion Is 46 months For l.ongear Situ fish ami hi months for Boss. This Increasing trend may be due to the availability of ITU's because of transport of suspended and colloidal material downstream from Choccoloco Creek. DifCor tot uptake patterns in fish taken from stream and rerervoir will be elucidated. HONS 012933 Not |-or '`nhl uat Inn Presented Before the Division of KnvIr.MinivntaI Chvmistry Amor Iinn Cl; -mica I Sor i v t v Houston, TX March 23-28, 1980 HALF-LIFE OF I'tH.YGU.niMV/MT.D BmiF.KYL (AUOCUn; IPV,> AN AlwUlAMA 'tKSl-.'AVOIR ANII STUKAfi FISH KWM Chong-i Paul Lo, Mary W. Vittcr. Robert 8. Ko inters, Gerald E. Gunning, Ann C. Anderson Tulanc University School of PuM ic llv.il Lh and Tropical Medicine New Orleans, LA 70112 Data from an eight year (!%n-l`>7t0 field stn.lv for tvr'. iwoclor l.'V,) hi fish along the Choccoloco Greek .tod l cyan Marlin U.-svrvoti in \ I ahama wore .mnlvred. Two additional years of collecting field data completed ilu- stmly. loir fish col lecting stations were established. Station 01 was a ronlrol lit ion miles above the mouth of Snow Creek (which Is known as the discharging point by the PCR's plant of Monsanto Chemical C<>.). Station #2 ami 03 were downstream along Choccoloco Creek and Station 14 was at the Logan Martin Reservoir. . ' Concentrations nf PCB's (Aroclor 1254) in fish tissue wro analyzed to deter mine accumulation patterns over time and to calculate the half life of the compound for the various fish species. A decreasing concentration of Pen's (Aroclor l?`4) In fi ll was observed from samples taken in Chncrnloco Creek. The half lives among several fish specie*- are given in Table 1. The half lives far Individual species ram*..- from IS.O t* ?7.g months with good statistical correlation within Individual species. 'the average half Ufa for PCB (Aroclor 1254) fee all species was 21.2 months. Table 1 Flab Species Half Life in Months P-Value Stone Holler (Compostoma nnomalum) UotkIH (Lepomls iracroclUrus) loouar Sunflch (Lepoail* accnlotls) lui (Mlcrontcrus r.pn.) Blicktall Slilner (Notropim vcmistuii) Average 18.5 27.8 18.0 21.2 20.9 21.2 0.01'D <0.05 0.0l<p <0.05 0.01<P <0.05 0.I0<p <0.25 0.01<P <0.05 MOMS 012934 I In contrast, the fish samn|cd In the I.ORair Martin Reservoir (Ban* and '.ungear Sunfiah) showed increasing PCft conrentr.it Inns over time. Based on uptake data, the projected time Cot doubling the t*CB concentration Is 46 months for the Longear Sue* fish and 61 months for the Bass (see Table 2). This Increasing trend may be due to the availability of