Document rB36RMkKvad6p7zw8r4XdVKDr

TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH LABORATORY SUBMITTED BY DOW CHEMICAL U S A. October 23, 1974 FILE' HET K-028126-(3) K NUMBER K-028126 PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT & 00 1TD REPORTED BY TOXICOLOGY OF INGESTED ASBESTOS LITERATURE SURVEY Charles T. Lichy checked by; L. W. Rampy iNFORUiriVE SUMMARY KITH CONCLUSIONS BASED ON THE SAMRLC RECEIVED. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION INCLUDINC THE EFFECTS OF |Nr REHEATED EXPOSURE MAY BE REOUIREO AS SPECIFIC USES AND FORMULATIONS ARC DEVELOPED OR IF PROCESS CHANCES OCCUR. A survey of the literature that is pertinent to the ingestion of asbestos was made. Asbestos is a ubiquitous mineral appearing everywhere - air, snow, rivers, drinking water, beverages, and drugs. Even control animals in one feeding study had asbestos particles in the several organs examined. Since it must be assumed that during inhalation, some portion of the mater ial must be swallowed, the incidence of gastrointestinal cancer in asbestos workers is pertinent to the ingestion of asbestos. Although the incidence of GI cancer in asbestos workers is relatively low in relation to the inci dence of lung cancer, studies have consistently shown GI cancer incidences of 2-3 times that expected in the general population. The incidence appears to increase with the duration of exposure and there is a long latent period for development. Feeding asbestos to animals has not increased the incidence of tumors. A study designed to determine the carcinogenicity of various sizes of as bestos and fiberglass particles when applied to the pleura of rats showed a definite relationship between carcinogenicity and size. Fibers < 3 microns in diameter and >20 microns in length are more carcinogenic than fibers with diameters > 3 microns regardless of length or less them 20 microns in length regardless of diameter. Most fibers found in water or beverages are indivi dual fibers less than 20 microns in length. In 1973 The Advisory Committee on Asbestos Cancer reported to the Director of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (a division of the World Health Organization). As part of their report they stated that, "such evidence as there is does not indicate any risk from asbestos fibers present in water, food, beverage, or drugs". 9 c.H. Blair G.E. Bur^err ^ -E. Colleton L.<. Frv| H.L. Cordon, WO * B, Moldvr, M0 B. Horvath D. Kitian, MO C.E. Kimmal F.C. Loaviit A ORM C.J7JJ0 R-0.74 DISTRIBUTION S.M, MacCutchaon T. Pullin O.D. McCollistor (2) L. Rinxama R.D. 01.on M.E. Pruitt R.J. Shovor OTi CRI (6) See attached sheet. RESTRICTED FOR USE OF DOW EMPLOYEES ONLY DOW CHEMICAL U.S.A. < FI RESEARCH ^ DOW CONFIDENTIAL |~] TECHNICAL SERVICE AND DEVELOPMENT * MIDLAND, MICHIGAN DEPAtfTcwr iSECTlO* eeoT NUM9CP "" DESIGNED PRODUCTS 'Designed Latex DP-1135 in co Approved by: ./A. author (si: 0. M. Blake/W. A. Kibble ~_______ mkuila&ftMjtiJ&ii________ K. R. Meath 2040 Dow Center o. oI TITLE- SD-395 AND SD-617 REPLACEMENT LATEX EVALUATIONS oz aooe. SUMMARY: One of our goals for 1975 was to replace SD-395 and SD-617 at Congoleum because LO of their slow cycle times. Experimental Latex XD-8S02.02 has all the physical properties of SD-395 in an asbestos felt sheet. Experimental Latex XD-8989.00 CO can be blended 50/50 with XD-8902.02 to produce a replacement for SD-617 CO (XD-8990.00). An additional feature to these latexes is that they are sodium hydroxide neutralized which makes them more ecologically acceptable. These in> latexes have been submitted to Congoleum as replacements for SD-395 and SD-617. 