Document rBvMamOrQ2mRydn85jp6Z2nnr

THE HI STORE or th.e KREBS PIGMENT & COLOR CORPORATION The first lithopone manufactured in the United States was pro duced by the Beckton Chemical Company at Newark, N. J. in 1395 and was sold under the name of "Beckton White." During the next few years two other lithopone manufacturers entered the field. These were The if, Z. Grayea Company of Camden, N. T. who produced a grade of lithopone known as "Lilly White* and The Grasselli Chemical Company who chose the name "Grasselli White." In the year 1900, Mr. H. J. Krebs retired from several chemical manufacturing operations in which he had been engaged. After searching for a new line of activity, he decided to enter the lithopone manufac turing field. During the remainder of the year 1900 and early part of 1901, Mr. Krebs completed the chemical and engineering research work necessary to determine the quality of product which could be produced and the type and size of equipment required for a lithopone manufacturing plant. In 1901 a plant site was acquired at Newport, Delaware. In August, of that year the erection-of a plant designed to produce 5. ton3 daily was started. Outside technical as3i3tan.ee was not solicited, tho Mr. Krebs was approached by various persons claiming to be versed in the manufacture of lithopone, based on experience gained in English and German plants or at one of the other three lithopone plants in she United States. The process adopted by Mr. Krebs was perfected with the assistance i of his son, Mr. A. Sonnin Krebs, who was a graduate of the Chemical En- j giaeering Course of Cornell University, Class of 1900. .j DUP140000016 DUP140000016 N50695 After the new plant was completed In February 1902, the difficulties usually involved in .starting a new process were encountered. Thru per sistent and untiring efforts the operation of the plant was perfected and a new grade of lithopone called "Ponolith" was available for sale. The question of finding a market arose next and it was decided to sign a contract with an organization experienced in the sale of paint 'v materials, including lithopone of German manufacture. - * The first year presented many difficulties. The product was not very good and lithopone wa3 not the well-known and widely used pigment . of today. Improvements were made, however, and the business paid its first .dividend during the second year. Ponolith. was a success and busi ness Improved to such an extent that no warehouse stocks accumulated, all , of the product being loaded on cars as soon as made. Business continued to increase and this, together with changes in method of manufacture required practically rebuilding and enlarging the plant every three or four years. In 1916 the Krebs Pigment fe Chemical Company decided to assume the responsibility for its own sales and discontinued the arrangement with its agents. Mr. Robert C. Cox was engaged as Sales Manager and opened offices in New York City and Cleveland. The Cleveland Office was placed under the direction of Mr. Harry Kingsborough..' In 1918, Mr. K. J. Krebs retired from active work; his position as President of the Company being taken over by his son, Mr. i, S. Erebs. This arrangement was continued until May 27, 1929, on which date The Krebs Pigment & Chemical Company was purchased by E. I. du Pont de Nemours St Company Inc. It continued to operate, however, as an inde pendent unit until August 1, 1931. DUP140000017 DUP140000017 DUP150147281 -3- Ths ownership of the Beckton Chemical Company which had started lh 'ewark, 5. J. in 1393 was later divided between the Cawiey-Ciark Company of Newark, manufacturers of dry colors and Harrison Bros. & Company of Philadelphia. In. course of tine, Cawley-Clark and Harrison Bros, became part of the du Pont group of industries. Harrison. Bros. was purchased by du Pont in 1917 and Cawley-Clark in 1920. The manufacture and sale of Beckton White lithopone and dry colors wa3 placed under the management of the Pigment and Heavy Chemicals Divi sion of the du Bont Company. This arrangement continued until 1930 at which time their-actlvities were transferred, to the Pigment Division of The Grasselli Chemical Company as will be described below. In 1923 The Grasselli Chemical Company was consolidated with E. IV. du Pont de Nemours Company which added among other thing3 Grasselli White litnopone and Leaded Zinc Oxide to the du Pont, pigments. ` In 1929 The du Pont Company purchased The Sreb3 Pigment & Chemical Company. In July 1930 the Pigment Division of the Grasselli Chemical Com pany was formed to control the manufacture 'and sale of Gold Seal Beckton White and Grasselli ?/hite, as well as the du Pont line of dry colors. The V. assets of The Krebs Pigment & Chemical Company were transferred to the Pigment Division of The Grasselli Company but the Krebs Pigment & Chemical Company was still permitted to operate as an independent unit with its own sales offices in New York and Cleveland. On August 1, 1931, The Krebs Pigment & Chemical Company was dissolved and reincorporated as The Krebs Pigment & Color Corporation. This new corporation was formed to control the manufacture and sale of the pigments previously handled by the Pigment Division of The Grasselli Chemical Com pany, namely. Gold Seal Beckton White, Ponolith, Grasselli White and du Pont I'-dry colors. DUP14000001B DUP140000018 DUP150147282 In addition to these activltes, The Krebs Pigment te Color Corporation .J . . jqulred all of the assets of the Conmerical Pigments Company, a subsidiary 1 ? The Commercial Solvents Corporation. This '*a*dded -T*itanium Dioxide, a coca- w_ parativeiy new pigment of great promise, to thVrthres "brands of litbopone and - the line of dry . colors controlled by " The V*"* ,** Krebs *' . . .- Pigment k Color Corpo. ration. This new corporation also took over the sale of 'the' tw<a> grades of Leaded *y Z inc produced by The Grassell! Chemical Company, namely. Tomahawk 355 Leaded Zinc Oxide and Snowcap 5% Leaded Zinc Oxide. Within a short time Grasselll White lithopone was discontinued as a separate grade of pigment and customers were supplied with an equivalent grade from the Ponolith or Gold Seal Beckton White brands of lithopone. At the present time The Krebs Pigaent & Color Corporation maintains their main office at Wilmington, Delaware with branch offices at Newark, N. J}. Cleveland, Ohio; Everett, Mass., and Philadelphia, Pa. The Lithopone Plants are located at Newark, H. J. and Newport, Bel., manufacturing Gold Seal Beckton nhite and Ponolith respectively, while the Krebs Titanium Di oxide Plants are located at Baltimore, Me. and Edge Moor, Delaware. All of the dry colors are made at the Newark, N. J. Plant. The Grasselli Leaded Zinc Oxide Plant is located at East Chicago, Ind, Both the Ponolith line and the Gold Seal Beckton White line of litho- pones comprise complete lines of pigments, ranging from the lowest to the highest oil absorption and involving many unique grades for special purposes. Each of these line's of pigment includes Titanated Llthopones known respective ly as Titone and Duolitb. The Titanium Dioxide is available in two grades characterized by lowand medium oil absorption. The chemical dry colors of . fered represent a very wide range of pigments suitable for paints, inks, paper, lacquers and in fact all fields in which chemical dry colors are used. In a wor.d, The Krebs Pigment A Color Corporation is today the largest manufacturer of white pigments and dry colors in the world. \ ' H. H. MORRIS - DUP140000019 DUP140000019 DUP150147283