PC.R's because of transport of suspended and colloidal material f downstream from Choccoloco Creek. Flih Table 2 Doubling Time in Months Lonaear Sunfish (l.enomis mcn-ilods) Bata (HlcroiUcius sit.) 46 i>i P-Valuc 0.1 -p 0.J5 0.1 |* '0.2i The different uptake patterns in fish taken from stream and reservoir will b elucidated, taking into account water quality, flow, and sediment composting. HONS 012935 l OBJECTIVES OF STUDY oS - TO OBSERVE THE BEHAVIOR- OF PCB COfITENj/ Ifl'FISH TAKEN FROM RIVER A!IC RESERVOIR SYSTEM VMTH HIGH ^1`ALITTES OF PCB PEI'IG DISCHARGED BETt/EEil 1S30 - 1968. ,x , - TO EVALUATE THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE FCB BIO/aCCUMULATION If! THE FISH. / - TO DETERMINE THE BIOLOGICAL HALF-LIFE OF PCB PERSISTING AMONG FISH SPECIES If! THIS SPECIFIC SYSTEM. MONS 0 1 2 9 3 6 BACKGROUND INFORMATION TRANSLOCATION OF PCB IN RIVER SYSTEM: - PCB IS EASILY ADSORBED TO THE SECIPENT AND ONTO PARTICULATE MATTER. - ONCE ABSORBED OH THE SEDIMENT, THERE IS LITTLE LEACHING. PCB CONCENTRATION III THE SEDIMENT IS RELATED TO BOTH ORGANIC CONTENT AND PARTICLE SIZE. - HIGHER PCB CONCENTRATION ASSOCIATED WITH THE SEDIMENT HEAR THE DISCHARGING POINT. - PCE IS PROEAELY TRANSPORTED BY SUSPENDED SOLID, SEDIMENT, AND PLANKTON. - FIELD STUDY SHOWED THAT ESCAMBIA BAY HAP LOST MUCH OF ITS CONTAMINATION III 9 MONTHS, HONS 0 X 2 9 3 7 BIOACCUHULATIOH OF PCB BY FISH 1. UPTAKE FROM SOLUBLE PCD /jj0 - FISH MAY ACCUMULATE TO LEVELS OF 103 TO TO5 TIMES MATER CONCENTRATE' ENTER LABOPATOF.Y CC.TtTIC:!. ' - CHANNEL CATFISH (ICTALl'EIS PHUCTATIS) CONCENTRATE!;- AROCI OR 1? TO 6.1 X ID*4 TINES THE HATFP CONCENTRATION OVER 2 MONTHS. - IN GENERAL, PCBs PIT;' HIT OWIT CONTENTS BirACCUMULATE FORE THAN ONE WITH LOW CONTENT (TIE TO TRINITY TC LIF1C- FfACTIO;:). 2. UPTAKE FROM SUSPENDED SOLID - HIGHER PCB LEVELS WERE FOUND III FISH TAKEN FROM HIGHER TURBIDITY AREAS ALONG THE MISSISSIPPI RIVET, - THIS HAS HOT EEErl SUBSTANTIATED (APPEARS TO EE SITE SPECIFIC). * {a,---.-.-,-! / _. i \. sr i/i C 6*10 J7 , UPTAKE FROM THE SEDIMENT BY ORGANISMS - UPTAKE OF PCBs BY FISH IS RELATED TO THE AMOUNT OF PCS If! THE SEnrE.1T, - IN ESCAMBIA BAY BURROWING SHRIMP CONTAIN HIGHER RESIDUE OF PCBs THAN NON-BURROWII1G ONES. - ALONG MILWAUKEE RIVER, FIS!! SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM STATION WITH HIGHER PCB RESIDUE Hi THE SETWENT HAD HIGHER PCE CONCENTRATIONS. A. UPTAKE FROM FOOD - FOOD IS A MAJOR ROUTE OF BIOACCIT'TLATION. - PCB RESIDUES IN FISH ARE RELATED TO THE FISH'S FEEDING HABITS AND LIPID CONTENTS. HONS 0 