5> ECOLOGY STATEMENT Dow S/B latexes comply with portions of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act as amended, for food packaging. No serious industrial handling or environmental pollution problems in manufacture or end use of these latexes are known. L 1 6*18 Z 0 1 S . DISTRIBUTION: Full copy of report.) * Midland C.R.I., 566 Bldg. (5 copies) # Corp. Res. & Cevel,, 2020 Dow Center *K.R.Meath, 2040 *H.A.Walters,2040 *B.J.Larsson, Horgen *D.M.Blake, 2040 *P.E.Dean, 1604 *W.H.Keskey, 1604 W.A.Rogers, 2040 R.L.Glomski, 2040 S.L.Basque, Torrance *S.Narayana, Greffern *V.L.Irwin, 1604 H.D.Ledbetter, 2040 *R.Berney, Sao Paulo *R.F.Hettler, Walnut Ck. *W.I.Gladwish, Sarnia D .D.Applegath, Sarnia H.Jeker, Horgen *J.L.Spradling, 2040 J.L.Huffman, 1604 E.J. Walsh, 2040 *R.F.Sansone, Horgen *G.R.Williamson, 2040 *J.J.Drost, Greffern *W.V.Huling, Allyn's Point i ti-t o Surma ry CO10I0 PRrwTf o &*rt December 5, 1975 . T^CulEm NUm ft .0602040 Page I 81649201$. DP-1135 REPORT NO. PACE 3 TITLE: SD-395 AND SD-617 REPLACEMENT LATEX EVALUATIONS DOW CONFIDENTIAL PURPOSE: This study was initiated to find two latexes with similar properties to SD-395 and SD-617 that do not contain ammonia. The Environmental Protection Agency has informed Congoleum of their intentions to monitor the effluent from their plant and to reduce the allowable limits of amnonia in the near future. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: CONCLUSIONS 1. Experimental Latex XD-8902.01 has wet end properties equal to SD-395 and better room temperature and hot tensile, better stiffness, and plasticizer resistance. 2. Experimental Latex XD-8902.01 or XD-8902.02 can replace SD-395 and a GAP latex in Congoleum's WS-62 formulation. 3. A 50/50 blend of XD-8989.00, XD-8902.02 with four parts of Averol 113 postadded has similar properties to SD-617. 4. A 50/50 blend of XD-8990.00 and XD-8902.02 should replace SD-395 and SD-617 at Congoleum. RECOMMENDATIONS 1. Send samples of XD-8990.00 and XD-8902.02 to Congoleum for further evaluations and possible machine trials. 2. Start scaling up XD-8990.00 and XD-8902.02 at the pilot plant. 0 C-110M HwTED H.2.71 P 2 -3- DOW CONFIDENTIAL :AL 6t6 w m s . 3 set for this year was to replace SD-395 and SD-517 at Congoleum th latexes contain DL-636 and DL-630, which are costly to make :tion times and sensitivity of the reaction. It was fortuitous >f Maryland has also approached Congoleum and is in the process lit on the amount of contaminant in their effluent entering er which empties into the Baltimore city water reservoir. n two flooring felt formulations while S0-617 is only used in WS-62 and WS-64. Both formulations contain other ingredients athylcellulose, gum arable, Polycup 361, GAF latex and . Some of these are very expensive and are being eliminated tions with the idea of streamlining their flooring felts ing physical properties. At this time Congoleum is conof WS-64 In all their flooring felts, however, any latexes till qualify in both WS-62 and WS-64 In case they need to itter flooring grades. : designated WS-62 contains SD-395, a GAF latex, wax and dients. It is the Cadillac of the industry and very ex- They also make a WS-64 grade flooring felt that consists , wax and less active ingredients. This is where their focused with the objective being to reduce the cost of the the formulation but maintaining the physical properties. lccording to standard test procedures outlined in the t manual as reconmended by Congoleum Industries. COMPOSITION 70% DL-636 V/30 DL-630 40% SD-395/60 DL-421 50 XD-8902.02/50 XD-8989.00 + 4 pts Averol 113 81 S/17/B/2 AA 0.2 CCU 60 S/38 B/2 FA 8 CC14 57.5 S/40.5 B/2 FA 4 CC1,, B - Butadiene TS AA - Acrylic Acid FA = Fumaric acid. erimental Latex XD-8902.01 and SD-395 is shown in Table 1. he latex bound asbestos sheet were so encouraging, a sample urn for evaluation. Their results are shown in Table 2. d lde* 'n id i a"*n 2 at of ^or IS > d ysical DP-1135 DOW CONFIDENTIAL ST0284920 TABLE 2 DATA FROM CONGOLEUM COMPARING VARIOUS DOW LATEXES IN ASBESTOS FELT Evaluation I SD-395 XD-8902.01 SD-617 DL-421 Wax Formulation Reams Weight Gauge mils Gauge Wt. Ratio Tensile, 74F Elong., 74 Break Tensile 350 Elong., 350 Break Water Ab. 1 Hr, % Mullen Taber/2 Stiffness Taber/2 DOP Bent Tensile Freeness PPT Time, Sec. Elastomer, % Plast. Immr. Tens. Plast. Elong. Break 85 15 WS-62 .033 .48 42 11.0 13 5.4 33.8 63 25 5 40 10.0 45 15 14 12.6 2 85 15 WS-62 68.7 .036 .52 41 10.0 24 7.0 40.5 64 30 5 36 9.5 40 15 18 11.8 3 43 43.5 13.5 WS-64 66.8 .033 .49 44 7.0 13 6.3 16.5 55 75 5 25 15.0 40 15 12 12.2 4 43 43.5 13.5 WS-64 68.4 .025 .51 48 5.5 18 6.4 20.5 64 115 5 4 24.0 30 15 13 11.0 5 56 30 13.5 WS-64 68.4 .030 .44 41 6.4 14 6.2 25.3 60 70 5 22 10.0 40 15 11 11.4 DP-1135 DOW CONFIDENTIAL IZ6l8Z01$ TABLE 3 DATA FROM CONGOLEUM COMPARING VARIOUS DOW LATEXES IN ASBESTOS FELT WS-62 FORMULATION Evaluation SD-395 XD-8902.01 GAF Latex Wax Polycup 361 CMC Gauge mils Gauge Wt. Ratio Tensile 74F Elongation 74 Elong. 74 Break Tensile 350 Elong. 350 Break Water Ab. 1 Hr. % Mullen Taber/2 Stiffness Taber/2 DOP Bent Tensile Freeness PPT Time Sec. Elastomer, % Plast. Immr. Tensile Plast. Elong. Break 1 70 15 15 3.0 1.5 315 .465 65 5.8 7.8 23 4.0 12.2 97 60 25 45 51 20 15 37 7.4 23 70 15 15 3.0 1.5 30 .44 68 5.8 7.6 30 4.2 15.8 105 45 20 47 58.5 20 15 43 7.8 85 15 3.0 1.5 30 .435 63 5.6 6.8 33 4.4 16.8 104 40 17 46 44.0 20 15 42 8.4 DP-1135 DOW CONFIDENTIAL TABLE 4 DATA FROM CONGOLEUM COMPARING VARIOUS DOW LATEXES IN ASBESTOS FELT WS-64 FORMULATION ST0284922 Evaluation SD-395 SD-617 XD-8989.00 XD-8902.01 Wax Polycup 361 Gauge mils Gauge Weight Ratio Tensile 74F Elongation 74 Break Tensile 350 Elong. 