1 2 9 3 9 COLLECTTOS STATIONS - ASXISTOS, ALAMOM |r*e k MONS 0 1 2 9 4 0 METHODS AND ANALYSIS 1. EXTRACTION: FISH TISSUE (5 - 15 GM WET WEIGHT) I * ACETONITRILE - llivil EMrACTIU: WITH fOLYTROil (EPA METHOD) i FLOPOSIL CLEA'IUP GAS CliROrATCGPiiPHV I*ETEBT!ATIG3 (cc:: s t/i GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY: MICROTEK 200 V/ITK Hi63 ELECTRON CAPTURE DETECTOR, 220C, 200C, AND 550C FOR ir.'LET, COLUFi!, AND DETECTOR TEMPERATURE. COLUMN: C: FT. r-SHAPE GLASS COLLTIf! l.'ITH 3S CV-1C1 Oil GAS-CliP.01! Q -(100-120 fiESH) 3. HALF-LIFE DETERMI fiATIOf! EQUATION: Y = 10A_:<T HALF-LIFE = </ WHERE Y = THE CCi'.'CE.ITF/'TIC;; OF APCCLCR 1250 AT TH E T, ASK CONSTANTS. HONS 0 1 2 9 4 3 HONS 0 1 2 9 4 4 3.0 2.1! F Aroclor I25i Cone. (ppm) . f j j I 0. :o E F A J. .D A b A 7l DO 72 "3 .A II F 3 Station " l . Concentration of Aroclor vs. clue among (A) stone roller ( Compostoma anooaluw ), (B) longear sunflsh ( Lcrxmis woes tot is ), (C) hog sucker ( Hypcntt1 tua etowamm ), (D) bass ( Mtcropterua spp. ), (E) bluogill ( lopotals macrochlrus ), and <r) blacktall shiner ( Notropus vcmiftus ). 300--. no 50 " II 1.0 .! L- 'CB >nc. >(*) I -U- ------------ ................................... ..... 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 00 90 100 110 120 (month) Station ? 2. "'ho concentration cE PCO vs. ponth for yv blacktail shiner ('Jotronus venustus) . BOWS 012945 10 u Station 2. The concentration of PCB vs. nooth for stoneroller (Coboostona anonalun). \ l HONS 0129** `N, 10 V X PCB one. ,, apm) 1 o.:d 0 0 l- -. -| ( .. . ---- -- | | 10 20 .30 40 50 60 70 -80 00 100 110 120 (iron th) Station { 2. The concentration of PCti vs. month for bluegill (Lenomis mncrochirus). r HONS 012947 Idl) 35' 10 N \ 0..5J 0.J 10 20 30 <10 30 GO 70 80 90 100 110 120 (month) ' Station " 2. The concentration of PCiJ vs. month for lonqear sunfish {Lcgoivis roegalotis) , HOHS 012948 50 (month) Station 5 2. The concentration of PC3 vs. month for bass (Vicroptorus spp.). HOMS 0U949  FISH SPECIES STOi!E ROLLER WPPSTKV AMTAI I7 ELUE-GILL (LEFOI'IS KACHFOCIIIRHS) LOiJGEAR SLTiFISE (I EF'Of'IS MFPAI OTIS) BASS (ftICROPTEPUS spp.) ^LACKTAIL SlililER (flOTPOPI'S VFUIISTIiS) STATION i;2 HALF-LIFE III f'-PMTKS P-VALl'E 13.5 0.01 P 0.05 27. f 0.01 P 0.05 Ifi.C 0.01 P 0.05 21.2 0.10 P 0.25 20.9 0.01 P 0.05 AVERAGE: 21.2 HONS 0 1 2 9 5 0 FISH SPECIES STATION n HALF-LIFE IK MOUTHS P-VALUE STORE ROLLER (COf'PCSTOHA ANGI*Al.l?i) 18.5 ' 0.01 P 0.05 BLUE-6 ILL (LEPPilS KKHROCHIRUS) 27.8 0.01 P 0.05 LONGEAR SUIiFISH (LEPOI'IS NEGALDTIS) 13.0 0.01 P 0.05 BASS cmCROPTERIIS spp.) 21.2 0.10 P 0.25 LACKTAIL SI!IHER (IIOTROPI'S VEHUSTUS) ' 20.9 0.01 P 0,05 AVERAGF: 21.2 g fish species STONE ROLLER (0f!POSTfW pwm ,Tn BLUE-GILL (LELOf'IS KACHmniTPirci LONGEAR SliliFISK (LEFOLIS NFFAIOTIS) BASS (/iICkOPTFPI'S spp.) LACKTAIL SI!IHER (iiOTPOPI'S VEflllSTIiS) STATION 2 HALF-LIFE IN f'Of/THS P* -'/'frlfLIlPt 18,5 0.01 P 0.05 27. f 13.0 C.Oi F 0.05 0.01 F 0.05 21.2 CMC P 0.25 20.9 0.01 P 0.05 AVERAGE: 21,2 E S 6 7 T 0 SNOW i i i m n P i i i flm P 0 13 20 3n 40 50 60 70 30 90 100 110 120 (moolVt) Station r 3. Tin? concentration of 1*CB vs. month for lo ujear sunEis'i ll.cpomis rvnalotis) . A ~>vv HONS 0U954 10_ PCB cone. (ppn) o.sn o.L. i------ ~T------------1----------- 1---------- r10 20 30 40 50 60 70 50 90 100 110 120 (nonth) Station S 3. The concentration of PCD vs. month for bass (nicropterus spp.). _ ti n \ :J:> HONS 012955 STATION *3 FISH SFECIES HALF-LIFE IK f'OilTHS BLUE^ILL (LEPOMIS f-ACROCHIRIIS) 125 LONGEAR SlllFISH (LEPOMIS KEGAIOTFS) M3 BASS (RCPOFTFPI.'S spp.) 23C P-VALUE / P 0.25 P 0.25 P 0.25 HONS 0 1 2 9 5 6 0 LO 2(\ <0 40 ;>0 60 70 00 00 (month) 100 1 10 120 ttfcfltifM ; 4. Tho con con tra t i o*i of PC 11 vs. month for loujcar suncish (hcgonis ino<jalotis) . HOMS 057 CB one. (PP) .. X.. 0.5 0.1. 10 31 40 50 50 70 ao 90 100 110 120 (month) Station ! 4. The concentration of Pen vs. month for bass (Microptcrns sop.). til AN HONS 012958 6 S 6 7 T 0 SHOW FISH SPECIES LONGEAR SUMFISK (LEPCHIS MEGALOTIS) PASS (MirRpPTFoi'S SPp.) STATIOfl fii rOLTLKIG TIME If f-OHTHS . P-VALUE i|6 0.1 P 0.25 Cl O 1 0 O 07 FISPF SUHFISH ttFPmilS spp-> BASS WCRCPTEPUS spp.) PERCERT DECREASE' JWRMRY K7E APRIL I57S - A7 97 75 AUGUST 297 71 - PERCENT DECRB.SE IS TIDE I'lFFEF.EiitE lir TOM FCB CCHCEiTPAJICii RET!:EE?f FISH COLLECTED FP.OK STATDOPi f2 Af!C STATIOff IT* I'f THE LAST YEAP CF S7BEY, 1975. SUMMARY 1. IN THE RIVER SYSTEM, PCB IN FISH DECREASE WITH TIME. 2. THE AVERAGE HALF-LIFE OF PCD III FISH SPECIES TAKEN FROM HIGHLY POLLUTION POINT IS AROUND 21 MOUTHS IN THIS SITE. . THE PCB CONTENT III THE RESERVOIR PCUFLED OVER APPROXIMATELY 50 TO 70 MONTHS. N. THE PCB CONTENT IN FISH DROPPED FROM APPROXIMATELY 10 PPM AT DISCHARGE POINT TO 1 PPM IN RESERVOIR OR 90" REDUCTION, 5. THE INFLUENCE OF WATER QUALITY APPEARS TO EE A FUNCTION CF TDS, CHLORIDE, SULFATES WHICH APPARENTLY INFLUENCE THE AVAILABILITY OF PCBs ON SEDIMENTS. ! 6. THERE WAS MO INFLUENCE DUE TO TURBIDITY AND SUSPENDED SOLIDS WHICH MIGHT BE j DUE TO THE VARYING L1PIE COiiTEIIT OF THE FISH THROUGHOUT THE YEAR. i