350 Break Water Ab. 1 Hr, % Mullen Taber/2 Stiff. Taber/2 DOP Bent Tensile Freeness PPT Time Sec. Elastomer, % Plast. Immr. Tensile Plast. Elongation Break 1 43 43.5 13.5 7.5 41 .45 37 4.8 14 3.1 12.0 69 65 5 23 12.5 40 15 12 9.0 23 43.5 43.0 13.5 32 .455 49 5.0 14 3.3 16.1 77 105 8 2 14.5 35 15 17 10.2 36.5 50.0 13.5 31 .445 41 4.3 13 3.8 17.2 73 90 8 4 10 35 15 12 9.0 DP-1135 DOW CONFIDENTIAL TABLE 6 COMPARISON OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ASBESTOS FELT USING DOW LATEXES AT DIFFERENT BINDER AND SURFACTANT LEVELS Evaluation 1 SD-617 50 SD-395 50 XD-8902.02 XD-8989.00)* XD-8902.02) Averol 113 Drainage Time 32 Weight in Gms 21 Gauge mils .030 Tensile 74F 37 Elongation, 74 6.7 Tensile 350 18 Elong. 35 Break 8.0 Mul 1 en 70/68 Taber/2 Stiff. 120 Taber/2 DOP 8 Bent Tensile 12 Freeness 17 PPT Time Sec. 70 Elastomer, * 15 2 50 50 4 45 21 .030 38 5.3 20 7.3 65/73 118 20 7 18 62 15 3 4 50 50 4 44 21 .031 29 4.3 18 6.3 50/53 90 19 4 17 41 13 50 50 4 38 21 .031 35 5.0 18 7.3 51/47 90 19 7 17 52 15 5 50 50 4 35 22 .030 35 5.7 19 7.3 61/61 120 21 5 18 75 17 6 50 50 4 33 22 .031 43 6.0 19 7.7 70/65 128 21 2 16 130 20 7 50 50 0 51 22 .029 36 5.0 26 7.0 76/78 93 22 7 19 41 15 ST028 *A 50/50 blend of XD-8989.00 and XD-8902.02. 75 8 7 70 S26*l8ZdXS 7~ Letter Report OC-052201-12 DOW CHEMICAL U.S.A. MICHIGAN DIVISON December 5, 1975 midland. michioan s. J. Kasley, 785 C. G. Mitton, 941 N. G. Delisle, 834 D. H. Naffziger, 1710 M. J. Mintz, 1710 R. H. Solem, 640 GASKET TESTING FOR DEPCT PLANT CONSTRUCTION From previous corrison data (OC-52201-7), TEFLON gaskets would be recommended for all 0,0-diethylphosphorchloridothioate (DEPCT) handling. In certain applications, however, high temperatures limit the use of TEFLON. Table I summarizes the data obtained on five non-TEFLON gaskets which should have resisted DEPCT corrosion. All the gaskets were bound asbestos from two suppliers, Johns-Manville (J.M.) and Garlock (Gar). All samples were heated in Stauffer DEPCT for one week (7 days) at 100C under nitrogen. At the end of the test the DEPCT was partially decomposed as evidenced by precipitated solids and loss of liquid. Examination of the results listed in Table I clearly shows that two of the gaskets (JM-83 and Gar 7021) are completely unacceptable since they dissolved in hot DEPCT. Two other gaskets, JM-60-S and Gar 900, lost weight in DEPCT but did not decompose. They were, however, less flexible and cracked more easily when stressed. JM-61-S gained weight and showed cross-sectional separation when examined after the test. Three of the gaskets tested, JM-60-S, JM-61-S and Gar-900, should prove acceptable for hot DEPCT handling. JM-60-S appears to have the best resistance but careful observation on gasket points during start-up would be advised. D. H. Naffziger Orqnnic Chemicals Research 1710 Building ewh AN OPERATING UNIT OF THE DOW CHEMICAL COMI'ANV y*O" lf WlL TABLE 92*%8ZM* OCR 0) <u >0 C 4> me V -AH JC U Eh * 2- - 00 in CO a\ (N m i1 in in CO n -hC n-- d) C X 4) oH *cH x: J EH O m in rH r-~ oo oo o 10 t o o "0 4) C -p to o dP dp dP dP o\ VO i 00 io o 1 iH P s TJ d H 'adS at 4) >> c HH H O ro O flj o ro CO r* 0) O CM in 0) CO CM o p V o H o p O o o 1 1 M a) z Q w i o 10 CO 1 rH ID CO 00 o o <n H CM O r-> M IQ C uu IT) CPQ ss >-D ^ s 3 10 IT) oo c 3 (N m ^ in Letter Rpt OC-052201-12